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44st9f
Why didn't the Algerian Civil War of the 90s lead to the same kind of refugee crisis that we see today in Syria, despite the war's similarly destructive nature and Algeria's close proximity to Europe?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/44st9f/why_didnt_the_algerian_civil_war_of_the_90s_lead/
{ "a_id": [ "czsnks4" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "Hi OP, this topic may be very difficult to address in this subreddit, due to this subreddit's [20-year rule against discussing current events](_URL_0_). The Algerian Civil War took place from 1991-2002, whereas our cutoff is 1996, which is the ha...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/rules#wiki_no_current_events" ] ]
4e6u60
why does oil smoke when heated instead of boiling like water does?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4e6u60/eli5_why_does_oil_smoke_when_heated_instead_of/
{ "a_id": [ "d1xhwfp", "d1xj1n8", "d1xlt93" ], "score": [ 4, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "Because it's burning. Oil is a complex organic molecule which can't really go into gas phase the way that water can. Instead, it just falls apart when you heat it.", "Majority of \"stuff capable of ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
1iheer
retirement plans such as 401k
I know with a Roth type you will pay taxes before and a traditional you will pay taxes after but my question is in the end will they both equal out to the same taxes paid and what are the major differences ?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1iheer/eli5_retirement_plans_such_as_401k/
{ "a_id": [ "cb4gcn2" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "I can't tell you if they even out but you are talking about a traditional IRA versus a Roth IRA. These are not part of a 401k they are completely different parts of the tax code. IRAs are ways for individuals to save for retirement, a 401k is spo...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
4vikq9
Why are all Muslim historical states called by their ruling dynasties?
Also, why does every Muslim dynasty name ends with -id?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4vikq9/why_are_all_muslim_historical_states_called_by/
{ "a_id": [ "d5yom6e" ], "score": [ 12 ], "text": [ "The -id (or sometimes a small variation, like -ite) indicates lineage. The Ummayads trace descent from Ummaya, the Abbasids from Abbas, the Hashemites from Hashem and so on.\n\nNot all Muslim historical states were named in this fashion. The Sul...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
3jvpnf
"only 23 people are required in a room to have two persons same birth-date" please explain this phenomenon in simple logic.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3jvpnf/eli5_only_23_people_are_required_in_a_room_to/
{ "a_id": [ "cusoaco", "cusoei1", "cusohyc" ], "score": [ 3, 4, 3 ], "text": [ "It's actually \"only 23 people in a room are required to have a *50% chance* of two people having the same birthday.\"\n\nBasically it works because it's possible that any two people have the same birth...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/1e6qw2/til_that_if_you_have_23_people_in_a_room_theres_a/", "https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3bxyrr/eli5why_is_there_a_999_chance_that_two_people_in/", "http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/56650.html" ], [] ]
6ju9go
how do ships "suck" water away from coastlines?
For some context: _URL_1_ I've looked around and haven't found any reasonable explanation so far. There seems to be a variety of effects caused by water moving faster under the hull of the ship while in shallow water, but I can't quite wrap my head around this. (A quick summary of some of these curious effects: _URL_...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6ju9go/eli5_how_do_ships_suck_water_away_from_coastlines/
{ "a_id": [ "djh15sl" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "The ship displaces a lot of water. It pushes a lot of water higher in front of it. It has a 'hole' in the water behind it. In this case the ship first pushed a lot of extra water into that cove when it approached, then the water rushed in behi...
[]
[ "http://www.marineinsight.com/marine-navigation/how-squat-bank-and-bank-cushion-effects-influence-ships-in-restricted-waters/", "https://youtu.be/q2OQOAFq-hY" ]
[ [] ]
7uyw81
What does it mean when a particle has a statistical significance?
I understand that the larger the value the more likely it is to exist and be accepted but how is it measured? I ask this after reading about the LHC detecting a pentaquark in August 2016 with a statistical significance of 9𝜎. Link: _URL_0_ Any further reading recommendations would be great!
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7uyw81/what_does_it_mean_when_a_particle_has_a/
{ "a_id": [ "dto8kwq" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "The significance of a particle is just a proxy for the p-value from statistics. A larger significance means a smaller p-value.\n\nWhat they’re doing is a statistical hypothesis test. They are testing their data against the hypothesis that all the...
[]
[ "https://physics.aps.org/synopsis-for/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.082003" ]
[ [] ]
2r1g3e
if it really is so easy to ddos xbl/psn. why aren't more people doing it?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2r1g3e/eli5_if_it_really_is_so_easy_to_ddos_xblpsn_why/
{ "a_id": [ "cnbihgq", "cnbiija" ], "score": [ 15, 6 ], "text": [ "becouse it requeres huge botnet and its criminal activity.\n\nthats like saying if its so easy to shoot a person, why more people arent doing it.", "It's exactly as easy as it is to get a bot-net. A DDoS only works if y...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
3gzt2z
Why do girls reach sexual maturity before their bodies are ready to bear children?
There are many health risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth, particularly below the age of 15. Yet, many girls become fertile well before that age (average is 12.6 years). While I know early puberty is probably an artificial problem, I assume this does not account for the differential between the 'ideal' age f...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3gzt2z/why_do_girls_reach_sexual_maturity_before_their/
{ "a_id": [ "cu3f7fa" ], "score": [ 11 ], "text": [ " > There are many health risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth, particularly below the age of 15.\n\nThere are many health risks (to both mother and baby) also associated with giving birth after the age of 35. Yet many older women do ge...
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[]
[ [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1403306/pdf/pubhealthrep00063-0033.pdf" ] ]
45tatu
who's coming to collect when it comes to the u.s. deficit? how will they do it?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/45tatu/eli5_whos_coming_to_collect_when_it_comes_to_the/
{ "a_id": [ "czzzs81" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "No one has ever had to \"demand\" payment on US debt. You simply say \"here is my matured treasure bond\" and you get your money back.\n\nExcept for debt payments suspended in times of war, the US has never failed to repay its debts on time." ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
19zhp1
What kind of interactions are present between my cotton shirt and the red wine I spill on it, to make the stain so hard to remove.
EDIT: Should have used a question mark
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/19zhp1/what_kind_of_interactions_are_present_between_my/
{ "a_id": [ "c8ssesu" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Cotton is mainly composed of cellulose, which as you can see from its [chemical structure](_URL_0_) has many hydroxyl groups. Various dyes present in wine, such as tannins also usually have multiple hydoxyl groups, e.g. as with.[this particular t...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Cellulose_Sessel.svg", "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Tannic_acid.png" ] ]
5v4fn0
what happens to our bodies when someone makes us jump?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5v4fn0/eli5_what_happens_to_our_bodies_when_someone/
{ "a_id": [ "ddz4vlq" ], "score": [ 46 ], "text": [ "Your brain thinks there is an immediate danger and tells your body to suddenly release loads of adrenaline and activate a part of your nervous system called the sympathetic nervous system which deals with the fight or flight response. \n\nThis h...
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[]
[ [] ]
3v657u
why doesn't the us fed just keep interest rates at a sustainable rate rather than extremely high and extremely low?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3v657u/eli5_why_doesnt_the_us_fed_just_keep_interest/
{ "a_id": [ "cxkm1y5", "cxko2t0", "cxkr6fo" ], "score": [ 3, 5, 2 ], "text": [ "They use interest rates to actively affect the economy.\n\nBanks lending too much money, leading to increased debt and potential for an economic collapse if things keep growing too fast? Raise rates to ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
33g1q9
Is communication between Earth and our space vehicles and stations encrypted? And was it always that way?
