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ETERNAL JUSTICE
The man is thought a knave or fool,
or bigot, plotting crime,
Who, for advancement of his kind,
Is wiser than his time.
For him the hemlock shall distil;
For him the axe be bared;
For him the gibbet shall be built;
For him the stake prepared.
Him shall the scorn and wrath of me
Pursue with deadly aim;
And envy, malice, spite and lies,
Shall decorate his name.
But truth shall conquer at the last,
For round and round we run
And ever the right comes uppermost,
And ever is justice done.
Pace through they cell, old Socrates,
Cherrily to and fro;
Trust to the impulse of the soul
And let the poison flow.
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36 EMANCIPATION AND COLONIZATION.
more value to the States and private persons concerned than are the institution
and property in it, in the present aspect of affairs?
While it is true that the adoption of the proposed resolution would be merely
initiatory, and not within itself a practical measure, it is recommended in the
hope that it would soon lead to important practical results. In full view of
my great responsibility to my God and to my country, I earnestly beg the attention
of Congress and the people to the subject.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
WASHINGTON, March 6, 1862.
JOINT RESOLUTION declaring that the United States ought to co-operate with, affording
pecuniary aid to, any State which may adopt the gradual abolishment of slavery.
Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled, That the United States ought to
co-operate with any State which may adopt gradual abolishment of slavery,
giving to such State pecuniary aid, to be used by such State in its discretion,
to compensate for the inconveniences, public and private, produced by such
change of system.
Approved April 10, 1862.
No. 2.
MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, TRANSMITTING A DRAFT
OF A BILL TO COMPENSATE ANY STATE WHICH MAY ABOLISH SLAVERY
WITHIN ITS LIMITS, AND RECOMMENDING ITS PASSAGE.
Fellow-citizens of the Senate and House of Representatives:
Herewith is a draft of a bill to compensate any State which may abolish
slavery within its limits, the passage of which, substantially as presented, I
respectfully and earnestly recommend.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
JULY 14, 1862.
A BILL providing for the payment of persons held to service or labor liberated by any
State.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled, That whenever the President of the
United States shall be satisfied that any State shall have lawfully abolished
slavery within and throughout such State, either immediately or gradually, it
shall be the duty of the President, assisted by the Secretary of the Treasury,
to prepare and deliver to such State an amount of six per cent. interest-bearing
bonds of the United States, equal to the aggregate value, at $-------- dollars per
head, of all the slaves within such State, as reported by the census of the
year one thousand eight hundred and sixty; the whole amount for any one
State to be delivered at once, if the abolishment be immediate, or in equal
annual instalments, if it be gradual; interest to begin running on each bond at
the time of its delivery, and not before.
And be it further enacted, That if any State, having so received any such
bonds, shall, at any time afterwards, by law reintroduce or tolerate slavery
within its limits, contrary to the act of abolishment upon which such bonds
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-11-
Ceylon there are sill wild elephants and leopards, many monkeys,
and some apes. Several tribes of strange great bats are also a
curiosity. It follows that the Buddhists do not believe in war
and are what we call "conscientious objectors." It is a pity that
some of the other great faiths did not join in this application of
"Thou shall not kill." The thinking, however, is strictly
founded on superstition and false beliefs.
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WAR POWERS OF CONGRESS. 53
The following extract is from 1 Kent's Com., p. 59--
"But however strong the current authority in favor of the modern
and milder construction of the rule of national law on this subject,
the point seems to be no longer open for discussion in this country;
and it has become definitively settled in favor of the ancient and
sterner rule by the Supreme Court of the United States. Brown v.
United States, 8 Cranch, 110; ibid. 228, 229.
"The effect of war on British property found in the United States
on land, at the commencement of the war, was learnedly discussed
and thoroughly considered in the case of Brown, and the Circuit Court
of the United States at Boston decided as upon a settled rule of the
law of nations, that the goods of the enemy found in the country, and
all vessels and cargoes found afloat in our ports at the commencement
of hostilities, were liable to seizure and confiscation; and the exercise
of the right vested in the discretion of the sovereign of the nation.
"When the case was brought up on appeal before the Supreme
Court of the United States, the broad principle was assumed that war
gave to the sovereign the full right to take the persons and confiscate
the property of the enemy wherever found; and that the mitigations
of this rigid rule, which the wise and humane policy of modern times
had introduced into practice, might, more or less, affect the exercise
of the right, but could not impair the right itself.
"Commercial nations have always considerable property in possession
of their neighbors; and when war breaks out, the question, What
shall be done with enemy property found in the country? is one rather
of policy than of law, and is one properly addressed to the consideration
of the legislature, and not to the courts of law.
"The strict right of confiscation of that species of property existed
in Congress, and without a legislative act authorizing its confiscation
it could not be judicially condemned; and the act of Congress in 1812
declaring war against Great Britain was not such an act. Until some
statute directly applying to the subject be passed, the property would
continue under the protection of the law, and might be claimed by the
British owner at the restoration of peace.
"Though this decision established the right contrary to much of
modern authority and practice, yet a great point was gained over the
rigor and violence of the ancient doctrine, by making the exercise of
the right depend upon a special act of Congress."
From the foregoing authorities, it is evident that the
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-6-
Many writers have called women "the practical sex". I hope that
when we act as voters, we shall live up to this name. The City Suffrage
Party through its Civic Survey Committee is going to help us all to
have a good idea of the actual conditions, political and social, that
surround us in our various Assembly Districts. It is not enough to know
about party platforms, about our candidates, we must also know what
things need changing, what need our continued support, how officials and
parties work out in practical fashion the theories they advocate.
David Starr Jordan has always said that men have the long range
of vision, and women the short, that men are more interested in natural
and international matters than in local affairs, while women take more
interest in what goes on in their backyards, streets, districts and
city. For this reason, women may supplement men and make our government
which is strong nationally and weak municipally, strong at every point.
The Civic Survey Committee will help us to perfect our "short range of
vision," so that we shall see clearly and intelligently just what the
conditions are that affect our lives and homes.
Thus we can see from this brief summing up that we have a full
program to carry out as members of the New York City Woman Suffrage Party.
When an army captures a city or a country, it does not rest idle. It makes
new laws, and institutions, through new labors and activities, it gets a
strong hold on the region of which it has taken possession. We have
won a land called Political Emancipation. Now we must work harder than
ever before to be worthy of its occupancy. Does this make some of you
who have toiled for years sigh? Phillips Brooks has said: "Do not pray
for easy lives, pray to be stronger men, do not pray for tasks equal to
your powers, pray for powers equal to your tasks."
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(Continued from page 36)
had endeared himself since the conflict ended. Only Saturday the Field Marshal made a public appearance as a patriot at a review of Boy Scouts, counseling the youngsters:
"Always play the game. Stand up for England when people speak disrespectfully of her. Try to realize what public service and citizenship really mean."
The King, the Prince of Wales, and such comrades of the World War as David Lloyd George and Marshal Foch of France, joined to-day in expressions of grief at the passing of the man who was the personification of British courage, a courage which proved unconquerable in the days when the fate of the world, threatened by militaristic rule, hung in the balance.
Earl Haig had been in ill health, and recently consulted doctors as to what he should do before he and Lady Haig left for a sojourn on the Riviera. Now his body, wrapped in the Union Jack, lies here awaiting a nation's homage, and above it is a wreath of crimson poppies from Flanders Field, the mournful tribute of the British Legion, to which Haig stood in a paternal role.
Earl Haig was sixty-six years old. During the day yesterday he had been in exceptionally buoyant spirits, seeming in fine health, and took a walk in Hyde Park. Shortly after midnight his brother, Captain Haig, and his brother-in-law, W.G. Jameson, heard strange noises in the Field Marshal's room. They found him lying on the floor, partially undressed. Apparently he had been seized with a heart attack, called for help, and then collapsed before any one could reach him. The household was immediately roused, and the butler called a doctor, but the man who had led the British troops to victory in the World War and thereafter proved the most influential and best friend of the British veterans, had passed away.
Throughout to-day hundreds of telegrams arrived at his Princes Gate, Hyde Park, home, conveying condolences to Lady Haig.
IN MEMORY OF EDITH CAVELL
Earl Haig and Earl Beatty representing England's Army and Navy, visiting the grave of the martyred nurse.
The literary Digest for February 18, 1928 41
She was not there but in Scotland, where their ten-year-old son born just before his father's greatest victory, in March, 1918 when he repelled the German smash toward the Channel ports, lies sick. The boy will inherit the title.
In addition to this son, the Earl leaves three daughters, the eldest of whom is twenty-one years, and the youngest nine. Lloyd George, the war Premier, paid this tribute to the departed solider to-night:
"He was a great patriot and a great gentleman. He faithfully carried out every policy laid down for him, whether he liked it or not, and especially showed his quality when he decided upon unity of command, and the British Army was placed under Marshal Foch. He was a man of unfailing courage and tenacity of purpose, who never lost heart during the worst moments of the war.
"One must admire the way he fought after the war in the cause of the men who stood by him in France, through his work for ex-service men."
It was this post war work of Haig which chiefly endeared him to the British public.
The official medical statement on Earl Haig's death reads, according to an Associated Press dispatch:
"The cause of death was sudden heart failure, the result of the effects of the war and previous tropical and campaigning services on the heart muscles."
A post-mortem examination was conducted, and it was decided that no inquest was necessary.
The King sent a personal message of condolence to Lady Haig, and in a court circular issued from Sandringham to-night, the Field Marshal's death is thus referred to:
"The King knows that the sudden and irreparable loss of this valuable life will be deeply felt throughout the whole empire by the Army, and more especially by Lord Haig's old comrades, to whose welfare he had devoted himself since the close of the Great War."
He was a member of the ancient and aristocratic family of Haig of Bemersyde, in Berwickshire,, which like many other Scottish clans, rose from the quarrels of Bruce and Baliol, relates The Herald Tribune, continuing:
Once established, the family was represented wherever the history of Scotland and, later, of England was being made. Haigs fought under Clive, Marlborough, and Wellington. In more peaceful times they were distillers, and prospered at the business through several centuries.
Douglas Haig was educated at Clifton, and at Brasenose College, Oxford, and then joined the Seventh Hussar Regiment of the British Army - that army, the "Old Contemptibles," which he was destined to lead to victory over the greatest military power the world ever had known.
His first field service was performed in the Sudan, when he
Celebrating the King's Birthday in Hyde Park. Haig, the cavalryman, is here seen to the best pictorial advantage at a brilliant "trooping of the colors" after the war.
IN MEMORY OF EDITH CAVELL
Earl Haig and Earl Beatty (right) representing England's Army and Navy, visiting the grave of the martyred nurse.
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[*267*]
SANITATION IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
SINCE AMERICAN OCCUPATION,
WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO REDUCTION IN MORTALITY
BY ELIMINATION OF INTESTINAL PARASITES,
ESPECIALLY UNCINARIA
VICTOR G. HEISER, M.D.
Passed Assistant Surgeon, Public Health and Marine-Hospital Service;
Chief Quarantine Officer and Director of Health for
the Philippine Islands and Professor of Hygiene,
Philippine Medical School
MANILA, P.I.
In response to the kind invitation of the Association
to prepare a paper on tropical sanitation, it was not considered
amiss to give a brief description of the work
which has been done in the Philippine Islands, in order
that the profession at home may be in a position to judge
whether the same high standard achieved in Cuba and
Panama and other American tropical possessions nearer
home has been reached there.
The Philippine Islands are so far away from the
United States and it so frequently happens that conditions
there are not known that I will take the liberty
of giving a brief description of the islands as they appeared
at the time the United States took possession of
them.
GEOGRAPHY OF THE ISLANDS
The group is composed of about three thousand
islands and extends from 21º 25' latitude to 4º 45' latitude,
and from 116º to 127º longitude, has an area
greater that the states of Pennsylvania, New York, New
Jersey and Maryland, and has a coast line equal to that
of the United States. There are two prevailing winds
during the year, one known as the northeast monsoon,
which blows almost continuously from November to
April, and the other known as the southwest monsoon,
which blows from April to November, the latter being
the period during which the destructive typhoons occur.
These conditions produce a climate which varies greatly
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THE BIBLE IN THE LEVANT:
OR THE
LIFE AND LETTERS OF THE
REV. C. N. RIGHTER,
AGENT OF THE AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY IN
THE LEVANT.
BY SAMUEL IRENÆUS PRIME.
NEW YORK:
SHELDON & COMPANY.
BOSTON: GOULD & LINCOLN.
1859.
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Philadelphia. Of the 133 assigned to my company, 58 were present
to be mustered out. Of the 35 field and line officers who joined the
regiment at its organization, only 14 were mustered out with it at
Philadelphia. Twenty-one had gone out through death, discharge, or
promotion. Among all the officers who served in this regiment from
first to last, I was the only Democrat, so far as my knowledge extended
on that subject. But politics cut no figure. The subject was never
mentioned, and no one in the regiment knew what my politics were, as
far as I ever learned.
CHAPTER IV
ISAAC SMITH
Few Pennsylvanians having a fair knowledge of the public men of
the state, are strangers to the name of Thaddeus Stevens. He was
born in Vermont in 1793, and graduated from Dartmouth College in
1814. Soon after leaving college he came to Pennsylvania, locating at
York, where he sustained himself by teaching school while he read law.
In 1833 he was elected to the legislature, remaining a member thereof
until 1838, when he was appointed a canal commissioner for the state.
In 1842 he removed to Lancaster, devoting himself closely to the practice
of law until 1848, when he was elected to congress, and remained a member
thereof until his death in 1868. He was one of the ablest men in
congress during the period of the civil war, and the three years following
its close, taking an active interest in all measures presented for the
emancipation of the negro, and for putting him in the field as a soldier.
He was chairman of the managers appointed by the lower house of
congress to present before the Senate the articles of impeachment
against President Andrew Johnson.
But what has this to do with Isaac Smith? Not much, only that
Isaac's mother was Thaddeus Stevens' colored housekeeper, of whom
much was said and written after Mr. Stevens' death.
Well, Isaac felt that he wanted to help put down the rebellion, and
so he enlisted as a soldier in 1963, in July, and got to Camp William
Penn in time to be put into the 6th U. S. Colored Troops, and along
with ninety-nine others, most of them better soldiers than himself, was
placed in Company D.
Isaac's mother was a devout Catholic, and like all good mothers
who belong to the church, tried to bring up her son in her own religion
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Southerners shuddered. For decades they had been defending their
"peculiar institution" of slavery against the ever-increasing attacks of
Northern abolitionists, but anti-slavery agitation had always followed a
course of non-violence. Then Brown had come with his pikes and guns
to change all that. In the false atmosphere of crisis that gripped the South
in the wake of the raid, the small voices of moderates were lost in the din
of extremists who saw Brown's act as part of a vast Northern conspiracy
to instigate servile insurrections throughout the slave States.
To meet this threat, real or imagined, vigilance committees were
formed, volunteer military companies were organized, and more and more
Southerners began to echo the sentiments of the Richmond Enquirer:
"If under the form of a Confederacy our peace is disturbed, our State
invaded, its peaceful citizens cruelly murdered...by those who should
be our warmest friends...and the people of the North sustain the
outrage, then let disunion come."
Disunion sentiment increased during the presidential campaign of
1860, stimulated by a split in the Democratic Party that practically
guaranteed a Republican victory in the November elections. When
Abraham Lincoln was elected President, the secessionist movement could
no longer be contained. On December 20, unable to tolerate a President
"whose opinions and purposes are hostile to slavery," South Carolina
severed her ties with the Union. By February 1, 1861, Mississippi, Florida,
Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas had followed her lead. One week
later the Confederate States of America was formed at Montgomery, Ala.,
and the country drifted slowly toward civil war. Before many months had
passed, soldiers in blue would be marching south to the tune of "John
Brown's Body" as if to fulfill the prophecy Brown had left in a note to one
of his Charles Town guards shortly before the execution:
Charlestown, Va, 2nd December, 1859
I John Brown am now quite certain that
the crimes of this guilty, land: will never be
purged away; but with Blood. I had as I now
think: vainly flattered myself that without very
much bloodshed; it might be done.
60
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Brother Ormond
New Orleans 29th Nov./52
My dearest Sister:
I had this pleasure on the 26th inst and
since then have been amusing myself by strolling about the
city, visiting the streets we often walked in together
which brought up pleasant recollections tinged with melancholy-
The old house we used to live in still remains,
though looking old and in a decayed condition- The hydrant
which caused me so much amusement is still there, the
balcony on which we passed so many pleasant evenings looks
rusty and tottering, all is there, yet how different from
what it used to be! I heard no gay and cheerful voice that once
was there to greet me- No! all looked sad and cheerless!=
The yard looked gloomy, and everything showed the signs of
age and neglect- Father was with me, and seemed to regret
that all had passed away like a dream- He spoke of the
happy days we once had had, and seemed melancholy and thoughtful-
He pointed out the old school house you attended, the
drug store at which we bought our bon bons and in fact every
spot which awakened reminiscencies of the past- Oh dear
Sister how often do I think of you; and how I long to have
you with me- The other night we attended the Opera, and
there saw many beautiful demoiselles decked in their most
beautiful attires- How often we spoke of and wished you
with us- Never mind dear Sister we will soon return and be
happy again though I shall always regret not having had you
here with me- There is not a day we do not think of you at
232
"Osborn 42"
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to the Infantry. Each arm and service was headed by a
Chief on the special staff level.
The Army school system was improved, particularly
in the tactical field, and new schools were established.
Notable among these were the Air Corps schools and
the Army Industrial College, established in 1924.
Placed on a firm basis was the Officer Reserve Corps.
Extension courses were introduced for inactive duty
training, and limited active duty tours were inaugurated.
Citizens Military Training Camps were established and
the Reserve Officers Training Corps program enlarged.
By 1935 enlisted strength of the Regular Army reached
a low of 118,000. Because of progressively dwindling
appropriations, most of the Army's work during the
period was theoretical rather than applied.
The Army did, however, effectively utilize its limited
available funds, which dipped to $277 million in 1934.
Great emphasis was given to joint planning, mobilization
planning, military organization, training literature,
boards for improvement of equipment, the higher education
of officer personnel, preservation of division-
sized units, and in general the modernization of the
Army plant. Unfortunately, resources available to the
Army were not increased when foreign policy began to
shift after 1932. Instead, under impact of the depression,
the Army was virtually demobilized and given only a
paramilitary mission with the Civilian Conservation
Corps and various relief agencies.
