q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
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1rl2w3 | What did "law enforcement" look like in the great Mesoamerican cultures at their height? | Were there dedicated city guards or watch? If a crime was committed that had no immediately obvious perpetrator, would it be someone's job to investigate it? What sort of methods would they use to do so? What sort of punishment could the guilty party expect if apprehended? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1rl2w3/what_did_law_enforcement_look_like_in_the_great/ | {
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"Oh man. Tough question. For the Formative and Classic period cultures we don't know. Hieroglyphic inscriptions don't typically discuss it and it's not something that can be detected archaeologically. We only really have goo... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/sipwy/how_were_crimes_investigated_in_the_past/c4es8sf"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/sipwy/how_were_crimes_investigated_in_the_past/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/sipwy/how_were_crimes_investigated_in_the_p... | |
1xyc03 | What do we currently understand about the relationship between Homo sapiens and other hominins? | I know that some interbreeding occured between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals and Denisovans, but to what extent? Did they war with one another, did we annihilate our rivals? Were there even wars at that point in our species' history?
Would the hominins have been able to communicate in any way? I would find it difficu... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1xyc03/what_do_we_currently_understand_about_the/ | {
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"cfh9drd"
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"I don't think we have any way of knowing exactly how we interacted with the other species of humans before their extinction; we can only speculate. We know that the neanderthals, at least, became extinct fairly rapidly (a few hundred centuries) a... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1k66po | individualism vs collectivism | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1k66po/eli5_individualism_vs_collectivism/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Individualism and Collectivism are both political/social philosophies. Individualism emphasizes the importance of individual people, and argues for the benefit of the individual over the benefit of a group. Anarchy (no government) is an extreme I... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
5dytwg | Which flag did the Byzantines use in the 1140's? | I'm trying to find out for a history project, but the only results I can find are either alternate history or belonging the the Palaiologos dynasty, who to my knowledge were the empire's final ruling family. | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5dytwg/which_flag_did_the_byzantines_use_in_the_1140s/ | {
"a_id": [
"dcz0fh2"
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"text": [
"Before I get into the meat of your question, I feel it's important to point out that specifically \"National Flags\" are a relatively modern invention dating to the 18th/19th Centuries, and was a result of the birth of nationalism. Before this Ki... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.saintwiki.com/images/8/8c/Labarum.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Stefan_Lochner_-_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_WGA13342.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Palaeologoi_eagle.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Maiorin... | |
3lnbtu | if an internet provider promises a certain speed to its users, and connection tests show far worse than that speed, is there anything the customers can do about it? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3lnbtu/eli5_if_an_internet_provider_promises_a_certain/ | {
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"This happened to me. I have like a 30mb/s plan and i was getting 2mb/s. So i just called them. They had me run some tests until they were satisfied that it was a problem on their ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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] | |
7qlj71 | Is there any research on a link between PCOS, birth control and depression? | I know there are already links between the pill and depression.
But I've wondered for a while if there could be a more severe link for women with pcos in particular too? PCOS focuses around lowered oestrogen/elevated testosterone (right?), and the pill is one big whack of oestrogen (hormone chaos). Does this not mean... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7qlj71/is_there_any_research_on_a_link_between_pcos/ | {
"a_id": [
"dsz70sj"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Like with many population studies, we do not yet know exactly why COCP (Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill) causes depression. In fact, prior to the very large study published recently, there has been few studies examining the link. Of course, ther... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3338i0 | Why didn't the Americans oppose the Isreali nuclear weapon program? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3338i0/why_didnt_the_americans_oppose_the_isreali/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqhjtxr"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"They would have, had they known in time. That's why Israel kept it secret from the U.S. Read this recent Politico story that draws on newly available documents to explain what happened. _URL_0_\n\n\"Cohen’s new statement, paired with recently un... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/04/israel-nuclear-weapons-117014.html"
]
] | ||
6amxk2 | why do things rot and where does it come from? | To my understanding, food and stuff rot mostly due to different kinds of fungi. This begs the question, what is the process? Is fungi slowly "rotting" food and it's not until a certain stage that we notice it or is there a point where the fungi start the process. One question I really want answered is where it comes fr... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6amxk2/eli5_why_do_things_rot_and_where_does_it_come_from/ | {
"a_id": [
"dhfsvbn",
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"text": [
"Fungi spores are microscopic. Like bacteria, they can be kind of everywhere. So it's already on your food, but you don't see it until it has grown. ",
"Spores. Kinda like the eggs or seeds of mol... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
611zgp | how do we get a still picture of earth if it is rotating at 1000 miles/hour? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/611zgp/eli5_how_do_we_get_a_still_picture_of_earth_if_it/ | {
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"text": [
"short exposure time and very far away. Would you be able to tell a little blur in the clouds of earth in a photo taken from space? Not likely, not enough detail.\n\nIf you take a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_orbit"
],
[]
] | ||
52stsu | how does a camera keep the subject the same size but appear to zoom in? | So I wasn't quite sure how to word this, but sometimes on TV during a dramatic moment it seems as though the camera is zooming in (the background gets closer) but the person talking appears to be the same size? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/52stsu/eli5_how_does_a_camera_keep_the_subject_the_same/ | {
"a_id": [
"d7mzj1t"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"It's called a [Dolly zoom](_URL_1_).\n\nThe way it works is that as the camera moves forward, the lens zooms out. They also work in reverse, where as the camera moves back, the operator zooms in. As long as the focus objects maintain their positi... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://vimeo.com/60047288",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_zoom"
]
] | |
1qvuk1 | Would eating a lot of bananas carry some kind of radioactive load to the human body? | I'm not quite sure how to phrase the question, but I saw [this](_URL_0_) video on my friend's facebook wall where a girl eats 51 bananas in a day.
