hash
stringlengths
32
32
doc_id
stringlengths
7
13
section
stringlengths
3
121
content
stringlengths
0
2.2M
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
3 Definitions and abbreviations
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: carrier selection: process by which a customer can select the carrier to be used for the conveyance of a call beyond the access network NOTE: There are two types of carrier selection: - pre-selection, where the customer's selection is ...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply. ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network LTE Line Terminating Equipment NTP Network Termination Point ONP Open Network Provision ETSI ETSI TR 101 949 V1.1.1 (2002-07) 9 PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy PoI Point of Interconnection QoS Qual...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4 General considerations
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.1 Services covered
The Quality of Service parameters apply for any services provided over digital circuit switched connections, including: - fixed to fixed; - fixed to mobile; - mobile to mobile; - all forms of services with special user tariff arrangements such as freephone, shared cost and premium rate. Interconnection agreements may i...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.2 Components of an interconnection service
Interconnection is regarded as a service that is provided by a "providing" operator to a "requesting" operator with a quality that can be defined in terms of the parameters in the present document. There are several different components of an interconnection service. They include: - provision of the interconnection lin...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.3 Forms of interconnection
The Quality of Service parameters in the present document apply where the form of interconnection uses PDH or SDH transmission provided over optical, radio or electrical transmission media. The parameters define performance at various levels: - switched services; - physical interconnection; - operational and administra...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.4 Interconnection links and circuits
An interconnection link is defined as the transmission path across the PoI between the transmission equipments nearest to the PoI. NOTE: This is intended to be the path that supports the highest transmission rate at the PoI. An E1 interconnection circuit is an E1 transmission path across the PoI between two interconnec...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.5 Responsibility for call delivery and origination
Call delivery and origination interconnection services apply from the point of Interconnection to the distant Network Termination Point. The path from the point of Interconnection to the Network Termination Point may go beyond the network of the providing operator, however the providing operator is responsible for the ...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.6 Practical examples
Figure 7 shows a practical example of a new entrant connected to an incumbent with In Span Interconnection. Interconnection exchange A Interconnection exchange A Interconnection exchange B Interconnection exchange B Interconnection exchange C Interconnection exchange C Incumbent New entrant X New entrant X Mux Mux Mux ...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.7 Reporting
The present documenting procedures and frequency are a matter for agreement between the operators concerned. They are outside the scope of the present document. However it is recommended that reference is made to ITU-T Recommendation E.801 [9] which specifies typical procedures and reporting processes. The parameters h...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
4.8 Data processing issues
Providing operators may prefer to process data on a weekly or monthly basis, discard the detailed data and use a statistical method such as that specified in annex A and B for combining the weekly or monthly results. For several parameters the statistic required is "the time by which the fastest X % is .....". This sta...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5 QoS parameters for interconnection
Table 1 summarizes the QoS parameters in this section. Unless otherwise stated, all statistics should be provided by the providing operator of the relevant interconnection service. Table 1:Summary of narrowband interconnection QoS Parameters Parameter Measure 5.1 Supply time for initial physical interconnection at a si...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.1 Supply time for initial physical interconnection at a site
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.1.1 Definition
The duration from the instant of a valid order being received by the providing operator to the instant when the interconnection is made available to the requesting operator for operational traffic. (i.e. the time when half E1 interconnection circuits can be ordered, see clause 5.2). NOTE: This is primarily the provisio...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.1.2 Measurement and statistics
The following statistics may be provided: a) individual results for each combination of operator and site; and/or b) the times by which the fastest 90 % of interconnections are made available; and/or c) percentage of interconnections completed by the date agreed with the requesting operator. The time should be measured...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.1.3 Comparability
In general the supply time for initial set up does not provide good comparability because it may be influenced by delays that are outside the responsibility of the providing operator (e.g. times for permits, approvals by authorities, delays caused by the requesting operator). In case the agreed date of a valid order fo...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.2.1 Definition
