q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3mt118 | why can we find skeletal remains of one ancient human specimen and be so sure that it's a new species (homo naledi)? what unique characteristics or features must a fossil or remain have that generates a new species? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3mt118/eli5_why_can_we_find_skeletal_remains_of_one/ | {
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"Well, in the case of Homo naledi, we did not find skeletal remains of one ancient human. We found the remains of at least fifteen individuals, which helps a lot.\n\nIt is really impossible to give a a guideline along the line of 'if X amount of n... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
a2v2n3 | the us yield curve just inverted - what does that mean? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a2v2n3/eli5_the_us_yield_curve_just_inverted_what_does/ | {
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"text": [
"The yield on a bond is the percentage return the investor gets for agreeing to lend money to someone, in this case the U.S. Treasury. In this context, it can be thought of the sweetener that convinces someone to fork over... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-12-03/u-s-yield-curve-just-inverted-that-s-huge"
]
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61equg | How do historians think about the portrayal of Mozart in Amadeus? | I'm a huge Classical music geek and I think that they did a good job on not presenting him in a classical way and more of an immature way. I understand it's historical fiction, like Salieri's character is completely different than real life, but I just want to focus on Mozart. | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/61equg/how_do_historians_think_about_the_portrayal_of/ | {
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"This is a tough question to answer in a way that meets the standards of AskHistorians, since it's not going to rely much on scholarship and will have to rely more on anecdotal evidence. But as a student in musicology, I can ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4gaxsq/how_accurate_is_the_movie_amadeus/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/40p9ra/just_watched_the_movie_amadeus_how_accurate_is_it/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1lgr2h/how_accurate_is_the_film_amadeus_1984_... | |
erpyb0 | in the us what determines whether a product is a prescription versus otc? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/erpyb0/eli5_in_the_us_what_determines_whether_a_product/ | {
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"Otc drugs are selected by the fda on the grounds of safety in a general population. \n\nThat means that they won't cause any harmful effect in most people, even if they don't have the condition the medication treats or cause any serious side effe... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3fk0gq | What was Poland's status as a country in 1877? | My mother just found my grandfather's birth certificate and wanted to figure out what was his citizenship. I've been having a hard time looking on the internet. Thank you. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3fk0gq/what_was_polands_status_as_a_country_in_1877/ | {
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"text": [
"During the tail end of the 18th century, the Commonwealth of Poland-Lithuania was ineffective and sickly, being a minor regional power compared to the more famous Prussia to it's West and the large Russia in the East. As a r... | [] | [] | [
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"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Deutsches_Reich_%281871-1918%29-de.svg"
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"http://www.jewishgen.org/InfoFiles/Poland/Q2.htm",
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"... | |
1jhqsi | During the construction of the Eisenhower Interstate Highway System, how were the routes decided? Are there any examples of politicians/businesses attempting to manipulate the route in their favor? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1jhqsi/during_the_construction_of_the_eisenhower/ | {
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"text": [
"Robert Caro's \"The P... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"http://goo.gl/maps/ZGsCw",
"http://www.flickr.com/photos/12633890@N07/2656385503/",
"http://www.bxmagazine.com/article.asp?ID=1141"
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"http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/environmental/archaeology-and-history/highways-to-the-sky",
"http://www.laputan.org/plop/glenwood-small.jpg"... | ||
3n28d6 | How did chemists first calculate bond angles? | Was it based off of the molecular structure? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3n28d6/how_did_chemists_first_calculate_bond_angles/ | {
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"text": [
"Bond angles were first measured by analyzing the infrared spectra of a molecule to determine at which frequency the bond vibrations resonate with the frequency absorbed by said IR light. With this information, you could ass... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4usfw4 | Why does Alcohol relieve pain? | Obviously "because it gets you drunk", but what specifically about ethanol gives it analgesic effects at the level of the the CNS/brain?
| askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4usfw4/why_does_alcohol_relieve_pain/ | {
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"text": [
"Alcohol is a depressant, meaning that it gives a sensation of relaxation while at the same time lowering the intensity of all sensations, pain included. I assume you are talking about when Alcohol is consumed and not when it is rubbed over a woun... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
awnlpq | what does it mean to be falsifiable? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/awnlpq/eli5_what_does_it_mean_to_be_falsifiable/ | {
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"text": [
"If something is falsifiable, that means that it can be proven to be incorrect. This is important in science when hypotheses are tested to see which are falsifiable and which are not. ",
"Falsifiable means it can be prove... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2vpcj1 | Why are there so many abandoned monasteries in England? Was it forced because Henry VIII switched from Catholicism to his own Anglicanism. | My history teacher was showing all these abandoned monasteries and I didn't get a chance to ask him about them. I am really curious about all of them. I thought maybe the churches would have just been recycled over. Google search didn't seem to come up with anything for me. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2vpcj1/why_are_there_so_many_abandoned_monasteries_in/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Henry VIII sold them off. Not all were abandoned; some are the basis of current stately homes. ",
"hi! you'll find some additional info here\n\n* [What did Henry VIII gain from destroying the monasteries](_URL_0_)\n\n* [... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2inv69/what_did_henry_viii_gain_from_destroying_the/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1v8r97/a_downton_abbey_question_was_it_common_for/"
]
] | |
34ub8z | why is hillary clinton not in ore trouble for using her private email address? as a fed gov employee, i would have been fired | ELI5 why is Hillary Clinton not in more trouble for using her private email address? As A Fed Gov employee, I would have been fired | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/34ub8z/eli5_why_is_hillary_clinton_not_in_ore_trouble/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Hillary Clinton cannot be fired from any position because she is not currently a government employee.\n\nThe way that politicians are typically \"fired\" is by not being reelected."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
715zv2 | why is yogurt usually considered good for you, while ice cream is almost considered bad for you? what makes them so different? | They're both dairy products which are usually loaded with sugar. what makes one good for you while the other is relegated to dessert only status? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/715zv2/eli5_why_is_yogurt_usually_considered_good_for/ | {
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"text": [
"Yogurt has bacteria that is purportedly good for you, combined with the fact that it generally has less sugar and fat, makes it a healthier option. The probiotic part is debatable... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
5iq50l | What were the demographics of the 1264 Mongol Empire? How many citizens identified as Mongol? | Reading about the Mongol Empires ability to field and deploy vast armies going in all directions begs the question of how many people actually lived in the Empire to be able to field such armies, and how many of these were people that identified as Mongol.
