q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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24w30c | why are some people more sensitive to touching hot objects than others? | I feel like I am more sensitive to hot pans or food or water than my family members. For example I cant wash my hands in the same (hot) temperature as my mom does; or I burn my tongue when tasting food but my friends dont. What does it have to do with? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/24w30c/eli5_why_are_some_people_more_sensitive_to/ | {
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"I wouldnt know the scientific facts, but from what i gathered from my personal life, i think its about tolerance. My mother can sometimes seem impervious to heat, but i found that trough washing the dishes with steaming water, i too, started to f... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
fnxbuc | What happened to body armor + helmets between the introduction of gunpowder and WW1? | I’ve always been baffled as to why infantrymen abandoned the use of protective gear? Wouldn’t it have been helpful wearing armor against gunfire? If it was a matter of equipping large armies with helmets and armor, surely the more economically developed countries( UK, France, etc) Could afford the majority of their for... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/fnxbuc/what_happened_to_body_armor_helmets_between_the/ | {
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"Armor did not disappear right away after firearms started disseminating in the battlefield, not only because it could still be useful against all other sorts of weapons like swords spears or bows, but because the response to firearms was not to d... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
f0qx4m | Adrenaline, Epinephrine, Noradrenaline, and Norpinephrine? | Two questions:
Are they just 2 hormones with different names, or are all their own, unique hormones?
What are the functions of each of them?
I’ve been getting mixed answers from different teachers and books, so it would be great if you could explain it. Thanks in advance. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/f0qx4m/adrenaline_epinephrine_noradrenaline_and/ | {
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"Adrenaline/Epinephrine and Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine are two different compounds (but each pair separated by a slash is synonymous/just alternate names). They have similar chem... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
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2e2ixq | How does using water irresponsibly remove it from the water cycle? | I keep hearing about how we are wasting water and that it is a limited recourse. How is it possible, given the water cycle will reuse any water we use? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2e2ixq/how_does_using_water_irresponsibly_remove_it_from/ | {
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"http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/water-headed-struggling-lake-mead-24970586",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overexploitation#Water_resources"
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9hfyh6 | why do those yellow things form in the corner of your eyes when you sleep? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9hfyh6/eli5_why_do_those_yellow_things_form_in_the/ | {
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"text": [
"That's called rheum. Your eyes discharge a thin liquid, which normally you continually flush away during the day. This can combine with other gunk, like dead cells, dust, and so on, and helps keep your eye clean by flushi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
80mxko | why do you not feel “wet” when under water? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/80mxko/eli5_why_do_you_not_feel_wet_when_under_water/ | {
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"text": [
"Your body doesnt really feel a state, it feels a change in states. Its why it doesn't feel like you're moving at 1,000 MPH, even though the earth is spinning that fast. You'd feel it if it abruptly stopped though. Same with ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2dhn5s | if emotion is just a chemical in our brains, could we make a computer capable of feeling these emotions? | And how do we know they don't feel based on electric impulses, if our brains are just pretty good computers | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2dhn5s/eli5if_emotion_is_just_a_chemical_in_our_brains/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"\"Pretty good\"? How about extremely good? Scientifically speaking, we are barely on the cusp of starting to understand how the brain works. \n\nYou equate \"emotion\" with \"a chemical\", but how many emotions are there? I ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
35vzcw | Western Traders in Istanbul | A book I'm reading says; "In the Ottoman Empire, Western European traders former colonies within the city of Constantinople where they were granted commercial privileges" the time period is 17th-18th century. Can anyone give me some more information about this? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/35vzcw/western_traders_in_istanbul/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"If you have the time to read a book to explain part of the book (I know, jokes!) then James Mathers' *Pashas: Trades and Travellers in the Islamic World* explores the relations between English/British traders with Ottoman authorities, and goes be... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4dtgdi | if prostitution is illegal but pornography is not, why don't men looking for prostitutes just get hookers to be in their " film "? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4dtgdi/eli5_if_prostitution_is_illegal_but_pornography/ | {
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"text": [
"From what I understand that's how you can legally solicit a hooker without being caught.\n\nI.E. if you were to say try to pick up an undercover officer you could ask for a \"nude shoot for film\" and ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2svmti | do advertisers on tv have different editions of commercials to air according to what happens in sporting events? | The way that during a championship game, a newspaper will print headlines for both teams as champions so they are available right after the game. Or championship hats are made for both teams. Do advertisers on TV have two different editions of commercials to run in the same situation assuming their add is pertinent to ... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2svmti/eli5do_advertisers_on_tv_have_different_editions/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Sure. I remember when the Patriots were going for their perfect season in... '07? '08? and there was some commercial that had a bunch of the '72 Miami dolphins in \"Perfect Season Land\" or something (the '72 miami dolphins are the only team to h... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1noYVFl-Cnk",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EaeF_mj8_sY"
]
] | |
2vrdif | why do tesla veichles get 265 miles in range while other electric cars are substantially lower. | I thought Tesla shared its patents, what's the hold up for other car makers to match their range. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2vrdif/eli5_why_do_tesla_veichles_get_265_miles_in_range/ | {
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"text": [
"Well, I can't think of a purely electric car that costs as much as the Tesla Model S, most others are $25,000-$35,000.",
"Bigger battery pack. That cost... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
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] | |
5ipw3o | how do astronomers know which planet is earth in pictures that are taken from a billion miles away? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5ipw3o/eli5_how_do_astronomers_know_which_planet_is/ | {
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"text": [
" > I always see photos of our galaxy with an arrow pointing at some super tiny dot saying \"this is Earth\". Do they really know that that particular dot is actually Earth?\n\nThose are all artistic renderings, not photogra... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
t9owb | What is the correlation between bra cup and breast volume/mass? | Curiosity finally got the better of me, so I created an account to ask this :)
You know how they say girls with big breasts have lower back pain? What I'm interested in is: What is the correlation between bra cup and breast volume/mass?
