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The challenge is to efficiently find the largest [pronic number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronic_number) less than the method's input. The initial solution passes the sample tests, but fails for larger numbers used in the acceptance tests. Your algorithm should be fast as the acceptance tests will run 10,000 ran...
reference
def next_smaller_pronic(n): k = int((- 1 + (1 + 4 * n) * * .5) / 2 - 10 * * - 5) return k * (k + 1)
Next smaller pronic
5a90f6d457c5624ecc000012
[ "Mathematics", "Algorithms", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a90f6d457c5624ecc000012
6 kyu
In this Kata, you will be given a string and your task is to determine if that string can be a palindrome if we rotate one or more characters to the left. ```Haskell solve("4455") = true, because after 1 rotation, we get "5445" which is a palindrome solve("zazcbaabc") = true, because after 3 rotations, we get "abczazc...
algorithms
def solve(s): return any(s[i + 1:] + s[: i + 1] == s[i:: - 1] + s[: i: - 1] for i in range(len(s)))
Simple rotated palindromes
5a8fbe73373c2e904700008c
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8fbe73373c2e904700008c
7 kyu
> [Learn about Sandpile numbers from Numberphile!](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MtEUErz7Gg) Let's learn about a new type of number: the Sandpile. ## What are Sandpiles? A sandpile is a grid of piles of sand ranging from `0` to some max integer value. For simplicity's sake, we'll look at a `3x3` grid containing `...
algorithms
class Sandpile: def __init__(self, piles: str = "000\n000\n000"): self . piles = Sandpile . _to_list(piles) self . _topple() def __str__(self): return Sandpile . _to_str(self . piles) def add(self, sandpile): return Sandpile(Sandpile . _to_str([[p1 + p2 for p1, p2 in zip(r1, r2)...
Playing with Sandpiles
58c5fca35722de3493000081
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/58c5fca35722de3493000081
5 kyu
We all know how to handle exceptions in Python. Just use: try: num = float(input()) except ValueError: print("That's not a number!") else: print(num) Code such as this def factorial(x, n = 1): if x == 0: raise ValueError(n) factorial(x - 1, n * x) re...
reference
def handle(func, success, failure, * exceptions): class manager: def __enter__(self): pass def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): if isinstance(value, exceptions): failure(func, value) return True return not value with manager(): success(func, func())
Bad Exception Handling
5950eec3a100d72be100003f
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5950eec3a100d72be100003f
4 kyu
RSA is a widely used public-key cryptosystem. Like other public-key encryption systems, RSA takes in data and encrypts it using a publicly available key. The private key is then used to decrypt the data. It is useful for sending data to servers because anyone can encrypt their own data, but only the server containing t...
algorithms
class RSA: def __init__(self, p, q, e): phi = (p - 1) * (q - 1) self . n = p * q self . e = e self . d = pow(e, - 1, phi) def encrypt(self, m): return pow(m, self . e, self . n) def decrypt(self, c): return pow(c, self . d, self . n)
Simple RSA Implementation
56f1e42f0cd8bc1e6e001713
[ "Cryptography", "Algorithms", "Number Theory" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/56f1e42f0cd8bc1e6e001713
5 kyu
<p>You and a group of explorers have found a legendary ziggurat hidden in an obscure jungle. According to legend, the ancient structure houses portals to other worlds.</p> <p>The outer west wall of the ziggurat consists of a series of entrance doors. When an explorer enters through a door, they sit in a mobile cart tha...
algorithms
class Ziggurate: board = [] exit_gates = [] def __init__(self, x): self . x = x self . y = 0 self . axis_flag = 1 self . direction = 1 self . exit = None def travers_ziggurate(self): while self . is_exit(len(self . board), self . x, self . y): field = self . boar...
Ziggurat Ride of Fortune
5a8cacb2d5261f53ec0031f3
[ "Arrays", "Performance", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8cacb2d5261f53ec0031f3
5 kyu
Given the number pledged for a year, current value and name of the month, return string that gives information about the challenge status: - ahead of schedule - behind schedule - on track - challenge is completed Examples: `(12, 1, "February")` - should return `"You are on track."` `(12, 1, "March")` - should retur...
reference
MONTH = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December'] def check_challenge(pledged, current, month): d, p = divmod(pledged, 12) plg = [d + 1] * p + [d] * (12 - p) diff = current - sum(plg[: MONTH . index(month)]) ...
Progress of a challenge
584acd331b8b758fe700000d
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/584acd331b8b758fe700000d
6 kyu
# Convergents of e The square root of `$2$` can be written as an infinite continued fraction. ```math \displaystyle{\sqrt{2} = 1 + \dfrac{1}{2 + \dfrac{1}{2 + \dfrac{1}{2 + \dfrac{1}{2 + ...}}}}} ``` The infinite continued fraction can be written, `$\sqrt{2} = [1; (2)]$`, `$(2)$` indicates that `$2$` repeats ad infinit...
reference
e = [1, 2] for n in range(1, 10 * * 4): for f in 1, 2 * n, 1: e . append(f * e[- 1] + e[- 2]) def convergents_of_e(n): return sum(map(int, str(e[n])))
Convergents of e
5a8d63930025e92f4c000086
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8d63930025e92f4c000086
5 kyu
You are given a matrix of `m rows` and `n columns` having integer numbers, positive an negative ones. You have to rearrenge it in order to have `all the rows sorted from left to right` and `all the columns sorted from top to bottom.` E.g.: Case 1: Square Matrix 3x3 ``` matrix1 = [[7, 1, 4], [3, 2, 8],...
reference
def order(matrix): matrix = [sorted(row) for row in matrix] matrix = [sorted(row) for row in zip(* matrix)] return list(zip(* matrix))
#5 Matrices: Sort The Matrix
590363d57e16c9b3c0000014
[ "Algorithms", "Matrix", "Sorting", "Data Structures", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/590363d57e16c9b3c0000014
6 kyu
In this kata, you will sort elements in an array by decreasing frequency of elements. If two elements have the same frequency, sort them by increasing value. ```haskell solve([2,3,5,3,7,9,5,3,7]) = [3,3,3,5,5,7,7,2,9] -- We sort by highest frequency to lowest frequency. -- If two elements have same frequency, we sort...
algorithms
from collections import Counter def solve(a): c = Counter(a) return sorted(a, key=lambda k: (- c[k], k))
Simple frequency sort
5a8d2bf60025e9163c0000bc
[ "Algorithms", "Sorting", "Arrays" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8d2bf60025e9163c0000bc
6 kyu
In this Kata, you will be given a string and two indexes (`a` and `b`). Your task is to reverse the portion of that string between those two indices inclusive. ~~~if-not:fortran ``` solve("codewars",1,5) = "cawedors" -- elements at index 1 to 5 inclusive are "odewa". So we reverse them. solve("cODEWArs", 1,5) = "cAWE...
algorithms
def solve(s, a, b): return s[: a] + s[a: b + 1][:: - 1] + s[b + 1:]
Simple string reversal II
5a8d1c82373c2e099d0000ac
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8d1c82373c2e099d0000ac
7 kyu
We have to find the longest substring of identical characters in a very long string. Let's see an example: ``` s1 = "1111aa994bbbb1111AAAAAFF?<mmMaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabf" ``` The longest substring in ```s1``` is ```"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"``` having a length of ```25```, made of character, "a", with its corres...
reference
import re def find_longest_substr(s): m = max(re . finditer(r'([A-Za-z0-9])\1*', s), key=lambda m: m . end() - m . start()) return [str(ord(m . group(1))), m . end() - m . start(), [m . start(), m . end() - 1]]
#1 Strings: Find The Longest Substring and Required Data.
59167d51c63c18af32000055
[ "Fundamentals", "Strings", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/59167d51c63c18af32000055
6 kyu
**Principal Diagonal** -- The principal diagonal in a matrix identifies those elements of the matrix running from North-West to South-East. **Secondary Diagonal** -- the secondary diagonal of a matrix identifies those elements of the matrix running from North-East to South-West. For example: ``` matrix: [...
reference
def diagonal(m): P = sum(m[i][i] for i in range(len(m))) S = sum(m[i][- i - 1] for i in range(len(m))) if P > S: return "Principal Diagonal win!" elif S > P : return "Secondary Diagonal win!" else : return 'Draw!'
