q_id
stringlengths
5
6
title
stringlengths
3
301
selftext
stringlengths
0
39.2k
document
stringclasses
1 value
subreddit
stringclasses
3 values
url
stringlengths
4
132
answers
dict
title_urls
list
selftext_urls
list
answers_urls
list
5m5uep
why are black crimes against white people so rarely classified as "hate crimes" despite evidence appearing so? e.g. chicago yesterday
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5m5uep/eli5why_are_black_crimes_against_white_people_so/
{ "a_id": [ "dc10g2p" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Because it's a sensitive subject for many people and political and non-political entities alike don't want to offend anyone. It doesn't matter if it's rational. The Chicago PD basically has a choice of saying that the torture was a hate crime, a...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
6gtkjz
why do we still have to bring our license when the police can just search us up on tablets nowadays?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6gtkjz/eli5_why_do_we_still_have_to_bring_our_license/
{ "a_id": [ "disxdlh", "disz4bd", "diszukj", "dit0mll", "dit2or6" ], "score": [ 2, 2, 4, 3, 17 ], "text": [ "We can easily lie about our name and date of birth. Harder to use someone else's picture ID", "I am not a cop but it makes perfect sense to me that the \...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
10cx5j
Why can we only see the products of proton collisions (like in the LHC), but not what happens in the actual collision itself?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10cx5j/why_can_we_only_see_the_products_of_proton/
{ "a_id": [ "c6cdnqm", "c6cdt39", "c6cdxyq", "c6cekin", "c6chbuz", "c6cl81c" ], "score": [ 30, 14, 2, 4, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Actually, we can't even see the products of the collisions. When you look at a picture like [this](_URL_0_), what you're seeing are th...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://i.imgur.com/WFjb8.jpg" ], [ "http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/research/Detector-en.html", "http://www.universetoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/cms_higgs-event.jpg" ], [], [ "http://www.pd.infn.it/~dorigo/wprod_lo.jpg" ], [], [] ]
68v05r
Was 'Degenerate Art's' attributes or properties ever properly described by Nazi regime? Were there criteria by which the Nazis decided what was 'Degenerate art' or did they deem it as degenerate whenever it was made by a Jewish artist regardless of the art itself?
I am more versed in music, so if we take Mahler as an example - were there any specific, tangible, criteria by which his music was deemed to be Degenerate?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/68v05r/was_degenerate_arts_attributes_or_properties_ever/
{ "a_id": [ "dhswkmx" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "The *Entartete Musik* exhibitions did have particular criteria, but you're quite right in that simply being composed by a Jew would be more than enough to meet the criteria. \n\nThe *Reichsmusikammer* or Reich Music Chamber compiled specific list...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
g3f3dj
when you are sitting in a car that is stationary, and the car next to you pulls away, why does it sometimes feel that you are moving instead? (the amount of times i have panicked thinking i am rolling away and pressed the brakes repeatedly is silly)
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/g3f3dj/eli5_when_you_are_sitting_in_a_car_that_is/
{ "a_id": [ "fnqxc9t", "fnr00cf" ], "score": [ 5, 2 ], "text": [ "So you have 3 ways to sense movement in the world around you, and one of them is playing tricks on the other two!\n\nYour eyes (visual), your ears (vestibular), and your skin (somatosensory) tell your body where it is and wh...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
cuxcql
what is the difference between a first american edition and printing and simply the first edition and printing?
In the long run does it make that much of a difference? Especially when they are published in the same year? It seems like it should make a difference and Google was so confusing on this.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/cuxcql/eli5_what_is_the_difference_between_a_first/
{ "a_id": [ "ey00fd3" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "First American editions refer to books that were initially printed in Europe.\n\nThe first American edition of a book is the first print run of a book made in America. Depending on the book this might have been decades after the initial print run...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
32kh12
How would you break down the history of Europe into 12 sessions?
Here's the background: I'm organizing a history study meetup, we're about 30 people now, none of us are historians, we just like discussing and want to learn more about this topic. So we want divide the topics between ourselves, meet once per month and take turns presenting to the rest of the audience, so that would g...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/32kh12/how_would_you_break_down_the_history_of_europe/
{ "a_id": [ "cqc2x5p", "cqc3stj", "cqc4x4n", "cqc6h9v", "cqc86i3", "cqcmgmq", "cqcxnft" ], "score": [ 3, 4, 13, 10, 3, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "This is just rough I'm not an expert on all European history, I don't think anyone is lol, but: Greek to start o...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/late-middle-ages.html", "http://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/high-middle-ages.html", "http://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/early-middle-ages.html" ], [], [] ]
bxlf27
What kind of planetary/solar configuration would cause the random, long winters in Game of Thrones?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bxlf27/what_kind_of_planetarysolar_configuration_would/
{ "a_id": [ "eq8cs8h", "eq8wzqs", "eqa7kwx" ], "score": [ 19, 7, 5 ], "text": [ "There's been a few tongue-in-cheek papers that have been written as part of April Fool's jokes to try to explain this: \n_URL_2_ \n_URL_1_ \n_URL_0_\n\nRoughly, the ideas that have been pitched fall...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.12195", "https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.11390", "https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.0445" ], [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_star" ] ]
70ry8z
the sun puts out a constant wave of energy. energy cannot be created or destroyed. there's a layer of ozone around earth. according to these facts, there should be more and more energy constantly getting funneled into our planet, and less escaping. is this true, and what could we do with it?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/70ry8z/eli5_the_sun_puts_out_a_constant_wave_of_energy/
{ "a_id": [ "dn5hecs", "dn5hh5y", "dn5hidh", "dn5hj5h" ], "score": [ 5, 3, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "energy escapes our planet via infrared emmissions roughly as quickly as it comes in.\n\ntheres a slight imbalance which we know as global warming, very impactful, but minor relativ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
5ev8q8
Why do diseases develop resistance to antibiotics, but not other things? -- like heat, alcohol, the immune system, etc.
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5ev8q8/why_do_diseases_develop_resistance_to_antibiotics/
{ "a_id": [ "dag1ute", "dag6itf", "dag982p" ], "score": [ 9, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Antibiotics selectively kill bacteria. So it's not that difficult for bacteria to by pass whatever mechanism makes it kill them. Heat and alcohol kill everything. It's not impossible to adapt, but it's ...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/d-brief/2016/09/14/russian-experiment-breeds-domesticated-foxes/#.WDldeBo8LYU" ], [] ]
bxllya
If a laser can impart momentum to a light sail, does it mean it has recoil?
Using space-based lasers to accelerate (or decelerate) ships is a near-future tech that's often taken as granted by futurists. It sure sounds awesome, but if it can impart momentum doesn't that mean that it will be submitted to some sort of recoil? Would they need to carry chemical fuel or have a backwards-shooting la...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bxllya/if_a_laser_can_impart_momentum_to_a_light_sail/
{ "a_id": [ "eq80lzo" ], "score": [ 22 ], "text": [ "Yes, a space-based laser being shot at a light sail would gain exactly as much momentum (but in the opposite direction) as the momentum of the light it sends out. This is true of any photon source; the momentum is in most cases completely neglig...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
7kyyxv
i read that as fat is gained, lots of blood vessels are generated. can someone explain this in more detail and what happens to these blood vessels as fat is lost?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7kyyxv/eli5_i_read_that_as_fat_is_gained_lots_of_blood/
{ "a_id": [ "drichyn", "driuyc7" ], "score": [ 24, 13 ], "text": [ "The process is called angiogenesis. Basically as more adipose tissue is accumulated, small vasculature will be generate to supply it with oxygen like and other cellular tissue. But often the accumulation of fat out matches...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
2ocs8b
why isn't there a waiter/waitress union?
