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README: linked file directory, placebos and data format sections

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- Replace the Files table with a nested list of the 2026.10 files; each file links
to its hub page, each folder to its tree view, and firm-level files note omitted signals
- Add a Placebos section: what they are, why they are included (nesting Hou, Xue,
and Zhang), why they may still be useful, and how to build BidAskTAQ
- Add a Data Format section: firm-level columns and timing, portfolio columns,
return timing and signing
- Link release notes via /blob/ so they render; fix size (12 KB)
- Link Quick download to the file directory; drop the redundant exclusions paragraph

Files changed (1) hide show
  1. README.md +123 -45
README.md CHANGED
@@ -42,21 +42,20 @@ use them, please cite [Chen and Zimmermann (2022)](#citation).
42
 
43
  ## Quick download (latest release, 2026.10)
44
 
45
- ### Predictor Portfolios
46
 
47
- Click a link to download, or pass it to any parquet reader. No account or token is needed.
48
 
49
  | Data | File | Size |
50
  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
51
  | Signal documentation | [SignalDoc.csv](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/SignalDoc.csv) | 0.2 MB |
52
  | Long-short returns, original papers' construction (wide) | [PredictorLSretWide.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PredictorLSretWide.parquet) | 1.4 MB |
53
  | All portfolio returns, original papers' construction (long) | [PredictorPortsFull.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PredictorPortsFull.parquet) | 18.7 MB |
54
- | Placebo portfolio returns (long) | [PlaceboPortsFull.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PlaceboPortsFull.parquet) | 7.9 MB |
55
  | Value-weighted decile portfolio returns (long) | [PredictorAltPorts_DecilesVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_DecilesVW.parquet) | 25.7 MB |
56
  | Daily value-weighted portfolio returns, original papers' construction (long) | [PredictorVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/PredictorVW.parquet) | 252 MB |
57
- | Release notes | [Release Notes 2026.10.md](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Release%20Notes%202026.10.md) | 17 KB |
58
 
59
- For example, in Python:
60
 
61
  ```python
62
  import pandas as pd
@@ -66,6 +65,8 @@ ports = pd.read_parquet(
66
  )
67
  ```
68
 
 
 
69
  ### Accessing Specific Predictor Signals (Firm Level Characteristics)
70
 
71
  For most predictors, you can quickly download them via the `columns` argument in `pd.read_parquet()`.
@@ -117,55 +118,132 @@ Package documentation:
117
  - Python: [openassetpricing](https://github.com/mk0417/open-asset-pricing-download)
118
  - R: [OpenSourceAP.DownloadR](https://github.com/tomz23/OpenSourceAP.DownloadR)
119
 
120
- ## Files (2025.10 and later)
121
-
122
- | Path | Contents |
123
- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
124
- | `SignalDoc.parquet`, `SignalDoc.csv` | One row per signal: category, original paper, sign, portfolio construction settings |
125
- | `Firm Level Characteristics/Predictors.parquet` | Wide panel: `permno`, `yyyymm`, one column per predictor (209 predictors) |
126
- | `Firm Level Characteristics/signed_predictors_dl_wide.parquet` | Same, with each predictor multiplied by its `Sign`, so that higher means higher expected return |
127
- | `Firm Level Characteristics/Placebos.parquet` | Wide panel of placebos (113 "not predictors" and "indirect evidence" signals) |
128
- | `Portfolios/Full Sets OP/PredictorPortsFull.parquet` | Monthly portfolio returns using the original papers' construction. Long: `signalname`, `port`, `date`, `ret`, `signallag`, `Nlong`, `Nshort` |
129
- | `Portfolios/Full Sets OP/PredictorLSretWide.parquet` | Long-short returns, wide: `date`, one column per predictor |
130
- | `Portfolios/Full Sets OP/PlaceboPortsFull.parquet` | Same as `PredictorPortsFull`, for placebos |
131
- | `Portfolios/Full Sets OP/*Summary.xlsx` | Summary statistics by signal |
132
- | `Portfolios/Full Sets Alt/*.parquet` | Alternative implementations: deciles, quintiles, EW/VW, holding periods, liquidity screens, FF93 style |
133
- | `DailyPortfolios/*.parquet` | Daily portfolio returns. Long: `signalname`, `port`, `date`, `ret` |
134
- | `Results/` | Figures and tables from the paper |
135
-
136
- For firm-level signals, `yyyymm` identifies the month-end when the signal is available
137
- and valid. Use signals from month-end $t$ to predict returns in month $t+1$.
138
- For monthly portfolio returns, `date` identifies the return month: the return runs
139
- from the last trading day's closing price in the preceding month to the last trading
140
- day's closing price in that month. Returns are in percent.
141
- `port` is text: `"01"`–`"10"` for quantiles, `"LS"` for long-short.
142
-
143
- Firm-level signals exclude Price, Size and STreversal (CRSP-only), and BidAskTAQ (TAQ),
144
- which cannot be redistributed. The R and Python packages above retrieve the three
145
- CRSP signals using your WRDS account. To construct BidAskTAQ, use the required TAQ
146
- data with the
147
- [CrossSection code](https://github.com/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection).
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
148
 
