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What type of activity in the brain causes epilepsy? | bleeding | hormone imbalance | toxic overload | abnormal electrical activity | Epilepsy is a disease that causes seizures. A seizure is a period of lost consciousness that may include violent muscle contractions. It is caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. The cause of epilepsy may be an infection, a brain injury, or a tumor. The seizures of epilepsy can often be controlled with me... |
What does a healthy immune system fight off? | bacteria and viruses | microorganisms and other dieases | respiratory and other dieases | infections and other dieases | Eat well, get enough sleep, and be active every day. These healthy lifestyle choices will help keep your immune system healthy so it can fight off respiratory infections and other diseases. |
Groundwater dissolves minerals and rocks into what? | grit | gravel | sand | ions | Groundwater dissolves minerals and rocks into ions. Groundwater deposits those ions into different types of structures. Limestone caves are the best place to see these structures. Water erodes the cave and it has deposits structures like stalactites and stalagmites. The cave pictured here is Carlsbad Caverns in New Mex... |
What is the term for a certain form of matter that has the same physical properties throughout? | structure | balance | wave | phase | 8.5 End-of-Chapter Material Chapter Summary To ensure that you understand the material in this chapter, you should review the meanings of the following bold terms in the following summary and ask yourself how they relate to the topics in the chapter. A phase is a certain form of matter that has the same physical proper... |
Bacteria are responsible for many types of what in humans? | food | colors | smells | diseases | Bacteria are responsible for many types of diseases in humans. |
Humans and other animals can suffer from diets lacking in what essential "ingredients"? | liquids | fiber | steroids | nutrients | |
The size and symmetry of a beetle’s or an elk’s antlers or a grasshopper’s song communicate rather clearly their state of what? | need | society | problem | health | transient males. Since these loyal males already bond and cooperate with females, it may well be a simple matter for them to bond and cooperate with each other. In a semi-counter intuitive manner, the ability to bond with males could be selected for based on its effect on reproductive success with females. On the other... |
How is blood supplied from the mother to the fetus? | spinal cord | brain stem | vagina | umbilical cord | Hemoglobin of the Fetus The fetus has its own circulation with its own erythrocytes; however, it is dependent on the mother for oxygen. Blood is supplied to the fetus by way of the umbilical cord, which is connected to the placenta and separated from maternal blood by the chorion. The mechanism of gas exchange at the c... |
How long does membrane depoloriazation typically last for? | 5 minutes | 1 hour | 3 seconds | one minute | |
What are the three types of mixtures? | cosmic , suspensions , colloids | absorbing , suspensions , colloids | Powders, Gels, Smooth | solutions, suspensions, colloids | Mixtures have different properties depending on the size of their particles. Three types of mixtures based on particle size are solutions, suspensions, and colloids, all of which are described in Table below . You can watch videos about the three types of mixtures at these URLs:. |
Double strands of what wrap around histone proteins to form nucleosomes, which are coiled into a chromatin fiber? | chromatids | bacteria | ribosomes | dna | Figure 10.4 Double-stranded DNA wraps around histone proteins to form nucleosomes that have the appearance of “beads on a string. ” The nucleosomes are coiled into a 30-nm chromatin fiber. When a cell undergoes mitosis, the chromosomes condense even further. |
What is the process when animals maintain an internal temperature? | homeostasis | osmoregulation | bioaccumulation | thermoregulation | |
Both androgen secretion and spermatogenesis occur continuously starting with what? | walking | birth | mutation | puberty | |
Where does the process of digestion start? | small intestine | esophagus | stomach | mouth | Digestion starts in the mouth. When food is swallowed, it travels through the esophagus to the stomach. In the stomach, digestion continues and a small amount of absorption of nutrients takes place. |
As distance from the source increases, the area covered by the sound waves increases, lessening what? | duration | velocity | density | intensity | The energy of sound waves spreads out over a greater area as the waves travel farther from the sound source. This diagram represents just a small section of the total area of sound waves spreading out from the source. Sound waves actually travel away from the source in all directions. As distance from the source increa... |
