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feels\ttired\twith\tless\tenergy.\tA\tnutritious\tdietary\tintake\thelps\ther\tcope\twith\tthe\teveryday\tdemands\tof\ncaring\tfor\ta\tnew\tinfant.\nMilk\n\tcomposition\tvaries\taccording\tto\tthe\tmother’s\tdiet.\tFor\texample,\tthe\tfatty\tacid\tcomposition\tof\na\tmother’s\tmilk\treflects\ther\tdietary\tintake.\tIn\... | [
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some\tof\tthe\tB\tvitamins\treflect\tthe\tmaternal\tdiet.\tBreastmilk\tof\t\nextremely\tmalnourished\n\tmothers\thas\nbeen\tshown\tto\thave\tlower\tlevels\tof\tvarious\tnutrients,\treflecting\tthe\tfoods\tshe\thas\tavailable\tto\teat.\nOne\tmust\tremember\tthat\tmilk\tcomposition\tvaries\twidely\tin\tthe\tconcentration... | [
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within\tand\tbetween\tindividual\tmothers.\tSeveral\tfactors,\tincluding\tlength\tof\tpregnancy,\tmother’s\ndiet,\tstage\tof\tlactation,\tduration\tof\tfeeding,\tand\tthe\ttime\tof\tday\tthe\tfeeding\ttakes\tplace,\tcan\taffect\nthe\tcomposition\tof\thuman\tmilk.\tProtein\tlevels\ttend\tto\tfall\tin\tthe\tearly\tpostpa... | [
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the\tfat\n\tcomponent\tof\tthe\tmilk\tinitially\tmay\tdecrease\tand\teventually\tincrease\tin\tconcentration\tover\ntime.\tDuring\tan\tindividual\tfeeding,\tfat\tcontent\ttypically\tincreases\tsignificantly\tand\tcan\tresult\tin\ta\nmuch\thigher\tcaloric\tcontent\tin\tthe\tmilk\ttoward\tthe\tend\tof\tthe\tfeeding\t(\nK... | [
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Khan\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tFat\tcontent\nalso\tmay\tbe\thigher\twhen\tthe\tinterval\tbetween\tbreastfeedings\tis\tcloser\ttogether.\tWhen\tthe\tinfant\n“cluster\n\tfeeds,”\tthe\tmilk\tavailable\tin\tthe\tbreast\tis\thigher\tin\tfat\tcontent.\tWhen\tmore\ttime\tis\tallowed\nbetween\tfeedings,\tthe\tbreasts\tfill\twith\tmi... | [
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may\tnot\tbe\table\tto\tconsume\tall\tthe\tmilk\tavailable\tand\tends\tup\ttaking\tmainly\tlow-fat\tmilk.\nEnergy\nMilk\tproduction\tis\t80%\tefficient:\tproduction\tof\t100\tmL\tof\tmilk\t(approximately\t75\tkcal)\trequires\tan\n85-kcal\texpenditure\t(\nLawrence\tand\tLawrence,\t2016\n).\tDuring\tthe\tfirst\t6\tmonths... | [
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).\tDuring\tthe\tfirst\t6\tmonths\tof\tlactation,\taverage\nmilk\tproduction\tis\t750\tmL/day\t(about\t24\toz),\twith\ta\trange\tof\t550\tto\tmore\tthan\t1200\tmL/day.\tBecause\nproduction\tis\ta\tfunction\tof\tthe\tfrequency,\tduration,\tand\tintensity\tof\tinfant\tsuckling,\tinfants\twho\tfeed\nwell\tare\tlikely\tto\... | [
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The\tDRI\tfor\tenergy\tduring\n\tlactation\tis\t330\tkcal\tgreater\tduring\tthe\tfirst\t6\tmonths\tof\tlactation\tand\n400\tkcal\tgreater\tduring\tthe\tsecond\t6\tmonths\tof\tlactation\tover\tthat\tfor\ta\tnonpregnant\twoman.\nHowever,\tconsidering\tmilk\tproduction\tusually\tdrops\tto\tan\taverage\tof\t600\tmL/day\t(a... | [
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oz/day)\tafter\tother\tfoods\tare\tintroduced\tinto\tthe\tinfant’s\tdiet,\tingested\tcalorie\tlevels\tmay\thave\tto\tbe\nadjusted\tfor\tthe\tindividual\twoman\n\twho\twishes\tto\tavoid\tweight\tgain.\tA\tmother\tis\table\tto\tdraw\napproximately\t100\tto\t150\tkcal/day\tfrom\tpregnancy\tfat\tstores.\nHealthy\tbreastfee... | [
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milk\tto\tmaintain\ttheir\tinfants’\tgrowth.\tThe\tcombination\tof\tdiet\tand\texercise\ttogether,\tor\tdiet\talone\ncan\thelp\twomen\tto\tlose\tweight\tafter\tchildbirth\t(\nAmorim\tAdegboye\tand\tLinne,\t2013\n).\tIn\n\ta\tstudy\tof\t68\nadolescent\tmothers\tand\t64\tadult\tmothers,\tpostpartum\tweight\tloss\tin\tbot... | [
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greater\tin\tthose\twho\twere\texclusively\tbreastfeeding\t(EBF)\tcompared\twith\tthose\twho\tdid\tnot\tEBF.\nMoreover,\tthe\tinfants\tof\tthe\tmothers\tcontinued\tto\tgrow\taccording\tto\tthe\t2006\tWHO\tgrowth\nstandards\tdespite\ttheir\tmothers’\tweight\tloss\t(\nSámano\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tHowever,\tmilk\tproduction... | [
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Sámano\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tHowever,\tmilk\tproduction\thas\nbeen\tshown\n\tto\tdecrease\tin\tmothers\twhose\tintakes\tare\tsuboptimal\t(less\tthan\t1500\tto\t1800 | [
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calories/day)\t(\nWest\tand\tMarasco,\t2009\n).\tMothers\tare\tadvised\tto\twait\tuntil\tbreastfeeding\tis\twell\nestablished\t(approximately\t2\tmonths)\tbefore\tconsciously\ttrying\tto\tlose\tweight\tso\tthat\tan\tadequate\nmilk\tsupply\tcan\tbe\testablished.\tAppropriate\tfluid\tintake\t(such\tas\tdrinking\tfor\tthi... | [
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rest\talso\tare\trecommended.\n\tA\tslow\tweight\tloss\tof\tno\tmore\tthan\tabout\t5\tpounds\tper\tmonth\tsupports\nmore\tpermanent\tweight\tloss\tas\twell\tas\tallows\tfor\tadequate\tenergy\tand\tnutrition\tfor\tnew\nmotherhood.\nProtein\nThe\tDRI\tsuggests\tan\tadditional\t25\tg\tof\tprotein\ta\tday\tfor\tlactation,\... | [
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an\tRDA\tof\t1.1\tgm/kg/day\tof\ta\twoman’s\tbody\tweight.\tClinical\tjudgment\tis\tnecessary\twith\tprotein\nrecommendations\tbecause\n\t71\tg/day\tmay\tbe\ttoo\tlow\tfor\ta\twoman\twith\ta\tlarger\tbody\tsize\tand\ttoo\thigh\nfor\tthe\twoman\twith\ta\tsmaller\tbody.\tWomen\twith\tsurgical\tdelivery\tand\twomen\twho\t... | [
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with\tpoor\tnutritional\tstatus\tmay\tneed\tadditional\tprotein.\tThe\taverage\tprotein\trequirement\tfor\nlactation\tis\testimated\tfrom\tmilk\tcomposition\tdata\tand\tthe\tmean\tdaily\tvolume\tof\t750\tmL,\tassuming\n70%\tefficiency\tin\tthe\tconversion\tof\tdietary\n\tprotein\tto\tmilk\tprotein. | [
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70%\tefficiency\tin\tthe\tconversion\tof\tdietary\n\tprotein\tto\tmilk\tprotein.\nBreastmilk\thas\ta\twhey:casein\tratio\tof\t90:10\tearly\tin\tlactation,\twhich\tchanges\tto\t80:20\tas\tan\naverage,\tand\tto\t60:40\tas\tthe\tbaby\tgets\tolder.\tIt\tis\tspeculated\tthat\tthis\tratio\tmakes\tbreastmilk\tmore | [
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digestible.\tIn\tcontrast,\tthe\twhey:casein\tratio\tof\tcow’s\tmilk\tprotein\tis\t18:82.\tCow’s\tmilk–based\tinfant\nformula\tvaries\tamong\tcommercial\tmanufacturers,\tranging\tfrom\t18:82\twhey:casein,\n\tto\t52:48\nwhey:casein,\tand\teven\tup\tto\t100%\twhey\t(see\t\nChapter\t15\n).\nCarbohydrates | [
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Chapter\t15\n).\nCarbohydrates\nThe\tRDA\tfor\tcarbohydrate\tis\tdesigned\tto\tprovide\tenough\tcalories\tin\tthe\tdiet\tfor\tadequate\tvolumes\tof\nmilk\tand\tto\tmaintain\tan\tadequate\tenergy\tlevel\tduring\tlactation.\tThis\tmay\thave\tto\tbe\tadjusted\ndepending\ton\tactivity\tof\tthe\tmother\tand\tthe\tamount\tof... | [
