question stringlengths 25 894 | answer stringlengths 4 863 |
|---|---|
This question already has answers here:What is the behavior of integer division?(6 answers)Closed9 years ago.
I have a piece of code that looks like this:
```
float nb = 100 / 42;
printf("%.2f", nb);
```
which I expect to print out2.38, but instead it prints out2.00.
The42is just an example. In the original code i... |
You need to specify the numbers as floating point themselves. Try this:
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
float nb = 100.0/42.0;
printf("%.2f\n", nb);
return 0;
}
```
|
Given following floating points variables with arbitrary value, in c/c++.
```
float a, b, c, d;
```
In following statements, can we assume any pair of them would always generate identical result?
```
float result_1 = a + b + c + d - c;
float result_2= a + b + c + (d - c);
float result_3 = a + b + d;
```
Also, is t... |
No, you can not assume this. I broke all three of your examples:(Live)
```
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
double a = 1, b = 1e100, c= 1e100, d= 1, c2 = .1, d2 = -.1, b2 = 1;
std::cout << ( a + b2 + c2 + d2 - c2 == a + b2 + c2 + (d2 - c2)) << "\n"
<< ( a + b2 + c + d - c == a + b2 + d) << "\n"
<< ( a... |
I'm not sure if this could be compile related, but the compiler I'm using is IAR 7.10.3.
I have a struct like follows:
```
struct A {
struct {
uint8_t x:1;
uint8_t y:2;
uint8_t z:5;
} b;
};
```
And initializes it like:
```
struct A a = {
.b = 0xFF,
};
```
Now when I look at the struct in memory,... |
```
struct A a = {
.b = 0xFF,
};
```
is parsed by your compiler as
```
struct A a = {
.b = {0xFF},
};
```
which is equivalent to
```
struct A a = {
.b = {0xFF, 0, 0},
};
```
Use:
```
struct A a = {
.b = {1, 3, 31},
};
```
to have all the bits of your bit-fields set to1. Or use an union with anuint8_tand... |
While creating a thread in C using
```
pthread_create(thread,attr,start_routine,arg)
```
Why should we cast the arguments to thread function,using (void *) and cast it back to original type in the thread functions..
Why can't just pass the values directly ... ?
```
void * fun(void *a){
int x = (int)a;
pri... |
Because the prototype of thepthread_createfunction calls forvoid*. This allows a maximum of flexibility for developers as to what can be passed to the function. That way there is only a need for one prototype instead of lots of different ones with different types of parameters.
|
I came across this piece of code several times while looking at the implementation of XOR Linked Lists , but none of them seemed to explain this line properly (or maybe I missed out something) -
```
struct node* XOR (struct node *a, struct node *b)
{
return (struct node*) ((unsigned int) (a) ^ (unsigned int) (b))... |
Apart from the usual XOR performed on the addresses pointed by the 'a' and the 'b' pointers
```
(unsigned int) (a) ^ (unsigned int) (b)
```
it is theimplicit conversion of int to pointer(struct node *here) that makes this code work.
```
(struct node *)(unsigned int someInteger);
```
EDIT: Thanks to @aruisdante for... |
I've already read a somewhat similar question (why this code works in C) but it doesn't actually gets to explain why is this piece of code actually working:
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef struct example
{
char length[2];
} STRUCT;
int main (void)
{
STRUCT test;
st... |
C doesn't check for array boundaries. it leads to buffer overflows and undefined behavior as Ricky Mutschlechner stated in comment.
|
I have some code that I only want to run if the user didn't boot in safe mode. Is there a way using the CoreFoundation or C standard APIs that I can detect that?
EDIT: here is my code thanks to my accepted answer:
```
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
...
int safeBoot;
int mib_name[2] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_SAFEBOOT };
size_t le... |
You can usesysctllike this:
```
sysctl -n kern.safeboot
```
It gives1when insafe bootmode and0when in normal mode.
|
I have code written in C but I need to see the Assembly file so I can optimize the code and figure out how long certain functions will take. Does anyone know of a quick way to pull up the Assembly code?
|
I also had the same problem as you. Here is what worked for me.
Debug the main program, when finished, choose
```
" Window >> Debugging >> Disassembly ".
```
Then you would see the corresponding assembly code.
Hope it could help you out.
|
Is there a simpler way of generating sparse matrix other than this?
```
for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
if (rand() % 3 == 0)
{
array[i] = rand() % 3;
}
else
{
array[i] = ((rand() % 3) - 1);
}
}
```
Thanks.
I used array for presentational purposes
|
Withadetermine how sparse you want it to be.
```
for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
if (rand() % a == 0)
{
array[i] = rand() % 100;
}
else
{
array[i] = 0;
}
}
```
|
I know generally why it would be advisable to sort a float at all in order to calculate the average of several values in array: you would risk adding together values that are farther apart gap-wise - and thus distort the overall value.
But why would the accuracy further increase if you decided to order them not in as... |
Because of truncation errors.
Assume that your floating-point arithmetic just stores four significant digits.
7.000 + 0.0003 + 0.0003 + 0.0003 + 0.0003 yields 7.000, 7.000, 7.000, 7.000.
while
0.0003 + 0.0003 + 0.0003 + 0.0003 + 7.000 yields 0.0006, 0.0009, 0.0012, 7.001.
When you add a small number to a much big... |
I am usinggtk_overlay_new ()to create an overlay in gtk, is there any way i can add some background color to it? so far i have not been successful in finding anything in the documentation.
|
Use:void gtk_widget_override_background_color();https://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/unstable/GtkWidget.html#gtk-widget-override-background-color
|
Why when I want to initialize the following vector ofuint8_t
```
uint8_t *mmac_source1 = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
```
I get this error
```
Error: scalar object 'mmac_source1' requires one element in initializer
```
But when I am using this :
```
uint8_t mmac_source1[6] = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0... |
```
uint8_t *mmac_source1 = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
```
Here you don't memory allocated to the pointer.mmac_source1just acts as a place holder wherein you can store an address.
```
uint8_t mmac_source1[6] = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
```
Here you have an array where in your compiler all... |
When I have an uninitialized pointer I can not put into it because there is no memory allocation place!
