Datasets:
MiniLLM
/
dolly-processed

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
2
instruction
stringlengths
4
924
prompt
stringlengths
144
1.4k
input
stringlengths
0
1.16k
output
stringlengths
1
10.7k
Is an avocado a fruit or a vegetable?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Is an avocado a fruit or a vegetable? ### Response:
An avocado is a single-seeded berry fruit
Which sport is similar to baseball?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which sport is similar to baseball? ### Response:
Baseball is a bat-ball game. While there are many sports played with bat and a ball, considering the number of players involved ( more than 4 ) in a field. Cricket comes very close and have similarities with the game of Baseball.
When Joan of Arc was beatified in the famous Notre Dame cathedral in Paris?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When Joan of Arc was beatified in the famous Notre Dame cathedral in Paris? ### Response:
1909
Who were the members of England's men's football World Cup winning team in 1966?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who were the members of England's men's football World Cup winning team in 1966? ### Response:
- Gordon Banks (Goalkeeper) - George Cohen (Defender) - Ray Wilson (Defender) - Nobby Stiles (Midfielder) - Jack Charlton (Defender) - Bobby Moore (Defender, Captain) - Alan Ball (Midfielder) - Jimmy Greaves (Forward) - Bobby Charlton (Midfielder) - Geoff Hurst (Forward) - John Connelly (Forward) - Ron Springett (Goalkeeper) - Peter Bonetti (Goalkeeper) - Jimmy Armfield (Defender) - Gerry Byrne (Defender) - Martin Peters (Midfielder) - Ron Flowers (Midfielder) - Norman Hunter (Defender) - Terry Paine (Forward) - Ian Callaghan (Midfielder) - Roger Hunt (Forward) - George Eastham (Midfielder)
Classify each activity as athletic or academic: reading, running, studying, jumping, writing, sprinting
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each activity as athletic or academic: reading, running, studying, jumping, writing, sprinting ### Response:
Reading: Academic Running: Athletic Studying: Academic Jumping: Athletic Writing: Academic Sprinting: Athletic
Give me a list of Premier League winners in the last 5 years.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give me a list of Premier League winners in the last 5 years. ### Response:
2021-2022: Manchester City 2020-2021: Manchester City 2019-2020: Liverpool 2018-2019: Manchester City 2017-2018: Manchester City
Identify which car manufacturer is German or American: Bitter, Cord
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which car manufacturer is German or American: Bitter, Cord ### Response:
Cord is American, Bitter is German
Which social media platform is the best?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which social media platform is the best? ### Response:
Instagram, YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, TikTok, Pinterest, Snapchat, and LinkedIn are all social media platforms. It may be hard to pick which one is the best because they are all used for different purposes. If your goal is entertainment you might want to consider youtube and tiktok. If your goal is to find job then you should consider linkedin. If your goal is to share family photos, person status updates, or marketing material for your business you will want to consider facebook, instagram, or pinterest. If you goal is to get information on political issues or current events you will want to consider twitter. If your goal is to stay up to date with your favorite celebrities you will want to consider instagram. If you goal is to talk with family and friends you will want to consider snapchat.
What is the tallest tree in the world
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the tallest tree in the world ### Response:
Coastal redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)
What is the fourth album from The Tragically Hip?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the fourth album from The Tragically Hip? ### Input: Day for Night is the fourth studio album by the Canadian rock band The Tragically Hip. It is named for the film of the same name. ### Response:
Day for Night is the fourth studio album by the Canadian rock band The Tragically Hip. It is named for the film of the same name.
Day for Night is the Tragically Hip's 4th studio album released in 1994
What does S3 stands for?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does S3 stands for? ### Response:
S3 stands for Amazon Simple Storage Service.
Can 4 working days a week achieve same result as 5 working days a week?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Can 4 working days a week achieve same result as 5 working days a week? ### Response:
Firstly 4 day work week is not working overtime for the same hours over 4 days. Rather it is generally defined as reduced working hours. It has tried in different parts of the world on an experimental basis and a few of the organisations have adopted it permanently. Reducing working hours is not a completely a new idea. Over the last century, the working hours have been reduced and it has benefited employees as well as employers. A few key benefits include reduced burnout of employees, higher productivity, reduced carbon footprint and less number of absences. It can also help attract talent in the job market. However it can increase cost of the employer. In addition, it may not be suitable for all industries or employees. in summary, it is one of the viable option and based on the industry, it might be adopted further in the near future.
Who is the most successful driver in Formula 1 history?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the most successful driver in Formula 1 history? ### Response:
The drivers with the most titles in Formula 1 history are Michael Schumacher and Lewis Hamilton, with seven titles each, however, we can measure success in many ways, and we can name other very-successful drivers in Formula 1 history like Ayrton Senna, Sebastian Vettel, Alain Prost and Juan Manuel Fangio.
What is a Hummum
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a Hummum ### Response:
Turkish bath
Can someone drive on Black Bear Road all year?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Can someone drive on Black Bear Road all year? ### Input: Black Bear Road is open a few months of the year, from late summer (usually the last week of July) to early fall. The road is traveled only downhill from Red Mountain Pass — except for the annual Jeeper's Jamboree in which travel is reversed for one day only. The start of the trail was formerly marked along U.S. 550 with a sign that read: ### Response:
Black Bear Road is open a few months of the year, from late summer (usually the last week of July) to early fall. The road is traveled only downhill from Red Mountain Pass — except for the annual Jeeper's Jamboree in which travel is reversed for one day only. The start of the trail was formerly marked along U.S. 550 with a sign that read:
No, it is only open for a few months of the year.
Should I buy a tesla model 3 or tesla model y?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Should I buy a tesla model 3 or tesla model y? ### Response:
It comes down to what your family needs are at end of the day! Model Y has more leg space, more height and good luggage space compared to model 3. Riding comfort is also relatively better on model Y considering it is an SUV. Ultimately it is up-to your personal choice to go with 3 or Y.
Why Phuket is so famous
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why Phuket is so famous ### Response:
Because of island like phi phi, Krabi. Its just stand still mountains inside sea
What are the top 10 television dramas of all time
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the top 10 television dramas of all time ### Response:
1. The Wire 2. The Sopranos 3. Breaking Bad 4. Friday Night Lights 5. NYPD Blue 6. Deadwood 7. Succession 8. The OC 9. Mad Men 10. 90210
What is the best selling book in history?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the best selling book in history? ### Response:
The Bible
what is Kubernetes?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: what is Kubernetes? ### Response:
Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration system for automating software deployment, scaling, and management. Originally designed by Google, the project is now maintained by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation.
What is MACRO-economics?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is MACRO-economics? ### Response:
Macroeconomics can be thought of as the “big picture” of economics. It focuses on aggregate production and consumption in an economy. Topics that macroeconomists might study include: Effects of general taxes such as income and sales taxes on output and prices Causes of economic upswings and downturns Effects of monetary and fiscal policy on economic health Effects of and process for determining interest rates Causes for some economies growing faster than others
Is running a healthy sport?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Is running a healthy sport? ### Response:
If the necessary precautions are taken, running is a healthy sport. Good shoes, adapted to the surface, appropriate clothing, adapted to the weather and drinking enough water are prerequisites. Running reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and improves health. It increases endurance and lowers the resting heart rate. This can already be achieved after 15 minutes of running a day. Running in the nature and the fresh air also has a positive effect on your mind. Running together is a lot of fun and motivating. Try it out
What years did the Patriots win a Super Bowl?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What years did the Patriots win a Super Bowl? ### Response:
The Patriots have won six Super Bowls, in the years, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2014, 2016, and 2018.
Categorize these car models as either 'fully electric', 'hybrid', 'plug-in', 'gasoline': Toyota Camry 2017 SE, Tesla Model 3, Toyota Prius, 2022 Ford Escape Plug-In Hybrid, Rivian
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Categorize these car models as either 'fully electric', 'hybrid', 'plug-in', 'gasoline': Toyota Camry 2017 SE, Tesla Model 3, Toyota Prius, 2022 Ford Escape Plug-In Hybrid, Rivian ### Response:
Tesla cars and Rivian cars are fully electric. Toyota Prius is a hybrid car. 2022 Ford Escape Plug-In Hybrid is plug-in hybrid. Toyota Camry 2017 SE is full gasoline.