Bonus: Were the Mongol armies consist primarily of Mongols or... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5iq50l/what_were_the_demographics_of_the_1264_mongol/ | {
"a_id": [
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],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"This is only applicable for China. \n\nThe Mongols in China were notorious for their poor record-keeping, so the *Yuanshi* does not state the population of 1264. In 1235, Northern China had 873,781 households with a population of 4,754,975. In 12... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
18ryy8 | Why do roads wear out when concrete is harder than rubber? | ? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/18ryy8/why_do_roads_wear_out_when_concrete_is_harder/ | {
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"text": [
"Let's not forget strain fatigue from vehicle loads...\n\n\n\n",
"Simply put, the asphalt is also more rigid than the underlying roadbed. If that shifts from weather, (heavy rain, freezing, floods, w... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
853i75 | why do p-waves travel faster than s-waves? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/853i75/eli5_why_do_pwaves_travel_faster_than_swaves/ | {
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"text": [
"By definition arguably. P stands for primary, S for secondary.\n\nBeyond that, it's because the shear modulus is lower than the bulk modulus. Transmitting force between two particles is easier if the particles move towards each other rather than ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3oznp7 | What is the earliest record or reference to music that we know of? Is there some sort of consensus of when humans picked up music? Did Neanderthals or other close relatives of humans have music? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3oznp7/what_is_the_earliest_record_or_reference_to_music/ | {
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"text": [
"Hi, questions about early humans are worth x-posting to our sister sub /r/AskAnthropology. I recall having seen a few questions on music there, so take a look ",
"This really falls into the realm of... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.academia.edu/11284403/D%C3%ADaz-Andreu_M._and_C._Garc%C3%ADa_Benito._2015._Acoustic_rock_art_landscapes_a_comparison_between_the_acoustics_of_three_Levantine_rock_art_areas_in_Mediterranean_Spain._Rock_Art_Research_32_46-62"
]
] | ||
660hg4 | What did humanity gain from Unit 731/MKUltra/Nazi experiments? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/660hg4/what_did_humanity_gain_from_unit_731mkultranazi/ | {
"a_id": [
"dgenwt0"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"[This post from last year by /u/commiespaceinvader](_URL_0_) goes into excellent detail about the little that humanity gained from Nazi science experiments. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4ta839/why_is_there_a_common_belief_that_a_lot_of/"
]
] | |
fqoz7u | walking on sand dunes | I never noticed in movies how people walked along the ridge/peak of the dune until I visited the great sand dunes in Colorado. Trying to get up the slope of the dunes I was sinking in almost thigh high, but once I got to the top it was sturdy. Why is it that the ridge of the dune can support weight but the slopes canno... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fqoz7u/eli5_walking_on_sand_dunes/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Loose, particulate matter made of small hard objects [materials like sand, gravel, etc] will be able to hold your weight decently well if you just try to compress it directly down - it will disperse a little bit as you apply weight, but eventuall... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Simple_shear_in_2D.svg/1200px-Simple_shear_in_2D.svg.png"
]
] | |
k35yq | the story of the half-life series. | I have not played any of the old games. I've played a good portion of Half-Life 2 and the Episodes and I have played plenty of Portal. I still barely understand the plot to any of it at all. Could someone please explain the story behind Gordan Freeman, Black Mesa and Aperture Science? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/k35yq/eli5_the_story_of_the_halflife_series/ | {
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"text": [
"Gordan Freeman is a physicist at Black Mesa, a company involved in portal research and development.\n\nOne day, he's involved in an ex... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://half-life.wikia.com/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Half-Life_universe"
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"http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/jl1yd/eli5_the_story_of_halflife/"
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"http://half-life.wikia.com/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Half-Life_universe"
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[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/explainli... | |
1po7nf | Why was Stalin chosen over Trotsky despite Lenin's explicit warning not to do so? What was the underlying reasoning for that decision? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1po7nf/why_was_stalin_chosen_over_trotsky_despite_lenins/ | {
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"text": [
"_URL_0_\n\nHope that helps, there's other similar posts if you search but that's the top one."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1f0r9q/trotsky_v_stalin_how_and_why_did_stalin_win/"
]
] | ||
1a2bbt | What is the relationship between heat and energy? | Are they the same? How are they related? Somebody enlighten me. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1a2bbt/what_is_the_relationship_between_heat_and_energy/ | {
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"text": [
"Heat generally refers to a mechanism of transferring energy from one thing to another that is distinct from work. If something changes in temperature without changing in volume, there has been heat transfer.",
"In thermo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(thermodynamics\\)"
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26vvtv | Why is fructose and not glucose the energy source for sperm? | As I was repeatedly told glucose is good for most stuff in my body and *usually* this leads to fructose being transformed to sad glucose, I wonder why my sperm needs it the other way round.
Thanks in advance. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/26vvtv/why_is_fructose_and_not_glucose_the_energy_source/ | {
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"_URL_0_\n\n\"Seminal fluid contains up to 11 mmol/L (200 mg/dl) of free fructose. It is the major energy source for the sperm cells in their all-important race for the ovum. The advantage of fructose over glucose may be th... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.inkling.com/read/principles-of-medical-biochemistry-meisenberg-simmons-3rd/chapter-22/fructose-is-the-principal-sugar"
],
[]
] | |
41mitm | How accurate was the depiction of Sixth Century Britain throughout the novel "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court"? | (Spoilers to a book from 100+ years ago I guess) Obviously the book is fiction written in the late 19th century, but the beginning of the book when Hank Morgan is transported back to the six century he experiences the extreme punishment for petty crimes and very stringent class divides with an oppressive system of chur... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/41mitm/how_accurate_was_the_depiction_of_sixth_century/ | {
"a_id": [
"cz3n9rc"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Not very, but it's not really supposed to be. \nThe book is a criticism of romanticist views of Chivalry and the high middle ages, not 6th century post-Roman Britain, when it's actually set. It uses Arthur, Camelot, Merlin, etc, as the setting, ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1wojy9 | how do chairlifts remain at a quick pace, while simultaneously slowing down to pick/drop off skiers & snowboarders? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1wojy9/eli5_how_do_chairlifts_remain_at_a_quick_pace/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"They detach from the main cable and go onto a slower-moving one at the top and bottom of the hill."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1ziffk | how come computers can complete an action so much faster than us, but even super computers take several minutes to simulate one second of human brain activity? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ziffk/eli5_how_come_computers_can_complete_an_action_so/ | {
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"text": [
"It depends on the action. Well structured, clearly defined tasks are quite easy for computers to do quickly, while human brains can do much more complex, fuzzy pattern matching q... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
76joa1 | why does the sun shine ? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/76joa1/eli5_why_does_the_sun_shine/ | {
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"text": [
"Light, heat, and other forms of radiation are by-products of the nuclear reaction occurring inside the sun.",
"The sun is so massive that the force of gravity on the inside is strong enough to start nuclear fusion. It'... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2tcw54 | why would oil falling below $30 a barrel cause a world wide recession? | I read a post on the msn homepage that said this. Why wouldn't cheaper gas be a good thing for everyone?
