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species occupying the same geographical area at the same time. a biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms living together in a community have on each other. they can be either of the same species ( intraspecific interactions ), or of different species ( interspecific interactions ). these ... | D) succession |
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stems mainly provide support to the leaves and reproductive structures, but can store water in succulent plants such as cacti, food as in potato tubers, or reproduce vegetatively as in the stolons of strawberry plants or in the process of layering. leaves gather sunlight and carry out photosynthesis. large, fl... | D) life cycle. |
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produces. the mastering engineer makes any final adjustments to the overall sound of the record in the final step before commercial duplication. mastering engineers use principles of equalization, compression and limiting to fine - tune the sound timbre and dynamics and to achieve a louder recording. sound des... | C) vibrating. |
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the origin of the martian moons deimos and phobos is controversial. one hypothesis for their origin is that they are captured asteroids, but the mechanism requires an extremely dense martian atmosphere, and the mechanism by which an asteroid in solar orbit could shed sufficient orbital energy to be captured in... | B) the other planets are much larger than Pluto |
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was used before copper smelting was known. copper smelting is believed to have originated when the technology of pottery kilns allowed sufficiently high temperatures. the concentration of various elements such as arsenic increase with depth in copper ore deposits and smelting of these ores yields arsenical bro... | D) an electromagnet. |
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enough to rise to the surface β giving birth to volcanoes. = = atmospheric science = = atmospheric science initially developed in the late - 19th century as a means to forecast the weather through meteorology, the study of weather. atmospheric chemistry was developed in the 20th century to measure air pollutio... | D) water vapor |
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consume organic material, breathe oxygen, are able to move, can reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. over 1. 5 million living animal species have been described β of which around 1 million are insects β but it has been estimated there are over ... | D) immune |
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electrons, creating radicals. most radicals are comparatively reactive, but some, such as nitric oxide ( no ) can be stable. the " inert " or noble gas elements ( helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon ) are composed of lone atoms as their smallest discrete unit, but the other isolated chemical elements... | A) share two covalent bonds. |
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the attenuation length and refractive index of liquid xenon for intrinsic scintillation light ( 178nm ) have been measured in a single experiment. the value obtained for attenuation length is 364 + - 18 mm. the refractive index is found to be 1. 69 + - 0. 02. both values were measured at a temperature of 170 +... | D) Centimeters |
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. nuclear weapons are considered weapons of mass destruction, and their use and control has been a major aspect of international policy since their debut. the design of a nuclear weapon is more complicated than it might seem. such a weapon must hold one or more subcritical fissile masses stable for deployment,... | D) The number of protons does not equal the number of neutrons. |
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remediation include ; soil contamination, hazardous waste, groundwater contamination, oil, gas and chemical spills. there are three most common types of environmental remediation. these include soil, water, and sediment remediation. soil remediation consists of removing contaminants in soil, as these pose grea... | A) decomposers |
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listing of diseases in the family that may impact the patient. a family tree is sometimes used. history of present illness ( hpi ) : the chronological order of events of symptoms and further clarification of each symptom. distinguishable from history of previous illness, often called past medical history ( pmh... | D) immune |
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, dendrology is the study of woody plants. many divisions of biology have botanical subfields. these are commonly denoted by prefixing the word plant ( e. g. plant taxonomy, plant ecology, plant anatomy, plant morphology, plant systematics ), or prefixing or substituting the prefix phyto - ( e. g. phytochemist... | C) Plants are part of the water cycle through the process of transpiration. |
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the richness of the universe teaches us modesty and guides us to search for both primitive and intelligent forms of life elsewhere without prejudice.