Name a Christopher Nolan movie that was remade into an Indian movie.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name a Christopher Nolan movie that was remade into an Indian movie. ### Response:
Ghajini movie in Tamil language was the first Indian unofficial remake of Christopher Nolan's Memento.
A group of friends and putting together a D&D group and would like a balance of ranged and melee character classes. Here are the classes they are considering: Ranger, Rogue, Fighter, Barbarian, Monk, Warlock, Paladin, and Wizard. Please create a dot point list of Ranged and Melee classes in alphabetical order, so that I can share that with my friends.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: A group of friends and putting together a D&D group and would like a balance of ranged and melee character classes. Here are the classes they are considering: Ranger, Rogue, Fighter, Barbarian, Monk, Warlock, Paladin, and Wizard. Please create a dot point list of Ranged and Melee classes in alphabetical order, so that I can share that with my friends. ### Response:
Below is the breakdown of classes, listed in alphabetical order in Melee and Ranged groups. Melee classes: - Barbarian - Fighter - Monk - Paladin - Rogue Ranged classes: - Ranger - Warlock - Wizard
What is Intermittent Fasting?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Intermittent Fasting? ### Input: Intermittent fasting is any of various meal timing schedules that cycle between voluntary fasting (or reduced calorie intake) and non-fasting over a given period.[1][2] Methods of intermittent fasting include alternate-day fasting,[3] periodic fasting, and daily time-restricted feeding. ### Response:
Intermittent fasting is any of various meal timing schedules that cycle between voluntary fasting (or reduced calorie intake) and non-fasting over a given period.[1][2] Methods of intermittent fasting include alternate-day fasting,[3] periodic fasting, and daily time-restricted feeding.
Intermittent fasting is a time-restricted form of meal scheduling to reduce caloric intake by voluntarily abstaining from eating during defined periods. Various fasting methods include daily feeding during restricted time windows, alternate-day fasting, and periodic fasting.
what is quantum computer?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: what is quantum computer? ### Input: A quantum computer is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena. At small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and waves, and quantum computing leverages this behavior using specialized hardware. Classical physics cannot explain the operation of these quantum devices, and a scalable quantum computer could perform some calculations exponentially faster than any modern "classical" computer. In particular, a large-scale quantum computer could break widely used encryption schemes and aid physicists in performing physical simulations; however, the current state of the art is still largely experimental and impractical. ### Response:
A quantum computer is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena. At small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and waves, and quantum computing leverages this behavior using specialized hardware. Classical physics cannot explain the operation of these quantum devices, and a scalable quantum computer could perform some calculations exponentially faster than any modern "classical" computer. In particular, a large-scale quantum computer could break widely used encryption schemes and aid physicists in performing physical simulations; however, the current state of the art is still largely experimental and impractical.
A quantum computer is a computer use quantum mechanical phenomena to conduction the calculation. The current state of the art is still largely experimental a
Who wrote the music for the ballets Firebird and Rites of Spring
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who wrote the music for the ballets Firebird and Rites of Spring ### Response:
Igor Stravinsky
What is MBB and what does it stand for?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is MBB and what does it stand for? ### Input: McKinsey & Company is a global management consulting firm founded in 1926 by University of Chicago professor James O. McKinsey, that offers professional services to corporations, governments, and other organizations. McKinsey is the oldest and largest of the "Big Three" management consultancies (MBB), the world's three largest strategy consulting firms by revenue. The firm mainly focuses on the finances and operations of their clients. Under the leadership of Marvin Bower, McKinsey expanded into Europe during the 1940s and 1950s. In the 1960s, McKinsey's Fred Gluck—along with Boston Consulting Group's Bruce Henderson, Bill Bain at Bain & Company, and Harvard Business School's Michael Porter—transformed corporate culture.[4][5] A 1975 publication by McKinsey's John L. Neuman introduced the business practice of "overhead value analysis" that contributed to a downsizing trend that eliminated many jobs in middle management.[6][7] ### Response:
McKinsey & Company is a global management consulting firm founded in 1926 by University of Chicago professor James O. McKinsey, that offers professional services to corporations, governments, and other organizations. McKinsey is the oldest and largest of the "Big Three" management consultancies (MBB), the world's three largest strategy consulting firms by revenue. The firm mainly focuses on the finances and operations of their clients. Under the leadership of Marvin Bower, McKinsey expanded into Europe during the 1940s and 1950s. In the 1960s, McKinsey's Fred Gluck—along with Boston Consulting Group's Bruce Henderson, Bill Bain at Bain & Company, and Harvard Business School's Michael Porter—transformed corporate culture.[4][5] A 1975 publication by McKinsey's John L. Neuman introduced the business practice of "overhead value analysis" that contributed to a downsizing trend that eliminated many jobs in middle management.[6][7]
MBB is in reference to the "Big Three" management consultancies. From the passage, it isn't clear exactly what it stands for, but McKinsey is included in MBB as it is the oldest and largest of the group.
Why questions boost creativity during brainstorming sessions
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why questions boost creativity during brainstorming sessions ### Response:
A compelling, well-timed question can activate lively discussions and unexpected solutions. A poor question meant as a shortcut to a solution can often get you blank stares and an awkward silence. We’ve all been there! That’s why it’s important that team leaders utilize and prepare creative brainstorming questions that encourage free thinking, creativity, and, yes, even more questions from your team. At face value, facilitating a conversation that creates even more questions might seem like it could lead to wasted time, but it’s actually an effective way to help your team invest in solving the problem at hand and engage in dynamic solutions as a group. Below we cover a wide range of brainstorming questions team leaders can use.
Which epic poem discussed the Trojan Horse?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which epic poem discussed the Trojan Horse? ### Input: The Trojan Horse was a wooden horse said to have been used by the Greeks during the Trojan War to enter the city of Troy and win the war. The Trojan Horse is not mentioned in Homer's Iliad, with the poem ending before the war is concluded, and it is only briefly mentioned in the Odyssey. But in the Aeneid by Virgil, after a fruitless 10-year siege, the Greeks constructed a huge wooden horse at the behest of Odysseus, and hid a select force of men inside, including Odysseus himself. The Greeks pretended to sail away, and the Trojans pulled the horse into their city as a victory trophy. That night, the Greek force crept out of the horse and opened the gates for the rest of the Greek army, which had sailed back under the cover of darkness. The Greeks entered and destroyed the city, ending the war. ### Response:
The Trojan Horse was a wooden horse said to have been used by the Greeks during the Trojan War to enter the city of Troy and win the war. The Trojan Horse is not mentioned in Homer's Iliad, with the poem ending before the war is concluded, and it is only briefly mentioned in the Odyssey. But in the Aeneid by Virgil, after a fruitless 10-year siege, the Greeks constructed a huge wooden horse at the behest of Odysseus, and hid a select force of men inside, including Odysseus himself. The Greeks pretended to sail away, and the Trojans pulled the horse into their city as a victory trophy. That night, the Greek force crept out of the horse and opened the gates for the rest of the Greek army, which had sailed back under the cover of darkness. The Greeks entered and destroyed the city, ending the war.