Been in the business for 4 years now and have never understood this.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ocs8b/eli5_why_isnt_there_a_waiterwaitress_union/
{ "a_id": [ "cmlwafh", "cmlxz6r" ], "score": [ 10, 2 ], "text": [ "High turn over; hugely different employment circumstances; demographically young; small-business sector hiring policies.", "There are very few good unions in the USA. But it doesn't mean that's the case everywhere. In F...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://www.pam.fi/tyo/matkailu-ravintola-ja-vapaa-ajan-palveluala" ] ]
e4zb03
How important was Nazi-technology for the military development of the US after WWII?
So after considering, that the [Messerschmitt ME-262](_URL_0_) was the first jet-powered aircraft and also that Nazi scientist, most prominently Wernher von Braun, were a (maybe the?) major factor in the development of rocket and space technology amongst other technologies (eg firearms-technology, like the Sturmgewehr ...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/e4zb03/how_important_was_nazitechnology_for_the_military/
{ "a_id": [ "f9hc622" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "I'm not an expert on aviation history or rocketry so I will leave detailed answers on those to someone else, but I will say that in general the claims of Nazi technological superiority are overblown. The Me-262 was only the first jet aircraft to ...
[]
[ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_262" ]
[ [ "http://www.lonesentry.com/articles/ttt07/stg44-assault-rifle.html", "https://www.reddit.com/r/WarCollege/comments/b5vo5h/m16_vs_m14/eji0hub?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x", "https://www.reddit.com/r/WarCollege/comments/am75tz/other_postwwii_studies_on_the_use_of_weapons_and/", "https://www...
1kks5q
tracert/traceroute and it's purpose.
Can someone please explain to me what is traceroute for and what it's use for? thanks!
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1kks5q/eli5_tracerttraceroute_and_its_purpose/
{ "a_id": [ "cbpxdil", "cbpxejl", "cbpxpee" ], "score": [ 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "It traces a route. (Smart ass response ahoy!)\n\nIt'll try to send a packet to a specified node, and for each step of the journey it'll figure out where it is and get the information back to you. This i...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [ "google.com", "www.google.com" ] ]
16wky9
How was the sexual abuse of children by their parents viewed and dealt with in times before child protection laws and child protection services?
I guess the title speaks for itself.
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/16wky9/how_was_the_sexual_abuse_of_children_by_their/
{ "a_id": [ "c804vx4" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Before the 1970s, the sexual abuse of children was rather secret and socially unspeakable. It was not generally prosecuted as a crime and it was not placed in the public spotlight. For that reason it is hard to know how prevalent it was, althou...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
6skfj3
Would it have been possible to live anywhere in the world whilst World War 2 was happening and not know about the war?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6skfj3/would_it_have_been_possible_to_live_anywhere_in/
{ "a_id": [ "dleifwr", "dler6tb", "dlf3zp1" ], "score": [ 3, 7, 2 ], "text": [ "There are currently tribes in the world that haven't been contacted yet. They wouldn't have known that the war was happening: particularly those living in South and Central America. To get a more specif...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
59h2r2
how are submarines refuelled at sea?
I was reading a current news story regarding warships being refuelled at port, which were *probably* travelling with submarines. This implies that the submarines would not be refuelled at port, as not to give their existence away. So i was wondering how, if at all, are submarines refuelled at sea? Or is it because t...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/59h2r2/eli5_how_are_submarines_refuelled_at_sea/
{ "a_id": [ "d98d10j", "d98dhc0", "d98edp3", "d98fbon" ], "score": [ 35, 14, 6, 3 ], "text": [ "Nuclear submarines does not need much fuel. However they do need consumables like food and spare parts. There are also quite a lot of diesel submarines in use as they can be smal...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Emory_S._Land_(AS-39)", "http://www.msc.navy.mil/annualreport/2012/images/120403-N-QY759-156.jpg", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_tender" ], [], [] ]
2awy69
how do voice actors with myriad voices do it?
Is there something physically different for voice actors like Mel Blanc, Seth MacFarlane, or Tara Strong? Or can anyone do what they do with enough training and practice? For example, give me 20 years and I could likely play piano reasonable well. But I doubt I could ever really make my voice sound so completely differ...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2awy69/elif_how_do_voice_actors_with_myriad_voices_do_it/
{ "a_id": [ "cizl36q", "cizlgja", "cizrgmt" ], "score": [ 3, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "It's a mix of genetic diversity and practice, with the former contributing more than the latter.\n\nMost people can carry a tune decent enough to contribute to \"Happy Birthday\". Many people can sing d...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
27u3ur
how do spaceships fly without atmosphere to push against?
If there is no atmosphere in space to propulse against, how does a rocket propel through space, if it isn't pushing against anything?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/27u3ur/eli5how_do_spaceships_fly_without_atmosphere_to/
{ "a_id": [ "ci4dphj", "ci4du2o", "ci4dw3r", "ci4mwqu" ], "score": [ 3, 2, 16, 2 ], "text": [ "Rockets produce thrust via momentum transfer. Newton's Third Law says that Every Action produces and Equal and Opposite Reaction. The mass times the velocity of the exhaust of t...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
3b4e4i
how do dead pixel fixers work?
I just saw one on [/r/InternetIsBeautiful/](_URL_0_). Why does changing the color very frequently help? Feels like starting a defect engine again and again and again ...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3b4e4i/eli5how_do_dead_pixel_fixers_work/
{ "a_id": [ "csisfnu" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "When these pixel fixers work, it's because the pixel is stuck, and not dead. \n\n\nMy understanding of it is, the signal telling the pixel to change color, never reaches the destination. \n\n\nWhat the fixers do, is change the color rapidly so th...
[]
[ "http://www.reddit.com/r/InternetIsBeautiful/" ]
[ [] ]
cfgwoo
We hear a lot about allied intelligence from WWII really fooling a lot of German plans. Are there examples of German intelligence doing the same?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cfgwoo/we_hear_a_lot_about_allied_intelligence_from_wwii/
{ "a_id": [ "euae3ao", "euaeoas", "euaft3i", "euazura" ], "score": [ 605, 55, 138, 5 ], "text": [ "One example of the German intelligence services confusing their Allied counterparts was the 'Englandspiel' (England Game), also known as Operation North Pole, which affected B...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://www.nsa.gov/Portals/70/documents/news-features/declassified-documents/cryptologic-spectrum/german_intercept.pdf" ], [], [] ]
fjhsoz
Importance of Astronomy
It seems (maybe only for me) that many ancient civilizations take astronomy very seriously. Like Egypt, China, Aztec and so. But why it so important for them? Did it only religious or it have more immediately practical use? Thanks.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/fjhsoz/importance_of_astronomy/
{ "a_id": [ "fkn7af9" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "There are practical uses. In particular, crops need to be planted at certain times in the seasonal cycle. Where crops need to be planted before the wet season starts, it's very useful to be able to predict when the wet season will start. Astronom...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
1f5epq
How do trees create enough pressure to lift and crack concrete sidewalks with their roots?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1f5epq/how_do_trees_create_enough_pressure_to_lift_and/
{ "a_id": [ "ca6zttp", "ca6zw7d", "ca71uac", "ca79fxa", "ca7ayhs" ], "score": [ 48, 1054, 10, 10, 2 ], "text": [ "it doesn't take a lot of pressure to lift up concrete (1 psi over a sq ft is 144 lb of force). once the concrete is lifted up it still one piece and wi...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turgidity" ], [] ]
1caw2r
What exactly is smoke? Is all smoke the same or similar?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1caw2r/what_exactly_is_smoke_is_all_smoke_the_same_or/
{ "a_id": [ "c9er7l1" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Smoke is unburned products of combustion. If you have perfect combustion the only byproducts are CO2 and H2O, however in reality there are many byproducts including unburned material and partially burned ash. This is the stuff that makes smoke ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
1esa10
How do we test the eyesight of other animals?
