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What part of an atom is electrically neutral? | newtons | protons | electrons | neutrons | An atom’s protons and electrons carry electrical charges. Protons, with their positive charge, are designated p+. Electrons, which have a negative charge, are designated e–. An atom’s neutrons have no charge: they are electrically neutral. Just as a magnet sticks to a steel refrigerator because their opposite charges a... |
Bar, circle, and line are all types of what? | algorithms | theories | maps | graphs | Descriptive statistics and graphs help organize data so patterns and trends are more apparent. Descriptive statistics include the mean and range. Types of graphs include bar, circle, and line graphs. |
Unlike eukaryotic cells, dna and rna synthesis in prokaryotic cells occurs together with synthesis of what? | mutation | membrane | fruit | protein | ART CONNECTION QUESTIONS 1. Figure 14.10 In eukaryotic cells, DNA and RNA synthesis occur in a separate compartment from protein synthesis. In prokaryotic cells, both processes occur together. What advantages might there be to separating the processes? What advantages might there be to having them occur together? 2. Fi... |
What type of bacteria are sometimes used as weapons of bioterrorism? | hypothermic | avian | carcinogenic | pathogenic | |
What is the name of a joint in which one bone rotates in relation to another bone? | ball and socket | gliding | hinge | pivot joint | Rotation Rotation can occur within the vertebral column, at a pivot joint, or at a ball-and-socket joint. Rotation of the neck or body is the twisting movement produced by the summation of the small rotational movements available between adjacent vertebrae. At a pivot joint, one bone rotates in relation to another bone... |
Cirrus, stratus, and cumulus are types of what? | slopes | plants | storms | clouds | Cloud types include cirrus, stratus, and cumulus. |
What is a buildup of electric charges on objects? | conduction | wattage | potential | static | Our Sun is a star , a sphere of plasma held together by gravity. It is an ordinary star that is extraordinarily important. The Sun provides light and heat to our planet. This star supports almost all life on Earth. |
Where do you find the greatest biodiversity? | at the poles | in shallow lakes | in the tundra | in the tropics | It is not yet clear why biodiversity increases closer to the equator, but hypotheses include the greater age of the ecosystems in the tropics versus temperate regions, which were largely devoid of life or drastically impoverished during the last ice age. The greater age provides more time for speciation. Another possib... |
The ostwald process is the commercial method for producing what? | chlorine | citric acid | deoxyribonucleic acid | nitric acid | NaNO 3(s) + H 2 SO 4(l) ⎯⎯→ NaHSO 4(s) + HNO 3(g) The Ostwald process is the commercial method for producing nitric acid. This process involves the oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide, NO; oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide, NO2; and further oxidation and hydration of nitrogen dioxide to form nitric acid: 4... |
What includes the bones and cartilage? | fossil | skull | lungs | skeleton | The human skeleton includes bones and cartilage. |
What type of constraints are placed on technological design? | physical and legal | legal and social | moral and legal | physical and social | Technological design constraints may be physical or social. |
What cycle is the second stage of cellular respiration? | glycolysis | electron transport chain | sodium potassium pump | krebs cycle | The Krebs cycle is the second stage of cellular respiration. |
What phenomenon can cause a protein in an organism to be made incorrectly? | allele | evolution | heredity | mutation | A mutation may have no effect. However, sometimes a mutation can cause a protein to be made incorrectly. A defect in the protein can affect how well the protein works, or whether it works at all. Usually the loss of a protein function is detrimental to the organism. |
What are mid-wavelength electromagnetic waves commonly referred to as? | electricity | gamma rays | x-rays | light | Mid-wavelength electromagnetic waves are commonly called light. This range of electromagnetic waves has shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than radio waves, but not as short and high as X rays and gamma rays. Light includes visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light. If you look back at Figure above ,... |
Bronchial tubes in the lungs branch into ever-smaller structures, finally ending in alveoli. the alveoli act like what? | bellows | filters | springs | tiny bubbles | Figure 11.31 Bronchial tubes in the lungs branch into ever-smaller structures, finally ending in alveoli. The alveoli act like tiny bubbles. The surface tension of their mucous lining aids in exhalation and can prevent inhalation if too great. |
