q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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5n90ia | how does a mechanical keyboard improve typing speed? | I'm already a pretty swift typer, but my dad is a notoriously slow typer. I let him take a look at my clickity-clackity mechanical keyboard, and he was able to type at a much rate than normal (he still typed with one finger on each hand regardless, but quicker than usual). Is it the difference in tactile and sound feed... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5n90ia/eli5_how_does_a_mechanical_keyboard_improve/ | {
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"Tactile feedback is improved, resulting in less missed keys, AND key actuation rate (the speed at which the keys move up and down) is greatly improved, resulting in a more fluid key movement, which can contribute quite a bit to speed."
]
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[]
] | |
26meht | When did depictions of Hindu gods begin having more than two arms? | Was it a particular scripture that describes them as such, or was it a trend in one part that became fashionable over time? Certain deities are almost never shown with multiple arms (like Ganesh) while others are almost always shown with many (Kali). | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/26meht/when_did_depictions_of_hindu_gods_begin_having/ | {
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"The *Vedas* actually are fairly aniconic, and so the depiction of what we call today the Hindu gods was relatively late, not until the early centuries CE with he development of so-called Puranic or Shramanic Hinduism. This in turn was probably a ... | [] | [] | [
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155vfr | if you are traveling faster than the speed of sound and you turn to say something to you friend, will they hear it ? | The scene: you are in a jet going faster than the speed of sound, but the air inside is still. Will you hear things ?
If so, its sound traveling faster than the speed of sound.
If not, where is it going ?
| explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/155vfr/if_you_are_traveling_faster_than_the_speed_of/ | {
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"Similar to this but the pressurised cabin is Felix's pressurised suit. \n \n_URL_0_ \n \ntl;dr Yes, because the air is moving at that speed already the air is motionless in effect (from the cabin i... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/explainer/2012/10/felix_baumgartner_supersonic_skydive_will_he_be_able_to_hear_his_own_voice.html"
],
[],
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4emmmb | why is there an attendance policy for many classes in college when i'm the one paying for the classes? | I am the customer. The professor gets paid to teach regardless of attendance. Thank you in advance for your response(s). | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4emmmb/eli5_why_is_there_an_attendance_policy_for_many/ | {
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6pk9cf | why do american cargo trucks have the engine sticking out in front of the driver whereas european trucks have the engine below the driver? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6pk9cf/eli5_why_do_american_cargo_trucks_have_the_engine/ | {
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"European trucks tend to have to get into smaller spaces inside older cities built before cars were invented. The engine below trucks otherwise known as *cab-over* are shorter and allow the drivers to ma... | [] | [] | [
[],
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8awo55 | Monday Methods: Who we are is defined by who we aren't – Edward Said and Orientalism | Welcome to Monday Methods, a bi-weekly feature where we discuss, explain, and explore historical methods, historiography, and theoretical frameworks concerning history. Today's topic is Edward Said's book *Orientalism* and how it exemplifies what cultural scholars, historians and so forth frequently describe as "otheri... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8awo55/monday_methods_who_we_are_is_defined_by_who_we/ | {
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"text": [
"Good post. Do modern day historians, particularly historians of the \"orient, still use Said's Orientalism theory directly? Or have... | [] | [
"https://sites.evergreen.edu/politicalshakespeares/wp-content/uploads/sites/33/2014/12/Said_full.pdf",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6cmtpw/monday_methods_a_special_episode_of_our_podcast/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5e9s91/monday_methods_marxism_and_hegemony/"
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[],
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5z36fn | What were students in the Soviet Union taught about other forms of socialism, particularly Maoism and Trotskyism? | Did the Soviet curriculum on Marxism describe tendencies critical of the Soviet government? Ideology was such a substantial part of why China broke away from the Soviet bloc, that I'm interested in how this theoretical break was officially described. If a Russian college student wanted to learn about Mao Zedong thought... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5z36fn/what_were_students_in_the_soviet_union_taught/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"To piggy back off of your question...\n\nWas Gramsci ever taught to Soviets? I can see how Gramsci might be considered particularly unpalatable to the Soviet system, so I would be shocked if the answer was \"Yes.\""
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2ksu7c | what will they do with the royals world series champions shirts? | Obviously, before the Giants won the World Series last night, both teams premade a ton of T-shirts so that they could be sold as soon as either side won. The Giants shirts will be sold, but what will happen to the Royals shirts? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ksu7c/eli5_what_will_they_do_with_the_royals_world/ | {
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"At least some of the time, those kinds of products get donated to places like the really poor parts of third-world countries. There's some great pictures floating around the internet of rural African kids wearing championsh... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | |
1w0kuu | how does my body let out a fart and not also all my stools, even when watery? | The colon seems like an upside down valve. You'd think that if you open the valve, even a little, all would come out. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1w0kuu/eli5_how_does_my_body_let_out_a_fart_and_not_also/ | {
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"text": [
"Psh, speak for yourself. If mine is \"watery\" it's like an air powered paint grenade.",
"I would assume it involves pressure differences. Gas has a higher pressure than liquid. The air outside of your butt has a lower... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
266elf | What are the interrelationships between tool-steel metallurgical properties? | The website for Hock Tools says this on their tool steel page:
"The three qualities that most effect the selection of a steel for a hand-tool application are edge-holding, sharpenability, and corrosion-resistance. For metallurgical reasons, you can only have two of the three."
