Datasets:
MiniLLM
/
dolly-processed

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
2
instruction
stringlengths
4
924
prompt
stringlengths
144
1.4k
input
stringlengths
0
1.16k
output
stringlengths
1
10.7k
Who was John Dawkins better known as
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who was John Dawkins better known as ### Response:
Artful Dodger
What are the most common types of pizzas?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the most common types of pizzas? ### Response:
There are lots of different pizzas, but the most common are cheese and pepperoni. There are also different types of pizza such as thin crust, New York style pizza, and Chicago style pizza.
When did the first World war start?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did the first World war start? ### Response:
July 28, 1914
Replace the word "lawyer" with "judge" and the word "pacifist" with "peace lover"
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Replace the word "lawyer" with "judge" and the word "pacifist" with "peace lover" ### Input: Hermann Fernau (born 1883 or 1884) was a German lawyer, writer, journalist and pacifist. ### Response:
Hermann Fernau (born 1883 or 1884) was a German lawyer, writer, journalist and pacifist.
Hermann Fernau (born 1883 or 1884) was a German judge, writer, journalist and peace lover.
How many percentages of people in London prefer to walk ?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many percentages of people in London prefer to walk ? ### Input: London has an extensive and developed transport network which includes both private and public services. Journeys made by public transport systems account for 37% of London's journeys while private services accounted for 36% of journeys, walking 24% and cycling 2%. London's public transport network serves as the central hub for the United Kingdom in rail, air and road transport. ### Response:
London has an extensive and developed transport network which includes both private and public services. Journeys made by public transport systems account for 37% of London's journeys while private services accounted for 36% of journeys, walking 24% and cycling 2%. London's public transport network serves as the central hub for the United Kingdom in rail, air and road transport.
Approx. 24% people in London prefer to walk.
Identify different ways to achieve safe atmospheric entry for space shuttles and provide a bullet list.
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify different ways to achieve safe atmospheric entry for space shuttles and provide a bullet list. ### Input: To return to Earth, the escape velocity of the Moon must be overcome for the spacecraft to escape the gravity well of the Moon. Rockets must be used to leave the Moon and return to space. Upon reaching Earth, atmospheric entry techniques are used to absorb the kinetic energy of a returning spacecraft and reduce its speed for safe landing. These functions greatly complicate a moon landing mission and lead to many additional operational considerations. Any moon departure rocket must first be carried to the Moon's surface by a moon landing rocket, increasing the latter's required size. The Moon departure rocket, larger moon landing rocket and any Earth atmosphere entry equipment such as heat shields and parachutes must in turn be lifted by the original launch vehicle, greatly increasing its size by a significant and almost prohibitive degree. ### Response:
To return to Earth, the escape velocity of the Moon must be overcome for the spacecraft to escape the gravity well of the Moon. Rockets must be used to leave the Moon and return to space. Upon reaching Earth, atmospheric entry techniques are used to absorb the kinetic energy of a returning spacecraft and reduce its speed for safe landing. These functions greatly complicate a moon landing mission and lead to many additional operational considerations. Any moon departure rocket must first be carried to the Moon's surface by a moon landing rocket, increasing the latter's required size. The Moon departure rocket, larger moon landing rocket and any Earth atmosphere entry equipment such as heat shields and parachutes must in turn be lifted by the original launch vehicle, greatly increasing its size by a significant and almost prohibitive degree.
- Reduce speed and absorb kinetic energy on reentry. - Use heat shields - Use parachutes
According to this paragraph about UVA, what happens to a student who commits an offense from the honor system?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: According to this paragraph about UVA, what happens to a student who commits an offense from the honor system? ### Input: The nation's first codified honor system was instituted by UVA law professor Henry St. George Tucker, Sr. in 1842, after a fellow professor was shot to death on The Lawn. There are three tenets to the system: students simply must not lie, cheat, or steal. For its first 180 years it was a "single sanction system", meaning that committing any of these three offenses would result in expulsion from the university. In the spring of 2022, following decades of criticism and waning support for the system, a proposal to replace the penalty of expulsion with a two semester suspension passed a student referendum with over 80% of the vote and took effect immediately. ### Response:
The nation's first codified honor system was instituted by UVA law professor Henry St. George Tucker, Sr. in 1842, after a fellow professor was shot to death on The Lawn. There are three tenets to the system: students simply must not lie, cheat, or steal. For its first 180 years it was a "single sanction system", meaning that committing any of these three offenses would result in expulsion from the university. In the spring of 2022, following decades of criticism and waning support for the system, a proposal to replace the penalty of expulsion with a two semester suspension passed a student referendum with over 80% of the vote and took effect immediately.
As of spring 2022, students who commit an offense of the Honor System at UVA face a two semester suspension.
What are the best books of Dostoyevsky?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the best books of Dostoyevsky? ### Response:
1. 'Crime and Punishment' 2. 'The Brothers Karamazov' 3. 'The Idiot' 4. 'Demons' 5. ‘Notes from the Underground’
What are some basic spirits you should have at your bar
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some basic spirits you should have at your bar ### Response:
Often times socializing with friends and neighbors includes spirits or alcohol. Some of the important spirts to have at your house to capture the wide variety of taste include Beer Red Wine White Wine Bourbon (preferably Basil Hayden) Whiskey Vodka Rum Tequila Triple Sec Mixers such as Cola, club soda, tonic water, juices, and ice
What is the movie A Silence Voice about?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the movie A Silence Voice about? ### Input: The film covers elements of coming of age and psychological drama, dealing with themes of bullying, disability, forgiveness, mental health, suicide, and friendship of opposite sexes. It follows the story of a former bully turned social outcast, who decides to reconnect and befriend the deaf girl he had bullied years prior.[6] ### Response:
The film covers elements of coming of age and psychological drama, dealing with themes of bullying, disability, forgiveness, mental health, suicide, and friendship of opposite sexes. It follows the story of a former bully turned social outcast, who decides to reconnect and befriend the deaf girl he had bullied years prior.[6]
A Silent Voice is a Japanese animated film about a boy who used to bully a deaf girl, but was then shunned himself for bullying her. Years later, they reconnect and he tries to atone for his past. The film touches upon many charged topics especially prevalent in Japanese high schools from bullying to disability to suicide and mental health.
Which female Canadian director has directed episodes of Better Call Saul, The X-Files, and Game of Thrones?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which female Canadian director has directed episodes of Better Call Saul, The X-Files, and Game of Thrones? ### Response:
Michelle MacLaren
Is Star Wars Science Fiction or Fantasy?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Is Star Wars Science Fiction or Fantasy? ### Response:
While Star Wars is considered science fiction by the general public, most sci-fi and fantasy fans would classify Star Wars in the fantasy genre. The themes of the story rely on mythology and the hero's journey as opposed to exploration of scientific and philosophical concepts.