What can be used to accelerate the rate at which chemical reactions occur? | components | hormones | protein | enzymes | Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions by reducing the amount of activation energy needed for reactants to start reacting. One way this can happen is modeled in the Figure below . Enzymes aren’t changed or used up in the reactions they catalyze, so they can be used to speed up the same reaction over and over a... |
Air temperature changes as what increases? | salinity | pressure | density | altitude | Air temperature changes as altitude increases. In some layers of the atmosphere, the temperature decreases. In other layers, it increases. You can see this in Figure below . Refer to this figure as you read about the layers below. |
What happens to energy in a closed system? | is wasted | is replicated | is destroyed | is conserved | Energy is conserved in a closed system. That is, if you add up all the energy of an object(s) at one time it will equal all the energy of said object(s) at a later time. A closed system is a system where no energy is transferred in or out. The total energy of the universe is a constant (i. e. it does not change). The p... |
What are magnetites naturally attracted to? | glass | stone | aluminum | iron | Magnetite naturally attracts iron nails and filings. Its natural magnetism was discovered thousands of years ago. |
The visceral senses are most often below the limit of conscious perception because they are involved in this? | homeostatic manipulation | subtle regulation | sensory balance | homeostatic regulation | the conscious perception of the how the body interacts with the environment. The visceral senses are most often below the limit of conscious perception because they are involved in homeostatic regulation through the autonomic nervous system. The sensory exam tests the somatic senses, meaning those that are consciously ... |
The ideal gas law does not require that the properties of what? | transit change | copper change | liquid change | gas change | The ideal gas law does not require that the properties of a gas change. |
Vertebrates lacking what structures often use lungs for gas exchange? | spores | pores | nostrils | gills | |
What "kind" of water may take longer to become contaminated than surface water, while the natural cleaning process may take longer? | dam water | lake water | spring water | groundwater | Water pollution happens when contaminants enter water bodies. Contaminants are any substances that harm the health of the environment or humans. Most contaminants enter the water because of humans. Surface water (river or lake) can be exposed to and contaminated by acid rain, storm water runoff, pesticide runoff, and i... |
Long-term storage of what element occurs when matter from living organisms is buried deep underground and becomes fossilized? | hydrogen | oxygen | Nitrogen | carbon | Figure 20.11 Carbon dioxide gas exists in the atmosphere and is dissolved in water. Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide gas to organic carbon, and respiration cycles the organic carbon back into carbon dioxide gas. Long-term storage of organic carbon occurs when matter from living organisms is buried deep undergroun... |
Electron configurations are a shorthand method of indicating what subshells electrons occupy in these? | acids | molecules | solutions | atoms | Electron configurations are a shorthand method of indicating what subshells electrons occupy in atoms. |
Light emitted by atoms is polychromatic—containing more than one of these? | weight | gravity | filter | wavelength | Lasers Most light emitted by atoms is polychromatic—containing more than one wavelength. In contrast, lasers (from light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) emitmonochromatic light— a single wavelength only. Lasers have many applications in fiber-optic telecommunications, the reading and recording of com... |
What fatty material inside arteries can restrict blood flow in the artery? | cholesterol | marble | collagen | plaque | The fatty material inside the artery on the right is plaque. Notice how much narrower the artery has become. Less blood can flow through it than the normal artery. |
What is used to record seismic waves? | topometer | transmitter | odometer | seismograph | A seismograph is a machine that records seismic waves. In the past, seismographs produced a seismogram . A seismogram is a paper record of the seismic waves the seismograph received. Seismographs have a weighted pen suspended from a stationary frame. A drum of paper is attached to the ground. As the ground shakes in an... |
What does a solar power plant turn sunlight into? | mechanical energy | machinery | batteries | electricity | Sunlight is turned into electricity at a solar power plant. A large group of mirrors focuses sunlight on one place. This place is called a receiver ( Figure below ). At the receiver, a liquid such as oil or water is heated to a high temperature. The liquid transfers its heat by conduction . In conduction, energy moves ... |
