| | --- |
| | license: cc |
| | language: |
| | - ks |
| | pipeline_tag: image-to-text |
| | tags: |
| | - Kashmiri |
| | --- |
| | # 600k_KS_OCR_Word_Segmented_Dataset |
| | |
| | A large-scale synthetic OCR dataset for **Kashmiri script** containing approximately **602,000 word-level segmented images** designed for training and evaluating OCR models, particularly CRNN and TrOCR architectures. |
| | ## Dataset Overview |
| | |
| | | Property | Value | |
| | |----------|-------| |
| | | **Total Samples** | ~602,000 words | |
| | | **Archive Files** | 10 ZIP files | |
| | | **Image Dimensions** | 256×64 pixels (CRNN Standard) / TrOCR | |
| | | **Text Direction** | RTL (Right-to-Left) | |
| | | **Script** | Kashmiri (Perso-Arabic) | |
| | | **Formats** | CRNN, TrOCR, CSV, JSONL | |
| | |
| | |
| | | Image | Transcript | |
| | |-------|------------| |
| | |  | `پہلگام` | |
| | |  | `چہِ` | |
| | |  | `فُٹ` | |
| | |  | `بال` | |
| | |  | `فیضہ` | |
| | |  | `خانَن` | |
| | | | `کوٚر` | |
| | |  | `پہلگام` | |
| | |  | `سپورٹس` | |
| | |  | `گراؤنڈَس` | |
| | |  | `شوٗٹِنٛگ` | |
| | |  | `مُقابلَس` | |
| | |  | `منٛز` | |
| | |  | `سۄنہٕ` | |
| | |  | `سُنٛد` | |
| | |  | `تمغہٕ،` | |
| | |  | `رِیٲستی` | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | ## Dataset Structure |
| | |
| | The dataset is distributed across **10 ZIP archives**: |
| | |
| | ``` |
| | 600k_KS_OCR_Word_Segmented_Dataset/ |
| | ├── P1_OCR_dataset_50000_2025-12-26T11-26-04.zip (~904 MB) |
| | ├── P2_OCR_dataset_53815_2025-12-26T12-17-02.zip (~953 MB) |
| | ├── P3_OCR_dataset_68741_2025-12-26T12-32-17.zip (~1.2 GB) |
| | ├── P4_OCR_dataset_69886_2025-12-26T12-43-47.zip (~1.2 GB) |
| | ├── P5_OCR_dataset_69637_2025-12-26T13-01-04.zip (~1.2 GB) |
| | ├── P6_OCR_dataset_69506_2025-12-26T13-14-06.zip (~1.2 GB) |
| | ├── P7_OCR_dataset_58228_2025-12-26T14-05-51.zip (~1.1 GB) |
| | ├── P8_OCR_dataset_35720_2025-12-26T15-31-59.zip (~620 MB) |
| | ├── P9_OCR_dataset_86635_2025-12-26T16-14-27.zip (~1.5 GB) |
| | └── P10_OCR_dataset_41401_2025-12-26T16-25-16.zip (~732 MB) |
| | ``` |
| | |
| | ### Contents of Each ZIP Archive |
| | |
| | Each archive contains: |
| | |
| | ``` |
| | P*_OCR_dataset_*/ |
| | ├── images/ # Folder containing word-segmented images |
| | ├── data.csv # CSV format labels (filename, text) |
| | ├── data.jsonl # JSONL format for TrOCR training |
| | ├── labels.txt # CRNN format labels (filename \t text) |
| | └── metadata.json # Generation configuration and statistics |
| | ``` |
| | |
| | ## Generation Configuration |
| | |
| | ### Image Settings |
| | |
| | | Parameter | Value | |
| | |-----------|-------| |
| | | **Size Preset** | CRNN Standard | |
| | | **Dimensions** | 256×64 pixels | |
| | | **Background** | #FFFFFF (White) | |
| | | **Background Style** | Mixed (clean_white + textures) | |
| | | **Text Color** | #000000 (Black) | |
| | | **Direction** | RTL | |
| | |
| | ### Fonts Used |
| | |
| | Three traditional Kashmiri/Nastaliq fonts were used for text rendering: |
| | |
| | - **Afan_Koshur_Naksh** - Native Kashmiri Naskh style |
| | - **Nastaleeq** - Classical Nastaliq calligraphy |
| | - **Nakash (Narqalam)** - Traditional handwritten style |
| | |
| | ### Data Augmentation |
| | |
| | Augmentation was enabled with **60% augmentation percentage**, applying various transformations to improve model robustness: |
| | |
| | | Augmentation Type | |
| | |-------------------| |
| | | Rotation/Tilt | |
| | | Skew/Perspective |
| | | Gaussian Blur | |
| | | Motion Blur | |
| | | Gaussian Noise | |
| | | Salt & Pepper | |
| | | Brightness Variation |
| | | Contrast Variation | |
| | | JPEG Artifacts | |
| | | Resolution Loss | |
| | | Paper Texture | |
| | | Shadow/Lighting | |
| | | Ink Bleed | |
| | |
| | > **Note:** Different ZIP files may have varying augmentation levels applied during generation. |
| | |
| | ### Background Textures |
| | |
| | Mixed background mode with diverse paper textures: |
| | |
| | - `clean_white` - Pure white background |
| | - `aged_paper`, `old_book`, `parchment` - Aged document styles |