The title is fairly descriptive on its own. Perhaps it should be nuanced with this: a) Was NASA's and USSR's communication between ground control centres and the astronauts encrypted when they went into orbit and went on the moon in the hayday of the space race (1960s/70s)? b) i) Is this communication encrypted TODAY...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/33g1q9/is_communication_between_earth_and_our_space/
{ "a_id": [ "cqlakz4", "cqlaz6s" ], "score": [ 2, 5 ], "text": [ "Communication was definitely not encrypted in the 1960s. The US had/has listening posts around the world and regularly monitored radio traffic. So they didn't just get lucky. I'm sure they monitored everything about the Sovi...
[]
[ "http://www.npr.org/blogs/krulwich/2011/05/02/134597833/cosmonaut-crashed-into-earth-crying-in-rage" ]
[ [ "http://www.geek.com/geek-pick/chinese-hackers-took-control-of-nasa-satellite-for-11-minutes-1442605/" ], [] ]
dutr0h
how does a fingernail let go of the skin under your fingernail without hurting?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dutr0h/eli5_how_does_a_fingernail_let_go_of_the_skin/
{ "a_id": [ "f78kxjj", "f78nnwu" ], "score": [ 5, 48 ], "text": [ "It's not the nail that lets go of the skin, it's the other way around: the skin has to let go of the nail. Nail gets pushed as it grows, but isn't technically the one \"Holding on\" as it were", "The part of your finger...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://www.healthline.com/health/nail-matrix#diagram", "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10597925", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" ] ]
1d82y5
why is blackberry so commonly used in workplaces and why businesses would choose the z10 over iphones or android?
I don't understand why Blackberry's are still popular and how they got their identity of being so common in the workplace.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1d82y5/eli5why_is_blackberry_so_commonly_used_in/
{ "a_id": [ "c9nvwy0", "c9nyoow", "c9o2oej" ], "score": [ 2, 4, 3 ], "text": [ "Its actually a relative few people in the world who enjoy technology. BlackBerrys became a necessity when they came out, and a lot of people struggled to learn them. These are people who dont want to le...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
31tt8w
Do materials that heat up the fastest also lose heat the fastest (i.e., retain heat the worst)? If not, why not?
Just wondering whether there's a kind of one-way door for heat (or half-way, or quarter-way...). I don't now.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/31tt8w/do_materials_that_heat_up_the_fastest_also_lose/
{ "a_id": [ "cq53hl6", "cq57sd6" ], "score": [ 6, 2 ], "text": [ "Yup. Thermal conductors are generally symmetric with respect to the direction of heat flow, they conduct heat and loose heat easier than thermal insulators, \n_URL_0_ \nThis is because the thermal diffusivity in the heat e...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_equation" ], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifreeze_protein#Thermal_hysteresis" ] ]
18dsmk
Why do abandoned buildings seem to decay so quickly when people live in buildings that are centuries old?
For example, [the buildings on this abandoned island are falling down quickly](_URL_0_). Is this windows and doors left open to allow the elements in? Plants growing up and wrecking the foundation?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/18dsmk/why_do_abandoned_buildings_seem_to_decay_so/
{ "a_id": [ "c8dvplt", "c8dvsbr", "c8dzdcs", "c8e0xbr", "c8e1i7p", "c8e3eww", "c8e7pao", "c8eercr" ], "score": [ 144, 24, 18, 8, 9, 36, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Buildings that are not abandoned are maintained. Wood is protected from rotting, iron ...
[]
[ "http://kingstonlounge.blogspot.fr/2011/01/north-brother-island-riverside-hospital.html" ]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
1zm3i4
how are big buildings like the hotels in vegas air conditioned/cooled?
These buildings are big enough to where standard a/c units couldn't possibly be practical so how are they cooled?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1zm3i4/how_are_big_buildings_like_the_hotels_in_vegas/
{ "a_id": [ "cfuuwug", "cfuv1ep" ], "score": [ 2, 7 ], "text": [ "with big ol airconditioners that go everywhere.", "Industrial grade AC. The units are not the same small units that we see at home or office. Such big buildings are chilled by cooling water which is then used to cool a...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
7z6vu4
Japan and Korea being of a Chinese descent?
I've been looking into the origins of Japan, and all I've came to read were the usuals of how people have migrated by foot to the archipelago, and later, how the 'landbridge' disappeared underwater. So I remember back in gradeschool, during Chinese history class, being taught about Qinshi Huang and his borderline obse...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7z6vu4/japan_and_korea_being_of_a_chinese_descent/
{ "a_id": [ "dum20ua", "dun2q36" ], "score": [ 4, 2 ], "text": [ "You might want to read on the Japanese Jomon period (14,000 B.C.), and on the Korean Jeulmun period (8,000 B.C.) to know about both regions probable first peoples.", "The major historical sources of Korea are *Samguk Sag...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
2rv0z6
why does the exact same post appear as the 4th post on the first page and the 27th post on the second page and the 53 post on the 3rd page?
Literally the exact same post can be at two positions at once. It happens all the time. The numbers I posted are arbitrary but, for example, right now there is a post about an ant moving a sphere of water. On the first page and the second page. Why?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2rv0z6/eli5_why_does_the_exact_same_post_appear_as_the/
{ "a_id": [ "cnji15e" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ " > there's really no such thing as \"pages\" on Reddit. Instead, you're saying \"give me the links (from my current 50 subreddits at this time) #1 to #[page size] as ranked by voting right now at this exact moment\"... When you go to the next pa...
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[]
[ [] ]
1mvrfh
Would a split brain patient be able to do sign language with both hands?
So the corpus collosum is severed. Since language is stored on one side of the brain, would someone only be able to do sign language with their right hand?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1mvrfh/would_a_split_brain_patient_be_able_to_do_sign/
{ "a_id": [ "ccd4e2m" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Language isn't purely lateralized in the brain. People with differing levels of lateralization show corresponding resistance to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS; a big magnet screwing around with specific brain areas). People with less late...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
5ilhqg
If we don't know the exact value for Pi, how can we know the exact area of a circle if that is 2(pi) Rad?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5ilhqg/if_we_dont_know_the_exact_value_for_pi_how_can_we/
{ "a_id": [ "db96b5d", "db9728v", "db9bggf", "db9bnny", "db9cbse", "db9ej3p", "db9g0sd", "db9hch5", "db9inwc", "db9j3u7", "db9j3w2", "db9jvnk", "db9ko7b", "db9mn12", "db9pfbw", "db9pobj", "db9qbas", "dba0spg", "dba9mi8", "dbageai" ], ...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_History_of_Pi" ], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://mathworld.wolfram.com/images/equations/PiFormulas/NumberedEquation1.gif" ], [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpyrF_Ci2TQ" ], [], [], [ "https://www.youtube.c...
1s1qf0
eil5: why do cable and internet companies make their services cheaper if you bundle a land line you don't use with it?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1s1qf0/eil5_why_do_cable_and_internet_companies_make/
{ "a_id": [ "cdt1pzq" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "They make more money. Consider Im a store and I normally make $10 per item when you buy 2 of them so I profit $20. But if I can sell you 3 items by offering you a $2 discount on each then I make $24 profit at the end of the transaction. It's logi...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
75aqnl
What were Roman burial practices for soldiers out on campaign?
After the dead were rounded up on a battlefield, were they put in mass graves? Cremated? Were there specific rites or rituals performed? Did legions and turmae have their own traditions that differed throughout the republic and later empire?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/75aqnl/what_were_roman_burial_practices_for_soldiers_out/
{ "a_id": [ "do4w72c" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "It's not easy to give a generalized answer for this, but your question already goes into the right direction. There are not many primary sources that dwell on this, but some things can be gathered from what we have.\n\nAny Roman would expect a pr...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://lupa.at/img/15811-1.jpg", "http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/edh/inschrift/HD057806", "http://lupa.at/img/15904-1.jpg", "http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/edh/inschrift/HD019187" ] ]
43gl8t
Countable vs uncountable infinity: 0 to 1?
