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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code: DatasetGenerationCastError
Exception: DatasetGenerationCastError
Message: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 1 new columns ({'question'}) and 3 missing columns ({'classified_sentences', 'abstract', 'title'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs/data_example/selected_questions.json (at revision b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f), ['hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_metadata.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_questions.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_triplets.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_questions.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_triplets.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_0.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_1.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_2.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_3.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_4.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_5.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_6.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_7.jsonl'], ['hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_metadata.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_questions.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_triplets.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_questions.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_triplets.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_0.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_1.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_2.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_3.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_4.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_5.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_6.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_7.jsonl']
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1837, in _prepare_split_single
writer.write_table(table)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 765, in write_table
self._write_table(pa_table, writer_batch_size=writer_batch_size)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 773, in _write_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2369, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2297, in cast_table_to_schema
raise CastError(
datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
paper_id: string
question: struct<background: string, method: string, result: string>
child 0, background: string
child 1, method: string
child 2, result: string
to
{'paper_id': Value('string'), 'title': Value('string'), 'abstract': Value('string'), 'classified_sentences': List({'sentence': Value('string'), 'category': Value('string')})}
because column names don't match
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1361, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 940, in stream_convert_to_parquet
builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1683, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1839, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error(
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 1 new columns ({'question'}) and 3 missing columns ({'classified_sentences', 'abstract', 'title'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs/data_example/selected_questions.json (at revision b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f), ['hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_metadata.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_questions.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_triplets.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_questions.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_triplets.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_0.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_1.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_2.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_3.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_4.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_5.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_6.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_7.jsonl'], ['hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_metadata.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_questions.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_example/selected_triplets.json', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_questions.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/facet_triplets.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_0.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_1.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_2.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_3.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_4.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_5.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_6.jsonl', 'hf://datasets/Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs@b2a9ee2f8d7804c7b06bc986cdb47e46bc265f4f/data_full/labeled_metadata_7.jsonl']
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)Need help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
paper_id string | title string | abstract string | classified_sentences list |
|---|---|---|---|
1345 | Three Generative, Lexicalised Models for Statistical Parsing | In this paper we first propose a new statistical parsing model, which is a generative model of lexicalised context-free grammar. We then extend the model to include a probabilistic treatment of both subcategorisation and wh-movement. Results on Wall Street Journal text show that the parser performs at 88.1/87.5% consti... | [
{
"sentence": "In this paper we first propose a new statistical parsing model, which is a generative model of lexicalised context-free grammar.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "We then extend the model to include a probabilistic treatment of both subcategorisation and wh-movement.",
"cat... |
14223 | Grammar as a Foreign Language | Syntactic constituency parsing is a fundamental problem in natural language processing and has been the subject of intensive research and engineering for decades. As a result, the most accurate parsers are domain specific, complex, and inefficient. In this paper we show that the domain agnostic attention-enhanced seque... | [
{
"sentence": "Syntactic constituency parsing is a fundamental problem in natural language processing and has been the subject of intensive research and engineering for decades.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "As a result, the most accurate parsers are domain specific, complex, and inef... |
118556 | The Hearsay-II Speech-Understanding System: Integrating Knowledge to Resolve Uncertainty | The Hearsay-II system, developed during the DARPA-sponsored five-year speech-understanding research program, represents both a specific solution to the speech-understanding problem and a general framework for coordinating independent processes to achieve cooperative problem-solving behavior. As a computational problem,... | [
{