eat them. plants and other photosynthetic organisms are at the base of most food chains because they use the energy from the sun and nutrients from the soil and ... | A) They need to eat. |
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behavioral responses to different stimuli, one can understand something about how those stimuli are processed. lewandowski & strohmetz ( 2009 ) reviewed a collection of innovative uses of behavioral measurement in psychology including behavioral traces, behavioral observations, and behavioral choice. behaviora... | D) a behavior that an animal is born knowing how to do |
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three major planets, venus, earth, and mercury formed out of the solar nebula. a fourth planetesimal, theia, also formed near earth where it collided in a giant impact, rebounding as the planet mars. during this impact earth lost $ { \ approx } 4 $ \ % of its crust and mantle that is now is found on mars and t... | D) its ice and organic molecules |
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and their competitive or mutualistic interactions with other species. some ecologists even rely on empirical data from indigenous people that is gathered by ethnobotanists. this information can relay a great deal of information on how the land once was thousands of years ago and how it has changed over that ti... | A) provide energy for consumers. |
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the basis of all plant metabolism. the energy of sunlight, captured by oxygenic photosynthesis and released by cellular respiration, is the basis of almost all life. photoautotrophs, including all green plants, algae and cyanobacteria gather energy directly from sunlight by photosynthesis. heterotrophs includi... | A) radiation. |
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scientists look through telescopes, study images on electronic screens, record meter readings, and so on. generally, on a basic level, they can agree on what they see, e. g., the thermometer shows 37. 9 degrees c. but, if these scientists have different ideas about the theories that have been developed to expl... | B) hundreds of active volcanoes on Io |
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masculinity and warmth. the five phases β fire, earth, metal, wood, and water β described a cycle of transformations in nature. the water turned into wood, which turned into the fire when it burned. the ashes left by fire were earth. using these principles, chinese philosophers and doctors explored human anato... | B) from liquid to gas |
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. respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity. the overall reaction occurs in a series of biochemical steps, some of which are redox reactions. although cellular respiration is technically a combustion reaction, it clearly does not resemble one when it occurs in... | B) absorbing nutrients. |
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listing of diseases in the family that may impact the patient. a family tree is sometimes used. history of present illness ( hpi ) : the chronological order of events of symptoms and further clarification of each symptom. distinguishable from history of previous illness, often called past medical history ( pmh... | B) cancer |
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kidneys and the majority of those currently in use are extracorporeal, such as with hemodialysis, which filters blood directly, or peritoneal dialysis, which filters via a fluid in the abdomen. in order to contribute to the biological functions of a kidney such as producing metabolic factors or hormones, some ... | D) a concentration gradient |
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organic compounds, such as sugars, to ammonia, metal ions or even hydrogen gas. salt - tolerant archaea ( the haloarchaea ) use sunlight as an energy source, and other species of archaea fix carbon, but unlike plants and cyanobacteria, no known species of archaea does both. archaea reproduce asexually by binar... | C) bacteria |
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the transition of our energy system to renewable energies is necessary in order not to heat up the climate any further and to achieve climate neutrality. the use of wind energy plays an important role in this transition in germany. but how much wind energy can be used and what are the possible consequences for... | B) geothermal |
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have evolved from the earliest emergence of life to present day. earth formed about 4. 5 billion years ago and all life on earth, both living and extinct, descended from a last universal common ancestor that lived about 3. 5 billion years ago. geologists have developed a geologic time scale that divides the hi... | D) Many scientists need to evaluate the data. |
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is the scientific study of inheritance. mendelian inheritance, specifically, is the process by which genes and traits are passed on from parents to offspring. it has several principles. the first is that genetic characteristics, alleles, are discrete and have alternate forms ( e. g., purple vs. white or tall v... | D) height |
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industry is making composite materials. these are structured materials composed of two or more macroscopic phases. applications range from structural elements such as steel - reinforced concrete, to the thermal insulating tiles, which play a key and integral role in nasa ' s space shuttle thermal protection sy... | C) The weather stripping reduces heat loss due to convection. |
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so on. these plastic casings are usually a composite material made up of a thermoplastic matrix such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ( abs ) in which calcium carbonate chalk, talc, glass fibers or carbon fibers have been added for added strength, bulk, or electrostatic dispersion. these additions may be ter... | A) models |
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neo - assyrian period ( 911 β 609 ) bc. the egyptian pyramids were built using three of the six simple machines, the inclined plane, the wedge, and the lever, to create structures like the great pyramid of giza. the earliest civil engineer known by name is imhotep. as one of the officials of the pharaoh, djose... | B) research the different designs of bridges |
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there are no limits for the speeds of light and particles in general relativity ( gr ). four examples illustrate this basic result, which is too often neglected.
