q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2mx783 | Could a diamond withstand an atomic bomb? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2mx783/could_a_diamond_withstand_an_atomic_bomb/ | {
"a_id": [
"cm94yvd"
],
"score": [
6
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"text": [
"Diamonds are flammable. They cant even withstand a blowtorch. They're just carbon. They are very hard and can deal with a great amount of mechanical force, but fire will chemically consume the carbon very easily."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1yb5df | what will actually happen in the event of a financial collapse? | Will we lose our savings? People are talking about how one just might be on its way. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1yb5df/eli5_what_will_actually_happen_in_the_event_of_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfixqc3",
"cfiy92q",
"cfj0vfk"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Think of it like this. no money means no jobs, Jobs like growing food, Driving busses, Police.",
"The collapse of modern society.",
"Credit will dry up in a financial collapse, causing banks to ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
5x6th4 | where did the king of England live before the first Palace of Westminster was built? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5x6th4/where_did_the_king_of_england_live_before_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"degkkbz"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"In the royal palace at Winchester, which was near the cathedral. Winchester was the capital of late Anglo-Saxon England, having previously been the capital of Wessex. Winchester was also the home of the treasury, the royal workshops and the offic... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
twfkt | What is the ecological function of the average yellowjacket wasp? Does their existence have any positive benefits? | Bees might be scary sometimes, but we all know that bees basically make it so flowers and food can grow. What does a wasp do? Do wasps have any purpose beyond making more wasps? Do they accomplish something in the grand scheme of nature that isn't apparent?
What do they do other than fuck shit up?
| askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/twfkt/what_is_the_ecological_function_of_the_average/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4qb6qn",
"c4qb9r2"
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"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"No living thing has an 'ecological function', i.e. they're not designed to do a job. Organisms fill ecological niches, but they do so for their own benefit, or, if you like, the benefit of their DNA. Even then, I am oversimp... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
eumel7 | what does it mean when a gamer refers to the metas of a game or the meta in a game? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eumel7/eli5_what_does_it_mean_when_a_gamer_refers_to_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"ffq61x6",
"ffq714u",
"ffq85ji"
],
"score": [
9,
12,
2
],
"text": [
"It refers to the current widely accepted “good” strategies of play. These sometimes change with patches or new gameplay techniques developed by those who play at the highest level.",
"“Meta” isn’t ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata?wprov=sfti1"
],
[]
] | ||
3x8a3k | What is the general historical consensus on Henry Clay and any good book recommendations? | I like the idea of "the great compromiser" but I know he owned slaves and couldn't win the presidency if his life depended on it. How do historians look at him and his legacy? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3x8a3k/what_is_the_general_historical_consensus_on_henry/ | {
"a_id": [
"cy2fqus"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Of course, it's very risky to try to say anything good about a slaveholder. But if you accept the premise that the Civil War was better being fought in 1860 than in 1825, Clay does deserve some credit. Without the Missouri Compromise, the south... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
pbutq | Has the discovery that the Universe's rate of expansion is accelerating disproven the Big Crunch theory? | Because astrophysicists have realized that the expansion of our Universe isn't slowing down as previously thought, does this mean that our expansion will be infinite, or can there still be some limiting factor to the expansion? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/pbutq/has_the_discovery_that_the_universes_rate_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3o402y",
"c3o40cq",
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],
"score": [
5,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"not *disproven* per se, but yeah, it seems to strongly indicate that Big Crunch won't happen.",
"Because Dark Energy (which is driving the increasing rate of expansion of the Universe) isn't yet ful... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0409264"
],
[]
] | |
3e1ggv | why does milk expires when left in heat over time, but not when poured into hot drinks? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3e1ggv/eli5_why_does_milk_expires_when_left_in_heat_over/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctalz2q"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"bacteria likes to grow between 41-140 deg. F. more time in this \"danger zone\" means more bacteria, means you could potentially get sick."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
191mrx | what makes certain diseases like aids, diabetes, and cancer so difficult to cure? | These have been around for so long and a vast amount of research has gone into each I'm sure. What makes them so difficult to tackle? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/191mrx/eli5_what_makes_certain_diseases_like_aids/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8jyxko",
"c8jz8x4"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) attacks your immune system. It attacks the part of you that fights off diseases.\n\nDiabetes is a congenital condition. It is something determined by your genes. Diabetes is when your body do... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2p7iki | Why do rockets burn up when decelerating into the atmosphere but not when accelerating out of it? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2p7iki/why_do_rockets_burn_up_when_decelerating_into_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmudj74",
"cmug7o9"
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"score": [
13,
2
],
"text": [
"When a rocket is taking off from inside the atmosphere it starts stopped at ground level, where the air is most dense. Rockets also start of the heaviest before they take off, since they have the full amount of fuel. As the... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/sprint.htm"
]
] | ||
5ykh55 | what is a bank bail-in? how is it different than a bail out? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5ykh55/eli5what_is_a_bank_bailin_how_is_it_different/ | {
"a_id": [
"dequ3qi"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Bail-in means the money that has already been lent to the bank is used to save the bank, instead of from external sources such as the government, other countries, IMF/World Bank, taxpayers, new investors etc.\n\nIn a bail-in, essentially a bunch ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3khw5j | why do we have to think really hard to remember information if that information is in our head? how do we "find it"? | We all have those moments where we have to think really hard for a few seconds, minutes, or even hours to remember something. Eventually we remember it. If that information was in our head the whole time, why does it take so long to search for it? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3khw5j/eli5_why_do_we_have_to_think_really_hard_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"cuxldmo",
"cuxlh8f"
],
"score": [
3,
4
],
"text": [
"Perhaps someone knows more than I do about this, but I believe it has to do with neural pathways. As you collect thoughts for storage, your brain creates connections between thoughts. Like how when you think of eating eggs, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
ew0jyt | Does anyone have any explanation of the strange light emanating on the roof of the Hagia Sophia reported by the Ottomans and the Byzantines during the siege of Constantinople? | I learned of this from the Netflix series, the Rise of the Ottomans. Below is the clip.