Additional info: I was wondering how much my breasts weigh, so I thought I would ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/t9owb/what_is_the_correlation_between_bra_cup_and/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Not sure if this is what you want to know..\n\nCup size is based on bra band size (the measurement under your breasts) and full bust measurement. The difference between these measurements gives you your cup size. A larger b... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
45418r | What is Gravitational Wave and why is it so important? | I am curious, not scientist... And my mind tries to conceive the idea of empty space being fabric that ripples like water. Anyhow, what is it? What would it mean if it is proven to exist? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/45418r/what_is_gravitational_wave_and_why_is_it_so/ | {
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"text": [
"Gravitational waves are a prediction of Einstein's theory of gravitation, called general relativity. In a gravitational waves, space gets distorted in a particular pattern (a cir... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://sci.esa.int/lisa-pathfinder/"
],
[]
] | |
f5nmxn | Can anyone tell me about African-American sailors on whaling ships in the early nineteenth century? | I'd pretty much be interested in anything you happened to know: were there any? If so were there many? Did they face discrimination (I believe black sailors in the Royal Navy at that time mostly had to work as cooks, and other lesser paid work)? Were any slaves? Are there any notable examples? Also, in honour of the bl... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/f5nmxn/can_anyone_tell_me_about_africanamerican_sailors/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"That sounds like a worthy topic for a book. Conveniently, someone has already written one: *Black Jacks: African American Seamen in the Age of Sail* by W. Jeffrey Bolster. It's also discussed in *The Many-Headed Hydra* by by Peter Linebaugh and ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1hhdhg | Would someone who completely loses their sight in their lifetime see blackness? Or is it similar to those born blind where they percieve absolutely nothing | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1hhdhg/would_someone_who_completely_loses_their_sight_in/ | {
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"People that were blinded later in life do see blackness. But being blind from birth has a different result. Think of it this way: People blind from birth see the same thing that you see out of your elb... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2yrsoc | Tidal forces on Enceladus generates heat through friction, hence liquid oceans, but where exactly does the energy in that heat come from? | Is this what is meant by "tidily locked" orbits, because the friction slows the rotation? If so how long does Enceladus have before its liquid ocean freezes? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2yrsoc/tidal_forces_on_enceladus_generates_heat_through/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpd7rao"
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"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The energy is taken from Saturns angular momentum (the rotational energy). [This video](_URL_0_) explains in a very intuitive way how tides work and how their effects are caused. \n\nI want to add that the tides on Enceladus work even tho it alre... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KlWpFLfLFBI"
]
] | |
2cjn4r | i'm in vancouver, bc, it is 4pm and i can obviously see the sun, but also the moon. can people of the direct opposite side of the earth see the moon aswell? or are they experiencing night with no moon? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2cjn4r/eli5im_in_vancouver_bc_it_is_4pm_and_i_can/ | {
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"text": [
"The amount the moon is lit (its phase) is determined by where it is in its orbit, which takes 28 days. Thus the entire earth experien... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
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4cmbtt | if cis-gender just means you identify with as your biological gender, why is it used as a slur | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4cmbtt/eli5_if_cisgender_just_means_you_identify_with_as/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Technically anything can be used as a slur if you put enough hatred behind how you say it.\n\nFor example people who don't want children will often refer to people who have them as Breeders. Nothing offensive in the word it... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3gcxrx | difference between bombs, missiles, rockets and other large propelled munitions? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3gcxrx/eli5_difference_between_bombs_missiles_rockets/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Bombs aren't self-propelled.\n\nIn the military, a missile is a self-propelled munition that is guided. A rocket is unguided. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1r0quc | why does our skin leave white marks when we scratch or get scratched? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1r0quc/eli5_why_does_our_skin_leave_white_marks_when_we/ | {
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"text": [
"The skin is made up of several layers and the top layer is dead (gross right?). Well when you scratch you're scraping a bit of the layer off. This layer is s... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_conditions",
"http://d1535dk28ea235.cloudfront.net/preset_64/2794959104_94d08ff79f.jpg",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermatographic_urticaria"
],
[]
] | ||
3gihtf | Why do humans like to be popular? | If this isn't an appropriate place to ask, please let me know and tell me where to post it.
I'm talking more on a neurological level. What's the point of it? Why do humans like it? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3gihtf/why_do_humans_like_to_be_popular/ | {
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"text": [
"Humans are social animals and our very survival depends on cooperation and coordination with other humans, especially in the environment we originally evolved in. Social dynamics create a \"pecking order\" within a group, and it is advantageous t... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
qylmf | If you impregnated yourself would it be a clone of you? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/qylmf/if_you_impregnated_yourself_would_it_be_a_clone/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Nope. Keep in mind you have 23 pairs of chromosomes and the mother and father each pass down half of theirs, i.e., 23 individual chromosomes, because of meiosis; one of each pair is selected essentially at random. What you'd end up with is some c... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1fn1a1 | How was life in the Japanese puppet-state Manchukuo compared to life in China at the time? | The Japanese seemed to have invested a lot of infrastructure in Manchukuo like they did in Taiwan. Did this translate into a higher standard of living compared to the rest of China? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1fn1a1/how_was_life_in_the_japanese_puppetstate/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"That depended very much on whether you were ethnically Chinese, a recently arrived Japanese or Korean settler, or for that matter a Manchu or Mongol.\nMost Chinese remained farmers or took on other menial work in the cities, with a standard of l... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
g437c | Nuclear meltdown leading to critical mass? | A friend of mine has said that if uranium rods in a damaged nuclear power plant meltdown, the uranium can pool together and reach a critical mass, causing an explosion. Is there any possibility of this actually happening? If so, what would the exact effects be? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/g437c/nuclear_meltdown_leading_to_critical_mass/ | {
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"text": [
"No, there is not enough uranium in a rod to create a nuclear explosion.",
"The fission chain reaction was stopped when the reactor was SCRAMed following the earthquake. But if... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
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17j1nb | how do wars and eras get their names? | Like the Middle Ages and such. Also what will the modern era be known as in the future? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/17j1nb/elif_how_do_wars_and_eras_get_their_names/ | {
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"text": [
"Generally speaking wars are named after the combatants, the Vietnam war, the Iran/Iraq war. \n\nSometimes named after the year it takes place in \"War if 1812\".\n\nThey can be named by how long the war lasted \"The Seven Ye... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1xrpfs | why is the phone "tone" what it is? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1xrpfs/eli5_why_is_the_phone_tone_what_it_is/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfe1a9u"
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Are you asking why a dial tone is set to a specific Hz and dB level? \n\nOr, are you asking what function a specific tone does at a telco layer?"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
nrbv6 | When you break a magnet in half, why do the two pieces repel where they broke? | It just seems counter intuitive. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/nrbv6/when_you_break_a_magnet_in_half_why_do_the_two/ | {
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"text": [
"They shouldn't. The break should create new no... | [] | [] | [
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_domain"
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"http://users.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/files/dirac1931.pdf"
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31dbd7 | Why do I only have 2 nipples when my cow has 4? | I mean. All animals are quite similar. 4 legs, 2 eyes, 2 ears, 1 nose and so on. But when it comes to nipples, everything goes. Cows have 4 (or is it one giant nipple with 4 holes?), monkeys have 2, dogs have 6 or 8. Did we lose our extra nipples along the way, or did the others suddenly gain some? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/31dbd7/why_do_i_only_have_2_nipples_when_my_cow_has_4/ | {
"a_id": [
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5
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"text": [
"It's a function of the number of offspring per litter. Mammals with larger litters tend to have more nipples than those with fewer litters, with a minimum of two to maintain bilateral symmetry. Mammary gland formation and... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/410464_3"
]
] | |
e12vc1 | Floating Feature: All the World is a Stade, so what will you share upon it from 776 to 202 BCE? Its Vol. II of 'The Story of Humankind' | AskHistorians | {
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"You've probably heard of the time a bunch of Spartans fought to... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"https://i.pinimg.com/originals/b9/78/3b/b9783b9aa772d100be6da8f362f4f7... | |||
7fvyus | why does opening the oven door while a cake is baking ruins the cake? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7fvyus/eli5_why_does_opening_the_oven_door_while_a_cake/ | {
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"text": [
"Because when you open the door, you letting hot oven air out thru a big gaping opening. The temperature in the oven cools down dramatically.",
"heat ge... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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] | |
2b92pi | how do semi-explicit jailbait sites stay up? | I don't want to link to these places because I want to avoid driving traffic. But how do semi-explicit jailbait sites (displaying photos of 14-18 year olds) stay up?