The duration from the instant of a valid order being received by the providing operator to the instant when the additional E1 Interconnection circuits are made available to the requesting operator for operational traffic. A valid order may be made in writing or in any other mutually agreed form. NOTE: Circuits may be o...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.2.2 Measurement and statistics
The statistics shall be measured in terms of orders rather than circuits. The following statistics may be provided: a) the times by which the fastest 90 % of orders for additional capacity are made completed; and/or b) percentage of orders completed by the date agreed with the requesting operator. The time should be me...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.2.3 Comparability
In general the supply time for individual E1 interconnection circuits at a site where interconnection has been set up does not provide good comparability because it may be influenced by delays that are outside the responsibility of the providing operator (e.g. delays caused by the requesting operator). In case the agre...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.2.4 Further considerations
The supply of capacity may be a complex process consisting of forecasting 2-3 years ahead with regular updates to the forecasts. This parameter applies only to firm orders, i.e. orders that are associated with a financial commitment, and excludes forecasting. In some cases, an obligation to supply may apply only where ...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.3.1 Definition
The duration from the instant of a valid order being received by the providing operator to the instant when the carrier selection facility is available for operational traffic. A valid order may be made in writing or in any other mutually agreed form. NOTE: A carrier selection facility may be ordered and made available...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.3.2 Measurement and statistics
The statistics shall be measured in terms of local exchanges from which carrier selection can be used. The following statistics may be provided: a) the times by which the fastest 90 % of local exchanges are made ready for carrier selection; and/or b) percentage of local exchanges where carrier selection is made availab...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.3.3 Comparability
Carrier selection may only be offered by one or a few operators in any given country and so comparability at the national level may not be relevant. Comparability between operators in different countries could be good but could be affected by differences in national arrangements. 5.4 Supply time for a carrier pre-selec...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.4.1 Definition
The duration from the instant of a valid order being received by the providing operator to the instant when the carrier pre-selection facility is available for operational traffic. A valid order may be made in writing or in any other mutually agreed form. NOTE: A carrier pre-selection facility may be ordered and made a...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.4.2 Measurement and statistics
The statistics shall be measured in terms of local exchanges from which carrier selection can be used. The following statistics may be provided: a) the times by which the fastest 90 % of local exchanges are made ready for carrier pre-selection; and/or b) percentage of local exchanges where carrier preselection is made ...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.4.3 Comparability
In general the supply time for a carrier selection facility does not provide good comparability because it may be influenced by delays that are outside the responsibility of the providing operator (e.g. delays caused by the requesting operator). In case the agreed date of a valid order can not be met by the providing o...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.5.1 Definition
The duration from the instant of a valid order being received by the providing operator to the instant when the carrier pre-selection facility is enabled for operational traffic from the customer concerned. A valid order may be made in writing or in any other mutually agreed form.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.5.2 Measurement and statistics
The times by which the fastest 90 % of carrier pre-selection orders are completed may be provided. The time should be measured in elapsed days (including all public holidays, etc.). ETSI ETSI TR 101 949 V1.1.1 (2002-07) 21
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.5.3 Comparability
In general the supply time for customer originated carrier pre-selection requests at a site where pre-selection has been set up does not provide good comparability because it may be influenced by delays that are outside the responsibility of the providing operator (e.g. delays caused by the requesting operator or his c...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.6.1 Definition
The proportion of time that the provider's segment of an E1 interconnection circuit (i.e. the segment from the PoI to the providing operator's end) is available. The provider's segment is XY in figure 9. Mux LTE LTE Mux Switch E1 port Switch E1 port Switch E1 port Transmission network Transmission network E1 Interconne...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.6.2 Measurement and statistics
The average availability of the provider's segments of the E1 interconnection circuits should be provided. This statistic should be calculated as: 1 - tuch/tch The total unavailable circuit hours tuch are calculated according ∑ = = n i ui uch t t 1 , with n as the number of E1 interconnection circuits in operation in t...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.6.3 Comparability
The above statistics provide good comparability between operators in the same or different countries. Such comparisons should be based on as many interconnection arrangements as possible.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.7 Fault rate per E1 interconnection circuit