"sentence": "The Hearsay-II system, developed during the DARPA-sponsored five-year speech-understanding research program, represents both a specific solution to the speech-understanding problem and a general framework for coordinating independent processes to achieve cooperative problem-solving behavior.",
... |
149368 | Exploiting affinity propagation for automatic acquisition of domain concept in ontology learning | Semantic Web uses domain ontology to bridge the gap among the members of a domain through minimization of conceptual and terminological incompatibilities. However, several barriers must be overcome before domain ontology becomes a practical and useful tool. One important issue is identification and selection of domain ... | [
{
"sentence": "Semantic Web uses domain ontology to bridge the gap among the members of a domain through minimization of conceptual and terminological incompatibilities.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "However, several barriers must be overcome before domain ontology becomes a practical... |
281719 | Selective Deep Convolutional Features for Image Retrieval | Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a very powerful approach to extract discriminative local descriptors for effective image search. Recent work adopts fine-tuned strategies to further improve the discriminative power of the descriptors. Taking a different approach, in this paper, we propose a novel framework to achi... | [
{
"sentence": "Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a very powerful approach to extract discriminative local descriptors for effective image search.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Recent work adopts fine-tuned strategies to further improve the discriminative power of the descriptors."... |
297308 | Correlation of psychooncological distress- screening and quality of life assessment in neurosurgical patients | Background Cerebral tumors are associated with high rates of anxiety, depression and reduced health related quality of life. But still psychooncological screening instruments are not implemented in the daily routine of neurosurgical departments. In contrast the EORTC QLQ-C30/ EORTC QLQ- BN20 questionnaire is often used... | [
{
"sentence": "Background Cerebral tumors are associated with high rates of anxiety, depression and reduced health related quality of life.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "But still psychooncological screening instruments are not implemented in the daily routine of neurosurgical departm... |
344349 | A new approach to interdomain routing based on secure multi-party computation | Interdomain routing involves coordination among mutually distrustful parties, leading to the requirements that BGP provide policy autonomy, flexibility, and privacy. BGP provides these properties via the distributed execution of policy-based decisions during the iterative route computation process. This approach has po... | [
{
"sentence": "Interdomain routing involves coordination among mutually distrustful parties, leading to the requirements that BGP provide policy autonomy, flexibility, and privacy.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "BGP provides these properties via the distributed execution of policy-base... |
357776 | Supervised hashing with kernels | Recent years have witnessed the growing popularity of hashing in large-scale vision problems. It has been shown that the hashing quality could be boosted by leveraging supervised information into hash function learning. However, the existing supervised methods either lack adequate performance or often incur cumbersome ... | [
{
"sentence": "Recent years have witnessed the growing popularity of hashing in large-scale vision problems.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "It has been shown that the hashing quality could be boosted by leveraging supervised information into hash function learning.",
"category": "b... |
641747 | State-of-the-Art in Visual Attention Modeling | Modeling visual attention-particularly stimulus-driven, saliency-based attention-has been a very active research area over the past 25 years. Many different models of attention are now available which, aside from lending theoretical contributions to other fields, have demonstrated successful applications in computer vi... | [
{
"sentence": "Modeling visual attention-particularly stimulus-driven, saliency-based attention-has been a very active research area over the past 25 years.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Many different models of attention are now available which, aside from lending theoretical contrib... |
1048051 | An Empirical Analysis of Phishing Blacklists | In this paper, we study the eectiveness of phishing blacklists. We used 191 fresh phish that were less than 30 minutes old to conduct two tests on eight anti-phishing toolbars. We found that 63% of the phishing campaigns in our dataset lasted less than two hours. Blacklists were ineective when protecting users initiall... | [
{
"sentence": "In this paper, we study the eectiveness of phishing blacklists.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We used 191 fresh phish that were less than 30 minutes old to conduct two tests on eight anti-phishing toolbars.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "We found t... |
1119562 | High Prevalence of Abnormal Glucose Metabolism and Poor Sensitivity of Fasting Plasma Glucose in the Chronic Phase of Stroke | Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in long-term stroke survivors, and whole-body glucose metabolism is strongly linked to cardiovascular disease risk. This study provides important preliminary information on the prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism in chronic stroke patients (mean 3 y... | [
{
"sentence": "Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in long-term stroke survivors, and whole-body glucose metabolism is strongly linked to cardiovascular disease risk.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "This study provides important preliminary information on th... |
1192893 | Cycle Life Evaluation Based on Accelerated Aging Testing for Lithium-Ion Capacitors as Alternative to Rechargeable Batteries | Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are a hybrid energy storage device combining the energy storage mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), and are considered attractive not only in high-power applications but also as an alternative to rechargeable batteries due to their inher... | [
{
"sentence": "Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are a hybrid energy storage device combining the energy storage mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), and are considered attractive not only in high-power applications but also as an alternative to rechargeable batte... |
1234761 | Beyond Locality-Sensitive Hashing | We present a new data structure for the c-approximate near neighbor problem (ANN) in the Euclidean space. For n points in Rd, our algorithm achieves Oc(nρ + dlogn) query time and Oc(n1+ρ + dlogn) space, where ρ ≤ 7/(8c2) + O(1/c3) + oc(1). This is the first improvement over the result by Andoni and Indyk (FOCS 2006) an... | [
{
"sentence": "We present a new data structure for the c-approximate near neighbor problem (ANN) in the Euclidean space.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "For n points in Rd, our algorithm achieves Oc(nρ + dlogn) query time and Oc(n1+ρ + dlogn) space, where ρ ≤ 7/(8c2) + O(1/c3) + oc(1).",
... |
