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9.6 Running the prediction models
The measured sequence as well as the clean speech reference are cropped into segments of 4,0 seconds, corresponding to the sentences described in clause 9.2. Compensating any delay between the two signals is possible, but not required (time alignment is included in the models). Silence/noise parts shall preserve a mini...
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9.7 Mapping function for Model A
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9.7.1 Derivation of mapping functions
In order to derive proposed mapping functions, the validation databases DES-25 and -26 are investigated. These databases consist of recordings made with real terminals and thus can be regarded as realistic use cases of both models. In order to analyse if one of the models systematically over- or underestimates a certai...
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9.7.2 Resulting mapping functions
In order to transform results of model A for the evaluation of performance requirements, the following functions may be used: S-MOSLQOfb , = 1,418 ⋅S-MOSLQOfb −1,145 N-MOSLQOfb , = 1,346 ⋅N-MOSLQOfb −1,584 G-MOSLQOfb , = 1,279 ⋅G-MOSLQOfb −0,7364 Such mapping may be applied if a comparison between results derived from ...
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1 Scope
The present document contains technical requirements for Continuous Tone Controlled Signalling System (CTCSS) and Digitally Coded Squelch Signalling (DCSS). CTCSS and DCSS systems allow the audio in a receiver to be selectively enabled/disabled on receipt of a specific tone/code. These tones/codes are transmitted conti...
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2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which ar...
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2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. None.
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2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. [i.1] ETSI EN 300 086-1: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Land Mobile Service; Radio equipment with an internal or external ...
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3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: Radio Frequency channel: radio frequency carrier (RF carrier) SINAD Meter: measurement instrument used to measure SND/ND using a band-stop filter Squelch: circuits or functionality provided that mutes the received signal (audio) under ...
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3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: f1 lowest modulation frequency f2 highest modulation frequency
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: CTCSS Continuous Tone Controlled Signalling System DC Direct Current DCS Digitally Coded Squelch DCSS Digitally Coded Squelch Signalling DUT Device Under Test FM Frequency Modulation FSK Frequency Shift Keying LSB Least Significant Bit MPFD Ma...
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4 Overview
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4.1 CTCSS
CTCSS is a system in which the radio equipment is fitted with devices which at the transmitter generate a specified continuous tone during transmission and at the receiver respond to a specific continuous tone. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-01) 8 The CTCSS code frequency is the assigned tone frequency. The standard...
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4.2 DCS
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4.2.1 DCS codewords
The DCS codeword is a specific digitally coded signal transmitted continuously on the carrier frequency. The DCS codework consists of a 23 bit frame which is transmitted at 134,4 bit/s. The structure of the codeword is shown in figure 1. Bits 1 to 9 are the originating DCS code and are normally expressed as a 3 digit o...
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4.2.2 DCS codewords
Allowable codewords are shown in table 2. DCS codes may be separated in four groups as follows: Group 1: codes have 3 contiguous bits (lowest frequency 22,33 Hz) Group 2: codes have 4 contiguous bits (lowest frequency 16,75 Hz) Group 3: codes have 5 contiguous bits (lowest frequency 13,40 Hz) Group 4: codes have 6 cont...
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4.2.3 DCS Modulation
DCS Modulation is a NRZ baseband FSK modulation. The polarity of the modulation shall be a negative frequency shift for a 0 and a positive frequency shift for a 1. 5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures
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5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions
Testing shall be performed under normal test conditions, and also, where stated, under extreme test conditions. The test conditions and procedures shall be as specified in clauses 5.2 to 5.5. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-01) 10
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5.2 Test power source
During testing the power source of the equipment shall be replaced by a test power source capable of producing normal and extreme test voltages as specified in clauses 5.3.2 and 5.4.2. The internal impedance of the test power source shall be low enough for its effect on the test results to be negligible. For the purpos...
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5.3 Normal test conditions
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5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity
The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be any convenient combination of temperature and humidity within the following ranges: • temperature: +15 °C to +35 °C; • relative humidity: 20 % to 75 %. When it is impracticable to carry out the tests under these conditions, a note to this effect, stating...