1939-45:
WORLD WAR II
By the late 1930's realistic plans for mobilizing American
manpower and industry had been evolved. The
framework of the Field Forces based on four field armies
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THE
AMERICAN ENGINEER,
DRAFTSMAN, AND MACHINIST'S ASSISTANT;
DESIGNED FOR
PRACTICAL WORKINGMEN, APPRENTICES,
AND THOSE INTENDED FOR
THE ENGINEERING PROFESSION.
ILLUSTRATED WITH
TWO HUNDRED ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD AND FOURTEEN LARGE ENGRAVED LITHOGRAPHIC PLATES
OF RECENTLY CONSTRUCTED
AMERICAN MACHINERY AND ENGINE-WORK.
BY
OLIVER BYRNE,
MATHEMATICIAN; CIVIL, MILITARY, AND MECHANICAL ENGINEER;
AUTHOR OF
"THE HANDBOOK FOR THE ARTISAN, MECHANIC, AND ENGINEER;"
"The Practical Model Calculator;" Compiler and Editor of the "Dictionary of Machines, Mechanics, Engine-work, and Engineering;" "The Pocket Companion for Machinists, Mechanics, and Engineers;" "The Practical Cotton Spinner;" "The Practical Metal-worker's Assistant;" Author and Inventor of the "Calculus of Form," a New Science, a substitute for the Differential and Integral Calculus; "The Doctrine of Proportion;" "The Elements of Euclid, by Colors;" "A Practical Treatise on Spherical Trigonometry;" "The New and Improved System of Logarithms;" "The Practical, Complete, and Correct Gauger;" "Lessons on Military Art and Science;" "Practical Short and Direct Method of Calculating Logarithms;" etc. etc. etc.;
SURVEYOR-GENERAL OF THE ENGLISH SETTLEMENTS IN THE FALKLAND ISLANDS; PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS IN THE COLLEGE FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS, LONDON; CONSULTING ACTUARY TO THE PHILANTHROPIC LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, ETC. ETC. ETC.;
INVENTOR OF
The Patent Calculating Instruments; A New Mathematical Instrument termed the Byrnegraph; A Mathematical Science termed the Calculus of Form; The Method of Teaching Geometry and other Linear Arts and Sciences by Colors; A New Theory of the Earth, which accounts for many Astronomical, Geographical, and Geological Phenomena, hitherto unaccounted for; etc. etc. etc.
PHILADELPHIA:
C. A. BROWN AND COMPANY,
N. W. CORNER OF FOURTH AND ARCH STREETS.
1853.
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[*No. 226
Filed May 11th, 1854
Edward Jenner Coxe, M. D.
Propr.*]
In publishing a fourth edition of this Medical Guide, much
enlarged and improved, it is only necessary to remark that
many subjects conducive to the preservation of health, and renovation
of an enfeebled constitution, unnoticed in the former
editions, have been introduced, adding, necessarily, to the value
of the work.
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1854,
BY EDWARD JENNER COXE, M.D.
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Eastern District
of Pennsylvania.
PHILADELPHIA:
G. T. STOCKDALE,
73 South Second Street.
LC
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Samuel Gridley Howe
Thomas Wentworth Higginson
Franklin B. Sanborn
George Luther Stearns
Gerrit Smith
Theodore Parker
The moral and financial backing of these men, known as "The Secret Six," made the raid on Harpers Ferry possible.
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THE BEE MANAGER:
WITH DIRECTIONS FOR
MAKING AND MANAGING
THE
VERMONT AND PERFECT BEE HIVES.
By C.G.C. [Author]
SECOND EDITION
GENEVA:
IRA MERRELL, PRINTER.
1844.
[*June 17. 1844*]
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Allgemeine
Beschreibung der Welt
oder
kurzgefasste Darstellung des Wiffenswürdigsten
aus der
Sternkunde, Naturgeschichte und
Erdbeschreibung.
Bearbeitet nach den neuesten und besten Duellen.
herausgegeben
von
Wilhelm Carmony und Heinrich Diezel,
Pottstown, Montgomery Co., Pa.
Zum Gebrauch der Deutschen in Amerika.
Philadelphia,
Bedruckt beii T. S. Wesselhoft,
Buchhandler und Buchdrucker.
1834.
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Catacombs, Etc.
To the Editor of "The Press."
Sir:-Kindly tell me where the cata-
combs of Rome and Paris were "built"
or dug; by whom and for what purpose.
Also, whose bones they contain and for
what reason? Is there any special rea-
son for the preservation and exhibition
of these grewsome remains of poor hu-
manity? How are these "dry bones"
prepared? Are they first buried and
resurrected again or are they boiled or
otherwise treated to divest them of their
flesh? Is there anything offensive in
smell to visitors to these gloomy cham-
bers except the sight and hideous sur-
roundings?
N.L.W.
Hammonton, N. J., Oct. 26, 1911
It is impossible to give any data of
the erection of the catacombs at Rome,
Paris, or, in fact, at any place where
they are located. Those in Paris were
original quarries which had existed upon
the city from the earliest time. In 1774
the Council of State issued a decree for
clearing the Cemetery of the Innocents
and for removing its contents, as well as
those of other graveyards, into these
quarries. These quarries-or catacombs,
as they were called-were consecrated
with great solemnity on April 7, 1786,
and the work of removal from the
cemeteries was immediately begun. The
bones were brought at night in funeral
cars, covered with a pall, and followed
by priests, chanting the service of the
dead. At first the bones were heaped
up without any kind of order except
that those from each cemetery were
kept separate, but in 1810 a regular sys-
tem of arranging them was commenced,
and the skulls and bones were built up
along the wall. From the main entrance
to the catacombs, which is near the
Barriers d'Enfer, a flight of ninety
steps descends, at whose foot galleries
are seen branching in various directions.
Some yards distant is a vestibule of
octagonal form, which opens into a long
gallery lined with bones from floor to
roof. The arm, leg and thigh bones
are in front, closely and regularly piled,
and their uniformity is relieved by three
rows of skulls at equal distances. This
gallery conducts to several rooms re-
sembling chapels, lined with bones vari-
ously arranged. One is called the "Tomb
of the Revolution," another the "Tomb
of Victims"-the latter containing the
relics of those who perished in the early
period of the Revolution and in the
"massacre of September." It is esti-
mated that the remains of fully three
million human beings lie in this re-
ceptacle.
Owing to the unsafe condition of the
roof admission to the catacombs has
been forbidden for years. Of the other
catacombs in existence, the most cele-
brated are those on the Via Appia, at a
short distance from Rome, where, it is
believed , the early Christians were in
the habit of retiring in order to cele-
brate their new worship in times of
persecution. These catacombs consist of
long, narrow galleries, usually about
eight feet high and five feet wide, which
twist and turn in all directions, very
much resembling mines, and at irregular
intervals into wide and lofty vaulted
chambers. The graves, where are buried
many of the saints and martyrs of the
primitive church, were constructed by
hollowing out of a portion of the rock at
the side of the gallery large enough to
contain a body. The catacombs at Naples
cut into the Capo di Monte, resemble
those at Rome, and evidently were used
for the same purpose, being in many
parts literally covered with Christian
symbols. In one of the large vaulted
chambers there are paintings which
have retained a freshness which is won-
derful. Similar catacombs have been
found at Palermo and Syracuse, and in
Greece, Asia Minor, Syria, Persia, Egypt
and in Peru and other parts of South
America.
The flesh of the bones has been dried
and decayed through the many cen-
turies since burial that nothing remains
but the bones, and there is an absence
of any odor other than that arising
from the dampness of these under-
ground vaults.
THE foundation stones of all literature,
of whatever type, class or period,
are the twenty-six letters of the
alaphabet-the A, B, C's of our stripling
days, and of all the building blocks of
childhood.
This collection of symbols-really a
growth-numbers twice a baker's dozen.
Some genius of a mathematician has
figured that these twenty-six letters may
be transposed 620,448,401,733,239,369,000
times.
Perhaps he made this calculation for
the special purpose of offering crumbs of
encouragement to budding or near-au-
thors, who, lacking breadth of vocabulary,
are often given to entertaining fears lest
the language prove too inelastic for the
full expression of their crowding
thoughts!
At any rate, the producer of these un-
thinkable figures has given us a certain
sort of food for thought.
If, with twenty-six letters, such a vast
number of combinations be possible, how
much may be done and in how many
different directions, by men and women
possessed of even so few as a dozen small
abilities!
Provided sincere effort is made to com-
bine these small powers in behalf of what
is worth while!
Ever since the chance opening of a vol-
ume of Victor Hugo's letters to his wife
revealed to me alphabetical wonders of
which I had never so much as dreamed, a
new interest has attached to the gay-
colored blocks with which my little ones
build castles of questionable architecture
and brief endurance.
In that collection of epistles such as
few wives have been privileged to receive
from absent husbands, is one written on a
certain 24th of September-year unknown
-at 7 o'clock in the morning. It is dated
'On the road to Aix-les-Bains," and is
so unusual and illuminating that it seems
a duty, as well as a pleasure, to repro-
duce it.
Here, then, is Hugo's description of the
alphabet:
In the distance, along the green and
rugged crests of the Jura, the yellow
beds of dried torrents in all directions
made Y's.
Have you ever noticed what a pic-
turesque letter Y is, with its number-
less significations?
A tree is a Y; the parting of two
roads is a Y; the confluence of two
rivers is a Y; an ass's or ox's head is
a Y; a glass as it stands on its foot is
a Y; a lily on its stem is a Y; a sup-
pliant raising his hands to heaven
is a Y.
Moreover, this observation may be
more broadly applied to whatever con-
stitutes human writing in last analysis.
Whatever is found in the demotic lan-
guage has been infused into it by the
hieratic language. The hieroglyph is
the compelling cause of the letter. All
letters were signs at first, and all signs
were images at first.
Human society, the world, man as a
whole, is in the alphabet. Masonry,
astronomy, philosophy, all the sciences
have here their point of departure. It
is imperceptible, but real; and this is
as it should be. The alphabet is a
fountain.
A is the roof, the gable with its cross
beam, the arch, arx; or it is the em-
brace of two friends, who kiss each
other with hands clasped; D is the
back; B is the D over the D, the back
over the back, the relief, the boss;
C is the crescent, it is the moon; E is
the basement, the right foot, the con-
sole and the stem, the architrave; all
ceiling architecture is here expressed in
a single letter; F is the gibbet, the
fork, furca; G is the horn; H is the
facade of the edifice, with its two
towers; I is the engine of war shoot-
ing forth its projectile; J is the
plough-share; it is also the horn of
plenty; K is the angle of relfection
equal to the angle of incidence,-one of
the keys of geometry; L is the leg and
the foot; M is the mountain, or it is
the camp, the tents standing in pairs;
N is the door, closed with its diagonal
bar; O is the sun; P is the porter,
standing with his load on his back; Q
is the hind-quarters with the tail; R
is repose,-the porter resting on his
staff; S is the serpent; T is the ham-
mer; U is the urn; V is the vase (hence
it comes that the two are frequently
confounded); Y is what I have just
told you; X is the crossed swords, it
is combat; who will be the victor?
no one knows; hence the hermetic
philosophers took X for the sign of
destiny; the algebraists for the sign of
the unknown; Z is the lightning, it is
God.
Thus we have, first, the house of man
and its architecture; then the body of
man, its structure and its deformities,
then justice, music, the church; war,
harvest, geometry; the mountain; the
nomadic life, the cloistered life; as-
tronomy; labor and repose; the horse
and the serpent; the hammer and the
urn; which, when turned top-side down
and joined together, make the bell;
trees, rivers, roads; finally destiny
and God,-that is what the alphabet
contains.
It may also be that for some of these
mysterious contrivers of the languages
that lie at the very base of the human
memory and which the human memory
forgets, the A, the E, the F, the H,
the I, the K, the L, the M, the N, the
T, the V, the Y, the X and the Z,
were nothing else than the various
members of the framework of the
temple.
So ends this remarkable letter; this un-
paralleled treatise on something one is
apt to regard as wholly commonplace and
without special meaning.
It is the special province of genius to
uplift the commonplace and illumine the
ordinary, making of them what this mas-
ter has made of the score-and-six sym-
bols with which the masses toy, -trivial-
ly, for the most part.
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1862-'63.] Document No. 1
I published an appeal to our people in behalf of their brothers in the field, and employed the militia officers for the collection of articles donated or sold; and though the response has been at once gratifying and patriotic, yet it is necessarily slow and uncertain; and I regret to say that the heroes of Boonsboro', Sharpsburg and other glorious fields, have suffered and are still suffering greatly for the wants of shoes and clothing. Every possible effort has been made for their relief; but while the agents of the Confederacy are allowed to carry our leather beyond our borders, it will be impossible to supply them. I earnestly recommend an embargo upon this article, as before mentioned.
I am gratified that I am able to state that the prospect of obtaining cotton cloths at reasonable rates, is better than it has been. The stockholders of the Rockfish manufacturing company, one of the largest and most enterprising in the State, have agreed to sell all their productions at 75 per cent upon cost, the rate allowed by the exemption bill, which will reduce the price about one-half; and some even or eight other companies have intimated an intention of following their praiseworthy example. We may reasonably hope that most of the other mills in the State can be induced to be likewise. The woolen factories seem more incorrigible. Some of them when asked to furnish their goods at 75 per cent. declined entirely, and others agree to do so by fixing enormous profits on the cost of the raw material and then adding the 75 per cent. on the finished article, making their profits even greater than before. It is greatly to be regretted that these most useful and to-be-cherished institutions should put themselves in a position, which will cause them to be execrated by our people on the return of peace. But as the free trade policy oppressed them in the time of peace, so they seem determined to have no mercy upon us during the existence of the war. I recommend them to your tender mercies gentlemen, and would respectfully suggest that you adopt such measures as may seem practicable for securing supplies to our ci-
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( FORM No. 8. )
RETURN OF MEN joined Company - Regiment of -, during the quarter ending the - day
of -, 186-.
No. Names. Rank.
Description.
Age.
Eyes.
Hair.
Complexion.
Feet.
Inches.
Where Born.
Town or County.
State or Kingdom.
Occupation.
Enlisted or Enrolled.
When.
Where.
By whom.
Period.
Mustered in.
When.
Where.
By whom.
Memoranda Concerning Reenlisted Men.
Number of Enlistments.
When last discharged.
Addit'l pay per month.
Remarks.
Station:
Date:
First Sergeant.
Commanding the Company.
Note 1. To be classed in the following order, viz: 1st. Recruits from Depots; 2d. Enlisted in the Regiment; 3d. Re-enlisted; 4th. By transfer; 5th. From missing in action; 6th. From desertion.
Note 2. This Return will be made out in duplicate by each Company Commander, both of Regulars and Volunteers, one copy to be sent to the Commanding Officer of the Regiment, and one to be retained. From these returns the regimental descriptive book
should be made up. See 4th clause, paragraph 88, Army Regulations, editon of 1861.
Note. 3. The column "Mustered-in" will be left blank for Regulars.
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THE
UNIVERSAL PATH-FINDER,
HOTEL GUIDE,
AND
POCKET COMPANION.
A Guide for all people, to all subjects, and to all lands.
THIRD EDITION.
NEW YORK:
PUBLISHED BY M. N. OLMSTED, AND T. A. WELWOOD.
26 MAIDEN LANE.
1868.
M. N. Olmsted
Proprietor
Filed Decr 2d 1867
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Ey 2 to James Eagan
to 2163 - South Salina St -
Syracuse - N.Y.
Mrs Emily Clark Griggs
41 - East 10th Street - New York
Cousin Nancy [Hause] Clark -
29
Beautiful travelling
dress good - of Mrs Wheeler's
at Lily Dale - it's name is
English Covert
Mark: Williamson
Law Book Co.
Publishers And
Stationers
11
Exchange Street
Rochester, N.Y.
1894
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(FORM NO. 19.)
ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES.
[Coat of Arms.]
CERTIFICATE OF DISABILITY FOR DISCHARGE.
_____ _____, of Captain _____ _____ Company, (_____,) of the
_____ Regiment of United States _____, was enlisted by ______ ______,
of the _____ Regiment of _____, at _____, on the _____ day of _____,
186_____, to serve _____ years; he was born in _____, in the State of
_____; is _____ years of age; _____ feet _____ inches high; _____ complexion,
_____ eyes, _____ hair; and by occupation when enlisted a
_____. During the last two months said soldier has been unfit for
duty _____ days.* _____ _____.
Station: _____ _____ _____,
Date: _____ _____ _____,
Commanding Company.
I CERTIFY, that I have carefully examined the said _____ _____,
of Captain _____ _____ Company, and find him incapable of performing
the duties of a soldier because of †_____ _____.
_____ _____,
_____ Surgeon.
DISCHARGED, this _____ day of _____, 186_____, at _____,
_____ _____.
_____ _____,
_____ _____,
Commanding the Reg't.
The soldier desires to be addressed at
Town ______, County _____, State _____.
* See Note 1. †See Note 2.
(DUPLICATES.)
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They admitted themselves to be inferiors; we barely acknowledge the whites as equals-perhaps not in every particular. They lamented their irrecoverable fate, and incapacity to redeem themselves and their race. We rejoice that, as their sons, it is our happy lot and high mission to accomplish that which they desired and would have done, but failed for want of ability to do.
Let no intelligent man or woman, then, among us be found at the present day exulting in the degradation that our enslaved parents would gladly have rid themselves had they have had the intelligence and qualifications to accomplish their designs. Let none be found to shield themselves behind the plea of our brother bondmen in ignorance ; that we know not mkat to do, nor rolere to go. We are no longer slaves, as were our fathers, but freemen, fully qualified to meet our oppressors in every relation which belong to the elevation of man, the establishment. sustenance, and perpetuity of a nation. And such a position, by the help of God, our common Father, we are determined to lake and maintain.
There is but one question prescuts itself for our serious consideration, upon which we must give a decisive reply: Will we tranernit, ad an inheritance to our children, the blessing of unrestricted civil liberty, or ball we entail upon them, as our only political legacy, the degradation and oppression left us by our fathers?