What is goal line technology in a soccer game?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is goal line technology in a soccer game? ### Response:
The goal line technology is the use of electronic aid to determine if a goal has been scored or not. In detail, it is a method used to determine when the ball has completely crossed the goal line in between the goal-posts and underneath the crossbar with the assistance of electronic devices and at the same time assisting the referee in awarding a goal or not.
in which country could you spend a Kwanza
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: in which country could you spend a Kwanza ### Response:
Angola
What are the best vegetable crops to plant in Washington state for home gardeners?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the best vegetable crops to plant in Washington state for home gardeners? ### Response:
onions, squash, cucumbers, tomatoes, snap peas, green beans, corn, pumpkins
is security a great career
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: is security a great career ### Response:
yes
Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Tasmanian Tiger, Macaw
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Tasmanian Tiger, Macaw ### Response:
Macaw is alive, Tasmanian Tiger is extinct.
What is the distance from the Earth to its moon?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the distance from the Earth to its moon? ### Response:
The average distance to the moon is 382,500 kilometers. The distance varies because the moon travels around Earth in a elliptical orbit. At perigee, the point at which the moon is closest to Earth, the distance is approximately 360,000 kilometers.
Should I take extra fuel when traveling to Alaska?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Should I take extra fuel when traveling to Alaska? ### Response:
There are limited roads in Alaska, as well as northern Canada. While there are some gas stops along the way, options are limited and you might run out of gas in the wilderness. As Alaska is an extremely large state, being stranded in the middle of nowhere is potentially very harmful. It’s a very good idea to take extra fuel when taking a road trip to or through Alaska. Make sure you buy a proper gas can that will not dissolve when in contact with gasoline or diesel.
Why do we need robots?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why do we need robots? ### Response:
Robots can be programmed to do complex work that are hard for humans to tackle or work in high risk or extreme conditions such as the rovers on Mars. Since robots are driven by electrical and mechanical energy, they are just like machines that accomplish complex tasks efficiently.
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Carillon, Rebab
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Carillon, Rebab ### Response:
Rebab is string, Carillon is percussion.
At what temperature does water boil?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: At what temperature does water boil? ### Response:
While some say a "watched pot never boils," water reaches its boiling point at 100 degrees celsius or 212 degrees fahrenheit.
which weighs more, a pound of bricks or a pound of feathers?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: which weighs more, a pound of bricks or a pound of feathers? ### Response:
Both things weigh the same amount, one pound.
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Klong khaek, Sanshin
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Klong khaek, Sanshin ### Response:
Sanshin is string, Klong khaek is percussion.
Name three landlocked countries in Africa
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name three landlocked countries in Africa ### Response:
Three landlocked countries in Africa are Chad, Zambia, and Botswana.
Who has been named as Kid of the year by Time Magazine?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who has been named as Kid of the year by Time Magazine? ### Response:
Gitanjali Rao(Indian American)
Why do people move/sway during music?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why do people move/sway during music? ### Response:
Scientists believe we are born with a sense of rhythm and our bodies naturally react and behave to the sound of music in different ways.
Tell me which one of the following sports are Olympic sports: karate, snooker, wrestling, tai boxing, football, basketball.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Tell me which one of the following sports are Olympic sports: karate, snooker, wrestling, tai boxing, football, basketball. ### Response:
Karate, freestyle and greco roman wrestling, boxing, football and basketball are Olympic sports.
Is Dijkstras algorithm a greedy algorithm or dynamic programming algorithm
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Is Dijkstras algorithm a greedy algorithm or dynamic programming algorithm ### Response:
A greedy algorithm.
Please give me an example of this phenomenon that I can understand as a layman.
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Please give me an example of this phenomenon that I can understand as a layman. ### Input: In signal processing and related disciplines, aliasing is an effect that causes different signals to become indistinguishable (or aliases of one another) when sampled. It also often refers to the distortion or artifact that results when a signal reconstructed from samples is different from the original continuous signal. ### Response:
In signal processing and related disciplines, aliasing is an effect that causes different signals to become indistinguishable (or aliases of one another) when sampled. It also often refers to the distortion or artifact that results when a signal reconstructed from samples is different from the original continuous signal.
An example of aliasing that easy to understand as a layman is the 'wagon wheel effect'. You've probably seen the wagon wheel effect when watching a movie or tv show and the wheels of a car appear to be spinning backwards even as the car moves forwards. This is an effect of aliasing. This occurs because the sampling rate of the film is not adequate to capture the frequency of the signal (the frequency that the tires are spinning forwards) and the signal becomes indistinguishable from another signal (a frequency of the tires spinning backwards). As an example of how this happens imagine that the camera's sampling rate allows it to record an image frame at about 90% of the frequency that the tires are spinning. That is, the tire is spinning fast enough that it rotates 90% around in between each picture the camera can take. In this case, the wheel will look like its rotated backwards by 10% of a rotation on each image. When you put these images together in a film, the tires will appear to be rotating backwards.
Which are the main reasons for doing a PhD?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which are the main reasons for doing a PhD? ### Response:
After completing the Master's degree, some students are really interested in contributing to specific field of Science. Curiosity, challenges, and the feeling that they are able to contribute their ideas and knowledge to a much broader ecosystem, are the main reasons that motivate students towards the PhD journey.
5 steps to make a fire
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: 5 steps to make a fire ### Response:
Step 1: Clear a Circular Space on the Ground. ... Step 2: Line the Circular Space With Large Rocks. ... Step 3: Place the Small Sticks and Twigs in the Circular Space As a Platform. ... Step 4: Place Dry Grass, and Leaves on the Kindling. ... Step 5: Light the Fire With a Lighter or Matches.
What is Palmitic acid?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Palmitic acid? ### Response:
Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature) is a fatty acid with a 16-carbon chain. It is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D (the total number of carbon atoms to the number of carbon–carbon double bonds) is 16:0. It is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil), making up to 44% of total fats. Meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products also contain palmitic acid, amounting to 50–60% of total fats. Palmitates are the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4).
What is the popular TV show called where they send a number of people to a deserted island and they have to vote people off of the tribe?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the popular TV show called where they send a number of people to a deserted island and they have to vote people off of the tribe? ### Response:
The show is called Survivor, a reality-competition television franchise. Contestants are left somewhere in the world and they have to practice survival skills while also competing in challenges to make it to the final three to win a grand prize.
Imagine you are the last person alive. You're an astronaut and alone and in space aboard the ISS. Write down your feelings and what happened to get there, with a detailed backstory.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Imagine you are the last person alive. You're an astronaut and alone and in space aboard the ISS. Write down your feelings and what happened to get there, with a detailed backstory. ### Response:
Finally, it happened. I never imagined the day would come, a final drop in a bucket for all mankind. I owe it to myself... no, I owe it to at least someone, to someone who can remember the human legacy, if there even is one in the future, to write down what happened, to give at least some semblance to the horrors unfolding below me. I was always a starry-eyed child, looking at the heavens above and wondering, what's up there? And my dreams came true, first the flight school, then a military pilot, but everything made sense after my former instructor at the academy offered me a spot in the NASA Astronaut program. I couldn't believe it. I'm going to space? Really? A few hard years later I was a regular member of a mission flying back and forth between Earth and ISS. Sitting down on top of a rocket strapped down inside of a tiny capsule is not fun, I can tell you that, but the rush of adrenaline when you're stuck to your seat flying through the atmosphere never gets old. But this time, the feeling was - different. I arrived at the ISS on schedule and relieved my colleague Max. She was happy to see me, after all, 6 months spinning around the globe alone would do that to you. She was a dear friend of mine, but we didn't have much time for catchup and pleasantries. She was scheduled to go back on the same day, and left soon after - with a long goodbye. I always dreamed of a better world, where humans would work together for the betterment of mankind. I loved Star Trek as a child, a place where differences didn't matter and everyone was working for benefit of everyone. But we built a different world. A world of greed, a world of selfishness, a world where having more than others meant being better than another. We never really chose our leaders, or if we did, the fault is ours. A few years after the second pandemic, tensions rose. Rich were getting richer, the poor were getting poorer, and nothing was ever enough. And some people craved power. They wanted more. More land, more resources, more money. They launched their missiles first. At least it seemed that way from the media that was still running at the time. Didn't matter though, our defenses were inadequate. Watching through my tiny window I could see the planet burning. We, of course, fired back. I could see flash after flash hitting the ground. Cities burning. Billions dying. But in the end, it didn't matter. We all lost. Slowly, a massive cloud started covering the planet. It started from the places that were hit, but over weeks it spread throughout the globe. Once a beautiful pale blue dot is now nothing more that a grey patch in the sky. I could still hear some amateur radio stations from remote regions, trying to communicate and let someone know they are alive, but those were few and far between. Months later, they all died out. And now, I'm here, in the slowly decaying orbit of the International Space Station, alone, waiting for the replacement that will never come, thinking maybe Max was the lucky one.
