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playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
761
_check_nested_blocks
ref
function
self._check_nested_blocks(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
762
_check_superfluous_else_return
ref
function
self._check_superfluous_else_return(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
763
_check_superfluous_else_raise
ref
function
self._check_superfluous_else_raise(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
764
_check_superfluous_else_break
ref
function
self._check_superfluous_else_break(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
765
_check_superfluous_else_continue
ref
function
self._check_superfluous_else_continue(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
766
_check_consider_get
ref
function
self._check_consider_get(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
767
_check_consider_using_min_max_builtin
ref
function
self._check_consider_using_min_max_builtin(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
769
_check_consider_using_min_max_builtin
def
function
def _check_consider_using_min_max_builtin(self, node: nodes.If): """Check if the given if node can be refactored as a min/max python builtin.""" if self._is_actual_elif(node) or node.orelse: # Not interested in if statements with multiple branches. return if len(node.body) != 1: return body = node.body[0] # Check if condition can be reduced. if not hasattr(body, "targets") or len(body.targets) != 1: return target = body.targets[0] if not ( isinstance(node.test, nodes.Compare) and not isinstance(target, nodes.Subscript) and not isinstance(node.test.left, nodes.Subscript) and isinstance(body, nodes.Assign) ): return # Check that the assignation is on the same variable. if hasattr(node.test.left, "name"): left_operand = node.test.left.name elif hasattr(node.test.left, "attrname"): left_operand = node.test.left.attrname else: return if hasattr(target, "name"): target_assignation = target.name elif hasattr(target, "attrname"): target_assignation = target.attrname else: return if not (left_operand == target_assignation): return if len(node.test.ops) > 1: return if not isinstance(body.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Const)): return operator, right_statement = node.test.ops[0] if isinstance(body.value, nodes.Name): body_value = body.value.name else: body_value = body.value.value if isinstance(right_statement, nodes.Name): right_statement_value = right_statement.name elif isinstance(right_statement, nodes.Const): right_statement_value = right_statement.value else: return # Verify the right part of the statement is the same. if right_statement_value != body_value: return if operator in {"<", "<="}: reduced_to = "{target} = max({target}, {item})".format( target=target_assignation, item=body_value ) self.add_message( "consider-using-max-builtin", node=node, args=(reduced_to,) ) elif operator in {">", ">="}: reduced_to = "{target} = min({target}, {item})".format( target=target_assignation, item=body_value ) self.add_message( "consider-using-min-builtin", node=node, args=(reduced_to,) ) @utils.check_messages("simplifiable-if-expression") def visit_ifexp(self, node: nodes.IfExp) -> None: self._check_simplifiable_ifexp(node) def _check_simplifiable_ifexp(self, node): if not isinstance(node.body, nodes.Const) or not isinstance( node.orelse, nodes.Const ): return if not isinstance(node.body.value, bool) or not isinstance( node.orelse.value, bool ): return if isinstance(node.test, nodes.Compare): test_reduced_to = "test" else: test_reduced_to = "bool(test)" if (node.body.value, node.orelse.value) == (_True, _False): reduced_to = f"'{test_reduced_to}'" elif (node.body.value, node.orelse.value) == (_False, _True): reduced_to = "'not test'" else: return self.add_message("simplifiable-if-expression", node=node, args=(reduced_to,)) @utils.check_messages( "too-many-nested-blocks", "inconsistent-return-statements", "useless-return", "consider-using-with", ) def leave_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: # check left-over nested blocks stack self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self._nested_blocks) # new scope = reinitialize the stack of nested blocks self._nested_blocks = [] # check consistent return statements self._check_consistent_returns(node) # check for single return or return None at the end self._check_return_at_the_end(node) self._return_nodes[node.name] = [] # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("consider-using-with") def leave_classdef(self, _: nodes.ClassDef) -> None: # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("stop-iteration-return") def visit_raise(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> None: self._check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(node) def _check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(self, node): """Check if an exception of type StopIteration is raised inside a generator.""" frame = node.frame(future=_True) if not isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) or not frame.is_generator(): return if utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration): return if not node.exc: return exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if not exc or not isinstance(exc, (astroid.Instance, nodes.ClassDef)): return if self._check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) @staticmethod def _check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): """Return _True if the exception node in argument inherit from StopIteration.""" stopiteration_qname = f"{utils.EXCEPTIONS_MODULE}.StopIteration" return any(_class.qname() == stopiteration_qname for _class in exc.mro()) def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
771
_is_actual_elif
ref
function
if self._is_actual_elif(node) or node.orelse:
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
837
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
844
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
848
check_messages
ref
function
@utils.check_messages("simplifiable-if-expression")
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
849
visit_ifexp
def
function