When I have a pointer that points to a variable of type char and I want to put into it with %s, the program lets me put up two characters (2 bytes) and beyond that prints me an error.
My question is why it is can ... |
This might be related to alignment. If there is a multibyte type following a char variable, there may be a small number of unused bytes inbetween but you can not depend on this as it is clearly undefined.
I would suggest usingvalgrindto check for memory problems rather than depending on observation.
|
I build Clang from sources to ensure I get the latest analysis tools and sanitizers. The tarballs I download are Clang Source Code, LLVM Source Code, Compiler-RT Source Code and LLDB Source Code. TheLLVM Download Pagealso lists aClang Tools Extradownload.
What is in Clang Tools Extra tarball?
|
You can check it in the official documentation:extra clang tools documentation
|
I am attempting to write a C extension module for python and am running into the error in the title. The module works under Python 2.7.6, but it produces the error when I try and run it under Python 3.4.0.
I runpython setup.py build_ext --inplaceto compile the code. This is what mysetup.pylooks like:
```
from distut... |
The Python 3.x library doesn't have all the same symbols as the Python 2.x library. Make sure you rebuild your module against 3.x before using it.
|
My version of strncat is copying one too many chars into the destination and I cannot figure out why.
```
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_CHARS 20
void nconcatenate(char *start, char *end, int n)
{
if(sizeof start + n > MAX_CHARS)
return;
while(*start++);
start--; /* now points to the final char of start, ... |
Maybe because in the condition
```
(*start++ = *end++) && i < n
```
first it does (*start++ = *end++) and after that, it checks i < n.
I haven't tested it, but check it out and see.
|
I am usinggtk_overlay_new ()to create an overlay in gtk, is there any way i can add some background color to it? so far i have not been successful in finding anything in the documentation.
|
Use:void gtk_widget_override_background_color();https://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/unstable/GtkWidget.html#gtk-widget-override-background-color
|
Why when I want to initialize the following vector ofuint8_t
```
uint8_t *mmac_source1 = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
```
I get this error
```
Error: scalar object 'mmac_source1' requires one element in initializer
```
But when I am using this :
```
uint8_t mmac_source1[6] = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0... |
```
uint8_t *mmac_source1 = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
```
Here you don't memory allocated to the pointer.mmac_source1just acts as a place holder wherein you can store an address.
```
uint8_t mmac_source1[6] = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
```
Here you have an array where in your compiler all... |
When I have an uninitialized pointer I can not put into it because there is no memory allocation place!
When I have a pointer that points to a variable of type char and I want to put into it with %s, the program lets me put up two characters (2 bytes) and beyond that prints me an error.
My question is why it is can ... |
This might be related to alignment. If there is a multibyte type following a char variable, there may be a small number of unused bytes inbetween but you can not depend on this as it is clearly undefined.
I would suggest usingvalgrindto check for memory problems rather than depending on observation.
|
I build Clang from sources to ensure I get the latest analysis tools and sanitizers. The tarballs I download are Clang Source Code, LLVM Source Code, Compiler-RT Source Code and LLDB Source Code. TheLLVM Download Pagealso lists aClang Tools Extradownload.
What is in Clang Tools Extra tarball?
|
You can check it in the official documentation:extra clang tools documentation
|
Closed. This question needsdetails or clarity. It is not currently accepting answers.Want to improve this question?Add details and clarify the problem byediting this post.Closed8 years ago.Improve this question
Is it farfetched to assume that when two instances of VS2010 are running in parallel, seeds for random gene... |
The various random number generators don't seed themselves, you have to provide a seed.If you don't, you most likely get0. The implementation of Mersenne Twister et al does notshare data between instances, so multiple concurrent processes will operate independently.
|
I received data from some other function tomyfunction(const void *data)where pointerdatastores the values like{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40,20,0,0,0,0,0,0}.
I want to access just values from{40,20,0,0,0,0,0,0}and convert into adoubletype value that should give8.0. For accessing and conversion to double type I have tried pointer ... |
In C you cannot de-reference a void pointer.
So you can type cast the void pointer and use it.
something like this dptr=((double*)data+8); So the data which is void is considered as a double pointer now.
|
I am using Sqlite3 Database in my project. For testing purpose, I need to keep database busy for a long time . How to achieve that ? Is there a command or script I can write a keep database busy.
Can somebody please help ?
|
The database is busy when there is some active transaction.
To force some transaction, just executeBEGIN EXCLUSIVE.
This could be done from your program, or simply by hand from thesqlite3command-line shell:
```
$ sqlite3 /some/where/mydatabase.db
SQLite version 3.8.5 2014-06-04 14:06:34
Enter ".help" for usage hints... |
Hi I have a c function below:
```
int method2 (){
int userInput;
printf("Please enter your age: ");
scanf("%d", &userInput);
fpurge(stdin);
printf("You are %d years old. \n", &userInput);
int retval = 0;
return retval;
}
```
The function takes the age and returns the same value in a st... |
You are printing address of the variableuserInputinstead of its value, useprintfas follows
```
printf("You are %d years old. \n", userInput);
```
This will print the value present in the variableuserInput.
|
I know that in PARI/GP the functionqflllperforms LLL algorithm on a set of bases. However, is it possible for me to look at the code forqflllin the PARI/GP library? Or does anyone know how does the LLL algorithm work in the PARI/GP library?
|
The PARI/GP source can be downloaded using git
```
git clone http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/git/pari.git
```
or you can examine the source online. Here's a link to the LLL section:
http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=pari.git;a=blob;f=src/basemath/lll.c#l504
|
I had this question at an interview for C programming. It was:
```
int X,i=4,j=7;
X=j || i++ && 1;
```
What are the values ofXandi?
I tested the program on a compiler, and the output was:
```
X=1 , i =4
```
Can you explain why?
|
This is testing your knowledge of operator precedence (or language grammar if you prefer), and that you know the difference between operator precedence and order-of-evaluation.