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gestational\tweight\tgain\tmay\trequire\n\tmore\tcarbohydrates.\tWomen\twho\thad\tgestational\tdiabetes\nduring\tpregnancy\tshould\tcontinue\ton\tthe\tMNT\tdiet\tthey\twere\ton\tduring\tpregnancy\tfor\toptimal\nmanagement\tof\tblood\tsugar\tif\trecommended\tto\tdo\tso\tby\ttheir\tmedical\tprovider.\tA\tmodified | [
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carbohydrate\tdiet\tis\toften\timplemented\tto\tmeet\tthe\tdietary\tneeds\tin\tthis\tcondition.\nThe\tprincipal\tcarbohydrate\tin\thuman\tmilk\tis\tlactose;\thowever,\tthere\tis\tno\tevidence\n\tthat\tmaternal\nintake\tof\tcarbohydrates\taffects\tthe\tlevel\tof\tlactose\tin\ther\tmilk.\nLipids | [
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Lipids\nDietary\tfat\tchoices\tby\tthe\tmother\tcan\tincrease\tor\tdecrease\tspecific\tfatty\tacids\tin\ther\tmilk,\tbut\tnot\nthe\ttotal\tamount\tof\tfat\tin\tthe\tmilk.\tSevere\trestriction\tof\tenergy\tintake\tresults\tin\tmobilization\tof\tbody\nfat,\tand\tthe\tmilk\tproduced\thas\ta\tfatty\tacid\tcomposition\trese... | [
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There\tis\tno\tDRI\tfor\ttotal\tlipids\tduring\tlactation\tbecause\tit\tdepends\ton\tthe\tamount\tof\tenergy\nrequired\tby\tthe\tmother\tto\tmaintain\tmilk\tproduction.\tThe\trecommended\tamounts\tof\tspecific\tomega-6\nand\tomega-3\tLCPUFAs\tduring\tlactation\tvary\tlittle\tfrom\tpregnancy;\tthey\tare\tcrucial\tfor\tf... | [
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infant\tbrain\tdevelopment.\tOne\tto\ttwo\tservings\tof\tfish\tper\tweek\tmeet\tthis\tneed\t(herring,\tcanned\tlight\ntuna,\tsalmon).\n\tMothers\tshould\tavoid\teating\tpredatory\tfish\tto\tprevent\texcessive\tlevels\tof\tdietary\nmercury\t(pike,\tmarlin,\tmackerel,\talbacore\ttuna,\tand\tswordfish)\t(\nAAP,\t2012\n;\t... | [
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AAP,\t2012\n;\tsee\talso\t\nChapter\t16\n).\nIntake\tof\ttrans\tfats\tshould\tbe\tkept\tto\ta\tminimum\tby\tthe\tnursing\tmother\tso\tthat\tthe\tpotential\tfor\ttheir\nappearance\tin\ther\tbreastmilk\tis\treduced.\tSee\t\nFocus\tOn:\n\tOmega-3\tFatty\tAcids\tin\tPregnancy\tand\nLactation\n\tfor\tmore\tinformation\n\tab... | [
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0.009530605748295784,
0.041834... |
for\tmore\tinformation\n\tabout\tincluding\tDHA\tin\tthe\tmaternal\tdiet.\nHuman\tmilk\tcontains\t10\tto\t20\tmg/dL\tof\tcholesterol,\tresulting\tin\tan\tapproximate\tconsumption\tof\n100\tmg/day,\twhich\thas\tbeen\tdetermined\tto\tbe\tessential\tto\tthe\tdiet\tof\tthe\tinfant.\tThe\tamount\tof\ncholesterol\tin\tmilk\t... | [
-0.033377569168806076,
-0.04102099686861038,
0.02151498571038246,
-0.035824865102767944,
-0.1298987716436386,
-0.00678987568244338,
0.08493316918611526,
0.017028335481882095,
-0.017695078626275063,
0.025302134454250336,
0.09659592062234879,
-0.053608138114213943,
0.07348913699388504,
0.005... |
progresses.\nVitamins\tand\tminerals\nVitamin\tD.\nThe\tvitamin\tD\tcontent\n\tof\tbreastmilk\tis\trelated\tto\tmaternal\tvitamin\tD\tintake\tas\twell\tas\tenvironmental\nconditions.\tNumerous\tcase\treports\tdocument\tmarginal\tor\tsignificant\tvitamin\tD\tdeficiency\tin\tinfants\nof\tlactating\twomen\twho\tare\tveile... | [
0.00981985218822956,
-0.08451373875141144,
0.028693394735455513,
-0.05597134307026863,
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0.041023824363946915,
0.037749066948890686,
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0.04240996390581131,
0.09524418413639069,
-0.05193467065691948,
0.03370510786771774,
-0.013... |
sunscreens\theavily,\tor\twho\tlive\tin\tlatitudes\twith\tdecreased\tsun\texposure.\tWomen\twith\tlactose\nintolerance\twho\tdo\tnot\tdrink\tvitamin\n\tD–fortified\tmilk\tor\ttake\ta\tvitamin\tsupplement\tmay\tbe\tat\thigher\nrisk\tfor\tvitamin\tD\tdeficiency.\tHypocalcemic\trickets,\tincluding\tcases\tof\tdilated\tcar... | [
-0.03732341527938843,
-0.018793903291225433,
0.04819102957844734,
0.01571287401020527,
-0.01971447467803955,
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0.08918929845094681,
0.03722277656197548,
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0.01860637590289116,
0.08286368101835251,
-0.02215697057545185,
0.052708931267261505,
0.017762... |
been\treported\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tin\tbreastfed,\tdark-skinned\tinfants\t(\nBrown\tet\tal,\t2009\n).\nBecause\tof\treports\tof\tclinical\trickets,\tthe\tAAP\trecommends\tthat\tall\tinfants\treceive\t400\tIU\t(10\tmcg)\nof\tvitamin\tD\tas\ta\tdaily\tsupplement\tstarting\n\tat\tbirth,\tallowing\tthe\tinfant\tto\te... | [
-0.0030362841207534075,
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0.0759887620806694,
-0.0688481479883194,
-0.13681432604789734,
0.008654149249196053,
0.08376868814229965,
0.02360771968960762,
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0.08364889770746231,
0.08711538463830948,
-0.05168876051902771,
0.04122644662857056,
-0.00483... |
at\tbirth,\tallowing\tthe\tinfant\tto\teasily\tachieve\tvitamin\tD\nsufficiency.\tFor\tformula-fed\tinfants,\tthey\tmay\tcease\tsupplementation\tonce\tthe\tinfant\tis\tconsuming\t1\nliter\tof\tformula\tper\tday.\tCanada\trecommends\t800\tIU/day\tfor\tadults\tliving\tnorth\tof\t45°\tN\tlatitude,\tbut | [
-0.009288166649639606,
-0.02651376836001873,
0.07556149363517761,
-0.02536003105342388,
-0.12810836732387543,
0.009344656020402908,
0.062237754464149475,
0.004002779256552458,
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0.027018148452043533,
0.09643808007240295,
-0.0629509910941124,
0.02993948943912983,
-0.00... |
the\tmother\tmay\tneed\tmuch\thigher\tdoses\t(100\tmcg\tor\t4000\tIU/\tday)\tto\tachieve\tnormal\t25(OH)D\nconcentrations\tand\tvitamin\tD\tadequacy\tin\ther\texclusively\n\tbreastfed\tinfant.\tBecause\tthe\tantirachitic\nactivity\tof\thuman\tmilk\tis\tlow\t(5-80\tIU/L),\tthe\tlactating\tmother\trequires\ta\tsignifican... | [
-0.038881998509168625,
-0.004116992000490427,
0.05072113499045372,
-0.03817713260650635,
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0.05706878378987312,
0.06569589674472809,
0.01864495687186718,
0.045701541006565094,
0.1033407598733902,
-0.03233453258872032,
0.024108869954943657,
0.02880... |
vitamin\tD\tdaily\tfrom\tfood\tor\tUV\texposure.\tMaternal\tcirculation\tallows\ttransfer\tof\tthe\tparent\ncompound,\tVitamin\tD3\titself,\tand\tnot\tcirculating\t25(OH)D,\tinto\thuman\tmilk.\tAlthough\tmaternal\nbaseline\tcirculating\t25(OH)D\tlevel\tmay\tbe\tadequate,\tit\tcannot\tbe\n\tassumed\tthat\tthe\tvitamin\t... | [
-0.021993551403284073,
-0.07097578048706055,
0.029139216989278793,
-0.05034414306282997,
-0.0831754207611084,
-0.001982166664674878,
0.054935794323682785,
0.0046190135180950165,
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0.07551226764917374,
0.09828171133995056,
-0.049213580787181854,
0.0308859720826149,
-0.0... |
assumed\tthat\tthe\tvitamin\tD\nactivity\tof\tthe\tmother’s\tmilk\tis\tadequate\tfor\tthe\tinfant.\tBecause\tof\tthe\tbinding\taffinity\tto\tvitamin\tD\nbinding\tprotein,\tthe\tcirculating\thalf-life\tof\t25(OH)D\tis\t3\tto\t4\tweeks,\twhile\tthat\tof\tvitamin\tD3\tis\tjust\n12\tto\t24\thours;\tthe\treduced\taffinity\t... | [