def visit_ifexp(self, node: nodes.IfExp) -> None: self._check_simplifiable_ifexp(node) def _check_simplifiable_ifexp(self, node): if not isinstance(node.body, nodes.Const) or not isinstance( node.orelse, nodes.Const ): return if not isinstance(node.body.value, bool) or not isinstance( node.orelse.value, bool ): return if isinstance(node.test, nodes.Compare): test_reduced_to = "test" else: test_reduced_to = "bool(test)" if (node.body.value, node.orelse.value) == (_True, _False): reduced_to = f"'{test_reduced_to}'" elif (node.body.value, node.orelse.value) == (_False, _True): reduced_to = "'not test'" else: return self.add_message("simplifiable-if-expression", node=node, args=(reduced_to,)) @utils.check_messages( "too-many-nested-blocks", "inconsistent-return-statements", "useless-return", "consider-using-with", ) def leave_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: # check left-over nested blocks stack self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self._nested_blocks) # new scope = reinitialize the stack of nested blocks self._nested_blocks = [] # check consistent return statements self._check_consistent_returns(node) # check for single return or return None at the end self._check_return_at_the_end(node) self._return_nodes[node.name] = [] # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("consider-using-with") def leave_classdef(self, _: nodes.ClassDef) -> None: # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("stop-iteration-return") def visit_raise(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> None: self._check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(node) def _check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(self, node): """Check if an exception of type StopIteration is raised inside a generator.""" frame = node.frame(future=_True) if not isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) or not frame.is_generator(): return if utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration): return if not node.exc: return exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if not exc or not isinstance(exc, (astroid.Instance, nodes.ClassDef)): return if self._check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) @staticmethod def _check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): """Return _True if the exception node in argument inherit from StopIteration.""" stopiteration_qname = f"{utils.EXCEPTIONS_MODULE}.StopIteration" return any(_class.qname() == stopiteration_qname for _class in exc.mro()) def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
850
_check_simplifiable_ifexp
ref
function
self._check_simplifiable_ifexp(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
852
_check_simplifiable_ifexp
def
function
def _check_simplifiable_ifexp(self, node): if not isinstance(node.body, nodes.Const) or not isinstance( node.orelse, nodes.Const ): return if not isinstance(node.body.value, bool) or not isinstance( node.orelse.value, bool ): return if isinstance(node.test, nodes.Compare): test_reduced_to = "test" else: test_reduced_to = "bool(test)" if (node.body.value, node.orelse.value) == (_True, _False): reduced_to = f"'{test_reduced_to}'" elif (node.body.value, node.orelse.value) == (_False, _True): reduced_to = "'not test'" else: return self.add_message("simplifiable-if-expression", node=node, args=(reduced_to,)) @utils.check_messages( "too-many-nested-blocks", "inconsistent-return-statements", "useless-return", "consider-using-with", ) def leave_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: # check left-over nested blocks stack self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self._nested_blocks) # new scope = reinitialize the stack of nested blocks self._nested_blocks = [] # check consistent return statements self._check_consistent_returns(node) # check for single return or return None at the end self._check_return_at_the_end(node) self._return_nodes[node.name] = [] # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("consider-using-with") def leave_classdef(self, _: nodes.ClassDef) -> None: # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("stop-iteration-return") def visit_raise(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> None: self._check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(node) def _check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(self, node): """Check if an exception of type StopIteration is raised inside a generator.""" frame = node.frame(future=_True) if not isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) or not frame.is_generator(): return if utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration): return if not node.exc: return exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if not exc or not isinstance(exc, (astroid.Instance, nodes.ClassDef)): return if self._check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) @staticmethod def _check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): """Return _True if the exception node in argument inherit from StopIteration.""" stopiteration_qname = f"{utils.EXCEPTIONS_MODULE}.StopIteration" return any(_class.qname() == stopiteration_qname for _class in exc.mro()) def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
875
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message("simplifiable-if-expression", node=node, args=(reduced_to,))
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
877
check_messages
ref
function
@utils.check_messages(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
883
leave_functiondef
def
function
def leave_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: # check left-over nested blocks stack self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self._nested_blocks) # new scope = reinitialize the stack of nested blocks self._nested_blocks = [] # check consistent return statements self._check_consistent_returns(node) # check for single return or return None at the end self._check_return_at_the_end(node) self._return_nodes[node.name] = [] # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.function_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("consider-using-with") def leave_classdef(self, _: nodes.ClassDef) -> None: # check for context managers that have been created but not used self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed( self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope ) self._consider_using_with_stack.class_scope.clear() @utils.check_messages("stop-iteration-return") def visit_raise(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> None: self._check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(node) def _check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(self, node): """Check if an exception of type StopIteration is raised inside a generator.""" frame = node.frame(future=_True) if not isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) or not frame.is_generator(): return if utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration): return if not node.exc: return exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if not exc or not isinstance(exc, (astroid.Instance, nodes.ClassDef)): return if self._check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) @staticmethod def _check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): """Return _True if the exception node in argument inherit from StopIteration.""" stopiteration_qname = f"{utils.EXCEPTIONS_MODULE}.StopIteration" return any(_class.qname() == stopiteration_qname for _class in exc.mro()) def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
885
_emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed
ref
function
self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self._nested_blocks)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
889
_check_consistent_returns
ref
function
self._check_consistent_returns(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
891
_check_return_at_the_end
ref
function
self._check_return_at_the_end(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
894
_emit_consider_using_with_if_needed
ref
function
self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
899
check_messages
ref
function
@utils.check_messages("consider-using-with")
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
