question stringlengths 14 399 | distractor3 stringlengths 1 63 | distractor1 stringlengths 1 57 | distractor2 stringlengths 1 62 | correct_answer stringlengths 1 67 | support stringlengths 0 3.56k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What is the name of the hollow nerve cord along the back of chordates? | phloem | zetacord | mesoderm | notochord | |
What term is used to describe the amount of space occupied by a sample of matter? | mass | liquid | growth | volume | Volume is the amount of space occupied by a sample of matter. |
What are responsible for the bending movements of the organelle? | pores | sporozoans | muscles | dyneins | |
What are formed when primary pollutants interact with sunlight, air, or each other? | secondary contaminants | cross pollutants | typical pollutants | secondary pollutants | Secondary pollutants are formed when primary pollutants interact with sunlight, air, or each other. They do not directly cause pollution. However, when they interact with other parts of the air, they do cause pollution. For example, ozone is created when some pollutants interact with sunlight. High levels of ozone in t... |
The first reaction of the body to tissue damage or infection is called the what response? | retaliatory | defensive | harmful | inflammatory | The cut on your hand may become red, warm, and swollen. These are signs of an inflammatory response. This is the first reaction of the body to tissue damage or infection. As explained in Figure below , the response is triggered by chemicals called cytokines and histamines , which are released when tissue is injured or ... |
Because these components of the endocrine system are transported via blood, they get diluted and are present in low concentrations when they act on their target cells. | minerals | enzymes | antibodies | hormones | Endocrine Signaling Signals from distant cells are called endocrine signals, and they originate from endocrine cells. (In the body, many endocrine cells are located in endocrine glands, such as the thyroid gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary gland. ) These types of signals usually produce a slower response but h... |
Which theory explains how populations of organisms can change over time? | intelligent selection | free by natural selection | changes by natural selection | evolution by natural selection | The theory of evolution by natural selection explains how populations of organisms can change over time. As environments change, so must the traits of organisms if they are to survive in the new conditions. Evolution by natural selection explains how this happens. It also explains why there are so many different specie... |
What forms when the dna in the nucleus wraps around proteins? | ribosomes | rna | genes | chromosomes | To begin mitosis, the DNA in the nucleus wraps around proteins to form chromosomes . Each organism has a unique number of chromosomes. In human cells, our DNA is divided up into 23 pairs of chromosomes. Replicated DNA forms a chromosome made from two identical sister chromatids , forming an "X" shaped molecule ( Figure... |
What is the condition called where pimples form on the skin? | dermatitis | blushing | cramping | acne | About 85 percent of teens develop acne, like the boy in Figure below . Acne is a condition in which pimples form on the skin. It is caused by a bacterial infection. It happens when the sebaceous glands secrete too much sebum. The excess oil provides a good place for bacteria to grow. Keeping the skin clean helps preven... |
Whose laws of motion are the foundation of dynamics? | bell | aristotle | einstein | newton | Introduction to Dynamics: Newton’s Laws of Motion Motion draws our attention. Motion itself can be beautiful, causing us to marvel at the forces needed to achieve spectacular motion, such as that of a dolphin jumping out of the water, or a pole vaulter, or the flight of a bird, or the orbit of a satellite. The study of... |
Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which both species do what? | reproduce | die | suffer | benefit | Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit. An example of mutualism is pictured in Figure below . The clownfish in the photo is hiding among the tentacles of a sea anemone. The tentacles have stingers that can inject poison in the anemone’s prey. The clownfish is protected from the stingers by ... |
What do you call a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions.? | a compound | a participate | a molecule | an element | |
What weather term describes what the temperature feels like when the wind is taken into account? | humidity | windshield | freezing point | windchill | Blizzards are dangerous storms. The wind may blow the snow into deep drifts. Along with the poor visibility, the snow drifts make driving risky. The wind also makes cold temperatures more dangerous. The greater the wind speed, the higher the windchill. Windchill is what the temperature feels like when the wind is taken... |
