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10.5k
M1017
mitigates
T1552.001
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that developers and system administrators are aware of the risk associated with having plaintext passwords in software configuration files that may be left on endpoint systems or servers."}
M1017
mitigates
T1036.007
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to look for double extensions in filenames, and in general use training as a way to bring awareness to common phishing and spearphishing techniques and how to raise suspicion for potentially malicious events."}
M1017
mitigates
T1111
attack
id
{"description":"Remove smart cards when not in use."}
M1017
mitigates
T1204.005
attack
id
{"description":"Train developers to be aware of the existence of malicious libraries and how to avoid installing them. "}
M1017
mitigates
T1528
attack
id
{"description":"Users need to be trained to not authorize third-party applications they don\u2019t recognize. The user should pay particular attention to the redirect URL: if the URL is a misspelled or convoluted sequence of words related to an expected service or SaaS application, the website is likely trying to spoof...
M1017
mitigates
T1555.003
attack
id
{"description":"Provide user training on secure practices for managing credentials, including avoiding storing sensitive passwords in browsers and using password managers securely. Users should also be educated on identifying phishing attempts that could steal session cookies or credentials."}
M1017
mitigates
T1598.002
attack
id
{"description":"Users can be trained to identify social engineering techniques and spearphishing attempts."}
M1017
mitigates
T1176.002
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to minimize IDE extension use, and to only install trusted extensions. "}
M1017
mitigates
T1176
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to minimize extension use, and to only install trusted extensions. "}
M1017
mitigates
T1221
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to identify social engineering techniques and spearphishing emails that could be used to deliver malicious documents."}
M1017
mitigates
T1003.001
attack
id
{"description":"Limit credential overlap across accounts and systems by training users and administrators not to use the same password for multiple accounts."}
M1017
mitigates
T1056.002
attack
id
{"description":"Use user training as a way to bring awareness and raise suspicion for potentially malicious events and dialog boxes (ex: Office documents prompting for credentials)."}
M1017
mitigates
T1556.001
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to recognize and handle suspicious email attachments. Emphasize the importance of caution when opening attachments from unknown or unexpected sources, even if they appear legitimate. Implement email warning banners to alert users about emails originating from outside the organization or cont...
M1017
mitigates
T1557.004
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to be suspicious about access points marked as \u201cOpen\u201d or \u201cUnsecure\u201d as well as certificate errors. Certificate errors may arise when the application\u2019s certificate does not match the one expected by the host."}
M1017
mitigates
T1176.001
attack
id
{"description":"Close out all browser sessions when finished using them to prevent any potentially malicious extensions from continuing to run."}
M1017
mitigates
T1566.001
attack
id
{"description":"Users can be trained to identify social engineering techniques and spearphishing emails."}
M1017
mitigates
T1189
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to be aware of access or manipulation attempts by an adversary to reduce the risk of successful spearphishing, social engineering, and other techniques that involve user interaction."}
M1017
mitigates
T1078.004
attack
id
{"description":"Applications may send push notifications to verify a login as a form of multi-factor authentication (MFA). Train users to only accept valid push notifications and to report suspicious push notifications."}
M1017
mitigates
T1213.002
attack
id
{"description":"Develop and publish policies that define acceptable information to be stored in SharePoint repositories."}
M1017
mitigates
T1566.002
attack
id
{"description":"Users can be trained to identify social engineering techniques and spearphishing emails with malicious links which includes phishing for consent with OAuth 2.0. Additionally, users may perform visual checks of the domains they visit; however, homographs in ASCII and in IDN domains and URL schema obfusca...
