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value | post_id stringlengths 5 7 | score int64 0 47.9k | link_flair_text stringlengths 0 63 | is_self bool 1
class | over_18 bool 2
classes | upvote_ratio float64 0 1 | post_content stringlengths 0 29.7k | C1 dict | C2 dict | C3 dict | C4 dict | C5 dict |
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ELI5:Bullet sizes/dimensions | explainlikeimfive | 5ch9fd | 1 | Other | true | false | 1 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wgawn",
"comment_text": [
"Some use metric and some use imperial. 9mm, 10mm, 5.56mm, 7.62x51mm (bullet is 7.62mm wide, cartridge is 51mm long), 12.7mm, all are referring to how wide the bullet is, in millimeters. The others are also referring to how wide the bullet is, but in imperial. .50... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wgtiv",
"comment_text": [
"A 7.62 is in mm, and so is the 51. 51mm is 5.1cm, which is about 2 inches. "
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wh6q2",
"comment_text": [
"Ah, thanks :D Was having a bit of a 'one of these things is not like the other' moment"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wvdil",
"comment_text": [
"(bullet is 7.62mm wide, cartridge is 51mm long),",
"Just to clarify for OP. The 51mm refers to the length of the cartridge case (the brass part) and not the length of the complete cartridge. A minor quibble to an otherwise excellent explanation of the often... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wh5af",
"comment_text": [
"The caliber of the bullet refers to the widest diameter.",
"The most common 9mm ammunition refers to a bullet projectile is that is 9mm in diameter, fired out of a metal casing that is 19mm long. Hence the 9x19 designation. However there is also 9x18 maka... |
ELI5: How did the UK phase in and implement single payer healthcare? | explainlikeimfive | 5cggo7 | 6 | Other | true | false | 0.74 | What happened to the countries pre existing insurance companies? Did they all lose their jobs? How did they make the move to single payer? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w9d0k",
"comment_text": [
"The National Health Service (NHS) was formed in 1948. This was not long after the end of WW2, when the UK was still recovering. Private healthcare insurance, such as it was at the time, was left alone: the NHS became the public health insurer for the majority who... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wb8vb",
"comment_text": [
"Dental treatment was originally covered by the NHS though, it was about 25 years ago when dentists refused to work for the NHS because they're all money grabbing bastards who know that they can exploit peoples' excruciating pain to charge a fortune."
],
"scor... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w9asq",
"comment_text": [
"There weren't insurance companies. The rich got medicine and the poor made do with what they could."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wczg7",
"comment_text": [
"The 1911 ",
"National Insurance Act",
" introduced basic medical cover for the working population. Access to a doctor was free to workers who earned less than £2 a week. However, this didn't necessarily cover their wives or children, nor did it cover oth... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wbwoi",
"comment_text": [
"Many people have in the UK have [sic] private health insurance for things the NHS doesn't cover as well (or at all), such as dental or quicker access to specialists. ",
"I'd hardly consider it \"many\" but roughly 11% of the population have some form of healt... |
ELI5: Humans endured the drastic climate changes of the Ice Age for thousands of years. Why do people think the current climate changes will result in the end of humanity? | explainlikeimfive | 5cfngj | 1 | Other | true | false | 0.55 | I'm all for renewable energy and mitigating climate change as much as possible, but how detrimental is it to humans compared to the glacial and interglacial periods of the ice age? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2u3b",
"comment_text": [
"I don't think it's so much as to whether humans would survive, but rather that society could not be sustained as we know it. Millions of people would be displaced, there would be a huge migrant crisis. Weather will (and already has started to) become more vio... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2q1y",
"comment_text": [
"It's not just about how warm or cold it is. It's about how quickly it's changing.",
"This xkcd",
" helps put it into perspective.",
"When temperatures change over thousands of years, species can adapt. Some go extinct, but others grow more/less fur ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2poq",
"comment_text": [
"No one's saying it's the end of humanity, but it's certainly going to be a huge cost and and social upheaval. Cities near the coast will be flooded due to sea level rising, agricultural regions will change, areas of the earth will become inhospitable, prompting ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2v1m",
"comment_text": [
"Because the change is much too fast, and there's too many of us.",
"The first is simple. Adaption takes time. When you're dealing with several degrees and likely major local weather changes in a short time (on an evolutionary scale), some species probably fal... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w44b7",
"comment_text": [
"The keyword is drastic : what previously took hundreds to thousands of years can now take place ",
" faster, possibly within a generation.",
"Also, there wasn't a world-encompassing civilization during the last Ice Age as well as the Interglacial Period..... |
ELI5:How does the ignitor on a gas stove stop igniting once the flame is lit | explainlikeimfive | 5cfohh | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.5 | to clarify my stove continues to spark in any position on the knob until the flame lights | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w5ffw",
"comment_text": [
"Automatic ignition (aka auto reignition) is a relatively new, high end feature. So many people with gas stoves won't be familiar with it. ",
"It turns out that the gas flame produces a slight ionization that allow the flame to conduct some electricity. There... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2li2",
"comment_text": [
"The ones I know only fire when the gas control is turned to a certain position turning them on. Once the gas lights you turn the knob slightly and the igniter quits.",
"I have a wall gas heater. When I want to light its pilot I push a button which produces th... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2ic8",
"comment_text": [
"The ignition is nothing more than a spark that ignites the gas. Even if it goes off while the stove is lit it wouldn't do anything as the gas is already burning. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2wws",
"comment_text": [
"If it's electric, it stops because once you move the dial a little bit it opens the circuit and the sparking stops. If it's a pilot light, there's a small flame that's always lit under the stove."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w39hv",
"comment_text": [
"Usually the knob is spring loaded on the portion of the turn that turns the igniter on. Once you remove your hand, the spring just turns the knob back enough to stop the igniter from sparking. It is just a switch that you control with your hand. I'm sure there... |
ELI5: Illegals and taxes | explainlikeimfive | 5cfb4w | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.5 | If they work with fake social security, who collects the money next year April 15th? Does the US government benefit from this, how does the US spend that amount of treasury? Do illegals receive welfare? Why not give all of them social until their status is decided? And fast track procedures. | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9vzsn8",
"comment_text": [
"If they work with fake social security, who collects the money next year April 15th?",
"The IRS keeps the tax monies received if a fake SSN is used.",
"Does the US government benefit from this, how does the US spend that amount of treasury?",
"The US ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9w2nr6",
"comment_text": [
"You gave some great information, but I would like to take it a step further.",
"The U.S. government likes receiving money, so much so that they are not too particular about where it comes from. In the same way that monies withheld from the earnings of a fake ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9vzesn",
"comment_text": [
"\"Other\""
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9vzesn",
"comment_text": [
"\"Other\""
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9wo14s",
"comment_text": [
"If they work with fake social security, who collects the money next year April 15th?",
"No one. The IRS collects the money throughout the year, via withholding from the employer. Nothing particular happens on April 15th. An illegal alien using a fake SSN i... |
ELI5: Why do characters in movies that take place in the past have British accents, even if the setting is nowhere near Britain? | explainlikeimfive | 5c8u1r | 1 | Other | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uijzn",
"comment_text": [
"If they're in the past for the United States, it's because most of the early settlers in the US came from Britain. If it's Australia, same story. If it's not either of those, I'm going to need an example of what you mean."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ujgt6",
"comment_text": [
"That is sort of the default historical accent, I guess because most of the great Shakespearean actors were British, and so directors nowadays associate a British accent with a higher class production and better acting.",
"If it's in english, what else could t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ulcqs",
"comment_text": [
"Good question. It's because most movies are made by Americans and the British are close-enough culturally to understand yet the accent gives away the difference between the countries. This allows viewers to easily understand what is going on (the English langua... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9unyzw",
"comment_text": [
"http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/TheQueensLatin"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uj3hy",
"comment_text": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enemy_at_the_Gates"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: What happens on the new president's first day, does he undergo a training day? | explainlikeimfive | 5c89rs | 43 | Other | true | false | 0.7 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uim9g",
"comment_text": [
"I just pictured Obama describing how precisely to bang on the vending machine to get the candy to fall out. "
],
"score": 82
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9udpfb",
"comment_text": [
"The President elect already started to get briefings and preparation prior to their actual election. Their \"first day\" will likely be mostly taken up with preparation for the ceremony to swear them into the office, and the ensuing speeches and events afterwards... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9udvuy",
"comment_text": [
"So they don't show him how to use the coffee machine then?"