Link Here: _URL_0_ | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2tcw54/eli5_why_would_oil_falling_below_30_a_barrel/ | {
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"text": [
"It won't. It will cause a recession in the oil industry, and a recession in those nations that that industry is a major part of the GDP (like Russia) but not a global one. It will also not cause a reces... | [] | [
"http://www.msn.com/en-us/money/economy/if-oil-drops-below-dollar30-a-barrel-brace-for-a-global-recession/ar-AA8tW0j"
] | [
[],
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69yhi9 | why parties in the us can redraw district borders? | Hi, I resently came acros the term "Gerrymandering", since I'm not a US citizen and English is not my language I decided to google it up.
& nbsp;
I now understand the concept, but a doubt remains.....Gerrymandering is only possible because parties (? not sure) can redraw the district borders, why do they have such a... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/69yhi9/eli5_why_parties_in_the_us_can_redraw_district/ | {
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"The power to redraw the districts isn't inherently given to the party, it's given to the legislature. Then one party or another gets enough of a majority of legislators to vote on a district redrawing ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
cj3j5q | how did we initially measure the distance to other planets precisely enough to send probes to them? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/cj3j5q/eli5_how_did_we_initially_measure_the_distance_to/ | {
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"text": [
"We can estimate their distance through parallax (measuring the angle between them and the sun, and using geometry to find their positions). We can also measure the time they take to orbit, and use this ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit#History"
]
] | ||
96cjod | How does the rotation of a high speed gatling gun ( > 2000 rounds per minute) affect its accuracy? | E.g. a [GAU-12 Equalizer](_URL_0_) | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/96cjod/how_does_the_rotation_of_a_high_speed_gatling_gun/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Great question, I'm sure the engineers have thought about this when designing more accurate gatling guns.\n\nThis is a good question to use some geometry and physics to figure out how much a bullet woul... | [] | [
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAU-12_Equalizer"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
124hb9 | Why does the visible spectrum seem to start and end at the same color? | Sorry if that was an unclear question. [This image](_URL_0_) will be helpful. The spectrum seems to fade into itself. Why is this the case???
I do understand the analogy to music. If one pitch is twice the frequency of another, it will be the same note, one octave higher. In the case of color perception, we only perce... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/124hb9/why_does_the_visible_spectrum_seem_to_start_and/ | {
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"text": [
"That image is simply wrong. The spectrum ends on violet going into ultraviolet, [there are plenty of more accurate images](_URL_0_) out there. It doesn't repeat itself.\n\n",
... | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/b6aS7.png",
"http://www.psdgraphics.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/color-spectrum.jpg"
] | [
[
"https://www.google.com/search?num=10&hl=en&q=visible%20spectrum&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi"
],
[],
[
"http://www.gamonline.com/catalog/colortheory/visible.php"
],
[]
] | |
7easxj | How did Russia not know about North America before Columbus when you can see Alaska from the Eastern-most part of Russia? | Granted, they may not have figured it was a whole continent right off the bat. But someone must have gone there for untapped lumber and other resources.
Didn't they ever sail southward to see how far that "Island" went? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7easxj/how_did_russia_not_know_about_north_america/ | {
"a_id": [
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135,
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"text": [
"Well, the Grand Duchy of Moscow (aka Muscovy)- which is the name of Russia ca. 1492- had not really expanded to the Pacific. This [map](_URL_1_) shows that the furthest extent of Moscow's in the l... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Russia_1533-1896.gif",
"https://faculty.unlv.edu/pwerth/Russia-Expansion-Asia.jpg"
],
[],
[]
] | |
128yht | h.p lovecraft fanaticism and cult following | I understand he was a literary genius of great talent, but what exactly makes him so incredibly different than the other brilliant authors of our time? His following is so unique and has such a presence online that I can't understand it.
* Who is he?
* What makes him special?
* What from him would I be most familiar... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/128yht/eli5_hp_lovecraft_fanaticism_and_cult_following/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6t8fs2",
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"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"For the last question, Cthulhu is his, and his influence can be seen in, for example, the Ood in Dr Who.",
"* An author who wrote pretty much only short stories set in New England and involving horror and mystery element... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
32nr1k | how did the chinese know to use potassium in gunpowder? and how did they know what it was/where to get it? | So all I can find is that it came from manure, but how did they extract the potassium from the manure? Was it trial and error or did they somehow know that potassium would work and know where to find it? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/32nr1k/eli5how_did_the_chinese_know_to_use_potassium_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqcxqes",
"cqd02nf"
],
"score": [
10,
3
],
"text": [
"The potassium is actually from saltpeter. Saltpeter occurs naturally as an encrustation on rock. The ingredient is actually saltpeter and not potassium. \n\nThe Chinese knew that mixing saltpeter and other ingredients creat... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2xdx77 | When we smell something constantly, our brain begins to ignore it. Does this happen to any of our other senses? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2xdx77/when_we_smell_something_constantly_our_brain/ | {
"a_id": [
"cp064vo"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Since nobody has yet answered anything, I'll take a stab at it.\nEdit: Reddit says this thread has three comments, but it shows me only my own. If this has already been answered thoroughly, sorry.\n\nThe short answer is yes, it does. You can obse... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3tnaev | we have seen that honda robot tentatively tiptoeing around for the last decade, why can't we build a robot that can walk in an anatomically correct way? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3tnaev/eli5_we_have_seen_that_honda_robot_tentatively/ | {
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"score": [
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20,
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"text": [
"I guess what I am asking is how many years are we away from Blade Runner or Terminator?",
"There are some b... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwrjAa1SgjQ"
],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
21pq2b | After the Roman empire acquired Greece and "took inspiration" from their religious entities, in what capacity could the Greeks worship their gods? | I understand the Romans were inspired by the Greek gods, altering names and styles to fit the roman way of worship. I also understand they made illegal certain forms of worship inside their empire. I'm having a hard time finding information about what happened in the Greek temples after that! Was worship of Zeus sti... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/21pq2b/after_the_roman_empire_acquired_greece_and_took/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgfizo9",
"cgfspaj"
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"score": [
4,
4
],
"text": [
"So you've been waiting for five hours and nobody more qualified responded so I'll give it a shot. The Roman Pantheon existed long before the conquest of Greece. The Greeks had colonies all around the Mediterranean includi... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_deities"
],
[]
] | |
1y2btq | Were there any famous/important Americans against the idea of Manifest Destiny in the 1800s? | Did they gain any support? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1y2btq/were_there_any_famousimportant_americans_against/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfgzjjn"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"Well first the obvious example is that the Native peoples of the Americas were generally opposed to the notion of the expansion of the United States (conceived as Protestant and Anglo-Saxon expansion at the time). After all expansion of the Unit... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
ikrpu | Dear Physicists; where on a snakes body, and what type of wings would it have/need to be able to fly? | I want my fantasy art to be realistic ya know.
