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ff.; ff. Scogan, . Scot, Duns, . Scotland, poets of, , ff. Scott, Sir Walter, . "Scriptoria," . Scroby, Allan, . Scrope, Sir R., . Scyld, . _Seafarer_, . _Secret des Secrets_, . _Secretum Secretorum_, . _Secunda Pastorum_, ff. _Sejanus_, . Selred, King, . Seneca, . _Sentier batu_, . Sergeant, L., on Wyclif, , . Sergeant, Chaucer's, , . Sermons,
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A.S., ff., French, ff., Latin, , with "exempla," , English, ff., in Chaucer, , , in Langland, , by Wyclif, . _Serpent of Division_, . Severus, Emperor, . Svign, Madame de, . Shakespeare, , , , , , ff., , , , , , ff., ff., , , , , . Shareshull, William de, . Shepherds, play of, , ,
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ff. Sheridan, . Shipman, Chaucer's, , . Shoreham, William de, , . Shows, ff. Sidney, Sir Philip, , , , . Sidonius Apollinaris, . _Sige d'Orlans_, a drama, . Sienna, medival, . Sievers, E., on Cdmon, . Sigfried, . Simon, bishop of Ely, . Simpson, W. S., on St. Paul's, . _Siriz, Dame_, ff. Skeat, W. W., , , on
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Langland, , on _Testament of Love_, . Skelton, , . Skirni, . Smith, Lucy Toulmin, on Mysteries, ; . Socrates, , . Soderhjelm, on _Horn_, . Solomon, King, , . _Somme des Vices et des Vertus_, , , . Songs, "Goliardois," ; English, ff., , at Christmas, ff.; . Sophocles, . Sorel, Albert, . Southwark, , , , . Speaker,
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the, , , . _Spectator_, . _Speculum Charitatis_, . _Speculum Meditantis_, . _Speculum Stultorum_, ff. Speeches, in Parliament, , , ff. Spencer, H., _see_ Despencer. Spenser, Edmund, . Spont, on Chaucer, . Squire, Chaucer's, , . _Squyr of Lowe Degre_, . _Stacions of Rome_, . Stafford, earl of, . Stage, the, Bk. iii. c. vi., ff. Stamford-bridge, . State, Roman
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idea of, ff., Wyclif on the rights of, ff., ff. States General, in France, . Statius, , , , . Stephen, King, , , . Sterne, . Stilicho, . Stoker, Whitley, . Stonehenge, . Stow, J., . Strasbourg, Gotfrit of, ff. Stratford-at-Bow, French of, . Strode, Ralph, , , . Stuarts, , , , . Stubbes, Philip, . Stury, Sir
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Richard, , . Sudbury, Simon, , . Sudre, on _Renart_, . Suffolk, Duke of, , . Sully, Maurice de, . Summoners or Somnours, , Chaucer's, . Swalwe, John, . Swedes, in _Beowulf_, . Sweet, H., , . _Swevenyng_, Book of, . Swift, , , , . Swinburne, , ff. Swithin, St., . Swynford, Thomas, . Tabard inn, ff., , ,
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. Taborites, . Tacitus, , , , ff., , ff., , , , . Taillefer, at Hastings, . Taine, II., , and Preface. Talbot, J., earl of Shrewsbury, . Tale, tales, moralised, , French, ff., Latin, ff., English, , of the Basyn, , of Beryn, , and short stories, ff., of Gamelyn, , of Melibeus, , , , , by
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Gower, , told by histrions, , by Dunbar, . Tapestries, . _Tartufe_, . _Temple of Glas_, ff. Ten Brink, , on Chaucer, . Tennyson, , , , , ff., and Preface. Terence, . _Teseide_, , . Tesoroni, on Ceadwalla, . _Testament of Cresseid_, . _Testament of Love_, , . Teutonic races, ff. Thaon, Philippe de, . _Thebes_, Story of, ,
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ff. Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury, . Theodebert, . Theodore of Tarsus, . Theodoric the Great, , , . Theseus, duke of Athens, . Thierri, king of Austrasia, . Thomas, author of _Horn_, in French, . Thomas, author of a _Tristan_, . Thompson, Maunde, , , , . _Thopas, Sir_, , , , . Thor, , . Thornton, Gilbert of, .