one phenomenological explanation of superluminal propagation of neutrinos, which may have been observed by opera and minos, is that neutrinos travel ... | D) a vacuum |
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oxygen ion migration in li2mno3 was systematically studied by first - principles calculations. hole polaron is found effective to lower the migration barrier of oxygen ion.
required. for example, certain cells respond to changes in oxygen tension as part of their normal development, such as chondrocytes, which... | A) the respiratory system |
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the basis of all plant metabolism. the energy of sunlight, captured by oxygenic photosynthesis and released by cellular respiration, is the basis of almost all life. photoautotrophs, including all green plants, algae and cyanobacteria gather energy directly from sunlight by photosynthesis. heterotrophs includi... | B) a plant's leaves |
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in the year 1598 philipp uffenbach published a printed diptych sundial, which is a forerunner of franz ritters horizantal sundial. uffenbach ' s sundial contains apart from the usual information on a sundial ascending signs of the zodiac, several brigthest stars, an almucantar and most important the oldest gno... | A) the rotation of Earth on its axis |
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pigment chlorophyll a. chlorophyll a ( as well as its plant and green algal - specific cousin chlorophyll b ) absorbs light in the blue - violet and orange / red parts of the spectrum while reflecting and transmitting the green light that we see as the characteristic colour of these organisms. the energy in th... | C) Only blue light is reflected by the block. |
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classes according to pore size : the form and shape of the membrane pores are highly dependent on the manufacturing process and are often difficult to specify. therefore, for characterization, test filtrations are carried out and the pore diameter refers to the diameter of the smallest particles which could no... | D) repeat the experiment |
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the hun tian theory ), or as being without substance while the heavenly bodies float freely ( the hsuan yeh theory ), the earth was at all times flat, although perhaps bulging up slightly. the model of an egg was often used by chinese astronomers such as zhang heng ( 78 β 139 ad ) to describe the heavens as sp... | A) observing each object in water |
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are the cryosphere ( corresponding to ice ) as a distinct portion of the hydrosphere and the pedosphere ( corresponding to soil ) as an active and intermixed sphere. the following fields of science are generally categorized within the earth sciences : geology describes the rocky parts of the earth ' s crust ( ... | A) tilt of Earth on its axis |
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are studied in chemistry are usually the result of interactions between atoms, leading to rearrangements of the chemical bonds which hold atoms together. such behaviors are studied in a chemistry laboratory. the chemistry laboratory stereotypically uses various forms of laboratory glassware. however glassware ... | C) an electron microscope. |
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g. spectroscopy and chromatography. scientists engaged in chemical research are known as chemists. most chemists specialize in one or more sub - disciplines. several concepts are essential for the study of chemistry ; some of them are : = = = matter = = = in chemistry, matter is defined as anything that has re... | D) protons |
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; that is, more amenable to chemical reactions. the phase of a substance is invariably determined by its energy and the energy of its surroundings. when the intermolecular forces of a substance are such that the energy of the surroundings is not sufficient to overcome them, it occurs in a more ordered phase li... | C) heat |
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genetic engineering takes the gene directly from one organism and delivers it to the other. this is much faster, can be used to insert any genes from any organism ( even ones from different domains ) and prevents other undesirable genes from also being added. genetic engineering could potentially fix severe ge... | C) Inserting a gene into plants that makes them resistant to insects. |