],
"score": 33
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uiw6a",
"comment_text": [
"There's a knack to it."
],
"score": 17
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uniew",
"comment_text": [
"G Dubs taught me this one, you just gotta finesse it the right way. "
],
"score": 14
} | |
ELI5: Why isn't the U.S. Supreme Court required to be politically balanced? | explainlikeimfive | 5c7scx | 89 | Other | true | false | 0.7 | 3 liberals, 3 conservatives, 3 moderates? Considering they are appointed with life tenure by the president, shouldn't it be representative of many sides? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ub1hu",
"comment_text": [
"Ideally the supreme court should not be political at all. This is part of the reason why congress have to approve the supreme justices. The justices are appointed to make sure the will of the congress is followed and not their own will. If you were to make sure t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uepm0",
"comment_text": [
"That's the beauty of the system. The justices are supposed to interpret the law as it's written, not to create new law based on their own politics. If a power isn't plain in the letter of the la, did Congress clearly intend it? That's what they're debating. It's ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uangr",
"comment_text": [
"\"Required\" how precisely? Who decides what is conservative, liberal, or moderate? The UK for example has conservatives who would be considered hard-line liberals in the US.",
"There is no way to require balance without in effect making the arbiter of what \... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ube2u",
"comment_text": [
"Two things. First, Supreme Court appointments is one of the powers that the president has. If one ideology controls the presidency for a long time, that will be reflected in the appointments which are made to the court. This is in part a story of how prevaili... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9uful6",
"comment_text": [
"So then a nominee thinks \"hey, there's a slot for a liberal open, I'm conservative but I'll just say I'm liberal and go for the promotion\".",
"Your natural response will probably be that someone should backcheck the judge's case history to validate their li... |
ELI5: What would actually happen if California left the union? | explainlikeimfive | 5c3a1b | 1 | Other | true | false | 0.57 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9t9zee",
"comment_text": [
"Since there's no legal mechanism for this to happen at the moment, the answer would strongly depend on whatever sort of mechanism is actually built. Both groups would at least suffer some economic damage, but it could be anything from economic hardship to actual ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9taqh0",
"comment_text": [
"War. Cali is about 1/7th of the US economy, and it provides roughly 50% of its non-cereal agricultural resources. ",
"Don't worry though, they also don't have enough water or electricity to make it work. Maybe if they'd invested in nuke plants over the last d... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9tandq",
"comment_text": [
"Secession was ruled illegal in ",
" in 1868. If a state decides to secede, the Federal Government would have to intervene. This would likely look like the National Guard or even the Army moving in to restore order. If the citizens in the seceding state fight ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9tarb0",
"comment_text": [
"It would be an act of treason and our unstable president would hunt them down. If they do it right now, maybe civil war? I feel like I'm taking crazy pills..."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9tauj4",
"comment_text": [
"Not going to happen. Several states tried it before. There was no clause in the constitution forbidding it. Lincoln said no. There was a war. The South lost the war of Northern Aggression. Do not try it."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: Why do long-term partners often pass away soon after one another? | explainlikeimfive | 5c2ynp | 1 | Other | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9t8apy",
"comment_text": [
"Because it's sweet when it happens, so you hear about it. For the millions of people who's lifelong partners passed away decades before them, it's depressing so you don't hear about it."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9t8vgn",
"comment_text": [
"because generally they are the same age and trends point towards old people dying around the same age?"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9tloyd",
"comment_text": [
"I think it has something to do with the partnership. For long term partners, alot of times one person does the majority of a certain chore and the other does the majority of another. They become so co dependent or interdependent that they literally need each othe... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ttfc6",
"comment_text": [
"I am an actuary and have priced joint survivorship products and studied this. We call it \"broken heart syndrome\" and indeed, there is a higher mortality rate for a surviving spouse compared to the general population. It makes sense - if a person you've built ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9t83o7",
"comment_text": [
"Emotional distress has real physical symptoms and sometimes the person's health is not sufficient to deal with those symptoms long. They often also lose the will to maintain their conditions (exercise, eating right, etc) and so their health can slip for those rea... | |
ELI5: How do you become a Canadian permanent resident? | explainlikeimfive | 5bylal | 20 | Other | true | false | 0.74 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9sahv5",
"comment_text": [
"There are standards for becoming a Canadian permemant resident, and unfortunately you don't fit the criteria.",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/personalfinance/comments/53hxvp/20_year_old_working_a_dead_end_job_with_an_income/"
],
"score": 10
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9sbbb2",
"comment_text": [
"You wanted an answer and I gave you the answer.",
"You need to start taking accountability for your actions and accepting the truth of your scenario."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9sba73",
"comment_text": [
"I'd say it's pretty damn relevant. "
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9sbnl0",
"comment_text": [
"WEW LAD THATS SPICY"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9sbtek",
"comment_text": [
"Has I gone too far?",
"Has I gone MENTAL?"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5:Why does soup make you feel better when you're sick? | explainlikeimfive | 5bx5fd | 23 | Other | true | false | 0.65 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rxufk",
"comment_text": [
"It's easily digested and generally warm which needs less energy to absorb. It provides fluids, nutrients, and calories very easily. On to of that, the placebo effect from having been told your whole life that it works."
],
"score": 51
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ryedz",
"comment_text": [
"Hydration and electrolytes. Mounting an immune response uses a whole lot of water and salt."