According to [wikipedia](_URL_1_),
> "It follows that the additional radiation exposure due to eating a banana lasts only for a few hours after ingestion, namely the tim... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1qvuk1/would_eating_a_lot_of_bananas_carry_some_kind_of/ | {
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103,
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"text": [
"Bananas are potassium rich, but if you aim to get some sort of radiation damage from them, you're much more likely to kill yourself by disrupting your K/N... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtgS7vSSIJQ",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_injection#Potassium_chloride"
],
[
"http://xkcd.com/radiation/"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperkalemia"
],
[],
[]
] | |
11iabn | Would it be possible to freeze a sperm sample of every male when they're 18, so that if they contract a communicable disease (HIV, HepA/C) they could still have kids with their partner through IV, and not pass on their condition? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/11iabn/would_it_be_possible_to_freeze_a_sperm_sample_of/ | {
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"text": [
"The process of in-vitro could be used and, the process itself would likely preclude the possibility of disease transfer to the mother or baby. The process involves individual sperm being removed from the seminal fluid, and the virus is contained ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/Abstract/2007/09120/Safety_and_efficacy_of_sperm_washing_in.10.aspx"
]
] | ||
11ufp3 | Is a 100% organic cigarette made of pure tobacco safer than a regular cigarette? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/11ufp3/is_a_100_organic_cigarette_made_of_pure_tobacco/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
" The harm from cigarettes come from tobacco, and it's not because the tobacco has artificially been made more dangerous. It's a naturally poisonous plant with many carcinogens.\n\n_URL_1_\n\nHOWEVER, this doesn't mean cigar... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001145",
"http://www.livescience.com/7914-warning-homegrown-tobacco-deadly.html"
],
[]
] | ||
21y7gv | Can a numb tongue negate the effects of a spicy pepper? | I just came from the dentist, and had a thought. If my tongue was completely numbed, would my body go through any of the side effects of eating a spicy pepper? For instance: Would my head sweat? Would my face get red? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/21y7gv/can_a_numb_tongue_negate_the_effects_of_a_spicy/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Those effects take place because your body is 'fooled' into thinking that you are actually hot. as in temperature wise. capsaicin is the molecule of 'spicy hotness' in chillis because it triggers the TRPV1 receptor, which normally triggers only a... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5v01xf | why do house gecko's have low awareness but move really fast. | I've notice many times that house gecko's seem to ignore the presence of humans near them or not notice them at all. So I was wondering what's the point of being able to move quickly if you can't even notice a predator or threat in the first place. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5v01xf/eli5_why_do_house_geckos_have_low_awareness_but/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddy6fft",
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"score": [
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7
],
"text": [
"Who says they don't notice them?\n\nIf you can move that quickly, you can let a predator approach that much closer before running away, which means you spend less time running and more time doing gecko things. \n\n",
"Th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2zg4h1 | Why do divergent series seem to violate so many rules? | For example, **[1+2+3+4...] - [2+4+6+8...]** can be equated to both **[1+3+5+7...]** and **[-1-2-3-4...]** (making a positive equal a negative!) depending on how you choose to align each element of the list.
Also, **[1+2+3+4...] - 1**, subtracting 1 from the list, is equivalent to adding 1 to every element of the list... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2zg4h1/why_do_divergent_series_seem_to_violate_so_many/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpit0w6"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"There's a subtle difference between an infinite series and a finite series (a sum). The usual rules of arithmetic do not apply to the former in the same way as the latter *unless* it is convergent (and sometimes you need it to be absolutely conv... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_power_series"
]
] | |
337sjc | Why did Charlmagne invade Spain? | I know that he lost his nephew Roland in Spain when they were leaving(retreating?) But what else happened while they were there? And why? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/337sjc/why_did_charlmagne_invade_spain/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqid1vn"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"According to 'The Basque History of the World'\n > Suleiman, a Muslim who was feuding with the emir of Cordoba...wishing to take the Ebro away from the emir's control, had crossed the Pyrenees to offer Charlemagne a list of cities...that he had a... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
34ycqh | Was Northern England (Britannia Inferior) more of a buffer zone between Britannia Superior (Southern England) and Caledonia (Scotland) during Roman Britain? | This is a new subject to me. I can't help but notice that "Britannia Inferior" wasn't your typical Roman Province, but more of a buffer zone between the more Romanised South and Scotland. How true is this?
It looks like the region was controlled by forts with York being the capital, and that the people outside of thes... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/34ycqh/was_northern_england_britannia_inferior_more_of_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqzhbvn"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"As Martin Millet pointed out in *The Romanization of Britain* the extent to which Roman lifestyle took hold in a region is highly dependent, or at least highly correlated, with its political organization before the conquest. Southern England was ... | [] | [
"http://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryMagazine/DestinationsUK/RomanSites/"
] | [
[]
] | |
2f0a1v | Which historians' books shouldn't be trusted? | Historians who are know to be unreliable or who have an agenda. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2f0a1v/which_historians_books_shouldnt_be_trusted/ | {
"a_id": [
"ck4mz3h",
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"score": [
7,
6,
13
],
"text": [
"David Irving. His agenda is well known, he styles himself as an amateur historian who knows the archives better than the professionals. The net result is his books appear to be solid scholarship, but h... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1l8jih | insurance denial for pre-existing conditions | Why shouldn't insurance companies shouldn't be able to deny coverage for pre existing conditions? I understand that most insurance companies don't want this, but it seems counter intuitive to the whole concept of insurance. The company is basically making a "bet" that you will stay healthy, while you are getting insu... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1l8jih/eli5_insurance_denial_for_preexisting_conditions/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbwrnxb",
"cbwrs76"
],
"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Because if you can't get health insurance, you won't be able to pay for healthcare. Most people think that you ought to be able to pay for healthcare.",
"They have the power to offset that higher chance of risk with offs... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3rxixd | When the Northern states began voluntarily abolishing slavery, was there any movement of Northern slaveowners to the South, or Northern states that hadn't yet embraced abolition? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3rxixd/when_the_northern_states_began_voluntarily/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwski6a"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It wasn't really an option; when states passed gradual emancipation acts, they also passed laws that made it illegal to take soon-to-be-freed people out of state for sale. This actually was in an issue for none other than Sojourner Truth whose s... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4yi6yv | when reading nutritional information labels what is the remaining weight made of? | When looking at any nutritional label there is a serving size which says how much it is. It then gives a break down of what that serving size consists of, protein, carbs, fats, vitamins, minerals and such.
Now I have yet to see a label where if you add up all those items weights does it equal the weight of the serving... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4yi6yv/eli5_when_reading_nutritional_information_labels/ | {
"a_id": [
"d6nw91r"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"Water it is. There is pretty much nothing else that could possibly be it. A very small percentage would be some technological additives like preservatives, colourants and stuff, but they usually are used in insignificant amounts (10s of mg/kg). O... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2q8woo | how does password cracking work if websites don't let guess a lot of passwords? | How does password cracking work if you can only guess so many passwords on a website? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2q8woo/eli5_how_does_password_cracking_work_if_websites/ | {
"a_id": [
"cn3xsjz",
"cn3xu69"
],
"score": [
4,
14
],
"text": [
"hackers compromise the website file system or database that stores the passwords and extract that file out of the website.\n\nthen they can attempt passwords a million times without interruption ",
"You don't do a brute... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
29xt7u | Why has French influence "stuck" in New Orleans? Besides the names, you would never know St Louis or Detroit were French, and there is no original Spanish culture in most of America's Spanish-named cities. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/29xt7u/why_has_french_influence_stuck_in_new_orleans/ | {
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"score": [
135,
50,
57,
12,
13,
2
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"text": [
"Among other things, the relatively late arrival of immigrant refugees from French Caribbean islands in the wake of uprisings, like... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.inmotionaame.org/print.cfm;jsessionid=f8302468981404578882777?migration=5&bhcp=1"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.missionscalifornia.com/"
],
[
"http://www.mcq.org/en/maf/"
],
[
"http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/20174258?searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3Df... | ||
faawql | Was Early Modern African Cavalry Financed By The Slave Trade? | In one of those perennial "I read it on wikipedia" bits, the claim was made that:
> States like Dagoma in northern Ghana, Nupe and the Yoruba kingdom of Oyo in Nigeria were very dependent on imports of horses, usually financed by the sale of slaves.