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.7.1 Definition
A fault is an instance of abnormal operation on an E1 interconnection circuit. Abnormal operation includes both total failure and operational performance below the level specified in the interconnection agreement. NOTE: For these interconnection parameters, faults are defined in terms of achieved performance because it...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.7.2 Measurement and statistics
The number of faults occurring on the provider's segment of an half E1 interconnection circuit during the data collection period should be provided. This statistic should be calculated by dividing the number of faults observed during the data collection period (see clause 4.6) by the average number of interconnection l...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.7.3 Comparability
The above statistics provide good comparability between operators in the same or different countries. Such comparisons should be based on as many interconnection arrangements as possible.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.8 Fault repair time for the E1 interconnection circuits
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.8.1 Definition
The duration from the instant when a fault is detected by the providing operator to the instant when the fault is cleared.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.8.2 Measurement and statistics
The following statistics may be provided: a) the time by which the fastest 80 % and 95 % of valid faults on the provider's segment of an E1 interconnection circuit are repaired (expressed in clock hours); and/or b) the percentage of faults cleared by any time stated as an objective by the service provider.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.8.3 Comparability
In general the fault repair time does not provide good comparability because it may be influenced by delays that are caused by the requesting operator. Cases where: - repair depends upon access to the premises or co-location cages of the requesting operator and this access is not possible at the desired time; or - the ...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
5.8.4 Further considerations
Cases where: - repair depends upon access to the premises of the requesting operator and this access is not possible at the desired time; or - the requesting operator requests a delay may be excluded from the statistics. When calculating the repair time, providing operators who choose to include these cases may subtrac...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6 QoS parameters for call delivery and collection
Table 2 summarizes the QoS parameters in this section. Table 2: Summary of QoS Parameters for call delivery and collection Parameter Measure 6.1 Unsuccessful call ratio for call delivery (termination) applies from provider switch to end of call % of unsuccessful calls 6.2 Unsuccessful call ratio for call collection wit...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.1 Unsuccessful call ratio for call delivery
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.1.1 Definition
Unsuccessful call ratio for call delivery is defined as the ratio of unsuccessful call delivery attempts to the total number of call delivery attempts in a specified time period. An unsuccessful call delivery attempt is a call delivery attempt to a valid number measured at the point of Interconnection, that is deemed a...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.1.2 Measurement and statistics
The following statistics should be provided separately for each interconnection exchange: - the percentage of unsuccessful calls measured at each interconnection exchange to numbers that require the call to pass though the interconnection point. The statistics should be calculated from: - measurements on all real traff...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.1.3 Comparability
The above statistics provide good comparability between operators in the same or different countries. Such comparisons should be based on as many sites as possible.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.2 Unsuccessful call ratio with carrier selection
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.2.1 Definition
Unsuccessful call ratio for call collection is defined as the ratio of unsuccessful calls to the total number of call attempts in a specified time period. An unsuccessful call is a call attempt to a valid number, properly dialled following dial tone, where either: - the call is deemed a failure according to the criteri...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.2.2 Measurement and statistics
The following statistics should be provided separately for an agreed set of local exchanges: - the percentage of unsuccessful calls measured at an agreed set of local exchanges to numbers that will require the call to pass though the interconnection point. The statistics should be calculated from: - measurements on all...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.2.3 Comparability
The above statistics provide good comparability between operators in the same or different countries. Such comparisons should be based on as many sites as possible. ETSI ETSI TR 101 949 V1.1.1 (2002-07) 27
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.3 Blocking at Busy Hour on the interconnection circuit groups
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.3.1 Definition
The probability during the busy hour of a call of a particular interconnection circuit group being lost because the interconnection circuits are full. An interconnection circuit group is all the channels that carry the same type of traffic in the same direction (e.g. call delivery or call collection) between the same t...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.3.2 Measures and Statistics
