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{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 1?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 1 (Title and extent of operation of the Code.): This Act shall be called the Indian Penal Code, and shall extend to the whole of India.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 2?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 2 (Punishment of offences committed within India.): Every person shall be liable to punishment under this Code and not otherwise for every act or omission contrary to the provisions thereof, of which he shall be guilty within India",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 3?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 3 (Punishment of offences committed beyond, but which by law may be tried within, India.): Any person liable, by any [Indian law], to be tried for an offence committed beyond [India] shall be dealt with according to the provisions of this Code for any act committed beyond [India] in the same manner as if such act had been committed within [India].",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 4?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 4 (Extension of Code to extra-territorial offences.): The provisions of this Code apply also to any offence committed by-\n(1) any citizen of India in any place without and beyond India;\n(2) any person on any ship or aircraft registered in India wherever it may be.\n(3) any person in any place without and beyond India committing offence targeting a computer resource located in India.\nExplanation. In this section-\n(a) the word \"offence\" includes every act committed outside India which, if committed in India, would be punishable under this Code;\n(b) the expression \"computer resource\" shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (k) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 5?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 5 (Certain laws not to be affected by this Act.): Nothing in this Act shall affect the provisions of any Act for punishing mutiny and desertion of officers, soldiers, sailors or airmen in the service of the Government of India or the provisions of any special or local law.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 6?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 6 (Definitions in the Code to be understood subject to exceptions.): Throughout this Code every definition of an offence, every penal provision, and every illustration of every such definition or penal provision, shall be understood subject to the exceptions contained in the Chapter entitled \"General Exceptions\", though those exceptions are not repeated in such definition, penal provision, or illustration.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 7?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 7 (Sense of expression once explained.): Every expression which is explained in any part of this Code, is used in every part of this Code in conformity with the explanation.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 8?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 8 (Gender.): The pronoun \"he\" and its derivatives are used of any person, whether male or female.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 9?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 9 (Number.): Unless the contrary appears from the context, words importing the singular number include the plural number, and words importing the plural number include the singular number.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 10?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 10 (\"Man\". \"Woman\".): The word \"man\" denotes a male human being of any age; the word \"woman\" denotes a female human being of any age.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 11?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 11 (\"Person\".): The word \"person\" includes any Company or Association or body of persons, whether incorporated or not.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 12?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 12 (\"Public\"..): The word \"public\" includes any class of the public or any community.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 13?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 13 ([Omitted.].): [Definition of \"Queen\".] Omitted by the A. O. 1950.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 14?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 14 (\"Servant of Government\".): The words \"servant of Government\" denote any officer or servant continued, appointed or employed in India by or under the authority of Government.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 15?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 15 ([Repealed.].): [Definition of \"British India\".] Rep. by the A. O. 1937.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 16?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 16 ([Repealed.].): [Definition of \"Government of India\".] Rep., ibid.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 17?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 17 (\"Government\".): The word \"Government\" denotes the Central Government or the Government of a State.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 18?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 18 (\"India\".): \"India\" means the territory of India excluding the State of Jammu and Kashmir.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 19?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 19 (\"Judge\".): The word \"Judge\" denotes not only every person who is officially designated as a Judge, but also every person who is empowered by law to give, in any legal proceeding, civil or criminal, a definitive judgment, or a judgment which, if not appealed against, would be definitive, or a judgment which, if confirmed by some other authority, would be definitive, or who is one of a body or persons, which body of persons is empowered by law to give such a judgment.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 20?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 20 (\"Court of Justice\".): The words \"Court of Justice\" denote a Judge who is empowered by law to act judicially alone, or a body of Judges which is empowered by law to act judicially as a body, when such Judge or body of Judges is acting judicially.