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e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.2 Resource element frequency | The frequency of a resource element in a DLB frame is defined by a carrier number, which is then mapped to a transmission frequency. The carrier number of the resource element n shall be derived from BSSHF_CRC, as follows: C, n = ⌊ %&' ∗BSSHF_CRC(n)/2( ⌋, n ∈,0,1,2, … , N,, # −1- where: • # is the number of availa... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.3 Resource element time | The transmission time of REs in a DLB frame is derived from the 16-bit unsigned integer number BSSHT_CRC. For resource element , which denotes element = modulo 36 within its physical resource block, the time offset shall be generated in three steps. First step: It shall evaluate r(n), as follows: n = ⌊BSSHT... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.4 Introduction to mapping of radio-bursts onto DLB frame resource elements | As stated in clause 4.7.2.15.1, a DLB frame is divided into a sequence of , resource elements named , ℎ ∈ 0, 1, … , 1!; each 36 consecutive resource elements form a physical resource block. In the following the mapping of radio-bursts to resource elements is described in detail. The notation ""#, $%&, ... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.5 Sync_Frame mapping for 25kHz and 100kHz channels | In 25 kHz and 100 kHz channels, the Sync_Frame is transmitted at the beginning of DLB frames with a specific time and frequency pattern (see Figure 4-41). Figure 4-41: Specific time&frequency pattern of Sync_Frame radio-bursts with BCH = 25 kHz The three radio-bursts of a Sync-frame shall be numbered 0, 1, and 2. 260 s... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.6 Sync_Frame mapping for 750 kHz channels | Reserved for further description. |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.7 Sync Data frame mapping for 25 kHz and 100 kHz channels | In 25 kHz and 100 kHz channels, the sync data frame is transmitted directly after the Sync_Frame (clauses 4.7.6.2.5 and 4.7.6.2.6) with a specific time and frequency pattern (see Figure 4-42). ETSI ETSI TS 103 357-2 V2.1.1 (2024-06) 119 Figure 4-42: Specific time&frequency pattern of sync data frame radio-bursts with B... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.8 Sync Data frame mapping for 750 kHz channels | Reserved for further description. |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.9 Beacon core frame mapping | The 9 radio-bursts of the beacon core frame, denoted as ( ), shall be mapped to the second 9 even-indexed resource elements of a beacon period, as follows: → 2 ∗ , 9 ≤ < 18 |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.10 Beacon extension frame mapping | Each beacon extension frame consists of 18 radio-bursts, which are denoted as , , where ∈0, 1, … ,17 denotes the -th radio-burst index of the -th extension frame, ∈0, 1, … , (, −1), and where Next,bea is the number of beacon extension frames. The radio-bursts of beacon extension frames shall be ma... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.2.11 DLB Data frame mapping | In two-stage scheduling mode, DLB Data frames, which are addressed by a beacon extension frame, shall be transmitted in the data region which immediately follows the considered beacon extension frame. In single-stage addressing mode, there is only one data region in the DLB frame, where one DLB Data frame is transmitte... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.3 TSMA schemes for DLC transmission mode | |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.3.1 Overview | In DLC transmission mode, a message is split into multiple radio-bursts, that are transmitted onto the resource elements of the DLC frame. Resource Elements of DLC frame (DLC RE) are always related to the preceding resource element of the DLB structure. |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.3.2 Resource element frequency for ULP symbol rate | The frequency of a resource element in a DLC frame is defined by a carrier number, which is then mapped to a transmission frequency. The carrier number of the resource element in DLC frame is the same as for the preceding resource element of DLB frame. |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.3.3 Resource element frequency for ULP8 symbol rate | As the bandwidth of ULP8 radio-bursts is increased, different frequencies are used and the number of channels is decreased. The number of available carriers depends on the channel bandwidth . The channel bandwidth for DLC with ULP8 symbol rate may be either 2 times 100 kHz (extended TSMA mode) or 2 times 75... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.3.4 Resource element time | The transmission time of REs in a DLC frame shall have a fixed time offset to the preceding resource element of DLB frame (see Figure 4-43), as follows: • 136 symbols with standard symbol duration in case of ULP symbol rate; • 78,75 symbols with standard symbol duration in case of ULP8 symbol rate and HDR burst structu... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.3.5 DLC_core and extension frame mapping | Resource elements of a DLC frame may be mapped in low or high density mode like for DLB. In low density mode only the even RE indices n shall be used, which means one block of 18 radio-bursts consumes 36 RE's for the transmission, but only the even ones contain the radio-bursts of the DLC frame. In high density mode al... