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T1490
modified
2026-05-12 15:12:00.724000+00:00
attack
date
T1490
modified
2025-04-18 18:00:11.436000+00:00
attack
date
T1490
name
Inhibit System Recovery
attack
string
T1490
name
Inhibit System Recovery Mitigation
attack
string
T1490
platform
Containers
attack
string
T1490
platform
ESXi
attack
string
T1490
platform
IaaS
attack
string
T1490
platform
Linux
attack
string
T1490
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1490
platform
Network Devices
attack
string
T1490
platform
Windows
attack
string
T1490
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.6","external_references":[{"url":"https://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/code-hosting-service-shuts-down-after-cyber-attack","source_name":"Dark Reading Code Spaces Cyber Attack","description":" Brian Prince. (2014, June 20). Code Hosting Service Shuts Down After Cyber Attack. Retrieved March 21, 20...
T1490
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0","external_references":[{"url":"https://www.ready.gov/business/implementation/IT","source_name":"Ready.gov IT DRP","description":"Ready.gov. (n.d.). IT Disaster Recovery Plan. Retrieved March 15, 2019."},{"url":"http://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/application/application-whitelisting-panacea-pr...
T1490
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490
attack
url
T1490
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1490
attack
url
T1491
belongs-to-tactic
TA0040
attack
id
T1491
created
2019-04-08 17:51:41.390000+00:00
attack
date
T1491
created
2019-04-08 17:51:41.510000+00:00
attack
date
T1491
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1491
description
Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content. Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion. D...
attack
string
T1491
description
Implementing best practices for websites such as defending against [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) (Citation: OWASP Top 10 2017). Consider implementing IT disaster recovery plans that contain procedures for taking regular data backups that can be used to restore organizati...
attack
string
T1491
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1491
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1491
impact-type
Integrity
attack
string
T1491
is-subtechnique
false
attack
boolean
T1491
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:49.761000+00:00
attack
date
T1491
modified
2025-04-18 17:59:56.773000+00:00
attack
date
T1491
name
Defacement
attack
string
T1491
name
Defacement Mitigation
attack
string
T1491
platform
Windows
attack
string
T1491
platform
IaaS
attack
string
T1491
platform
Linux
attack
string
T1491
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1491
platform
ESXi
attack
string
T1491
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.4"}
T1491
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0","external_references":[{"url":"https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten/OWASP_Top_Ten_2017/","source_name":"OWASP Top 10 2017","description":"OWASP. (2017, April 16). OWASP Top 10 2017 - The Ten Most Critical Web Application Security Risks. Retrieved February 12, 2019."}]}
T1491
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491
attack
url
T1491
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1491
attack
url
T1491.001
belongs-to-tactic
TA0040
attack
id
T1491.001
created
2020-02-20 14:31:34.778000+00:00
attack
date
T1491.001
description
An adversary may deface systems internal to an organization in an attempt to intimidate or mislead users, thus discrediting the integrity of the systems. This may take the form of modifications to internal websites or server login messages, or directly to user systems with the replacement of the desktop wallpaper.(Cita...
attack
string
T1491.001
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1491.001
impact-type
Integrity
attack
string
T1491.001
is-subtechnique
true
attack
boolean
T1491.001
modified
2026-05-12 15:12:00.705000+00:00
attack
date
T1491.001
name
Internal Defacement
attack
string
T1491.001
platform
ESXi
attack
string
T1491.001
platform
Linux
attack
string
T1491.001
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1491.001
platform
Windows
attack
string
T1491.001
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.2","external_references":[{"url":"https://www.varonis.com/blog/vmware-esxi-in-the-line-of-ransomware-fire","source_name":"Varonis","description":"Jason Hill. (2023, February 8). VMware ESXi in the Line of Ransomware Fire. Retrieved March 26, 2025."},{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200515/https...
T1491.001
subtechnique-of
T1491
attack
id
T1491.001
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001
attack
url
T1491.002
belongs-to-tactic
TA0040
attack
id
T1491.002
created
2020-02-20 14:34:08.496000+00:00
attack
date
T1491.002
description
An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users. [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may ultimately cause users to distrust the systems and to question/discredit the system’s integr...
attack
string
T1491.002
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1491.002
impact-type
Integrity
attack
string
T1491.002
is-subtechnique
true
attack
boolean
T1491.002
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:23.460000+00:00
attack
date
T1491.002
name
External Defacement
attack
string
T1491.002
platform
Windows
attack
string
T1491.002
platform
IaaS
attack
string
T1491.002
platform
Linux
attack
string
T1491.002
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1491.002
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.2","external_references":[{"url":"https://torrentfreak.com/anonymous-hackers-deface-russian-govt-site-to-protest-web-blocking-nsfw-180512/","source_name":"Anonymous Hackers Deface Russian Govt Site","description":"Andy. (2018, May 12). \u2018Anonymous\u2019 Hackers Deface Russian Govt. Site to Protest Web...
T1491.002
subtechnique-of
T1491
attack
id
T1491.002
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002
attack
url
T1492
belongs-to-tactic
TA0040
attack
id
T1492
created
2019-04-09 11:51:30.942000+00:00
attack
date
T1492
created
2019-04-24 17:02:25.107000+00:00
attack
date
T1492
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1492
description
Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ...
attack
string
T1492
description
Identify critical business and system processes that may be targeted by adversaries and work to secure the data related to those processes against tampering. Ensure least privilege principles are applied to important information resources to reduce exposure to data manipulation risk. Consider encrypting important infor...
attack
string
T1492
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1492
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1492
impact-type
Integrity
attack
string
T1492
is-subtechnique
false
attack
boolean
T1492
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:22.650000+00:00
attack
date
T1492
modified
2025-04-18 18:00:18.994000+00:00
attack
date
T1492
name
Stored Data Manipulation
attack
string
T1492
name
Stored Data Manipulation Mitigation
attack
string
T1492
platform
Linux
attack
string
T1492
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1492
platform
Windows
attack
string
T1492
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.1","external_references":[{"url":"https://content.fireeye.com/apt/rpt-apt38","source_name":"FireEye APT38 Oct 2018","description":"FireEye. (2018, October 03). APT38: Un-usual Suspects. Retrieved November 6, 2018."},{"url":"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1092091/download","source_name":"DO...
T1492
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0","external_references":[{"url":"https://www.ready.gov/business/implementation/IT","source_name":"Ready.gov IT DRP","description":"Ready.gov. (n.d.). IT Disaster Recovery Plan. Retrieved March 15, 2019."}]}
T1492
revoked
true
attack
boolean
T1492
revoked-by
T1565.001
attack
id
T1492
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1492
attack
url
T1492
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1492
attack
url
T1493
belongs-to-tactic
TA0040
attack
id
T1493
created
2019-04-09 16:08:20.824000+00:00
attack
date
T1493
created
2019-04-24 17:03:39.689000+00:00
attack
date
T1493
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1493
description
Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision...
attack
string
T1493
description
Identify critical business and system processes that may be targeted by adversaries and work to secure communications related to those processes against tampering. Encrypt all important data flows to reduce the impact of tailored modifications on data in transit.
attack
string
T1493
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1493
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1493
impact-type
Integrity
attack
string