1334960 | Frequency-tuned salient region detection | Detection of visually salient image regions is useful for applications like object segmentation, adaptive compression, and object recognition. In this paper, we introduce a method for salient region detection that outputs full resolution saliency maps with well-defined boundaries of salient objects. These boundaries ar... | [
{
"sentence": "Detection of visually salient image regions is useful for applications like object segmentation, adaptive compression, and object recognition.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "In this paper, we introduce a method for salient region detection that outputs full resolution sa... |
1392065 | Analysis of chain reaction between two stock indices fluctuations by statistical physics systems | In this paper, we consider the statistical properties of chain reaction of stock indices. The theory of interacting systems and statistical physics are applied to describe and study the fluctuations of two stock indices in a stock market, and the properties of the interacting reaction of the two indices are investigate... | [
{
"sentence": "In this paper, we consider the statistical properties of chain reaction of stock indices.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "The theory of interacting systems and statistical physics are applied to describe and study the fluctuations of two stock indices in a stock market, a... |
1622331 | Intranuclear Anchoring of Repetitive DNA Sequences | Centromeres, telomeres, and ribosomal gene clusters consist of repetitive DNA sequences. To assess their contributions to the spatial organization of the interphase genome, their interactions with the nucleoskeleton were examined in quiescent and activated human lymphocytes. The nucleoskeletons were prepared using “phy... | [
{
"sentence": "Centromeres, telomeres, and ribosomal gene clusters consist of repetitive DNA sequences.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "To assess their contributions to the spatial organization of the interphase genome, their interactions with the nucleoskeleton were examined in quiesce... |
1683999 | Effects of Ammonia and β‐Methylene‐dl‐Aspartate on the Oxidation of Glucose and Pyruvate by Neurons and Astrocytes in Primary Culture | Abstract: Both ammonia and β‐methylene‐dl‐aspartate (β‐MA), an irreversible inhibitor of aspartate aminotransferase activity and thus of the malate‐aspartate shuttle, were found previously to decrease oxidative metabolism in cerebral cortex slices. In the present work, the possibility that ammonia and β‐MA affect energ... | [
{
"sentence": "Both ammonia and β‐methylene‐dl‐aspartate (β‐MA), an irreversible inhibitor of aspartate aminotransferase activity and thus of the malate‐aspartate shuttle, were found previously to decrease oxidative metabolism in cerebral cortex slices.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "I... |
1916754 | Simple Semi-supervised Dependency Parsing | We present a simple and effective semisupervised method for training dependency parsers. We focus on the problem of lexical representation, introducing features that incorporate word clusters derived from a large unannotated corpus. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in a series of dependency parsing expe... | [
{
"sentence": "We present a simple and effective semisupervised method for training dependency parsers.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "We focus on the problem of lexical representation, introducing features that incorporate word clusters derived from a large unannotated corpus.",
"cate... |
1968620 | Trading sex: Voluntary or coerced? The experiences of homeless youth | This study examined the circumstances surrounding a homeless youth's “decision “ to trade sex for food, money, shelter, or drugs. Forty homeless youth in 4 Midwestern states participated in individual, in‐depth qualitative interviews. Interviewers recruited youth through both service agencies and street outreach. The f... | [
{
"sentence": "This study examined the circumstances surrounding a homeless youth's “decision “ to trade sex for food, money, shelter, or drugs.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Forty homeless youth in 4 Midwestern states participated in individual, in‐depth qualitative interviews.",
... |
2097188 | Simultaneous Feature Aggregating and Hashing for Large-Scale Image Search | In most state-of-the-art hashing-based visual search systems, local image descriptors of an image are first aggregated as a single feature vector. This feature vector is then subjected to a hashing function that produces a binary hash code. In previous work, the aggregating and the hashing processes are designed indepe... | [
{
"sentence": "In most state-of-the-art hashing-based visual search systems, local image descriptors of an image are first aggregated as a single feature vector.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "This feature vector is then subjected to a hashing function that produces a binary hash code.... |
2361503 | K-Means Hashing: An Affinity-Preserving Quantization Method for Learning Binary Compact Codes | In computer vision there has been increasing interest in learning hashing codes whose Hamming distance approximates the data similarity. The hashing functions play roles in both quantizing the vector space and generating similarity-preserving codes. Most existing hashing methods use hyper-planes (or kernelized hyper-pl... | [
{
"sentence": "In computer vision there has been increasing interest in learning hashing codes whose Hamming distance approximates the data similarity.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "The hashing functions play roles in both quantizing the vector space and generating similarity-preservi... |
2467910 | Robust Multispectral Image Registration Using Mutual-Information Models | Image registration is a vital step in the processing of multispectral imagery. The accuracy to which imagery collected at multiple wavelengths can be aligned directly affects the resolution of the spectral end products. Automated registration of the multispectral imagery can often be unreliable, particularly between vi... | [
{
"sentence": "Image registration is a vital step in the processing of multispectral imagery.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "The accuracy to which imagery collected at multiple wavelengths can be aligned directly affects the resolution of the spectral end products.",
"category": "b... |
2519230 | Deep semantic ranking based hashing for multi-label image retrieval | With the rapid growth of web images, hashing has received increasing interests in large scale image retrieval. Research efforts have been devoted to learning compact binary codes that preserve semantic similarity based on labels. However, most of these hashing methods are designed to handle simple binary similarity. Th... | [
{
"sentence": "With the rapid growth of web images, hashing has received increasing interests in large scale image retrieval.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Research efforts have been devoted to learning compact binary codes that preserve semantic similarity based on labels.",
"cat... |