Odyssey
Why should you get out of your comfort zone?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why should you get out of your comfort zone? ### Response:
Being uncomfortable becomes easier when you realize that’s literally the point. It’s like working out. If you work out & it becomes easy for you, you already got all you could out of that workout. Your body adjusted & is strong enough to handle it now. You’re not improving anymore. That’s why you up the ante with harder workouts, where you’re uncomfortable & not quite strong enough yet. Because eventually you will be strong enough. But if it’s not a challenge, there’s no gain and that’s exactly how it is with situations out of your comfort zone. The more you put yourself in them, the easier they get—but that in-between phase where you’re struggling is still completely valid, ok and natural. It’s what’s supposed to happen and it’s what’s going to change you as a person. And you should keep doing it
in which language does God Jul mean happy Xmas
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: in which language does God Jul mean happy Xmas ### Response:
Swedish
What are some well known movies with Leonardo DiCaprio?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some well known movies with Leonardo DiCaprio? ### Response:
Well known movies with Leonard DiCaprio are Inception, Titanic, The Wolf of Wall Street, and Shutter Island
Name some Japanese words that describe various Japanese art forms.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name some Japanese words that describe various Japanese art forms. ### Response:
Ikebana is the art of flower arranging. Kabuki is a form of traditional Japanese theatre. Origami is the art of folding paper into various shapes, such as animals. Anime is a Japanese form of comic book art. Haiku is a form of Japanese poetry.
Who does Machiavelli believe exemplifies the characteristics of a true prince in The Prince, and why does he hold this belief?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who does Machiavelli believe exemplifies the characteristics of a true prince in The Prince, and why does he hold this belief? ### Response:
In Machiavelli’s, The Prince, Machiavelli describes in great detail the extent to which a true prince should rule their state to ensure complete dominance and obedience of its people. He explains the numerous prerequisites and responsibilities of a prince, in which he exemplifies throughout the text through the different figures, in both positive and negative contexts. Throughout The Prince, one figure, who Machiavelli makes clear he has great respect for, highlighting quite frequently, is Cesare Borgia whom he even refers to with the status comparable to the level of God exclaiming that “there was one man who showed glimpses of greatness... that made you think he was sent by God” (26). Similar rhetoric is frequently used to describe Cesare Borgia throughout the text. In search of who truly exemplifies the characterization of “The Prince,” it can generally seem to be Cesare Borgia from the high praise of Machiavelli, but in reality this is not the case. Rather, the title of “The Prince” belongs to a more subtle figure: Ferdinand of Aragon, the King of Spain. This connection is made because of the numerous contradictions Machiavelli makes in praise of Cesare Borgia and other important figures in the text, while many key characteristics of a true prince that Machiavelli speaks of hold without contradiction for Ferdinand. Machiavelli exemplifies his teachings through Cesare Borgia’s actions seen in chapter 7 when Cesare Borgia conquered the state of Romagna: immediately crushing the opponent using great cruelty, using a scapegoat to thwart the hatred away from him, and finally killing the scapegoat to create a sense of power and fear within the new states inhabitants. These actions, that explain why he is so highly idolized by Machiavelli, do not go without the fact that other fundamental characteristics of Cesare Borgia directly contradict Machiavelli's notion of the most dominant prince. A prime example is in how “Cesare Borgia... acquired his state during the ascendancy of his father, and on its decline he lost it” (7). Inheritance obviously requires significantly less effort compared to creating a new principality. Although Cesare Borgia later conquers new principalities, it can be inferred that a rise to power through his fathers fortune was a significant catalyst and does not exemplify virtues of the ideal prince. Other figures in the book receive similar praise in leadership abilities, but still lack what qualities compare to the ideal prince. These figures include Pope Julius II, whose power is highlighted by Machiavelli in chapter 13 as being consistent more with fortune rather than virtù in his campaign for conquer, Pope Alexander VI, who although displays cunning ability to bring the catholic empire eventual dominance and power, did so with the initial help of being “granted a title and income from the Roman Catholic Church by his uncle Alonso”.1 Many figures follow the same pattern in that they follow many principles exemplified in The Prince, but of course with so many requisites to be a true prince, these figures do not follow the explicit definition of a prince. One figure however, follows Machiavelli’s points very closely and exemplifies the fundamentals of a true prince in his beginnings, leaving almost no flaws in his rise to becoming a true prince: Ferdinand of Aragon. Ferdinand’s characteristics lead him to the title of “The Prince” but a core virtù is what truly sets him apart from the other figures: his rise to power. Almost immediately in The Prince, Machiavelli describes the differences between principalities and emphasizes how maintaining a 1 “Alexander VI.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-VI. new principality is far more difficult than inheritance. This is largely evident in Ferdinand’s rise to leadership in what Machiavelli describes him as “[rising], by fame and glory, from being an insignificant king to be the foremost king in Christendom” (21). Ferdinand demonstrates his cunning deception through his plot for power, “always using religion as a plea, so as to undertake greater schemes, [devoting] himself with pious cruelty to driving out and clearing his kingdom of the Moors” (21). Machiavelli marks this never being “a more admirable example, nor one more rare” in which he uses religion as a cloak of invisibility to deceptively conquer states (21). These natural abilities are what make Ferdinand admirable and what separate him from the rest of the figures in the text. This feeling is shared by Machiavelli exclaiming “that his actions have arisen in such a way, one out of the other, that men have never been given time to work steadily against him” (21).
Give me a proof that the square root of 2 is irrational
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give me a proof that the square root of 2 is irrational ### Response:
Here is a proof by contradiction that the square root of 2 is irrational. First, recall that irrational numbers are numbers that cannot be written as p / q for integers p and q. Assume for contradiction that the square root of 2 is rational, which would mean that sqrt(2) = p / q for some integers p and q. Further assume without loss of generality that this fraction is in reduced form, meaning that p and q share no common factors. We can assume this because any integer fraction can be written in such a reduced form, so the existence of any rational representation for sqrt(2) would imply the existence of one in reduced form. Now we square both sides of the above equation, yielding 2 = p^2 / q^2 for some integers p and q not sharing any common factors. Now multiply by q^2 to get 2 * q^2 = p^2 Note that the left hand side is even due to the factor of 2, so the right hand side p^2 is even as well. This means that p must be even as well, otherwise p^2 would not be even. So p can be written as 2 * x for some integer x. Substituting this into the above equation, we get 2 * q^2 = (2 * x)^2 = 2^2 * x^2 Note that both sides of the equation have a factor of 2 we can cancel. Doing this, we get q^2 = 2 * x^2 By an argument analogous to the one above, we can conclude that q is even. However this contradicts our assumption that p and q shared no common factors. Therefore our initial assumption that sqrt(2) is rational was false, which is what we set out to prove.
what is cricket and why is it popular in Asian countries?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: what is cricket and why is it popular in Asian countries? ### Response:
Cricket is one of the most popular sports in Asian countries. One of the worlds biggest cricket teams are India. The reason for so much popularity is multifold. Top reason is when English invaded South east asia they brought this game to the continent. Originally this game was only played by upper class, and later adopted by other classes as well. To play cricket you need one bat and one ball. Bat will be made up of wood and ball can be either tennis ball or hard ball which is made up of leather. You need a wicket which is 3 sticks and 2 bails on top. One person throws the ball and other person try to protect his wickets with the bat. The length of the wicket is 22 yards. Batsman can hit the ball for runs. To make runs, there are two ways. First is to hit the boundary, which can fetch either 4 or 6 runs. Second way is to run between the wickets and make as many runs as you can. There are other ways to get runs as well, like if its a wide ball or no ball. For a team to win a match, they either have to make more runs then the other team or get them all out before they can make more runs then them. Most popular cricket format is T20, then One day internationals (ODI) and then Test matches. T20 is the shortest form and have 20 overs and 2 innings. ODI has 50 overs and 2 innings. Whereas Test is the longest format and can carry on for 5 days, with 90 overs every day and up to 2 innings per team. Both men and women play cricket. Worlds biggest cricket league is IPL in india. PSL in Pakistan is considered as the second best league. There are 2 cricket worldcups. T20 worldcup is played every 2 years and ODI worldcup is played every 4 years. There is also World Test and ODI championship as well, which is player every year.
