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Tsc is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by the inactivation of either of 2 tumor suppressor genes, hamartin (tsc1) or tuberin (tsc2). In the normal state, the hamartin - tuberin complex activates the protein ras homolog enriched in brain (rheb), which inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor). If a tsc mutatio...
Toe gripping is defined as a complex motion that involves several muscles, similar to hand gripping . The muscles involved in the foot include the flexor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis longus, lumbrical, flexor brevis, and flexor longus1 . The position in which toe grip strength is measured has been standardized; the...
Fractures have a high incidence rate in traffic accidents and are one of the three most important complications during accidents (1). Each year millions of people all over the world suffer from bone fractures, the complications of which threaten the patients health for several years (2, 3). One of the most important me...
Dermatosis neglecta is a condition secondary to lack of cleanliness, characterized by the formation of hyperkeratotic plaques located in a specific region of the body, usually due to a psychiatric condition, physical disability or neurological deficit . It is considered a diagnostic challenge because it can mimic other...
Polymorphous low - grade adenocarcinoma (plga) has been known as a comparatively less aggressive malignant tumor that predominantly occurs in the minor salivary glands . It has been reported to occur rarely in the palate and the prognosis of this lesion is far better than adenocarcinoma as the regional metastasis would...
One of the most common complaints of the gait disorders in infants and children is an intoeing gait, which is caused by excessive anteversion of the proximal femur, internal tibial torsion, and/or metatarsal adductus [15]. A careful evaluation of the children is essential to rule out serious pathological conditions suc...
Epicardial fat directly surrounding the major epicardial coronary arteries is a rich source of free fatty acids and numerous bioactive adipocytokines that play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis . Recently, due to advances in temporal and spatial resolution, multidetector computed tomography (mdct) h...
Escs have the potential to be induced to differentiate into almost any cell type of an embryo or adult tissue 1 presenting great therapeutic promise in regenerative medicine 2, 3 . To derive appropriate cell types for clinical use it is necessary to understand how pluripotency gene networks function in vivo . The regul...
Nhanes is a cross - sectional survey of the health and nutrition of the noninstitutionalized, household - dwelling u.s . Population conducted by the national center for health statistics and by the centers for disease control and prevention (10,11). The survey consists of two components: the in - home interview and the...
Mature cystic teratomas (mct; also called dermoid cysts) account for about 30 - 45% of all ovarian neoplasms and around 60% of all benign tumors arising in the ovary with a 0.17 - 1.4% reported incidence of malignant transformation . Squamous cell carcinoma in mcts is most commonly seen in postmenopausal women . There ...
We present an unusual case in which a patient presented to our hand surgery service 15 days after injury, and reconstruction was performed with reposition + flap, with good functional and cosmetic outcomes . A 55-year - old woman presented to an outside facility after amputation of the distal phalanx of the ring finger...
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (uhb) is common and is associated with a variety of physiologic and pathologic conditions . This occurs as a result of excessive bilirubin formation and because the neonatal liver cannot clear bilirubin rapidly enough from the blood . Greater awareness is needed among all health workers ...
Gypsies and travellers are recognized as one of the most disadvantaged minority groups in the united kingdom and globally . Research into the health needs of this group is an emerging field, and gypsies and travellers could justly be described as an invisible minority1 in being rarely captured in health statistics, una...
Parkinson's disease (pd) is an age - related neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of dopaminergic (da) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (snpc). In patients, this depletion of neurons presents clinically with severe motor symptoms including uncontrollable resting tremor, bradikinesia, rigidity an...
Neutrinoless double - beta decay (0\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\nu \beta \beta $$\end{document}) is a process that vio...
Since the introduction of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in 1995 by ratner et al.,1 the procedure has gained in popularity because of the high graft quality and the inherent advantages of laparoscopic surgery (e.g., decreased postoperative pain, decreased length of hospital stay, early recovery and return to work, and ...
Diabetic retinopathy (dr) is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus (dm). With the improvement of people's living standards, patients who suffer from diabetes for a long time likely experience chronic vascular injury caused by high blood sugar levels; these patients are also at risk of dr...
