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What lipid, added to certain foods to keep them fresher longer, increases the risk of heart disease? | cholesterol | Omega-3 fatty acids | fatty acids | trans fat | Another type of lipid is called trans fat . Trans fats are manufactured and added to certain foods to keep them fresher for longer. Foods that contain trans fats include cakes, cookies, fried foods, and margarine. Eating foods that contain trans fats increases the risk of heart disease. |
What occurs in a population when its allele frequencies change over time? | extinction | variation | generation | evolution | Evolution occurs in a population when its allele frequencies change over time. For example, the frequency of the A allele might change from 0.7 to 0.8. If that happens, evolution has occurred. What causes allele frequencies to change? The answer is forces of evolution. |
What do some animals use for shelter? | living materials | invisible materials | indestructible materials | nonliving materials | |
In statistics a boundary on the precision and accuracy is known as what? | frequency | instance | median | error | An error is a boundary on the precision and accuracy of the result of a measurement. Some errors are caused by unpredictable changes in the measuring devices (such as balances, rulers, or calipers), but other errors can be caused by reading a measuring device incorrectly or by using broken or malfunctioning equipment. ... |
How many limbs do all mammals have? | two | three | it varies | four | Mammals are endothermic vertebrates with four limbs. Examples of mammals include bats, whales, mice, and humans. Clearly, mammals are a very diverse group. Nonetheless, they share several traits that set them apart from other vertebrates. |
More common in developing countries, parasitic diseases caused by roundworms often result from poor practice of what? | preventative medicine | agriculture | education | personal hygiene | Diseases caused by roundworms are more common in developing countries. Many parasitic diseases caused by roundworms result from poor personal hygiene. Contributing factors may include. |
What type of bacteria stains red? | calcium - negative bacteria | gram - such bacteria | kilogram-negative bacteria | gram-negative bacteria | Bacteria that stain red are called gram-negative bacteria. They have a thin cell wall with an outer membrane. |
The shapes of minerals form as they are broken along what planes? | calcium planes | parallel planes | sedimentary planes | cleavage planes | Minerals can form various shapes. Polygons are pictured below ( Figure below ). The shapes form as the minerals are broken along their cleavage planes. Cleavage planes determine how the crystals can be cut to make smooth surfaces. People who cut gemstones follow cleavage planes. Diamonds and emeralds can be cut to make... |
An atomic symbol is used to represent what? | weight | electron shell | mole | element | Elements are represented by an atomic symbol. |
Mammals can feed at various levels of food chains, as herbivores, insectivores, carnivores and what else? | vegetarians | blood eaters | nematodes | omnivores | Mammals have important roles in the food webs of practically every ecosystem. Mammals are important members of food chains and food webs, as grazers and predators. Mammals can feed at various levels of food chains, as herbivores, insectivores, carnivores and omnivores. |
What are winds that blow over a limited area called? | Periodic Winds | trade winds | Planetary Winds | local winds | Local winds are winds that blow over a limited area. Local winds blow between small low and high pressure systems. They are influenced by local geography. Nearness to an ocean, lake, or mountain range can affect local winds. Some examples are found below. Local winds can affect the weather and climate of a region. |
Descending fibers from the cerebrum have branches that connect to neurons in the pons. those neurons project into the cerebellum, providing a copy of motor commands sent to this? | cerebral cortex | neurotransmitters | umbilical cord | spinal cord | Descending fibers from the cerebrum have branches that connect to neurons in the pons. Those neurons project into the cerebellum, providing a copy of motor commands sent to the spinal cord. Sensory information from the periphery, which enters through spinal or cranial nerves, is copied to a nucleus in the medulla known... |
An element is defined by the number of ____ it contains? | electrons | particles | neutrons | protons | An element is defined by the number of protons it contains. All atoms of a given element contain the same number of protons. The number of neutrons in an element may vary. Atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes . |
What term is used to describe the distance traveled divided by the time it took to travel that distance? | velocity | movement | motion | speed | Speed is the distance traveled divided by the time it took to travel that distance. Velocity is the instantaneous speed and direction. Average velocity is the displacement divided by the time. |
Which gas is released by the group of archaea known as methanogens? | sulfur | butane | propane | methane | Archaea that produce methane are called methanogens. |