What device uses electromagnetic induction to change the voltage of electric current? | convection device | electric combustion | electric conductor | electric transformer | An electric generator is a device that changes kinetic energy to electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. An electric transformer is a device that uses electromagnetic induction to change the voltage of electric current. |
What layer of soil usually does not have very small particles like clay? | silt | undersoil | sediment | topsoil | Topsoil usually does not have very small particles like clay. Clay-sized particles are carried to lower layers as water seeps down into the ground. Many minerals dissolve in the fresh water that moves through the topsoil. These minerals are carried down to the lower layers of soil. |
Which type of glaciers form in high mountains and travel through valleys? | seaside glaciers | rocky glaciers | altitude glaciers | alpine glaciers | Continental glaciers form in a central location with ice moving outward in all directions. Alpine glaciers form in high mountains and travel through valleys. Ice caps cover large areas. |
What two types of junctions do animal cells have? | standard and specialized | gap and solid | loose and tight | tight and gap | |
Where does digestion take place within an incomplete digestive system? | central nervous system | lumbar region | abdomen | gastrovascular cavity | Flatworms have an incomplete digestive system. This means that the digestive tract has only one opening. Digestion takes place in the gastrovascular cavity. |
Natural selection cannot create new variations in organisms - these new variations must be created by what, which are usually associated with some sort of abnormality? | pollution | radiation | infection | mutation | Introduction All life on Earth is related. Evolutionary theory states that humans, beetles, plants, and bacteria all share a common ancestor, but that millions of years of evolution have shaped each of these organisms into the forms seen today. Scientists consider evolution a key concept to understanding life. Natural ... |
Gene expression is regulated primarily at the what level? | binding | manufacturing | translational | transcriptional | Gene expression is regulated primarily at the transcriptional level. |
What nullified the idea that all biological catalysts are proteins? | discovery of metabolites | amino acid theory | discovery of enzymes | discovery of ribozymes | |
A tadpole turns into what land mammal? | a pod | a morph | A tortoise. | a frog | |
In physics, what do you call devices that make work easier? | tools | circuits | levers | machines | In this chapter, you saw how pressure and buoyancy of fluids can be used to make work easier — from raising a car on a lift to floating a ship on the ocean. Devices that make work easier are called machines in physics. |
Mars appears red because of large amounts of which element in the soil? | mercury | carbon | coal | iron | Viewed from Earth, Mars is red. This is due to large amounts of iron in the soil. The ancient Greeks and Romans named the planet Mars after the god of war because the planet's red color reminded them of blood. Mars has only a very thin atmosphere made up mostly of carbon dioxide. |
What type of rocks are laid down horizontally with the oldest at the bottom? | igneous | crystalline | metamorphic | sedimentary | Sedimentary rocks are laid down horizontally with the oldest at the bottom. |
What are two types of frozen percipitation? | ice and frost | icycles and icebergs | rain and hail | snow and hail | Snow falls when water vapor condenses as ice crystals. The air temperature is below freezing all the way to the ground, so the ice crystals remain frozen. They fall as flakes. Sleet forms when snow melts as it falls through a layer of warm air and then refreezes. It turns into small, clear ice pellets as it passes thro... |
The bond between the two nitrogen atoms is a what? | quadruple bond | single bond | double bond | triple bond | Solution 1. The bond between the two nitrogen atoms is a triple bond. The Lewis diagram for N2 is as follows:. |
What are the two most common silicates? | Petalite and Analcime | Analcime and Feldspar | Petalite and Quartz | feldspar and quartz | Feldspar and quartz are the two most common silicates. In beryl, the silicate pyramids join together as rings. Biotite is mica. The silicate pyramids come together to create thin, flexible sheets. Compare the beryl and the biotite pictured below ( Figure below ). |
Starch is a large, complex carbohydrate made of thousands of _____ joined together? | glucose divisions ( monomers ) | glucose partitions ( monomers ) | glucose orders ( monomers ) | glucose units (monomers) | Starch is a large, complex carbohydrate made of thousands of glucose units (monomers) joined together. Starches are found in foods such as vegetables and grains. Starches are broken down by the body into sugars that provide energy. Breads and pasta are good sources of complex carbohydrates. |
Newly duplicated chromosomes are divided into two daughter nuclei during what stage? | prophase | meiosis | symphysis | mitosis | During mitosis, the newly duplicated chromosomes are divided into two daughter nuclei. |