M1017
mitigates
T1684
attack
id
{"description":"Reduces success of phishing/vishing/impersonation and modern \u201chuman interface\u201d lures.(Citation: SE SentinelOne 2)(Citation: Sophos User Interaction)(Citation: Unit 42 Global Incident Response Report 2026)"}
M1017
mitigates
T1552.008
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that developers and system administrators are aware of the risk associated with sharing unsecured passwords across communication services."}
M1017
mitigates
T1204.001
attack
id
{"description":"Use user training as a way to bring awareness to common phishing and spearphishing techniques and how to raise suspicion for potentially malicious events."}
M1017
mitigates
T1204.002
attack
id
{"description":"Use user training as a way to bring awareness to common phishing and spearphishing techniques and how to raise suspicion for potentially malicious events."}
M1017
mitigates
T1003.002
attack
id
{"description":"Limit credential overlap across accounts and systems by training users and administrators not to use the same password for multiple accounts."}
M1017
mitigates
T1003.004
attack
id
{"description":"Limit credential overlap across accounts and systems by training users and administrators not to use the same password for multiple accounts."}
M1017
mitigates
T1078
attack
id
{"description":"Applications may send push notifications to verify a login as a form of multi-factor authentication (MFA). Train users to only accept valid push notifications and to report suspicious push notifications."}
M1017
mitigates
T1566
attack
id
{"description":"Users can be trained to identify social engineering techniques and phishing emails."}
M1017
mitigates
T1667
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to be aware of access or manipulation attempts by an adversary to reduce the risk of successful social engineering via e-mail bombing."}
M1017
mitigates
T1027
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that a finite amount of ingress points to a software deployment system exist with restricted access for those required to allow and enable newly deployed software."}
M1017
mitigates
T1547.007
attack
id
{"description":"Holding the Shift key while logging in prevents apps from opening automatically.(Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac)"}
M1017
mitigates
T1539
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to identify aspects of phishing attempts where they're asked to enter credentials into a site that has the incorrect domain for the application they are logging into. Additionally, train users not to run untrusted JavaScript in their browser, such as by copying and pasting code or dragging a...
M1017
mitigates
T1621
attack
id
{"description":"Train users to only accept 2FA/MFA requests from login attempts they initiated, to review source location of the login attempt prompting the 2FA/MFA requests, and to report suspicious/unsolicited prompts."}
M1017
modified
2026-05-12 15:12:00.730000+00:00
attack
date
M1017
name
User Training
attack
string
M1017
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.3"}
M1017
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017
attack
url
M1018
created
2019-06-06 16:50:58.767000+00:00
attack
date
M1018
description
User Account Management involves implementing and enforcing policies for the lifecycle of user accounts, including creation, modification, and deactivation. Proper account management reduces the attack surface by limiting unauthorized access, managing account privileges, and ensuring accounts are used according to orga...
attack
string
M1018
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
M1018
mitigates
T1580
attack
id
{"description":"Limit permissions to discover cloud infrastructure in accordance with least privilege. Organizations should limit the number of users within the organization with an IAM role that has administrative privileges, strive to reduce all permanent privileged role assignments, and conduct periodic entitlement ...
M1018
mitigates
T1677
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that CI/CD pipelines only have permissions they require to complete their operations. Additionally, limit the number of users who have write access to internal repositories to only those necessary."}
M1018
mitigates
T1078.002
attack
id
{"description":"Regularly review and manage domain accounts to ensure that only active, necessary accounts exist. Remove or disable inactive and unnecessary accounts to reduce the risk of adversaries abusing these accounts to gain unauthorized access or move laterally within the network."}
M1018
mitigates
T1543
attack
id
{"description":"Limit privileges of user accounts and groups so that only authorized administrators can interact with system-level process changes and service configurations."}
M1018
mitigates
T1040
attack
id
{"description":"In cloud environments, ensure that users are not granted permissions to create or modify traffic mirrors unless this is explicitly required."}
M1018
mitigates
T1578
attack
id
{"description":"Limit permissions for creating, deleting, and otherwise altering compute components in accordance with least privilege. Organizations should limit the number of users within the organization with an IAM role that has administrative privileges, strive to reduce all permanent privileged role assignments, ...
M1018
mitigates
T1072
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that any accounts used by third-party providers to access these systems are traceable to the third-party and are not used throughout the network or used by other third-party providers in the same environment. Ensure there are regular reviews of accounts provisioned to these systems to verify cont...
M1018
mitigates
T1021.008
attack
id
{"description":"Limit which users are allowed to access compute infrastructure via cloud native methods."}
M1018
mitigates
T1574.010
attack
id
{"description":"Limit privileges of user accounts and groups so that only authorized administrators can interact with service changes and service binary target path locations. Deny execution from user directories such as file download directories and temp directories where able."}
M1018
mitigates
T1213.004
attack
id
{"description":"Enforce the principle of least-privilege. Consider implementing access control mechanisms that include both authentication and authorization. "}
M1018
mitigates
T1578.005
attack
id
{"description":"Limit permissions to request quotas adjustments or modify tenant-level compute setting to only those required."}
M1018
mitigates
T1685.001
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure proper user permissions are in place to prevent adversaries from disabling or interfering with logging."}
M1018
mitigates
T1098.004
attack
id
{"description":"In cloud environments, ensure that only users who explicitly require the permissions to update instance metadata or configurations can do so."}
M1018
mitigates
T1619
attack
id
{"description":"Restrict granting of permissions related to listing objects in cloud storage to necessary accounts."}
M1018
mitigates
T1685
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure proper user permissions are in place to prevent adversaries from disabling or interfering with security services."}
M1018
mitigates
T1053
attack
id
{"description":"Limit privileges of user accounts and remediate Privilege Escalation vectors so only authorized administrators can create scheduled tasks on remote systems."}
M1018
mitigates
T1556.006
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that proper policies are implemented to dictate the secure enrollment and deactivation of MFA for user accounts."}
M1018
mitigates
T1530
attack
id
{"description":"Configure user permissions groups and roles for access to cloud storage.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Storage Security, 2019) Implement strict Identity and Access Management (IAM) controls to prevent access to storage solutions except for the applications, users, and services that require access.(Citation:...