0.01984468661248684,
-0.07332975417375565,
0.05391104146838188,
-0.09272929280996323,
-0.08523406088352203,
0.03430270031094551,
0.07117920368909836,
-0.008623741567134857,
-0.011498697102069855,
0.10734579712152481,
0.08091410249471664,
-0.04363643378019333,
0.06129198521375656,
0.0344163... |
cell\tmembranes\tfrom\tblood\tinto\tthe\tmilk.\tIn\torder\tfor\tlevels\tfor\n\tvitamin\tD\tto\tbe\tsustained\tin\tboth\tthe\nmaternal\tcirculation\tas\twell\tas\tthe\tmilk\tsupply,\ta\tdaily\tdose\tof\tvitamin\tD\tis\trequired.\tRecent\tstudies | [
0.009311484172940254,
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0.028680820018053055,
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0.012006929144263268,
0.09630259871482849,
0.01189000066369772,
0.018815524876117706,
0.06050432473421097,
0.09906657785177231,
-0.08408995717763901,
0.018652619794011116,
0.0302800... |
have\tshown\tthat\ta\tdaily\tmaternal\tintake\tof\t6400\tIU\tof\tvitamin\tD\tis\tsafe\tand\tallows\ta\tmother\tto\nproduce\tmilk\tthat\twill\tprovide\tadequate\tamounts\tof\tvitamin\tD\tto\ther\texclusively\tbreastfed\tnursling,\nwithout\tadditional\tsupplementation\tdirectly\tto\tthe\tinfant\t(\nHollis\tet\tal,\t2015\... | [
0.0005828385474160314,
-0.06247430294752121,
0.05135935917496681,
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0.03265400603413582,
0.08120165020227432,
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0.011082794517278671,
0.07426689565181732,
0.09252002835273743,
-0.0506877526640892,
0.10440198332071304,
0.0296296... |
Hollis\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nCalcium.\nAlthough\tbreastfeeding\tmothers\tshould\tbe\tencouraged\tto\tmeet\ttheir\tDRI\tfor\tcalcium\tfrom\ttheir\tdiet,\nthe\tcalcium\tcontent\tof\tbreastmilk\tis\tnot\trelated\tto\tmaternal\tintake,\tand\tthere\tis\tno\tconvincing\nevidence\tthat\tmaternal\tchange\tin\tbone\tmineral\tdens... | [
0.00498167471960187,
-0.0821443572640419,
0.08763034641742706,
-0.06541351228952408,
-0.0733976885676384,
0.004721212666481733,
0.09999673813581467,
-0.03083648532629013,
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0.005991603713482618,
0.043231550604104996,
-0.0450739786028862,
0.05872715264558792,
0.00759150... |
broad\trange\tof\tintakes\tup\tto\t1600\tmg/day.\tA\trecent\tstudy\tevaluated\tcalcium\tintakes\tof\t33\tGambian\nlactating\twomen\tduring\ttwo\tdifferent\tlactational\ttime\tperiods.\tThe\tstudy\tfound\tthat\teven\twith\nsuboptimal\tintakes,\tthe\tbone\tmineral\tmobilization\tduring\tlactation\twas\trecovered\tafter\t... | [
-0.0003805956512223929,
-0.07063177227973938,
0.039609137922525406,
-0.07659424841403961,
-0.14536668360233307,
-0.03405480459332466,
0.054519977420568466,
0.04209129512310028,
-0.022234823554754257,
0.02904820442199707,
0.06977000832557678,
-0.0659555047750473,
0.018426746129989624,
0.031... |
They\tconcluded\tthat\tsuccessive\tperiods\tof\tlong\tlactation\tare\tnot\tassociated\twith\tprogressive\tskeletal\ndepletion\t(\nSawo\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nIodine.\nAdequate\tbreastmilk\tiodine\tlevels\tare\tparticularly\timportant\n\tfor\tproper\tneurodevelopment\tin\tnursing\ninfants,\tand\trequired\tintakes\tare\tnea... | [
0.022271882742643356,
-0.052737727761268616,
0.05432683601975441,
-0.02801237255334854,
-0.11322403699159622,
0.0262597668915987,
0.05952266976237297,
0.041588835418224335,
0.003611508058384061,
0.070508673787117,
0.10152561217546463,
-0.03259608894586563,
0.03674754872918129,
0.0390673540... |
breastmilk\tare\tconsidered\tto\tbe\tadequate\tto\tmeet\tinfants’\tiodine\tnutritional\tneeds\tin\tareas\twhere\nfood\tsources\tare\tadequate.\tHowever,\tmothers\tliving\tin\tiodine-deficient\tareas,\tespecially\tif\talso\nconsuming\tgoitrogens\tor\texposed\tto\tperchlorate\tcontamination,\tmay\tproduce\n\tmilk\twith\t... | [
-0.020960455760359764,
-0.07290592044591904,
0.026698924601078033,
-0.0030349150765687227,
-0.04969088360667229,
0.011692086234688759,
0.06794087588787079,
0.054955266416072845,
-0.0490121953189373,
0.04220204800367355,
0.08990739285945892,
-0.04953543841838837,
0.0048487987369298935,
0.04... |
milk\twith\tiodine\nconcentrations\tinsufficient\tto\tmeet\tthe\tneeds\tof\tthe\tinfant.\tAs\tmentioned\tearlier,\thyper-\tand\thypo-\nthyroidism\tcan\taffect\tbreastmilk\tproduction,\tand\tso\tmothers\tshould\tchoose\tfood\tsources\tof\tiodine,\nsuch\tas\tiodized\tsalt,\tdairy\tfoods,\tseafood,\tand\tbreads\tmade\twit... | [
0.00025236501824110746,
-0.060987524688243866,
0.04806466028094292,
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0.011535807512700558,
0.08647967129945755,
0.015035715885460377,
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0.03729141503572464,
0.11562150716781616,
-0.06055127829313278,
0.03703583404421806,
-0.0... |
from\tthe\tAAP\tstate\tthat\tlactating\twomen\tshould\tensure\ta\tdaily\tintake\tof\t290\tmcg\tof\tiodide,\n\twhich\ngenerally\trequires\tsupplementation\tof\t150\tmcg/day.\nZinc.\nThe\trequirements\tfor\tzinc\tduring\tlactation\tare\tgreater\tthan\tthose\tduring\tpregnancy.\tBreastmilk | [
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0.047459978610277176,
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0.005825829692184925,
0.0698702484369278,
0.026898425072431564,
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0.03547646105289459,
0.08418051898479462,
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0.033311113715171814,
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provides\tthe\tonly\tdietary\tsource\tof\tzinc\tfor\texclusively\tbreastfed\tinfants,\tand\tit\tremains\ta\tpotentially\nimportant\tsource\tof\tzinc\tfor\tchildren\tbeyond\tinfancy\twho\tcontinue\tto\tbreastfeed.\tIn\tthe\tprocess\tof\nnormal\tlactation,\tthe\tzinc\tcontent\n\tof\tbreastmilk\tdrops\tdramatically\tdurin... | [
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0.01176733523607254,
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0.017691878601908684,
0.059963639825582504,
0.012689665891230106,
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0.028702419251203537,
0.05723542720079422,
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0.07733328640460968,
0.04925... |
of\tbreastmilk\tdrops\tdramatically\tduring\tthe\tfirst\tfew\tmonths\tfrom\n2\tto\t3\tmg/day\tto\t1\tmg/day\tby\tthe\tthird\tmonth\tafter\tbirth.\tZinc\tsupplementation\thas\tnot\tbeen\tfound\nto\taffect\tconcentrations\tin\tthe\tbreastmilk\tof\twomen\tin\tdeveloped\tcountries\tbut\tmay\tincrease\tthe\tzinc\ncontent\to... | [
-0.0069407629780471325,
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0.06141122803092003,
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0.06485141813755035,
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0.0016657874220982194,
0.05240725725889206,
0.06476812809705734,
-0.035802122205495834,
0.07962606102228165,
-0.0... |