During which decade did neural networks first lead to practically useful systems?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: During which decade did neural networks first lead to practically useful systems? ### Input: The development of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) very-large-scale integration (VLSI), in the form of complementary MOS (CMOS) technology, enabled increasing MOS transistor counts in digital electronics. This provided more processing power for the development of practical artificial neural networks in the 1980s.[40] From 1988 onward,[41][42] the use of neural networks transformed the field of protein structure prediction, in particular when the first cascading networks were trained on profiles (matrices) produced by multiple sequence alignments.[43] ### Response:
The development of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) very-large-scale integration (VLSI), in the form of complementary MOS (CMOS) technology, enabled increasing MOS transistor counts in digital electronics. This provided more processing power for the development of practical artificial neural networks in the 1980s.[40] From 1988 onward,[41][42] the use of neural networks transformed the field of protein structure prediction, in particular when the first cascading networks were trained on profiles (matrices) produced by multiple sequence alignments.[43]
The development of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) very-large-scale integration (VLSI), in the form of complementary MOS (CMOS) technology, enabled the development of practical artificial neural networks in the 1980s
Which state is the city of Springfield from in the Simpsons?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which state is the city of Springfield from in the Simpsons? ### Response:
The popular and long running show The Simpsons have intentionally left out from which state the home town of Springfield is with the intention of relating to everyone's Springfield. There have been several references to possible states to keep fans guessing and has become part of the playful nature of the show. Alas, in 2012, the show's creator revealed that it is based on Springfield, Oregon.
Suggest some ways to protect the Earth from an asteroid or comet?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Suggest some ways to protect the Earth from an asteroid or comet? ### Response:
Nuke the comet Ram it off course by launching a rocket Use a laser to vaporize it. Break it up by hitting it
Where was Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu founded?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where was Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu founded? ### Response:
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu originated in Japan and was brought to Brazil by Mitsuo Maeda in 1914. Maeda trained Carlos and Helio Gracie, who tested and refined Jiu-Jitsu to be what it is today. Jiu-Jitsu continued to evolve over the years, eventually incorporating aspects of wrestling and other grappling arts into the curriculum. Rorion Gracie, Helios' son, brought Jiu-Jitsu to the United States in the 1970's.
What geographic area do Sephardic Jews originate from?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What geographic area do Sephardic Jews originate from? ### Response:
Sephardic Judaism is rooted in the Iberian peninsula
What is the main cause of lightning?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the main cause of lightning? ### Response:
Lightning happens when the negative charges (electrons) in the bottom of the cloud are attracted to the positive charges (protons) in the ground.
Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description}
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description} ### Input: The Stravinsky Fountain was part of a sculptural program, launched by the City of Paris in 1978, to build seven contemporary fountains with sculpture in different squares of the city. This project also included new fountains at the Hotel de Ville and within the gardens of the Palais Royal. They were to be the first public fountains built in Paris since the fountains of the Palais de Chaillot were built for the Paris Exposition of 1937. It was also a major project by the City of Paris to redevelop the area around the old city markets, Les Halles, which had been torn down in 1971, and to re-animate the area with pedestrian streets, squares, and works of art. ### Response:
The Stravinsky Fountain was part of a sculptural program, launched by the City of Paris in 1978, to build seven contemporary fountains with sculpture in different squares of the city. This project also included new fountains at the Hotel de Ville and within the gardens of the Palais Royal. They were to be the first public fountains built in Paris since the fountains of the Palais de Chaillot were built for the Paris Exposition of 1937. It was also a major project by the City of Paris to redevelop the area around the old city markets, Les Halles, which had been torn down in 1971, and to re-animate the area with pedestrian streets, squares, and works of art.
• 1978 - the launch of the sculptural program that included the construction of seven contemporary fountains in Paris • 1937 - fountains of the Palais de Chaillot were built • 1971 - the date that Les Halles was torn down
Which is an imperial or a metric measurement: foot, metre
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which is an imperial or a metric measurement: foot, metre ### Response:
foot is imperial, metre is metric
What is Asperger syndrome?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Asperger syndrome? ### Response:
Asperger syndrome (AS), or Asperger's, is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. The syndrome is no longer recognized as a diagnosis, having been merged with other conditions into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It was considered to differ from other diagnoses that were incorporated into ASD by relatively unimpaired spoken language and intelligence. The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others’ gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favorite interests, and were clumsy. In 1994, the diagnosis of Asperger's was included in the fourth edition (DSM-IV) of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; however, with the publication of DSM-5 in 2013, the syndrome was removed, and the symptoms are now included within autism spectrum disorder along with classic autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It was similarly merged into autism spectrum disorder in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as of 2021. The exact cause of Asperger's is poorly understood. While it has high heritability, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively. Environmental factors are also believed to play a role. Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying condition. There is no single treatment, and the UK's National Health Service (NHS) guidelines suggest that ’treatment’ of any form of autism should not be a goal since autism is not an 'a disease that can be removed or cured’. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, while co-occurring conditions might require treatment, ’management of autism itself is chiefly about providing the education, training and social support/care required to improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world’. Only limited data support the effectiveness of particular interventions for autism. Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety. Autistic characteristics tend to become less evident in adulthood , but social and communication difficulties usually persist.
What is intelligence?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is intelligence? ### Response:
The term intelligence is an open term and is often open to interpretation and relativity. Some people claim you can test for intelligence using an intelligence quotient (IQ) test. This is up for debate. Knowledge alone does not equal intelligence. The proper use of knowledge can be referred to as intelligence. A definition of intelligence is: the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. According to this, nearly every has the ability of intelligence.
What plant do cats like to chew or sniff, which may give them a "high"?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What plant do cats like to chew or sniff, which may give them a "high"? ### Response:
Many cats enjoy chewing or sniffing fresh and dried catnip.