Shall we be persuaded that we can live and power nowhere but under the authority and power of our North American white oppressors; that this (the United States) is the country most, If not the only one, favorable to our improvement and progress? Are we willing to admit that we are incapable of self improvement, establishing for ourselves such political privileges, and making such internal improvements as we delight to enjoy after American white men have male them for themselves?
No! Neither is it true that the United States is the country best adapted to our improvement, But that country is the best in which our manhood, morally, mentally, and physically, can be best developed; in which we have an untrammeled right to the enjoyment of civil and religious liberty : and the West Indies, Central and South America present now such advantages superiorly preferable to all other countries.
That the continent of America was designed by Providence as a reserved asylum for the various oppressed people of the earth, of all races, seems very apparent.
From the earliest period after the discovery various nations sent a representative here, either as adventurers and speculators, or employed laborers, seamen, or soldiers, hired to work for their employers. And among the earliest and most numerous classes who found their way to the New World were those of the African race. And it has been ascertained, to our minds beyond a doubt, that when the continent was discovered there were found in the West Indies and Central America tribes of the black race, fine looking people, having the usual characteristics of color and hair, identifying them as being originally of the African race; no doubt being a remnant of the Africans who, with the Carthaginian expedition, were adventitionely east upon this continent in their memorable adventure to the « Great island," after suiling many miles distant to the west of
the " Pillar of Hercules," the present Straits of Gibraltar. We would not be thought to be superstitious when we say that in all this we can " see the finger of God." Is it not worthy of a notice here, that while the ingress of foreign whites to this continent has been voluntary and constant, and that at the black involuntary and but occasional, yet the whites in the southern part have decreased in number, degenerated in character, and become mentally and physically enervated? and imbecile: while the blacks and colored people have steadily, increased in numbers, regenerated in character, and have grown mentally and physically vigorous and active, developing every function of their manhood, and are now, in their elementary character, decidedly superior to the white race? So, then, the white race could never successfully occupy
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BEAUFORT NATIONAL CEMETERY, SOUTH CAROLINA. 19
No. Name. Rank Co. Regiment. Date of death. Sec. Grave. Remarks.
416. Bond, Herbert. do, Co. E —N. Y. independent battery. Sec 25. Grave 93.
417. Bazetti, Felix. do, Co. A —N. Y. independent battery. Sec 25. Grave 94.
418. Borouski, William. do, Co. H —N. Y. independent battery. Sec 25. Grave 100.
419. Bondy, John J. do, Co. C 48th New York volunteers. Sec 12. Grave 61.
420. Barrato, Cleto. do, Co. I 48th New York volunteers. Sec 12. Grave 62.
421. Baker, George A. do, Co. A 11th Maine volunteers. Sec 20. Grave 75.
422. Butler, Andrew. do, Co. K 55th Pennsylvania volunteers. Sec 24. Grave 47.
423. Barth, Adam. do, Co. H 52d Pennsylvania volunteers. Sec 24. Grave 21.
424. Beam, Jeremiah. do, Co. H 8th Maine volunteers. Sec 19. Grave 129.
425. Bradford, Franklin. do, Co. C 8th Maine volunteers. Sec 19. Grave 77.
426. Butler, Orrin A. Corporal, Co G 8th Maine volunteers. Sec 19. Grave 124.
427. Bartlett, Johnson. Private, Co. A 8th Main volunteers. Sec 19. Grave 104.
428. Bemer, Solomon. do, Co. I 8th Maine volunteers.
429. Black, Robert. do, Co. G 8th Maine volunteers. Sec 19. Grave 96.
430. Burns, Michael. do, Co. C 3d Rhode Island artillery. Sec 19. Grave 2.
431. Bettler, Henry. do, Co. C 85th Pennsylvania volunteers. Sec 37. Grave 89.
432. Bowers, W. H. do, Co. G 85th Pennsylvania volunteers. Sec 37. Grave 90.
433. Bolster, James. do, Co. E 115th New York volunteers. Sec 11. Grave 8.
434. Bowie, David. do, Co. B 115th New York volunteers. Sec 11. Grave 26.
435. Benson, J. B. Musician, Co. E 115th New York volunteers. Sec 11. Grave 29.
436. Brochers, John. Private, Co. I 1st N. Y. volunteer engineers. Sec 18, Grave 132.
437. Bracy, Marrion. do, Co. H 1st N. Y. volunteer engineers. Sec 28. Grave 138.
438. Bowers, Theodore. do, Co. H 7th Connecticut volunteers. Sec 36. Grave 91.
439. Byxbee, John. do, Co. C 7th Connecticut volunteers. Sec 36. Grave 77.
440. Barns, ----. do, Co. C 7th Connecticut volunteers. Sec 36. Grave 89.
441. Baker, Charles. do, Co. I 56th New York volunteers. Sec 25. Grave 21.
442. Bell, James M. do, Co. F 56th New York volunteers. Sec 25. Grave 55.
443. Brooks, Clark. do, Co. G 56th New York volunteers. Sec 25. Grave 66.
444. Broadhead, Simon V. do, Co. G 56th New York volunteers. Sec 25. Grave 51.
445. Baker, W. H. do, Co. I 97th Pennsylvania volunteers. Sec 37. Grave 17.
446. Baker, Geo. W. do, Co. C 144th New York volunteers. Sec 28. Grave 33.
447. Branch, Geo. L. F. Corporal, Co. C 40th Massachusetts volunteers. Sec 15. Grave 68.
448. Brown, Jackson. Private, Co. H 13th Indiana volunteers. Sec 8. Grave 14.
449. Borner, Fredric. do, Co. A 10th Connecticut volunteers. Sec 36. Grave 112.
450. Baker, Claudius. do, Co. C 169th New York volunteers. Sec 25. Grave 79.
451. Bartlett, A. W. Corporal, Co. A 1st Massachusetts cavalry. Sec 13. Grave 27.
452. Boynton, Andrew H. Private, Co. D 15th Iowa volunteers.
453. Bancher, Henry. Corporal, Co. A 2d Kentucky cavalry.
454. Burnett, Francis M. Private, 18th Missouri volunteers.
455. Baywell, A. J. do, Co. D 56th Illinois volunteers. Sec 7. Grave 53.
456. Bartholomew, Nath'l S. do, Co. B 16th Iowa volunteers.
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"Elder Whitker," may be considered the "John Wesley" of American Shakers.
1787 Aug 11th Nova Scotia, The first colonial sec of the Angelican Church erected.
1788 The new constitution ratified by all the states except Rhode Island.
1789 March 3rd. The first Congress under the new constitution meets.
1789 April 16th George Washington declared first President of the United States.
1789 April 16th John Adams declared Vice President of the United States.
1789 The President's March, now called "Hail Columbia", composed by a German named "Fyles" [Phile] and dedicated by him in compliment to George Washington on his first visit to the "John Street Theatre, " after his after his inauguration at New York City.
1789 Cincinnati settled by immigrants from New England and New Jersey.
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THE NEGRO AS SOLDIER 161
CAMP WILLIAM PENN
Training camp for colored troops enlisted into the United States Army,
located in Cheltenham Township, Montgomery County, Pa.
(From a contemporary lithograph.)
experience. En route some were stricken with seasickness, but
upon arrival all were able to begin immediately the march of some
twenty miles up the Peninsula to a camp just below the historic
village of Yorktown. Here Ames's men spent their first night on
Virginia soil. Here, except for minor forays, they were to remain
until the latter part of April, 1864. (10)
Meanwhile, other colored troops were arriving on the Peninsula
and in November Major General Benjamin F. Butler was assigned
to command the 18th Army Corps and the Department of Virginia
and North Carolina. Butler's assignment was part of a reorganization
of the Union forces in the east, preparatory to a giant
offensive against the Confederacy's capital city of Richmond. The
4th and 5th regiments of colored troops were now brigaded with
the 6th. All three were assigned to Colonel Samuel A. Duncan and
placed in Butler's 18th Army Corps. (11)
Little company and regimental drill had been possible at Camp
Penn. Consequently the men of the 6th Regiment were still raw
recruits when they reached Virginia. During the first two months
after their arrival Ames and his company commanders taught
their troops the rudiments of military living. The weary round of
camp life consisted of guard mounting in the morning, the interminable
tramp of sentinels on their beats, the marching of men
(10) Recollections, 5-7; Benjamin Quarles, The Negro in the Civil War
(Boston, 1953), 186-187; Binder, "Pennsylvania Negro Regiments in the
Civil War," loc. cit., 398; Bates, History of Pennsylvania Volunteers, V, 953.
(11) Recollections, 5-6, 10; ORA, Ser. I, Vol. XXII, Pt. 1, 5, 29, and Pt. 2,
397. During the next year other colored units were moved in and out of
Duncan's brigade, the 22nd being one of them, and the brigade's number was
changed several times. The 4th, 5th, and 6th regiments, however, were
generally kept together.
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PUNISHMENT OF TREASON. 93
CHAPTER V.
RIGHT OF CONGRESS TO DECLARE BY STATUTE THE PUNISHMENT
OF TREASON, AND ITS CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS.
TREASON.
THE highest crime known to the law is treason. It is
"the sum of all villanies;" its agents have been branded
with infamy in all countries where fidelity and justice
have respect. The name of one who betrays his friend
becomes a byword and a reproach. How much deeper
are the guilt and infamy of the criminal who betrays
his country! No convict in our State prisons can have
fallen so low as willingly to associate with a TRAITOR.
there is no abyss of crime so dark, so horrible, as that
by which the traitor has descended. He has left forever
behind him conscience, honor, and hope.
ANCIENT ENGLISH DOCTRINE OF CONSTRUCTIVE TREASON.
Treason, as defined in the law of England, at the
date of the constitution, embraced many misdemeanors
which are not now held to be crimes. Offences of a political
character, not accompanied with any intention to
subvert the government; mere words of disrespect to
the ruling sovereign; assualts upon the king's officers
at certain times and places; striking one of the judges
in court; and many other acts which did not partake
of the nature of treason, were, in ancient times, declared
treason by Parliament, or so construed by judges, as
to constitute that crime. Indeed, there was nothing to
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S. WPs. acc. with F.S. W.R.s fund
1858
Recd 100 shares
Concord RR ($50 her)
Nov Dividend (?) $200
'59 May Divd 200, Nov 20 200 $400
'60 Sold 20 shares ($50) $1120
May dividend $160
June 5th sold 20 shr (55 1/2) $1110
Nov Dividend $120
1861 Jan sold 20 shr (55 1/2) $1110
May dividend $80
Nov, (?) 60, May '62, '80 $140
1863 May (?) $160
Recd of Jo(?) (Esteemed) $18.75
of acct $4
1864 May (?) $160
'65 " " $160
'66 " " $160
'67 May dividend $100
sold 20 shares $1400
Nov dividend $50
'68 May (?) $100
'69 May $50
1859
July 6 ps S.B. Anthony 300
Augt 2(?) sent west for her 181
Nov 11 ps S.B. Anthony 300
1860
(?) 31 pd S.B. Anthony 500
(?) 19 on(?) A.B. Blackwell 150
20 on (?) S.B. Anthony 500
(?)17 S.E. Wattles 200
E.A. Luhreus 100
May 5 Paul Yerringston 43.19
April " S.B. Anthony 393.66
June 6 " " 345
19 Higginson 20
Nov 17 (?) Gutler 200
26 W. Jones 100
Nov 5 Yerringston 65
Dec " 124 67
'24 M. Grew 10
'31 L. Mott Mlaucy 50
1861
Jan (?) W. Jones 400
Feb Miss Brummell 10
(?) O. Johnston (?) 60
(?) 2 W Cutler 50
May (?) W. jones 318
Taxes 33
" 43.65
1866
July 2 S.B. Anthony 100
'29 " 100
Mh (?) 21 " 131
tax 19.50
Nov 15 S.B. Anthony 300
186(?)
(?) 14 " 500
Sept 20 L-Stone 1000
Nov. 19. " " 500
1868 (?)15 " 18
Taxes 41.70
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Deposd Oct. 23. 1852.
David B. Tower & Cornelius Walker, Authors
See Vol. 27, Page 462
A SEQUEL
TO THE
GRADUAL READER.
BY
DAVID B. TOWER, A. M.,
PRINCIPAL OF THE PARK LATIN SCHOOL,
AND
CORNELIUS WALKER, A. M.,
PRINCIPAL OF THE WELLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL.
NEW YORK:
DANIEL BURGESS & CO., 60 JOHN STREET,
Late CADY & BURGESS.
1852.
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[*Fol. 28*] printed at pages 93 and 94.
A later agreement and assignment between
Mrs. Catt and Mr. Follin are printed at pages 96 to 100.
both inclusive, such latter having been made and entered
into by reason of the refusal of the executers to pay cut
any sum to Mr. Follin under the first agreement with him.
TWENTY--THIRD : -- I proposed to the Referee as finding
of fast the following :
(1)
"That by intrument which is in evidence bearing
date December 4. 1914, to which are parties Carrie H. Wrenn
[*29*] and Carrie Chapman Catt, that said Carrie Chapman Catt
agree to transfer and assign to said Carrie H. Wrenn out
of the share of said residency of said estate the sum of
$175,000 subject only, however, to the payment of
inheritance tax (which for the purpose of said agreement
is fixed at $15,000) and agrees that said sum, to wit,
the pet amount of $160,000 may be paid to Carrie H. Wrenn
by the executers of said estate and did by said instrument
direct the executors of said estate to pay said net sum of
$160,000 to said Carrie H. Wrenn. it being understood and
agreed in said instrument in writing that no transfer tax
[*30*] except as therein provided should be paid by said assignee
from or out of said sum."
"Found.–– C.F.B."
That no claim has ever been made (to deponent's
knowledge) that either Mrs. Catt or Mrs. Wrenn stipulated
for a sum to be paid larger than $160,000, nor that Mrs. Catt
directed the executor or consented to a larger amount than: -
"the said sum, to wit the net amount of $160,000."
That said contract does not stipulate for any
interest; and in the preparation of same this dependent had
10)
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5
the accused, Captain C. H. Nichols, 6th Connecticut Volunteers, as
follows:
CHARGE I
Of the 1st Specification, "Guilty."
Of the 2d Specification, "Not Guilty."
Of the 3d Specification, "Guilty."
Of the CHARGE, "Guilty."
CHARGE II.
Of the Specification, "Guilty."
Of the CHARGE, "Guilty."
CHARGE III.
Of the Specification, "Guilty."
Of the CHARGE, "Guilty."
SENTENCE
And the Court does therefore sentence him, Captain C. H. Nichols,
6th Connecticut Volunteers, "To be cashiered."
III.. Before a General Court Martial, which convened at Headquar-
ters, U. S. Forces, Folly Island, South Carolina, May 8, 1863, pursuant
to General Orders, No. 4, dated Headquarters, U. S. Forces, Folly
Island, South Carolina, April 25, 1863, and of which Major EDWARD
CAMPBELL, 85th Pennsylvania Volunteers, is President was arraigned
and tried--
Private Lawrence Toney, Company "D," 100th New York Volun-
teers.
CHARGE I.-- "Disobedience to orders while in the presence of the enemy."
Specification-- "In this; that the said Lawrence Toney, while on duty reconnoitering the enemy's position, being ordered by his com-
manding officer, Captain L. S. Payne, (the said officer being in
the discharge of his duties,) to cross a certain causeway and
bridge leading from Cole's Island to James' Island, and after pro-
ceeding a portion of the way, did leave the ranks and of the
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THE
WESTERN GAZETTEER ;
OR
EMIGRANT'S DIRECTORY.
CONTAINING
A GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION
OF THE
WESTERN STATES AND TERRITORIES, VIZ.
THE STATES OF
KENTUCKY, INDIANA, LOUISIANA, OHIO, TENNESSEE
AND MISSISSIPPI:
AND THE TERRITORIES OF
ILLINOIS, MISSOURI, ALABAMA, MICHIGAN, AND
NORTH-WESTERN.
WITH
AN APPENDIX,
CONTAINING SKETCHES OF SOME OF THE WESTERN COUNTIES OF NEW-YORK,
PENNSYLVANIA, AND VIRGINIA ; A DESCRIPTION OF THE GREAT
NORTHERN LAKES, INDIAN ANNUITIES, AND DIRECTIONS
TO EMIGRANTS.
BY SAMUEL R. BROWN.
AUBURN, N. Y.
PRINTED BY H. C. SOUTHWICK,
1817.
Let the Certificate be dated on
Monday next, June 9, 1817.
be deposited in the Clerk's Office
of this Dis. Court of the U. States
in the names of S. R. Brown
and H. C. Southwick as Proprietors.
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Anthony Standing Fund
BILLS RECEIVABLE
Date Name Dolls. Cts.
1896 Dr. Cordelia Green 500.00
Dormitizer 100.00
1900 Lucy Boardman [?] 100.00
" Mrs. Ellen R. Brayier 100.00
" " Ermina J. Bartol 200.00
" Alice A. Tollefson 2.00
" Adelaide Wilson 5.00
" Mrs. L. Condon Hendrick 5.00
" A. Fremd - Wash J.L. .50
" Mrs. E. K. Temple 1.00
" (Coulterville - Ill. P.E.C.) 2.80
(Mrs. M. J. Jones)
Mass. National L.A.H. 5.00
" Phelps P.E. Club, P.Q.H. 2.00
Lucy P. Allen - Euston N.J. 8.00
" Mr. Quincey Shaw 1000.00
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THEORY OF MORALS:
AN INQUIRY
CONCERNING
THE LAW OF MORAL DISTINCTIONS
AND THE
VARIATIONS AND CONTRADICTIONS
OF
ETHICAL CODES.
______________
BY RICHARD HILDRETH.
______________
"For to say that a blind custom of obedience should be a surer obligation than duty taught and understood, it is to affirm that a blind man may tread surer by a guide than a seeing man can by a light."
BACON.-"Of the ADvancement of Learning," Book. 1
_________________________
BOSTON:
CHARLE C. LITTLE AND JAMES BROWN.