With the explanation that horses had to be imported because of dif... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/faawql/was_early_modern_african_cavalry_financed_by_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"fixfmtm"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Yes, there was trade in slaves for horses.\n\nI would not call it part of the Triangular Trade though, and not a \"fourth angle\".\n\nI'm not familiar with Dagoma, but Nupe and Oyo were sourcing their horses from the Hausa states to the north of ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.jstor.org/stable/23787162"
]
] | |
30e76i | what exactly is happening here? _url_0_ | _URL_0_ | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/30e76i/eli5_what_exactly_is_happening_here/ | {
"a_id": [
"cprl593"
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"score": [
3
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"text": [
"_URL_0_\n\nWhen you freeze mercury it resists magnetic fields. When it's in a strong magnetic field it \"pins\" the magnetism to small points in the metal. This causes the metal to hang in mid-air suspended by the \"pins\"."
]
} | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ws6AAhTw7RA"
] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ws6AAhTw7RA"
] | [
[
"http://quantumlevitation.com/the-physics/"
]
] | |
1mydot | Were American POW's in WW2 ever sent to gas chambers? | This can also include any POW from any country except the soviet union. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1mydot/were_american_pows_in_ww2_ever_sent_to_gas/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccds6xh"
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"text": [
"Gas chambers were reserved for political prisoners namely : the jews, the resistants, the homosexuals, the communists and the gypsies. A few POWs were sent there for repeated escaping attempts, SOE operators were also generally sent to Death cam... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6b2rjg | what happens to flies/insects if they enter your house and have no way out? | They chill and die?
They jack your food and make babies? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6b2rjg/eli5what_happens_to_fliesinsects_if_they_enter/ | {
"a_id": [
"dhjcdbl"
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"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Some like flies will feed, but most insects will generally fly toward light sources like windows and lights and gradually dehydrate. Most will be dead after a few days."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
m161l | exif data. | It gets talked about a lot on the internet, but I've never really gotten a clear explanation of what it *is*. All I really know is that it's data that's somehow connected/embedded in digital pictures. So what *is* EXIF data? Can it really be used to trace the location/photographer of any given picture? If that is the c... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/m161l/eli5_exif_data/ | {
"a_id": [
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8
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"text": [
"EXIF data is the digital information embedded into the photo by the camera when the picture is taken. It generally includes the make/model of the camera and the camera's settings like shutter speed, ISO setting, etc. Differe... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://regex.info/exif.cgi"
],
[
"http://regex.info/exif.cgi"
]
] | |
86gfoi | why do composers use the note cb when they could just use b? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/86gfoi/eli5_why_do_composers_use_the_note_cb_when_they/ | {
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19,
3,
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2
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"text": [
"There are a few reasons to use the weirder notes like Cb, many of them about note/key relations, but that's getting into the weirder side of music theory. Here's a simpler exampl... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1mou5x | how is cities in the desert like las vegas (or dubai) is supplied in water? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1mou5x/eli5_how_is_cities_in_the_desert_like_las_vegas/ | {
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],
"text": [
"Las Vegas gets its water from the Colorado River which, in turn, is fed by snow melt and precipitation from other--less arid--regions in the Rockies.\n\nLA ge... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catskill_Aqueduct",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Aqueduct"
],
[],
[
"http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/rivers-run-dry/"
],
[],
[
"http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/uae-s-largest-power-and-desalination-plant-ope... | ||
z8kjc | Historically, What Are Some Examples of Market Failures? Did Gov'ts Respond to These Failures? | See _URL_0_ for a general definition of what I'm referring to.
I know in undergrad, one of my professors argued that the American rail transport system in the late 19th and early 20th centuries constituted a clear market failure and that it took extensive legislation and "trust-busting" presidents like TR and Taft to ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/z8kjc/historically_what_are_some_examples_of_market/ | {
"a_id": [
"c62h0ac",
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"To refer to your professor's specific point: \n\nIn the post-Reconstruction era, where western expansion was largely driven by the production and building of railways, the government looked favorably upon expansion. The gove... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_Failures"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Railroad_Acts"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulip_mania",
"http://www.econ.ucla.edu/thompson/Document97.pdf"
]
] | |
1hkode | What barriers prevent t cell depletion to eliminate HIV? [medicine] | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1hkode/what_barriers_prevent_t_cell_depletion_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"cavaqpj",
"cavgbv5"
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"I am not sure which case you are referencing but here is what I am aware of.\n\nUsually to get rid of all of the T cells you would have to irradiate the source of such cells (dialysis or cell sorting does not work in these c... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.nature.com/news/stem-cell-transplants-may-purge-hiv-1.13297"
],
[]
] | ||
t4y07 | how are the version numbers of patches and software decided? | For istance we've got Battlefield 2 with its first patch 1.45 and second patch 1.50. How does it work when diciding upon the patch number? Why skip the first 45 decimals, and after that, only five? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/t4y07/eli5_how_are_the_version_numbers_of_patches_and/ | {
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Well *usually* you just go 1.44, 1.45, 1.46 etc. However, if it's a major release, developers will often push it to more of a landmark, such as 1.50. \n\nAlso, the 1.46-1.49 may ha... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
dpgmty | why do lady bugs gather in corners on the wall? | Every fall I notice groups of lady bugs congregate in one or two corners up high on the wall. I just cleaned up 5 of them that were in the high corner in my bedroom all huddled together for a couple days without moving. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dpgmty/eli5_why_do_lady_bugs_gather_in_corners_on_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"f5vffsm"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Their instinct as the temperatures get cooler is to climb up out of ground based danger and find a niche to hide in and go semi-dormant for the winter. In a room, a corner is about the best that they can do. Wasps, flies and many other insects do... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
lo4xv | What is the human body terrible at regenerating
properly? Is it related to complexity or just bad luck? | For example, humans can't regenerate limbs -- I always assumed that was because limbs are pretty complex; they've got nerves, skin, blood vessels, bone, all that jazz.
