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boihmf
How do astronauts safely clean the ISS? (crumbs, hair, dust, sneezes, grease, etc) Can these things become dangerous?
[deleted]
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/boihmf/how_do_astronauts_safely_clean_the_iss_crumbs/
{ "a_id": [ "enhfdj3", "enhiouf", "enht2c2" ], "score": [ 112, 14, 4 ], "text": [ "'Astronauts change their shirts, socks and underwear every two days, and their pants once a week. Because there's no washing machine available, their clothes become disposable -- they simply put thei...
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[]
[ [ "https://science.howstuffworks.com/astronauts-eat-in-space1.htm" ], [ "https://www.nasa.gov/mission\\_pages/station/research/news/MT1", "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/flowers", "https://space.stackexchange.com/questions/2143/where-should-i-look-in-iss-to-find-mouldy-...
48ogni
Is there a rate and depth at which bodies of water freeze that can be calculated based on temperature and duration?
For example, "a deep freshwater lake will freeze at one millimeter per hour for every degree below zero" or "saltwater will freeze to a depth of two meters after XX days of -20 degree weather."
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/48ogni/is_there_a_rate_and_depth_at_which_bodies_of/
{ "a_id": [ "d0lgd8e" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "The freshwater lake problem may be tractable in an approximate sense as a one-dimensional, two-phase Stefan problem. For suitably simple boundary conditions (e.g., constant temperature at the lake surface), the freezing depth is proportional to ...
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[ [] ]
4nkcmf
how did people in the days before daily showers and teeth brushing not have terrible acne, rotting teeth, infections, etc?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4nkcmf/eli5_how_did_people_in_the_days_before_daily/
{ "a_id": [ "d44n9qt", "d44n9xk", "d44nkwm", "d44qc6l", "d44vf9r", "d4520he" ], "score": [ 13, 6, 9, 3, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "First things first: showering *daily* is less healthy than you think it is. Unless you have a very active lifestyle (tons of physical a...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
2lnm8o
How do "ghost" stories provoke a fear response?
I don't believe ghost stories are 'real' in that I believe phenomena have a rational mechanism to explain them. For example, I have occasional [night terrors](_URL_0_) and while they're hideous to experience, they are perfectly explainable, so I'm not actually afraid of the Figure at the foot of the bed when I'm awake,...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2lnm8o/how_do_ghost_stories_provoke_a_fear_response/
{ "a_id": [ "clwqxmh" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "When you are listening to a story, you're not only listening to it. You're also visualizing it, and you're more likely to visualize the characters and actions that are especially salient to you (e.g., Meringoff, 1980). \n\nConsequently, if ghost...
[]
[ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_terror" ]
[ [] ]
20yn88
legally speaking, what's the difference in streaming a movie/tv show on a site like project free tv and downloading a torrent via a site like the pirate bay.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/20yn88/eli5_legally_speaking_whats_the_difference_in/
{ "a_id": [ "cg7yor2", "cg8jezq" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "You don't only download with a torrent. You are also uploading(distributing) at the same time.", "Actually, it's not illegal to watch a movie from a site like that.\n\nUnlike downloading copyrighted material that is not ...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
6cyn99
what is that horrible clear juice that comes out if you don't shake up a ketchup bottle, and why does shaking fix it?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6cyn99/eli5_what_is_that_horrible_clear_juice_that_comes/
{ "a_id": [ "dhydyrt", "dhye58t", "dhyrnyt" ], "score": [ 2, 17, 3 ], "text": [ "It's the watery part of the ingredients in the ketchup, tomatoes have a fairly high water content, and when it sits the water separates from the denser ingredients. Shaking it just causes the ingredien...
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[ [], [], [] ]
18ygbd
interest rate, apr, loans, credit, bankruptcy ,etc
How is interest rate calculated, what is APR the same thing? How should one repay debt (such as student loans) the most effective way, and why are some people always end up only paying interest even when they make large payments every month? how does bankruptcy work, and what's the repercussion of filing for one?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/18ygbd/eli5_interest_rate_apr_loans_credit_bankruptcy_etc/
{ "a_id": [ "c8j4ryi" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "APR is annual percentage rate, but it's not always the actual amount you pay, which is dependent on how often it's compounded.\n\nLet's say, for instance, if you have a credit card with 24% APR. You pay every month, so you're actually paying 2% i...
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[ [] ]
6300pi
Why do certain medications work for some patients but not others?
For example, medications such as ibuprofen seem to work for all people as long as the pain is not too severe. However, other medications, for example antiemetics, seem to require some trial and error to get the right medication for the patient. For the sake of attempted simplicity, I am not including psychiatric medica...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6300pi/why_do_certain_medications_work_for_some_patients/
{ "a_id": [ "dfqd1tj", "dfqepi6" ], "score": [ 3, 4 ], "text": [ "Many medications depend on the pathway of the disease. For example, diabetes insipidous (not the typical glucose diabetes) is characterized by excessive urination and thirst, which washes out lots of your ions and other impo...
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[ [], [] ]
8dhmvj
How is the journey a spacecraft takes planned (today)?
I saw the "illustration of TESS's months-long orbital manoeuvres post-launch" video at /r/space where-in TESS "[uses] the moon for an orbital inclination change" How are journeys like this planned? Say I wanted to send a craft/device pass by Pluto, while passing as many "things" (sorry, my vocabulary is missing a word...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/8dhmvj/how_is_the_journey_a_spacecraft_takes_planned/
{ "a_id": [ "dxod7jk" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "We know how gravity and motion and orbits work, so it's just a matter of plugging the numbers into a computer. Trajectories are planned using what's called [porkchop plots](_URL_0_). You input into the computer things like launch date, which plan...
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[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porkchop_plot" ] ]
1245sj
If muscle building is just the micro tears and repairs of muscle fibers, is it possible to do this with lasers or radiation to build muscles without working out? If so, why hasn't anyone invented a way to do this yet?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1245sj/if_muscle_building_is_just_the_micro_tears_and/
{ "a_id": [ "c6s0arx", "c6s3vsi" ], "score": [ 304, 9 ], "text": [ "Because muscle building isn't *just* micro tears and repairs of muscle fibers. Actually, it's not totally clear that those are directly correlated with muscle growth; some lifts, like the deadlift, the Olympic lifts, box s...
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[ [], [] ]
2tezjd
Does eating preservatives slow the rate at which our corpses decompose?
I heard this the other day, but I couldn't find any reliable sources that say one way or the other.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2tezjd/does_eating_preservatives_slow_the_rate_at_which/
{ "a_id": [ "cnygh3c", "cnygue3" ], "score": [ 5, 12 ], "text": [ "I find this to be an interesting question and I have heard the same rumor. Alas, an extensive search of [PubMed/PMC](_URL_0_) came up empty. There are a lot of urban legends and rumors out there and I will monitor this thre...
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[]
[ [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ], [] ]
1nlr0u
How much and what kind of help did the Soviet Union give to the CCP during the Chinese Civil War?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1nlr0u/how_much_and_what_kind_of_help_did_the_soviet/
{ "a_id": [ "ccjsjkb" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "The Soviet Union actually backed the nationalists pre-WW2. The Nationalists had greater control over China and its resources thus presenting a better chance of fighting the Japanese. Japan and Russia were competing for dominance in the far east s...
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[ [] ]
1ezzqo
How have the coastlines and rivers of Europe and the Mediterranean changed over the past 3,000 years?