149
  Older releases may have slightly different file structure.
150
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
151
  ## Releases
152
 
153
  For another release, replace `Data-Release-2026.10` in the link with that release's branch
154
  from the table below.
155
 
156
- | Release | Branch (`revision=`) | Notes |
157
- | ------- | ------------------------ | ----- |
158
- | 2026.10 | `"Data-Release-2026.10"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2025-12; CRSP v2 (CIZ); parquet only. See `Release Notes 2026.10.md` |
159
- | 2025.10 | `"2025.10"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2024-12; code translated from Stata to Python (v2.0.0) |
160
- | 2024.10 | `"2024.10"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; patch of 2024.08 fixing look-ahead bias in AnnouncementReturn |
161
- | 2024.08 | `"2024.08"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2023-12; OptionMetrics signals end 2022-12 |
162
- | 2023.08 | `"2023.08"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2022-12; 5 new predictors; BM follows Stattman (1980) |
163
- | 2022.04 | `"2022.04"` | 207 predictors, 114 placebos; SignalDoc corrections; no daily portfolios or `Results/` |
164
- | 2022.03 | `"2022.03"` | 207 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2021-12; `SignalDoc.csv` replaces the xlsx; FF93-style portfolios added |
165
- | 2021.04 | `"2021.04"` | 205 predictors, 114 placebos; adds value-weighted and daily portfolios; docs in `SignalDocumentation.xlsx` |
166
  | 2021.03 | `"2021.03"` | 205 predictors, 114 placebos; **code v1.0.0, matches the CFR publication**; portfolios in `Full_Sets_Main/` and `Full_Sets_Extended/`; `signed_predictors_dl_wide` lacks KZ and ZScore |
167
- | 2020.07 | `"2020.07"` | 210 base and 104 additional signals; adds trading-cost portfolios (`PortCosts/`); original layout |
168
- | 2020.05 | `"2020.05"` | 210 base and 104 additional signals; first release; original layout (`signalbase`, `portbase`, ...) |
169
 
170
  Counts include Price, Size, STreversal and BidAskTAQ, which are not in the firm-level files.
171
 
 
42
 
43
  ## Quick download (latest release, 2026.10)
44
 
45
+ ### Core predictor portfolios and documentation
46
 
47
+ Click a link to download.
48
 
49
  | Data | File | Size |
50
  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
51
  | Signal documentation | [SignalDoc.csv](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/SignalDoc.csv) | 0.2 MB |
52
  | Long-short returns, original papers' construction (wide) | [PredictorLSretWide.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PredictorLSretWide.parquet) | 1.4 MB |
53
  | All portfolio returns, original papers' construction (long) | [PredictorPortsFull.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PredictorPortsFull.parquet) | 18.7 MB |
 