But we also can't regenerate hair follicles or nerves, apparently. What's up with that? They both seem like relatively simple things that we should be ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/lo4xv/what_is_the_human_body_terrible_at_regenerating/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2ua6xk",
"c2ua6xk"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Although I cannot remember the source as I read this a few years ago, it seems that mammals got all the capabilities needed to regenerate. From what I read it seems to be related to the immune system as it tends to prefer in... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
45i045 | How much mass must an object have to be an effective electrical ground? | For example, you can ground jumper cables on the frame of car, yet it is insulated from the actual ground. I'm guessing it depends on the voltage/amperage, but what exactly is the math involved? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/45i045/how_much_mass_must_an_object_have_to_be_an/ | {
"a_id": [
"czy66uf",
"czy6p6a",
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"score": [
3,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"I'm not 100% sure I understand your question. It has nothing to do with mass. It's about circuits. Current must always flow in a circuit. i.e. their must be a continuous loop of conductive material. The... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1hjf0b | amy's baking company | I didn't understand what it was about when it became popular awhile back and I still don't now. Could someone please explain to me what the whole ordeal is? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1hjf0b/eli5_amys_baking_company/ | {
"a_id": [
"cauwtdy",
"cauxj8n"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Gordon Ramsay had a show called kitchen nightmares where he approaches a restaurant that is failing or underperforming and attempts to fix the problems. The show is mediocre at best with the typical reality tv show bullshit... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XjgHEctcy0"
]
] | |
47cu77 | why has the price of meat increased so much over the past 10 years or so? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/47cu77/eli5_why_has_the_price_of_meat_increased_so_much/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0bz4yo",
"d0c1t2y"
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"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Feed has increased in price, transportation has increased in price, there is a lot more emphasis on humane raising of animals, which means more space, better feed, fewer antibiotics and hormones (more sick animals that can'... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1geprc | Does a photon with a specific wavelength have a constant energy ? | Speaking about this equation:E(eV)=1.24/λ(μm). If the answer is yes can't we say that time is a change on energy level ?
| askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1geprc/does_a_photon_with_a_specific_wavelength_have_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"cajhsuj"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"A photon with a specific wavelength has a specific energy, yes.\n\nAnd a photon with a constant wavelength has a constant energy.\n\nA *scale* of time can be defined using the frequency of the photons of a particular energy level transition. Sinc... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4m0eao | do your brain cells die and get replaced just like every other cell in your body? if so, how is the "data" held in these cells transferred so you do not lose everything you have learned/experienced? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4m0eao/eli5_do_your_brain_cells_die_and_get_replaced/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3rjc9a",
"d3rjywa",
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],
"score": [
3,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"First answer: \n\nThe human brain and spinal cord contain approximately 100 billion nerve cells. They are the only cells in the human body that do not regenerate. For example, human skin, liver and hear... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.ask.com/science/can-t-damaged-cell-brain-replaced-9356a3ee3ca9af35?qo=questionPageSimilarContent"
],
[],
[]
] | ||
1wti7m | What was the main goal of USSR Foreign policy during the interwar period? | This question mainly comes to mind, because I see things like the invasion of Poland in 1920, and then the forced (re)annexations of territory previously held by Russia before Brest-Litovsk, such as Ukraine/Lithuania/Finland (failed)/Estonia/etc and think that their main goal was reconquering what they had lost after W... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1wti7m/what_was_the_main_goal_of_ussr_foreign_policy/ | {
"a_id": [
"cf5f29d"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"At first, Soviet foreign policy in the interwar period had high expectations. The Bolsheviks, in their first years, acted deliberately provocatively. They exposed all Tsarist secret treaties, cut all legal ties with all other nations made by the ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_gold",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Rapallo%2C_1922#Text_of_agreement"
]
] | |
d5z6px | if plants can die from over watering how do they survive heavy rainfall during monsoon? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/d5z6px/eli5_if_plants_can_die_from_over_watering_how_do/ | {
"a_id": [
"f0ot6sh",
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"score": [
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6
],
"text": [
"The plants that are native to regions where heavy rainfall happens have adapted strategies to survive. Plants that can die from over watering are more likely to be from drier climates and don’t need as much water to flourish... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
33esbq | How did the Ottoman Empire become, from the most powerful state in the 16th Century Europe to the "sick man of Europe" in 3 centuries? What exactly went wrong? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/33esbq/how_did_the_ottoman_empire_become_from_the_most/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqkc21y",
"cqkn3iw",
"cqkq7xc"
],
"score": [
802,
47,
4
],
"text": [
"To understand its fall, you have to understand its rise. I don't usually like using the terms rise and fall with empires, but, it helps to divide the eras of growth and shrinking. It became the most ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
opxcg | When did human beings start exercising? | From an anthropological standpoint, when did humans start developing and using exercises to improve physical fitness? When did we discover that repetitive motion + resistance = growth? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/opxcg/when_did_human_beings_start_exercising/ | {
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"c3j471m",
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"c3j7sfc",
"c3j8903",
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"score": [
29,
179,
... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium_(ancient_Greece)"
],
[],
[
"http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/olympics/p/OlympicEvents.htm"
],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_club#cite_note-3"
],
[],
[],... | |
a21m4s | What happens to our stomach that makes us vomit when we eat too much food? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/a21m4s/what_happens_to_our_stomach_that_makes_us_vomit/ | {
"a_id": [
"eauwlpx"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Nursing student here! So the stomach has receptors on it that sense things like stretch/pressure as well as chemical changes, the receptors send signals to the brain, specifically to the chemoreceptor trigger zone and integrative vomiting center ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1qvres | Any good sources on Anatolian and Mesopotamian Bronze Age kingdoms (Hittites, Mitanni, etc.)? | Common print sources or free online sources preferred. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1qvres/any_good_sources_on_anatolian_and_mesopotamian/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdh5bbo",
"cdha22q"
],
"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"[The Eastern Mediterranean in the Age of Ramesses II](_URL_0_) is probably what you are seeking.",
"Trevor Bryce's The Kingdom of Hittites is also a good, readable overview of Hittite political history, although you woul... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.amazon.com/The-Eastern-Mediterranean-Age-Ramesses/dp/1444332201"
],
[]
] | |
1kjgqm | Why was olive oil such a big deal to ancient Minoans, Mycenaeans, and Greeks? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1kjgqm/why_was_olive_oil_such_a_big_deal_to_ancient/ | {
"a_id": [
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37,
16,
37,
2,
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"text": [
"As with many crops, the land offers an ideal setting for the vegetation to grow.\n\nIt shows a marked preference for calcareous soil... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.sfakia-crete.com/sfakia-crete/olive.html",
"http://www.bioreference.net/encyclopedia/wikipedia/o/ol/olive.html"
],
[],
[
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17533893",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22419918",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_oil"
],
[
"http:/... | ||
miubz | If an alien with a wider range of vision came to Earth, would they be blinded by our radio waves? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/miubz/if_an_alien_with_a_wider_range_of_vision_came_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"c319q5j",
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"score": [
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28,
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"text": [
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyrin"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyrin"
]
] | ||
bx7or0 | how do restaurants determine menu prices? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bx7or0/eli5_how_do_restaurants_determine_menu_prices/ | {
"a_id": [
"eq43bbc",
"eq45wjl"
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"(generalizations get off my nuts this does not include elitist places or local markups)\nRent 5k\nElectricity 1k\n3 employees paid (monthly) 7k\nAverage cost to owner of example meal (nothing special) 4.00\nNot including any... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_accounting"
]
] | ||
1kxpaz | Does the concept of physical beauty exist in the animal kingdom or is it all about non verbals? | As a self-defined ugly guy I sometimes wonder if it's all in my head and dictates my nonverbal behavior; making me undesirable to other the homo sapiens. Are there any studies on animal perception of beauty in the wild and/or in captivity? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1kxpaz/does_the_concept_of_physical_beauty_exist_in_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbtnrag",
"cbtvrqn"
],
"score": [
5,
3
],
"text": [
"You may want to look into sexual selection, specifically intersexual selection: _URL_0_\n\nSorry I cannot provide a more elaborate answer right now.",
"Many male animals use physical markers of beauty, like certain speci... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_selection"
],
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GgAbyYDFeg"
]
] | |
6nndlo | how do cellular providers give consistent bandwidth to multiple users at one time while my wireless router gets slowed down with multiple users? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6nndlo/eli5_how_do_cellular_providers_give_consistent/ | {
"a_id": [
"dkarf90",
"dkasenn"
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"score": [
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Your router has a set amount of bandwidth that it is getting from your internet provider, and a set amount of bandwidth the users on your end of the router can have in total.\n\nImagine you're distributing water. The pipe c... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
x5gfh | why does my throat hurt if i make certain sounds? | When I make some growling sounds, my throat starts to hurt. However, all I'm doing is passing air through tubes, so why does it hurt? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/x5gfh/why_does_my_throat_hurt_if_i_make_certain_sounds/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5jc0xl"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"The way you make sounds is passing air over vibrating vocal cords. When you make loud gutteral sounds your vocal cords have to work harder. They are like a muscle, if you work them too hard you can make them sore or even tear them. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
45bqxq | Why do new comets miss the sun? | A lump of rock out in the Ort cloud gets bumped, and the unrelenting pull of the sun's gravity draws it in.