The Netherlands seem to have merged and separated and flooded multiple times. Some maps showed lakes in Tunisia in Antiquity. The Sinai is thinner in maps depicting the Middle Ages and Antiquity. There seems to have been a bay near Cádiz in Antiquity. Floods played some part in the Anglo-Saxon migrations. And the Persi...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ezzqo/how_have_the_coastlines_and_rivers_of_europe_and/
{ "a_id": [ "ca5hafe", "ca5ifo1" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "The lake you are talking about in Tunisia is Lake Tritonis, named after the Greek god Triton, son of Poseidon and Amphitrite. Herodotus mentions this lake several times in Book IV of his *Histories*.", "* In the Netherl...
[]
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[ [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heroopolite_Gulf", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Flevo" ] ]
6aht2r
Why are camels the counter to horses in strategy games?
In many strategy games that I've either played or watched, specifically age of empires 2 and atilla : total war, camels get a bonus attack to other cavalry. Are camels normally considered to be natural counters to horses?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6aht2r/why_are_camels_the_counter_to_horses_in_strategy/
{ "a_id": [ "dhex4t0" ], "score": [ 33 ], "text": [ "There are potentially three questions here:\n\n1. Is there historical evidence that camels were good counters to horses?\n2. Were camels historically believed to be good counters to horses?\n3. What are the origins of the strategy game \"meme\" ...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.wrg.me.uk/WRG.net/History/wrg.html", "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/48cjcu/what_commonly_were_camels_used_as_mounts_in/", "http://classics.mit.edu/Herodotus/history.mb.txt", "https://armyhistory.org/the-u-s-armys-camel-corps-experiment/", "https://www.reddit.com/r...
87ed46
If I were to fill a cup with ice, and then water (all the way to the rim) to fill in the remaining space, would the water overflow once all the ice melted?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/87ed46/if_i_were_to_fill_a_cup_with_ice_and_then_water/
{ "a_id": [ "dwcfm1q" ], "score": [ 12 ], "text": [ "An object floating in some fluid will displace a volume of that fluid whose mass is equal to the mass of the object. In other words, a floating ice cube will displace enough water to support its weight. When the floating ice cube melts, it becom...
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[ [] ]
3bd5qt
why do dj's use macs over pcs?
Skillex uses macs for example
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3bd5qt/eli5_why_do_djs_use_macs_over_pcs/
{ "a_id": [ "csl2w0b" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "Music production (and other creative fields) was a market Apple targeted from the early days while Microsoft was more focused on business. \n\nMusic software for live performances requires low latency, that is from the time you press a button to ...
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[ [] ]
1meldt
If we were to reconstruct the Great Pyramid of Khufu now, how long would it take, and how do you think we would do it (materials etc)?
To me it seems absolutely amazing that people build the Pyramids. We build awesome stuff now, but with sweet awesome massive machines, back then they used MAN power which is nuts. Anyways I am curious how far have we come along in our ability to build MASSIVE things. ANd finally how much would it cost? As some constri...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1meldt/if_we_were_to_reconstruct_the_great_pyramid_of/
{ "a_id": [ "cc8grca", "cc8qz1m" ], "score": [ 5, 5 ], "text": [ "Hi folks! I know that there was a documentary on this, but I'd like it if we could not reference that and stick to more science-y sources, preferably from people with backgrounds in this area. \n\nCheers!", "I'm a Roboti...
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[]
[ [], [ "http://www.towercrane.com/K-10000_tower_cranes_23_00.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mil_Mi-10", "http://www.towercrane.com/tower_cranes_Detail_Select.htm" ] ]
2fw2sr
Were Habsburg Spain and Habsburg Austria ever a single political entity (as in, one was directly subject to the other), and were they ever meant or planned to be?
Or was the plan always for them to be simply strong and close allies in European affairs?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2fw2sr/were_habsburg_spain_and_habsburg_austria_ever_a/
{ "a_id": [ "ckdieky" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Only under the reign of [Charles V](_URL_0_) were these domains governed under a single executive head. It was not a single political entity; kingship (and by extension empire) in the early modern period tended to be what are called composite mon...
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[]
[ [ "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Empire-Roman-Emperor-Charles-V.jpg" ] ]
lz4ja
How big (volume) would Jupiter be if its density was the same as that as the Earth?
Just wondering how I could work this out.. Earth Mass - 5.9X10*24 kg Earth Volume - 1.08X10*12 km3 Earth Density - 5.5 g/cm3 Jupiter Mass - 1.8X10*27 kg Jupiter Volume - 1.4X10*15 km3 Jupiter Density - 1.3Xg/cm3
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/lz4ja/how_big_volume_would_jupiter_be_if_its_density/
{ "a_id": [ "c2wr5j3", "c2wr5j3" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "The density and volume of Jupiter is irrelevant. We only need to know it's mass. \n\n(Mass of Jupiter)/(Density of Earth) = Volume of Earth-density Jupiter\n\n1.8e27 kg / 5.5e12 kg/km^3 = 3.3e14 km^3\n", "The density a...
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[ [], [] ]
61wx6z
difference between single and triple phase power? also, what determines what kind of power is being ran to a location, is it some kind of transformer on the powerlines that leads to the house?
[deleted]
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/61wx6z/eli5_difference_between_single_and_triple_phase/
{ "a_id": [ "dfi7jrp" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "I'm going to be assuming a basic knowledge of AC power for this:\n\nSo in single phase AC your active wire is cycling from +240V to -240V and back at 50Hz (Depends where you live). This means that the circuit will be at 0V (turned off) for an ins...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/", "http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/AC/AC_10.html#xtocid35103", "http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/AC/AC_10.html#02181.png", "http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/AC/AC_10.html#02193.png" ] ]
eoajhc
why do certain train cars make scratching sounds on train tracks and other train cars don’t?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eoajhc/eli5_why_do_certain_train_cars_make_scratching/
{ "a_id": [ "feawk2p" ], "score": [ 7 ], "text": [ "If each pair of wheels on a train are attached to a single rigid axle and the train goes around the corner, one has to pass over more train track than the other which means one of them has to slide at some point (or an important moving part of th...
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[ [] ]
eqggvp
why do kids and teenahers find every sexual term or word, or anything to do with intercourse funny?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eqggvp/eli5_why_do_kids_and_teenahers_find_every_sexual/
{ "a_id": [ "ferke1t", "ferrc5c" ], "score": [ 17, 6 ], "text": [ "The leading question aside...\n\nPart of it has to do with something being a social “taboo,” what with the high social stigma involved with sex. It’s an awkward transition to make if we always tell children and teenagers th...
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[ [], [] ]
3to6oe
what happens when your body "rejects" an organ?
I'm trying to say what makes your body "reject" it, and why does it do that?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3to6oe/eli5_what_happens_when_your_body_rejects_an_organ/
{ "a_id": [ "cx7taqa", "cx7te9q" ], "score": [ 2, 8 ], "text": [ "Your immune system sees the organ, recognizes it as a foreign object, thinks it's an invader, and attacks it.", "Your immune system is designed to recognize things in your body that don't belong; foreign cells and substa...
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[ [], [] ]
arg9ag
what is the cause of the film on our teeth after drinking pop soda? after eating spinach?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/arg9ag/eli5_what_is_the_cause_of_the_film_on_our_teeth/
{ "a_id": [ "egmzre1" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Bacteria colonize the surface of your teeth and eat the remaining sugar that clings to the surface creating a biofilm called plaque. " ] }
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[ [] ]
tkbqo
what are some actually solutions to prison over-population in the united states?
Everyone knows that there are too many people in prison in the US and they always say that we need to fix this. But how? We can't very well just release all of the criminals. The only one that I've really heard is that we should legalize marijuana, which would actually take many people out of jail, but that's only a s...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/tkbqo/eli5_what_are_some_actually_solutions_to_prison/
{ "a_id": [ "c4nc70o" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "End stupid drug laws.\n\nNo prison for non-violent crimes.\n\nRehabilitation programs.\n\nNot treating cons like total irredeemable scum.\n\nEducation, education, education.\n\nEducation.\n\nOpportunity.\n\n" ] }
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1eihyl
why could we clone a sheep in 1996 but we still cannot clone a human?
