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3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply. 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project ASP Abstract Services Primitives ATM Abstract Test Method ATS Abstract Test Suite BR Border Router CPE Customer Premises Equipment DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DNS Domain Name System FTP Fi...
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4 Abstract test method
This clause describes the ATM used to test the MAP-E technology.
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4.1 Abstract protocol tester
An abstract protocol tester presented in figure 1 is a process providing the test behaviour for testing an IUT. Thus it will emulate an entity which is capable of proving the IUT functionalities. This type of test architecture provides a situation of communication which is equivalent to real operation between real devi...
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4.2 Test configurations
The test suite for MAP-E uses two test configurations in order to cover the different test scenarios. Distinction between the two configurations is given by the two main components in MAP-E, which are BR and CPE.
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4.2.1 CF01: BR as IUT
In this configuration, the BR is the IUT and the test system simulates an CPE in one side and a IPv4 host in the other side. Figure 3: CF01, BR equipment is the IUT BR - IUT Test system (TTCN-3) Host - Simulated CPE - Simulated Test System IPv4/IPv6 Ethernet System Under Test MAP-E Functionality IPv4/IPv6 Ethernet Lowe...
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4.2.2 CF02: CPE as IUT
In this configuration, the CPE is the IUT and the test system simulates a BR equipment in one side and an IPv4 host in the other side. Figure 4: CF02, CPE equipment is the IUT
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4.3 TTCN-3 Test architecture
In general, a conformance test system architecture based on TTCN-3 is as figure 5 shows. Figure 5: Global test architecture The "System Under Test" (SUT) contains: • The "Implementation Under Test" (IUT), i.e. the object of the test. • The "Upper tester application" enables to trigger or capture some actions (i.e. high...
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4.4 Ports and ASPs (Abstract Services Primitives)
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4.4.1 TTCN-3 ports
The MAP-E Test Suite implements the following ports: • Ipv6Port, to send and receive IPv6 packets. • Ipv4Port, to send and receive IPv4 packets. • DnsPort, to send and receive DNS messages. • Dhcpv6Port, to send and receive DHCPv6 messages. • FtpPort, to trigger the following FTP actions: login, logout, and data sendin...
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4.4.2 Abstract Service Primitives
Abstract service primitives are commands or actions that need to be performed on the IUT in order to trigger certain behaviour or to obtain information about the IUT state. The list of ASP used in the MAP-E ATS is shown in table 1. Table 1: MAP-E Abstract Service Primitives TTCN-3 text Action/Command Description Are ro...
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5 Implemented Test Purposes
Table 2 shows the test purposes from ETSI TS 103 239-2 [10] which have been implemented and included in the present document. Table 2: Implemented Test Purposes TP Identifier TC Identifier Group Subgroup PICS Untestable Implemented TP/MAP-E/BR/BF/BV/01 TC_MAPE_BR_BF_BV_01 BR Basic Function PICS_ROLE_IS_BR Yes TP/MAP-E/...
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6 ATS conventions
The ATS conventions are intended to give a better understanding of the ATS but they also describe the conventions made for the development of the ATS. These conventions shall be considered during any later maintenance or further development of the ATS.
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6.1 Naming conventions
This test suite follows the naming convention guidelines provided in ETSI ETS 300 406 [6] and ETSI EG 202 798 [i.1].
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6.1.1 General guidelines
The naming convention is based on the following underlying principles: • Identifiers should be prefixed with a short alphabetic string (specified in table 3) indicating the type of TTCN-3 element it represents. • Suffixes should not be used except in those specific cases identified in table 3. • Prefixes and suffixes s...
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6.1.2 MAP-E specific TTCN-3 naming conventions
In addition to such general naming conventions, table 4 shows specific naming conventions that apply to the MAP-E technology TTCN-3 test suite. Table 4: MAP-E specific TTCN-3 naming conventions Language element Naming convention Prefix Example identifier MAP-E Module Use upper-case initial letter AtsMapE_ AtsMapE_ Modu...