2605321 | Iterative Quantization: A Procrustean Approach to Learning Binary Codes for Large-Scale Image Retrieval | This paper addresses the problem of learning similarity-preserving binary codes for efficient similarity search in large-scale image collections. We formulate this problem in terms of finding a rotation of zero-centered data so as to minimize the quantization error of mapping this data to the vertices of a zero-centere... | [
{
"sentence": "This paper addresses the problem of learning similarity-preserving binary codes for efficient similarity search in large-scale image collections.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We formulate this problem in terms of finding a rotation of zero-centered data so as to minimi... |
2621465 | Exploring Compositional Architectures and Word Vector Representations for Prepositional Phrase Attachment | Prepositional phrase (PP) attachment disambiguation is a known challenge in syntactic parsing. The lexical sparsity associated with PP attachments motivates research in word representations that can capture pertinent syntactic and semantic features of the word. One promising solution is to use word vectors induced from... | [
{
"sentence": "Prepositional phrase (PP) attachment disambiguation is a known challenge in syntactic parsing.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "The lexical sparsity associated with PP attachments motivates research in word representations that can capture pertinent syntactic and semantic ... |
2839336 | Effects of Alcohol and Other Drugs on Driver Performance | In the past century we have learned that driving performance is impaired by alcohol even in low dosage, and that many other drugs are also linked to impairment. This paper is a summary of some of the more relevant studies in the past fifty years – an overview of our knowledge and unanswered questions. There is no evide... | [
{
"sentence": "In the past century we have learned that driving performance is impaired by alcohol even in low dosage, and that many other drugs are also linked to impairment.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "This paper is a summary of some of the more relevant studies in the past fifty ... |
2880288 | Online Comments on Smoking Bans in Psychiatric Hospitals Units | Objective: Individuals with mental health concerns are disproportionately affected by and suffer the negative consequences of tobacco use disorder, perhaps because smoking has historically been part of psychiatry's culture. In the early 1990s, psychiatric inpatient facilities were exempted from U.S. hospital smoking ba... | [
{
"sentence": "Objective: Individuals with mental health concerns are disproportionately affected by and suffer the negative consequences of tobacco use disorder, perhaps because smoking has historically been part of psychiatry's culture.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "In the early 199... |
2915436 | End-to-end Congestion Control for Flows with Variable Packet Size | Current TCP-friendly congestion control mechanisms such as those used in TFRC adjust the packet rate in order to adapt to network conditions and obtain a throughput not exceeding that of a TCP connection operating under the same conditions. In an environment where the bottleneck resource is packet processing, this is t... | [
{
"sentence": "Current TCP-friendly congestion control mechanisms such as those used in TFRC adjust the packet rate in order to adapt to network conditions and obtain a throughput not exceeding that of a TCP connection operating under the same conditions.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": ... |
3108956 | A Model of Saliency-Based Visual Attention for Rapid Scene Analysis | A visual attention system, inspired by the behavior and the neuronal architecture of the early primate visual system, is presented. Multiscale image features are combined into a single topographical saliency map. A dynamical neural network then selects attended locations in order of decreasing saliency. The system brea... | [
{
"sentence": "A visual attention system, inspired by the behavior and the neuronal architecture of the early primate visual system, is presented.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "Multiscale image features are combined into a single topographical saliency map.",
"category": "method"
},... |
3146611 | An Efficient Algorithm for Easy-First Non-Directional Dependency Parsing | We present a novel deterministic dependency parsing algorithm that attempts to create the easiest arcs in the dependency structure first in a non-directional manner. Traditional deterministic parsing algorithms are based on a shift-reduce framework: they traverse the sentence from left-to-right and, at each step, perfo... | [
{
"sentence": "We present a novel deterministic dependency parsing algorithm that attempts to create the easiest arcs in the dependency structure first in a non-directional manner.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "Traditional deterministic parsing algorithms are based on a shift-reduce frame... |
3569355 | Percutaneous cryoablation of breast tumours in patients with stable metastatic breast cancer: safety, feasibility and efficacy. | PURPOSE To evaluate safety, feasibility and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation of breast tumours in patients with clinically stable metastatic breast cancer, and to compare the findings with reports on alternative procedures, namely surgery and local radiotherapy. METHODS 17 female patients (average age of 54.8 year... | [
{
"sentence": "PURPOSE To evaluate safety, feasibility and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation of breast tumours in patients with clinically stable metastatic breast cancer, and to compare the findings with reports on alternative procedures, namely surgery and local radiotherapy.",
"category": "background... |
3670018 | URLNet: Learning a URL Representation with Deep Learning for Malicious URL Detection | Malicious URLs host unsolicited content and are used to perpetrate cybercrimes. It is imperative to detect them in a timely manner. Traditionally, this is done through the usage of blacklists, which cannot be exhaustive, and cannot detect newly generated malicious URLs. To address this, recent years have witnessed seve... | [
{
"sentence": "Malicious URLs host unsolicited content and are used to perpetrate cybercrimes.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "It is imperative to detect them in a timely manner.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Traditionally, this is done through the usage of bl... |
3693305 | A Survey on Learning to Hash | Nearest neighbor search is a problem of finding the data points from the database such that the distances from them to the query point are the smallest. Learning to hash is one of the major solutions to this problem and has been widely studied recently. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the learning t... | [
{
"sentence": "Nearest neighbor search is a problem of finding the data points from the database such that the distances from them to the query point are the smallest.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Learning to hash is one of the major solutions to this problem and has been widely stud... |
4600117 | A Fiber Optic Interferometric Sensor Platform for Determining Gas Diffusivity in Zeolite Films | Fiber optic interferometer (FOI) sensors have been fabricated by directly growing pure-silica MFI-type zeolite (i.e., silicalite) films on straight-cut endfaces of single-mode communication optical fibers. The FOI sensor has been demonstrated for determining molecular diffusivity in the zeolite by monitoring the tempor... | [