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 21?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 21 (\"Public servant\".): The words \"public servant\" denote a person falling under any of the descriptions hereinafter following, namely:-\nSecond. Every Commissioned Officer in the Military, Naval or Air Forces of India;\nThird. Every Judge including any person empowered by law to discharge, whether by himself or as a member of any body of persons, any adjudicatory functions;\nFourth. Every officer of a Court of Justice (including a liquidator, receiver or commissioner) whose duty it is, as such officer, to investigate or report on any matter of law or fact, or to make, authenticate, or keep any document, or to take charge or dispose of any property, or to execute any judicial process, or to administer any oath, or to interpret, or to preserve order in the Court, and every person specially authorised by a Court of Justice to perform any of such duties;\nFifth. Every juryman, assessor, or member of a panchayat assisting a Court of Justice or public servant;\nSixth. Every arbitrator or other person to whom any cause or matter has been referred for decision or report by any Court of Justice, or by any other competent public authority;\nSeventh. Every person who holds any office by virtue of which he is empowered to place or keep any person in confinement;\nEighth. Every officer of [the Government] whose duty it is, as such officer, to prevent offences, to give information of offences, to bring offenders to justice, or to protect the public health, safety or convenience;\nNinth. Every officer whose duty it is as such officer, to take, receive, keep or expend any property on behalf of [the Government], or to make any survey, assessment or contract on behalf of '[the Government], or to execute any revenue-process, or to investigate, or to report, on any matter affecting the pecuniary interests of [the Government], or to make, authenticate or keep any document relating to the pecuniary interests of [the Government] 2***;\nTenth. Every officer whose duty it is, as such officer, to take, receive, keep or expend any property, to make any survey or assessment or to levy any rate or tax for any secular common purpose of any village, town or district, or to make, authenticate or keep any document for the ascertaining of the rights of the people of any village, town or district;\n[Eleventh. Every person who holds any office in virtue of which he is empowered to prepare, publish, maintain or revise an electoral roll or to conduct an election or part of an election;]\n[Twelfth. Every person-\n(a) in the service or pay of the Government or remunerated by fees or commission for the performance of any public duty by the Government;\n(b) in the service or pay of a local authority, a corporation established by or under a Central, Provincial or State Act or a Government company as defined in section 617 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956).]\nExplanation 1.-Persons falling under any of the above descriptions are public servants, whether appointed by the Government or not.\nExplanation 2.-Wherever the words \"public servant\" occur, they shall be understood of every person who is in actual possession of the situation of a public servant, whatever legal defect there may be in his right to hold that situation.\n[Explanation 3. The word \"election\" denotes an election for the purpose of selecting members of any legislative, municipal or other public authority, of whatever character, the method of selection to which is by, or under, any law prescribed as by election.]",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 22?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 22 (\"Movable property\".): The words \"movable property\" are intended to include corporeal property of every description, except land and things attached to the earth or permanently fastened to anything which is attached to the earth.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 23?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 23 (\"Wrongful gain\".): \"Wrongful gain\" is gain by unlawful means of property to which the person gaining is not legally entitled.\n\"Wrongful loss\". \"Wrongful loss\" is the loss by unlawful means of property to which the person losing it is legally entitled.\nGaining wrongfully/Losing wrongfully. A person is said to gain wrongfully when such person retains wrongfully, as well as when such person acquires wrongfully. A person is said to lose wrongfully when such person is wrongfully kept out of any property, as well as when such person is wrongfully deprived of property.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 24?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 24 (\"Dishonestly\".): Who does anything with the intention of causing wrongful gain to one person or wrongful loss to another person, is said to do that thing \"dishonestly\".",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 25?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 25 (\"Fraudulently\".): A person is said to do a thing fraudulently if he does that thing with intent to defraud but not otherwise.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 26?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 26 (\"Reason to believe\".): A person is said to have \"reason to believe\" a thing if he has sufficient cause to believe that thing but not otherwise.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 27?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 27 (Property in possession of wife, clerk or servant\".): When property is in the possession of a person's wife, clerk or servant, on account of that person, it is in that person's possession within the meaning of this Code.\nExplanation. A person employed temporarily or on a particular occasion in the capacity of a clerk, or servant, is a clerk or servant within the meaning of this section.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 28?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 28 (\"Counterfeit\".): A person is said to \"counterfeit\" who causes one thing to resemble another thing, intending by means of that resemblance to practise deception, or knowing it to be likely that deception will thereby be practised.