M. solifugus rainierensis are annelid worms belonging to the family enchytraeidae (clitellata: annelida). Ice worms are typically found on pacific coastal glaciers in north america between oregon and alaska, but a related species has also been reported in tibet . Ice worms are the largest glacially obligate metazoan th...
A 36-year - old woman with no history of any trauma exhibited a palpable mass on the volar ulnar aspect of her left middle finger at the level of the distal interphalangeal joint for a year . Physical examination revealed a 11.5-cm hard, non - tender, non - movable mass . Plain radiographs of the finger revealed a calc...
Nowadays, following development of bearing system of hip arthroplasty, various combinations of metal, polyethylene and ceramic articulation are using as an alternative bearing . Each bearing system has their pros and cons, so not only metal on polyethlene (mop) bearing but also ceramic on ceramic (coc) or ceramic on po...
Capable staff and an efficient system are essential requirements in order to provide an acceptable level of health services in a community . Therefore, there are special quality assurance schemes in place to assess the excellence of education in medical sciences fields in most of developed countries . For such an asses...
Polo - like kinase 1 (plk1) is the most well - studied member of the polo - like family of kinases and is most commonly known for its regulatory role during mitosis, where it has been shown to be a critical component of centrosome maturation, kinetochore microtubule attachment, bipolar spindle formation, and cytokinesi...
Different studies in animal models have demonstrated that the combination of vrb and cape has a synergistic activity against breast cancer cells, due to their different mechanism of action . These results have been subsequently confirmed in numerous studies conducted in metastatic breast cancer patients, heavily pretre...
Laugier - hunziker syndrome (lhs) is a benign pigmentary condition characterized by hyperpigmented mucocutaneous macules progressively arising during adulthood . The asymptomatic melanotic macules most commonly involve the lips, oral mucosa, and acral surfaces, with occasional nail involvement . While lhs is a rare dis...
The discovery of the green fluorescent protein (gfp) and its ensuing applications as a genetically encoded fluorescent label have significantly advanced our understanding of the complex biochemical processes in living systems . Mutations of wtgfp and similar fluorescent and chromoproteins gave rise to a palette of biom...
An infected thoracic aortic aneurysm (itaa) is a relatively rare disease, and its incidence has been reported to comprise about 1% of all aneurysms . Patients with itaa have a high incidence of aneurismal rupture due to the abrupt growth of the aneurysm . Therefore, itaa is associated with both high morbidity and morta...
The recent studies in china and india has shown that the number of diabetic individuals has surpassed the estimate of idf-2009 i.e., approximately 285 million people worldwide will have diabetes in 2010 and by 2030, 438 million people of adult population is expected to have diabetes with majority of effected population...
Percutaneous liver biopsy is the most specific test currently available to assess the nature and severity of liver disease, and ultrasound guidance has allowed this technique to be performed routinely and safely in the outpatient setting . Because of its invasive nature, pain is considered the most common complication,...
Stroke has become the leading cause of death in the people s republic of china1 and the second most common cause of death worldwide.2 cardiac autonomic dysfunction is common after stroke, which is correlated with unfavorable outcome.3,4 as an electrophysiological method, heart rate variability (hrv) has been used to as...
Urinary catheterization is a common procedure, particularly among patients with neurogenic bladder secondary to spinal cord injury (sci). The specific bladder dysfunction related to sci depends on both the level of cord injury and the duration of time passed since the original injury . Patients with hyperactive and fla...
Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of malignant gastric neoplasm (95%) but gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gists) have relatively appeared rare (1%) [1 - 4]. Gists and adenocarcinoma are distinct malignancies originating from different cell layers and the simultaneous development of a gist and gastric adenocarcino...
Ischemic heart disease and stroke are leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide . As a result of improved survival and the lifelong aspect of these diseases, health - related quality of life (hrqol), including physical and mental functioning, has become an increasingly important clinical and research outcome...
Withdrawal treatment (often referred to as detoxification) is a common treatment practice in heroin - dependent patients attempting to quit heroin use and in order to facilitate entry into psychosocial treatment . Intuitively, retention during inpatient detoxification is likely to be of great value in order to initiate...
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease, characterized by recurrent wheezing, and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide . Most infants who experience wheezing episodes also exhibit evidence of an ongoing viral respiratory infection . The viral agents respiratory syncytial virus (rs...