It is well known that birds in general have significantly better eyesight than humans, but how can we know this of we can't perform traditional "read the lowest line on the chart" tests on them? Slightly related, how can we know when an animal (a dog for example) is colorblind?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1esa10/how_do_we_test_the_eyesight_of_other_animals/
{ "a_id": [ "ca3drcn", "ca4kang" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "[This study](_URL_1_) describes in detail the use of a slit-lamp to examine rabbit eyes. Also [this](_URL_0_) site describes some additional structures bird eyes have that allow for better vision. I doubt that there is a 20/...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.ebiomedia.com/what-animal-has-the-sharpest-eyesight.html", "http://journal.scconline.org/pdf/cc1973/cc024n03/p00163-p00180.pdf" ], [] ]
1wjgoh
What happened to the Mexican Nationals in Texas when it became independent 1836?
How were they treated? Did they side with the Mexicans or the Texans?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1wjgoh/what_happened_to_the_mexican_nationals_in_texas/
{ "a_id": [ "cf2p7dt" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "The story of Juan Seguin is illustrative of the history of Spanish speaking Texans of the time.\n\n\n_URL_0_\n\n\nMost Texans, Spanish speaking and English speaking, were united in their opposition to the Mexican government, and fought side by si...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Segu%C3%ADn" ] ]
3lx11s
why can we just pump water into deserts to solve rising sea levels?
Either build canals into desert areas or pump via long pipelines. Generations before us have taken on far more complex engineering challenges with less tech and resources. Why is this not viable?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3lx11s/eli5_why_can_we_just_pump_water_into_deserts_to/
{ "a_id": [ "cva0was", "cva3cje" ], "score": [ 27, 2 ], "text": [ "The surface of the oceans across the world is about 500 million square kilometers (roughly two hundred million square miles).\n\nTo reduce the level of the earth's oceans by one millimeter (about one 25th of an inch), you'd...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
4tvz3j
#eli5 how do we know what animals see?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4tvz3j/eli5_how_do_we_know_what_animals_see/
{ "a_id": [ "d5l5ix1" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "First off, dogs don't see black and white. They're dichromatic, able to see blue/green, but not trichromatic, so they can't see red or colors that are made up of red.\n\nWe can tell by looking at the structures of the eye themselves. We can see h...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
3idr2n
how can you tell when something is written well?
I always hear people talk about how a movie or a video game has good lines written into it, but I can never seem to figure it out. One example that I hear a lot is in Batman: Arkham Asylum, with one of the Riddler's tapes describing the answer to a riddle. _URL_0_ People say that that's an example of good writing, but...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3idr2n/eli5_how_can_you_tell_when_something_is_written/
{ "a_id": [ "cufil6x" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "Good writing makes you forget that you're reading. It has a cadence and realism to it that doesn't pull you out of the story. It's neither too sparse or too flowery to provide distraction. \n\nIt often has layers of subtext as well. What a charac...
[]
[ "https://youtu.be/AjpRf5rQg-I?t=32s" ]
[ [] ]
2wctug
Did those huge empires that were +2000 years ago govern much at all of their claimed land?
There have been many big empires and many of those seem way too big for governing considering what kind of knowledge and technology humans had back then. So did people who lived in those empires even know who was ruling their land? I mean had those empires just once went there with their army and said that this is ou...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2wctug/did_those_huge_empires_that_were_2000_years_ago/
{ "a_id": [ "copr3dz", "coprt31", "coqfdnk" ], "score": [ 7, 51, 2 ], "text": [ "This is an interesting question, and I have a related one: In imperial Rome for example, was the power and influence of the Roman government as evident in the frontiers as it was in Rome itself?", ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
57c6up
How dangerous were pre-modern cities at night?
I've read that people generally did not leave their houses at night because of how much more dangerous city streets were when lit only by dim candlelight. How dangerous are we talking? Were you truly risking your life if you simply had to leave your house in an emergency? Were the streets a free-for-all?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/57c6up/how_dangerous_were_premodern_cities_at_night/
{ "a_id": [ "d8rtn8f" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "I think the reason you aren't getting many answers is because the term \"pre-modern\" is so loose. Was that before street lighting? Was that before police forces? Or is there some other factor that you are referring to when you say \"pre-moder...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
21ul8b
How was France able to recover from crushing defeats at Crecy, Poitiers and Agincourt and still win the Hundred Years' War?
A few related questions: Did the English nobility speak to each other in French at that time? How would they communicate to English and Gascon soldiers? Did the French impose any punishments on Gascon and Bordeaux in particular at the end of the war? Why did hobelars dismount before fighting? Isn't that like tankers...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/21ul8b/how_was_france_able_to_recover_from_crushing/
{ "a_id": [ "cggwew4", "cggqu5r", "cggrihu" ], "score": [ 3, 16, 8 ], "text": [ "The English won the Hundred Years War. They got what they wanted, the King of England getting rightful recognition as the King of France.\n\nThen they went and lost it all.\n\nLeaving out the whole fr...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/hundred_years_war_01.shtml", "http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/Hundred_Years.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_claims_to_the_French_throne", "http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/archive/hundredyearswar.cfm" ], [], [] ]
2v35df
Can the blackhole at the centre of the galaxy evaporate?
Can our supermassive blackhole at the centre of our galaxy evaporate via Hawking radiation? If so what will happen to the galaxy?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2v35df/can_the_blackhole_at_the_centre_of_the_galaxy/
{ "a_id": [ "coe1r2o" ], "score": [ 269 ], "text": [ "**Short answer:** Yes.\n\n**Longer answer:** The black hole in the center of the galaxy has a mass of about 1 million solar masses, meaning that if no more mass fell into it for the rest of forever then it would take about 10^85 years for it to...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Five_Ages_of_the_Universe#Black_Hole_Era" ] ]
3ayoee
how are space probes directed with such precision?