\n[Explanation 1. It is not essential to counterfeiting that the imitation should be exact.\nExplanation 2.-When a person causes one thing to resemble another thing, and the resemblance is such that a person might be deceived thereby, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that the person so causing the one thing to resemble the other thing intended by means of that resemblance to practise deception or knew it to be likely that deception would thereby be practised.]",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 29?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 29 (\"Document\".): The word \"document\" denotes any matter expressed or described upon any substance by means of letters, figures or marks, or by more than one of those means, intended to be used, or which may be used, as evidence of that matter.\nExplanation 1. It is immaterial by what means or upon what substance the letters, figures or marks are formed, or whether the evidence is intended for, or may be used in, a Court of Justice, or not.\nIllustrations\nA writing expressing the terms of a contract, which may be used as evidence of the contract, is a document.\nA cheque upon a banker is a document.\nA power-of-attorney is a document.\nA map or plan which is intended to be used or which may be used as evidence, is a document.\nA writing containing directions or instructions is a document.\nExplanation 2.-Whatever is expressed by means of letters, figures or marks as explained by mercantile or other usage, shall be deemed to be expressed by such letters, figures or marks within the meaning of this section, although the same may not be actually expressed.\nIllustration\nA writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange payable to his order. The meaning of the endorsement, as explained by mercantile usage, is that the bill is to be paid to the holder. The endorsement is a document, and must be construed in the same manner as if the words \"pay to the holder\" or words to that effect had been written over the signature.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 29A?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 29A (\"Electronic record\".): The words \"electronic record\" shall have the meaning assigned to them in clause (t) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 30?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 30 (\"Valuable security\".): The words \"valuable security\" denote a document which is, or purports to be, a document whereby any legal right is created, extended, transferred, restricted, extinguished or released, or whereby any person acknowledges that he lies under legal liability, or has not a certain legal right.\nIllustration\nA writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange. As the effect of this endorsement is to transfer the right to the bill to any person who may become the unlawful holder of it, the endorsement is a \"valuable security\".",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 31?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 31 (\"A will\".): The words \"a will\" denote any testamentary document.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 32?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 32 (Words referring to acts include illegal omissions.): In every part of this Code, except where a contrary intention appears from the context, words which refer to acts done extend also to illegal omissions.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 33?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 33 (\"Act\". \"Omission\".): The word \"act\" denotes as well as series of acts as a single act: the word \"omission\" denotes as well a series of omissions as a single omission.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 34?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 34 (Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention.): When a criminal act is done by several persons in furtherance of the common intention of all, each of such persons is liable for that act in the same manner as if it were done by him alone.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 35?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 35 (When such an act is criminal by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention.): Whenever an act, which is criminal only by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention, is done by several persons, each of such persons who joins in the act with such knowledge or intention is liable for the act in the same manner as if the act were done by him alone with that knowledge or intention.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 36?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 36 (Effect caused partly by act and partly by omission.): Wherever the causing of a certain effect, or an attempt to cause that effect, by an act or by an omission, is an offence, it is to be understood that the causing of that effect partly by an act and partly by an omission is the same offence.\nIllustration\nA intentionally causes Z's death, partly by illegally omitting to give Z food, and party by beating Z. A has committed murder.",
"role": "assistant"
}
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[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 37?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 37 (Co-operation by doing one of several acts constituting an offence.): When an offence is committed by means of several acts, whoever intentionally co-operates in the commission of that offence by doing any one of those acts, either singly or jointly with any other person, commits that offence.\nIllustrations\n(a) A and B agree to murder Z by severally and at different times giving him small doses of poison. A and B administer the poison according to the agreement with intent to murder Z. Z dies from the effects the several doses of poison so administered to him. Here A and B intentionally co-operate in the commission of murder and as each of them does an act by which the death is caused, they are both guilty of the offence though their acts are separate.\n(b) A and B are joint jailors, and as such have the charge of Z, a prisoner, alternatively for six hours at a time. A and B, intending to cause Z's death, knowingly co-operate in causing that effect by illegally omitting, each during the time of his attendance, to furnish Z with food supplied to them for that purpose. Z dies of hunger. Both A and B, are guilty of the murder of Z.