Is ethics the only barrier?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1eihyl/eli5_why_could_we_clone_a_sheep_in_1996_but_we/
{ "a_id": [ "ca0jq5x", "ca0k7zh", "ca0kjow", "ca0ksi7", "ca0kuly", "ca0mbuf", "ca0me2j", "ca0mm4p", "ca0psg9", "ca0q2iq", "ca0wz96" ], "score": [ 22, 9, 4, 2, 8, 2, 3, 6, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "That'd be my first guess....
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[ [], [], [ "http://www.bioeticaweb.com/content/view/1267/765/lang,es/", "http://cnx.org/content/m14834/latest/" ], [], [ "http://www.nature.com/news/2008/080117/full/news.2007.350.html" ], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_(sheep)#Death" ], [ "http://www.ted.com/talks/juan_e...
95deju
why is sex seen as worse than violence?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/95deju/eli5why_is_sex_seen_as_worse_than_violence/
{ "a_id": [ "e3rtc9e", "e3rukc9" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Social conventions and parenting styles vary from region to region and person to person and do not need to conform to any form of logic or consistency. There are plenty of parents that would not allow their children to parta...
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[ [], [] ]
2gxusd
why is it not advised to keep the phone plugged in after it has been completely charged?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2gxusd/eli5_why_is_it_not_advised_to_keep_the_phone/
{ "a_id": [ "cknj2a2" ], "score": [ 20 ], "text": [ "Modern chargers stop charging the battery once it reaches 100%.\nAfter this the phone will bypass the battery and use the electricity from the wall socket directly. The charger can become hot if you use a lot of power (similarly as the phone wil...
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9wqq4m
why is it correct to say "an historic moment" instead of "a historic moment"?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9wqq4m/eli5_why_is_it_correct_to_say_an_historic_moment/
{ "a_id": [ "e9mj8wz", "e9mldap", "e9monr7", "e9mtd0y" ], "score": [ 12, 46, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Many scholars feel it is not correct. But if you have the sort of British accent where you don't pronounce the \"h\" then the word \"historic\" begins with a vowel sound — and su...
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[ [], [], [], [] ]
2auqv2
I'd like to know more about Native Americans - these questions are California specific
I had a brief introduction to cultural competency training for native americans in California. I have some questions that might all deserve their own stand-alone question in askhistorians, so feel free to pick which ones you'd like to answer: 1. Approximately how many groups were there pre-contact? How many are ther...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2auqv2/id_like_to_know_more_about_native_americans_these/
{ "a_id": [ "ciz1ljf", "ciz35ar", "ciz3dod", "cizbl6k", "cizd73b" ], "score": [ 8, 3, 3, 4, 3 ], "text": [ "I can't answer for the California region specific, as that's outside my own area of expertise. Hopefully someone more knowledge on that front will be along sh...
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[ [], [ "http://books.google.com/books?id=8LRqhzMkBBAC", "http://books.google.com/books?id=kgqegBKDclgC", "http://books.google.com/books?id=ij2o2nb_TQYC" ], [], [ "http://theautry.org/mt-washington" ], [] ]
270voy
What made Canadian and Australian Troops suited to being 'Shock Troops' in WWI?
Since British Imperial troops, primarily Canadians and Australians, became renowned for this role, what exactly made them so good for it? I find it hard to believe that simply being from those countries meant they had a better grasp of these tactics. Was it something to do with the training of these soldiers? After ...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/270voy/what_made_canadian_and_australian_troops_suited/
{ "a_id": [ "chwbo8n", "chwi2vr" ], "score": [ 116, 10 ], "text": [ "Physical and organisation differences are key. British troops tended to be drawn from the urban poor, who had grown up in the unhealthy conditions of the slums, and later employment was often found unhealthy factories, mi...
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[ [], [] ]
3a9u4q
what's going on with the reform votes in hong kong today? what are they?
I'm reading the news about Hong Kong from today and it's hard to follow, mainly because I don't know what the reform is aiming to do. So apparently, there were 5 votes for YES (mainly by liberals) on reform but 28 other voters walked out, meaning that reform is successful? This reform would allow TRUE democracy (aka un...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3a9u4q/eli5whats_going_on_with_the_reform_votes_in_hong/
{ "a_id": [ "csalro2" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "It's a bit more convoluted. HK, under the basic law (which is essentially its constitution, though it is not a sovereignty ), is to move towards universal suffrage in electing the chief executive and the assembly. The basic law originally dictate...
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[ [] ]
bwshem
Mikhail Gorbachev wrote in 2006 "The nuclear meltdown at Chernobyl... was perhaps the true cause of the collapse of the Soviet Union" - what role did the disaster have in the Soviet collapse?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/bwshem/mikhail_gorbachev_wrote_in_2006_the_nuclear/
{ "a_id": [ "eq0bm42", "eq1767u" ], "score": [ 84, 89 ], "text": [ "Do you have a source for this quote?", "Stephen Kotkin's Armageddon Averted covers the end of the Soviet Union really well; he suggests that it had a lot to do with economics. If the oil crisis hadn't happened in the l...
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[ [], [] ]
2agls1
what would happen to our body if we could increase gravity like in dbz?
What would happen if you work out in a machine that can increase gravity like in Dragonball Z? Goku trained from 10G to 100G and vegeta even at 500G as far as i can remember. Would you get strong as goku or vegeta? WIll this be possible in the near future?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2agls1/eli5what_would_happen_to_our_body_if_we_could/
{ "a_id": [ "ciuvo5t", "ciuwkp1", "civ3tl3", "civ4c7u", "civabqm" ], "score": [ 3, 4, 2, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "Yes you would get stronger, though there is an upper limit. Saiyans are physically tougher than humans, their bones and organs can take more punishment.\n\nB...
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[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
1yxwx6
How did the Native Americans attain such sophisticated societies without developing a writing system?
I suppose this also goes for almost all the pre-columbians civilizations of the Americas (Except for the Mayas) but the more I learn about how advanced these civilizations were the more I am fascinated how they accomplished so much without written language. I'm curious to any research/theories there are among historian...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1yxwx6/how_did_the_native_americans_attain_such/
{ "a_id": [ "cfowlp6", "cfoxhn7", "cfoz3qv" ], "score": [ 18, 7, 10 ], "text": [ "Much precontact art served as mnemonic devices, most notably [wampum belts](_URL_0_), in which the color (purple or white) of the shell beads, designs, and numbers of beads all had meanings, which spe...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.iroquoismuseum.org/ve11.html", "http://books.google.com/books?id=ghb4FHrC4oYC&lpg=PA164&ots=-efzPdpGy_&dq=Caddo%20turkey%20dance%20history&pg=PA164#v=onepage&q=Caddo%20turkey%20dance%20history&f=false" ], [], [] ]
30tjrg
Beginning undergraduate thesis/dissertation and really struggling. Anyone have any advice on choosing a topic?
I'm hoping that there will be dissertation/thesis veterans here who could give some solid advice here. I'm currently studying abroad in Canada before returning to do my dissertation in the first semester of my final year. However, I'm finding myself floundering when deciding on a topic. I've read into a few topics (Qu...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/30tjrg/beginning_undergraduate_thesisdissertation_and/
{ "a_id": [ "cpvo7y8", "cpvpgnp", "cpvru7h", "cpvsljt", "cpvzfo3", "cpw6iun" ], "score": [ 14, 9, 5, 2, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "If you know why you're going to find out in advance, you're doing it wrong. Your reading will take you to nuanced ideas, so just keep p...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
368wdi
why are pneumatic tires the standard? why hasn't there been a no flat replacement for cars and bicycles?