If they are sending probes decades beforehand to arrive at a certain point in space how on earth do they get these things on such a specific course? Are they constantly altering it or is it pretty much set from day one?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ayoee/eli5_how_are_space_probes_directed_with_such/
{ "a_id": [ "csh5ldq", "csh5t9w" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Well, on Earth there's a ton of air particles and all sorts of other stuff that gets in the way when you're flying something around that can knock it off course. In space, bumping into something is a non issue. The only thin...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
olt78
how to play snooker
There's a snooker table at my local "pub" but I don't know how to play.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/olt78/eli5_how_to_play_snooker/
{ "a_id": [ "c3ia6by" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "On a break you must hit one of the red balls with the cue (white) ball. Every time you sink (*pot*) a red ball you must call and hit a colored ball. If you pot the colored ball, it is returned to its original position on the table. \n\nYou can co...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
3in6gn
Do we know Caesar's hobbies?
Do we know anything about it? I read somewhere that he wrote fiction in his youth, and of course later the reports of his exploits. But do we know anything else he did for recreation?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3in6gn/do_we_know_caesars_hobbies/
{ "a_id": [ "cuhydi0" ], "score": [ 31 ], "text": [ "Caesar was quite a prolific writer, which is perhaps not surprising since he was considered even by Cicero to be among the greatest orators and rhetoricians of his day. We know of the titles of quite a number of lost works. Suetonius mentions t...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
xitic
What do physicists mean by "Higgs-like?"
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/xitic/what_do_physicists_mean_by_higgslike/
{ "a_id": [ "c5mpy8f" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "I assume your reference is to the way the particle discovered at the LHC is being described as a \"Higgs-like particle\" rather than terming it definitively as the \"Higgs boson\" at this point.\n\nThe Standard Model specifies quite specifically ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
1lgga2
Do we know of any large empires in Asia before the Iron Age or in the early Iron Age?
After the Iron Age there were some huge conquests by Alexander, Cyrus, etc. But were there any such kinds of conquests earlier, dating back to early Iron Age and the Bronze Age? I'm specifically referring to Asia Minor, Fertile Crescent, Persia, Central Asia.
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1lgga2/do_we_know_of_any_large_empires_in_asia_before/
{ "a_id": [ "cbyztce", "cbyzw1k" ], "score": [ 2, 3 ], "text": [ "To the best of present knowledge, there was nothing like Alexander's empire in the Bronze Age, but it's really a question of definition. If you want something really big, then the answer is no. \n\nBut if you define empire a...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
euoe3n
Is the energy consumption of a phone's battery proportional to how close the images on the screen are to white colours (More light maybe) compared to a black image?
Is the energy consumption of a phone's battery proportional to how close the images on the screen are to white colours (More light maybe) compared to a black image?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/euoe3n/is_the_energy_consumption_of_a_phones_battery/
{ "a_id": [ "fftfr16" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "Both yes and no, depends on the screen.\n\nIf you have an OLED screen does a darker image consume less power due to the pixels in an OLED screen emitting its own light.\n\nIf you have an LCD does the color of the image not change the energy consu...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
49pyjn
Which gases are we using for Joule-Thomson Effect?
What are the gases used in Joule-Thomson Effect and why are we using them? What is the difference between the gases we can use and we cannot?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/49pyjn/which_gases_are_we_using_for_joulethomson_effect/
{ "a_id": [ "d0tz3zi", "d0u21bx" ], "score": [ 5, 3 ], "text": [ "All gases can, in theory, be used for the Joule-Thomson effect, since it simply describes the adiabatic (i.e. no heat exchanged) expansion of a gas. In practice, hydrogen, helium and neon are not usable at room temperature.\...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
f816zn
How were steppe armies not completely beaten by regular armies?
Stationary archers can shoot farther and stronger bows than horse archers. A horse wouldn’t charge a spear and gore itself so why couldn’t regular armies just use a lot of archers and piles/spears to beat steppe armies? How would steppe armies even begin to beat such a force?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/f816zn/how_were_steppe_armies_not_completely_beaten_by/
{ "a_id": [ "fku8job", "fkufg96" ], "score": [ 8, 2 ], "text": [ "Well of course you're right, steppe armies cannot hope to defeat a stationary force of infantrymen armed with bows to respond to arrow fire and walls of spears to defend against enemy charges, not only that but they might ju...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/fc1ubn/how_did_steppe_armies_win_against_chinese_armies/fj88m69/" ] ]
dg7ihv
most of the two headed animals i see are turtles. is there a reason why they are more common than other two headed animals, or is it just a coincidence?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dg7ihv/eli5_most_of_the_two_headed_animals_i_see_are/
{ "a_id": [ "f39vwdh", "f39xwng" ], "score": [ 8, 3 ], "text": [ "The main reason from what I understand is that, for a turtle/tortoise, they tend to live a very long time, and so two-headed animals in zoos tend to live ages and outlive other animals with two heads, meaning there's a lot o...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
28yf3i
If you submerged a burning match into liquid oxygen, would it continue to burn?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/28yf3i/if_you_submerged_a_burning_match_into_liquid/
{ "a_id": [ "cig6knd" ], "score": [ 7 ], "text": [ "Yes, it would burn very violently, and would burn out completely in a fraction of a second. Any combustible material that can burn in air will also burn in oxygen gas or liquid oxygen, with a much greater intensity. In fact, wood filings soaked w...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
827vok
if there are sin taxes on items harmful to the body such as alcohol and tobacco products to discourage purchasing them, why aren’t there any on unhealthy foods?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/827vok/eli5_if_there_are_sin_taxes_on_items_harmful_to/
{ "a_id": [ "dv817tt", "dv819fo", "dv8337b" ], "score": [ 8, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "1. Some cities have and there have been various propositions nationally to introduce taxes on unhealthy things like sugar-laden sodas. As these are extremely popular products, there is generally very lo...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
9aa4ap
why do airplanes have x amount of seats and x-20 amount of spaces for carry on luggage?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9aa4ap/eli5_why_do_airplanes_have_x_amount_of_seats_and/
{ "a_id": [ "e4tvc9f" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Because they can be configured in different ways.\n\nYou can see this just by looking at the seatmaps for A321s of [Jetblue](_URL_0_), [American Airlines](_URL_2_), and [Spirit](_URL_1_). You'll notice that they have different numbers of seats (...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://www.seatguru.com/airlines/JetBlue_Airways/Jetblue_Airways_Airbus_A321_B.php", "https://www.seatguru.com/airlines/Spirit_Airlines/Spirit_Airlines_Airbus_A321_V2.php", "https://www.seatguru.com/airlines/American_Airlines/American_Airlines_Airbus_A321_V2.php" ] ]
3wp5jt
Are migratory bird patterns disrupted when there's a very mild warm winter?
I live in a state that has four seasons, but this winter hasn't come yet and it's still about 60°. I'm wondering if migratory bird patterns are disrupted at all because of this.
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3wp5jt/are_migratory_bird_patterns_disrupted_when_theres/
{ "a_id": [ "cxy96lf" ], "score": [ 7 ], "text": [ "Hi there, i am from ireland and recently completed a bird training course in college.\n\nmigratory birds tend to move for 2 reasons, feeding grounds and breeding grounds.\n\nbreeding grounds tend to be fixed, whereas bird migrate south/north (dep...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
99ajl5
Sounds like a stupid question, but are there any effects of an earthquake to people in the air? Like on planes? Does our world get affected in any way other than on the ground?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/99ajl5/sounds_like_a_stupid_question_but_are_there_any/
{ "a_id": [ "e4ntacu" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "The crux of this question is how well vibrations in the ground are transmitted to vibrations in the air (ignoring stuff like flight control towers getting destroyed). Vibrations do not transfer that well going from a dense medium to one much less...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
eufimw
why does withdrawal cause the symptoms it does (nausea, sweats, shaking, disorientation, etc)?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eufimw/eli5_why_does_withdrawal_cause_the_symptoms_it/
{ "a_id": [ "ffp2hn1", "ffpjhhr" ], "score": [ 22, 2 ], "text": [ "Drugs and alcohol work by supplying an artificial boost of a chemical to the body. This chemical boost then provides a noticeable effect to the user: Stimulants make you more alert, depressants make you sleepy, painkillers...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
4vnf5l
why is e-mail not end 2 end encrypted, and whatsapp, imessage etc are?