As an erythrocyte matures in the red bone marrow, it extrudes its nucleus and most of its other what? | energy | electrons | moisture | organelles | Shape and Structure of Erythrocytes As an erythrocyte matures in the red bone marrow, it extrudes its nucleus and most of its other organelles. During the first day or two that it is in the circulation, an immature erythrocyte, known as a reticulocyte, will still typically contain remnants of organelles. Reticulocytes ... |
What is the tube-like device used to reliably measure lower levels of radiation? | MRI machine | Richter scale | weber counter | geiger counter | These devices are not very sensitive to low levels of radiation, but more sensitive devices are also available that reliably measure the frequency of radioactive events. One such device is the Geiger counter. A Geiger counter is a tube filled with an inert gas that will conduct electricity when exposed to charged radia... |
The conducting zone of the respiratory system includes the organs and structures not directly involved in what? | gold exchange | copper exchange | helium exchange | gas exchange | Functionally, the respiratory system can be divided into a conducting zone and a respiratory zone. The conducting zone of the respiratory system includes the organs and structures not directly involved in gas exchange. The gas exchange occurs in the respiratory zone. |
Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic compounds released by fungi of this? | arthropod class | protist group | genus sporozoa | genus aspergillus | Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic compounds released by fungi of the genus Aspergillus. Periodically, harvests of nuts and grains are tainted by aflatoxins, leading to massive recall of produce. This sometimes ruins producers and causes food shortages in developing countries. |
Four haploid spermatids form during meiosis from what? | the ova | the zygote | the sister chromatic | the primary spermatocyte | Maturation of the ovum. Notice only 1 mature ovum, or egg, forms during meiosis from the primary oocyte. Three polar bodies may form during oogenesis. These polar bodies will not form mature gametes. Conversely, four haploid spermatids form during meiosis from the primary spermatocyte. |
Like people with type 1 diabetes, people with type 2 diabetes must frequently check what level? | heartbeat | glucose | pulse | blood sugar | Some cases of type 2 diabetes can be cured with weight loss. However, most people with the disease need to take medicine to control their blood sugar. Regular exercise and balanced eating also help, and should be a regular part of the treatment for these people. Like people with type 1 diabetes, people with type 2 diab... |
Many species in rhizaria are among the organisms referred to as what? | protozoa | fungi | prokaryotes | amoebas | |
What is the amount actually produced in a reaction called? | minimum yield | individual yield | maximum yield | actual yield | In all the previous calculations we have performed involving balanced chemical equations, we made two assumptions: (1) the reaction goes exactly as written, and (2) the reaction proceeds completely. In reality, such things as side reactions occur that make some chemical reactions rather messy. For example, in the actua... |
Each group of organisms went through its own evolutionary journey, called what? | superfamily | anomalous | zoology | phylogeny | CHAPTER SUMMARY 20.1 Organizing Life on Earth Scientists continually gain new information that helps understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth. Each group of organisms went through its own evolutionary journey, called its phylogeny. Each organism shares relatedness with others, and based on morphologic and g... |
What term refers to the emission of material or energy from an atom's nucleus? | stasis | smog | microscopic | radioactivity | Radioactivity involves the spontaneous emission of material and/or energy from the nucleus of an atom. The most common radioactive atoms have high atomic numbers and contain a large excess of neutrons. Some typical radioactive elements are technetium (atomic number 43), promethium (atomic number 61), and all elements a... |
Which feature in maps allows users to make corrections between magnetic north and true north? | key | inset | scale | double compass rose | Some maps have a double compass rose. This allows users to make the corrections between magnetic north and true north. An example is a nautical chart that boaters use to chart their positions at sea ( Figure below ). |
What is the term for the maintenance of a steady state despite internal and external changes? | consciousness | equilibrium | hypothesis | homeostasis | |
Any structure inside a cell that is enclosed by a membrane is called? | an enclave | an article | a particle | an organelle | The nucleus is an example of an organelle . An organelle is any structure inside a cell that is enclosed by a membrane. Eukaryotic cells may contain many different organelles. Each does a special job. For example, the mitochondrion is an organelle that provides energy to the cell. You can see a mitochondrion and severa... |
The earliest vertebrates were jawless what? | reptiles | mammals | dinosaurs | fish | The earliest vertebrates were jawless fish. They evolved about 550 million years ago. They were probably similar to modern hagfish (see Table above ). The tree diagram in Figure below summarizes how vertebrates evolved from that time forward. |