Mountain ranges, plateaus, and plains are features of what large landforms? | States | Countries | planets | continents | Features of continents include mountain ranges, plateaus, and plains. |
How many pathogens can each droplet contain? | hundreds | tens | billions | thousands | Many pathogens that cause respiratory diseases spread by droplets in the air. Droplets are released when a person sneezes or coughs. Thousands of tiny droplets are released when a person sneezes ( Figure below ). Each droplet can contain thousands of pathogens. Viruses that cause colds and the flu can spread in this wa... |
The ability to change color, separately mobile and stereoscopic eyes, and rapidly extrudable tongues are distinguishing features of what lizards? | crocodiles | geckos | snakes | chameleons | Chameleons are a distinctive and highly specialized type of lizard. They are distinguished partly by their parrot-like feet, their separately mobile and stereoscopic eyes, their very long, highly modified, and rapidly extrudable tongues, crests or horns on their distinctively shaped heads, and the ability of some to ch... |
What is the other name of newton’s first law? | mass and matter | law of matter | law of momentum | law of inertia | Mass The property of a body to remain at rest or to remain in motion with constant velocity is called inertia. Newton’s first law is often called the law of inertia. As we know from experience, some objects have more inertia than others. It is obviously more difficult to change the motion of a large boulder than that o... |
The velocity at the beginning of the time interval is called what? | previous velocity | growing velocity | internal velocity | initial velocity | Acceleration that does not change in time is called uniform or constant acceleration. The velocity at the beginning of the time interval is called initial velocity, , and the velocity at the end of the time interval is called final velocity, . In a velocity versus time graph for uniform acceleration, the slope of the l... |
In which sphere of the atmosphere do the northern and southern lights occur? | ionosphere | lithosphere | stratosphere | thermosphere | The thermosphere is the layer above the mesosphere. Temperature increases with altitude in this layer. The northern and southern lights occur here. |
What carbohydrate from fruit juices is a gel-forming substance important in jelly making? | cellulose | potassium | gelatin | pectin | Pectin, a carbohydrate from fruit juices, is a gel-forming substance important in jelly making. Silica gel, a colloidal dispersion of hydrated silicon dioxide, is formed when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a dilute solution of sodium silicate. Canned Heat is a gel made by mixing alcohol and a saturated aqueous so... |
Warm water from the equator mixes with cold water from where? | the continents | the tropics | the oceans | the poles | Water flows through all the world’s oceans. Warm water from the equator mixes with cold water from the poles. The mixing of warm and cold water makes the water temperature moderate. |
A single amino acid substitution in hemoglobin leads to what disease? | down's syndrome | crohn's disease | AIDS | sickle cell anemia | Figure 3.26 The beta chain of hemoglobin is 147 residues in length, yet a single amino acid substitution leads to sickle cell anemia. In normal hemoglobin, the amino acid at position seven is glutamate. In sickle cell hemoglobin, this glutamate is replaced by a valine. |
Why does the heating element of a toaster get hot so quickly? | good insulator | charged battery | magnetic force | good conductor | Do you like toast? Did you ever look inside a toaster while it’s toasting bread? When you push down the lever to turn on the toaster, the metal heating element inside starts to glow orange or red almost instantly. You can see the glowing heating element inside this yellow toaster. The glowing metal shows that the heati... |
What is the industrial chemical produced in greatest quantity worldwide? | boric acid | gaseous acid | liquid acid | sulfuric acid | Sulfuric acid is the industrial chemical produced in greatest quantity worldwide. About 90 billion pounds are produced each year in the United States alone. Write the Lewis structure for sulfuric acid, H2SO4, which has two oxygen atoms and two OH groups bonded to the sulfur. 7.5 Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds 64... |
What term is used to describe a protein that acts as a biological catalyst? | heterozygote | nucleus | protein | enzyme | An enzyme is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst. Recall that a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed in the reaction. Cellular processes consist of many chemical reactions that must occur quickly in order for the cell to function properly. Enzymes... |