After 10s of billions of miles of the sun trying to score a bullseye, how is it some actually miss and become a comet? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/45bqxq/why_do_new_comets_miss_the_sun/ | {
"a_id": [
"czwxqfn"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"The angular size of the sun when you are a comet in the Oort cloud is incredibly tiny. It's so small, that all things being equal, it's a little rather like throwing a dart and hitting a particular tiny ant or maybe even a grain of dust that's s... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2r9ef0 | if deleting a file on your computer doesn't actually delete it the how do anti virus programs delete viruses? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2r9ef0/eli5_if_deleting_a_file_on_your_computer_doesnt/ | {
"a_id": [
"cndop97",
"cndoqa9"
],
"score": [
2,
4
],
"text": [
"You don't need to delete a virus, you just need to stop it from running, and stop it from re-running. That mostly means changing settings in your computer and ending processes.\n\nAnti-viruses DO delete the actual .exe file... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3x1f75 | why does higher quality sound feel more distant? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3x1f75/eli5_why_does_higher_quality_sound_feel_more/ | {
"a_id": [
"cy0ogps"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Haven't hear anyone describe it like that before. However, my best guess is that since the lower quality version is more heavily compressed, all the sounds sound more mashed together, whereas the less compressed (higher quality) version has more ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
f6ticy | How were British Germans/Japanese treated during World War Two in Britain? (Were they interned?) | Many people have heard of American internment camps for the Japanese after 1941, did the British have anything similar? If not, how were British Germans treated, did they lose any rights? Were they able to join the military?
Cheers for the help! | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/f6ticy/how_were_british_germansjapanese_treated_during/ | {
"a_id": [
"fi71d8d"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Yes, 'Enemy Aliens' were interned in Britain; see answers from myself and /u/Surprise_Institoris on [Were there ever internment camps during WWII in European allied countries, similar to the Japanese internment camps in the US?](_URL_1_) for some... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/royal-pioneer-corps",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/a7e4hf/were_there_ever_internment_camps_during_wwii_in/"
]
] | |
526x8f | how does something like samsung note 7 get through production and to consumers? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/526x8f/eli5how_does_something_like_samsung_note_7_get/ | {
"a_id": [
"d7htqbh"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"Under 40 units have actually caught fire out of the original 2.5 million units produced. That's around .0016%. Even the best QA processes can't expect to detect that percentage of defects."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
exbnxv | what happens in the body when you get diarrhea - the first stool is for the most part a solid mass, a short time later the second stool is a complete explosion, 95% liquid and seems like twice as much excretive material as the first? | Having recently had the experience of being ambushed by this explosive experience in a fast food restaurant, I wondered how it could have taken over my bowels so quickly and created so much liquid. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/exbnxv/eli5_what_happens_in_the_body_when_you_get/ | {
"a_id": [
"fg7ap09",
"fg7bp1o"
],
"score": [
2,
7
],
"text": [
"Your large intestine is the last stage of your body extracting goodness from your food - in its case water. The water should go in to your body. If there is a problem with your lower intestine, it won't take the water from ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
7h7dhf | why do we naturally bend our knees while trying to walk silently? | Hi there, just wondering why do we do this instinctively, and is it even effective? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7h7dhf/eli5_why_do_we_naturally_bend_our_knees_while/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqoprgv",
"dqor1gn"
],
"score": [
15,
2
],
"text": [
"When we bend our knees, we get more balance. That added balance gives us more control over our movements, which helps us take quieter steps. Try walking quietly without bending your knees, it's gonna be hard. And even if yo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1ihf8y | Question about the evidence for adaptation via natural selection | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ihf8y/question_about_the_evidence_for_adaptation_via/ | {
"a_id": [
"cb4gyt1",
"cb4heu0"
],
"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"Theodosius Dobzhansky once said \"Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution\" (1973) \n\nNatural Scientist here. \nThe evidence/proof exists in four (or five) areas.\n\nFossils, the fossil record is the... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1daor1 | How is gene therapy done? Do you change the genes of some cells in an area, or all? I don't get how a grown up human can get gene therapy, since there are so many cells! | I know that if you change the bone marrow you can fix problems related to it, but what about other things? Do you change the genes of some cells, and then wait for them to multiply and take over? Kill of the sick ones and let new ones slowly fix things up?
I don't get how the process is done to make people healthy w... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1daor1/how_is_gene_therapy_done_do_you_change_the_genes/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9okibb",
"c9olk77",
"c9on8js"
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"score": [
3,
7,
3
],
"text": [
"One of the biggest challenges of gene therapy is delivering the genes to the tissues. The only way it works is if you can get it into the majority of the cell types affected by the disease. If it o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/318/5858/1920.abstract"
],
[
"http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v28/n3/full/nbt.1610.html"
]
] | |
6djf35 | Is there a reason that the apple was chosen to represent the Garden of Eden's 'forbidden fruit' beyond random selection, and when did this tradition begin? Did apples have some pre-existing nefarious connotations in Early Christian populations? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6djf35/is_there_a_reason_that_the_apple_was_chosen_to/ | {
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"The visualization of an Apple as the \"forbidden fruit\" is largely a Western Christian iconography. In Eastern Christian and Jewish art, it is more usually depicted as a pomegranate, but sometimes a a bunch of figs or grapes. \n\nWhen Jerome (E... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
213i0z | Why was Angola such a big focus point during the Cold War and how did it affect South Africa? | I'm a South African, and I'd always hear my parents and other adults talk about the war in Angola as something very important that happened and that is was a big focus point during the Cold War and that many countries were involved in it.
