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Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who is VideoGuard owned by? Who is the parent company of NDS? What is the original meaning of...	Answers: Who is VideoGuard owned by? Who is the parent company of NDS? → BSkyB utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS, a Cisco Systems company. There are tight controls over use of VideoGuard decoders; they are not available as stand-alone DVB CAMs (conditional-access modules). BSkyB has design ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What actually causes rigidity in matter? How is the Pauli exclusion priciple manifested in the...	Answers: What actually causes rigidity in matter? How is the Pauli exclusion priciple manifested in the macro world? → It is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics act...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Where did Korea border Kublai's territory? Who was Kaidu's grandfather? What type of cascade ...	Answers: Where did Korea border Kublai's territory? Who was Kaidu's grandfather? → Instability troubled the early years of Kublai Khan's reign. Ogedei's grandson Kaidu refused to submit to Kublai and threatened the western frontier of Kublai's domain. The hostile but weakened Song dynasty remained an obstacle in the s...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What was the Norman religion? What part of France were the Normans located? -----------------...	Answers: What was the Norman religion? What part of France were the Normans located? → The descendants of Rollo's Vikings and their Frankish wives would replace the Norse religion and Old Norse language with Catholicism (Christianity) and the Gallo-Romance language of the local people, blending their maternal Frankish...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How much of Victoria's farmland grows hay? How much does Victoria produce in Australian pears?...	Answers: How much of Victoria's farmland grows hay? How much does Victoria produce in Australian pears? → More than 26,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) of Victorian farmland are sown for grain, mostly in the state's west. More than 50% of this area is sown for wheat, 33% for barley and 7% for oats. A further 6,000...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What type of actions are taken sometimes in civil disobedience? What type of goals are usually...	Answers: What type of actions are taken sometimes in civil disobedience? What type of goals are usually done skirting the law? → Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, "There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were wide...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Cilia can g ow up too what length? What direction do ctenophore swim? What is the only form k...	Answers: Cilia can g ow up too what length? What direction do ctenophore swim? → The outer surface bears usually eight comb rows, called swimming-plates, which are used for swimming. The rows are oriented to run from near the mouth (the "oral pole") to the opposite end (the "aboral pole"), and are spaced more or less ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Name a larger car that Toyota came up with as buyers lamented the small sized compacts? When d...	Answers: Name a larger car that Toyota came up with as buyers lamented the small sized compacts? When did Honda, Toyota and Nissan open US assembly plants? → Some buyers lamented the small size of the first Japanese compacts, and both Toyota and Nissan (then known as Datsun) introduced larger cars such as the Toyota C...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the name for a problem that meets Ladner's assertion? What is an example of an NP-inte...	Answers: What is the name for a problem that meets Ladner's assertion? What is an example of an NP-intermediate problem not known to exist in P or NP-complete? → It was shown by Ladner that if P ≠ NP then there exist problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete. Such problems are called NP-intermediate proble...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What culture did the Normans combine with in Ireland? What country did the Normans invade in 1...	Answers: What culture did the Normans combine with in Ireland? What country did the Normans invade in 1169? → The Normans had a profound effect on Irish culture and history after their invasion at Bannow Bay in 1169. Initially the Normans maintained a distinct culture and ethnicity. Yet, with time, they came to be sub...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What river originally bounded the Duchy When was the Duchy of Normandy founded? What branch o...	Answers: What river originally bounded the Duchy When was the Duchy of Normandy founded? → In the course of the 10th century, the initially destructive incursions of Norse war bands into the rivers of France evolved into more permanent encampments that included local women and personal property. The Duchy of Normandy,...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: French troops put down the Camisard uprisings between what years? Against whom did the Camisar...	Answers: French troops put down the Camisard uprisings between what years? Against whom did the Camisards rise up to fight? → After this, Huguenots (with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,000) fled to surrounding Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussia — whose Ca...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: In what year was Hatmanis and Stearn's seminal work in computational complexity received? Wha...	Answers: In what year was Hatmanis and Stearn's seminal work in computational complexity received? What individuals were responsible for authoring "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms"? → As Fortnow & Homer (2003) point out, the beginning of systematic studies in computational complexity is attributed to th...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: AC and NC are complexity classes typically associated with what type of circuit? BQP and QMA a...	