Sazawal\tet\tal,\n2013\n).\nVitamin\tB\n12\n\tand\tthe\tvegan\n\tmother.\nFor\tlactating\tmothers\twho\tfollow\ta\tstrict\tvegan\tdiet\twithout\tany\tanimal\tproducts,\ta\tvitamin\tB\n12\nsupplement\tis\tstrongly\trecommended.\tThe\tmilk\tof\ta\tvegan\tmother\tcan\tbe\tseverely\tdeficient\tin\nvitamin\tB\n12 | [
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0.025744983926415443,
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0.026064438745379448,
0.1322644054889679,
0.015913179144263268,
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0.12100278586149216,
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0.006955875549465418,
0.01520... |
vitamin\tB\n12\n,\tleading\tto\ta\tdeficiency\tin\ther\tinfant\twhich,\tif\tnot\ttreated,\tcan\tlead\tto\tgrowth\tfailure\tand\npermanent\tdamage\tto\tthe\tnervous\tsystem.\tNursing\tmothers\twho\tfollow\ta\tstrict\tvegetarian\tdiet\nshould\n\thave\ttheir\tinfant’s\tB\n12\n\tlevels\tmonitored.\tLactating\tmothers\twho\... | [
0.0033134405966848135,
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0.024071304127573967,
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0.035051438957452774,
0.04146663099527359,
0.01853850670158863,
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0.08615691214799881,
0.10976854711771011,
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0.02305113524198532,
0.00237... |
bypass\tsurgery\tare\talso\tat\tgreater\trisk\tfor\tB\n12\n\tdeficiency\t(see\t\nAppendix\t31\n).\nSodium.\nSodium\tintake\tduring\tlactation\tshould\tbe\tcontrolled\twith\tthe\tinclusion\tof\ta\tdiet\tcomposed\tof\tfoods\nhigh\tin\tnutritional\tvalue,\twhich\tare\tnaturally\tlower\tin\tsodium.\tAlthough\tthere\tis\tno... | [
0.0017727704253047705,
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0.05146227777004242,
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0.002345813438296318,
0.08702021092176437,
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0.03989243134856224,
0.10658013075590134,
-0.012430649250745773,
0.04250369593501091,
0.023... |
recommendation\tor\trestriction\n\tfor\tsodium\tin\tthe\tdiet\tof\tbreastfeeding\tmothers,\ta\trelationship\thas\nbeen\testablished\tbetween\tthe\tsodium\tintake\tof\tmothers\tand\tbreastfeeding\tsuccess.\tA\trecent\tstudy\nexamined\twhether\tmaternal\tsalt\tpreference\tmay\tfacilitate\tbreastfeeding.\tThe\tinvestigato... | [
0.0011704523349180818,
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0.039982665330171585,
0.03341665491461754,
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0.041212841868400574,
0.06250843405723572,
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0.024122564122080803,
0.13456836342811584,
0.00022201682440936565,
0.02426200732588768,
0.04... |
that\tmothers\twith\ta\tpreference\tfor\ta\tlow\tsalt\tintake\thad\thigher\trates\tof\tsuccessful\tbreastfeeding\nbeyond\tday\t7\tcompared\twith\tmothers\twith\n\thigh\tsalt\tpreference.\tMothers\twith\thigh\tsalt\tpreference\nhad\tthe\tshortest\texclusive\tbreastfeeding\tduration\tup\tto\tpostnatal\tday\t25\t(\nVerd\t... | [
0.014997623860836029,
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0.04754232242703438,
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0.07551128417253494,
0.038557715713977814,
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0.040112726390361786,
0.06690488010644913,
0.014151317067444324,
0.05610983446240425,
0.03025... |
Verd\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tFuture\nstudies\tare\twarranted\tto\tdetermine\texactly\twhat\teffect\tmaternal\tsodium\tintake\thas\ton\tthe\tsuccess\tof\nbreastfeeding.\nFluids\nA\tnursing\tmother\tmay\tfeel\ta\tneed\tto\tdrink\tsimply\tbecause\tof\tincreased\tfluid\toutput\twhen\nbreastfeeding\ther\tinfant.\n\tShe\tshould\... | [
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0.0478462278842926,
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0.007453157566487789,
0.0349942110478878,
0.027748340740799904,
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0.020383259281516075,
0.09285532683134079,
-0.059471748769283295,
0.05031447485089302,
0.00493... |
beneficial\tand\tmay\tcause\tdiscomfort.\tThe\tbeverage\tof\tchoice\tis\twater;\thowever,\twater\tis\tthe\tmain\ncomponent\tof\tmany\tbeverages\tand\tcan\tbe\tused\tas\tsuch\tin\tthe\tbody.\nCaffeine.\nCaffeine\tis\tacceptable\tin\tmoderate\tamounts\t(less\tthan\t300\tmg\tdaily,\tsee\t\nAppendix\t25\n)\tand\tdoes\tnot\... | [
0.015934661030769348,
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0.06687185168266296,
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0.028401339426636696,
0.1247444897890091,
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0.06450468301773071,
0.0965554416179657,
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0.045821961015462875,
0.0322... |
)\tand\tdoes\tnot\npresent\ta\tproblem\tfor\tthe\thealthy\tfull-term\tinfant.\n\tIf\tthe\tmother\tis\tnursing\ta\tpreterm\tinfant,\nhowever,\tthe\tbaby\tmay\tbe\tparticularly\tsensitive\tto\tlarge\tintakes\tof\tcaffeine.\tIn\tthis\tcase\tthe\tmother\nis\tadvised\tto\tobserve\ther\tinfant\tclosely\tfor\tsigns\tof\tovers... | [
0.021894492208957672,
-0.05681135132908821,
0.06494973599910736,
-0.06273452937602997,
-0.12380670756101608,
0.01617823727428913,
0.05604175478219986,
-0.026254279538989067,
0.02360788732767105,
0.09649046510457993,
0.09925219416618347,
-0.056257762014865875,
0.07668373733758926,
0.0172460... |
not\tbeing\table\tto\tsettle\teasily.\tIf\tso,\tthe\tmother\tshould\tadjust\ther\tcaffeine\tintake\taccordingly.\tIt\tmay\ntake\ta\tfew\tdays\tafter\treducing\tcaffeine\n\tintake\tfor\tmother\tto\tnotice\ta\tdifference\tin\tthe\tbaby’s\nsymptoms.\tThere\tis\tno\tevidence\tthat\tcaffeine\taffects\tmilk\tsupply,\talthoug... | [
0.003857801202684641,
-0.09024948626756668,
0.05998605489730835,
-0.060508839786052704,
-0.11651089787483215,
0.008402341976761818,
0.06905168294906616,
-0.03159410133957863,
0.020789172500371933,
0.07097216695547104,
0.0660480484366417,
-0.05729111284017563,
0.08535204827785492,
0.0109514... |
overstimulated,\the\tmay\tnot\tnurse\twell,\twhich\tcould\tlead\tto\tdysfunctional\tbreastfeeding\tand\neventually\ta\tlowered\tmaternal\tmilk\tsupply.\nAlcohol.\nNo\tsafe\tamount\tof\talcohol\thas\tbeen\testablished\tfor\tthe\tnursing\tmother,\tbut\trecommendations | [
0.07619373500347137,
-0.07895835489034653,
0.08596091717481613,
-0.026036541908979416,
-0.0760946124792099,
0.0009748646407388151,
0.05165570229291916,
-0.014063363894820213,
-0.029302671551704407,
0.05304522067308426,
0.08911564201116562,
0.003847940359264612,
0.006564348004758358,
0.0097... |
include\tlimiting\n\tintake\tto\t0.5\tg\talcohol/kg\tmaternal\tbody\tweight\t(\nAAP,\t2012\n).\tFor\ta\t60-kg\tmother,\tthis\nequals\tapproximately\t2\toz\tliquor,\t8\toz\twine,\tor\ttwo\tbeers\tper\tday.\tPeak\talcohol\tlevels\toccur\tin\tabout\n½\tto\t1\thour\tafter\tdrinking,\talthough\tthis\tvaries\tamong\twomen\td... | [
-0.01946271024644375,
-0.03959444537758827,
0.06238522380590439,
-0.07049643248319626,
-0.15574784576892853,
0.034383535385131836,
0.04693496972322464,
0.020549338310956955,
-0.0157433170825243,
0.037755560129880905,