So, I was just watching [this Vsauce video](_URL_0_) and it states the following part way through: > Even the numbers 0 through 1 are uncountable And this felt off to me. Albeit I'm a little tipsy right now, and this post is taking me way too long to write, but isn't the "infinity" countable if you've bounded the ...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/43gl8t/countable_vs_uncountable_infinity_0_to_1/
{ "a_id": [ "czi8hfy", "czicjgc" ], "score": [ 14, 5 ], "text": [ "Many variations of this question have been asked on this sub and you can find them by a simple search (e.g., \"different infinities\"). We should probably add something about cardinality to the FAQ. But anyway, quick rehash...
[]
[ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s86-Z-CbaHA" ]
[ [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separable_space", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dense_set" ] ]
1wddeg
What is the acceleration due to gravity of a black hole?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1wddeg/what_is_the_acceleration_due_to_gravity_of_a/
{ "a_id": [ "cf0ykcd" ], "score": [ 11 ], "text": [ "There's nothing gravitationally special about a black hole. For example, if the sun were replaced by a black hole of equivalent mass, none of the orbits of any of the planets and other objects in the solar system would change.\n\nIn short, the ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
1676of
coding: what exactly is it? and how important is it to the creation of a video game?
if you're designing a video game, what does coding do in that process? is it difficult to learn coding? are there multiple types of coding? how would one go about learning?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1676of/elif_coding_what_exactly_is_it_and_how_important/
{ "a_id": [ "c7td4s6", "c7td6gt" ], "score": [ 7, 5 ], "text": [ "R/learnprogramming. \n\nTl;Dr all games have rules and instructions that a) tell the computer how everything works, like the graphics and the controls and such and b) control the logic of the game. Coding is the practice of ...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "www.codeacademy.com" ] ]
1of7ok
what is the difference between assault, aggravated assault and battery?
Title says it all
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1of7ok/eli5_what_is_the_difference_between_assault/
{ "a_id": [ "ccrehw8", "ccrgxly" ], "score": [ 8, 12 ], "text": [ "Assault: Threatening to harm someone (or make unwanted physical contact). For instance, if you tell someone, \"You'd better get out of here before you get hurt,\" while walking menacingly toward them and cracking your knuc...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
6nu80h
with no atmosphere to propagate a shock wave, are explosives in space actually even lethal?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6nu80h/eli5_with_no_atmosphere_to_propagate_a_shock_wave/
{ "a_id": [ "dkc801v" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "The gas from the explosive itself will propogate a pressure wave a short distance, but range will be severely limited by the extremely low ambient pressure.\n\nAt a moderate distance shrapnel would be the greater concern because it won't slow dow...
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[]
[ [] ]
19r9rq
What dictated a killed/wounded ratio in a battle?
Take the battle of Bunker hill for example: 206 British Killed and 800 wounded. I would expect with the shitty medicine at the time combined with horrific musket wounds that most would die outright! As for battles throughout: What changes the ratios usually of killed to wounded. Some have been 1/2 and others almost 1/...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/19r9rq/what_dictated_a_killedwounded_ratio_in_a_battle/
{ "a_id": [ "c8qo7km", "c8qprao" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "One of the things is access to prompt medical aid. Along the Kokoda Track during WW2 there were times when decent medical aid (for the Australians and talking hospital/surgery) was over a week away. Pretty much any wound t...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://www.cbsnews.com/2300-204_162-10008523-3.html", "http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qDbzUBgCUcg/Ti-CgJxjmbI/AAAAAAAAATw/tTAhe53X1XM/s1600/james%2Bd%2Bfarris%2Bcp1188%2Bb.jpg", "http://www.history.navy.mil/branches/org12-4.htm", "http://www.revolutionarywararchives.org/whittemore.html", "ht...
26807x
if my urine is completely clear, is it still urine or just excess water being dumped?
I drink lots of water and it's very rare that I have yellow urine so I always wonder.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/26807x/eli5_if_my_urine_is_completely_clear_is_it_still/
{ "a_id": [ "choi952", "choi97n", "choi9ey", "choogr0" ], "score": [ 6, 2, 5, 2 ], "text": [ "It comes from your bladder so it is urine, even if the urea content is very low. Urine usually is mostly water, otherwise you would pee paste.", "As far as I know, its still ur...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
4ryuvo
why is there a sudden rise in nationalism in english speaking countries?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4ryuvo/eli5why_is_there_a_sudden_rise_in_nationalism_in/
{ "a_id": [ "d558ms7", "d55952q", "d55a3tk" ], "score": [ 8, 12, 2 ], "text": [ "I don't know, but I've got a hunch: Our grandparents who lived through the second world war are dead or dying. This means the living memory about the horrors of nationalism is also disapearing. ", ...
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[]
[ [], [], [] ]
lkzhi
What do nebulae and other stellar phenomenon actually look like?
I've read in the captions of many astronomy photos (think "pillars of creation") that they are enhanced to highlight different elements (among many other means of photo manipulation). I've also heard of certain nebulae occupying the same angular size in the night's sky as the moon (or bigger), but obviously we can't s...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/lkzhi/what_do_nebulae_and_other_stellar_phenomenon/
{ "a_id": [ "c2tjhxk", "c2tjhxk" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "This might not fully answer your question, but it would probably be worth your time to check out [this thread](_URL_0_) from a few days ago in r/astronomy. Read both dVnt's post (which is what the link is to) and doctorBento...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/Astronomy/comments/lhpho/nasa_and_a_lot_of_observatories_use_false_color/c2ssc04" ], [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/Astronomy/comments/lhpho/nasa_and_a_lot_of_observatories_use_false_color/c2ssc04" ] ]
1nyuts
how does the nuclear fusion produce cheap, reliable energy and eli5 how the new data produced in livermore, ca help us?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1nyuts/eli5_how_does_the_nuclear_fusion_produce_cheap/
{ "a_id": [ "ccnbvhx", "ccnckcu", "ccnclns" ], "score": [ 4, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "_URL_0_\n\nOriginal story in which I am inquiring..", "Currently it does not, but the hope is that we can figure out how to start fusion in some capacity so it can run on it's own. Similar to how nu...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-24429621" ], [], [] ]
1z8le7
Why the hype about the gut microbiome?
From what I've gathered, which is very little, there does not appear to be any intriguing findings coming out of the research. The research basically confirms what everyone already thought (which is important at some level), that being what a person eats changes the microbe population in the gut. What am I missing? Als...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1z8le7/why_the_hype_about_the_gut_microbiome/
{ "a_id": [ "cfrrttl", "cft3qz3" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "It has important implications for treatment. We were generally aware that the microbe population can change, but once we have a better understanding of those changes, we can start developing therapeutic recommendations to im...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
22xgsg
what exactly is happening to your legs in restless leg syndrome?
That feeling you get in your legs when you're laying down and you HAVE to move them because they feel so uncomfortable, but it really never goes away. Why or how does that happen? What can you do to make it stop? edit: just wanted to thank everybody for their comments and suggestions :) i'll be sure to try some of the...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/22xgsg/eli5_what_exactly_is_happening_to_your_legs_in/
{ "a_id": [ "cgrdkqg", "cgrdvbc", "cgre46n", "cgre93f", "cgrez8a", "cgrf199", "cgrf54s", "cgrfn8q", "cgrfz02", "cgrg618", "cgrg6y5", "cgrgg6v", "cgrgmoj", "cgrgyqz", "cgrh874", "cgrhkps", "cgrhmgl", "cgrhoar", "cgrhrvf", "cgrhubz", "c...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/12/2/101.pdf" ], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/B000UQTG7C?pc_redir=1397071846&robot_redir=1" ], [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001810/" ], [], [], [], [], ...