[_URL_0_](_URL_0_)
& #x200B;
I cannot seem to find any naturalistic explanation to this. Further, both sides reported seeing this strange light emanating from the Hagia Sophia. This tells me it isn't mere legend. Didn't know if... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ew0jyt/does_anyone_have_any_explanation_of_the_strange/ | {
"a_id": [
"ffz6wko"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"What we have is a story conveyed by a single historian that would like to sell a book and no listed or spoken sources for this account. At least that’s all I can gather from this clip and the text associated with it. It is most likely an embellis... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-NM8RMra6Q"
] | [
[
"http://papers.cumincad.org/data/works/att/ijac20075207.content.pdf"
]
] | |
vk962 | why your eyes hurt when you look at a computer to long in the dark | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/vk962/eli5_why_your_eyes_hurt_when_you_look_at_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"c557vij",
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],
"score": [
5,
3,
7
],
"text": [
"Focusing your eyes at one distance for an extended period of time causes stress to your eyes.\n\nIn the dark, there isn't much else to look at, so your eyes don't look at the other stuff around the moni... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://stereopsis.com/flux/"
]
] | ||
1q6elx | Join us for our weekly in-character IAmA with Felix Klein, a German soldier who served on the Eastern Front, at 1:30 PM EST over at /r/HistoryNetwork | Hi everyone,
As mentioned in the title, we're having our weekly in-character IAmA over at /r/HistoryNetwork.
Our host will be portraying a German soldier who served on the Eastern Front in WWII. Specifically, this character entered the war in the 268th Infanterie-Division, and when it disbanded in '43, he volunteered... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1q6elx/join_us_for_our_weekly_incharacter_iama_with/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd9vjkx"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Apologies for the delay. I had to order the GRU official to temporarily release him for questioning. His papers were not in order it seems. "
]
} | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=%2Fr%2FHistoryNetwork",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/HistoryNetwork/comments/1q7106/hallo_my_name_is_felix_klein_and_i_was_a_soldier/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/HistoryNetwork/wiki/iama"
] | [
[]
] | |
yu6d6 | If serotonin and dopamine are the only reasons we feel 'pleasure', are there other chemicals that control or dominate 'fear' 'anger' 'pain' 'sadness' etc.? | And a follow up; if things like 5HTP or St. John's Wort can stimulate serotonin flow, are there other supplements that can decrease the "negative emotion" chemicals? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/yu6d6/if_serotonin_and_dopamine_are_the_only_reasons_we/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5yv40b",
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"score": [
71,
10
],
"text": [
"This is a ridiculously oversimplified way of looking at neurotransmitter function. And it's found everywhere, thanks to popular science articles with headlines about 'the pleasure molecule' or 'the motivation molecule'. ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22431634",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22321909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22884897"
],
[]
] | |
7ewwjh | what's the difference between uefi and bios? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7ewwjh/eli5_whats_the_difference_between_uefi_and_bios/ | {
"a_id": [
"dq80znr",
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"score": [
22,
12
],
"text": [
"UEFI is the replacement specification for BIOS - it does the same basic role of bootstrapping on launch, but BIOS has a host of technical limitations owing to the fact that the original specification is nearly 30 years old... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
yu70y | Is there any point in space where one can experience true zero-gravity, or are we always essentially under some gravitational influence? | I know that being in orbit around a planet would be considered micro-gravity and not technically zero-gravity, but considering that almost everywhere you go you would be under some sort of gravitational influence, is there anywhere that can truly be called "zero-gravity"? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/yu70y/is_there_any_point_in_space_where_one_can/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5yu9nl",
"c5yub2u"
],
"score": [
2,
8
],
"text": [
"No; there is no such thing as true zero-gravity.",
"This question has an answer that blew my mind when I learned it!\n\nYour answer comes from Newton's law of universal gravitation:\n\nForce of gravity = G * (m2 * m1) / ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_constant"
]
] | |
2wxvtm | why do jews and muslims seem to hate each other so much? is it a result of the palastine/israel conflict or are there issues stemming back further? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2wxvtm/eli5_why_do_jews_and_muslims_seem_to_hate_each/ | {
"a_id": [
"cov4twl",
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"score": [
2,
12,
2,
5
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"text": [
"Depends how far back in history you want to go. As the story goes God told Abraham that his son would be the first of a great nation, but he had no kids and his wife was 80, so he... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishmael",
"https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=genesis+17&version=NIV"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2n9gsv | Has Capitalism and Communism always had such an antagonistic relationship? | I was wondering if Capitalism and Communism have always been systems whose adherents are always at war? When was the first instance of a conflict between the two?
As an add-on, what was the earliest switch between systems and what was the most peaceful switch between systems? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2n9gsv/has_capitalism_and_communism_always_had_such_an/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmbr9zg"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"It's important to note that communist theory was born out of the first industrial revolution. The growth of factories and the ways in which labor was used by those in power gave rise to the ideas that Marx, Engels, and others put to paper. Petite... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
fw3wrk | When the Great Depression is discussed, it is often to describe the impact it had on the United States and Western Europe. What effects did the Great Depression have on the rest of the world - Eastern Europe, Latin America, Asia and the African colonies? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/fw3wrk/when_the_great_depression_is_discussed_it_is/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
6,
30,
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"text": [
"While you wait for fresh answers from qualified experts, you may be interested in [this previous response](_URL_0_) that specifically deals with the effects on African colonies, provided by /u/Commust... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/df18x3/how_did_the_great_depression_affect_countries/f34hb8q/"
],
[],
[
"https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/df18x3/how_did_the_great_depression_affect_countries/f34hb8q/"
]
] | ||
2d52fq | why is electricity the most commonly used power to make machines work? | I guess steam can be used as well. But what other forms of powering machines are there? And how efficient?