],
"score": 14
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9s57po",
"comment_text": [
"Chicken noodle soup became popular when it was cooked with real bones. Bone broth is highly nutrient-dense. Plus, it tastes yummy and is easy to swallow if you have a sore throat. "
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9s8lxv",
"comment_text": [
"not to mention the garlic and onion used in it helps open your head up and you breathe better. some studies indicate that onion and garlic can help you recover faster from a cold"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9sqvnq",
"comment_text": [
"Here's a breakdown the various ingredients and their properties of chicken noodle soup:",
"Nutrients from chicken noodle soup can aid with that support system. Studies have shown that a hearty bowl of chicken soup may help you to clear nasal congestion and ha... | |
ELI5 Lots of animals, including primates, are territorial and are hostile to outsiders.Could this fact go some way to explain xenophobia and racism in humans. | explainlikeimfive | 5btzxj | 3 | Other | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9r6x44",
"comment_text": [
"Probably not. They are territorial to those not part of their direct social group, they don't divide among lines of \"similar to me good, different to me bad\". "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rca71",
"comment_text": [
"Ah, but when your social group is all people who look like you, wouldn't it make sense that it is easier to accept people who look like you into your social group? "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rdmos",
"comment_text": [
"being territorial may have evolved into our distrust of strangers, which that could be linked to racism/xenophobia, but only due to humans tending to living in homogeneous groups. Even then people aren't innately racist, Distrust and caution towards the unknown i... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rchyk",
"comment_text": [
"Those territorial animals attack other animals who look identical to them. They attack all outsiders. What your saying isn't necessarily wrong, just not relevant to this example."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rd8kb",
"comment_text": [
"I disagree. OP isn't asking if being territorial is the same as being racist/xenophobic. OP is asking if the territorialness of chimps is linked to our own racism and xenophobia. So when we evolved from primates, did our territorial tendencies also evolve? "
],... | |
ELI5: Why does America have such a weird voting system? | explainlikeimfive | 5bui4l | 50 | Other | true | false | 0.73 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rd5tl",
"comment_text": [
"The answer is rooted in history. ",
"When America was founded, there were no political parties. At least, not in the sense that we think of them. It was believed that there would be many candidates running on different platform. Further complicated matters, t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9retx9",
"comment_text": [
"It also doesn't help that the two major third parties in the US are both rather insane, and thus are marginalized",
"I think this is really just an outcome of the FPTP system. Like you said, we have two big tent parties that covers anyone. Any sane person is ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9retx9",
"comment_text": [
"It also doesn't help that the two major third parties in the US are both rather insane, and thus are marginalized",
"I think this is really just an outcome of the FPTP system. Like you said, we have two big tent parties that covers anyone. Any sane person is ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rel7m",
"comment_text": [
"tl;dr: it was set up this way, it's hard to change, and the people who could change it have everything to lose and nothing to gain by trynig.",
"It's sad to see the system put in place by our forefathers, designed to prevent an abuse of power, now being used ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9rkk07",
"comment_text": [
"It depends how you look at it. A Prime Minister has the support of Parliament by definition, so usually they are able to pass whatever laws they like as long as they keep that support.",
"But the US President can't do that because their party might not have a... | |
ELI5: why aren't fracking waste earthquakes in Oklahoma (that release tension building up) a good thing? | explainlikeimfive | 5bpphd | 1 | Other | true | false | 0.57 | I grew up in Southern CA, and I always heard that little earthquakes were a good thing because they released tension and helped prevent a really big earthquake. Now that Oklahoma is apparently having more little earthquakes from fracking waste, why isn't that a good thing? It seems like all that tension would have been... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qdqa8",
"comment_text": [
"It is the fracking that is building up that pressure. It is not a natural fault being released. In California you have natural pressure building and so small earthquakes are a good thing, but in places without active faults it is fully artificial and not good at ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qbecv",
"comment_text": [
"You were told that in CA because a major fault line (as well as hundreds of smaller fault lines) run through the state. Fault lines are places where earthquakes naturally occur, which is why pretty much every building in CA is designed with earthquakes in mind, ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qbtvt",
"comment_text": [
"There is tension, and smaller faults are all over the crust. However, they don't slip easily like at major fault lines, rather the weight of the Earth and pressure holds them together. So there's too much friction for them to slide for the most part.",
"Injec... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qh87d",
"comment_text": [
"You might get a fair number of local quakes. I wouldn't expect anything on the scale of continental plates."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qblyr",
"comment_text": [
"so there's no tension waiting to be released from the ground",
"Why do they have earthquakes then? I don't understand it."
],
"score": 1
} |
ELI5: Why is the phrase "used to" as in "I used to do that" grammatically correct? What EXACTLY does it mean? | explainlikeimfive | 5bpflo | 6 | Other | true | false | 0.69 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9q95r1",
"comment_text": [
"So, the phrase isn't \"used to\" - it's \"used\" + the infinitive \"to do.\"",
"Why is that important? Because the noun \"use\" once meant \"habit,\" and the verb \"to use\" meant \"to habitually do.\" The majority of that definition has fallen out of favor... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9q9bxq",
"comment_text": [
"I see people are trying to explain what the phrase means, but obviously you're wondering ",
" the word \"used\" means that, in this context. That's a good question, since it's a bit antiquated. ",
"The phrase goes back about 600-700 years, when \"used\" a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9q8g59",
"comment_text": [
"It means that I habitually did that, but I no longer do that.",
"It's pretty ordinary grammar; notice the identical structure:"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qbkb2",
"comment_text": [
"Indeed, that is a grammatical error."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9q8t4l",
"comment_text": [
"But what is the present tense? Where is the word derived?",
"I want to eat.",
"I need to rest.",
"I tend to yawn.",
"I use to worry doesn't make sense. ",
"I think maybe that is what OP is asking? "
],
"score": 0
} |
ELI5; Why is it impossible for me to imagine a completely original human face I've never seen before? | explainlikeimfive | 5bpitq | 23 | Other | true | false | 0.83 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9q95oq",
"comment_text": [
"Because our own definition for a face is based on previous examples. It's like saying \"think of a color you've never seen before.\" How could you? Our experiences dictate the possible configurations. ",
"Of course, if you really wanted to be creative, you co... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qahzc",
"comment_text": [
"OP must think that all cartoon characters have faces that the animators have seen before, or that it is impossible to imagine what one person would look like with a different nose or eye color. If you would like to see colors you haven't seen before: ",
"Impo... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qceg1",
"comment_text": [
"weird. i can totally do the \"yellow-blue\" cross eyed thing. "
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qh3ew",
"comment_text": [
"i can make it look like it's two yellow and blue oils sloshing around each other in a pan, and i can also kind of \"force\" them to merge into a weird color i can only describe as dark green yellow."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qkio7",
"comment_text": [
"yeah. for me, the best way to describe it is if you made a giant checker board with the blue and yellow colors, and stood back to let the colors sort of mix but not quite... ugh. it's strange. it reminds me of an almost teal color. "
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5 Why can't an independent sports league, such as UFC, MLB, NFL etc., allow steroids if they wanted? WWF and weightlifting have no problem with them. | explainlikeimfive | 5bsas5 | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qvnbg",
"comment_text": [
"In some cases it is a matter of law. Some substances like steroids can have an effect on public health and is therefore banned in some countries but not in others. This means athletes can not train and compete on equal grounds. The question of drugs in sport is q... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qvv90",
"comment_text": [
"I'd advise looking up the WWE wellness policy which has been in place for over a decade, their wrestlers don't use steroids any more (or at least no more than any UFC, MLB or NFL athletes), so you should stop using them as an example of an organisation that don't... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qvuqr",
"comment_text": [
"it is well known and/or accepted that their wrestlers use them.",
"It's really not. There are frequent suspensions for banned substance use. Even their most popular babyface was recently suspended for 60 days.",
"That is the reason. Because they're not sa... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qvybt",
"comment_text": [
"Sorry, are we still talking about performance enhancing steroids that will rarely be prescribed by a doctor?"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9qwn5r",
"comment_text": [
"I can disagree, because of the examples you gave, two (Hogan and Goldberg) were from before the wellness policy existed, so are no more relevant than using Bonds as evidence of the laxity of the MLB's current system, and the Lesnar situation has been discussed el... | |
ELI5:If I listen to a recording of my voice, would it sound the same as how others hear it? | explainlikeimfive | 5bm478 | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.5 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9phzdb",
"comment_text": [
"What you hear on the recording is what everyone else hears. You're the only one that hears your voice the way you perceive it when you're talking because it's coming from inside your head."