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6.1.3 Usage of Log statements
All TTCN-3 log statements use the following format: • Three asterisks followed by a blank character. • The TTCN-3 test case or function identifier in which the log statement is defined followed by a colon and a blank character. • One of the log categories: INFO, WARNING, ERROR, PASS, FAIL, INCONC, TIMEOUT followed by a...
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6.1.4 Test Case (TC) identifier
The identifier of the TC is built according to table 5 as recommended in ETSI ETS 300 406 [6]. Table 5: TC naming convention for MAP-E TC_<root>_<gr>_<sgr>_<x>_<nn> <root> = root MAP-E MAP with Encapsulation <gr> = group BR BR as IUT CPE CPE as IUT <sgr> = sub-group GWA Gateway Assignment BF Basic Function FRAG Fragmen...
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6.2 On line documentation
Using the T3D tool enables providing on-line documentation browser in HTML, by tagging TTCN-3 comments. These tags are defined in table 6. Table 6: TTCN-3 comment tags Tag Description @author Specifies the names of the authors or an authoring organization which either has created or is maintaining a particular piece of...
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1 Scope
The present document specifies the procedures for testing conformance of complex GNSS Based Location System (GBLS) with the performance requirements specified in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. ETSI TS 103 246 part 1 [1], part 2 [2], part 3 [3] and part 4 [4] address integrated GNSS Based Location Systems (GBLS) that combine Gl...
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2 References
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2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which a...
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2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks i...
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3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in ETSI TS 103 246-1 [1] and the following apply: accuracy (or error): difference between a measured or estimated value and its real value almanac: information providing coarse orbit and coarse clock model information for GNSS satellites. Database providing loca...
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3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the symbols given in ETSI TS 103 246-1 [1] apply.
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in ETSI TS 103 246-1 [1] and the following apply: 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project A-GNSS Assisted GNSS AT Along-Track BDS BeiDou Navigation Satellite System CL Confidence Level CT Cross-Track DGE Data Gathering Equipment D-GNSS Differential GNSS ...
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4 General
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4.1 GBLS Performance Features
Clauses 6 to 13 define the test procedures required to test conformance with the Performance Features defined in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. These Features are: 1) Horizontal Position Accuracy. 2) Vertical Position Accuracy. 3) Time-To-First-Fix (TTFF). 4) Position Authenticity. 5) Robustness to Interference. 6) GNSS Sensit...
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4.2 Conformance Test Statistics
Performance requirements in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3] are expressed either as a single value or, when it has a statistical nature, as a success rate. When testing a parameter with a statistical nature, a confidence level is set in the conformance test defined herein which establishes the probability that the GBLS passing t...
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4.3 GBLS Performance Class Determination
Performance features are defined in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3] for GBLS performance classes A, B and C. Results of the conformance tests herein allow a GBLS to be allocated to one of the three classes according to the definition in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3], unless otherwise specified.
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5 General test conditions
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5.1 Introduction
This clause defines the common test conditions required for all tests in the remainder of the present document, unless otherwise specified.
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5.2 Environmental conditions
The environmental conditions for test will be defined by the GBLS vendor.
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5.3 GNSS signal conditions
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5.3.1 Applicable GNSS constellations
The applicable GNSSs are defined in clause A.2 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. Each test defined in the following clauses shall be performed with the combination of GNSS constellation(s) and satellite signal(s) simultaneously supported by the GBLS under test.
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5.3.2 GNSS signal level
The GNSS signal is defined at the GNSS antenna connector of the GBLS. For a GBLS with only an integral GNSS antenna, this is assumed to be an antenna with a gain of 0 dBi. The reference input signal power levels are defined in table 5.1. Table 5.1: Reference Power and Relative signal power levels for each GNSS signal t...
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5.3.3 GNSS frequency
GNSS signals shall be transmitted with a frequency accuracy of ±0,025 PPM.
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5.3.4 GNSS Multi-system Time Offsets
If more than one GNSS is used in a test, the accuracy of the GNSS-GNSS Time Offsets at the GSG shall be better than 1 ns. The particular case where the GBLS uses D-GNSS, RTK or PPP is FFS. ETSI ETSI TS 103 246-5 V1.3.1 (2020-10) 14
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5.4 Operational Environments
General operational environments are as defined in clause A.3 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3], and specifically in each of the clauses for Performance Features in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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5.5 Assistance Data
Any assistance data required by the GBLS shall relate to the scenario(s) being generated and shall be provided by the appropriate means (e.g. by simulating a server such as an SLP, GMLC, SMLC and by transmission over a suitable telecommunications link).