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based on 1 / 10 and 1 / 100 weight percentages of the carbon and other alloying elements they contain. thus, the extracting and purifying methods used to extract iron in a blast furnace can affect the quality of steel that is produced. solid materials are generally grouped into three basic classifications : ce... | C) a balloon filled with helium |
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eat them. plants and other photosynthetic organisms are at the base of most food chains because they use the energy from the sun and nutrients from the soil and atmosphere, converting them into a form that can be used by animals. this is what ecologists call the first trophic level. the modern forms of the maj... | C) It carries food from the mouth to the stomach. |
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, lightning strikes, tornadoes, building fires, wildfires, and mass shootings disabling most of the system if not the entirety of it. geographic redundancy locations can be more than 621 miles ( 999 km ) continental, more than 62 miles apart and less than 93 miles ( 150 km ) apart, less than 62 miles apart, bu... | B) a stream flooding |
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is the scientific study of inheritance. mendelian inheritance, specifically, is the process by which genes and traits are passed on from parents to offspring. it has several principles. the first is that genetic characteristics, alleles, are discrete and have alternate forms ( e. g., purple vs. white or tall v... | D) chickens that lay large eggs |
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galactic nuclei are unique laboratories for the study of processes connected with the accretion of gas onto supermassive black holes. at the same time, they represent challenging environments from the point of view of stellar dynamics due to their extreme densities and masses involved. there is a growing evide... | B) a galaxy |
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becomes quite gentle. accordingly, in large basins, rivers in most cases begin as torrents with a variable flow, and end as gently flowing rivers with a comparatively regular discharge. the irregular flow of rivers throughout their course forms one of the main difficulties in devising works for mitigating inun... | B) Tadpoles would be unable to survive. |
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kidneys and the majority of those currently in use are extracorporeal, such as with hemodialysis, which filters blood directly, or peritoneal dialysis, which filters via a fluid in the abdomen. in order to contribute to the biological functions of a kidney such as producing metabolic factors or hormones, some ... | D) the removal of nitrogenous wastes from the blood |
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as a traditional tool of external assistance, crutches play an important role in society. they have a wide range of applications to help either the elderly and disabled to walk or to treat certain illnesses or for post - operative rehabilitation. but there are many different types of crutches, including should... | A) regulate body temperature. |
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to be separated conceptually from geology and crop production and treated as a whole. as a founding father of soil science, fallou has primacy in time. fallou was working on the origins of soil before dokuchaev was born ; however dokuchaev ' s work was more extensive and is considered to be the more significan... | D) decomposers |
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a live / sound reinforcement engineer hears source material and tries to correlate that sonic experience with system performance. wireless microphone engineer, or a2. this position is responsible for wireless microphones during a theatre production, a sports event or a corporate event. foldback or monitor engi... | D) the reflection of the sound waves |
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as subjects perceive the sensory world, different stimuli elicit a number of neural representations. here, a subjective distance between stimuli is defined, measuring the degree of similarity between the underlying representations. as an example, the subjective distance between different locations in space is ... | A) atoms. |
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an essay on horndeski gravity, how it was formulated in the early 1970s and how it was ' re - discovered ' and widely adopted by cosmologists more than thirty years later.