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9pi1i4",
"comment_text": [
"Simple answer: yes.",
"Why don't you hear your voice like other hear it? ",
"Because you hear your voice through the sound that travels as sound waves through the air (like everyone hears it) ",
" through the sound that travels through your body and b... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9pilg0",
"comment_text": [
"It really depends on what you understand by others. If your question is whether the recorded voice is the one that is closer to what others perceive, that's true, but at the same time the way people hear things is quite different, at least as far as subtle detail... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9pjxh1",
"comment_text": [
"Simple answer: They hear you like you sound in the recording.",
"Why don't you hear your voice like others hear it?",
"Because you hear your voice through the sound that travels as sound waves through the air (like everyone hears it) and through the sound... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9piwn5",
"comment_text": [
"Your comment has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"Top level comments",
" are reserved for explanations to the OP or follow up on topic questions.",
"Anecdotes, while allowed elsewhere in the thread, may not exist at the top level.",
"d... |
ELI5: What Does the US Government do With Taxes They Receive? | explainlikeimfive | 5bn8ye | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.46 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9pqrf6",
"comment_text": [
"There is a really nice breakdown of how tax revenues are spent here: ",
"https://www.nationalpriorities.org/budget-basics/federal-budget-101/spending/"
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9pqrkk",
"comment_text": [
"It uses those funds to pay for things that the government provides, like national defense, highways, food inspectors, weather forecasting, housing assistance, nutrition assistance, and many other things."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ps41e",
"comment_text": [
"the government hires contractors for most things. They don't have on-staff government construction people to build schools and roads. They hire construction companies. So yes, it is regular spending by companies... but their ",
" and the one's ultimately f... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ps7st",
"comment_text": [
"If you can borrow money at a low interest rate and then invest that money for a higher return, you are making free money. The government borrows billions and billions, but they are the US Government, so they can borrow at a much lower interest rate than you or m... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ptv0v",
"comment_text": [
"I think this is my whole theory. Businesses and general public would spend the saved Tax Dollars more efficiently than the US government. As your example above, the Gov is buying lots of boats..lol"
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: How does the Ocean and Air Temperate create a difference between the weather in Lakeland, FL and Tampa, FL? | explainlikeimfive | 5bjsk1 | 1 | Other | true | false | 0.6 | Why is there a difference in temperature between these two areas? What creates the differences? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9p1mwj",
"comment_text": [
"Water needs to absorb more energy than dry air to warm up and needs to lose more energy than dry air to cool off. When warm air passes over, the land that is close to water won't heat up as much as a city that's further from the water.",
"The opposite is true... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9q5f9v",
"comment_text": [
"Would depend on the season. For example, I live in Michigan. The land right next to Lake Michigan doesn't get as hot in the summer because it's closer to the lake, there's also some extra water in the air to help regulate temperatures. But in the winter all that ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9p1zod",
"comment_text": [
"This is wrong. Mermaids turn into invisible fairies and change the air temperature to punish white people."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9p2aph",
"comment_text": [
"Thanks :) So I guess the weather in Tampa would be hotter because there is more water surrounding it, and it's closer to the water than it is away from it?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9r4hgr",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you very much for your answers :)"
],
"score": 1
} |
ELI5: What emotions are being experienced when we cringe at something? | explainlikeimfive | 5bit3a | 17 | Other | true | false | 0.64 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9oy8sd",
"comment_text": [
"Exactly. Everytime I see something cringy on youtube I feel so embarrassed. Then I need to pause the video, tell myself that it's not me and to not give a fuk. It helps. "
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9oy8sd",
"comment_text": [
"Exactly. Everytime I see something cringy on youtube I feel so embarrassed. Then I need to pause the video, tell myself that it's not me and to not give a fuk. It helps. "
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9p5zx1",
"comment_text": [
"It's perceived embarrassment, so sometimes your cringe is even less relevant than that. Not everyone is embarrassed by the same things"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9pgsgr",
"comment_text": [
"In German the word \"fremdschämen\" is used. It literally means foreign-embarrassment and describes a feeling of being embarrassed/awkward with someone else's actions."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9p2jk3",
"comment_text": [
"Totally. I almost never embarrass myself, but my second-hand embarrassment due to the the unfortunate awkwardness of others is strong. "
],
"score": 0
} | |
ELI5: The feeling of malaise felt after a nap. | explainlikeimfive | 5bismv | 8 | Other | true | false | 0.66 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ov2j8",
"comment_text": [
"Depending on the length of a nap you may have suffered from SLEEEEEP INEEEERTIA! Basically you slept too long to have a nap and not long enough for actual sleep. So as you wake up you're pushing through the \"stay asleep\" hormones and generally making your body ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9p6lzs",
"comment_text": [
"I typically try to avoid naps, but had no choice but to succumb to a nap this afternoon. I slept for about forty-five minutes, and after I woke, I felt shitty the rest of the day."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9pea3y",
"comment_text": [
"Try to sleep in ",
"intervals of 90 minutes",
" or 10-20 minute short naps. It really does help. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9oz07l",
"comment_text": [
"hah i heard that in a 60's esque loud speaker voice"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9oz5ax",
"comment_text": [
"Are you fighting the good fight against communism? You may be eligible for a new television! They come in both black! And white! Just be sure to have a proper American nap for no longer than twenty minutes to increase productivity!"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5 Tasty Subs acquired a delivery truck on October 1, 2015, for $21,600. The company estimates a residual value of $1,200 and a six-year service life. | explainlikeimfive | 5bhqhk | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.45 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ol7or",
"comment_text": [
"$850? ",
"You should really post this to a more appropriate sub, like ",
"/r/cheatatmathhomework",
"."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9olcmq",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you! How did you get that answer?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9olhn6",
"comment_text": [
"$21,600 initial purchase, six year usage and residual value of $1,200, giving you a depreciation of $20,400. I then divided it by 6 years and multiplied by (3 months/12 months). ",
"I have no clue if that is right. ",
" I seem to have calculated the dep... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ompqf",
"comment_text": [
"850 is correct for 2015 i already had the answer for 2016 for 3,400 thanks"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9oovy0",
"comment_text": [
"Your submission has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"ELI5 is for questions with objective explanations.",
"Information about a specific or narrow issue (personal problems, private experiences, legal questions, medical inquiries, how-to, relati... | |
ELI5: Why do third party candidates even run? Do they honestly think they have a chance, or is it more of a strategic move to take votes away from a major party's candidate? | explainlikeimfive | 5bhwa2 | 22 | Other | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9onq9h",
"comment_text": [
"Like soccer, national politics is something that the majority of Americans only pay attention to every four years. Launching a 3rd party bid gets exposure for them and their parties that they may be able to translate into more support, votes, donations, etc. They... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9oy9h9",
"comment_text": [
"This country didn't start with the Dems and Republicans, nor is it part of the Founding Father's plans. Although it hasn't happened in anyone's living lifespan, it is entirely possible we can have new parties emerge, especially with the power of the internet. I... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9otuwb",
"comment_text": [
"Many times, politicians of third parties will run in order to bring attention to certain issues with no intention of winning and forcing major parties to pay attention to the issues or lose support. ",
"Ralph Nader ran in 2000 under the platform of focusing o... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9oxe9v",
"comment_text": [
"Maybe the third party people earnestly believe in their ideas and they are trying to promote them and gradually garner more and more support over the years and thus gradually change politics to make it more like they think it should be?"