How different would it all be if electricity wasn't used, but one of the alternative ones instead? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2d52fq/eli5_why_is_electricity_the_most_commonly_used/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"imagine the amount of pipe it would take to furnish a city block with steam to run appliances today, not to mention the heat the pipes would give off. water wheels were used a lot before electricity, ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TBqNxXlJxHA",
"http://www.notechmagazine.com/category/water-powered-machines",
"http://explorepahistory.com/displayimage.php?imgId=1-2-FB9"
],
[],
[]
] | |
2jyapo | why is it totally ok and expected to haggle some items (like cars and apparently mattresses), while others have a fixed price? why can't we haggle the price of chips or an iphone? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2jyapo/eli5_why_is_it_totally_ok_and_expected_to_haggle/ | {
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"clgp867"
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"score": [
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3,
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"text": [
"You're more than welcome to try, but for pretty... | [] | [] | [
[],
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1x1epk | How did drive-in movie theaters get away with showing R and X-rated movies on giant outdoor screens in the 1960s and 70s? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1x1epk/how_did_drivein_movie_theaters_get_away_with/ | {
"a_id": [
"cf7a0b1"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Most screens were angled away from roads and neighborhoods. Also some would utilize trees, usually evergreens so they wouldn't shed their cover in the winter, as hedges to block the view. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7gjft0 | why is there turkey bacon but no chicken bacon? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7gjft0/eli5_why_is_there_turkey_bacon_but_no_chicken/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqjk9bx",
"dqjka6i"
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"score": [
17,
2
],
"text": [
"Bacon is, by definition, strips of cured meat from the belly of a pig. Turkeys aren't pigs, so there's actually no such thing as turkey bacon. Turkey bacon is pseudo-bacon. It is an abomination.",
"They do have it, I do... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3adnqo | why do human beings keep fighting wars? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3adnqo/eli5why_do_human_beings_keep_fighting_wars/ | {
"a_id": [
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"csbobb7",
"csbpfvy"
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4,
2,
2,
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2,
2
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"text": [
"Humans have *always* fought. It appears that a tendency for groups to fight each other is built into human nature.\n\nMost often, fight... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
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] | ||
2b6py6 | why is it regular coke called coca-cola but diet coke is just diet coke? | Thanks. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2b6py6/eli5_why_is_it_regular_coke_called_cocacola_but/ | {
"a_id": [
"cj2beza"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Because that's the brand that the company decided to brand it under. That's their decision to make. Diet Coca-Cola isn't a very catchy name. It's pretty long and cumbersome, but Diet Coke is short and memorable.\nThey want to reserve the \"Flagsh... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
asn2cg | does your stomach "digest" water? | I know your intestines pretty much absorb water as is - no need for enzymes etc. But does your stomach do anything when you drink a glass of water? Does it automatically release stomach acid? If not, how does it know the difference between water and say soup? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/asn2cg/eli5_does_your_stomach_digest_water/ | {
"a_id": [
"egvcrvg",
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"score": [
2,
3
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"text": [
"Firstly you know the difference between water and soup and can taste the difference. Your body is able to pick up on signals from your brain. This is what the famous experiments by Pavlov using dogs were demonstrating. In ad... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
358sml | why are the tips of all the scissors in my office magnetized? | I randomly noticed today that the scissors on my desk picked up a safety pin like a magnet earlier today. Tested 3 other pairs from 3 other offices, all different brands, and the same thing happened. No one has other magnets anywhere near the scissors. What's going on here? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/358sml/eli5_why_are_the_tips_of_all_the_scissors_in_my/ | {
"a_id": [
"cr2hvin"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"A lot of scissors are sold magnetized, to make it easier to pick up pins, needles, etc. with them.\n\nOthers become magnetized by being stored near magnets, magnetic tools such as screwdrivers, or simply by being in magnetic fields. \n\nA steel ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1aqcr7 | Myths of latin America independece wars | A colombian historian friend of mine told me that in most cases the independece wars in Latin America came as a rebelion to the french impossed king in Spain instead of a true rebelion against the spanish crown. Is it true? What other myths regarding the independence of Latin America do you know? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1aqcr7/myths_of_latin_america_independece_wars/ | {
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"text": [
"YEs this is true. Napoleon conquered Spain in the early 1800s. HE imposed his cousin as the new king of Spain. This led to a rebellion against the new king ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
8eutty | The Habsburg and Bourbon dynasties seem to have dominated kingdoms and dukedoms of Europe for hundreds of years. Were they successful for similar reasons and to what extent was there an ongoing rivalry between the two? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8eutty/the_habsburg_and_bourbon_dynasties_seem_to_have/ | {
"a_id": [
"dxzxuod"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The Habsburgs were successful because they produced heirs and formed political alliances through marriage across Europe. Their dominance over Europe and their colonial possessions in America gave rise to the (often recycled) phrase: \"the sun nev... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2wi6ed | why is the community in league of legends so toxic and hostile 89% of the time? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2wi6ed/eli5_why_is_the_community_in_league_of_legends_so/ | {
"a_id": [
"cor2n0u",
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"score": [
3,
7,
3
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"text": [
"It's part and parcel with any game with a large enough fan base. A prime example is Call of Duty. Most people play that game on Xbox and Playstation, so therefore you are much more likely to encounter a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
8rhzih | why are there people able to eat several burgers, pizza, and more food afterwards and still be fine without feeling like throwing up? | _URL_0_
here is a thin looking man devouring a table of food that could serve a house party. How does he train his stomach to do that?
If I eat only slightly more food than I could eat, there would be acid in my mouth and unpleasant taste lingering from indigestion | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8rhzih/eli5_why_are_there_people_able_to_eat_several/ | {
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"Taken from \"and then you're dead\" - Cody cassidy & Paul doherty- about eating a lot of cookies like cookie monster:\n\nFirst, a thin physique helps. E... | [] | [
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[],
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24ps9a | what are the dangers/benefits of having a low birthrate and a large percentage of your population over the age of 65? | _URL_0_
After reading this article I realized that the tone of the article was suggesting this was a very negative thing. I would think that with limited resources, especially in a small island country like Japan, this situation would be ideal rather than something to be “warned” about or feared. Can someone explain wh... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/24ps9a/eli5what_are_the_dangersbenefits_of_having_a_low/ | {
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"People over 65 generally work (much) less than young people. But, they consume much, much more of a country's social services, like hea... | [] | [
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"http://www.prb.org/images13/germany_pyramid_2011.png"
]
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g0pgaf | how was experimental cgi rendered before the mid-eighties? | I've always been fascinated with computers from long before my time. 1980s CG animation in particular is something I've always found oddly soothing. But a lot puzzles me about how it worked. How were things like [Carla's Island](_URL_0_) made as early as 1981? If I were working as an animator at the time, what kind of ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/g0pgaf/eli5_how_was_experimental_cgi_rendered_before_the/ | {
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"Those images were animated one frame at a time in a supercomputer at LLNL. Computers in 1980's were capable of working in 3D, just not in real time (I was at SIGGraph in 1980). Essentially you figured out each voxel (3D pi... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CUloIyGMM2A"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2xpli5 | Do lightning rods really work? | I just read this and it says "[Meh... maybe, kinda?](_URL_0_)?"
Can I get some other opinions because all my life I have believed in them and I want to know if I was putting my faith in a false idol like I did in my Milli Vanilli phase. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2xpli5/do_lightning_rods_really_work/ | {
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"text": [
"Lightning rods work to reduce damage and injury by lightning, rather than reduce lightning altogether.\n\nLightning is going to strike regardless. The purpose of lightning rods is to attract lightning to it, and then guide it to the ground with a... | [] | [
"http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2286/do-lightning-rods-really-work"
] | [
[]
] | |
13ac6b | Question about the sale of commissions | If I understand correctly, in most western militaries in (roughly) the 17th-19th centuries, commissions as officers were literally sold for money. How exactly did that work? Would it be a fixed cost if I wanted to be a lieutenant, a higher one if I wanted to be a colonel? Were qualifications taken into account at all? ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13ac6b/question_about_the_sale_of_commissions/ | {
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I can speak towards one benefit of selling commissions: the system seems crazy, but it *always puts someone in command of the army that has a vested interest in the Status quo*. The Officers had to have a certain level of wealth to buy those shin... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
38n4i4 | what are the benefits that justify the u.s. military budget? | I can not seem to find an answer not bathed in political ideology.