Measurements should be made separately for each traffic type (e.g. call collection and call delivery). Blocking may be measured using data from the switches or by a calculation using the Erlang formula as explained below. The traffic of a given type should be measured during the Busy Hour. The traffic in Erlangs is the...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
6.3.3 Comparability
The above statistics provide good comparability between operators in the same or different countries. Such comparisons should be based on as many sites as possible. ETSI ETSI TR 101 949 V1.1.1 (2002-07) 28
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7 QoS parameters for other services
Table 3 summarizes the QoS parameters in this clause. Unless otherwise stated, all statistics should be provided by the providing operator of the relevant interconnection service. Table 3: Summary of QoS Parameters for other services Parameter Measure 7.1 Response time for answering fault reporting line Mean time to an...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.1 Response times for answering fault reporting line
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.1.1 Definition
The duration from the instant when the address information required for setting up a call is received by the network (e.g. recognized on the requesting provider's line) to the instant the human operator answers the calling party to provide the service requested. Services provided wholly automatically, e.g. by voice res...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.1.2 Measurement and statistics
The following statistics should be provided: - mean time to answer; and - percentage of calls answered within 20 seconds. NOTE: The first statistic gives the more comparable measure of overall performance, and the second statistic indicates the proportion of calls where the waiting time is unacceptably long. The percen...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.1.3 Comparability
In general this parameter does not provide good comparability because the access arrangements for call centres may be different between different operators. ETSI ETSI TR 101 949 V1.1.1 (2002-07) 29
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.2 Billing queries
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.2.1 Definition
The proportion of bills that are queried by the requesting operator.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.2.2 Measurement and statistics
The percentage of bills that are queried should be provided. Statistics should include all billing queries received in the present documenting period, regardless of whether or not the bills are amended and regardless of the dates of calls or any other occurrences that are the subject of the queries. NOTE: Where there a...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.2.3 Comparability
In general this parameter does not provide good comparability because the billing arrangements may be different between different operators.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.3 Billing amendments
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.3.1 Definition
The proportion of bills that are amended by the providing operator either on their own initiative or as a result of a billing query. Amendments that are caused solely by backdated changes to interconnection charges required by regulators are excluded. NOTE: In some cases most billing amendments are caused by these back...
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.3.2 Measurement and statistics
The percentage of bills that are amended should be provided. Statistics should include all bills amended received in the present documenting period, regardless of the dates of calls or any other occurrences that are the subject of the amendments.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.3.3 Comparability
In general this parameter provides good comparability.
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.4 Time to confirm that a number can or cannot be ported
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.4.1 Definition
The time from the donor operator receiving a request for a number to be ported to the time when confirmation is sent that the number can or cannot be ported. ETSI ETSI TR 101 949 V1.1.1 (2002-07) 30
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.4.2 Measurement and statistics
The following statistics may be provided: a) the times by which the fastest 90 % of order confirmations are sent; and/or b) percentage of confirmations sent by within an agreed time window. The time should be measured in elapsed hours (including nights, weekends and all public holidays etc).
767541c163bc5b383444a270d82360d2
101 949
7.4.3 Comparability
In general this parameter does not provide good comparability because the checks on whether a number can be ported may be different between different operators and may be subject to national regulatory requirements or codes. ETSI ETSI TR 101 949 V1.1.1 (2002-07) 31 Annex A: Combination of weekly or monthly results Mean...
3497ed05a95495e99ada0ce8c2ce8d3e
102 008
1 Scope
The present document specifies the definition the definition of terms to be adopted for all deliverables contained in TIPHON Release 3.
3497ed05a95495e99ada0ce8c2ce8d3e
102 008
2 References
For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR) the following references apply: [1] ITU-T Recommendation Q.931: "ISDN user-network interface layer 3 specification for basic call control". [2] ITU-T Recommendation E.164: "The international public telecommunication numbering plan". [3] ITU-T Recommendation G.100: "Definit...
3497ed05a95495e99ada0ce8c2ce8d3e
102 008
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3497ed05a95495e99ada0ce8c2ce8d3e
102 008
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: access provider: provides a user of some network with access from the user's terminal to that network accounting: process of collecting the call information data for purposes of attributing costs between service providers or network op...