I'd like to know why did a war specifically start in Angola(not a well-known co... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/213i0z/why_was_angola_such_a_big_focus_point_during_the/ | {
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"I think this is a strong post to answer your questions:\n\n_URL_0_",
"At the time of the conflict in Angola, S. Africa claimed what is now Namibia, and the rebels who were fighting for the independence of \"SW Africa\" o... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ygwub/cuba_and_angola_1970s/"
],
[]
] | |
5crqdp | if looks are subjective, why are the same people (like celebrities) considered attractive by so many people? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5crqdp/eli5_if_looks_are_subjective_why_are_the_same/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"There's the basic evolutionary stuff we're all born with that dictate who's \"beautiful\" based on preferred biological mating characteristics. A woman with good size breasts and hips is considered better from a biological stand point for procrea... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
o8im1 | why people say the u.s. invaded iraq for the oil? | I thought it was nationalized? If they didn't invade for the oil, like people say, then why did they? I'm read then it was proven Iraq had almost no connections to al-queda. Was it truly because Iraq was a dictatorship? Thanks. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/o8im1/eli5_why_people_say_the_us_invaded_iraq_for_the/ | {
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"text": [
"Halliburton is an oil company who won multi-million dollar contracts with the US military in Iraq. Dick Cheney w... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"www.commondreams.org/archive/2008/03/19/7760"
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[],
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wt99s | Aerographite is less dense than air. Why does it not float upwards? | Aerographite is the lightest solid on earth
aerographite = 0.18mg/cm^3
air = 1.275 mg/cm^3
*sources:*
_URL_0_
_URL_1_ | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/wt99s/aerographite_is_less_dense_than_air_why_does_it/ | {
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"It is very porous. What they measure and then display is the density of the material in vacuum I believe - an... | [] | [
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"http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=density+of+air+in+mg"
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[],
[],
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"http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-y16AHz2CfUI/Tmq8xAg0flI/AAAAAAAAFmo/b3LbSb8884Y/s1600/sa-scaffolding-home.jpg",
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"http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=density+of+helium+in+mg"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_wei... | |
itawx | Is there a list of affordable test/tests that can be done on well water to determine the presence or screen for contaminates in general? | I understand you can test for specific things (VOCs, nitrites/nitrates, bacteria etc.), but is there an affordable test/s that acts as a starting point for someone who is interested in knowing what's in their well water? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/itawx/is_there_a_list_of_affordable_testtests_that_can/ | {
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"c26h56w",
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"score": [
4,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Google resources for your local government. They will often provide testing, or at least information and where to go for testing for potential problems you may have in your area. The tests are usually r... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6nshm3 | Is there (or could there be) a star that is the size of our entire solar system? | Additional question: What known stars would engulf some of our planets if put in the position of our sun? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6nshm3/is_there_or_could_there_be_a_star_that_is_the/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The largest stars that we currently know of (such as UY Scuti, VY Canis Majoris, and KY Cygni) would reach past Jupiter, and possibly even make it to Saturn if you take the upper bounds of the size estimates. And as a reference, Jupiter is about... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2of73r | If spacetime is fundamental, then why does the SI system contain units for duration (in time) and distance (in space) instead of a unit for interval of spacetime? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2of73r/if_spacetime_is_fundamental_then_why_does_the_si/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"This is because SI is a general system meant to be useful to humans, but still have some systematic logic to it. Most scientists and people need not worry about spacetime intervals unless they're a physicist and even then unless they're working i... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
27bmf4 | if hair is supposed to be "dead", how does shampoo+conditioner+hair creams work in order to make "dull, life-ess hair" into smooth, shiny and silky? | I understand that hair is dead keratin biomaterial. But sometimes different aciditied (travelling to different countries) would make my hair really frizzy and rough as well as dull. Different shampoos/conditioners have different effects. Some work pretty well and other just suck. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/27bmf4/eli5if_hair_is_supposed_to_be_dead_how_does/ | {
"a_id": [
"chzaeax"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"You know how shoe polish and leather conditioner will make old shoes look new again while exposing them to water, mud, and sun light will make them deteriotr faster? Even though hair is not living, they could still benefit from adding more moistu... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
yznna | why do mushrooms grow so fast? | Last night there were no mushrooms in my front yard. It rained over the night and I just went outside to take out the trash and found there were mushrooms larger than soft balls less than 24 hours later. How is it possible for them to grow that fast?
Thank you in advance for the fast answers. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/yznna/why_do_mushrooms_grow_so_fast/ | {
"a_id": [
"c60ehk2"
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"text": [
"The cultivated mushroom as well as the common field mushroom initially form a minute fruiting body, referred to as the pin stage. Slightly expanded they are called buttons, because of the relative size and shape. This was their shape last night w... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6jai2s | how are some bathroom exhaust fans very powerful, yet virtually silent? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6jai2s/eli5_how_are_some_bathroom_exhaust_fans_very/ | {
"a_id": [
"djcty0h",
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"score": [
2,
2,
2
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"text": [
"There are two main ways to quiet a fan: design it better, and move the fan further away from the people.\n\nThe design includes things like the quality of the bearings, sound insulation on the housing, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
81m8ae | How do we know how a reaction takes place? | _URL_1_
Why does the right side carbon of the fat molecule attach to OH instead of the Na?