Umm.... what the title said.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/368wdi/eli5_why_are_pneumatic_tires_the_standard_why/
{ "a_id": [ "crbsp05", "crbtipw" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Pneumatic tires are good at absorbing severe bumps while providing a smooth ride and good traction.\n\nHowever, *run-flat* tires (which don't completely fail when the air pressure fails) are becoming a little more common.", ...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://i.imgur.com/hHXMZXy.jpg" ] ]
3lopz8
why does fox have paid programming and bull riding on instead of an nfl game? why can't they have two games on like cbs does?
I want to watch a game other than Tampa Bay v New Orleans
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3lopz8/eli5_why_does_fox_have_paid_programming_and_bull/
{ "a_id": [ "cv7yzu9" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "I answered a similar question last week:\n\nFOX, CBS, and the NFL have very prescribed ways that the NFL plays out on TV.\n\nThere are 3 day games shown in each area maximum. This allows one station to have exclusive access to a time slot to get ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
jnhpt
What is the impact of food born mold?
What is the impact of mold on surrounding foods? Normally I just remove the section of mold that may exist, and eat around it, but how does the mold travel and is there a "safe" distance that should be removed? On the other side what is the danger of ingesting mold?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jnhpt/what_is_the_impact_of_food_born_mold/
{ "a_id": [ "c2dkons", "c2dkons" ], "score": [ 5, 5 ], "text": [ "Bread mold is a form of fungus that can form a resistant spore. This spore is on the order of microns across and is easily carried on air currents. Even a very small mature bread mold can produce enormous numbers of spores. ...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
84eym6
the controversy surrounding the bell curve.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/84eym6/eli5_the_controversy_surrounding_the_bell_curve/
{ "a_id": [ "dvoz7le", "dvozcr3", "dvoziix", "dvozl1w", "dvp05cs", "dvp3k32" ], "score": [ 4, 7, 3, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "There's nothing wrong with the bell curve itself as a way to analyse data, however the issue is with the commonly posted graph showing w...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bell_Curve" ], [] ]
3c0nxr
In both Roman and post-Roman Britain, what was Hadrians Wall called by locals?
Fairly self explanatory, I was just wondering what people called the large wall built by the Romans at the time of its construction and after the wall fell to ruin during the Saxon, Viking and Norman invasions up until the modern era.
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3c0nxr/in_both_roman_and_postroman_britain_what_was/
{ "a_id": [ "csrhtas" ], "score": [ 10 ], "text": [ "The Romans called it \"vallum Aelium,\" or the wall of Hadrian. However, some scholars and writers in Late Antiquity often misattributed the wall to Septimus Servus, which left later scholars in Europe confused towards the actual emperor who com...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
9lv5ua
alcohol absorption time in the human body.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9lv5ua/eli5_alcohol_absorption_time_in_the_human_body/
{ "a_id": [ "e79op4d" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "It's basically one drink per hour. \n12oz beer\n8oz wine\n1.5oz liquor\nAll gone in one hour.\n\nYou can detect the presence of alcohol longer than this. But your only detecting the traces left behind by the alcohol. For example I knew a liver ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
3i1uo1
why do the fork, knife and spoon seem universal? where did they originate from?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3i1uo1/eli5_why_do_the_fork_knife_and_spoon_seem/
{ "a_id": [ "cucmjlv", "cucmkjf" ], "score": [ 6, 6 ], "text": [ "Using those utensils is far from universal.There are many places that don't use any of those to eat. Chopsticks are common in East Asia. Using bread is a popular way to eat in the Middle East. Hands are probably the most com...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://www.amazon.com/The-Evolution-Useful-Things-Artifacts-From/dp/0679740392" ] ]
19384d
how does a guitar effects pedal work?
I buddy and fellow redditor was building an [effects pedal](_URL_0_) from scratch. How do all of those little components come together to transform the clean input signal to the fuzzy, sweet sounding output signal?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/19384d/eli5_how_does_a_guitar_effects_pedal_work/
{ "a_id": [ "c8kfslu" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "It really depends on what kind of level of detail you want to go in.\n\nThe basic idea is that a signal goes from the guitar to the pedal, and the pedal processes it, which you probably know. The signal is carried through the wires as an oscillat...
[]
[ "http://tagboardeffects.blogspot.com/2011/02/zvex-woolly-mammoth-vero.html" ]
[ [ "http://i.imgur.com/CvaK2yi.png" ] ]
sz6lu
My computer speakers detect cellular phone signals. How is this possible?
Each time my phone receives or sends a call or text while it is in close proximity to my speakers, the speakers beep about nine times in two seconds. I can tell when my phone is about to ring because they make this sound almost two seconds beforehand, every time. I can even occasionally hear when another cellphone is i...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/sz6lu/my_computer_speakers_detect_cellular_phone/
{ "a_id": [ "c4i82i6", "c4i85z0", "c4i9coj" ], "score": [ 2, 34, 2 ], "text": [ "Sometimes the ambient electromagnetic signals cause tiny induced currents of electricity in the coils of wire in the speakers. This causes the metal that is surrounded by wire to vibrate, thus creating...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
7m2v2j
why does beer gets colder on my fridge thats at 5 celsius, than outside my house at -1 celsius?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7m2v2j/eli5_why_does_beer_gets_colder_on_my_fridge_thats/
{ "a_id": [ "drqx5qt" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "If it's in the sun, it could be receiving energy/heat that way. It will still give off heat to the surrounding air, but the balance of heat it receives/loses makes it warmer overall (or it cools more slowly).\n\nAnother option is the surroundings...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
hxhcu
Why is sea foam sometimes yellow?
Side-note: This often coincides with the rotten egg smell the ocean sometimes has.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hxhcu/why_is_sea_foam_sometimes_yellow/
{ "a_id": [ "c1z6x69" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Hydrophobic organic molecules (e.g some proteins) are concentrated by the large air/water surface boundary of sea foam. This is the principle behind a [protein skimmer](_URL_0_) or foam fractionator.\n" ] }
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_skimmer" ] ]
6iam38
How can you simulate randomness?
How can a computer or a person ever create true randomness? If you throw a dice its not completely random because its obviously affected by the force and angle of the throw etc. If you get a computer to generate a random number, doesn't it still have to follow some sort of process which if perfectly replicated would le...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6iam38/how_can_you_simulate_randomness/
{ "a_id": [ "dj4u0ei", "dj5k48b" ], "score": [ 9, 3 ], "text": [ "Well if you're talking about purely software, then you don't.\n\nYou can get acceptably \"random\" numbers by seeding with some relatively unpredictable input like the user's keyboard/mouse input, but there's a limit.\n\nSom...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RdRand" ], [] ]
43jar3
Which circumstances must be present to have a tidal locked planet/moon?
I just watched the newest video of ["In a Nutshell" about red dwarfs](_URL_2_) were they say, that planets which circle red dwarfs in an inhabitable distance would be too close to the star and therefore tidal locked, just like the moon is tidal locked to our earth. ([time-code to the point in the video](_URL_1_)) So, ...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/43jar3/which_circumstances_must_be_present_to_have_a/
{ "a_id": [ "czjdstk", "czipttv" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "So first: your picture of Himalia is actually a picture of Iapetus, a moon of Saturn (and is tidally locked).\n\nSecond, in the case of both Himalia and Phoebe, they both orbit quite a bit farther from the planet than the la...
