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18.6.1 Background
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18.6.2 Heartbeat encoding
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18.6.3 Heartbeat control
...................................................................................................................................... 179
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18.6.4 Heartbeat procedure
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19 Multi-Operator O-RU Operation
.......................................................................................................... 181
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19.1 Introduction
.................................................................................................................................................... 181 19.2 High level shared O-RU architecture ............................................................................................................. 181 19.3 Shared ...
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20 Network energy saving
......................................................................................................................... 197
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20.1 Introduction
.................................................................................................................................................... 197
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20.2 Carrier deactivation for energy saving
........................................................................................................... 197
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20.2.1 High level principle of carrier deactivation for energy saving
.................................................................. 197
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20.2.2 Synchronization aspects for carrier deactivation for energy saving
.......................................................... 197 Annex A (normative): Common alarm definition ........................................................................... 198 A.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................
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1 Scope
The present document defines the performance test cases for Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) transmission equipment (500 kbit/s / 250 kbit/s) operating in the 5 795 MHz to 5 815 MHz frequency band. NOTE: Technical requirements for conformance against article 3.2 of the Radio Equipment Directive [i.1] and rela...
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2 References
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2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which a...
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2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks i...
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3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply: bit: binary digit NOTE: It can have one out of two possible values, e.g. 0/1 or +1/-1 or low/high. bit rate: number of bits, in a bit stream, occurring per unit time, usually expressed in bits per second bore sight: direction of maximum radiation of a...
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3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: ACW Amplitude of CW signal Amod Amplitude of modulated signal ATNAT2 Attenuation of attenuator AT2 ATNBLN Attenuation of balun BLN ATNCA1 Attenuation of calibrated coaxial cable 1 BER Bit Error Ratio CF Number of frames transmitted CE Number of erro...
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: General abbreviations: AT1 Attenuator 1 AT2 Attenuator 2 BER Bit Error Ratio BLN Balun BST Beacon Service table CA Corresponding Antenna CC Coaxial Circulator CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation CRC Cyclic Redundancy Checking CW Continuous Wa...
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4 General characteristics for testing
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4.1 Units
Units can be either Road Side Units or On Board Units. Transmitters and receivers may be individual or combination units; some units may be transmitter only, some units may be receiver only and some units may combine transmitter and receiver functionalities.
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4.2 Environmental profiles
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4.2.1 Environmental profile for testing
The technical requirements of the present document shall apply under the mandatory environmental profile for intended operation of the equipment as specified in clause 4.2.2. The equipment shall always comply with all the technical requirements of the present document when operating within the boundary limits of the ma...
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4.2.2 Mandatory environmental conditions
The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be any convenient combination of temperature and relative humidity within the following ranges: • temperature: +15 ºC to +35 ºC; • relative humidity: 20 % to 75 %.
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4.2.3 Extreme environmental conditions
Extreme environmental conditions are classified in categories according to table 1. Table 1: Extreme environmental conditions Temperature category RSU OBU Category I (General): temperature: -20 °C to +55 °C temperature: -20 °C to +55 °C Category ll: IEC 60721-3-4 [i.8] / 4K2 IEC 60721-3-5 [i.9] / 5K2 Category III IEC 6...
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5 General characteristics of Road Side Unit
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5.1 Power supply
The power supply shall meet the requirements given in clause A.1.2 for the selected operational conditions of the EUT. The power can be supplied by a built-in battery, an external battery or a stabilized power supply.
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5.2 Carrier frequencies
The present document applies to RSUs operating in some or all of the following channels detailed in table 2. The centre frequencies fTx indicated in table 2 are referred to as parameter D1 in EN 12253 [1]. Table 2: Frequency bands and centre frequencies fTx allocated for DSRC Pan European Service Frequencies National S...
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5.3 Antenna characteristic
All RSU antennas shall be LHCP in accordance with parameters D5 and D5a in EN 12253 [1].
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5.4 Modulation
The carrier of frequency fTx, see table 2, shall be modulated in accordance with parameters D6, D6a and D6b in EN 12253 [1].
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6 General characteristics of On Board Unit
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6.1 OBU sets
There exist two sets of OBUs called Set A and Set B which differ by the following parameters listed in table 3 either in terms of value or applicability, and which are defined in EN 13372 [i.5]. ETSI ETSI TS 104 022 V1.1.1 (2024-06) 14 Table 3: Differences in OBU Sets EN 12253 [1] parameter abbreviation Set A Set B D11...