The association is:
```
X = (j || (i++ && 1));
```
Note that precedence does not equate to order of execution in general. In this case, we ... |
This question already has answers here:I can use more memory than how much I've allocated with malloc(), why?(17 answers)Closed9 years ago.
The following code outputs "test". Shouldn't it print "te" only, since there are only two bytes allocated for x?
```
char *x = malloc(sizeof(char)*2);
x = "test";
printf("%s",x)... |
Actually, if you print the value of x before and after calling:
```
x = "test";
```
You will see that it has changed. By losing a track to your allocated memory, you face with memory leak here.
Furthermore, printf prints a string that starts from the pointer position until it finds the string terminated '\0' (0).
... |
```
int t[ ] = { 0x0203, 0x4 };
char *p=t;
printf(" *p = %d; *(p+1) = %d ",*p,*(p+1));
```
Why does *(p+1) always return 2, regardless of the second element in t?
|
You're running this program on alittle endiancomputer. This means your int array is stored in memory as bytes in the following order:
0x03 0x02 0x00 0x00 (first integer)
0x04 0x00 0x00 0x00 (second integer)
Try to print out*(p+i)for p between 0 and 7, it should verify this.
|
I want to allocate memory in an existing and still want to save the stored data inside of that string
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
main()
{
char *str1= "hello";
char *str2= "Abhimanyu";
char *str = malloc( strlen(str1) + strlen(str2) +1 );
strcpy(str,str1);
strcat(str,str2);
printf("%s",str);
return ... |
The only approach that I see is the following
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define HELLO "hello"
int main( void )
{
char *str2 = "Abhimanyu";
char *str1 = malloc( sizeof( HELLO ) );
strcpy( str1, HELLO );
str1 = realloc( str1, strlen( str1 ) + strlen( str2 ) +1 );
... |
I'm getting this warning when trying to initialize an array to a constant size.
#2170-D use of a const variable in a constant expression is nonstandard in C
```
#file.h
typedef struct {
// LED Blink Pattern
.....
} LEDSeq
void addError(LEDSeq);
void runLEDErrors();
....
#file.c
const uint8_t MAXERRORS = 4;... |
Aconstobject is not a constant in C but a read-only object. An array declared at file scope (or any array with static storage duration) has to have a constant expression as its number of elements.
This is valid:
```
#define MAXERRORS 4
LEDSeq errors[MAXERRORS];
```
|
Closed. This question needsdetails or clarity. It is not currently accepting answers.Want to improve this question?Add details and clarify the problem byediting this post.Closed9 years ago.Improve this question
I got question like this:
```
char *ptr;
float f1 = 12.34;
```
Now using this char *ptr, I want to conver... |
OP tagged C++ so here goes..
```
std::stringstream ss;
ss << f1;
std::string s = ss.str();
ptr = s.c_str();
```
|
This question already has answers here:Pointers and assignment, how does it work with different types?(3 answers)Closed9 years ago.
I tried to execute the below code in Visual Studio:
```
int main()
{
float f1 = 15.23;
char *ptr = &f1;
printf("%c", *(ptr));
getch();
return 0;
}
```
Compilat... |
You can indeed treat every object as an array of characters. However, you have to cast the pointer explicitly:
```
float f = 1.5f;
char const * p = (char const *)&f;
for (size_t i = 0; i != sizeof(float); ++i)
{
printf("The byte at position %zu has value %d.\n", i, (int)p[i]);
}
```
|
As there are min() and max() functions in C++, what is the equivalent in C to find the range of an unknown type?
If unknown (e.g. "ctype") where nothing about the implementation is known, how would go about getting the MIN and MAX of this number?
|
If it's anunsignedarithmetic type, you can do(ctype)-1, which is guaranteed to evaluate to the maximum valuectypecan hold (and the minimum value then of course is0).
Otherwise, if no assumption about the type or the implementation can be made, you can't know for sure.
|
I am looking for the signature of mainCRTStartup. Is it :
```
int mainCRTStartup( int argc, char *argv[] )
```
Or something else ?
I find it so irritating that microsoft isn't even able to give the définition of their own entry points...
Thanks for your help.
|
In thecrtexe.cfile, distributed with VisualStudio, you can see the definition. It is:
```
int mainCRTStartup(void);
```
The command line is not obtained as an argument to the entry point, but recovered by using the functionGetCommandLine().
|
Closed. This question needsdetails or clarity. It is not currently accepting answers.Want to improve this question?Add details and clarify the problem byediting this post.Closed8 years ago.Improve this question
Is it farfetched to assume that when two instances of VS2010 are running in parallel, seeds for random gene... |
The various random number generators don't seed themselves, you have to provide a seed.If you don't, you most likely get0. The implementation of Mersenne Twister et al does notshare data between instances, so multiple concurrent processes will operate independently.
|
I received data from some other function tomyfunction(const void *data)where pointerdatastores the values like{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,40,20,0,0,0,0,0,0}.
I want to access just values from{40,20,0,0,0,0,0,0}and convert into adoubletype value that should give8.0. For accessing and conversion to double type I have tried pointer ... |
In C you cannot de-reference a void pointer.
So you can type cast the void pointer and use it.
something like this dptr=((double*)data+8); So the data which is void is considered as a double pointer now.
|
I am using Sqlite3 Database in my project. For testing purpose, I need to keep database busy for a long time . How to achieve that ? Is there a command or script I can write a keep database busy.
Can somebody please help ?
|
The database is busy when there is some active transaction.
To force some transaction, just executeBEGIN EXCLUSIVE.
This could be done from your program, or simply by hand from thesqlite3command-line shell:
```
$ sqlite3 /some/where/mydatabase.db
SQLite version 3.8.5 2014-06-04 14:06:34
Enter ".help" for usage hints... |
Hi I have a c function below:
```
int method2 (){
int userInput;
printf("Please enter your age: ");
scanf("%d", &userInput);
fpurge(stdin);
printf("You are %d years old. \n", &userInput);
int retval = 0;
return retval;
}
```
The function takes the age and returns the same value in a st... |
You are printing address of the variableuserInputinstead of its value, useprintfas follows
```
printf("You are %d years old. \n", userInput);
```
This will print the value present in the variableuserInput.
|
I know that in PARI/GP the functionqflllperforms LLL algorithm on a set of bases. However, is it possible for me to look at the code forqflllin the PARI/GP library? Or does anyone know how does the LLL algorithm work in the PARI/GP library?
|
The PARI/GP source can be downloaded using git
```
git clone http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/git/pari.git
```
or you can examine the source online. Here's a link to the LLL section:
http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=pari.git;a=blob;f=src/basemath/lll.c#l504
|
I had this question at an interview for C programming. It was:
```
int X,i=4,j=7;
X=j || i++ && 1;
```
What are the values ofXandi?