In which kind of water can less carbon dioxide dissolve? | salt water | cool water | tap water | warm water | If a solute is a gas, increasing the temperature decreases its solubility. For example, less carbon dioxide can dissolve in warm water than in cold water. |
The cochlea is a shell-like structure that is full of fluid and lined with nerve cells called what? | brain cells | sperm cells | red cells | hair cells | The stirrup passes the amplified sound waves to the inner ear through the oval window (see Figure above ). When the oval window vibrates, it causes the cochlea to vibrate as well. The cochlea is a shell-like structure that is full of fluid and lined with nerve cells called hair cells. Each hair cell has tiny hair-like ... |
What is an electrically neutral compound with positive and negative ions? | neutralized molecule | correlated compound | isotope | ionic compound | Most of the rocks and minerals that make up the Earth’s crust are composed of positive and negative ions held together by ionic bonding. An ionic compound is an electrically neutral compound consisting of positive and negative ions. You are very familiar with some ionic compounds such as sodium chloride (NaCl). A sodiu... |
Which direction does the sun, moon, and stars appear to travel? | north to south | south to north | west to east | east to west | Sun, Moon, and stars appear to travel from east to west each day. |
Sulfate is used as a cleaning agent because it is acidic and soluble in what substance? | oxygen | air | salt | water | sulfate is used as a cleaning agent because it is water soluble and acidic. |
Triceps and biceps muscles in the upper arm are an example of what type of muscle relationship? | competitive | synchronized | symbiotic | opposing | Triceps and biceps muscles in the upper arm are opposing muscles. |
Internal metabolism and the external environment are the sources of heat for what? | bioaccumulation | hemeostasis | optimization | thermoregulation | |
What is another term for stored energy? | latency | inertia | mechanical energy | potential energy | Did you ever see a scene like the one in Figure below ? In many parts of the world, trees lose their leaves in autumn. The leaves turn color and then fall from the trees to the ground. As the leaves are falling, they have kinetic energy. While they are still attached to the trees they also have energy, but it’s not bec... |
What occur when elements switch places in compounds? | chemical reaction | chemical interaction | chain reaction | replacement reactions | Replacement reactions occur when elements switch places in compounds. In a single replacement reaction, one element takes the place of another in a single compound. In a double replacement reaction, two compounds exchange elements. |
What does the human heart do? | make blood | destroy blood | use blood | pump blood | The heart of a resting adult pumps blood at a rate of 5.00 3 L/min. (a) Convert this to cm /s . (b) What is this rate in m 3 /s ? 3. Blood is pumped from the heart at a rate of 5.0 L/min into the aorta (of radius 1.0 cm). Determine the speed of blood through the aorta. Blood is flowing through an artery of radius 2 mm ... |
What bond is the force of attraction that holds together positive and negative ions? | magnetic | Protonic | Electric | ionic | An ionic bond is the force of attraction that holds together positive and negative ions. It forms when atoms of a metallic element give up electrons to atoms of a nonmetallic element. Figure below shows how this happens. |
There are five primary tastes in humans: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and what? | tangy | hot | aroma | umami | 36.3 Taste and Smell There are five primary tastes in humans: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami. Each taste has its own receptor type that responds only to that taste. Tastants enter the body and are dissolved in saliva. Taste cells are located within taste buds, which are found on three of the four types of papill... |
Are birds and mammals mainly exothermic or endothermic? | exothermic | autotrophic | hypothermic | endothermic | |
What are the high points in a transverse wave called? | waves | apex | peaks | crests | A transverse wave is characterized by the high and low points reached by particles of the medium as the wave passes through. The high points are called crests, and the low points are called troughs. You can see both in the Figure below . |
Chemistry and physics are fields in what type of science? | Botany | Meteorology | Biology | physical | The space shuttle program has been very successful. Over 100 mission have been flown. Space shuttle missions have made many scientific discoveries. Crews have launched many satellites. There have been other great achievements in space. However, the program has also had two tragic disasters. |
Pyramids of net production and biomass reflect what level of efficiency? | extreme | high | medium | low | |