Moving electrons have a form of kinetic energy called what? | deformed energy | potential energy | electromagnetism | electrical energy | Electrons are negatively charged particles in atoms. Moving electrons have a form of kinetic energy called electrical energy . If you’ve ever experienced an electric outage, then you know how hard it is to get by without electrical energy. Most of the electrical energy we use is produced by power plants and arrives in ... |
Sunlight contains many different wavelengths, which you see when they separate into what? | sounds | shadows | charges | rainbow | Each kind of pigment absorbs specific wavelengths (colors) of light (dashed lines). Sunlight contains many different wavelengths, which you see when they separate into a rainbow. Not all colors of light are used in photosynthesis (solid line). Most plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria appear green because they re... |
The study of how organisms develop is known as? | physics | ethology | botany | embryology | Some of the oldest evidence of evolution comes from embryology , the study of how organisms develop. An embryo is an animal or plant in its earliest stages of development. This means looking at a plant or animal before it is born or hatched. Centuries ago, people recognized that the embryos of many different species ha... |
What type of force always opposes the direction of motion? | harmonic friction | binary friction | strong force | kinetic friction | Kinetic friction acts between two surfaces that are in contact and in motion with respect to each other. This force reduces the acceleration and it always opposes the direction of motion. |
What kind of energy is released when the nucleus of an atom is split? | atomic | microwave | kinetic | nuclear | Nuclear energy is released when the nucleus of an atom is split. |
When did we learn there was a hole in the ozone layer? | 1990's | 1950s | 1970s | 1980s | Ozone near the ground harms human health. Ground-level ozone is a pollutant. But the ozone layer in the stratosphere protects us from harmful solar rays. That’s why people were alarmed in the 1980s to learn that there was a hole in the ozone layer. |
What type of generators use electromagnetic induction to change kinetic energy to electrical energy? | thermal generators | conductors | radiators | electric generators | Two important devices depend on electromagnetic induction: electric generators and electric transformers. Both devices play critical roles in producing and regulating the electric current we depend on in our daily lives. Electric generators use electromagnetic induction to change kinetic energy to electrical energy. Th... |
In the simple cubic system, the atoms or ions are located in which part of the cell? | walls | mitochondria | plasma | corners | Three unit cells of the cubic crystal system. Each sphere represents an atom or an ion. In the simple cubic system, the atoms or ions are at the corners of the unit cell only. In the face-centered unit cell, there are also atoms or ions in the center of each of the six faces of the unit cell. In the body-centered unit ... |
What are the earliest and simplest vertebrates? | bears | whales | birds | fish | The earliest and simplest vertebrates are fish. Fish also have the greatest number of vertebrate classes. Think about some of the fish you are familiar with, such as fish you eat or fish you may have seen in aquariums. |
Behaviors are responses to stimuli. they can either be instinctual/innate behaviors, which are not influenced by the environment, or learned behaviors, which are influenced by this? | inheritance | spontaneous mutation | osmosis | environmental changes | 45.7 Behavioral Biology: Proximate and Ultimate Causes of Behavior Behaviors are responses to stimuli. They can either be instinctual/innate behaviors, which are not influenced by the environment, or learned behaviors, which are influenced by environmental changes. Instinctual behaviors include mating systems and metho... |
Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are distinguished by thickness of what? | cell length | cell membrane | cell weight | cell wall | Figure 13.6 Bacteria are divided into two major groups: Gram-positive and Gram-negative. Both groups have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycans: In Gram-positive bacteria, the wall is thick, whereas in Gram-negative bacteria, the wall is thin. In Gram-negative bacteria, the cell wall is surrounded by an outer membrane... |
What is common in muscles that have become exhausted by use? | clumps acid fermentation | Blood Acid Fermentation | vibration acid fermentation | lactic acid fermentation | Figure 4.16 Lactic acid fermentation is common in muscles that have become exhausted by use. |
What is another term for the early larval stage of a frog? | ovary | young | egg | tadpole | The majority of amphibian species go through a larval stage that is very different from the adult form, as you can see from the frog in Figure below . The early larval, or tadpole , stage resembles a fish. It lacks legs and has a long tail, which it uses to swim. The tadpole also has gills to absorb oxygen from water. ... |