900
leave_classdef
def
class
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
902
_emit_consider_using_with_if_needed
ref
function
self._emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
907
check_messages
ref
function
@utils.check_messages("stop-iteration-return")
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
908
visit_raise
def
function
def visit_raise(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> None: self._check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(node) def _check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(self, node): """Check if an exception of type StopIteration is raised inside a generator.""" frame = node.frame(future=_True) if not isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) or not frame.is_generator(): return if utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration): return if not node.exc: return exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if not exc or not isinstance(exc, (astroid.Instance, nodes.ClassDef)): return if self._check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) @staticmethod def _check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): """Return _True if the exception node in argument inherit from StopIteration.""" stopiteration_qname = f"{utils.EXCEPTIONS_MODULE}.StopIteration" return any(_class.qname() == stopiteration_qname for _class in exc.mro()) def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
909
_check_stop_iteration_inside_generator
ref
function
self._check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
911
_check_stop_iteration_inside_generator
def
function
def _check_stop_iteration_inside_generator(self, node): """Check if an exception of type StopIteration is raised inside a generator.""" frame = node.frame(future=_True) if not isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) or not frame.is_generator(): return if utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration): return if not node.exc: return exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if not exc or not isinstance(exc, (astroid.Instance, nodes.ClassDef)): return if self._check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) @staticmethod def _check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): """Return _True if the exception node in argument inherit from StopIteration.""" stopiteration_qname = f"{utils.EXCEPTIONS_MODULE}.StopIteration" return any(_class.qname() == stopiteration_qname for _class in exc.mro()) def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
913
frame
ref
function
frame = node.frame(future=True)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
914
is_generator
ref
function
if not isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) or not frame.is_generator():
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
916
node_ignores_exception
ref
function
if utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration):
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
920
safe_infer
ref
function
exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
923
_check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration
ref
function
if self._check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc):
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
924
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
927
_check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration
def
function
def _check_exception_inherit_from_stopiteration(exc): """Return _True if the exception node in argument inherit from StopIteration.""" stopiteration_qname = f"{utils.EXCEPTIONS_MODULE}.StopIteration" return any(_class.qname() == stopiteration_qname for _class in exc.mro()) def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
930
qname
ref
class
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
930
mro
ref
class
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
932
_check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor
def
function
def _check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(self, node): if ( isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.args and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp) ): if node.func.name == "dict": element = node.args[0].elt if isinstance(element, nodes.Call): return # If we have an `IfExp` here where both the key AND value # are different, then don't raise the issue. See #5588 if ( isinstance(element, nodes.IfExp) and isinstance(element.body, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.body.elts) == 2 and isinstance(element.orelse, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)) and len(element.orelse.elts) == 2 ): key1, value1 = element.body.elts key2, value2 = element.orelse.elts if ( key1.as_string() != key2.as_string() and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string() ): return message_name = "consider-using-dict-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) elif node.func.name == "set": message_name = "consider-using-set-comprehension" self.add_message(message_name, node=node) def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
955
as_string
ref
function
key1.as_string() != key2.as_string()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
955
as_string
ref
function
key1.as_string() != key2.as_string()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
956
as_string
ref
function
and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
956
as_string
ref
function
and value1.as_string() != value2.as_string()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
961
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(message_name, node=node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
964
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(message_name, node=node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
966
_check_consider_using_generator
def
function
def _check_consider_using_generator(self, node): # 'any' and 'all' definitely should use generator, while 'list' and 'tuple' need to be considered first # See https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/pull/3309#discussion_r576683109 checked_call = ["any", "all", "list", "tuple"] if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Call) and node.func and isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in checked_call ): # functions in checked_calls take exactly one argument # check whether the argument is list comprehension if len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.ListComp): # remove square brackets '[]' inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1] call_name = node.func.name if call_name in {"any", "all"}: self.add_message( "use-a-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) else: self.add_message( "consider-using-generator", node=node, args=(call_name, inside_comp), ) @utils.check_messages( "stop-iteration-return", "consider-using-dict-comprehension", "consider-using-set-comprehension", "consider-using-sys-exit", "super-with-arguments", "consider-using-generator", "consider-using-with", "use-list-literal", "use-dict-literal", ) def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
980
as_string
ref
function
inside_comp = node.args[0].as_string()[1:-1]