I tested the program on a compiler, and the output was:
```
X=1 , i =4
```
Can you explain why?
|
This is testing your knowledge of operator precedence (or language grammar if you prefer), and that you know the difference between operator precedence and order-of-evaluation.
The association is:
```
X = (j || (i++ && 1));
```
Note that precedence does not equate to order of execution in general. In this case, we ... |
This question already has answers here:I can use more memory than how much I've allocated with malloc(), why?(17 answers)Closed9 years ago.
The following code outputs "test". Shouldn't it print "te" only, since there are only two bytes allocated for x?
```
char *x = malloc(sizeof(char)*2);
x = "test";
printf("%s",x)... |
Actually, if you print the value of x before and after calling:
```
x = "test";
```
You will see that it has changed. By losing a track to your allocated memory, you face with memory leak here.
Furthermore, printf prints a string that starts from the pointer position until it finds the string terminated '\0' (0).
... |
```
int t[ ] = { 0x0203, 0x4 };
char *p=t;
printf(" *p = %d; *(p+1) = %d ",*p,*(p+1));
```
Why does *(p+1) always return 2, regardless of the second element in t?
|
You're running this program on alittle endiancomputer. This means your int array is stored in memory as bytes in the following order:
0x03 0x02 0x00 0x00 (first integer)
0x04 0x00 0x00 0x00 (second integer)
Try to print out*(p+i)for p between 0 and 7, it should verify this.
|
I want to allocate memory in an existing and still want to save the stored data inside of that string
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
main()
{
char *str1= "hello";
char *str2= "Abhimanyu";
char *str = malloc( strlen(str1) + strlen(str2) +1 );
strcpy(str,str1);
strcat(str,str2);
printf("%s",str);
return ... |
The only approach that I see is the following
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define HELLO "hello"
int main( void )
{
char *str2 = "Abhimanyu";
char *str1 = malloc( sizeof( HELLO ) );
strcpy( str1, HELLO );
str1 = realloc( str1, strlen( str1 ) + strlen( str2 ) +1 );
... |
I'm getting this warning when trying to initialize an array to a constant size.
#2170-D use of a const variable in a constant expression is nonstandard in C
```
#file.h
typedef struct {
// LED Blink Pattern
.....
} LEDSeq
void addError(LEDSeq);
void runLEDErrors();
....
#file.c
const uint8_t MAXERRORS = 4;... |
Aconstobject is not a constant in C but a read-only object. An array declared at file scope (or any array with static storage duration) has to have a constant expression as its number of elements.
This is valid:
```
#define MAXERRORS 4
LEDSeq errors[MAXERRORS];
```
|
I am learning about linking and static libraries. In one exercise (from Computer Systems, Bryant - O'Hallaron), I am asked to write the minimal command line that will allow the static linker to resolve all symbol references.
Consider
```
p.o depends on libx.a
libx.a depends on liby.a
liby.a depends on libx.a
libx.a ... |
You cannot link the same object twice, otherwise you'd get duplicate references. The dependency is resolved by the linker. If the reference is found, the linker continues. That's why you don't need to indicatep.otwice.
|
Inthiscomment on Hacker News, this syntax was mentioned:
```
func((struct somestruct){.x = 0, .y = 1});
```
Could anybody tell me what this is called and then give a complete example of the function declaration that would allow this? (Not this exact function call, just a complete demonstration of this concept.) Or p... |
It's acompound literal. This creates an instance ofstruct somestructthat dies at the end of the function call expression, and passes it to func.
The signature of the function is simply :
```
[whatever] func(struct somestruct arg);
```
|
I have the following code:
```
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
int a = 0, b = 0, c = 0;
printf("%d\n", a++ && b++ || c++); //Here, a++ gives 0. Still, c++ is evaluated.
printf("%d %d %d\n", a, b, c); //Prints 1 0 1
a = 1, b = 0, c = 0;
printf("%d\n", a++ || b++ && c++); //Here, a++ gives 1 a... |
This is because precedence of operators. First&&is evaluated, then||.
```
printf("%d\n", a++ && b++ || c++);
```
is equivalent to
```
printf("%d\n", (a++ && b++) || c++);
```
```
printf("%d\n", a++ || b++ && c++);
```
is equivalent to
```
printf("%d\n", a++ || (b++ && c++));
```
Hope that makes it clearer for... |
The situation:
I have an application written in C which is resource intensive, and designed to be portable. I want to allow the compiler to select the fastest int size for the architecture, provided it is at least 32 bits.
Is it possible to select a size of "at least" 32 bits, or will the compiler optimize these kin... |
The standard headerstdint.hprovides the typesint_leastN_tanduint_leastN_t, whereNis 8, 16, 32, and 64 (and possibly others, but these are not required). These are standard as of C99.
It also provides "fast" alternatives, akaint_fastN_tanduint_fastN_t, with the same values ofN.
So, in your case, you can useint_least3... |
For the sake of readability, I like to write boolean conditions "in full" in C/C++, e.g.:
if (foo == true)instead ofif (foo)andif (foo == false)instead ofif (!foo).
Does this compromise performance?
|
Assuming foo is a bool, it does not. It can be trivially optimized by the compiler.
However, this may not be the case if foo is a class, which can overload operators to do whatever it wants.
|
What is the difference between these 2 linux errors inerrno.h? 23 and 24I tried 2 different sites but can't understand difference between the two.[EMFILE]
Too many open files.