Thanks if you an give me some heads up on this one. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ikrpu/dear_physicists_where_on_a_snakes_body_and_what/ | {
"a_id": [
"c24jbay"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Snakes don't have the skeletal or muscle structure to support wings so it would be much like asking what kind of legs a rock would need to walk to the store.\n\nOn the other hand, the Chrysopelea is a [genus of snake](_URL_0_) that has a very un... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysopelea"
]
] | |
2rnsof | How much information about Emperor Claudius is out there? | I'm considering doing my Leaving Cert essay for history on Claudius and I was just wondering if there was enough reliable information out there to write a full essay on. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2rnsof/how_much_information_about_emperor_claudius_is/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnhvkvm"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Not many, but enough to write something about. There is a little in Tacitus' Annals, and more in Cassius Dio and Suetonius. Other than that, slim pickings including some letters and inscriptions."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3vgy44 | how does a baby survive on just formula and fluids for 6-12 months? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3vgy44/eli5_how_does_a_baby_survive_on_just_formula_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxnfzmg",
"cxngci2"
],
"score": [
4,
3
],
"text": [
"The texture of your food is not particularly important at any point in your life. While we make good use of fiber later on, even this would not be all that important to liquid diet. Breast milk has pretty much exactly what... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
ad7ll2 | what determines the maximum speed of my muscle movements? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ad7ll2/eli5_what_determines_the_maximum_speed_of_my/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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25,
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4,
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"text": [
"Mass would have something to do with it. The force to weight ratio of your finger is far better suited to quick... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.verywellfit.com/fast-and-slow-twitch-muscle-fibers-3120094"
],
[],
[]
] | ||
2t8cr6 | Why do black holes create an accretion disk? | I get what black holes are, but when they pull in surrounding matter, why is it disk shaped? Can the accretion be spherical or asymmetrical? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2t8cr6/why_do_black_holes_create_an_accretion_disk/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnxcud7"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Accretion disks form when stuff with angular momentum tries to fall into the black hole (measured about the center of the hole, i.e. anything that is not travelling directly into the singularity). Due to conservation of angular momentum, the mat... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://hyperbolicfunnel.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/mix-Funnel.png"
]
] | |
1hvknc | When did the average person in Europe realize that World War I was starting? | I'm mostly curious whether this was a slow, sliding, somewhat obvious thing, or whether a businessman in Germany would just wake up one day and be shocked by a large headline in his morning newspaper. Reading through the history of the events leading up to the war, it's not really clear how much of this was widely know... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1hvknc/when_did_the_average_person_in_europe_realize/ | {
"a_id": [
"cayijrl"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Vast majority of the civil population in countries of Europe knew about the escalating of tensions and the outbreak of war. In fact, they were celebrating the outbreak. London, Berlin, Wien and Budapest were filled with celebrating masses. I real... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
273z01 | why should i apply faraday's law but not kirchhoff's first rule when analysing an lr circuit? | I am in the process of watching Professor Walter Lewin's MIT lectures on Electricity and Magnetism.
In [Lecture 20](_URL_0_), during the first fifteen minutes, Prof. Lewin criticized many textbook authors for misapplying Kirchhoff's rule when analyzing LR circuits, and clarified that Faraday's Law should be used inst... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/273z01/eli5_why_should_i_apply_faradays_law_but_not/ | {
"a_id": [
"chx6bld",
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"text": [
"The reason he states to apply Faraday's Law first, which I think is quite correct, is that the Emf across any circuit is going to be affected by self-inductance right out of the gate.\n\nHe says pretty early on why this work... | [] | [
"http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2002/video-lectures/lecture-20-inductance-and-rl-circuit/"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2cxopr | why do gunshots in older movies sound different than the ones in more modern movies? | In this fantastic [scene](_URL_1_) from *The Longest Day* (1962) recreating the assault on Ouistreham, the sounds effects, especially at around 1:15 - 1:30 and 2:15 - 2:30 include this distinct high-pitched whining that is familiar to anyone who's watched older war movies and westerns.
Compare this to the attack on Ca... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2cxopr/eli5_why_do_gunshots_in_older_movies_sound/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjk22bh",
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"score": [
2,
5
],
"text": [
"The methods used back then were to use blanks (or sometimes real bullets) along with other sounds like a hammer on steel or concrete for the sound effects. These were picked up differently on older microphones and tended to ... | [] | [
"http://youtu.be/7po52DQytEs",
"http://youtu.be/3eZMkleDjWI"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
9z6jrg | when building tolerance to a substance, does your body get more efficient at removing it (reducing its affect) or do you subconsciously get better at managing the affects? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9z6jrg/eli5_when_building_tolerance_to_a_substance_does/ | {
"a_id": [
"ea6p35o",
"ea6t2x4"
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"score": [
9,
12
],
"text": [
"Enzymes are used to metabolize various chemicals in your body, from foods to poisons like nicotine, caffein, and alcohol.\n\nThe more you introduce these things to your system, the more enzymes your body produces to process... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
5har1v | why haven't concert venues raised the prices of tickets to the match what scalpers charge, since people are clearly willing to pay that much? | Even if they charged what scalpers sell them for minus the ridiculous Stubhub/Ticketmaster fees they would make a killing and pretty much eliminate the resell market by making it unprofitable.
Wouldn't it make sense for the venues to charge the most that people are willing to pay for their product? It doesn't match wh... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5har1v/eli5_why_havent_concert_venues_raised_the_prices/ | {
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2,
2,
6,
2,
2
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"text": [
"1) Scalpers are normally illegal. That is what allows them to charge insane prices. \n\n2) Most people are not willing to pay those pric... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
66vomz | Most people see Cleopatra as an Egyptian, but she was actually Greek. What is her real story and how did we come to the legends about her? | Did she wear Greek robes or have the famous cat eye makeup? Did she live in an era with pyramids? Did her relationship help bring peace between two kingdoms? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/66vomz/most_people_see_cleopatra_as_an_egyptian_but_she/ | {
"a_id": [
"dgmdis7"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"This is actually a more complicated question than you might imagine, and to better tackle it I am going to break it up into pieces. Also, please forgive my laziness but I am going to plug an [older answer of mine](_URL_4_) that outlines many as... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Statues_of_Cleopatra_VII#/media/File:CleopatraVII7a.jpg",
"http://snible.org/coins/bmc/ptolemies/30.html",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5w8l1n/what_was_the_relation_like_between_ptolemaic/?st=izpq8evg&sh=2c6d9fae",
"https://commo... | |
og94o | Would it be possible for there to be perfectly identical siblings who were not twins? | Gene selection is completely random, but is there a chance that two siblings could inherit the exact same traits from their mother and father? Have the same DNA due to chance?
| askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/og94o/would_it_be_possible_for_there_to_be_perfectly/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3h1epu"
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"score": [
3
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"text": [
"Theoretically, yes. Practically, no. \n\nThe human genome contains on average 3164.7 million chemical nucleotide bases\n\nSomeone check my math on this, but there are 4 different bases, so I'm pretty sure that gives\n\n (3,164,700,000)^4 = 10030... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2psfdd | Given their extensive knowledge of geometry, how close did the ancient Greeks get to realizing the Earth went around the Sun (Heliocentrism)? | I was thinking today that considering how obsessed the Ancient Greeks were with exploring geometry ideas, it's surprising they didn't figure out Heliocentrism. Eratosthenes figured out a reasonable estimate of the size of the Earth, so clearly they were thinking a lot about Earth/Sun systems. According to Wikipedia, a ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2psfdd/given_their_extensive_knowledge_of_geometry_how/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmzntle"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"Copernicus worked out his model with tools and mathematics little better than the Greeks. Interestingly the Greeks and Copernicus were both missing the same knowledge. They were also working against the same logical problem. Ptolemy who creat... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.gutenberg.org/files/35744/35744-h/35744-h.htm"
]
] | |
2fwfsi | why do men like the "money shot" in porn where a guy jizzes all over a girls face and/or body? | It's my understanding that heterosexual porn is mostly marketed to men who must find this appealing. As a woman, I just don't get it.