What is the transfer of energy by waves called? | evaporation | vibration | convection | radiation | Radiation is the transfer of energy by waves. Energy can travel as electromagnetic waves through air or empty space. The Sun's energy travels through space by radiation. After sunlight heats the planet's surface, some heat radiates back into the atmosphere. |
What are the the individual protein subunits making up the capsid called? | telomeres | axons | pores | capsomeres | |
The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a what? | nucleus control system | anti-lock control system | protons control system | molecular control system | 12.3 The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a molecular control system. |
How many identical daughter cells are created at the end of cytokinesis? | one | four | three | two | At the end of cytokinesis there are two genetically identical daughter cells. |
Which disease does the bacteria salmonella cause in humans? | skin poisoning | water poisioning | blood poisoning | food poisoning | The organisms are bacteria called Salmonella. If the word Salmonella rings a bell, that’s probably because Salmonella causes human diseases such as food poisoning. Many other types of bacteria also cause human diseases. But not all bacteria are harmful to people. In fact, we could not survive without many of the trilli... |
What term describes the application of knowledge to real-world problems and is practiced by engineers? | science | invention | mechanisms | technology | Technology is the application of knowledge to real-world problems. Engineers are professionals in technology. |
What surrounds the lungs in a thoracic cavity? | water | calcium | single membrane | double membrane | |
When lactose is absent, a repressor protein binds to what? | worker | differential | network | operator | When lactose is absent, a repressor protein binds to the operator. The operator is located between the promoter and the three lac operon genes. The protein blocks the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter. As a result, the lac genes are not expressed. |
The four moons of jupiter are collectively named after what 17th century astronomer, who discovered them? | darwin | Linnaeus | copernicus | galileo | Jupiter has lots of moons. As of 2012, we have discovered over 66 natural satellites of Jupiter. Four are big enough and bright enough to be seen from Earth using a pair of binoculars. These four moons were first discovered by Galileo in 1610. They are called the Galilean moons . The figure below shows the four Galilea... |
What is the term for the distance between two corresponding points on adjacent waves? | bandwidth | arc wave | variation | wavelength | Wavelength is one way of measuring the size of waves. It is the distance between two corresponding points on adjacent waves, usually measured in meters. |
Which instruments are used to measure the angle of the slope of a volcano? | calipers | altimeter | compass | tiltmeters | All that magma and gas pushing upwards can make the volcano’s slope begin to swell. Ground swelling may change the shape of a volcano or cause rock falls and landslides. Most of the time, the ground tilting is not visible. Scientists detect it by using tiltmeters, which are instruments that measure the angle of the slo... |
What is the term for matter that does not let any light pass through? | reflective | dark | mirrored | opaque | Opaque matter is matter that does not let any light pass through it. Matter may be opaque because it absorbs light, reflects light, or does some combination of both. |
Gain or loss of what causes an atom to become a negatively or positively charged ion? | nucleus | protons | neutrons | electrons | The girl pictured above became negatively charged because electrons flowed from the van de Graaff generator to her. Whenever electrons are transferred between objects, neutral matter becomes charged. This occurs even with individual atoms. Atoms are neutral in electric charge because they have the same number of negati... |
The electrochemical potential across a membrane determines the tendency of an ion to do what? | destroy the membrane | attach to the membrane | move away from the membrane | cross the membrane | The electrochemical potential across a membrane determines the tendency of an ion to cross the membrane. The membrane may be that of a cell or organelle or other sub cellular compartment. The electrochemical potential arises from three factors:. |
Nucleic acids are polymers made of monomers called what? | peptides | loops | carotenoids | nucleotides | |
Antibodies also mark pathogens for destruction by which cells? | platelets | interferons | leukocytes | phagocytic | Antibodies also mark pathogens for destruction by phagocytic cells, such as macrophages or neutrophils, because phagocytic cells are highly attracted to macromolecules complexed with antibodies. Phagocytic enhancement by antibodies is called opsonization. In a process called complement fixation, IgM and IgG in serum bi... |