The release of an egg from an ovary, is part of what cycle? | fetal | life | stomach | menstrual | Ovulation , the release of an egg from an ovary, is part of the menstrual cycle , which typically occurs each month in a sexually mature female unless she is pregnant. Another part of the cycle is the monthly period, or menstruation. Menstruation is the process in which the endometrium of the uterus is shed from the bo... |
Which part of the body shows does horner's syndrome affect? | the mouth | the nose | the tongue | one eye | Horner’s syndrome is a condition that presents with changes in one eye, such as pupillary constriction and dropping of eyelids, as well as decreased sweating in the face. Why could a tumor in the thoracic cavity have an effect on these autonomic functions? 32. The cardiovascular center is responsible for regulating the... |
In which way to vertebrates reproduces? | asexually | anally | biologically | sexually | Vertebrates reproduce sexually. Most have separate male and female sexes. Vertebrates have one of three reproductive strategies: ovipary, ovovivipary, or vivipary. |
What contains more calcium than any other organ? | lungs | fingernails | gall bladder | bones | Storage. Bones store calcium. They contain more calcium than any other organ. Calcium is released by the bones when blood levels of calcium drop too low. The mineral, phosphorus is also stored in bones. |
One of the main features all vetebrates have in common is what? | skeleton | hard shell | brain | backbone | Vertebrates. From the smallest of fish to us. One of the main features we all have in common is our backbone. The Vertebrates chapter describes the biological features of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. |
Cytoplasmic determinants are distributed how in unfertilized eggs? | symmetrically | evenly | from left to right | unevenly | |
What relatively new addition to and highest level of the system of taxonomic classification includes just three divisions, the eukarya, the archaea, and the bacteria? | element | content | branch | domain | The highest level, domain, is a relatively new addition to the system since the 1990s. Scientists now recognize three domains of life, the Eukarya, the Archaea, and the Bacteria. The domain Eukarya contains organisms that have cells with nuclei. It includes the kingdoms of fungi, plants, animals, and several kingdoms o... |
What is only effective if ventilation is matched to blood flow through alveolar capillaries? | assisted breathing | iron lung | blood pressur control | breathing control | |
What sprouts up on stalks from the bed of moss gametophytes? | monocots | fibroblasts | stomata | sporophytes | Sporophytes sprout up on stalks from this bed of moss gametophytes. Notice that both the sporophytes and gametophytes exist at the same time. |
Like all chordates, vertebrates are animals with four defining traits, at least during which stage? | adult | pupal | larval | embryonic | Like all chordates, vertebrates are animals with four defining traits, at least during the embryonic stage. The four traits are:. |
What occurs when two waves combine and cancel each other out? | molecular interference | terrible interference | primitive interference | destructive interference | Destructive interference occurs when two waves combine and cancel each other out. This occurs when a peak in one wave lines up with a trough in the other wave. |
What occurs when the crests of one wave overlap the troughs, or lowest points, of another wave? | constructive interference | harmful interference | random interference | destructive interference | Destructive interference occurs when the crests of one wave overlap the troughs, or lowest points, of another wave. The Figure below shows what happens. As the waves pass through each other, the crests and troughs cancel each other out to produce a wave with zero amplitude. You can see an animation of destructive inter... |
What system in both males and females consists of structures that produce reproductive cells, or gametes, and secrete sex hormone? | digestion | circulatory system | immune system | reproductive | The reproductive system in both males and females consists of structures that produce reproductive cells, or gametes, and secrete sex hormones. A gamete is a haploid cell that combines with another haploid gamete during fertilization. Sex hormones are chemical messengers that control sexual development and reproduction... |
What type of creature is noted for having its eyes at the tips of stalks or tentacles that emerge from its head? | arachnids | corals | arthropods | gastropods | |
What were the first animals to have true lungs and limbs for life on land? | reptiles | birds | mammals | amphibians | Amphibians were the first animals to have true lungs and limbs for life on land. However, they still had to return to water to reproduce. That’s because their eggs lacked a waterproof covering and would dry out on land. The first fully terrestrial vertebrates were amniotes. Amniotes are animals that produce eggs with i... |
What do they call 2,2,4-trimethylpentane in the gasoline industry? | xerophyte | spirogyra | methane | isooctane | In the gasoline industry, what is called isooctane is actually 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. Draw the structure of isooctane. |