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
983
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
989
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
995
check_messages
ref
function
@utils.check_messages(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,006
visit_call
def
function
def visit_call(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node) self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node) self._check_quit_exit_call(node) self._check_super_with_arguments(node) self._check_consider_using_generator(node) self._check_consider_using_with(node) self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node) @staticmethod def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,007
_check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call
ref
function
self._check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,008
_check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor
ref
function
self._check_consider_using_comprehension_constructor(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,009
_check_quit_exit_call
ref
function
self._check_quit_exit_call(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,010
_check_super_with_arguments
ref
function
self._check_super_with_arguments(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,011
_check_consider_using_generator
ref
function
self._check_consider_using_generator(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,012
_check_consider_using_with
ref
function
self._check_consider_using_with(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,013
_check_use_list_or_dict_literal
ref
function
self._check_use_list_or_dict_literal(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,016
_has_exit_in_scope
def
function
def _has_exit_in_scope(scope): exit_func = scope.locals.get("exit") return bool( exit_func and isinstance(exit_func[0], (nodes.ImportFrom, nodes.Import)) ) def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,022
_check_quit_exit_call
def
function
def _check_quit_exit_call(self, node): if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) and node.func.name in BUILTIN_EXIT_FUNCS: # If we have `exit` imported from `sys` in the current or global scope, exempt this instance. local_scope = node.scope() if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope( node.root() ): return self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node) def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,026
scope
ref
function
local_scope = node.scope()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,027
_has_exit_in_scope
ref
function
if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,027
_has_exit_in_scope
ref
function
if self._has_exit_in_scope(local_scope) or self._has_exit_in_scope(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,028
root
ref
function
node.root()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,031
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message("consider-using-sys-exit", node=node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,033
_check_super_with_arguments
def
function
def _check_super_with_arguments(self, node): if not isinstance(node.func, nodes.Name) or node.func.name != "super": return # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions if ( len(node.args) != 2 or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node.args[1].name != "self" or not isinstance(node.args[0], nodes.Name) or not isinstance(node.args[1], nodes.Name) or node_frame_class(node) is None or node.args[0].name != node_frame_class(node).name ): return self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node) def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,044
node_frame_class
ref
class
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,045
node_frame_class
ref
class
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,049
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message("super-with-arguments", node=node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,051
_check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call
def
function
def _check_raising_stopiteration_in_generator_next_call(self, node): """Check if a StopIteration exception is raised by the call to next function. If the next value has a default value, then do not add message. :param node: Check to see if this Call node is a next function :type node: :class:`nodes.Call` """ def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,060
_looks_like_infinite_iterator
def
function
def _looks_like_infinite_iterator(param): inferred = utils.safe_infer(param) if inferred: return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS return _False if isinstance(node.func, nodes.Attribute): # A next() method, which is now what we want. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if getattr(inferred, "name", "") == "next": frame = node.frame(future=_True) # The next builtin can only have up to two # positional arguments and no keyword arguments has_sentinel_value = len(node.args) > 1 if ( isinstance(frame, nodes.FunctionDef) and frame.is_generator() and not has_sentinel_value and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration) and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0]) ): self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node) def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,061
safe_infer
ref
function
inferred = utils.safe_infer(param)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,063
qname
ref
function
return inferred.qname() in KNOWN_INFINITE_ITERATORS
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,070
safe_infer
ref
function
inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,072
frame
ref
function
frame = node.frame(future=True)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,078
is_generator
ref
function
and frame.is_generator()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,080
node_ignores_exception
ref
function
and not utils.node_ignores_exception(node, StopIteration)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,081
_looks_like_infinite_iterator
ref
function
and not _looks_like_infinite_iterator(node.args[0])
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,083
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message("stop-iteration-return", node=node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,085
_check_nested_blocks
def
function
def _check_nested_blocks(self, node): """Update and check the number of nested blocks.""" # only check block levels inside functions or methods if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef): return # messages are triggered on leaving the nested block. Here we save the # stack in case the current node isn't nested in the previous one nested_blocks = self._nested_blocks[:] if node.parent == node.scope(): self._nested_blocks = [node] else: # go through ancestors from the most nested to the less for ancestor_node in reversed(self._nested_blocks): if ancestor_node == node.parent: break self._nested_blocks.pop() # if the node is an elif, this should not be another nesting level if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node): if self._nested_blocks: self._nested_blocks.pop() self._nested_blocks.append(node) # send message only once per group of nested blocks if len(nested_blocks) > len(self._nested_blocks): self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks) def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,088