[ENFILE]
Too many files open in system.# define ENFILE 23 /* File table overflow */
# define EMFILE 24 /* Too many open files */Als... |
For 1) Both error codes are about the situation with too many opened files. EMFILE is too many files opened in your process. ENFILE is too many files opened in the entire system.
|
C++11 added support for raw string literals, such as:
```
R"foo(A " weird \"
string)foo"
```
Does C have such a thing? If so, in what version of the standard? C11? If not, does anyone know if it is being planed and if any compilers support it?
|
Does C have such a thing? If so, in what version of the standard? C11?
C (C90, C99, C11) does not support this feature or any other similar feature.
If not, does anyone know if it is being planed
I have no idea, but usually there is a strong resistance of C committee to include new features in C.
and if any compil... |
Making a connection using libevent, the strange thing is that DNS request sent was for host "WWw.yahoo.COM". Here is the code snippet that caused it.
```
struct evhttp_connection * evcon = evhttp_connection_base_bufferevent_new(
base, dns_base, bev, "www.yahoo.com", port);
```
It doesn't seem to cause a... |
It's a security feature.
randomize-case:INT
If nonzero, we randomize the case on outgoing DNS requests and make sure that replies have the same case as our requests. This so-called "0x20 hack" can help prevent some otherwise simple active events against DNS. Defaults to 1.
http://www.wangafu.net/~nickm/libevent-bo... |
I am making a program for some friends and myself that calculates grades with the weighted percentage and what grades need to me made on the final to pass the class with a specified grade.
The for loop in question is this,
```
for(;;)
{
scanf("%f", &s->grade);
if(s->grade == 'x')
{
break;
}el... |
Either check the return value ofscanf--EOFmeans nothing was parsed/scanned.
Or, use a two step process. First, read astringand check if it equals "x" or whatever, it not, usesscanfto convert the string into a float.
|
Is there any way to pass 2D array to a function asfunction(arr,m,n)and the function defenition asvoid function(int **p,int m,int n)ie, Without explicitly specifying array size ??
|
Let us Chas a good explanation about how to pass two D array as parameter.
I usually use these two ways for passing 2D array as parameter. But you need to specify the size explicitly.
```
void display1(int q[][4],int row,int col){
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
print... |
Recently I have noticed that GCC does not generate object (*.o) files when compiling with '-c'. It does not issue any errors or warnings. I have run it with '-verbose' but it shows nothing out of the ordinary.
Running under Windows:
```
gcc -Wall -c source_file.c
```
I have also tried compiling with '-verbose' to d... |
The issue has been resolved. Reinstalling GCC (mingw) fixed the problem. It is possible the problem came about because I tried to install the 64-bit version of GCC (Mingw-w64) to top of the 32-bit version...
|
I have to convert one of my code segment from C to java. Code is given below.
```
union commandString{
char commndStr[20];
struct{
char commnd[4];
char separator1;
char agr1[5];
char separator2;
char arg2[3];
char separator3;
char additionalArg[5];
}... |
The Java language does not support unions or direct control memory layout the way that languages like C do directly.
However Oracle does offer a backdoor that was added in Java 5 that can be used by using the class sun.misc.Unsafe. It takes a bit of work, the full details have been documented by Martin Thompson on h... |
I came across this post and it the second half is stumping me. I doesn't seem to be semantically correct at all. How is that even feasible. I've found out that this is not C, but C++. So, is this valid C++?
Use of Conditional Operator
We mostly use it in the following form:
```
x = (y < 0) ? 10 : 20;
```
But it cou... |
The statements are not meant to be equivalent. The second statement does not have a 10 in it because it's not supposed to; we're selecting a variable to assign to, rather than a value to assign to the variable.
Also, that's not C. C doesn't allow assignments like the second snippet; that's C++.
|
I have this code snippet and I even reading about the signal system call a few times, I still do not understand why the program stops the fourth time I press CTRL-C, and not the third. Thanks in advance!
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int i=0;
void handler(int sig)
{
i++;
pri... |
Your custom handler gets called three times. The third time, it registers a new signal handler (namely the default one), which terminates the program the next time the signal is delivered.
|
Is there any way to pass 2D array to a function asfunction(arr,m,n)and the function defenition asvoid function(int **p,int m,int n)ie, Without explicitly specifying array size ??
|
Let us Chas a good explanation about how to pass two D array as parameter.
I usually use these two ways for passing 2D array as parameter. But you need to specify the size explicitly.
```
void display1(int q[][4],int row,int col){
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
print... |
Recently I have noticed that GCC does not generate object (*.o) files when compiling with '-c'. It does not issue any errors or warnings. I have run it with '-verbose' but it shows nothing out of the ordinary.
Running under Windows:
```
gcc -Wall -c source_file.c
```
I have also tried compiling with '-verbose' to d... |
The issue has been resolved. Reinstalling GCC (mingw) fixed the problem. It is possible the problem came about because I tried to install the 64-bit version of GCC (Mingw-w64) to top of the 32-bit version...
|
I have to convert one of my code segment from C to java. Code is given below.
```
union commandString{
char commndStr[20];
struct{
char commnd[4];
char separator1;
char agr1[5];
char separator2;
char arg2[3];
char separator3;
char additionalArg[5];
}... |
The Java language does not support unions or direct control memory layout the way that languages like C do directly.
However Oracle does offer a backdoor that was added in Java 5 that can be used by using the class sun.misc.Unsafe. It takes a bit of work, the full details have been documented by Martin Thompson on h... |
I came across this post and it the second half is stumping me. I doesn't seem to be semantically correct at all. How is that even feasible. I've found out that this is not C, but C++. So, is this valid C++?
Use of Conditional Operator
We mostly use it in the following form:
```
x = (y < 0) ? 10 : 20;
```
But it cou... |
The statements are not meant to be equivalent. The second statement does not have a 10 in it because it's not supposed to; we're selecting a variable to assign to, rather than a value to assign to the variable.
Also, that's not C. C doesn't allow assignments like the second snippet; that's C++.
|
I have this code snippet and I even reading about the signal system call a few times, I still do not understand why the program stops the fourth time I press CTRL-C, and not the third. Thanks in advance!