Who is the greatest NBA player of all time?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the greatest NBA player of all time? ### Response:
The debate regarding who is the greatest NBA player of all time generally revolves around defining what criteria should be used to rank basketball players. Factors such as number of championships won, individual accolades, career statistics, longevity, and the level to which a player's level of play dominated over their contemporaries are common criteria for determining who is the greatest NBA player of all time. However, this question is complicated by others who state that comparing players across different generations is not possible, and thus the debate should be focused on who is the greatest player within a given generation. The NBA.com website states that "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time". Jordan's perfect record in the finals, dominance over contemporaries (many of whom did not win any championships during the years Jordan was active), and holding the highest career regular season scoring average are often used to justify his status as the greatest NBA player of all time. Other frequently mentioned greats include Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Wilt Chamberlain, and LeBron James.
Describe a plan for training to compete in a long distance gravel cycling event, including nutrition, preparation, and recovery requirements. Your plan should include a timeline and be relevant to someone who works a full time job.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Describe a plan for training to compete in a long distance gravel cycling event, including nutrition, preparation, and recovery requirements. Your plan should include a timeline and be relevant to someone who works a full time job. ### Response:
General guidelines call for four rides a week but no less than three days a week. Your overall weekly training time commitment will vary, as you professional demands permit, but will increase as you get closer to your event. In the early stages of your training, expect to spend about six to eight hours on your bike each week. Many part time riders with full time work commitments will be looking at a few weeks of eight to 10 hours of riding time, the bulk of which will come from your long rides. During the week, your rides will be shorter, but a little bit harder. Typically those who work and train for long distance riding events perform measured short distance rides in the early morning before work or mid-afternoon during breaks. On the weekends (or whenever you have days off), they’ll be longer and a bit easier. Recovery and nutrition will be important for non-ride days Most people in training benefit from a recovery drink after hard workouts, eating plenty of fruits and veggies, drinking lots of water, meditating, and practicing yoga, along with flushing her legs with self-massage tools and foam rollers. It is important to get a good nights sleep. Bedtime is prime time for bone, muscle, hormone, and immune system restoration. Do allow for seven to eight hours of sleep per night. The following lead time is generally required for each time of event: If you are training for event in the 50- to 75-mile range, you'll want to begin training at least six to eight weeks in advance. If you’re training for anything in the 100-plus range, allow 10 to 12 weeks. If you’re preparing for an event in the 200-mile range, begin training 16 weeks out. A typical training week should include the three types of targeted training, plus one or two days of cross training (strength and core training) and rest days Before your event, you will want to be within 75% to 80% of miles and elevation required for the event with the final week before your event tapering off to rides at 20-25% of length compared to the event.
Did Neo take the blue pill or the red pill?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Did Neo take the blue pill or the red pill? ### Response:
Neo took the red pill in the first The Matrix movie.
What’s the difference between Spark Streaming and Spark Structured Streaming? What should I use?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What’s the difference between Spark Streaming and Spark Structured Streaming? What should I use? ### Response:
Spark Streaming is the previous generation of Spark’s streaming engine. There are no longer updates to Spark Streaming and it’s a legacy project. Spark Streaming provides a high-level abstraction called discretized stream or DStream, which represents a continuous stream of data. Internally, a DStream is represented as a sequence of RDDs. Spark Structured Streaming is the current generation of Spark’s streaming engine, which is richer in functionality, easier to use, and more scalable. Spark Structured Streaming is built on top of the Spark SQL engine and enables you to express streaming computation the same way you express a batch computation on static data. You should use Spark Structured Streaming for building streaming applications and pipelines with Spark. If you have legacy applications and pipelines built on Spark Streaming, you should migrate them to Spark Structured Streaming.
Give me a list of the most interesting moons in our solar system
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give me a list of the most interesting moons in our solar system ### Response:
- Ganymede: Bigger than the planet Mercury, the largest moon in the solar system contains subsurface oceans that could be capable of supporting life. - Titan: The second largest moon in the solar system and the only celestial body other than Earth to have both a substantial atmosphere and bodies of surface water. - Io: This moon of Jupiter is so full of volcanos that it is the most geologically active and lowest water ratio object in the solar system. - Callisto: May be the oldest surface in the solar system. With a thin atmosphere and no geothermal activity its surface is defined by the many impact craters it has accumulated over time. - Europa: The smallest moon of Jupiter contains a subsurface layer of saltwater ocean that could also support life. It also has plumes of water that are several miles high. - Mimas: This moon of Saturn has a massive crater that makes it look like the Death Star from Star Wars.
Extract names of all weapons mentioned in the paragraph below:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Extract names of all weapons mentioned in the paragraph below: ### Input: In the late 18th century, French General Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval promoted standardized weapons in what became known as the Système Gribeauval after it was issued as a royal order in 1765. (Its focus at the time was artillery more than muskets or handguns.) One of the accomplishments of the system was that solid cast cannons were bored to precise tolerances, which allowed the walls to be thinner than cannons poured with hollow cores. However, because cores were often off center, the wall thickness determined the size of the bore. Standardized boring allowed cannons to be shorter without sacrificing accuracy and range because of the tighter fit of the shells. It also allowed standardization of the shells. ### Response:
In the late 18th century, French General Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval promoted standardized weapons in what became known as the Système Gribeauval after it was issued as a royal order in 1765. (Its focus at the time was artillery more than muskets or handguns.) One of the accomplishments of the system was that solid cast cannons were bored to precise tolerances, which allowed the walls to be thinner than cannons poured with hollow cores. However, because cores were often off center, the wall thickness determined the size of the bore. Standardized boring allowed cannons to be shorter without sacrificing accuracy and range because of the tighter fit of the shells. It also allowed standardization of the shells.
The following are names of weapons in the paragraph above: artillery, muskets, handguns, cannons, shells
Why does Israel offer huge discounts to Chicago Booth students' spring break trips?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why does Israel offer huge discounts to Chicago Booth students' spring break trips? ### Response:
Israel wants to sell their country to potential future leaders of the U.S. They know that we write them hefty checks every year and they don't want that to stop. Israel knows that by taking Chicago Booth students around their country and providing a narrative from a Jew's perspective, will likely get them to see their point of view and be on their side in the future. It's actually quite a smart initiative.
When was the first episode of the TV show, The X-Files?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the first episode of the TV show, The X-Files? ### Response:
The first episode of The X-Files, titled "Pilot," September 10, 1993
Give me a list of adjectives that describe the ideal friend.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give me a list of adjectives that describe the ideal friend. ### Response:
A great friend would be trustworthy, honest, loyal, funny, humble, smart, empathetic, and beautiful.
What is Chromosomal Deletion Syndrome?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Chromosomal Deletion Syndrome? ### Input: Chromosomal deletion syndromes result from deletion of parts of chromosomes. Depending on the location, size, and whom the deletion is inherited from, there are a few known different variations of chromosome deletions. Chromosomal deletion syndromes typically involve larger deletions that are visible using karyotyping techniques. Smaller deletions result in Microdeletion syndrome, which are detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) Examples of chromosomal deletion syndromes include 5p-Deletion (cri du chat syndrome), 4p-Deletion (Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome), Prader–Willi syndrome, and Angelman syndrome. ### Response:
Chromosomal deletion syndromes result from deletion of parts of chromosomes. Depending on the location, size, and whom the deletion is inherited from, there are a few known different variations of chromosome deletions. Chromosomal deletion syndromes typically involve larger deletions that are visible using karyotyping techniques. Smaller deletions result in Microdeletion syndrome, which are detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) Examples of chromosomal deletion syndromes include 5p-Deletion (cri du chat syndrome), 4p-Deletion (Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome), Prader–Willi syndrome, and Angelman syndrome.