Principal Diagonal | VS | Secondary Diagonal
5a8c1b06fd5777d4c00000dd
[ "Fundamentals", "Matrix", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8c1b06fd5777d4c00000dd
7 kyu
# Definition A **_Tidy number_** *is a number whose* **_digits are in non-decreasing order_**. ___ # Task **_Given_** a number, **_Find if it is Tidy or not_** . ____ # Warm-up (Highly recommended) # [Playing With Numbers Series](https://www.codewars.com/collections/playing-with-numbers) ___ # Notes * **_Num...
reference
def tidyNumber(n): s = list(str(n)) return s == sorted(s)
Tidy Number (Special Numbers Series #9)
5a87449ab1710171300000fd
[ "Fundamentals", "Arrays", "Strings" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a87449ab1710171300000fd
7 kyu
# Introduction and Warm-up (Highly recommended) # [Playing With Lists/Arrays Series](https://www.codewars.com/collections/playing-with-lists-slash-arrays) ___ # Definition An **_element is leader_** *if it is greater than The Sum all the elements to its right side*. ____ # Task **_Given_** an *array/list [] of int...
reference
def array_leaders(numbers): return [n for (i, n) in enumerate(numbers) if n > sum(numbers[(i + 1):])]
Array Leaders (Array Series #3)
5a651865fd56cb55760000e0
[ "Fundamentals", "Arrays" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a651865fd56cb55760000e0
7 kyu
## Task You're given two non-negative numbers `(0 <= x,y)`. The goal is to create a function named `simple_sum` which return their sum. ## Restrictions The restrictions can be summurized as 'bit and logical operations are allowed'. Here comphrensive description. You're code __mustn't__ contain: ``` 1. `import`, `g...
reference
def simple_sum(x, y): while x: x, y = ((x & y) << 1), (x ^ y) return y
Simple Sum (with restrictions)
584c692db32364474000000a
[ "Puzzles", "Restricted" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/584c692db32364474000000a
6 kyu
Several officials, managers and even athletes of your national football league have been charged with corruption allegations. The upcoming season is at stake. With only a few days to go, the season's pairings have not yet been established. In search for trustworthy individuals you were assigned this important task. ...
algorithms
def schedule(teams): if len(teams) % 2: raise ValueError season = [] for _ in range(len(teams) - 1): season . append([(teams[i], teams[- 1 - i]) if i or len(season) % 2 else (teams[- 1 - i], teams[i]) for i in range(len(teams) / / 2)]) teams = [teams[0], teams[- 1]] + teams[1: - 1] ...
Football Season
584d9a8fd2d637cccf00017a
[ "Combinatorics", "Permutations", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/584d9a8fd2d637cccf00017a
5 kyu
This is a question from codingbat Given an integer n greater than or equal to 0, create and return an array with the following pattern: squareUp(3) => [0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1] squareUp(2) => [0, 1, 2, 1] squareUp(4) => [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1] ~~~if-not:bf 0 <= `n` <= 1000....
games
def square_up(n): return [j if j <= i else 0 for i in range(1, n + 1) for j in range(n, 0, - 1)]
Array - squareUp b!
5a8bcd980025e99381000099
[ "Mathematics", "Arrays" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8bcd980025e99381000099
7 kyu
In this challenge, you will be creating a go board that users can play a game of go on. An understanding of the rules of go should be sufficient enough to complete this kata. The main goals for this kata: - Creating a go board to a specific size. - Placing go stones on the board. (White and Black alternating). - Captu...
algorithms
from copy import deepcopy class Go: MOVES = [(1, 0), (- 1, 0), (0, 1), (0, - 1)] SYMBOLS = "xo" HANDICAP = {(9, 9): ['7G', '3C', '3G', '7C', '5E'], (13, 13): ['10K', '4D', '4K', '10D', '7G', '7D', '7K', '10G', '4G'], (19, 19): ['16Q', '4D', '4Q', '16D', '10K', '10...
Game of Go
59de9f8ff703c4891900005c
[ "Games", "Performance", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/59de9f8ff703c4891900005c
2 kyu
Make the 2D list by the sequential integers started by the ```head``` number. See the example test cases for the expected output. ``` Note: -10**20 < the head number <10**20 1 <= the number of rows <= 1000 0 <= the number of columms <= 1000 ```
reference
def make_2d_list(head, row, col): return [[head + c + r * col for c in range(col)] for r in range(row)]
2D list by the sequential integers
5a8897d4ba1bb5f266000057
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8897d4ba1bb5f266000057
7 kyu
You will be given a list with the coefficients of a polynomial. Look the following order in both: ``` P(x) = 6x³ + 3x² + 5x -4 coefficients = [ 6, 3, 5, -4] ``` Your task is to express the polynomial like a string with its value for a certain determinate x: ```python [6, 3, 5, -4], 4 returns "For 6*x^3 + 3*...
reference
import re def calc_poly(coefs, x): coefs = coefs[:: - 1] res = sum(x * * i * c for i, c in enumerate(coefs)) poly = ' + ' . join(["{}*x^{}" . format(c, i) for i, c in enumerate(coefs) if c][:: - 1]) poly = re . sub(r'\*x\^0|\^1\b|\b1\*(?!x\^0)', '',...
Polynomials II: Coefficients In a List
5694b4f9a01ae685c400002f
[ "Fundamentals", "Mathematics", "Strings", "Logic" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5694b4f9a01ae685c400002f
6 kyu
## Emotional Sort ( ︶︿︶) You'll have a function called "**sortEmotions**" that will return an array of **emotions** sorted. It has two parameters, the first parameter called "**arr**" will expect an array of **emotions** where an **emotion** will be one of the following: - **:D** -> Super Happy - **:)** -> Happy - **...
reference
def sort_emotions(arr, order): return sorted(arr, key=[':D', ':)', ':|', ':(', 'T_T']. index, reverse=not order)
Emotional Sort ( ︶︿︶)
5a86073fb17101e453000258
[ "Arrays", "Fundamentals", "Sorting" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a86073fb17101e453000258
6 kyu
### Please also check out other katas in [Domino Tiling series](https://www.codewars.com/collections/5d19554d13dba80026a74ff5)! --- # Task A domino is a rectangular block with `2` units wide and `1` unit high. A domino can be placed on a grid in two ways: horizontal or vertical. ``` ## or # # ``` You have in...
games
import numpy as np def five_by_2n(n): x = np . array([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1], [1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1], [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1], [ 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2], [1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 6, 1], [1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 6, 1], [1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 6, 1]]) y = np . array([1, 1,...
Domino Tiling - 5 x 2N Board
5a77f76bfd5777c6c300001c
[ "Puzzles", "Mathematics", "Logic", "Dynamic Programming" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a77f76bfd5777c6c300001c
4 kyu
# Disclaimer This kata is an insane step-up from [myjinxin's Four Warriors and a Lamp](https://www.codewars.com/kata/t-dot-t-t-dot-51-four-warriors-and-a-lamp), so I recommend to solve it first before trying this one. (You'll also get a better understanding of the story, though it doesn't matter very much in solving t...
games
def shortest_time(times): times . sort() cost = 0 while len(times) > 3: t1 = times[0] + 2 * times[1] + times[- 1] t2 = 2 * times[0] + times . pop() + times . pop() cost += min(t1, t2) cost += sum(times) - sum(times[: - 1]) * (len(times) < 3) return cost
(Insane) N Warriors and a Lamp
5a77f725b17101edd5000020
[ "Puzzles", "Performance", "Logic", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a77f725b17101edd5000020
5 kyu
*NOTE: It is highly recommended that you complete the first 4 Kata in this Series before attempting this final Kata; otherwise, the description would make little sense.* --- ```if:java <font color="orange"><b><i>For java users:</i></b></font> Each time you encounter an invalid case you 'll have to throw a `RuntimeExc...
algorithms
import re class RSUProgram: ID_PATT_BRA = r'[PpRFL)](?:0|[1-9]\d*)|[RFLq()]' WHITE_COMMENTS = r'\s+|//.*?(?:\n|$)|/\*.*?\*/' TOKENIZER = re . compile(r'|' . join( [WHITE_COMMENTS, ID_PATT_BRA, r'.']), flags=re . DOTALL) VALID_TOKEN = re . compile(ID_PATT_BRA) IS_NOT_TOKEN = re ....