What are small organelles and are the site of protein synthesis called. | chromosomes | chromosomes | chloroplasts | ribosomes | Ribosomes are small organelles and are the site of protein synthesis. They are found in all cells. |
What term is defined as the ability to locate objects in the dark by bouncing sound waves off them. | thermodynamics | morphology | night vision | echolocation | Whales and bats have the trait of echolocation. This is the ability to locate objects in the dark by bouncing sound waves off them. The most recent common ancestor of whales and bats did not have this trait. Apply lesson concepts to explain how the trait evolved in whales and bats. |
Ringworm and athlete’s foot are common human diseases caused by types of what? | acids | viruses | multicellular bacteria | fungi | Several common human diseases are caused by fungi. They include ringworm and athlete’s foot, both shown in Figure below . Ringworm isn’t caused by a worm. It’s a skin infection by a fungus that leads to a ring-shaped rash. The rash may occur on the head, neck, trunk, arms, or legs. Athlete’s foot is caused by the same ... |
Vertical layering is an important feature of the terrestrial type of what kind of community? | ecosystem | habitat | environment | biome | |
What do many cells depend on glucose for? | osmosis | food | heating | energy | A gated channel protein is a transport protein that opens a "gate," allowing a molecule to pass through the membrane. Gated channels have a binding site that is specific for a given molecule or ion. A stimulus causes the "gate" to open or shut. The stimulus may be chemical or electrical signals, temperature, or mechani... |
When continental crust is pulled apart, it breaks into blocks that are separated by what? | holes | layers | levels | faults | When continental crust is pulled apart, it breaks into blocks. These blocks of crust are separated by normal faults. The blocks slide up or down. The result is alternating mountain ranges and valleys. This topography is known as basin-and-range ( Figure below ). The area near Death Valley, California is the center of a... |
What body part boasts three articulations and includes the patella? | elbow | ankle | hip | knee | The knee includes three articulations. The femoropatellar joint is between the patella and distal femur. The patella, a sesamoid bone incorporated into the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle of the anterior thigh, serves to protect this tendon from rubbing against the distal femur during knee movements. The medial... |
The physical properties of gases are predictable using mathematical formulas known as what? | state laws | air laws | vapor laws | gas laws | The physical properties of gases are predictable using mathematical formulas known as gas laws. |
What is the disease where some alveoli of the lungs fill with fluid? | lyme disease | leukemia | lung cancer | pneumonia | Pneumonia is a disease in which some of the alveoli of the lungs fill with fluid so gas exchange cannot occur. Symptoms usually include coughing, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia may be caused by an infection or injury of the lungs. |
The primary function of leaves is to collect sunlight and make food by what process? | duplicate process | nuclear fission | osmosis | photosynthesis | The primary function of leaves is to collect sunlight and make food by photosynthesis. Specialized tissues in leaves work together to perform this function. In a deciduous plant, leaves seasonally turn color and fall off the plant. They are replaced with new leaves later in the year. An evergreen plant keeps its green ... |
In which type of reaction are compounds formed? | balanced reaction | gaseous reaction | acid reaction | chemical reaction | Compounds form when atoms of different elements combine. This process is a chemical reaction. |
For feeding, the head contains one pair of mandibles and two pairs of what? | chelicerae | tracheae | antennae | maxillae | Insects have a pair of antennae for “smelling” and “tasting” chemicals. Some insects can also use their antennae to detect sound. Other sensory organs on the head include several simple eyes and a pair of compound eyes. The compound eyes let insects see images. Butterflies and bees can even see in color. For feeding, t... |
What term given to animals like reptiles is a synonym for ectothermic, which means that their heat comes from their environment? | thermal regulating | warm-blooded | hot-blooded | cold-blooded | Reptiles cold-blooded, or ectothermic, meaning that their heat come from their environment. Sometimes defined as all amniotes that are not birds or mammals. Reptiles can be classified by skull structure into four groups: • • • •. |
What forms in the ocean from the seafloor spreading? | earthquakes | underwater volcanoes | tsunamis | new oceanic crust | In the oceans, plates move apart at mid-ocean ridges. Lava rises upward, erupts, and cools. Later, more lava erupts and pushes the original seafloor outward. This is seafloor spreading. Seafloor spreading forms new oceanic crust. The rising magma causes the ridge to be buoyant. This is why there is a mountain range run... |