Chromosomal deletion syndromes result from deletion of parts of chromosomes. Depending on the location, size, and whom the deletion is inherited from, there are a few known different variations of chromosome deletions. Chromosomal deletion syndromes typically involve larger deletions that are visible using karyotyping techniques. Smaller deletions result in Microdeletion syndrome, which are detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) Examples of chromosomal deletion syndromes include 5p-Deletion (cri du chat syndrome), 4p-Deletion (Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome), Prader–Willi syndrome, and Angelman syndrome. The chromosomal basis of Cri du chat syndrome consists of a deletion of the most terminal portion of the short arm of chromosome 5. 5p deletions, whether terminal or interstitial, occur at different breakpoints; the chromosomal basis generally consists of a deletion on the short arm of chromosome 5. The variability seen among individuals may be attributed to the differences in their genotypes. With an incidence of 1 in 15,000 to 1 in 50,000 live births, it is suggested to be one of the most common contiguous gene deletion disorders. 5p deletions are most common de novo occurrences, which are paternal in origin in 80–90% of cases, possibly arising from chromosome breakage during gamete formation in males. Some examples of the possible dysmorphic features include: downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, microcephaly, low-set ears, preauricular tags, round faces, short neck, micrognathia, and dental malocclusionhypertelorism, epicanthal folds, downturned corners of the mouth. There is no specific correlation found between size of deletion and severity of clinical features because the results vary so widely. The chromosomal basis of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) consists of a deletion of the most terminal portion of the short arm of chromosome 4. The deleted segment of reported individuals represent about one half of the p arm, occurring distal to the bands 4p15.1-p15.2. The proximal boundary of the WHSCR was defined by a 1.9 megabase terminal deletion of 4p16.3. This allele includes the proposed candidate genes LEMT1 and WHSC1. This was identified by two individuals that exhibited all 4 components of the core WHS phenotype, which allowed scientists to trace the loci of the deleted genes. Many reports are particularly striking in the appearance of the craniofacial structure (prominent forehead, hypertelorism, the wide bridge of the nose continuing to the forehead) which has led to the descriptive term “Greek warrior helmet appearance". There is wide evidence that the WHS core phenotype (growth delay, intellectual disability, seizures, and distinctive craniofacial features) is due to haploinsufficiency of several closely linked genes as opposed to a single gene. Related genes that impact variation include: WHSC1 spans a 90-kb genomic region, two-thirds of which maps in the telomeric end of the WHCR; WHSC1 may play a significant role in normal development. Its deletion likely contributes to the WHS phenotype. However, variation in severity and phenotype of WHS suggests possible roles for genes that lie proximally and distally to the WHSCR. WHSC2 (also known as NELF-A) is involved in multiple aspects of mRNA processing and the cell cycle SLBP, a gene encoding Stem Loop Binding Protein, resides telomeric to WHSC2, and plays a crucial role in regulating histone synthesis and availability during S phase. LETM1 has initially been proposed as a candidate gene for seizures; it functions in ion exchange with potential roles in cell signaling and energy production. FGFRL1, encoding a putative fibroblast growth factor decoy receptor, has been implicated in the craniofacial phenotype and potentially other skeletal features, and short stature of WHS. CPLX1 has lately been suggested as a potential candidate gene for epilepsy in WHS. Prader–Willi (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are distinct neurogenetic disorders caused by chromosomal deletions, uniparental disomy or loss of the imprinted gene expression in the 15q11-q13 region. Whether an individual exhibits PWS or AS depends on if there is a lack of the paternally expressed gene to contribute to the region.[citation needed] PWS is frequently found to be the reason for secondary obesity due to early onset hyperphagia - the abnormal increase in appetite for consumption of food. There are known three molecular causes of Prader–Willi syndrome development. One of them consists in micro-deletions of the chromosome region 15q11–q13. 70% of patients present a 5–7-Mb de novo deletion in the proximal region of the paternal chromosome 15. The second frequent genetic abnormality (~ 25–30% of cases) is maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15. The mechanism is due to maternal meiotic non-disjunction followed by mitotic loss of the paternal chromosome 15 after fertilization. The third cause for PWS is the disruption of the imprinting process on the paternally inherited chromosome 15 (epigenetic phenomena). This disruption is present in approximately 2–5% of affected individuals. Less than 20% of individuals with an imprinting defect are found to have a very small deletion in the PWS imprinting centre region, located at the 5′ end of the SNRPN gene. AS is a severe debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mental retardation, speech impairment, seizures, motor dysfunction, and a high prevalence of autism. The paternal origin of the genetic material that is affected in the syndrome is important because the particular region of chromosome 15 involved is subject to parent-of-origin imprinting, meaning that for a number of genes in this region, only one copy of the gene is expressed while the other is silenced through imprinting. For the genes affected in PWS, it is the maternal copy that is usually imprinted (and thus is silenced), while the mutated paternal copy is not functional.
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Atom, Hank Pym
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Atom, Hank Pym ### Response:
Hank Pym is Marvel, Atom is DC
Write a motivating note to a friend who wants to lose weight
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Write a motivating note to a friend who wants to lose weight ### Response:
There are three parts to achieving any goal you set for yourself: 1. Vision : Visualize your ideal end goal (lose 25 pounds!) 2. Action : Set up a daily plan of action (walk every day for 60 minutes, give up ice cream) 3. Celebration : Plan an amazing celebration when you reach your goal (and yes, with ice cream!)
What genre did Taylor Swift begin her career in?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What genre did Taylor Swift begin her career in? ### Response:
Taylor Swift began her career as a country artist
Give a list of the parts of your physical appearance you would want to change?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give a list of the parts of your physical appearance you would want to change? ### Response:
Height, lips, nose, eye color, hair color, tattoo removed, weight, muscle, jaw line, eyebrows, cellulite, stomach, veins, wrinkles
Given a reference text about Tom Cruise, tell me when they were born and what they are famous for.
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Given a reference text about Tom Cruise, tell me when they were born and what they are famous for. ### Input: Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (born July 3, 1962) is an American actor and producer. One of the world's highest-paid actors,[1] he has received various accolades, including an Honorary Palme d'Or and three Golden Globe Awards, in addition to nominations for four Academy Awards. His films have grossed over $4 billion in North America and over $11.5 billion worldwide,[2] making him one of the highest-grossing box-office stars of all time.[3] ### Response:
Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (born July 3, 1962) is an American actor and producer. One of the world's highest-paid actors,[1] he has received various accolades, including an Honorary Palme d'Or and three Golden Globe Awards, in addition to nominations for four Academy Awards. His films have grossed over $4 billion in North America and over $11.5 billion worldwide,[2] making him one of the highest-grossing box-office stars of all time.[3]
Tom Cruise was born on July 3rd, 1962. He is famous for being an American actor and producer and winning three golden globes.
Please extract a list from this paragraph of the brain regions impacted by alcohol-related dementia and separate them using commas.
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Please extract a list from this paragraph of the brain regions impacted by alcohol-related dementia and separate them using commas. ### Input: Alcohol-related dementia, also called alcohol-related brain damage, occurs as a result of excessive use of alcohol particularly as a substance abuse disorder. Different factors can be involved in this development including thiamine deficiency and age vulnerability.[75][76] A degree of brain damage is seen in more than 70% of those with alcohol use disorder. Brain regions affected are similar to those that are affected by aging, and also by Alzheimer's disease. Regions showing loss of volume include the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, as well as the cerebellum, thalamus, and hippocampus.[76] This loss can be more notable, with greater cognitive impairments seen in those aged 65 years and older.[76] ### Response:
Alcohol-related dementia, also called alcohol-related brain damage, occurs as a result of excessive use of alcohol particularly as a substance abuse disorder. Different factors can be involved in this development including thiamine deficiency and age vulnerability.[75][76] A degree of brain damage is seen in more than 70% of those with alcohol use disorder. Brain regions affected are similar to those that are affected by aging, and also by Alzheimer's disease. Regions showing loss of volume include the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, as well as the cerebellum, thalamus, and hippocampus.[76] This loss can be more notable, with greater cognitive impairments seen in those aged 65 years and older.[76]
frontal, temporal, parietal, cerebellum, thalamus, hippocampus
Name some famous Bollywood actors?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name some famous Bollywood actors? ### Response:
Some of famous Bollywood actors are Shah Rukh Khan, Salman Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Aamir Khan etc.