{
"sentence": "Fiber optic interferometer (FOI) sensors have been fabricated by directly growing pure-silica MFI-type zeolite (i.e., silicalite) films on straight-cut endfaces of single-mode communication optical fibers.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "The FOI sensor has been demonstrated f... |
4808651 | Renormalization for a Scalar Field in an External Scalar Potential | The Pauli--Villars regularization procedure confirms and sharpens the conclusions reached previously by covariant point splitting. The divergences in the stress tensor of a quantized scalar field interacting with a static scalar potential are isolated into a three-parameter local, covariant functional of the background... | [
{
"sentence": "The Pauli--Villars regularization procedure confirms and sharpens the conclusions reached previously by covariant point splitting.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "The divergences in the stress tensor of a quantized scalar field interacting with a static scalar potential are i... |
5767210 | The Use of Ensembles to Identify Forecasts with Small and Large Uncertainty | Abstract In the past decade ensemble forecasting has developed into an integral part of numerical weather prediction. Flow-dependent forecast probability distributions can be readily generated from an ensemble, allowing for the identification of forecast cases with high and low uncertainty. The ability of the NCEP ense... | [
{
"sentence": "Abstract In the past decade ensemble forecasting has developed into an integral part of numerical weather prediction.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Flow-dependent forecast probability distributions can be readily generated from an ensemble, allowing for the identificati... |
5981544 | Saliency detection using maximum symmetric surround | Detection of visually salient image regions is useful for applications like object segmentation, adaptive compression, and object recognition. Recently, full-resolution salient maps that retain well-defined boundaries have attracted attention. In these maps, boundaries are preserved by retaining substantially more freq... | [
{
"sentence": "Detection of visually salient image regions is useful for applications like object segmentation, adaptive compression, and object recognition.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Recently, full-resolution salient maps that retain well-defined boundaries have attracted attenti... |
6061457 | Contribution of stratospheric ozone to the interannual variability of tropospheric ozone in the northern extratropics | [1] We examined the role of variability in the input of stratospheric ozone on the interannual variability of tropospheric ozone in the northern extratropics using correlations of monthly ozone anomalies for the lower stratosphere and the troposphere. We used output from a multiyear simulation of the NASA Goddard Space... | [
{
"sentence": "We examined the role of variability in the input of stratospheric ozone on the interannual variability of tropospheric ozone in the northern extratropics using correlations of monthly ozone anomalies for the lower stratosphere and the troposphere.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence... |
6069002 | Modelling of sensory and instrumental texture parameters in processed cheese by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy | This study investigated the application of near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to the measurement of texture (sensory and instrumental) in experimental processed cheese samples. Spectra (750 to 2498 nm) of cheeses were recorded after 2 and 4 weeks storage at 4 °C. Trained assessors evaluated 9 sensory properti... | [
{
"sentence": "This study investigated the application of near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to the measurement of texture (sensory and instrumental) in experimental processed cheese samples.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Spectra (750 to 2498 nm) of cheeses were recorded aft... |
6235360 | Improving Coreference Resolution by Learning Entity-Level Distributed Representations | A long-standing challenge in coreference resolution has been the incorporation of entity-level information - features defined over clusters of mentions instead of mention pairs. We present a neural network based coreference system that produces high-dimensional vector representations for pairs of coreference clusters. ... | [
{
"sentence": "A long-standing challenge in coreference resolution has been the incorporation of entity-level information - features defined over clusters of mentions instead of mention pairs.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We present a neural network based coreference system that prod... |
6455915 | Deeper syntax for better semantic parsing | Syntax plays an important role in the task of predicting the semantic structure of a sentence. But syntactic phenomena such as alternations, control and raising tend to obfuscate the relation between syntax and semantics. In this paper we predict the semantic structure of a sentence using a deeper syntax than what is u... | [
{
"sentence": "Syntax plays an important role in the task of predicting the semantic structure of a sentence.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "But syntactic phenomena such as alternations, control and raising tend to obfuscate the relation between syntax and semantics.",
"category": ... |
6493988 | Corpus Based PP Attachment Ambiguity Resolution with a Semantic Dictionary | This paper deals with two important ambiguities of natural language: prepositional phrase attachment and word sense ambiguity. We propose a new supervised learning method for PPattachment based on a semantically tagged corpus. Because any sufficiently big sense-tagged corpus does not exist, we also propose a new unsupe... | [
{
"sentence": "This paper deals with two important ambiguities of natural language: prepositional phrase attachment and word sense ambiguity.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We propose a new supervised learning method for PPattachment based on a semantically tagged corpus.",
"catego... |
6946103 | Embedding Lexical Features via Low-Rank Tensors | Modern NLP models rely heavily on engineered features, which often combine word and contextual information into complex lexical features. Such combination results in large numbers of features, which can lead to over-fitting. We present a new model that represents complex lexical features---comprised of parts for words,... | [
{
"sentence": "Modern NLP models rely heavily on engineered features, which often combine word and contextual information into complex lexical features.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Such combination results in large numbers of features, which can lead to over-fitting.",
"category... |
7019971 | CD28 expression is required after T cell priming for helper T cell responses and protective immunity to infection | The co-stimulatory molecule CD28 is essential for activation of helper T cells. Despite this critical role, it is not known whether CD28 has functions in maintaining T cell responses following activation. To determine the role for CD28 after T cell priming, we generated a strain of mice where CD28 is removed from CD4+ ... | [