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5.6 Differential Data
Any GNSS differential data required by the GBLS shall relate to the scenario(s) being generated and shall be provided by the appropriate means: • Simultaneous simulation of the GNSS signals as received differentially by one reference station and by the location target from a common scenario. • Simultaneous simulation o...
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5.7 Test Configurations
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5.7.1 General Set-Up
In general the tests for GBLS signal performance shall be performed using RF simulators generating GNSS signals and telecoms transmission and reception signals, and other simulators for other sensors. The RF simulators shall be connected using either radiated or conducted connections as necessary. For example: 1) in th...
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5.7.2 GNSS Signal Generator
In each case the test set-up consists of a GNSS Signal Generator (GSG) connected to the GBLS input and generating a set of emulated GNSS RF signals as defined in clause 5.3 and in annex A of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. The GSG shall simulate atmospheric effects (ionosphere, etc.) as specified in annex B. The GSG shall simul...
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5.7.3 Sensor Simulators/Stimulators
One or more sensor simulators are needed to test some GBLS implementations which include such sensors and where an interface to the relevant external sensor is provided by the GBLS. Otherwise if the sensor is embedded in the GBLS, a sensor stimulator for the laboratory environment (if possible) is needed. The requireme...
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5.7.4 Telecoms RF Simulators
Telecoms RF Simulators are needed to test some GBLS implementations which include telecoms sensors for: • Wi-Fi® [i.3]. • Wireless Personal Area Network (short range wireless) [i.3]: - Bluetooth® [i.4]. - WPAN [i.5]. • Cellular: - GSM [i.6]. - UTRA [i.7]. - E-UTRA [i.8]. ETSI ETSI TS 103 246-5 V1.3.1 (2020-10) 16 These...
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5.7.5 GBLS output measurement data
Performance measurements during testing shall be made using the GBLS output data on its external interface to which a Data Gathering Equipment (DGE) shall be connected. The exact form of this data at its external interface depends on the GBLS implementation, and hence the DGE (Data Gathering Equipment) shall be adapted...
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6 Horizontal and Vertical Position Accuracy
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6.1 Test Objectives & Case definitions
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the GBLS in estimating the location target position in both horizontal and vertical planes as specified in clauses 5.2 and 5.3 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. The horizontal and vertical accuracy tests can be combined since each position measurement can be used to deri...
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6.2 Method of Test
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6.2.1 Introduction
The test procedure is defined as two overall steps which are performed for each test case: 1) measurement procedures (data collection); 2) measurement data analysis. The steps are specified in clauses 6.2.2 to 6.2.6. ETSI ETSI TS 103 246-5 V1.3.1 (2020-10) 17
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6.2.2 Initial conditions
Connect the equipment as shown in annex A and provide the test signal inputs as defined for this Performance Feature in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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6.2.3 Measurement Procedures
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6.2.3.1 Test cases T-HVA-01/02/03: Moving location target
Repeat all steps below for Test Cases T-HVA-01 to T-HVA-03: 1) Set the GSG parameters to generate the following scenario: - the location target to start at a random point within a 3 km radius of the reference location defined in clause B.1, with an altitude randomly selected between 0 m and 500 m and to continue moving...
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6.2.3.2 Test cases T-HVA-04/05/06: Static location target
The procedure for these test cases is the same as in clause 6.2.3.1 except for step 1, where the location target shall remain stationary at its initial location.
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6.2.4 Measurement Data Analysis
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6.2.4.1 General
Process the data collected during the measurement phase as follows. For each position measurement, calculate the position error with respect to the true position using coordinates in the East-North-Up (ENU) reference frame, whose local origin is the true position of the target at the same instant. The subscript i is us...