0.05706867203116417,
-0.049685120582580566,
0.06326770782470703,
0.009196... |
composition.\tThere\tis\tno\tneed\tfor\ta\tmother\tto\texpress\tand\tdiscard\ther\tmilk\tafter\ttaking\t1\tto\t2\tdrinks,\nthinking\tthis\twill\n\tspeed\tthe\telimination\tof\talcohol\tfrom\tthe\tmilk,\tunless\tit\tis\tfor\ther\town\tcomfort.\tAs\nblood\talcohol\tdecreases,\tso\tdoes\talcohol\tconcentration\tin\tthe\tm... | [
0.033878225833177567,
-0.07047609984874725,
0.04704027622938156,
-0.029847241938114166,
-0.09460972994565964,
0.024531077593564987,
0.054292403161525726,
-0.012376002036035061,
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-0.021565059199929237,
0.08792898803949356,
0.002945000771433115,
0.03169618546962738,
0.0... |
about\tany\talcohol\tintake\twhen\tnursing\ta\tpremature,\tyoung,\tor\tsick\tbaby\tbecause\tthis\tbaby\twould\tbe\naffected\tmuch\tmore\tthan\tthe\tolder,\tmore\tmature\tbaby.\tIn\taddition,\tmothers\tshould\tconsider\ttheir\nability\tto\tcare\tfor\n\ttheir\tchildren\twhen\tunder\tthe\tinfluence\tof\talcohol.\tIf\tocca... | [
0.02908947691321373,
-0.08794941753149033,
0.0905691534280777,
-0.04013890400528908,
-0.08558262139558792,
0.01974673941731453,
0.12629127502441406,
-0.02184065617620945,
-0.030134834349155426,
0.015359347686171532,
0.06528443843126297,
-0.021077647805213928,
0.041774947196245193,
0.056499... |
occurs,\tmoderation\tis\tadvised\tat\tall\ttimes\tfor\tbreastfeeding\tmothers.\nSee\t\nTable\t14.15\n\tand\t\nBox\t14.13\n\tfor\tsummaries\tof\tnutritional\tcare\tduring\tlactation.\nBox\t14.13\nSummary\tof\tNutritional\tCare\tDuring\tLactation\n1.\t\nA\tvariety\tof\tfoods,\tfocusing\ton\tnutrient-dense\tfood\tchoices.... | [
0.01287879515439272,
-0.07715733349323273,
0.05984900891780853,
-0.037780437618494034,
-0.046368543058633804,
0.027263136580586433,
0.05727666616439819,
0.03244585916399956,
0.0044725327752530575,
0.06007452681660652,
0.13396434485912323,
-0.06551869958639145,
0.02107110433280468,
0.057711... |
2.\t\nEnergy\tintake\tto\tallow\tfor\tmaintaining\n\thealth\tand\twell-being;\tcalorie\tlevel\tno\tless\tthan\n1800\tkcal/day.\tIntentional\tweight\tloss\tnot\tadvised\tbefore\tbreastfeeding\tis\twell\testablished\n(approximately\t2\tmonths).\n3.\t\nProtein\tintake\tto\tmeet\tnutritional\tneeds,\tapproximately\tan\tadd... | [
0.04606077820062637,
0.010252230800688267,
0.10543488711118698,
0.06102399155497551,
-0.06069407984614372,
-0.012432596646249294,
0.08680416643619537,
-0.0341959223151207,
-0.06614955514669418,
0.03696006163954735,
0.1169566884636879,
-0.10158461332321167,
-0.015890860930085182,
-0.0080892... |
level\tprepregnancy.\tThis\toften\trequires\t20%\tof\tenergy\tintake\tfrom\tprotein.\n4.\t\nDHA\tfrom\tfatty\tfish\t(low\tin\tmethylmercury)\ttwice\ta\tweek.\n5.\t\nMineral\tand\tvitamin\tintakes\tto\tmeet\tthe\trecommended\tdaily\tallowances\t(usually\tmet\tfrom\na\tvariety\tof\tfoods\tin\tthe\tdiet).\tSupplements\tas... | [
-0.0023530940525233746,
-0.049794986844062805,
0.04441755637526512,
-0.016810528934001923,
-0.07910683751106262,
0.026515908539295197,
0.09362798184156418,
0.06080864369869232,
-0.05351012572646141,
0.026627294719219208,
0.14084048569202423,
-0.09880167245864868,
0.01411786675453186,
0.000... |
6.\t\nDrink\tto\tthirst;\thave\tbeverages\treadily\tavailable\tduring\tnursing\tand\twhen\texpressing\nbreastmilk.\n7.\t\nIf\tdesired,\talcoholic\tbeverages\tcan\tbe\tconsumed\ton\toccasion,\tin\tmoderation.\tNot\nrecommended\twith\tpreterm,\tvery\tyoung,\n\tor\tsick\tinfants.\n8.\t\nOmission\tof\ttoxins\tand\tnonnutri... | [
0.009634008631110191,
-0.06175995245575905,
0.081013523042202,
0.011876451782882214,
-0.06617441028356552,
0.04391789808869362,
0.09455230832099915,
-0.02506232261657715,
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0.0520046092569828,
0.08806486427783966,
-0.047641392797231674,
0.017246047034859657,
0.01085521... |
as\tpossible.\nPrenatal\tbreastfeeding\teducation\nThe\tadvantages\tof\tbreastfeeding\tshould\tbe\tpresented\tthroughout\tthe\tchildbearing\tyears.\tDuring\npregnancy,\tcounseling\ton\tthe\trisks\tof\tformula\tfeeding\tand\tthe\tprocess\tof\tlactation\tshould\tbe\nprovided\tto\twomen\tso\tthat\tthey\tcan\tmake\n\tan\ti... | [
0.05543313920497894,
-0.0626201182603836,
0.07161581516265869,
-0.02329234965145588,
-0.1301364153623581,
0.007332831155508757,
0.0543886162340641,
-0.033781737089157104,
-0.012205587700009346,
0.07380747050046921,
0.08853578567504883,
-0.016139768064022064,
0.051565226167440414,
0.0356448... |
an\tinformed\tdecision\tabout\thow\tthey\twill\tfeed\ttheir\tbaby\nand\tso\tthat\tthey\tunderstand\thow\tto\tachieve\tsuccessful\tbreastfeeding.\tAs\toptimal\tmaternity\tcare\npractices\tbecome\tthe\tnorm\tin\thospitals\tand\tbirth\tcenters,\twomen\tshould\tbe\teducated\ton\tthese\npractices\tin\tadvance\tof\tdelivery.... | [
0.06118207424879074,
-0.08123934268951416,
0.06674442440271378,
-0.04800799861550331,
-0.13842546939849854,
-0.022661428898572922,
0.02900013141334057,
-0.01646716706454754,
-0.011395243927836418,
0.10064201056957245,
0.09541144222021103,
-0.0350964181125164,
0.05150226503610611,
0.0273495... |
women\tand\ttheir\tpartners.\tThe\temotional\tsupport\tprovided\tby\tthe\n\tmother’s\tpartner\tcontributes\nheavily\tto\tthe\tsuccess\tof\tthe\tbreastfeeding\texperience.\nDuring\tthis\ttime\tthe\tmother\tshould\tidentify\ta\tsupport\tperson\tto\tcall\tupon\tafter\tbreastfeeding\nbegins.\tBecause\tinitiation\tand\testa... | [
0.0017220793524757028,
-0.03719315305352211,
0.08648059517145157,
0.02527347020804882,
-0.10180587321519852,
0.010902296751737595,
0.04899519309401512,
-0.059889718890190125,
-0.044061508029699326,
0.06861357390880585,
0.13681861758232117,
-0.03462116792798042,
0.005031092092394829,
0.0022... |
challenges\tfor\tnew\tmothers,\tit\tis\twise\tfor\ther\tto\tknow\twho\tto\tturn\tto\twhen\tquestions\tor\tconcerns\narise.\tA\tknowledgeable\tfamily\n\tmember\tor\thealth\tprofessional,\tdoula,\tpeer\tcounselor,\tor\tchildbirth\neducator\tcan\tprovide\tthe\tencouragement\tso\toften\tneeded\tfor\ta\tmother\tin\tthe\tear... | [
-0.0558866523206234,
-0.008479805663228035,
0.047482267022132874,
-0.0331246592104435,
-0.09859522432088852,
0.060422953218221664,
0.056851498782634735,
-0.012968592345714569,
-0.043073926120996475,
0.049422599375247955,
0.08825784921646118,
-0.055995892733335495,
0.04988574609160423,
0.06... |
period.\tPrenatal\tbreastfeeding\tcounseling\twith\tregular\tfollow-up\tafter\tdelivery\thas\tbeen\tshown\tto\nhave\ta\tpositive\teffect\ton\tearly\tinitiation\tand\tsustained\texclusive\tbreastfeeding,\tespecially\tamong\nprimiparous\tmothers,\twith\tgroup\tcounseling\n\thaving\teven\tmore\tbeneficial\timpact\tthan\ti... | [
-0.022224782034754753,
-0.06548922508955002,
0.08921269327402115,
-0.024097150191664696,
-0.09803620725870132,
0.006002476904541254,
0.064425028860569,
-0.028499534353613853,
-0.013283073902130127,
0.019246799871325493,
0.10332782566547394,
-0.046549394726753235,
0.05146750435233116,
-0.01... |