I know PGP etc exist, but there is no easy way to send end to end encrypted emails. The most sensitive information are all send using plain text e-mails..
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4vnf5l/eli5_why_is_email_not_end_2_end_encrypted_and/
{ "a_id": [ "d5zs3er", "d5zs6gn", "d5ztflu" ], "score": [ 2, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "You *can* do end-to-end encrypted email. But for compatibility reasons it's not the default -- not everyone has encryption/decription software on their device.", "Email is decades old -- from an era...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
9w83xx
why do you say “hanged himself” and not “hung himself”?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9w83xx/eli5_why_do_you_say_hanged_himself_and_not_hung/
{ "a_id": [ "e9ij9g8", "e9ijpae", "e9ilrfl", "e9iluay", "e9in0fz", "e9iqik2" ], "score": [ 15, 2, 2, 11, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "It’s just one of those things in English. Hanged is reserved for hanging people and hung is really anything else.", "Most words be...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
fvl6fd
Are asymptomic COVID-19 carriers still creating antibodies for the virus?
My assumption would be that if someone doesn't have symptoms, their bodies are not fighting the infection.
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/fvl6fd/are_asymptomic_covid19_carriers_still_creating/
{ "a_id": [ "fmjm1k1" ], "score": [ 7 ], "text": [ "Yes. Unless you are referring to a “carrier” as someone who just got sneezed on, or has bodily fluid from a separate COVID-19 positive person on them. Anyone who has internalized COVID-19 immunoglobulins will produce antibodies for future exposur...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
cs2oqz
Why did Empress Dowager Cixi choose to escape to Xi'an and not to Jehol during the Boxer Rebellion?
It seems like Jehol would have been top option since that is where they went after the Second Opium War.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cs2oqz/why_did_empress_dowager_cixi_choose_to_escape_to/
{ "a_id": [ "excghc3" ], "score": [ 9 ], "text": [ "The answer is, to be honest, incredibly simple. In 1860, with the Taiping and Nian very much still in the game, and with the potential for pretty much anywhere in China to rise up in revolt, running southwest, closer towards rebel armies and deep...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
3d4rp1
taxes under bernie sanders
Im assuming they will skyrocket, but on what and whom?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3d4rp1/eli5_taxes_under_bernie_sanders/
{ "a_id": [ "ct1r8tc" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "His stated position on taxes is to remove deductions that benefit corporations, and raise taxes on capital gains (which would primarily hit wealthier people) and on the top 2% wealthiest Americans. \n\nOf course, it's worth noting that he doesn't...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
hfvun
Rate of rusting for common metals
How quickly do common household metals rust? How would one find the rate of rusting out? What affects the speed of rust formation? Thank you in advance, redditors!
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hfvun/rate_of_rusting_for_common_metals/
{ "a_id": [ "c1v336k" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "[This article](_URL_0_) listed initial corrosion rates of some common metals *in oxygenated water* (in O2 consumed per square dm per minute per avg cc O2 per litre of water):\n\nAluminum: 0.028\n\nZinc: 0.020\n\nIron: 0.020\n\nCopper: 0.0054\n\nN...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie50256a002" ] ]
8b8ayy
why breathing out doesn’t work when we’re choking ?
The air we breath out should be enough to push the foreign airway obstructing object out. Like in a blow pipe. But it’s not. Why that ?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8b8ayy/eli5_why_breathing_out_doesnt_work_when_were/
{ "a_id": [ "dx4p3sj", "dx4pgmk", "dx55s89" ], "score": [ 7, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Ever drink a beverage with a straw that has solid chunks of stuff like fruit or bobas in it? If it's an extremely tight fit, it takes a LOT of force to blow or suck the object through. If there's air ga...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
8v46fg
are fishes and other underwater creatures in danger when there are storms or is it still relatively safe for them beneath the surface?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8v46fg/eli5_are_fishes_and_other_underwater_creatures_in/
{ "a_id": [ "e1ke3vz", "e1ke6dw", "e1khh47" ], "score": [ 24, 3, 8 ], "text": [ "Most of the water movement occurs very near the surface so fish which wanted to avoid the storm could simply move deeper. As a rule of thumb at depths of greater than half the wavelength the water moti...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
1t8sx9
this idea for storing and using captured co2 emissions sounds pretty amazing. is it feasible?
The ideas presented in this video: _URL_0_ are pretty smart. However, although it presents a workable model, is it feasible financially? What are the costs to capture CO2? The film does not speak about this. The part where the idea about utilization of captured CO2 starts at 8:40.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1t8sx9/eli5_this_idea_for_storing_and_using_captured_co2/
{ "a_id": [ "ce5hq80" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Eh. Liquifying co2 at those scales would be very energy expensive. not to mention the whole storage and pumping system. Also bring the liquid co2 underground is not a very permanent solution. It would quickly turned into a gas if it ever got the ...
[]
[ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GR-AA3dINRs#t=" ]
[ [] ]
9rm4eg
why are some criminals deported and not imprisoned?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9rm4eg/eli5_why_are_some_criminals_deported_and_not/
{ "a_id": [ "e8hwhq0", "e8hwppp" ], "score": [ 6, 3 ], "text": [ "It will depend on a number of factors.\nBeing able to successfully convict someone would be a large issue with it. \nYou might be able to prove they attended the match and were in the area but not that they did anything ille...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
c61uf4
What's the most accepted hypothesis (or theory) for the cause (not pathology) of autoimmune diseases?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/c61uf4/whats_the_most_accepted_hypothesis_or_theory_for/
{ "a_id": [ "es6eyjd", "es7fq8k" ], "score": [ 2, 7 ], "text": [ "There is no unified theory. There's half a dozen reasons for the development of autoimmune diseases. Some are truly spontaneous and have no obvious etiology. Some are genetic and may be there from birth or develop later. Vi...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12016-011-8294-7#CR6", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841111001065#bib10", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841111001065#bib2", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/prolactin",...
od2bo
the constitutional basis of civil rights act of 1964.
Specifically, the part that makes discriminatory employment practices by private companies illegal.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/od2bo/eli5_the_constitutional_basis_of_civil_rights_act/
{ "a_id": [ "c3gbddg" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "The 14th amendment. Bam." ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
21lkzu
where does the ebola virus come from?
Is it an animal virus like chicken pox or swine flu?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/21lkzu/eli5_where_does_the_ebola_virus_come_from/
{ "a_id": [ "cge78nj" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ " > Is it an animal virus like chicken pox or swine flu?\n\nProbably, but they haven't identified the specific animal reservoir yet. It's commonly believed to be one or more species of bat though, for various reasons. " ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
dpfqrs
Why are some characters painted black or white on Greek vase paintings?