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6.2.4.2 Horizontal Position Error
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6.2.4.2.1 Moving location target
For each sample, calculate the horizontal position error ( ) in the Along Track - Cross Track (AT, CT) frame using the formulae in annex C. ) (ENU iε { } U i N i E i ENU i ε ε ε ε , , ) ( = E iε N iε U iε ) (ENU iε ) (ENU iε ) ( AC iε ETSI ETSI TS 103 246-5 V1.3.1 (2020-10) 18 NOTE: are two-dimensional vectors. Calcula...
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6.2.4.2.2 Static location target
Calculate the statistics of the horizontal position errors using the formulae above in clause 6.2.4.2.1 for Mean value, Standard Deviation and th p percentile, but using the error coordinates in East/North (EN) axes to replace Along Track/Cross Track (AC) coordinates.
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6.2.4.3 Vertical Position Error
For the samples, calculate the statistics of the vertical position errors, as required for the "metrics" of this Performance Feature in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3], using the formulae in table 6.3. ) ( AC iε ( ) AC i iε ε = 1 1 ˆ N i i m N ε ε = =  x x 2 1 1 ˆ ˆ 1 N i i N ε ε σ ε μ = = − − 1 1 ˆ N i i N ε μ ε = =  , , , ,...
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6.2.4.4 Confidence Intervals
Calculate the 95 % Confidence Intervals as defined in clause D.3 for: a) the mean value of the AT and CT and vertical positioning errors, for a moving location target; b) the mean value of the vertical positioning errors, for a static location target. Calculate the confidence level for the estimated percentiles as defi...
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6.2.5 Pass/fail criteria
Compare the metrics calculated in clause 6.2.4 for each Test Case against the corresponding values specified for horizontal and vertical position performance requirements in clauses 5.2 and 5.3 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3], and consider the test result as "pass" for each metric if: a) The position accuracy requirement is m...
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6.2.6 GBLS Class Allocation
The allocation of GBLS test results to GBLS classes shall also be done at this stage according to the definition in clauses 5.2 and 5.3 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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7 Time-To-First-Fix (TTFF)
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7.1 Test Objectives & Case definitions
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the GBLS in terms of TTFF within a given positional accuracy as specified in clause 5.5 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. The following test cases cover TTFF conformance in the combinations of GBLS implementation profiles, location target dynamic conditions and operation...
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7.2 Method of Test
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7.2.1 Introduction
The TTFF is evaluated in terms of response time of the GBLS. The response time is defined as the time starting from the moment that the GNSS sensor is reset (Autonomous Cold start) to the time of issue of the GBLS measurement report containing the first position estimate.
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7.2.2 Initial conditions
Connect the equipment as shown in annex A and provide the test signal inputs as defined for this Performance Feature in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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7.2.3 Measurement Procedures
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7.2.3.1 Test cases T-TTF-01 to -05: Moving location target
Repeat all steps below for all these Test Cases: 1) Set the GSG parameters to generate the following scenario: - The location target to start at a random point within a 3 km radius of the reference location defined in clause B.1, with an altitude randomly selected between 0 m and 500 m and to continue moving along the ...
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7.2.3.2 Test cases T-TTF-05 to -08: Static location target
The procedure for these test cases is the same as in clause 7.2.3.1 except for step 1, where the location target shall remain stationary at its initial location.
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7.3 Pass/fail criteria
The GBLS shall meet the requirements for 95 % success rate specified for TTFF in clause 5.5 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3] for each test case according to the method defined in clause 7.2.3.1.
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7.4 GBLS Class Allocation
The allocation of test results of TTFF to GBLS classes shall be done after determining the pass/fail criteria according to the definition in clause 5.5 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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8 Position Authenticity
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8.1 Test Objectives & Case definitions
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the GBLS in: 1) avoiding false alarms under nominal GNSS signal conditions and no interfering signals (Clear scenario); 2) detecting a spoofing attack (Threat scenario); as specified in clause 5.6 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. The position authenticity test shall be ...
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8.2 Method of test
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8.2.1 Introduction
The test procedure is defined as two overall steps which are performed for each test case: 1) measurement procedures (data collection); 2) measurement data analysis. The steps are specified in clauses 8.2.2 to 8.2.4.