54
  | Value-weighted decile portfolio returns (long) | [PredictorAltPorts_DecilesVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_DecilesVW.parquet) | 25.7 MB |
55
  | Daily value-weighted portfolio returns, original papers' construction (long) | [PredictorVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/resolve/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/PredictorVW.parquet) | 252 MB |
56
+ | Release notes | [Release Notes 2026.10.md](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Release%20Notes%202026.10.md) | 12 KB |
57
 
58
+ Or use a parquet reader, e.g.:
59
 
60
  ```python
61
  import pandas as pd
 
65
  )
66
  ```
67
 
68
+ We offer many other portfolio implementations too. See the [File Directory](#file-directory-202610).
69
+
70
  ### Accessing Specific Predictor Signals (Firm Level Characteristics)
71
 
72
  For most predictors, you can quickly download them via the `columns` argument in `pd.read_parquet()`.
 
118
  - Python: [openassetpricing](https://github.com/mk0417/open-asset-pricing-download)
119
  - R: [OpenSourceAP.DownloadR](https://github.com/tomz23/OpenSourceAP.DownloadR)
120
 
121
+ ### Placebos
122
+
123
+ Placebos are 114 signals whose original papers did not show clear, statistically significant
124
+ predictability in long-short portfolios. This includes 14 "not-predictors," which were clearly
125
+ insignificant, and 100 "indirect signals," which had only suggestive evidence or were modifications of
126
+ another signal. Most come from [Hou, Xue, and Zhang (2020)](https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy131),
127
+ who count them among their 452 "anomalies." Chen and Zimmermann (2022) include them so that
128
+ the dataset nests Hou, Xue, and Zhang, and helps reconcile the disparate replication rates
129
+ (Hou, Xue, and Zhang's "failed replications" are mostly tests that were never shown to be
130
+ predictive previously).
131
+
132
+
133
+ The placebos may still be useful. Many of them seem to have predictive power and true
134
+ statistical predictability is plentiful, historically ([Chen (2026, JF Insights)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.15365);
135
+ [Chen and Dim (2023)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.10685)).
136
+
137
+ Firm-level placebo signals are in [Placebos.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Firm%20Level%20Characteristics/Placebos.parquet),
138
+ and their portfolio returns are in
139
+ [PlaceboPortsFull.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PlaceboPortsFull.parquet).
140
+
141
+ `BidAskTAQ` is not included. To build it with your own TAQ, ISSM and CRSP data, run the
142
+ [TAQ prep scripts](https://github.com/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/tree/master/Signals/pyCode/PrepScripts/taq-chen-velikov)
143
+ and then [BidAskTAQ.py](https://github.com/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/master/Signals/pyCode/Placebos/BidAskTAQ.py)
144
+ from the CrossSection repo.
145
+
146
+ ## File Directory (2026.10)
147
+
148
+ Click a file or folder to open its page on the hub. Then click "Download" to download.
149
+
150
+ - [SignalDoc.csv](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/SignalDoc.csv) (0.2 MB) — one row per signal: category, original paper, sign, portfolio settings
151
+ - [SignalDoc.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/SignalDoc.parquet) (64 KB) — same, as parquet
152
+ - [Release Notes 2026.10.md](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Release%20Notes%202026.10.md) (12 KB)
153
+ - **[Firm Level Characteristics/](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/tree/Data-Release-2026.10/Firm%20Level%20Characteristics)** — monthly panels: `permno`, `yyyymm`, one column per signal
154
+ - [Predictors.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Firm%20Level%20Characteristics/Predictors.parquet) (1.9 GB) — 209 predictors; omits `Price`, `Size` and `STreversal` ([how to get them](#the-full-panel-of-firm-level-predictors-signals))
155
+ - [signed_predictors_dl_wide.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Firm%20Level%20Characteristics/signed_predictors_dl_wide.parquet) (1.9 GB) — same, each multiplied by its `Sign` so that higher signal means higher in-sample mean return; omits `Price`, `Size` and `STreversal` ([how to get them](#the-full-panel-of-firm-level-predictors-signals))
156
+ - [Placebos.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Firm%20Level%20Characteristics/Placebos.parquet) (1.0 GB) — 113 placebos (not-predictors and indirect signals); omits `BidAskTAQ` ([how to get it](#placebos))
157
+ - **[Portfolios/](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/tree/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios)**
158