What do we call any way that animals act, either alone or with other animals. | animal communication | typical behavior | animal habits | animal behavior | Animal behavior is any way that animals act, either alone or with other animals. |
When waves of two different frequencies interfere, what phenomenon occurs? | soaking | making | opening | beating | When waves of two different frequencies interfere, a phenomenon known as beating occurs. The frequency of a beat is the difference of the two frequencies. |
Further transformation occurs during organogenesis, the formation of what? | bones | arteries | muscles | organs | |
Each antibody can bind with just one specific type of what, resulting in a signal for a phagocyte to destroy them? | immunogen | pathogen | adhesion | antigen | B cells respond to pathogens and other cells from outside the body in the blood and lymph. Most B cells fight infections by making antibodies. An antibody is a large, Y-shaped protein that binds to an antigen , a protein that is recognized as foreign. Antigens are found on the outside of bacteria, viruses and other for... |
What kind of surface temperature is found on venus? | cold | a little hot | cool | extremely high | Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the closest planet to Earth, in distance and in size. Venus has a very thick, corrosive atmosphere, and the surface temperature is extremely high. |
What type of resource is limited in supply and cannot be replaced except over millions of years? | human resources | capital resources | renewable energy | natural resource | Natural resource that is limited in supply and cannot be replaced except over millions of years. |
The name of the cation comes first, followed by the name of the anion, in what kind of compound? | covalent bonds | magnetic compound | localized compound | ionic compound | Names of ionic compounds are derived from the names of the ions, with the name of the cation coming first, followed by the name of the anion. If an element can form cations of different charges, there are two alternate systems for indicating the compound’s name. In the Stock system, a roman numeral in parentheses indic... |
Electromagnetic radiation is a form of what? | fuel | fusion | wave | energy | Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy. |
What are the cells or structures that detect sensations? | proteins | hormones | membranes | receptors | 14.1 | Sensory Perception By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe different types of sensory receptors • Describe the structures responsible for the special senses of taste, smell, hearing, balance, and vision • Distinguish how different tastes are transduced • Describe the means of mechanoreception... |
What artificial process involves making an exact copy of a gene? | ribosome cloning | material cloning | candidate cloning | gene cloning | Gene cloning is making an exact copy of a gene. |
Deer ticks are the vectors for what disease that affects humans? | malaria | dengue fever | ringworm | lyme disease | USDA, photo by Scott Bauer. Deer ticks are the vectors for Lyme disease . public domain. |
A highway that switches back and forth as it climbs up a steep hillside, yeilding a much gentler slope, is an example of what simple machine? | wheel | lever | pulley | inclined plane | The highway above switches back and forth as it climbs up the steep hillside. The much gentler slope of the road makes it easier for vehicles to reach the top of the mountain. The highway is an example of an inclined plane. |
The loss of too much blood may lead to shock of what system? | Circular | heart | nervous | circulatory | Circulatory Shock The loss of too much blood may lead to circulatory shock, a life-threatening condition in which the circulatory system is unable to maintain blood flow to adequately supply sufficient oxygen and other nutrients to the tissues to maintain cellular metabolism. It should not be confused with emotional or... |
What is the tectonic zone called where two plates come together? | paralleled boundary | precursors boundary | lateral boundary | convergent boundary | Describe and explain volcanic activity that occurs within oceanic and continental plates. |
The mild oxidation of thiols gives compounds called what? | dioxides | carbonates | halides | disulfides | Thiols (also called mercaptans), which are sulfur analogs of alcohols, have the general formula RSH. Methanethiol (also called methyl mercaptan), has the formula CH3SH. Ethanethiol (ethyl mercaptan) is the most common odorant for liquid propane (LP) gas. The mild oxidation of thiols gives compounds called disulfides. |
What is the structure in a diploid sporophyte that undergoes meiosis to form haploid spores? | hyphae | hymenium | dikaryotic | sporangium | A general plant life cycle is represented by the diagram in Figure below . From the figure, you can see that the diploid sporophyte has a structure called a sporangium (plural, sporangia) that undergoes meiosis to form haploid spores. A spore develops into a haploid gametophyte. The gametophyte has male or female repro... |