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_Thornton Romances_, . Thorpe, W., . _Thre Lawes_, a comedy by John Bale, . _Thrissil and the Rois_, . _Thrush and Nightingale_, , . Thurkill, . Thurot, on the Paris University, ff. Thynne, F., . Tiberius, . Til Ulespiegel, . Tilbury, Gervase of, . Titus, , . Torcello, mosaic at, . Tort, Lambert le, . Tour Landry, Kt. de la,
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, . Tournaments, , , . _Towneley Mysteries_, ff. Toynbee, on Mandeville, . Trade, English, ff., ff., ff. Travels, by Englishmen, ff., in France, Bohemia, Italy, ff., of Mandeville, , ff. Treasures in Scandinavian literature, , in A.S. literature, ff. Trees, not to be cut, . Trevisa, John of, , , , , . _Triall of Treasure_, . _Tristan and
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Iseult_, ff., , , , . Trivet, Nicholas, , . Trogus Pompeius, . _Troilus_ (and Cressida), , ff., ff., , , , , , , , , , , . Trojans, ancestors of European nations, ff. _Trojan War_, . Trokelowe, John de, . _Troy Book_, ff. Troyes, Chrestien de, . Tudors, , . _Turnament of Totenham_, . Tundal, . Tunstall,
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Sir Marmaduke, . Turks, besiege Constantinople, . Turpin, archbishop, . Tybert, the cat, ff., , . Uccello, Paolo, . Ulysses, . "Unam Sanctam," bull, . University of Paris, ff., of Oxford and Cambridge, ff., ff. _Uplandis Mous_, . Urban VI., . Usener, on Boece, . Usnech, . _Utopia_, . Vacarius, . Valenciennes Passion, . Valerius (_alias_ Map), . Valkyrias, ,
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, . Vandals, , , . Vandois, . Venus, described by Chaucer, , by Gower, , , by James I., , _see_ Complaint. Vercingetorix, . Vespasian, . "Vice," in Moralities, ff. _Vices et Vertus_, _see_ Somme. _Vieil Testament_, Mystre du, ff. Vigfusson, G., . Vigny, Alfred de, . Vikings, , . Villon, , , , . Vinesauf, Geoffrey de, ff.,
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. Virgil, , , , , , , , , , , , . Virgin Mary, , , ff., , , _see_ Joseph. Visconti, Barnabo, , . Visions, of St. Paul, Tundal, Thurkill, St. Patrick, , of Rolle of Hampole, , concerning Piers Plowman, ff. Vital, Orderic, , , , , . Vitry, Jacques de, , , . Vocabulary, ff.,
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after the Conquest, ff., of Chaucer, , , of Langland, , in the XVth century, . Voiture, . Volsungs, . Voltaire, . _Volucraire_, . _Vox and Wolf_, . _Vox Clamantis_, ff. Wace, on Hastings, , ; , , , , , ff., . Wadington, William of, , , , on drama, ff. _Waldhere_, , , . Wales, partly conquered by
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William, , , described by Gerald de Barry, ; _see_ Welsh. Walhalla, , , . Wall, of Hadrian, . Wallace, William, . Walsingham, Thomas, , , , ff., ff., on Wyclif, , , . Walter, archdeacon of Oxford, . Walter the Englishman, . Walter, Hubert, . Waltheof, . Walworth, Sir William, . Warner, G. F., on Mandeville, . _Wanderer_, .