The rate of flow of charge in an electrical circuit is known as what? | velocity | output | voltage | current | Figure 20.2 The rate of flow of charge is current. An ampere is the flow of one coulomb through an area in one second. |
The vertebrate endoskeleton can also be called what? | deep skeleton | structural skeleton | exoskeleton | internal skeleton | The vertebral column is the core of the vertebrate endoskeleton, or internal skeleton. You can see a human skeleton as an example of the vertebrate endoskeleton in Figure below . In addition to the vertebral column, the vertebrate endoskeleton includes:. |
What can be used to speed up biochemical reactions? | carbohydrates | proteins | hormones | enzymes | pH values for several common materials are listed. |
The abundance of this substance in the atmosphere is what most scientist agree that is causing global warming? | liquid dioxide | argon | iron oxide | carbon dioxide | Most scientists agree that global warming is caused by more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (see Figure below ). This increases the greenhouse effect. There is more carbon dioxide mainly because of the burning of fossil fuels. Destroying forests is another cause. With fewer forests, less carbon dioxide is removed from... |
Most cases of syphilis can be cured with what? | abstinence | vitamins | enzymes | antibiotics | Syphilis is less common than chlamydia or gonorrhea but more serious if untreated. Early symptoms of syphilis infection include a small sore on or near the genitals. The sore is painless and heals on its own, so it may go unnoticed. If treated early, most cases of syphilis can be cured with antibiotics. Untreated syphi... |
How can people access water in an aquifer that does not flow from a spring or a geyser? | evaporation | mound building | generate electricity | dig a well | Most groundwater does not flow out of an aquifer as a spring or geyser. So to use the water that's stored in an aquifer people must go after it. How? They dig a well. A well is a hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer. This is illustrated in Figure below . |
What is the term for animals that have a backbone? | herbivores | carnivores | invertebrates | vertebrates | The first eight phyla listed in Table above include only invertebrate animals. Invertebrates are animals that lack a vertebral column , or backbone . The last phylum in the table, the Chordata, also includes many invertebrate species. Tunicates and lancelets are both invertebrates. Altogether, invertebrates make up at ... |
What type of animal that eats only or mainly insects? | herbivores | anaerobic | invertebrates | heterotrophic | heterotrophic animal that eats only or mainly insects. |
What do you call the zone in a body of water where there is too little sunlight for photosynthesis? | observable zone | semimetal zone | Dark Zone | aphotic zone | Neurons are usually classified based on the role they play in the body. Two main types of neurons are sensory neurons and motor neurons. |
The sweat glands of the armpit are classified as these? | adrenal glands | mucus glands | pineal glands | apocrine glands | Apocrine secretion accumulates near the apical portion of the cell. That portion of the cell and its secretory contents pinch off from the cell and are released. The sweat glands of the armpit are classified as apocrine glands. Both merocrine and apocrine glands continue to produce and secrete their contents with littl... |
Chitin is a substance that is found in what part of animals like beetles and lobsters? | eggs | brains | tails | shell | The cell walls in many species of fungi contain chitin. Chitin is tough carbohydrate found in the shells of animals such as beetles and lobsters. The cell wall of a plant is made of cellulose, not chitin. |
What kind of air does a continental polar air mass hold? | warm dry air | cool moist air | frigid wet air | cold dry air | An air mass takes on the conditions of the area where it forms. For example, a continental polar air mass has cold dry air. A maritime polar air mass has cold moist air. Which air masses have warm moist air? Where do they form?. |
What do you call taxes placed on products that produce carbon dioxide? | emission tax | pollution tax | chemical tax | carbon taxes | Carbon taxes are taxes placed on products that produce carbon dioxide. An example of this is gasoline for your car. The taxes encourage people to use less fossil fuel. This naturally reduces carbon dioxide emissions. |
What does the coefficient in front of an element in a formula indicate? | time of the reaction | number of atoms | place on the Periodic Table | how much is involved in the reaction | In chemical equations, reactants and products are represented by chemical symbols and formulas. Numbers called coefficients are placed in front of the symbols and formulas to show how much of each substance is involved in the reaction. |
Behaviors that occur naturally and are not learned are called what? | acquired | adaptive | intuitive | innate | Many animal behaviors are ways that animals act, naturally. They don’t have to learn how to behave in these ways. Cats are natural-born hunters. They don’t need to learn how to hunt. Spiders spin their complex webs without learning how to do it from other spiders. Birds and wasps know how to build nests without being t... |