{
"sentence": "The co-stimulatory molecule CD28 is essential for activation of helper T cells.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Despite this critical role, it is not known whether CD28 has functions in maintaining T cell responses following activation.",
"category": "background"
},... |
7054314 | Molecular mimicry between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 V3 loop and human brain proteins | Immunologically cross-reactive proteins in the human brain that resemble the V3 loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 have been identified. When several homogenized tissues from normal brains were used, a monoclonal antibody raised against amino acids 308 to 320 of the V3 loop reacted with three pro... | [
{
"sentence": "Immunologically cross-reactive proteins in the human brain that resemble the V3 loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 have been identified.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "When several homogenized tissues from normal brains were used, a monoclonal anti... |
7302715 | A Methodology for Exposing Process Risk in Emergent System Properties | Determining whether software and systems achieve desired emergent properties, such as safety, reliability, or security, requires an analysis of the system as a whole. This requires the system to be in the latter stages of development, when changes are difficult and costly to implement. In this paper, we propose the Pro... | [
{
"sentence": "Determining whether software and systems achieve desired emergent properties, such as safety, reliability, or security, requires an analysis of the system as a whole.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "This requires the system to be in the latter stages of development, when ... |
8017095 | Full-frame video stabilization | Video stabilization is an important video enhancement technology which aims at removing annoying shaky motion from videos. We propose a practical and robust approach of video stabilization that produces full-frame stabilized videos with good visual quality. While most previous methods end up with producing low resoluti... | [
{
"sentence": "Video stabilization is an important video enhancement technology which aims at removing annoying shaky motion from videos.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We propose a practical and robust approach of video stabilization that produces full-frame stabilized videos with goo... |
8629021 | Detecting Malicious Web Links and Identifying Their Attack Types | Malicious URLs have been widely used to mount various cyber attacks including spamming, phishing and malware. Detection of malicious URLs and identification of threat types are critical to thwart these attacks. Knowing the type of a threat enables estimation of severity of the attack and helps adopt an effective counte... | [
{
"sentence": "Malicious URLs have been widely used to mount various cyber attacks including spamming, phishing and malware.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Detection of malicious URLs and identification of threat types are critical to thwart these attacks.",
"category": "background... |
9496819 | All About VLAD | The objective of this paper is large scale object instance retrieval, given a query image. A starting point of such systems is feature detection and description, for example using SIFT. The focus of this paper, however, is towards very large scale retrieval where, due to storage requirements, very compact image descrip... | [
{
"sentence": "The objective of this paper is large scale object instance retrieval, given a query image.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "A starting point of such systems is feature detection and description, for example using SIFT.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence"... |
10426543 | Using Self-Organizing Maps for Fraud Prediction at Online Auction Sites | Online auction sites have to deal with a enormous amount of product listings, of which a fraction is fraudulent. Although small in proportion, fraudulent listings are costly for site operators, buyers and legitimate sellers. Fraud prediction in this scenario can benefit significantly from machine learning techniques, a... | [
{
"sentence": "Online auction sites have to deal with a enormous amount of product listings, of which a fraction is fraudulent.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Although small in proportion, fraudulent listings are costly for site operators, buyers and legitimate sellers.",
"category... |
10486135 | eXpose: A Character-Level Convolutional Neural Network with Embeddings For Detecting Malicious URLs, File Paths and Registry Keys | For years security machine learning research has promised to obviate the need for signature based detection by automatically learning to detect indicators of attack. Unfortunately, this vision hasn't come to fruition: in fact, developing and maintaining today's security machine learning systems can require engineering ... | [
{
"sentence": "For years security machine learning research has promised to obviate the need for signature based detection by automatically learning to detect indicators of attack.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Unfortunately, this vision hasn't come to fruition: in fact, developing an... |
10913456 | Event Detection and Domain Adaptation with Convolutional Neural Networks | We study the event detection problem using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that overcome the two fundamental limitations of the traditional feature-based approaches to this task: complicated feature engineering for rich feature sets and error propagation from the preceding stages which generate these features. The... | [
{
"sentence": "We study the event detection problem using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that overcome the two fundamental limitations of the traditional feature-based approaches to this task: complicated feature engineering for rich feature sets and error propagation from the preceding stages which gener... |
11010048 | Saliency estimation using a non-parametric low-level vision model | Many successful models for predicting attention in a scene involve three main steps: convolution with a set of filters, a center-surround mechanism and spatial pooling to construct a saliency map. However, integrating spatial information and justifying the choice of various parameter values remain open problems. In thi... | [
{
"sentence": "Many successful models for predicting attention in a scene involve three main steps: convolution with a set of filters, a center-surround mechanism and spatial pooling to construct a saliency map.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "However, integrating spatial information an... |
11106781 | FAemb: A function approximation-based embedding method for image retrieval | The objective of this paper is to design an embedding method mapping local features describing image (e.g. SIFT) to a higher dimensional representation used for image retrieval problem. By investigating the relationship between the linear approximation of a nonlinear function in high dimensional space and state-of-the-... | [
{