Answers: AC and NC are complexity classes typically associated with what type of circuit? BQP and QMA are examples of complexity classes most commonly associated with what type of Turing machine? → Other important complexity classes include BPP, ZPP and RP, which are defined using probabilistic Turing machines; AC and...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: The legislation allowed California to be admitted to the Union as what kind of state? Which co...	Answers: The legislation allowed California to be admitted to the Union as what kind of state? Which country used to rule California? → Though there is no official definition for the northern boundary of southern California, such a division has existed from the time when Mexico ruled California, and political disputes...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: The Muslim Brotherhood's competence compares well against what type of local governments? What...	Answers: The Muslim Brotherhood's competence compares well against what type of local governments? What type of movement is the Muslim Brotherhood? → Islamist movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood, "are well known for providing shelters, educational assistance, free or low cost medical clinics, housing assistance t...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What tax rate has a direct relationship with income inequality? What index is an indicator of ...	Answers: What tax rate has a direct relationship with income inequality? What index is an indicator of the effects of taxes applied to social spending? → Another cause is the rate at which income is taxed coupled with the progressivity of the tax system. A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as th...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When was the Sierra Sky Park Airport formed? What is the name of the first aviation community ...	Answers: When was the Sierra Sky Park Airport formed? What is the name of the first aviation community built? → Formed in 1946, Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport community born of a unique agreement in transportation law to allow personal aircraft and automobiles to share certain roads. Sierra Sky Park ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When was the National Highway Designated Act signed? Which president ended the Emergency Energ...	Answers: When was the National Highway Designated Act signed? Which president ended the Emergency Energy Conservation Act? → To help reduce consumption, in 1974 a national maximum speed limit of 55 mph (about 88 km/h) was imposed through the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petro...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What was Robert Watson's role in the IPCC? What was Martin Parry's role in the IPCC? What has...	Answers: What was Robert Watson's role in the IPCC? What was Martin Parry's role in the IPCC? → Former IPCC chairman Robert Watson has said "The mistakes all appear to have gone in the direction of making it seem like climate change is more serious by overstating the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who claims that public companies can also be part of civil disobedience? Browlee also applies ...	Answers: Who claims that public companies can also be part of civil disobedience? Browlee also applies that civil disobedience is okay regarding? → Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the de...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: The earthquake forecast models what features of earthquakes in California? What magnitude of e...	Answers: The earthquake forecast models what features of earthquakes in California? What magnitude of earthquake can many faults produce? → Many faults are able to produce a magnitude 6.7+ earthquake, such as the San Andreas Fault, which can produce a magnitude 8.0 event. Other faults include the San Jacinto Fault, th...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who invented the first nuclear reactor? Who calculated the speed of light? ------------------...	Answers: Who invented the first nuclear reactor? Who calculated the speed of light? → Notable faculty in physics have included the speed of light calculator A. A. Michelson, elementary charge calculator Robert A. Millikan, discoverer of the Compton Effect Arthur H. Compton, the creator of the first nuclear reactor Enr...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who was appointed as second in command to Lor Loudoun in 1756? Who led New France reinforcemen...	Answers: Who was appointed as second in command to Lor Loudoun in 1756? Who led New France reinforcements in 1756? → Newcastle replaced him in January 1756 with Lord Loudoun, with Major General James Abercrombie as his second in command. Neither of these men had as much campaign experience as the trio of officers Fran...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What do the membership of the committees reflect? Different committees have what set out in di...	Answers: What do the membership of the committees reflect? Different committees have what set out in different ways? → Committees comprise a small number of MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament. There are different committees with their functions set out in different ways. Mandator...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: There have been major changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last how many years? Wh...	Answers: There have been major changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last how many years? What did the analysis from the sediment deposits indicate? → There is evidence that there have been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who helped develop the first man-made self-sustaining nuclear reaction? What is the name of th...	Answers: Who helped develop the first man-made self-sustaining nuclear reaction? What is the name of the largest university press in the U.S? → University of Chicago scholars have played a major role in the development of various academic disciplines, including: the Chicago school of economics, the Chicago school of s...