M1018
mitigates
T1036
attack
id
{"description":"Consider defining and enforcing a naming convention for user accounts to more easily spot generic account names that do not fit the typical schema."}
M1018
mitigates
T1610
attack
id
{"description":"Enforce the principle of least privilege by limiting container dashboard access to only the necessary users. When using Kubernetes, avoid giving users wildcard permissions or adding users to the `system:masters` group, and use `RoleBindings` rather than `ClusterRoleBindings` to limit user privileges to ...
M1018
mitigates
T1197
attack
id
{"description":"\nConsider limiting access to the BITS interface to specific users or groups.(Citation: Symantec BITS May 2007)"}
M1018
mitigates
T1537
attack
id
{"description":"Limit user account and IAM policies to the least privileges required."}
M1018
mitigates
T1556.009
attack
id
{"description":"Limit permissions to modify conditional access policies to only those required."}
M1018
mitigates
T1566.003
attack
id
{"description":"Enforce strict user account management policies on third-party service accounts to control access and limit privileges. Configure accounts with the minimum permissions necessary to perform their roles and regularly review access levels. This minimizes the risk of adversaries exploiting service accounts ...
M1018
mitigates
T1546.003
attack
id
{"description":"By default, only administrators are allowed to connect remotely using WMI; restrict other users that are allowed to connect, or disallow all users from connecting remotely to WMI."}
M1018
mitigates
T1547.009
attack
id
{"description":"Limit Privileges for Shortcut Creation: While the SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege is not directly related to .lnk file creation, you should still enforce least privilege principles by limiting user rights to create and modify shortcuts, especially in system-critical locations. This can be done through GPO...
M1018
mitigates
T1578.003
attack
id
{"description":"Limit permissions for deleting new instances in accordance with least privilege. Organizations should limit the number of users within the organization with an IAM role that has administrative privileges, strive to reduce all permanent privileged role assignments, and conduct periodic entitlement review...
M1018
mitigates
T1134
attack
id
{"description":"An adversary must already have administrator level access on the local system to make full use of this technique; be sure to restrict users and accounts to the least privileges they require. "}
M1018
mitigates
T1686.002
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure proper user permissions are in place to prevent adversaries from disabling or modifying firewall settings."}
M1018
mitigates
T1543.004
attack
id
{"description":"Limit privileges of user accounts and remediate Privilege Escalation vectors so only authorized administrators can create new Launch Daemons."}
M1018
mitigates
T1047
attack
id
{"description":"By default, only administrators are allowed to connect remotely using WMI. Restrict other users who are allowed to connect, or disallow all users to connect remotely to WMI."}
M1018
mitigates
T1134.001
attack
id
{"description":"An adversary must already have administrator level access on the local system to make full use of this technique; be sure to restrict users and accounts to the least privileges they require. "}
M1018
mitigates
T1566.001
attack
id
{"description":"Apply user account management principles to limit permissions for accounts interacting with email attachments, ensuring that only necessary accounts have the ability to open or execute files. Restricting account privileges reduces the potential impact of malicious attachments by preventing unauthorized ...
M1018
mitigates
T1609
attack
id
{"description":"Enforce authentication and role-based access control on the container service to restrict users to the least privileges required.(Citation: Kubernetes Hardening Guide) When using Kubernetes, avoid giving users wildcard permissions or adding users to the `system:masters` group, and use `RoleBindings` rat...
M1018
mitigates
T1550.003
attack
id
{"description":"Do not allow a user to be a local administrator for multiple systems."}
M1018
mitigates
T1654
attack
id
{"description":"Limit the ability to access and export sensitive logs to privileged accounts where possible."}
M1018
mitigates
T1574
attack
id
{"description":"Limit privileges of user accounts and groups so that only authorized administrators can interact with service changes and service binary target path locations. Deny execution from user directories such as file download directories and temp directories where able.\n\nEnsure that proper permissions and di...