Of the four main wobble base pairs, guanine is paired with what? | adenine | thymine | cytosine | uracil | A wobble base pair is a non-Watson Crick base pairing between two nucleotides in RNA molecules. The four main wobble base pairs are guanine-uracil, inocine-uracil, inosine-adenine, and inosine-cytosine. Wobble base pairs are fundamental in RNA secondary structure and are critical for the proper translation of the genet... |
The atoms of a compound are held together by what type of bonds? | radiation | covalent | mineral | chemical | The atoms of a compound are held together by chemical bonds. Chemical bonds form when atoms share electrons. There are different types of chemical bonds, and they vary in how strongly they hold together the atoms of a compound. Two of the strongest types of bonds are covalent and ionic bonds. Covalent bonds form betwee... |
Unlike energy, what happens to matter in ecosystems? | it is destroyed | it is filtered | it does not exist | it is recycled | Living things need nonliving matter as well as energy. What do you think matter is used for? It's used to build bodies. It's also needed to carry out the processes of life. Any nonliving matter that living things need is called a nutrient . Carbon and nitrogen are examples of nutrients. Unlike energy, matter is recycle... |
The anion is the methanoate ion, which is commonly called the what? | glutathione ion | isomer | metabolized ion | formate ion | The anion is the methanoate ion, which is commonly called the formate ion. One reaction to consider is that of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. When combined under the proper conditions, a water molecule will be removed, and the remaining pieces will combine to form a new functional group—the ester functional group:. |
Drinking too much water too fast can lead to what potentially fatal condition, which causes dangerous changes to salt levels? | drowning | inebriation | osmosis | water intoxication | available; if arsenic is an essential trace mineral in human diets, it is probably required on the order of 50 ppb or less. A toxic dose of arsenic corresponds to about 7,000 ppb and higher, which is over 140 times the trace amount that may be required by the body. Thus, arsenic is not poisonous in and of itself. Rathe... |
When electrons move from one atom to another, they become what? | atoms | particles | neons | ions | All compounds form when atoms of different elements share or transfer electrons. In water, the atoms share electrons. In some other compounds, called ionic compounds , atoms transfer electrons. The electrons actually move from one atom to another. When atoms transfer electrons in this way, they become charged particles... |
Another way to classify matter is to describe it as a solid, a liquid, or a gas, which was done in the examples of solutions. these three descriptions, each implying that the matter has certain physical properties, represent the three of these? | forms of substances | phases of mass | types of atoms | phases of matter | Another way to classify matter is to describe it as a solid, a liquid, or a gas, which was done in the examples of solutions. These three descriptions, each implying that the matter has certain physical properties, represent the three phases of matter. A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. Liquids ordinar... |
What is the health-threatening smoke exhaled by a cigarette smoker or released from tobacco products? | primary smoke | secondary smoke | contamination smoke | secondhand smoke | Secondhand smoke , which comes from breathing the smoke release from tobacco products. Secondhand smoke is also the smoke exhaled by a cigarette smoker. This smoke is extremely dangerous to human health. |
Why do waves travel faster through solids? | particles pipe together | particles fuse together | particles range together | particles closer together | The speed of most waves depends on the medium, or the matter through which the waves are traveling. Generally, waves travel fastest through solids and slowest through gases. That’s because particles are closest together in solids and farthest apart in gases. When particles are farther apart, it takes longer for the ene... |
What is the point on the ground that is located directly above where underground rocks fracture (or the "focus" point)? | seismic point | danger zone | fault line | epicenter | The focus is where the rocks rupture. The epicenter is the point on the ground directly above the focus. |
When atoms gain or lose electrons, they can form electrically charged particles called what? | toxins | crystals | eons | ions | In ordinary chemical reactions, the nucleus of each atom (and thus the identity of the element) remains unchanged. Electrons, however, can be added to atoms by transfer from other atoms, lost by transfer to other atoms, or shared with other atoms. The transfer and sharing of electrons among atoms govern the chemistry o... |