Where did Bermuda grass come from?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where did Bermuda grass come from? ### Input: Cynodon dactylon, commonly known as Bermuda grass, is a grass found worldwide. It is native to Europe, Africa, Australia and much of Asia. It has been introduced to the Americas. Contrary to its common name, it is not native to Bermuda and is in fact an abundant invasive species there. In Bermuda it has been known as "crab grass" (also a name for Digitaria sanguinalis). Other names are Dhoob, dūrvā grass, ethana grass, dubo, dog grass, dog's tooth grass, Bahama grass, crab grass, devil's grass, couch grass, Indian doab, arugampul, grama, wiregrass and scutch grass. ### Response:
Cynodon dactylon, commonly known as Bermuda grass, is a grass found worldwide. It is native to Europe, Africa, Australia and much of Asia. It has been introduced to the Americas. Contrary to its common name, it is not native to Bermuda and is in fact an abundant invasive species there. In Bermuda it has been known as "crab grass" (also a name for Digitaria sanguinalis). Other names are Dhoob, dūrvā grass, ethana grass, dubo, dog grass, dog's tooth grass, Bahama grass, crab grass, devil's grass, couch grass, Indian doab, arugampul, grama, wiregrass and scutch grass.
Cynodon dactylon, commonly known as Bermuda grass, is a grass found worldwide. It is native to Europe, Africa, Australia and much of Asia.
What is a verb?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a verb? ### Response:
A verb is a word that in syntax generally conveys an action, an occurrence, or a state of being. In the usual description of English, the basic form, with or without the particle to, is the infinitive. In many languages, verbs are inflected to encode tense, aspect, mood, and voice
What is a community structure in the study of complex networks?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a community structure in the study of complex networks? ### Input: In the study of complex networks, a network is said to have community structure if the nodes of the network can be easily grouped into (potentially overlapping) sets of nodes such that each set of nodes is densely connected internally. In the particular case of non-overlapping community finding, this implies that the network divides naturally into groups of nodes with dense connections internally and sparser connections between groups. But overlapping communities are also allowed. The more general definition is based on the principle that pairs of nodes are more likely to be connected if they are both members of the same community(ies), and less likely to be connected if they do not share communities. A related but different problem is community search, where the goal is to find a community that a certain vertex belongs to. ### Response:
In the study of complex networks, a network is said to have community structure if the nodes of the network can be easily grouped into (potentially overlapping) sets of nodes such that each set of nodes is densely connected internally. In the particular case of non-overlapping community finding, this implies that the network divides naturally into groups of nodes with dense connections internally and sparser connections between groups. But overlapping communities are also allowed. The more general definition is based on the principle that pairs of nodes are more likely to be connected if they are both members of the same community(ies), and less likely to be connected if they do not share communities. A related but different problem is community search, where the goal is to find a community that a certain vertex belongs to.
In the study of complex networks, a network is said to have community structure if the nodes of the network can be easily grouped into (potentially overlapping) sets of nodes such that each set of nodes is densely connected internally.
Name 5 possible fuel sources for a futuristic spaceship
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name 5 possible fuel sources for a futuristic spaceship ### Response:
Ion fusion, hyper drive, flux capacitator, solar sails, alien venom
Who won the March Madness Mens Basketball Tournament in 2022?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who won the March Madness Mens Basketball Tournament in 2022? ### Response:
The University Kansas Jayhawks
What are some ways that I can reduce the latency of my API?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some ways that I can reduce the latency of my API? ### Response:
To reduce the latency of your API, you could consider caching any database operations you may have, reducing the number of network requests required, or scaling up the number of instances of your server.
Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description}
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description} ### Input: The Carolina Biological Supply Company was founded in 1927 by Dr. Thomas E. Powell Jr., a young geology and biology professor at Elon College (now Elon University). During the 1920s, science teachers had to collect most of the materials they used in their classes and laboratories, which took considerable time away from their primary responsibilities. Like other teachers, Dr. Powell spent much of his own time in the field gathering specimens for his classes. Because he usually got more than he needed, he sold the surplus to his colleagues. His efforts grew into Carolina Biological Supply Company, as Powell foresaw a need for his collecting abilities in the coming years. ### Response:
The Carolina Biological Supply Company was founded in 1927 by Dr. Thomas E. Powell Jr., a young geology and biology professor at Elon College (now Elon University). During the 1920s, science teachers had to collect most of the materials they used in their classes and laboratories, which took considerable time away from their primary responsibilities. Like other teachers, Dr. Powell spent much of his own time in the field gathering specimens for his classes. Because he usually got more than he needed, he sold the surplus to his colleagues. His efforts grew into Carolina Biological Supply Company, as Powell foresaw a need for his collecting abilities in the coming years.
• 1927 - This is when the Carolina Biological Supply Company was founded. • 1920s - During this time period science teachers had to collect most of the materials they used in their classes and laboratories, which took considerable time away from their primary responsibilities.
Which ones of the following are considered nutrient-dense foods: soda, vegetables, fruits, chips, whole grains, seafood, cookies, eggs, beans, peas, lentils, unsalted nuts and seeds, fat-free and low-fat dairy products, fried chicken, lean meats and poultry.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which ones of the following are considered nutrient-dense foods: soda, vegetables, fruits, chips, whole grains, seafood, cookies, eggs, beans, peas, lentils, unsalted nuts and seeds, fat-free and low-fat dairy products, fried chicken, lean meats and poultry. ### Response:
Vegetables, fruits, whole grains, seafood, eggs, beans, peas, and lentils, unsalted nuts and seeds, fat-free and low-fat dairy products, and lean meats and poultry are nutrient-dense foods.
How long is an Ironman triathlon?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long is an Ironman triathlon? ### Response:
An Ironman triathlon is 140.6 miles long. This is considered an endurance event, and frequently takes competitors over 10 hours to complete. The triathlon consists of 3 events: swimming, biking, and running. The swim portion is 2.4 miles long; the bike segment is 112 miles long; and the run segment is 26.2 miles long.
How much did Shaffer donate?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How much did Shaffer donate? ### Input: In 2018, Butler County Community College created The Shaffer School of Nursing and Allied Health after Shaffer donated $1 million to the school. ### Response:
In 2018, Butler County Community College created The Shaffer School of Nursing and Allied Health after Shaffer donated $1 million to the school.
$1 million
Please provide me with ideas for dinner tonight.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Please provide me with ideas for dinner tonight. ### Response:
Sure! Here are 2 ideas. 1) Ordering in: You can see what restaurants in your area offer home delivery, and select something that works well for you! Some common things to order are Pizza, Sushi, Tacos, Fried Rice, and more! 2) Check in your fridge and pantry, and cook at home! Here are a few easy meal ideas: - Pasta - Stir Fry - Flat bread - Chicken, rice, and vegetables - Wraps or sandwiches
how to give a great presentation
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: how to give a great presentation ### Response:
Giving a great presentation requires a combination of effective planning, engaging delivery, and thoughtful audience engagement. Here are some tips to help you create and deliver a successful presentation: Understand your audience: Before creating your presentation, research your audience to understand their interests, knowledge level, and expectations. This will help you tailor your content to their needs and make your presentation more engaging. Plan your content: Create a clear and concise outline that covers the main points you want to make. Use visuals, such as slides or videos, to support your message, but don't overload your presentation with too many images or text. Practice, practice, practice: Rehearse your presentation several times, preferably in front of a small audience or mirror. This will help you feel more confident and comfortable with your delivery. Use engaging delivery techniques: Use your voice, body language, and eye contact to engage your audience. Vary your tone and pace to keep your audience interested and use gestures and movements to emphasize your points. Encourage audience participation: Ask questions, invite feedback, and create opportunities for your audience to engage with you. This will help keep their attention and create a more interactive presentation. Be authentic and passionate: Show your enthusiasm for your topic and let your personality shine through. Your audience will be more engaged if they can see that you're passionate about what you're presenting. Close with a strong ending: Summarize your main points and leave your audience with a clear call to action or a memorable takeaway. This will help them remember your presentation and take action on your message. By following these tips, you can give a great presentation that engages and informs your audience. Remember to practice, be yourself, and have fun!