RoboScript #5 - The Final Obstacle (Implement RSU)
5a12755832b8b956a9000133
[ "Compilers", "Interpreters", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a12755832b8b956a9000133
1 kyu
A stick is balanced horizontally on a support. Will it topple over or stay balanced? (This is a physics problem: imagine a real wooden stick balanced horizontally on someone's finger or on a narrow table, for example). The stick is represented as a list, where each entry shows the mass in that part of the stick. The...
reference
from math import ceil def will_it_balance(stick, gnd): gravPt = sum(v * i for i, v in enumerate(stick)) / sum(stick) return gnd[int(gravPt)] == gnd[ceil(gravPt)] == 1
Will it balance?
5a8328fefd57777fa3000072
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8328fefd57777fa3000072
6 kyu
In Spanish, the conjugated verb changes by adding suffixes and according to the person we're talking about. There's something similar in English when we talk about "She", "He"or "It" (3rd person singular): With the verb "run": **He / She / It runS** As you can see, the rule (at least with regular verbs) is to add t...
reference
SUFFIXES = {'a': ['o', 'as', 'a', 'amos', 'ais', 'an'], 'e': ['o', 'es', 'e', 'emos', 'eis', 'en'], 'i': ['o', 'es', 'e', 'imos', 'is', 'en']} def conjugate(verb): return {verb: [verb[: - 2] + s for s in SUFFIXES[verb[- 2]]]}
Spanish Conjugator
5a81b78d4a6b344638000183
[ "Strings", "Arrays", "Functional Programming", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a81b78d4a6b344638000183
7 kyu
In [American football](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football#Scoring), scoring can occur in several ways. These scores have different values, which leads to scores that jump up based on the way the team has scored. A team can score in one of the following ways: * Scoring a *touchdown*, which gains **6 point...
algorithms
def score_breakdowns(score): ways = [] for s in range(0, score + 1, 2): for fg in range(0, score - s + 1, 3): for td in range(0, score - s - fg + 1, 6): for tdep in range(0, score - s - fg - td + 1, 7): for tdtp in range(0, score - s - fg - td - tdep + 1, 8): if s + fg + td + tdep + t...
Touchdown?
52a401f1a65172ce8f00008d
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/52a401f1a65172ce8f00008d
4 kyu
A binary tree is a data structure in which every node has at most two children (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_tree). A possible implementation in python of a binary tree is: ```python class Tree(object): def __init__(self, data, left=None, right=None): self.data = data self.left = left self.ri...
reference
def tree_amplitude(node, path=[]): if not node: return max(path) - min(path) if path else 0 left = tree_amplitude(node . left, path + [node . data]) right = tree_amplitude(node . right, path + [node . data]) return max(left, right)
Find amplitude of a binary tree
55eab8c5a15df752cc00002b
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/55eab8c5a15df752cc00002b
6 kyu
Given a string with friends to visit in different states: ``` ad3="John Daggett, 341 King Road, Plymouth MA Alice Ford, 22 East Broadway, Richmond VA Sal Carpenter, 73 6th Street, Boston MA" ``` we want to produce a result that sorts the names by state and lists the name of the state followed by the name of each person...
reference
from collections import defaultdict import re PATTERN = re . compile(r'(.+?), (.+?), (.+?(?= [A-Z]{2})) ([A-Z]{2})') STATES = {"CA": "California", "MA": "Massachusetts", "OK": "Oklahoma", "PA": "Pennsylvania", "VA": "Virginia", "AZ": "Arizona", "ID": ...
Address Book by State
59d0ee709f0cbcf65400003b
[ "Fundamentals", "Strings" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/59d0ee709f0cbcf65400003b
6 kyu
Your task in this kata is to write a function which will take a square matrix and a non-negative integer `n` as inputs and return a matrix raised to the power `n`. Be ready to handle big `n`s. Example: ```python A = [[1, 2], [1, 0]] calc(A, 2) = [[3, 2], [1, 2]] ``` ```haskell calc [ [ 1, 2 ], [ 1, 0 ] ] 2 = [ [ 3, ...
algorithms
def calc(M, n): def mulM(a, b, S=len(M)): return [[sum(a[i][x] * b[x][j] for x in range(S)) for j in range(S)] for i in range(S)] def quick(m, n): if n < 2: return m out = quick(mulM(m, m), n >> 1) if n & 1: out = mulM(out, m) return out return...
Matrix Exponentiation
5791bdba3467db61ff000040
[ "Arrays", "Matrix", "Algorithms", "Logic" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5791bdba3467db61ff000040
6 kyu
Find the longest substring in alphabetical order. Example: the longest alphabetical substring in `"asdfaaaabbbbcttavvfffffdf"` is `"aaaabbbbctt"`. There are tests with strings up to `10 000` characters long so your code will need to be efficient. The input will only consist of lowercase characters and will be at lea...
reference
import re reg = re . compile('a*b*c*d*e*f*g*h*i*j*k*l*m*n*o*p*q*r*s*t*u*v*w*x*y*z*') def longest(s): return max(reg . findall(s), key=len)
Longest alphabetical substring
5a7f58c00025e917f30000f1
[ "Fundamentals", "Strings" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a7f58c00025e917f30000f1
6 kyu
Your task is very simple. Given an input string s, case\_sensitive(s), check whether all letters are lowercase or not. Return True/False and a list of all the entries that are not lowercase in order of their appearance in s. For example, case\_sensitive('codewars') returns [True, []], but case\_sensitive('codeWaRs') r...
reference
def case_sensitive(s): return [s . islower() or not s, [c for c in s if c . isupper()]]
Case-sensitive!
5a805631ba1bb55b0c0000b8
[ "Strings", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a805631ba1bb55b0c0000b8
7 kyu
Your task is very simple. Just write a function that takes an input string of lowercase letters and returns `true`/`false` depending on whether the string is in alphabetical order or not. ### Examples (input -> output) * "kata" -> false ('a' comes after 'k') * "ant" -> true (all characters are in alphabetical order)...
reference
def alphabetic(s): return sorted(s) == list(s)
Alphabetically ordered
5a8059b1fd577709860000f6
[ "Strings", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a8059b1fd577709860000f6
7 kyu
This challenge is an extension of the kata of Codewars: **Missing and Duplicate Number"**, authored by the user **Uraza**. (You may search for it and complete it if you have not done it) In this kata, we have an unsorted sequence of consecutive numbers from ```a``` to ```b```, such that ```a < b``` always (remember ...
reference
from collections import Counter def find_dups_miss(arr): mi, ma, c = min(arr), max(arr), Counter(arr) duplicates = sorted(n for n in c if c[n] > 1) return [ma * (ma + 1) / / 2 - mi * (mi - 1) / / 2 - sum(c), duplicates]
Unknown amount of duplicates. One missing number.
5a5cdb07fd56cbdd3c00005b
[ "Fundamentals", "Mathematics", "Arrays", "Algorithms", "Sorting", "Performance" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a5cdb07fd56cbdd3c00005b
6 kyu
You are given a list of items (characters and/or integers). Find if an item reoccurs after a break of its sequence (see explanation below). In other words: are there any items that reoccur in the list, but separated by one or more different items? A sequence is a continuous "repetition" (1 or more occurence) of the sa...
reference
from itertools import groupby def is_reoccuring(xs): cs = [k for k, _ in groupby(xs)] return len(cs) != len(set(cs))
Is there a sequence re-occuring in the list
5a7e6bd576c0e2f27d00237a
[ "Arrays", "Lists", "Fundamentals", "Performance" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a7e6bd576c0e2f27d00237a
6 kyu
# Definition **_Extra perfect number_** *is the number that* **_first_** and **_last_** *bits* are **_set bits_**. ____ # Task **_Given_** *a positive integer* `N` , **_Return_** the **_extra perfect numbers_** *in range from* `1` to `N` . ____ # Warm-up (Highly recommended) # [Playing With Numbers Series]...
reference
def extra_perfect(n): return list(range(1, n + 1, 2))
Extra Perfect Numbers (Special Numbers Series #7)
5a662a02e626c54e87000123
[ "Fundamentals", "Arrays" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a662a02e626c54e87000123
7 kyu
The goal of this kata is to write a function `tower(base, height, modulus)` that returns `base ** base ** ... ** base`, with `height` occurrences of `base`, modulo `modulus`. (`**` is the power operator in Python, in case this kata gets translated.) As input constraints, we have: ``` 1 <= base < 1e20 0 <= height < 1e2...
refactoring
from math import log def phi(n): r, i = n, 2 while i * i <= n: if n % i == 0: r = r / / i * (i - 1) while n % i == 0: n / /= i i += 1 if n > 1: r = r / / n * (n - 1) return r def _tower(base, h, m): if h < 2 or m == 1: return pow(base, h,...