counseling\t(\nWHO,\t2017\n).\tWhen\tmore\tcomplicated\tproblems\tare\tidentified,\tan\tInternational\tBoard\nCertified\tLactation\tConsultant\t(IBCLC)\tcan\tintervene,\twhich\tmay\tmean\tthe\tdifference\tbetween\tearly\nweaning\tand\ta\tsuccessful\tbreastfeeding\texperience.\nPhysiology\tand\tmanagement\tof\tlactation... | [
-0.02520725689828396,
0.005996388383209705,
0.02597886510193348,
0.06501444429159164,
-0.061876408755779266,
0.028861477971076965,
0.05171359330415726,
-0.01136195007711649,
0.01404915377497673,
-0.005795674864202738,
0.07465443015098572,
-0.034896478056907654,
-0.03266289830207825,
0.0133... |
Mammary\tgland\tgrowth\tduring\tmenarche\tand\tpregnancy\tprepares\n\tthe\twoman\tfor\tlactation.\nHormonal\tchanges\tin\tpregnancy\tmarkedly\tincrease\tbreast,\tareola,\tand\tnipple\tsize\tas\twell\tas\nsignificantly\tincrease\tducts\tand\talveoli\tand\tinfluence\tmammary\tgrowth.\tLate\tin\tpregnancy\tthe | [
0.032710447907447815,
-0.02019363082945347,
0.03822537139058113,
0.011037017218768597,
-0.062434710562229156,
0.020880335941910744,
0.07371988147497177,
0.024403566494584084,
-0.017220627516508102,
0.0750984326004982,
0.13352900743484497,
-0.055693306028842926,
-0.042743418365716934,
-0.01... |
lobules\tof\tthe\talveolar\tsystem\tare\tmaximally\tdeveloped,\tand\tsmall\tamounts\tof\tcolostrum\tmay\tbe\nreleased\tfor\tseveral\tweeks\tbefore\tterm\tand\tfor\ta\tfew\tdays\tafter\tdelivery.\tAfter\tbirth\tthere\tis\ta\n\trapid\ndrop\tin\tcirculating\tlevels\tof\testrogen\tand\tprogesterone\taccompanied\tby\ta\trap... | [
-0.01577433943748474,
-0.06384678184986115,
0.05142130330204964,
-0.012331098318099976,
-0.04843223839998245,
0.028423015028238297,
0.0954676941037178,
-0.002270963741466403,
0.0006412633811123669,
0.06992481648921967,
0.10972082614898682,
-0.021579818800091743,
0.034385643899440765,
0.019... |
secretion,\tsetting\tthe\tstage\tfor\ta\tcopious\tmilk\tsupply.\nThe\tusual\tstimulus\tfor\tmilk\tproduction\tand\tsecretion\tis\tsuckling.\tSubcutaneous\tnerves\tof\tthe\nareola\tsend\ta\tmessage\tvia\tthe\tspinal\tcord\tto\tthe\thypothalamus,\twhich\tin\tturn\ttransmits\ta\tmessage\tto\nthe\tpituitary\tgland,\twhere\... | [
0.02507288195192814,
-0.00279068760573864,
0.07316841185092926,
-0.017312953248620033,
-0.07605056464672089,
0.02303002029657364,
0.06476413458585739,
-0.04100961610674858,
0.0016323007876053452,
0.09320231527090073,
0.1356699913740158,
-0.0633927509188652,
0.042290572077035904,
-0.0097562... |
and\tposterior\tareas\tare\tstimulated.\tProlactin\tfrom\tthe\nanterior\tpituitary\tstimulates\talveolar\tcell\tmilk\tproduction,\tas\tshown\tin\t\nFig.\t14.9\n.\tWomen\twho\thave\ndiabetes,\twho\tare\tobese,\twho\texperience\tstress\tduring\tdelivery,\tor\twho\thave\tretained\tplacental | [
-0.0043692821636796,
-0.00007911762077128515,
0.035274967551231384,
-0.016335729509592056,
-0.05349195748567581,
0.017789900302886963,
0.036936525255441666,
0.0070219747722148895,
-0.006227720994502306,
0.07704275846481323,
0.10682373493909836,
-0.04338093847036362,
-0.02124474197626114,
0... |
fragments\tin\tthe\tuterus\tare\tat\trisk\tfor\tdelayed\tmilk\tproduction\t(i.e.,\twhen\tsigns\tof\tlactogenesis\tare\nabsent\t72\thours\tafter\tbirth). | [
-0.06083248555660248,
-0.0028739115223288536,
0.0658145472407341,
-0.0864754319190979,
-0.012589951045811176,
0.0004292354569770396,
0.02664208598434925,
0.05885913223028183,
0.0032146344892680645,
0.0747600793838501,
0.0767592266201973,
-0.07275606691837311,
-0.044709350913763046,
0.03033... |
FIG.\t14.9\nPhysiology\tof\tmilk\tproduction\tand\tthe\tlet-down\treflex.\t\nPRH\n,\tPituitary-releasing\thormone.\nOxytocin\n\tfrom\tthe\tposterior\tpituitary\tstimulates\tthe\tmyoepithelial\tcells\tof\tthe\tmammary\tgland\tto\ncontract,\tcausing\tmovement\tof\tmilk\tthrough\tthe\tducts\tand\tlactiferous\tsinuses,\ta\... | [
0.021144414320588112,
-0.05263453349471092,
0.05260760709643364,
-0.04860914126038551,
-0.07677849382162094,
0.009474728256464005,
0.03798609972000122,
0.06165982782840729,
0.03366532921791077,
0.08262195438146591,
0.11472084373235703,
-0.030475234612822533,
0.05439254641532898,
0.04898941... |
as\t\nlet-down\n.\t“Let-down”\tis\thighly\tsensitive.\tOxytocin\tmay\tbe\treleased\tby\tvisual,\ttactile,\tolfactory,\nand\tauditory\tstimuli;\tand\teven\tby\tthinking\tabout\tthe\tinfant.\tOxytocin\tsecretion\talso\tcan\tbe\tinhibited\nby\tpain,\temotional\tand\tphysical\tstress,\tfatigue,\tand\tanxiety.\nStages\tof\t... | [
0.022793680429458618,
-0.03966249153017998,
0.0473489984869957,
-0.03603631630539894,
-0.16512703895568848,
-0.016654107719659805,
0.1096486821770668,
0.009291349910199642,
0.02460458129644394,
0.051747970283031464,
0.07671785354614258,
0.010477923788130283,
0.08906005322933197,
0.05499029... |
Stages\tof\tmilk\tand\tvariations\tin\tcomposition\nHuman\tmilk\tvaries\tin\tnutritional\tcomposition\tthroughout\tthe\tmaternal\tlactational\tperiod\tand\tseems\nto\tbe\tmore\tsensitive\tto\tmaternal\tfactors\tsuch\tas\tbody\tcomposition,\tdiet,\tand\tparity\tduring\n\tlater\nlactation\tthan\tduring\tthe\tfirst\tfew\t... | [
0.05683700740337372,
-0.028509482741355896,
0.08001229912042618,
-0.051112379878759384,
-0.10278923809528351,
0.02571500465273857,
0.013909495435655117,
-0.005318444687873125,
-0.003365719225257635,
0.06129223108291626,
0.06644120812416077,
-0.04801873862743378,
0.028117837384343147,
0.048... |
Lawrence\tand\tLawrence,\t2016\n).\tThis\tfluid\tis\tconstantly\nchanging\tto\tmeet\tthe\tneeds\tof\tthe\tgrowing\tinfant;\tnutrient\tcomposition\tchanges\tthroughout\tthe\nduration\tof\tlactation,\tbut\talso\tover\tthe\tcourse\tof\ta\tday,\tand\teven\tduring\ta\tfeeding.\nThe\tdelivery\tof\tthe\tplacenta\tafter\tthe\t... | [
-0.004366171546280384,
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0.05689166113734245,
-0.05519406870007515,
-0.11851783841848373,
0.022236591205000877,
0.063665010035038,
-0.02866404876112938,
0.00917709618806839,
0.04641244560480118,
0.07909941673278809,
-0.029990609735250473,
0.0005037420778535306,
0.003324... |
lactogenesis\tI\n,\tor\tthe\tbeginning\tof\nmilk\tproduction.\n\t\nColostrum\n\tis\tthe\tthick,\tyellowish\tsecretion\tthat\tis\tthe\tfirst\tfeeding\tfor\tthe\tinfant.\tIt\nis\thigher\tin\tprotein\tand\tlower\tin\tfat\tand\tcarbohydrate,\tincluding\tlactose,\tthan\tmature\tmilk.\tIt\nfacilitates\tthe\tpassage\tof\tmeco... | [
-0.0011862629326060414,
-0.11133555322885513,
0.0662057027220726,
-0.005812368355691433,
-0.07188353687524796,
0.03845072537660599,
0.04281982034444809,
0.03642410412430763,
-0.030721204355359077,
0.06350573152303696,
0.07392751425504684,
-0.022482816129922867,
-0.03627066686749458,
0.0313... |
water-soluble\tvitamins\tthan\tmature\tmilk.\tColostrum\tis\talso\thigher\tin\tfat-soluble\tvitamins,\tprotein,\nsodium,\n\tpotassium,\tchloride,\tzinc,\tand\timmunoglobulins\tthan\tmature\tmilk.\tColostrum\tprovides\napproximately\t20\tkcal/oz\tand\tis\ta\trich\tsource\tof\tantibodies.\tIt\tis\tconsidered\tthe\tbaby’s... | [
-0.00826646201312542,
-0.08239621669054031,
0.06617911159992218,
0.03352152928709984,
-0.005620397627353668,
0.04778534546494484,
0.06578554958105087,
0.08091509342193604,
-0.05711258947849274,
0.02801014482975006,
0.06637874990701675,