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Wandering Jew, . War-songs, Germanic, , A.S., ff., . Ward, H. L. D., on _Beowulf_, , on Map, . Warwick, _see_ Guy. Washbourn, Richard, . Waterford, Geoffrey de, , . Waurin Jean de, . Weber, H. W., on Romances, . Wedmore, peace of, . "Wednesday," . _Weeping Bitch_, , , ff., . Weland, . Welsh language, , laws, , literature,
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, , legends on Arthur, , traditions, . Wendover, Roger de, ff. Werferth, bishop of Worcester, , . Wesley, , . Westminster Abbey, . Wey, William, . Whitsuntide plays, . Whittington, Richard, . _Widsith_, . Wife of Bath, , , , , , , , . _Wife's Complaint_, . Wilfrith, St., , . William the Conqueror, ff., , , ,
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, , . William Rufus, , . _William of Palerne_, , . Willibrord, St., . Winchester, Godfrey of, . Windisch, . Winfrith (St. Boniface), . Wireker, Nigel, ff. Woden, , , ff., , , . Woman, in Celtic literature, ff., in Scandinavian literature, , in A.S. sermons, , in _Chanson de Roland_, ff., in chansons, ff., satirised by Map, ,
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in English songs, ff., in Chaucer, ff., ff., in Boccaccio, , , in _Gawayne_, , excluded from the _Pui_ Society, , satirised, , , in Langland, . Women, _see_ Legend. Woodkirk Mysteries, ff. Worcester, Florence of, . Wordsworth, . Workmen, London, in Chaucer, , singing, , St. Joseph one of them, ff. Wren, Christopher, . Wright, Aldis, on Robert of
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Gloucester, . _Wright's Chaste Wife_, . Wulfstan, the homilist, . Wulfstan, the traveller, . Wulfstan, bishop of Worcester, , . Wlcker, on Cdmon, . Wyclif, , , , life and works, ff., ff. Wyclif Society, . Wykeham, William of, , , ff. Wyntoun, Andrew de, . _Year Books_, , ff. Ymagynatyf, . _York plays_, ff., their end, . Ypres, John
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of, . Ysengrin, ff. Zeno, Apostolo, . Zimmer, . Zupitza, on _Beowulf_, , on Guy of Warwick, . Transcriber's Notes The year in Roman numerals has been retained as it is in the original. Changed owned to owed on page , "allegiance is only owed" Added opening parenthesis in footnote , "see also P. Meyer" Added opening parenthesis in footnote
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E-text prepared by Al Haines LIFE AND CONDUCT by J. CAMERON LEES, D.D., LL.D., Edinburgh. Toronto: William Briggs, Wesley Buildings. Montreal: C. W. Coates. Halifax: S. F. Huestis. . Entered, according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year one thousand eight hundred and ninety-six, by WILLIAM BRIGGS, at the Department of Agriculture. INTRODUCTION. This book has been
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selected from the "Guild Series" for young people, published in Scotland, and reprinted in Canada by permission. The wise counsels and practical suggestions with which this book abounds make it eminently suitable for the Epworth League Reading Course. We commend it to all young people who are desirous to form their character on the Christian model and to carry religious
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principle into the practical affairs of common life. Some of the chapters will furnish material for interesting programmes in the Literary Department. PREFACE. This hand-book has been written at the request of the Christian Life and Work Committee of the Church of Scotland as one of a series of volumes which it is at present issuing for the use of
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Young Men's Guilds and Bible Classes. The object of the writer has been to show how the principles of religion may be applied to the conduct of young men, and in the practice of everyday life. In doing this he has endeavored to keep steadily in view the fact that the s designed chiefly as a manual of instruction, and
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can only present the outlines of a somewhat wide subject. His language has been necessarily simple, and he has been often obliged to put his statements in an abbreviated form. Most of the contents of this book have been drawn from a long and somewhat varied experience of life; but the author has also availed himself of the writings of
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others who have written books for the special benefit of young men. He has appended a list of works which he has consulted, and has endeavored to acknowledge his indebtedness for any help in the way of argument or illustration that they have afforded him. It will be a great gratification to him to learn that the book has been
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in any way useful to the young men, of whose position, duties, and temptations he has thought much when writing it; and he sends it forth with the earnest prayer that the Spirit of God may bless his endeavors to be of service to those whose interests he, in common with his brethren in the ministry, regards as of paramount
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importance. EDINBURGH, _28th June, ._ CONTENTS. CHAP. I. CHARACTER II. SUCCESS IN LIFE III. PERSONAL INFLUENCE IV. FRIENDS V. MONEY VI. TIME VII. COURAGE VIII. HEALTH IX. EARNESTNESS X. MANNERS XI. TEMPER XII. RECREATION XIII. BOOKS XIV. FAMILY LIFE XV. CHURCH XVI. CITIZENSHIP APPENDIX LIST OF WORKS LIFE AND CONDUCT. . CHARACTER. Everything in the practical conduct of life depends
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upon character. What is character? What do we mean by it? As when we say such a man is a bad character, or a good character, or when we use the words, "I don't like the character of that man." By character we mean what a man really is, at the back of all his actions and his reputation and