In football, if touchdowns is the main way to get points, why can't the quarterback always throw the ball to the end zone every time?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In football, if touchdowns is the main way to get points, why can't the quarterback always throw the ball to the end zone every time? ### Response:
To win at the game of American football, points are scored by touchdowns and kicking field goals, primarily. At a simplistic level, it might appear that throwing the ball to the end zone at every opportunity is the straight forward strategy. However, if one did that, then the defense would adjust and accordingly defend. Also, typically the team has to move the ball 75 to 80 yards to the end zone. Only a few strong armed quarterbacks can throw that far. Even fewer can do it under pressure. The other main issue is that there is a very low chance of completing the pass. So, smart teams and coaches, use a variety of strategies of both throwing the ball different distances, running the ball, and based on distance, kicking field goals. One of the key strategies is to mix it up, so that there is an element of surprise and the defense is caught off-guard.
What is man's best friend?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is man's best friend? ### Response:
Man's best friends usually refers to a dog or it is a way to refer to a domestic dog. This phrase refers to many traits that dogs exhibit such as: loyalty, companionship, and friendship. They never stop loving, and do not have an ability to feel hate or show hate as people interpret it. Any behavior that looks opposite of "Man's Best Friend" could be as a result of neglect or animal abuse.
From the passage provided, extract the population of Bainbridge Island
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the population of Bainbridge Island ### Input: Bainbridge Island is a city and island in Kitsap County, Washington. It is located in Puget Sound. The population was 23,025 at the 2010 census[8] and an estimated 25,298 in 2019,[9] making Bainbridge Island the second largest city in Kitsap County. The island is separated from the Kitsap Peninsula by Port Orchard, with Bremerton lying to the southwest. Bainbridge Island is a suburb of Seattle, connected via the Washington State Ferries system and to Poulsbo and the Suquamish Indian Reservation by State Route 305, which uses the Agate Pass Bridge. ### Response:
Bainbridge Island is a city and island in Kitsap County, Washington. It is located in Puget Sound. The population was 23,025 at the 2010 census[8] and an estimated 25,298 in 2019,[9] making Bainbridge Island the second largest city in Kitsap County. The island is separated from the Kitsap Peninsula by Port Orchard, with Bremerton lying to the southwest. Bainbridge Island is a suburb of Seattle, connected via the Washington State Ferries system and to Poulsbo and the Suquamish Indian Reservation by State Route 305, which uses the Agate Pass Bridge.
The population was 23,025 at the 2010 census
Right data distribution strategy for Azure Synapse
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Right data distribution strategy for Azure Synapse ### Response:
A round-robin table to create and delivers fast performance tables when used as a staging table for loads. Hashing by distribution column then dictates how the data is spread across the underlying distributions Replication is very good for small lookup tables or dimension tables that are frequently joined with other big tables.
Name some celebrities who have been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name some celebrities who have been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. ### Response:
Jack Osbourne, Selma Blair, Jason DaSilva, Richard Pryor
Who are the most famous English writers?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who are the most famous English writers? ### Response:
- William Shakespeare - Charles Dickens - Jane Austen - George Orwell - C. S. Lewis
What is OAuth 2.0?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is OAuth 2.0? ### Response:
OAuth 2.0, which stands for “Open Authorization”, is a standard designed to allow a website or application to access resources hosted by other web apps on behalf of a user. It replaced OAuth 1.0 in 2012 and is now the de facto industry standard for online authorization.
Why are so many movies and tv shows merely recycled stories from previously successful stories ?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why are so many movies and tv shows merely recycled stories from previously successful stories ? ### Response:
One theory has to do with the increase of streaming choices and that the volume and frequency of new content means that it’s difficult to produce entirely unique stories.
Why do people prefer Windows over Linux?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why do people prefer Windows over Linux? ### Response:
While Linux is more commonly used in servers and supercomputers, and Windows is more popular among personal computers, both have their own advantages and disadvantages. Windows is generally considered to be easier to use, while Linux is known for its stability and security.
Given this paragraph about Mass–energy equivalence, tell me what each part of the equation E=mc² stands for.
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Given this paragraph about Mass–energy equivalence, tell me what each part of the equation E=mc² stands for. ### Input: The formula defines the energy E of a particle in its rest frame as the product of mass (m) with the speed of light squared (c2). Because the speed of light is a large number in everyday units (approximately 300000 km/s or 186000 mi/s), the formula implies that a small amount of "rest mass", measured when the system is at rest, corresponds to an enormous amount of energy, which is independent of the composition of the matter. ### Response:
The formula defines the energy E of a particle in its rest frame as the product of mass (m) with the speed of light squared (c2). Because the speed of light is a large number in everyday units (approximately 300000 km/s or 186000 mi/s), the formula implies that a small amount of "rest mass", measured when the system is at rest, corresponds to an enormous amount of energy, which is independent of the composition of the matter.
E is for energy, m is for mass, and c² is for the speed of light squared
How many NBA championships does Lebron James have?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many NBA championships does Lebron James have? ### Response:
4 nba championships
Why is Cricket so popular ?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why is Cricket so popular ? ### Response:
Cricket is a very popular game and is the second most viewed sport in the world. It has a fan following of over 2.5 billion people. Cricket is believed to have first started in England and is believed to have spread among the British colonies of the old during their rule. Hence in addition to England it is very popular in South Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand and many other Asian countries.
Is Linux Unix?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Is Linux Unix? ### Response:
Officially an operating system is not allowed to be called a Unix until it passes the Open Group's certification tests, and supports the necessary API's. Nobody has yet stepped forward to pay the large fees that certification involves, so we're not allowed to call it Unix. Certification really doesn't mean very much anyway. Very few of the commercial operating systems have passed the Open Group tests. Unofficially, Linux is very similar to the operating systems which are known as Unix, and for many purposes they are equivalent. Linux the kernel is an operating system kernel that behaves and performs similarly to the famous Unix operating system from AT&T Bell Labs. Linux is often called a "Unix-like" operating system. For more information, see http://www.unix-systems.org/what_is_unix.html.
Which of the following are considered hobbies: painting, hiking, rock climbing, peapod, bears, horse riding, chess, emails, clogs, board games, button, sewing, water bottle, keyboard, reading, soccer
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which of the following are considered hobbies: painting, hiking, rock climbing, peapod, bears, horse riding, chess, emails, clogs, board games, button, sewing, water bottle, keyboard, reading, soccer ### Response:
painting, hiking, rock climbing, horse riding, chess, board games, reading, soccer
How to make a cup of yummy chai?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How to make a cup of yummy chai? ### Response:
Boil a cup of water, add a slice of ginger and some mint leaves. After a few minutes, add a table spoon of tea leaves and then finally add milk and sugar per taste. Boil for two minutes. Finally, filter the chai using a strainer. Voila!
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Ainu fiddle, Apito
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Ainu fiddle, Apito ### Response:
Apito is percussion, Ainu fiddle is string.
Why are most plants green?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why are most plants green? ### Response:
Plants and algae are green due to a vital energy producing pigment in their leaves called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll molecules absorb light energy across the electromagnetic spectrum of sunshine but reflect light in the green part of the spectrum. As a result, plants appear to be green to human eyes. As an interesting side note, many animals and insects can see beyond the visible light spectrum that human's can see so that they may not view plants as being what we call 'green'.
How does the federal government of the USA implement separation of powers?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does the federal government of the USA implement separation of powers? ### Response:
To maintain separation of powers, the US federal government has three branches that each maintain separate and independent powers: judicial, executive, legislative
If you were a waiter and had a rude customer, what would you do?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: If you were a waiter and had a rude customer, what would you do? ### Response:
If I was a waiter and had a rude customer, first I would see what I could do to help the customer. I would try to get to the bottom of this customer's needs by asking questions to understand if they were unhappy with the service or just having a bad day. If I was able to help improve the service we were offering, I would attempt to rectify the situation. If the person was just having a bad day, I would try to make it make their day better by offering better service. I would also understand that sometimes people are rude, and I would not let it impact my day. Its better to put good vibes into the world and provide great service.
Who was the coach for the Chicago Bulls when they won the NBA championship?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who was the coach for the Chicago Bulls when they won the NBA championship? ### Response:
Phil Jackson was the head coach of the Chicago Bulls and led them through 6 NBA championships.