, including objects we can see with our naked eyes. it is one of the oldest sciences. astronomers of early civilizations performed methodic... | A) The Sun is at the center of this model. |
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used to manufacture existing medicines relatively easily and cheaply. the first genetically engineered products were medicines designed to treat human diseases. to cite one example, in 1978 genentech developed synthetic humanized insulin by joining its gene with a plasmid vector inserted into the bacterium esc... | B) eating |
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induced stem cells ( isc ) as related to the donor. = = = stem cells = = = stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability to divide in culture and give rise to different forms of specialized cells. stem cells are divided into " adult " and " embryonic " stem cells according to their source. while there... | C) potential energy |
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the origin of the martian moons deimos and phobos is controversial. one hypothesis for their origin is that they are captured asteroids, but the mechanism requires an extremely dense martian atmosphere, and the mechanism by which an asteroid in solar orbit could shed sufficient orbital energy to be captured in... | C) elliptical with a period of about one month |
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a nuclear reaction this holds true only for the nuclear particles viz. protons and neutrons. the sequence of steps in which the reorganization of chemical bonds may be taking place in the course of a chemical reaction is called its mechanism. a chemical reaction can be envisioned to take place in a number of s... | A) matter and total energy |
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has rest mass and volume ( it takes up space ) and is made up of particles. the particles that make up matter have rest mass as well β not all particles have rest mass, such as the photon. matter can be a pure chemical substance or a mixture of substances. = = = = atom = = = = the atom is the basic unit of che... | B) protons and neutrons |
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= = = = = = environmental remediation = = = environmental remediation is the process through which contaminants or pollutants in soil, water and other media are removed to improve environmental quality. the main focus is the reduction of hazardous substances within the environment. some of the areas involved i... | C) the recycling of nutrients |
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outer satellites of the planets have distant, eccentric orbits that can be highly inclined or even retrograde relative to the equatorial planes of their planets. these irregular orbits cannot have formed by circumplanetary accretion and are likely products of early capture from heliocentric orbit. the irregula... | A) the Moon |
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##morphology studies the origin of landscapes. structural geology studies the deformation of rocks to produce mountains and lowlands. resource geology studies how energy resources can be obtained from minerals. environmental geology studies how pollution and contaminants affect soil and rock. mineralogy is the... | D) from materials that settle. |
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world made wide use of hydropower, along with early uses of tidal power, wind power, fossil fuels such as petroleum, and large factory complexes ( tiraz in arabic ). a variety of industrial mills were employed in the islamic world, including fulling mills, gristmills, hullers, sawmills, ship mills, stamp mills... | B) solar energy |
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##tering - based methods are simple ( " sinter " has roots in the english " cinder " ). the firing is done at a temperature below the melting point of the ceramic. once a roughly - held - together object called a " green body " is made, it is fired in a kiln, where atomic and molecular diffusion processes give... | A) It will melt. |
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, and includes, but is not limited to, the study of epidemics. genetics is the study of genes, and their role in biological inheritance. gynecology is the study of female reproductive system. histology is the study of the structures of biological tissues by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohisto... | C) evaluate different explanations of the behavior. |
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living things, computers, societies, and even books are part of a grand evolutionary struggle to survive. that struggle shapes nature, nations, religions, art, science, and you. what you think, feel, and do is determined by it. darwinian evolution does not apply solely to the genes that are stored in dna. usin... | C) energy |
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much sunlight the plant receives each day. this can result in adaptive changes in a process known as photomorphogenesis. phytochromes are the photoreceptors in a plant that are sensitive to light. = = plant anatomy and morphology = = plant anatomy is the study of the structure of plant cells and tissues, where... | C) a green color |
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the walls of a victim ' s stomach. toxicology, a subfield of forensic chemistry, focuses on detecting and identifying drugs, poisons, and other toxic substances in biological samples. forensic toxicologists work on cases involving drug overdoses, poisoning, and substance abuse. their work is critical in determ... | B) Wear safety goggles. |
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##ry. immunology is the study of the immune system, which includes the innate and adaptive immune system in humans, for example. lifestyle medicine is the study of the chronic conditions, and how to prevent, treat and reverse them. medical physics is the study of the applications of physics principles in medic... | B) microorganisms |