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the opinion the world has of him, in the very depth of his being, in the sight of God, "to whom all hearts are open, all desires known, and from whom no secrets are hid." It is said of Burns, the poet, that walking along the streets of Edinburgh with a fashionable acquaintance, he saw a poorly-dressed peasant, whom he
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rushed up to and greeted as a familiar friend. His companion expressed his surprise that he could lower himself by speaking to one in so rustic a garb. "Fool!" said the poet, with flashing eye; "it was not the dress, the peasant's bonnet and hodden gray, I spoke to, but the man within--the man who beneath that bonnet has a
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head, and beneath that hodden gray a heart, better than a thousand such as yours." What the poet termed the "man within," what the Scripture calls the "hidden man of the heart," is character--the thing a man really is. Now, there are five things to be remembered about _character_. I. Character is a growth.--As the man without grows, so the
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man within grows also--grows day by day either in beauty or in deformity. We are becoming, as the days and years pass on, what we shall be in our future earthly life, what we shall be when that life is ended. No one becomes what he is at once, whether what he is be good or bad. You may have
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seen in the winter-time an icicle forming under the eaves of a house. It grows, one drop at a time, until it is more than a foot long. If the water is clear, the icicle remains clear and sparkles in the sun; but if the water is muddy, the icicle looks dirty and its beauty is spoiled. So our characters
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are formed; one little thought or feeling at a time adds its influence. If these thoughts and feelings are pure and right, the character will be lovely and will sparkle with light; but if they are impure and evil, the character will be wretched and deformed. Fairy tales tell us of palaces built up in a night by unseen hands,
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but those tales are not half so wonderful as what is going on in each of us. Day and night, summer and winter, a building is going up within us, behind the outer screen of our lives. The storeys of it are being silently fashioned: virtue is being added to faith, and to virtue is being added knowledge, and to
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knowledge is being added brotherly kindness, and to brotherly kindness charity; or meanness is being added to selfishness, and greed to meanness, and impurity, malice and hatred become courses in the building. A wretched hovel, a poor, mean, squalid structure, is rising within us; and when the screen of our outward life is taken from us, this is what we
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shall be. II. Character is independent of reputation and circumstances.--A man may be held in very high esteem by the world, and yet may be a very miserable creature so far as his character is concerned. The rich man of the parable was well off and probably much thought of, but God called him a fool. Here is a man
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who is greatly esteemed by the public; he is regarded in every way as admirable. Follow him home, and you find him in his family a mean and sordid soul. There you have the real man. We cannot always judge a man by what he has, or by what he appears to us; for what he is may be something
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very different. "These uniforms," said the Duke of Wellington, "are great illusions. Strip them off, and many a pretty fellow would be a coward; when in them he passes muster with the rest." We must not confound the uniform with the man: we are often too ready to do so. _To a certain extent_ we can form an idea what
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a man is from the outside. The horny hand tells of the life of labor; the deep-set brow tells of the thinker. In other words we have a right to judge a man by his habitation. If the fences are broken down, the paths are unkept, the flower-beds full of weeds, we may be pretty sure the inhabitants are idle,
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thriftless, perhaps intemperate. So a clear eye, a firm step, an open countenance, tell of a pure, good soul within. For example, a man of cold exterior or of formal manner may often have a warm heart under it all; a man of rough manners may have kindly feelings that he cannot express. We are often long in the company
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of men before we really know them, and then the discovery of what they are comes on us by surprise. III. Character cannot be always hidden.--There are those who seem to think that they can have one set of principles for themselves and another for the outward world; that they can be in their heart one thing and in society
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another; that they can have one character and another reputation. They may be proud, but they can so hide their pride as to have the reputation of being humble; they can lie, but still have the reputation of always speaking the truth; they can be impure, and yet have the reputation of being virtuous. But sooner or later what they
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really are generally becomes manifest. Reputation and character come to be one. That which they would keep secret cannot be concealed. The mask which men would wear slips aside and discloses the face beneath it. () Time reveals character. As the years pass along, a man generally gets to be known for what he is. For example, if a man
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is a coward and enlists in the army, he may swagger about and look like a real soldier, but a time will come when the spirit of the man will show itself, and he will be set down at his real value. Or a young man in an office may act dishonestly and go on perhaps for long doing so,