[]
[ "http://www.paulandliz.org/cassini/hyperion_cassini_270811.jpg", "https://youtu.be/LS-VPyLaJFM?t=2m27s", "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LS-VPyLaJFM", "http://whillyard.com/science-pages/our-solar-system/upload-images/saturn-moon-iapetus-1.jpg" ]
[ [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_locking" ] ]
2urn4h
why are there so many (for lack of a better word) "opposite" prefixes? examples include un-important, in-fallible, ir-reparable, ab-normal.
Is it because they have slightly different meanings, or is it just because these words originate from different peoples and languages?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2urn4h/eli5_why_are_there_so_many_for_lack_of_a_better/
{ "a_id": [ "cob16m2" ], "score": [ 9 ], "text": [ "It's due to some obscure rules.\n\n\"in/im/il/ir\" are used with latin derived stems (like intolerable, impenetrable)\n\n\"un\" is used with words that have the suffix \"ed\" or \"able\" (unfounded, unable)\n\n\"de\" is usually used for a verb (l...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
1oezvx
Where did the ancient Egyptian people come from? And where did they go?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1oezvx/where_did_the_ancient_egyptian_people_come_from/
{ "a_id": [ "ccrd1iv" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "The commonly accepted theory is that during the [Neolithic subpluvial](_URL_0_) (wet phase) they were pastoralists in the Sahara, but once Sahara dried up starting in 3500 BC, they concentrated in the Nile valley and laid foundations to the Egypt...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Subpluvial" ] ]
18nhim
What type of career, or influence, was expected out of General Patton post-WWII?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/18nhim/what_type_of_career_or_influence_was_expected_out/
{ "a_id": [ "c8gf97g", "c8gfk7w", "c8ghsvi", "c8gi3hp", "c8gjydz" ], "score": [ 2, 2, 3, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Not sure what you mean. He was dead by the end of the war.", "Side question: when did he become so mythologized? Was he revered during the war? Was it onl...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
5qbl2v
why are creatures in deep ocean huge? shouldn't the pressures make them small?
Like whales and giant octopuses (octopi?), shouldn't the immense pressure of water make them small? why are they so big?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5qbl2v/eli5_why_are_creatures_in_deep_ocean_huge/
{ "a_id": [ "dcxw4pl", "dcxwqm6", "dcxxqc2" ], "score": [ 2, 3, 14 ], "text": [ "Water does not compress much. So even though there is significant pressure, it doesn't affect them very much. It affects us because we have air in our lungs, in our sinuses, and dissolved in our blood....
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-do-deep-diving-sea-cr/", "http://www.whalefacts.org/why-are-whales-so-big/" ], [] ]
534u2p
why does the usa send billions of dollars to other countries when it's public schools are broke, healthcare is hurting, and infrastructure is crumbling?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/534u2p/eli5_why_does_the_usa_send_billions_of_dollars_to/
{ "a_id": [ "d7pymum", "d7pyo58" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Because humanity is important as a whole. We might have crumbled roads, but some places have none. ", "It doesn't. The US spends less than 1% of the national budget on foreign aid.\n\n_URL_0_" ] }
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_foreign_aid" ] ]
qt9bu
why can't computer programs accurately predict how long a task will take?
Installation, defragmenting, the "microsoft minute"... It really seems to be of a crap shoot when timing tasks and I'm sure there's a good reason for it.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/qt9bu/eli5_why_cant_computer_programs_accurately/
{ "a_id": [ "c409x6b", "c40a53p", "c40bxj9" ], "score": [ 2, 6, 2 ], "text": [ "Because computers are rarely just doing one thing at a time, it can be very hard to predict exactly when you'll finish something. \n\nLet's say you're at work. You're working on some document. Then your...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
okpr3
Does heat or cold damage/destroy Vitamin C ?
Was told all my life that putting lemon juice in hot tea will destroy all the vitamin C in it.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/okpr3/does_heat_or_cold_damagedestroy_vitamin_c/
{ "a_id": [ "c3i12ez" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "[Heating will destroy some](_URL_6_) ascorbic acid, but not all. Also, it decays even at room temperature in just a few weeks, so fresh foods will always have more. But why do you need more vitamin C? Deficiency is very rare, [unless you are livi...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12804424", "http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-QuickFacts", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18677777", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20400494", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17636648", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18829561",...
7wai2b
why the market is dropping so rapidly? please
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7wai2b/eli5_why_the_market_is_dropping_so_rapidly_please/
{ "a_id": [ "dtyu5sn" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "r/news or a stock/investing focused sub" ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
64ea2n
how hard would it be to purposely forget your native language?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/64ea2n/eli5_how_hard_would_it_be_to_purposely_forget/
{ "a_id": [ "dg1fzav", "dg1gilh", "dg1gysx", "dg1nx14", "dg24cz2" ], "score": [ 4, 2, 48, 25, 6 ], "text": [ "If you're a kid who grows up in a country or family that uses a different language other that your native language, extremely easy. There is an entire gener...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
2b956d
What caused the Cambrian Explosion?
The Cambrian explosion was a period in geological history starting from 542 million years ago in which most classifications of life appeared. Is there any consensus in the scientific community as to what caused it?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2b956d/what_caused_the_cambrian_explosion/
{ "a_id": [ "cj31q70" ], "score": [ 13 ], "text": [ "It's what's called an adaptive radiation. These can be caused by mass extinctions that leave many niches vacant, or by drastic environmental changes that cause new niches to form. It can also happen, as in the case of the first land-dwelling cre...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
27ul9y
[Meta-ish] How should history be taught?
Or where do you know it is taught best, especially to younger demographics (teens and young adult)
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/27ul9y/metaish_how_should_history_be_taught/
{ "a_id": [ "ci4mg5l", "ci4mmhx", "ci4qsym", "ci4qt03" ], "score": [ 12, 2, 3, 12 ], "text": [ "One thing that isn't always taught very well is how to think _historically_, by which I mean reading sources carefully, thinking about what questions you can usefully ask of your...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9Ihs241zeg" ], [] ]
uw2fg
Is there more classical Latin literature or more classical Greek literature? [xpost/AskReddit]
Is there ? what happened to the burnt scrolls at Herculanum yes i know they were burnt .
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/uw2fg/is_there_more_classical_latin_literature_or_more/
{ "a_id": [ "c4z3b89", "c4z7xe6", "c4z8pxp" ], "score": [ 7, 2, 7 ], "text": [ "This is a really hard question to answer with any certainty. Large amounts of writings from that time frame were destroyed--the biggest single example being the Great Library of Alexandria. We only ha...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
urylw
Why is the brain incapable of anaerobic respiration?
It seems to me like that would be a huge survival advantage
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/urylw/why_is_the_brain_incapable_of_anaerobic/
{ "a_id": [ "c4y02tt" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "One possible reason - since multicellularity, none of our ancestors have been capable of anaerobic resipiration. Evolving such an ability this late in the game would be very unlikely. \n\n In addition, even if such a trait were to arise anaerobi...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
11ebwr
How important was alcohol important to South American cultures prior to Europe landing there?