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9onr5w",
"comment_text": [
"It is generally a strategic move to garner attention for their party in smaller elections. Libertarians and Greens for example have a small number of local and state offices, and the Libertarians have had legitimate shots at a few governorships.",
"Some of th... | |
ELI5 : Why is it that in an insect's [Ant, fly...] perspective humans appear to be moving slowly??? | explainlikeimfive | 5bfwuk | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.5 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o5e4s",
"comment_text": [
"I hate to break it to you, but works of fiction, like movies, tv, novels, are not scientifically accurate. They often make things up for artistic reasons."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o8fyu",
"comment_text": [
"You are talking nonsense. ",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_rate#Frame_rate_and_human_vision"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o7lo2",
"comment_text": [
"Are you talking about nature movies depicting real insects or fictional representations?",
"High speed photography may have something to do with the viewer's perception that time is moving slowly for those other than the insect.",
"Also, if you smoke mari... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9urk35",
"comment_text": [
"In order to keep the various parts of your body in sync, the brain operates on a slight delay as signals from the furthest parts of the body reach it. The larger the body, the longer the delay. This, combined with other factors that contribute far more than this ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o6v8s",
"comment_text": [
"This is mostly artistic interpretation. Perception of movement and time is different for every organism. For example, imagine the perspective of a humming bird. Being able to control your position in space by hovering accurately, the world may indeed appear to... |
ELI5: What Is Ethical Egoism? | explainlikeimfive | 5beoad | 8 | Other | true | false | 0.63 | Hey guys, I am aware this is a philosophical term, and I'd like to learn what it actually means, and perhaps even a real world application of it. Thanks. | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nxa3x",
"comment_text": [
"Ethical egoism is the idea that you only ever act in your own self interest. For example if i give to charity, its because it makes me feel like a good person. People will also think better of me.",
"There was a famous ethical egoist (whom i forget) who was o... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nyoqu",
"comment_text": [
"I completely disagree, and what you just sourced didn't sound like ELI5 material at all. ",
"Ethical egoism is the normative ethical position that moral agents ought to do what is in their own self-interest.",
"How is that ELI5? Too many foreign philosoph... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ny499",
"comment_text": [
"Actually, egoism is the idea that you only do things that are in your self interest. Ethical egoism is the idea that it is right to do only what is in your own interest. It's a subtle but interesting distinction. ",
"Suppose one child asks another whether t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nxi01",
"comment_text": [
"That's really interesting. Thank you for educating me! "
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ny7yg",
"comment_text": [
"Not quite, you're close, but it's more subtle than that. You've described a basic form of egotism, but not what separates egoism from ethical egoism or any other variation. "
],
"score": 1
} |
ELI5: How can I kiss my two girlfriends and one boyfriend? (btw I'm 15, my two girlfriends are 14 and 15 and my boyfriend is 17) | explainlikeimfive | 5bfjr2 | 0 | Other | true | true | 0.14 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o2n7y",
"comment_text": [
"all at once"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o2n7y",
"comment_text": [
"all at once"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o2wsa",
"comment_text": [
"okay"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o2wsa",
"comment_text": [
"okay"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9o2odd",
"comment_text": [
"I'm completely lost. What is happening right now? Did Freddie also finger you while you spent 5 nights there OP?"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: If the moon can eclipse the sun why can we see stars every night? | explainlikeimfive | 5bekqt | 2 | Other | true | false | 0.55 | If the moon can almost entirely block out our sun shouldn't there be a massive amount of planets between us and the stars to block them out too? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nw6ge",
"comment_text": [
"The moon can block out the sun because it's massively closer than any planets. Sometimes that one really bright star you might see in the night sky is actually Venus. It's just a tiny point of light and it's the closest planet to the earth. Other planets in our o... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nwyxj",
"comment_text": [
"...and the moon only blocks the sight of the sun to a ",
" small portion of the planet for a limited amount of time."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nwd8k",
"comment_text": [
"They only marginally dim the light due to the sizes and distances involved. My thumb is very near and can block a sun sized object, but my thumb at twice the distance doesn't stand a chance.",
"This dimming of light from other stars when exoplanets transit in... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nw5ot",
"comment_text": [
"I think you answered your own question. It is speculated that there are billions of light producing extraterrestrial objects (mostly stars). The tiny amount you can see in the sky are they ones that miraculously didn't get eclipsed by the other billions of object... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9nwcxd",
"comment_text": [
"The moon can cause an eclipse due the distance between the earth and the sun and their sizes. The moon is and the sun are just the right size and distance to cause them to appear to br same size in our sky.",
"I believe the sun is 40 times greater in size an... |
ELI5: Why do we sometimes get paradox like dreams? | explainlikeimfive | 5ba39l | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.47 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9mve7i",
"comment_text": [
"Dreams are pretty much a side-effect of your brain sorting through memories (which happens when you sleep). They have no meaning beyond that. "
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9n26ek",
"comment_text": [
"It's still true, though. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9n25ub",
"comment_text": [
"That's not \"meaning\". That's cause and effect. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9n2r92",
"comment_text": [
"Didn't have to downvote me there but thanks. It does have a personal meaning. Two people can have the same dream but have it mean something completely different to them if/ when they remember it due to differentiating circumstances in their respective lives. If y... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9namaw",
"comment_text": [
"Inception isn't a dream within a dream, it's the act of implanting an external thought in the subconscious of a dreaming human. ",
"If you're trying to play a scifi heist movie as scientific fact, art least do your research. "
],
"score": 2
} |
ELI5: What happens if the US Department of Justice is suspected of being corrupt? How would such a case be investigated, and who would prosecute? | explainlikeimfive | 5b7mbs | 19 | Other | true | true | 0.77 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9mdoix",
"comment_text": [
"Probably a special prosecutor would be appointed. When, for example, Bill Clinton was being investigated for various things including relations with Monica Lewinsky, a special prosecutor Ken Star was appointed to head the investigation. "
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9merax",
"comment_text": [
"Ken Starr probably isn't the best example given that he spent over $10 million trying to bring down Bill Clinton . And now he's been forced to resign from Baylor for much of the same behavior that Clinton exhibited. I would say that covering up a culture of sexua... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9meos4",
"comment_text": [
"There have been a number of scandals within the Justice Department itself. The Senate Judiciary Committee has some power to step in.",
"Going backwards in time, Attorney General Alberto Gonzalez was pressured to resign in 2007 because of a scandal involving ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9me8ha",
"comment_text": [
"The original Ken Starr investigation was for the Whitewater real estate deal. The Lewinsky information came out as a byproduct of that investigation."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9mpdka",
"comment_text": [
"I remember being 15, pulling the Starr Report from IRC and being disappointed it wasn't the spank bank promised by Republicans. ",
"You got me once, evangelicals."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5 what is the theory behind juries? Why can't judges just make all the decisions? | explainlikeimfive | 5b2xwg | 8 | Other | true | false | 0.72 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lbr4d",
"comment_text": [
"The idea behind juries is that you don't want to turn judges into an elite ruling class that has total power over people. That kind of power is easy to abuse.",
"Plus, laws are supposed to be a reflection of society itself determining what rules it wants to ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lde3a",
"comment_text": [
"Basically, to get every single case to be treated as unique. ",
"Human brains are so hardwired for pattern recognition that we frequently see ones that don't exist (e.g. rain dances, old medicine, etc).",
"As skilled as judges are, they are not above the ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9li5eq",
"comment_text": [
"I work for a judge. I am in court every time he is. Because of the amount of cases that come before the court, you develop a very jaded or cynical view about things very quickly. Juries take some of that cynicism out of the system and probably result in a more fa... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lo6m7",
"comment_text": [
"Well, generally yes. I would trust a judge's opinion on someone more than a member of the general population.",
"However, the collective experience of twelve random individuals is more reliably unbiased than the experience of one judge.",
"Some countries ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lhnee",
"comment_text": [
"I like what others have said. Also diffusion of responsibility. ",
"You see juries in cases like felony cases and capital (death penalty) cases. ",
"If we're going to send someone to prison for life, or take away their life, it's a good idea to diffuse ... | |
ELI5: What are the measures being voted on in California in 2016 | explainlikeimfive | 5b3lai | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.4 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lgojo",
"comment_text": [
"The sample ballot sent to voters has that information. The California Secretary of State has this on ",
"their fine website",