Who is god
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is god ### Response:
I think Sun is good, If sun does not rise we all will be die,
What is the etymology of the word cookie?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the etymology of the word cookie? ### Input: The word cookie dates from at least 1701 in Scottish usage where the word meant "plain bun", rather than thin baked good, and so it is not certain whether it is the same word. From 1808, the word "cookie" is attested "...in the sense of "small, flat, sweet cake" in American English. The American use is derived from Dutch koekje "little cake," which is a diminutive of "koek" ("cake"), which came from the Middle Dutch word "koke".[6] Another claim is that the American name derives from the Dutch word koekje or more precisely its informal, dialect variant koekie[7] which means little cake, and arrived in American English with the Dutch settlement of New Netherland, in the early 1600s.[8] ### Response:
The word cookie dates from at least 1701 in Scottish usage where the word meant "plain bun", rather than thin baked good, and so it is not certain whether it is the same word. From 1808, the word "cookie" is attested "...in the sense of "small, flat, sweet cake" in American English. The American use is derived from Dutch koekje "little cake," which is a diminutive of "koek" ("cake"), which came from the Middle Dutch word "koke".[6] Another claim is that the American name derives from the Dutch word koekje or more precisely its informal, dialect variant koekie[7] which means little cake, and arrived in American English with the Dutch settlement of New Netherland, in the early 1600s.[8]
The earliest known usage of the work cookie comes from 1701 in Scotland, where it meant "plain bun". Starting in 1808 the term was associated with small, flat, sweet cakes as part of American English, which is believed to be derived from the Dutch word keokie.
How long is the Georgia State Route 49
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long is the Georgia State Route 49 ### Input: State Route 49 (SR 49) is a 122.8-mile-long (197.6 km) state highway that travels southwest-to-northeast through portions of Terrell, Sumter, Macon, Peach, Houston, Bibb, Jones, and Baldwin counties, mainly in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects SR 45 north of Dawson to SR 22/SR 24 in Milledgeville. The segment from Fort Valley to Byron is part of the Fall Line Freeway, a highway that connects Columbia to Augusta. It may also be incorporated into the proposed eastern extension of Interstate 14 (I-14), which is currently entirely in Central Texas, and may be extended into Augusta. ### Response:
State Route 49 (SR 49) is a 122.8-mile-long (197.6 km) state highway that travels southwest-to-northeast through portions of Terrell, Sumter, Macon, Peach, Houston, Bibb, Jones, and Baldwin counties, mainly in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects SR 45 north of Dawson to SR 22/SR 24 in Milledgeville. The segment from Fort Valley to Byron is part of the Fall Line Freeway, a highway that connects Columbia to Augusta. It may also be incorporated into the proposed eastern extension of Interstate 14 (I-14), which is currently entirely in Central Texas, and may be extended into Augusta.
The Georgia State Route 49 (SR 49) is a 122.8-mile-long (197.6 km) state highway that travels southwest-to-northeast through portions of Terrell, Sumter, Macon, Peach, Houston, Bibb, Jones, and Baldwin counties, mainly in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects SR 45 north of Dawson to SR 22/SR 24 in Milledgeville. The segment from Fort Valley to Byron is part of the Fall Line Freeway, a highway that connects Columbia to Augusta. It may also be incorporated into the proposed eastern extension of Interstate 14 (I-14), which is currently entirely in Central Texas, and may be extended into Augusta.
Why does the US Federal Reserve raise interest rates?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why does the US Federal Reserve raise interest rates? ### Response:
One of the primary roles of the US Federal Reserve is to control the supply of money within the economy. During times when the economy is doing incredibly well, a.k.a. running hot or facing inflation (rise of prices of goods and services), the Federal Reserve will need to reduce the supply of money by increasing the cost of borrowing. The primary lever to increase the cost of borrowing is by increasing the Federal Funds rate (the rate for banks to borrow and lend their excess reserves to meet liquidity requirements). Increasing the Federal Funds rate results in more expensive borrowing costs, which can reduce demand among banks to borrow money. Less money is borrowed to help fund the economy resulting in a reduction in purchasing power and the money supply. This will slow down the pace of economic growth and help ease inflation.
Classify each of the following animals as ectothermic or endothermic: alligator, snake, frog, goat, human, gorilla
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each of the following animals as ectothermic or endothermic: alligator, snake, frog, goat, human, gorilla ### Response:
Alligator: Ectothermic Snake: Ectothermic Frog: Ectothermic Goat: Endothermic Human: Endothermic Gorilla: Endothermic
Write an friendly, convincing e-mail to my landlord asking whether I can get a dog.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Write an friendly, convincing e-mail to my landlord asking whether I can get a dog. ### Response:
Dear Sir/Madam, I hope this email finds you well. I'm reaching out with a request regarding the property I rent from you. I'm interested in getting myself a dog and I noticed there wasn't a clause in our rental agreement specifying if this was allowed or not so I would like to consult you about that. I work from home most days of the week and have a very laidback lifestyle, so I'm looking for a dog that can keep me company but also take me out of the house for walks. I'm looking into a small breed that is also calm and friendly - likely a french bulldog. They are easy to train and known for spending most of their day sleeping, this is also a very quiet breed that doesn't have a lot of complains of barking. Is that something you would permit? I am also happy to hop on a call or meet in person to discuss further in case you have any follow-up questions. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Kind regards
Classify each of the following as old or young: baby, child, grandma, elderly, grandpa, octogenarian, infant
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each of the following as old or young: baby, child, grandma, elderly, grandpa, octogenarian, infant ### Response:
Baby: Young Child: Young Grandma: Old Elderly: Old Grandpa: Old Octogenarian: Old Infant: Young
Write a letter to a home seller named Ms Johnson explaining why we are interested in purchasing her home. We are a person from Washington and a person from Colorado. Focus on the natural beauty of the home, the location, and the extra space for pottery and woodworking.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Write a letter to a home seller named Ms Johnson explaining why we are interested in purchasing her home. We are a person from Washington and a person from Colorado. Focus on the natural beauty of the home, the location, and the extra space for pottery and woodworking. ### Response:
Dear Ms. Johnson, We recently made the decision to relocate and feel that your property will be the perfect place for us to begin our new chapter. It is clear to see the care and attention you have put into expanding and maintaining this home over the years and we look forward to continuing to do the same as homeowners. I am originally from Washington, and my partner is from Colorado. We met in college and have grown our life out of state together for the past twelve years. The last two years have given us more flexibility and helped us realize that what is most important to us is building a home together where we feel safe and close to family, but also inspired and fulfilled. We feel that is exactly what your home will bring to our lives. The unique, natural design of the house and the stunning and spacious lot provide both an immediately comfortable home with room to grow over the years. We look forward to building out the garage with a woodworking shop, setting up the artist shed on the river as a pottery studio, cooking meals for friends and family in the wonderful kitchen, and finding a perfect spot in the yard for a vegetable garden. We want to care and tend this home much as you have for the years you have lived here, and we sincerely appreciate being considered as the next owners of this beautiful property.
Write a review of your stay in a AirBnB in Rome that had a great location but poor amenities that is overall a neutral review
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Write a review of your stay in a AirBnB in Rome that had a great location but poor amenities that is overall a neutral review ### Response:
A perfectly fine place to stay. Had a really great location - we were able to get to the Colosseum, Pantheon and Roman Forum all within walking distance, and there were lots of great little restaurants and cafes we were able to visit. We felt very safe in the neighborhood, and would definitely stay in this area again. The apartment itself was just okay, with not so amazing furniture and the most basic amenities (eg very few spoons, knives and forks, mismatched bowls and such). Definitely a better place for if you are mostly going to eat out for most meals. Overall, 4/5 stars
In which century was Denis Thériault born?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In which century was Denis Thériault born? ### Input: Denis Thériault (born August 24, 1959) is a Canadian author, playwright and screenwriter of French-Canadian descent.. ### Response:
Denis Thériault (born August 24, 1959) is a Canadian author, playwright and screenwriter of French-Canadian descent..