M1018
mitigates
T1078
attack
id
{"description":"Regularly audit user accounts for activity and deactivate or remove any that are no longer needed."}
M1018
mitigates
T1098.001
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that low-privileged user accounts do not have permission to add access keys to accounts. In AWS environments, prohibit users from calling the `sts:GetFederationToken` API unless explicitly required.(Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence)"}
M1018
mitigates
T1053.007
attack
id
{"description":"Limit privileges of user accounts and remediate privilege escalation vectors so only authorized administrators can create container orchestration jobs."}
M1018
mitigates
T1484.001
attack
id
{"description":"Consider implementing WMI and security filtering to further tailor which users and computers a GPO will apply to.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Microsoft WMI Filters)(Citation: Microsoft GPO Security Filtering)"}
M1018
mitigates
T1547.006
attack
id
{"description":"Use MDM to disable user's ability to install or approve kernel extensions, and ensure all approved kernel extensions are in alignment with policies specified in <code>com.apple.syspolicy.kernel-extension-policy</code>.(Citation: Apple TN2459 Kernel Extensions)(Citation: MDMProfileConfigMacOS)\n"}
M1018
mitigates
T1563.002
attack
id
{"description":"Limit remote user permissions if remote access is necessary."}
M1018
mitigates
T1098
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure that low-privileged user accounts do not have permissions to modify accounts or account-related policies."}
M1018
mitigates
T1569
attack
id
{"description":"Prevent users from installing their own launch agents or launch daemons."}
M1018
mitigates
T1686
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure proper user permissions are in place to prevent adversaries from disabling or modifying firewall settings."}
M1018
mitigates
T1666
attack
id
{"description":"Limit permissions to add, delete, or modify resource groups to only those required. "}
M1018
mitigates
T1213.002
attack
id
{"description":"Enforce the principle of least-privilege. Consider implementing access control mechanisms that include both authentication and authorization."}
M1018
mitigates
T1543.002
attack
id
{"description":"Limit user access to system utilities such as `systemctl` to only users who have a legitimate need."}
M1018
mitigates
T1485.001
attack
id
{"description":"In cloud environments, limit permissions to modify cloud bucket lifecycle policies (e.g., `PutLifecycleConfiguration` in AWS) to only those accounts that require it. In AWS environments, consider using Service Control policies to limit the use of the `PutBucketLifecycle` API call. "}
M1018
mitigates
T1021
attack
id
{"description":"Limit the accounts that may use remote services. Limit the permissions for accounts that are at higher risk of compromise; for example, configure SSH so users can only run specific programs."}
M1018
mitigates
T1685.004
attack
id
{"description":"An adversary must already have root level access on the local system to make full use of this technique; be sure to restrict users and accounts to the least privileges they require."}
M1018
mitigates
T1550.002
attack
id
{"description":"Do not allow a domain user to be in the local administrator group on multiple systems."}
M1018
mitigates
T1555.005
attack
id
{"description":"Implement strict user account management policies to prevent unnecessary accounts from accessing sensitive systems. Regularly audit user accounts to identify and disable inactive accounts that may be targeted by attackers to extract credentials or gain unauthorized access."}
M1018
mitigates
T1484
attack
id
{"description":"Consider implementing WMI and security filtering to further tailor which users and computers a GPO will apply to.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Microsoft WMI Filters)(Citation: Microsoft GPO Security Filtering)"}
M1018
mitigates
T1548
attack
id
{"description":"Limit the privileges of cloud accounts to assume, create, or impersonate additional roles, policies, and permissions to only those required. Where just-in-time access is enabled, consider requiring manual approval for temporary elevation of privileges."}
M1018
mitigates
T1078.003
attack
id
{"description":"Enforce user account management practices for local accounts to limit access and remove inactive or unused accounts. By doing so, you reduce the attack surface available to adversaries and prevent unauthorized access to local systems."}
M1018
mitigates
T1547.013
attack
id
{"description":"Limit privileges of user accounts so only authorized privileged users can create and modify XDG autostart entries."}
M1018
mitigates
T1686.001
attack
id
{"description":"Ensure least privilege principles are applied to Identity and Access Management (IAM) security policies.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)"}
M1018
mitigates
T1213
attack
id
{"description":"Enforce the principle of least-privilege. Consider implementing access control mechanisms that include both authentication and authorization."}