Power tower modulo m
5a08b22b32b8b96f4700001c
[ "Refactoring" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a08b22b32b8b96f4700001c
2 kyu
# Story Well, here I am stuck in another traffic jam. *<span style='color:orange'>Damn all those courteous people!</span>* Cars are trying to enter the main road from side-streets somewhere ahead of me and people keep letting them cut in. Each time somebody is let in the effect ripples back down the road, so prett...
algorithms
def traffic_jam(road, sides): X = road . index("X") main = list(road[: X + 1]) for i in reversed(range(min(X, len(sides)))): tmp = [] for j in range(1, min(len(main) - i - 1, len(sides[i])) + 1): tmp . append(sides[i][- j]) tmp . append(main[i + j]) main[i + 1: i + len(tmp) / /...
Traffic Jam
5a26073ce1ce0e3c01000023
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a26073ce1ce0e3c01000023
5 kyu
In this kata the function returns an array/list like the one passed to it but with its nth element removed (with `0 <= n <= array/list.length - 1`). The function is already written for you and the basic tests pass, but random tests fail. Your task is to figure out why and fix it. Good luck! ~~~if:javascript Some good...
refactoring
def remove_nth_element(lst, n): lst_copy = lst . copy() del lst_copy[n] return lst_copy
Working with arrays II (and why your code fails in some katas)
5a7b3d08fd5777bf6a000121
[ "Refactoring", "Arrays" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a7b3d08fd5777bf6a000121
7 kyu
Convert Decimal Degrees to Degrees, Minutes, Seconds. Remember: 1 degree = 60 minutes; 1 minute = 60 seconds. Input: Positive number. Output: Array [degrees, minutes, seconds]. E.g [30, 25, 25] Trailing zeroes should be omitted in the output. E.g ``` convert (50) //correct output -> [50] //wrong output -> [50, ...
reference
def convert(i): t = round(i * 3600) d, m, s = t / / 3600, t % 3600 / / 60, t % 60 return [d, m, s] if s else [d, m] if m else [d]
Convert Decimal Degrees to Degrees, Minutes, Seconds
590ac6b9be4dff49b0000042
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/590ac6b9be4dff49b0000042
7 kyu
The description is rather long but it tries to explain what a financing plan is. The fixed monthly payment for a fixed rate mortgage is the amount paid by the borrower every month that ensures that the loan is paid off in full with interest at the end of its term. The monthly payment formula is based on the annuit...
reference
def amort(rate, bal, term, num_payments): monthlyRate = rate / (12 * 100) c = bal * (monthlyRate * (1 + monthlyRate) * * term) / (((1 + monthlyRate) * * term) - 1) newBalance = bal for i in range(num_payments): interest = newBalance * monthlyRate princ = c - interest newBalance = newB...
Financing a purchase
59c68ea2aeb2843e18000109
[ "Fundamentals", "Mathematics" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/59c68ea2aeb2843e18000109
6 kyu
Consider the following expansion: ``` solve("3(ab)") = "ababab" -- because "ab" repeats 3 times solve("2(a3(b))") = "abbbabbb" -- because "a3(b)" == "abbb", which repeats twice. ``` Given a string, return the expansion of that string. Input will consist of only lowercase letters and numbers (1 to 9) in valid par...
algorithms
def solve(s): s1 = s[:: - 1] s2 = '' for i in s1: if i . isalpha(): s2 += i elif i . isdigit(): s2 = s2 * int(i) return s2[:: - 1]
Simple string expansion
5a793fdbfd8c06d07f0000d5
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a793fdbfd8c06d07f0000d5
5 kyu
# Introduction and Warm-up (Highly recommended) # [Playing With Lists/Arrays Series](https://www.codewars.com/collections/playing-with-lists-slash-arrays) ___ # Task **_Given_** an *array/list [] of integers* , **_Find_** **_The maximum difference_** *between the successive elements in its sorted form*. ___ # Note...
reference
def max_gap(numbers): lst = sorted(numbers) return max(b - a for a, b in zip(lst, lst[1:]))
Maximum Gap (Array Series #4)
5a7893ef0025e9eb50000013
[ "Fundamentals", "Arrays" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a7893ef0025e9eb50000013
7 kyu
In graph theory, a graph is a collection of nodes with connections between them. Any node can be connected to any other node exactly once, and can be connected to no nodes, to some nodes, or to every other node. Nodes cannot be connected to themselves A path through a graph is a sequence of nodes, with every node conne...
algorithms
def isTree(matrix): visited_nodes = set([0]) crossed_edges = set() agenda = [0] while agenda: node = agenda . pop() for i in matrix[node]: if (node, i) in crossed_edges: continue if i in visited_nodes: return False agenda . append(i) crossed_edges . ...
Mistaking a forest for a tree
5a752a0b0136a1266c0000b5
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a752a0b0136a1266c0000b5
5 kyu
In this kata the function returns an array/list of numbers without its last element. The function is already written for you and the basic tests pass, but random tests fail. Your task is to figure out why and fix it. Good luck! Hint: watch out for side effects. ~~~if:javascript,coffeescript Some good reading: [MDN ...
refactoring
def without_last(lst): return lst[: - 1]
Working with arrays I (and why your code fails in some katas)
5a4ff3c5fd56cbaf9800003e
[ "Fundamentals", "Arrays", "Refactoring" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a4ff3c5fd56cbaf9800003e
7 kyu
This is harder version of [Square sums (simple)](/kata/square-sums-simple). # Square sums Write function that, given an integer number `N`, returns array of integers `1..N` arranged in a way, so sum of each 2 consecutive numbers is a square. Solution is valid if and only if following two criterias are met: 1. Each nu...
bug_fixes
__import__('sys'). setrecursionlimit(10000) def square_sums(n): squares = [sq * sq for sq in range(2, int((n * 2 - 1) * * .5) + 1)] Graph = {i: [j - i for j in squares if 0 < j - i <= n and j - i != i] for i in range(1, n + 1)} def get_result(G, res, ind): if len(res) == n: ...
Square sums
5a667236145c462103000091
[ "Algorithms", "Mathematics" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a667236145c462103000091
1 kyu
Given two arrays `a1` and `a2` of positive integers find the set of common elements between them and return the elements (a set) that have a sum or difference equal to *either* array length. - All elements will be positive integers greater than 0 - If there are no results an empty set should be returned - Each operati...
reference
def a1_thick_and_hearty(a1, a2): s = set(a1) & set(a2) return set(n for n in s if any(m != n and m in s for m in [len(a1) + n, abs(len(a1) - n), len(a2) + n, abs(len(a2) - n)]))
A1 Thick and Hearty
5a77e4af373c2edf72000085
[ "Lists", "Permutations", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a77e4af373c2edf72000085
6 kyu
The goal of this Kata is to reduce the passed integer to a single digit (if not already) by converting the number to binary, taking the sum of the binary digits, and if that sum is not a single digit then repeat the process. - If the passed integer is already a single digit there is no need to reduce ```if:haskell,py...
reference
def single_digit(n): while n > 9: n = bin(n). count("1") return n
Single digit
5a7778790136a132a00000c1
[ "Binary", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a7778790136a132a00000c1
7 kyu
You are given a function `f` defined on the interval `[0, 1]` such that for some `x_max` in the interval `[0, 1]`, the function `f` is strictly increasing on the interval `[0, x_max]` and strictly decreasing on the interval `[x_max, 1]`. Your job is to determine `x_max` within an distance less than `1e-6` (i.e., `|x_ma...
reference
def max_x(f): tau = (5 * * .5 - 1) / 2 a, b, c, d, coins = 0, 1, 1 - tau, tau, 0 fc, fd = f(c), f(d) for _ in range(28): if fc >= fd: a, b, c, d = a, d, a + (d - a) * (1 - tau), c fc, fd = f(c), fc else: a, b, c, d = c, b, d, c + (b - c) * (tau) fc, fd = fd, f(d) ...