What do you call a pure substance that cannot be broken down into different types of substances? | compound | molecule | sample | element | An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into different types of substances. There are almost 120 known elements ( Figure below ), each with its own personality. The chemical and physical properties of one element differ from any other. Elements are arranged according to their properties in the Periodi... |
Natural selection can only take place if there is variation, or differences, among individuals in a population. importantly, these differences must have some genetic basis; otherwise, the selection will not lead to change in this? | mass extinction | fertilization | spontaneous mutation | next generation | Processes and Patterns of Evolution Natural selection can only take place if there is variation, or differences, among individuals in a population. Importantly, these differences must have some genetic basis; otherwise, the selection will not lead to change in the next generation. This is critical because variation amo... |
The large hadron collider is the biggest type of what invention, which boosts particles to high energies? | nuclear reactor | electron microscope | mass spectrometer | particle accelerator | Chemistry in Everyday Life CERN Particle Accelerator Located near Geneva, the CERN (“Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire,” or European Council for Nuclear Research) Laboratory is the world’s premier center for the investigations of the fundamental particles that make up matter. It contains the 27-kilometer (17... |
Metals, metalloids, and nonmetals are the different classes of what? | ions | compounds | structures | elements | The classes of elements are metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. They are color-coded in the table. Blue stands for metals, orange for metalloids, and green for nonmetals. You can read about each of these three classes of elements later in the chapter, in the lesson "Classes of Elements. ". |
What holds homologs together as the spindle forms for the first meiotic division? | spirogyra | magnetism | pollenation | chiasmata | |
In the periodic table, elements are arranged from left to right according to what property? | major mass | metallic mass | real mass | atomic mass | You can see how Mendeleev organized the elements in Figure below . From left to right across each row, elements are arranged by increasing atomic mass. Mendeleev discovered that if he placed eight elements in each row and then continued on to the next row, the columns of the table would contain elements with similar pr... |
What is made of gases that are essential for photosynthesis and other life activities? | stratosphere | air | ocean | atmosphere | The atmosphere is made of gases that are essential for photosynthesis and other life activities. |
When a stream flows from a hard to soft rock area, what is often formed? | a riverbank | a lake | a river | a waterfall | Mountain streams may erode waterfalls. As shown in Figure below , a waterfall forms where a stream flows from an area of harder to softer rock. The water erodes the softer rock faster than the harder rock. This causes the stream bed to drop down, like a step, creating a waterfall. As erosion continues, the waterfall gr... |
What term means taking used items and materials and turning them into something new? | feeding | reproducing | collecting | recycling | recycling: Takes used items and materials and turns it into something new. For example, 98% of car batteries are recycled today. In the processing plant, the plastic materials are separated from the lead, so the plastic can then be used for many applications. |
What lets different species of anole lizards live in the same area without competing? | variation | concentration | cooperation | specialization | Specialization in Anole Lizards. Specialization lets different species of anole lizards live in the same area without competing. |
What are made in the first step of the scientific method? | conclusions | patterns | hypothesis | observations | Scientific investigations generally follow a process called the scientific method. Steps of the scientific method include making observations, asking a question, forming a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, drawing a conclusion, and communicating the results. |
What type of organisms do not need blood? | marine | cold-blooded | vertebrate | single-celled | Single-celled organisms do not need blood. They obtain nutrients directly from and excrete wastes directly into their environment. The human organism cannot do that. Our large, complex bodies need blood to deliver nutrients to and remove wastes from our trillions of cells. The heart pumps blood throughout the body in a... |
What type of plants are the mosses, the hornwarts, and the liverworts considered to be? | xerophyte | spirogyra | Vascular | nonvascular | Nonvascular plants include the mosses, the hornworts, and the liverworts. |
Wearing what will reduce the amplitude of sound waves entering the ears? | hardhat | goggles | megaphone | hearing protectors | Hearing loss due to loud sounds can be prevented by wearing hearing protectors. They reduce the amplitude of sound waves entering the ears. |