I've attempted to do some cursory research on the subject, but the internet has failed me. Do any of you have some insight?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/11ebwr/how_important_was_alcohol_important_to_south/
{ "a_id": [ "c6ltcnp", "c6lxopu" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Great Q- looking forward to answers!\n\nThere are instances of alcohol use by animals, which seems to suggest that humans would have discovered it. People then were just as smart as we are today, probably more crafty than a...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0so5er4X3dc", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D5E5TjkDvU0", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pSm7BcQHWXk" ], [ "http://www.ancientworlds.net/aw/Article/751499" ] ]
1vilj0
Humans are getting taller and taller - will this stop eventually, or will we just keep growing?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1vilj0/humans_are_getting_taller_and_taller_will_this/
{ "a_id": [ "cesprid", "cet4br9" ], "score": [ 8, 6 ], "text": [ "We're getting taller due to cultural factors, not genes. Nutrition plays a huge role in this, such that our gene's expression will result in taller individuals when we eat healthier.\n\nCompare North Korea and South Korea fo...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=why-are-we-getting-taller" ], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square-cube_law" ] ]
16f3oj
what are soft/hard dollars
i need it for a project and i have no background info on finance. what does it mean to spend soft dollars. Particularly in respect to its use in Citizens United
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/16f3oj/what_are_softhard_dollars/
{ "a_id": [ "c7vgak7" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "The correct terms are \"soft money\" and \"hard money.\" \n\nTo understand soft money you have to first know what hard money is. Hard money is anything that is considered electioneering. The FEC decided that they will regulate contributions direc...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.howstuffworks.com/question498.htm" ] ]
5woy01
why does binary use 0 and 1 instead of 1 and 2?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5woy01/eli5_why_does_binary_use_0_and_1_instead_of_1_and/
{ "a_id": [ "debq91l", "debqqp7", "debqx61", "debxedu", "debyuj9" ], "score": [ 6, 9, 12, 3, 6 ], "text": [ "Really it uses \"off\" and \"on\", this is just represented as 0 and 1. Representing \"off\" as \"0\" makes a lot more sense than representing it as \"1\"."...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
5yo8gg
why western formal menswear is always white and black, with something tied around your neck?
I like classic mens fashion, so recently i started wondering about what visual effects lapels, ties, Black and white generate, how they work and how it became socially accepted.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5yo8gg/eli5_why_western_formal_menswear_is_always_white/
{ "a_id": [ "dernwoi", "ders9x1" ], "score": [ 10, 2 ], "text": [ "I only know about ties. They used to be functional. Weirdly, in the Croatian military during the 1600's, they used to tie the top of their military jackets together (instead of a top button) with a bit of cloth. King Lou...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
je4vc
how to pick a lock? info inside.
I know will people will ask me what kind of locks, and I'm asking about any type of locks, from common door locks to deadbolts to car door locks to padlocks. Anything. I need a very detailed answer. What do I need to do it? Can it be done with very common objects, and if so, with what and on what type locks? Where can ...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/je4vc/eli5how_to_pick_a_lock_info_inside/
{ "a_id": [ "c2bclyh", "c2beepe", "c2bclyh", "c2beepe" ], "score": [ 4, 2, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "I'm not sure you want this explained like you're five.", "Hit the Auto-Attempt button until you run out of lockpicks.\n\nNOTE: Works best if in possession of the Skeleton Key",...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
7jeucb
Who got what weapons in ww2?
I've been watching band of brothers again and noticed that the soldiers have a variety of different weapons. They all seem to have m1 Garands, Carbines or Tommy guns but who gets what weapon seems to be pretty random. The Tommy guns seem to be usually carried by officers while the rifles and Carbines are used by everyo...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7jeucb/who_got_what_weapons_in_ww2/
{ "a_id": [ "dr5xqqk", "dr7bqn6" ], "score": [ 68, 3 ], "text": [ "I've written about aspects of this issue before [here](_URL_0_), [here](_URL_1_), and [here](_URL_2_). I'll reproduce the most informative post down below and add some more information which I have uncovered since then.\n\n...
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[]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/68656e/why_did_some_us_infantry_in_ww2_have_thompsons_or/", "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7cd4jp/who_got_what_gear_in_ww2_us_army_european_theater/", "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7dxryc/how_much_rifle_ammunition_wa...
47qgnh
what is human?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/47qgnh/eli5_what_is_human/
{ "a_id": [ "d0ev4y1" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Are we human, or are we dancer? my signs are vital, my hands are cold" ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
ozdbm
tim and eric
A bunch of my friends find it hilarious, including those that I find to be intelligent and have a good sense of humor. I genuinely don't understand it. The best I can surmise is that the point is to force the viewer to say WTF and laugh at how little it makes sense? I honestly don't know. As an example, in their IA...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ozdbm/eli5_tim_and_eric/
{ "a_id": [ "c3l94kn", "c3lage3", "c3lahps", "c3lakl6", "c3lal36", "c3lb0fu", "c3lbm88", "c3lc2gm", "c3lc3ys", "c3lctor", "c3ld3tj", "c3leaw0", "c3lebqg", "c3ledh2", "c3lehmy", "c3les7x", "c3lfbui", "c3lojld" ], "score": [ 46, 11, ...
[]
[ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GwhZ8Y82xw4&feature=related" ]
[ [], [], [], [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/ozast/we_are_tim_and_eric_ausa/" ], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdism" ], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLwPXMedIaI", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8u4CEBVq7s", "http://www...
19oa3i
To whom was Henry Clay's American System a negative impact?
I had thought that the tariffs were affecting the southern farmers the most negatively and they didn't get many perks(not many roads), but apparently they didn't buy many foreign products(?) Was the American System negative to anybody at all? Thank you!
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/19oa3i/to_whom_was_henry_clays_american_system_a/
{ "a_id": [ "c8py49x" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "I'm going to keep this brief as some dirty yankee gave me a nasty cold. In short yes there were many people who would have been negatively impacted by the American system.\n\n1- Tariffs- A high protective tariff disadvantaged the poor and some sl...
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[ [] ]
w1wmp
How close would a supernova have to be to provide as much light as our sun.
Followups - How long would it last? Would anyone survive the experience? And are there other phenomenon that could provide a similar result without immediate death?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/w1wmp/how_close_would_a_supernova_have_to_be_to_provide/
{ "a_id": [ "c59igin", "c59kch1" ], "score": [ 13, 6 ], "text": [ "My estimation is closer than 67,000 AU (just over one lightyear, closer than the closest [non-Sun] star) away, based on the value of -19.3 maximal absolute magnitude, and then converting this to compare to solar luminositie...
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[]
[ [], [ "http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0612408", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sn2006gy_light_curve.jpg" ] ]
g4ipq
Can't the Japanese just drop some concrete on the reactor like it was done on Chernobyl?
The macho (and probably dumb solution): "Let's just drop a ****load of concrete on this baby and call it a day?"
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/g4ipq/cant_the_japanese_just_drop_some_concrete_on_the/
{ "a_id": [ "c1kujiy", "c1kumtp", "c1kw1tk" ], "score": [ 13, 11, 3 ], "text": [ "Well you know, concrete will melt too, and if they haven't sufficiently cooled the core down, it will just melt. Secondly, the core is still inside the primary containment. The Soviet RBMK reactors li...
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[ [], [], [] ]
9e3ysf
Will a car accelerate quicker driving with the rotation of the earth or slower going against the rotation of the earth or does it have no effect?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/9e3ysf/will_a_car_accelerate_quicker_driving_with_the/
{ "a_id": [ "e5mg0ci", "e5mg0yt", "e5mn2z5" ], "score": [ 10, 3, 6 ], "text": [ "No effect other than wind. You were already moving with the planet. A change in velocity takes the same amount of energy regardless of where you start, and we've defined moving at the same speed as the...
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[]
[ [], [], [] ]
6lzpdr
Why was there a 456 year gap between non-Italian Popes?
From the papacy of Adrian VI in 1522 to the election of John Paul II in 1978, every Pope was Italian. Was it a conscious decision for the Popes to be exclusively Italian? Are there any historical or political reasons this was the case?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6lzpdr/why_was_there_a_456_year_gap_between_nonitalian/
{ "a_id": [ "djyl6dw" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "Basically the reason is that the College of Cardinals used to be majority Italian throughout most of its history. That changed under Pius XII in an effort to modernize the church and bring it into the modern, international era. The Italians lost ...