Peripheral blood collection and cd14 cell isolation - peripheral blood was obtained from healthy volunteers after providing informed written consent according to the ethical research committee or israel institute of education and research (105/02). Mononuclear cells were purified from the peripheral blood using density...
Lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) is a gram positive lactic acid bacterium that is part of the commensal microflora in humans . It is generally regarded as safe and has been used extensively in food products and health supplements . Meta - analysis of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and early infancy indicate...
Squamous cell carcinoma may arise from dysplastic epithelium or may be entirely independent of it . In the indian population, field cancerization (slaughters theory) is found to be extremely prevalent, thereby throwing up fresh challenges for the surgeon . Squamous cell carcinoma primarily spreads via direct invasion a...
To report a case of bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusion in rhino - orbito - cerebral mucormycosis . An 89-year - old man with poorly controlled diabetes developed sudden bilateral ptosis, complete ophthalmoplegia of the right eye, and superior rectus palsy of the left eye . Brain and orbit magnetic resonance imaging ...
Preconference workshop a: the nuts and bolts of antibody development: accelerating antibody drugs to the clinic . Co - chairs: james larrick (panorama research institute and velocity pharmaceutical development llc) and mark alfenito (engen bio, inc .) The silver anniversary antibody engineering & therapeutics meeting w...
External fixation has gained wide acceptance in osteotomy, limb lengthening, and treatment of open fractures because it enables easy reduction of bone fragments, even under unfavorable soft tissue conditions, and secondary corrections and modifications can be made.1 despite these positive qualities, there is still a hi...
This was a retrospective study (20022010) that was approved by the yaound gynaeco - obstetric and paediatric hospital s ethical committee . The data collected included age, sex, past history, delay in presentation (duration between onset of symptoms and presentation), initial visual acuity, type of corneal lesion, and ...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a heterogeneous condition diagnosed by not completely reversible airflow obstruction detected during spirometry . Beyond this unifying functional definition, it is known that the lung may react to cigarettes smoking and environmental exposure with conductive airways remod...
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (ohss) is a well - known complication of assisted reproductive techniques (arts) and is characterized by enlargement of the ovaries and fluid shift from the intravascular compartment to the third space . Tuberculosis is common in developing countries, and peritoneal tuberculosis (tb) w...
All abstracts at the krs conference and the abstracts presented by korean investigators at the rsna and ecr from 2001 to 2002 were identified, using a search of the conference program books containing the abstracts . In addition, a search of the official websites of the krs (http://www.radiology.or.kr/event/annual.html...
Progressive facial hemiatrophy (pfh) was described initially by parry in 1825 . In 1846, romberg described the same as a syndrome . Eulenberg, in 1871, coined the name progressive facial hemiatrophy. We describe a case series of six patient presenting to us who were diagnosed as having pfh . The clinical features, hist...
Helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection is acquired mainly in childhood, especially in developing countries, where the influence of socioeconomic factors on the prevalence of h. pylori infection has been shown . There is a great contrast between developed countries, where only few children are infected and developing...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) is a progressive and devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective loss of motor neurons in the motor cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord . The mechanisms underlying the loss of motor neurons are complex and have to be clarified yet . A variety of hypotheses on the...
Early childhood caries is a significant public health problem in both developing and industrialized countries which continues to affect babies and preschool children worldwide . Early childhood caries (ecc) is not life - threatening but it may contribute to suboptimal health and failure to thrive . Ecc is a chronic, tr...
Stress among both medical students[16] and residents has been investigated in several studies . At the start of medical school, medical students have mental health similar to nonmedical peers, but frequent studies suggest that students mental health worsens during the medical training. [16914] several stressors threate...
Bullous skin lesions and necrosis of eccrine sweat glands have been described in drug induced coma . The commonest reported cause is barbiturates; alcohol is a rare cause . A previously reported patient with alcohol induced coma and bullous skin lesions had biochemical evidence of rhabdomyolysis . Coma due to barbitura...
Basic helix - loop - helix (bhlh) transcription factors belong to a large family of genes present in the shared ancestor of plants, animals, and fungi, and this family has undergone an expansion in the land plant lineage . Often referred to as helix - loop - helix (hlh) proteins, a loosely defined basic domain is invol...