Golden Section Search
5a7671e6373c2e8c3e00008d
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a7671e6373c2e8c3e00008d
6 kyu
There are two main ways to write out a quadratic function, standard form: `f(x) = a(x^2)+bx+c` and vertex form:<br /> `f(x) = a((x-h)^2) + k` (where (h,k) are the coordinates of the vertex of the parabola). # Your Task is to write a function `getVertex` that takes three parameters `a`, `b`, and `c` and returns an array...
algorithms
def getVertex(a, b, c): h = b / (- 2 * a) k = c - (a * h * * 2) return [h, k]
Parabolas: Standard to Vertex Form
5a74d00c0025e979c9000145
[ "Mathematics", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a74d00c0025e979c9000145
7 kyu
When developing a game, it's often useful to be able to control time. We could slow it down when a character dies, or speed it up to make things look flashy, or stop time altogether when the player pauses the game. Let's write an object we can use to simulate time and mess with it as we wish! ## new SimTime() Creates...
algorithms
class SimTime: def __init__(self): self . sim_time = 0 self . real_time = 0 self . speed = 1 def get(self): return self . sim_time def set_speed(self, new_speed): self . speed = new_speed def update(self, current_realtime): assert current_realtime >= self . real_time self . ...
Time Simulation
5858326b994864753d0000d1
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5858326b994864753d0000d1
6 kyu
In recreational mathematics, a [Keith number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_number) or repfigit number (short for repetitive Fibonacci-like digit) is a number in the following integer sequence: `14, 19, 28, 47, 61, 75, 197, 742, 1104, 1537, 2208, 2580, 3684, 4788, 7385, 7647, 7909, ...` (sequence A007629 in the ...
algorithms
def is_keith_number(n): numList = [int(i) for i in str(n)] # int array if len(numList) > 1: # min 2 digits itr = 0 while numList[0] <= n: # replace array entries by its sum: numList[itr % len(numList)] = sum(numList) itr += 1 if n in numList: # keith-condition return itr r...
Keith Numbers
590e4940defcf1751c000009
[ "Algorithms", "Mathematics" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/590e4940defcf1751c000009
6 kyu
##Tabs to spaces! Suppose that in a developer team the agreed standard is to always use spaces for alignment. Somebody from another team with whom they cooperate uses another convention and regularly checks in code containing tabs. Now all the times he changes spaces to tabs or others change his tabs to spaces that wi...
reference
def tab_to_spaces(text): return text . expandtabs(4)
Tabs to spaces
5779474882d7d0a10f000005
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5779474882d7d0a10f000005
7 kyu
A pixmap shall be turned from black to white, turning all pixels to white in the process. But for optical reasons this shall *not* happen linearly, starting at the top and continuing line by line to the bottom: ```haskell for_ [0..height-1] $ \ y -> for_ [0..width-1] $ \ x -> setBit x y ``` ```lambdacalc # pse...
algorithms
def dithering(width, height): size = 1 while width > size or height > size: size *= 2 if size == 1: yield (0, 0) else: for (x, y) in dithering(size / 2, size / 2): for t in ((x, y), (x + size / 2, y + size / 2), (x + size / 2, y), (x, y + size / 2)): if t[0] < width and t[1]...
Dithering
5426006a60d777c556001aad
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5426006a60d777c556001aad
4 kyu
Imagine that we have ATM with multiple currencies. The users can withdraw money of in any currency that the ATM has. Our function must analyze the currency and value of what the users wants, and give money to the user starting from bigger values to smaller. The ATM gives the **least amount of notes** possible. This k...
reference
import re def atm(value): match = re . fullmatch('([A-Z]+) ?(\d+)|(\d+) ?([A-Z]+)', value . upper()) currency = match . group(1) or match . group(4) value = int(match . group(2) or match . group(3)) if currency not in VALUES: return "Sorry, have no {}." . format(currency) if value % V...
ATM money counter
5665a6a07b5afe0aba00003a
[ "Regular Expressions", "Mathematics", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5665a6a07b5afe0aba00003a
6 kyu
If you deposit $100 each year into a bank account with yearly 1% interest rate, how many years will it take you to accumulate minimum $5000? What if the interest is 3% instead? This is the question you will answer in this kata for the interest rates 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6% given a yearly deposit amount and target amount....
algorithms
import math def calculate_retirement(P, FV): rates = {1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0, 5: 0, 6: 0} for i in range(1, 7): r = i / 100 rates[i] = math . ceil(math . log( 1 + (FV * r) / (P * r + P)) / math . log(1 + r)) return rates
Save for retirement
58177df1e7f457b89d000327
[ "Mathematics", "Algorithms", "Logic" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/58177df1e7f457b89d000327
7 kyu
# Password Check - Binary to String A wealthy client has forgotten the password to his business website, but he has a list of possible passwords. His previous developer has left a file on the server with the name password.txt. You open the file and realize it's in binary format. Write a script that takes an array of ...
reference
def decode_pass(pass_list, bits): s = "" . join(chr(int(x, 2)) for x in bits . split()) return s if s in pass_list else False
Password Check - Binary to String
5a731b36e19d14400f000c19
[ "Binary", "Strings", "Arrays", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a731b36e19d14400f000c19
7 kyu
Convert DD (decimal degrees) position to DMS (degrees, minutes, seconds). ##### Inputs: `dd_lat` and `dd_lon` 2 floats representing the latitude and the longitude in degree -i.e. 2 floats included in [-90, 90] and [-180, 180]. Note that latitude 0 is north, longitude 0 is east. ##### Outputs: A tuple of DMS latitudes...
reference
from math import modf def dms(number: float, cardinal_dirs: str) - > str: rem, D = modf(abs(number)) rem, M = modf(rem * 60) S = rem * 60 return f' { D : 03.0 f } * { M : 02.0 f } \' { S : 06.3 f } " { cardinal_dirs [ number < 0 ]} ' def convert_to_dms(latitude: str, longitude: str) - > tu...
GPS coordinate conversions - DD to DMS
5a72fd224a6b3463b00000a0
[ "Strings", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a72fd224a6b3463b00000a0
7 kyu
`This kata is the first of the ADFGX Ciphers, the harder version can be found `<a href='https://www.codewars.com/kata/adfgx-un-simplified/python' target='_blank'>here</a>. The <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADFGVX_cipher' target='_blank'>ADFGX Cipher</a> is a pretty well-known Cryptographic tool, and is essent...
reference
from itertools import product import re KEY = [a + b for a, b in product("ADFGX", repeat=2)] def adfgx_encrypt(plaintext, square): d = dict(zip(square, KEY)) oddity = d['i'] if 'i' in d else d['j'] return '' . join(d . get(c, oddity) for c in plaintext) def adfgx_decrypt(ciphertext, square)...
ADFGX Simplified
57f171f618e9fa58ef000083
[ "Cryptography", "Algorithms", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/57f171f618e9fa58ef000083
6 kyu
In this Kata, we are going to reverse a string while maintaining the spaces (if any) in their original place. For example: ``` solve("our code") = "edo cruo" -- Normal reversal without spaces is "edocruo". -- However, there is a space at index 3, so the string becomes "edo cruo" solve("your code rocks") = "skco redo...
algorithms
def solve(s): it = reversed(s . replace(' ', '')) return '' . join(c if c == ' ' else next(it) for c in s)
Simple string reversal
5a71939d373c2e634200008e
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a71939d373c2e634200008e
7 kyu
This is a classic needing (almost) no further introduction. Given a N x N chess board, place N queens on it so none can attack another: I.e. no other queens can be found horizontally, vertically or diagonally to the current. On the board below, no further queens can be positioned. <pre style="font-family:courier">+-...
algorithms
def nQueen(n): if n == 2 or n == 3: return [] r, odds, evens = n % 6, list(range(1, n, 2)), list(range(0, n, 2)) if r == 2: evens[: 2] = evens[: 2][:: - 1] evens . append(evens . pop(2)) if r == 3: odds . append(odds . pop(0)) evens . extend(evens[: 2]) del evens[: ...