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.7.6.3.6 DLC core and extension frame mapping for HDR burst structure | A DLC frame with HDR burst structure consists of blocks with up to 5 radio-bursts each carrying sub-packets with sub- packet index s = 0…4. The first transmission of a block is called primary transmission. A block of 5 radio-bursts can be repeated, the repetition is called auxiliary transmission. The auxiliary transmis... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8 Radio characteristics | |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.1 Carrier spacing and spectrum use | The TS-UNB protocol may be configured to different spectrum requirements. It may be operated in different SRD sub bands in Europe by adjusting the carrier spacing of the TSMA patterns. ETSI ETSI TS 103 357-2 V2.1.1 (2024-06) 126 The radio band with a center frequency , may be divided into two collocated channels w... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.2 On-air times | The TS-UNB protocol may use random channel access without listen before talk. The relevant radio regulations on duty cycle limit the number of messages and data that can be transmitted. Table 4-152 gives the transmission times for different TS-UNB protocol modes. Table 4-152: Examples of radio transmission times Transm... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3 Implementation tolerances | |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3.1 Definitions | The values given in the present document are nominal values. In practical implementations, these parameters will be affected by inaccuracies of the hardware components. In this clause additional tolerances are given in order to achieve proper communication between end-point and base station. Figure 4-45: Overview of ti... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3.2 End-point tolerances | |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3.2.1 EP frequency tolerances | In the end-point, symbol time and carrier frequency generation maybe derived from a common reference oscillator (preferable with a frequency of 26 MHz) with a tolerance below ±20 ppm. Table 4-155 gives an overview of the frequency tolerances for the generation of the transmit signal in the end-point (uplink). Table 4-1... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3.2.2 EP time tolerances | Table 4-156 summarizes the time tolerance for the generation of the transmit signal in the end-point (uplink). Table 4-156: Uplink time tolerances Name Definition Variable Value Time reference tolerance class Z/A Tolerance of the time reference of the end-point (Offset of reference value to nominal value) ±20 ppm Time ... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3.3 Base station tolerances | |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3.3.1 BS frequency tolerances | Table 4-157 summarizes the frequency tolerances for the generation of the transmit signal in the base station (downlink). Table 4-157: Downlink frequency tolerance Name Definition Variable Value Crystal frequency tolerance crystal center frequency tolerance (Offset of reference value to nominal value) ± 7ppm Center fre... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.3.3.2 BS time tolerances | Table 4-158 summarizes the time tolerances for the generation of the transmit signal in the base station (downlink). Table 4-158: Downlink time tolerances Name Definition Variable Value Uplink-Downlink delay tolerance Time tolerance between uplink and following downlink relative to the uplink on-air ΔTud ±2 Symbol dura... |
e0bec777474cb75ac0ad394ec0a20d10 | 103 357-2 | 4.8.4 Receiver bandwidth | The receiver bandwidth depends on the system mode of operation and shall be set accordingly. ETSI ETSI TS 103 357-2 V2.1.1 (2024-06) 131 Annex A (informative): TS-UNB Profiles A.1 Overview The TS-UNB profiles, stated in the present annex, define several TS-UNB protocol settings that help interoperability of end-points ... |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 1 Scope | The present document presents SAREF4ENER, the SAREF extension for EEBus and Energy@Home in the energy domain. |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 2 References | |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 2.1 Normative references | References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which a... |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 2.2 Informative references | References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks i... |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 3 Definitions and abbreviations | |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 3.1 Definitions | For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: ontology: formal specification of a conceptualization, used to explicit capture the semantics of a certain reality smart appliances: devices, which are used in the household, e.g. for performing domestic work, and which have the abilit... |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 3.2 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: CEM Customer Energy Manager E@H Energy@Home association EEBus EEBus initiative OM Ontology of units of Measure OWL Web Ontology Language SAREF Smart Appliances REFerence ontology TNO Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research TR ... |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 4 SAREF4ENER ontology and semantics | |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 4.1 Introduction and overview | The present document is a technical specification of SAREF4ENER, an extension of SAREF that was created in collaboration with Energy@Home (http://www.energy-home.it) and EEBus (http://www.eebus.org/en), the major Italy- and Germany-based industry associations, to enable the interconnection of their (different) data mod... |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 4.2 SAREF4ENER | 4.2.1 General Overview An overview of the SAREF4ENER ontology is provided in Figure 1, where rectangles containing an orange circle are used to denote classes created in SAREF4ENER, while rectangles containing a faded orange circle denote classes reused from other ontologies, such as SAREF. For all the entities describ... |