Why I was in highschool I'd look at them because they were the same age as people in my classes, but now I'm a little older and it seems a lot illegal.
... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2b92pi/eli5_how_do_semiexplicit_jailbait_sites_stay_up/ | {
"a_id": [
"cj2ymqi",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Depending on the locale, full nude images of minors are perfectly legal as long as they are not explicit or implied sexuality (eg artistic photography/nudists etc)",
"I'm not totally sure but with s... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4okbm8 | since long-term effects of vaping are unknown, how are people sure its safer than cigs? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4okbm8/eli5_since_longterm_effects_of_vaping_are_unknown/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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3,
9,
5,
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"text": [
"If you vape extract from tobacco then I'm sure some risks stay in play. In a cigarette a number of compound are actually formed by burn... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
101tcd | what is a payroll tax and how is it different from an income tax? | I [saw this article](_URL_0_) saying that only 53% of Americans pay income tax and 28% more pay payroll tax but not income tax. To me, those sound like the same thing. So, reddit, what is the difference between these two types of taxation, and what does it mean for tax policy? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/101tcd/eli5_what_is_a_payroll_tax_and_how_is_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"c69n7s0"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"Income taxes go into the government's general fund, and can be used to pay for whatever. Payroll taxes are specifically allocated to Social Security and Medicare.\n\nBecause payroll taxes are earmarked like that, people aren't nearly as bothered ... | [] | [
"http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2012/09/17/who_doesn_t_pay_taxes_.html?tid=sm_tw_button_chunky"
] | [
[]
] | |
1k5eoe | Did Pre-Columbian Americans use lead in any way? | Aztecs and Incas used silver, they must have encountered lead along the way in their mining, did they ever do anything with it? What about other native cultures as well?
| AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1k5eoe/did_precolumbian_americans_use_lead_in_any_way/ | {
"a_id": [
"cblksfr"
],
"score": [
3
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"text": [
"Yes. galena, a naturally-occurring lead ore, is found in archaeological sites dating back to the Archaic era. Poverty Point, a major archaic mound center in northeastern Louisiana, has yielded over 700 pieces of galena ([Walthall *et al.*](_URL_0... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/20707884?uid=3739816&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21102543974047"
]
] | |
7313b5 | WW2 British Service Records Research - Tips & Resources? | First I'd like to offer my enormous thanks to AskHistorian's own /u/Bigglesworth_ for the awesome knowledge he shared when I posted about my grandfather's [experience at Dunkirk](_URL_4_) a few months back. His [incredible detective work](_URL_4_dkjf8l5/), especially on the insignia on the bush hat in [this photo](_URL... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7313b5/ww2_british_service_records_research_tips/ | {
"a_id": [
"dnn6eh0"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Fantastic! Great to see that connection. I'm afraid I can't be of much help with further information (I can't decipher that handwriting either...) Your best bet might well be the [WW2 Talk forums] (_URL_3_), they have a section on [Service Record... | [] | [
"https://imgur.com/a/GUwXj",
"https://imgur.com/a/TIZyO",
"https://imgur.com/a/QShUL",
"https://imgur.com/a/9oZBq",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/history/comments/6oho4l/dunkirk_my_grandfathers_escape_from_the_beaches/",
"https://imgur.com/a/3g92n",
"https://imgur.com/a/KDCgR",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/h... | [
[
"http://ww2talk.com/index.php?forums/royal-artillery.76/",
"http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/a?_ref=400",
"http://ww2talk.com/index.php?forums/service-records.116/",
"http://ww2talk.com/index.php"
]
] | |
2qbx99 | why are a chicks down feathers yellow and where does this colour pigment go as they mature? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2qbx99/eli5_why_are_a_chicks_down_feathers_yellow_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"cn4rh4w",
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"score": [
22,
9
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"text": [
"Welp I cannot answer this question in entirety, but I do know:\n1.Not all chicks are born \"yellow\" the \"yellow\" ones end up white but black chickens hatch black.\n2. Just as with human teeth, chicks molt ( loose and reg... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://m2.i.pbase.com/u17/birdercellist/large/42340592.IMG_4638.jpg",
"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Red_Junglefowl.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Red_Junglefowl.jpg"
]
] | ||
40bpnh | Why wouldn't matter falling into a black hole decrease entropy in the universe? | This video _URL_0_ states that entropy in a closed system must stay the same or increase, and implies that one form of low entropy is a neat arrangement of matter.
If matter in a black hole is arranged at a single point and therefore very orderly, how does matter falling into a black hole obey the rule of same or incr... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/40bpnh/why_wouldnt_matter_falling_into_a_black_hole/ | {
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564,
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"text": [
"Because---very surprisingly---black holes *themselves* [have entropy](_URL_1_). The entropy of a black hole is (somehow) quantum-mechanical, so you can't directly see it in cla... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS_C7dM25pc"
] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekenstein_bound",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole_thermodynamics"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole_thermodynamics"
],
[],
[
"http://arxiv.org/pdf/0907.1559v2.pdf"
]
] | |
rf90y | What is the biggest risk if a spacesuit loses pressure in outer space? | I understand that your blood boils and you can't breathe and it's really cold/hot in space, but what poses the biggest risk to a human body if it is suddenly exposed to the nothingness of space? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/rf90y/what_is_the_biggest_risk_if_a_spacesuit_loses/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"If you hold your breath there is a good chance your lungs will rupture. You would need to exhale as the sudden expansion of the volume of gasses in your lungs will rupture them. A human will lose consciousness quickly, though I can't find a sourc... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/970603.html"
]
] | |
303zu6 | why does cold air burn in our lungs? | Why does cold air burn in our lungs? And more specifically, why do I "feel" my lung in this case even though I normally don't feel it at all? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/303zu6/eli5_why_does_cold_air_burn_in_our_lungs/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpozg8y"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Because your lungs are quite moist, as you breathe the cold air in it works like wind-chill, rapidly cooling the surfaces inside your lungs (and your lungs have a LOT of surface area). Your lungs, like most of your body, have nerve endings which ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
48xxrm | why is the subject line/content of spam emails mainly gibberish nowadays? | I feel like there was better click-bait 10 years ago. I mean, at least is was coherent. Most of it now is just nonsensical. Example of subject line I got today 'AxwoorthyBerk Yourr brain starts an erectionn by snding siganls...' | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/48xxrm/eli5_why_is_the_subject_linecontent_of_spam/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0ngbm4"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"To evade spam filters. Every spam filter in the world knows that \"Erection\" in the subject line very likely means spam. \"Erectionn\" is less likely to be flagged."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
882wd5 | Why do some ships use a diesel electric engine for propulsion while others use a diesel engine directly attached to the propeller (with appropriate transmission)? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/882wd5/why_do_some_ships_use_a_diesel_electric_engine/ | {
"a_id": [
"dwhje8n",
"dwi4xrq",
"dwiv2kz"
],
"score": [
6,
7,
2
],
"text": [
"Very large transmissions require very large gears which are heavy, expensive, and very prone to breaking (I was told once that there are companies whose sole business is making replacement gears for lar... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
vgbw9 | How can satellites provide continuous transmission to earth? | I get that information on earth is sent from a satellite dish via wave (not sure on what kind of wave it is on the electromagnetic spectrum) to a satellite orbiting earth, and the information is then sent back down to another dish that can send it via cable to other receivers (like television).