Edit: Thanks so much to all the men who posted comments. I've got a much better understanding now. Some men don't like it, some see it as the only way to show that orgasm was ach... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2fwfsi/eli5_why_do_men_like_the_money_shot_in_porn_where/ | {
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"text": [
"It's a combination of a few things:\n\n- It gives a certain level of dominance of the man over the women. Some men and women enjoy the idea of a man being d... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6dvi7l | Which cultures did Russia encounter as they pushed eastward through Siberia towards the Pacific? Did these cultures willingly incorporate themselves into Russia? Or did some of them have to be conquered? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6dvi7l/which_cultures_did_russia_encounter_as_they/ | {
"a_id": [
"di657pj"
],
"score": [
100
],
"text": [
"This is a huge question because Russia is such a large country and the Russian state encountered numerous peoples in different geographic, economic, political contexts as they expanded eastward. \n\nThe way the Russian state interacted with dif... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
43y38f | when using a vpn, how is outgoing data encrypted before reaching the vpn? can a vpn be used / is it secure with public wifi? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/43y38f/eli5_when_using_a_vpn_how_is_outgoing_data/ | {
"a_id": [
"czlwhbp"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"All a VPN is, is really a secure encrypted tunnel between your computer and some computer \"out there\". The encryption of your traffic is done by your VPN client on your computer. Decryption is done by the VPN exit end of the tunnel. \n\ni.e. Le... | [] | [] | [
[
"www.netflix.com"
]
] | ||
mww1z | how are murder cases solved? | If I drive up to a random person who I have never talked to or seen before, and there's no one around, and I just shoot him dead, how can the police find out that I was the one who killed him? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/mww1z/eli5_how_are_murder_cases_solved/ | {
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3,
2,
2,
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"text": [
"You should watch an episode of the tv series \"[the first 48](_URL_0_)\". \n\nThe idea is they look for clues around the crime scene tha... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_First_48"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_First_48"
],
[],
[]
] | |
1uxxvi | Was John Brown (abolitionist) a terrorist? If not, why? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1uxxvi/was_john_brown_abolitionist_a_terrorist_if_not_why/ | {
"a_id": [
"cemtsiv",
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10,
21
],
"text": [
"I took a class on John Brown last semester and while I don't love answering this question I can give you some solid sources on Brown. David S. Reynold's biography is excellent, and a great place to start if you haven't rea... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.kancoll.org/books/cutler/franklin/franklin-co-p3.html#THE_POTTAWATOMIE_MASSACRE",
"http://www.ipsnews.net/2005/07/politics-un-member-states-struggle-to-define-terrorism/"
]
] | ||
2twzqz | how do unripe bananas develop at home? | I buy green bananas from the supermarket so they can last longer, I leave them out and they magically turn yellow and are ready to be eaten, how can they ripe without being attached to a tree to supply them with nutrients and water? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2twzqz/eli5_how_do_unripe_bananas_develop_at_home/ | {
"a_id": [
"co32r1n"
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"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"They're fully grown before they start to ripen. The ripening process is caused by the plant growth regulator (like a plant hormone or plant neurotransmitter) 'ethylene', and begins to turn starch in the banana into sugar.\n\nBananas are not the o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
vdve5 | [Weekly Discussion Thread] Scientists, do you use the scientific method? | This is the sixth installment of the weekly discussion thread. Today's topic was a suggestion from an AS reader.
Topic (Quoting from suggestion): Hi scientists. This isn't a very targeted question, but I'm told that the contemporary practice of science ("hard" science for the purposes of this question) doesn't utilize... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/vdve5/weekly_discussion_thread_scientists_do_you_use/ | {
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[],
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1lx7jp | The social acceptance of animal cruelty over time | I'm having a discussion around Pinker's *Better Angels of Our Nature* (which, full disclosure: I hate).
The following argument was brought up:
*Because, objectively, violence has reduced in every sector, including entertainment.*
*We may have violent video games, but it's no longer acceptable to burn cats alive for ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1lx7jp/the_social_acceptance_of_animal_cruelty_over_time/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc3n8va"
],
"score": [
13
],
"text": [
"This is so much more complex than Pinker acknowledges, and I think that's why so many historians (myself included) have real problems with his claim. Strictly in terms of animals, Keith Thomas argues in *Man and the Natural World* that people *d... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
f5gzeu | How does aging/curing meats avoid contamination from harmful bacteria such as c-botulinum? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/f5gzeu/how_does_agingcuring_meats_avoid_contamination/ | {
"a_id": [
"fhzdxeb"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"Depends on the method. Dry aging for instance is usually done at colder temps, which halts bacterial growth. Most “curing” relies on salt to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria, meanwhile fermentation relies on either salt or lactic acid, o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4huudw | why do some companies limit online services in certain countries? | For example, Netflix. Wouldn't they have more customers if they provided all services all over the world? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4huudw/eli5_why_do_some_companies_limit_online_services/ | {
"a_id": [
"d2shew9",
"d2shwfo"
],
"score": [
4,
12
],
"text": [
"Someone bought the rights to that territory, so they restrict access. Of course they would allow access if they had not sold it, but who would buy the rights if they didn't cut off their own service?",
"If a company is ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
hmy7a | On what day of the year is the Earth farthest ahead of the Sun relative to the Sun's orbit around the galactic center? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hmy7a/on_what_day_of_the_year_is_the_earth_farthest/ | {
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"text": [
"The sun's direction of travel (the [solar apex](_URL_0_)) is RA 18h 28m DE 30^o , roughly in the direction of Vega.\n\nThe earth will be aligned in this direction when that point crosses the meridian at midnight. This will vary a bit from year t... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_apex"
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2osoy5 | What was used to call people to mass at churches before the manufacture of bells became more widespread? | I'm interested to find out what churches used to call the faithful to services before the widespread manufacture of bronze church bells.
I can imagine something less costly and time-consuming to manufacture would have been used, but what exactly was used?