+ - **[Full Sets OP/](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/tree/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP)** — monthly returns, original papers' construction
159
+ - [PredictorLSretWide.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PredictorLSretWide.parquet) (1.4 MB) — long-short returns, one column per predictor
160
+ - [PredictorPortsFull.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PredictorPortsFull.parquet) (18.7 MB) — all portfolios, long format
161
+ - [PlaceboPortsFull.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PlaceboPortsFull.parquet) (7.9 MB) — same, for placebos
162
+ - [PredictorSummary.xlsx](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PredictorSummary.xlsx) (1.1 MB) — summary statistics by predictor
163
+ - [PlaceboSummary.xlsx](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20OP/PlaceboSummary.xlsx) (0.4 MB) — summary statistics by placebo
164
+ - **[Full Sets Alt/](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/tree/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt)** — monthly returns, alternative constructions
165
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_Deciles.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_Deciles.parquet) (25.1 MB)
166
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_DecilesEW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_DecilesEW.parquet) (25.1 MB)
167
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_DecilesVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_DecilesVW.parquet) (25.7 MB)
168
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_Quintiles.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_Quintiles.parquet) (13.7 MB)
169
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_QuintilesEW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_QuintilesEW.parquet) (13.7 MB)
170
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_QuintilesVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_QuintilesVW.parquet) (13.9 MB)
171
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_1.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_1.parquet) (18.8 MB)
172
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_3.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_3.parquet) (19.0 MB)
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+ - [PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_6.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_6.parquet) (18.9 MB)
174
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_12.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_HoldPer_12.parquet) (18.8 MB)
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+ - [PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_ME_gt_NYSE20pct.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_ME_gt_NYSE20pct.parquet) (18.8 MB)
176
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_NYSEonly.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_NYSEonly.parquet) (18.2 MB)
177
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_Price_gt_5.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_Price_gt_5.parquet) (18.9 MB)
178
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_VWforce.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_LiqScreen_VWforce.parquet) (19.0 MB)
179
+ - [PredictorAltPorts_FF93style.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PredictorAltPorts_FF93style.parquet) (16.2 MB)
180
+ - [PlaceboPortsFull.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/Portfolios/Full%20Sets%20Alt/PlaceboPortsFull.parquet) (7.9 MB)
181
+ - **[DailyPortfolios/](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/tree/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios)** — daily returns, long format
182
+ - [Predictor.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/Predictor.parquet) (252 MB)
183
+ - [PredictorVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/PredictorVW.parquet) (252 MB)
184
+ - [CtsPredictorDecile.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/CtsPredictorDecile.parquet) (324 MB)
185
+ - [CtsPredictorDecileVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/CtsPredictorDecileVW.parquet) (324 MB)
186
+ - [CtsPredictorQuintile.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/CtsPredictorQuintile.parquet) (182 MB)
187
+ - [CtsPredictorQuintileVW.parquet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/CtsPredictorQuintileVW.parquet) (182 MB)
188
+ - [DailyPortSummary.xlsx](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/blob/Data-Release-2026.10/DailyPortfolios/DailyPortSummary.xlsx) (8 KB)
189
+ - **[Results/](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenSourceAP/CrossSection/tree/Data-Release-2026.10/Results)** — figures and tables from the paper
190
 