40zeg1
Why wasn't Russia broken up similarly to the Balkan states?
To be honest, I am fairly ignorant about the mechanisms of the process by which the empire was deconstructed and the Balkan states were constructed, but Russia is composed of many different (generally spread out) ethnic groups, parallel to the Balkan states, and I was wondering why it was not broken up.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/40zeg1/why_wasnt_russia_broken_up_similarly_to_the/
{ "a_id": [ "cyyfagj", "cyyh33r", "cyyjax0", "cyz0iu9" ], "score": [ 3, 2, 15, 2 ], "text": [ "Hello.\n\nI think your question could do with a little bit better phrasing. Are you wondering about why Russia, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, remained so large? \n\nWell...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [ "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Percentage_of_Russians_by_region.svg/800px-Percentage_of_Russians_by_region.svg.png", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakha_Republic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuva" ], [] ]
4mgfjb
what happens if neither presidential candidate can continue to run?
What would happen if both candidates are incarcerated, assassinated, or for whatever reason had to step down? I know new candidates would have to be chosen, but how would this occur?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4mgfjb/eli5what_happens_if_neither_presidential/
{ "a_id": [ "d3vbo3r", "d3vctvx" ], "score": [ 9, 7 ], "text": [ "The parties would probably each hold another convention. In fact, that's probably what would happen if only one of the two nominees could no longer run, provided there was sufficient time.\n\nPolitical parties are private en...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
2pn8yk
what exactly is being a stock broker and if they make so much money, why doesn't everybody become one?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2pn8yk/eli5_what_exactly_is_being_a_stock_broker_and_if/
{ "a_id": [ "cmy8qp8", "cmy8xf0", "cmybi00", "cmyebaf" ], "score": [ 58, 4, 8, 3 ], "text": [ "They are salespeople. They earn a commission on what they sell. What they happen to sell are millions and millions of dollars of financial products, so their commissions are eno...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pursuit_of_Happyness" ], [], [], [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6ciY8u04Kk" ] ]
2mxlyr
Do aromatic molecules have a defined smell, or do different animals smell things differently?
I'm not too sure how to ask this question. What I'm wondering is if the smell of something like lemons is defined by the aromatic molecules, or if the smell also can be influenced by our nervous systems. I don't mean this in terms of 'good' or 'bad' smell, but in an objective way (as objective as smell can be). For ex...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2mxlyr/do_aromatic_molecules_have_a_defined_smell_or_do/
{ "a_id": [ "cm8oh8z" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Smell cannot be objective. It is a sense that only has a definition with regards to human beings. An object does not inherently have a smell (or color for that matter), it releases molecules (or certain wavelengths of light in case of color) whic...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
m1zsa
the superposition of atoms
This might be a question for R/science as well, but I've never been able to wrap my head around the idea of particles being in ALL the places.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/m1zsa/eli5_the_superposition_of_atoms/
{ "a_id": [ "c2xi540", "c2xi540" ], "score": [ 4, 4 ], "text": [ "Atoms do not have (a noticeable) superpositon, it's the things that make up the atom that do, one type of these strange thingys are called electrons.\n\n\n\nLets step back a little. How do we know where anything is? Well by ...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
2i8pgc
What is the probable condition of man made objects left on the moon?
For example, if future astronauts replaced the batteries on a Apollo lunar rover, would it still be functional?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2i8pgc/what_is_the_probable_condition_of_man_made/
{ "a_id": [ "cl09jwi" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "There are several factors in the environment affecting this.\n\nCosmic rays are charged particles with very high kinetic energy. When they reach electronics [they can flip bits or burn transistors](_URL_0_) - the latter is a permanent damage. Ove...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_event_upset", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_soil", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_particle_event" ] ]
2effu5
why do cats not bleed when they are given sub cutaneous fluids. it's still a needle in their skin?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2effu5/eli5_why_do_cats_not_bleed_when_they_are_given/
{ "a_id": [ "cjyyy01" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "1, Needles in *skin* rarely bleed, try it on yourself. Its needles in veins that bleed, and needles in arteries that bleed more.\n\n2, as humans, our skin is fairly well attached to the muscle and bone and whatever beneath. Dogs, cats, bears, ro...
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[ [] ]
776oxu
why are fungi considered neither plant nor animal?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/776oxu/eli5_why_are_fungi_considered_neither_plant_nor/
{ "a_id": [ "dojezn3", "dojg4ih" ], "score": [ 3, 15 ], "text": [ "They aren't plants because they don't engage in photosynthesis and their genetic ancestry has them more closely related to animals.\n\nHowever, they are still sufficiently different from animals that they aren't animals eit...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
1zx2bi
How do chemists know the taste and odor of highly toxic substances?
For example, one of the most toxic substances, [VX](_URL_1_), is described as "tasteless" and "odorless" and [Soman](_URL_0_) is described as having a faint odor. How do chemists learn that? Can they somehow simulate human sense of taste and smell?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1zx2bi/how_do_chemists_know_the_taste_and_odor_of_highly/
{ "a_id": [ "cfxsmse", "cfxsnpl" ], "score": [ 11, 3 ], "text": [ "Chemists frequently used to taste the chemicals they made in the lab. Sometimes it just happens by accident. If the chemist who invented saccharine had washed his hands properly before eating dinner, we would not be using...
[]
[ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soman", "http://goo.gl/2EgyiF" ]
[ [], [] ]
2yi0yk
how long would power grids stay up in an area who's power comes from hydrostatic electricity if a "last man on earth" situation arose?
How long would power grids be up? Is it possible a place like Navada who's main power comes from the Hoover dam be up much longer? *I don't know electrical infrastructure* First asked [here](_URL_0_)
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2yi0yk/eli5_how_long_would_power_grids_stay_up_in_an/
{ "a_id": [ "cp9pdi3", "cp9qbkm" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "If you suddenly find yourself as the last man on earth, power wouldn't really be that much of a problem. As you don't need the power from the hover dam to power what you need.\n\nJust find yourself a generator and a gas stat...
[]
[ "http://www.reddit.com/r/LastManonEarthTV/comments/2yh0gy/what_would_you_drive/cp9om8r" ]
[ [], [] ]
sfa46
What is a "permanent" orbit, exactly?
The moon, for example, is gradually escaping, but it'll be reliably here for the foreseeable future--does that count as permanent? Are truly permanent orbits possible, in practical terms? (Obviously they are theoretically) Edit: Not sure people are quite getting the question. Let's phrase it this way: if I put a space...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/sfa46/what_is_a_permanent_orbit_exactly/
{ "a_id": [ "c4dk5qe", "c4dk8z4", "c4dkuvi" ], "score": [ 3, 4, 3 ], "text": [ "In a truly ideal physical model, sure. In the real world, I can imagine chaos could perturb a system from the ideal \"permanence\" to what is just \"practically permanent\"", "The Moon is gradually ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
2lza05
what exactly do economists do to "seasonally adjust" unemployment figures
I mean, I get the basic premise that there tends to be more hiring at certain times of the year, but what do they do to the numbers to "normalize" them?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2lza05/eli5_what_exactly_do_economists_do_to_seasonally/
{ "a_id": [ "clzlldr" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "It's pretty chill, iirc.\n\nStep 1: Data\n\nYou want the average unemployment each year for 10 years or so, and the average unemployment during the test season for each of those.\n\nStep 2: Ratios\n\nIn each year, figure out how much bigger or sm...