| | - `notebook`, `book_page`, `newspaper` - Document styles |
| | - `ivory`, `cream`, `recycled` - Paper tones |
| | - `coffee_stain`, `weathered` - Distressed effects |
| | - `p1-p14 background` - Custom pattern backgrounds |
| | |
| | ## Sample Metadata |
| | |
| | Each ZIP contains a `metadata.json` with generation details: |
| | |
| | ```json |
| | { |
| | "generated_at": "2025-12-26T16:24:34.803Z", |
| | "config": { |
| | "image_size": "256x64", |
| | "background": "#FFFFFF", |
| | "background_style": "clean_white", |
| | "background_mode": "mix", |
| | "text_color": "#000000", |
| | "direction": "rtl", |
| | "augmentation_enabled": true, |
| | "augmentation_percentage": 60, |
| | "fonts_used": [ |
| | "Afan_Koshur_Naksh", |
| | "Nastaleeq", |
| | "Nakash (Narqalam)" |
| | ], |
| | "output_formats": ["crnn", "trocr", "csv", "jsonl"] |
| | }, |
| | "samples": , |
| | "clean_samples": , |
| | "augmented_samples": , |
| | "font_usage": { |
| | "Nakash (Narqalam)": , |
| | "Afan_Koshur_Naksh": , |
| | "Nastaleeq": |
| | }, |
| | "background_usage": { |
| | "clean_white": , |
| | "p3 background": , |
| | "p2 background": , |
| | ... |
| | } |
| | } |
| | ``` |
| | |
| | ## Data Formats |
| |
|
| | ### labels.txt (CRNN Format) |
| | ``` |
| | image_001.png کٲشُر |
| | image_002.png زَبان |
| | ``` |
| |
|
| | ### data.jsonl (TrOCR Format) |
| | ```json |
| | {"file_name": "image_001.png", "text": "کٲشُر"} |
| | {"file_name": "image_002.png", "text": "زَبان"} |
| | ``` |
| |
|
| | ### data.csv |
| | ```csv |
| | filename,text |
| | image_001.png,کٲشُر |
| | image_002.png,زَبان |
| | ``` |
| |
|
| | ## Performance Notes |
| |
|
| | Generated using GPU-accelerated parallel processing: |
| | - **Parallel Batches:** 4 cores |
| | - **Performance Boost:** 3-10x faster generation |
| | - **GPU Augmentation:** Enabled |
| |
|
| | ## Usage |
| |
|
| | ### Loading with Hugging Face Datasets |
| |
|
| | ```python |
| | from datasets import load_dataset |
| | |
| | dataset = load_dataset("Omarrran/600k_KS_OCR_Word_Segmented_Dataset") |
| | ``` |
| |
|
| | ### Manual Loading |
| |
|
| | ```python |
| | import json |
| | import pandas as pd |
| | from pathlib import Path |
| | |
| | # Load labels |
| | labels_df = pd.read_csv("data.csv") |
| | |
| | # Load metadata |
| | with open("metadata.json", "r") as f: |
| | metadata = json.load(f) |
| | |
| | # Load images |
| | from PIL import Image |
| | img = Image.open("images/image_001.png") |
| | ``` |
| |
|
| | ## Intended Use |
| |
|
| | - Training OCR models for Kashmiri script recognition |
| | - Fine-tuning TrOCR, CRNN, and attention-based sequence models |
| | - Benchmarking low-resource language OCR systems |
| | - Research in Perso-Arabic script recognition |
| |
|
| | ## Language Information |
| |
|
| | **Kashmiri (کٲشُر)** is an endangered Dardic language spoken primarily in the Kashmir Valley. It uses a modified Perso-Arabic script with additional characters for unique phonemes. This dataset aims to advance OCR technology for this underrepresented language. |
| |
|
| | ## Citation |
| |
|
| | If you use this dataset, please cite: |
| |
|
| | ```bibtex |
| | @dataset{ks_ocr_600k_2025, |
| | title={600k Kashmiri OCR Word Segmented Dataset}, |
| | author={Haq Nawaz Malik}, |
| | year={2025}, |
| | publisher={Hugging Face}, |
| | published url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/Omarrran/600k_KS_OCR_Word_Segmented_Dataset}} |
| | } |
| | ``` |
| |
|
| | ## License |
| |
|
| | [ CC-BY-4.0] |
| |
|
| |
|
| | # Dataset & License Policy (v1.0) |
| |
|
| | ## © Copyright Notice |
| |
|
| | All datasets, derived datasets, annotations, and language resources related to the Kashmiri AI initiative are © the Dataset Creator / Project Maintainer unless otherwise stated. |
| |
|
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ## PART A — DATASET LICENSE |
| |
|
| | **(Controlled Research Access License )** |
| |
|
| | ### 1. Definitions |
| |
|
| | * **“Datasets”** refers to all text, audio, OCR, parallel corpora, lexicons, annotations, and derived linguistic resources. |