Did some use horns modeled after the ram's horn rabbis use t... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2osoy5/what_was_used_to_call_people_to_mass_at_churches/ | {
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"cmqk48a"
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"text": [
"Before Christianity was a permitted religion in Rome most services were held at or immediately after Sunset, similar to Post-Temple Judaism, except the principle service of the week would take place at sundown on Saturday night. (Remember that J... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2ozg07 | why is there no inflation in us despite quantitative easing? | Lots of people were predicting that there will be significant inflation due to quantitative easing which is pumping money into the economy. Why has it not happened? Or has it not happened yet and will sometime in the future when the chickens come home to roost? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ozg07/eli5_why_is_there_no_inflation_in_us_despite/ | {
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"text": [
"There is inflation in the US. It's just really small and fairly stable (Averaging about 4%). I'll give a brief overview of inflation and the mechanics of it in the US, see if it helps. I can go a bit m... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.usinflationcalculator.com/inflation/current-inflation-rates/"
],
[]
] | |
1gwqpc | why are women encouraged to abstain from sex or use alternative methods of contraception when they miss one or two bc pills, but not when they miss 7 in a row (period week)? | I've never really heard a definitive answer to what you should do when you miss a birth control pill (other than double up), the guidelines on each brand tend to vary and my doctor and OBGYN's advices differ as well.
Looking at answers on the internet, many people recommend alternate forms of BC for anywhere from 1 we... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1gwqpc/eli5why_are_women_encouraged_to_abstain_from_sex/ | {
"a_id": [
"caokt50"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"Because the dosages get higher that third week right before period week, and last long enough to cover you. I always use a second form if I miss one pill but if you look at the instructions accompanying the pill you will see that if you just miss... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
fe4ehb | what are the pragmatic reasons why business people give away their money to charity? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fe4ehb/eli5_what_are_the_pragmatic_reasons_why_business/ | {
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"Being seen as a good person/company is good for business. \n\nIt’s also been shown they many charities are run by people taking a large ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://youtu.be/H32z45o0WxA",
"https://youtu.be/mS9CFBlLOcg"
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[],
[],
[]
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kygum | when i first learn a word, i see it a billion times in the next two weeks. | Same deal with concepts; just heard about the whole "Holocause denial" thing last week and have seen it four times since then. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/kygum/eli5_when_i_first_learn_a_word_i_see_it_a_billion/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2oa3n0",
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... | [] | [] | [
[
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[
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[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
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"http://www.damninteresting.com/the-baader-meinhof-phenomenon/"
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[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_bia... | |
6zy21t | Could an creature have both an endo and exoskeleton? Do any? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6zy21t/could_an_creature_have_both_an_endo_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"dn0920c",
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"score": [
11,
59,
11
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"text": [
"I nominate the [boxfishes](_URL_2_) and related [cowfishes](_URL_1_). \n\nThey have a (reduced) bony skeleton but their scales have evolved into hard, bony hexagonal plates like fitted tiles. If you ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.google.com/search?q=cooked+trunkfish&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-us&client=safari#imgrc=9E1JCg8EZ5vU2M",
"https://www.google.com/search?q=cowfish&client=safari&hl=en-us&prmd=imsvn&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZjIGcqKXWAhWGLSYKHZFMBIUQ_AUIESgB&a... | ||
3s1g7r | If you look back far enough into the decimals of an irrational number, such as sqrt(2), could you find another irrational number such as pi? | I know that irrational numbers never repeat and go on forever so they should contain all possible combinations of numbers right? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3s1g7r/if_you_look_back_far_enough_into_the_decimals_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwtbzmq",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Okay, you are sort of asking several different questions here with some implied misconceptions, so let's handle them carefully.\n\n > I know that irrational numbers never repeat...\n\nYes, an irrational number is character... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_number"
],
[]
] | |
jjpl8 | what is being discussed in contemporary philosophy? | Is there something like one common problem that a lot of people try to solve? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/jjpl8/eli5_what_is_being_discussed_in_contemporary/ | {
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"I dont think anyone important is thinking abou... | [] | [] | [
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t6p45 | How long are we from solar power technology that could power a panel van only from cells on its own roof, carrying a full load for an average of 50 miles per day. | [This kind of van, say.](_URL_0_)
The '50 miles a day' is a more-or-less arbitrary figure I came up with to mean 'workable and practical for a business'.
On-board storage of electricity is allowed, i.e. it can charge up all day, doesn't have to collect/expend power on the fly.
PS
Here's the missing question mark fro... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/t6p45/how_long_are_we_from_solar_power_technology_that/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"That depends on how fast you want to go.\n\nYour van has a frontal cross-sectional area of 3 m^2, and a roof of 6 m^2, and a drag coefficient of 0.3 because you've done a great job designing it. Coincidentally, your solar pa... | [] | [
"http://ford-econoline-van-for-sale.carpimpings.co.uk/images/gmc-panel-van-1.jpg"
] | [
[],
[
"http://www.powerfromthesun.net/Book/chapter02/chapter02.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasoline"
]
] | |
n49un | Considering that all organisms on earth seem to have a common ancestor is it safe to say that abiogenisis only occurred once? And if that is so, why hasn't it happened more than once? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/n49un/considering_that_all_organisms_on_earth_seem_to/ | {
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"c364p8d",
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"score": [
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2,
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"text": [
"Considering how quickly life emerged after the Earth became stable, it's unlikely it has happened only once. However, we really only have one data point, and there is still a lot... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
6ezaw6 | If you were to drop a small insect, such as an ant or a grasshopper without the ability to fly, from a high latitude like the Empire State Building, would it die? Why it why not? May be a stupid question but my reasoning below, albeit illogical | For some reason I imagine that due to such small body mass, insects couldn't possibly suffer crucial injuries. It can't be proportional to their size, I just knocked a banana bug off the counter and that thing was tiny as hell, that'd be like knocking me off a three story building. Yes I'm drunk but I'm genuinely curio... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6ezaw6/if_you_were_to_drop_a_small_insect_such_as_an_ant/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The [terminal velocity](_URL_0_) of smaller animals tends to be smaller than that of larger animals.\n\nThe terminal velocity scales with the square root of the mass to drag ratio. If you consider objects from the same mate... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_velocity"
],
[]
] | |
bp76fg | Why did gold become so valuable among so many cultures worldwide? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/bp76fg/why_did_gold_become_so_valuable_among_so_many/ | {
"a_id": [
"enqug0j"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"This question seems to crop up occasionally, you might want to take a look at the answers from /u/poob1x in this thread _URL_2_ \n\n/u/deadletter discuss its properties here in context of economics and its function as an \"Indexing role\" to co... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/72afpu/how_did_gold_and_silver_first_become_precious/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/economics#wiki_why_was_gold_always_considered_so_valuable.3F",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/a0ev0h/why_gold/"
]
] | ||
6lkpmv | How do Not Gates work? | I totally understand how OR and AND gates work in real life, but could someone explain the physical process involved in a Not gate?