If it is to get a technological advancement (like the F-35s ect.) why do we just sell them? Doesn't this just give away our advancement we spent a grand portion of our GDP on?
I am just looking to understand the benefits of this huge budget. It seems... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/38n4i4/eli5_what_are_the_benefits_that_justify_the_us/ | {
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" > If it is to get a technological advancement (like the F-35s ect.) why do we just sell them? Doesn't this just give away our advancement we spent a grand portion of our GDP on?\n\nNope, because they generally only get sold to nations that the U... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
msqji | how do drugs like meth and crack change someone's appearance? | Thank you all for your contribution! I will get to upvoting all of you... tomorrow. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/msqji/eli5_how_do_drugs_like_meth_and_crack_change/ | {
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48hfl8 | Why did so many cultures develop or widely adopt iron around the same time? | It seems like around 1200-1000BC, such a wide range of cultures moved into the Iron Age, from the Greeks to Mesopotamians to Indians and I've even read of iron smelting being used in Sub-Saharan civilizations (such as the Nok) starting around the time. I've heard of the Bronze Age collapse possibly caused by the myster... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/48hfl8/why_did_so_many_cultures_develop_or_widely_adopt/ | {
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"The process actually took a much longer time. We have evidence for iron being used deep into the 2nd milennium BC, but it remained a rarity / luxury for centuries. Perhaps this is because its manufacture and full potential was still poorly under... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3lr0n9 | Are there any particularly vivid contemporary account of ancients cities? | I'm interested in accounts by contemporaries of ancient cities such as Rome, Alexandria or Babylon (but I'm interested in anything). I'm hoping there are texts which get into what the different neighbourhood are like, what can be bought in the market, how many locals and how many foreigners are in the streets and stuff... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3lr0n9/are_there_any_particularly_vivid_contemporary/ | {
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"Yes, there are many.\n\n[Starting on page 251 of this book](_URL_1_) you'll find Herodotus's description of Babylon, written in the 4th Century BC.\n\nAlexandria was founded in the 3rd Century BC, and b... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://juliuscaesar.altervista.org/en/alewar_book.html",
"https://books.google.com/books?id=YyQTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA252&dq=herodotus+description+of+babylon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAmoVChMIp7zF8vmHyAIVBDKICh24ggfN#v=onepage&q&f=false"
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"http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/j... | |
i2h9c | If there is a such thing as a graviton, why do black
holes have a gravitational force? | If a photon cannot escape the gravitational pull of a black hole, why would a graviton be able to? How do proponents of the graviton reconcile a massless particle that can apparently escape a black hole? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i2h9c/if_there_is_a_such_thing_as_a_graviton_why_do/ | {
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"Before we knew about photons, we had a *classical* field theory of electromagnetism. Electric and magnetic fields exerted forces on objects that were charged and thus coupled to the field. And these cl... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/937/how-does-gravity-escape-a-black-hole",
"physics.stackexchange.com"
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] | |
31sqjp | why do dogs de-stuff their toys? | I've always thought it might be something instinctual (i.e, hunting, etc.) but watching my two dogs completely de-stuff two toys only to ignore all the stuffing and keep playing with the empty toy made me wonder if there's a simple explanation for the behavior. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/31sqjp/eli5_why_do_dogs_destuff_their_toys/ | {
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"Many dogs have their own version of canine OCD. Which is why you might observe them doing strange things, like chasing their own tails. \n\nOCD in dogs can often be attributed by not getting enough exercise or proper obedience training. This can ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7zmsop | Why does snow melt in the sunlight, even when the temperature outside is below freezing? | My first thought is that the sun is just a big ball of heat, but if the air temp is below freezing, how can the heat melt the snow? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7zmsop/why_does_snow_melt_in_the_sunlight_even_when_the/ | {
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"text": [
"Just a placeholder until someone better provides an answer:\n\nMajor forms of heat transfer are:\nConvection, conduction, advection, radiation.\n\nHeat going from the atmosphere to the snow would be generally be conduction ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
p74il | If you get all your daily nutritional value in one meal and don't consume anything for the rest of the day, is it bad for you? If so, why? | Can your body not sufficiently use all of that in one sitting? Will it store most of it instead? What exactly happens? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/p74il/if_you_get_all_your_daily_nutritional_value_in/ | {
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"text": [
"Some of the good stuff can't be stored by your body, and it's more about having a constant adequate supply over time than it is about getting your daily/weekly/annual amounts.\n\nImagine taking all your vitamins for the year... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2gzs61 | What exactly was the relation between the Greeks and Romans and the planets? | How did they know they were planets and not stars? Did they name them after their gods as an honor or as some sort of ritual practice? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2gzs61/what_exactly_was_the_relation_between_the_greeks/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"To the ancient Greeks and Romans, planets meant \"wandering stars\". That means that unlike all of the other stars, which moved together through the sky day by day, season by season, planets moved relative to all of the othe... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1k9ok6/did_ancient_greeks_know_that_olympos_was_the/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1iaxt2/what_was_the_relationship_between_ancient_greek/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2072w4/why_were_the_planets_named_after... | |
20itb2 | Usage of Spanish and Mexican currency in the US economy before the gold rush. | I am do a project about currency and had read about this, I had forgotten to cite it and now I can not find the info. So what was its importance and are there any good articles out there? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/20itb2/usage_of_spanish_and_mexican_currency_in_the_us/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"**Colonial**\n\nSpain had the greatest influence on American currency. Spain’s large supply of gold and silver made it the largest contributor of coinage to the territories that would become the United States. Gold issues were used by wealthier b... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www3.nd.edu/~rarebook/coins/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Sp-Cobs.intro.html"
]
] | |
bco898 | What led to the cognizance in the early 1950s that Rock and Roll was a new, distinct thing, and what distinguished it from its forerunners? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/bco898/what_led_to_the_cognizance_in_the_early_1950s/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"According to Marion Keisker, who worked for Sun Records during the 1950s, the label owner Sam Phillips constantly said words to the effect of \"if I could find a white man who had the Negro sound and the Negro feel, I could make a billion dollars... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8z8yp1/elvis_presley_was_famously_filmed_from_only_the/e2hajbz/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9mtwvq/what_would_be_rebellious_teen_music_in_the_1910s/e7hzgl1/",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r7M0CmkJ-2o",
"https://www.reddit.... | ||
27oc34 | Did any of the major scientist involved in Nuclear testing seriously believe it could have ignited the atmosphere? If so, why did they go forward with it? | I remember reading that 'some scientists' believed that a nuclear explosion could ignite the atmosphere (chain reaction of atomic explosions) and wipe out the whole planet. I'd like to believe that, being rational men, scientists would have disproved the possibility long before performing an experiment with such catast... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/27oc34/did_any_of_the_major_scientist_involved_in/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The idea was floated briefly in 1942 or so but it was not very hard to calculate that even with really optimistic assumptions about how such a reaction would propagate in the atmosphere, it would still cool down too fast to be of any consequence.... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://library.lanl.gov/cgi-bin/getfile?00329010.pdf"
]
] | |
2ljrf9 | why don't homeowners want their property value to lower? | Hear me out, but also know that I'm something of a financial ignoramus.