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[ [] ]
c41zb4
how do digital cameras focus by me just holding down one button?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/c41zb4/eli5_how_do_digital_cameras_focus_by_me_just/
{ "a_id": [ "eruk8ww", "erulqev", "ervfdw2" ], "score": [ 16, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "They analyze the data coming from the sensor and adjust the focus until they get the clearest image.\n\nWhen you're out of focus, the level of similarity between pixels is high, as the image comes into...
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[]
[ [], [], [] ]
4j4s29
how are diamond-coated/tipped tools so much more cheaper than the diamonds you buy for jewelry?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4j4s29/eli5_how_are_diamondcoatedtipped_tools_so_much/
{ "a_id": [ "d33oo5w", "d33ool7", "d33oqjw", "d33rmfx" ], "score": [ 3, 4, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Those are machine-made, really impure diamonds. They are tiny (more like dust than anything else), don't really look like diamonds, and are really easy to mass produce. Jewelry-gra...
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[]
[ [], [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_tool#/media/File:Diamond_blade_very_macro.jpg" ], [] ]
1svhux
Where did the concept of monasteries come from?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1svhux/where_did_the_concept_of_monasteries_come_from/
{ "a_id": [ "ce1o5y6", "ce1qkys", "ce1xf31" ], "score": [ 5, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "Although various spiritual forms of lifestyle became prominent in different parts of the world independently from each other, the idea of Christian monastic life developed in large part from the inspira...
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[ [], [], [] ]
8qoa7q
why are zero-calorie sweeteners used mostly just for beverages rather than food?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8qoa7q/eli5_why_are_zerocalorie_sweeteners_used_mostly/
{ "a_id": [ "e0kqytu", "e0krcvx" ], "score": [ 29, 4 ], "text": [ "Zero calorie sweeteners are hundreds or thousands of times as sweet as sugar.\n\nIf you make something where sugar is part of the bulk ingredients, like chocolate chip cookies, suddenly you're missing the cup or two of suga...
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[ [], [] ]
4yppie
why we need to become unconscious in order to sleep?
I understand that we need sleep for our bodies to have time to recover and heal, but why do we need to be unconscious to do that? Why can't that process take place while relaxing or doing something the required very little brain activity?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4yppie/eli5_why_we_need_to_become_unconscious_in_order/
{ "a_id": [ "d6pjlmw", "d6qjxd9" ], "score": [ 16, 4 ], "text": [ "There are a few animals that are capable of remaining conscious while sleeping, such as dolphins. This is a phenomenon known as [unihemispheric sleep](_URL_1_), in which one half of the brain is sleeping at a given time.\n\...
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[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_callosotomy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unihemispheric_slow-wave_sleep" ], [] ]
1md7lm
why people care at all if humanity has to continue, or thrive, or even survive.
Why does every movie or show end up with the idea that we must save humanity? What would be so bad about us dying out?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1md7lm/eli5_why_people_care_at_all_if_humanity_has_to/
{ "a_id": [ "cc83008", "cc837jn", "cc84nwg", "cc852s6" ], "score": [ 3, 5, 2, 5 ], "text": [ "It usually involves the hero of the movie wanting to survive as well... And he usually has a family with him so he'd want them to live. Usually...", "Historically, it's because...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
64d89s
Are there any phenomena or patterns in the physical world which behave discontinuously (in a mathematical/topological sense)?
2nd-ary question: Is there a good reason from physics or philosophy which explains why continuity succeeds so well in describing real-world phenomena?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/64d89s/are_there_any_phenomena_or_patterns_in_the/
{ "a_id": [ "dg18qji", "dg18vl4", "dg19opc", "dg1cav5", "dg1k9hl", "dg1pl60" ], "score": [ 3, 12, 6, 2, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "I don't know the answer but it's probably impossible to tell, because you can't measure anything with infinite precision. If you have a...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_transition", "http://i.imgur.com/0JmKcXD.gif" ], [], [ "http://www.chem1.com/acad/webtext/atoms/atpt-images/atomic_line_spectra.png" ], [], [] ]
2hecv7
what makes god more more prominent than the greek gods?
I never really understood how God is more known in the world today. It dawned upon me whilst I re-read the books from the Percy Jackson series. Without trying to start an argument I'll say I'm [Agnostic](_URL_0_). So why do more people believe in God, why not the Greek gods instead? Is is because there are more evidenc...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2hecv7/eli5_what_makes_god_more_more_prominent_than_the/
{ "a_id": [ "ckrvz0i", "ckrw7nx", "ckrxd8f" ], "score": [ 6, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "His fan club 1) isn't extinct and 2) is way bigger than theirs ever was.", "The story goes that during the reign of Constantine, he had a vision that under a Christian symbol, he would be led to vic...
[]
[ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnosticism" ]
[ [], [], [] ]
279dpy
is it common to pick up accents to which you are exposed in as little time as an hour?
Me and a friend of mine both have frequent online interactions and notice that we typically come out of conversations (mostly with Irish people) with strong accents similar to those of the people which we were speaking to. This can take as little time as an hour and vary from an intonation on Os (from Canada) to full o...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/279dpy/eli5_is_it_common_to_pick_up_accents_to_which_you/
{ "a_id": [ "chyme9o", "chynbyx" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "It's very usual to pick up an accent when you travel to a new location, though it normally takes longer than an hour. You might speak using more local vocabulary rather quickly, but the actual accent will usually take a few ...
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[ [], [] ]
11mtjz
Huey P. Long - His Populist Platform
Hey guys! I'm listening to Hardcore History (specifically, Death Throes of the Republic III) and he mentions Huey Long as an intro to the populist reformers of the Roman Republic. Would anyone like to elaborate with respect to Long's populist policies? I'm going to do some of my own research, but I'd like to be pointe...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/11mtjz/huey_p_long_his_populist_platform/
{ "a_id": [ "c6ntdl3", "c6ntfdc", "c6nulh6", "c6nvmtz", "c6nvr61" ], "score": [ 2, 2, 3, 3, 5 ], "text": [ "BEvery man a king\" was one of his campaign songs, he favored extremely high taxes on the rich to finance public improvements, using his political platform an...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [ "http://www.amazon.com/Kingfish-Reign-Huey-P-Long/dp/0812973836" ], [], [] ]
62ej8y
why in sports when players get injured do they call the players "injury prone" if almost all injuries are random accidents?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/62ej8y/eli5_why_in_sports_when_players_get_injured_do/
{ "a_id": [ "dflv5z4" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "They aren't totally random accidents.\n\n* Players have a degree of control over how aggressive and risky they play ('smart' aggressive vs. 'stupid' aggressive)\n\n* Players have a lot of control over their strength, conditioning, flexibility and...
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[ [] ]
3abi8f
What happens when car brakes release their gained heat energy into the air and it dissipates, is that not destruction?
A car is driving fast and the brakes are applied to stop the car quickly. The energy from the momentum is transferred to the brake drum, heating it up. Then as the heat is released from the drum into the air, it dissipates. Is that not destruction of energy?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3abi8f/what_happens_when_car_brakes_release_their_gained/
{ "a_id": [ "csb5p2n" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Why would you consider that energy destroyed? The dissipated heat *is* energy, and it doesn't disappear. You can write an equation for the conservation of energy in this scenario and it will just tell you that, in the simplest case (car is not tu...
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[ [] ]
96fvii
how come presidential elections always end up around 50-50 and never 40-60 or larger difference?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/96fvii/eli5_how_come_presidential_elections_always_end/
{ "a_id": [ "e404cb2" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "In the USA, roughly 47% of people will vote Democrat and roughly 48% of people will vote Republican, regardless of the candidate. Most people will simply vote for whomever their political party has chosen to represent them. This is why Democrats ...
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[ [] ]
19c26g
Why is the average lifespan of captive Orcas so much shorter than in the wild?