I can only visualise a Redstone torch on top of a powered block :D | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6lkpmv/how_do_not_gates_work/ | {
"a_id": [
"djuk1y0"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The NOT function device is called an inverter. It can be as simple as a single transistor in [common emitter](_URL_0_) (or common source) configuration. A logical high input turns on the transistor, causing the output to go low. A logical low inp... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_emitter"
]
] | |
1otsna | Is all muscle created equal? Would it be possible for someone with overall smaller muscles to be stronger than someone with overall larger muscles? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1otsna/is_all_muscle_created_equal_would_it_be_possible/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccvjh99"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"In general: more muscle = more strength. However there's the neurological aspect to it. How well can the central nervous system control your muscular contraction. This all comes down to 'being used to an activity'. If you haven't picked up any we... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2wfqq0 | why can projectors project image onto human skin but monitors can't? is it just the intensity of the light or is there some subtler optical phenomenon at play? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2wfqq0/eli5_why_can_projectors_project_image_onto_human/ | {
"a_id": [
"coqmnrk"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"The current answers seem to be missing something important.\n\nLenses.\n\nMonitors don't have lenses (AFAIK) because the light sources are so close to the viewing surface that there's really no bleed between pixels to blur the image. For all inte... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3d31p0 | why is it okay to mock christianity but not politically correct to mock islam? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3d31p0/eli5why_is_it_okay_to_mock_christianity_but_not/ | {
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Extremist Muslims have, in some instances, killed or threatened to kill people based on insulting their religion. ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://charliecowan.co.uk/qiklaxon/klaxon.php?text=extremists",
"http://www.gallup.com/poll/157082/islamophobia-understanding-anti-muslim-sentiment-west.aspx"
],
[],
[]
] | ||
18p43f | After talking with some co-workers, I'm naturally curious: Which came first- the tie or the collared shirt? | Also, when and where were these styles invented? And why? Did they initially serve any purpose? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/18p43f/after_talking_with_some_coworkers_im_naturally/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The tie was first used by Croatian mercenaries fighting for Louis the XIII in the 1600's. At the time it had a function besides being an accessory, and that was wiping sweat or blood from your forehead. \n\nSome soldiers wo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2awkok | Do we know the ratio of energy to matter which exists in the Universe? | Has there ever been any calculations done pertaining to the changing of the original energy from the Big Bang into the current amount of estimated matter in the Universe? Specifically, do we know what percentage of the original energy from the Big Bang exists as matter now? And does this conversion rate give us any ins... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2awkok/do_we_know_the_ratio_of_energy_to_matter_which/ | {
"a_id": [
"cizkv8s"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Ok... You asked about ten very complex questions with some apparent misunderstandings all in a row so I will do my best to get this turned around into something that makes sense.\n\nFirst off, scientists have calculated the amount of energy and m... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1wmqx1 | Does the ISS have an 'eating capsule' to help prevent detritus? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1wmqx1/does_the_iss_have_an_eating_capsule_to_help/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Sort of. It has an area where the food is stored and prepared; it even has a table to eat at.\n\nCareful menu planning is what minimises mess. E.g. The use of tortillas instead of bread means fewer crumbs.\n\nI do not know if there are guidelines... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
9820po | why does the sound of an alarm clock from my cellphone seems to put me asleep instead of waking me up even if a few minutes earlier i opened my eyes but not as sleepy as i am when the alarm rings? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9820po/eli5_why_does_the_sound_of_an_alarm_clock_from_my/ | {
"a_id": [
"e4cofr6"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It’s because you’re interrupting a fresh sleep cycle, your body naturally wakes up around your alarm clock because it’s subconsciously falling into your daily schedule. When you open your eyes up naturally you feel refreshed because that was a co... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
6q5iu2 | What makes the Russian winter significant in warfare?The Russian army fights in it,what prevents others from doing so? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6q5iu2/what_makes_the_russian_winter_significant_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"dkuvgse"
],
"score": [
130
],
"text": [
"I think in asking this question, you severely underestimate the Russian winter. Although I can't specifically speak for earlier campaigns, like Napoleon's, I should be able to describe how it was in WW2. Let's take Stalingrad as an example, whi... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www2.meteo.uni-bonn.de/bibliothek/Flohn_Publikationen/K321-K349_1985-1990/K328.pdf",
"http://www.fallen.io/ww2/"
]
] | ||
njjbf | what does the sleeping drug ambein do to your brain? | I just would like to know for my mother who takes it.
She feels like it makes her trip, and often describes euphoria?
Does reddit have an answer | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/njjbf/what_does_the_sleeping_drug_ambein_do_to_your/ | {
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"text": [
"_URL_0_\nELI5: You know how when you have those slumber parties with your friend Timmy? And then late at night when you would usually be asleep, you lay there and talk to Timmy and... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.livestrong.com/article/84007-ambien-work/"
],
[],
[
"http://www.livestrong.com/article/84007-ambien-work/"
],
[]
] | |
1qnvk7 | why does boiling water smell good? | I know you know what I mean | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1qnvk7/eli5why_does_boiling_water_smell_good/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdeo0n0",
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"If this is some euphamism that I'm not familiar with, I'm sorry, but here is an explanation of how boiling water affects the olfactory experience.\n\nWe smell things when substances go into our noses, they dissolve a bit int... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
aqqgjc | Favorite primary document? (Book recommendations) | I trained in school for museum studies, but like many younger historians, I don't work in the field as an adult.
I wanted to get suggestions for any of your favorite primary sources. I love reading from the words of people who lived it, especially the lower classes, soldier's, or common person's perspective. Some of ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/aqqgjc/favorite_primary_document_book_recommendations/ | {
"a_id": [
"egiopdp"
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"I'd recommend the diaries of Victor Klemperer, a Jewish university professor who lived in Germany through the war, and kept detailed diaries of what was happening. They're split into two volumes, named *I shall bear witness* and *To the Bitter En... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
452k6z | Could carcinogens play a role in evolution? | I'm not very sure if what I'm asking even makes sense but from what I know, carcinogens basically cause cancer by messing with our DNA sequences right?
Could the same "messing with DNA" lead to selectively advantageous traits as well? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/452k6z/could_carcinogens_play_a_role_in_evolution/ | {
"a_id": [
"czvqinp"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Could it? Yes. Is it likely to? No. Advantageous mutations are very rare compared to neutral or deleterious ones, and while mutagens make it more likely to have an advantageous mutation, they also make it more likely to have disadvantageous ones ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
8ov0yr | why does fat hold more flavour than muscle? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8ov0yr/eli5_why_does_fat_hold_more_flavour_than_muscle/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Fats are the most energy dense of the macronutrients with 9 kcal/g compared to 4 kcal/g for protein and carbohydrates. Given that our distant ancestors evolved through times of scarcity of food, the taste of high calorie, fatty foods is one that... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3z9wya | how does someone begin budgeting if they've never done so before? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3z9wya/eli5_how_does_someone_begin_budgeting_if_theyve/ | {
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"text": [
"Start with fixing the *no savings* part of the picture. \nEvery time you get a paycheck, put 10% of it into a savings account. \nThis will become your emergency fund. \nNext, for... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/personalfinance"
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1362fn | How did humans thousands of years ago (~3000-4000) keep from freezing at night when sleeping? | Forgive me for not asking the most specific question, but I was thinking about this as I was walking to the mini-mart. It's about 30 degrees where I am, and know I would be unable to sleep in these conditions if it weren't for a heated home.