What does ozone in the stratosphere protect us from? | solar traces | comets | acid rain | solar rays | Ozone near the ground harms human health. But the ozone layer in the stratosphere protects us from solar rays. That’s why people were alarmed in the 1980s to learn that there was a hole in the ozone layer. |
What is the basic unit of matter? | neutron | nucleus | dark material | atom | The basic unit of matter is an atom ( Figure below ). At the center of an atom is its nucleus . Protons are positively charged particles in the nucleus. Also in the nucleus are neutrons with no electrical charge. Orbiting the nucleus are tiny electrons. Electrons are negatively charged. An atom with the same number of ... |
What is the name of the protein that is found in hairs and nails? | Skin | cellulose | chromatin | keratin | Along with the skin, the integumentary system includes the nails and hair. Both the nails and hair contain the tough protein, keratin. The keratin forms fibers, which makes your nails and hair tough and strong. Keratin is similar in toughness to chitin, the carbohydrate found in the exoskeleton of arthropods. |
When fuel is burned most of the energy is released as what? | precipitation | humidity | condensation | heat | When fuel is burned, most of the energy is released as heat . Some of this heat can be used to do work. Heat cooks food or warms your house. Sometimes the heat is just waste heat. It still heats the environment, though. |
A change in one or more physical properties of matter without any change in chemical properties is called what? | atmospheric change | negative change | positive change | physical change | A physical change is a change in one or more physical properties of matter without any change in chemical properties. In other words, matter doesn’t change into a different substance in a physical change. Examples of physical change include changes in the size or shape of matter. Changes of state—for example, from soli... |
Particles with what type of electric charges attract each other? | simple | similar | same | opposite | Particles with opposite electric charges attract each other. This explains why negative electrons orbit the positive nucleus. Particles with the same electric charge repel each other. This means that the positive protons in the nucleus push apart from one another. So why doesn’t the nucleus fly apart? An even stronger ... |
Avoiding carcinogens helps lower the risk of what? | sunburn | radiation | colds and flu | cancer | Making these healthy lifestyle choices can also help prevent some types of cancer. In addition, you can lower the risk of cancer by avoiding carcinogens , which are substances that cause cancer. For example, you can reduce your risk of lung cancer by not smoking. You can reduce your risk of skin cancer by using sunscre... |
What is the mechanism that accounts for the drifting of continents? | volcanic spreading | ridges spreading | earth spreading | seafloor spreading | Seafloor spreading is the mechanism for the drifting continents. |
In a dehydration reaction, what is removed as two monomers are joined together? | nitrogen | carbon | air | water | Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are large molecules (macromolecules) built from smaller molecules (monomers) through dehydration reactions. In a dehydration reaction, water is removed as two monomers are joined together. |
What is the smallest unit of structure and function of all living organisms? | organ | chromosome | organelle | the cell | The cell is the smallest unit of structure and function of all living organisms. A cell is also the smallest unit of life, with single-celled organisms present on this planet for over 3.5 billion years. Single-celled ( unicellular ) organisms like bacteria are obviously composed of just one cell, whereas multicellular ... |
The dual character is critical for the formation of the what? | tissues bilayer | muscle bilayer | carbon bilayer | lipid bilayer | The dual character is critical for the formation of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophilic portions of the molecule are in contact with the aqueous environment of the cell, while the hydrophobic portion of the lipids is in the interior of the bilayer and provides a barrier to the passive diffusion of most molecules. |
In humans, a zygote has how many chromosomes? | 23 | 36 | 42 | 46 | Upon fertilization a diploid zygote is formed. In humans, a zygote has 46 chromosomes, 23 inherited from each parent. The gametes, sperm and eggs, are haploid cells, with 23 chromosomes each. |
The elements are arranged in rows, each representing the filling of what shell? | neutron | plasma membrane | proton | electron | |