scope
ref
function
if not isinstance(node.scope(), nodes.FunctionDef):
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,093
scope
ref
function
if node.parent == node.scope():
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,102
_is_actual_elif
ref
function
if isinstance(node, nodes.If) and self._is_actual_elif(node):
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,109
_emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed
ref
function
self._emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(nested_blocks)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,111
_emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed
def
function
def _emit_nested_blocks_message_if_needed(self, nested_blocks): if len(nested_blocks) > self.config.max_nested_blocks: self.add_message( "too-many-nested-blocks", node=nested_blocks[0], args=(len(nested_blocks), self.config.max_nested_blocks), ) def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,113
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,119
_emit_consider_using_with_if_needed
def
function
def _emit_consider_using_with_if_needed(self, stack: Dict[str, nodes.NodeNG]): for node in stack.values(): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) @staticmethod def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,121
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,124
_duplicated_isinstance_types
def
function
def _duplicated_isinstance_types(node): """Get the duplicated types from the underlying isinstance calls. :param nodes.BoolOp node: Node which should contain a bunch of isinstance calls. :returns: Dictionary of the comparison objects from the isinstance calls, to duplicate values from consecutive calls. :rtype: dict """ duplicated_objects = set() all_types = collections.defaultdict(set) for call in node.values: if not isinstance(call, nodes.Call) or len(call.args) != 2: continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func) if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred): continue if inferred.name != "isinstance": continue isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string() isinstance_types = call.args[1] if isinstance_object in all_types: duplicated_objects.add(isinstance_object) if isinstance(isinstance_types, nodes.Tuple): elems = [ class_type.as_string() for class_type in isinstance_types.itered() ] else: elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()] all_types[isinstance_object].update(elems) # Remove all keys which not duplicated return { key: value for key, value in all_types.items() if key in duplicated_objects } def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
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safe_infer
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function
inferred = utils.safe_infer(call.func)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
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is_builtin_object
ref
function
if not inferred or not utils.is_builtin_object(inferred):
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
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as_string
ref
function
isinstance_object = call.args[0].as_string()
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
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as_string
ref
class
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
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itered
ref
class
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
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as_string
ref
function
elems = [isinstance_types.as_string()]
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,165
_check_consider_merging_isinstance
def
function
def _check_consider_merging_isinstance(self, node): """Check isinstance calls which can be merged together.""" if node.op != "or": return first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node) for duplicated_name, class_names in first_args.items(): names = sorted(name for name in class_names) self.add_message( "consider-merging-isinstance", node=node, args=(duplicated_name, ", ".join(names)), ) def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,170
_duplicated_isinstance_types
ref
function
first_args = self._duplicated_isinstance_types(node)
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,173
add_message
ref
function
self.add_message(
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,179
_check_consider_using_in
def
function
def _check_consider_using_in(self, node): allowed_ops = {"or": "==", "and": "!="} if node.op not in allowed_ops or len(node.values) < 2: return for value in node.values: if ( not isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) or len(value.ops) != 1 or value.ops[0][0] not in allowed_ops[node.op] ): return for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, nodes.Call): return # Gather variables and values from comparisons variables, values = [], [] for value in node.values: variable_set = set() for comparable in value.left, value.ops[0][1]: if isinstance(comparable, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): variable_set.add(comparable.as_string()) values.append(comparable.as_string()) variables.append(variable_set) # Look for (common-)variables that occur in all comparisons common_variables = reduce(lambda a, b: a.intersection(b), variables) if not common_variables: return # Gather information for the suggestion common_variable = sorted(list(common_variables))[0] comprehension = "in" if node.op == "or" else "not in" values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values)) values.remove(common_variable) values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + "," suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})" self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _check_chained_comparison(self, node): """Check if there is any chained comparison in the expression. Add a refactoring message if a boolOp contains comparison like a < b and b < c, which can be chained as a < b < c. Care is taken to avoid simplifying a < b < c and b < d. """ if node.op != "and" or len(node.values) < 2: return def _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses): left_operand = comparison_node.left for operator, right_operand in comparison_node.ops: for operand in (left_operand, right_operand): value = None if isinstance(operand, nodes.Name): value = operand.name elif isinstance(operand, nodes.Const): value = operand.value if value is None: continue if operator in {"<", "<="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operator in {">", ">="}: if operand is left_operand: uses[value]["upper_bound"].add(comparison_node) elif operand is right_operand: uses[value]["lower_bound"].add(comparison_node) left_operand = right_operand uses = collections.defaultdict( lambda: {"lower_bound": set(), "upper_bound": set()} ) for comparison_node in node.values: if isinstance(comparison_node, nodes.Compare): _find_lower_upper_bounds(comparison_node, uses) for _, bounds in uses.items(): num_shared = len(bounds["lower_bound"].intersection(bounds["upper_bound"])) num_lower_bounds = len(bounds["lower_bound"]) num_upper_bounds = len(bounds["upper_bound"]) if num_shared < num_lower_bounds and num_shared < num_upper_bounds: self.add_message("chained-comparison", node=node) break @staticmethod def _apply_boolean_simplification_rules(operator, values): """Removes irrelevant values or returns shortcircuiting values. This function applies the following two rules: 1) an OR expression with _True in it will always be true, and the reverse for AND 2) _False values in OR expressions are only relevant if all values are false, and the reverse for AND """ simplified_values = [] for subnode in values: inferred_bool = None if not next(subnode.