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is one way in which graphs can be encoded? What is another term for the string of a prob...	Answers: What is one way in which graphs can be encoded? What is another term for the string of a problem instance? → When considering computational problems, a problem instance is a string over an alphabet. Usually, the alphabet is taken to be the binary alphabet (i.e., the set {0,1}), and thus the strings are bitst...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What pushed up the Pyrenees? The present Mediterranean Sea descends from what sea? ----------...	Answers: What pushed up the Pyrenees? The present Mediterranean Sea descends from what sea? → In southern Europe, the stage was set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates, between about 240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Along with fuel sources, what concern has contributed to the development of the Advanced Steam...	Answers: Along with fuel sources, what concern has contributed to the development of the Advanced Steam movement? What is the name of the movement that seeks renewed use of steam power in the modern era? → The weight of boilers and condensers generally makes the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant lower than for in...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What happens to the GDP growth of a country if the income share of the top 20 percent increase...	Answers: What happens to the GDP growth of a country if the income share of the top 20 percent increases, according to IMF staff economists? What is negatively correlated to the duration of economic growth? → According to International Monetary Fund economists, inequality in wealth and income is negatively correlated...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the minimum percent of alcohol content a German law requires all spirits and liqueurs ...	Answers: What is the minimum percent of alcohol content a German law requires all spirits and liqueurs to have? Which country did Rewe-Zentrale AG wish to import from? → Often rules apply to all goods neutrally, but may have a greater practical effect on imports than domestic products. For such "indirect" discriminato...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How are AUSTPAC connections made What did AUSTPAC support ---------------------------------...	Answers: How are AUSTPAC connections made What did AUSTPAC support → AUSTPAC was an Australian public X.25 network operated by Telstra. Started by Telecom Australia in the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network, supporting applications such as on-line betting, financial applic...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: A growing number of new forms of procurement involves what? Focus on what is to ameliorate the...	Answers: A growing number of new forms of procurement involves what? Focus on what is to ameliorate the many problems that arise from the often highly competitive and adversarial practices within the construction industry. → There is also a growing number of new forms of procurement that involve relationship contracti...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Which year did the price of oil drop to $10 per barrel? When was OPEC production of oil being ...	Answers: Which year did the price of oil drop to $10 per barrel? When was OPEC production of oil being surpassed? → OPEC soon lost its preeminent position, and in 1981, its production was surpassed by that of other countries. Additionally, its own member nations were divided. Saudi Arabia, trying to recover market sha...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who was the Uighur King of Qocho ranked above? Who did the Mongols give control of Korea? Wha...	Answers: Who was the Uighur King of Qocho ranked above? Who did the Mongols give control of Korea? → When the Mongols placed the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho over the Koreans at the court the Korean King objected, then the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan rebuked the Korean King, saying that the Uighur King of Qocho was ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Besides Confucianism, Buddhism, and Islam, what religions were tolerated during the Yuan? What...	Answers: Besides Confucianism, Buddhism, and Islam, what religions were tolerated during the Yuan? What type of practices did the Yuan reintroduce in government? → Western musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts. From this period dates the conversion to Islam, by Muslims of Central Asia, ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What was the accepted length of the Rhine prior to 1932? When was the Rhine measurement correc...	Answers: What was the accepted length of the Rhine prior to 1932? When was the Rhine measurement corrected back to the original? → Until 1932 the generally accepted length of the Rhine was 1,230 kilometres (764 miles). In 1932 the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon stated the length as 1,320 kilometres (820 miles), pr...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Cost overruns with government projects have occurred when the contractor did what? The presenc...	Answers: Cost overruns with government projects have occurred when the contractor did what? The presence of who is highly likely even in small projects? → Mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction proj...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When a pathogen has been eaten by a phagocyte it becomes trapped in what vesicle? Phagocytes c...	Answers: When a pathogen has been eaten by a phagocyte it becomes trapped in what vesicle? Phagocytes can be called to a specific location by what? → Phagocytosis is an important feature of cellular innate immunity performed by cells called 'phagocytes' that engulf, or eat, pathogens or particles. Phagocytes generally...