A thyroid colloid cyst (tcc) is a nonneoplastic thyroid nodule with a histology showing marked follicular dilatation and epithelial flattening . A tcc contains a dense viscous material comprised of a concentrated solution of thyroglobulin; the cause of a tcc may be related to a defect in intraluminal thyroglobulin reab...
After vsr was first described by latham in 1874, there had been steady increase of reported case . However, the development of reperfusion therapy has contributed to the reduction in incidence of vsr . The event usually occurs 3 to 5 days after ami and often precipitates into cardiogenic shock, and early surgical treat...
Ileosigmoid knotting (isk) is a rare cause of closed - loop intestinal obstruction, which rapidly progresses to gangrene of involved gut segments . Isk is a very unusual entity in western world, but is relatively common in asian, middle eastern and african nations . Although the reported mortality rate in isk varies fr...
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ssnhl) is defined as a loss of hearing of 30 db or more over at least three contiguous frequencies . Usually, symptoms present unilaterally and suddenly within 2472 h. most of the cases are referred to as idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (issnhl) since etiologies remain unclear i...
Impaction of canine teeth is a well - documented phenomenon, particularly in the recent literature . The occurrence of maxillary canine impaction is considerable and its frequency increases with other genetically associated dental anomalies . Possible causes may include one or more of the following local factors and sy...
In our clinical experience some parents with epilepsy express concern how the condition will affect their child . This is especially the case when the parent has therapy - resistant epilepsy and often suffers from seizures . On the other hand, there are also parents who are not at all concerned about the consequences o...
Infection reported to the new south wales health department identified a probable s. enterica var . Java outbreak in a single local government area (population 57,000), and an investigation was initiated . We defined a case - patient as a person reported to health authorities during 20072009 who had had diarrhea for at...
Reagents - bovine serum albumin (bsa) was purchased from sigma (sigma chemical co, st . Alexa fluor 488-conjugated rabbit anti - mouse immunoglobulin g (igg) was purchased from molecular probes (carlsbad, ca, usa). Horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-conjugated rabbit anti - mouse igg was purchased from santa cruz biotechnolo...
Development of methods and the determination of inhaled volumes are important for the protection of wearers from airborne contaminants and assignment of minimal expected respirator protection factors . Respirator protection factors are defined as contaminant concentration outside the facepiece divided by contaminant co...
Alternative splicing (as) is increasingly emerging as a major mechanism in the expansion of transcript and protein complexity in eukaryotes . Indeed, recent experimental studies directed towards the characterization of human and mouse transcriptomes have revealed that as is a widespread phenomenon affecting> 60% (a con...
Detecting primary crc and crlm at an early stage results in better outcomes . At a molecular level, crc consists of a heterogeneous group of diseases with molecularly, as well as clinically, distinct tumors based on the primary site of origin (eg, colon vs rectal, and right - sided vs left - sided). Chromosomal instabi...
, we started asking students to submit creative work on medical themes as part of a first year teaching unit . Rationale, recipes and results of this initiative are unpacked in an accompanying paper (http://www.med-ed-online.net/index.php/meo/article/view/5394). In brief, we postulated that asking students to work crea...
The religious cognitive emotional therapy is essentially a new form of cognitive theory based on religious approaches . According to cognitive theories, what we think (cognition), what we feel (emotion and affect) and how we act (behavior) the basic aim of the cognitive therapy is to identify irrational or maladaptive ...
Hypothyroidism is a known consequence of external - beam radiotherapy to the neck encompassing a part or whole of the thyroid gland . Though hypothyroidism has a significant impact on the quality of life, assessment of thyroid function is not yet a part of continue follow - up of cancer patients even in long term survi...
S6 kinases are members of the agc serine / threonine kinases of the rsk family, exhibit high homology within their catalytic domain, and are activated by the phosphorylation of a critical residue within the activation loop by phosphoinositide dependent kinase 1 (pdk1). Yeast contains one s6 kinase called sch9, and huma...