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): inferred = utils.safe_infer(subnode) if inferred: inferred_bool = inferred.bool_value() if not isinstance(inferred_bool, bool): simplified_values.append(subnode) elif (operator == "or") == inferred_bool: return [subnode] return simplified_values or [nodes.Const(operator == "and")] def _simplify_boolean_operation(self, bool_op): """Attempts to simplify a boolean operation. Recursively applies simplification on the operator terms, and keeps track of whether reductions have been made. """ children = list(bool_op.get_children()) intermediate = [ self._simplify_boolean_operation(child) if isinstance(child, nodes.BoolOp) else child for child in children ] result = self._apply_boolean_simplification_rules(bool_op.op, intermediate) if len(result) < len(children): self._can_simplify_bool_op = _True if len(result) == 1: return result[0] simplified_bool_op = copy.copy(bool_op) simplified_bool_op.postinit(result) return simplified_bool_op def _check_simplifiable_condition(self, node): """Check if a boolean condition can be simplified. Variables will not be simplified, even in the value can be inferred, and expressions like '3 + 4' will remain expanded. """ if not utils.is_test_condition(node): return self._can_simplify_bool_op = _False simplified_expr = self._simplify_boolean_operation(node) if not self._can_simplify_bool_op: return if not next(simplified_expr.nodes_of_class(nodes.Name), _False): self.add_message( "condition-evals-to-constant", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) else: self.add_message( "simplifiable-condition", node=node, args=(node.as_string(), simplified_expr.as_string()), ) @utils.check_messages( "consider-merging-isinstance", "consider-using-in", "chained-comparison", "simplifiable-condition", "condition-evals-to-constant", ) def visit_boolop(self, node: nodes.BoolOp) -> None: self._check_consider_merging_isinstance(node) self._check_consider_using_in(node) self._check_chained_comparison(node) self._check_simplifiable_condition(node) @staticmethod def _is_simple_assignment(node): return ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assign) and len(node.targets) == 1 and isinstance(node.targets[0], nodes.AssignName) and isinstance(node.value, nodes.Name) ) def _check_swap_variables(self, node): if not node.next_sibling() or not node.next_sibling().next_sibling(): return assignments = [node, node.next_sibling(), node.next_sibling().next_sibling()] if not all(self._is_simple_assignment(node) for node in assignments): return if any(node in self._reported_swap_nodes for node in assignments): return left = [node.targets[0].name for node in assignments] right = [node.value.name for node in assignments] if left[0] == right[-1] and left[1:] == right[:-1]: self._reported_swap_nodes.update(assignments) message = "consider-swap-variables" self.add_message(message, node=node) @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", "consider-using-with", ) def visit_assign(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: self._append_context_managers_to_stack(node) self.visit_return(node) # remaining checks are identical as for return nodes @utils.check_messages( "simplify-boolean-expression", "consider-using-ternary", "consider-swap-variables", ) def visit_return(self, node: nodes.Return) -> None: self._check_swap_variables(node) if self._is_and_or_ternary(node.value): cond, truth_value, false_value = self._and_or_ternary_arguments(node.value) else: return if all( isinstance(value, nodes.Compare) for value in (truth_value, false_value) ): return inferred_truth_value = utils.safe_infer(truth_value) if inferred_truth_value is None or inferred_truth_value == astroid.Uninferable: truth_boolean_value = _True else: truth_boolean_value = inferred_truth_value.bool_value() if truth_boolean_value is _False: message = "simplify-boolean-expression" suggestion = false_value.as_string() else: message = "consider-using-ternary" suggestion = f"{truth_value.as_string()} if {cond.as_string()} else {false_value.as_string()}" self.add_message(message, node=node, args=(suggestion,)) def _append_context_managers_to_stack(self, node: nodes.Assign) -> None: if _is_inside_context_manager(node): # if we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. return if isinstance(node.targets[0], (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List, nodes.Set)): assignees = node.targets[0].elts value = utils.safe_infer(node.value) if value is None or not hasattr(value, "elts"): # We cannot deduce what values are assigned, so we have to skip this return values = value.elts else: assignees = [node.targets[0]] values = [node.value] if Uninferable in (assignees, values): return for assignee, value in zip(assignees, values): if not isinstance(value, nodes.Call): continue inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.func) if ( not inferred or inferred.qname() not in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS or not isinstance(assignee, (nodes.AssignName, nodes.AssignAttr)) ): continue stack = self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ) varname = ( assignee.name if isinstance(assignee, nodes.AssignName) else assignee.attrname ) if varname in stack: existing_node = stack[varname] if astroid.are_exclusive(node, existing_node): # only one of the two assignments can be executed at runtime, thus it is fine stack[varname] = value continue # variable was redefined before it was used in a ``with`` block self.add_message( "consider-using-with", node=existing_node, ) stack[varname] = value def _check_consider_using_with(self, node: nodes.Call): if _is_inside_context_manager(node) or _is_a_return_statement(node): # If we are inside a context manager itself, we assume that it will handle the resource management itself. # If the node is a child of a return, we assume that the caller knows he is getting a context manager # he should use properly (i.e. in a ``with``). return if ( node in self._consider_using_with_stack.get_stack_for_frame( node.frame(future=_True) ).values() ): # the result of this call was already assigned to a variable and will be checked when leaving the scope. return inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if not inferred: return could_be_used_in_with = ( # things like ``lock.acquire()`` inferred.qname() in CALLS_THAT_COULD_BE_REPLACED_BY_WITH or ( # things like ``open("foo")`` which are not already inside a ``with`` statement inferred.qname() in CALLS_RETURNING_CONTEXT_MANAGERS