Which is the dominant stage of the lifecycle of a fern? | zygote | gametophyte | larvae | sporophyte | The dominant stage of the lifecycle of a fern is the sporophyte, which consists of large compound leaves called fronds. Fronds fulfill a double role; they are photosynthetic organs that also carry reproductive organs. The stem may be buried underground as a rhizome, from which adventitious roots grow to absorb water an... |
What is a specific region in space within which a sensory receptor is responsive to stimuli? | symmetrical field | deceptive field | amplify field | receptive field | CHAPTER SUMMARY 36.1 Sensory Processes A sensory activation occurs when a physical or chemical stimulus is processed into a neural signal (sensory transduction) by a sensory receptor. Perception is an individual interpretation of a sensation and is a brain function. Humans have special senses: olfaction, gustation, equ... |
What changes from heat or pressure during metamorphism? | fossils | carbohydrates | grains | minerals | Metamorphism does not cause a rock to melt completely. It only causes the minerals to change by heat or pressure. If the rock melts completely, it will cool to become an igneous rock. |
Do most substances increase or decrease in size when they change from a liquid to a solid? | it is unable to be measured | increase | stay the same | decrease | This is how ice wedging works. When liquid water changes into solid ice, it increases in volume. You see this when you fill an ice cube tray with water and put it in the freezer. The ice cubes go to a higher level in the tray than the water. You also may have seen this if you put a can of soda into the freezer so that ... |
The highest point of a wave is called? | frequency | surge | threshold | crest | Figure above also shows how the size of waves is measured. The highest point of a wave is the crest. The lowest point is the trough. The vertical distance between a crest and a trough is the height of the wave. Wave height is also called amplitude. The horizontal distance between two crests is the wavelength. Both ampl... |
What is the smallest part of an element called? | nucleus | core | neutron | atom | The smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element is the atom . Atoms actually consist of smaller particles, including protons and electrons, but these smaller particles are the same for all elements. All the atoms of an element are like one another, and are different from the atoms of a... |
Dermal tissue covers the outside of a plant in a single layer of cells called what? | cuticle | cambium layer | scales | the epidermis | Dermal tissue covers the outside of a plant in a single layer of cells called the epidermis . You can think of the epidermis as the plant’s skin. It mediates most of the interactions between a plant and its environment. Epidermal cells secrete a waxy substance called cuticle , which coats, waterproofs, and protects the... |
After fluid collects in nephron tubules in the kidney, where does it move to? | the spleen | the uterus | the prostate | the bladder | The location of nephrons in the kidney. The fluid collects in the nephron tubules and moves to the bladder through the ureter. |
What are external skeletons known as? | scales | tentacles | exoskins | exoskeletons | By the beginning of the Paleozoic, organisms had developed shells. Shells could hold their soft tissues together. They could protect the organisms from predators and from drying out. Some organisms evolved external skeletons, called exoskeletons. Organisms with hard parts also make good fossils. Fossils from the Cambri... |
What is the name for the process where data in the genes is transferred to amino acids? | generation | mutation | transpiration | translation | Remember that proteins are made out of amino acids. How does the information in the gene get converted from the language of nucleotides to the language of amino acids? The process is called translation . The amino acids are placed in a specific order during translation. The order is specified by the codons in the mRNA,... |
What play an important role in the modulation of the nuclear chain reaction? | particle rods | radiation rods | control neutrons | control rods | The control rods play an important role in the modulation of the nuclear chain reaction (usually a collision of a neutron with uranium). Each collision produces more neutrons than were present initially. If left unsupervised, the reaction would soon get out of control. Rods are commonly made of boron or a number of met... |
What preventative measure is often delivered by injection into the arm? | infection | medication | anesthesia | vaccine | Figure 42.18 Vaccines are often delivered by injection into the arm. (credit: U. Navy Photographer's Mate Airman Apprentice Christopher D. Blachly). |
From observations as simple as blowing up a balloon, it is clear that increasing the amount of gas increases what else? | the shift | area | every volume | the volume | The combined gas law, , is true for a particular sample of gas. If any gas is added or allowed to leak out, however, the relationship is lost. In order to get a relationship that is true for any sample of gas, it is necessary to incorporate a term for the amount of gas. From observations as simple as blowing up a ballo... |