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8.2.2 Initial conditions
Connect the equipment as shown in annex A and provide the test signal inputs as defined for this Performance Feature in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. The Spoofer shall generate the set of simulated GNSS-like signals defined in clause A.7 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. NOTE: If the GSG is able to generate shadowed spoofing attacks,...
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8.2.3 Measurement procedures
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8.2.3.1 Test cases T-PA-01 and T-PA-02: Moving location target
Repeat all steps below for each Test Case. 1) Set the GSG parameters to generate the following scenario: - The location target at a random point within a 3 km radius of the reference location defined in clause B.1, with an altitude randomly selected between 0 m and 500 m, and to continue moving along the trajectory def...
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8.2.3.2 Test cases T-PA-03 and T-PA-04: Static location target
Repeat all steps below for each Test Case. 1) Set the GSG to generate the following scenario: - the location target at a random point within a 3 km radius of the reference location defined in clause B.1 and with an altitude randomly selected between 0 m and 500 m; - the scenario start time shall be randomly delayed by ...
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8.2.4 Measurement Data Analysis
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8.2.4.1 Probability of False Alarm (Test cases T-PA-01 and T-PA-03)
Process the data collected during the measurement phase as follows. FA Pˆ is calculated (in %) as: 100 ˆ ⋅ = K N P A FA where: is the number of authentication data detections collected where auth_flag = No; is the total number of observations.
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8.2.4.2 Probability of Detection (Test cases T-PA-02 and T-PA-04)
Process the data collected during the measurement phase as follows. If the PVT data associated with any authentication data where auth_flag = Yes exceeds the time or position error specified in clause 5.6 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3], then this sample shall be changed to auth_flag = No. D Pˆ is calculated (in %) as: 100 ˆ ...
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8.3 Pass/Fail Criteria
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8.3.1 T-PA-01 and T-PA-03
In each case the test is passed when the calculated Probability of False Alarm ( ) is lower than the values of Probability of False Alarm ( ) specified in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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8.3.2 T-PA-02 and T-PA-04
In each case the test is passed when the calculated Probability of Detection ( D Pˆ ) is higher than the values of Probability of Detection ( D P ) specified in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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8.4 GBLS Class allocation
The allocation of GBLS test results to GBLS classes shall be done at this stage according to the definition in clause 5.6 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
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9 Robustness to Interference
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9.1 Test Objectives & Case definitions
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the GBLS in terms of the maximum Jammer-to-GNSS signal power ratio (J/S) at the GBLS antenna that allows a position fix as specified in clause 5.7 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. A set of sub-tests shall be made for different jamming types as defined in table 9.1. The ...
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
9.2 Method of Test
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
9.2.1 Initial conditions
Connect the equipment as shown in annex A and provide the test signal inputs as defined for this Performance Feature in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. In particular the Interference Generator shall generate the set of signals defined in clause A.6 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
9.2.2 Measurement Procedures
For T-INT-01: 1) Set the GSG parameters to generate the following scenario: - the location target at a random point within a 3 km radius of the reference location defined in clause B.1, with an altitude randomly selected between 0 m and 500 m and to continue moving along the trajectory defined in clause A.4 of ETSI TS ...
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
9.3 Pass/fail criteria
The GBLS shall meet the requirements for 95 % success rate specified in clause 5.7 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3] according to the method defined in clause 9.2.2. NOTE: Pass/fail criteria for tests of the minimum jammer distance in clause 5.7.3 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3] are calculated from the above J/S values as described in...
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
9.4 GBLS Class Allocation
The allocation of test results of J/S to GBLS classes shall also be done at this stage according to the definition in clause 5.7 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
10 GNSS sensitivity
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
10.1 Test Objectives & Case definitions
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the GBLS in terms of the maximum masking (attenuation) values tolerated by the GBLS whilst still allowing the provision of location-related data as specified in clause 5.8 of ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3]. It is specified for both tracking and acquisition sensitivity. GN...
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
10.2 Method of Test
3283ed3e36f4ec3641c9cfb287046ba2
103 246-5
10.2.1 Initial conditions
Connect the equipment as shown in annex A and provide the test signal inputs as defined for this Performance Feature in ETSI TS 103 246-3 [3].