1844
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every precaution of the situation and fortified the city with
earth works ten feet high and a ditch 9 feet deep and 12 feet
wide. the rebel commander fought with desperate tenacity
day and night. the federal commander had to succumb, having
exhausted all his ammunitions and was without food &
water for almost three days. also the number of troops (3000)
was inadequate to continue the struggle longer, even if they had
the munitions. Genl. Price refused to accept Col Mulligans sword
"declaring the he was too brave an officer to be deprived of his
arms, and well deserved to keep them" Union loss 100 killed,
200 wounded. Rebel loss 1000 [?] killed and 1 wounded.
1861. Oct 3rd Genl. Reynolds made a recommissioned in force, of the enemys
position at Greenbrier --- the confederate Army under
Genl. Sterling Price. evacuate Lexington City Mo.
1861. Oct 5th The U.S. Steamer Monticello shelled the rebels under Genl.
Barlow at Chicama [?] and drove them to their boats.
1861. Oct 7 The iron clad steamer 'Merrimac' made its first appearance
on Hampton Roads, and within sight of Fortress Monroe
1861. Oct 9 The rebels made an attach on "Santa Rosa" Island, Fla.
but were repulsed with severe loss. Union loss 13 killed, 21 wounded.
1861. Oct 11 Rebel Steamer "Theadore," escaped from Charleston S. C.
with "Mason" and "Slidell" on board.
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APPENDIX.
[General Orders No. 91.]
WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE,
Washington, May 12, 1865.
Order organizing Bureau of Refugees, Freedman, and Abandoned Lands.
I. By direction of the President, Major General O. O. Howard is assigned to duty in the
War Department as Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned
Lands, under the act of Congress entitled "An act to establish a bureau for the relief of
freedmen and refugees," to perform the duties and exercise all the rights, authority, and
jurisdiction vested by the act of Congress in such Commissioner. General Howard will enter
at once upon the duties of Commissioner specified in said act.
II. The Quartermaster General will, without delay, assign and furnish suitable quarters
and apartments for the said bureau.
III. The Adjutant General will assign to the said bureau the number of competent clerks
authorized by the act of Congress.
By order of the President of the United States:
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant General.
Act referred to in General Orders No. 91, (A. G. O.,) 1865.
AN ACT to establish a bureau for the relief of freedmen and refugees.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, That there is hereby established in the War Department, to continue
during the present war of rebellion, and for one year thereafter, a Bureau of Refugees,
Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, to which shall be committed, as hereinafter provided, the
supervision and management of all abandoned lands, and the control of all subjects relating
to refugees and freedmen from rebel States, or from any district of country within the
territory embraced in the operations of the army, under such rules and regulations as may
be prescribed by the head of the bureau and approved by the President. The said
bureau shall be under the management and control of a commissioner, to be appointed by
the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, whose compensation shall
be three thousand dollars per annum, and such number of clerks as may be assigned to him
by the Secretary of War, not exceeding one chief clerk, two of the fourth class,
two of the third class, and five of the first class. And the commissioner, and all persons
appointed under this act, shall, before entering upon their duties, take the oath of
office prescribed in an act entitled "An act to prescribe an oath of office, and for other
purposes," approved July second, eighteen hundred and sixty-two; and the commissioner
and chief clerk shall, before entering upon their duties, give bonds to the Treasurer of the
United States, the former in the sum of fifty thousand dollars, and the latter in the sum of
ten thousand dollars, conditioned for the faithful discharge of their duties, respectively,
with securities to be approved as sufficient by the Attorney General, which bonds shall be
field in the office of the First Comptroller of the Treasury, to be by him put in suit for the
benefit of any injured party upon any breach of the conditions thereof.
SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of War may direct such issues of
provisions, clothing and fuel as he may deem needful for the immediate and temporary
shelter and supply of destitute and suffering refugees and freedmen, and their wives and
children, under such rules and regulations as he may direct.
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the President may, by and with the advice and
consent of the Senate, appoint an assistant commissioner for each of the States declared to
be in insurrection, not exceeding ten in number, who shall, under the direction of the commissioner,
aid in the execution of the provisions of this act; and he shall give a bond to the
Treasurer of the United States, in the sum of twenty thousand dollars, in the form and man-
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Las Novedades
PAX ANIMAE. -- Despues de leer a dos poetas.
Manuel Guiterrez Najera (Mexico).
Ni una palabra de dolor blasfemo!
Se altivo, se gallardo en la aida,
Y ve, poeta, con desdén supremo
Todas las injusticias de la vida!
No busques la constancia en los amores,
No pidas nada eterno a los mortales,
Y haz, artista, con todos tus dolores
Excelsos monumentos sepulcrales.
En marmol blanco tus estatuas labra,
Castas en la actitud, aunque desnudas,
Y que duerma en sus labios la palabra...
Y se muestren muy tristes... pero mudas!
El nombre!... Debil vibracion sonora
Que dura apenas un instante! El nombre!...
Idolo torpe que el Huso adora!
Ultima y triste vanidad del hombre!
A que pedir justicia ni clemencia
-- Si las niegan los propios compañeros --
A la glacial y muda indiferencia
De los desconcidos venideros?
A que pedir la compasión tardia
De los extraños que la sombra esconde?
Duermen los ecos en la selva umbria
Y nadie, nadie a nuestro voz responde!
En esta vida el unico consuelo
Es acordarse de las horas bellas,
Y alzar los ojos para ver el cielo...
Cuando el cielo esta azul o tiene estrellas.
Huir del mar y en el dormido lago
Disgrutar de las ondas el reposo...
Dormir... sonar... el Sueno, nuestro mago.
Es un sublime y santo mentiroso!
Ay! Es verdad que en el honrado pecho
Pide venganza la reciente herida...
Pero... perdona el mal que te hayan hecho!
Perdonalos, no saben lo que hacen!
Acaso esos instintos herardaron,
Y son los dolor, para la muerte nacen...
De razas o de estirpes que pasaron
Acumulando todos los rencores.
Eres acaso el juez? El impecable?
Tu la justicia y la piedad reúnes?
... Que no es un fugitivo responsable
De alguno o muchos crímenes impunes?
Quien no ha mentido amor y ha profanado
De una alma virgen el sagrario augusto?
Quein esta cierto de no haber matado?
Quien pude ser el justiciero, el justo?
Lastimas y perdón para los vivos!
Y asi, de amor y mansedumbre llenos,
Seremos cariñosos, compasivos...
Y alguna vez, acaso buenos!
Padeces? Busca a la gentil amante,
A la impasible e immortal belleza,
Y ve apoyado, como Lear errante,
En tu joven Cordelia: la tristeza.
Mira: se aleja perezoso el dia...
Que bueno es descansar! El bosque obscuro
Nos arrulla con languida armonia...
El agua es virgen. El ambiente es puro.
La luz, cansada, sus pupilas cierra;
Se escuchan melancólicos rumores,
Y la noche, al bajar, dice a la tierra:
-- Vamos... ya esta... ya duérmete... no llores!
Recordar... Perdonar... Haber amado...
Ser dichoso un instante, haber creído...
Y luego... reclinarse fatigado
En el hombro de nieve del olvido.
Sentir eternamente la ternura
Que en nuestras fechas jóvenes palpita,
Y recibir, si llega, la ventura,
Como a hermos que viene de visita.
Siempre escondido lo que mas amamos;
Siempre en los labios el perdón risueño;
Hasta que al fin, oh tierra! a ti vayamos
Con la invencibi laxitud del sueno!
Esa ha de ser la vida del que piensa
En lo fugaz de todo lo que mira,
Y se detiene, sabio, ante la inmensa
Extension de tus mares, oh Mentira!
Coje las flores, mientras haya flores,
Perdona las espina a las rosas...
También se van y vuelan los dolores
Como turbas de negras mariposas!
Ama y perdona. Con valor resiste
Lo injusto, lo villano, lo cobarde...
Hermosamente pensativa y triste
Esta la caer la silenciosa tarde!
Cuando el dolor mi espíritu sombrea
Busco en las cimas claridad y calma,
Y una infinita compasión albea
En las heladas cumbres de mi alma!
Speak not a word of wild, blaspheming grief!
Be proud, be brave, though fallen in the strife!
And gaze, o poet, with supreme disdain
On all the dark injustices of life!
Thou shalt not seek for constancy in love,
Nor aught eternal from frail mortals ask;
To rear sepulchral monument or high
From all thy griefs, O artist, be thy task!
Chisel thy statues out of marble white
Forms chaste of mien, though naked to the air;
And let speech slumber on their sculptured lips;
Let them stand deeply sad, yet silent there.
A name! A sounding echo on the air,
Fleeting and frail, its life a moment's span!
A dreamer's foolish idol! Name and fame!
This is the last sad vanity of man.
Why should we justice ask, or clemency, --
If our own comrades here deny our plea --
From the indifference, mute and icy-cold,
Of unknown men, to live days to be:
Tardy compassion why should we implore
From strangers hid in shadow one and all?
The echoes sleep within the darksome wood,
And no one, no one answers to our call.
The only consolation in this life
Is to remember happy hours and fair,
And lift our eyes on high to view the skies
When skies are blue or stars are shining there
To flee the sea, and on the sleeping lake
Enjoy the waters' calm, the peaceful time;
To sleep -- to dream -- our wizard strong, the dream,
Is a deceiver holy and sublime!
'Tis true alas! that in the honest breast
The fresh wound calls for vengeance and for strife;
But yet -- forgive the evil they have done!
All suffer from the malady of life.
The very men who crown themselves with flowers
Are born to sorrow, and to perish, too.
If those you love the most betray your trust,
Forgive them, for they know not what they do.
Perhaps those instincts they inherited,
And they avenge unknowingly to-day
Races that gathered on their hapless heads
All griefs and hatreds ere they passed away.
Art thou perchance the judge -- the sinless one?
Do justice and sweet mercy meet in thee?
Ah, who is not a fugitive that bears,
The weight of crimes unpunished, guiltily?
Who has not feigned to love -- dared with false vows
Into a maiden's holy soul to steal?
Who can be sure that he has never killed?
Who is the just man, that may justice deal?
Pity and pardon for all those that live!
So, full of love, in mild and gentle mood,
We shall be tender and compassionate,
And haply, haply, some time shall be good!
Friend, dost thou suffer? Seek thy sweetheart fair
in deathless beauty free from pain and fear --
Live leaning on thy sadness, as of old
On young Cordelia leaned the wandering Lear.
See, far and farther ebbs the dying day!
How good it is to rest! In shade obscure
The woodland lulls us with a music soft;
Virgin the water is, the air is pure.
Weary, her eyes the light is closing now;
Sad murmurs sound, and many a mournful sigh.
The night, descending, to the earth says, "Come!
'Tis over. Go to sleep, and do not cry!
To recollect -- forgive -- have loved, believed,
And had brief happiness our hearts to bless,
And soon, grown weary, to recline against
The snowy shoulder of forgetfulness!
To feel forevermore the tenderness
That warmed our youthful bosoms with its flame,
Receiving happiness, if it should come,
Like a glad visit from some beauteous dame;
To hold still hidden that which most we love --
Smiling forgiveness on our lips to keep --
Until at last, O earth! we come to thee
In the complete abandonment of sleep:
This ought to be the life of him who thinks
How transient all things are that meet his eyes,
And wisely, stops before the vast expanse
Of falsehood's ocean that around him lies,
Gather the flowers, while there are flowers to pluck;
Forgive the roses for their thorny guise!
Our sorrows also pass away and fly,
Flitting like swarms of dark-winged butterflies.
Love and forgive! Resist with courage strong
The wicked, the unjust, the cowardly.
The silent evening, when it settles down
Pensive and sad, is beautiful to see!
When sorrow dims my spirit on the heights
I seek for calmness and for shining light
Upon the frozen summits of my soul
Infinite pity spreads its hue of white.
Version by ALICE STONE BLACKWELL.
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OF THE RIFLE MUSKET. 15
APPENDAGES FOR RIFLE MUSKET
MODEL OF 1863.
Fig. 43.
Fig. 43. Compound appendage, full size, embracing the vise for mainspring; cone-wrench; 3 screwdrivers; tumbler-punch; vent-wire; wiper and ball-screw, viz: a, screwdriver for but, tang, and guards crews; b, b, mainspring vise; c. hole for screw; d, d, cone-wrench; e, tumbler-punch; f, vent-wire; g, screw; h, nut; i, wiper and ball-screw; k, k, screwdrivers for lock screws.
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COMMENTARIES
ON THE LAW OF
PROMISSORY NOTES,
AND
GUARANTIES OF NOTES,
AND
CHECKS ON BANKS AND BANKERS.
WITH
OCCASIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS FROM THE COMMERCIAL LAW OF
THE NATIONS OF CONTINENTAL EUROPE.
BY JOSEPH STORY, LL. D.,
ONE OF THE JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES,
AND DANE PROFESSOR OF LAW IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY.
" Item in his contractibus alter alteri obligatur de eo, quod alternum alteri ex bono et æquo præstare oportet." -- DIG., Lib. 44, tit. 7, 1. 2, ø 3.
" Tam rigida istius obligationis presequutio est inventa, ut Mercatores tanto tutius
fidem aliorum sequi possent."-- HEINECC., De Camb., cap. 5, ø 1.
THIRD EDITION.
BOSTON:
CHARLES C. LITTLE AND JAMES BROWN.
M DCCC LI.
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SHILOH • VALLEY • MANASSAS • ANTIETAM
• FREDERICKSBURG • MURFREESBOROUGH •
CHANCELLORSVILLE • GETTYSBURG • VICKSBURG
• CHICKAMAUGA • CHATTANOOGA
• WILDERNESS • ATLANTA • SPOTSYLVANIA
• COLD HARBOR • PETERSBURG •
SHENANDOAH • FRANKLIN • NASHVILLE •
APPOMATTOX
INDIAN WARS
14 Streamers -- Scarlet with two black stripes
MIAMI • TIPPECANOE • CREEKS • SEMINOLES
• BLACK HAWK • COMANCHES •
MODOCS • APACHES • LITTLE BIG HORN •
NEZ PERCES • BANNOCKS • CHEYENNES •
UTES • PINE RIDGE
WAR WITH SPAIN
3 Streamers -- Yellow with two blue stripes
SANTIAGO • PUERTO RICO • MANILA
CHINA RELIEF EXPEDITION
3 Streamers -- Yellow with blue edges
TIENTSIN • YANG-TSUN • PEKING
PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION
11 Streamers -- Blue with two red stripes
MANILA • ILOILO • MALOLOS • LAGUNA
DE BAY • SAN ISIDRO • ZAPOTE RIVER •
CAVITE • TARLAC • SAN FABIAN • MINDANAO
• JOLO
MEXICAN EXPEDITION
1 Streamer -- Yellow with one blue stripe
and green borders
MEXICO 1916-1917
WORLD WAR I
13 Streamers -- Double rainbow
CAMBRAI • SOMME DEFENSIVE • LYS •
AISNE • MONTDIDIER-NOYON • CHAMPAGNE-MARNE
• AISNE-MARNE • SOMME
OFFENSIVE • OISE-AISNE • YPRES-LYS • ST.
MIHIEL • MEUSE-ARGONNE • VITTORIO
VENETO
WORLD WAR II
38 Streamers
ASIATIC-PACIFIC THEATER
21 Streamers -- Orange with two white, red,
and white stripe groupings; with
blue, white, red stripes in center.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS • BURMA, 1942 •
CENTRAL PACIFIC • EAST INDIES • INDIA-BURMA
• AIR OFFENSIVE, JAPAN •
ALEUTIAN ISLANDS • CHINA DEFENSIVE
• PAPUA • GUADALCANAL • NEW GUINEA
• NORTHERN SOLOMONS • EASTERN MANDATES
• BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO • WESTERN
PACIFIC • LEYTE • LUZON • CENTRAL
BURMA • SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES •
RYUKYUS • CHINA OFFENSIVE
AMERICAN THEATER
1 Streamer -- Blue with two groupings of
white, black, red and white stripes;
with blue, white, red in center.
ANTISUBMARINE 1941-1945
EUROPEAN-AFRICAN-MIDDLE
EASTERN THEATER
16 Streamers -- Green and brown with two
stripe groupings, one of green, white,
red and the other of white, black,
and white stripes; with blue, white,
and red stripes in the center.
EGYPT-LIBYA • AIR OFFENSIVE, EUROPE •
ALGERIA-FRENCH MOROCCO • TUNISIA •
SICILY • NAPLES-FOGGIA • ANZIO • ROME-ARNO
• NORMANDY • NORTHERN FRANCE
• SOUTHERN FRANCE • NORTH APENNINES
• RHINELAND • ARDENNES-ALSACE • CENTRAL
EUROPE • PO VALLEY
KOREAN WAR
10 Streamers -- Light Blue bordered on each
side with white; white center stripe.
UN DEFENSIVE • UN OFFENSIVE • CC
INTERVENTION • FIRST UN COUNTER OFFENSIVE •
CC SPRING OFFENSIVE • UN
SUMMER-FALL OFFENSIVE • SECOND
KOREAN WINTER • KOREA, SUMMER-FALL
1952 • THIRD KOREAN WINTER • KOREA,
SUMMER 1953
VII
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COMMONS, J.R. "Wage Earners of Pittsburgh," Charities and the Commons, XXI
(1908-09), 1051-64.
CROATIAN FRATERNAL UNION. 65th Anniversary. Pittsburgh, 1959.
CROATIAN NATIONAL REPRESENTATION. Memorandum ... to All Governments, Leading
Statesmen and Publicists of the World Regarding the Struggle of Croatia
for Independence. Pittsburgh, 1939.
CROWELL, F. ELIZABETH. "Housing Situation in Pittsburgh," Charities and the Commons,
XXI (1908-09), 871-81.
CULEN, CONSTANTINE. "Beginnings of the Slovak League in America." In Sixty
Years of the Slovak League of America, edited by Joseph Pauco, pp. 37-70.
Middletown: Pennsylvania Jednota Press, 1967.
-----Dejiny Slovakov v. Amerike. 2 vols. Bratislava, 1924 [one of the
best accounts of Slovak immigrants].
DABOVICH, SEBASTIAN. The Holy Orthodox Church on the Ritual, Services, and
Sacraments of the Eastern Apostolic [Greek Russian] Church. Wilkes-Barre:
Eastern Orthodox, 1898.
DAVIS, JEROME. The Russian Immigrant. New York: Arno Press, 1969 [reprint of
1922 edition].