But what I don't get is... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/vgbw9/how_can_satellites_provide_continuous/ | {
"a_id": [
"c548qha",
"c548vn1"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Satellite TV works most easily using [geostationary satellites](_URL_0_). These are ones whose orbital period is the same as Earth's rotation period, and they orbit around the equator, so they're always above the same point ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_satellite"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molniya_orbit"
]
] | |
5qp4r0 | why is it that without glasses on, objects in a mirror can still be out of focus, even though the mirror is flat? (assuming you're in range for the mirror to be in focus) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5qp4r0/eli5_why_is_it_that_without_glasses_on_objects_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"dd0yciw"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Mirrors retain the angle of light which bounces off them so focusing is still necessary. If it didn't retain the angle then light from incoming from various directions at the same spot could have portions all reflected toward you. That would just... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
14fwex | How much does the expansion of the universe effect the approach of Andromeda? | I know that the rate at which the universe is expanding is increasing, and I know that Andromeda is approaching us at some 2.35 billion miles a year (lifted from wikipedia). How much time does the expansion of the universe buy the two galaxies before they collide (as opposed to if the universe were static) | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/14fwex/how_much_does_the_expansion_of_the_universe/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7cqh27"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It doesn't. [Metric expansion doesn't occur within clusters of galaxies](_URL_0_)."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/sciencefaqs/comments/135cd1/does_gravity_stretch_forever_is_the_big_bang_like/"
]
] | |
6bkjpj | why does genetic malformation occur in the child if a brother impregnates his sister? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6bkjpj/eli5_why_does_genetic_malformation_occur_in_the/ | {
"a_id": [
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"dhnflrn",
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"score": [
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9,
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],
"text": [
"It doesn't. \n\nWhat happens is that you have two copies of every gene, one from each parent. If you have one normal copy and one messed up copy of a gene you are often fine, but if you have two broken ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
215xht | if companies continue replacing human labour with robots, will this not lead to the products these companies make becoming unsellable since most people are unemployed? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/215xht/eli5_if_companies_continue_replacing_human_labour/ | {
"a_id": [
"cg9wvzz",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Who fixes the robots? New industries will be created. There were these kinds of doomsayers wen computers started b... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://inhabitat.com/the-solar-powered-sinter-3d-printer-turns-desert-sand-into-glass/"
],
[]
] | ||
1ycieh | How do Google's driverless cars handle ice on roads? | I was just driving from Chicago to Nashville last night and the first 100 miles were terrible with snow and ice on the roads. How do the driverless cars handle slick roads or black ice?
I tried to look it up, but the only articles I found mention that they have a hard time with snow because they can't identify the ro... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ycieh/how_do_googles_driverless_cars_handle_ice_on_roads/ | {
"a_id": [
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"cfk3myx",
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"score": [
118,
2895,
20,
12,
85,
5,
20,
6,... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2013/11/25/131125fa_fact_bilger?currentPage=all"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://imgur.com/a/iQCka"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IL_enMPWT7s"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
emgsc6 | we’re taught in school that white is all light/color combined, and black is the absence of color/light. so how do black pixels work on my monitor? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/emgsc6/eli5_were_taught_in_school_that_white_is_all/ | {
"a_id": [
"fdp81bq",
"fdolk28",
"fdolo6s",
"fdotf16"
],
"score": [
2,
4,
2,
34
],
"text": [
"With paints is subtractive mixing and with light (monitor/pixels) is additive mixing. \n\nI felt like an idiot when I figured it out. Makes so much sense.\n\n_URL_0_",
"A bla... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/23830/why-is-there-a-difference-between-additive-and-subtractive-trichromatic-color-th"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
bc5bcl | How can we take pictures of the sun? | Looking at the sun causes retina damage, and you can start a fire with a magnifying glass. How can we use lenses that focus light to take a picture onto film without it burning the film or damaging the camera? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bc5bcl/how_can_we_take_pictures_of_the_sun/ | {
"a_id": [
"eko8eo3"
],
"score": [
13
],
"text": [
"You need a special filter to protect your equipment. If you expose a camera's light sensor to direct sunlight for more than a tiny bit of a second, it will get permanent damage. The filter is pretty much the same as the glasses you get for watch... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
d1ebm8 | Monozygotic twinning question? | Is the zygote before twinning one being that a piece of it comes off of to create the twin, or is it two beings in one that, splits apart? Or is it something else? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/d1ebm8/monozygotic_twinning_question/ | {
"a_id": [
"ezl8hrt"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"Short answer: it depends mostly on how you define a being, and splitting can happen in different ways at different stages.\n\nThe first thing you need to know is that a zygote doesn't just form an embryo. It also forms extra-embryonic structures... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
155jv0 | How can old movies be converted into blue ray format? | Now a days, many old movies are rereleased onto Blue-ray, but if the movie is say 20 years old and was originally shot on a very limited medium, then how can they improve the quality so much so to release it on blue ray? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/155jv0/how_can_old_movies_be_converted_into_blue_ray/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7jhfs6"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"There is no direct translation between film and digital resolution, however, most relatively modern 35mm film is sharp enough to be scanned at at least 1080 lines width, and sometimes closer to 2000. There is some analysis of the quality of 35mm... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.filmschoolonline.com/sample_lessons/sample_lesson_HD_vs_35mm.htm"
]
] | |
3uci1o | why are all bigger holidays at the end of the month? (halloween, thanksgiving, christmas) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3uci1o/eli5_why_are_all_bigger_holidays_at_the_end_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxdp5tw",
"cxdt2w6",
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"score": [
54,
2,
10
],
"text": [
"Coincidence? New years is literally the beginning of the month, as is July 4th. Christmas was moved to be closer to the pagan holidays of Yule and Saturnalia, while Halloween basically took over for S... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_holidays_in_the_United_States"
]
] | ||
1yvmdg | if we ever met other intelligent life, how the hell would we communicate with it? would it not be like communicating with animals? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1yvmdg/eli5_if_we_ever_met_other_intelligent_life_how/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfo5xhz",