The water cycle is powered by energy from where? | living things | atmosphere | earth | sun | Water is recycled through the water cycle. The water cycle is the movement of water through the oceans, atmosphere, land, and living things. The water cycle is powered by energy from the Sun. Figure below diagrams the water cycle. |
When lactose is present in the cell, what allows the lac genes to be expressed? | the addition of water | concentration of repressor protein | binding of expressor protein | nonbinding of repressor protein | When lactose is present, the repressor protein does not bind to the operator. This allows RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter and begin transcription. As a result, the lac genes are expressed, and lactose is digested. |
What class of animals, translated as “head foot”, includes octopuses, squids, cuttlefish, and nautilus? | bivalves | mollusks | crustaceans | cephalopods | The visceral mass in the shelled species is characteristically twisted and the foot is modified for crawling. Most gastropods bear a head with tentacles that support eyes. A complex radula is used to scrape food particles from the substrate. The mantle cavity encloses the ctenidia as well as a pair of nephridia. The cl... |
What can be calculated by solving the average speed formula? | mass or time | accelaration | distance or mass | distance or time | Competition is a relationship between organisms that depend on the same resources. Competition can occur between members of the same species or between members of different species. |
Transverse divisions are associated with leaf elongation, and longitudinal divisions are associated with what? | leaf coloring | leaf shedding | leaf multiplying | leaf broadening | |
Of the four nerve plexuses, two are found at the cervical level, one at the lumbar level, and one at which level ? | peripheral | cranial | vascular | sacral | Of the four nerve plexuses, two are found at the cervical level, one at the lumbar level, and one at the sacral level (Figure 13.24). The cervical plexus is composed of axons from spinal nerves C1 through C5 and branches into nerves in the posterior neck and head, as well as the phrenic nerve, which connects to the dia... |
When does sublimation occur? | when the ice and sand change directly into water vapors | when the wind changes direction | when the snow melts the ice caps | when the ice and snow change directly into water vapors | Sublimation occurs when ice and snow change directly to water vapor. This also happens because of heat from the sun. |
What organism is responsible for most decomposition in forest? | yeast | coral | bacteria | fungi | Most fungi are decomposers. They are the main decomposers in forests. Many fungi have symbiotic relationships with other species. |
Cancer of the testes is most common in males between what ages? | 10 and 20 | 70 and 90 | 50 and 60 | 15 and 35 | Another disorder of the testes is cancer . Cancer of the testes is most common in males aged 15 to 35. It occurs when cells in the testes grow out of control. The cells form a lump called a tumor. If found early, cancer of the testes usually can be easily cured with surgery. |
Prions are slow-acting, virtually indestructible infectious proteins that cause diseases of what vital organ in mammals? | liver | heart | lung | brain | |
What does the male reproductive system consist of? | organs that produce estrogen | structures that collect urine | structures that produce ova | structures that produce sperm and secrete testosterone | The male reproductive system consists of structures that produce sperm and secrete testosterone. |
What causes genetic disorders in humans? | pollutants of chromosome | variations of chromosome | alterations of genes | alterations of chromosome | 15.4 Alterations of chromosome number or structure cause some genetic disorders. |
What can lead to a loss of genetic variation within populations? | natural selection | migration | adaptation | genetic drift | |
Four electron groups orient themselves into what shape that has four faces? | circular | spherical | multicellular | tetrahedron | Four electron groups orient themselves in the shape of a tetrahedron. |
The primary hormones derived from lipids are what? | antibiotics | amino acids | melatonins | steroids | Steroid Hormones The primary hormones derived from lipids are steroids. Steroid hormones are derived from the lipid cholesterol. For example, the reproductive hormones testosterone and the estrogens—which are produced by the gonads (testes and ovaries)—are steroid hormones. The adrenal glands produce the steroid hormon... |
What are most metal objects made of? | bronze | tin | aluminum | metal alloys | Most metal objects are made of metal alloys rather than pure metals. |