In this reaction, how do we know the above is true, instead of the following image? _URL_0_
In the second image, I just took the sodium from NaOH and attached it the the right side carbon group of the fat molecule. Then the OH... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/81m8ae/how_do_we_know_how_a_reaction_takes_place/ | {
"a_id": [
"dv4i1qy",
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"text": [
"Sodium doesn't want to form covalent bonds with other atoms: sodium has one extra electron in its outermost shell, and because of the octet rule, it's more stable without its electron. Covalent bonds give atoms access to mor... | [] | [
"https://imgur.com/a/aMidY",
"http://nsb.wdfiles.com/local--files/c-9-5-5-1/Screen%20Shot%202011-10-09%20at%2011.29.23%20PM.png"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
ap6xql | what caused chinese people to be really good at table tennis (ping pong) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ap6xql/eli5_what_caused_chinese_people_to_be_really_good/ | {
"a_id": [
"eg65xta"
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Decades of practice. Communist forces in the Chinese Civil War, circa 1930, were particular fans of the game, and it was likely promoted among the country as a way of celebrating individual achievement as a product of national unity.\n\nThat is t... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1urzp7 | how does a space shuttle can stop, maneuver and link it to the space station in an environment free of air resistance? | I was thinking about it and realized that I don't really understand how a space shuttle can stop the inertial force when it's already in the vacuum of space. And it gets even more confusing to see how perfectly they maneuver it and put it together with all the other coupling parts. How is it possible in the space? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1urzp7/eli5_how_does_a_space_shuttle_can_stop_maneuver/ | {
"a_id": [
"cel3i6z",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It doesn't \"stop\", it just matches the motion of the station. They have little maneuvering thrusters that allow it to change its speed/orientation a little bit.",
"To move in the vacuum of space, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
bml9th | Can or do we think with the 'brain' in our stomach(enteric nervous system)? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bml9th/can_or_do_we_think_with_the_brain_in_our/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Not really, the enteric nervous system is autonomic, which means it functions without any concious input or output, and it's mostly made up of sensory and transmission neurons so shoulnt be capable of spontaneous signal generation, but there is ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7x6w9o | how were scientists able to take a photo of an atom? | Based upon the post [here.](_URL_0_) There were a lot of technical responses, but could somebody ELI5 how this was possible? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7x6w9o/eli5_how_were_scientists_able_to_take_a_photo_of/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"They took a slow exposure of a single atom that was emitting its own light. The slow exposure allowed it to capture lots of light that came from the single atom.\n\nThis is similar to how we take bett... | [] | [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/interestingasfuck/comments/7x4o27/picture_of_a_single_atom_wins_science_photo/?st=JDL55CN0&sh=cc22a7fa"
] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_(atoms)"
]
] | |
cjhztd | why do laser beams have "brighter dots"? | While using one of those green lasers in the dark I noticed some "brighter dots" in the beam, what is causing that? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/cjhztd/eli5_why_do_laser_beams_have_brighter_dots/ | {
"a_id": [
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3
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"text": [
"The light is striking dust and other particulate matter in the air and therefore being scattered/reflected. Some gets reflected toward your eyes so you perceive those spots as brighter.",
"these are called \"speckles\" ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1eoato | Questions about FMRI, brain scans, and solving problems | I've dug around a bit, but don't feel like I've found the answers for what I'm looking for.
Consider a very complex problem, that requires a lot of variables to be manipulated in memory:
- an architect coming up with the initial design for a building (client's wishes, building requirements, structural stresses, mate... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1eoato/questions_about_fmri_brain_scans_and_solving/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The basic answer is a lot of the brain is active, some of it having to do with specific nature of the problem (e.g., visual areas if the problem requires a lot of visual imagination), and some not. \n\nThe basic type of problem-solving that I thi... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3ve09j | Why do skills and strengths atrophy if they aren't put to regular use? | Why do we need regular training to keep our bodies and minds working in peak condition? I'd understand if we didn't have enough resources for our bodies and our brains had to get rid of unnecessary things. But if we have enough for our bodies to be comfortable, why aren't we designed so that when we achieve some phys... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3ve09j/why_do_skills_and_strengths_atrophy_if_they_arent/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxnconh",
"cxnd7bw"
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"score": [
3,
3
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"text": [
"Because as much as you say we may be comfortable, your brain stores billions of memories everyday. \n\nIf you stop, for example, playing a piece of music, you may forget how, as your brain thinks you won't need it anymore.\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1drr4q | Hypothetically, how small could a human being be? | It's kind of like "Honey I Shrunk the Kids". At what point would a human being not be large enough to function? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1drr4q/hypothetically_how_small_could_a_human_being_be/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Assuming you reduced the number of cells, instead of breaking physics, probably the same as the smallest extant mammals: a couple inches tall and weighing a few grams. The smallest bats, rats, shrews, etc, have all the same body systems as humans... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
116of3 | can someone explain to me why high-frequency trading is allowed? is there some economic benefit? | See this story - _URL_0_
How does HFT contribute to the economy beyond the investment banks? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/116of3/eli5_can_someone_explain_to_me_why_highfrequency/ | {
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2
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"text": [
"What do you mean, \"allowed\"? Why would the default be not allowing it?",
"The argument in their defense is liquidity. Open markets are how capitalism decides how useful capital will flow to source... | [] | [
"http://www.cnbc.com/id/49333454"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
ads08c | musicians and people who understand sound, why is it so much easier to tune an instrument up from below the desired note, even if the problem is that it's pitched too high/sharp? | I used to think this was because it was easier to control tightening than loosening a string, however my experience is the same with the fine tune pitch control on synthesizers. As with guitar, even if it is sharp I have to tune it down then back up to get it right. My partner says she has the same experience. Why is t... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ads08c/eli5_musicians_and_people_who_understand_sound/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The more tense the strings are, the more they resist additional tension. But when tuning down there are metastable States where in the string is not loosened as much as turning the key would imply. As a result it is difficult to hit the exact rig... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3qf2o4 | How do bridges stay standing when they are located over a body of water that freezes over every winter? | I saw a picture of the Mackinac Bridge as it spanned a frozen Lake Michigan. How does the pressure from the ice not break or warp the concrete? So I have recently moved to Michigan from Florida and this may be normal education for people up north but it is something that they do really teach in the south.
Original po... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3qf2o4/how_do_bridges_stay_standing_when_they_are/ | {
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8,
3
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"text": [
"For static ice, it's not really an issue because the ice is much weaker than the bridge. Federal bridge guidelines specify 100 - 400 psi as the ice crush strength, whereas concrete compressive strength... | [] | [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/pics/comments/3qd80l/a_new_perspective_of_a_bridge/"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
9giwk2 | Did China ever attempt to influence or vassalize Japan? | China famously expanded its territory and influence past its borders and into northern Vietnam, Korea and what's now Russia over its history.
Did any Chinese Emperor ever attempt to influence / vassalize Japan?
Japan was influenced heavily by China, their writing system and much of their government (as far as I'm a... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9giwk2/did_china_ever_attempt_to_influence_or_vassalize/ | {
"a_id": [
"e66cd3a"
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"score": [
4
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"text": [
"Yes. The way the tributary system works is that China demands acknowledgement of China as superior from foreign states before any formal relations can begin. The tributary state will then send tribute to China in return for China to acknowledge t... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3s4zph | why don't video games come out when they're finished? | Fallout 4 and every other game I want makes me ask this question everytime.