Where are good places for a family to visit in Portland Oregon?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where are good places for a family to visit in Portland Oregon? ### Response:
1. The Oregon Museum of Science and Industry (OMSI) is a science and technology museum in Portland Oregon. The museum has many interactive exhibits, a theatre and a decommissioned naval submarine. 2. The Springwater Corridor is a pedestrian and bicycle pathway between Portland and Gresham Oregon. There are nature walks, bridges and scenic areas throughout the Portland Metro area. 3. The Oregon Zoo is home to Elephants, Lions, Polar Bears as well as Pacific Northwest Native species of mammals and birds. The Oregon Zoo is located in Washington Park. The zoo is the oldest zoo west of the Mississippi river.
Using valid, well-formatted JSON, generate a list of espresso spellings based on the text provided
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Using valid, well-formatted JSON, generate a list of espresso spellings based on the text provided ### Input: The spelling expresso is mostly considered incorrect, though some sources call it a less common variant.[30] It is common in French and Portuguese. Italy uses the term espresso, substituting s for most x letters in Latin-root words; x is not considered part of the standard Italian alphabet. Italian people commonly refer to it simply as caffè (coffee), espresso being the ordinary coffee to order; the same happens in Portugal (café), with some regional variations (bica in Lisbon and cimbalino traditionally in Porto); in Spain, while café expreso is seen as the more "formal" denomination, café solo (alone, without milk) is the usual way to ask for it when at an espresso bar. ### Response:
The spelling expresso is mostly considered incorrect, though some sources call it a less common variant.[30] It is common in French and Portuguese. Italy uses the term espresso, substituting s for most x letters in Latin-root words; x is not considered part of the standard Italian alphabet. Italian people commonly refer to it simply as caffè (coffee), espresso being the ordinary coffee to order; the same happens in Portugal (café), with some regional variations (bica in Lisbon and cimbalino traditionally in Porto); in Spain, while café expreso is seen as the more "formal" denomination, café solo (alone, without milk) is the usual way to ask for it when at an espresso bar.
[ "espresso", "expresso", "coffee", "caffè", "café", "bica", "cimbalino", "café expreso", "café solo" ]
What do I use a pressure washer for?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do I use a pressure washer for? ### Response:
A pressure washer forces water out at high speeds which allows you to remove grime or dirt from large surfaces, often of a home or building.
Choose the word which is different from the rest: Mother, Friend, Sister, Father, Brother
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Choose the word which is different from the rest: Mother, Friend, Sister, Father, Brother ### Response:
Friend is a term reflecting a bond that is not genetic
What is the largest city in Oregon?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the largest city in Oregon? ### Response:
Portland
What is topography?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is topography? ### Response:
Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces. The topography of an area may refer to the land forms and features themselves, or a description or depiction in maps. Topography is a field of geoscience and planetary science and is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief, but also natural, artificial, and cultural features such as roads, land boundaries, and buildings. In the United States, topography often means specifically relief, even though the USGS topographic maps record not just elevation contours, but also roads, populated places, structures, land boundaries, and so on. Topography in a narrow sense involves the recording of relief or terrain, the three-dimensional quality of the surface, and the identification of specific landforms; this is also known as geomorphometry. In modern usage, this involves generation of elevation data in digital form (DEM). It is often considered to include the graphic representation of the landform on a map by a variety of cartographic relief depiction techniques, including contour lines, hypsometric tints, and relief shading.
Why has the percentage of CEOs of Indian descent gone up in the last decade ?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why has the percentage of CEOs of Indian descent gone up in the last decade ? ### Response:
In the last decade there is a growing trend of corporations being led by CEOs of Indian descent. Many factors have contributed to this trend including but not limited to: 1) Immigration laws that attract best of talent from across the world to western nations 2) Strong education system in India 3) English as the primary/secondary language in most educational institutions across India 4) Cultural diversity of India that fosters empathy and adaptability 6) Immigrant's drive to succeed in a foreign nation given limited safety net 7) Acceptance of cultural and social diversity in large enterprises
Given the reference text about the science fiction novel Neuromancer, tell me the novel's author and the name of the main protagonist.
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Given the reference text about the science fiction novel Neuromancer, tell me the novel's author and the name of the main protagonist. ### Input: Neuromancer is a 1984 science fiction novel by American-Canadian writer William Gibson. Considered one of the earliest and best-known works in the cyberpunk genre, it is the only novel to win the Nebula Award, the Philip K. Dick Award, and the Hugo Award.[1] It was Gibson's debut novel and the beginning of the Sprawl trilogy. Set in the future, the novel follows Henry Case, a washed-up hacker hired for one last job, which brings him in contact with a powerful artificial intelligence. ### Response:
Neuromancer is a 1984 science fiction novel by American-Canadian writer William Gibson. Considered one of the earliest and best-known works in the cyberpunk genre, it is the only novel to win the Nebula Award, the Philip K. Dick Award, and the Hugo Award.[1] It was Gibson's debut novel and the beginning of the Sprawl trilogy. Set in the future, the novel follows Henry Case, a washed-up hacker hired for one last job, which brings him in contact with a powerful artificial intelligence.
Neuromancer was written by William Gibson and its main protagonist is Henry Case.
What is tertiary analysis?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is tertiary analysis? ### Response:
Tertiary analysis is a type of analysis that looks at a company's financial statements to evaluate the financial performance of the company. It focuses on the company's profitability, cash flow, and debt level.