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single carbon atom can form four single covalent bonds such as in methane, two double covalent bonds such as in carbon dioxide ( co2 ), or a triple covalent bond such as in carbon monoxide ( co ). moreover, carbon can form very long chains of interconnecting carbon β carbon bonds such as octane or ring - like ... | D) photosynthesis and respiration |
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general modes : static failure, and fatigue failure. static structural failure occurs when, upon being loaded ( having a force applied ) the object being analyzed either breaks or is deformed plastically, depending on the criterion for failure. fatigue failure occurs when an object fails after a number of repe... | A) circulatory |
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for natural scientists, with the creation of transgenic organisms one of the most important tools for analysis of gene function. genes and other genetic information from a wide range of organisms can be inserted into bacteria for storage and modification, creating genetically modified bacteria in the process. ... | C) wash hands and tabletops thoroughly |
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variation in total solar irradiance is thought to have little effect on the earth ' s surface temperature because of the thermal time constant - - the characteristic response time of the earth ' s global surface temperature to changes in forcing. this time constant is large enough to smooth annual variations b... | A) drought |
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venus flytrap and bladderworts, and the pollinia of orchids. the hypothesis that plant growth and development is coordinated by plant hormones or plant growth regulators first emerged in the late 19th century. darwin experimented on the movements of plant shoots and roots towards light and gravity, and conclud... | A) sunlight during the day |
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three major planets, venus, earth, and mercury formed out of the solar nebula. a fourth planetesimal, theia, also formed near earth where it collided in a giant impact, rebounding as the planet mars. during this impact earth lost $ { \ approx } 4 $ \ % of its crust and mantle that is now is found on mars and t... | A) the gravitational pull between Earth and the Moon |
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##physical processes which take place in human beings as they make sense of information received through the visual system. the subject of the image. when developing an imaging system, designers must consider the observables associated with the subjects which will be imaged. these observables generally take th... | D) mechanical |
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honorable rector, honorable professors, and students of this university : in these times of political and economic struggle and nationalistic fragmentation, it is a particular joy for me to see people assembling here to give their attention exclusively to the highest values that are common to us all. i am glad... | C) Sandpaper |
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of measuring methods. x - rays and gamma rays are used in industrial radiography to make images of the inside of solid products, as a means of nondestructive testing and inspection. the piece to be radiographed is placed between the source and a photographic film in a cassette. after a certain exposure time, t... | B) a hand lens |
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as dental implants and synthetic bones. hydroxyapatite, the natural mineral component of bone, has been made synthetically from a number of biological and chemical sources and can be formed into ceramic materials. orthopedic implants made from these materials bond readily to bone and other tissues in the body ... | A) diamond |
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becomes quite gentle. accordingly, in large basins, rivers in most cases begin as torrents with a variable flow, and end as gently flowing rivers with a comparatively regular discharge. the irregular flow of rivers throughout their course forms one of the main difficulties in devising works for mitigating inun... | D) a delta |
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weather than in the winter months, so that the rivers fall to their low stage in the summer and are liable to be in flood in the winter. in fact, with a temperate climate, the year may be divided into a warm and a cold season, extending from may to october and from november to april in the northern hemisphere ... | D) camouflage. |
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sight, hearing, touch, and sometimes smell ( e. g., in infection, uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis ). four actions are the basis of physical examination : inspection, palpation ( feel ), percussion ( tap to determine resonance characteristics ), and auscultation ( listen ), generally in that order, although auscu... | D) Taste |
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enough to rise to the surface β giving birth to volcanoes. = = atmospheric science = = atmospheric science initially developed in the late - 19th century as a means to forecast the weather through meteorology, the study of weather. atmospheric chemistry was developed in the 20th century to measure air pollutio... | C) hydrosphere |
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and nucleotides. carbohydrates include monomers and polymers of sugars. lipids are the only class of macromolecules that are not made up of polymers. they include steroids, phospholipids, and fats, largely nonpolar and hydrophobic ( water - repelling ) substances. proteins are the most diverse of the macromole... | D) nucleotides |