-0.05153196305036545,
0.011113458313047886,
0.06403024... |
immunization.\nTransitional\tmilk\n\tbegins\tto\tbe\tproduced\tapproximately\t2\tto\t5\tdays\tafter\tdelivery\tuntil\taround\t10\nto\t14\tdays\tpostpartum.\tDuring\tthis\tstage\tof\t\nlactogenesis\tII\n,\twhite,\tcreamy\tmilk\tis\tproduced\tin\nmuch\tgreater\n\tquantities\tthan\tcolostrum,\tand\tbreasts\tbecome\tlarger... | [
-0.021001294255256653,
-0.03861933946609497,
0.06134181469678879,
-0.06781893223524094,
-0.08080101758241653,
0.013392399065196514,
0.09317227452993393,
0.05918798968195915,
-0.023201078176498413,
0.07849261909723282,
0.11404620110988617,
-0.022586166858673096,
-0.002012580633163452,
0.058... |
when\tmothers\tfeel\ttheir\tmilk\t“come\tin.”\tIt\tis\timportant\tfor\tmothers\tto\tbreastfeed\toften\tduring\tthis\nstage\t(8\tto\t12\ttimes/day)\tto\tavoid\tengorgement\tand\tallow\tproper\temptying\tof\tthe\tbreast\tby\tthe\ninfant.\tThis\talso\tensures\tadequate\tfluid\tand\tnutrition\tfor\tthe\tbaby\tduring\tthis\... | [
0.014151761308312416,
-0.003677110420539975,
0.08540231734514236,
-0.03200183063745499,
-0.08137846738100052,
-0.0005964231677353382,
0.08326954394578934,
0.03367645666003227,
0.008969511836767197,
0.033566270023584366,
0.09490048140287399,
-0.06535735726356506,
0.025692379102110863,
0.038... |
extremely\timportant\n\ttime\tto\tbring\tin\ta\tfull\tmilk\tsupply,\twhich\tcan\tbe\testablished\tby\tthe\tinfant\tonly\nwith\tunrestricted\taccess\tto\tbreastfeeding.\nMature\tmilk\n\tis\tthe\tfinal\tstage\tof\tmilk\tproduction\tand\tusually\tbegins\tto\tappear\tnear\tthe\tend\tof\tthe\nsecond\tweek\tafter\tchildbirth... | [
0.03637238219380379,
-0.09213314205408096,
0.05918368697166443,
-0.03149272873997688,
-0.12073260545730591,
-0.020973017439246178,
0.04964029788970947,
0.027584603056311607,
-0.05564501881599426,
0.04437223821878433,
0.10302190482616425,
-0.03377144783735275,
0.021124549210071564,
0.025717... |
,\tthe\tfirst\tmilk\treleased\tduring\ta\tbreastfeed,\tis\thigh\tin\twater\ncontent\tto\tmeet\tthe\tbaby’s\thydration\tneeds.\tIt\tis\tlow\tin\tcalories\tbut\n\thigh\tin\twater-soluble\tvitamins\nand\tprotein.\tThis\tmilk\tis\tthinner,\tsometimes\twith\ta\tbluish\tcolor,\tand\tresembles\tskim\tmilk\twhen\tfirst\nreleas... | [
0.010632100515067577,
-0.045693352818489075,
0.10201545059680939,
-0.04679212346673012,
-0.06025249511003494,
0.011640900745987892,
0.07967165857553482,
0.026884404942393303,
-0.03329794108867645,
0.04746213182806969,
0.05519676208496094,
-0.014596913941204548,
0.05099903792142868,
0.01235... |
released\tfrom\tthe\tbreast.\nAs\tthe\tbaby\tnurses\tduring\ta\tbreastfeed,\tthe\tmilk\tbecomes\tcreamier,\tindicating\ta\thigher\tfat\ncontent.\tThis\tmilk,\thigh\tin\tfat-soluble\tvitamins\tand\tother\tnutrients,\tis\tcalled\t\nhindmilk\n.\tIt\tprovides\nsatiety\tand\tthe\tcalories\tto\tensure\tgrowth\tin\n\tthe\tbab... | [
0.014837819151580334,
-0.09072715789079666,
0.07648666948080063,
-0.009303167462348938,
-0.08594869077205658,
0.008894393220543861,
0.07364394515752792,
0.04940415546298027,
-0.002061598701402545,
0.05054065212607384,
0.12036876380443573,
-0.016468891873955727,
0.00859655998647213,
0.02600... |
the\tbaby.\tIt\tis\timportant\tfor\tthe\tmother\tto\tallow\tthe\ninfant\tto\tempty\tthe\tfirst\tbreast\tat\teach\tfeeding\tto\tobtain\tthis\thindmilk,\tbefore\toffering\tthe\tother\nbreast.\tThis\tway,\tthe\tbaby\tis\tassured\tof\tobtaining\tthe\tcomplete\tnutrition\tavailable\tfrom\tthe\tmother’s | [
0.05808451771736145,
-0.078101746737957,
0.08163447678089142,
-0.030932551249861717,
-0.1295105218887329,
0.046815428882837296,
0.03927053511142731,
-0.017569459974765778,
0.030702216550707817,
0.08092466741800308,
0.05439435690641403,
-0.016065366566181183,
0.0674700066447258,
0.007163670... |
milk.\tHindmilk\tis\treleased\tas\tthe\tbreast\tis\temptied\tand\tsignals\tto\tthe\tbaby\tthat\ta\tfeeding\tis\tover.\nThis\tmechanism\thelps\tthe\tinfant\tto\tlearn\twhen\n\tto\tend\ta\tfeeding\tand\tmay\tcontribute\tto\tthe\nprevention\tof\tovereating\tand\tsubsequently\tbecoming\toverweight\tlater\tin\tlife.\tThe\tl... | [
0.013791789300739765,
-0.05256170034408569,
0.09308525174856186,
0.026722973212599754,
-0.08805301040410995,
0.019143614917993546,
0.06294282525777817,
-0.015296127647161484,
-0.04707770049571991,
0.05565571412444115,
0.09616317600011826,
-0.07712791860103607,
-0.003617409383878112,
-0.013... |
goes\tbetween\tfeedings,\tthe\tmore\tforemilk\twill\tbe\tstored\tin\tthe\tbreast;\thowever,\twhen\tfeedings\tare | [
0.012409940361976624,
-0.05415164679288864,
0.07842586934566498,
-0.03755580261349678,
-0.13503432273864746,
0.03072378598153591,
0.10669360309839249,
-0.03055380843579769,
0.049268558621406555,
0.034469347447156906,
0.0757099986076355,
-0.05042366310954094,
0.04541926831007004,
0.01726433... |
closer\ttogether,\tthe\tbaby\treceives\tmore\thindmilk\tin\teach\tfeeding.\tBabies\tneed\ta\tbalanced\tdiet,\twith\nsufficient\tamounts\tof\tforemilk\tand\thindmilk\tfor\tproper\tgrowth\n\tand\tdevelopment.\nAs\tthe\tmother\tprogresses\tduring\tthe\tlactational\tstage\tof\tmotherhood,\ther\tbreasts\treturn\tto\ther | [
0.0650237426161766,
-0.08263956755399704,
0.04993437975645065,
-0.06301058828830719,
-0.10021420568227768,
-0.0007423153729178011,
0.02996116876602173,
-0.00010487301915418357,
0.0294570941478014,
0.09426304697990417,
0.1652413159608841,
-0.022737031802535057,
0.008475272916257381,
0.03904... |
prepregnancy\tsize\tand\tmay\tappear\tsomewhat\tsofter\tand\tsmaller\tthan\tearlier.\tThis\tdoes\tnot\tindicate\na\tlower\tmilk\tsupply,\tbut\tonly\ther\tbody’s\tadjustment\tto\testablished\tbreastfeeding.\tA\twoman\tcontinues\nto\tproduce\tnutritious\tmature\tmilk,\tas\twell\tas\tenjoy\tthe\temotional\tand\timmunologi... | [
0.014100617729127407,
-0.02233748324215412,
0.08030793070793152,
0.01929321326315403,
-0.0660853162407875,
0.01766389235854149,
0.08155935257673264,
0.024295708164572716,
-0.0522901825606823,
0.09063310921192169,
0.12714214622974396,
-0.02778315544128418,
0.007305694743990898,
-0.018017971... |
for\tas\nlong\tas\tshe\tbreastfeeds.\tExclusive\tbreastfeeding\tis\trecommended\tfor\tthe\tfirst\t6\tmonths,\tfollowed\tby\ncontinued\tbreastfeeding\tas\tcomplementary\tfoods\tare\tintroduced,\twith\tcontinuation\tof\tbreastfeeding\nfor\t1\tyear\tor\tlonger,\tas\tmutually\tdesired\tby\tmother\tand\tchild\t(\nAAP,\t2012... | [
0.01635708473622799,
-0.05685792490839958,
0.04660194367170334,
-0.03173486515879631,
-0.0698583722114563,
0.012450079433619976,
0.019561374559998512,
-0.03275495395064354,
0.014606820419430733,
0.048946067690849304,
0.11785519868135452,
-0.012007067911326885,
0.03858516737818718,
0.038295... |
AAP,\t2012\n).\nAs\tmentioned\tpreviously,\tbreastmilk\tis\ta\tdynamic\tfluid,\tchanging\tthroughout\tthe\tlactational\tperiod\nof\tthe\tmother.\tBreastmilk\n\tcontinues\tto\tprovide\tan\tinfant\twith\tneeded\tamounts\tof\tessential\tnutrients\nwell\tbeyond\tthe\tfirst\tyear\tof\tlife,\tespecially\tprotein,\tfat,\tand\... | [
0.0031368019990622997,
-0.05625773221254349,
0.04115338250994682,
-0.05685434490442276,