What type of motion only occurs when there is one force applied at the beginning of the trajectory after which there is no interference apart from gravity? | thrust | velocity | propellant | projectile | projectile motion: A form of motion where a particle (called a projectile) is thrown obliquely near the earth's surface, & it moves along a curved path under the action of gravity. The path followed by a projectile motion is called its trajectory. Projectile motion only occurs when there is one force applied at the beg... |
What type of energy is produced when two objects move together? | physical energy | potential energy | molecular energy | mechanical energy | |
Which form of matter assumes the shape of its container? | crystals | solids | liquids | gas | Gases assume the shape of their container. |
What type of energy is possessed by autumn leaves before they fall? | radioactive energy | mechanical energy | kinetic energy | potential energy | Before leaves fall from trees in autumn, they have potential energy. Why do they have the potential to fall?. |
The heterotroph eats only or mainly what? | decomposers | animals | roots | plants | heterotroph that eats only or mainly plants. |
All carbon atoms have how many protons? | eight | one | two | six | All carbon atoms have six protons. Most also have six neutrons, but some have seven or eight neutrons. What is the mass number of a carbon isotope that has seven neutrons?. |
The cerebellum is associated with what major human organ? | heart | bladder | liver | brain | Figure 13.13 The Cerebellum The cerebellum is situated on the posterior surface of the brain stem. Descending input from the cerebellum enters through the large white matter structure of the pons. Ascending input from the periphery and spinal cord enters through the fibers of the inferior olive. Output goes to the midb... |
The kinetic energy of a moving object depends on it's mass and it's what? | liquid content | shape | iron content | volume | The kinetic energy of a moving object depends on its mass and its volume. |
Electromagnetic waves are comprised of what two types of energy? | magnetic and gravitational | solar and kinetic | kinetic and electric | electric and magnetic | Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are waves of electric and magnetic energy that travel through space at the speed of light. The energy travels in tiny “packets” of energy, called photons. Photons of gamma energy are called gamma particles. Other electromagnetic waves include microwaves, light... |
Cranial nerves convey specific sensory information from the head and neck directly to what organ? | heart | eye | nose | brain | Cranial Nerves Cranial nerves convey specific sensory information from the head and neck directly to the brain. For sensations below the neck, the right side of the body is connected to the left side of the brain and the left side of the body to the right side of the brain. Whereas spinal information is contralateral, ... |
Where are the viral enzyme and genome packaged inside? | mitochondria | pollen grains | ribosomes | viral capsid | |
What would cause warm receptors to signal the hypothalamic thermostat? | hyperventilation | hypothermia | lower temperature | increased temperature | |
The direction of the force of gravity is in what direction? | fragmented line | staggered line | curved line | straight line | The direction of the force of gravity is in a straight line between two objects. It is always attractive. |
Sickle-cell anemia, leukemia, lymphoma, and hemophilia are examples of what types of disease? | Cancer | microscopic disease | Bone Diease | blood disease | Blood diseases include sickle-cell anemia, leukemia, lymphoma, and hemophilia. |
In hypothesis-based science, specific results are predicted from a general premise, which is called what type of reasoning that proceeds from general to particular? | reflexive | reactive | transitive | deductive | lecture. One observation to explain this occurrence might be, “When I eat breakfast before class, I am better able to pay attention. ” The student could then design an experiment with a control to test this hypothesis. In hypothesis-based science, specific results are predicted from a general premise. This type of reas... |
The process by which an organism develops from a single-celled zygote to a multi-cellular organism is complex and well regulated. the regulation occurs through signaling between cells and tissues and responses in the form of what? | dna replication | phenotype exchange | spontaneous mutation | differential gene expression | The process by which an organism develops from a single-celled zygote to a multi-cellular organism is complex and well regulated. The regulation occurs through signaling between cells and tissues and responses in the form of differential gene expression. |
The development of specific structures in specific locations is called what? | adaptation | speciation | specialty skills | pattern formation | |
An experiment generates what to support a hypothesis? | study | falsehoods | reason | evidence | A field goal kicker lines up to kick a 44 yard (40 m) field goal. He kicks it with an initial velocity of 22 m/s at an angle of . The field goal posts are 3 meters high. Does he make the field goal?. |