People are always stressing that the neighbor not watering his lawn or the vacant house down the street are lowering property values. And if you're looking to sell your house, that's something to stress over. But if you don't plan to sell your hou... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ljrf9/eli5why_dont_homeowners_want_their_property_value/ | {
"a_id": [
"clvggo8"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"You want your house to be worth more when you sell it than when you bought it."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
ohcc2 | why do most people think mammalian animals are cute/adorable but not other types of creatures (except for /r/whatsthisbug) | My wife and I are watching Planet Earth on TV and I'm curious why most humans feel a strong sentiment for other mammals? Is this just a cultural thing localized to Western societies? Does it span globally? I don't think I've ever seen a great explanation.
Thanks! | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ohcc2/eli5_why_do_most_people_think_mammalian_animals/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Its basically to do with our evolutionary need to look after our young. We're programmed to find small humans cute in order to make us protect them. This happens to such a degree that anything with similar features to babies (big head, small bodi... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.happynews.com/news/562009/why-baby-animals-cute.htm"
]
] | |
1z7z0u | why are graves dug 6' deep? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1z7z0u/why_are_graves_dug_6_deep/ | {
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1q7fh8 | What's the deal with Western Sahara? | Regarding the legality vs. day to day life of the typical western saharan. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1q7fh8/whats_the_deal_with_western_sahara/ | {
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"text": [
"The deal is that it was occupied by Morocco in 1975. Moroccans built a long berm (desert wall) and occupied everything west of it. Everything east of it is occupied by the effectively independent Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, but it's mostly ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flags_of_Morocco_and_the_SADR_over_Western_Sahara_map.png"
]
] | |
2wv75m | why are italian luxury goods far more ubiquitous worldwide than their normal goods? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2wv75m/eli5_why_are_italian_luxury_goods_far_more/ | {
"a_id": [
"coue2pd"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It's supply and demand. \n\nIf you're in some other country, you don't buy \"plain\" italian stuff because you have local and cheaper producers who make it, or can get it from China where the labour costs to manufacture stuff is really low and ke... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1c1kl3 | Wrist watches pre- and post-World War I | Today in my Military History class my professor mentioned that prior to WWI it would be rare to see a man in America wearing a wrist watch, and if you did you most likely question his orientation. He then explained how wrist watches were popular/necessary during fighting in Europe in order to properly time artillery st... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1c1kl3/wrist_watches_pre_and_postworld_war_i/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Unfortunately no proper sources so I'll delete this when a better answer comes along, but one of the descriptive plaques in the clock section of the British Museum describes the acceptance of wrist watches as a fashion. Prior to the war they were... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ps7k8 | What did other european countries think of Belgium after it was revealed what Leopold II had done in Kongo? | A follow-up question: did England consider this incident at all when they were contemplating whether or not to aid Belgium when Germany invaded them in 1914? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ps7k8/what_did_other_european_countries_think_of/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It certainly did not go over well. [This article](_URL_2_) has some information about the reaction of British humanitarians to the revelations of the abuses in the Congo. [Here](_URL_1_) is the text of Roger Casement's damn... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://archive.org/stream/abstractofreport00belgrich/abstractofreport00belgrich_djvu.txt",
"http://www.scribd.com/doc/181107527/Casement-Roger-The-Congo-Report",
"http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_colonialism_and_colonial_history/v011/11.1.pavlakis.html"
],
[]
] | |
vtdlc | Theoretically, if I were motionless and there was no force of gravity on me, would time stand still? | I might have some errors in thought. But it's my understanding the time is relative to gravity and speed and the time we experience is determined from the speed/force of gravity from the earth, as well as the gravity from the supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy and so on.. However, if I were to somehow ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/vtdlc/theoretically_if_i_were_motionless_and_there_was/ | {
"a_id": [
"c57gs3l"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Time would still move. Also you need to remember motion is relative, so you can be motionless to some objects, but not to others."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
23jbii | how did they figure out the shape of te continents before aviation? | Like for maps... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/23jbii/eli5_how_did_they_figure_out_the_shape_of_te/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
3,
4
],
"text": [
"Sailing around the edges and making detailed records. Some better than others. A lot of world maps look ridiculous in modern times, but size was a major issue before planes and satellites. Some very old maps of smaller areas... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
6nfpbj | why were white people taller than asians? does it have something to do with what they eat? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6nfpbj/eli5_why_were_white_people_taller_than_asians/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"In short, yes. After WW2, some Asian countries began to import meat and other foods, and saw a drastic increase in average height. Most people in Japan, for instance, relied on a diet of rice, with some occasional fish, pre-war. Think about how m... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
6n4wgo | I have recently become aware that Henry Kissinger is STILL one of America's top diplomats, even fifty years later. What is it about Kissinger that makes him this timeless advisor of Herculean proportions? | So I have this really brainy coworker who knows a butt load about history and he seems to know a bunch of Washington types and he said to me today that, "there are only really two diplomats working in the world that are truly elite - Lavrov and Kissinger."