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##ning an animal for its hide, and even forming other tools out of softer materials such as bone and wood. the earliest stone tools were irrelevant, being little more than a fractured rock. in the acheulian era, beginning approximately 1. 65 million years ago, methods of working these stones into specific shap... | B) It breaks the rocks by expanding in openings. |
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all christian authors held that the earth was round. athenagoras, an eastern christian writing around the year 175 ad, said that the earth was spherical. methodius ( c. 290 ad ), an eastern christian writing against " the theory of the chaldeans and the egyptians " said : " let us first lay bare... the theory ... | B) extremely high pressure |
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genetic engineering takes the gene directly from one organism and delivers it to the other. this is much faster, can be used to insert any genes from any organism ( even ones from different domains ) and prevents other undesirable genes from also being added. genetic engineering could potentially fix severe ge... | A) infectious. |
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nuclear jets containing relativistic ` ` hot ' ' particles close to the central engine cool dramatically by producing high energy radiation. the radiative dissipation is similar to the famous compton drag acting upon ` ` cold ' ' thermal particles in a relativistic bulk flow. highly relativistic protons induce... | A) heat. |
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to a region of deoxyribonucleic acid ( dna ) that carries genetic information that controls form or function of an organism. dna is composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. it is found as linear chromosomes in eukaryotes, and circular chromosomes in prokaryotes.... | D) cells |
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has rest mass and volume ( it takes up space ) and is made up of particles. the particles that make up matter have rest mass as well β not all particles have rest mass, such as the photon. matter can be a pure chemical substance or a mixture of substances. = = = = atom = = = = the atom is the basic unit of che... | C) the sum of protons and neutrons. |
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species occupying the same geographical area at the same time. a biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms living together in a community have on each other. they can be either of the same species ( intraspecific interactions ), or of different species ( interspecific interactions ). these ... | B) compete for food |
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of embryophytes ( land plants ) is called phytology. bryology is the study of mosses ( and in the broader sense also liverworts and hornworts ). pteridology ( or filicology ) is the study of ferns and allied plants. a number of other taxa of ranks varying from family to subgenus have terms for their study, inc... | C) Charles Darwin |
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energy they need to exist. plants, algae and cyanobacteria are the major groups of organisms that carry out photosynthesis, a process that uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars that can be used both as a source of chemical energy and of organic molecules that are used in t... | B) sunlight |
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##trophs including all animals, all fungi, all completely parasitic plants, and non - photosynthetic bacteria take in organic molecules produced by photoautotrophs and respire them or use them in the construction of cells and tissues. respiration is the oxidation of carbon compounds by breaking them down into ... | C) erosion |
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weather than in the winter months, so that the rivers fall to their low stage in the summer and are liable to be in flood in the winter. in fact, with a temperate climate, the year may be divided into a warm and a cold season, extending from may to october and from november to april in the northern hemisphere ... | C) white |
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the ratio of the self - gravitational energy density of the scattering particles in the universe to the energy density of the scattered photons in the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) is the same in any volume of space. these two energy densities are equal at a radiation temperature on the order of the pres... | C) density. |
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monoclonal antibodies, antihemophilic factors, vaccines and many other drugs. mouse hybridomas, cells fused together to create monoclonal antibodies, have been adapted through genetic engineering to create human monoclonal antibodies. genetically engineered viruses are being developed that can still confer imm... | C) increase in predators. |
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higher concentrations of atmospheric nitrous oxide ( n2o ) are expected to slightly warm earth ' s surface because of increases in radiative forcing. radiative forcing is the difference in the net upward thermal radiation flux from the earth through a transparent atmosphere and radiation through an otherwise i... | C) water vapor |
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substrate - level phosphorylation, which does not require oxygen. = = = photosynthesis = = = photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organism ' s metabolic activities via cellular respiration. this chemic... | D) Plants change light energy into food energy. |
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is said to have occurred. a chemical reaction is therefore a concept related to the " reaction " of a substance when it comes in close contact with another, whether as a mixture or a solution ; exposure to some form of energy, or both. it results in some energy exchange between the constituents of the reaction... | C) The burning of wood |
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