What is the outermost occupied shell of electrons in an atom. | modular shell | Inner Shell | radiative shell | valence shell | The valence shell is the outermost occupied shell of electrons in an atom. This shell holds the valence electrons, which are the electrons that are involved in bonding and shown in a Lewis structure. Valence-shell electron pair repulsion theory , or VSEPR theory, states that a molecule will adjust its shape so that the... |
What ear structure has three fluid filled ducts, including the organ of corti, where sound waves in air go to vibration? | utricle | semicirciular canal | saccule | cochlea | Sensory systems deformed by gelatinous membrane. Vestibular apparatus, gives us perception of gravity and movement. Due to physical response, not chemical binding. Cochlea: bony, coil shaped part of inner ear, where hearing occurs. Sound enters through auditory canal, vibrates tympanic membrane,moving three bones of mi... |
What is the name for elements that neither contain carbon nor come from living things? | pigments | acids | contaminants | minerals | Minerals are chemical elements that don’t come from living things or include the element carbon. Many minerals are needed in the diet for normal functioning of the body. Several minerals that are needed in relatively large amounts are listed in Table below . As you can see from these examples, minerals have a diversity... |
Kinetic energy is energy of this? | food | speed | gravity | motion | Kinetic Energy and the Ultimate Speed Limit Kinetic energy is energy of motion. Classically, kinetic energy has the familiar expression. |
Reproduction in prokaryotic cells is by what process of growth, enlargement and division? | photosynthesis | mitosis | budding | binary fission | Reproduction in prokaryotic cells is by binary fission ; a process of growth, enlargement and division. This will be discussed in the Cell Division: Prokaryotic (Advanced) concept. |
Why do some dry fruits split open at maturity? | to release berries | to release toxins | to regenerate | to release seeds | |
What is an ionic bond in nature? | kinetic | magnetic | radioactive | electrostatic | An ionic bond is electrostatic in nature. |
Most air masses form over what two types of regions? | marine and tropical | arctic and marine | polar and arctic | polar and tropical | Most air masses form over polar or tropical regions. They may form over continents or oceans. Air masses are moist if they form over oceans. They are dry if they form over continents. Air masses that form over oceans are called maritime air masses. Those that form over continents are called continental air masses. Figu... |
Earthworms are important deposit feeders that help form and enrich what material? | coal | wood | shale | soil | Earthworms are important deposit feeders that help form and enrich soil. |
Growth, morphogenesis, and cell differentiation produce the plant what? | tail | fur | fat | body | 35.5 Growth, morphogenesis, and cell differentiation produce the plant body. |
What is a fold of the outer skin lining the shell called? | stack | marble | cortex | mantle | A mantle , or fold of the outer skin lining the shell. The mantle often releases calcium carbonate, which creates an external shell, just like the ones you find on the beach. The shell is made of chitin , a tough, semitransparent substance. |
What sciences are the study of living organisms? | social sciences | physical sciences | earth sciences | life sciences | The life sciences are the study of living organisms. They deal with every aspect of living organisms, from the biology of cells , to the biology of individual organisms, to how these organisms interact with other organisms and their environment. |
Frogs are amphibians that live part of the time in fresh water and rest of the time where? | in salt water | underground | in stagnant water | on land | Amphibians are vertebrates that live part of the time in fresh water and part of the time on land. They were the first vertebrates to evolve four legs and colonize the land. They most likely evolved from lobe-finned fish. Modern amphibians include frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians. They are ectotherms, s... |
Name the missing type of friction: static, rolling, fluid _____? | dragging | falling | turning | sliding | Friction is the force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are in contact. There are four types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid friction. |
What is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their environment? | genetics | botany | zoology | ecology | Recall that ecology is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their environment. But how do organisms interact with each other? Organisms interact with each other through various mechanisms, one of which is competition. Competition occurs when organisms strive for limited resources. Competi... |
What are electrons lost during the formation of ions called? | isotopes | catalysts | oxides | cations | Some elements lose one or more electrons in forming ions. These ions are known as “ cations ” because they are positively charged and migrate toward the negative electrode ( cathode ) in an electrical field. Looking at the periodic table below, we know that the group 1 elements are all characterized by having one s ele... |