How many U.S. President were lawyers?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many U.S. President were lawyers? ### Response:
25 U.S. Presidents were lawyers. John Adams: Adams was the second president of the United States. A farmer, lawyer, writer and political philosopher; he played a major role in American history. Thomas Jefferson: He was a lawyer, statesman, professor, writer, and the third president of the United States, during which time he wrote the Declaration of Independence with John Adams. He also played an important role in establishing the structure of the Library of Congress. James Madison: He was one of the Founding Fathers and fourth president of the United States. A student of law and classical political theory, Madison was the leading author of the Bill of Rights. James Monroe: He was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat and Founding Father and fifth president of the United States during the time of the War of 1812. John Q. Adams: He was an American statesman, journalist, diplomat, lawyer, and sixth president of the United States. Martin Van Buren: He was the eighth President of the United States and became the youngest person ever to become President at that time. He studied law in New York, and was admitted to the New York bar in 1802. John Tyler: He was the tenth President of the United States when President William Henry Harrison died in April 1841. He was the first Vice President to succeed in the Presidency after the death of his predecessor. He was a lawyer by trade and became Governor of Tennessee after his election in 1844. James Polk: He was a lawyer, surveyor and railroad worker He was the eleventh President of the United States. Millard Fillmore: He was a lawyer, political leader, minister of finance, diplomat and statesman. He was educated in the state schools, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1813. Franklin Pierce: He was a lawyer, judge, and governor of the American state of New Hampshire. He was the fourteenth President of the United States. James Buchanan: He was a statesman, lawyer, soldier, author, and diplomat who helped found the United States and signed the Declaration of Independence. Abraham Lincoln: Lincoln was the president during the Civil War, and his administration was a time of success and failure. He was a former statesman, lawyer, journalist, soldier and president of the United States. Rutherford B. Hayes: He was a statesman, lawyer, congressman, minister, and the nineteenth President of the United States from 1877-1881. Chester Arthur: He was a statesman, lawyer, and professor, who had also been an admiral of the United States Navy and a delegate to the Republican National Convention. Grover Cleveland: He was a statesman, lawyer, and businessman. He became President when William McKinley was assassinated. He studied law in St. Louis, Missouri and began his law practice in 1866. Benjamin Harrison: He was a statesman, lawyer, soldier, and U.S. Representative for the state of Indiana. As U.S. President in 1891-93, Harrison achieved the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act and the creation of the National Cordage Company. William McKinley: His important role was to establish relations between the two nations on a more cordial basis. He was a statesman, lawyer, a Union veteran of the Civil War and the twenty-fifth President of the United States. William Taft: He was a lawyer, judge, and statesman, and a member of the commission which framed the constitution of Ohio. He graduated from the Cincinnati Law School and was admitted to the bar in 1839. Woodrow Wilson: He was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. He was a statesman, lawyer, and diplomat, of the preeminent stature of his era. He was the first United States President to hold foreign office as a diplomat. Calvin Coolidge: He was a statesman, lawyer, soldier, college president and the thirtieth President of the United States. Franklin D. Roosevelt: Roosevelt was considered “The Golden-Gate President,” having been elected in 1932 in the midst of the Great Depression. He was a statesman, lawyer, a World War I veteran who served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy in the administration of President Theodore Roosevelt. Richard Nixon: He was the thirty-seventh President of the United States, a statesman, lawyer, statesman, and a diplomat. Gerald Ford: He was a statesman, lawyer and Christian man, who dedicated his life to God and our country. He was honored in the presence of our current leaders. Bill Clinton: He was a statesman, lawyer, US Senator, governor, secretary of state, US president, and Rhodes Scholar. He focused his term on expanding education in the United States, with a particular focus on the poor and minorities. Barack Obama: Obama was the 44th president of the United States and the nation’s first black president, was a statesman, a lawyer, a law and order man and a politician.
Which of these are movies that Adam Sandler starred in and which ones did David Spade star in? Tommy Boy, Black Sheep, 8 Heads in a Duffel Bag, Coneheads, The Emperor's New Groove, Joe Dirt, Click, Jack and Jill, Hustle, Uncut Gems, The Wedding Singer, Little Nicky
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which of these are movies that Adam Sandler starred in and which ones did David Spade star in? Tommy Boy, Black Sheep, 8 Heads in a Duffel Bag, Coneheads, The Emperor's New Groove, Joe Dirt, Click, Jack and Jill, Hustle, Uncut Gems, The Wedding Singer, Little Nicky ### Response:
Adam Sandler: Click, Jack and Jill, Hustle, Uncut Gems, The Wedding Singer, Little Nicky David Spade: Tommy Boy, Black Sheep, 8 Heads in a Duffel Bag, Coneheads, The Emperor's New Groove, Joe Dirt Both actors appeared in Jack and Jill and Coneheads.
How do I get to Juneau, Alaska?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How do I get to Juneau, Alaska? ### Response:
There are no roads that lead directly to Juneau, Alaska. That leaves two options, by boat or by plane. Remote Alaskan villages and cities like Juneau are one of the reasons bush pilots are so prevalent in the state.
What is the current and future state of the economy of Africa?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the current and future state of the economy of Africa? ### Input: The economy of Africa consists of the trade, industry, agriculture, and human resources of the continent. As of 2019, approximately 1.3 billion people were living in 54 countries in Africa. Africa is a resource-rich continent. Recent growth has been due to growth in sales, commodities, services, and manufacturing. West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa and Southern Africa in particular, are expected to reach a combined GDP of $29 trillion by 2050. ### Response:
The economy of Africa consists of the trade, industry, agriculture, and human resources of the continent. As of 2019, approximately 1.3 billion people were living in 54 countries in Africa. Africa is a resource-rich continent. Recent growth has been due to growth in sales, commodities, services, and manufacturing. West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa and Southern Africa in particular, are expected to reach a combined GDP of $29 trillion by 2050.
In March 2013, Africa was identified as the world's poorest inhabited continent; however, the World Bank expects that most African countries will reach "middle income" status (defined as at least US$1,025 per person a year) by 2025 if current growth rates continue. There are a number of reasons for Africa's poor economy: historically, even though Africa had a number of empires trading with many parts of the world, many people lived in rural societies; in addition, European colonization and the later Cold War created political, economic and social instability. However, as of 2013 Africa was the world's fastest-growing continent at 5.6% a year, and GDP is expected to rise by an average of over 6% a year between 2013 and 2023. In 2017, the African Development Bank reported Africa to be the world's second-fastest growing economy, and estimates that average growth will rebound to 3.4% in 2017, while growth is expected to increase by 4.3% in 2018. Growth has been present throughout the continent, with over one-third of African countries posting 6% or higher growth rates, and another 40% growing between 4% to 6% per year. Several international business observers have also named Africa as the future economic growth engine of the world.
What are the different types of stances in tennis?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the different types of stances in tennis? ### Input: Stance refers to the way a player prepares themselves in order to best be able to return a shot. Essentially, it enables them to move quickly in order to achieve a particular stroke. There are four main stances in modern tennis: open, semi-open, closed, and neutral. All four stances involve the player crouching in some manner: as well as being a more efficient striking posture, it allows them to isometrically preload their muscles in order to play the stroke more dynamically. What stance is selected is strongly influenced by shot selection. A player may quickly alter their stance depending on the circumstances and the type of shot they intend to play. Any given stance also alters dramatically based upon the actual playing of the shot with dynamic movements and shifts of body weight occurring. ### Response:
Stance refers to the way a player prepares themselves in order to best be able to return a shot. Essentially, it enables them to move quickly in order to achieve a particular stroke. There are four main stances in modern tennis: open, semi-open, closed, and neutral. All four stances involve the player crouching in some manner: as well as being a more efficient striking posture, it allows them to isometrically preload their muscles in order to play the stroke more dynamically. What stance is selected is strongly influenced by shot selection. A player may quickly alter their stance depending on the circumstances and the type of shot they intend to play. Any given stance also alters dramatically based upon the actual playing of the shot with dynamic movements and shifts of body weight occurring.
There are four main stances in tennis. These are; open, semi-open, closed and neutral. While open stance is the most common stance, closed stance is least common one.