The 20th century
What is the city of Portsmouth in England famous for?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the city of Portsmouth in England famous for? ### Response:
Portsmouth is a coastal town in the south of England only connected to the mainland by three road bridges built over the sea. Portsmouth has a long and well documented history that is closely associated with the Royal Navy, who are headquartered there, and the sea faring exploits of the British have shaped the modern day culture we see there today. Ship building and Engineering industries are most prevalent in Portsmouth with the local "super" Hospital and University also being amongst the largest employers. It is also worth noting that the local football club is well supported by the community and is famous throughout the English Football Leagues for the passion and commitment shown by their fans - particularly when they travel for away fixtures.
How many iron atoms are in a single molecule of the main component substance of ironsand?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many iron atoms are in a single molecule of the main component substance of ironsand? ### Input: Ironsand, also known as iron-sand or iron sand, is a type of sand with heavy concentrations of iron. It is typically dark grey or blackish in colour. It is composed mainly of magnetite, Fe3O4, and also contains small amounts of titanium, silica, manganese, calcium and vanadium.[1] Ironsand has a tendency to heat up in direct sunlight, causing temperatures high enough to cause minor burns. As such it forms a hazard in New Zealand at popular west-coast surf beaches such as Piha.[2] ### Response:
Ironsand, also known as iron-sand or iron sand, is a type of sand with heavy concentrations of iron. It is typically dark grey or blackish in colour. It is composed mainly of magnetite, Fe3O4, and also contains small amounts of titanium, silica, manganese, calcium and vanadium.[1] Ironsand has a tendency to heat up in direct sunlight, causing temperatures high enough to cause minor burns. As such it forms a hazard in New Zealand at popular west-coast surf beaches such as Piha.[2]
The main component of ironsand is magnetite, which has chemical formula Fe3O4. Because Fe is the chemical symbol for iron and it is followed by a 3 in this formula, there are 3 iron atoms per magnetite molecule.
Suggest an allocation to implement a three portfolio strategy as described in the text below
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Suggest an allocation to implement a three portfolio strategy as described in the text below ### Input: A three-fund portfolio is based on the fundamental asset classes, stocks and bonds. It is assumed that cash is not counted within the investment portfolio, so it is not included. On the other hand, it is assumed that every investor should hold both domestic and international stocks. The task, then, is to take these three basic non-cash assets — domestic stocks, international stocks, and bonds — decide how much of each to hold (your asset allocation); choose where to hold each of these asset classes, and finally choose a mutual fund to use for each asset class. ### Response:
A three-fund portfolio is based on the fundamental asset classes, stocks and bonds. It is assumed that cash is not counted within the investment portfolio, so it is not included. On the other hand, it is assumed that every investor should hold both domestic and international stocks. The task, then, is to take these three basic non-cash assets — domestic stocks, international stocks, and bonds — decide how much of each to hold (your asset allocation); choose where to hold each of these asset classes, and finally choose a mutual fund to use for each asset class.
From Vanguard's list of "core funds," the funds that are best for a three-fund portfolio are: Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund (VTSAX) Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund (VTIAX) Vanguard Total Bond Market Fund (VBTLX) So, a "three-fund portfolio" might consist of 42% Total Stock Market Index, 18% Total International Stock Index, and 40% Total Bond Market fund.
what is kangen water?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: what is kangen water? ### Response:
Kangen water is alkaline ionized water produced through a process called electrolysis. Kangen water is also referred to electrolyzed reduced water. This water is characterized by an large negative oxidation reduction potential and a potential hydrogen level > 7.0 making the water alkaline. It is also infused with molecular hydrogen in the amount of 1 - 1.5 parts per million per gallon of water produced. This infused hydrogen has been shown to be a very good anti-inflammatory for the body.
Who is the best baseball player of all time?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the best baseball player of all time? ### Response:
There is no single answer to this question. The most common candidates are Babe Ruth, Barry Bonds, Willie Mays, or Hank Aaron.
What does percolate mean?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does percolate mean? ### Response:
Percolation is a way to filter a fluid or other substance through a porous filter media. Substances that can be percolated are water, coffee, etc. The trickling effect of these substances through a porous media implies what comes out of the filter media is better tasting than what was before the filter media. It can also mean it has better quality, less contamination, or reduce acidity.
Given the following paragraph about a film, who directed "Our War"?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Given the following paragraph about a film, who directed "Our War"? ### Input: Our War (Italian: La nostra guerra) is a 2016 Italian-American documentary film directed by Bruno Chiaravalloti, Claudio Jampaglia and Benedetta Argentieri. It premiered out of competition at the 73rd edition of the Venice Film Festival. It tells the story of three foreign fighters joining the Kurdish forces to fight Deash.[1][2] ### Response:
Our War (Italian: La nostra guerra) is a 2016 Italian-American documentary film directed by Bruno Chiaravalloti, Claudio Jampaglia and Benedetta Argentieri. It premiered out of competition at the 73rd edition of the Venice Film Festival. It tells the story of three foreign fighters joining the Kurdish forces to fight Deash.[1][2]
Bruno Chiaravalloti
If Phil has three siblings, Margaret, Janis, and Louis then what are all are the names of Phil’s mother’s children?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: If Phil has three siblings, Margaret, Janis, and Louis then what are all are the names of Phil’s mother’s children? ### Response:
Phil’s mother named her children Phil, Margaret, Janis, and Louis.
Which of these could we use to feed our kid: apple, sandwich, beer, xanax, carrot, rock.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which of these could we use to feed our kid: apple, sandwich, beer, xanax, carrot, rock. ### Response:
You can feed a kid with an apple, a sandwich and a carrot. You should absolutely not feed a kid a rock, beer nor xanax.
Classify the below persons based on whether they are kids of Shah Rukh Khan or Sanjay Dutt. Suhana, Aryan, AbRam, Trishala, Iqra, Shahraan
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify the below persons based on whether they are kids of Shah Rukh Khan or Sanjay Dutt. Suhana, Aryan, AbRam, Trishala, Iqra, Shahraan ### Response:
Shah Rukh Khan’s kids - Suhana, Aryan, AbRam PSanjay Dutt’s kids - Trishala, Iqra, Shahraan
Why should kids do homework?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why should kids do homework? ### Response:
There are many vital reasons why kids should do their homework. Homework helps students practice the concepts they have learned in the classroom. It also teaches discipline and responsibility. Kids might not be aware of the immediate benefits of doing their homework regularly and on time, but it helps with their long-term development. The next time your kids ask why they should do their homework, keep these pointers in mind.
What is fossil fighter gameplay like?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is fossil fighter gameplay like? ### Input: Fossil Fighters is a role-playing video game series published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS and Nintendo 3DS consoles. Its gameplay revolves around digging up and extracting dinosaur fossils, reviving them into supernatural "vivosaurs" and engaging in battle. ### Response:
Fossil Fighters is a role-playing video game series published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS and Nintendo 3DS consoles. Its gameplay revolves around digging up and extracting dinosaur fossils, reviving them into supernatural "vivosaurs" and engaging in battle.
Fossil fighters is a third-person, single-player game on the Nintendo DS focused around finding, cleaning, and reviving dinosaur fossils on Vivosaur Island. Once dinosaurs (called vivosaurs in the game) are revived, they can be used to battle other fossil fighters. The goal of the game is to reach the highest fossil fighter license level, find better and better fossils, defeat the BB Bandits who are determined to cause trouble around the island, and uncover various mysteries surrounding the island.
What is the name of the first ten amendments to the Constitution?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the first ten amendments to the Constitution? ### Response:
the bill of rights
What is the best way to travel to space?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the best way to travel to space? ### Response:
For the first half dozen decades of manned missions to space, the only way to participate was to earn a highly-competitive place in the national space programs of one of just a few countries that funded missions beyond the earth's atmosphere. Today, these national space programs are supplemented by a few private ventures that offer space tourism, typically for exorbitant fees.