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6.2 OBU assemblies
The OBU as identically supplied for testing and usage by the end-user is a physical assembly which is located and operated in or on the vehicle to transmit and receive DSRC signals. The OBU may be assembled such that it is: • mountable in or on any part of the vehicle structure by the end-user according to guidelines i...
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6.3 Power supply
The power supply shall meet the requirements given in clause A.1.2 for the selected operational conditions of the EUT. The power supply may be a built-in battery, an external battery, or a stabilized power supply, etc.
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6.4 Up-link sub-carrier frequencies
The sub-carrier signal or also called sub-carrier is a signal whose nominal single frequency fs can vary within a range specified by the sub-carrier frequency tolerance. It shall be capable of being modulated by a second, symbol-carrying signal, see clause 6.7. The up-link sub-carrier frequency is referred to as parame...
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6.5 Antenna characteristic
All equipment antennas shall be LHCP according to parameters U5 and U5a in EN 12253 [1]. An OBU may provide either none, one, or two antenna connectors. In case an OBU does not provide an antenna connector, then either one antenna for receiving and transmitting, or one antenna for receiving and one antenna for transmit...
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6.6 Carrier frequencies
According to parameter D3 in EN 12253 [1] every OBU shall be able to operate in all DSRC channels as indicated in table 2. For tests of OBU parameters described in the present document, only the carrier frequencies fTx defined for channel 1 and channel 4 in table 2 shall be considered.
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6.7 Modulation
The up-link sub-carrier, see clause 6.4, shall be modulated according to parameters U1b, U6, U6b and U6c in EN 12253 [1]. The modulated up-link sub-carrier then shall be used to modulate the carrier at frequency fTx received from an RSU, i.e.: the modulated up-link sub-carrier shall be multiplied with the received carr...
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7 Parameter description and required limits
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7.1 RSU
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7.1.1 Modulation index
Figure 2 illustrates a two level amplitude modulated RSU carrier signal as required by parameter D6, D6a, and D6b in EN 12253 [1]. Vmax Vmin RSU transmit signal Signal amplitude Time Figure 2: Modulated RSU transmit signal The modulation index m is defined in equation (1) as: =   (1) where Vmax, and...
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7.1.2 Intermodulation immunity
The intermodulation immunity is a measure of the capability of the receiver to receive a wanted modulated signal without exceeding a given degradation due to the presence of two or more unwanted signals with specific and different frequency relationships to the wanted signal frequency. This measure is given in terms of...
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7.2 OBU
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7.2.1 Upper power limit for communication
Table 4: OBU upper power limit for communication for Sets A and B Upper power limit for communication PD11a according to parameter D11a of EN 12253 [1] Set A Set B −17 dBm −24 dBm The OBU shall provide a BER of less than or equal to 10-6 at the upper power limit for communication PD11a.
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7.2.2 Cut-off power level
This parameter applies only to Set B OBUs. The cut-off power level is the incident power level as received by a loss-less isotropic antenna below which an OBU shall not respond to a properly coded and modulated DSRC down-link signal. NOTE: There are protocol related requirements that request an OBU not to respond. Thes...
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7.2.3 Conversion gain
The conversion gain Gc is defined by Gc = EIRPObuTx / PObuRx, where PObuRx is the incident received carrier power level as referred to an isotropic loss-less antenna, and EIRPObuTx is the re-transmitted e.i.r.p. of the OBU in a single side-band. The OBU conversion gain is referred to as parameter U12 in EN 12253 [1]. N...
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8 Testing of Road Side Unit
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8.1 Modulation index
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8.1.1 General
This test shall be performed either with radiated or conducted measurements. Basic requirements and guidelines for measurements are provided in Annex A. Parameter descriptions and limits are provided in clause 7.1.1. ETSI ETSI TS 104 022 V1.1.1 (2024-06) 18
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8.1.2 Radiated measurements
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Set up the measurement arrangement as detailed in clause A.6.6.1. 2) Set the transmit power level of the RSU to its maximum possible operational value. 3) Set the modulation index of the RSU to its minimum adjustable value within the allowed range. 4) Set the RSU to the mode, ...
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8.1.3 Conducted measurements
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) The output of the RSU transmitter shall be connected to the RD. 2) Set the transmit power of the RSU to its maximum possible operational value. 3) Set the modulation index of the RSU to its minimum adjustable value within the allowed range. 4) Set the RSU to the mode, where it...