and not _is_part_of_with_items(node) ) ) if could_be_used_in_with and not _will_be_released_automatically(node): self.add_message("consider-using-with", node=node) def _check_use_list_or_dict_literal(self, node: nodes.Call) -> None: """Check if empty list or dict is created by using the literal [] or {}.""" if node.as_string() in {"list()", "dict()"}: inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.func) if isinstance(inferred, nodes.ClassDef) and not node.args: if inferred.qname() == "builtins.list": self.add_message("use-list-literal", node=node) elif inferred.qname() == "builtins.dict" and not node.keywords: self.add_message("use-dict-literal", node=node) def _check_consider_using_join(self, aug_assign): """We start with the augmented assignment and work our way upwards. Names of variables for nodes if match successful: result = '' # assign for number in ['1', '2', '3'] # for_loop result += number # aug_assign """ for_loop = aug_assign.parent if not isinstance(for_loop, nodes.For) or len(for_loop.body) > 1: return assign = for_loop.previous_sibling() if not isinstance(assign, nodes.Assign): return result_assign_names = { target.name for target in assign.targets if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) } is_concat_loop = ( aug_assign.op == "+=" and isinstance(aug_assign.target, nodes.AssignName) and len(for_loop.body) == 1 and aug_assign.target.name in result_assign_names and isinstance(assign.value, nodes.Const) and isinstance(assign.value.value, str) and isinstance(aug_assign.value, nodes.Name) and aug_assign.value.name == for_loop.target.name ) if is_concat_loop: self.add_message("consider-using-join", node=aug_assign) @utils.check_messages("consider-using-join") def visit_augassign(self, node: nodes.AugAssign) -> None: self._check_consider_using_join(node) @utils.check_messages("unnecessary-comprehension", "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup") def visit_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: self._check_unnecessary_comprehension(node) self._check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup(node) def _check_unnecessary_comprehension(self, node: nodes.Comprehension) -> None: if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.GeneratorExp) or len(node.ifs) != 0 or len(node.parent.generators) != 1 or node.is_async ): return if ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance(node.parent.key, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.parent.value, nodes.Name) and isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) and all(isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) for elt in node.target.elts) ): expr_list = [node.parent.key.name, node.parent.value.name] target_list = [elt.name for elt in node.target.elts] elif isinstance(node.parent, (nodes.ListComp, nodes.SetComp)): expr = node.parent.elt if isinstance(expr, nodes.Name): expr_list = expr.name elif isinstance(expr, nodes.Tuple): if any(not isinstance(elt, nodes.Name) for elt in expr.elts): return expr_list = [elt.name for elt in expr.elts] else: expr_list = [] target = node.parent.generators[0].target target_list = ( target.name if isinstance(target, nodes.AssignName) else ( [ elt.name for elt in target.elts if isinstance(elt, nodes.AssignName) ] if isinstance(target, nodes.Tuple) else [] ) ) else: return if expr_list == target_list and expr_list: args: Optional[Tuple[str]] = None inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter) if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp) and isinstance( inferred, astroid.objects.DictItems ): args = (f"{node.iter.func.expr.as_string()}",) elif ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.List) ) or ( isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp) and isinstance(inferred, nodes.Set) ): args = (f"{node.iter.as_string()}",) if args: self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=args ) return if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.DictComp): func = "dict" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.ListComp): func = "list" elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.SetComp): func = "set" else: return self.add_message( "unnecessary-comprehension", node=node.parent, args=(f"{func}({node.iter.as_string()})",), ) @staticmethod def _is_and_or_ternary(node): """Returns true if node is 'condition and true_value or false_value' form. All of: condition, true_value and false_value should not be a complex boolean expression """ return ( isinstance(node, nodes.BoolOp) and node.op == "or" and len(node.values) == 2 and isinstance(node.values[0], nodes.BoolOp) and not isinstance(node.values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and node.values[0].op == "and" and not isinstance(node.values[0].values[1], nodes.BoolOp) and len(node.values[0].values) == 2 ) @staticmethod def _and_or_ternary_arguments(node): false_value = node.values[1] condition, true_value = node.values[0].values return condition, true_value, false_value def visit_functiondef(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: self._return_nodes[node.name] = list( node.nodes_of_class(nodes.Return, skip_klass=nodes.FunctionDef) ) def _check_consistent_returns(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> None: """Check that all return statements inside a function are consistent. Return statements are consistent if: - all returns are explicit and if there is no implicit return; - all returns are empty and if there is, possibly, an implicit return. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): the function holding the return statements. """ # explicit return statements are those with a not None value explicit_returns = [ _node for _node in self._return_nodes[node.name] if _node.value is not None ] if not explicit_returns: return if len(explicit_returns) == len( self._return_nodes[node.name] ) and self._is_node_return_ended(node): return self.add_message("inconsistent-return-statements", node=node) def _is_if_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.If) -> bool: """Check if the If node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.If): If node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Do not check if inner function definition are return ended. is_if_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ifn) for _ifn in node.body if not isinstance(_ifn, nodes.FunctionDef) ) if not node.orelse: # If there is not orelse part then the if statement is returning if : # - there is at least one return statement in its siblings; # - the if body is itself returning. if not self._has_return_in_siblings(node): return _False return is_if_returning # If there is an orelse part then both if body and orelse part should return. is_orelse_returning = any( self._is_node_return_ended(_ore) for _ore in node.orelse if not isinstance(_ore, nodes.FunctionDef) ) return is_if_returning and is_orelse_returning def _is_raise_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.Raise) -> bool: """Check if the Raise node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.Raise): Raise node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # a Raise statement doesn't need to end with a return statement # but if the exception raised is handled, then the handler has to # ends with a return statement if not node.exc: # Ignore bare raises return _True if not utils.is_node_inside_try_except(node): # If the raise statement is not inside a try/except statement # then the exception is raised and cannot be caught. No need # to infer it. return _True exc = utils.safe_infer(node.exc) if exc is None or exc is astroid.Uninferable or not hasattr(exc, "pytype"): return _False exc_name = exc.pytype().split(".")