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[]
[ [] ]
3jp1n6
why do soldiers wear watches with dial underside of wrist instead of over wrist?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3jp1n6/eli5why_do_soldiers_wear_watches_with_dial/
{ "a_id": [ "cur4tn0", "cur4vvw", "cur50k1" ], "score": [ 3, 25, 11 ], "text": [ "For us mechanics I did it because it would get in the way more often if it was on top of my wrist rather than in the \"elbow\" of my wrist. Cellphones are a huge no no on a flightline, and that was a ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
9jv007
why do pawns in chess that cross the board get to choose something other than the queen? why would you choose something inferior that has less moves?
I understand some some might choose to promote the pawn to be a night for its irregular moves and different strategy, and that is probably an exception. But why would a player choose to promote its pawn to either Bishop or Rook when a Queen can do both of those jobs? Why is it an option, if everybody chooses Queen anyw...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9jv007/eli5_why_do_pawns_in_chess_that_cross_the_board/
{ "a_id": [ "e6uf400", "e6v059p" ], "score": [ 3, 12 ], "text": [ "It's not exactly known but it probably dates to the fact that chess has had the promotion rule longer than the modern queen.\n\n\"Queens chess\" is the modern chess rules, because the last major rules change was the modern ...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
6nv23b
Did the 1989 abolishment of the Fairness Doctrine achieve the goals of the D.C. Court of Appeals in Syracuse Peace Council v. FCC?
This question [was originally proposed by /u/jellyberg in a previous thread](_URL_0_) in response to a comment by /u/gnothi_seauton and has been split off to allow more detailed discussion.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6nv23b/did_the_1989_abolishment_of_the_fairness_doctrine/
{ "a_id": [ "dkcg1na", "dkcyshq" ], "score": [ 83, 146 ], "text": [ "Would it be more accurate to say that this question is asking whether it had achieved those goals by 1997? I'm not entirely sure how the 20-year rule applies in a case like this.", "It depends who you ask. The Fairne...
[]
[ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6npayq/disneys_aladdin_released_in_1992_included_robin/dkbhjvr/" ]
[ [], [ "http://www.jstor.org/stable/41940183", "https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-301965A1.pdf", "http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/467996", "http://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/20/opinion/the-unfairness-doctrine.html", "http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2017/...
2crxut
If the world's most powerful telescope was pointed towards the moon how closely could we examine the moon's surface?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2crxut/if_the_worlds_most_powerful_telescope_was_pointed/
{ "a_id": [ "cjigfhr", "cjihhz6", "cjioeql" ], "score": [ 8, 133, 3 ], "text": [ "Power, as it comes to telescopes, is really about two separate things.\n\n1) light gathering. Very distant objects are very very dim. (brightness decreases with the square of distance). So if you want...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [ "http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/08/12/moon-hoax-why-not-use-telescopes-to-look-at-the-landers/#.U-JnqGMuvmc" ] ]
svlzd
How are lab-created gemstones different from naturally formed ones?
Are lab-created gemstones, like diamonds or garnets, structurally different than natural ones? Are there any noticeable differences in the appearance or clarity of the stones? Will one be more durable or more luminous than the other? Thanks in advanced!
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/svlzd/how_are_labcreated_gemstones_different_from/
{ "a_id": [ "c4hd6lk" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "*Not responding as my tag - but because I am a gemstone collector*\n\nIt depends on the gemstone. Diamonds, topaz, sapphire, etc - can be grown in the lab and create flawless gems.\n\nHowever... there is a big difference between lab grown and nat...
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[ [] ]
14q05r
Why does paper 'remember' when it's been rolled up?
As in, if I roll up a bit of paper and then un-roll it, why will it bend in the direction it's been rolled?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/14q05r/why_does_paper_remember_when_its_been_rolled_up/
{ "a_id": [ "c7fcsym", "c7fdrxl", "c7fgwd9" ], "score": [ 24, 14, 5 ], "text": [ "The outside of the roll is under tensile stress. Therefore, the interface in between the paper fibres and the matrix is deformed more than the inside. When you let go of the roll, the paper recovers t...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://citpsite.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/oldsite-htdocs/fingerprinting/paper_images/paper_microscope.png" ], [ "http://www.seas.harvard.edu/softmat/downloads/2003-03.pdf" ] ]
922j26
Why do historians sometimes reference a secondary source when a primary source is readily available?
I have been reading several (relatively academic) books on the history and mythology of the Ancient World and of the Classical Period, and I noticed that the writers sometimes reference other modern writers who reference an older text. For example, a 2001 book, when discussing point X, references a 1997 book making poi...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/922j26/why_do_historians_sometimes_reference_a_secondary/
{ "a_id": [ "e32ilri", "e32kqsp", "e32skam", "e32w93s" ], "score": [ 7, 10, 3, 8 ], "text": [ "It can help to build credibility by showing that other people agree with you, and helps share and acknowledge ideas. When researching a topic you tend to read supporting material ...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
37fkuc
sqrt(2) squared creates an rational number from an irrational number; can something similar be done for pi? Are there any exponents of pi that are rational?
Of course pi^0 is 1, but are there any others?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/37fkuc/sqrt2_squared_creates_an_rational_number_from_an/
{ "a_id": [ "crmce5i", "crmclty", "crmk2cr" ], "score": [ 39, 9, 3 ], "text": [ "No non-zero rational exponent will do this, because pi is transcendental.\n\nsqrt(2) is irrational but algebraic - that means there is a polynomial with rational coefficients to which sqrt(2) is the so...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental_number" ], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindemann%E2%80%93Weierstrass_theorem", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_number" ], [] ]
bm602w
how do smartphones maintain their touchscreen capabilities with a glass/plastic screen protector?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bm602w/elif_how_do_smartphones_maintain_their/
{ "a_id": [ "emu0a95", "emu14en" ], "score": [ 2, 3 ], "text": [ "They work by capacitance. A capacitor is, at its simplest, two parallel plates which can accumulate electric charge. No direct contact is required as long as the distance is small. If the gap is too high, it won't work.", ...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
14wxex
Why can i see the outline of the whole moon right now, even though only a sliver is lit up?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/14wxex/why_can_i_see_the_outline_of_the_whole_moon_right/
{ "a_id": [ "c7h610u" ], "score": [ 27 ], "text": [ "Reflected Earthlight: In the same way the dark surface of the Earth is lit by moonlight, the dark surface of the moon in turn is lit by the light reflected from the Earth." ] }
[]
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[ [] ]
406s4u
When space expands, do objects get bigger?
It seems to me that in an expanding universe, objects would enlarge in tandem with space and so the apparent distance between 2 objects should stay the same over time barring any other movement. Obviously, this can't be the case, otherwise we wouldn't be able to notice the expansion in the first place, but do objects c...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/406s4u/when_space_expands_do_objects_get_bigger/
{ "a_id": [ "cyrzrov", "cys9jk2" ], "score": [ 30, 5 ], "text": [ "No. The expansion of space is only a \"global\" phenomenon - it's something which makes sense to talk about on the largest scales, but it's not present when you're talking about atoms and the solar system and the galaxy and...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
1if5dc
What is the minimum sized moon (or asteroid) that I could reasonably stand on and not reach escape velocity by simply pushing off?
This is in light of the discovery of a new moon near Neptune. So, I guess this question has a couple of assumptions: I am a 175lb (79.37kg) male, I am capable of jumping 32 inches(0.8128 m). I'm not sure what that translates to in force and whether those are the only considerations and assumptions which need to be ma...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1if5dc/what_is_the_minimum_sized_moon_or_asteroid_that_i/
{ "a_id": [ "cb3tm3k", "cb41ait" ], "score": [ 149, 13 ], "text": [ "[This sums it up pretty well](_URL_0_)\n\nDeimos is at about the limit of what's necessary to keep you grounded.", "Sort of follow up question.\n\nCould there be an asteroid made of something really dense that had a l...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://xkcd.com/681_large/" ], [] ]
5ph11e
Why does overclocking a CPU make it unstable?