22463748d0df981633fa9b81a7f60c90 | 103 410-1 | 4.3 Observations about SAREF4ENER | The extension for the energy domain presented in the present document was originally called SAREF4EE, since it was created for the Energy@Home and EEBus associations [i.1]. However, in the present document the extension has been renamed to SAREF4ENER according to the naming convention for SAREF extensions adopted in th... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 1 Scope | The present document specifies the radio protocols of three radio technologies, referred to as "families". It contains an implementable description of physical and MAC/link protocol layers. It concludes with a section on implementation commonalities between the three LTN families. NOTE 1: ETSI TR 103 249 [i.8] describe... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 2 References | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 2.1 Normative references | References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which a... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 2.2 Informative references | References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ETSI ETSI TS 103 357 V1.1.1 ... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 3.1 Definitions | For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: CLEFIA: A lightweight block cipher defined in ISO/IEC 29192-2 [4]. data-burst: sequence of consecutive radio bursts transmitted by an LTN entity network element: term used to refer to a node in the DD-UNB system. It can refer to an EP,... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 3.2 Symbols | For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: Δfslowchirp Frequency difference between the start and end of secondary modulated PPDU as a result of chirp ΔT Symbol duration Bc Carrier spacing BWUL-Ch Bandwidth of UL channel used by EP in band of operation CRB Radio-burst carrier number of TSMA ... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 3.3 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AC Acknowledge Codeword ACK Acknowledge AES Advanced Encryption Standard BC Broadcast BCH Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem code BDU Block Data Unit BFSK Binary Frequency Shift Keying BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying BS Base Station BSGP Base-System Gr... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 4 General description | A LTN system according to the architecture document shall support one or more of the three protocol families described in the present document. The protocol families are designed to operate effectively in sub-GHz frequency bands. The protocol description offers particular mechanism to allow the operation of the LTN sys... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5 Lfour family | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.1 Overview | If a LTN System supports LFour family, the following protocol description shall apply. The Lfour LTN family is a low power, wideband technology and supports star network topology in radio access network. The Lfour air interface description applies to A-interface between Class Z EP and one or more BSs. The Lfour LTN fam... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2 MAC layer description | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.1 Overview | MAC sub-layer specification applies to UL only as Lfour is an UL system. The MAC sub-layer for LTN air-interface provides following services: • Passing and Receiving User Plane Data to and from higher layer entity • Assembling and Disassembling of MSDU • Assembling and Disassembling of MAC Header Information • Assembli... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.2 MAC format in UL | MPDU shall be of fixed length of 184-bit and composed as shown in Figure 5-5. MSDU lengths of 128-bit (Type 1) and 64-bit (Type 2) shall be supported. Figure 5-5: MPDU format |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3 MAC function in UL | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.1 Assembling of MSDU | A 128-bit fixed length MSDU shall be formed from byte aligned MSDU of size less than or equal to 128-bits. If MSDU payload size is less than 128-bits, then it shall be padded with zero (0) to form 128-bit MSDU. The payload size is pre-configured for an EP and known to the BS(s). |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.2 Assembling of Header Field | A 32-bit header comprising entirely of address field shall be concatenated to the start of zero-padded MSDU payload. |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.3 Insertion of Check Sum | 24-bit CRC shall be generated using following polynomial and initial state set to all one's (0xFFFFFF). 24 23 18 17 14 11 10 7 6 5 4 3 1 1 The CRC shall be concatenated to the end of zero-padded MSDU payload. |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4 Provisioning of PHY Parameter | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4.1 PHY Mode | The PHY Mode of operation for an EP shall be set to one of Mode A, B, or C. This is pre-configured for the EP and known to the BS(s). |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4.2 Repetitions | The value of shall be provided and set as below. This value is pre-configured for an EP and known to the BS(s). 