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"We would have to use images or gestures as much as possible; in this case they would be trying to communicate with us as if we were animals.",
"Well, the current plan is sending out light in bundles of primenumbers. So f... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
4ixrrw | How did Jewish lenders in medieval Europe enforce their debts? Didn't they have little to no power? | What stopped borrowers from running the jews out of town? And how were the Jews so successful that they became wealthier than the average Christian, despite the anti-semitism? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4ixrrw/how_did_jewish_lenders_in_medieval_europe_enforce/ | {
"a_id": [
"d32bk36",
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],
"score": [
30,
817,
3,
3,
2,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Sort of a side question, but my Russian Jewish Grandfather used to tell me that pogroms (and anti-semitism as a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://redd.it/3xgqn7"
],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2kyi1q/were_shakespeares_contemporaries_struggling_with/"
],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3d3al8 | Can a moon have more mass than his planet? | E.g could Charon orbit Pluto or is this not possible because of gravitation? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3d3al8/can_a_moon_have_more_mass_than_his_planet/ | {
"a_id": [
"ct25iqr"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"The short answer is \"no.\" The longer answer is that 1 object never truly orbit another object- really both objects orbit around their combined center of mass, called a [Barycenter](_URL_0_) when talking about planets and orbits. \n\nOften times... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barycenter"
]
] | |
1hv098 | Is it just a coincidence that both native americans and europeans had bows before the columbian exchange? | As far as I'm aware, the oldest european bows were dated to after migration to the americas was possible. Did the two cultures develop such similar technologies completely independently? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1hv098/is_it_just_a_coincidence_that_both_native/ | {
"a_id": [
"cay913q",
"cayju64",
"cayou9r"
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"score": [
237,
13,
3
],
"text": [
"This is an unsolved mystery. The prevailing theory at the moment is that the bow entered North America from Asia as part of the Arctic Small Tool Tradition around 3000 - 2500 BCE, a culture thought t... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2694277?uid=3739256&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21102515814687"
],
[
"http://www.jstor.org/stable/2694276"
],
[]
] | |
3qnvxe | why is it that most windows software works with old versions such as windows 7 or even xp, but most osx software needs more recent versions of the os to work? | One of the most extreme cases I have found is Adobe software which works as far as Windows 7 (2009) but requires OSX 10.9 (2013).
But even with a lot of common software the same pattern emerges.
* **Firefox** OSX 10.6 (2009) / Window XP SP2 (2001).
* **VLC** OSX 10.6 / Windows XP SP2.
Or other pro software:
* **Au... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3qnvxe/eli5_why_is_it_that_most_windows_software_works/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwgujoo",
"cwgvve8"
],
"score": [
7,
2
],
"text": [
"Because Microsoft has a lot more enterprise customers who use Windows so backwards compatibility is a much higher priority for Microsoft. A lot of businesses have legacy software where the vendor literally went out of busine... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.netmarketshare.com/operating-system-market-share.aspx?qprid=10&qpcustomd=0",
"netmarketshare.com"
]
] | |
1175iw | Why don't they launch space bound rockets out of tube like bullets from a barrel of a gun? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1175iw/why_dont_they_launch_space_bound_rockets_out_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6jwgph",
"c6jwm79"
],
"score": [
2,
5
],
"text": [
"Because it would not have any benefit.\n\nThe difference is that a bullet is pushed by an explosion next to it and pushed out by the expansion. A rocket is pushing itself away by pushing out the exhaust of the burned fuel.\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
36y5rg | why are there so few different commercials on youtube? it seems there's only 3 commercials at any time, shouldn't yt be swarming with ad offers? | I mean, there are millions of views every day, yet there's that stupid deodorant commercial every second video. Why don't they have more ad partners? Or at least a few different ads per sponsor? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/36y5rg/eli5_why_are_there_so_few_different_commercials/ | {
"a_id": [
"cri3lm4",
"cri44ei"
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"score": [
4,
16
],
"text": [
"I work in marketing, and generally speaking advertisers want consistent exposure for as long as they can get it. They are willing to pay for a higher rate of exposure rather than scattered about. The consumer is much less l... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5srpm3 | what happens when a generator is running but no load is being applied? | For example; a portable gas powered generator. When the generator is running it is capable of powering a fridge. What happens when the same generator is running but no load is applied? Is electricity still being made? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5srpm3/eli5_what_happens_when_a_generator_is_running_but/ | {
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"It's like starting a car and walking away. It's still running, still making power, but not being used effectively. ",
"Short answer: with no load generator is easier to turn. It gets more difficult ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4svwx4 | What do you catabolize first during starvation: muscle, fat, or both in equal measure? | I'm actually a Nutrition Science graduate, so I understand the process, but we never actually covered what the latest science says about which gets catabolized first. I was wondering this while watching _Naked and Afraid_, where the contestants frequently starve for 21 days. It's my hunch that the body breaks down bo... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4svwx4/what_do_you_catabolize_first_during_starvation/ | {
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"Gluconeogenesis highly prioritizes fat metabolism for energy when carbohydrate based sources of glucose are low/empty. The entire purpose of fat is to b... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
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] | |
6a1jou | Why isn't there a general formula for solving quintic polynomials like there is for quadratics, cubics and quartics? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6a1jou/why_isnt_there_a_general_formula_for_solving/ | {
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"The question really shouldn't be \"Why isn't there a 'Quintic Formula'?\", the question should be \"Why is are there Quartic, Cubic and Quadratic Formulas?\" Because, if you think about it, it really doesn't make much sens... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://documents.kenyon.edu/math/FranzSenEx2010.pdf"
]
] | ||
hk0kc | What diseases can you honestly catch from a public toilet seat if it's not properly cleaned? | This page left intentionally blank | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hk0kc/what_diseases_can_you_honestly_catch_from_a/ | {
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"Think of it. What part of your body ACTUALLY touches the seat? Just your butt cheeks, basically two big pieces of skin. Unless you h... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/1598/what-diseases-can-you-catch-from-toilet-seats"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