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5.3.2 Normal test power source
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5.3.2.1 Mains voltage
The normal test voltage for equipment to be connected to the mains shall be the nominal mains voltage. For the purpose of the present document, the nominal voltage shall be the declared voltage or any of the declared voltages for which the equipment was designed. The frequency of the test power source corresponding to ...
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5.3.2.2 Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles
When the radio equipment is intended for operation from the usual types of regulated lead-acid battery power source used on vehicles the normal test voltage shall be 1,1 times the nominal voltage of the battery (for nominal voltages of 6 V and 12 V, these are 6,6 V and 13,2 V respectively).
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5.3.2.3 Other power sources
For operation from other power sources or types of battery (primary or secondary), the normal test voltage shall be that declared by the equipment manufacturer. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-01) 11
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5.4 Extreme test conditions
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5.4.1 Extreme temperatures
For tests at extreme temperatures, measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedures specified in clause 5.5, at the upper and lower temperatures of one of the following two ranges: • -20 °C to +55 °C; All mobile and handportable equipment. Base stations for outdoor/uncontrolled climate conditions. • 0 °C to...
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5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages
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5.4.2.1 Mains voltage
The extreme test voltage for equipment to be connected to an ac mains source shall be the nominal mains voltage ±10 %.
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5.4.2.2 Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles
When the equipment is intended for operation from the usual types of regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles the extreme test voltages shall be 1,3 and 0,9 times the nominal voltage of the battery (for a nominal voltage of 6 V, these are 7,8 V and 5,4 V respectively and for a nominal voltage of 12 V,...
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5.4.2.3 Power sources using other types of batteries
The lower extreme test voltages for equipment with power sources using batteries shall be as follows: - for the nickel metal-hydride, leclanché or lithium type: 0,85 times the nominal battery voltage; - for the mercury or nickel-cadmium type: 0,9 times the nominal battery voltage. No upper extreme test voltages apply. ...
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5.4.2.4 Other power sources
For equipment using other power sources, or capable of being operated from a variety of power sources, the extreme test voltages shall be those declared by the equipment manufacturer. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-01) 12
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5.5 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures
Before measurements are made the equipment shall have reached thermal balance in the test chamber. The equipment shall be switched off during the temperature stabilizing period. In the case of equipment containing temperature stabilization circuits designed to operate continuously, the temperature stabilization circuit...
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5.5.1 Procedure for equipment designed for continuous transmission
If the manufacturer states that the equipment is designed for continuous transmission, the test procedure shall be as follows. Before tests at the upper extreme temperature, the equipment shall be placed in the test chamber, and left until thermal balance is attained. The equipment shall then be switched on in the tran...
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5.5.2 Procedure for equipment designed for intermittent transmission
If the manufacturer states that the equipment is designed for intermittent transmission, the test procedure shall be as follows. Before tests at the upper extreme temperature, the equipment shall be placed in the test chamber, and left until thermal balance is attained. The equipment shall then be switched on for one m...
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5.6 Test signals
The test modulation signals are baseband signals that modulate a carrier or signal generator. They are dependent upon the type of equipment under test and also the measurement to be performed. Test modulating signals are: A-M1: a 1 000 Hz tone at a level which produces a deviation of 12 % of the channel separation plus...
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5.7 CTCSS/DCS Signal Generator
The CTCSS/DCS generator used in the tests shall be capable of providing all the CTCSS code frequencies and all the DCS code patters as defined in the present document. The generator shall have the following characteristics: • generate a sineware or filtered NRZ data stream; • the generated sinewave shall have a distort...
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5.8 CTCSS/DCS test frequencies/codes
Where tests are undertaken with multiple CTCSS/DCS codes the following test cases are recommended: CTCSS: 67 Hz, 123 Hz and 250,3 Hz DCS: code 027, code 172 and code 734
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6 Technical Characteristics
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6.1 CTCSS Encoder frequency
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6.1.1 Definition
The encoder frequency is the frequency of the CTCSS modulation.
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6.1.2 Method of measurement
a) The DUT including its associated encoder unit shall be connected via a suitable load and attenuator to a modulation meter and operated in accordance with the manufacturer/providers instructions; b) the output of the modulation meter shall be connected to a frequency counter and the frequency of the CTCSS modulation ...
