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6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.4.1.6 TrCH multiplexing | Every 10 ms, one radio frame from each TrCH is delivered to the TrCH multiplexing. These radio frames are serially multiplexed into a coded composite transport channel (CCTrCH). |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.4.1.7 Insertion of discontinuous transmission (DTX) indication bits | In the downlink, DTX is used to fill up the radio frame with bits. The insertion point of DTX indication bits depends on whether fixed or flexible positions of the TrCHs in the radio frame are used. It is up to the UTRAN to decide for each CCTrCH whether fixed or flexible positions are used during the connection. DTX i... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.4.1.8 Outer coding/interleaving | The current assumption for the outer Reed Salomon coding is a rate 4/5 code over the 28-ary symbol alphabet. After outer Reed Salomon coding, symbol-wise inter-frame block interleaving is applied. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.4.1.9 Rate matching | After channel coding and service multiplexing, the total bit rate is almost arbitrary. The rate matching matches this rate to the limited set of possible bit rates of a Dedicated Physical Data Channel. Rate matching means that bits on a transport channel are repeated or punctured. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5 Radio Resource Functions | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.1 Initial spot search | During the initial satellite spot search, the UE searches for and determines the long code and frame synchronization of the spot to which it has the lowest path loss. This is carried out in three steps. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.1.1 Step 1: Slot synchronization | During the first step of the initial spot search procedure, the UE uses the primary synchronization channel to acquire slot synchronization to the strongest spot. This is done with a matched filter matched to the primary synchronization code cp common to all spots. The output of the matched filter, accumulated over a s... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.1.2 Step 2: Frame synchronization and code-group identification | During the next step of the initial spot search procedure, the UE uses the secondary synchronization channel to find frame synchronization and identify the code group of the spot found in the first step. This is done by correlating the received signal at the position of the secondary synchronization codes with all poss... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.1.3 Step 3: Scrambling-code identification | During the last step of the initial spot search procedure, the UE determines the exact primary scrambling code used by the found spot. The primary scrambling code is identified through symbol-by-symbol correlation over the CPICH with all scrambling codes within the code group identified in the second step. After the sc... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2 Random Access procedure | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2.1 3GPP inherited procedure | Before making a Random Access attempt, UEs: • Acquire chip and frame synchronization to the target spot (initial spot search). • Acquire information about what Random Access (preamble) codes are available in the spot from the BCCH. • Estimate the uplink path-loss from measurements of the received spot power and use thi... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2.2 Adaptation to satellite environment | Random access parameters broadcast over BCH are: • available access slots map; • list of available signatures; • minimum delay between 2 preambles transmission; • acknowledgement reception delay; • delay between preamble and message transmissions; • maximum number of preamble repetitions; • parameters for PRACH transmi... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2.2.1 Transmit power | One shot acquisition is commonly used in satellite environment. 3GPP W-CDMA radio interface eases one shot acquisition activation thanks to PRACH radio access parameters broadcast over BCH. Radio access network can configure PRACH access parameters to relevant values in order to set initial preamble transmit power to m... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2.2.2 Power ramp up procedure | The power ramp up procedure can be easily adapted to satellite environment by configuring properly the maximum number preamble repetition UEs are allowed (configuration parameter broadcast over BCH). Configuration is done at the gateway (RNC). |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2.2.3 Preamble collisions | A particular attention must be set to timing synchronization relative to access slots, due to the spot size in a satellite environment. Time reference is broadcast by satellite and is received at UEs with a delay which is depending on their position in the spot coverage. Each UE synchronizes its time clock to the one r... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2.2.4 AICH | 3GPP standards set preamble-to-AI distance τp-a in relation with terrestrial propagation delays, which is restricted to 2 values: 7 680 chips and 12 800 chips (2 ms and 3,33 ms) . This does not fit with satellite channel latency. Thus it is required to adapt UE AICH reception window in order to cope with satellite prop... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.2.2.5 Message part reception | When gateway has sent positive acknowledgement over AICH, it must prepare RACH message part reception after a delay compatible with satellite channel latency. The reception delay is satellite constellation dependant. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.3 Code allocation | Scrambling and channelization codes are allocated in the same manner than TS 125 213 [15]. When IMRs are deployed, IMR downlink scrambling codes are allocated according to two strategies: • "Multi-path mode": a unique scrambling code for the whole spot coverage, i.e. the same scrambling code is used for MSS satellite a... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.4 Void | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5 Power control | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.1 Open-loop power control | Open-loop power control is used to adjust the transmit power of the physical Random-Access channel. Before the transmission of a Random-Access frame, the UE should measure the received power of the downlink Primary Common Control Physical Channel over a sufficiently long time to remove any effect of the non-reciprocal ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.2 Layer 1 closed loop power control | Layer 1 closed loop power control similar to 3GPP may be envisaged, i.e. generating one Transmit Power Control command per slot. Nevertheless, due to satellite channel latency, 3GPP layer 1 closed loop power control is to be adapted. The delay to reach the receiver is in the range of 240 ms for GSO satellite, i.e. if a... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.2.1 Number of TPC commands per frame | Due to propagation delay inherent to satellite systems, it is recommended to reduce the number of TPC commands per frame in order to avoid over-sampling and loop instabilities. TS 125 214 [16] defines the parameter DPC_MODE, controlled by RRC in the link establishment setup message. It allows to configure the radio lin... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.2.2 Mechanization of the inner and outer loop | Performances were evaluated for LEO constellation. See [42]. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.2.3 Layer 1 closed loop power control inhibition | Layer 1 closed loop power control inhibition is done via radio link configuration. 5.5.5.2.3.1 Uplink The gateway (RNC/RRC) configures radio link with 3GPP algorithm 2 [16], i.e. UE processes received TPC commands on a 5-slot cycle. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 47 As specified in [16], the value of TPC_cmd is ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.3 Uplink Slow closed loop power control | Uplink slow closed loop power control is operated at layer 3 level (RRC). |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.3.1 Initial transmit power | At DCH establishment, UE DPCCH initial transmit power is calculated as: DPCCH_Initial_power = DPCCH_Power_offset - CPICH_RSCP CPICH RSCP is measured by the UE. DPCCH Power offset is configured by RAN and sent to UE in the CHANNEL SETUP message at dedicated channel establishment. Gateway (RNC) is able to control DPCCH i... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.3.2 Transmit power reconfiguration | After DCH establishment, UE transmit power is controlled by the gateway based on uplink reception quality measurements and UE measurement reports. Upon decision to modify uplink transmit power, the gateway initiates a physical channel reconfiguration, keeping unchanged all the radio link parameters excepted transmit po... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.4 Downlink Slow closed loop power control | Downlink slow closed loop power control is operated at layer 3 level (RRC). |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.4.1 Initial transmit power | Initial satellite transmit power is calculated with the CPICH RSCP measurement report transmitted by UE to the gateway in the connection request message. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.5.4.2 Transmit power adjustment | The gateway adjusts satellite downlink transmission power based on USRA Carrier RSSI and quality measurement UE reports and on uplink quality measurements. The UE measurement report quantities are configured by the gateway at channel establishment. The ones used for downlink slow closed power control are: • USRA Carrie... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.6 Handover | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.6.1 Intra-frequency handover | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.6.1.1 Soft handover | Soft handover is applicable in case of either: • Intra-satellite spots coverage overlapping (single satellite system). • Inter-satellite spots coverage overlapping (multi satellites system). When in active mode, the UE continuously searches for new spots on the current carrier frequency. This spot search is carried out... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.6.1.2 Softer handover | Softer handover is the special case of a soft handover between sectors/spots belonging to the same gateway (Node B) site. Conceptually, a softer handover is initiated and executed in the same way as an ordinary soft handover. The main differences are on the implementation level within the network. For softer handover, ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.6.2 Inter-frequency handover | In W-CDMA the vast majority of handovers are within one carrier frequency, i.e. intra-frequency handover. Inter-frequency handover may typically occur in the following situations: • Handover between spots to which different number of carriers have been allocated, e.g. due to different capacity requirements (hot-spot sc... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.6.2.1 Dual-receiver | For a UE with receiver diversity, there is a possibility for one of the receiver branches to temporarily be reallocated from diversity reception and instead carry out reception on a different carrier. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 50 |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.6.2.2 Slotted downlink transmission | With slotted downlink transmission, it is possible for a single-receiver UE to carry out measurements on other frequencies without affecting the ordinary data flow. When in slotted mode, the information normally transmitted during a 10 ms frame is compressed in time, either by code puncturing or by reducing the spreadi... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.5.7 Spot Selection Transmit Diversity | Spot Selection Transmit Diversity (SSTD) is a macro diversity method operable in soft handover mode. It is activated/deactivated by RRC signalling. The UE selects one of the spots from its active set to be "primary", all other spots are classed as "non primary". UE periodically reports measurements to the gateway it is... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.6 W-CDMA Packet Access | Due to the varying characteristics of packet data traffic in terms of packet size and packet intensity, a dual-mode packet-transmission scheme is used for W-CDMA. With this scheme, packet transmission can either take place on a common fixed-rate channel or on a dedicated channel. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.6.1 Common-channel packet transmission | In this mode, an uplink packet is appended directly to a Random-Access burst. Common-channel packet transmission is typically used for short infrequent packets, where the link maintenance needed for a dedicated channel would lead to unacceptable overhead. Also the delay associated with a transfer to a dedicated channel... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.6.2 Dedicated-channel packet transmission | In this mode, an initial Random-Access request is used to set up a dedicated channel for the packet transmission. On this dedicated channel, closed-loop power control is in operation. The dedicated channel can either be set up for the transmission of a single packet or for the transmission of a sequence of packets (mul... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.6.2.1 Single-packet transmission | Single-packet transmission is typically used for the transmission of large infrequent packets. For single-packet transmission on a dedicated channel, the initial Random-Access request includes the amount of data to be transmitted. The network may respond to the access request in two different ways: • With a short ackno... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.6.2.2 Multi-packet transmission | For multi-packet transmission on a dedicated channel an initial Random-Access request is used to set up a dedicated packet channel. On this channel, short packets may be transmitted without any scheduling, similar to the common-channel packet transmission. Larger packets may require that an access request is first sent... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 5.7 Support of TDD | For further release. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6 Performance requirements | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.1 Test environment support | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.1.1 Satellite environments | UEs operate in either LOS or NLOS propagation conditions, i.e. either Rice or Rayleigh propagation channel. Path blockage can be induced by heavy shadowing from hills, trees, bridges and buildings. The car body (vehicular UE configuration) and the head of the user (handset UE configuration) can also have a non-negligib... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.1.2 Intermediate Module Repeater environment | When UEs are on view of IMRs only (no view of the satellite signal), radio environment is terrestrial, i.e. propagation conditions apply as they are specified by TS 125 101 [10]. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.1.3 Combined Satellite and IMR environment | When UEs are on view of both IMRs and satellite signals, IMRs introduce artificial multi-paths. The satellite and IMR paths are to be added to the rake receiver fingers set. Satin project proposed propagation models that apply to combined satellite and IMR environment [39] and [40] for the downlink. They are based on t... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.1.4 Aeronautical environment | Aeronautical environment is derived from [43] for a speed of 800 km/h. Table 6.7: Channel model; Aeronautical; 800 km/h Tap number Relative delay (ns) Average power (dB) Rice factor (dB) Doppler spectrum 1 0 0 14 Rice 2 11 500 -18 - Classic ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 55 |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2 Expected performances | Link level simulations have been run for the test environments described above in order to specify the receiver performance requirements. All the results apply to a Block Error Ratio (BLER) of 10-2. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.1 Performance requirement for RACH | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.1.1 Preamble detection | The requirements are specified for a Probability of false alarm Pfa (false detection of the preamble when the preamble was not sent) less than 10-3 and a probability of detection Pd more than 0,99. Only 1 signature is used and it is known by the receiver. Table 6.8: Ec/No preamble requirement Environment Speed Ec/No fo... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.1.2 Demodulation of RACH message | Table 6.9: RACH requirement for BLER = 10-2 Environment Speed 168 bits , TTI = 20 ms 360 bits, TTI = 20 ms AWGN 0 km/h 6,4 dB 5,9 dB Aeronautic 800 km/h 7,4 dB 6,8 dB S-Case 1 3 km/h 17,5 dB 17,1 dB S-Case 2 3 km/h 13,4 dB 13,1 dB S-Case 3 120 km/h 9 dB 8,3 dB S-Case 4 250 km/h 10,1 dB 9,4 dB S-Case 5 120 km/h 8,9 dB 8... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.2 FACH demodulation requirements | FACH receiver performance requirements specified in TR 102 277 [35] apply. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3 Downlink DCH demodulation requirements | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.1 Summary of test measurement services | Test reference measurement channel for Tests n°1 and 2 are detailed in annex A. They apply to: • Test 1: low data rate services, i.e. GMES data collection, SMS, etc. • Test 2: 3GPP standardized AMR 4,75 kbit/s codec. Reference measurement channels for the test services n° 3 to 6 are extracted from TS 125 101 [10]. Tabl... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.2 Margins | Link level simulations have been run for the test environments and services described above in order to specify the DCH receiver performance requirements. The tables in next clauses include margin in order to take into account effects that are not modelled in simulations (imperfect channel estimation and path search, o... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.3 Demodulation in static conditions | Performance requirements from TS 125 101 [10] and TS 134 121 [28] apply. Table 6.13: DCH requirements in static conditions - Downlink Data rate or c I E DPCH _ t b N E 1,2 kbps -24,9 dB 9,2 dB 4,75 kbps -19,1 dB 9 dB 12,2 kbps -16,5 dB 7,5 dB 64 kbps -12,5 dB 4,3 dB 144 kbps -9,5 dB 3,7 dB 384 kbps -5,3 dB 3,7 dB |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.4 Demodulation in ITU channel model A conditions | The average or c I E DPCH _ power ratio is specified for 2 UE locations: 20 % around spot centre and spot borders. Empty compartments mean the service is not reachable (situations suffering from too high inter-spot interference). Table 6.14: DCH parameters in ITU channel model A conditions Parameter Unit Test 1 Test 2 ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.5 Demodulation in ITU channel model B conditions | The average or c I E DPCH _ power ratio is specified for 2 UE locations: 20 % around spot centre and spot borders. Empty compartments mean the service is not reachable (situations suffering from too high inter-spot interference). Table 6.16: DCH parameters in ITU channel model B conditions Parameter Unit Test 1 Test 2 ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.6 Demodulation in ITU channel model C conditions | The average or c I E DPCH _ power ratio is specified for 2 UE locations: 20 % around spot centre and spot borders. Empty compartments mean the service is not reachable (situations suffering from too high inter-spot interference). Table 6.18: DCH parameters in ITU channel model C conditions Parameter Unit Test 1 Test 2 ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.7 Demodulation in IMR environment conditions (no satellite signal reception) | Performance requirements from TS 125 101 [10] and TS 134 121 [28] apply. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 61 |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.8 Demodulation in combined satellite and IMR environment conditions | Table 6.20: DCH requirements in combined satellite and IMR conditions - Downlink or c I E DPCH _ t b N E Data rate Speed Low power / High power Low power / High power 3 km/h -18,5 dB / -17,9 dB 12,1 dB / 12,8 dB 1,2 kbps 50 km/h -19,5 dB / -19,1 dB 11,1 dB / 11,6 dB 120 km/h -18,7 dB / -18,4 dB 11,9 dB / 12,3 dB 250 km... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.3.9 Demodulation in aeronautical environment | The requirements hereafter are applicable to a velocity of 800 km/h. The average or c I E DPCH _ power ratio is specified for 2 UE locations: 20 % around spot centre and spot borders. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 62 Table 6.22: DCH parameters in ITU channel model C conditions Parameter Unit Test 1 Test 2 Phase... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4 Uplink DCH demodulation requirements | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.1 Summary of test measurement services | The reference measurement channel for the 4 test services is given hereafter [27]: Table 6.24: Reference measurement channels - Uplink Parameter DCH for DTCH/DCCH Unit Information bit rate 1,2/0 4,75/0,75 12,2/2,4 64/2,4 144/2,4 384/2,4 Kbps Physical channel 15/- 30/15 60/15 240/15 480/15 960/15 Kbps Spreading factor 2... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.2 Margins | Performance requirement include margin in order to take into account effects that are not modelled in simulations (imperfect channel estimation and path search, over sampling, number of floating points and all gateway hardware margins). Margins are much lower than for terrestrial Node B equipment due to the fact that s... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.3 Demodulation in static conditions | Unlike terrestrial test conditions for UL 3GPP performance requirements, Rx antenna diversity is not considered for satellite complexity reasons. This together with a different gateway implementation margin is the reason why performance requirement differs from 3GPP for static environment. Table 6.26: DCH requirements ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.4 Demodulation in ITU channel model A conditions | Table 6.27: DCH requirements in ITU channel model A conditions - Uplink 0 N Eb 0 N Eb Data rate Speed LOS / NLOS Data rate Speed LOS / NLOS 3 km/h 9,1 dB / 18 dB 3 km/h 4,5 dB / 16,3 dB 1,2 kbps 50 km/h 9,1 dB / 10,4 dB 64 kbps 50 km/h 4,5 dB / 7,9 dB 120 km/h 9,2 dB / 10,2 dB 120 km/h 4,5 dB / 6,5 dB 250 km/h 9,8 dB /... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.5 Demodulation in ITU channel model B conditions | Table 6.28: DCH requirements in ITU channel model B conditions - Uplink 0 N Eb 0 N Eb Data rate Speed LOS / NLOS Data rate Speed LOS / NLOS 3 km/h 9,2 dB / 17,2 dB 3 km/h 4,8 dB / 15,2 dB 1,2 kbps 50 km/h 9,2 dB / 10,4 dB 64 kbps 50 km/h 4,8 dB / 7,8 dB 120 km/h 9,4 dB / 10,1 dB 120 km/h 4,7 dB / 6,4 dB 250 km/h 10 dB ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.6 Demodulation in ITU channel model C conditions | Table 6.29: DCH requirements in ITU channel model C conditions - Uplink 0 N Eb 0 N Eb Data rate Speed LOS / NLOS Data rate Speed LOS / NLOS 3 km/h 9,8 dB / 15,1 dB 3 km/h 5,7 dB / 13,3 dB 1,2 kbps 50 km/h 10 dB / 10 dB 64 kbps 50 km/h 5,6 dB / 6,9 dB 120 km/h 10 dB / 9,9 dB 120 km/h 5,6 dB / 6 dB 250 km/h 10,6 dB / 11,... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.7 Demodulation in IMR environment conditions (no satellite signal reception) | In case IMRs are equipped with Rx antenna diversity, performance requirements from TS 125 141 [27] apply. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.8 Demodulation in combined satellite and IMR environment conditions | In case IMRs are equipped with Rx antenna diversity, signal path from satellite becomes negligible and performance requirements from TS 125 141 [27] apply. Otherwise, performance requirements specified hereafter apply. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 65 Table 6.30: DCH requirements in combined satellite and IMR c... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.4.9 Demodulation in aeronautical environment | Table 6.32: DCH requirements in aeronautical environment - Uplink Data rate 0 N Eb 1,2 kbps 11,6 dB 4,75 kbps 8,5 dB 12,2 kbps 7,9 dB 64 kbps 4,4 dB 144 kbps 3,9 dB 384 kbps 3,7 dB |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5 Demodulation requirements synthesis | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.1 Propagation Link Margin | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.1.1 Satellite signal LOS view | In case UE is in ITU satellite models with LOS view of the satellite signal, simulation results show required propagation link margin is homogeneous all the test services. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 66 Table 6.33: Maximum Propagation Link Margin; LOS ITU models Service type Downlink Uplink ITU Model A (rural... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.1.2 Satellite signal NLOS view | When UEs are not in LOS view of the satellite signal, the required link margin becomes more critical, particularly for UEs at low speed (3 km/h), and is test service data rate dependent. Link margins are defined for two types of system deployment: satellite only (NLOS) and combined satellite/IMRs. Table 6.34: Maximum P... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.2 Increasing interleaving depth | Required Eb/Nt, and thus average or c I E DPCH _ power ratio, can be decreased by increasing interleaving depth. One drawback of increasing interleaving depth is that this requires increasing UE memory size for buffering frames. This could be sensible for high data rate services (384 kbps). Simulations have been run wi... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.2.1 Downlink | The maximum required link margin and the reduction of the required link margin to be compared to the test cases are depicted in table 6.35. Table 6.35: Link margin gain with interleaving depth 4 and 8; Downlink TTI = 40ms TTI = 80 ms Service type Link margin Margin gain Link margin Margin gain Data 64 kbps 11,9 dB 2,3 ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.2.2 Uplink | The maximum required link margin and the reduction of the required link margin to be compared to the test cases are depicted in table 6.36. Table 6.36: Link margin gain with interleaving depth 8; Uplink TTI = 80 ms Service type Link margin Margin gain Data 64 kbps 8 dB 4,3 dB Data 144 kbps 7,7 dB 4,6 dB Data 384 kbps 1... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.3 Spatial diversity | Reception quality can be improved with two kinds of spatial diversity: UE antenna diversity and satellite diversity. NOTE: Satellite antenna diversity is not considered for satellite implementation complexity reasons. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.3.1 UE antenna diversity | UE may be equipped with two antennas. Simulation results show a reduction of the required link margin regarding the propagation channel as depicted in table 6.37. Table 6.37: Link margin reduction; UE antenna diversity Link margin reduction (dB) Propagation channel Downlink Uplink AWGN 3 2,8 Case 1, S-Case 1 7 6,4 Case... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.3.2 Satellite diversity | Satellite diversity can be provided when the system is built with several satellites. Advantages are: • reduce IMRs deployment; • solve path blockage problem inherent to satellite systems; • reduce required link margin for situations where satellite signal is strongly attenuated (but not completely obstructed); • ease ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.4 Slow Power Control performance | Slow Power Control performance has been evaluated for radio links suffering from slow sinusoidal fading (2 Hz, 10 dB peak to peak attenuation) as well as brutal signal obstruction (10 dB signal attenuation), this channel attenuation being superimposed to either AWGN or ITU A fading. The required Rx Eb/No for reaching a... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.4.1 Uplink Slow Power Control | The required Rx Eb/No for reaching a BLER of 1 %, both in absence and presence of slow power control, is: Table 6.38: Slow Power Control Rx Eb/No - Uplink Data rate AWGN+ Slow fading ITU A + Slow fading AWGN + Signal obstruction ITU A + Signal obstruction 12,2 kbps No Power Ctrl 12,8 dB 13,7 dB 12,0 dB 13,6 dB Slow Pow... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.4.2 Downlink Slow Power Control | The required Rx Eb/No for reaching a BLER of 1 %, both in absence and presence of slow power control, is: Table 6.39: Slow Power Control Rx Eb/No - Downlink Data rate AWGN+ Slow fading ITU A + Slow fading AWGN + Signal obstruction ITU A + Signal obstruction 12,2 kbps No Power Ctrl 13,3 14,2 10,5 12,0 Slow Power Ctrl 8,... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.5.5 Multi User Detection | Multi User Detection (MUD) can be envisaged for decreasing Eb/Nt. In the uplink direction, MUD improvement is estimated to around 2,8 dB. For the downlink direction, UE complexity impact and improvement are under evaluation. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 78 |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.2.6 Acquisition efficiency | Performance of initial spot synchronization was evaluated for several radio environments [37],[38]. They are resumed hereafter: 1,E-04 1,E-03 1,E-02 1,E-01 1,E+00 -33 -32 -31 -30 -29 -28 -27 Ec/(No+Io) [dB] False Acquisition Probability AWGN Rayleigh - 50 km/h Rice 5dB - 50 km/h Rice 15dB - 50 km/h VehicularMP - 50 km/... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.3 Satellite transmitter characteristics | Satellite transmission in the downlink MSS band is constrained by necessity to limit interference to terrestrial UMTS. It is assumed that the main constraint will be due to the protection of the reception by IMT-2000 UEs, in the lower adjacent terrestrial channel. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 80 For a 74 dBW s... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.4 UE characteristics | Terrestrial 3GPP UE are to be upgraded, their radio implementation must be upgraded for frequency agility to MSS bands. The UE RF performances are: Table 6.41: 3GPP Class 3 UE RF performance Receive frequency (MHz) 2 170-2 200 Transmit frequency (MHz) 1 980-2 010 Receive/Transmit polarization Linear Noise figure 9 dB R... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 6.5 IMR characteristics | Table 6.42: IMR power characteristics Coverage area (°) Up to 360° (i.e. 120° per sector) IMR classes Wide area repeaters for macro-cell application Medium range repeaters for micro-cell Local area repeaters for pico-cell Assumed height of IMRs (m) 30 6 6 Maximum output power (dBm) 43 30 24 Maximum Antenna gain (Tx) (d... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 7 System capacity | System capacity is firstly presented for static environment (AWGN channel), then for mobile environment and indoor penetration. Improvement thanks to IMRs deployment is also quantified for the downlink direction. Detailed link budgets are given in annex C. |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 7.1 Downlink | On-board power consumption is indicated in order to highlight situations when spot capacity is not transmit power limited but interference limited. ETSI ETSI TR 102 058 V1.1.1 (2004-11) 83 |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 7.1.1 Static environment | |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 7.1.1.1 Data service 1,2 kbps | Table 7.1: System capacity; Speech 4,75 kbps; Downlink Data rate (kbps) Capacity/ carrier/ spot Nb traffic codes/spot/ carrier Nb 2ndary Scrambling codes/spot/ carrier Spectrum efficiency as ITU Power efficiency as ITU On board Power consumption 1,2 (Mbps) (bit/s/Hz) (W) Handset Max (40°) 0,865 721 1 0,18 12,18 % 199 A... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 7.1.1.2 Speech service 4,75 kbps | Table 7.2: System capacity; Speech 4,75 kbps; Downlink Data rate (kbps) Capacity/ carrier/ spot Nb traffic codes/spot/ carrier Nb 2ndary Scrambling codes/spot/ carrier Spectrum efficiency as ITU Power efficiency as ITU On board Power consumption 4,75 (Mbps) (bit/s/Hz) (W) Handset Max (40°) 1,140 480 1 0,24 12,47 % 199 ... |
6cb5aad8e163723efe03239dba0e6403 | 102 058 | 7.1.1.3 Speech service 12,2 kbps | Table 7.3: System capacity; Speech 12,2 kbps; Downlink Data rate (kbps) Capacity/ carrier/ spot Nb traffic codes/spot/ carrier Nb 2ndary Scrambling codes Spectrum efficiency as ITU Power efficiency as ITU On board Power consumption 12,2 (Mbps) (bit/s/Hz) (W) Handset Max (40°) 1,57 258 2 0,34 18,46 % 200 Average (30°) 1... |
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