\n(c) A, a jailor, has the charge of Z. a prisoner. A, intending to cause Z's death, illegally omits to supply Z with food; in consequence of which Z is much reduced in strength, but the starvation is not sufficient to cause his death. A is dismissed from his office, and B succeeds him. B, without collusion or co-operation with A, illegally omits to supply Z with food, knowing that he is likely thereby to cause Z's death. Z dies of hunger. B is guilty of murder, but, as A did not co-operate with B. A is guilty only of an attempt to commit murder.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 38?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 38 (Persons concerned in criminal act may be guilty of different offences.): Where several persons are engaged or concerned in the commission of a criminal act, they may be guilty of different offences by means of that act.\nIllustration\nA attacks Z under such circumstances of grave provocation that his killing of Z would be only culpable homicide not amounting to murder. B, having ill-will towards Z and intending to kill him, and not having been subject to the provocation, assists A in killing Z. Here, though A and B are both engaged in causing Z's death, B is guilty of murder, and A is guilty only of culpable homicide.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 39?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 39 (\"Voluntarily\".): A person is said to cause an effect \"voluntarily\" when he causes it by means whereby he intended to cause it, or by means which, at the time of employing those means, he knew or had reason to believe to be likely to cause it.\nIllustration\nA sets fire, by night, to an inhabited house in a large town, for the purpose of facilitating a robbery and thus causes the death of a person. Here, A may not have intended to cause death, and may even be sorry that death has been caused by his act; yet, if he knew that he was likely to cause death, he has caused death voluntarily.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 40?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 40 (\"Offence\".): -Except in the [Chapters] and sections mentioned in clauses 2 and 3 of this section, the word \"offence\" denotes a thing made punishable by this Code.\nIn Chapter IV, [Chapter VA] and in the following sections, namely, sections [64, 65, 66, [67], 71], 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119 and 120] 187, 194, 195, 203, 211, 213, 214, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 347, 348, 388, 389 and 445, the word \"offence\" denotes a thing punishable under this Code, or under any special or local law as hereinafter defined.\nAnd in sections 141, 176, 177, 201, 202, 212, 216 and 441, the word \"offence\" has the same meaning when the thing punishable under the special or local law is punishable under such law with imprisonment for a term of six months or upwards, whether with or without fine.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 41?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 41 (\"Special law\".): -A \"special law\" is a law applicable to a particular subject.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 42?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 42 (\"Local law\"): -A \"local law\" is a law applicable only to a particular part of 7[**** [India]].",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 43?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 43 (\"Illegal\".\n\"Legally bound to do\".): The word \"illegal\" is applicable to everything which is an offence or which is prohibited by law, or which furnishes ground for a civil action; and a person is said to be \"legally bound to do\" whatever it is illegal in him to omit.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 44?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 44 (\"Injury\".): The word \"injury\" denotes any harm whatever illegally caused to any person, in body, mind, reputation or property.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 45?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 45 (\"Life\".): The word \"life\" denotes the life of a human being, unless the contrary appears from the context.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 46?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 46 (\"Death\".): The word \"death\" denotes the death of a human being unless the contrary appears from the context.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 47?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 47 (\"Animal\".): The word \"animal\" denotes any living creature, other than a human being.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 48?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 48 (\"Vessel\".): The word \"vessel\" denotes anything made for the conveyance by water of human beings or of property.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 49?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 49 (\"Year\". \"Month\".): - Wherever the word \"year\" or the word \"month\" is used, it is to be understood that the year or the month is to be reckoned according to the British calendar.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 50?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 50 (\"Section\".): The word \"section\" denotes one of those portions of a Chapter of this Code which are distinguished by prefixed numeral figures.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 51?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 51 (\"Oath\".): The word \"oath\" includes a solemn affirmation substituted by law for an oath, and any declaration required or authorised by law to be made before a public servant or to be used for the purpose of proof, whether in a Court of Justice or not.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 52?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 52 (\"Good faith\".): Nothing is said to be done or believed in \"good faith\" which is done or believed without due care and attention.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 52A?