191
  Older releases may have slightly different file structure.
192
 
193
+ ## Data Format
194
+
195
+ **Firm-level signals** (`Firm Level Characteristics/`)
196
+
197
+ - One row per stock-month. `permno` is the CRSP stock identifier, `yyyymm` is the month as an
198
+ integer (e.g. `198601`), and every other column is one signal, named by its acronym in
199
+ `SignalDoc.csv`.
200
+ - Timing: signals are available and relevant for trading (based on the original paper) at the
201
+ end of the month `yyyymm`. Use signals with `yyyymm = 202511` to predict the return between
202
+ end of November 2025 and some future date (e.g. end of December 2025).
203
+ - Note: Many of the original papers imply that signals are valid long after the fiscal year end.
204
+ For example, Fama-French 1992 assume that book equity is available 6 months after the fiscal
205
+ year end, and is relevant for trading for another 12 months after that.
206
+
207
+ **Monthly portfolio returns** (`Portfolios/`)
208
+
209
+ - Long format (`PredictorPortsFull`, `PlaceboPortsFull` and the `Full Sets Alt` files): one row
210
+ per signal, portfolio and month, with columns
211
+ - `signalname`: the signal's acronym, as in `SignalDoc.csv`
212
+ - `port`: text, `"01"`–`"10"` for quantile portfolios and `"LS"` for long-short
213
+ - `date`: the return month, dated the last trading day of the month
214
+ - `ret`: return, in percent
215
+ - `signallag`: the average lagged signal of the stocks in the portfolio
216
+ - `Nlong`, `Nshort`: the number of stocks in the long and short legs (for quantile
217
+ portfolios, `Nlong` is the number of stocks and `Nshort` is 0)
218
+ - Wide format (`PredictorLSretWide`): long-short returns only, one row per month, with `date`
219
+ and one column per predictor.
220
+ - The return for `date` runs from the closing price on the last trading day of the preceding
221
+ month to the closing price on the last trading day of that month.
222
+ - Long-short portfolios are signed using the original papers' results, so the long leg is
223
+ the one the original paper found to have higher returns.
224
+
225
+ **Daily portfolio returns** (`DailyPortfolios/`)
226
+
227
+ - Long format with `signalname`, `port`, `date` (the trading day) and `ret` (in percent).
228
+
229
  ## Releases
230
 
231
  For another release, replace `Data-Release-2026.10` in the link with that release's branch
232
  from the table below.
233
 
234
+ | Release | Branch (`revision=`) | Notes |
235
+ | ------- | ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
236
+ | 2026.10 | `"Data-Release-2026.10"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2025-12; CRSP v2 (CIZ); parquet only. See `Release Notes 2026.10.md` |
237
+ | 2025.10 | `"2025.10"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2024-12; code translated from Stata to Python (v2.0.0) |
238
+ | 2024.10 | `"2024.10"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; patch of 2024.08 fixing look-ahead bias in AnnouncementReturn |
239
+ | 2024.08 | `"2024.08"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2023-12; OptionMetrics signals end 2022-12 |
240
+ | 2023.08 | `"2023.08"` | 212 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2022-12; 5 new predictors; BM follows Stattman (1980) |
241
+ | 2022.04 | `"2022.04"` | 207 predictors, 114 placebos; SignalDoc corrections; no daily portfolios or `Results/` |
242
+ | 2022.03 | `"2022.03"` | 207 predictors, 114 placebos; data through 2021-12; `SignalDoc.csv` replaces the xlsx; FF93-style portfolios added |
243
+ | 2021.04 | `"2021.04"` | 205 predictors, 114 placebos; adds value-weighted and daily portfolios; docs in `SignalDocumentation.xlsx` |
244
  | 2021.03 | `"2021.03"` | 205 predictors, 114 placebos; **code v1.0.0, matches the CFR publication**; portfolios in `Full_Sets_Main/` and `Full_Sets_Extended/`; `signed_predictors_dl_wide` lacks KZ and ZScore |
245
+ | 2020.07 | `"2020.07"` | 210 base and 104 additional signals; adds trading-cost portfolios (`PortCosts/`); original layout |
246
+ | 2020.05 | `"2020.05"` | 210 base and 104 additional signals; first release; original layout (`signalbase`, `portbase`, ...) |
247
 
248
  Counts include Price, Size, STreversal and BidAskTAQ, which are not in the firm-level files.
249