N queens problem (with no mandatory queen position)
52cdc1b015db27c484000031
[ "Performance", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/52cdc1b015db27c484000031
4 kyu
Description: Before smartphones and blackberry's without a qwerty keyboard, and prior to the development of T9 (predictive text entry) systems, the method to type words was called "multi-tap" and involved pressing a button repeatedly to cycle through the possible values. ------- ------- ------- | | | ABC...
reference
from itertools import groupby from operator import itemgetter _LAYOUT = (' 0', '1', 'ABC2', 'DEF3', 'GHI4', 'JKL5', 'MNO6', 'PQRS7', 'TUV8', 'WXYZ9') _KEYMAP = {c: str(i) * j for i, key in enumerate(_LAYOUT) for j, c in enumerate(key, 1)} def sequence(phrase): presses = (_KEYMAP . g...
Dumbphone Keypads
5680e56f4797a55076000044
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5680e56f4797a55076000044
6 kyu
We define the sequence ```SF``` in the following way in terms of four previous sequences: ```S1```, ```S2```, ```S3``` and ```ST``` <a href="http://imgur.com/kCiwfWT"><img src="http://i.imgur.com/kCiwfWT.jpg?1" title="source: imgur.com" /></a> We are interested in collecting the terms of SF that are multiple of ten. ...
reference
def find_mult10_SF(n): return 16 * * n * (81 * * n + 9) / / 24
Multiples of Ten in a Sequence Which Values Climb Up
561d54055e399e2f62000045
[ "Fundamentals", "Algorithms", "Mathematics", "Data Structures", "Sorting", "Memoization" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/561d54055e399e2f62000045
6 kyu
Given a number N, can you fabricate the two numbers NE and NO such that NE is formed by even digits of N and NO is formed by odd digits of N? Examples: | input | NE | NO | |:------:|:----:|:---:| | 126453 | 264 | 153 | | 3012 | 2 | 31 | | 4628 | 4628 | 0 | `0` is considered as an even number. In C an...
reference
def even_and_odd(n): ne = "" no = "" for x in str(n): if int(x) % 2 == 0: ne += x else: no += x if len(ne) == 0: ne = "0" if len(no) == 0: no = "0" return (int(ne), int(no))
Even and Odd !
594adadee075005308000122
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/594adadee075005308000122
7 kyu
# Background <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/There_Was_an_Old_Lady_Who_Swallowed_a_Fly">There was an Old Lady who Swallowed a Fly</a> <pre style='color:orange'> There was an old lady who swallowed a <span style="color:red;background:black">fly</span>; I don't know why she swallowed a fly - perhaps she'll die...
algorithms
def old_lady_swallows(animals: list) - > list: ord_an = [None, 'fly', 'spider', 'bird', 'cat', 'dog', 'goat', 'cow', 'horse', None] res = [] for a in animals: ind_a = ord_an . index(a) res = [x for x in res if x != ord_an[ind_a - 1]] if ord_an[ind_a + 1] not in res: r...
There was an Old Lady who Swallowed a Fly
5a68ffe3e626c5e85700002d
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a68ffe3e626c5e85700002d
6 kyu
The task is simply stated. Given an integer <code>n</code> (<code>3 < n < 10<sup>9</sup></code>), find the length of the smallest list of [*perfect squares*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_number) which add up to <code>n</code>. Come up with the best algorithm you can; you'll need it! <strong>Examples:</strong> ...
algorithms
def one_square(n): return round(n * * .5) * * 2 == n def two_squares(n): while n % 2 == 0: n / /= 2 p = 3 while p * p <= n: while n % (p * p) == 0: n / /= p * p while n % p == 0: if p % 4 == 3: return False n / /= p p += 2 return n % 4 == 1 def three_s...
Sums of Perfect Squares
5a3af5b1ee1aaeabfe000084
[ "Algorithms", "Mathematics" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a3af5b1ee1aaeabfe000084
4 kyu
### Introduction and Warm-up (Highly recommended) ### [Playing With Lists/Arrays Series](https://www.codewars.com/collections/playing-with-lists-slash-arrays) ___ ## Task **_Given_** an *array/list [] of integers* , **_Find the product of the k maximal_** numbers. ___ ### Notes * **_Array/list_** size is *at leas...
reference
from functools import reduce from operator import mul from heapq import nlargest def maxProduct(lst, n): return reduce(mul, nlargest(n, lst))
Product Of Maximums Of Array (Array Series #2)
5a63948acadebff56f000018
[ "Fundamentals", "Arrays" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a63948acadebff56f000018
7 kyu
Additive number is a string whose digits can form an additive sequence. Except for the first two numbers, each subsequent number in the sequence must be the sum of the preceding two. For example:<br/> ```"112358"``` is an additive number because the digits can form an additive sequence: ```1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8``` ```1 +...
algorithms
def find_additive_numbers(num): for k in range(2, len(num)): for j in range(1, k): if k - j > 1 and num[j] == '0': continue a, b = j, k out = [num[: a], num[a: b]] while b < len(num): x = int(out[- 2]) + int(out[- 1]) a, b = b, b + len(str(x)) y = int(num[a: b]) ...
Additive Numbers
5693239fb761dc8670000001
[ "Parsing", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5693239fb761dc8670000001
5 kyu
>When no more interesting kata can be resolved, I just choose to create the new kata, to solve their own, to enjoy the process --myjinxin2015 said # Description: What's a reversible prime? That is: A prime, reverse all the digits, get a new number. If the new number is also a prime, then it is a reversible prime . ...
algorithms
from gmpy2 import is_prime, next_prime def gen(): prime = 0 while True: prime = next_prime(prime) if is_prime(int(str(prime)[:: - 1])): yield prime primes, result = gen(), [] def reversible_prime(n): while len(result) <= n: result . append(next(primes)) return re...
n-th reversible prime
5826c14622be6ef2a4000033
[ "Puzzles", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5826c14622be6ef2a4000033
6 kyu
### Please also check out other katas in [Domino Tiling series](https://www.codewars.com/collections/5d19554d13dba80026a74ff5)! --- # Task A domino is a rectangular block with `2` units wide and `1` unit high. A domino can be placed on a grid in two ways: horizontal or vertical. ``` ## or # # ``` You have in...
games
def two_by_n(n, k): s = [1, k, 2 * k * (k - 1)] for _ in range(2, n): s . append((k - 2) * s[- 1] + (k - 1) * (k - 1) * s[- 2]) return s[n] % 12345787
Domino Tiling - 2 x N Board
5a59e029145c46eaac000062
[ "Mathematics", "Algorithms", "Dynamic Programming", "Puzzles" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a59e029145c46eaac000062
4 kyu
# Disclaimer This Kata is an insane step-up from [GiacomoSorbi's Kata](https://www.codewars.com/kata/total-increasing-or-decreasing-numbers-up-to-a-power-of-10/python), so I recommend to solve it first before trying this one. # Problem Description A positive integer `n` is called an *increasing number* if its digits...
games
from math import comb def insane_inc_or_dec(max_digits): ''' Derivation summerized: Counting the number of increasing (or decreasing) numbers with d digits is equivalent to counting the number of ways to put d "balls" in 9 (or 10) boxes representing each digit, e.g. for decreasing numbers: | |oo| |o...
Insane Increasing or Decreasing Numbers
5993e6f701726f0998000030
[ "Algorithms", "Mathematics", "Puzzles", "Performance" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5993e6f701726f0998000030
4 kyu
Get the list of integers for 'totalAuthored' and 'totalCompleted' of the ```n```th ranker at Codewars Leaderboard. ```(1 <= n <= 500)``` See Example Test Cases for the expected data format. (Note 1 : Mind the title of this kata as well as [https://dev.codewars.com/](https://dev.codewars.com/) ) (Note 2 : It is re...
reference
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import requests req = requests . get("https://www.codewars.com/users/leaderboard"). content bs = BeautifulSoup(req, "html.parser") tr = [x . attrs["data-username"] for x in bs . find_all(lambda x: "data-username" in x . attrs)] def get_codeChallenges(n): req = requests...