"sentence": "The objective of this paper is to design an embedding method mapping local features describing image (e.g. SIFT) to a higher dimensional representation used for image retrieval problem.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "By investigating the relationship between the linear appro... |
11403097 | Adaptive Multi-Compositionality for Recursive Neural Models with Applications to Sentiment Analysis | Recursive neural models have achieved promising results in many natural language processing tasks. The main difference among these models lies in the composition function, i.e., how to obtain the vector representation for a phrase or sentence using the representations of words it contains. This paper introduces a novel... | [
{
"sentence": "Recursive neural models have achieved promising results in many natural language processing tasks.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "The main difference among these models lies in the composition function, i.e., how to obtain the vector representation for a phrase or senten... |
11505317 | Indonesian Twitter text authority classification for government in Bandung | Nowadays, social media based complaint management systems have been deployed in several countries and cities including Bandung. We proposed an automatic authority classification for Twitter text in Indonesian as part of the complaint management system. Our analysis showed that there are several Twitter message types ra... | [
{
"sentence": "Nowadays, social media based complaint management systems have been deployed in several countries and cities including Bandung.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We proposed an automatic authority classification for Twitter text in Indonesian as part of the complaint manage... |
11599080 | Coarse-to-Fine n-Best Parsing and MaxEnt Discriminative Reranking | Discriminative reranking is one method for constructing high-performance statistical parsers (Collins, 2000). A discriminative reranker requires a source of candidate parses for each sentence. This paper describes a simple yet novel method for constructing sets of 50-best parses based on a coarse-to-fine generative par... | [
{
"sentence": "Discriminative reranking is one method for constructing high-performance statistical parsers (Collins, 2000).",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "A discriminative reranker requires a source of candidate parses for each sentence.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"se... |
13218809 | Trypanosoma brucei FLA1 Is Required for Flagellum Attachment and Cytokinesis* | The single flagellum of the protozoan parasiteTrypanosoma brucei is attached along the length of the cell body by a complex structure that requires the FLA1 protein. We show here that inhibition of FLA1 expression by RNA interference in procyclic trypanosomes causes flagellar detachment and prevents cytokinesis. Despit... | [
{
"sentence": "The single flagellum of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei is attached along the length of the cell body by a complex structure that requires the FLA1 protein.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We show here that inhibition of FLA1 expression by RNA interference in pr... |
14305261 | On the importance of pair-wise feature correlations for image classification | We show that simple linear classification of pairwise products of convolutional features achieves near state-of-the-art performance on some standard labelled image databases. Specifically, we found test classification error rates on the MNIST handwritten digits image database of under 0.5%, and achieved under 19% and u... | [
{
"sentence": "We show that simple linear classification of pairwise products of convolutional features achieves near state-of-the-art performance on some standard labelled image databases.",
"category": "result"
},
{
"sentence": "Specifically, we found test classification error rates on the MNIST h... |
14327909 | Dynamic visual attention: searching for coding length increments | A visual attention system should respond placidly when common stimuli are presented, while at the same time keep alert to anomalous visual inputs. In this paper, a dynamic visual attention model based on the rarity of features is proposed. We introduce the Incremental Coding Length (ICL) to measure the perspective entr... | [
{
"sentence": "A visual attention system should respond placidly when common stimuli are presented, while at the same time keep alert to anomalous visual inputs.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "In this paper, a dynamic visual attention model based on the rarity of features is proposed."... |
14615983 | Detecting Malicious Websites by Learning IP Address Features | Web-based malware attacks have become one of the most serious threats that need to be addressed urgently. Several approaches that have attracted attention as promising ways of detecting such malware include employing various blacklists. However, these conventional approaches often fail to detect new attacks owing to th... | [
{
"sentence": "Web-based malware attacks have become one of the most serious threats that need to be addressed urgently.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Several approaches that have attracted attention as promising ways of detecting such malware include employing various blacklists.",
... |
14747729 | (Re)ranking Meets Morphosyntax: State-of-the-art Results from the SPMRL 2013 Shared Task | This paper describes the IMS-SZEGED-CIS contribution to the SPMRL 2013 Shared Task. We participate in both the constituency and dependency tracks, and achieve state-of-theart for all languages. For both tracks we make significant improvements through high quality preprocessing and (re)ranking on top of strong baselines... | [
{
"sentence": "This paper describes the IMS-SZEGED-CIS contribution to the SPMRL 2013 Shared Task.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We participate in both the constituency and dependency tracks, and achieve state-of-theart for all languages.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sente... |
14833979 | Learning to Detect A Salient Object | We study visual attention by detecting a salient object in an input image. We formulate salient object detection as an image segmentation problem, where we separate the salient object from the image background. We propose a set of novel features including multi-scale contrast, center-surround histogram, and color spati... | [
{
"sentence": "We study visual attention by detecting a salient object in an input image.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "We formulate salient object detection as an image segmentation problem, where we separate the salient object from the image background.",
"category": "method"
... |
15218192 | A simple but potentially powerful approach for multilingual parsing | All approaches today for multilingual dependency parsing don’t use any support of sister languages. This paper present a very different approach to deal with data sparsity, language transfer, etc. Our approach really use sister languages theory, combining resources from that type of languages, we want a model who can r... | [
{
"sentence": "All approaches today for multilingual dependency parsing don’t use any support of sister languages.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "This paper present a very different approach to deal with data sparsity, language transfer, etc. Our approach really use sister languages th... |