-----The Russians and Ruthenians in America, Bolsheviks or Brothers?
New York: George H. Doran Co., 1922.
DIXON, CHARLTON. Slovak Grammar for English Speaking Students. Pittsburgh,
1904.
DUNN, DENNIS J. "Gallitzin and Western Pennsylvania," Western Pennsylvania Historical
Magazine, LV (1972), 347-58.
FIRST CATHOLIC SLOVAK UNION of U.S.A., Constitution and By-Laws: Under the
Patronage of the Virgin Mary, Patroness of Hungary: Amended at the XII
Convention Held in 1906 at McKeesport (Pennsylvania) Organized in 1890 at
Cleveland, Ohio. McKeesport, Pa., 1890 [in English and Slovak].
"First Croatian Missionary in Allegheny County," In Croation Almanac, 1948, edited
by Boniface Soric, pp. 133-43. McKeesport, Pa., 1948.
FITCH, JOHN A. "Some Pittsburgh Steel Workers," Charities and the Commons, XXI
(1908-09), 553-60.
GALITZI, CHRISTINE A. A Study of Assimilation Among the Roumanians in the
United States. New York: AMS Press, 1969 [reprint of 1929 edition].
GAZI, STJEPAN. Croatian Immigration to Allegheny County: 1882-1914. Pittsburgh:
Croatian Fraternal Union, 1956.
GETTING, MILAN. Americki Slovaci a vyvin cesjiskivensje myslienkij v rokoch 1914-
1918. Pittsburgh: Slovenska Telocvicna Jednota Sokol v Amerike, 1933.
GIBBONS, WILLIAM F. "The Adopted Home of the Hun: A Social Study in Pennsylvania,"
American Magazine of Civics, VII (July-December, 1895), 315-23.
Golden Jubilee, 1904-1954. St. Mary's Mocanaqua, Pennsylvania. Mocanaqua, 1954.
GOVORCHIN, GERALD GILBERT. Americans from Yugoslavia. Gainsville: University
of Florida Press, 1966 [much on Serbs, Croats, and Slovenians in Pennsylvania].
GRAHAM, STEPHEN. With Poor Immigrants to America. New York: Macmillan Co.,
1914 [a description of the life of Russian immigrants].
"Greek Catholic Union of the U.S.A." Jubilee Almanac. Munhall, 1967.
GREENE, VICTOR R. "The Attitude of Slavic Communities to the Unionization of
the Anthracite Industry Before 1903." Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University
of Pennsylvania, 1963.
-----The Slavic Community on Strike. Notre Dame: University of Notre
Dame Press, 1968 [immigrant labor in Pennsylvania anthracite].
-----"A Study in Slavs, Strikes, and Unions: The Anthracite Strike of
1897," Pennsylvania History, XXXI (1964), 199-215.
GULOVICH, STEPHEN. "Rusin Exarchate in the United States," Eastern Churches
Quarterly, VI (1946), 459-86.
41
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-7-
or legislatures and doing it with credit to their sex, their party
and their nations, are a far better guarantee that the door of political
opportunity will swing open more widely than any jarring campaign
with a demand for 50 - 50.
What, then, is the matter with woman suffrage in the
United States? I say, nothing. It is normally, wholesomely moving forward.
What is the matter with the critics? They are slowly becoming reconciled
to the march of events, but the process is a bit painful - that's all.
[*Page 7 - 89 Total 1979 words*]
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My Telephone.
From the Yiddish of Morris Winchefsky. Rendered into English
verse by Alice Stone Blackwell.
I've a telephone connection
With the toiling, laboring throng;
It is of my own invention;
I have had and used it long.
Tidings good I send them through it
Of deliverance drawing nigh;
Standing in advance, I tell them
Of their might, their unity.
Every morn I call them, wake them,
Bid them do, not dream alone;
And a latent power I waken -
Wake it through my telephone.
The invention is quite simple,
And machinery bears no part;
This whole telephone connection
Has no battery but my heart.
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Depos. Aug. 14. 1845
Allen, Morrill Wardwell props
Sec Vol. 20. p. 300
A SELECTION
FROM THE
WRITINGS OF JOSEPH HALL, D. D.
SOMETIME CHAPLAIN TO KING JAMES THE FIRST;
BISHOP OF EXETER, OF NORWICH, ETC.
WITH
OBSERVATIONS OF SOME SPECIALITIES IN HIS LIFE,
WRITTEN WITH HIS OWN HAND.
EDITED BY
A. HUNTINGTON CLAPP.
ANDOVER:
ALLEN, MORRILL AND WARDWELL.
NEW YORK: M. H. NEWMAN.
1845.
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THE NEGRO AS A SOLDIER 159
regiment of Negro recruits. Applying at once for a commission, he
was soon called to Washington where, upon approval by Casey's
board, he was appointed by the Secretary of War to a captaincy
in the 6th United States Colored Troops and ordered to report to
Lieutenant Colonel Louis Wagner, Commandant of Camp William
Penn. (5)
Camp Penn was located at Chelton Hills, Montgomery County,
Pennsylvania, a few miles north of Philadelphia. Established in
mid-summer of 1863 for the purpose of training the troops Stearns
was raising, it drew its recruits principally from Pennsylvania. A
total of eleven regiments was formed and equipped for combat at
Chelton Hills. Philadelphians took pride in the nearby camp, organizing
a schedule for visitations and concerning themselves
generally with the welfare of its colored soldiers. (6)
Arriving as a stranger at Camp Penn on Sunday Morning, September
27, 1863, Captain McMurray reported to Commandant
Wagner. During a fifteen-minute interview he was kept standing,
hat in one hand and gripsack in the other, in plain view of three
or four officers. Fifty years later McMurray had not forgiven
Wagner for what he considered a rude reception. Shortly after
this embarrassing encounter, the young captain was assigned to
command Company D, 6th United States Colored Troops, and
conducted to his tent headquarters. On the company's streets he
had his first meeting with regimental commander Lieutenant Colonel
John W. Ames. Informal and brief, it left no distinct impression
on McMurray except that Ames' behavior contrasted sharply
with that of Wagner. For almost two years McMurray and Ames
were to lead their dusky soldiers through the swamps and onto
the battlefields of the country of the York and James rivers and
to conclude their efforts with the campaign against Fort Fisher
in North Carolina. They were to witness death among their comrades,
rejoice over the same victories, and deplore the same defeats.
(5) Recollections, 2-5; William James McKnight, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania:
Her Pioneers and People, 2 vols. (Chicago, 1917), II, 200-201;
Jeffersonian Democrat, October, 1939 (centennial edition); Battles and
Leaders, IV, 13; Samuel P. Bates, History of Pennsylvania Volunteers,
1861-5, 5 vols. (Harrisburg, 1871), IV, 210.
(6) Binder, "Pennsylvania Negro Regiments in the Civil War," loc. cit., 389;
Frank Taylor, Philadelphia in the Civil War, 1861-1865 (Philadelphia, 1913),
190-191.
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-13-
bearing its beautiful red flowers, made up a panorama of nature
which to a farmer reformer surpassed all previous experiences.
I should have recorded the cocoa tree, with its fruit shaped like
this (picture) subdued red. It contains seeds which are sent to
Holland. There the juice is extracted, the seeds ground and the
product is cocoa and chocolate.
We reached the river at about 5:30 and followed a boy to
its banks, where the sacred elephants were taking their afternoon
dip. They belong to the Buddhists Temple and are togged out in
finery and paraded on great festival occasions. The Temple owns
about twenty. There was a general scramble of small boys and
girls, elephant keepers and what nots after our pennies which
rapidly disappeared. We drove still further and arrived at The
Maligawa Temple, or Temple of the Tooth at six. This was our
first formal introduction to Buddhism, although we had seen the
priests plentifully enough on the street. They are smooth shaven
as to head and beard, barefooted and covered with a sort of toga
of yellow cotton. They usually carry an umbrella or the more
primitive big palm leaf used as a sun shade, and a fan. Originally
they were expected to beg for their food and not to eat unless
they got it. They still do so in Burmah, but here they are provided
with food by their members. They are permitted one meal
a day and that must be taken before noon. They do not marry, while
priests, but may leave the priesthood and do so at any time. There
is always a home where these monks live in connection with each
Temple of any consequence. Every Temple must have a relic and
this one is very holy, for it has a very special relic - a tooth.
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No. 43.
List of articles lost or destroyed in the public service at In the Field Va
while in possession and charge of Gordon W. Stewart 1st Lieut 29th Conn Vols and A.A. Quartermaster United
States Army, in the month of March, 1865.
No. or Quantity. Articles. Circumstances and Cause.
1 One Trousers "Foot" "pairs of"
5 Five " ["M?] " "
2 Two Flannel Shirts
7 Seven [C?] Drawers "pairs of" Stolen from cases and broken packages whilst on
1 One Boots Calv. " " [?] beneath a [granlin?] awaiting to be transferred
15 Fifteen Stockings " " to officers of regiments.
2 Two Knit Shirts
1 One Knapsacks and Straps
2 Two Rubber Blankets One case said to contain one hundred and twenty five
1 One Canteen and Straps numbered only one hundred and twenty three
I certify that the several articles of Quartermaster's Stores above enumerate have been unavoidably lost or destroyed while in the public service, as indicate by the remarks annexed to them respectively.
Gordon W. Stewart 1st Lt. 29th Conn VOls
and A.A. Quartermaster.
2nd Brig. 1st Division 25th A.C.
Approved: Tho L Sedgwick
Col. Commanding.
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210
Entered, according to Act of Congress in the year 1854, by LUTHER S.
CUSHING, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of
Massachusetts.
RIVERSIDE, CAMBRIDGE:
PRINTED BY H. O. HOUGHTON AND COMPANY.
LC
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16 FREEDMEN'S BUREAU.
poor and helpless that remained on their plantations. Some have angrily
driven them away, but this is not the general rule.
The following table will give an idea of the issues, so far as reported, for the
month of September:
Consolidated monthly report of number of rations issued to refugees and freedmen
(dependent) in the different districts and States, respectively, for the
month ending September 30, 1865.
Districts. Number of rations Number of rations Total number of rations
issued to refugees. issued to freedmen. issued.
North Carolina 420 136,930 137,350
Virginia* 275,887 275,887
District of Columbia 217 31,547 31,764
Texas* 35 35
Louisiana* 55,186 55,186
Missouri and Arkansas 309,456 161,766 471,222
Kentucky and Tennessee* 66,750 66,750
Mississippi 11,766 68,355 80,121
Georgia and South Carolina 2,913 197,349 200,262
Alabama 45,771 36,295 82,066
Grand total 370,543 1,030,100 1,400,643
*No refugees reported.
FINANCIAL AFFAIRS.
In order to systematize financial matters, I placed at the head of this division
Lieutenant Colonel George W. Balloch, detailed from the Subsistence
department. In addition to his duties as chief financial agent, he has aided me
in commissary matters. I take pleasure in embodying his clear and able report
in my own, as follows:
Congress, when it created the bureau, made no appropriation to defray its expenses; it
has, however, received funds from miscellaneous sources, as the following report will show:
in several of the States, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi,
Tennessee, Kentucky, Arkansas, Missouri, and the District of Columbia, the interests
of the freedmen were under the control of military officers assigned by the War Department
previous to the organization of this bureau. Their accounts became naturally absorbed
in the accounts of the bureau, and the following report embraces all the receipts and
expenditures in all States now under control of the bureau since January 1, 1865:
RECEIPTS.
Amount on hand January 1, 1865, and received since, to October 31, 1865—
From freedmen's fund $466,028 35
From retained bounties 115,236 49
For clothing, fuel and subsistence 7,704 21
Farms 76,709 12
From rents of buildings 56,012 42
From rents of lands 125,521 00
From Quartermaster's department 12,200 00
From conscript fund 13,498 11
From schools, (tax and tuition) 34,486 58
Total received 907,396 28
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Three hundred and fifty colonist perish,
1526 Sebastian Cabot, explores the River La Plata.
1527 Bermuda Isles discovered by John Bermuda
1531 The Portuguese under Martin Alfonso de Sousa
found a colony in Brazil.
1532 The first Spanish colony established in Peru
1534 Jacques Cartier discovers the Gulf of St. Lawrence
1535 Jacques Cartier, explores the River St. Lawrence
to Montreal,
1535 Pedro de Mendoza, with 2500, imigrants sails
for South American and finds the city of Buenos Ayres
1535 Chili, discovered by Diego de Almagra
1536 Lower California discovered by Hernandez Cortes
1537 Pope, Paul 3rd issues a bull declaring the natives
of American rational beings.
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[* No 656
filed Septr. 27. 1866
by
Amer S. S Union
Props *]
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by the
AMERICAN SUNDAY-SCHOOL UNION,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States
for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
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166
not hear? When noise was
everywhere! it tolled
Increasing like a bell.
Names in my ears,
Of all the last adventurers
my peers , -
How such a one was strong, &
such was bold,
And such was fortunate, yet
each of old,
Lost, lost! one moment
knelled the woe of years.
XXXIV.
There they stood, ranged
along the hillsides, met
To view the last of me, a
living frame
For one more picture! in
a sheet of flame
I saw them & I knew them all,
And yet
Dauntless the slughorn to my
life I set,
And blew "Childe
167
Roland to the Dark
Tower Came."
Count Gismond
Aix In Provence.
1.
Christ God who savest man, save most
Of men Count Gismond who saved me!
Count Gauthier, where he chose his post,
Chose time & place & company
To suit it; when he struck at length
My honor, 'twas with all his strength.
II.
And doubtlessly ere he could draw
All points to one, he must have schemed;
That miserable morning saw
Few half so happy as I seemed,
While being dressed in queen's array
To give our tourney prize away.
III.
I thought they loved me, did me grace
To please themselves: 'twas all their deed;
God makes, or fair or foul , our face;
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Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1857, by
Ticknor and Fields,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of
Massachusetts.
RIVERSIDE, CAMBRIDGE:
STEREOTYPED AND PRINTED BY
H. O. HOUGHTON AND COMPANY.
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12
MMG: How did you come to Detroit?
RP: You mean, how did I travel?
MMG: Well, no, not that so much as what made you decide to go ahead and come?
RP: Because my brother was living here.
MMG: And you and your husband felt that conditions just weren't going to
get better immediately where they were?
RP: Well, they were not any too good. Of course, it was quite before
there was any disturbance or any harassment at that time. And my
mother wanted to spend as much time as she could with the two of us and
she couldn't spend time with him if she remained with me there. And
if she left me there, then she felt uneasy, I think. Part of our...,
she and my brother got together more so than I did, and found a place
for us to move, for us to live, and we came.
MMG: What was life like for you and your husband after you moved to Detroit?
RP: Well, it was not any too easy. Well, shortly after I moved to Detroit,
I was offered a job and accepted one in Hampton, Virginia, at Hampton
Institute. I earned a little money, and he was working in a barber
school. He didn't have a Michigan license or anything, so he had to
pass the examination, be officially [licensed]. He was working in a
barber school for a man of our [race], teaching some apprentice barbers
that work and training them.
MMG: Did you get any, ever get any specific support from civil rights
groups during this time when you first went to Detroit? Did they try
and offer you employment or see that you were taken care of or
anything?
RP: I didn't get any work, but I went to a lot of meetings, and sometimes
when they would take up contributions, but that was never high.
MMG: Ten years after you came to Detroit, there were race riots here in
the city. What were your feelings about the progress of the civil
rights movement at that point?
RP: I actually...I mean, I would see that... I would associate the
activity of the burning and looting, and so on, with what I had done
and would have done. And yet, on the other hand, if you looked
beneath the surface, we could see the frustration of some of these
people, they could see the deprivation. I guess for whatever
reasons it came about, I felt that something had to be wrong with
the system.
MGG: So you could understand it, although it might not have been the
way you would have gone about it.
RP: That's true. But it did...it was a very, very severe blow to my
husband, who wasn't well at the time. It was just something he just
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THE OUTLOOK ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT
Hasn’t scratched yet!!!
BON AMI
A WINDOW A MINUTE
NO BRUSHES
NO MOPS
NO SLOPS
TRADE BON AMI MARK
CLEANS
ALL SURFACES.
POLISHES ALL METALS.
WEARS OUT NEITHER. -
Bon Ami
A white, fine substance in cake form. It scours,
cleans, polishes. It is the best thing made for use
on glassware, mirrors, copper, brass, tin, steel, floors
and woodwork, windows, porcelain and nickel. Bon
Ami is not injurious either to the article or to the
hands, and it does not scratch. It is a household necessity. A house-
keeper who uses it once will want it always. Grocers everywhere sell it.
Seventeen years on the market and “Hasn’t Scratched Yet.’