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6.1.3 Limits
The measured CTCSS frequency should under all test conditions be within ±0,75 % of the standard frequency, as defined in table 1. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-01) 14
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6.2 Encoder Modulation
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6.2.1 Definition
The encoder modulation is the frequency deviation used to transmit the CTCSS or DCS waveform on the RF carrier.
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6.2.2 Method of measurement
For equipment supporting CTCSS and DCS this test shall be carried out first for CTCSS and then repeated for DCS. The measurement procedure shall be as follows: a) the DUT including its associated encoder unit shall be connected via a suitable load and attenuator to a modulation meter and operated in accordance with the...
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6.2.3 Limits
The modulation should under all test conditions be with the limits given in table 3. Table 3: Standard Modulation Channel Separation (kHz) Peak Deviation (Hz) 12,5 300 to 500 20 350 to 750 25 400 to 800
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6.3 DCS encoder data rate
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6.3.1 Definition
The DCS encoder data rate is the rate at which DCS data bits are transmitted on the RF carrier.
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6.3.2 Method of measurement
The method of measurement shall be as follows: a) the DUT including its associated encoder unit shall be connected via a suitable load and attenuator to a demodulator or modulation measurement device and operated in accordance with the manufacturer/providers instructions; b) the bit rate clock, if available, shall be c...
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6.3.3 Limits
The DCS encoder data rate under all conditions shall be within ±2 % of the nominal bit rate in clause 4.2.1. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-01) 15
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6.4 Tone signalling squelch threshold
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6.4.1 Definition
The tone signalling squelch threshold is the minimum radio frequency level of the CTCSS or DCS signal at the receiver input required to operate the decoder.
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6.4.2 Method of Measurement
AF Load / Acoustic Coupler Receiver under test Psophometric weighting network and SINAD meter Test Fixture Signal Generator Figure 2: Measurement arrangement The measurement arrangement of figure 2 shall be used. For equipment supporting CTCSS and DCS this test shall be carried out first for CTCSS and then repeated for...
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6.4.3 Limits
The SINAD with CTCSS signalling shall be less than 14 dB, and the SINAD with DCS signalling shall be less than 16 dB.
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6.5 Tone signalling false response rate
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6.5.1 Definition
The tone signalling false response rate is the number of times that the CTCSS or DCS decoder circuits allows a burst of noise from the speaker when no signal is present at the input.
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6.5.2 Method of Measurement
The measurement arrangement of figure 2 shall be used. For equipment supporting CTCSS and DCS this test shall be carried out first for CTCSS and then repeated for DCS. The measurement procedure shall be as follows: a) test signal A-M1 at the nominal frequency of the receiver, and modulated with the appropriate CTCSS or...
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6.5.3 Limits
No false responses shall occur during a 30 minute period.
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6.6 CTCSS code frequency selectivity
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6.6.1 Definition
Code frequency selectivity is the ability of the CTCSS decoder to reject signals operating on the same radio frequency channel having alternate CTCSS code frequencies.
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6.6.2 The Method of Measurement
The measurement arrangement of figure 2 shall be used. The measurement procedure shall be as follows: a) test signal A-M1 at the nomincal frequency of the receiver, and modulated with the appropriate CTCSS shall be applied to the input of the receiver; b) the signal generator shall be at the level 60 dB above the level...
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6.6.3 Limits
The receiver shall not unmute under all the specified test conditions.
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6.7 Decoder response time
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6.7.1 Definition
The decoder response time is the elapsed time from the application of a CTCSS or DCS signal modulated with the standard test modulation and the minimum tone signalling modulation at the receiver input to the time when the receiver output voltage reaches 75 % of the steady state level. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-...
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6.7.2 The Method of Measurement
The measurement arrangement of figure 2 shall be used. The measurement shall be made under the normal test conditions. For equipment supporting CTCSS and DCS this test shall be carried out first for CTCSS and then repeated for DCS. The measurement procedure shall be as follows: a) test signal A-M1 at the nominal freque...
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6.7.3 Limits
The decoder response time with CTCSS signalling shall be less than 250 ms and the decoder response time with DCS signalling shall be less than 350 ms.