I'm interested to know what physical processes make CPUs less stable at higher clock speeds. I imagine it might be similar to the idea of transistors smaller than 10 nm having issues with quantum tunneling. Why does the varying purity of the silicon (dubbed as the silicon lottery) affect how well a chip can overclock? ...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5ph11e/why_does_overclocking_a_cpu_make_it_unstable/
{ "a_id": [ "dcrdnwh", "dcrh5nt", "dcriljo" ], "score": [ 28, 3, 11 ], "text": [ "Instability is not caused by heat; that answer is simply incorrect. Higher temperature can lower stability slightly but the factor is very small compared to higher clock itself.\n\nEach clock cycle co...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
2h0yoy
Why does ethanol provide calories? How is it metabolized?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2h0yoy/why_does_ethanol_provide_calories_how_is_it/
{ "a_id": [ "ckotbxy", "ckp3hy2" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "During the first two steps of alcohol metabolism, it is oxidized into acetate with concomitant creation of 2NADH. Each NADH is good for creating 2.5 ATP molecules (these are energy equivalents). After creation of acetate, th...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
a7sj1v
How difficult was it to design Chess? Was there multiple, evolving versions of it? How did it spread across the globe like it has?
Basically I just wanna know about Chess, but the early days.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/a7sj1v/how_difficult_was_it_to_design_chess_was_there/
{ "a_id": [ "ec68sho", "ec6jgvt" ], "score": [ 105, 7 ], "text": [ "Chess was most likely created in modern-day India roughly 1500 years ago, where it was called \"four members\" (chaturanga), referring to the 4 parts of an army: cavalry, elephants, chariots, and infantry. The earliest rul...
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[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiangqi#/media/File:Xiangqi_Board.svg" ], [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9rglol/how_did_indian_chess_compare_to_the_version_that/" ] ]
esng1w
In 1604 there was a supernova that caused a star to be bright enough to be seen during day time. How was this interpreted at the time? Did any figures or groups try to capitalise on it for political or spiritual influence?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/esng1w/in_1604_there_was_a_supernova_that_caused_a_star/
{ "a_id": [ "ffbzwlh", "ffsm11b" ], "score": [ 537, 9 ], "text": [ "Hopefully more people will be along to provide other perspectives!\n\nApparently, physican Baldassare Capra used the nova as an excuse to attack Galileo and make himself look better. Given the number of you who have heard ...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "Lu.tf", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0021828616669894?journalCode=jhaa" ] ]
9e2v60
what's the structural difference between regular glass, pyrex and corning gorilla glass, etc?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9e2v60/eli5_whats_the_structural_difference_between/
{ "a_id": [ "e5ls83h", "e5m26lm" ], "score": [ 6, 4 ], "text": [ "Pyrex, used in high temp laboratory glass and high temp cooking, is borosilcate; it has a percentage of boron blended into the batch.", "Everything we commonly think of as glass is mostly made of silicon dioxide, also ca...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
d53dlt
; why does lying down make you less nauseous?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/d53dlt/eli5_why_does_lying_down_make_you_less_nauseous/
{ "a_id": [ "f0jcv6c" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "In nature, nausea is almost always caused by food poisoning. Motion sickness is very hard to get by chance without a mount or a vehicle. \n\nNausea makes you want to stop doing what you are doing, throw up, and lay down. Throwing up is good f...
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[]
[ [] ]
241g4f
Books on French colonial wars
Sorry to ask but I couldn't find anything in the book list. Is there any good books on the French Algerian war and the French Vietnam war? Thanks for the help
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/241g4f/books_on_french_colonial_wars/
{ "a_id": [ "ch2ngtv" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "You should have gone to 'Middle East and North Africa' - > Modern History to find a suggestion on the Algerian War on my behalf. Anyhow, here are my suggestions!\n\n*A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962* by Alistair Horne - A classic in the ...
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[ [] ]
38ji1t
why is it illegal to deface united states currency yet those penny smashing machines are at every zoo and museum?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/38ji1t/eli5_why_is_it_illegal_to_deface_united_states/
{ "a_id": [ "crvhn6w", "crvhuq0", "crviapm", "crviu9e", "crvod84", "crvp6dl", "crvpoaa", "crvppln", "crvpwa4", "crvqocz", "crvr7w5", "crvr8se", "crvrn0z", "crvsuxl", "crvtd7e", "crvthhv", "crvtto9", "crvu433", "crvue84", "crvuyeu", "c...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_certificate_%28United_States%29#/media/File:US-$1-SC-1935-A-Fr.2300.jpg" ], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.aussiecoins.com/coins/Pennies/1946%20d304%20both%20web.jpg" ], [], [], [ "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/331" ], ...
14uq9b
Why is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) considered only effective with antidepressant-resistant patients?
I understand not all who go through this therapy for depression feel better (I've read different claims that range between %50 and %70 effectiveness rate). But the FDA approves this therapy only for patients who did not respond well to other types of therapies such as anti-depressants and talk therapy, and this point s...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/14uq9b/why_is_transcranial_magnetic_stimulation_tms/
{ "a_id": [ "c7glipi", "c7gsygz" ], "score": [ 6, 2 ], "text": [ "TMS isn't as well studied as traditional drug-based treatments. It's considered riskier because of that vague uncertainty. Its effectiveness may not compensate for risk factors we simply haven't yet observed because of the t...
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[ [], [] ]
2pddsq
with airspace so vast, why are there so many mid-air collisions and near-collisions?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2pddsq/eli5_with_airspace_so_vast_why_are_there_so_many/
{ "a_id": [ "cmvlxb0", "cmw5tj7" ], "score": [ 5, 2 ], "text": [ "I am not sure what you mean by \"so many\" as such things are rare. But almost all such collisions take place near airports, where the airspace is much more crowded.", "Actual knowledgeable answer here. They are rare, bu...
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[ [], [] ]
5crsik
Has any President-elect ever done as poorly in their home state as Donald Trump?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5crsik/has_any_presidentelect_ever_done_as_poorly_in/
{ "a_id": [ "d9z5t6s" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "I took a glance at all the presidential election data and found a few presidents-elect who lost their home state, depending on you define it. There was Trump, as you mentioned, but also the arguable cases of George H.W. Bush, Richard Nixon, Woodr...
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[]
[ [ "uselectionatlas.org", "http://uselectionatlas.org/" ] ]
81xqen
how does the removal of amygdala affect someone?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/81xqen/eli5_how_does_the_removal_of_amygdala_affect/
{ "a_id": [ "dv5ya1l", "dv5yp8p", "dv66ry4" ], "score": [ 5, 5, 6 ], "text": [ "The amygdala is the emotion centre of the brain, so it can mess with certain functions such as feeling emotions, for example fear. It could also make it difficult for the person to recognise emotions in...
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[]
[ [], [ "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13554794.2013.826695" ], [] ]
np9pe
What's happening when we go to sleep hungry, but awake without the urge to eat? Are we eating ourselves in our sleep?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/np9pe/whats_happening_when_we_go_to_sleep_hungry_but/
{ "a_id": [ "c3av00q", "c3av00q" ], "score": [ 11, 11 ], "text": [ "Yes, when you're fasting, your body will get most of its energy from stored fat, unless you're below about 4% body fat, then most will come from muscle tissue.", "Yes, when you're fasting, your body will get most of it...
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[ [], [] ]
hk8k4
How can an electron be "spherical"?