15261417 | PhishNet: Predictive Blacklisting to Detect Phishing Attacks | Phishing has been easy and effective way for trickery and deception on the Internet. While solutions such as URL blacklisting have been effective to some degree, their reliance on exact match with the blacklisted entries makes it easy for attackers to evade. We start with the observation that attackers often employ sim... | [
{
"sentence": "Phishing has been easy and effective way for trickery and deception on the Internet.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "While solutions such as URL blacklisting have been effective to some degree, their reliance on exact match with the blacklisted entries makes it easy for a... |
15307333 | Low-Rank Tensors for Scoring Dependency Structures | Accurate scoring of syntactic structures such as head-modifier arcs in dependency parsing typically requires rich, highdimensional feature representations. A small subset of such features is often selected manually. This is problematic when features lack clear linguistic meaning as in embeddings or when the information... | [
{
"sentence": "Accurate scoring of syntactic structures such as head-modifier arcs in dependency parsing typically requires rich, highdimensional feature representations.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "A small subset of such features is often selected manually.",
"category": "backg... |
15407650 | Span-Based Constituency Parsing with a Structure-Label System and Provably Optimal Dynamic Oracles | Parsing accuracy using efficient greedy transition systems has improved dramatically in recent years thanks to neural networks. Despite striking results in dependency parsing, however, neural models have not surpassed state-of-the-art approaches in constituency parsing. To remedy this, we introduce a new shift-reduce s... | [
{
"sentence": "Parsing accuracy using efficient greedy transition systems has improved dramatically in recent years thanks to neural networks.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Despite striking results in dependency parsing, however, neural models have not surpassed state-of-the-art appro... |
15664890 | IRST-BP: Preposition Disambiguation based on Chain Clarifying Relationships Contexts | We are going to present a technique of preposition disambiguation based on sense discriminative patterns, which are acquired using a variant of Angluin's algorithm. They represent the essential information extracted from a particular type of local contexts we call Chain Clarifying Relationship contexts. The data set an... | [
{
"sentence": "We are going to present a technique of preposition disambiguation based on sense discriminative patterns, which are acquired using a variant of Angluin's algorithm.",
"category": "method"
},
{
"sentence": "They represent the essential information extracted from a particular type of lo... |
16445820 | Learning to predict where humans look | For many applications in graphics, design, and human computer interaction, it is essential to understand where humans look in a scene. Where eye tracking devices are not a viable option, models of saliency can be used to predict fixation locations. Most saliency approaches are based on bottom-up computation that does n... | [
{
"sentence": "For many applications in graphics, design, and human computer interaction, it is essential to understand where humans look in a scene.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "Where eye tracking devices are not a viable option, models of saliency can be used to predict fixation lo... |
18198301 | Learning Unified Features from Natural and Programming Languages for Locating Buggy Source Code | Bug reports provide an effective way for end-users to disclose potential bugs hidden in a software system, while automatically locating the potential buggy source code according to a bug report remains a great challenge in software maintenance. Many previous studies treated the source code as natural language by repres... | [
{
"sentence": "Bug reports provide an effective way for end-users to disclose potential bugs hidden in a software system, while automatically locating the potential buggy source code according to a bug report remains a great challenge in software maintenance.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentenc... |
152768189 | A Documentary History of Modern Iraq | Previously published histories and primary source collections on the Iraqi experience tend to be topically focused or dedicated to presenting a top-down approach. By contrast, Stacy Holden's A Documentary History of Modern Iraq gives voice to ordinary Iraqis, clarifying the experience of the Shiites, Sunnis, Kurds, Jew... | [
{
"sentence": "Previously published histories and primary source collections on the Iraqi experience tend to be topically focused or dedicated to presenting a top-down approach.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "By contrast, Stacy Holden's A Documentary History of Modern Iraq gives voice ... |
20173528 | Control-oriented modelling and adaptive control of a single-phase quasi-Z-source inverter | One key feature of Z-source and quasi-Z-source converters is the inclusion of a fully reactive network (the Z network) between input voltage source and inverter bridge. The inclusion of the Z network enables the possibility of utilizing the so-called shoot-through mode, i.e. the simultaneous activation of both switches... | [
{
"sentence": "One key feature of Z-source and quasi-Z-source converters is the inclusion of a fully reactive network (the Z network) between input voltage source and inverter bridge.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "The inclusion of the Z network enables the possibility of utilizing the... |
154431099 | Faculty Salary Inequality in U.S. Business Schools: A Mixed Methods Analysis | Through a mixed methods approach, this study provides a greater understanding of salary inequality in U.S. business schools and how it changed between 1998 to 2004. The quantitative research examines full-time faculty using individual-level salary data from both a constant sample of 307 institutions and a larger 2004 s... | [
{
"sentence": "Through a mixed methods approach, this study provides a greater understanding of salary inequality in U.S. business schools and how it changed between 1998 to 2004.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "The quantitative research examines full-time faculty using individual-level... |
20254176 | Dietary Supplementation with Virgin Coconut Oil Improves Lipid Profile and Hepatic Antioxidant Status and Has Potential Benefits on Cardiovascular Risk Indices in Normal Rats | ABSTRACT Research findings that suggest beneficial health effects of dietary supplementation with virgin coconut oil (VCO) are limited in the published literature. This study investigated the in vivo effects of a 5-week VCO-supplemented diet on lipid profile, hepatic antioxidant status, hepatorenal function, and cardio... | [
{
"sentence": "Research findings that suggest beneficial health effects of dietary supplementation with virgin coconut oil (VCO) are limited in the published literature.",
"category": "background"
},
{
"sentence": "This study investigated the in vivo effects of a 5-week VCO-supplemented diet on lipi... |
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