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 52A (\"Harbour\".): Except in section 157, and in section 130 in the case in which the harbour is given by the wife or husband of the person harboured, the word \"harbour\" includes the supplying a person with shelter, food, drink, money, clothes, arms, ammunition or means of conveyance, or the assisting a person by any means, whether of the same kind as those enumerated in this section or not, to evade apprehension.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 53?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 53 (Punishments.): The punishments to which offenders are liable under the provisions of this Code are-\nFirst, Death;\n[Secondly. Imprisonment for life;]\nFourthly. Imprisonment, which is of two descriptions, namely:-\n(1) Rigorous, that is, with hard labour;\n(2) Simple;\nFifthly. Forfeiture of property;\nSixthly. Fine.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 53A?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 53A (Construction of reference to transportation.): (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (2) and sub-section (3), any reference to \"transportation for life\" in any other law for the time being in force or in any instrument or order having effect by virtue of any such law or of any enactment repealed shall be construed as a reference to \"imprisonment for life\".\n(2) In every case in which a sentence of transportation for a term has been passed before the commencement of the Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Act, [1955] (26 of 1955), the offender shall be dealt with in the same manner as if sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for the same term.\n(3) Any reference to transportation for a term or to transportation for any shorter term (by whatever name called) in any other law for the time being in force shall be deemed to have been omitted.\n(4) Any reference to \"transportation\" in any other law for the time being in force shall,-\n(a) if the expression means transportation for life, be construed as a reference to imprisonment for life;\n(b) if the expression means transportation for any shorter term, be deemed to have been omitted.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 54?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 54 (Commutation of sentence of death.): In every case in which sentence of death shall have been passed, [the appropriate Government] may, without the consent of the offender, commute the punishment for any other punishment provided by this Code.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 55?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 55 (Commutation of sentence of imprisonment for life.): In every case in which sentence of [imprisonment] for life shall have been passed, [the appropriate Government] may, without the consent of the offender, commute the punishment for imprisonment of either description for a term not exceeding fourteen years.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 55A?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 55A (Definition of \"appropriate Government\".): In sections fifty-four and fifty-five the expression \"appropriate Government\" means,-\n(a) in cases where the sentence is a sentence of death or is for an offence against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the Union extends, the Central Government; and\n(b) in cases where the sentence (whether of death or not) is for an offence against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the State extends, the Government of the State within which the offender is sentenced.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 56?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 56 ([Repealed.].): [Sentence of Europeans and Americans to penal servitude. Proviso as to sentence for term exceeding ten years but not for life.] Rep. by the Criminal Law (Removal of Racial Discriminations) Act, 1949 (17 of 1949) (w. e. f. 6-4-1949).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 57?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 57 (Fractions of terms of punishment.): In calculating fractions of terms of punishment, [imprisonment] for life shall be reckoned as equivalent to [imprisonment] for twenty years.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 58?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 58 ([Repealed.].): [Offenders sentenced to transportation how dealt with until transported.] Rep. by the Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Act, 1955 (26 of 1955), s. 117 and the Sch. (w.e.f. 1-1-1956).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 59?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 59 ([Repealed.].): [Transportation instead of imprisonment.] Rep. by s.117 and the Sch., ibid. (w.e.f. 1-1-1956).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 60?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 60 (Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple.): In every case in which an offender is punishable with imprisonment which may be of either description, it shall be competent to the Court which sentences such offender to direct in the sentence that such imprisonment shall be wholly rigorous, or that such imprisonment shall be wholly simple, or that any part of such imprisonment shall be rigorous and the rest simple.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 61?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 61 ([Repealed.].): [Sentence of forfeiture of property.] Rep. by the Indian Penal Code (Amendment) Act, 1921 (16 of 1921), s. 4.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 62?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 62 ([Repealed.].): [Forfeiture of property, in respect of offenders punishable with death, transportation or imprisonment.] Rep. by s. 4, ibid.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 63?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 63 (Amount of fine.): Where no sum is expressed to which a fine may extend, the amount of fine to which the offender is liable is unlimited, but shall not be excessive.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 64?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 64 (Sentence of imprisonment for non-payment of fine.): [In every case of an offence punishable with imprisonment as well as fine, in which the offender is sentenced to a fine, whether with or without imprisonment, and in every case of an offence punishable [with imprisonment or fine, or] with fine only, in which the offender is sentenced to a fine.]