I've been looking at olpe paintings and noticed on some, some characters would be entirely white and some entirely black. Why would this be? the specific one I was looking at was one with Poseidon and Hermes being Black, and Athena being entirely white.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/dpfqrs/why_are_some_characters_painted_black_or_white_on/
{ "a_id": [ "f5wlrs5" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "What you are referring to is the so called [black figure pottery style](_URL_0_) which is the art style most commonly associated with Ancient Greece today, even though it was around for cca. a century (during 6th century BC or so called Archaic e...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Getty-open-image-attributed-to-group-e-workshop-of-exekias-attic-black-figure-neck-amphora-greek-attic-about-550-bc_013188F1V1.png/478px-Getty-open-image-attributed-to-group-e-workshop-of-exekias-attic-black-figure-neck-amphora-greek-attic-about-550-b...
94rjjp
What is the history of white teeth?
[deleted]
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/94rjjp/what_is_the_history_of_white_teeth/
{ "a_id": [ "e3n9g97" ], "score": [ 10 ], "text": [ "While you're waiting, check out these previous threads on teeth cleaning and whitening:\n\n[When did white teeth become a beauty standard?](_URL_1_) by /u/isabelladangelo\n\n[How did people keep their teeth clean in the Middle Ages?](_URL_0_) by...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/22h9hg/how_did_people_keep_their_teeth_clean_in_the/", "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4lq47k/when_did_white_teeth_become_a_beauty_standard/" ] ]
dhzn1o
why are burns separated into 1st 2nd and 3rd degree?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dhzn1o/eli5_why_are_burns_separated_into_1st_2nd_and_3rd/
{ "a_id": [ "f3s97zr" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "A first degree burn doesn't burn very deap and usually only effects the epidermis (top layer of skin) and it's symptoms are pain, redness, and maybe some swelling.\n\nA second degree burn generally burns into the papillary region of skin. It's sy...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
6m1y6e
They say the movable type was invented in China but did the fact that Chinese has thousands of characters create problems for the rise of printing in China?
The printing press for example relies on a system where it uses metal letters to print a book, but in China wouldn't they need a lot of metal characters to print a single book in Chinese? How did they adapted the printing press to the fact that Chinese has thousands of characters?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6m1y6e/they_say_the_movable_type_was_invented_in_china/
{ "a_id": [ "djydu1r" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "It did create problems, which was why woodblock printing ended up being more popular in China.\n\nMovable type was originally made in clay and typeset on an iron plate coated in a resin paste. This was around the 1040s. Bi Sheng, the person cre...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
2p3gux
when your hands are cold and you put them under lukewarm water it feels burning hot. if you can get past the perceived heat, will you actually get a burn?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2p3gux/eli5_when_your_hands_are_cold_and_you_put_them/
{ "a_id": [ "cmt52bd", "cmtc6s1", "cmtd5zx" ], "score": [ 13, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "IIRC cold cause blood vessels to contract and \"sink\" deeper into parts of your body. The sudden rush of hot water causes a rush of blood to the skin and your brain interprets this as pain. ", "Ba...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
7wferu
Why was Muslim Spain unable to stop the Reconquista?
If the Moors were able to remain there for so long, an indication to me of their strength over the Catholic Kingdoms to the north, why were they pushed back?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7wferu/why_was_muslim_spain_unable_to_stop_the/
{ "a_id": [ "du0bi03" ], "score": [ 86 ], "text": [ "I recently [answered a quite similar question here](_URL_0_). My focus there is more strongly on the Christian Iberian states and their military campaigns (esp. in the 12th-13th centuries), so hopefully someone can add more for the Muslim states...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7ublxf/how_significant_was_the_battle_of_las_navas_de/dtjarx5/" ] ]
2tgswn
[SERIOUS] Scientists of Reddit! What are some good books or sources for a laymens like myself to learn about astro-physics and quantum astro-physics?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2tgswn/serious_scientists_of_reddit_what_are_some_good/
{ "a_id": [ "cnyy0e7", "cnyyp5v" ], "score": [ 5, 2 ], "text": [ "Stephen Hawking's \"A Brief History of Time\" would be a good starting point. It is written for a broader audience, like something you would pickup while waiting at the airport. It has a great overview of cosmology, and new...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
2g452n
what was 9/11 like for george bush and other top government officials and military personnel?
Basically as the question states what was it like for them, where did they go, what happened, who did they speak to etc...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2g452n/eli5_what_was_911_like_for_george_bush_and_other/
{ "a_id": [ "ckflc8q" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Ari Fleischer, Former WH Press secretary for George Bush, is doing whole recollection on twitter about the events on that day...\n\nYou can find it [here](_URL_0_)" ] }
[]
[]
[ [ "https://twitter.com/AriFleischer" ] ]
2c2z2t
Does light exert a force when it hits an object...?
...and if so, how much light would be required to produce a visible effect?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2c2z2t/does_light_exert_a_force_when_it_hits_an_object/
{ "a_id": [ "cjbf2h6" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Yes, it does. This can even be used to propel spacecraft. You can read more [here](_URL_1_) and [here](_URL_0_)" ] }
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_sail", "http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/solarsail/#.U9gZFY1dWIs" ] ]
21svk5
How do we know what our solar system looks like? Do we have satellites outside of the solar system?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/21svk5/how_do_we_know_what_our_solar_system_looks_like/
{ "a_id": [ "cgg8sy1", "cgga9ly", "cgghl10" ], "score": [ 4, 4, 3 ], "text": [ "**Short answer:**\n\nBy observation with the naked eye and with earth-based telescopes, we have found all the major planets of our solar system and determined the characteristics of their orbits around ...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_cloud", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_Portrait_(Voyager)" ], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tycho_Brahe", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler's_laws_of_planetary_motion", "http://en.wikiped...
2d4n9v
when two hydrogen atoms fuse the energy released come from mass, but you still have two protons. what mass was converted into energy?
A few weeks back, my buddy was given this problem by his professor. He asked for help, and after countless attempts at putting this into a google-able question and sifting through his textbook we gave up. Its been on my mind ever since and I don't think I can continue living a normal life until I understand. When the r...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2d4n9v/eli5_when_two_hydrogen_atoms_fuse_the_energy/
{ "a_id": [ "cjm0yxc", "cjm12dd", "cjm1ykk", "cjm9umf" ], "score": [ 2, 4, 3, 4 ], "text": [ "are all the electrons in the same places? what about orbitals and covalent bonds?", "I'm pretty sure this is answered by the mass defect. Basically, the sum of the protons, neu...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_binding_energy" ] ]
6751cn
why would an asthma medicine increase risk for death due to asthma?
So I saw a commercial for a type of asthma medicine, but one of the side effects was increased risk of death due to asthma related symptoms. I'm very confused, please help.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6751cn/eli5_why_would_an_asthma_medicine_increase_risk/
{ "a_id": [ "dgnqbl0" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Drug companies are required by law (at least in the US) to report everything that occurred during their clinical trials, even if it isn't clear that the drug caused that side effect.\n\nFor some drugs there are literally tens of thousands of peop...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
o7vp5
How many times have humans put objects into space?