Gene expression and what else are usually considered the same molecular process? | organism synthesis | photosynthesis | subtractive synthesis | protein synthesis | Gene expression and protein synthesis are usually considered the same molecular process. |
Centipedes have what on their foremost trunk segment, used to paralyze prey and aid in defense? | diploid claws | board claws | animal claws | poison claws | |
What paired organs together receive about 25 percent of cardiac output and are protected in the retroperitoneal space by the renal fat pad and overlying ribs and muscle? | brain | hands | lungs | kidneys | 25.3 Gross Anatomy of the Kidney As noted previously, the structure of the kidney is divided into two principle regions—the peripheral rim of cortex and the central medulla. The two kidneys receive about 25 percent of cardiac output. They are protected in the retroperitoneal space by the renal fat pad and overlying rib... |
The diversity of life on earth today is the result of what? | mass extinction | spontaneous mutation | generation | evolution | The diversity of life on Earth today is the result of evolution. Life began on Earth at least 3.5 to 4 billion years ago, and it has been evolving ever since. At first, all living things on Earth were simple, single-celled organisms. Much later, the first multicellular organisms evolved, and after that, Earth’s biodive... |
In science, coefficients are used to balance what kind of equations? | mineral | liquid | isolated | chemical | Equations in chemistry must balance. There must be the same number of each type of atom in the products as there is in the reactants. Coefficients are used to balance chemical equations. They show how many atoms or molecules of a substance are involved in a reaction. |
What connection is required for a newborn baby to begin breathing? | connection to the father | connection to a heat source | connection to a ventilator | connection to the placenta | Near the time of birth, the amniotic sac breaks in a gush of fluid. Often when this occurs, women say that their "water broke. " Labor usually begins within a day of this event. Labor involves contractions of the muscular walls of the uterus, which cause the cervix to dilate. With the mother’s help, the contractions ev... |
How is population density expressed? | arable land per capita | per arable land | number per household | number per area | Ecologists look at many factors that help to describe a population. First, ecologists can measure the number of individuals that make up the population, known as population size . They can then determine the population density , which is the number of individuals of the same species in an area. Population density can b... |
Type 1 diabetes results in the pancreas not being able to make what ? | glucose | hemoglobin | sugar | insulin | Type 1 diabetes occurs when the immune system attacks normal cells of the pancreas. Since the cells in the pancreas are damaged, the pancreas cannot make insulin. Type 1 diabetes usually develops in childhood or adolescence. |
Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct, and respiration produces what as a byproduct? | ozone | carbon monoxide | nitrogen | carbon dioxide | 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct, and respiration produces carbon dioxide as a byproduct. In nature, there is no such thing as waste. Every single atom of matter is conserved, recycling indefinitely. Substances change form or move from one type of molecule to another, b... |
Volcanoes are termed active, dormant, or extinct depending on the possibility of the presence of what in chamber structures? | water | coal | sulpher | magma | Volcanoes may be active, dormant, or extinct. This depends on whether there is the possibility of magma in their magma chambers. |
Ciliary muscles control the shape of the lens, which bends light and focuses it on what? | the cornea | the pupil | the vitreous fluid | the retina | |
Convection in which part of the earth drives the movement of the plates of lithosphere over the earth’s surface? | upper crust | atmosphere | ocean | mantle | Convection in the mantle drives the movement of the plates of lithosphere over the Earth’s surface. New oceanic crust forms at the ridge and pushes the older seafloor away from the ridge horizontally. |
Simple eyes, like the human eye, have how many lenses? | four | two | none | one | The head generally has several simple eyes and a pair of compound eyes. Simple eyes have a single lens, like the human eye. Compound eyes have many lenses. |
What are the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants called? | grasses | shrubs | conifers | ferns | The seedless vascular plants include club mosses, which are the most primitive; whisk ferns, which lost leaves and roots by reductive evolution; and horsetails and ferns. Ferns are the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants. They are distinguished by large leaves called fronds and small sporangia-containing st... |