\nit shall be competent to the Court which sentences such offender to direct by the sentence that, in default of payment of the fine, the offender shall suffer imprisonment for a certain term, which imprisonment shall be in excess of any other imprisonment to which he may have been sentenced or to which he may be liable under a commutation of a sentence.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 65?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 65 (Limit to imprisonment for non-payment of fine, when imprisonment and fine awardable.): The term for which the Court directs the offender to be imprisoned in default of payment of a fine shall not exceed one-fourth of the term of imprisonment which is the maximum fixed for the offence, if the offence be punishable with imprisonment as well as fine.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 66?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 66 (Description of imprisonment for non-payment of fine.): The imprisonment which the Court imposes in default of payment of a fine may be of any description to which the offender might have been sentenced for the offence.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 67?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 67 (Imprisonment for non-payment of fine, when offence punishable with fine only.): If the offence be punishable with fine only. [the imprisonment which the Court imposes in default of payment of the fine shall be simple, and] the term for which the Court directs the offender to be imprisoned, in default of payment of fine, shall not exceed the following scale, that is to say, for any term not exceeding two months when the amount of the fine shall not exceed fifty rupees, and for any term not exceeding four months when the amount shall not exceed one hundred rupees, and for any term not exceeding six months in any other case.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 68?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 68 (Imprisonment to terminate on payment of fine.): The imprisonment which is imposed in default of payment of a fine shall terminate whenever that fine is either paid or levied by process of law.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 69?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 69 (Termination of imprisonment on payment of proportional part of fine.): If, before the expiration of the term of imprisonment fixed in default of payment, such a proportion of the fine be paid or levied that the term of imprisonment suffered in default of payment is not less than proportional to the part of the fine still unpaid, the imprisonment shall terminate.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 70?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 70 (Fine leviable within six years, or during imprisonment. Death not to discharge property from liability.): The fine, or any part thereof which remains unpaid, may be levied at any time within six years after the passing of the sentence, and if, under the sentence, the offender be liable to imprisonment for a longer period than six years, then at any time previous to the expiration of that period; and the death of the offender does not discharge from the liability any property which would, after his death, be legally liable for his debts.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 71?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 71 (Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences.): Where anything which is an offence is made up of parts, any of which parts is itself an offence, the offender shall not be punished with the punishment of more than one of such his offences, unless it be so expressly provided. [Where anything is an offence falling within two or more separate definitions of any law in force for the time being by which offences are defined or punished, or where several acts, of which one or more than one would by itself or themselves constitute an offence, constitute, when combined, a different offence, the offender shall not be punished with a more severe punishment than the Court which tries him could award for any one of such offences].",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 72?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 72 (Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, the judgment stating that it is doubtful of which.): In all cases in which judgment is given that a person is guilty of one of several offences specified in the judgment, but that it is doubtful of which of these offences he is guilty, the offender shall be punished for the offence for which the lowest punishment is provided if the same punishment is not provided for all.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 73?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 73 (Solitary confinement.): Whenever any person is convicted of an offence for which under this Code the Court has power to sentence him to rigorous imprisonment, the Court may, by its sentence, order that the offender shall be kept in solitary confinement for any portion or portions of the imprisonment to which he is sentenced, not exceeding three months in the whole, according to the following scale, that is to say- a time not exceeding one month if the term of imprisonment shall not exceed six months; a time not exceeding two months if the term of imprisonment shall exceed six months and [shall not exceed one] year; a time not exceeding three months if the term of imprisonment shall exceed one year.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 74?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 74 (Limit of solitary confinement.): In executing a sentence of solitary confinement, such confinement shall in no case exceed fourteen days at a time, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement of not less duration than such periods, and when the imprisonment awarded shall exceed three months, the solitary confinement shall not exceed seven days in any one month of the whole imprisonment awarded, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement of not less duration than such periods.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 75?