According to [this](_URL_0_) news article, a group of researchers have found that the electron is highly spherical, in fact almost perfectly so. However, to my knowledge the electron is a point particle that takes up no space at all. How can a particle that doesn't take up any space possibly be "spherical"? Have I miss...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hk8k4/how_can_an_electron_be_spherical/
{ "a_id": [ "c1w1jhv" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Very good explanation:\n\n_URL_0_" ] }
[]
[ "http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/05/110525131707.htm" ]
[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hjxu6/what_does_it_mean_to_say_that_an_electron_is_round/c1vyyla" ] ]
9epznr
Can Alpha Decay excite the inner electrons of the atom?
As the Alpha particle leaves the atomic nucleus of its parent atom, does it interact with the inner electrons and excite them to higher energy states? I found no direct answer to this in my preliminary searches. If so, are there any interesting quirks or results that come from this event? Thanks!
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/9epznr/can_alpha_decay_excite_the_inner_electrons_of_the/
{ "a_id": [ "e5qti2j", "e5r1rq7" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "It’s possible for the alpha particle to excite the atom and/or simply knock out electrons as it leaves the atom.", "It typically excites them right off the atom, leaving the residual atom in an ionised state. Nuclear eve...
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[ [], [] ]
6zv4i8
what is the rohingya genocide, and why is it happening right now?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6zv4i8/eli5_what_is_the_rohingya_genocide_and_why_is_it/
{ "a_id": [ "dmy8byr" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Myanmar (formerly Burma) is a largely Buddhist and Burmese country. There is a small minority of Muslims, centered in one particular region, called the Rohingya. The story the Buddhists tell is that the Rohingya are recent immigrants from Bangl...
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[ [] ]
b8uepa
When was the first porn website created for the internet/arpanet?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/b8uepa/when_was_the_first_porn_website_created_for_the/
{ "a_id": [ "ek0pl6e" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "\\[NSFW\\]\n\nWell, it has a pretty long history. It is one of the few things that pushed the growth of World Wide Web. World Wide Web was founded at CERN (Switzerland, European Atomic Research Centre) but had almost no role in porn's rising popu...
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[]
[ [ "https://match.com", "sex.com", "Sex.com", "Gamelink.com", "https://Gamelink.com", "https://web.archive.org/web/19961219002946/http://www.sex.com/", "match.com", "https://web.archive.org/web/19970607211010/http://www.gamelink.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_...
rxtpb
gnu general public license (gpl),
version 2, ifanyone wants to get specific.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/rxtpb/eli5_gnu_general_public_license_gpl/
{ "a_id": [ "c49ip1x", "c49jxfv" ], "score": [ 8, 8 ], "text": [ "Have you tried reading the preamble? its quite well written in non legalese ", "It sets up a scenario like this.\n\nAlice makes a computer program that does XYZ. She releases it online under the GPL license, which means...
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[ [], [] ]
26n35l
why can blockbuster movie sequels be so much more profitable than the original?
Is there a huge proportion of people who have only seen Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Pt. 2 or Iron Man 3 and not the previous films?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/26n35l/eli5_why_can_blockbuster_movie_sequels_be_so_much/
{ "a_id": [ "chsk8ci", "chsliqz" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "If the first movie is really good, it creates much more anticipation for the following films. ", "The home video business is very lucrative. Films that underperform can have a second life on DVD. In many cases, it turns ...
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[ [], [] ]
3oed3q
why do we see super tiny rainbow dots zipping around in our view when looking at a neutral scene?
Take for example, looking at a clear blue sky unfocused. Those little tiny dots of rainbow. Another post about flashes of light with eyes closed reminded me.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3oed3q/eli5_why_do_we_see_super_tiny_rainbow_dots/
{ "a_id": [ "cvwh2ut", "cvwh32t", "cvwh6kg", "cvwhn65" ], "score": [ 3, 3, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "They shouldn't be a rainbow, they should be basically white -- but if it looks like a bunch of little insects zipping around sort of in circles around the center of vision, what yo...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [ "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_snow" ] ]
3bjfz3
why is it impossible for large crowds to keep a consistent rhythm without a clear leading percussion?
This is a phenomenon that occurs at any festival or football match. When clapping, or shouting a word in a rhythm, the crowd will start going faster and faster until its all a jumble and dissolve into applause. Why?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3bjfz3/eli5why_is_it_impossible_for_large_crowds_to_keep/
{ "a_id": [ "csmnx1c", "csmpqh1" ], "score": [ 3, 4 ], "text": [ "As a musician all I can say is that it's human condition. Without direction to your tempo everybody gets faster. No matter who it is they get faster when they don't pay attention to conductors or the drum line. Also, the dru...
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[ [], [] ]
4qjr70
Why did France and England develop different forms of monarchies?
Just been thinking about this recently- Was there some kind of motive behind this?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4qjr70/why_did_france_and_england_develop_different/
{ "a_id": [ "d4tnv4t", "d4uddtz" ], "score": [ 18, 3 ], "text": [ "Could you be more specific about what you want to know? No two monarchies were exactly alike, just like no two countries today have exactly the same laws. Do you mean why did France become an absolute monarchy while England...
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[ [], [] ]
266tap
why don't officers aim for an extremity when dealing with a possible threat instead of aiming to kill?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/266tap/eli5why_dont_officers_aim_for_an_extremity_when/
{ "a_id": [ "cho7jkd" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Dead man can't sue.\n\n\n\ntbh... i never understood that either. Perhaps its harder to hit an arm and if you only got 1-2 shots to fire, you want to make sure you stop the perp." ] }
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[ [] ]
25wy6c
Was there a "style" difference between the different decades in the Soviet Union?
When you think bout the '50s, '60s, '70s, and '80s in America, there are very clear and distinct styles associated with them (mainly fashion, popular culture, and technology). Was there a similar evolution of style in the Soviet Union? Did it evolve alongside with US?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/25wy6c/was_there_a_style_difference_between_the/
{ "a_id": [ "chln40l" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Soviet Fashion was definitely a thing. I would argue that it more closely mirrored Western Europe than America, but there was some American influence as well.\n\nDjurdja Bartlett's book on the topic is quite good, if you are interested in finding...
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[]
[ [ "http://www.retromoda.ru/images/journal-mod.jpg", "http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5507/107487115.1b/0_5c594_77319b43_XL.jpg", "http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lvvk05lfVU1r3sn0vo1_500.png", "http://komsomol-museum.ru/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/7.jpg" ] ]
7fmsqt
how does one person compose for an orchestra?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7fmsqt/eli5_how_does_one_person_compose_for_an_orchestra/
{ "a_id": [ "dqcw0ee", "dqcw8y2", "dqcwblc", "dqd6pb0" ], "score": [ 3, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Playing the instrument really isn't all that relevant, because the parts are generally written in the same format regardless of what instrument they're for. In theory the composer ...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
5gr4xk
xbox download speeds
My internet speeds from speed test is 273 down 60 up. But on my xbox 1 it sits around 150 down. I have a download going right now (Dead Rising 4) and the speed was around 40-50 down. After I completely hard reset the console it's averaging 130-140. I guess this is a 2 stage question, why is the connection far bett...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5gr4xk/eli5_xbox_download_speeds/
{ "a_id": [ "daugihi" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "You are not only limited by the speed of your internet connection, but also the speed at which the remote server is willing or able to send you the data.\n\nThe smart money is that Microsoft has capped their connection speed from their servers to...
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[ [] ]
2fcv2j
when a door leading outside on the main floor of my house is opened my bedroom door on a different floor moves a little bit. how/why does this happen?
I could understand the air pressure thing if the doors were in the same room or close. The thing that is really interesting to me is even though there are quite a few turns (walls) and floor levels between the 2 doors the upstairs door will move/creak immediately. I don't think my house is anywhere near air tight. Why...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2fcv2j/eli5_when_a_door_leading_outside_on_the_main/
{ "a_id": [ "ck7zymo" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Slight changes in pressure and drafts are created when you open the door. \n\nOn a side note, a house that does not have a constant flow of people coming and going is more likely to have mold growths. Foreclosed houses that sit for long periods h...