ech8z5 | how do phone games that advertise paying you (supposed) real money, earn that money? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ech8z5/eli5_how_do_phone_games_that_advertise_paying_you/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"They earn money from advertisements and end up giving out only a tiny amount of that. You will find that most of those kind of games are some sort of chance games and have a high threshold to actually cash out. It will then usually have somethin... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4b0lci | How did Martin Luther King react to JFK's assassination? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4b0lci/how_did_martin_luther_king_react_to_jfks/ | {
"a_id": [
"d15en8a"
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"text": [
"[Here's a video on it from CBS, an exact interview from him on it](_URL_0_) \n\nHe said it was \"shocking\" and \"upsetting\", and in general seemed to have been sad to lose a friend"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/martin-luther-king-on-jfk-murder-shocking/"
]
] | ||
k5oq3 | the rank rear admiral | an O-7 in the Army is a Brigadier General because he commands a Brigade (or originally) but Rear Admirals don't command Rears... right? Also why are they called "Lower Half" and "Upper Half" why not just Lt Rear Admiral? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/k5oq3/elif_the_rank_rear_admiral/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"According to Wikipedia:\n\n > It originated from the days of naval sailing squadrons and can trace its origins to the Royal Navy. Each naval squadron would be assigned an admiral as its head, who would command from the centr... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5nix2c | Dear historians of reddit, where do you get your history news, and which journals should I read to keep up to date with history? | I can read German and English | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5nix2c/dear_historians_of_reddit_where_do_you_get_your/ | {
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... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"http://www.medievalists.net/category/articles/",
"https://twitter.com/rogueclassicist"
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"http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/",
"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/tmr"
],
[],
[
"https://shop.nationalgeographic.com/product/magazines/national-geographic-history/national-ge... | |
31lgzn | Books on Nazi Germany's Occult? | Does anyone have good recommendations for books relating to the Nazi's investigations/interest into the occult? Not looking for anything specific, but I find the topic extremely interesting and somewhat under discussed in most areas I am exposed too. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/31lgzn/books_on_nazi_germanys_occult/ | {
"a_id": [
"cq3ajed"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I don't know if they will have specifically what you're looking for, but there is quite of bit of information on this subject in the [FAQ](_URL_0_)"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/wwii#wiki_the_nazis_and_the_occult"
]
] | |
bjxurx | why is dentistry stressed as so important it needs to be regularly visited? | Cardiologists, podiatrists, etc don’t stress yearly or twice yearly check ups in the same way. I use my heart and feet every day, and they are arguably more important than teeth. Or why do I need to visit a dentist without having symptoms? Genuinely curious. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bjxurx/eli5_why_is_dentistry_stressed_as_so_important_it/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"You need to visit a dentist for an in-depth cleaning, which is a procedure which is difficult for individuals to do at home, unlike routine foot care. Oral health problems are relatively common, but can be very severe and irreversable (if you lo... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
yrfpb | tessellation | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/yrfpb/eli5_tessellation/ | {
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"A tessellation is a repeating pattern of the same shape often flipped and/or rotated in order to make a pattern with no spaces. A checkerboard is a tessellation, as the pattern repeats itself. But it's a simple one. Honeycombs are also tessell... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
g7p8i | How do cells "know" their location in the body, especially during embryogenesis? | I was watching a show on PBS regarding genetics, and learned that some genes are used for "switching" other genes on and off. The scientists injected a mammalian embryo (can't remember which one), with some sort of chemical that indicated whether certain genes were on and off. It showed that the genes in the "hand" w... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/g7p8i/how_do_cells_know_their_location_in_the_body/ | {
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"It has to do with the hormones/proteins that ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hox_gene",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedgehog_signaling_pathway",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon_guidance",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonic_hedgehog"
],
[
"http:/... | |
2i0ktk | What were common language learning methods a hundred years ago? | Today we have things like Duolingo, Babbel, Skype (For language exchange) and so many other stuff that can help you in order to learn a second language. But, how was the language learning one hundred years ago? How did people learn languages during those times? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2i0ktk/what_were_common_language_learning_methods_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckxp4ib"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"Linguist here. This is from memory from a teaching class required for my major some years ago. I'll dig out my old textbook if you'd like me to cite sources.\n\nIn the US, the Grammar-Translation method was the way to learn a language. If you've ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4lk934 | What is it on the atomic scale that makes materials either heat up/cool down slower? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4lk934/what_is_it_on_the_atomic_scale_that_makes/ | {
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"text": [
"The quantity is called [heat capacity](_URL_0_), and it's different for most substances. It depends on how much freedom the atoms have to vibrate (and how many dimensions they can move in), and what ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_capacity"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductivity",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiedemann%E2%80%93Franz_law",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_capacity#Specific_heat_capacity"
],
[]
] | ||
1pdvv8 | What will happen if a UTI goes untreated? | Will it kill you? Will you suffer for a while and eventually get better? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1pdvv8/what_will_happen_if_a_uti_goes_untreated/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"First what is a urinary tract infection (UTI). A UTI is essentially just inflammation of the urinary lining in response to an infection. When detecting a UTI we generally are looking for two things: bacteriuria (the presence... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
88c1if | why do prestigious brands allow discount supermarkets to copy them | More and more I notice discount supermarkets in the UK imitating brands to such an extent they are almost indistinguishable from the brand they try to copy.
Does this not infringe on any copyright? Essentially the original is paying for branding and marketing for the copycat.
Why do i not notice this so much in regu... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/88c1if/eli5_why_do_prestigious_brands_allow_discount/ | {
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"text": [
"In some cases the Main company might actually own the \"fake\" company and sell bad batches/same product under a new name so that they get alot more profit",
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
12k1ii | Is there a minimum energy required for a photon to exist? | Just wondering if the scale for energy in a photon (or any particle, for that matter) is actually continuous.