It is well established that resistance training is good for adults health, regardless of age.13 increased strength and bone density, improved ability to complete activities of daily living, improvement in health - related quality of life, reduced signs and symptoms of chronic illness, and a reduction in sarcopenia are ...
Very rarely, haemorrhage caused by trauma or bleeding tendency forms cyst - like lesions in the potential space surrounding vessels . In the oral and maxillofacial region, these lesions are known by a variety of names, including traumatic bone cyst, solitary bone cyst and simple bone cyst, and intramedullary haemorrhag...
Pandemic and seasonal influenza result in significant morbidity, increase in hospitalization rate and mortality . Even though influenza is usually mild and self - limited disease, among certain population groups, such as elderly people, very young children and patients with different underlying medical conditions (diab...
Ulcerations are characterized by defects in the epithelium, underlying connective tissue, or both . Due to diversity of causative factors and presenting features, diagnosis of oral ulcerative lesions might be quite challenging [14]. This narrative review paper, however, focuses on the duration and the number of lesions...
Patients with unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), who are not candidates for local / regional treatment, have a very limited number of therapeutic options (1). To date, sorafenib is the only systemic therapy proven to prolong overall survival in patients with advanced hcc who are not candidates f...
The ability of the food and pharmacological substances to interactions with free radicals is their important property (pawowska - gral et al ., 2013; rzepecka - stojko et al ., free radicals are responsible for a lot of negative effects in organism, and their inactivation is needed . Free radicals have unpaired electro...
In this pilot, multicenter, prospective, open - label, randomized study, we enrolled 90 adult patients admitted to general medicine and surgery services . Recruited patients had a known history of t2d with a blood glucose (bg) prior to randomization of between 140 and 400 mg / dl and a known history of t2d for> 3 month...
All chemotherapy agents are potentially teratogenic and there is a potential long - term effect on the offspring . Concerns always exist regarding the mother s health . Chemotherapy is contraindicated in the first trimester because of the high rate of abortion and abnormal fetal development . Malformations were present...
Floating seaweeds are an important habitat for many accompanying or attached animals in offshore waters . Among natural floating objects, several studies have highlighted the importance of rafting as a habitat for marine invertebrates and some fish species (safran and omori 1990; inglfsson 1995; sano et al . For exampl...
Orthodontists traditionally consider restored oral health, function, and aesthetics as the principal therapeutic goals.1 however, improved aesthetics and its positive psychosocial impact are increasingly being accepted as important benefits of treatment.1,2 occlusal or orthodontic treatment need indices are available t...
With the rapid development of the economy and society, the incidence of tbi in china is rising year by year, and its mortality and morbidity rates remain high, making it a great burden for the patients families both mentally and economically . It has been revealed that tbi can be divided into two phases: the initial in...
Transfusion - related acute lung injury (trali) is typically presented as pulmonary edema with bilateral pulmonary infiltrations on chest radiography and severe dyspnea, tachypnea and cyanosis which develops during or within 6 hr of transfusion (1). The diagnostic criteria was proposed by trali consensus conference in ...
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among nigerian men and the second most common cause of death from cancer in men worldwide . Prostate cancer is more common in blacks and mixed race men compared to men of european or of asian descent . The primary goal of prostate cancer screening is to reduce deaths due to pro...
Amelogenesis imperfecta (ai) is a common group of inherited defects that presentquantitative or qualitative tooth enamel malformation in the absence of systemic manifestations . Ai is sometimes associated with different syndromes such as tricho - dento - osseous (tdo) syndrome (omim #190320) and cone rod dystrophy . Ac...
Attention - deficit / hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is a widespread neurodevelopmental disorder, the prevalence and significance of which is rapidly growing . Increasing numbers of people the ever - increasing life s tempo, ever - growing stress, and last but not least, the onset of the ubiquitous electronic technology...
Posterior urethral trauma is classically associated with pelvic fractures with pelvic fracture incidence of approximately 20/100,000 in men and 29/100,000 in women in the western world . These posterior urethral injuries occur in 3.519% males and 06% females with an overall peak of 25% . The injury now is thought to be...
Motor dysfunction is the major neurological deficits after stroke, with 50% of patients suffering from hemiparesis and 30% remaining unable to walk independently . Transsynaptic degeneration of lower motor neurons secondary to upper motor neurons injury plays a role in muscle mass loss . It has been demonstrated that t...