What is the scientific term for the amount of light reflected by a surface? | reactivity | prism | inversion | albedo | Albedo is the amount of light reflected by a surface. Sea ice has an albedo of .85, meaning 85% of light is reflected back from its surface (and leaves the Earth) and 15% is absorbed and stays in the Earth; ice-free water has an albedo of .07. (93% of the solar energy is absorbed. ) Thus the observed melting of sea ice... |
What part of the muscle fibers cause shortening and contraction? | collagen | fasciae | pores | myofibrils | The sliding-and-shortening process occurs all along many myofibrils and in many muscle fibers. It causes the muscle fibers to shorten and the muscle to contract. |
How many electrons are in the hydrogen atom? | three | five | two | one | For the hydrogen atom, there is no problem since there is only one electron in the H atom. However, when we get to helium we see that the first three quantum numbers for the two electrons are the same: same energy level, same spherical shape. What differentiates the two helium electrons is their spin. One of the electr... |
If a solution contains so much solute that its solubility limit is reached, the solution is said to be what? | temperatures | carbohydrates | Over done | saturated | If a solution contains so much solute that its solubility limit is reached, the solution is said to be saturated, and its concentration is known from information contained inTable 9.2 "Solubilities of Various Solutes in Water at 25°C (Except as Noted)". If a solution contains less solute than the solubility limit, it i... |
What term describes waves that transfer energy through matter? | energy currents | mechanical currents | temperature waves | mechanical waves | Ocean waves are among the most impressive waves in the world. They clearly show that waves transfer energy. In the case of ocean waves, energy is transferred through matter. But some waves, called electromagnetic waves, can transfer energy without traveling through matter. These waves can travel through space. You can ... |
What is the name of the mechanism in which sounds are encoded in microwaves by changing their frequency? | mechanical modulation | molecular modulation | shape modulation | frequency modulation | Cell phone signals are carried through the air as microwaves. You can see how this works in the Figure below . A cell phone encodes the sounds of the caller’s voice in microwaves by changing the frequency of the waves. This is called frequency modulation. The encoded microwaves are then sent from the phone through the ... |
Grasses such as wheat, rice, and corn are examples of fibrous root systems. fibrous root systems are found in monocots; tap root systems are found in these? | gymnosperms | mosses | monocots | dicots | has a single main root that grows down. A fibrous root system forms a dense network of roots that is closer to the soil surface. An example of a tap root system is a carrot. Grasses such as wheat, rice, and corn are examples of fibrous root systems. Fibrous root systems are found in monocots; tap root systems are found... |
Humans have about 20,000 to 22,000 genes scattered among 23 of these? | atoms | neutrons | ribosomes | chromosomes | The nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell and contains most of the cell's genetic information (mitochondria also contain DNA, called mitochondrial DNA, but it makes up just a small percentage of the cell’s overall DNA content). The gene... |
What is the term for the use of radioactive decay to estimate the ages of fossils and rock? | radioactive illustrating | isotope test | microwave theory | radioactive dating | Radioactive dating is the use of radioactive decay to estimate the ages of fossils and rocks. An example is carbon-14 dating. |
On which ridge does iceland sit? | Pacific rim | Arctic circle | Antarctic ridge | mid-atlantic ridge | Most mid-ocean ridges are located deep below the sea. The island of Iceland sits right on the Mid-Atlantic ridge ( Figure below ). |
How are the major families of organic compounds characterized? | their thermal groups | Their optic groups | their visual groups | their functional groups | In Chapter 2 "Molecules, Ions, and Chemical Formulas" and Chapter 5 "Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions", you were introduced to several structural units that chemists use to classify organic compounds and predict their reactivities. Thesefunctional groups, which determine the chemical reactivity of a molecule under ... |
What do chemotrophs extract energy from? | fatty compounds | liquid compounds | carbon compounds | chemical compounds | A living cell is a system that is not in equilibrium with its surroundings; it requires a constant input of energy to maintain its nonequilibrium state. Cells maintain a low-entropy state by increasing the entropy of their surroundings. Aerobic organisms cannot survive in the absence of O2, whereas anaerobic organisms ... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.