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int i=0;
void handler(int sig)
{
i++;
pri... |
Your custom handler gets called three times. The third time, it registers a new signal handler (namely the default one), which terminates the program the next time the signal is delivered.
|
I came across this post and it the second half is stumping me. I doesn't seem to be semantically correct at all. How is that even feasible. I've found out that this is not C, but C++. So, is this valid C++?
Use of Conditional Operator
We mostly use it in the following form:
```
x = (y < 0) ? 10 : 20;
```
But it cou... |
The statements are not meant to be equivalent. The second statement does not have a 10 in it because it's not supposed to; we're selecting a variable to assign to, rather than a value to assign to the variable.
Also, that's not C. C doesn't allow assignments like the second snippet; that's C++.
|
I have this code snippet and I even reading about the signal system call a few times, I still do not understand why the program stops the fourth time I press CTRL-C, and not the third. Thanks in advance!
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int i=0;
void handler(int sig)
{
i++;
pri... |
Your custom handler gets called three times. The third time, it registers a new signal handler (namely the default one), which terminates the program the next time the signal is delivered.
|
This question already has answers here:Understanding typedefs for function pointers in C(8 answers)Closed9 years ago.
I've been reading a c codehere. I don't understand this typedef:
```
typedef const char * (*Responder)( int p1);
```
Isp1a parameter of Responder? Is Responder a const char?
|
typedefis (syntactically) nothing else than any other storage-class specifier (likestaticorextern), just think about what this would declare without thetypedef:
```
const char * (*Responder)( int p1);
```
Responderis a pointer to a function (getting anint) returning a pointer toconst char.
So, with thetypedef, you ... |
I'm learning about dynamic memory at the moment, but my book is not clear about this. Why does the declaration of thedynArraydoesn't not have the [ ] brackets which is used for array declaration when not using malloc. Why is the[ ]not needed when declaring, but needed in the loop.
```
int * dynArray;
dynArray = mallo... |
It is not needed in the loop; pointers can be accessed as arrays and arrays can be accessed as pointers
This is equivalent
```
for(i=0; i<=myInt; i++){
*(dynArray+i) = rand()%100;
}
```
|
I have the following code in which thetmpFILE *does not keep the previous position offp(which is 0). It actually changes along withfpwhen I usefseek().
Output:
```
fp=0 fp=40 tmp=40
```
How can I make it work such thattmpkeeps the original position?
```
main()
{
FILE *fp,*tmp;
char *name;
... |
Both pointers point to the same FILE structure. If you wish, you can simply open the file twice, in which case, the pointers would be entirely independent.
|
I've been stuck on this for a while now, is it possible to redirect stdout to two different places? I am writing my own shell for practice, and it can currently run commands likeps aux | wc -lorps aux | wc -l > output.file. However, when I try to runps aux > file.out | wc -l, the second command does not receive the in... |
Normal UNIX shells don't work with that syntax either. UNIX (and some other OSs) provides thetee[1] command to send output to a file and alsostdout.
Example:ps aux | tee file.out | wc -l
[1] Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tee_(command)
|
For the following piece of code:
```
char a[] = "Apple";
char *s[] = {"Apple"};
printf("%d %d\n", sizeof(a), sizeof(s[0]));
```
The output is:
```
6 4
```
Can someone tell me whysizeof()is giving different outputs?
EDIT:I did intend to typesizeof()originally, but typedstrlen()instead. I apologize for the same. I ... |
sizeof(a)is the size of the array, which contains the terminator as well as the 5 printable characters.
strlen(s[0])gives the length of the string, excluding the terminator, since that is whatstrlenis specified to do.
UPDATE:sizeof(s[0])is the size of a pointer. There's no way to determine the size of an array given... |
I'm reading cat source code, but I dont understand the following piece of code
```
insize = MAX (insize, outsize);
inbuf = xmalloc (insize + page_size - 1);
```
Why is the buffer created with a size ofinsize + page_size -1?
|
This is a common idiom used when you need to allocate a buffer that will be aligned on a page boundary (page-aligned buffers are required by various APIs and can also improve memory throughput). There is no portable way to askmallocfor a page-aligned buffer, so asking forx + PAGE_SIZE-1bytes guarantees that you will b... |
This question already has answers here:Isn't there a syntax error? Should printf("one" ", two and " "%s.\n", "three" ); be valid code?(3 answers)Closed9 years ago.
I have the following code in C:
```
#include<stdio.h>
void main(){
printf("a" "b" "c");
}
```
it outputs:
abc
Can anyone explain why?
I am guessi... |
Adjacent string literals are concatenated as part oftranslation phase 6.
Brief summary of phases (source: C99 standard, paraphrased)
Trigraphs and multi-byte characters in the source file are mapped to the source character setLines ending in\are splicedFile parsed into a set of preprocessing tokensPreprocessing dire... |
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
main()
{
printf("%d \n ",sizeof(' '));
printf("%d ",sizeof(""));
}
```
output:
```
4
1
```
Why o/p is coming 4 for 1st printf and moreover if i am giving it as '' it is showing error as error: empty character constant but for double quote blank i.e. without any... |
The' 'is example ofinteger character constant, which has typeint(it's not converted, ithassuch type). Second is""character literal, which contains only one character i.e.null characterand sincesizeof(char)is guaranteed to be1, the size of whole array is1as well.
|
I'm trying to run a simulation that involves a large amount of calculations and values.
I've got an issue in that large arrays cause the program to crash before it's even declared any variables. I'm not sure if this is due to my code or due to my operating system refusing to run the program.
Code that crashes the pr... |
adsorptionis being allocated on thestack, and it must be overflowing the stack. Hence the error.
Usemallocand family to allocate large chunks of data on theheap.
edit
Or make it static -- @Matt McNabb thanks! :-)
|
For e.g. if Array A is
```
A[0] = 0.1
A[1] = 0.6
A[2] = 1.2
A[3] = 1.7
A[4] = 3.5
```
then for pair (3,4) we haveA[3]*A[4] > A[3]+A[4]
I want to find the number of such pairs in an array.
AlsoA[i] = A1 [i] + A2[i]/1,000,000
Where A1 and A2 are inputs given andA1 and A2 are in sorted order.