Incidence of ami in female patients is increasing year by year after menopause, especially for type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) patients . Gender disparity in clinical outcome of ami patients with or without t2 dm is still elusive . Women with ami are more inclined to gain a poorer outcome than men [13]. Plasma glucose...
, the explanation for the enhanced strength of the h - bonds between two sp hybridized monomers, such as adenine (a) and thymine (t) bases, has been attributed to a reinforcement by the electrons, the so - called resonanceassisted hydrogen bonding (rahb). But we prove rahb is not the reason for this enhanced h - bond s...
Crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc) are the two main types of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), which is chronic inflammatory disease occurring in the intestine . Although their etiologies are still unknown, ibd is now a substantial health problem in many countries . The prevalence of ibd in japan has been...
It is widely accepted that conditions exist for the evolution of a new strain of influenza virus with the potential to cause a human pandemic . The biggest challenge in planning for an influenza pandemic is the range of unknown factors; its nature and impact cannot be fully predicted until the pandemic virus actually e...
Research over the last few decades has revealed that some dna and rna secondary structures modulate a variety of cellular events . One secondary structure in particular, the g - quadruplex regulates cellular events such as transcription, translation, pre - rna splicing, and telomerase elongation, all of which play role...
Diabetic nephropathy (dn) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and leading causes of end - stage renal disease worldwide and accounts for a significant increase in morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients . Although dn is alleviated through conventional treatments, such as stri...
Auditory verbal hallucinations (avhs) are among the core symptoms used in the diagnosis of schizophrenia, occurring in 6080% of schizophrenia patients . Characterizing the brain structural and functional features of specific symptoms can enhance our understanding of the etiology of schizophrenia and provide objective i...
As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors . Such materials are peer reviewed and may be reorganized for online delivery, but are not copyedited or typeset . Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should ...
The goal of brachytherapy is to deliver a high dose of radiation to the target while minimising the dose to the surrounding normal tissues.1 prostate brachytherapy has been proposed as an alternative method to external beam radiotherapy as either a boost or monotherapy.2 there have been a number of single institution s...
All surgical and experimental procedures were in accordance with the national institutes of health guide for the care and use of laboratory animals and approved by the harvard institutional animal care and use committee . We injected dat - cre and vgat - cre mice with adeno - associated virus carrying flex - chr2 into ...
In patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer hepatic resection has proven survival benefits and is curative in a small proportion of cases . Patients whose metastases are small, few in number and metachronous have the best prognosis, but there is now good evidence that patients with more extensive disease c...
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer - related deaths in american men.1, 2 although hormonal and radiation therapy can be very effective for local disease, patients usually become refractory to hormonal therapy (castration resistant) within 13 years . This is usually associated with the transition to a...
In 2005, researchers at yale university analyzed all the genes of targeted proteins published by the mammalian gene collection project (mgc). Moreover, they identified that the renalase gene has 9 exons spanning approximately 3.1110{bp, resides on chromosome 10 at q23.33, and encodes a protein with 342 aas with a molec...
Correct chromosome segregation requires that one and only one kinetochore assembles on each chromosome . To achieve this, a subset of kinetochore proteins functions to specifically recognize and bind to centromeric dna . In budding yeast, centromeric dna is 125 bp long and is conserved among the different chromosomes (...
The dej is a complex interfacial zone that joins two highly dissimilar calcified tissues, enamel and dentin . Enamel covers the coronal portion of a tooth and is primarily composed of a defective carbonate rich apatite arrayed in rods or prisms 4 - 5 m in diameter . These rods are oriented to intersect the dej almost p...
Many different treatment modalities are available for the treatment of urethral stricture disease, such as dilatation, urethrotomy, stent placement, and single or two - stage urethroplasty . Visual internal urethrotomy (viu) is simple and safe, causes minimum inconvenience to the patient, and requires a short time off ...
An increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with a decrease in the incidence of cardiovascular disease and reduced risks of certain cancers . Citrus fruits and derived products have a beneficial effect on humans [1, 2]. Oranges are a rich source of flavonoids that are bioactive and may protect...