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 75 (Enhanced punishment for certain offences under Chapter XII or Chapter XVII after previous conviction.): Whoever, having been convicted,- (a) by a Court in [India], of an offence punishable under Chapter XII or Chapter XVII of this Code with imprisonment of either description for a term of three years or upwards, 4*** 5* * * * * shall be guilty of any offence punishable under either of those Chapters with like imprisonment for the like term, shall be subject for every such subsequent offence to [imprisonment for life], or to imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years.]",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 76?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 76 (Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law.): Nothing is an offence which [cite: 1307] is done by a person who is, or who by reason of a mistake of fact and not by reason of a mistake of law in good faith believes himself to be, bound by law to do it.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 77?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 77 (Act of Judge when acting judicially.): Nothing is an offence which is done by a Judge when acting judicially in the exercise of any power which is, or which in good faith he believes to be, given to him by law.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 78?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 78 (Act done pursuant to the judgment or order of Court.): Nothing which is done in pursuance of, or which is warranted by the judgment or order of, a Court of Justice, if done whilst such judgment or order remains in force, is an offence, notwithstanding the Court may have had no jurisdiction to pass such judgment or order, provided the person doing the act in good faith believes that the Court had such jurisdiction.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 79?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 79 (Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law.): Nothing is an offence which is done by any person who is justified by law, or who by reason of a mistake of fact and not by reason of a mistake of law in good faith, believes himself to be justified by law, in doing it.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 80?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 80 (Accident in doing a lawful act.): Nothing is an offence which is done by accident or misfortune, and without any criminal intention or knowledge in the doing of a lawful act in a lawful manner by lawful means and with proper care and caution.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 81?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 81 (Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm.): Nothing is an offence merely by reason of its being done with the knowledge that it is likely to cause harm, if it be done without any criminal intention to cause harm, and in good faith for the purpose of preventing or avoiding other harm to person or property. Explanation. It is a question of fact in such a case whether the harm to be prevented or avoided was of such a nature and so imminent as to justify or excuse the risk of doing the act with the knowledge that it was likely to cause harm.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 82?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 82 (Act of a child under seven years of age.): Nothing is an offence which is done by a child under seven years of age.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 83?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 83 (Act of a child above seven and under twelve of immature understanding.): Nothing is an offence which is done by a child above seven years of age and under twelve, who has not attained sufficient maturity of understanding to judge of the nature and consequences of his conduct on that occasion.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 84?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 84 (Act of a person of unsound mind.): Nothing is an offence which is done by a person who, at the time of doing it, by reason of unsoundness of mind, is incapable of knowing the nature of the act, or that he is doing what is either wrong or contrary to law.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 85?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 85 (Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will.): Nothing is an offence which is done by a person who, at the time of doing it, is, by reason of intoxication, incapable of knowing the nature of the act, or that he is doing what is either wrong, or contrary to law; provided that the thing which intoxicated him was administered to him without his knowledge or against his will.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 86?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 86 (Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated.): In cases where an act done is not an offence unless done with a particular knowledge or intent, a person who does the act in a state of intoxication shall be liable to be dealt with as if he had the same knowledge as he would have had if he had not been intoxicated, unless the thing which intoxicated him was administered to him without his knowledge or against his will.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 87?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 87 (Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent.): Nothing which is not intended to cause death, or grievous hurt, and which is not known by the doer to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, is an offence by reason of any harm which it may cause, or be intended by the doer to cause, to any person, above eighteen years of age, who has given consent, whether express or implied, to suffer that harm; or by reason of any harm which it may be known by the doer to be likely to cause to any such person who has consented to take the risk of that harm.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 88?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 88 (Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit.): Nothing, which is not intented to cause death, is an offence by reason of any harm which it may cause, or be intended by the doer to cause, or be known by the doer to be likely to cause, to any person for whose benefit it is done in good faith, and who has given a consent, whether express or implied, to suffer that harm, or to take the risk of that harm.