Making a specific statement based on a general principle is the definition of what type of reasoning? | transitive | inductive | inference | deductive | Deductive reasoning means making a specific statement based on a general principle. |
The earth's magnetic poles have done what repeatedly in the past? | demagnetized | rotated | stayed the same | switched places | Earth’s magnetic poles have switched places repeatedly in the past. As you can see in the Figure below , each time the switch occurred, Earth’s magnetic field was reversed. The magnetic field is the region around a magnet over which it exerts magnetic force. We think of today’s magnetic field direction as “normal,” but... |
What do we call the orderly sequence of events in the life of a cell from the division of a single parent cell to produce two new daughter cells, to the subsequent division of those daughter cells? | circadian cycle | cell death | cell replication | cell cycle | 6.1 | The Genome By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome • Distinguish between chromosomes, genes, and traits The continuity of life from one cell to another has its foundation in the reproduction of cells by way of the cell cycle. The cell cycle is an orderly s... |
What are natural resources which can be replaced in a relatively short period called? | replaceable resources | solvent resources | materials resources | renewable resources | Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replaced in a relatively short period of time or are virtually limitless in supply. Renewable energy resources include sunlight, moving water, wind, biomass, and geothermal energy. Each of these energy resources is described in Table below . Resources such as sunlig... |
The biological electron transport chain provides for an orderly, stepwise transfer of electrons. both nadh (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and fadh2 (reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide) are energy rich molecules that liberate a large amount of energy during what? | evaporation | extrapolation | conduction | oxidation | The biological electron transport chain provides for an orderly, stepwise transfer of electrons. Both NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and FADH2 (reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide) are energyrich molecules that liberate a large amount of energy during oxidation. Free energy released during the transfe... |
The cells within meristems divide relatively frequently, generating additional what? | photosynthesis | proteins | chlorophyll | cells | |
Another unit of energy, used widely in the health professions and everyday life, is _______? | biomass ( cal ) | carbs | body index | calorie ( cal ) | example, if you hold an ice cube in your hand, the ice cube slowly melts as energy in the form of heat is transferred from your hand to the ice. As your hand loses energy, it starts to feel cold. Because of their interrelationships, energy, work, and heat have the same units. The SI unit of energy, work, and heat is th... |
What are the specfic types of proteins that determine your blood type called? | Globulins | Plasma | antibodies | antigens | Red blood cells carry proteins called antigens on their surface. People may vary in the exact antigens their red blood cells carry. The specific proteins are controlled by the genes they inherit from their parents. The particular antigens you inherit determine your blood type. |
Which layer of soil experiences the most weathering? | humus | subsoil | bedrock | top layer | Soil develops over time and forms soil horizons. Soil horizons are different layers of soil with depth. The most weathering occurs in the top layer. This layer is most exposed to weather! It is where fresh water comes into contact with the soil. Each layer lower is weathered just a little bit less than the layer above.... |
Osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, fractures, and sprains are problems affecting what system? | tissues system | digestive system | nervous system | skeletal system | Possible problems of the skeletal system include osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, fractures, and sprains. |
What are typically arranged into complex tubular networks with extensive surface areas? | Golgi apparatus | alveoli | hair follicles | transport epithelia | |
What is the simplest unit of structure and function of all living organisms called? | atom | partical | molecule | cell | A cell is the simplest unit of structure and function of all living organisms. From the smallest bacteria to the largest whale, all life is made of at least one cell. |
Activities that can reduce the effects of what condition include exercises to keep the blood and lymph flowing through affected areas? | asthma | anemia | inflammation | edema | Medications that can result in edema include vasodilators, calcium channel blockers used to treat hypertension, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, estrogen therapies, and some diabetes medications. Underlying medical conditions that can contribute to edema include congestive heart failure, kidney damage and kidney d... |