-When I mean "finished" I'm referring to the content on the game copies sent to stores and what is pre-downloaded through steam or xbox live. Not day 1 patches. The stores have the copies. The marketing for Fallout 4 or Halo 5 was well comple... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3s4zph/eli5_why_dont_video_games_come_out_when_theyre/ | {
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6,
22,
2,
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"text": [
"Because that would mean there is no time to do a successful marketing campaign that makes sure that the intended target audience not only knows that the game is coming out, but is... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2f5o7q | When a drop of water lands in a pond it creates smaller and smaller drops, how small do those drops get? | gif of it happening. _URL_0_ | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2f5o7q/when_a_drop_of_water_lands_in_a_pond_it_creates/ | {
"a_id": [
"ck67yk6"
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"score": [
690
],
"text": [
"Perhaps, rather surprisingly this effect has received significant attention. It turns out that contrary to our intuition, when a drop of a fluid is dropped unto a bulk surface of the same volume, the drop does not immediately coalesce into the ... | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/tQEHdYv.gif"
] | [
[
"http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.177801",
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZ5ZLPWasrM"
]
] | |
osgjy | Is a scientific theory speculation? | Someone keeps telling me a theory is just speculation. I don't believe that is the case. Can askscience weigh in? Maybe with some credible sources? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/osgjy/is_a_scientific_theory_speculation/ | {
"a_id": [
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3
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"text": [
"In science, there is a really big difference between Theory, as in Scientific Theory and theory which is what you'd use in everyday language. Let me illustrate this:\n\n > The roof is leaking, my theory is there is a hole ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1n4qra | How were Homer's poems transmitted down to us? | Wikipedia tells us that, "Peisistratos... is believed to have established a Commission of Editors of Homer to edit the text of the poems and remove any errors and interpolations, thus establishing a canonical text" in the 5th century BCE. Assuming Homer "composed" the *Illiad* and *Odyssey* in the 8th century BCE, how ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1n4qra/how_were_homers_poems_transmitted_down_to_us/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccfi1mb",
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10
],
"text": [
"Ah the transmission of the Homeric material. Here's an*extremely* inadequate summary--understand that this is a question that has been debated since antiquity and can never be properly answered. The first thing to understan... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1656hu/did_the_iliad_change_much_or_at_all_over_time/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/theory#wiki_survival_of_sources_from_antiquity",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/v3y48/how_were_the_works_of_homer_received_in_their... | |
4dz9oh | Why didn't many people evacuate Hiroshima and Nagasaki after the warning leaflets were dropped? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4dz9oh/why_didnt_many_people_evacuate_hiroshima_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"d1vsttf",
"d1vx9u6"
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"score": [
299,
34
],
"text": [
"There were no warning leaflets dropped on these cities warning of the atomic bomb attacks. At least, not until after the attacks (Nagasaki got warning leaflets the day _after_ it was nuked). The notion that they were so w... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://blog.nuclearsecrecy.com/2013/04/26/a-day-too-late/"
],
[]
] | ||
89w5du | why are chocolate stains so hard to get out while other stains aren't? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/89w5du/eli5_why_are_chocolate_stains_so_hard_to_get_out/ | {
"a_id": [
"dwu72wu"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Part of it is that chocolate is super dark, of course. It's also ground very fine too make, so it gets everywhere. And the bits that are not tiny teeny chocolate powder are brown cacao oil. So you've got those three things (each of them a hard ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2q0jzs | Is the speed of sound a relative measurement? | For example, the sound barrier is broken by a jet flying in the same direction as the earth's rotation, does the rotation speed effect to the speed needed break the sound barrier?
Edit: I'm on mobile so I don't know how to mark it answered but thank you everyone for the help! | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2q0jzs/is_the_speed_of_sound_a_relative_measurement/ | {
"a_id": [
"cn1ps20"
],
"score": [
43
],
"text": [
"The speed of sound, or of any mechanical wave that travels in a medium (*ie*, not including light) is with respect to the medium. In your example, all that matters is the speed of the plane through the air."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7ta03d | why do frozen objects stick to our skin? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7ta03d/eli5_why_do_frozen_objects_stick_to_our_skin/ | {
"a_id": [
"dtb10a2"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Ice adheres to things it freezes on. If you want an example, add a drop of water to a piece of plastic, let it freeze, and then turn the plastic upside down: the ice is stuck to it.\n\nWhen you touch your tongue to something really cold the moist... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1coj23 | What happens to a fan in space? | I'm guessing, the fan will not move any matter, as it would be in the vacuum of space. What happens to the energy transferred to the spinning of the blades and friction caused by components? Just a thought that has a coworker and I curious. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1coj23/what_happens_to_a_fan_in_space/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9ihujz",
"c9ii2l1"
],
"score": [
3,
13
],
"text": [
"The heat due to friction will dissipate via radiation which doesn't require matter as a medium.\n\n",
"I like /u/iorgfeflkd's answer \"it spins.\" But if you wanted more detail:\n\nThe load on the fan will be lower, si... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1jcddl | why when you are depressed alls you want to do is do stuff that makes you even more depressed? | Why is it when you're depressed you don't want to do anything at all, or do things that make you even worse? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1jcddl/why_when_you_are_depressed_alls_you_want_to_do_is/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbddp7l"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Everybody likes to be right about stuff. It's that good feeling you get when you say Told you so! I saw that coming! Knew it right from the start!\nSo, let's say you're depressed, feeling not just sad but empty, as if you could never feel another... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2585rd | Reasoning behind methods of solving Differential Equations, asking about the WHY and HOW it works?? | I'm a pretty newby calculus student and during my Calc 4 class we learned how to apply Laplace transforms to easily solve many differential equations. My questions lies not in the application but in the theory behind it, and WHY exactly doing what seems likes voodoo to the equation can so simply yield the correct answe... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2585rd/reasoning_behind_methods_of_solving_differential/ | {
"a_id": [
"cher69g",
"cherldq",
"cherxr6",
"chevaoz",
"chf07nv"
],
"score": [
11,
5,
2,
8,
2
],
"text": [
"The problem with solving differential equations is that the method of actually solving each equation is usually case specific. Up to this point in your mathe... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
29qzg1 | Was is theoretically possible for a freed slave or other person of color in 18th/19th-century America to become a slave owner? Did it ever happen? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/29qzg1/was_is_theoretically_possible_for_a_freed_slave/ | {
"a_id": [
"cio2oxe"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Yes! Numerous free slaves actually became slave owners themselves. For example, [William Ellison](_URL_1_) a former slave owned 60 slaves, and supported the confederacy. 'Mulattos', a person of color who was fair-skinned enough to pass for white ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.uwec.edu/geography/ivogeler/w188/south/charles/charles3.htm",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Ellison"
]
] | ||
jn17h | Can you 'create' a lichen in a lab? | I know that a lichen is just a symbiotic fusion of algae and fungi, but if I were to take the algae and fungi in a lab setting, under the right conditions, could I make a lichen? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jn17h/can_you_create_a_lichen_in_a_lab/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2di15n",
"c2di15n"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Only certain species of fungi are adapted to form lichens with algae - the symbiosis usually entails a high degree of morphological and ecological specialization on the part of the fungus. Most such fungi are ascomycetes, bu... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1vlc10 | how can i watch an hd video link intently on my phone but a gif can take anything up to a minute to fully load? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1vlc10/how_can_i_watch_an_hd_video_link_intently_on_my/ | {
"a_id": [
"cete56c",
"ceteam5",
"cetf19h"
],
"score": [
14,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Enter [gfycat!](_URL_0_)\n\n > We built gfycat to solve a problem: gifs are awesome... but they suck. They are huge, slow, CPU burning, limited to the color space of 1987, they don't stream, and they c... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://gfycat.com/about"
],
[],
[]
] |
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