| | * **“Derived Data”** means any data generated directly or indirectly using the original datasets. |
| | * **“User”** means any individual, institution, or organization accessing the datasets. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 2. Ownership |
| |
|
| | * Full ownership of the datasets remains with the Dataset Creator. |
| | * Access to datasets does **not** transfer ownership, copyright, or exclusive rights. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 3. Permitted Uses |
| |
|
| | Users **may** use the datasets for: |
| |
|
| | 1. Non-commercial research and experimentation |
| | 2. Academic publications and benchmarking |
| | 3. Training AI models for Kashmiri language research |
| | 4. Open scientific collaboration aligned with language preservation |
| | 5. Internal evaluation and analysis |
| |
|
| | All permitted uses **require proper attribution**. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 4. Prohibited Uses |
| |
|
| | Users **must NOT**: |
| |
|
| | 1. Redistribute, mirror, or re-host datasets (publicly or privately) |
| | 2. Use datasets for commercial products, services, APIs, or SaaS |
| | 3. Train proprietary or closed-source models without permission |
| | 4. Attempt dataset reconstruction via model outputs |
| | 5. Combine datasets into other datasets for redistribution |
| | 6. Claim ownership or exclusive rights over the data |
| | 7. Use datasets in surveillance, profiling, or harmful applications |
| |
|
| | Violations result in **immediate revocation of access**. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 5. Model Training Restrictions |
| |
|
| | * Models trained using these datasets: |
| |
|
| | * Must clearly acknowledge dataset usage |
| | * Must not enable extraction or regeneration of original data |
| | * May not be commercialized without a separate agreement |
| | * Weights may be: |
| |
|
| | * Open |
| | * Gated |
| | * Restricted |
| | at the discretion of the maintainer. |
| | |
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 6. Attribution Requirements |
| |
|
| | All uses must include: |
| |
|
| | > “If you use this corpus in your research or applications, please cite as per above Citaion section: |
| |
|
| | ” |
| |
|
| | Required in: |
| |
|
| | * Research papers |
| | * Model cards |
| | * GitHub repositories |
| | * Public demos or reports |
| |
|
| | Failure to attribute constitutes a license violation. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 7. Access Control |
| |
|
| | Dataset access may be: |
| |
|
| | * Revoked at any time |
| | * Limited by scope or duration |
| | * Subject to additional conditions |
| |
|
| | No guarantee of permanent access is implied. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 8. Commercial Licensing |
| |
|
| | Any commercial use requires: |
| |
|
| | * Explicit written permission |
| | * A separate licensing agreement |
| | * Possible royalties or revenue-sharing |
| |
|
| | Commercial inquiries must be made **before use**. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 9. Disclaimer |
| |
|
| | Datasets are provided **“AS IS”**, without warranty of any kind. |
| | The maintainer is not liable for downstream use, misuse, or consequences. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
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| | --- |
| |
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| |
|
| | ### 10. Termination |
| |
|
| | This license is automatically terminated if: |
| |
|
| | * Any term is violated |
| | * Attribution is removed |
| | * Datasets are misused |
| |
|
| | Upon termination, all copies must be deleted. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | ### 11. Acceptance |
| |
|
| | By accessing datasets or using tools, you agree to all terms in this policy. |
| |
|
| | --- |
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| | ## Contact |
| |
|
| | For questions or issues, please open an issue on the repository or contact the dataset creator. |
| |
|
| | --- |
| |
|
| | *This dataset was generated as part of ongoing efforts to develop NLP and OCR resources for the Kashmiri language.* |