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and thinking he is carefully concealing his frauds, but, when least expected, discovery takes place, and ruin and disgrace follow. () Sorrow reveals character. Nothing more truly shows what a man is than his bearing under the sorrows of life. When the flag is wrapped around the flag-staff on a calm day, when no breath of wind is moving, we
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cannot read the device that is upon it, but when the storm unfurls the flag, we can read it plainly enough. In the same way when the troubles of life beat upon men we can read clearly what they are. Again, when we go along the road on a summer day we often cannot see the houses that are concealed
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by the foliage of the trees; but in winter-time, when the trees are bare and leafless, we know what kind of houses are there, whether they are squalid cottages or grand mansions. So in the winter-time of life, when the leaves are blown away, men come out and we know what kind of character they have been building up behind
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the screen of their life. () If time and sorrow do not reveal character, eternity will. We will appear then, not as we seem, but as we are. Christ is to be our judge. Consider what a striking thing it is in the life of Christ that His searching glance seemed to go right to the heart, to the hidden
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motive, to the man within. "He knew what was in man." A poor woman passed by Him as He sat in the temple. She was poverty-stricken in her garb, and she stole up to the contribution-box and dropped in her offering. Christ's glance went right beyond her outward appearance, and beyond her small and almost imperceptible offering, to the motive
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and character. "She hath given more than they all." All sorts of people were around Him: Pharisees, with their phylacteries; Scribes, with their sceptical notions; Samaritans, with their vaunted traditions: but He always went right beyond the outward show. The Samaritan was good and kind, though he got no credit for piety; the Pharisee was corrupt and self-seeking, though he
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got no credit for piety; the Publican was a child of God, though no one would speak to him. Christ reversed the judgment of men on those people whom they thought they knew so well, but did not know at all. So it shall be at the last; we shall be judged by what we are. IV. Character alone endures.--What
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a man has he leaves behind him; what a man is he carries with him. It is related that when Alexander the Great was dying he commanded that his hands should be left outside his shroud, that all men might see that, though conqueror of the world he could take nothing away with him. Before Saladin the Great uttered his
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last sigh he called the herald who had carried his banner before him in all his battles, and commanded him to fasten to the top of the spear a shroud in which he was to be buried, and to proclaim, "This is all that remains to Saladin the Great of all his glory." So men have felt in all ages
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that death strips them, and that they take nothing with them of what they have gained. But what we are ourselves we take with us. All that time has made us, for good or evil, goes with us. We can lay up treasures in ourselves that neither moth nor rust can corrupt, and which thieves cannot steal away. "The splendid
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treasures of memory, the treasures of disciplined powers, of enlarged capacities, of a pure and loving heart, all are treasures which a man can carry in him and with him into that other world." We are but farmers of ourselves, yet may, If we can stock ourselves and thrive, uplay Much good treasure for the great rent-day.--DONNE. "All the jewels
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and gold a man can collect he drops from his hand when he dies, but every good action he has done is rooted into his soul and can never leave him."--Buddhist saying. V. The highest character a man can have is the Christian Character.--() Christ is the giver of a noble character. It is possible to be united to Christ
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as the branch is united to the tree; and when we are so, His life passes into ours: a change in character comes to us; we are renewed in the inward man, old things pass away, and all things become new. In the life of St. Paul we have a striking instance how coming to Christ effects a change in
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character. He became a different man from what he was; he received a new inward life; a transfiguring change passed over the entire character; the life he lived in the flesh became a life of faith in the Son of God; and his experience has been the experience of many. The source of the highest and noblest character is Christ.
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() Christ is also the _standard_ of a noble character; the true ideal of manhood is found in Him: "the stature of the fulness of Christ." Take the following illustration: "In Holland we travel with Dutch money, in France with French money, in Germany with German money. The standard of the coinage varies with every state we go into. In
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Britain there is one standard of coinage; we may get some corrupted money or some light coin, but the standard of coinage is the same. The standard for the Christian is the same throughout the years and in all places: the one perpetual standard of the life of Christ." The best men are those who come the nearest to it.