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8.2 Intermodulation immunity
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8.2.1 General
Independent of the environmental profile declared by the provider, this test shall be performed only under normal test conditions defined in clause 4.2.2. This test shall be performed with radiated measurements. Basic requirements and guidelines for measurements are provided in Annex A. Parameter descriptions and limit...
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8.2.2 Radiated measurements
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Set up the measurement arrangement as detailed in clause A.6.6.2. 2) Set the RSU to the mode that it transmits an unmodulated carrier. 3) Set the RSU output power to its maximum allowed value. 4) Set the modulation index to any convenient value if it is adjustable. 5) Set the ...
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9 Testing of On Board Unit
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9.1 Upper power limit for communication
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9.1.1 General
This test shall be performed either with radiated or conducted measurements. Basic requirements and guidelines for measurements are provided in Annex A. Parameter descriptions and limits are provided in clause 7.2.1. The description below assumes that a RSU is used to transmit down-link signals and to receive up-link s...
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9.1.2 Radiated measurements
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Prepare the test site according to clause A.6.5.2. 2) Set the SMS1 such that it continuously transmits test signal TS1 as specified in table A.1 in clause A.2. 3) Set the carrier frequency fTx of SMS1 defined for channel 1 according to table 2 and clause 6.6. 4) Set the modula...
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9.1.3 Conducted measurements
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Prepare the test site according to clause A.5.4.2. 2) Set the SMS1 such that it continuously transmits test signal TS1 as specified in table A.1 in clause A.2. 3) Set the carrier frequency fTx of SMS1 defined for channel 1 according to table 2 and clause 6.6. 4) Set the modula...
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9.2 Cut-off power level
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9.2.1 General
This test shall be performed either with radiated or conducted measurements. Basic requirements and guidelines for measurements are provided in Annex A. Parameter descriptions and limits are provided in clause 7.2.2. The description below assumes that an RSU is used to receive up-link signals and to generate down-link ...
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9.2.2 Radiated measurements
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Prepare the test site according to clause A.6.5.2. 2) Set the SMS1 such that it continuously transmits test message TM1 as specified in table A.1 in clause A.2, i.e. it invites the OBU for initialization by sending BSTs. 3) Set the carrier frequency fTx of SMS1 defined for cha...
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9.2.3 Conducted measurements
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Prepare the test site according to clause A.5.4.2. 2) Set the SMS1 such that it continuously transmits test message TM1 as specified in table A.1 in clause A.2, i.e. invites the OBU for initialization by sending BSTs. 3) Set the carrier frequency fTx of SMS1 defined for channe...
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9.3 Conversion gain
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9.3.1 General
This test shall be performed either with radiated or conducted measurements. Basic requirements and guidelines for measurements are provided in Annex A. Parameter descriptions and limits are provided in clause 7.2.3. ETSI ETSI TS 104 022 V1.1.1 (2024-06) 23
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9.3.2 Radiated measurement
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Prepare the test site according to clause A.6.5.1. The initial alignment of the OBU as needed in step 4 shall be according to M0 in figure 1, i.e.: the bore sight of the OBU antenna shall point towards the phase centre of the TA. 2) Switch on the MSS1, tune its frequency to th...
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9.3.3 Conducted measurement
The test procedure shall be as follows: 1) Prepare the test site according to clause A.5.4.1. The gain of the OBU's receive and transmit antenna for the initial alignment of the OBU as needed in step 4 is assumed to be according to direction M0 in figure 1. 2) Tune the frequency of the MSS1's output signal to the carri...
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1 Scope
The present document describes the general guidance on Optical Distribution Network (ODN) quick construction and digitalization. The digitalized Quick ODN enables the carriers to improve the fibre deployment efficiency, achieve digital resource management, and consequently improve the operation and management efficienc...
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2 References
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2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which a...
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2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks i...
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3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply: Digitalized quick Optical Distribution Network (ODN): digitalized quick ODN is a methodology that uses physical labels or optical path labels to uniquely identify ODN passive devices to enable the implementation of intelligent management functions suc...
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3.2 Symbols
Void.
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: CO Central Office EMS Element Management System FAT Fibre Access Terminal LC FDB Fibre Distribution Box GIS Geographic Information System ODN Optical Distribution Network OLT Optical Line Terminal ONT Optical Network Terminal ONU Optical Netwo...