I understand that this is probably an exaggeration, but my su... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6n4wgo/i_have_recently_become_aware_that_henry_kissinger/ | {
"a_id": [
"dk6vk3k"
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"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The thing about Kissinger and his association with Nixon is that Kissinger didn't go down with the proverbial Watergate ship. In the immediate years after Watergate Nixon was pretty much ostracised. It wasn't until the mid-eighties that Nixon slo... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5yeoln | why is it that with how advanced we've become technologically, we still cannot have peoples medical records be able to be transferred between all the doctors? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5yeoln/eli5_why_is_it_that_with_how_advanced_weve_become/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"- Who would be responsible?\n\n- How do you secure it?\n\n- How do you prevent misuse?\n\nThese are just some of the questions that are hard to answer before you can have an electronic patient file ",
"It's entirely poss... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
4y3bq4 | Why are the Russians preserving Lenins body? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4y3bq4/why_are_the_russians_preserving_lenins_body/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The decision to preserve and enshrine Lenin's corpse was opposed to not only by his family, both his two sisters and brother objected to it as did Lenin's wife, but also likely by the great man himself. Lenin in his waning days had noted he wan... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qqlSCgV_NM"
]
] | ||
27iwgk | why do websites need "mobile versions" of websites? dont they work the same way? | What makes surfing the web on a cell phone or tablet different from a computer? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/27iwgk/eli5_why_do_websites_need_mobile_versions_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"ci18y2q",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Some elements of the site will not work for mobile browsers. The screen will also be smaller which makes browsing experience friendlier to the users.",
"There are three types of mobile versions of w... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"m.example.com"
],
[]
] | |
5xmfsh | why is politics not a compulsory course from high school through college? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5xmfsh/eli5_why_is_politics_not_a_compulsory_course_from/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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3,
59,
7,
10,
6,
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"text": [
"We have civic education in high school in my country. They teach you how the political system works, the separat... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1ya995 | why do clouds rotate with the earth? | It seems like the rotation of the Earth shouldn't affect clouds or the atmosphere since they are made up of gases. Why doesn't the earth just slide beneath clouds without dragging them with it? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ya995/eli5_why_do_clouds_rotate_with_the_earth/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfip7z5"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Gases are affected by gravity too. The rotation of the Earth creates the jet streams, and that's the predominant influence on the travel of the clouds."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ycpqm | Is the Victorian age referred to the "Victorian age" outside of Britain? | I was just wondering what the Victorian period (roughly the second half of the 19th century) was called in places such as America or through Europe and the rest of the continents? Was it Known as the Victorian era at the time? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ycpqm/is_the_victorian_age_referred_to_the_victorian/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfjcvqy"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Popular conceptions of history in the UK often affix the name of the reigning monarch to these periods; in addition to \"Victorian\", you have probably heard people speak of \"Elizabethan England\" for Elizabeth I, and its association with Englan... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
9th19t | the libertarian party | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9th19t/eli5_the_libertarian_party/ | {
"a_id": [
"e8w9l0h",
"e8w9tok",
"e8wstuv"
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"score": [
14,
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Basically a focus on as least amount of government intervention in peoples lives as possible. High amounts of both Social and Economic freedom. I would encourage you to visit /r/Libertarian, the FAQ is... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
12htv3 | the invisible hand | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/12htv3/eli5_the_invisible_hand/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6v59nu"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Of the market?\n\nThe idea is that firms will profit maximize and consumers will utility maximize until they reach an equilibrium. This equilibrium is socially optimal in some economic models.\n\nOr more generally...\n\nEveryone tries to make the... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
rq8ps | Why is it that sometimes when you look at something that is either just out of focus, or a tad bit too dim, you can see it much clearer by averting your eyes slightly and 'looking at it' with your peripheral vision? | I notice this happens a lot in the dark, and I'm pretty sure it can happen with things that are in the light as well (like trying to read a sign or see a person from really far away). It doesn't necessarily make things clearer, just more visible. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/rq8ps/why_is_it_that_sometimes_when_you_look_at/ | {
"a_id": [
"c47rgzo",
"c47ryqn"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I'm not a scientist, but the short of it is that your eyes are made up of rods and cones. The rods are more sensitive to light and less sensitive to color. You also have a much higher density of rods. The view you get fro... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
f32co | Has anybody here ever worked with crows? Are they really all that smart? | Okay BBC, we get it already, [crows use sticks for stuff](_URL_0_). (And if you are in any doubt of this then you can recursively follow the 'See Also' links to read this same story repeated over and over across the last decade. Seriously, does somebody at the BBC have a crow fetish? Is there some kind of New Caledonia... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/f32co/has_anybody_here_ever_worked_with_crows_are_they/ | {
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"score": [
5,
6,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"What group are you talking about? The reason I ask is that I checked the references for Wikipedia page on the [New Caledonian Crow](_UR... | [] | [
"http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_9353000/9353588.stm"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Caledonian_Crow#Tool_making"
],
[],
[
"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=106826971"
],
[],
[
"http://blog.ted.com/2008/05/13/joshua_klein/"
],
[]
] | |
krkfr | that rumbling sound you hear when you clench your rear upper neck muscles. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/krkfr/eli5_that_rumbling_sound_you_hear_when_you_clench/ | {
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"score": [
2,
4,
4... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_tympani_muscle"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_tympani_muscle"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
er7nhx | how to learn to use a wing suit | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/er7nhx/eli5_how_to_learn_to_use_a_wing_suit/ | {
"a_id": [
"ff24gjg",
"ff258zg"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Maybe go skydiving in a wing suit with a parachute on, and practice most of the way down?",
"Step 1: Learn to use a parachute *very* well. Like, well over 200 jumps. \nStep 2: Study how to use a wingsuit. \nStep 3: ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
246yco | why are famous people called stars? | How is the word 'star' associated with them? For example, movie stars or sports stars when they can be called movie person,etc.
What about superstars? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/246yco/eli5_why_are_famous_people_called_stars/ | {
"a_id": [
"ch473tq",
"ch47dn3"
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"score": [
3,
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],
"text": [
"It's hard to say, but there is a reference to a famous English actor called David Garrick, and it was written in 1779. The writer is talking about less well-known actors -- \"little stars, who hid their diminished rays in hi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
fcijr3 | What causes the plumes of water vapour on Jupiter's Europa? | Is this water ejected out due to pressure? Temperature? Does Europa have geothermal activity? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/fcijr3/what_causes_the_plumes_of_water_vapour_on/ | {
"a_id": [
"fjcovn1"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Yes Europa is geothermally active. Europa is heated by tidal effects from Jupiters gravity. Essentially Jupiter squeezes Europa. This is the reason why it has a liquid ocean and it is also the reason for the plumes."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
d1qgt6 | I know that in the Middle Ages salt was an extremely valuable product, was it the same in the Mediteranean regions despite being so close to the sea? | We often hear about how valuable salt was in the Middle Ages, in many landlocked provinces nobles had complete control over salt sources making it extremely expensive, I'm curious about the value of salt in the Meditaranean regions, was it a household product or still fairly expensive? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/d1qgt6/i_know_that_in_the_middle_ages_salt_was_an/ | {
"a_id": [
"ezspter"
],
"score": [
12
],
"text": [
"Salt prices varied a lot by region, due to the different distances salt needed to be transported, different transport costs (ship vs land), and taxation. For example, Miller (1991) discusses the variation in English salt prices in the 13th to 15... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7y9oou | Do NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, reduce specific areas of inflammation or do they reduce inflammation overall? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7y9oou/do_nsaids_such_as_ibuprofen_reduce_specific_areas/ | {
"a_id": [
"duf4grt"
],
"score": [
40
],
"text": [
"When you take an ibuprofen, it distributes through your bloodstream around your body and gets into cells, where it latches onto proteins called COX-1 and COX-2 that help to synthesize a type of molecule called prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1ffi8a | How much of a Nazi was Werner von Braun? | Was he the devoted to Nazism or did he just work with them because they had the money he needed? Did he know about concentration camps? I just want to know as much about this as anyone can tell me. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ffi8a/how_much_of_a_nazi_was_werner_von_braun/ | {
"a_id": [
"caa9l94"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Werner von Braun was a member of the Nazi (NSDAP) party and of the SS, where he reached the rank of Sturmbannführer. So he was a card-carrying Nazi. After the bombing of Peenemunde, he was involved in the development of the Dora Mittelbau undergr... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
19y45h | what is the difference between advil, tylenol, and ibuprofen and how exactly do they alleviate pain in the body? | For example, do these pain killers have a way of targeting pain in the body, or do they affect the body uniformly? Why can't you mix certain pain killers with alcohol while others will not hurt you when mixed with alcohol?