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NATCHEZ NATIONAL CEMETERY, MISSISSIPPI. 143
36 Barfield, Samuel Corporal C 70th U.S. colored infantry 15 151 Vidalia, Louisiana.
37 Boyd, Allen U.S. tug Tennessee 15 152 Do.
38 Boatman, George Private A 2d Mississippi cold heavy artillery 15 184 Do.
39 Bowman, Gustus do C 2d Mississippi cold artillery Mar. 26, 1864 15 248 Natchez, Mississippi.
40 Burnes, Eli do M 5th U.S. colored artillery Apr. 10, 1864 15 249 Do.
41 Blunt, Perry do E 6th U.S. colored infantry Jan. 23, 1865 15 250 Do.
42 Bellony, John do E 5th U.S. colored artillery Apr. 6, 1864 15 258 Do.
43 Brown, Henry do H 5th U.S colored artillery Apr. 12, 1864 15 262 Do.
44 Braneh, Henden do F 5th U.S. colored artillery Apr. 10, 1864 15 264 Do.
45 Chappel, Carter C 33d Wisconsin infantry Sept. 17, 1863 1 34 Do.
46 Chapman, Grandison E Sergeant C 28th Illinois infantry Oct. 28, 1863 1 37 Do.
47 Capps, M. H 5th Sergeant B 28th Illinois infantry Mar. 1, 1864 1 44 Do.
48 Colville, R. W G 76th Illinois infantry Oct. 26, 1863 1 55 Do.
49 Connick, Levi F Private H 4th Illinois cavalry July 21, 1864 1 62 Do.
50 Conner, Jessie G H 29th Illinois infantry Dec. 29, 1863 1 72 Do.
51 Clark, Stephen G 53d Illinois infantry Sept. 13, 1863 1 94 Do.
52 Collins, Lenard F 15th Illinois infantry Sept. 26, 1863 1 95 Do.
53 Carey, Adkins M 26th New York artillery July 13, 1864 2 51 Do.
54 Carter, J. W Corporal E 29th Illinois infantry Apr. 13, 1865 3 18 Do.
55 Carrion, Hill do I 55th United States infantry 3 59 Vidalia, Louisiana.
56 Coates, John Private H 12th Wisconsin infantry Jan. 24, 1864 3 93 Natchez, Mississippi.
57 Carol, James 53d Illinois infantry Feb. 15, ____ 3 95 Do.
58 Cummings, George D 29th Illinois infantry Jan. 6, 1864 3 106 Do.
59 Cavendish, J Seaman U. S. S. Osage Aug. 27, 1863 5 66 Plantation, Louisiana.
60 Carroll, Thomas J Landsman U. S. S. Choctaw July 21, 1863 5 70 Acklin's Plantation, Louisiana.
61 Clinton, David 6 21 Natchez, Mississippi.
62 Clinton, Auber 6 22 Do.
63 Clay, Henry Private B 58th U. S. colored infantry 1 122 Do.
64 Coleman, Israel 6th U.S. cold heavy artillery 12 276 A. V. Davis's Plantation, La.
65 Capps, John 5th U.S. colored cavalry 14 28 Natchez, Mississippi.
66 Curtis, James Corporal F 58th U. S. colored infantry 15 73 Mooreville, Louisiana.
67 Compton, Jacob Private A 58th U. S. colored infantry 15 198 Natchez, Mississippi.
68 Castle, Andrew do 58th U. S. colored infantry Apr. 28, 1864 15 247 Do.
69 Dutcher, W D 12th Wisconsin infantry Sept. 27, 1863 1 18 Do.
70 Duheime, Lizeder F 12th Wisconsin infantry Sept. 10, 1863 1 25 Do.
71 Dolling, J. M H 29th Illinois infantry Dec. 9, 1863 1 73 Do.
72 Devenport, John W Sergeant F 15th Illinois infantry Nov. 24, 1863 1 84 Do.
73 Davidson, S. B C 1st Vermont artillery 2 11 Do.
74 Deervester, J Sergeant A 6th U.S. cold heavy artillery July 22, 1864 3 44 Do.
75 Donavan, John Seaman U. S. S. Choctaw Feb. 20, 1864 5 73 Do.
76 D------, E 1 118 Do.
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but the rebel crafts paid dearly for the attack for the federals sent fifteen of them to the bottom of the Mississippi, also attacked the rebel batteries at Chalmette, and silenced the same, demanded and received the "unconditional" surrender of New Orleans.
1862 April 26th Capture of Fort Macon N.C. The federals (3,500) under the command of Genl Burnside attacked this fort (at 6 a.m.) in conjunction with two gunboats and two floating (barges) batteries, and after a bombardment of ten hours to the federals, with the following terms of Capitulations, the "garrison to be released on their parole of honor" not to take up arms against the United States government, until regularly exchanged," the Fort and armament thereof to be surrendered to the United States. Rebel loss. 7 killed, 18 wounded, 48 cannon. Federal loss One killed, two wounded.
1862 April 28th Capture of Forts Jackson & St. Phillip.
The federal fleet of 121 mortarboats & 43 gunboats under Com. Farragut
commenced an attack on these forts on the 18th and kept
a vigorous cannonade on the same. when the 27th a
combined attack was made by the federal land &
naval forces, the gunners (some of them) of the federal
mortarboats falling dead as the guns from exhaustion.
on the 27th a "flag of true" was sent to Commodore
Porter. to ask the terms of Capitulation. the Commodore
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Cigars Manufactured
Stephen I Newman in account with the
United States. Dr.
Date From what source $ cts.
Jan 31, "68 For. Three Thousands Cigars. @ $5.00. per [M]. 15 00
Feb 28. "68 For. Eight Thousand Cigars. @ $5.00. per [M] 40 00
Mar 31. "68 For. Eight Thousand Cigars. @ $5.00. per M. 40 00
April 30. "68 " One Thousand cigars @ $5.00 per M. -5 00
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Mrs. Hannah L. Huntington...........................................Newton, Mass.
Miss Annie E. Huntress..........................................259 Prospect Street
Mrs. Elizabeth G. Hutchins...............................21 Washington Avenue
Mr. Edward B. Hutchinson.....................................31 Concord Avenue
Mrs. Edward B. Hutchinson...................................31 Concord Avenue
Mrs. David O. Ives........................................................26 Walker Street
Miss Margaret Jame.....................................................107 Irving Street
Mrs. J. M. Jameson................................................45 Mt. Vernon Street
Professor Edward C Jeffrey.....................................47 Lake View Drive
Mrs. Edward C. Jeffrey.............................................47 Lake View Drive
Professor Lewis J. Johnson......................................90 Raymond Street
Mrs. Lewis J. Johnson...............................................90 Raymond Street
Mrs. Charles H. Jones...................................................11 Everett Street
Miss Elizabeth A. Jones....................................................3 Phillips Place
Miss Mabel A. Jones..................................................285 Harvard Street
Mrs. Richard Jones......................................................9 Concord Avenue
Mrs. I. Woodward Jouett................................................21 Forest Street
Miss Priscilla Jouett.........................................................21 Forest Street
Mr. Joseph F. Kelley...............................................................Dover, Mass.
Mrs. Joseph F. Kelley.............................................................Dover, Mass.
Mrs. Max Kellner...............................................................7 Mason Street
Miss Annie G. Kelly.............................................................19 Traill Street
Miss Mary L. Kelly...............................................................18 Traill Street
Miss Sarah W. Kelly...........................................................24 Irving Street
Mr. E. E. Kelsey..........................................................4 Buckingham Place
Miss Dorothy Kendall....................................................22 Garden Street
Professor F. Lowell Kennedy......................................43 Appleton Street
Mrs. F. Lowell Kennedy...............................................43 Appleton Street
Mrs. Arthur E. Kennelly...................................................1 Kennedy Road
Mrs. H. E. Kerr..............................................................342 Harvard Street
Mrs. George B. Ketchum..............................................Hawthorn Avenue
Mrs. Alfred Vincent Kidder............................................183 Brattle Street
Mrs. Ellen M. Kidder........................................................45 Oxford Street
Rev. William Basil King...................................................1 Berkeley Street
Mrs. William Basil King...................................................1 Berkeley Street
Miss Frances Kittredge......................................................8 Hilliard Street
Mrs. Robert W. Knowles................................................5 Longfellow Part
Mrs. Franz Hugo Krebs............................................78 Lake View Avenue
Miss Margarette B. Krebs........................................78 Lake View Avenue
Mrs. William B. Lambert...............................................23 Highland Street
Mrs. H. E. Langfeld.........................................................38 Francis Avenue
Professor C. R. Lanman.......................................................9 Farrar Street
Mrs. C. R. Lanman.................................................................9 Farrar Street
Miss Marion F. Lansing........................................................49 Dana Street
Mrs. Frank M. Lawrence..................................................181 Upland Road
Miss Maud A. Lawson.................................................466 Putnam Avenue
Miss Henrietta S. Leavitt.............................Harvard College Observatory
Miss Margaret A. Leavitt..................................................33 Garden Street
Miss Elizabeth B. Lee............................................................42 Avon Street
Mrs. Leslie A. Lee..................................................................42 Avon Street
Miss Sylvia Lee......................................................................42 Avon Street
Mrs..Charles H. Levermore..........................................361 Harvard Street
Mrs. Charles H. Levermore..........................................361 Harvard Street
Miss Frances E. Lewis..................................................265 Prospect Street
Miss Alla A. Libbey.......................................................33 Concord Avenue
Mrs. Helen W. Lincoln.....................................................37 Kirkland Street
Miss Margaret Lincoln....................................................37 Kirkland Street
Mrs. Joseph P. Livermore..............................................59 Brewster Street
Mrs. Arthur W. Locke...................................................33 Concord Avenue
Miss Alice Longfellow......................................................105 Brattle Street
Miss Lenore Loveman..................................................12 Concord Avenue
Mrs. Edith H. MacFadden............................................Lindall Hill, Danvers
Mrs. Edwin Stanley MacFarland..........................1 Beacon Street, Boston
Mrs. James MacKaye.............................................................162 Elm Street
Mrs.Francis Peabody Magoun............................ .............11 Everett Street
Mrs. Frederick L. Mahn....................................... ............7 Linnaean Street
Mrs. Joseph Mason Marean............................................151 Brattle Street
Mrs. Parker E. Marean....................................................46 Brewster Street
Professor Lionel S. Marks................................................192 Brattle Street
Mrs. Lionel S. Marks (Hon.)..............................................192 Brattle Street
Mrs.A.R. Marsh......................................18 N. Taylor Avenue St. Louis, Mo.
Mr. Ernest G. Martin........................................................18 Francis Avenue
Mrs. Ernest G. Martin.......................................................18 Francis Avenue
Professor Seldon O. Martin............................................... 8 Mason Street
Mrs. Seldon O. Martin......................................................... 8 Mason Street
Mrs. Henry B. McDowell...................................................116 Brattle Street
Miss Julia G. McHugh...............................................................467 Broadway
Mrs. Herbert B. McIntire.......................................................4 Garden Street
Miss Ruth McIntire.................................................................4 Garden Street
Miss Minnie C. McLean........................................................5 Boylston Street
Mrs. Gilbert N. McMillan....................................................6 Riedesel Avenue
Mrs. Wayland M. Minot........................................................20 Hilliard Street
Mrs. Hugh Montgomery...................................................32 Arlington Street
Mrs. Alice Rogers Moore............................132 Winsor Avenue, Watertown
Dr. Dorthea Moore..................................................................3 Craigie Circle
Dr. E.C. Moore..........................................................................3 Craigie Circle
Mr. Clement G. Morgan..................................................265 Prospect Street
Mrs. Clement G. Morgan................................................265 Prospect Street
Mrs. Anna M. Morrill............................................................12 Hilliard Street
Miss Emma F. Munroe.............................................................17 Traill Street
Miss Marion Murdock..........................................9 Marion Road,Watertown
Mrs. Luther R. Nash...............................................................51 Brattle Street
Mrs. Mary A. Nash.....................................................................67 Larch Road
Mrs. George W. Nasmyth................................1131 Massachusetts Avenue
Mrs. Helen H. Neal..................................40 Ossipee Road, West Somerville
Mrs. Emma C. Newcomb.....................................................28 William Street
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EMANCIPATION AND COLONIZATION. 33
aforesaid, by law introduce or tolerate slavery within its limits, contrary
to the act of emancipation upon which such bonds shall have
been received, such State shall refund to the United States all the
principal and interest which may have been paid on any such bonds.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
A. S. WHITE,
Of Indiana.
F. P. BLAIR, JR.,
Of Missouri.
GEO. P. FISHER,
Of Delaware.
WM. E. LEHMAN,
Of Pennsylvania.
K. V. WHALEY,
Of Virginia.
S. L. CASEY,
Of Kentucky.
A. J. CLEMENS,
Of Tennessee.
I have had no opportunity of reading the foregoing report, but,
without expressing an opinion upon its merits, concur in presenting
it to the House.
C. L. L. LEARY,
Of Maryland.
H. Pre. Com. 148--------3
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SMALL ARITHMETIC,
FOR BEGINNERS;
BY AARON VIKERS, M. A.
AUTHOR OF THREE VOLUMES,
Entitled, "A Few Pieces on Different Subjects, principally relating to the World to Come," a "School Geography of the World," and "The Wonders of Imagination."
1846.
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-2-
plan is that any woman who thus enters into political life, must do so as an individual and not as an officer of the party.
REASONS FOR THE POLICY.
The reasons for the adoption of the non-partisan policy are many. The new voters need a period of preparation for their duties. They need opportunity to study the functions of government, the duties of public officials, the conditions of the community in which they live, the policies of the various political parties. They ought to become Republicans or Democrats, Socialists or Prohibitionists, not because their fathers or husbands belong to those parties, but because they have carefully studied what the parties stand for and have deliberately made a choice.
Foreign-born women need to become naturalized, to become Americanized, to learn how to use their votes to further the welfare of themselves and of their families.
STATE AND NATIONAL ELECTIONS.
Members of the N.Y. City Women Suffrage Party in State and National elections will naturally vote as individuals with the various political parties. They will use the facilities which will be offered by the Suffrage Party for obtaining accurate information on the public questions of national scope that they must understand, and the measures and men they must vote upon.
THE CITY PARTY MAY EXERT GREAT INFLUENCE IN MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS.
Members of the New York City Woman Suffrage Party feel that there may arise many questions in municipal politics upon which they may wish to vote in a non-partisan way. For civic improvement, the bettering of the industrial conditions that surround women and children,
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CHAPTER XIX.
SOME INCIDENTS AT DUTCH GAP.
Our brigade remained at Dutch Gap nearly two months, employed nearly all the time in the canal, in the manner stated in my last article.
While we remained there I went two or three times to visit acquaintances in Pennsylvania regiments that were encamped not far away. On one of these trips I had a strange experience-one that I could never understand or account for. When crossing a field, alone, I met a single cavalryman. As we were about to meet, and when he was not more than a hundred yards from me, he urged his horse to its utmost speed and tried to ride over me, doing his best to force the horse onto me. It was only by the greatest exertion on my part that I was able to keep out of his way, and to prevent myself from being trampled under the horse's feet. I have often wondered what the explanation of his action could have been. So far as I knew he was to me an entire stranger. Possibly he was one who had been wronged by some commissioned officer, or fancied he had been, and thought to get even by wreaking vengence on the first officer who gave him a safe opportunity.
The following singular incident occurred one very warm day in the month of August: Our camp was close to the bank of the James river, on a bluff some thirty feet above the surface of the stream. I was lying in my tent trying to keep cool, while some soldiers were down by the edge of the water, shooting; I learned afterward, shooting fish. As I lay there, and while the shooting was going on, Lieut. Frederick Meyer, of Company B, sent a man to me to say that the shooting was being done by men of my company, and he wanted me to have it stopped, as it annoyed him. I couldn't see why the shooting should trouble him, or any one else greatly, and so allowed it to proceed. Lieut. Meyer was greatly offended, and in consequence proceeded to do a singular and foolish thing. He remained in his tent awhile, but seeing that the firing didn't cease, proceeded to dress himself in full uniform, putting on the best clothes he had. After brushing his coat, cap, and trousers carefully, and buckling on his sword, he started toward our picket line, which was in a field in plain view of our camp. We watched him till he reached our pickets, wondering as he went what he was going to do. To our surprise he did not stop at the picket line, but went on until he came to the enemy's pickets, which were also in plain view of our camp. There he sat down, and talked with them for half an hour, and then returned to our line, and then back to camp. We never spoke to him about the matter, nor lie to us,
48
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[*No 33.
filed 9 Jany 1861
Benj Dorr DD
Author*]
Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1861, by
BENJAMIN DORR,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States in and for
the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
[*LC*]
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170.
CONTENTS.
NO. LXXVIII. APRIL, 1864.
FIGHTING FACTS FOR FOGIES PAGE 393
THE WRECK OF RIVERMOUTH 412
THE SCHOOLMASTER'S STORY 416
PICTOR IGNOTUS 433
THE FIRST VISIT TO WASHINGTON 448
HOUSE AND HOME PAPERS. IV. 458
THE BLACK PREACHER 465
FOUQUET THE MAGNIFICENT 467
AMONG THE MORMONS 479
ON PICKET DUTY 495
OUR PROGRESSIVE INDEPENDENCE 497
REVIEWS AND LITERARY NOTICES 512
TYNDALL ON HEAT, 512. - MY DAYS AND NIGHTS ON THE BATTLEFIELD,
516. - CHAIK'S HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE, 518. -
THE FEDERALIST, DAWSON'S EDITION, 519.
RECENT AMERICAN PUBLICATIONS 520
MR. HAWTHORNE'S NEW ROMANCE.
The conductors of the "ATLANTIC" regret to state that the health of MR. HAWTHORNE
has not permitted him to complete the Romance announced for the present volume. Its publication
is therefore necessarily deferred for the present. Due notice will be given in advance
of its appearance.
BOUND VOLUMES OF THE "ATLANTIC."
The TWELFTH VOLUME of the "ATLANTIC," comprising the numbers from July to
December, (inclusive,) 1863, is now ready. Price $2.00.
Sets of the "ATLANTIC" furnished from the beginning, neatly bound in muslin. Price
$2.00 each volume; postage paid by the publishers. Complete in twelve volumes.
Persons returning numbers to the office of publication in good condition will be furnished
with the corresponding bound volumes upon payment of 50 cents for the binding of each volume.
When such exchange is to be made by mail, orders must be accompanied with 50 cents
for postage on each volume.
LC
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Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, by
KAY & BROTHER,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
MEARS & DUSENBERY, STEREOTYPERS.
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1
Among the names, to which Time,
has decreed Eternity, is that of Jeanne
D'Arc.
With reason.
Consider, the time in which
she lived; the needs of her day;
the work she wrought; the life,
she lived; the death, she died.
First of all, -- France.
In 1316, an infant girl, 1
was the rightful heir to the
French crown.
Her uncle, 2 who should
have been her actual, as he
was, her legal protector, had
her thrust to one side; had
himself, crowned by the power
of the sword.
The people, believing in
that day, -- as in many a
day since -- that right, is made
by might, accepted this
verdict. A law, of which
Germany was the birthplace,
& heathenism, the date,
was summoned, to the
support of this robbery.
The affair was settled.
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D. P. Lindsley - Author
May 7 - 1867
Vol. 42.
P. 431.
THE
COMPENDIUM OF TACHYGRAPHY:
OR
LINDSLEY'S PHONETIC SHORTHAND,
EXPLAINING AND ILLUSTRATING THE COMMON STYLE
OF THE ART.
BY D. P. LINDSLEY.
["Now what natural obstacle is there against the formation of written signs, which
will be indefinitely shorter than that which constitutes the English Language, or
the Language of any other people? Let the system of written signs be
reduced to a brevity and simplicity corresponding with that of spoken sound, and
there in no reason why the hand should not be able to keep up with the voice, and a
man write as fast as he can speak." --Horace Mann.]