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Those who come nearest to it are those who will do best in the practical conduct of life. . SUCCESS IN LIFE. We often hear the word success used. The great wish that most have in beginning life is that they may be successful. One man constantly asks another the question regarding a third, How has he succeeded? What is
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success in life? It may perhaps be defined in this way: It is to obtain the greatest amount of happiness possible to us in this world. There are two things to be borne in mind in estimating what success is: I. Lives which according to some are successful must in the highest sense be pronounced failures.--The idea of many is
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that success consists in the gaining of a livelihood, or competency, or wealth; but a man may gain these things who yet cannot be said to have succeeded. If he gets wealth at the expense of health, or if he gets it by means of trickery and dishonest practices, he can hardly be said to have succeeded. He does not
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get real happiness with it. If a man gains the whole world and loses his own soul, he cannot be said to have succeeded. True success in life is when a fair share of the world's good does not cost either physical or intellectual or moral well-being. II. Lives which according to some are failures must in the highest sense
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be pronounced successful.--The life of our blessed Lord, from one point of view, was a failure. It was passed in poverty, it closed in darkness. We see Him crowned with thorns, buffeted, spit upon; yet never was Christ so successful as when He hung upon the cross. He had finished the work given Him to do. He "saw of the
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travail of His soul and was satisfied." Milton completed his _Paradise Lost_ and a bookseller only gave him fifteen pounds for it, yet he cannot be said to have failed. Speak, History, who are life's victors? unroll thy long annals and say, Are they those whom the world calls victors, who won the success of the day, The martyrs or
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Nero? The Spartans who fell at Thermopylae's tryst Or the Persians or Xerxes? His judges or Socrates? Pilate or Christ? What may seem defeat to some may be in the truest sense success. _There are certain things which directly tend to success in life:_ The first is Industry.--There can be no success without working hard for it. There is no
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getting on without labor. We live in times of great competition, and if a man does not work, and work hard, he is soon jostled aside and falls into the rear. It is true now as in the days of Solomon that "the hand of the diligent maketh rich." (_a_) There are some who think they can dispense with hard
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work because they possess great natural talents and ability--that cleverness or genius can be a substitute for diligence. Here the old fable of the hare and the tortoise applies. They both started to run a race. The hare, trusting to her natural gift of fleetness, turned aside and took a sleep; the tortoise plodded on and won the prize. Constant
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and well-sustained labor carries one through, where cleverness apart from this fails. History tells us that the greatest genius is most diligent in the cultivation of its powers. The cleverest men have been of great industry and unflinching perseverance. No truly eminent man was ever other than an industrious man. (_b_) There are some who think that success is in
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the main a matter of what they call "luck," the product of circumstances over which they have little or no control. If circumstances are favorable they need not work; if they are unfavorable they need not work. So far from man being the creature of circumstances he should rather be termed the architect of circumstances. From the same materials one
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man builds palaces and another hovels. Bricks and mortar are mortar and bricks till the architect makes something out of them. In the same way, out of the same circumstances one man rears a stately edifice, while another, idle and incompetent, lives for ever amid ruins. Circumstances rarely conquer a strong man; he conquers them. He Breaks his birth's invidious
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bar And grasps the skirts of happy chance, And breasts the blows of circumstance, And grapples with his evil star.--TENNYSON. Against all sorts of opposing obstacles the great workers of the world fought their way to triumph. Milton wrote _Paradise Lost_ in blindness and poverty. Luther, before he could establish the Reformation, had to encounter the prestige of a thousand
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years, the united power of an imperious hierarchy and the ban of the German Empire. Linnaeus, studying botany, was so poor as to be obliged to mend his shoes with folded paper and often to beg his meals of his friends. Columbus, the discoverer of America, had to besiege and importune in turn the states of Genoa, Portugal, Venice, France,
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England, and Spain, before he could get the control of three small vessels and men. Hugh Miller, who became one of the first geological writers of his time, was apprenticed to a stonemason, and while working in the quarry, had already begun to study the stratum of red sandstone lying below one of red clay. George Stephenson, the inventor of
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the locomotive engine, was a common collier working in the mines. James Watt, the inventor of the steam-engine, was a poor sickly child not strong enough to go to school. John Calvin, who gave a theology to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, which has not yet been outgrown, was tortured with disease all his days. When were circumstances favorable to
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any great or good attempt, except as they were compelled by determination and industry to become favorable? (_c_) Even if circumstances seem in every way favorable, industry is necessary to success. Though we be born, as the saying is, "with a silver spoon in our mouth," we cannot afford to dispense with work. Unless we are hard-working, life will become