Answering with O(n^2) ... |
```
x * y > x + y
```
divide by x*y (for positive values)
```
1/x + 1/y < 1
```
Let's the first cursor (R) points to the right element (minimal 1/a[i] value), and the second cursor (L) points to the left element.Move L to the right until sum of reciprocals reaches 1.Add (R-L) to result.Step R to left.Repeat moving ... |
Closed. This question needs to be morefocused. It is not currently accepting answers.Want to improve this question?Update the question so it focuses on one problem only byediting this post.Closed9 years ago.Improve this question
I am converting code written inperltoClanguage but before proceeding I would like to know... |
It depends entirely on what you are doing. Raw performance of an interpreted language like Perl isn't as good as C, but if you are accessing files, pulling information out of a database, or other things which aren't purely part of the language itself you'll find the performance difference is negligible and the benefit... |
I want to add--export-dynamicflag to my project's configure.ac file.
I am trying to compile my project files that must use this flag afterpkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0.
The following are contents of my configure.ac file.
```
AC_INIT(myapp, 1.0)
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([1.11])
AM_SILENT_R... |
How about adding them to AM_LDFLAGS or more specific _LDFLAGS variable in Makefile.am
|
I am trying to sscanf from a file. The pattern I am trying to match is the following
"%s\t%s\t%s\t%f"
Thing is that I am surprised because for an input like following:
Hello Hola Hallo 5.344434
it is reading all of the data properly...
Do you know why?
I was expecting it to be finding tabs like |---|---|---|---| n... |
Thestandardreads:
A directive composed of white-space character(s) is executed by
reading input up to the first non-white-space character (which remains
unread), or until no more characters can be read.
In other words, a sequence of white-space characters (space, tab, newline, etc.; as defined byisspace()) in the... |
Closed.This question isnot reproducible or was caused by typos. It is not currently accepting answers.This question was caused by a typo or a problem that can no longer be reproduced. While similar questions may beon-topichere, this one was resolved in a way less likely to help future readers.Closed9 years ago.Improve... |
You forgot to assign the result back to a. Just like
```
int a = 3;
a + 2;
printf ("%d\n", a);
```
will print 3 and not 5.
|
How can I add a new format specifier say%kwhich will print a specific user-defined structure in a specific format?
What i want to do:-
```
struct k {
//members
}s1;
printf ("%k", s1);
```
Thisprintfshould print the structure in user-defined fashion.
|
Yes, it's possible (but non-portable) usingregister_printf_function, see12.13 Customizing printffrom libc documentation for more details:
The GNU C Library lets you define your own custom conversion
specifiers forprintftemplate strings, to teachprintfclever ways to
print the important data structures of your prog... |
I am learning C by myself, and I am writing a program that accepts commandline arguments.
```
main(int argc, char **argv)
chdir (argv[1]);
```
I was wondering, if there is any way I can limit the number of arguments that can be passed to this program, say, how much number of arguments I pass, it accepts only first 2... |
There is no way to limit how many arguments the OS can pass to your program programatically... however, you can do one of two things:
Ignore extra argumentsexitwith an error.#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define EXPECTED_NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS (2)
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if(argc != EXPECTED_NU... |
I'm having trouble understanding this specific declaration:
void (*signal(int, void (*fp)(int)))(int);
My previous understanding of function pointers was that the first item in brackets was the name of the function pointer.
egint (*MySuperDuperNameForASimpleAddFunction)(int, int);
I don't understand how it's possi... |
```
void (*signal(int, void (*fp)(int)))(int);
```
signalis a function, taking :
an inta function pointer taking an int and returning void
...and returning a function pointer taking an int and returning void. Phew.
|
Closed.This question isnot reproducible or was caused by typos. It is not currently accepting answers.This question was caused by a typo or a problem that can no longer be reproduced. While similar questions may beon-topichere, this one was resolved in a way less likely to help future readers.Closed9 years ago.Improve... |
You are missing a comma in yourprintfcommand
printf("%d\n", *(b+i));is the correct way to format the print out.
|
I have the following code in which thetmpFILE *does not keep the previous position offp(which is 0). It actually changes along withfpwhen I usefseek().
Output:
```
fp=0 fp=40 tmp=40
```
How can I make it work such thattmpkeeps the original position?
```
main()
{
FILE *fp,*tmp;
char *name;
... |
Both pointers point to the same FILE structure. If you wish, you can simply open the file twice, in which case, the pointers would be entirely independent.
|
I've been stuck on this for a while now, is it possible to redirect stdout to two different places? I am writing my own shell for practice, and it can currently run commands likeps aux | wc -lorps aux | wc -l > output.file. However, when I try to runps aux > file.out | wc -l, the second command does not receive the in... |
Normal UNIX shells don't work with that syntax either. UNIX (and some other OSs) provides thetee[1] command to send output to a file and alsostdout.
Example:ps aux | tee file.out | wc -l
[1] Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tee_(command)
|
For the following piece of code:
```
char a[] = "Apple";
char *s[] = {"Apple"};
printf("%d %d\n", sizeof(a), sizeof(s[0]));
```
The output is:
```
6 4
```
Can someone tell me whysizeof()is giving different outputs?
EDIT:I did intend to typesizeof()originally, but typedstrlen()instead. I apologize for the same. I ... |
sizeof(a)is the size of the array, which contains the terminator as well as the 5 printable characters.
strlen(s[0])gives the length of the string, excluding the terminator, since that is whatstrlenis specified to do.
UPDATE:sizeof(s[0])is the size of a pointer. There's no way to determine the size of an array given... |
I'm reading cat source code, but I dont understand the following piece of code
```
insize = MAX (insize, outsize);
inbuf = xmalloc (insize + page_size - 1);
```
Why is the buffer created with a size ofinsize + page_size -1?
|
This is a common idiom used when you need to allocate a buffer that will be aligned on a page boundary (page-aligned buffers are required by various APIs and can also improve memory throughput). There is no portable way to askmallocfor a page-aligned buffer, so asking forx + PAGE_SIZE-1bytes guarantees that you will b... |
Given the following declaration:
char inputBuffer[12];
What is the default value of either char within the array?