3497ed05a95495e99ada0ce8c2ce8d3e
102 008
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: GK GateKeeper GSM General System for Mobile communications IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IEPS International Emergency Preference Scheme ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ITAD IP Telephony Administartive Domain IUT Implementat...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
1 Scope
The present document gives an introduction to number portability and an overview of the current way in which number portability is being implemented in various countries. The objective of the present document is to inform the designers of Tiphon equipment and the implementers of Tiphon networks about: - the various req...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. • References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non- specific. • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. • F...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
3 Definitions and abbreviations
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply. donor network: initial network where a number was allocated by the numbering plan administration before ever being ported. network routeing number: number that is derived and used by the network to route the call towards a ported numbe...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ACQ All Call Query FCC Federal Communications Commission (US) IN Intelligent Network ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISUP ISDN User Part NOA Nature Of Address PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network QoR Query on Release SCN Switched Ci...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4 Introductory overview
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.1 Types of number portability
Number portability is the ability for a customer to keep his directory number when changing his telecom network connection. Three types of number portability are often distinguished: ETSI ETSI TR 101 858 V1.1.1 (2000-09) 7 • Operator portability - where a customer changes network provider (without changing location) an...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.2 National strategies
Many countries develop a national strategy on number portability. This strategy consists (ideally) of: - A statement of the scope and requirements for number portability; - Routeing rules and rules for the exchange of information; - Charging rules; - A definition of the role of an independent third party e.g. the opera...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.3 Consumer protection principles
Although competitive considerations often become dominant, the basic motive for introducing number portability is customer benefit. To ensure continuing consumer protection, most regulators have followed two basic principles: - Callers should not face unexpected charges. This means that number portability should not re...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.4 Main applications of number portability
In practice there are three main applications for number portability: • Geographic number portability refers to portability in the fixed geographic networks - the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). It is primarily concerned at present with operator portability, but ...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.5 Number portability and personal numbering
Number portability is sometimes confused with the concept of "personal numbering" (a general description that includes the Universal Personal Telecommunications service). Personal number services enable users to register their presence at any terminal on any network. Once registered, the customer can make and receive c...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.6 Number allocation
The method of number allocation interacts with the solution for number portability. For fixed services, numbers are currently normally allocated in blocks to each network operator and the operator allocates the individual numbers to the subscriber. With competing operators, allocations of blocks are normally made withi...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.7 Number portability in Europe and the USA
Number portability has been seen in Europe and the USA primarily as a stimulus to competition and the emphasis has been on operator portability. The European Commission has addressed number portability in: - the November 1996 Green Paper on a Numbering Policy - the Interconnection Directive (97/33/EC [7]) followed by a...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
4.8 Standardization
ETSI has developed several documents on number portability. TR 101 119: "Network Aspects (NA); High level description of number portability". TR 101 122: "Network Aspects (NA); Numbering and addressing for Number Portability". TR 101 118: "Network Aspects (NA); High level network architecture and solutions to support n...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
5 Technical solutions for fixed number portability
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
5.1 Introduction
The technical solutions to implement number portability can be characterized by: 1) which network determines that a call is to a ported number, and which network derives the routeing information to route the call towards the ported number (this may or may not be the same network); 2) what the derived routeing informati...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
5.2 Which network determines that a number is ported
In SCNs, this operation is normally carried out in one of the following ways: • All Call Query(ACQ) – the originating (or transit) network examines calls to all numbers, uses a database to determine which numbers are ported, and derives a routeing number to route the call towards the recipient network. It should be not...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
5.3 What the routeing information identifies
After a network has determined that the called number is ported, the information passed forward with the call determines the routeing capabilities needed in any transit networks and in the recipient local network. Table 3 shows the options for the information sent with a call that is known to be to a ported number and ...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
5.4 How the routeing information is carried
There are four main options for the form of the routeing information in SCNs: • a prefix to the directory number using spare number ranges; • a prefix with the C7 Nature of Address (NOA) field modified; • the directory number is pushed to a separate parameter (the Called Directory Number parameter), the NOA modified, a...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
5.5 Implementation Techniques used in various countries
The following is a list of examples: 1) The UK uses onward routeing, with a routeing number that identifies the recipient concentrator provided from the switch processor and carried as a prefix, with the format 5xxxxx. Dropback is used by the incumbent in some parts of its own network. 2) France uses onward routeing, a...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
6 Application to Tiphon
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
6.1 Introduction
Tiphon networks differ from SCNs in that they have no separate switches. The signalling systems used by the SCNs (e.g. ISUP) are supported at the gateways to the SCNs but a separate protocol is used within the Tiphon network. This may be H.323 or SIP. A Tiphon network needs to satisfy the number portability requirement...
050a1ee5cb4899adf18a98ec80d78a34
101 858
6.2 Originating network
The TIPHON network as an originating network is shown in Figure 1. Donor Network Recipient Network Originating Network - TIPHON Possible Transit Network(s) a b b c Call path a-b - onward routeing Call path a-(release)-c - QoR/dropback Call path c - ACQ Figure 1 Once again, the requirements placed on the TIPHON network ...