*EDIT* Thank you ToubaboKoomi for sharing this video: _URL_0_ | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/19y45h/what_is_the_difference_between_advil_tylenol_and/ | {
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"score": [
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7,
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53,
11,
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],
"text": [
"Advil *is* ibuprofen. So is Motrin. Tyleno... | [] | [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mcuIc5O-DE"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_paracetamol_brand_names",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naproxen",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ibuprofen_brand_names"
],
[],
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mcuIc5O-DE"
],
[],... | |
7fyd77 | how come if we travel to space at the speed of light and then come back, then time on earth is drastically different? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7fyd77/eli5_how_come_if_we_travel_to_space_at_the_speed/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqffevr"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Think of it this way:\n\nIf you throw a ball out of the window of a car, for at least a little while, it will travel the speed of the car + the speed you threw the ball.\n\nNow, we have one rule: light always travels the speed of light (in a give... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
cyjg8o | why does the japanese language have four alphabets? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/cyjg8o/eli5_why_does_the_japanese_language_have_four/ | {
"a_id": [
"eyscwe5",
"eysl24p"
],
"score": [
11,
2
],
"text": [
"There is hirigana which is the phonetic alphabet similar to the English alphabet. Then there's kanji which isn't really an alphabet it's just a bunch of symbols for words, things, or ideas. Then there's katakana which is fo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1uw9wl | What's with the British tradition of naming pubs The ___ & ___, ie The Fox and Hound, Horse & Rider, etc.? | There seem to be a lot of them. I couldn't get anywhere with google, just a list of names with no explanation. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1uw9wl/whats_with_the_british_tradition_of_naming_pubs/ | {
"a_id": [
"cemxya7"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"This article gives some background on some common pub names.\n_URL_0_\n\nThe two names you mention are more than likely a reference to hunting (i.e. hunting with hounds rather than shooting)"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.britainexpress.com/History/culture/pub-names.htm"
]
] | |
3s682a | How does a volcano's shape determine the kind of lava that comes out of it? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3s682a/how_does_a_volcanos_shape_determine_the_kind_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwvdh9h"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"It's more like the other way around: the type of material determines the shape.\n\n2 things are key in determining the shape of a volcanic edifice: how explosive is the volcanism and how viscous is the lava; both relate to the amounts of dissolve... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
38ywfe | MY Great Gandfather was a Swiss citizen drafted into the German army in WWI, how? | This is a question my family has been trying to answer. My great grandfather became a pacifist after the war and didn't want to talk about it, but he mentioned he was conscripted into the German army as an artilleryman. The problem is, he lived in Lucerne. Any WWI people who can answer how you might have been conscript... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/38ywfe/my_great_gandfather_was_a_swiss_citizen_drafted/ | {
"a_id": [
"crz2llx"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Did he have German citizenship as well as Swiss? If so, that might explain it."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
jdolr | audio compression | Note: I am talking about dynamic range compression, not audio data compression (e.g. mp3 encoding).
I'm a casual musician who records songs in my spare time. I've heard a lot about how audio compression can be applied to make your songs sound "better", but I don't quite get what it is and what it does. There are a nu... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/jdolr/eli5_audio_compression/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2b8uxc",
"c2b97vy",
"c2b8uxc",
"c2b97vy"
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"score": [
3,
6,
3,
6
],
"text": [
"Compression is a tool (sometimes a physical piece of hardware, sometimes a software) which is based on volume reduction. You set a [threshold and ratio](_URL_0_) in reference to yo... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.mediacollege.com/audio/processing/images/compressor-graph-01.gif"
],
[],
[
"http://www.mediacollege.com/audio/processing/images/compressor-graph-01.gif"
],
[]
] | |
1zrxeh | does windex "melt" flat screens? | If you have not been living under a rock, you're probably aware that the age of CRT's has come and gone. Chances are also very high that you own at least one flat screen device. You've also likely been told at some point: ** "Do not use Windex to clean your < insert screen type > ." **
I'm hoping that somebody out ... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1zrxeh/eli5does_windex_melt_flat_screens/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfweukc",
"cfwghaj"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"CRT's had *glass* screens. Many modern flat panels (LCD/LED-LCD) are *plastic*. Cleaners formulated for glass, like Windex, may react with some plastics. This can lead to etching, fogging, and/or reduced strength.\n\nIn a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2fdueu | internally, why is putin allowed to continue to take such drastic steps without any checks on his power? when is the next opportunity for russia to have another leader? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2fdueu/eli5internally_why_is_putin_allowed_to_continue/ | {
"a_id": [
"ck89yr1",
"ck8a0zf"
],
"score": [
2,
4
],
"text": [
"Putin is one of the old guard, a hardcore former KGB guy, so he's a symbol of all that old \"Great Russian Bear\" mentality, which I think a lot of Russians respect. \n\nFor the older people who support him, they're remember... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
8fcvx9 | What was Taiwan/Nationalist China doing during the Great Leap Forward? | From what I understand, up until the late 1980s, Nationalist China was planning to one day retake the mainland, which was why the suspended the constitution, kept the country in a state of permanent martial law, etc. The Great Leap Forward was a period of great chaos in Communist China, which \(in my incredibly uneduca... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8fcvx9/what_was_taiwannationalist_china_doing_during_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dy3sctc"
],
"score": [
12
],
"text": [
"This doesn't necessarily explain why Taiwan didn't invade Chinan during the ~30 years after separation, but it does explain context for what Taiwan was doing. This is paraphrasing an essay I wrote a while back. \n\nThe modern history of Taiwan b... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4wt4fu | how does the ocean maintain a perfect salinity level? my aquarium requires a refractometer and work without relying on changing weather patterns. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4wt4fu/eli5_how_does_the_ocean_maintain_a_perfect/ | {
"a_id": [
"d69oya2",
"d69q9x7"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"It doesn't.\n\nThe ocean is not uniformly saline. Some parts are more or less salty than others.",
"It's basically because the ocean is so much bigger than your aquarium.\n\nThe ocean's salinity varies by about [20%](_UR... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.aquariumadvice.com/forums/f14/normal-evaporation-rate-162656.html",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Latitude_Longitude_Evaporation_minus_precipitation.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/WOA09_sea-surf_SAL_AYool.png"
]
] | ||
9fc0k4 | How does a major hurricane (like Florence) impact shallow water sea life in the area where it hits? | I would think that sea life in deeper water would not be impacted significantly (maybe I'm wrong), but I wondered how devastating these types of events are to fish and other sea life in shallower areas. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/9fc0k4/how_does_a_major_hurricane_like_florence_impact/ | {
"a_id": [
"e5vhdnd"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"They can be pretty devastating depending on the mobility of the creatures. Fast moving animals like sharks and whales can avoid the large currents, wave action, and changes in oxygen and temperature from a hurricane but other slow fish or sedenta... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.livescience.com/60354-how-hurricanes-impact-underwater-marine-life.html",
"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/hurricanes-sea-life.html"
]
] | |
2de1wi | Is there a current future and a current past? | The space we are looking into is the past and there could be some life form in the far distant, looking into their "hubble telescope" and seeing us, but we are already dead by then because that is in the future.