"."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lhxu2",
"comment_text": [
"Just Google \"California ballot measures\" You should have sites come up that have good explanations of the measures. That's what I did."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ljqiy",
"comment_text": [
"Voting questions go the voting megathread. Here's a link to it. ",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/591nem/eli5_2016_presidential_election_faq_megathread/",
". You could also try ",
"/r/California",
" and ",
"/r/California_... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lpy37",
"comment_text": [
"And the /California election megathread:",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/California/comments/53v1gu/the_california_november_2016_election_megathread/"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9lg0ta",
"comment_text": [
"other"
],
"score": 0
} | |
ELI5: How can modern libraries copyright ancient manuscripts that they merely scan in? | explainlikeimfive | 5axkax | 1 | Other | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k4rrv",
"comment_text": [
"No. You cannot copyright something that has already entered the public domain. You can copyright a variation on it ( what Disney does with most of their movies), but you cannot copyright the original work. "
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k6d55",
"comment_text": [
"Sure, Disney copyrights their character art and their scripts, etc. using out of copyright stories. ",
"But if you take a moment to visit GettyImages you can search \"Daguerreotype\" and ruling out any of them that have a frame, they still charge royalty fees... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k6h2z",
"comment_text": [
"They are copyrighting their specific photo. That is a product they have made. It is not a scam, you have no right to view the object, they are selling you that viewing. It is the same reason many museums charge an entry fee. "
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k82jh",
"comment_text": [
"Not the same as a museum. Museum's charge entry fees because they are selling the experience of their space, their property (physical, not intellectual). ",
"Now, as to their specific photo, my question gets at (at least in the US) the concept of authorship.... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k4uso",
"comment_text": [
"Their particular style and method. Dictionaries are also copyrighted under the same sort of copyright. So is photography of landscapes. Anybody can go out there and photograph that same landscape from that same position, but that one is yours and if someone uses ... | |
ELI5: How do the toasters at subway melt the cheese & make the meat warm without making the bun too crispy? | explainlikeimfive | 5b04dt | 140 | Other | true | false | 0.83 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ksbdy",
"comment_text": [
"Start a small fire inside your microwave before you use it."
],
"score": 53
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9kq3xi",
"comment_text": [
"It uses microwave in addition to convection heat (hot circulating air). The one we had at Safeway also had infrared lights w/weird reflector plates top and bottom."
],
"score": 45
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9krxuc",
"comment_text": [
"So there's no special technique I can do at home with my toaster? :'("
],
"score": 19
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ks5ri",
"comment_text": [
"If you want to do this then put it into the oven at a low temp ( like 300 degrees ) and wait for the cheese to melt! Obviously the bun will toast as well, but it will be a lot slower. "
],
"score": 11
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ksgyy",
"comment_text": [
"Turn your oven to broil and leave the door cracked. Let it warm up for 5 minutes. Place your sandwich open faced on a light aluminum tray (or on foil). Leave the tray in for 2-4 minutes about 6 inches from the top of the oven. Results may vary"
],
"score": 7
... | |
ELI5: Whats the best way to solve gerrymandering? | explainlikeimfive | 5axdcy | 1 | Other | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k37un",
"comment_text": [
"Your comment has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"Top level comments",
" are reserved for explanations to the OP or follow up on topic questions.",
"Joke-only comments, while allowed elsewhere in the thread, may not exist at the top level.... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k37un",
"comment_text": [
"Your comment has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"Top level comments",
" are reserved for explanations to the OP or follow up on topic questions.",
"Joke-only comments, while allowed elsewhere in the thread, may not exist at the top level.... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k36bz",
"comment_text": [
"Scrap the political party system altogether. Or at least make all primaries open. "
],
"score": 0
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k36bz",
"comment_text": [
"Scrap the political party system altogether. Or at least make all primaries open. "
],
"score": 0
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k44m8",
"comment_text": [
"Partisanship is the ultimate root cause - one party using any and all tactics to secure lasting power. If everyone in a state can vote for either House or Senate candidate in a primary it renders districts moot. "
],
"score": 0
} | |
ELI5: How significant is the Cubs winning the World Series in the world of baseball? | explainlikeimfive | 5awxfn | 2 | Other | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9jzhro",
"comment_text": [
"The World Series is the championship of the top baseball league in the US/Canada. This top league, Major League Baseball is the oldest major sports league in the US, dating back to 1876 (or some would say 1871). The Cubs along with the Braves are the two franch... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9jzjda",
"comment_text": [
"I don't know anything about soccer either here or there, but I'll try to fill you in on some baseball. First of all, the Mets are a team so good job :). Second, the World Series isn't the league, it's the championship of our baseball league, the MLB. This \"Wor... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k2kx3",
"comment_text": [
"I just looked them up, most MLB teams either wear a solid color or thin pin stripes so I don't think any are very close "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k5oys",
"comment_text": [
"Hah shit man idk. Do you like any other American sports teams "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9k73th",
"comment_text": [
"The Knicks are basketball as well, Philly's basketball team is the 76ers. So maybe go with one of those city's baseball teams. New York has the Mets and the Yankees, philly has the Phillies "
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: If 0.2 amps could kill me, why doesn't the average 15A or 20A wall outlet do any serious harm? | explainlikeimfive | 5as4vf | 1 | Other | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9j5huz",
"comment_text": [
"I think you have a basic misunderstanding of how electricity works. A 15A or 20A outlet can deliver those currents if required to do so - they are ",
" values that the outlet can handle. The amount of current that ",
" flows at any time depends on the vol... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9j7jq0",
"comment_text": [
"This is not the kind of question that has a clear yes/no answer. Too many variables. Even the amount of salt in your bloodstream can make a difference. It might not kill you, but leave you wishing it had. Just Don't, M'Kay?"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9jcnbl",
"comment_text": [
"You would drop like a rock. If you grab the hot in one hand, the neutral in the other, the only path for the electricity is through your chest. It wouldn't matter if you were standing on a foot thick block of rubber."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9j7b8k",
"comment_text": [
"So if I'm wearing boots, not wet at all, not touching anything metal, and grab the neutral and the hot, would it be fatal?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9kjgzd",
"comment_text": [
"It's normally said that ventricular fibrillation kicks in around 50mA (0.05A), below that you might lose muscle control and be in a lot of pain, but it's unlikely to prove lethal unless there are other factors involved"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5:What is Congress exactly? | explainlikeimfive | 5aqsr8 | 3 | Other | true | false | 0.8 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9iitga",
"comment_text": [
"Congress is the US legislative branch. It's the equivalent to the British Parliament. Like Parliament, it has two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. ",
"The Senate has 100 members, 2 from each state, elected to serve for 6 year terms. The ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9iinht",
"comment_text": [
"Congress = Parliament",
"Senate = House of Lords",
"House = House of Commons"
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9iiq4z",
"comment_text": [
"Two fine countries separated by a common language."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ijgzg",
"comment_text": [
"Well being anti-aristocratic effectively prevents taking any of the British names. We don't have any Lords to have a house of and all of us are commoners, and our legislature isn't attempting to parley with a king. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9iiyy1",
"comment_text": [
"House of Representatives = House of Commons"
],
"score": 1
} |
ELI5: How come so many sports originated in England? Soccer, rugby, cricket, tennis, golf... | explainlikeimfive | 5arb0d | 2 | Other | true | false | 0.56 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9in5dt",
"comment_text": [
"Every country develops their own sports. English sports are just more widespread because they conquered most of the world at one point and brought their culture with them.",
"Also, while modern soccer may have originated in England, variations of the game hav... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9inckd",
"comment_text": [
"Of the ones you list, only cricket and tennis seem to have originated in England.",
"Soccer and rugby are just evolutions of predecessor ball games invented by the Greeks and spread around Europe by the Romans.",
"Golf was either invented by the Dutch or ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9in4xw",
"comment_text": [
"Golf definitely originated in Scotland, not England. ",
"Soccer was first played in England but has it's roots in an Ancient Chinese game called Cuju. ",
"These others are quintessentially British games - they were a country with lots of strict rules in... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9itwc1",
"comment_text": [
"Tennis is not English in origin: it can be traced back to northern France. It became known in England in the 16th century when King Henry VIII took a liking to it. "
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9j0rhl",
"comment_text": [
"Could it also be that because they conquered the world , they were able to discover sports overseas and then brought them back to Great Britain where they evolved in a more organized way? \nJust curious if that could also be the case."