Where did the bishop live after 1801?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where did the bishop live after 1801? ### Input: He was named bishop of Saint-Omer on 29 June 1775, then bishop of Carcassonne in 1778. In 1788, he became the Archbishop of Bourges.[1] A deputy to Estates-General of 1789, on the French Revolution he emigrated to Wolfenbüttel, where he lived with the archbishop of Rheims, Talleyrand-Périgord. The 1801 Concordat between France and the Pope forced him to resign, but allowed him to return to Rabastens, where he then lived until his death. ### Response:
He was named bishop of Saint-Omer on 29 June 1775, then bishop of Carcassonne in 1778. In 1788, he became the Archbishop of Bourges.[1] A deputy to Estates-General of 1789, on the French Revolution he emigrated to Wolfenbüttel, where he lived with the archbishop of Rheims, Talleyrand-Périgord. The 1801 Concordat between France and the Pope forced him to resign, but allowed him to return to Rabastens, where he then lived until his death.
The bishop lived in Rabastens after 1801, where he resided until his death, after being forced to resign by the pope.
How did Kdramas become so popular?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How did Kdramas become so popular? ### Response:
Korean dramas or Kdramas have been popular for over 2 decades now. However, the rise in popularity shot up during the pandemic. Kdramas were initially watched by people in Southeast Asian countries and in some places in South Asia. When the pandemic hit, a lot of Kdramas were available on Netflix making it easier for people to watch them. With word of mouth, this soon spread and more and more users were watching Kdramas. Netflix took advantage of this viewership and started making dramas of their own or buying rights for dramas to be streaming exclusively on Netflix. This soon led to Disney and other platforms making dramas of their own. Kpop has also helped in attracting viewers. Whether it's the captivating story plot, the acting, actors or action, the Hallyu wave has spread throughout the world.
How many players are on a hockey team?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many players are on a hockey team? ### Response:
An NHL hockey team can max a maximum of 20 players in 1 game. Typically, teams will have 12 forwards, 6 defensemen and 2 goalies, however, some teams will choose to play 11 forwards and 7 defensemen. Teams will typically have 3 forwards, 2 defensemen and a goalie on the ice at one time. Teams that commit a foul or penalty are penalized by temporarily sending one of their players to a penalty box, thus giving their opponents a man advantage, called a power play.
Name a famous American author who wrote stories about the American South during the early 20th century.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name a famous American author who wrote stories about the American South during the early 20th century. ### Response:
Erskine Caldwell is a celebrated American author who wrote short stories on the rural deep south in the United States of America. Most of his work was published in the 1930’s through the 1950’s with a few being Tobacco Road, Georgia Boy, and God’s Little acre.
Give a list of domestic animals can be turned to pets
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give a list of domestic animals can be turned to pets ### Response:
dogs cats rabbits parrots pegions etc
What was the public reaction to the draft during the Vietnam War?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the public reaction to the draft during the Vietnam War? ### Response:
The Vietnam War Draft was met with widespread protests and draft dodging in order to avoid conscription, which eventually led to public opinion during against the war
How many letters there are in the Japanese language?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many letters there are in the Japanese language? ### Response:
here are 46 basic characters in the Japanese alphabet and additional characters/sounds that can be made from the basic 46. Each of the alphabet symbols forms one syllable made of the 21 romaji, which is phonetic and always read the same way.
What are the best months to visit Alaska?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the best months to visit Alaska? ### Response:
Spring through summer are the best months to visit Alaska owing to warmer temperatures that fluctuate between 60F - 67F and the long days make it ideal for tourists to explore the state.
What are some good US and Canada summer vacation ideas if I like mountains, lakes, and trees?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some good US and Canada summer vacation ideas if I like mountains, lakes, and trees? ### Response:
There are many great locations in the US and Canada. Here's a list restricted to places with mountains, lakes, and trees: 1. Maine and Vermont 2. Minnesota 3. Yosemite and Lake Tahoe 4. Northern California, Oregon, and Washington 5. British Columbia 6. Lake Louise
Tell me whether these are names of paintings or song titles: The Starry Night, Mona Lisa, Irises, Billie Jean, Hey Jude, Come As You Are.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Tell me whether these are names of paintings or song titles: The Starry Night, Mona Lisa, Irises, Billie Jean, Hey Jude, Come As You Are. ### Response:
The Starry Night is a famous painting painting by the Dutch Post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh. Mona Lisa is a painting by Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. Irises is a painting of irises by the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh. Billie Jean is a song by American singer Michael Jackson. Hey Jude is a song by English rock band the Beatles. Come As You Are is a song by American rock band Nirvana.
Will being fully autonomous change the future of car design ?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Will being fully autonomous change the future of car design ? ### Response:
If cars reach a stage of full autonomy and no longer need input to drive from a human, this can radically change the interior and exterior of a car. There might not be a need for a driver cockpit and the steering console can be completely removed and potentially all seats could be inward facing to maximize human interaction. All windows can be removed and replaced with tablets. Removing glass windows and replacing it with a more protective alloy shell, also means potentially increasing the safety of the passengers. Size and shape of the vehicles will also change as they can become containerized, where multiple vehicles can interact with each other and lock in and out, much like how trains work.
How can I improve my sleep?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How can I improve my sleep? ### Response:
There are a number of variables that can help you improve your sleep. It is important to try different recommendations and see which ones will have the biggest impact for you. Sleep is the foundation of our mental and physical health and performance in all endeavors. 1) View sunlight by going outside within 30-60 minutes of waking. Do that again in the late afternoon, prior to sunset. If you wake up before the sun is out and you want to be awake, turn on artificial lights and then go outside once the sun rises. On bright cloudless days: view morning and afternoon sun for 10 min; cloudy days: 20 min; very overcast days 30-60 min. If you live someplace with very minimal light, consider an artificial daytime simulator source. Don’t wear sunglasses for this practice if you safely can, but contact lenses and eyeglasses are fine. No, you don’t have to look directly at the sun, and never look at ANY light so bright it is painful to view! That said, you can’t wear a brimmed hat, sunglasses and remain in the shade and expect to “wake up” your circadian clock. 2) Wake up at the same time each day and go to sleep when you first start to feel sleepy. Pushing through the sleepy late evening feeling and going to sleep too late is one reason people wake at 3 am and can’t fall back asleep. 3) Avoid caffeine within 8-10 hours of bedtime. 4) Avoid viewing bright lights—especially bright overhead lights between 10 pm and 4 am. Here is a simple rule: only use as much artificial lighting as is necessary for you to remain and move about safely at night. Blue blockers can help a bit at night but still dim the lights. Viewing bright lights of all colors are a problem for your circadian system. Candlelight and moonlight are fine. 5) Limit daytime naps to less than 90 min, or don’t nap at all. 6) If you wake up in the middle of the night (which, by the way, is normal to do once or so each night) but you can’t fall back asleep, consider doing an NSDR protocol when you wake up. 7) Keep the room you sleep in cool and dark and layer on blankets that you can remove. Your body needs to drop in temperature by 1-3 degrees to fall and stay asleep effectively. Body temperature increases are one reason you wake up. Thus, keep your room cool and remove blankets as needed. If it’s too hot you would have to use a cooling device and that’s harder than simply tossing off blankets if you get too warm. 8) Drinking alcohol messes up your sleep. As do most sleep medications. 9) Kids have changing sleep needs over time. Adjust accordingly. Teens might be night owls at 15 but become “morning people” as they age or need 6 hours a night in summer and 7-8 in winter. It will vary.