By continuous I mean is there a total real number of possible different levels of photon energy between some very small number and zero, or is there an infinite range of energy between, say 1 electron-volt a... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/12k1ii/is_there_a_minimum_energy_required_for_a_photon/ | {
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2
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"text": [
"There is no minimum limit on photon energy required to exist, though that depends on the size of the universe you're dealing with. A ph... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon_gas",
"http://sufizmveinsan.com/fizik/holographic.html"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyman_series"
],
[],
[]
] | |
zl6f0 | Why might a cat's eyes change color? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/zl6f0/why_might_a_cats_eyes_change_color/ | {
"a_id": [
"c65ji76"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Cat eye color is fairly variable. Most kittens are born with blue eyes and undergo changes in the color of their eye pigments between 3-12 weeks of age. By about 3 months of age a kitten's eyes should have matured into an adult color and stop c... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
5h87s9 | why mobile phone cameras don't have more manual settings? | I have an I phone. The camera has minimal settings that I can adjust manually. I understand that a lot of things are very unnecessary but there are some things (IE exposure, ISO) that seem like they could be useful and not terribly hard to add. Also how do apps from the app store apply these settings? Why couldn't Appl... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5h87s9/eli5why_mobile_phone_cameras_dont_have_more/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"(tag your post)\n\nMost people have no idea how to use exposure, ISO, and other advanced camera options. If Apple provided manual options for these in their default camera app, people might set it up wrong and then blame the... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2hnets | Did Alexander the Great hold any religious views that would have been considered unusual by his contemporaries? Was he a monotheist? | There is a [post](_URL_0_) on /r/todayilearned that claims Alexander was a monotheist as a result of Aristotle's teachings. The page the post links to doesn't seem to have any sources, it sounds kinda like bullshit to me. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2hnets/did_alexander_the_great_hold_any_religious_views/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckue4vq",
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"text": [
"I'm not well-versed on Alexander the Great, but I do know that Herodotus believed Alexander I (ancestor to The Great) to be descended from a line of Herakles (i.e. descended from Zeus), although the p... | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/2hmshh/til_alexander_the_great_and_aristotle_were/"
] | [
[
"http://klingschor.blogspot.com/2011/08/alexander-great-dhu-al-qarnayn-quran.html",
"http://www.islamawareness.net/FAQ/zulqarnain.html",
"https://journals.lib.byu.edu/spc/index.php/BYUStudies/article/download/6389/6038",
"http://www.akademiai.com/content/5l17666281033342/",
"http://www.livius.... | |
cfrhkr | American social mobility and wealth compared to Europe during the gilded age? | I'm puzzled by this. During the late 19th century a huge influx of European immigrants came to the USA seeking better lives. But the late 19th century was a period of rampant inequality in the United States. During the gilded age when all those immigrants were moving out of Europe, was America actually more socially mo... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cfrhkr/american_social_mobility_and_wealth_compared_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"euc6voj"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"So a major factor in immigration was the Great Depression of 1873 caused by an influx of American and Russian grain that lowered the price of grain and caused one of the most surefire capital investments - wheat futures - to begin to fail. Why i... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2mdg4g | why do people tag things (as in graffiti)? not like murals, but like illegible text tags in public bathroom or on a dumpster. what is the point? | I could maybe understand if it actually said something *remotely* proficient, but its seemingly mostly just scribbles. Why is it so prevelent? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2mdg4g/eli5_why_do_people_tag_things_as_in_graffiti_not/ | {
"a_id": [
"cm37xj4"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Its a kind of \"I was here\". Graffiti has been around for millennia, the pyramids have graffiti inside them from their builders, The ruins of Pompei have graffiti on them. It's an ancient tradition carried on through to today. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4n13kw | why people are sometimes compelled to watch things they know will make them sad/cry? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4n13kw/eli5_why_people_are_sometimes_compelled_to_watch/ | {
"a_id": [
"d400e56"
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"text": [
"[Here](_URL_0_) is a good article. \nThis quote sums a lot of it up: \n > A lot goes on in our brains when we watch sad, emotional, or tragic films, and what’s surprising is that a lot of this brain activity actually promotes feelings of happin... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://greatist.com/happiness/why-do-like-sad-movies"
]
] | ||
6s27oc | In aviation, why were tailwheel landing gear developed before tricycle gear? | And what prompted the development and dominance of tricycle gear today? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6s27oc/in_aviation_why_were_tailwheel_landing_gear/ | {
"a_id": [
"dlahxf1"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"This could be in the Short Answers section, because the answer is fairly simple. Tail-draggers ( like, a DC-3 or Piper Cub) could land on grass covered landing strips. On landing, the tail ( sometimes a skid on some earlier planes) would act as ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5mt4ka | What are some often overlooked long-term effects of WW 1 on Europe? | Hello,
I'm currently taking a European-centric history class and we're in the process of discussing the period of WW 1 atm and its aftermath.
While it is apparent to me that WW 1 had a destabilizing political, economic, social, and psychological impact on almost all aspects of life in Western Europe. I am wondering if... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5mt4ka/what_are_some_often_overlooked_longterm_effects/ | {
"a_id": [
"dc64x01",
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"text": [
"Hello there. Your question seems to be related to school work, so we just want to remind you, and any potential respondents, that [our rules](_URL_1_) DO permit people to ask for help with their homework, so long as they ar... | [] | [
"http://www.historymuse.net/readings/Remarque.html"
] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/theory#wiki_monday_methods.3A_finding_and_understanding_sources",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/rules#wiki_homework",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/35pkem/askhistorians_homework_question_policy_rehash/"
],
[]
] | |
blisis | What was the status of slavery in the Person Empire (500-330 BC)? | According to some Greek sources, Persia used slaves during around 330 BC. However, didn't Cyrus the Great abolish slavery? What was the status of slavery in the Person Empire (500-330 BC)?
The definition of slavery in this question would included people who were purchased as property for economic output, forced int... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/blisis/what_was_the_status_of_slavery_in_the_person/ | {
"a_id": [
"emowxkx"
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"score": [
3
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"text": [
"[This thread](_URL_0_) has some discussion from myself and /u/Aithiopika on slavery in the Achaemenid Empire through a particular case, with links to another discussion as well.\n\nThe short of it is that. no, Cyrus did not abolish slavery, but s... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/aygfe8/did_darius_the_great_pay_his_construction_laborers/"
]
] | |
3rf088 | how did people discover electricity and how did they invent the first electronic device? | I cant wrap my head around how the first electronic devices were thought of and realized? How was electricity discovered and how could you from just knowing about electricity create devices that runs on it? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3rf088/eli5_how_did_people_discover_electricity_and_how/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwnhnax"
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"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Essentially it all began because we observe electromagnetic effects in the world around us. For example static effects on metal shavings, lightning etc. This sparked curiosity by proponents like Benjamin Franklin. However the main leap was when w... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
ywryb | capillary action. i know what it is, but i cannot quite understand how/why it works. where does the force/energy come from that allows the fluids to move? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ywryb/eli5_capillary_action_i_know_what_it_is_but_i/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5ziax6"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"It's the attraction between your fluid and the wall of the container (adhesion) and the attraction between molecules of your fluid (cohesion). In other words, the energy comes from electromagnetic interaction.\n\nTake this for example. A ball sud... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2ux301 | do animals have phobias? | Are there wild animals out there with the same irrational fears as people? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ux301/eli5_do_animals_have_phobias/ | {