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6.8 Maximum permissible frequency deviation
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6.8.1 Definition
The frequency deviation is the maximum difference between the instantaneous frequency of the modulated radio frequency signal and the carrier frequency in the absence of modulation. For equipment supporting continuous signalling systems such as CTCSS and DCS the frequency deviation is the total deviation caused by spee...
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6.8.2 Method of measurement
Artificial Antenna Transmitter under test Deviation Meter Test Fixture Modulating Signal Generator Figure 3: Measurement arrangement The measurement arrangement in figure 3 shall be used. The frequency deviation shall be measured by means of a deviation meter capable of measuring the maximum permissible frequency devia...
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6.8.3 Limits
The maximum permissible frequency deviation for modulation frequencies from the lowest frequency transmitted (f1) by the equipment (as declared by the manufacturer) up to (f2) shall be as given in table 4. Table 4: Frequency deviation Channel separation in kHz Maximum Permissible Frequency Deviation (MPFD) in kHz 12,5 ...
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6.9 DCS Waveform Distortion
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6.9.1 Definition
DCS modulation is a direct frequency shift of the RF carrier that shall be decoded correctly at the receiving end. The waveform distortion is a measure of the error in the modulation. NOTE: Since the code by definition is allowed to have six one's or zero's in a row, insufficient low frequency coupling or overshoot in ...
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6.9.2 Method of Measurement
Artificial Antenna Transmitter under test Test Receiver Test Fixture Modulating Signal Generator Figure 3: Measurement arrangement a) the measurement arrangement in figure 3 shall be used; b) adjust the transmitter according to the manufacturer's/providers instructions, the transmitter shall then be modulated with DCS ...
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6.9.3 Limits
The total waveform droop shall be less than 30 % after a transmission of six ones or six zeros in a row. ETSI ETSI TS 103 236 V1.1.1 (2014-01) 21 History Document history V1.1.1 January 2014 Publication
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1 Scope
The present document provides the Test Suite Structure and Test Purposes (TSS&TP) descriptions for the IPv6 transition technology 6rd to validate its implementation within a cable communications networks. The tests are in reference to [1], the ETSI specifications for IPv6 transition technology. The ISO standards for th...
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2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which ar...
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2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. [1] ETSI TS 101 569-1: "Integrated Broadband Cable Telecommunication Networks (CABLE); Cable Network Transition to IPv6 Part 1: IPv6 Transition Requirements".
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2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. [i.4] ISO/IEC 9646-1 (1994): "Information technology -- Open Systems Interconnection -- Conformance testing methodology and framework -- Part 1: General con...
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3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: 6rd IPv6 Rapid Deployment ATS Abstract Test Suite B4 (6rd) Basic Bridging BroadBand element BR Border Relay CPE Customer Premises Equipment DF Don't Fragment flag (in IPv4 header) GRT Global Routing Table GW GateWay HTML HyperText Markup Langu...
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4 Test Suite Structure
The identifier of the TP is built according to table 1 as recommended in the MTS methodologies. Table 1: TP naming convention for 6rd TP/<root>/<gr>/<sgr>/<x>/<nn> <root> = root 6RD IPv6 encapsulated within IPv4 – IPv6 rapid deployment <gr> = group BR Border Router CPE Customer Premise Equipment <sgr> = sub-group BF Ba...
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5 Test Purposes (TP)
This clause proposes a TP proforma which is used in the present document. The fields of this proforma as used in the present document are explained in table 2. Table 2: TP proforma field description TP Header TP ID The TP ID is a unique identifier according to the TP naming conventions in table 1 Test objective Short d...
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5.1 TPs for CPE
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5.1.1 Gateway Assignment
TP Id TP/6RD/CPE/GWA/BV/01 Test objective Check that IUT sends a DHCPv4 Request to the DHCPv4 Server after initialization Reference [1]: clause 6.8.9.3 Feature: 6RD Configuration Initial conditions with { the IUT is properly provisioned the interfaces are connected & functional } Expected behaviour ensure that { when {...