FOURTH EDITION.
BOSTON:
OTIS CLAPP, 3 BEACON STREET.
NEW YORK: SCHERMERHORN, BANCROFT, & CO., 430 BROOME ST.
1867.
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OF THE RIFLE MUSKET. 5
Fig. 10. [sketch of a musket part] Fig. 10. Second leaf, full size.
a, body; b, tenon;
c, screw-hole; d, sight-notch;
e, graduation mark.
Fig. 11. [sketch of a musket part] Fig. 11. Joint-screw, full size.
Stem, head, slit, thread.
Fig. 12. [sketch of a musket part] Fig. 12 . Base-screw, full size.
a, stem; b, head;
c, c, holes for screwdriver;
d, thread.
Fig. 13 [sketch of a musket part] Fig. 13. Front sight and bay
one-stud, full size.
a, sight; b, stud.
Fig. 14. [sketch of a musket part] Fig. 14. Bayonet-
clasp, full size.
a, body; b, stud;
c, bridge;
d, groove;
e, e, stops;
f, screw.
Fig. 15. [sketch of a musket part] Fig. 15. Bayonet, quarter sie.
a, blade; b, neck; c, socket;
d, bridge; e, stud-mortise; f, clasp.
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OF THE RIFLE MUSKET.
25
dissolved; when cold, add half a pint of the pyrolignite of iron -- made by dissolving iron filings in pyroligneous acid, as much as the acid will take up.
The dye thus prepared should be well stirred and then left to settle. When clear decant it from the sediment and keep well corked for use.
Dry the belts in the shade, then apply a little sperm or olive oil and rub well with a hard brush.
Should any bad spots appear, scratch up the surface with the wire brush and we two or three times with a simple decoction of gallnuts, or shumac, and again apply the dye as above.
The addition of the logwood is not essential; and a solution of copperas may replace, but not so well, the acetate of iron.
The model of 1863 corresponds with the model of 1861, except in the following particulars, viz:
Barrel. -- The cone-seat is reduced in length about two tenths of an inch, fixing the centre of the cone, or vent, on a line with the face of the barrel, and dispensing with the cone-seat screw. The end of the muzzle is rounded to prevent being bruised.
Hammer. -- The form of the hammer is changed to conform to that of the barrel, and otherwise improved.
Ramrod. -- The "swell" is omitted and the body made larger, with a ball-screw cut on the small end, and a brass cap to protect it from injury.
Ramrod-spring. -- Adopted instead of the swell to hold the road in its place.
Bands. -- Open bands fastened by screws instead of tight bands.
Band-springs. -- Dispensed with as unnecessary.
Lock. -- The lock is case-hardened in colors; the bands, swivels, and guard are blued in the same manner as the rear sight instead of being left bright.
Appendages. -- The compound appendage for taking the arm apart is adopted in place of the spring-vise, ball-screw, tumbler, and band-spring punch model of 1861.
NOTE. -- The rules for dismounting and reassembling the rifle musket, model 1855, will apply to the model of 1863 by omitting the band-springs and the parts of the lock that apply to the "Maynard primer."
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BEAUFORT NATIONAL CEMETERY, SOUTH CAROLINA. 135
4822 Wilson, O. A....... H 2d Massachusetts .............
4823 Wol, Lewis ........ B 12th New York .............
4824 Wet, H. B....... A 50th Pennsylvania .............
4825 Walton, G. W...... E 103d Pennsylvania .............
4826 Williams, W. P...... I 147th New York .............
4827 White, W. H ...... C 2d New York .............
4828 Witt, E. D......... 8th Iowa .............
4829 Wilsa, William ...... F 7th U. S. colored troops .............
4830 Young, Nathan L ....... C 54th Massachusetts ...... 16 45
4831 Young, A ........ D 21st U. S. colored troops ........ 30 169
4832 Young, P ........ Private .... F 11th Vermont ....... 23 10
4833 Young, M. A...... do .... I 144th New York ....... 28 76
4834 Young, C. P....... do .... E 112th New York ........ 27 43
4835 Yerger, John ....... do .... D 76th Pennsylvania ....... 38 35
4836 York, A. L....... E 3d New Hampshire ...... 17 5
4837 Young, S ....... H 21st U. S. colored troops ....... 30 166
4838 Young, P. S...... B 2d New York artillery ...... 26 75
4839 Young, C ........ E 175th New York ....... 27 89
4840 Yeast, P .... Sergeant .... K 102d New York ...............
4841 Young, W ........ – U. S. colored troops ..............
4842 Young, Peter .... Private .... H 76th Pennsylvania ....... 38 157
4843 Young, Roger ...... do .... H 33d U. S. colored troops ....... 30 123
4844 Young, John H ....... do .... G 32d U. S. colored troops ........ 30 42
4845 Yardron, Jerry ....... do .... B 102d U. S. colored troops ....... 31 171
4846 York, Nicholas ...... do ..... I 8th Maine ......... 19 134
4847 Young, Williard B ....... do ..... G 8th Maine ....... 19 118
4848 Youngs, Jeremiah ....... do ..... I 1st New York engineers ....... 28 107
4849 Young, G ..... Sergeant ...... – U. S. colored troops ............
4850 Young, Jacob ...... K 13th Michigan ....... 41 19
4851 Young, James ........ G 13th Michigan ....... 41 16
4852 Young, George W ........ F 1st Michigan ......... 41 48
4853 Young, Warren ....... I 14th Michigan ........ 41 112
4854 Young, Richard ....... A 1st New York engineers ....... 33 4
4855 Zand, Z. J...... Lieutenant .... B 111th Illinois ....... 4 26
4856 Zimmons, Abram .... Private .... G 33d U. S. colored troops ...... 30 121
4857 Zeigler, Moses ....... K 147th Pennsylvania ....... 38 171
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GOODMAN, PHILIP. Franklin Street. New York, 1942 [life and customs in a Philadelphia Jewish community at the turn of the century].
JASTROW, MORRIS. "Notes on the Jews of Philadelphia from Published Annals,"
American Jewish Historical Society, Publications, I (1893), 49-61.
KRAMER, JUDITH R. AND LEVENTAM, SEYMOUR. Children of the Gilded Ghetto:
Conflict Resolutions of Three Generations of American Jews. New Haven:
Shoe String Press, 1961.
KUNTZ, LEONARD IRVIN. "The Changing Pattern of the Distribution of the Jewish
Population of Pittsburg from Earliest Settlement to 1963." Unpublished Ph.D.
dissertation, Louisiana State University, 1970.
McCORMICK, BENARD. "What's a Nice Jewish Boy Like You Doing in a Place Like
This?" Philadelphia Magazine, LXI (February, 1970), 62-63.
MARUS, JACOB R. The Colonial American Jew: 1492-1776. 3 vols. Detroit: Wayne
State University Press, 1970.
(ed). Memoirs of American Jews, 1775-1865. 3 vols. Philadelphia:
Jewish Publication Society of America, 1955.
MILLER, JULIA. "Jews Connected with History of Pittsburgh, 1749-1865: Un-
published M.A. thesis, University of Pittsburg, 1930.
MORAIS, HENRY S. The Jews of Philadelphia: Their History From the Earliest
Settlements to the Present Time. Philadelphia: The Levytype Co., 1894.
MOYNE, ERNEST J. "The Hazlitt's Jewish Settlement at Lancaster, Pennsylvania,"
American Jewish Historical Society, Publications, IX (1901), 29-44,
PINE, KURT. "The Jews in the Hill District of Pittsburg, 1910-1940: A Study of
Trends." Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 1943.
ROSENBACH, ABRAHAM. "Notes on the First Settlement of Jews in Pennsylvania,
1655-1703," American Jewish Historical Society, Publications, V (1897), 191-98.
ROSENBACK, HYMAN. The Jews in Philadelphia Prior to 1800. Philadelphia: E. Stern
& Co., 1883,
ROSENBLOOM, JOSEPH. A Biographical Dictionary of Early American Jews: Colonial
Times Through 1800. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1960 [a basic
tool for the study of American Jewish History].
Second Annual Report of the Association of Jewish Immigrants.... Philadelphia,
1886.
SELLER, MAXINE S. "Isaac Leeser: A Jewish-Christian Dialogue in Antebellum Phila-
delphia," Pennsylvania History, XXXV (1968), 231-42.
SHILOH, AILON, ET AL. By Myself I'm a Book! An Oral History of the Immigrant
Jewish Experience in Pittsburgh. Waltham, Mass.: American Jewish Historical
Society, 1972.
Statistics of the Jews of the United States complied under the authority of the
Board of Delegates of American Israelites... Philadelphia, 1880.
STERN, MALCOLM H. "Two Jewish Functionaries in Colonial Pennsylvania," Ameri-
can Jewish Historical Quarterly, LVII (1967-68),24-51
SULZBERGER, DAVID. "The Beginnings of Russo-Jewish to Philadelphia,"
American Jewish Historical Society, Publications, XIX (1910), 125-50.
TIERKEL, DAVID B. "Jerusalem, in Philadelphia," Philadelphia Jewish American
(November 13, 1908) [Yiddish].
TRACHTENBERG, JOSHUA. An American Jewish Community, Easton Pennsylvania,
on Its Two Hundredth Anniversary. New York: American Jewish Historical
Society, 1952.
Consider the Years: The Story of the Jewish Community of Easton,
1752-1942. Easton: Centennial Committee of Temple Birth Sholom, 1944.
The 250th Anniversary of the Jews in the United States. New York: New York
Co-operative Society, 1905
26
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2
in Birmingham asked us to be on call to engage in a nonviolent
direct-action program if such were deemed necessary. We readily
consented, and when the hour came, we lived up to our promise. So I,
along with several members of my staff, am here because I was
invited here. I am here because I have organizational ties here.
But more basically, I am in Birmingham because injustice is
here. Just as the prophets of the eighth century B.C. left their
villages and carried their "thus saith the Lord" far beyond the
boundaries of their home towns, and just as the Apostle Paul left his
village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far
corners of the Greco-Roman world, so am I compelled to carry the
gospel of freedom beyond my own home town. Like Paul, I must
constantly respond to the Macedonian call for aid.
Moreover, I am cognizant of the interrelatedness of all
communities and states. I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and
not be concerned about what happens in Birmingham.
Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.1 We
are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single
garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all
indirectly. Never again can we afford to live with the narrow,
provincial "outside agitator" idea. Anyone who lives inside the
United States can never be considered an outsider anywhere within
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[ Page 8 ]
The war and the necessary curtailment of expenditure during the
reconstruction years have suspended the construction of many needed public
work. Moreover, the time has arrived when we must undertake a larger
visioned development of our water resources. Every drop which runs to
the sea without yielding its full economic service is a waste.
Nearly all of our greater drainages contain within themselves possibilities
of cheapened transportation, irrigation, reclamation, domestic
water supply, hydro-electric power and frequently the necessities of flood
control. But this development of our waters requires more definite national
policies in the systematics co-ordination of those different works upon each
drainage area. We have wasted scores of millions by projects undertaken
not as part of a whole but as the consequence of purely local demands. We
cannot develop modernized water transportation by isolated projects. We
must develop it as a definite and positive inter connected system of transportation.
We must adjust reclamation and irrigation to our needs for
more land. Where they lie together we must co-ordinate transportation with
flood control, the development of hydro-electric power and of irrigation,
else we shall as in the past commit errors that will take years and millions
to remedy. The Congress has authorized and has in process of legislation
great programs of public works. In addition to the works in development
of water resources, we have in progress large undertakings in public roads
and the construction of public buildings.
All these projects will probably require an expenditure of upwards
of one billion dollars within the next four years. It comprises the largest
engineering construction ever undertaken by any government. It involves
three times the expenditure laid out upon the Panama Canal. It is justified
by the growth, need, and wealth of our country. The organization and
administration of this construction is a responsibility of the first order.
For it we must secure the utmost economy, honesty, and skill. These
works which will provide jobs for an army of men should so far as
practicable be adjusted to take up the slack of unemployment elsewhere.
I rejoice in the completion of legislation providing adequate flood
control of the Mississippi. It marks not alone the undertaking of a great
national task but it constitutes a contribution to the development of the
South. In encouragement of their economic growth lies one of the great
national opportunities of the future.
I recently stated my position upon the 18th Amendment which I
again repeat:
"I do not favor the repeal of the 18th Amendment. I stand for the
efficient enforcement of the laws enacted thereunder. Whoever is chosen
President has under his other the solemn duty to pursue this course.
"Our country has deliberately undertaken a great social and economic
experiment, noble in motive and far-reaching in purpose. It must be
worked out constructively."
Common sense compels us to realize that grave abuses have occurred
--abuses which must be remedied. An organized searching investigation
of fact and causes can alone determine the wise method of correcting them.
Crime and disobedience of law cannot be permitted to break down the
Constitution and laws of the United States.
Modification of the enforcement laws which would permit that which
the Constitution forbids is nullification. This the American people will
not countenance. Change in the Constitution can and must be brought
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98 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
instrument itself, and of the history of the English law
of attainder, will make it evident that the framers of
the constitution, in drafting Sect. 3 of Art. III. did not
design to restrain Congress from declaring against the
traitor himself, his person or estate, such penalties
as it might deem sufficient to atone for the highest of
crimes.
Whenever a person had committed high treason in
England, and had been duly indicted, tried, and convicted,
and when final judgment of guilty, and sentence
of death or outlawry, had been pronounced upon him,
the immediate and inseparable consequence, by common
law, of the sentence of death or outlawry of the
offender for treason, and for certain other felonies, was
attainder. Attainder means, in its original application,
the staining or corruption of the blood of a criminal
who was in the contemplation of law dead. He then
became "attinctus -- stained, blackened, attainted."
CONSEQUENCES OF ATTAINDER.
Certain legal results followed from attainder, among
which are the following: The convict was no longer of
any credit or reputation. He could not be a witness
in any court. He was not capable of performing the
legal functions of any other man; his power to sell or
transfer his lands and personal estate ceased. By anticipation
of his punishment he was already dead in law,*
except when the fiction of the law would protect him
from some liability to others which he had the power
to discharge. It is true that the attained felon could
not be murdered with impunity,†but the law preserved
* 3 Inst. 213 †Foster, 73.
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DICKSON, R.J. Ulster Emigration to Colonial America, 1718-1775. London: Routledge
& Kegan Paul, 1966.
DINSMORE, JOHN W. The Scotch-Irish in America: Their History, Traits, Institutions
and Influences. Chicago: Winona Publishing Co., 1906.
DUNAWAY, WAYLAND F. The Scotch-Irish of Colonial Pennsylvania. Chapel Hill:
University of North Carolina Press, 1944.
EGLE, WILLIAM H. "Landmarks of Early Scotch-Irish Settlement in Pennsylvania,"
Scotch-Irish Congress, Proceedings, VIII (1896).
------- (ed.) Notes and Queries: Historical, Biographical and Genealogical:
Relating Chiefly to Interior Pennsylvania. 4 vols. Harrisburg: Telegraph
Press 1881-96.
EVANS, SAMUEL. "Scotch-Irish Settlement of Donegal, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania,"
Scotch-Irish Congress, Proceedings, VIII (1896), 212-18.
FORD, HENRY J. The Scotch-Irish in America. Hamden, Conn.: Shoe String Press,
1969 [reprint of 1915 edition].
FUTHEY, J. SMITH. "The Scotch-Irish," Lancaster County Historical Society, Papers,
XI (1907), 220-31.
GARLAND, ROBERT. The Scotch-Irish in Western Pennsylvania. Pittsburgh: Carnegie
Library, 1923.
GREEN, E.R.R. (ed.) Essays in Scotch-Irish. New York: Humanities Press,
1969.
----------."Scotch-Irish Emigration, An Imperial Problem," Western Pennsylvania
Historical Magazine, XXXV (1952), 193-209.
HANNA, CHARLES A. The Scotch-Irish, or the Scot in North Britain, North Ireland,
and North America. 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1968
[reprint of 1902 edition].
HENSEL, WILLIAM V. "The Scotch-Irish, Their Impress in Lancaster County,"
Lancaster County Historical Society, Papers, IX (1905), 246-68.
HERSH, GRIER. "The Scotch-Irish in New York and Adams Counties, Pennsylvania,"
Scotch-Irish Congress, Proceedings, VIII (1896), 319-79.
HOWIE, MATTIE M. "Ulster Township," The Settler, VIII (Feb., 1970), 8-13.
KLETT, GUY S. The Scotch-Irish in Pennsylvania. Gettysburg: Pennsylvania Historical
Association, 1948.
-----------."Scotch-Irish Presbyterian Pioneering Along the Susquehanna River,"
Pennsylvania Folklife, XVIII (Spring, 1969), 21-25.
LEYBURN, JAMES G. The Scotch-Irish: A Social History. Chapel Hill: University
of North Carolina Press, 1962.
MCKENNA, JOHN J. "Early Scotch-Irish and Irish in Berks County," Historical Review
of Berks County, XV (1949-50), 212-13, 221, 223.
MCMEAN, ROBERT. "The Scotch-Irish of the Juniata Valley," Scotch-Irish Congress,
Proceedings, VIII (1896), 110-29.
MEGINNESS, JOHN F. "The Scotch-Irish of the Upper Susquehanna Valley," Scotch-
Irish Congress, Proceedings, VIII (1896), 159-69.
METZ, W. RAY. "Early Days of the Scots-Irish in Blair County," Blair County Historical
Society, Bulletin, I (1957), 3-10.
MOFFAT, JAMES D. "Pioneer Educators in Washington County, Pennsylvania,"
Scotch-Irish Congress, Proceedings, VIII (1896), 180-87.
MORROW, PAOLI S. "The Scotch-Irish of Fayette County, Pennsylvania," Scotch-
Irish Congress, Proceedings, V (1893), 166-77.
NEAD, BENJAMIN M. "The Scotch-Irish Movement in the Cumberland Valley of
Pennsylvania," Scotch-Irish Congress, Proceedings, VIII (1896), 130-36.
NORCROSS, GEORGE. "The Scotch-Irish in the Cumberland Valley," Scotch-Irish Congress,
Proceedings, VIII (1896), 188-211.