I think the question is pretty straight forward. Basically, how many times have we used rockets which got something into space. I'm thinking about things like telecommunications satellites, spy satellites, NASA missions, all manned space flights, deep space probes and rovers and stuff like that, going all the way bac...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/o7vp5/how_many_times_have_humans_put_objects_into_space/
{ "a_id": [ "c3f31mi" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Well, if you want to talk about just what's up there we can see (and this shows why it'd be hard to sneak stuff up there of large sizes), check out _URL_0_, and you can actually get the info of where and when to see any of the many satellites up ...
[]
[ "http://youtu.be/c-nZgJUtwG4" ]
[ [ "http://www.heavens-above.com/", "http://www.esa.int/esaMI/ESOC/SEMN2VM5NDF_mg_1.html" ] ]
6qm6qn
how do magnetic stripe cards/readers access account information?
When you swipe a debit/credit card, how does the reader know how much is in the account or how much credit is available without internet access? How does the mag stripe work in general?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6qm6qn/eli5_how_do_magnetic_stripe_cardsreaders_access/
{ "a_id": [ "dkycpce" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ " > Without internet access\n\nRight there is your problem. They *do* have internet access, either at the moment when they're verifying your card, or some time later when they send all of the day's purchases off to the card processors to be hand...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
2v1852
why are companies able to loan money to other parts of the same company? why is any interest involved?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2v1852/eli5why_are_companies_able_to_loan_money_to_other/
{ "a_id": [ "codjnwo", "codkbri" ], "score": [ 2, 3 ], "text": [ "Many big companies have divisions that operate independently of each other. They have their own accountants and are responsible for the own revenues and expenses.\n\nWriting up a loan allows the company leadership to accurat...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
4vsqcj
Where does this attempt to debunk general relativity fall down?
Purely for rage-inducing purposes, I was reading a website which claims to be able to debunk the widely-accepted mathematics-based contemporary science. It offers this attempt to disprove gravitational time dilation: "Let's first dispose of GR's 'principle' of gravitational time dilation. What if we test Einstein's '...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4vsqcj/where_does_this_attempt_to_debunk_general/
{ "a_id": [ "d612kka", "d6191o7", "d61bw00", "d61cpzc" ], "score": [ 18, 9, 5, 2 ], "text": [ "They don't actually give any reason why GR would fail, they just state (incorrectly) that it \"falls flat on its face\".\n\nThey don't seem to understand that time dilation concer...
[]
[ "http://www.youstupidrelativist.com/Eng.html" ]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
1wbojy
why do fast food joints bother with promo items when they could simply keep them on menu?
For example, every 4 months or so, Taco Bell comes up with some amazingly delicious burrito or crunch wrap only to take it down 2 weeks later. Why? Why would they deprive me of such deliciousness that I would have no problem buying every time I come in? If they had kept the Beefy Crunch Burrito on menu, I might've b...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1wbojy/eli5why_do_fast_food_joints_bother_with_promo/
{ "a_id": [ "cf0qxni" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Maybe they were just testing it out.\n\nIn some cases like the McRib, they buy pork when it is the cheapest and thats why its just a temporary thing." ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
1ei8hj
I'm born into slavery. What time period/civilization would give me the best quality of life?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ei8hj/im_born_into_slavery_what_time_periodcivilization/
{ "a_id": [ "ca0hywd" ], "score": [ 7 ], "text": [ "Slaves in the household of the Roman emperor were in many ways better off than poor Romans (like the *proletarii*). Some acted as magistrates, traveling on behalf of the emperor, and sometimes \"controlling\" (slaves couldn't legally own anyone o...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
bjpp8j
why is vomiting dangerous for your heart as opposed to, say, sprinting?
Is it the risk of electrolyte imbalance, or something else as well?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bjpp8j/eli5_why_is_vomiting_dangerous_for_your_heart_as/
{ "a_id": [ "ema61hb" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Vomiting isn’t necessarily “bad for your heart” per say. When you vomit, that leads to dehydration, reduction of acid so your body’s metabolic reactions might shift a little bit, or sometimes, though extremely uncommon and definitely an exception...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
61g1fz
why do waffle fries taste different than every other fry cut?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/61g1fz/eli5_why_do_waffle_fries_taste_different_than/
{ "a_id": [ "dfe75h4" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Many frozen waffle fries are lightly battered and seasoned with flavors like red pepper, onion powder and garlic powder. " ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
b22o93
what happens if you don't register with the selective service system?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/b22o93/eli5_what_happens_if_you_dont_register_with_the/
{ "a_id": [ "eipu6ak" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "From the Selective Service website: Failing to register or comply with the Military Selective Service Act is a felony punishable by a fine of up to $250,000 or a prison term of up to five years, or a combination of both. Also, a person who knowin...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
raiti
Can Global Climate Change add enough energy to the atmosphere to potentially allow the formation of a category 6 hurricane or an F6 tornado?
I know both scales are set to a certain point and anything above it is still ranked an F5 or category 5. But say if the scale continued like this picture using the old Fujita scale-- The new scale F5s top out at anything > 200mph. _URL_0_ Would it be possible these these monsters could become real? I know some ...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/raiti/can_global_climate_change_add_enough_energy_to/
{ "a_id": [ "c44et7j" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "There was widespread speculation that the super-tornado that struck central Oklahoma on 3 May, 1999 was an F-6, with winds exceeding 318 mph. This event triggered research at the National Weather Institute to form a new scale for mesuring tornado...
[]
[ "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Fujita_scale_technical.svg" ]
[ [] ]
d0mqom
why do cpus get so hot even though we put a small amount of voltage into them?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/d0mqom/eli5why_do_cpus_get_so_hot_even_though_we_put_a/
{ "a_id": [ "ezar9v1", "ezas3dp", "ezata6d" ], "score": [ 7, 6, 5 ], "text": [ "But we are putting a lot of current (amps) into them, and the current is what actually causes metal to heat up when electricity flows into it.\n\nThat's why long distance power lines run at such high vo...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
dyxsfk
what does mdma actually do and why must you take long breaks between use?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dyxsfk/eli5_what_does_mdma_actually_do_and_why_must_you/
{ "a_id": [ "f844rsv" ], "score": [ 10 ], "text": [ "Imagine your brain as having a series of interconnected sponges.\n\nEach sponge holds different chemicals which it releases in various situations.\n\nWell, our good friend Molly here wrings out your entire supply from the feel good sponge, and i...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
6oajj8
why does sand squeak when you walk on it?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6oajj8/eli5_why_does_sand_squeak_when_you_walk_on_it/
{ "a_id": [ "dkfuud6" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "I believe you are referring to the sound of the sand grains rubbing past each other. The vibration created from this friction vibrates the air and creates a frequency of vibration that your ears pick up as a sound. " ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
uiuop
What, if any, is the difference between dietary iron and hunks of iron you can find laying around?