Looking a few light years away is the past for them and the present for us. So is it possible that there is... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2de1wi/is_there_a_current_future_and_a_current_past/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjoo23c",
"cjoowx3"
],
"score": [
5,
7
],
"text": [
"Certainly possible there **will** be a life-form somewhere out there looking AT us, but they probably wouldn't be able to see us (except maybe signals which have escaped our planet). Be careful with the word **is**. \n\nYou ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2aug1o/are_there_any_visual_not_radio_telescopes_in/"
],
[]
] | |
4fh8z3 | How does download bandwidth throttling work? For TCP and for UDP? | I can see how to limit the packets I am sending, but how would I limit the packets I am receiving? Do I just delete some random packets and hope the sender will ignore me for a while as a result? Would that even work for UDP? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4fh8z3/how_does_download_bandwidth_throttling_work_for/ | {
"a_id": [
"d2986le"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"TCP has [flow control](_URL_0_) built into the protocol. \n\nYou are correct that dropping packets is how you throttle UDP. The sender won't ignore you; they have no idea that packets are being dropped. There may be some application level communi... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol#Flow_control"
]
] | |
4pnjy0 | why do we feel blood rushing to our head but don't get that feeling in our feet when we are walking around? | Is it because our bodies are built to have blood flow top down or have our bodies just gotten used to it similar to how we don't feel the Earth spinning. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4pnjy0/eli5_why_do_we_feel_blood_rushing_to_our_head_but/ | {
"a_id": [
"d4md9z4"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
" > Is it because our bodies are built to have blood flow top down\n\nBingo.\n\nYour body is built to force blood uphill to your brain, and to prevent blood from pooling downhill in your hands/feet. When you reverse your orientation you feel that... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2516q8 | How does the myelin sheath increase conductivity in neurons? | I've heard that myelin increases conductivity because the signal 'jumps' from node to node, which is quicker than opening every sodium channel along the axon, but it doesn't make any sense to me. I don't see how it would propagate slower if there is no myelin sheath present. That would mean there is more Na+ diffusing ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2516q8/how_does_the_myelin_sheath_increase_conductivity/ | {
"a_id": [
"chcnasp"
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"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"Myelin increases *conduction velocity*. The action potential (AP) is a front of depolarization that occurs as adjacent segments of the axon are raised above their threshold voltage and activate voltage-gated ion channels.\n\nIn an unmyelinated a... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3gegqu | why is adolf hitler talked more about for his responsibility for the deaths of about 17 million instead of mao zedong, who is responsible for about 3 times as many deaths? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3gegqu/eli5_why_is_adolf_hitler_talked_more_about_for/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctxe13f",
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2fs8bw | how do business/company owners get paid if they are at the highest level in the business? | If they own the business, do they get a normal paycheck like everyone else? Can they just take money from the company and pay themselves? How does this all work? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2fs8bw/eli5how_do_businesscompany_owners_get_paid_if/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckc96hl",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It depends on how the company is setup. The owner may simply take the entirety of the net earnings as income. Or the owner might have established the business as a separate entity, and granted himself a regular summary. Or, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
10sf3i | Why does the Riemann Zeta Function lack closed form expressions for its value at odd natural numbers? | I'd love a clever insight. I hope there is a "big picture answer" to this one! This is bothersome. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10sf3i/why_does_the_riemann_zeta_function_lack_closed/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6g9b8c"
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"score": [
5
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"text": [
"Not sure if this will be big picture enough for you, but here's one way to think about it:\n\nTo find zeta(2n) in closed form, you can use Parseval's Theorem. Parseval's Theorem relates the integral of the square of a function to the sum of the ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7jt6ds | how is disney not a monopoly? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7jt6ds/eli5_how_is_disney_not_a_monopoly/ | {
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"text": [
"To be a monopoly, you have to control all (or nearly all) of the commerce in your given market. Microsoft was thought to be a monopoly in the past because they controlled ~95% of the PC OS market.\n\nDisney is in the entert... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1ueidp | why does pbs get the rights to bbc content where other networks do not? | I've noticed that PBS seems to get amazing series from the BBC (Downton Abbey, Sherlock) where other competing networks do not.
Normally, networks will sell the rights to other countries to the highest bidder, but if that's true why hasn't FOX/NBC/CBS/TNT/AMC/ABC tried to gain the rights to wildly popular shows like D... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ueidp/why_does_pbs_get_the_rights_to_bbc_content_where/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
2,
6
],
"text": [
"British entertainment, while popular, is still considered a niche interest amongst the larger population. Larger networks like FOX/TBS/NBC would prefer to make American adaptions (The Office, Skins, Top Gear) of British show... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3ns31i | i'm fat and don't understand carbs | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ns31i/eli5_im_fat_and_dont_understand_carbs/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I think you'll get better and more help and su... | [] | [] | [
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3gdxyk | Is there any record of defection from the west to the Soviet Union? | I know that many ended up defecting from the USSR, but was there a notable amount that went the other way? Maybe out of communist sympathies or political pressure? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3gdxyk/is_there_any_record_of_defection_from_the_west_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctxcwyc"
],
"score": [
7
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"text": [
"There were quite a few defectors from the West that went over to the Soviet Union. The USSR treated western defectors with a very high degree of importance and lavishness, giving them access to the same privileges as the important Party members.... | [] | [] | [
[]
] |
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