Why is the average lifespan of captive Orcas so much shorter than in the wild? It seems most captive animals live longer than their wild counterparts, but this is not the case for Orcas. [According to Wikipedia, females in the wild live on average 50 years, maximum 80-90 and males average 30, maximum 50 or 60.](_URL_1...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/19c26g/why_is_the_average_lifespan_of_captive_orcas_so/
{ "a_id": [ "c8mp6li", "c8mptir" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "In addition to the general problems of keeping large marine species in captivity, which also plague [whale sharks](_URL_2_) and [great whites](_URL_0_), marine mammals are highly social. Orcas in particular are known for [hi...
[]
[ "http://www.jwildlifedis.org/content/15/1/99.full.pdf", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killer_Whale#Life_cycle", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_captive_orcas#Kandu_V", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captive_killer_whales#Disease_and_reduced_lifespan" ]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#Great_white_sharks_in_captivity", "http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/4/2/189.short", "http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/wildlife/9491380/South-Korean-aquarium-apologises-for-captive-whale-shark-death.html", "http://www.sciencemag.org/cont...
3exfol
How well did European naval officers eat?
I read about the Battle of Trafalgar that Nelson dined with his officers and captains to discuss his plans prior to the battle. For some reason, probably Nelson's high rank and haughty disposition, I instantly imagined an opulent meal complete with fine silver and flatware, wine, candles, and fine food. But is this at ...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3exfol/how_well_did_european_naval_officers_eat/
{ "a_id": [ "ctje7ab" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "There was a greater variety than hardtack and grog, namely salt beef and whatever else a commander/captain could get his hands on for his men. Nelson was particularly well known for both hosting well-supplied meals for his captains, and for acqu...
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[ [ "http://www.navyandmarine.org/ondeck/1776salthorse.htm", "http://www.britishfoodinamerica.com/Our-First-Nautical-Number/the-lyrical/Food-at-sea-in-the-age-of-fighting-sail/" ] ]
27mis2
Do asteroids ever enter and leave the solar system or do they allways stay in the same system?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/27mis2/do_asteroids_ever_enter_and_leave_the_solar/
{ "a_id": [ "ci2kefz" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Asteroids leaving is very unlikely, as these tend to be closer to the star and harder to eject. Possible, technically, but very unlikely. \n\nComets, however, are right on the edge of the solar system, so the slightest tug can fling them outward ...
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[ [] ]
b1xmkf
what the frick is the difference between method and character/classic acting?
Saw something about method actors and it annoyingly peaked my interest on what the difference is and it's driving me bonkers that I can't find a solid dumbed down explination on the differences.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/b1xmkf/eli5_what_the_frick_is_the_difference_between/
{ "a_id": [ "eioxoeg", "eioxv1d", "eip3myj" ], "score": [ 10, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Classic acting is getting into character when required, and doing what's needed to bring a character to life, but it has to be supported by a good script, or it falls down, because you're acting to the...
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[ [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c412hqucHKw" ], [], [] ]
1luwuo
[Currency] What have been the most common denominations of currency?
.01, .02, .05, .1, .2, .5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500? I am using Euro-denominations on the whim that to me there seems to be a convergence.
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1luwuo/currency_what_have_been_the_most_common/
{ "a_id": [ "cc30oje" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "In the UK, before decimalisation - which occurred on 15 february 1971 - 12 pence (pennies) made 1 shilling, and 20 shillings made a pound. So, there were 240 pence in a pound.\n\nPrior to this, an English silver penny weighed 12 grains of sterli...
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[ [] ]
1j1mt4
If you had a row of rotating gears a light-year long and you stopped the first one how would it take for the last gear to stop?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1j1mt4/if_you_had_a_row_of_rotating_gears_a_lightyear/
{ "a_id": [ "cba6kmv", "cba6mhg" ], "score": [ 3, 4 ], "text": [ "If by indestructible material, you mean one incapable of any sort of deformation, you run into the [same problem](_URL_0_) as \"a perfectly rigid rod\" thought experiments. Asking for possible outcomes with impossible materi...
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[ [ "http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=132532" ], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backlash_(engineering\\)" ] ]
8cwd4i
What's the evidence that violent or otherwise mature media has negative effects on young children?
The common public consensus at the moment is that sexual or violent media (like games or movies) have a negative developmental effect on young children, and they need to be protected from such media. But I'm not aware of any actual studies demonstrating this. Are there any, or is it just based on anecdotes?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/8cwd4i/whats_the_evidence_that_violent_or_otherwise/
{ "a_id": [ "dxj5ugh", "dxj7pb3" ], "score": [ 4, 3 ], "text": [ "There is not really any evidence that violent video games have a significant negative effect on behavior. It's a tired myth from the 1980s and 1990s that is periodically trotted out in the context of violent and highly-visib...
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[ [ "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875952117300113" ], [ "https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&qhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359178997000554=screen+time+young+children&btnG=", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S...
dukq7p
when you wear colored contacts how does it not filter your vision to that color?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dukq7p/eli5_when_you_wear_colored_contacts_how_does_it/
{ "a_id": [ "f76sv6m" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Colored lenses are generally going to be clear in the center so you don’t get the color distortion" ] }
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[ [] ]
4wrpws
what's the difference between treason and rebellion?
What makes a person a traitor? In the 1600s, Cromwell overthrew the king and became Lord Protector. He was seen as a hero? But then that government was overthrown for a monarchy. Which of these cases is rebellion and which is treason? Or are any of them treason/rebellion? I'm confused!
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4wrpws/eli5whats_the_difference_between_treason_and/
{ "a_id": [ "d69d4c7", "d69dj9g", "d69dnpu" ], "score": [ 4, 10, 2 ], "text": [ "Basically the difference is whether you are successful or not.\n\nI mean, there are treasonous acts that aren't done to overthrow a government, like selling nuclear secrets to china.\n\nBut in terms of...
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[ [], [], [] ]
13xlue
How long/many generations would it take for a goup of people, seperated entirely from the rest of the human population sexually, to become a different species?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/13xlue/how_longmany_generations_would_it_take_for_a_goup/
{ "a_id": [ "c7825f9", "c782dwp", "c782unf", "c7832ml", "c784d8k", "c7851mj", "c78668b", "c786bd7", "c786xbr" ], "score": [ 416, 38, 3, 9, 4, 2, 2, 3, 4 ], "text": [ "This would be really, really hard to predict with any degree of acc...
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[ [ "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v485/n7396/full/485033a.html" ], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species#Difficulty_of_defining_.22species.22_and_identifying_particular_species" ] ]
6leunc
how do rich people use donations as tax write-offs to save money? wouldn't it be more financially beneficial to just keep the money and have it taxed?
I always hear people say "he only made the donation so he could write it off their taxes"...but wouldn't you save more money by just keeping the money and allowing it to be taxed at 40% or whatever the rate is? Edit: ...I'm definitely more confused now than I was before I posted this. But I have learned a lot so than...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6leunc/eli5_how_do_rich_people_use_donations_as_tax/
{ "a_id": [ "djt90n3", "djt98o8", "djt9ckl", "djt9cn2", "djta9vr", "djtah77", "djtbaaq", "djtbbhz", "djtbjpd", "djtbpq7", "djtbzb5", "djtcqed", "djtf7wm", "djtfjlc", "djtfkrf", "djtfplg", "djtghg4", "djtgros", "djth84f", "djti4ik", "d...
[]
[ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XEL65gywwHQ" ]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2012/09/whats-really-going-on-with-mitt-romneys-102-million-ira/261500/" ], [ "https://www.clintonfoundation.org/contributors?category=%2410%2C000%2C001+to+%2425%2C000%2C000" ], [ "https://www.irs.gov...