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 89?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 89 (Act done in good faith for benefit of child or insane person, by or by consent of guardian. Provisos.): Nothing which is done in good faith for the benefit of a person under twelve years of age, or of unsound mind, by or by consent, either express or implied, of the guardian or other person having lawful charge of that person, is an offence by reason of any harm which it may cause, or be intended by the doer to cause or be known by the doer to be likely to cause to that person: Provided- First. That this exception shall not extend to the intentional causing of death, or to the attempting to cause death; Secondly. That this exception shall not extend to the doing of anything which the person doing it knows to be likely to cause death, for any purpose other than the preventing of death or grievous hurt, or the curing of any grievous disease or infirmity; Thirdly. That this exception shall not extend to the voluntary causing of grievous hurt, or to the attempting to cause grievous hurt, unless it be for the purpose of preventing death or grievous hurt; or the curing of any grievous disease or infirmity; Fourthly. That this exception shall not extend to the abetment of any offence, to the committing of which offence it would not extend.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 90?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 90 (Consent known to be given under fear or misconception. Consent of insane person. Consent of child.): A consent is not such a consent as is intended by any section of this Code, if the consent is given by a person under fear of injury, or under a misconception of fact, and if the person doing the act knows, or has reason to believe, that the consent was given in consequence of such fear or misconception; or if the consent is given by a person who, from unsoundness of mind, or intoxication, is unable to understand the nature and consequence of that to which he gives his consent; or unless the contrary appears from the context, if the consent is given by a person who is under twelve years of age.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 91?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 91 (Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused.): The exceptions in sections 87, 88 and 89 do not extend to acts which are offences independently of any harm which they may cause, or be intended to cause, or be known to be likely to cause, to the person giving the consent, or on whose behalf the consent is given.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 92?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 92 (Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent. Provisos.): Nothing is an offence by reason of any harm which it may cause to a person for whose benefit it is done in good faith, even without that person's consent, if the circumstances are such that it is impossible for that person to signify consent, or if that person is incapable of giving consent, and has no guardian or other person in lawful charge of him from whom it is possible to obtain consent in time for the thing to be done with benefit: Provided- First. That this exception shall not extend to the intentional causing of death, or the attempting to cause death; Secondly. That this exception shall not extend to the doing of anything which the person doing it knows to be likely to cause death, for any purpose other than the preventing of death or grievous hurt, or the curing of any grievous disease or infirmity; Thirdly. That this exception shall not extend to the voluntary causing of hurt, or to the attempting to cause hurt, for any purpose other than the preventing of death or hurt; Fourthly. That this exception shall not extend to the abetment of any offence, to the committing of which offence it would not extend.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 93?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 93 (Communication made in good faith.): No communication made in good faith is an offence by reason of any harm to the person to whom it is made, if it is made for the benefit of that person.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 94?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 94 (Act to which a person is compelled by threats.): Except murder, and offences against the State punishable with death, nothing is an offence which is done by a person who is compelled to do it by threats, which, at the time of doing it, reasonably cause the apprehension that instant death to that person will otherwise be the consequence: Provided the person doing the act did not of his own accord, or from a reasonable apprehension of harm to himself short of instant death, place himself in the situation by which he became subject to such constraint. Explanation 1. A person who, of his own accord, or by reason of a threat of being beaten, joins a gang of dacoits, knowing their character, is not entitled to the benefit of this exception, on the ground of his having been compelled by his associates to do anything that is an offence by law. Explanation 2.-A person seized by a gang of dacoits, and forced, by threat of instant death, to do a thing which is an offence by law; for example, a smith compelled to take his tools and to force the door of a house for the dacoits to enter and plunder it, is entitled to the benefit of this exception.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 95?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 95 (Act causing slight harm.): Nothing is an offence by reason that it causes, or that it is intended to cause, or that it is known to be likely to cause, any harm, if that harm is so slight that no person of ordinary sense and temper would complain of such harm.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "You are an expert legal assistant providing accurate answers based on the Indian Penal Code (IPC).",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is IPC 96?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IPC 96 (Things done in private defence.): Nothing is an offence which is done in the exercise of the right of private defence.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
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