0 31 ETSI ETSI TS 103 357 V1.1.1 (2018-06) 19 |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4.3 Encryption Parameters | The parameters for encryption control and operation shall be provided as in Table 5-2. These parameters are pre-configured for an EP and known to the BS(s). Table 5-2: Encryption Parameters Parameter provided to PHY Type AES128 or ISO/IEC 29192-2 [4] CLEFIA Key 128-bit sequence Pseudo random number 128-bit sequence Con... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4.4 PHY Parameters | Parameters used in pseudo-random code generation for synchronization and scrambling shall be provided. These parameters are pre-configured for an EP and known to the BS(s). |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4.5 Operation Band | Operational frequency band(s) for EP UL operation shall be provided. This parameter is preconfigured for an EP and known to the BS(s). |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4.6 Channel Access | Parameters used to access channel for EP UL operation shall be provided. These parameters are pre-provisioned for an EP and known to BS(s). Table 5-3: Channel Access Parameters Parameter Value Description Access Type (NAccess) 0-7 (integer) 0: Access Type is duty-cycle (DC) 1-6: Access Type is Listen-before-talk (LBT) ... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.3.4.7 Transmission Frame | Parameters used to calculate time of transmission for initial and repetition PPDUs as defined in Table 5-4 shall be provided. These parameters are pre-provisioned for an EP and known to BS(s). Table 5-4: Transmission Frame Parameters Parameter Value Description Frame Duration (Ttx-frame) 0-15 (integer) 0: 5 s (Mode A),... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4 MAC procedures | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4.1 Overview | As Lfour is an UL-only system, medium access is defined for EP, but not for BS. While MAC processing is the same for each PHY Mode, operational parameters related to time and frequency are dependent on the following pre-provisioned parameters: • PHY Mode, see clause 5.2.3.4.1 • Operation Band see clause 5.2.3.4.5 • Cha... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4.2 End-point Operation | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4.2.1 Overview | The EP operation for channel access shall apply to initial transmission and repetition of PPDUs and comprises of frequency selection, time selection and channel assessment procedures respectively. |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4.2.2 Repetition Procedure | An EP shall make Nrepetitions repetitions of a PPDU following its initial transmission, value of which is defined in clause 5.2.3.4.2. |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4.2.3 Frequency Selection Procedure | Upon initiating the transmission of initial PPDU or repetition PPDU, frequency selection shall be performed by EP in two step procedure: Step 1: Centre frequency Channel Centre frequency (fc) shall be determined as follows: If "Transmission Type" is set to "0", then fc shall be centre frequency of randomly selected cha... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4.2.4 Transmission Start Time Selection Procedure | The transmission start time t0 of initial PPDU shall be determined based on pre-configured Channel Access Parameters in Table 5-3. If "Transmission Type" is set to "0", transmission time t0 shall be selected at random. If "Transmission Type" is set to "1", transmission start time selection shall be performed by an EP i... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.2.4.2.5 Channel Assessment Procedure | Channel assessment procedure shall apply to initial and repetition PPDU if Channel Access Parameter "Access Type" in Table 5-3 is set to a value between 1 and 6. A flow chart depicting steps is shown in Figure 5-6. Assume counter i = 1: • Carrier Sense Presence of signal shall be assessed over UL channel of operation B... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3 PHY layer description | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.1 Overview | Figure 5-7: PHY Functional Overview ETSI ETSI TS 103 357 V1.1.1 (2018-06) 23 |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.2 PHY format in UL | A PHY PDU or PPDU shall be of fixed size dependant on PHY Mode defined in clause 5.2.3.4.1 as shown in Table 5-5 and comprises of interleaved synchronization signal and coded payload bits as illustrated in Figure 5-7. Table 5-5: PPDU Size PHY Mode PPDU Size (number of bits) Mode A 2 496 Mode B 9 616 Mode C 9 616 |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3 PHY function in UL | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.1 Forward Error Correction | All PSDUs shall be coded for forward error correction with LDPC parameters in Table 5-6 as per the description below. Table 5-6: LDPC Parameters Code rate 1/4 Kldpc 184 Nldpc 736 Mldpc 552 LDPC code with rate R=1/4 shall be applied to form Coded Block size of =4 × where = SizeMPDU, i.e. ... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.2 Rate Matching | The output from FEC, coded block of size , shall follow the Rate matching procedure based on parameters defined in Table 5-8 and as per steps illustrated in Figure 5-8 and described below. ETSI ETSI TS 103 357 V1.1.1 (2018-06) 25 Figure 5-8: Rate match procedure Table 5-8: Rate match parameters Size (bits) M... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.3 Encryption | Encryption code generated from 128-bit key shall be applied to PPDU payload. Encryption is based on AES128 or ISO/IEC 29192-2 [4] CLEFIA set through Encryption parameters described in clause 5.2.3.4.3 and operates under counter mode. Encryption scheme is shown in Figure 5-11. A 128-bit Pseudo random number, 128-bit key... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.4 Synchronization Signal Insertion | The rate matched PPDU payload including the guard bits shall be concatenated with a synchronization signal of length where: Lsync= 832 bits (Mode A) and 4 808 bits (Mode B and C) Synchronization signal shall be a truncated gold code with polynomials as follows: M-Sequence 1: p1(x) = x[25] + x[3] + 1 M-Sequence 2: ... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.5 Interleaving | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.5.1 Mode A Interleaver | The input to interleaver comprises of: • 832 synchronization signal bits denoted by bs0, bs1…bs831 • 8 guard bits denoted by bg0, bg1…bg7 • 1 656 encoded bits denoted by be0, be1…be1655 The interleaver shall follow below procedure: • First two synchronization signal bits are each followed by two guard bits in order, i.... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.5.2 Mode B and C Interleaver | The input to interleaver comprises of: • 4 808 synchronization signal bits denoted by bs0, bs1…bs4807 • 8 guard bits denoted by bg0, bg1…bg7 • 4 800 encoded bits denoted by be0, be1…be4799 The interleaver shall follow below procedure: • First four synchronization signal bits are each followed by one guard bit in order,... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.6 Scrambling | Scrambling shall be applied over PPDU with M-sequence generator shown as below and illustrated in Figure 5-17. [24]+[23]+[18]+[17]+[14]+[11]+[10] +[7] +[6]+[5] +[4]+[3]++1 Initial state of generator polynomial shall be set to a value as per clause 5.2.3.4.4. The state of polynomial shall be initialized to ... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.7 Modulation | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.7.1 Introduction | Modulation procedure shall comprise of primary and secondary modulation stages and applied according to PHY Mode defined in clause 5.2.3.4.1. |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.7.2 Primary Modulation | π/2-shift BPSK modulation shall be applied to scrambled PPDU, as shown in Figure 5-18, and based on bit mapping and phase assignment according to Table 5-9 and Table 5-10. The modulated PPDU thus generated is ready for transmission on air for PHY Modes B and C. Figure 5-18: Primary Modulation Table 5-9: BPSK Mapper Bit... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.3.7.3 Secondary Modulation | If PHY Mode is set to Mode A in clause 5.2.3.4.1, then secondary modulation shall be applied to primary modulated PPDU. Secondary modulation shall be a linear chirp sequence derived from chirp rate β = 387,430 kHz/s and applied over π/2-shift BPSK modulated signal. The resultant sweep frequency is defined as: ∆ ... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.4 PHY Procedures | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.4.1 Overview | The UL physical layer uses randomization in time and frequency for PPDU transmissions to achieve high system capacity. Channel Access parameters defined in clause 5.2.3.4.6 determines if transmission is asynchronous or synchronous. While time synchronization may be achieved using various methods, "Synchronous Pattern-1... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.4.2 Synchronous Pattern-1 | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.4.2.1 Frame structure | If "Transmission Type" in Table 5-3 is set to "1", then transmission of PPDUs shall be carried out by EPs in a synchronous manner according to procedure specified in this clause. ETSI ETSI TS 103 357 V1.1.1 (2018-06) 31 In time domain, a frame structure is employed as per parameters "Frame Duration" and "Slot Duration"... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.4.2.2 Time and frequency hopping | Lfour enabled EPs shall perform frequency hopping for initial and repetition PPDUs and time-slot hopping within defined frame for initial PPDU as a function of following parameters: • FH_RNG denotes available number of channels in the "Operation Band" as defined in clause 5.2.3.4.5. • GP_RNG denotes available number of... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.3.4.2.3 Pseudo-random seed generation | A PRN generator comprises of two LFSRs, LFSR1 and LFSR2 respectively, where: LFSR1 uses 32-bit shift register initialized to polynomial TXID as defined in clause 5.3.4.2.2 and with polynomial P(x) in its feedback path: P(x) = x[32] + x[7] + x[5] + x[3] + x[2] + x[1] + 1 LFSR2 uses 32-bit shift register initialized to p... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.4 Radio characteristics | |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.4.1 Overview | Lfour enabled EP shall be configured to comply with the regional harmonized or global regulations applicable to spectrum of use. An EP may be configured to operate in more than one, i.e. non-contiguous frequency bands. |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 5.4.2 Band-plan | Lfour UL operation requires frequency spectrum of at least 200 kHz for Access Type "0" and at least 600 kHz for Access Type values "1..6", where Access Type refers to parameter defined in clause 5.2.3.4.6. If total bandwidth of Operation Band(s) defined in clause 5.2.3.4.5 is more than 200 kHz, then the band(s) are spl... |
baa46c383033a4406946797fe47211ae | 103 357 | 6 Telegram splitting ultra narrow band (TS-UNB) family |
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