Codewars API
5a6b80cb880385a8f7000089
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6b80cb880385a8f7000089
5 kyu
In this Kata you will rotate a binary tree. You need to implement two methods to rotate a binary tree: one to rotate it to the **left** and one to rotate it to the **right**. If rotation is impossible, return the tree unchanged. ```if:javascript, You need not always ( though you may ) return a _new_ tree ( or entirel...
algorithms
def rotate_right(tree): if tree . left is not None: new_right = tree tree = tree . left new_right . left = tree . right tree . right = new_right return tree def rotate_left(tree): if tree . right is not None: new_left = tree tree = tree . right new_left . right = tree . left ...
The Binary Tree, or There and Back Again
5a6de0ec0136a1761d000093
[ "Algorithms", "Data Structures", "Trees" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6de0ec0136a1761d000093
6 kyu
This is related to <a href="https://www.codewars.com/kata/cat-years-dog-years">my other Kata</a> about cats and dogs. # Kata Task I have a cat and a dog which I got as kitten / puppy. I forget when that was, but I do know their current ages as `catYears` and `dogYears`. Find how long I have owned each of my pets an...
reference
def owned_cat_and_dog(cy, dy): cat = 0 if cy < 15 else 1 if cy < 24 else 2 + (cy - 24) / / 4 dog = 0 if dy < 15 else 1 if dy < 24 else 2 + (dy - 24) / / 5 return [cat, dog]
Cat Years, Dog Years (2)
5a6d3bd238f80014a2000187
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6d3bd238f80014a2000187
7 kyu
We are introducing a new variant of the popular game [Codenames](https://czechgames.com/en/codenames/) for two players. We are looking at a board of 5x5 words. Players try to guess the words of the other team but without guessing one of their own words. Your job is to create a board for two players. Therefore, you as...
algorithms
from random import sample def player_matrixes(R=7, B=7): res = sample('R' * R + 'B' * B + '-' * (25 - R - B), k=25) red_matrix = [[res[5 * x + y] if res[5 * x + y] != 'B' else '-' for y in range(5)] for x in range(5)] blue_matrix = [[res[5 * x + y] if res[5 * x + y] != ...
Codenames - matrix conversions
5a6ccef6b17101c74900004e
[ "Matrix", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6ccef6b17101c74900004e
6 kyu
As you see in Example test cases, the os running this service is ```posix```. Return the output by executing the command given as the string on posix os. See the example test cases for the expected data format.
reference
import os def get_output(s): return os . popen(s). read()
Posix command
5a6986abe626c5d3e9000063
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6986abe626c5d3e9000063
7 kyu
This is simple version of harder [Square Sums](/kata/square-sums). # Square sums Write function `square_sums_row` ( or `squareSumsRow` or `SquareSumsRow` ) that, given integer number `N` (in range `2..43`), returns array of integers `1..N` arranged in a way, so sum of each 2 consecutive numbers is a square. Solution...
algorithms
def square_sums_row(n): def dfs(): if not inp: yield res for v in tuple(inp): if not res or not ((res[- 1] + v) * * .5 % 1): res . append(v) inp . discard(v) yield from dfs() inp . add(res . pop()) inp, res = set(range(1, n + 1)), [] return next(dfs(), Fals...
Square sums (simple)
5a6b24d4e626c59d5b000066
[ "Algorithms", "Mathematics" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6b24d4e626c59d5b000066
5 kyu
Your task is to define a function that understands basic mathematical expressions and solves them. For example: ```python calculate("1 + 1") # => 2 calculate("18 + 4*6") # => 42 calculate("245 - 826") # => -581 calculate("09 + 000482") # => 491 calculate("8 / 4 + 6") # => 8 calculate("5 + 1 / 5") ...
algorithms
import re def calculate(input): try: return eval(re . sub(r'(\d+)', lambda m: str(int(m . group(1))), input)) except: return False
Calculate the expression
582b3b085ad95285c4000013
[ "Mathematics", "Strings", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/582b3b085ad95285c4000013
5 kyu
This function will take in a list of strings and put them into a hashmap. A hashmap is a quick way to store and lookup items you might need based on the 'hash' of the item (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table). In this example, we're going to create hashes based on the sum of the characters. Each charater has a de...
reference
from functools import reduce from collections import defaultdict def my_hash_map(list_of_strings): return reduce(lambda h, s: h[sum(map(ord, s))]. append(s) or h, list_of_strings, defaultdict(list))
Make Your Own Hashmap
5a6a02adcadebf618400002b
[ "Strings", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6a02adcadebf618400002b
7 kyu
Your job is to write a function that takes a string and a maximum number of characters per line and then inserts line breaks as necessary so that no line in the resulting string is longer than the specified limit. If possible, line breaks should not split words. However, if a single word is longer than the limit, it o...
algorithms
def word_wrap(text, limit): st = iter(text . split()) cur = next(st, None) res = [''] while cur: if len(res[- 1]) + len(cur) + (res[- 1] != '') <= limit: res[- 1] += ' ' * (res[- 1] != '') + cur cur = next(st, None) elif len(cur) > limit and limit - len(res[- 1]) - 1 > 0: ...
Word Wrap
55fd8b5e61d47237810000d9
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/55fd8b5e61d47237810000d9
5 kyu
Consider a sequence generation that follows the following steps. We will store removed values in variable `res`. Assume `n = 25`: ```Haskell -> [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] Let's remove the first number => res = [1]. We get.. -> [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21...
algorithms
def solve(n): zoznam = [int(i) for i in range(2, n + 1)] res = [1] while zoznam != []: res . append(zoznam[0]) del zoznam[0:: zoznam[0]] return sum(res)
Array reduction
5a6761be145c4691ee000090
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6761be145c4691ee000090
6 kyu
In this Kata, you will check if it is possible to convert a string to a palindrome by changing one character. For instance: ```Haskell solve ("abbx") = True, because we can convert 'x' to 'a' and get a palindrome. solve ("abba") = False, because we cannot get a palindrome by changing any character. solve ("abcba") ...
algorithms
def solve(s): v = sum(s[i] != s[- 1 - i] for i in range((len(s)) / / 2)) return v == 1 or not v and len(s) % 2
Single character palindromes II
5a66ea69e6be38219f000110
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a66ea69e6be38219f000110
7 kyu
Following on from [Points of Reflection](https://www.codewars.com/kata/points-of-reflection), given a number of points and a single midpoint, a 2D shape can be inferred. *Task:* You will be given two inputs. The first will be a two-dimensional sequence in which the inner sequences contain two elements representing pa...
algorithms
def symmetric_shape(shape, q): return shape + list(map(lambda x: (2 * q[0] - x[0], 2 * q[1] - x[1]), shape))
Shape Symmetry
57c13e724677bbc5fc000a0b
[ "Mathematics", "Geometry", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/57c13e724677bbc5fc000a0b
7 kyu
Carpe Diem! Yolo! On Fleek? Crushing it. You've got some awesome phrases that you want to hang up on your wall. The problem is that you don't have any frames laying around. So instead, you decide to write a program to create your frame. Write a function called `frame` that will take two parameters as input: a phras...
reference
def frame(phr='', ch='*'): l = len(phr) + 4 line = ch * l middle = ch + ' ' * (l - 2) + ch return line + '\n' + middle + '\n' + ((ch + ' ' + phr + ' ' + ch + '\n') if phr else '') + middle + '\n' + line
Rithm Series: Frame a Phrase Simple
5867d76b36959fa4a400034e
[ "Fundamentals", "ASCII Art" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5867d76b36959fa4a400034e
7 kyu
Get n seconds before the target time. See Example Test Cases about the format.
reference
from datetime import * def seconds_ago(s, n): return str(datetime . strptime(s, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - timedelta(seconds=n))
N seconds ago
5a631508e626c5f127000055
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a631508e626c5f127000055
7 kyu
<p>A rectangle can be split up into a grid of 1x1 squares, the amount of which being equal to the product of the two dimensions of the rectangle. Depending on the size of the rectangle, that grid of 1x1 squares can also be split up into larger squares, for example a 3x2 rectangle has a total of 8 squares, as there are ...