An alloy is a mixture of metals that has bulk metallic properties different from those of its what? | mineral elements | system elements | nuclear elements | constituent elements | atoms held together by covalent bonds; they tend to be very hard and have high melting points. Metallic solids have unusual properties: in addition to having high thermal and electrical conductivity and being malleable and ductile, they exhibit luster, a shiny surface that reflects light. An alloy is a mixture of metal... |
There are two types of digestion, mechanical and what else? | thermal | radiation | mineral | chemical | Digestion consists of mechanical and chemical digestion. |
What is the rate at which energy is being transferred called? | pressure | electric | force | power | Power is the rate at which energy is being transferred. Power tells you how many Joules per second of energy is being used to drive something. Thus power is simply the change in energy divided by the time. Since work is by definition the transfer of energy (in or out of a system), power is also equal to the work divide... |
Where does the process of assembling amino acids into a protein take place? | in the chitin | in the nucleus | in chromosomes | in the ribosome | The process of assembling amino acids into a protein takes place in the ribosome. This structure consists of two subunits, each of which is composed of both proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The two subunits clamp together on the mRNA and catalyze the formation of the amide linkages in the growing protein. When protei... |
Where can you find sodium acetate? | a cold pack | table salt | baking soda | a heat pack | In the picture above, a thermal pack is applied to the back. Small packs can be used either for heating or cooling, depending on the material used. A heat pack contains a supersaturated solution of material such as sodium acetate. The solution is clear until a small metal trigger is activated. The sodium acetate then c... |
For a given amount of solute, do smaller particles have a greater or lesser surface area? | neither | lesser | equal | greater | A third factor that affects the rate of dissolving is the size of solute particles. For a given amount of solute, smaller particles have greater surface area. With greater surface area, there can be more contact between particles of solute and solvent. For example, if you put granulated sugar in a glass of iced tea, it... |
What is the functional unit of compact bone? | the auteron | the boron | the canton | the osteon | Bone matrix provides bones with their basic structure. Notice the spongy bone in the middle, and the compact bone towards the outer region. The osteon is the functional unit of compact bone. |
Mineralocorticoids are hormones synthesized by the adrenal cortex that affect what balance, by regulating sodium and water levels? | equilibrium | blood pressure | homeostasis | osmotic | Mineralocorticoids Mineralocorticoids are hormones synthesized by the adrenal cortex that affect osmotic balance. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid that regulates sodium levels in the blood. Almost all of the sodium in the blood is reclaimed by the renal tubules under the influence of aldosterone. Because sodium is al... |
The pulmonary circulation carries blood between what two organs? | lungs and kidney | heart and pancreas | kidney and heart | heart and lungs | The pulmonary circulation carries blood between the heart and lungs. The systemic circulation carries blood between the heart and body. |
The ancient greek philosopher aristotle thought that all matter consists of just four what, which he identified as earth, air, water, and fire? | compounds | ingredients | structures | elements | The idea of elements is not new. It dates back about 2500 years to ancient Greece. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle thought that all matter consists of just four elements. He identified the elements as earth, air, water, and fire. He thought that different kinds of matter contain only these four elements but in ... |
What are archaea that live in extremely hot environments called? | tardigrades | hypothermic | hemophiliacs | thermophiles | Archaea that live in extremely hot environments are called thermophiles. |
Warming conditions and, perhaps, human activities contributed to what fate of many organisms of the pleistocene era? | evolution | overpopulation | accumulation | extinction | Many of the organisms that made up the Pleistocene megafauna went extinct as conditions warmed. Some may have been driven to extinction by human activities. |
Practical limits of van de graaff generators arise because the large electric fields polarize and eventually do what to surrounding materials? | decompose | displace | isolate | ionize | The Van de Graaff Generator Van de Graaff generators (or Van de Graaffs) are not only spectacular devices used to demonstrate high voltage due to static electricity—they are also used for serious research. The first was built by Robert Van de Graaff in 1931 (based on original suggestions by Lord Kelvin) for use in nucl... |
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