[-1] handlers = utils.get_exception_handlers(node, exc_name) handlers = list(handlers) if handlers is not None else [] if handlers: # among all the handlers handling the exception at least one # must end with a return statement return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_handler) for _handler in handlers) # if no handlers handle the exception then it's ok return _True def _is_node_return_ended(self, node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Check if the node ends with an explicit return statement. Args: node (nodes.NodeNG): node to be checked. Returns: bool: _True if the node ends with an explicit statement, _False otherwise. """ # Recursion base case if isinstance(node, nodes.Return): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Call): try: funcdef_node = node.func.inferred()[0] if self._is_function_def_never_returning(funcdef_node): return _True except astroid.InferenceError: pass # Avoid the check inside while loop as we don't know # if they will be completed if isinstance(node, nodes.While): return _True if isinstance(node, nodes.Raise): return self._is_raise_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.If): return self._is_if_node_return_ended(node) if isinstance(node, nodes.TryExcept): handlers = { _child for _child in node.get_children() if isinstance(_child, nodes.ExceptHandler) } all_but_handler = set(node.get_children()) - handlers return any( self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in all_but_handler ) and all(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in handlers) if ( isinstance(node, nodes.Assert) and isinstance(node.test, nodes.Const) and not node.test.value ): # consider assert _False as a return node return _True # recurses on the children of the node return any(self._is_node_return_ended(_child) for _child in node.get_children()) @staticmethod def _has_return_in_siblings(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool: """Returns _True if there is at least one return in the node's siblings.""" next_sibling = node.next_sibling() while next_sibling: if isinstance(next_sibling, nodes.Return): return _True next_sibling = next_sibling.next_sibling() return _False def _is_function_def_never_returning(self, node: nodes.FunctionDef) -> bool: """Return _True if the function never returns. _False otherwise. Args: node (nodes.FunctionDef): function definition node to be analyzed. Returns: bool: _True if the function never returns, _False otherwise. """ if isinstance(node, nodes.FunctionDef) and node.returns: return ( isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Attribute) and node.returns.attrname == "NoReturn" or isinstance(node.returns, nodes.Name) and node.returns.name == "NoReturn" ) try: return node.qname() in self._never_returning_functions except TypeError: return _False def _check_return_at_the_end(self, node): """Check for presence of a *single* return statement at the end of a function. "return" or "return None" are useless because None is the default return type if they are missing. NOTE: produces a message only if there is a single return statement in the function body. Otherwise _check_consistent_returns() is called! Per its implementation and PEP8 we can have a "return None" at the end of the function body if there are other return statements before that! """ if len(self._return_nodes[node.name]) > 1: return if len(node.body) <= 1: return last = node.body[-1] if isinstance(last, nodes.Return): # e.g. "return" if last.value is None: self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) # return None" elif isinstance(last.value, nodes.Const) and (last.value.value is None): self.add_message("useless-return", node=node) def _check_unnecessary_dict_index_lookup( self, node: Union[nodes.For, nodes.Comprehension] ) -> None: """Add message when accessing dict values by index lookup.""" # Verify that we have an .items() call and # that the object which is iterated is used as a subscript in the # body of the for. # Is it a proper items call? if ( isinstance(node.iter, nodes.Call) and isinstance(node.iter.func, nodes.Attribute) and node.iter.func.attrname == "items" ): inferred = utils.safe_infer(node.iter.func) if not isinstance(inferred, astroid.BoundMethod): return iterating_object_name = node.iter.func.expr.as_string() # Verify that the body of the for loop uses a subscript # with the object that was iterated. This uses some heuristics # in order to make sure that the same object is used in the # for body. children = ( node.body if isinstance(node, nodes.For) else node.parent.get_children() ) for child in children: for subscript in child.nodes_of_class(nodes.Subscript): if not isinstance(subscript.value, (nodes.Name, nodes.Attribute)): continue value = subscript.slice if isinstance(node, nodes.For) and ( isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Assign) and subscript in subscript.parent.targets or isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.AugAssign) and subscript == subscript.parent.target ): # Ignore this subscript if it is the target of an assignment # Early termination; after reassignment dict index lookup will be necessary return if isinstance(subscript.parent, nodes.Delete): # Ignore this subscript if it's used with the delete keyword return # Case where .items is assigned to k,v (i.e., for k, v in d.items()) if isinstance(value, nodes.Name): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.Tuple) # Ignore 1-tuples: for k, in d.items() or len(node.target.elts) < 2 or value.name != node.target.elts[0].name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.lookup(value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=(node.target.elts[1].as_string()), ) # Case where .items is assigned to single var (i.e., for item in d.items()) elif isinstance(value, nodes.Subscript): if ( not isinstance(node.target, nodes.AssignName) or node.target.name != value.value.name or iterating_object_name != subscript.value.as_string() ): continue if ( isinstance(node, nodes.For) and value.value.lookup(value.value.name)[1][-1].lineno > node.lineno ): # Ignore this subscript if it has been redefined after # the for loop. This checks for the line number using .lookup() # to get the line number where the iterating object was last # defined and compare that to the for loop's line number continue # check if subscripted by 0 (key) inferred = utils.safe_infer(value.slice) if not isinstance(inferred, nodes.Const) or inferred.value != 0: continue self.add_message( "unnecessary-dict-index-lookup", node=subscript, args=("1".join(value.as_string().rsplit("0", maxsplit=1)),), )
playground/e9b22a58-260b-483f-88d7-7a5fe9f8b1d4/pylint/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
1,202
as_string
ref
function
variable_set.add(comparable.as_string())