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: What exactly is human trafficking? | explainlikeimfive | 5atq17 | 7 | Other | true | false | 0.7 | I've been browsing social media and reading stuff and this is something the comes up from time to time. What is it exactly? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9j8aeo",
"comment_text": [
"It's basically slavery. It's people being transported and sold like goods, and robbed of their most basic freedoms. "
],
"score": 7
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9j802c",
"comment_text": [
"Human trafficking is the illegal trade in people for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and other forms of forced labor."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9jby4q",
"comment_text": [
"To be fair, and not to diminish the horror that exists for those people, that statistic is somewhat misleading; there's more people living in slavery now but there's also way more people living ",
" now.",
"If the past had 8 billion people to deal with, t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9j8dsq",
"comment_text": [
"There are two classical definitions of human trafficking:",
"The first is when someone is taken against their will and moved to a different area for the purpose of selling them into slavery (sexual or otherwise).",
"The second is when someone is voluntari... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ja9b6",
"comment_text": [
"Holy shit. That's horrible. "
],
"score": 3
} |
ELI5:How can non cell phone companies provide cell phone discounts to their employees? | explainlikeimfive | 5aofff | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.4 | I work for a plastic injection molding company, since I work there I get discounts on cell phone plans, cell phones, and accessories at a particular cell phone company in the USA. How does that work? Does the company I work for kick in some money for the bill? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i1sxs",
"comment_text": [
"The markup for phones is high so a % discount for a select group of customers isn't going to hurt the company. The discount is likely to entice or influence the decision for someone to purchase a phone with them as opposed to a competitor. So for a negligible dec... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i2n32",
"comment_text": [
"Does my company get a kick back from the cell phone company for getting their employees to sign up for a particular cell phone company? My wife's employer offers a discount to the same cell phone company, but her discount is less, 8%. Mine is 18% thru the company... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i2pl5",
"comment_text": [
"The cell companies want to attract large numbers of customers. They offer the discount to get employees of other companies or members of other organizations to sign up. A company that can provide more customers will get a better discount. Your employer doesn't ge... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i3cbi",
"comment_text": [
"If you have a job where people need to have phones on them and they are checking email, reviewing documents etc, they are probably going to be owners of expensive phones. These are the prime customers of cellphone companies so the carrier will make a deal wit... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i4hxn",
"comment_text": [
"In your case specifically, the plastic injection company you work for, might be making parts for the cellphone company providing discounts. Often times when two companies become business partners they will scratch each other's backs as they say.",
"\nFor exa... |
ELI5: What is the purpose of House Flies? | explainlikeimfive | 5apcnr | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.33 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i7i1b",
"comment_text": [
"\"House flies\" are simply flies that end up inside houses. They exist because they can make more of them, and exist ",
" make more of themselves."
],
"score": 7
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i7le8",
"comment_text": [
"Animals don't exist for a \"purpose\". They exist because there is an ecological niche that offers them the ability to get food and reproduce successfully. Houses are friendly environments, offering both shelter and food, particularly during months when the wea... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i7qd6",
"comment_text": [
"...and they're better at making more of them than predators are at making less of them."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9i7fad",
"comment_text": [
"God invented a helpful decorating technique where He fills your windows with little dead carcasses with pretty shiny backs!",
"Or, they are just flies that come inside seeking food and places to lay eggs and then get trapped and die. They would have preferred... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9imwip",
"comment_text": [
"The house fly is actually a specific species of fly, and if I recall correctly it actually makes up somewhere around 90% of all flies found in people's homes."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: What types of research bias are the most difficult to eliminate from studies? | explainlikeimfive | 5ahvkr | 50 | Other | true | false | 0.69 | I imagine that scientific rigor during peer review would reveal more obvious biases and flaws in a study, but which ones are the hardest to catch? What are some of the more surprising types of flaws to appear in studies? | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gpn7d",
"comment_text": [
"I think the hardest to catch are the \"reference circle jerks\". A work which references another work, which in turn references a third work and so on, and when you start looking closer at it, you'll find either:",
"that the references just back each other up... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gt0vo",
"comment_text": [
"Sampling bias.",
"Most places simply do not have the funding and time that would be necessary for a proper study, and have to draw conclusion from limited and often biased samples. It's not surprising though. ",
"There are ",
" of biases, most of them... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gsto5",
"comment_text": [
"I'd give you a downvote for trolling, but here's a genuine answer to why this answer is irrelevant. I believe that OP is asking about people who ",
" to remove bias from their studies. The fact that you state money as an incentive and 'finding a cure' as a go... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gtmn1",
"comment_text": [
"Reason why? I'm not allowed to say that homosexuality is an abnormality (although scientifically it is, as it's not the norm), as it's against the nowadays political agenda and \"published opinion\" (using the words of Sir Winston Churchill).",
"The problem i... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gqrnp",
"comment_text": [
"Funding.",
"They'll pander for it, shedding integrity like a snake's skin."
],
"score": 4
} |
ELI5: Why do humans find eyeless or pitch black eyes scary/unsettling? | explainlikeimfive | 5ah0zt | 27 | Other | true | false | 0.63 | I've never been able to find an explanation for it, but it's extremely common for movies, games, shows, etc. to use pitch black eyes to cause discomfort. Why is this so effective? Why do we find it so eerie? (Apologies if I didn't do something right while posting, the rules wouldn't load on mobile.) | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gfixf",
"comment_text": [
"It's called The ",
"Uncanny Valley",
", and it's not limited to eyes. Basically, the closer something gets to looking human, the more we can sympathise with it - until it gets to be about 95%-99% human. Then it ",
". Basically if something is just a b... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gfkwi",
"comment_text": [
"It's the ",
"uncanny valley",
". Basically anything that looks human but has some small characteristic that's just ",
" (black eyes, unnatural movement, etc) elicit a strong feeling of revulsion. We don't ",
" know why, but some of the more compel... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9gnogn",
"comment_text": [
"Essentially, up to a point, it looks like something else trying to look human, which is usually fine or even cute. Once it gets human-like enough, we sort of stop seeing it as a cute humanoid thing and start seeing it as a human with something wrong. This is impo... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9ghips",
"comment_text": [
"Seeing the white and black parts of someone's eye lets you tell what they are looking at. Without that information you can't tell if they are looking at you or not and this is unsettling because for all you know they could be staring at you. The movement of the e... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d9giqq2",
"comment_text": [
"I find it odd that a zombie is at the bottom of the valley in that chart and a Bunraku puppet, which I find way more horrifying, is actually so lifelike, according to the chart, that it starts to become acceptable again."