algorithms
def findSquares(x, y): return sum((x - i) * (y - i) for i in range(y))
Squares in a Rectangle
5a62da60d39ec5d947000093
[ "Mathematics", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a62da60d39ec5d947000093
6 kyu
## Task: * Complete the pattern using the following set of characters: `■`,` `, `◥`, `◤`, `◣`, `◢` * In this kata, we need draw a Heart. ## Rules: - parameter `n` The width of heart, an even number, n>=6, the heart's height increases with n, look at example. - return a string, `■ ◥◤◣◢` represents th...
games
def draw(n): shape = ['◢' + (n / / 2 - 2) * '■' + '◣◢' + (n / / 2 - 2) * '■' + '◣'] shape . extend(n / / 6 * ['■' * n]) shape . extend(['◥' + i * 2 * '■' + '◤' for i in range(n / / 2 - 1, - 1, - 1)]) return '\n' . join(row . center(n, ' ') for row in shape)
■□ Pattern □■ : Heart
56e8d06029035a0c7c001d85
[ "ASCII Art" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/56e8d06029035a0c7c001d85
6 kyu
Given three arrays of integers, return the sum of elements that are common in all three arrays. For example: ``` common([1,2,3],[5,3,2],[7,3,2]) = 5 because 2 & 3 are common in all 3 arrays common([1,2,2,3],[5,3,2,2],[7,3,2,2]) = 7 because 2,2 & 3 are common in the 3 arrays ``` More examples in the test cases. Go...
algorithms
from collections import Counter def common(a, b, c): return sum((Counter(a) & Counter(b) & Counter(c)). elements())
Common array elements
5a6225e5d8e145b540000127
[ "Arrays", "Performance", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a6225e5d8e145b540000127
6 kyu
### Task You will be given a string of English digits "stuck" together, like this: `"zeronineoneoneeighttwoseventhreesixfourtwofive"` Your task is to split the string into separate digits: `"zero nine one one eight two seven three six four two five"` ### Examples ``` "three" --> "three" "eightsix" ...
reference
import re def uncollapse(digits): return ' ' . join(re . findall('zero|one|two|three|four|five|six|seven|eight|nine', digits))
Uncollapse Digits
5a626fc7fd56cb63c300008c
[ "Regular Expressions", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a626fc7fd56cb63c300008c
6 kyu
In this kata we are focusing on the Numpy python package. You must write a function called `looper` which takes three integers `start, stop and number` as input and returns a list from `start` to `stop` with `number` total values in the list. Five examples are shown below: ``` looper(1, 5, 1) = [1.0] looper(1, 5, 2) ...
games
from numpy import linspace def looper(start, stop, number): return list(linspace(start, stop, number))
Looper
5a35f08b9e5f4923790010dc
[ "NumPy", "Puzzles" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a35f08b9e5f4923790010dc
7 kyu
FizzBuzz is often one of the first programming puzzles people learn. Now undo it with reverse FizzBuzz! Write a function that accepts a string, which will always be a valid section of FizzBuzz. Your function must return an array that contains the numbers in order to generate the given section of FizzBuzz. Notes: - If...
games
def reverse_fizzbuzz(s): if s == 'Fizz': return [3] if s == 'Buzz': return [5] if s == 'Fizz Buzz': return [9, 10] if s == 'Buzz Fizz': return [5, 6] if s == 'FizzBuzz': return [15] s = s . split() for i in range(len(s)): if s[i]. isdi...
Reverse FizzBuzz
5a622f5f85bef7a9e90009e2
[ "Puzzles" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a622f5f85bef7a9e90009e2
6 kyu
Given an array of ints, return the index such that the sum of the elements to the right of that index equals the sum of the elements to the left of that index. If there is no such index, return `-1`. If there is more than one such index, return the left-most index. For example: ``` peak([1,2,3,5,3,2,1]) = 3, because ...
algorithms
def peak(arr): for i, val in enumerate(arr): if sum(arr[: i]) == sum(arr[i + 1:]): return i return - 1
Peak array index
5a61a846cadebf9738000076
[ "Arrays", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a61a846cadebf9738000076
7 kyu
You are trying to cross a river by jumping along stones. Every time you land on a stone, you hop forwards by the value of that stone. If you skip *over* a stone then its value doesn't affect you in any way. Eg: ``` x--x-----x--> [1][2][5][1] ``` Of course, crossing from the other side might give you a different ans...
reference
def hop_across(lst): def one_side(lst): i = 0 steps = 0 while i < len(lst): i += lst[i] steps += 1 return steps return one_side(lst) + one_side(lst[:: - 1])
Hop Across
5a60d519400f93fc450032e5
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a60d519400f93fc450032e5
7 kyu
Consider an array containing cats and dogs. Each dog can catch only one cat, but cannot catch a cat that is more than `n` elements away. Your task will be to return the maximum number of cats that can be caught. For example: ```Haskell solve(['D','C','C','D','C'], 2) = 2, because the dog at index 0 (D0) catches C1 and...
algorithms
def solve(arr, reach): dogs, nCats = {i for i, x in enumerate(arr) if x == 'D'}, 0 for i, c in enumerate(arr): if c == 'C': catchingDog = next( (i + id for id in range(- reach, reach + 1) if i + id in dogs), None) if catchingDog is not None: nCats += 1 dogs . remove(catchingD...
Arrays of cats and dogs
5a5f48f2880385daac00006c
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a5f48f2880385daac00006c
6 kyu
Write a function that returns an array with each element representing one bit of a 32 bit integer in such a way that if printed it would appear as the binary representation of the integer (Least Significant Bit on the right). e.g. 1 = 00000000000000000000000000000001 Assign either a 1 or a 0 to the array element dep...
algorithms
def showBits(n): return list(map(int, '{:032b}' . format(n if n >= 0 else 2 * * 32 + n)))
Binary Representation of an Integer
5a5f3034cadebf76db000023
[ "Binary", "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5a5f3034cadebf76db000023
7 kyu
Simple transposition is a basic and simple cryptography technique. We make 2 rows and put first a letter in the Row 1, the second in the Row 2, third in Row 1 and so on until the end. Then we put the text from Row 2 next to the Row 1 text and thats it. Complete the function that receives a string and encrypt it with t...
reference
def simple_transposition(text): return text[:: 2] + text[1:: 2]
Simple transposition
57a153e872292d7c030009d4
[ "Algorithms", "Cryptography", "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/57a153e872292d7c030009d4
6 kyu
I often send "bit letter" to my colleagues to talk about our boss or what do we have for dinner. A bit letter takes 1 char, just like ASCII, but there are some "parameters" in upper 3 bits to describe it. ``` 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 [punctuation] [capital] [letter index] ``` ###### [punctuation]...
reference
def bit_letter(n): def code(n): x, i = divmod(n, 32) p, c = divmod(x, 2) return ' ' * (p == 1) + chr(97 + i - c * 32) + ',.' [p - 2] * (p > 1) return '' . join(code(i) for i in n)
Bit Letters
580f5818a88b4a5b2500061d
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/580f5818a88b4a5b2500061d
6 kyu
Every positive integer can be written as a sum of [Fibonacci numbers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_number). For example `10 = 8 + 2` _or_ `5 + 3 + 2` _or_ `3 + 3 + 2 + 2`. Apparently, this representation is not unique. It becomes unique, if we rule out *consecutive* Fibonacci numbers: this is [Zeckendorf's ...
reference
def Zeckendorf_rep(n): if n >= 0: fibs, res = [1, 2], [] while fibs[- 1] < n: fibs . append(sum(fibs[- 2:])) while n > 0: x = fibs . pop() if x <= n: res . append(x) n -= x return res
Zeckendorf representation
555b605a76962690ea0000c8
[ "Fundamentals" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/555b605a76962690ea0000c8
6 kyu
# Let's watch a parade! ## Brief You're going to watch a parade, but you only care about one of the groups marching. The parade passes through the street where your house is. Your house is at number `location` of the street. Write a function `parade_time` that will tell you the times when you need to appear to see all ...
algorithms
def parade_time(groups, location, speed, pref): return [c / / speed for c, p in enumerate(groups, 1 + location) if p == pref]
Time to Watch a Parade!
560d41fd7e0b946ac700011c
[ "Algorithms" ]
https://www.codewars.com/kata/560d41fd7e0b946ac700011c
7 kyu