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4 Composition of Digitalized Quick ODN
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4.1 General
During the entire lifecycle including planning, construction, acceptance, operation, and maintenance, by adopting new technologies such as digitalization and artificial intelligence, digitalized Quick ODN can build an intelligent ODN management mechanism to implement highly automatic and self-calibrated resource manage...
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4.2 Position in the Access Network
As figure 4-1 shows, the Digitalized Quick ODN system connects the OLT and ONU through the digital ODN hardware, connects to the carrier's Operation Support System (OSS) upwards (including the resource management system and fault management system), and collects optical path information from the ODN network downwards, ...
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4.3 Composition Reference Model
The Digitalized Quick ODN system consists of Physical label, Digitalized Quick ODN devices, Intelligent optical path analysis equipment, Intelligent management terminal and Intelligent management system. They can interconnect with a third-party Operations Support System (OSS). Figure 4-2 shows the composition reference...
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4.4 Functional Entity
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4.4.1 Physical label
Labels used to identify Digitalized Quick ODN devices features, such as QR codes and RFID, generally used on the surface of optical splitters, patch cords, pigtails, or terminals (including closures, FAT, FDB, etc.). 4.4.2 Digitalized Quick ODN devices ODN devices with digital functions, including optical splitter, opt...
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5 General requirements on physical label
The general requirements of physical label are as following: a) The number information carried by the physical label shall be unique. b) The information carried by the physical label shall be readable. c) The physical label shall be firmly attached to the associated devices, such as fibre connectors, cables or terminal...
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6.1 Structure
Traditional ODN links, ODN system without Digital function, can use either a one-stage or a two-stage equal-ratio optical networking structure. Two-stage equal-ratio optical network is recommended for scenarios with high user density, while unequal-ratio optical networking structure is recommended for scenarios with lo...
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9.2 Topology restoration for passive optical network
The Digitalized Quick ODN shall provide topology restoration function. A topology restoration achieves ODN dumb resources inventory management and improve resource report accuracy. It supports planning and design of new ODN network construction or stock expansion and construction acceptance. To realize logical topology...
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9.3 Quality monitoring of passive optical network
The digitalized quick ODN shall provide ODN network quality monitoring function, support self-defined periodic automatic ODN network quality diagnosis, actively initiate optical network optimization and fault diagnosis. To realize above functions, the general requirements of intelligent management system are the follow...
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9.4 Fault diagnosis of passive optical network
The Digitalized Quick ODN shall provide ODN network fault diagnosis function, supports initiating fault diagnosis of specific PON port network in case of sudden ODN network fault, guides fast demarcation, fast search for optical network fault location and fast repair, so as to provide high-quality network services. To ...
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1 Scope
The present document specifies each algorithm in the suite of authentication and key management algorithms TAA2, each designed to meet the requirements set out in the requirements specification [i.1].
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2 References
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2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which a...
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2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks i...
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3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply: Cipher Key (CK): value used to determine the transformation of plain text to cipher text in a cryptographic algorithm ETSI ETSI TS 104 053-4 V1.1.1 (2024-07) 7 Encryption Cipher Key (ECK): cipher key used as input to the encryption algorithm where an ...
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3.2 Symbols
Void.
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: CCK-id CCK identifier CCKX eXtended Common Cipher Key CK Cipher Key CKX eXtended Cipher Key DCK Derived Cipher Key NOTE: DCK1 and DCK2 are components of the Derived Cipher Key. DCKX eXtended Derived Cipher Key ECK Encryption Cipher Key GCK Gro...
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4 Introduction
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4.0 General
The set of algorithms TAA2 described in the present document are the associated algorithms used for providing TETRA air interface authentication and key management as specified in detail by ETSI TS 100-392-7 [1]. The present document is organized as follows. Notations and definitions for TAA2 are covered in clauses 4.1...
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4.1 Notation and Definitions
The inputs and outputs of the TAA2 algorithms are always sequences of bits. A Boolean value is represented by single bit, with 0 denoting False and 1 denoting True. The notation A || B has been used to denote concatenation of two sequences of bits A and B, meaning a sequence of bits consisting of the bits of sequence A...
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5 Specifications
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5.1 TA13
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5.1.1 Inputs and Outputs
• Input 1: K2, a sequence of bits of length 256 • Input 2: RS, a sequence of bits of length 80 • Output 1: KS, a sequence of bits of length 128 • Output 2: KS', a sequence of bits of length 128