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[ [] ]
2ilx5v
in movies when people point guns at each other is there actually a chance that if you shoot first the other person will shoot as he/she dies?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ilx5v/eli5_in_movies_when_people_point_guns_at_each/
{ "a_id": [ "cl3ae11", "cl3ah0c", "cl3aoit", "cl3h6so" ], "score": [ 11, 6, 5, 3 ], "text": [ "guns are only instantly lethal if they hit very specific parts of the body. Sure you'd have a very hard time shooting someone after being shot just about anywhere, but it's possib...
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[ [], [], [], [] ]
10hzhp
Are there any widely accepted studies or evidence to support the blood type diet? (Biology)
Sorry i couldent tag it as biology, did not see an explination in the FAQ or guide. My mom started this diet called the blood type diet in which certain foods are matched to your blood type. The idea is that based off your blood type, your body is able to process foods differently so you should only eat certain things...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10hzhp/are_there_any_widely_accepted_studies_or_evidence/
{ "a_id": [ "c6dmqrl", "c6dn6wp", "c6dobc8" ], "score": [ 9, 6, 6 ], "text": [ "There have never been any clinic trials showing that it does anything, and goes against our general understanding of biology in several regards. More than likely it's no different than any of the other ...
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[ [], [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21625510" ], [] ]
72nyzz
How much energy does a tree consume in a day?
Hypothetically, there is an oak that is 80 ft tall, 24" diameter, and is 22,000 lbs (including roots). How much energy does that tree need from sunlight and nutrients in the soil on average to survive one day? I have read how much energy a tree can produce from being chopped down and wood burnt, but I haven't been abou...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/72nyzz/how_much_energy_does_a_tree_consume_in_a_day/
{ "a_id": [ "dnl4ela" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "The *net* amount of energy absorption that goes towards growth would in fact be the same as the caloric energy it contains.\n\nI couldn't find much on the caloric intake, and I've completely struck out for the intake of a 22,000 pound tree that i...
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[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2fb2uz/have_we_ever_measured_the_caloric_intake_of_a_tree/", "http://www.gabrielpopkin.com/are-plants-energy-efficient/" ] ]
1t3iqf
why does gum liquefy after eating chocolate while chewing?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1t3iqf/eli5_why_does_gum_liquefy_after_eating_chocolate/
{ "a_id": [ "ce3yd6i", "ce41itg", "ce42zr8", "ce488lq", "ce4cxoa" ], "score": [ 14, 6, 2, 2, 10 ], "text": [ "Wait, it does what? Brb op, trying this out!", "Can confirm, I did this a couple times as a kid and the gum just sort of melted. The two great tastes th...
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[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
2skbet
How did Nazi death camp survivors recover from malnutrition and starvation?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2skbet/how_did_nazi_death_camp_survivors_recover_from/
{ "a_id": [ "cnqf4d7", "cnqh11a", "cnqh1bb", "cnqlfvc", "cnqrp0f", "cnqtdbr" ], "score": [ 17, 13, 66, 13, 2, 7 ], "text": [ "Are you asking about the biology of recovering from severe malnutrition, or are you asking about the steps Allied troops and others ...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.sightandlife.org/fileadmin/data/Magazine/2012/26_2_2012/sir_jack_cecil_drummand_a_hero_of_nutrition_science_and_advocacy.pdf" ] ]
29wq8w
what causes some people to be "toe walkers"?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/29wq8w/eli5_what_causes_some_people_to_be_toe_walkers/
{ "a_id": [ "cip81q6", "cip8fvp", "cip8i8k", "cip8jbm", "cip8rf5", "cip92xz", "cip96pz", "cipagwb", "cipbbo3", "cipbhvq", "cipbrqb", "cipbz3o", "cipck4c", "cipeicc", "cipgpki" ], "score": [ 4, 3, 2, 4, 9, 23, 53, 2, 5,...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toe-walking/basics/causes/con-20034585" ], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3103037/" ], [] ]
86fqup
why don’t cars use one large cylinder versus a v6/v8/v12 for additional horse power?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/86fqup/eli5_why_dont_cars_use_one_large_cylinder_versus/
{ "a_id": [ "dw4oxtq", "dw4p26u", "dw4p49r", "dw4p8pl", "dw4pb57", "dw4pt07", "dw4y6hb", "dw5eov6" ], "score": [ 5, 2, 3, 8, 5, 2, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Vibration issues. The more cylinders a car has, the better balanced the engine should be. If...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
3xiv7d
why are things shiny (or shinier) when wet?
what is it about wet substances that make them more reflective than dry substances? (for example a puddle of wet paint is very reflective until it dries)
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3xiv7d/eli5_why_are_things_shiny_or_shinier_when_wet/
{ "a_id": [ "cy4zvsu" ], "score": [ 9 ], "text": [ "When you look at something - anything - what you're really seeing is light bouncing off of that object and then traveling to your eyes. When light strikes a surface, it will reflect at the same angle that it struck the surface at, 100% of the tim...
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[ [] ]
5fiyib
How do storms form in the middle of a large landmass like a continent? Don't they need enormous bodies of water like oceans to form?
I know there are lakes and rivers but I always assumed that they contributed just a small fraction of the water from evaporation that oceans provide
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5fiyib/how_do_storms_form_in_the_middle_of_a_large/
{ "a_id": [ "dakpxj3", "dalmrjk" ], "score": [ 6, 2 ], "text": [ "1) Even inland areas can provide a great deal of water. Lakes, ponds, soil, forests, all contain a ton of H2O constantly evaporating into the sky.\n\n2) Water-laden air can still move great distances from oceans. It's gene...
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[ [], [] ]
3sreh6
During what decade did we rule out the idea of intelligent alien life on Mars?
During my lifetime, the idea of a Martian population has been considered so unlikely as to be ruled out. However, looking back at fictional works, such as early Twilight Zone episodes, or Ray Bradbury's "The Martian Chronicles", the idea seems to be treated as entirely plausible. At least, possible enough to support s...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3sreh6/during_what_decade_did_we_rule_out_the_idea_of/
{ "a_id": [ "cwzymkx" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "William Wallace Campbell put forth an extensive, decades-spanning effort to prove against the weight of accepted turn-of-the-20th-century science to demonstrate that the Martian atmosphere had negligible water and oxygen. His 1894 and 1910 demons...
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[ [] ]
jin15
Do radioactive materials really glow in the dark?
And if they glow, what color? :)
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jin15/do_radioactive_materials_really_glow_in_the_dark/
{ "a_id": [ "c2cffr9", "c2cfgml", "c2cfn1k", "c2cfucz", "c2cifj8", "c2ciwyl", "c2cffr9", "c2cfgml", "c2cfn1k", "c2cfucz", "c2cifj8", "c2ciwyl" ], "score": [ 21, 8, 12, 3, 2, 2, 21, 8, 12, 3, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "...
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[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Plutonium_pellet.jpg" ], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation" ], [], [], [], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pluto...
4374aj
How did parents view morbid nursery rhymes children sang about current events of the time, and were they written by children or parents?
I recently heard the tragic story of Bridget Cleary who was murdered by her husband for, according to him, being a changeling fairy and not his wife. An Irish nursery rhyme was inspired by this event, "Are you a witch, or are you a fairy/Or are you the wife of Michael Cleary?" And then there's the more famous exam...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4374aj/how_did_parents_view_morbid_nursery_rhymes/
{ "a_id": [ "czgcido" ], "score": [ 9 ], "text": [ "Very likely it did not bother them to have their children singing them. Nursery rhymes would be sung at the same time Broadside Ballads would be sold in the local market and bought for singing in taverns and homes: these were composed about recen...
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