"a_id": [
"cocgiu4",
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2,
2
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"text": [
"Horses really don't like water surfaces (not really phobic since they don't trust the ground they cannot see, and being flight animals they really care for their legs). ",
"Fear is a pretty ubiquito... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1ze6ue | Force without acceleration? | I've been pondering this question for a while and I can't seem to come to a conclusion. I am currently exerting a force on the chair I'm sitting on, but, according to Newton's second law of motion, F=ma, but there is no acceleration present. How am I still exerting a force with no acceleration? I thought that it may ha... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ze6ue/force_without_acceleration/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfsxqbr",
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"score": [
25,
7
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"text": [
"In the equation F=ma, F is the **sum of all forces** acting on the object. In the case of you and the chair, your body is being pulled down to the chair by gravity but you're not accelerating straight through the chair so t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_force"
]
] | |
1v9jt2 | why did the usa invest in making new counterfeit proof $100 bills when a counterfeiter can just make older style $100 bills and still use them. | Why would a counterfeiter to even try making the complicated new $100 when everybody can still use the old ones with the old designs that are easier to duplicate. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1v9jt2/eli5_why_did_the_usa_invest_in_making_new/ | {
"a_id": [
"ceq1gh5",
"ceq1gkj",
"ceq1gqq"
],
"score": [
5,
13,
6
],
"text": [
"The old $100 bills will eventually fall out of circulation as they get destroyed in normal handling. On top of that, a brand new crisp $100 bill that still has the design of the old bill is very suspic... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
ssmb9 | If time slows as you speed up does the speed of light stay the same? | At our current speed it is around 3 million meters a second, but would that increase as you got closer to the speed of light because of the slowing down of relative time? If so, why is it called a universal constant? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ssmb9/if_time_slows_as_you_speed_up_does_the_speed_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4gmihc"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The speed of light in a vacuum will *always* be measured as c, by anybody. Relativity explains the differences required for someone in a different reference frame to measure the same value of c.\n\nYou are always at rest in your own reference fra... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
24gkmr | how do hallucinogenic drugs make you trip? | Is it just magic or? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/24gkmr/eli5_how_do_hallucinogenic_drugs_make_you_trip/ | {
"a_id": [
"ch6wkga",
"ch6wnf1"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Basically...\r\rThe chemicals make the little neurons in your brain that affect your five senses activate randomly/sequentially.",
"I've heard Acid actually creates new neural pathways in your brain.\n\nI think shrooms s... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
39d4r2 | Do men's or women's brains release more oxytocin during sex? | If a man and a woman were to have an orgasm of equal intensity, would the man's or woman’s brain release more oxytocin? Would their brains release the same because the orgasm was of equal intensity? Would the woman enjoy the orgasm more because the female orgasm involves more brain activity? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/39d4r2/do_mens_or_womens_brains_release_more_oxytocin/ | {
"a_id": [
"cs407v1"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I don't know, but the amount of hormone released might be irrelevant. The effects of oxytocin and the sensitivity to those effects is very different among men and women.\n\nThe pro-social effects of oxytocin are faster and stronger on women than ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
vby45 | I have two Window fans and two windows in a 11 1/2 x 11 1/2 Room. What would be the best way to cool my room down? | My windows are right next to each other on the same wall if that helps.
One fan is your typical box fan
The other is a smaller fan but the front oscillates
[Heres a pictures, that front wheel thingy spins](_URL_0_) | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/vby45/i_have_two_window_fans_and_two_windows_in_a_11_12/ | {
"a_id": [
"c534bl3",
"c534d7i"
],
"score": [
2,
8
],
"text": [
"What heat loads are in the room? Computer? Monitors? TV? Rotisserie oven?\n\nI assume Northern Hemisphere since you're looking to cool your room in June, but which way do the windows face? \n\nWhere is the door?\n\nWhat... | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/NwAy5.jpg"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
an3z2q | I need your help r/askhistorians. I've been trying to get a meaningful response to this but it continues to evade me: To what extent are accounts of the Ukrainian Famine of 1932-1933 (known as the Holodomor) accurate and reliable? | I used the search bar and the FAQ and the questions on this topic aren't addressing what I'm trying to figure out.
I recently heard a take on the Holodomor, admittedly from people that would be considered more or less Soviet apologists (aka Tankies) that the famine was mostly a product of Western propaganda. They clai... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/an3z2q/i_need_your_help_raskhistorians_ive_been_trying/ | {
"a_id": [
"efqkcvp"
],
"score": [
20
],
"text": [
"You may find some edifying material in this thread: _URL_0_\n\nAs well as some contextualizing information on Holodomor denial in this one: _URL_2_\n\n\nHere is a link to the final report of the Holodomor commission, an independent, non-governme... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ackguz/what_do_historians_agree_on_about_the_holodomor/",
"https://web.archive.org/web/20080910085025/http://www.ukrainianworldcongress.org/Holodomor/Holodomor-Commission.pdf",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/a8r2fa/to_what_extent_are_t... | |
1073v3 | Can blind people donate their eyes or parts of their eyes, to restore sight in someone else? | I am not blind and can only speculate on how life would be if I were. I think I would want to give that gift to someone or restore it in someone, if I was unable to ever have it. I know it would all depend on what the cause of the blindness is, what is damaged, etc. Do blind people already donate parts of their eyes? O... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1073v3/can_blind_people_donate_their_eyes_or_parts_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6ayi6i"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"Eye donation consists primarily of replacing the cornea (the clear part of the eye) into the living recipient from the donor. As long as the cornea is healthy, the person can donate irrespective of blindness due to other causes."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3edqyr | how come some animals seem to be able to wake up and be alert instantly, while with humans we often need a good 30 minutes to feel awake. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3edqyr/eli5_how_come_some_animals_seem_to_be_able_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctdyeqd",
"ctdz5h6"
],
"score": [
11,
4
],
"text": [
"Who is this \"we\" you speak of? I know plenty of people who can just get up and go. It's not really that hard. ",
"If i'll wake you up with screaming and gun in my hand you will instantly feel awake and be ready to run... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
4ul0vx | Why do rare events that result in death, such as terrorism, elicit more fear than more common events, such as riding in a faulty elavator? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4ul0vx/why_do_rare_events_that_result_in_death_such_as/ | {
"a_id": [
"d65a4x4",
"d5qybay",
"d5qzpqb",
"d5r3oz7"
],
"score": [
2,
7,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"This is due to availability heuristic. A heuristic is a way a person solves a problem and makes judgement without putting too much mental effort. Availability heuristic does this w... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.verywell.com/what-is-a-heuristic-2795235",
"http://journalistsresource.org/studies/environment/transportation/comparing-fatality-risks-united-states-transportation-across-modes-time",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_wkv1Gx2vM"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://blalock.dyson.cornell.edu/... | ||
1picnl | Why do ionic solids not attract each other and snap into place? | Why do two salt crystals not snap together when i put them next to each other? Shouldn't the ions from either crystal attract the other crystal? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1picnl/why_do_ionic_solids_not_attract_each_other_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd2okyf"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"The entire crystal has a net neutral charge otherwise it would fly apart due to electrostatics so there is no net force attracting two different crystals together.\n\nAdditionally, the surfaces of the materials are not perfectly smooth. You actu... | [] | [] | [
[]
] |
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