Classify these objects as edible or inedible: pizza, slipper, cake, banana, biscuit, shoe, pencil, chalk, soda, juice, television, computer, mirror, cereal, rice
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify these objects as edible or inedible: pizza, slipper, cake, banana, biscuit, shoe, pencil, chalk, soda, juice, television, computer, mirror, cereal, rice ### Response:
These items are edible: pizza, cake, banana, biscuit, soda, cereal, rice These items are inedible: slipper, shoe, pencil, chalk, television, computer, mirror
Classify each of the following as either a dog breed or a cat breed: Himalayan, snowshoe, Norwegian Forest, American Eskimo, keeshond, Persian, Jack Russell terrier
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a dog breed or a cat breed: Himalayan, snowshoe, Norwegian Forest, American Eskimo, keeshond, Persian, Jack Russell terrier ### Response:
Dog breed: American Eskimo, keeshond, Jack Russell terrier Cat breed: Himalayan, snowshoe, Norwegian Forest, Persian
What is a quantum computer?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a quantum computer? ### Response:
A quantum computer is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena. At small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and waves, and quantum computing leverages this behavior using specialized hardware. Classical physics cannot explain the operation of these quantum devices, and a scalable quantum computer could perform some calculations exponentially faster than any modern "classical" computer. In particular, a large-scale quantum computer could break widely used encryption schemes and aid physicists in performing physical simulations; however, the current state of the art is still largely experimental and impractical. The basic unit of information in quantum computing is the qubit, similar to the bit in traditional digital electronics. Unlike a classical bit, a qubit can exist in a superposition of its two "basis" states, which loosely means that it is in both states simultaneously. When measuring a qubit, the result is a probabilistic output of a classical bit. If a quantum computer manipulates the qubit in a particular way, wave interference effects can amplify the desired measurement results. The design of quantum algorithms involves creating procedures that allow a quantum computer to perform calculations efficiently. Physically engineering high-quality qubits has proven challenging. If a physical qubit is not sufficiently isolated from its environment, it suffers from quantum decoherence, introducing noise into calculations. National governments have invested heavily in experimental research that aims to develop scalable qubits with longer coherence times and lower error rates. Two of the most promising technologies are superconductors (which isolate an electrical current by eliminating electrical resistance) and ion traps (which confine a single atomic particle using electromagnetic fields). Any computational problem that can be solved by a classical computer can also be solved by a quantum computer. Conversely, any problem that can be solved by a quantum computer can also be solved by a classical computer, at least in principle given enough time. In other words, quantum computers obey the Church–Turing thesis. This means that while quantum computers provide no additional advantages over classical computers in terms of computability, quantum algorithms for certain problems have significantly lower time complexities than corresponding known classical algorithms. Notably, quantum computers are believed to be able to solve certain problems quickly that no classical computer could solve in any feasible amount of time—a feat known as "quantum supremacy." The study of the computational complexity of problems with respect to quantum computers is known as quantum complexity theory.
What is a tardigrade?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a tardigrade? ### Response:
A tardigrade, also called a water bear, is a microscopic animal with 8 legs. They can survive in a diverse range of conditions including outer space!
What are some facts about Aydın İlter?
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some facts about Aydın İlter? ### Input: Aydın İlter (1 July 1930 – 21 April 2022) was a Turkish general. He was General Commander of the Gendarmerie of Turkey (1993 – 1995) and previously served in the Special Warfare Department from 1963 to 1983, including as head of the Department from 1980 to 1983. ### Response:
Aydın İlter (1 July 1930 – 21 April 2022) was a Turkish general. He was General Commander of the Gendarmerie of Turkey (1993 – 1995) and previously served in the Special Warfare Department from 1963 to 1983, including as head of the Department from 1980 to 1983.
Aydın İlter was born on July 1st, 1930. He as a Turkish General Commander of the Gendarmerie of Turkey from 1993 to 1995. Prior to serving as General Commander he served in the Special Warfare Department from 1963 to 1983. He was the head of that department from 1980 to 1983. Aydın İlter died on April 21st, 2022 at the age of 91.
Classify each of the following as either as a country or state: California, Texas, Oklahoma, New York, Illinois.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each of the following as either as a country or state: California, Texas, Oklahoma, New York, Illinois. ### Response:
These are classified as states.
What is GitHub?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is GitHub? ### Response:
GitHub is an Internet hosting service for software development and version control using Git. It provides the distributed version control of Git plus access control, bug tracking, software feature requests, task management, continuous integration, and wikis for every project.
Classify the following as a 'Country', 'State' or 'City': California, Sacramento, Chicago, Singapore, New Delhi, London, Tennessee, New York
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify the following as a 'Country', 'State' or 'City': California, Sacramento, Chicago, Singapore, New Delhi, London, Tennessee, New York ### Response:
California: State Sacramento: City Chicago: City Singapore: Both Country and City New Delhi: City London: City Tennessee: City New York: Both State and City
Name the past 5 FIFA World Cup Champions
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name the past 5 FIFA World Cup Champions ### Response:
Over the past 5 FIFA World Cup Championships, the winners have been Argentina, France, Germany, Spain and Italy
Have any women won the Nobel Prize in Physics?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Have any women won the Nobel Prize in Physics? ### Response:
Four women have won the Nobel Prize in Physics: Marie Skłodowska-Curie (1903), Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1963), Donna Strickland (2018), and Andrea Ghez (2020).
Give me an example of numbers in these categories: Natural Numbers, Prime Number, Composite Number, Whole Numbers, Integers, Rational Numbers, Irrational Numbers, Real Numbers, Complex Number.
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give me an example of numbers in these categories: Natural Numbers, Prime Number, Composite Number, Whole Numbers, Integers, Rational Numbers, Irrational Numbers, Real Numbers, Complex Number. ### Response:
These are a few examples for each type of number: Natural Numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4 Prime Number: 2, 3, 5, 7 Composite Number: 4, 6, 8, 9 Whole Numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3 Integers: -1, 0, 1, 2 Rational Numbers: −1/3, 0.99999…, 7/2, 13/9 Irrational Numbers: √5, √11, √21, π Real Numbers: -2, 0, 1/2, √3 Complex Number: 0.39 + 1.9 i, √5 + √9i, −5 + πi, 2 + i
How do solar panels create energy?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How do solar panels create energy? ### Response:
Solar panels convert the radiant energy from sunlight into electric energy in the form of direct current electricity.
Name five different cuts of beef that I could ask for from a butcher
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name five different cuts of beef that I could ask for from a butcher ### Response:
There are many popular cuts of beef. Three that you could ask your butcher to prepare are brisket, rib and sirloin.
Which parts of India were largely affected by the cyclone Bulbul?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which parts of India were largely affected by the cyclone Bulbul? ### Response:
West Bengal & Odhisha
Where is texas?
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where is texas? ### Response:
Texas is one of the 50 states in the United States. It is located in the center and central part of the United States. It has a coastline along the Gulf of Mexico that extends 350 miles, and a coastline along the Mexico border than extends nearly 2000 miles. The population of Texas is about 30 million people.
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Sakara, Cavaquinho
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Sakara, Cavaquinho ### Response:
Cavaquinho is string, Sakara is percussion.