What is a rigid layer that surrounds the plasma membrane of a plant cell? | mitochondria | the nucleic wall | the cell center | the cell wall | The cell wall is a rigid layer that surrounds the plasma membrane of a plant cell. It supports and protects the cell. Tiny holes, or pores, in the cell wall allow water, nutrients, and other substances to move into and out of the cell. The cell wall is made up mainly of complex carbohydrates, including cellulose. |
A tropism where light is the stimulus is known as what? | Atropism | Geotropism | Thermotropism | phototropism | You might have noticed that plants bend toward the light. This is an example of a tropism where light is the stimulus, known as phototropism ( Figure below ). To obtain more light for photosynthesis, leaves and stems grow toward the light. On the other hand, roots grow away from light. This is beneficial for the roots,... |
What is transmitted that makes up the electromagnetic spectrum? | sound waves of different frequencies | gamma rays | light waves of different wavelengths | electromagnetic radiation in different wavelengths | Electromagnetic radiation is energy transmitted as waves with different wavelengths. This makes up the electromagnetic spectrum. |
Rust is an example of the reaction of oxygen with what? | coal | fuel | carbon | iron | Reaction with Elements Oxygen reacts directly at room temperature or at elevated temperatures with all other elements except the noble gases, the halogens, and few second- and third-row transition metals of low reactivity (those with higher reduction potentials than copper). Rust is an example of the reaction of oxygen... |
When the sun is below the horizon and thus not visible on a direct line, the light path will bend slightly and thus make the sun visible by what? | infrared | reflection | thermal | refraction | Because air is slightly more optically dense than a vacuum, when sunlight passes from the vacuum of space into our atmosphere, it bends slightly towards the normal. When the sun is below the horizon and thus not visible on a direct line, the light path will bend slightly and thus make the sun visible by refraction. Obs... |
What term describes a drug that has an effect on the central nervous system? | steroidal drug | nonaddictive drug | elemental drug | psychoactive drug | Caffeine is an example of a psychoactive drug. It is found in coffee and many other products (see Table below ). Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant . Like other stimulant drugs, it makes you feel more awake and alert. Other psychoactive drugs include alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana. Each has a different ef... |
What is the physical area where a specie lives? | farmland | marine biome | ecosystem | habitat | The habitat is the physical area where a species lives. Many factors are used to describe a habitat. The average amount of sunlight received each day, the range of annual temperatures, and average yearly rainfall can all describe a habitat. These and other abiotic factors will affect the kind of traits an organism must... |
Where does most geologic activity take place? | inner core | outer core | asthenosphere | plate boundaries | Plate boundaries are where two plates meet. Most geologic activity takes place at plate boundaries. This activity includes volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building. The activity occurs as plates interact. How can plates interact? Plates can move away from each other. They can move toward each other. Finally, they ... |
What type of winds move the same way as mountain and valley breezes? | prevailing winds | pyroclastic winds | planetary winds | katabatic winds | Katabatic winds move the same way as mountain and valley breezes. However, they are much stronger. Katabatic winds form over a high plateau that is surrounded by mountains. In winter, the plateau grows cold. Air sinks through the gaps in the mountains. Over Antarctica and Greenland, these winds are frigid. |
What is the term for the length of the route between two points? | trajectory | area | length | distance | Distance is the length of the route between two points. The SI unit for distance is the meter (m). |
An individual with down's syndrome has 47 of what instead of the normal 46? | prokaryotes | ribosomes | mitochondria | chromosomes | 16.9 Human genetic disorders Down's Syndrome(Mongolism) Down's Syndrome is usually produced by the nondisjunction of chromosome 21 during oogenesis and sometimes during spermatogenesis. The individual suffering from this type of syndrome has 47 chromosomes instead of the normal 46. The extra chromosome is not a sex chr... |
Where is the fruiting body normally produced in relation to the food source? | underneath the surface | at the root | in the soil | at the surface | The fruiting bodies are usually produced at the surface of the food source, rather than hidden within it. This allows the reproductive spores to be easily shed and carried away by the wind, water, or animals. The fruiting bodies are usually the only indication that a fungus is present. Like icebergs, the fruiting bodie... |
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