What law explains how the change in direction of the light ray depends on how the speed of light changes, which in turn is related to the indices of refraction of the media involved? | Newton's first law | Boyle's law | Born's law | law of refraction | Law of Refraction Figure 25.12 shows how a ray of light changes direction when it passes from one medium to another. As before, the angles are measured relative to a perpendicular to the surface at the point where the light ray crosses it. (Some of the incident light will be reflected from the surface, but for now we w... |
What limits the growth or development of an organism, population, or process? | mutation factor | decreasing factor | limiting membrane | limiting factor | In the predator-prey example, one factor limits the growth of the other factor. As the prey population decreases, the predator population begins to decrease as well. The prey population is a limiting factor. A limiting factor limits the growth or development of an organism, population, or process. |
The primary application of biotechnology is in what field? | psychology | physics | chemistry | medicine | 10.1 | Cloning and Genetic Engineering By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Explain the basic techniques used to manipulate genetic material • Explain molecular and reproductive cloning Biotechnology is the use of artificial methods to modify the genetic material of living organisms or cells to produce no... |
In naming ternary compounds, which type of particle is stated first? | subatomic | molecule | anion | cation | Ternary compounds are named by stating the cation first, followed by the anion. |
The pollen grain absorbs water and does what after it adheres to the stigma of a carpel? | blooms | reproduces | dissolves | germinates | |
What term refers to change in position over time? | Direction Replacement | Position Replacement | acceleration | velocity | Velocity is defined as change in position over time. Can you see that would be the slope of this graph? (slope = rise over run and in this case the ‘rise’ is position and the ‘run’ is time). Find the instantaneous speed at sec. |
Ice ages, continental drift, and giant meteorites striking earth have caused what phenomenon? | depletion | gravity | waves | extinction | The evolution of life on Earth wasn’t always smooth and steady—far from it. Living things had to cope with some astounding changes. Giant meteorites struck Earth’s surface. Continents drifted and shifted. Ice ages buried the planet in snow and ice for millions of years at a time. At least five times, many, if not most,... |
What can all living things sense and respond to in their environment? | wind | sunlight | warmth | stimuli | All living things can sense and respond to stimuli in their environment. Stimuli might include temperature, light, or gravity. |
What do we call use of electric current to encode information? | ferious | products | metals | electronics | The use of electric current to encode information is called electronics. Electronic signals may be digital or analog signals. Both types of signals encode information by changing the voltage of an electric current, but they do so in different ways. |
How many additional pairs of appendages do arachnids have? | 6 | 0 | 4 | 2 | Arachnids also have two additional pairs of appendages. Describe these two pairs. |
Melting points are temperatures that are high enough to separate liquids from which substances? | oils | gases | seeds | solids | The melting point of a substance is the temperature that separates a solid and a liquid. The boiling point of a substance is the temperature that separates a liquid and a gas. What accounts for this variability? Why do some substances become liquids at very low temperatures, while others require very high temperatures ... |
Strong, stable bonds between carbon atoms produce complex molecules containing chains, branches, and rings; the chemistry of these compounds is called what? | nuclear chemistry | animal chemistry | inorganic chemistry | organic chemistry | Summary 20.1 Hydrocarbons Strong, stable bonds between carbon atoms produce complex molecules containing chains, branches, and rings. The chemistry of these compounds is called organic chemistry. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen. The alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons—that is, hyd... |
What are the blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart and tend to have thinner walls? | clots | capillaries | glands | veins | Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. This blood is no longer under pressure, so veins have thinner walls. To keep the blood moving, many veins have valves that prevent the backflow of blood. Veins generally carry oxygen-poor blood. The smallest veins are called venules. They merge to form larger a... |
What is a measure of the amount of space a substance or an object takes up? | mass | speed | density | volume | Volume measures the amount of space that a substance or an object takes up. The basic SI unit for volume is the cubic meter (m 3 ). |
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