I'm interested in knowing this because if at any time I want to clear a position in the array, I need to know what value to give it.
|
The array elements have indeterminate value except if the array it is defined at file-scope or havestaticstorage-class specifier then the array elements are initialized to0.
```
#include <stdio.h>
char inputBuffer1[12]; // elements initialized to 0
static char inputBuffer2[12]; // elements initialized t... |
I am trying to create a client client server application to stream and then receive video using rtsp using ffmpeg libraries. I am done with the client part which is streaming the video and i can receive the video on ffplay using following command
```
ffplay -rtsp_flags listen rtsp://127.0.0.1:8556/live.sdp
```
My pr... |
You need to add the option when opening the stream:
```
AVDictionary *d = NULL; // "create" an empty dictionary
av_dict_set(&d, "rtsp_flags", "listen", 0); // add an entry
//open rtsp
if ( avformat_open_input( &ifcx, sFileInput, NULL, &d) != 0 ) {
printf( "ERROR: Cannot open input file\n" );
return EXIT... |
When usingcommuinity_leading_eigenvectorofigraph, assuming a graph g has already been created, how do I pass the list of weights of graph g tocommunity_leading_eigenvector?
community_leading_eigenvector(clusters=None, weights=None,
arpack_options=None)
|
You can either pass the name of the attribute containing the weights to theweightsparameter, or retrieve all the weights into a list usingg.es["weight"]and then pass that to theweightsparameter. So, either of these would suffice, assuming that your weights are in theweightedge attribute:
g.community_leading_eigenvect... |
```
int *getAr()
{
int *a;
int i;
a=(int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*10);
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
a[i]=i;
return(a);
}
int main()
{
int *a;
int i;
a=getAr();
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
printf("%d\t",a[i]);
printf... |
When youmalloc(), the memory is taken from the heap. Which is not unloaded when the function returns (unlike the stack).
|
This question already has answers here:Why does sizeof(x++) not increment x?(10 answers)Closed9 years ago.
```
foo(a = b+c);
//new value of a(after the call) = b+c
//but
sizeof(a = b+c);
//new value of a = old value of a
```
Why isn't the the result of the assignment statement reflected in the stack of the function(... |
sizeofis an operator not a function. Operand ofsizeofis not evaluated except when it is a variable length array.
C11: 6.5.3.4 p(2):
Thesizeofoperator yields the size (in bytes) of its operand, which may be an expression or the parenthesized name of a type. The size is determined from the type of the operand. The res... |
I scoured through the code for the 'for' loop issues here. I checked my semicolons etc,but still cannot figure out why my loop is only looping once.
Code is shown below, Thank you.
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include <cs50.h>
int main(void)
{
printf("Enter Height: ");
int height = GetInt();
int i;
int co... |
You're using the same iterator in the inner loops, while it's being used in the outer(main) one.
Just use an integer calledj(declare it earlier of course) and use it in the inner one.
|
I am writing the values of the following 1-D array in a file(text file) but when I open it by double clicking it, it's not readable. Why so?? Also please tell me the solution so that I can write a file(text file) and read it by double clicking it.
```
#include "stdafx.h"
int main()
{FILE *fp;
int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4,... |
fwrite writes the binary values to the file. If you're writing text values, you probably want to use fprintf instead.
Try this:
```
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fp;
int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
fp=fopen("myfile.txt", "w");
for( int i=0; i<5; ++i )
{
fprintf(fp, "%d ", a[i]);
... |
I am working on Xcode 5.1.1 and I have got an error in a C-file that is supposed to work perfectly.
```
typedef enum {NO = 0, YES = 1} EnBool;
```
! Expected '}'
The debugger focuses on the first brace, it is like it does not want it whereas there is an enumeration just behind.
|
NOandYESare keywords (Actually macros) inObjective C, you can't use them as enum labels.
It is defined inobjc.hand it's implementation looks like:
Use any other labels like:
```
typedef enum {nothing = 0, something = 1} EnBool;
```
|
Is there a way to use asterisk AMI in c language? I want to get information about asterisk in its module using C language. I have configured manager.conf file.
|
AMI is simple interface using tcp socket.
Sure you can use it from c.
You can get libs from this page:
http://www.voip-info.org/wiki/view/Asterisk+manager+Examples
|
Is there a way to use asterisk AMI in c language? I want to get information about asterisk in its module using C language. I have configured manager.conf file.
|
AMI is simple interface using tcp socket.
Sure you can use it from c.
You can get libs from this page:
http://www.voip-info.org/wiki/view/Asterisk+manager+Examples
|
When I build a program with debugging information (gcc -g),gdbis able to tell me addresses of local variables inside a function. Thus, the debugging symbols must contain enough information to calculate this (i.e. an offset fromebp), and sincegdbuseslibbfdto read debugging symbols, I should be able to as well.
However... |
libbfdwill provide access to the ELF file, opening the file, getting access to the contents of the section, but interpreting these contents is not something thatlibbfddoes, this is something the application would need to do.
Usually, debugging information is encoded usingDWARF.
There are libraries forinterpreting DW... |
Can someone provide me with code or information on how to write a asterisk module which will dump queue statistics to a file.
Please provide links which have good documentation on how to do this.
I have followedthis code
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There are no need do such module.
Queue statistics already dumped as events into queue_log.
You can re-organzied that by external program.
If you need status of queue, you cna use something like that
```
asterisk -rx "queue show"
```
And parse that for you need using perl or bash script.
|
I am fairly new to C and during one of my exercises I encountered something I couldn't wrap my head around.
When I check the size of an element of tabel (which here is 'b') than I get 4. However if I were to check 'char' than I get 1. How come?
```
# include <stdio.h>
int main(){
char tabel[10] = {'b','f','r','o... |
'b'is not of type char.'b'is a literal and it's type is int.
From C11 Standard Draft (ISO/IEC 9899:201x): 6.4.4.4 Character constants: Description
An integer character constant is a sequence of one or more multibyte characters enclosed in single-quotes, as in 'x'.
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