I mean on a chemical level. Something I've wondered for a long time - if you took a small enough amount of industrial iron, ground it up, and mixed it with your food, would your body just absorb it and use it like any normal dietary iron?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/uiuop/what_if_any_is_the_difference_between_dietary/
{ "a_id": [ "c4vt663" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Foods that have had iron added to them are typically in the form of a soluble iron salt. A hunk of industrial-grade iron is presumably mostly iron with various oxides - AKA rust - at the surface/exposed regions, and iron oxides are insoluble to ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
4dq2vh
how do people with less than 10 subscribers get hundreds of thousands of views in just days? usually in animal, people fight compilations, or tv clips?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4dq2vh/eli5how_do_people_with_less_than_10_subscribers/
{ "a_id": [ "d1taq3y", "d1tau33" ], "score": [ 2, 4 ], "text": [ "Assuming you're talking about Youtube, Reddit is a great example. The only way that those videos really have to expand quickly is to be shared around through different websites.\n\n/r/videos is a great example of this (with ...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/motorcycles/duplicates/4dcfmk/road_rage_and_road_raging/" ] ]
1l2qdx
How far would the electricity spread if I threw a plugged-in toaster into the ocean?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1l2qdx/how_far_would_the_electricity_spread_if_i_threw_a/
{ "a_id": [ "cbvh1kk", "cbvhse1" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "This is pretty commonly asked about lightning, maybe that would answer your question.\n\n_URL_0_", "Electrical circuits need to be complete for current to flow. The reason electricity travels through the water is that at...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/r5ree/what_happens_when_lightning_strikes_in_the_ocean/" ], [] ]
4lfv63
Did the conception of Midgard in Norse Mythology include distant lands, such as hot deserts, populated by ethnicties very different from that of the Germanic people?
Or was that vision of the world more geographically constrained?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4lfv63/did_the_conception_of_midgard_in_norse_mythology/
{ "a_id": [ "d3nmzi8" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Short answer: If the particular pagan Scandinavians knew about distant lands (which they almost certainly did, considering the trade goods that have been found,) then sure, why not?\n\nLonger answer: Like with most things related to the cosmology...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
16xm0t
The European conceptions of 'vapors' and 'bad air' (e.g. malaria) carrying diseases is well-known and documented, but how did Islamic, Asian, and other cultures of the era (~1200-1700) portray or conceive of diseases and illnesses being carried?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/16xm0t/the_european_conceptions_of_vapors_and_bad_air_eg/
{ "a_id": [ "c80ag64", "c80e2s7", "c80e93z", "c80e9ab", "c80ecn1", "c80ecsa", "c80h9pg", "c80kdzv", "c80okm3", "c80q7mb", "c80wms4", "c80zizz" ], "score": [ 27, 57, 3, 27, 8, 18, 17, 3, 2, 2, 4, 3 ], "text": [ ...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charaka_Samhita", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sushruta_Samhita", "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25210175", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosha" ], [ "http://www.grouporigin.com/clients/qatarfoundation/chapter2_5.htm" ], [], [ "http://en.wikiped...
f3f5l9
how have small tribes ensured or maintained genetic diversity?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/f3f5l9/eli5_how_have_small_tribes_ensured_or_maintained/
{ "a_id": [ "fhid24w", "fhid6e0", "fhida1n", "fhids5a", "fhihw5d", "fhind1l" ], "score": [ 5, 6, 5, 20, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "They don't really. cousin marriage is traditional in lots of places. I don't think anyone really likes incest, it's not good, but the ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
2usk1z
Can somebody explain the reaction that happened here with Cu, NaCl, and White Vinegar?
I'm doing a little home experiment where I am trying to make a blue patina on copper with white vinegar, salt, and a thin piece of copper sheet metal. I put all of the into a plastic dish and let it sit for a few hours and when I came back it had formed little tree like things on the salt pile covering the metal. I was...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2usk1z/can_somebody_explain_the_reaction_that_happened/
{ "a_id": [ "coc1jn8" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Vinegar can be used to clean copper surfaces. The acidic protons (H^(+), sort of) from the vinegar react with the surface oxides and liberate copper ions in the process. This is a neat little chemistry experiment to share with your kids, but that...
[]
[ "http://imgur.com/trB73Fp" ]
[ [] ]
bphqsw
The big flood ... And why there are similar stories around the world
So it always bugged me why are there so many believes in a big flood occuring in so many different believes and stories. For example in the Bible, the Greek mythology, Aztec myths,... So let me hit you with my theory and dear Historian's please tell me your opinion about that. Fossils. I mean in basically every mount...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/bphqsw/the_big_flood_and_why_there_are_similar_stories/
{ "a_id": [ "entnrfh" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "I think you are right. In fact, that hypothesis you just gave: the notion that an indigenous person believed a world destroying flood deposited ancient fossils of sea-creatures in the mountains...that is the explanation given by Jesus Alvarado-Or...
[]
[ "http://www.wmnh.com/wmas0002.htm" ]
[ [ "http://www.academia.edu/22774500/Ancient_Fossil_Discoveries_and_Interpretations", "http://www.academia.edu/35517138/2017_The_Long_Tail_of_a_Whale._In_Sang-mog_Lee_dir._Whale_on_the_Rock._Ulsan_Ulsan_Petroglyph_Museum_pp._9-43", "https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/JuliendHuy", "https://www.forbes.co...
pmv4w
If sound cannot travel through space because there is no air, how do we see light and transmit radio waves in space?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/pmv4w/if_sound_cannot_travel_through_space_because/
{ "a_id": [ "c3qmo5o" ], "score": [ 13 ], "text": [ "Sound waves are mechanical waves; waves that need a medium on which they can travel. (think the ripple of water in a pond when you drop a pebble.) Light & Radio; however, do not require a medium, they can travel whether there is \"air\" or not...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
2mo4d3
Why did Margaret Thatcher think it was a good idea to introduce the poll tax?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2mo4d3/why_did_margaret_thatcher_think_it_was_a_good/
{ "a_id": [ "cm6bv0x", "cm6djyp" ], "score": [ 8, 28 ], "text": [ "It was conservative party policy. It had been for about 20 years. Thatcher brought it up in 1974 and it was a part of conservative rhetoric through the election of 1987. Basically Thatcher should have been fine implementing...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
5cid8a
parents of reddit. what is the purpose of "baby on board" stickers? is it to advise other drivers that you ability to drive is somehow impaired, or is it to request other drivers change their behavior somehow?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5cid8a/eli5_parents_of_reddit_what_is_the_purpose_of/
{ "a_id": [ "d9wpo1k", "d9ws8y0", "d9wsrze", "d9wuqjy", "d9wv71z" ], "score": [ 38, 19, 33, 4, 17 ], "text": [ "It's so first responders know to check the back seat in a bad accident that leaves you incapacitated or dead", "It's for new parents to annoyingly pro...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
14zk1x
how logarithm counting works
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/14zk1x/eli5_how_logarithm_counting_works/
{ "a_id": [ "c7hx6m7" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Video: [Logarithms, Explained](_URL_0_)" ] }
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzu2POfYv0Y" ] ]
29xmd0
How often would moons align in multiple-moon scenario?
I know there's a lot of questions here about what the Earth would be like if it had multiple moons but I've rooted through them and can't find anything that really touches on this... Let's say the Earth has three moons in orbits of various distances to the Earth and they are not in fixed positions to each other. Let's ...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/29xmd0/how_often_would_moons_align_in_multiplemoon/
{ "a_id": [ "ciq5746" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "The answer to all of your questions depends on the exact properties of the moons and their orbits, so it is impossible to answer without those specific properties specified.\n\nBut, we can take other planets as an example to explain what might ha...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Galilean_moon_Laplace_resonance_animation.gif" ] ]