],
"score": 3
} |
ELI5: did stalin turn "feudal" country into "superpower" in 20 years? | explainlikeimfive | 4qg01n | 6 | Other | true | false | 0.75 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4sq43n",
"comment_text": [
"Stalin and Lenin did. Lenin was the leader of the workers revolution that overthrew the dictatorship of the Tsars and the Provisional government. After Lenin's death Stalin pushed the USSR towards manufacturing, so hard that one of the criticisms China made durin... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4sr46x",
"comment_text": [
"The Sino-Soviet split occurred well after WW2. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4srqo7",
"comment_text": [
"I know it did. That was still one of their criticisms. Even after WW2 the USSR never put a strong focus on agriculture, and when certain people did like Khrushchev, they became obsessed with corn."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4sq0v3",
"comment_text": [
"I think you're not giving Lenin and Stalin enough credit. The revolution happened on the backs of the people, but it was their visions, for better or worse, that turned Russia into a superpower. They had help getting there, but I think they deserve some credit. "... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4sryf6",
"comment_text": [
"Ofcource they had a part in it but I would claim that someone else could have taken Stalin's or Lenin's place and the result would be somewhat the same. When the October revolution happened anyone could have been in charge and would probably act in quite a simila... | |
ELI5: Where in the Constitution does it say the Federal Govt should allow abortion? Also, how is an abortion not terminating a live fetus (that, scientifically, is alive at conception)? Isn't that murder? | explainlikeimfive | 4qgchu | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.4 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4spge7",
"comment_text": [
"This \"ELI5\" question should not be allowed here. You're setting forth an argument, not a \"question.\""
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4spstd",
"comment_text": [
"The government decides what is NOT allowed. As far as i know there are only laws prohibiting abortion. Legalizing abortion would just be removing laws that prohibit abortion. Similar to how gay marriage became legal in the US because they made it illegal to make ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4sqhjh",
"comment_text": [
"Your definition of \"alive\" is not shared by the majority. Otherwise a man jerking off would be murdering thousands of human lives as sperm share the same cognitive ability as a fetus. ",
"Right to life cannot interfere with another person's right to life. I... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4sqbng",
"comment_text": [
"Why did Noah let the ",
" sink? Bizarre marginally-connected questions don't help, kid. Try again. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4spl24",
"comment_text": [
"Your submission has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"Loaded questions are not allowed on ELI5.",
"detailed rules",
"."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: Why do some Olympic Trial swimmers have a little white string hanging in the middle of their goggles? | explainlikeimfive | 4qdjea | 7 | Other | true | false | 0.59 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4s5bma",
"comment_text": [
"It's just a style of swim goggle - they're called \"swedes\" - popular with competitive swimmers. They're great because they fit well, they're cheap (like $5 each) & they don't come off.",
"When you buy them, you need to tie the string between the lenses you... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4s5k8j",
"comment_text": [
"If you trim them flush, you can't untie them and adjust them as the string stretches out.",
"Swimmers aren't really concerned about looking cool out of the water. As long as those strings aren't bothering you while swimming, they're not worth fucking with."
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4s5ga4",
"comment_text": [
"I would still trim them off better LOL"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4s4tgc",
"comment_text": [
"Examples:\n",
"https://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/lilly-king-2016-ncaa-womens-swimming-2783-700x500.jpg",
"\n",
"http://image.cdnllnwnl.xosnetwork.com/pics33/800/EJ/EJJNSVKUEBULHVJ.20141106022907.jpg",
"\n",
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4s5fwx",
"comment_text": [
"I guess now that I look closer, I see the string goes all the way through. But there is some sort of tube that covers it up. Can't see that as well on TV. "
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5:Does cereal ever go bad? | explainlikeimfive | 4qhbs0 | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.4 | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4syq48",
"comment_text": [
"Yes.",
"Any refined grain will go stale, moldy or else gets infested with insects."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4sypuz",
"comment_text": [
"It does.",
"It'll absorb moisture from the air after being unsealed. Moisture will make the cereal stale, and will also allow bacteria and fungus to grow more easily."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4t8yfm",
"comment_text": [
"Stale food isn't going to kill you."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4t8yfm",
"comment_text": [
"Stale food isn't going to kill you."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_d4syz1m",
"comment_text": [
"That's my favorite kind of cereal. Whole grain with protein😜"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: What exactly happens when someone regains consciousness? | explainlikeimfive | c1l1av | 122 | Biology | true | false | 0.88 | In particular, what happens in the brain? Does something realign? | {
"comment_id": "t1_erdxt8k",
"comment_text": [
"Doctor (with anaesthetic/ICU training) here. ",
"We don't really know what consciousness is, therefore it's pretty difficult to answer this.",
"The best explanation we have is that neurons in the brain either work or don't. The more that aren't working, t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_erdyx0b",
"comment_text": [
"It depends what medication they are giving him and whether he has a brain injury. It likely he's on some sedation. This is most likely a good sign, unless of course he's on no sedation at all.",
"I'm sorry to hear about your friend."
],
"score": 24
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_erdy81w",
"comment_text": [
"Sorry slightly off topic, so my friend has an motorcycle accident last night. And he is in the ICU right now with all those tube things inside of him according to the family he's unconscious for long. When I visited him today and talked to him, his eyes is open a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_erecht8",
"comment_text": [
"OP said the scale ranks 3 things, so presumably each thing gets a score from 1 to 5 and that gets added together to give a total consciousness score.",
"If you are totally unconscious you score a 1 on Thing One, 1 on Thing Two and 1 on Thing Three giving a to... | {
"comment_id": "t1_erdz80e",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you. All the results are okay, the only test left is the neurological. Seeing my friend in that state breaks my heart. The doctor says they have to restrain his arms because of the involuntary movements."
],
"score": 16
} |
ELI5: What is the difference between a server and "the cloud"? | explainlikeimfive | 5g3of3 | 6 | Technology | true | false | 0.72 | Isn't this just a fancy word for old technology? I often see a lot of non technical people become confused by this word. | {
"comment_id": "t1_daph7go",
"comment_text": [
"So all the answers so far miss some key parts to the story. Why should you take my word for it? I'm a senior engineer with 20 years commercial experience, several of them in ISPs and Telcos, and I've been working a lot with cloud technologies for the last 6-7 yea... | {
"comment_id": "t1_dap6stf",
"comment_text": [
"\"The cloud\" is just a buzzword for what we just called \"servers\" until 10/15 years ago. The whole concept of the modern Internet is that it's divided between your computer requesting information (the client) and some other computer providing that information... | {
"comment_id": "t1_dap822i",
"comment_text": [
"It's not a simple linear improvement. There has been a major shift in how client/server relationships exist and the \"duties\" of each.",
"In the modern \"cloud\" environment, most of the duties that you'd hire a sysop to do (like maintaining the server itse... | {
"comment_id": "t1_dap7qg7",
"comment_text": [
"Just a marketing tool to sell old (albeit an improved version) Technology.",
"Sort of, but the way I would put it is \"the Cloud\" is a term more suited to a philosophy of management or development of a network rather than a mechanical view.",
"An analogy... | {
"comment_id": "t1_dap6974",
"comment_text": [
"\"Who owns it\".",
"In a \"On Premise\" environment, you (the business/consumer) own the server. It is on your property, and you pay for the care and feeding of it.",
"In a \"Cloud\" environment, you (the business/consumer) do NOT own the server. The se... |
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