POMEROY, ALBERT N. "The Scotch-Irish Pioneer Settlers of Path Valley," Scotch-
Irish Congress, Proceedings, X (1901), 192-200.
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was kind and opened
grating and let em
sit on bench
in pub [public?] hall --
"poor house built
that way --
so human nature must be
[watched?}
now have a lot of
cottages
-- have big hospital
very badly
managed -- have
lived [for 25?} years
with foreign women
and I assure you
are just like
American women --
bright and [studied?]
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the doomed men, and the poor fellows fell back across their coffins,
almost without a struggle. Every man who saw the terrible sight
seemed to utter a sigh of relief when it was all over.
The bodies of the two men were placed in their coffins, taken to
an old graveyard near by, and there buried. Most of the shots took
effect in the men's breasts, but one bullet struck one of them on the
wrist, just beside the irons that bound his hands together, and nearly
severed the hand from the arm.
The Second New Hampshire was faced to the right immediately
after the execution, marched outside the hollow square, and thence to
its camp. The other regiments and the two pieces of artillery also
returned to their camps, and the awful tragedy was over.
My regiment was not under arms, and I was permitted to observe
very accurately everything connected with the execution. I stood
within twenty paces or less of the men when they were executed, and
was not more than five or six paces from the firing party. I did not
learn the names of the unfortunate men, nor where their homes had
been. They were both young, neither one being past thirty years of
age, possibly not past twenty-five. Nothing in army life is so awful,
or so impressive, as an execution of this character.
CHAPTER VIII.
CAPTAINS GORDON AND SMITH.
On the first or second day after the execution of the two men
belonging to the Second New Hampshire Regiment, as described in
the preceding article, I was detailed as a member of the court martial
before which they had been tried. The court held its sessions in an
old log house in Yorktown, within the strong earthwork on which we
had worked so many days during the preceding fall and winter. Its
sittings continued about three weeks, and its work was "trying" men
who had attempted to desert from the Second New Hampshire Regiment,
and were captured. These three weeks covered my first and
last experience as a member of a court martial. About twenty-five or
thirty of these men were tried before the court while I was a member
of it.
The court consisted of nine officers, besides the judge advocate,
and was pesided over by the Major of the Second New Hampshire
Regiment. The duties of a judge advocate before a court martial are
similar to the duties of a prosecuting attorney before a criminal court
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[*Ballot*]
Search Work in the Study of History
By Francis B. Atkhinson, Editor Little Chronicle, Chicago.
FIRST ARTICLE.
AS THE third in the series of articles
on the application of geography
to life, I had planned to
illustrate how any lesson in geography
might be applied to the president's
message; how it might be used to determine
the response of the pupil-citizen
to the recommendations of his president,
and how, in turn, these recommendations
could be used to illuminate
the subject matter of the lesson. Some
recitations in history at which I had
the pleasure of being present recently,
in the high school at Hommond, Ind.,
gave me the suggestion that I might,
perhaps, accomplish this and the further
and larger purpose illustrating the
applications of history to current life,
at one and the same time.
The subject matter of the lessons
was the struggle of the plebians with the
patricians, which resulted in the
granting to the latter of the rights of
citizenship. In the previous assignment
of the lesson of which I am now
about to speak, the attention of pupils
was called to several of the subjects
dealth with in the message, and the
probable relation of these subjects to
the lesson, briefly discussed. The
phases of the message selected largely
followed the line of the pupil's voluntary
interest. This was the first time
the experiment of using current history
as a means of teaching past, had been
tried. While few of the pupils at first
discovered, without suggestions, logical
relations between the past and present, it
is notable that some did; and that after
the process of thinking by which logical
relations were established, had been illustrated
by in the case of a few pupils,
the progress of others in the same direction
was rapid.
As an example of the kind of suggestion
necessary to set the pupil on a
profitable line of investigation, I may
mention the case of one, who upon
being asked what in the president's
message had interested him the most, said
the president's position that Chinese
laborers should not be admitted to this
country. He said it interested him but
he could see no connection between that
and the struggle of the plebians. He
was asked what reason President Roosevelt
gave for objecting to the admission
of the Chinese. He said his reason was
that the Chinese were not fitted to become
American citizens; and that no
immigrant should be admitted who
would not, in the end, be fit to assume
the duties of American citizenship. A
final question as to the object of the
struggle between the patricians and
plebians brought the reply (together
with a quick illumination of countenance)
that it was a struggle for the
rights of citizenship. He was then
asked to turn to the index of his textbook
under Citizenship, sub-division Roman,
and see what he could tell the
class next day about Roman citizenship
as a part of the story of the struggle
between the patricians and plebians,
and its effects, direct and indirect, upon
the national life. His contribution to
the next day's recitation proved most
interesting and valuable. It had been
collected from seven sources, on as
many different pages, but all within
the textbook, thus bringing these things
together and organizing them around
the struggle between the patricians and
the plebs. His report may be summarized
as follows:
Preceding the struggle of the plebs
for equal rights (509 to 287 B. C.) the
revolt of the Latin allies of the Romans
had resulted in their defeat and the establishment
among them of a graded
system of citizenship, some having full
citizenship, but most of them being allowed
a voice only in home affairs. In
275, after the defeat of Pyrrhus, the
inhabitants of all the Italian cities were
divided into two classes, citizens and
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A COMPLETE
KEY
TO THE
TEACHERS' ASSISTANT,
OR
System of Practical Arithmetic;
COMPILED BY STEPHEN PIKE;
IN WHICH
THE OPERATION OF ALL THE EXAMPLES NECESSARY FOR
THE LEARNER ARE EXHIBITED AT LARGE,
AND SOLUTIONS GIVEN TO
All the Promiscuous Questions
THROUGHOUT THE WORK.
PRINCIPALLY DESIGNED TO FACILITATE THE LABOUR OF
TEACHERS, AND ASSIST THOSE WHO HAVE NOT
THE OPPORTUNITY OF THEIR INSTRUCTION.
COMPILED BY F. M'KENNEY.
Fourth Edition, revised and adapted to the new stereotype edition of
the Teachers' Assistant.
PHILADELPHIA:
PUBLISHED BY M. POLOCK.
1852.
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[*Filed Nov. 13. 1856*]
ENTERED according to Act of Congress, in the year 1856, by
CHARLES SCRIBNER,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.
W. H. TINSON, STEREOTYPER.
GEORGE RUSSELL & CO., PRINTERS.
[*LC*]
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The Years I Like Best
lived just for ourselves and our children
before that! Now we are living for the world.
We are grandparents, not to the six little
folks that belong to us, but to all children
wherever they grow."
At sixty the normal human is conscious
that he has been gradually sloughing off
certain attributes which had unconsciously
weighed him down in earlier years, and he
emerges from the process with a sense of new-found
freedom. Jealousy, that jaundiced
emotion of the wild beast, which lingers in the
human and makes him, both individually and
collectively, do illogical and contemptible
things, drops away. At sixty there is room
in the world for everybody and no place for
jealousy. Hate, too, is an animal trait which
the human at sixty casts aside. Fear, that
specter that robs all the earlier decades of life
of the happiness which should be theirs, begins
to fade away, and a restful calm, unknown in
any other period of life, settles of one.
The unfortunate man or woman who
through inherited traits bears the world a sour
grouch, or who still carries financial worries,
may never receive the normally splendid
heritage of sixty-plus, but to the normal ones,
who aimed early at a continued assurance of
the family roof over their heads and food for
their tables and have achieved both, the
sixtieth birthday marks promotion into the
only truly emancipated class of humans.
YOUTH says there si no "pep" in the man of
sixty. That is merely a tradition which
mothers should spank out of their children.
Men and women at sixty do not rush into
battles with the excited abandon of younger
ones, but it is not because the fight in them has
been sapped; it is because they know most
contests do not pay. Their memories call to
mind a long list in their own experience, and
when hot-headed youth is stirring up another
conflict, they cast balances and observe that
the penalties in all kinds of "fights," from a
church row to a world war, are far more
numerous than rewards. A grandfather may
not cut an appropriate figure climbing a tree to
pick apples, and "pep" may seem to be
lacking when he makes the venture, but in a
council where sane and sober wisdom is needed,
he is where he should be, and is "peppy"
enough for all purposes. Most of our Presidents
have been in their sixties, and although,
as will be admitted, they have been accused
of most of the sins in the calendar, no one
has charged them with being too old or too
young. Forty is not the prime of life. That is
another tradition. Sixty is.
Sixty is an achievement. It has been
accummulating wisdom for six decades. It
has seen two generations, and within that time
everything that can possibly happen to the
race has happened. Wars, big and little,
earthquakes, fires and floods, epidemics, and
every possible variety of political stupidity
come in the list. Sixty-plus is familiar with
them all. What does a man know who has
only one little generation of experience to
judge by? The man who from his hill-top
of sixty looks back over two can make comparison.
To him it is given to distinguish the
essentials from the non-essentials. He notes
the never-halting trail of progress onward
and upward and sees that it will lead on--
ever upward. He views with patience and
composure the emotion younger men and
women are wasting on trifles, and knows they
will be calmer and more sensible at sixty.
He has less respect for the young man's
boasted "pep" than he once had, and much
more in the infinity of God's mercy.
Ah, fellow men and women of sixty-plus,
it is our right to be well, happy, and useful.
It is our normal heritage to put fear, dread,
hate, and foolish fuss over nothings out of our
lives. If we were really normal, there would
be forty years in this period of healthy, useful
living, but even as it is, ours is the glorious
age.
Priscilla Dean's
favorite is
Kingnut
Devil's Food
HERE'S the recipe for Miss Dean's
favorite cake. Try it and see what
a delicious devil's food it makes--and how
long it keeps moist!
4 sqrs. bitter chocolate, 1/4 cup boiling
water, 1/2 cup Kingnut, 1 1/4 level cup
sugar, 1 tsp. vanilla, 3 eggs separated, 2
level tsp. bk. powder, 2 level cups flour,
1/4 level tsp. salt, 1/2 cup milk. Melt the
chocolate, add water, cook over hot water
until smooth. Cream Kingnut and sugar
thoroughly together, add chocolate, vanilla,
egg yolks well beaten. Beat well,
folding in whites of eggs beaten stiff.
Divide into three greased and floured
layer tins and bake in moderate oven 25
minutes. Cool and put together with
following frosting--2 sqrs. bitter chocolate,
1 tblsp. Kingnut (melted), 4 tblsp. cold
coffee, add powdered sugar until right
consistency
Use Kingnut table
It is made from cocoanuts, peanuts and
pasteurized milk. As a spread for bread
it is pure, wholesome and delicious.
KELLOGG PRODUCTS, INC.
BUFFALO, N. Y.
Write for book of recipes
KINGNUT
TO SPREAD ON BREAD
TO ENRICH YOUR COOKING
BULL'S HEAD
English
Mustard
Please!
A request generally made by the
connoisseur of good foods.
COLMAN'S Double Superfine
MUSTARD is often spoken of as
English mustard and English mustard
is conceded to be the best in the
world--Colman's has been in use
for over 100 years.
The man who travels knows that it
improves the flavor of foods and
that it sharpens the appetite and aids
digestion--that is why English mustard
is always asked for.
The Mustard Pot should be on every
table--at every meal--in every home.
Write for our new mustard recipe book
--sent free on request.
J. & J. COLMAN (U.S.A.) Ltd.
Dept. M-30. 90 W. Broadway, New York
COLMAN'S
DOUBLE SUPERFINE
MUSTARD
By this MODERN glass!
The Bulge Protects
The Edge
ELIMINATES 50% of breakage and
nicking.
The graceful, patented bulge protects the
edge--and strengthens the glass.
Made of sparkling crystal--exquisitely
thin and clear.
Enjoyed in 100,000 up-to-date homes.
Many beautiful designs and decorations
at surprisingly low prices.
INSIST ON NONIK. Send for complete price list.
The Nonik Glassware Corporation
Mohawk Bldg. 5th Ave. & 21st St., N. Y. C.
NONIK
TRADE MARK
REG. U.S. PAT. OFFICE
MAKE
IRIDOR
CANDIES
Fascinating and lucrative occupation skillfully
taught by correspondence. Also resident
courses. French, Spanish, German
spoken. Booklet A-1 on request. Dorit K.
Weigert, director (Instructor Y.W.C.A.)
IRIDOR SCHOOL
For Professional Candy Making
17 West 49th St., New York.
184 October 1923 Good Housekeeping
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No 212
Filed May 26, 1858
C. Grate Propr
Entered, according to an Act of Congress, in the Clerk's Office, of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, by C. GRATE, April 20th, 1858.
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Thurs. Nov 18, 1897
Worked at printing office.
Lunch at Journal Office.
Talked with Aunt Isabel about Vardapet that Made of dummy.
Friday 19
Kept office hours. Mr
Papazian + Mr. Yacubian
call in the evening
Saturday 20
Attended committee meeting of Arm. Benevolent Ass'n
but Mr. Skiergian's studis
+ then meeting at Tyler St.
Chapel, Debate between Mr.
Sclian, Mr. Papazian +
others
Sun Nov 21 1897
Went to church. Sermon
about Nemiah. Drove over
with Papa + lunched with
Mrs. Bowne. Professor away
Gave Harry a Shakespeare
lesson in evening.
Monday 23
Attended Bazaar committee
meeting in P.M. In
A.M., sorted Armenian
papers, letters +c, looking for material for folk-lore
preface.
Tuesday 23
Went to Public Library, to return
"Women of Turkey", + met Kevork
Buchakfian + Tevori Schan on
the steps. Attended fortnightly
meeting, + in evening but
with Papa to very small meeting of Dorchester Wo-
man Suffrage Leage at Gertrude Jacobs's.
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Turner Broadcasting 14 TRUMPET AWARDS
TURNER BROADCASTING SYSTEM, INC.
Saluting African American Achievement
ANNUAL TRUMPET AWARDS
CAROLE SIMPSON
Carole Simpson is anchor of "World News Sunday" and an emmy-award winning senior correspondent for ABC News, who
reports most frequently on family and social issues for the "American Agenda" series on "World News Tonight with Peter Jennings." Her
reports have also appeared "20/20", "NIGHTLINE" and other ABC News programs and specials. She has also substituted for Peter
Jennings on "World News Tonight."
Ms. Simpson, who had been a television broadcaster for more than 20 years, came to ABC News from NBC News, in 1982. For
six years, she covered Vice President George Bush, accompanying him on domestic and foreign trips, and his 1988 presidential campaign.
At NBC News she covered the U.S. Congress and hosted a women's public affairs program on Washington's NBC affiliate, WRC-TV.
Her television broadcasting career began in Chicago at WMAQ-TV. Prior to joining NBC News, she was a journalism instructor
at Northwestern University. She also spent two years as a journalism instructor at Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. Ms. Simpson is a
graduate of the University of Michigan with a B.A. in journalism and did graduate work at the University of Iowa.
In 1990, she was a member of the "NIGHTLINE" team in South Africa. She helped anchor ABC's live coverage of the release of Nelson
Mandela from his 27 year imprisonment. While reporting on a victory celebration in Johannesburg, Ms. Simpson was injured during a
melee between blacks and the South African police. Ms. Simpson has also anchored live, many major breaking news stories, such as the
Persian Gulf War, the Tien An Mien Massacre, the fall of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos, and the Clarence Thomas - Anita Hill
hearings.
During the 1992 presidential campaign, Ms. Simpson was moderator of the second presidential debate in Richmond, Virginia, the
first presidential debate in history to have a town meeting format. Ms. Simpson was also one of the reporters on the critically-acclaimed
documentary, "BLACK IN WHITE AMERICA," and she anchored three hour-long ABC News specials: "THE CHANGING AMERICAN FAMILY,"
"PUBLIC SCHOOL IN CONFLICT" and "SEX AND VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA."
She has received numerous awards for her reporting on social issues, particularly those involving children and families, and for her
efforts to improve opportunities for women and minorities in the broadcasting industry. In addition to an EMMY and a DuPONT AWARD,
Ms. Simpson has won the MILESTONE IN BROADCASTING AWARD from the NATIONAL COMMISSION ON WORKING WOMEN; was inducted into the
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA COMMUNICATIONS HALL OF FAME; received the UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI'S DISTINGUISHED JOURNALISTIC AWARD; a STAR AWARD
from the AMERICAN WOMEN IN RADIO AND TELEVISION; and in 1992, she was named JOURNALIST OF THE YEAR by the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BLACK JOURNALISTS.
Ms. Simpson is married to James Marshall and they have two children.
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the colored people have
made in twenty-five years,
not all in a line to be
sure. People do not go
up the hill in that way.
Their burdens are too heavy
and depressing; their multitudes
fall and are lost;
but their leaders press on
and on, and at last succeed.
Letters and papers from
some of their schools in the
South show a grant advance
and a great encouragement.
I am somewhat
surprised that it is
found so difficult to keep
young boys steadily at
work at anything in school
or out of school. But I don't
know that I ought to be.
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186a = [?ween] the two armies, the slaughter was fearful, while a continuous
shower of iron hail was pouring on the heads of the
Confederates, the fortune of the day seemed to be vascillating
from side to side. Col Webster Chief of Staff of Genl. Grant, collected
all the guns which remained untaken, and formed
them into a semicircle bearing upon the Rebel army, and
opened a formidable assault upon their line. These Combined
salutes, raised the courage of the federal forces, which had
been fighting for so many hours, disheartened the enemy.
The death of Albert Sydney Johnston became known, which
added misfortune to their panic. At half past ten the federals
had regained all the[y] lost the preceding day, at that
moment the rebels concentrated their efforts for a grand assault.
Suddenly and with great concert they hurled their furious squadrons
on the advancing federals. Stunned by the attack the latter
reeled and the entire right gave way. At this critical moment Genl
Buell arrived at this part of the field and assumed command of the same. He soon comprehended the relative position of the
combatants, and ordered forward a double quick movement by
Brigade. By half past two o'clock the entire right of the enemy
was routed, they lost all in position of the field which they had
gained, the captured guns of the federals were retaken, and some
additional trophies were wrested from the retreating enemy.
For that part of the federal line when the brigades of
Crittenden, McCook, Smith, & Bogle were posted a contesed of equal
intensity took place. At one time the federals were overpowered and retreated,
but was recovered by the spirited shells thrown into
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