Did they sleep next to fire with animal pelts? Could they sleep in 30-40 de... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1362fn/how_did_humans_thousands_of_years_ago_30004000/ | {
"a_id": [
"c715n8z",
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"score": [
3,
4,
2
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"text": [
"I'm not surprised you can't sleep if it's 30 degrees! That's [bloody hot for a night-time temperature](_URL_0_)...\n",
"The Yaghan (original inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego) lived in a cold climate ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.math-salamanders.com/images/celsius-to-fahrenheit-conversion-chart-5s.gif"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaghan"
],
[
"http://books.google.com/books?id=AutEEtg5FM4C&lpg=PA23&dq=igloo%20warmth%20-magazine&pg=PA26#v=onepage&q=igdluling&f=false"
]
] | |
2y6qau | In a vast universe, is it possible that a solid gold planet exists? | Edit: What a great discussion! A lot to think about here, especially regarding the implications of infinity.
So it seems that the verdict is that yes, it is in reality POSSIBLE for this to happen, and though it would be incredibly unlikely that a planet consisting of only a single type of ANY element would exist, in a... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2y6qau/in_a_vast_universe_is_it_possible_that_a_solid/ | {
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2
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"text": [
"It's really really unlikely. Gold is produced in highly energetic events like supernovae that come with a lo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://www.space.com/12738-massive-diamond-planet-orbits-neutron-star-astronomers-find.html"
],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2rh9iv | why are we still framing homes with flammable materials like wood when we could use things like i-beams or something else? cost? | The title pretty much explains it. You see on the news everyday stories about homes burning down. Would framing with steel beams or something similar help at all? If so, why is this not standard practice? Thanks. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2rh9iv/eli5_why_are_we_still_framing_homes_with/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnfuucf",
"cnfv1w0",
"cnfv3r8",
"cnfvub6"
],
"score": [
4,
2,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Yeah, it's almost entirely cost. Wood is amongst the cheapest of all building materials and is more than suitable for most houses. Steel construction is usually reserved for taller... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
txkm6 | the scent of ants | Why do ants omit such a foul smell? And also, why do some people smell them and some cannot? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/txkm6/eli5_the_scent_of_ants/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4qk0a8",
"c4qlwyf"
],
"score": [
3,
7
],
"text": [
"Ants use smell to communicate between each other. It may smell bad to you but that's because it was never meant for humans, it was meant for other ants.\n\nWhy can't some people smell it? I don't know for certain but it migh... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
b1y4y0 | How can emotional stress after receiving bad news cause a heart attack? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/b1y4y0/how_can_emotional_stress_after_receiving_bad_news/ | {
"a_id": [
"eiqlw36"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Myocardial infarction, colloquially \"heart attack\" occurs when coronary arteries cannot adequately supply blood to the heart muscle due to plaque buildup (or there can be other reasons too.) As a result, cells of the heart start dying unless we... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3b1p5l | why aren't porn stars arrested for prostitution? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3b1p5l/eli5_why_arent_porn_stars_arrested_for/ | {
"a_id": [
"csi07en",
"csi08me",
"csi1pc2",
"csi88do"
],
"score": [
10,
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"It's not prostitution if it's for porn. It's protected as a legitimate payment for a service other then just having sex. Porn acting is still considered acting so it's protected."... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
3n7sn4 | Near the beginning - big bang nature of the singularity? | Quick question to confirm my understanding - as you rewind time towards the beginning, the universe's density would be increasing to infinite, but the universe at all times was always also 'infinite' in the sense that space in all directions x y z wasn't bounded and the universe was pretty much uniform everywhere.
So ... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3n7sn4/near_the_beginning_big_bang_nature_of_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cvm6y0d"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"No. It would have been a point. If you took any two particles, the distance between them would approach zero as t approaches zero, so at t=0 everything is at the same place.\n\nIt might help to think of it as that you have some map of the univers... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
zzb2o | Famous people who died an unnatural death: Help my grandfather with a philately project. | My grandfather is working on a stamp exhibit and article about famous historical figures who died unnatural deaths. So Reddit please help me come up with a list of historical figures who have died in unnatural ways. For example Yuri Gagarin died in a plane crash, he was also depicted on a stamp so he will be in the exh... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/zzb2o/famous_people_who_died_an_unnatural_death_help_my/ | {
"a_id": [
"c690q81",
"c691kiv",
"c692wxl",
"c693a0d",
"c69flll"
],
"score": [
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"I'm assuming he doesn't want famous figures who were killed in combat or war?\n\nT.E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) was killed in a motorcycle accident\n\nPat... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_who_died_in_road_accidents"
],
[
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Stamp_US_1962_4c_Dag_Hammarskjold_invert.jpg",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld"
],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysippus"
],
... | |
15wbzs | Is computation without energy possible? | Is computation without an expenditure of energy possible? If not, why exactly? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/15wbzs/is_computation_without_energy_possible/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7qfspl",
"c7qg1jg",
"c7qh20t"
],
"score": [
2,
29,
2
],
"text": [
"The way computation works currently is via [MOSFETs](_URL_0_); energy is expended when current flows through the silicon channel to indicate a \"1\", and energy is expended when charge is shifted to ma... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOSFET"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversible_computing",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landauer%27s_principle",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billiard_ball_computer",
"http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/onepercent/2012/04/researchers-build-crab-powered... | |
5qqpgr | Why didn't the Europeans, during the height of the North American fur trading industry just simply bring the animals back to Europe, breed them, and sell them that way? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5qqpgr/why_didnt_the_europeans_during_the_height_of_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dd1fzoz",
"dd1kan2"
],
"score": [
22,
23
],
"text": [
"What would it cost to transport, breed, and raise a wild animal population in a farm or ranch like setting to point of commercial viability back then? Not very many animals in the history of mankind have received this trea... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3xhnoa/serious_if_beaver_pelts_were_so_highly_sought/cy4xxyf/"
]
] | |
1mwjf4 | how does spell check determine the closest matching words? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1mwjf4/eli5_how_does_spell_check_determine_the_closest/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccdackm"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"It depends on which spell-check system you are using.\n\nThe most basic spell-check algorithm will simply identify words in the dictionary that contain a certain minimum percentage of characters found in the user's spelling and have an approximat... | [] | [] | [
[]
] |
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