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5.1.2 Basic Function
TP Id TP/6RD/ CPE/BF/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT supports the functionality of 6RD encapsulation Reference [1]: clause 6.8.9.12 Feature: NAT Initial conditions with { the IUT being properly provisioned and the interfaces are connected & functional } Expected behaviour ensure that { when { the IUT receives m...
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5.1.3 Fragmentation
TP Id TP/6RD/CPE/FRAG/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT fragments an HTML IPv6 packet upstream Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.21 Feature: Fragmentation & Buffering Initial conditions with { the physical MTU (Phy-MTU) size being equal or greater than the 6RD IPv4 packet between all devices and the 6RD Tunnel MTU (6RD...
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5.1.4 MSS Clamping
TP Id TP/6RD/CPE/MSSC/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT functions with MSS clamping upstream Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.20 Feature: MSS Clamping Initial conditions with { the physical MTU (Phy-MTU) size being equal or greater than the 6RD IPv6 packet between all devices and the 6RD Tunnel MTU (6RD-MTU) being low...
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5.1.5 Tunnel Identifiers
TP Id TP/6RD/CPE/TI/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT functions correctly with tunnel identifiers Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.1 Feature: Tunnel Identifiers/Client-Customer ID Initial conditions with { the IUT being properly provisioned and the interfaces are connected & functional, } Expected behaviour ensure tha...
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5.2 TPs for BR
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5.2.1 Basic Function
TP Id TP/6RD/BR/BF/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT supports the functionality of 6RD base NAT Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.5 Feature: Softwire Initialization Dynamic Tunnels Initial conditions with { the IUT being properly provisioned and the interfaces are connected & functional } Expected behaviour ensure that...
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5.2.2 Session Control
TP Id TP/6RD/BR/SC/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT supports session control within port ranges upstream Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.5 Feature: Softwire Initialization Dynamic Tunnels Initial conditions with { the IUT is properly provisioned the interfaces are connected & functional the IUT is configured for a s...
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5.2.3 Fragmentation
TP Id TP/6RD/BR/FRAG/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT fragments an HTML IPv6 packet downstream Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.2 Feature: Fragmentation & Buffering Initial conditions with { the physical MTU (Phy-MTU) size being equal or greater than the 6RD IPv6 packet between all devices and the 6RD Tunnel MTU (6RD...
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5.2.4 MSS Clamping
TP Id TP/6RD/BR/MSSC/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT functions with MSS clamping downstream Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.20 Feature: MSS Clamping Initial conditions with { the physical MTU (Phy-MTU) size being equal or greater than the 6RD IPv6 packet between all devices and the 6RD Tunnel MTU (6RD-MTU) being lo...
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5.2.5 NAT Timers
TP Id TP/6RD/BR/NT/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT TCP_time_wait timer expires when required Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.3 6RD Timers Initial conditions with { the IUT being properly provisioned and the interfaces are connected & functional and the IUT TCP_time_wait timer being set and the IUT having received a...
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5.2.6 Anycast Addressing
TP Id TP/6RD/BR/AA/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT supports IPv4 Anycast GW addressing upstream Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.13 Feature: Anycast Gateway Address Initial conditions with { the IUT is properly provisioned the interfaces are connected & functional the IUT is configured with an Anycast address ] Expe...
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5.2.7 Address Withdrawal
P Id TP/6RD/BR/AW/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT supports BR GW address withdrawal on cache failure Reference [1]: clause 6.8.7.15 BR Address Withdrawal Initial conditions with { the IUT was properly provisioned the interfaces are connected & functional } Expected behaviour ensure that { when { the IUT receive...
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5.2.8 Routing Tables
TP Id TP/6RD/BR/RT/BV/01 Test objective Check that the IUT supports forwarding from GRT TO VRF Reference [1]: clause 6.8.2 BR Feature Summary Initial conditions with { the IUT being properly provisioned, and the interfaces are connected & functional, and the routing tables are configured GRT upstream ingress & VRF upst...
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1 Scope
The present document provides the Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) proforma for conformance test specifications for the IPv6 transition technology 6rd as defined in ETSI TS 101 569-1 [1] in compliance with the relevant requirements and in accordance with the relevant guidance given in ISO/IEC 9646-7...
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2 References