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a weariness to us. Work keeps life full and happy; it drives all diseased fancies out of the mind; it gives balance and regularity to all movements of the soul. If then we expect to succeed in life we must make up our mind to work hard. We must not let it be our notion of a fine lady or
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gentleman to do nothing. The idle life is a miserable life; it is bound to be so. God has promised many a blessing to industry; He has promised none to indolence. God himself works, and He wants His children to work. _The second thing that tends directly to success in life is a distinct Aim_.--A man may run very hard
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in a race, the perspiration may stream from his brow and every muscle be strained, but if he is not running in a right direction, if he is running away from the goal, all his activity will not help him. So, industrious habits are not sufficient, unless we have a distinct idea of what we are aiming at. The world
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is full of purposeless people, and such people come to nothing. Those who have succeeded best have chosen their line and stuck to it. One great aim, like a guiding-star above, Which tasked strength, wisdom, stateliness, to lift Their manhood to the height that takes the prize. BROWNING. (_a_) The choice of a trade or profession is of enormous importance
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in settling our aim in life. Men often fail from having adopted a calling for which they are entirely unfitted. The round man in the square hole is a pitiful spectacle. It is difficult to lay down any special rule in regard to the choice of a profession or business. Some are obliged to take whatever opportunity offers, and others
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have to begin work at too early an age to permit them to form a true idea of what they are best fitted for, and are obliged to follow the wishes of others rather than their own. This only we can say, that so far as we have a choice we should adopt the calling that is most congenial to
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us and suits our inclinations. "Grasp the handle of your being" was the direction given by a wise counsellor to one who sought advice as to what calling he should follow. Everyone has certain aptitudes, and as far as he is able should keep them in view. There is often a distinct indication at a very early period of life
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for what we are best fitted. "The tastes of the boy foreshadow the occupations of the man. Ferguson's clock carved out of wood and supplied with rudest mechanism; Faraday's tiny electric machine made from a common bottle; Claude Lorraine's pictures in flour and charcoal on the walls of the bakers' shops; Canova's modelling of small images in clay; Chantrey's carving
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of his school-master's head in a bit of pine wood,--were all indications clear and strong of the future man." (_b_) Whatever you resolve upon, keep to it. "One thing I do," is a great rule to follow. It is much better to do one thing well than many things indifferently. It may be well to have "many strings to our
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bow," but it is better to have a bow and string that will every time send the arrow to the target. A rolling stone gathers no moss. He that is everything by turns and nothing long comes to nothing in the end. If thou canst plan a noble deed And never flag till it succeed, Though in the strife thy
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heart should bleed, Whatever obstacles contend, Thine hour will come, go on, thou soul! Thou'lt win the prize, thou'lt reach the goal. CHAS. MACKAY. (_c_) The higher our purpose is, the greater our attainment is likely to be. The nobler our ideal, the nobler our success. It seems paradoxical to say it, but it is true, that no one ever
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reached a goal without starting from it; no one ever won a victory without beginning the battle with it; no one ever succeeded in any work without first finishing it in his own mind. Pitch thy behavior low, thy projects high, So shalt thou humble and magnanimous be. Sink not in spirit; who aimeth at the sky Shoots higher much
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than he who means a tree. G. HERBERT. When we go forward to life we should make up our mind what we intend to make of life. Make up your mind after prayer to God, and work for that. _The third essential to success in life is Moral Character_, in its various elements of honesty, truthfulness, steadiness, temperance. "Honesty is
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the best policy" is one of those worldly maxims that express the experience of mankind. A small leak will sink a great ship. One bad string in a harp will turn its music into discord. Any flaw in moral character will sooner or later bring disaster. The most hopeless wrecks that toss on the broken waters of society are men
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who have failed from want of moral character. There are thousands of such from whom much was expected but from whom nothing came. It is told of a distinguished professor at Cambridge that he kept photographs of his students. He divided them into two lots. One he called his basket of adled eggs: they were the portraits of men who
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had failed, who had come to nothing though they promised much. What brought most of them to grief was want of character, of moral backbone. Some of them--a good many of them--went to drink, others to love of pleasure, others to the bad in other ways. Good principle counts for more than can be expressed; it is essential. Many things
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may hinder a man from getting on--slowness, idleness, want of ability, trifling, want of interest in his vocation. Many of these faults may be borne with long by others, and may be battled with earnestly by ourselves; but a flaw in character is deadly. To be unsteady, dishonest, or untruthful is fatal. Before God and man an unfaithful servant is
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