-0.11385273933410645,
0.0072505176067352295,
0.08083255589008331,
0.006221483927220106,
0.015595837496221066,
0.07099302113056183,
0.10361804813146591,
-0.04023682326078415,
0.0418713316321373,
0.033537... |
gain\tless\tweight\tand\tusually\tare\tleaner\tthan\tare\tformula-fed\tinfants\tin\tthe\tsecond\thalf\tof\tinfancy,\nwhich\tdoes\tnot\tseem\tto\tbe\tthe\tresult\tof\tnutritional\tdeficits,\tbut\trather\tinfant\tself-regulation\tof\tenergy\nintake.\n\tThe\tnutrients\tmost\tlikely\tto\tbe\tlimiting\tin\tthe\tdiets\tof\tb... | [
-0.015001106075942516,
-0.06547843664884567,
0.03787457197904587,
0.01206419337540865,
-0.06768113374710083,
0.024972155690193176,
0.12183721363544464,
0.03938110172748566,
-0.04769328981637955,
0.029042890295386314,
0.08820565044879913,
-0.08587193489074707,
0.03088553436100483,
-0.022530... |
exclusive\tbreastfeeding\tare\tminerals\tsuch\tas\tiron,\tzinc,\tand\tcalcium.\tThese\tnutrients\tare\treadily\navailable\tthrough\tan\tage-appropriate\tdiet\tconsisting\tof\tmeats,\twhole\tgrains,\tdairy\tfoods,\tfruits,\tand\nvegetables.\nDuring\tgrowth\tspurts,\tor\ttimes\tof\trapid\tinfant\tdevelopment—typically\ta... | [
0.0015897684497758746,
-0.03663460165262222,
0.058811452239751816,
0.009660203009843826,
-0.01803898997604847,
0.009562796913087368,
0.08778732270002365,
-0.0016629529418423772,
-0.022847378626465797,
0.03949202969670296,
0.1235477402806282,
-0.06651879101991653,
0.02513418160378933,
0.025... |
at\t4\nto\t6\tweeks,\tand\tanytime\tbetween\t3\tand\t6\tmonths—babies\tmay\tincrease\ttheir\tdesire\tto\tnurse\tto\tmeet\ncaloric\tneeds.\tIf\tallowed\tto\tdo\tso,\tthis\ttriggers\tan\tincrease\tin\tthe\tmother’s\tprolactin\tlevel,\tand\tafter\ta\nfew\tdays,\tshe\twill\tbegin\tto\tmake\tmore\tmilk.\tIf\tsupplements\tar... | [
-0.004311653319746256,
-0.012694770470261574,
0.06483093649148941,
-0.029157325625419617,
-0.07876535505056381,
0.018992476165294647,
0.08644305914640427,
-0.012031658552587032,
-0.01279276143759489,
0.04967457428574562,
0.10700380802154541,
-0.05558526888489723,
0.028424818068742752,
0.00... |
the\tinfant’s\thunger,\tthe\tmother\twill\tnot\thave\tthe\tadvantage\tof\tincreased\tstimulation\tfrom\n\tthe\tinfant’s\nsuckling\tand\twill\tnot\tbe\table\tto\tkeep\tup\ther\tsupply\tto\tmeet\tthe\tbaby’s\tnutritional\tneeds.\tMany\nmothers\tdo\tnot\tunderstand\tthis\tconcept\tof\t“supply\tand\tdemand”\tand\tunintenti... | [
0.010813897475600243,
-0.02871544472873211,
0.07213284075260162,
-0.02955678664147854,
-0.1225990578532219,
0.02449154481291771,
0.07709234207868576,
-0.011213096790015697,
0.014716885052621365,
0.04991889372467995,
0.12723086774349213,
-0.03121134825050831,
0.04341617971658707,
-0.0126152... |
their\tbreastfeeding\trelationship.\nInitiation\tof\tbreastfeeding\nBreastfeeding\tis\ta\tlearned\tskill\tfor\tmother\tand\ther\tinfant.\tAll\tbabies\tshould\tbe\tput\tskin-to-skin\nimmediately\tafter\tbirth\tand\tremain\n\tin\tdirect\tskin-to-skin\tcontact\tuntil\tthe\tfirst\tfeed\tis\taccomplished\nor\tas\tlong\tas\t... | [
0.01667344756424427,
-0.004363523330539465,
0.10882049798965454,
-0.05012563243508339,
-0.08487541973590851,
0.02018699236214161,
0.05147385597229004,
-0.031606342643499374,
-0.04053109884262085,
0.07539229094982147,
0.12249904125928879,
-0.04901530593633652,
0.037510182708501816,
-0.00850... |
or\tas\tlong\tas\tthe\tmother\tdesires\t(\nWHO,\t2017\n;\t\nWHO,\t2018a\n).\tWithin\t48\tto\t96\thours\tafter\tbirth\tthe\nbreasts\tbecome\tfuller\tand\tfirmer\tas\tthe\tmilk\tvolumes\tincrease.\tSkin-to-skin\tcontact\tin\tthe\tfirst\thour\nimproves\tbreastfeeding\texclusivity\tand\tduration\tand\thelps\tto\tregulate\t... | [
-0.026652798056602478,
-0.007595277391374111,
0.06619493663311005,
-0.037951190024614334,
-0.08769264817237854,
-0.0029742850456386805,
0.09990742802619934,
0.0032725827768445015,
-0.02022596076130867,
0.036256127059459686,
0.09823007136583328,
-0.04193378612399101,
0.0486273393034935,
0.0... |
blood\tpressure\tof\tthe\tinfant.\n\tThis\tpractice\tis\trecommended\tregardless\tof\tdesired\tfeeding\tmethod.\nExclusively\tbreastfed\tbabies\tdo\tnot\tneed\tadditional\twater\tbecause\t87%\tof\tbreastmilk\tis\twater.\nHowever,\tcases\tof\thypernatremic\tdehydration\tin\tbabies\tcaused\tby\tsuboptimal\tbreastfeeding\... | [
-0.017429057508707047,
-0.07383958250284195,
0.04889803007245064,
-0.0338466539978981,
-0.0699472725391388,
0.003585723228752613,
0.058173373341560364,
0.07477281987667084,
-0.04699181765317917,
0.062129732221364975,
0.0884794369339943,
-0.060859862715005875,
0.006506794132292271,
0.085216... |
occur.\tMost\tcases\tare\tdue\tto\tlack\tof\tsupport\tfor\tmothers\twho\tfeel\tintimidated\tand\toverwhelmed\tat\ndelivery,\tlack\tbreastfeeding\teducation,\tand\tare\n\tunaware\tof\tthe\tconsequences\tof\tdehydration.\nExtreme\theat\tor\thot\tweather\talso\tmay\tincrease\tthe\tneed\tfor\tmore\tfrequent\tbreastfeeding\... | [
0.0035437375772744417,
0.024603893980383873,
0.12764470279216766,
-0.024814719334244728,
-0.029615111649036407,
0.05006388574838638,
0.01686038263142109,
-0.0210108682513237,
0.027497000992298126,
0.05533197149634361,
0.08187203109264374,
-0.0784909576177597,
0.05179852247238159,
0.0063446... |
dehydration.\tThe\tconsequence\tof\thypernatremic\tdehydration\tcan\tbe\tpermanent\tbrain\tdamage\tor\ndeath.\tTherefore\tit\tis\tvital\tthat\tan\texperienced\thealth\tcare\tprofessional\tevaluate\tthe\tbreastfeeding\nwithin\t2\tto\t4\tdays\tafter\tbirth;\tproblems\tidentified\tcan\tbe\taddressed\n\tand\ta\tplan\tof\tc... | [
0.037289299070835114,
-0.037671156227588654,
0.10304944962263107,
-0.010286173783242702,
-0.07466723024845123,
-0.010029319673776627,
0.11146286129951477,
-0.02223328687250614,
-0.009739949367940426,
0.06136704981327057,
0.08557029068470001,
-0.03489096835255623,
0.040543388575315475,
0.01... |
and\ta\tplan\tof\tcare\tcan\tbe\nimplemented\t(\nWHO,\t2018a\n).\nDuring\tthe\tfirst\tdays\tand\tweeks\tof\tbreastfeeding,\tmothers\tshould\tfeed\ton\tdemand\tor\t“on\tcue.”\nWatching\tand\tlistening\tto\tthe\tinfant\tguides\ta\tmother\tto\tknow\twhen\tto\toffer\ta\tfeeding.\tWhen\ta\nmother\tresponds\tto\ther\tinfant’... | [
-0.02217748761177063,
0.008666970767080784,
0.07740446925163269,
-0.042624957859516144,
-0.1457139551639557,
0.0237269289791584,
0.05028959736227989,
-0.011336377821862698,
0.010523396544158459,
0.03900111839175224,
0.1053374856710434,
-0.028643585741519928,
0.0720750242471695,
0.004245135... |
baby\tneeds,\tas\tlong\tas\tsupplements\tare\tavoided,\tand\tpacifiers\n\tare\tnot\tused\tto\t“mask”\tthe\tbaby’s\nhunger.\tA\tnewborn’s\tstomach\tis\tvery\tsmall\tand\tholds\tonly\tabout\ta\tteaspoon\tor\ttwo\tof\tfluid\tat\ta\ttime,\nmatching\tthe\tsmall\tamount\tof\tcolostrum\tavailable\tfrom\tthe\tmother.\tThe\tcol... | [
0.012215412221848965,
-0.034427907317876816,
0.05932844430208206,
-0.043603237718343735,
-0.10203859955072403,
0.018215032294392586,
0.05368968844413757,
-0.02092151530086994,
-0.017151838168501854,
0.09017260372638702,
0.07876592129468918,
-0.05213528871536255,
0.00841666292399168,
0.0101... |
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