Can someone explain more and why this wo... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/266elf/what_are_the_interrelationships_between_toolsteel/ | {
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"The website explains it in the following paragraphs, perhaps not that well:\n\n_URL_0_\n\nThe choices are low-carbon steel, high-carbon steel, and alloy (stainless) steel. The authors may be overgeneralizing, because there are many, many differe... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.hocktools.com/toolsteel.htm"
]
] | |
1zcpl5 | When they were independent, how were Duchies, Principalities and Marquisates effectively different than kingdoms? If you were monarch of a sovereign state, why wouldn't you call yourself a king? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1zcpl5/when_they_were_independent_how_were_duchies/ | {
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"text": [
"Fully independent happened very rarely - at least in theory, they were vassal to someone, and even if they fought that off, the theoretical liege lord could at any time with the... | [] | [] | [
[],
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16ozix | why in grade school i used 30+ year old textbooks, but in college textbooks last one semester? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/16ozix/eli5_why_in_grade_school_i_used_30_year_old/ | {
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"because in college the students have to pay for the books in order to study and they may... | [] | [] | [
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21igr6 | how do lungs control breathing rate? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/21igr6/eli5_how_do_lungs_control_breathing_rate/ | {
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"text": [
"You have a muscle called the diaphragm which actually does the work. _URL_0_\n\nAs it contracts, it \"opens\" your lungs so they take in air. ",
"Your lungs actually inflate and deflate according to... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Respiratory_system.svg"
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"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Na-ZvufXwng"
],
[
"http://youtu.be/63E91FI11VY?t=48m41s"
]
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2mruxr | what is imax and how is it better than normal cinema screens? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2mruxr/eli5_what_is_imax_and_how_is_it_better_than/ | {
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"text": [
"Bigger film = bigger projection with better quality. ",
"Normal film shoots on 35mm film, while IMAX film shoots on 70mm film. Larger film means that you can enlarge the picture way beyond a normal ... | [] | [] | [
[],
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2q47p6 | Do some snowflakes have depth to them? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2q47p6/do_some_snowflakes_have_depth_to_them/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"All snowflakes have depth to them. [Though some are more \"three-dimensional than others](_URL_0_)."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.its.caltech.edu/~atomic/snowcrystals/class/snowtypes4.jpg"
]
] | ||
2gmx4e | How are the receptor sites on synapses cleared or cleaned? | Once a neurotransmitter gets into a site is it absorbed? Are there free floating custodial cells the regularly clears out used transmitters? Do they break down into the intercellular solution? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2gmx4e/how_are_the_receptor_sites_on_synapses_cleared_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckkqyb4",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The binding of neurotransmitters to their receptors is completely reversible. That is to say, once a neurotransmitter binds to it's receptor, it will eventually unbind from the receptor. Indeed, when we talk about the \"affi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3szkrd | . why are some people born not as smart as others, not accounting for mental disabilities? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3szkrd/eli5_why_are_some_people_born_not_as_smart_as/ | {
"a_id": [
"cx1tmrm"
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"text": [
"It actually isn't clear that anyone is born more or less smart than someone else. At least not significantly so. \"Smartness\" is enormously affected by education, and people have a huge range of different educational experiences."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1swa7c | Why did Japan never adopt the crossbow? | Japan doesn't seem to have adopted the crossbow at any time in its pre-gunpowder history. At least, I've never seen a crossbow depicted in Japanese history -- bows and spears, certainly, but not crossbows. I find this very confusing mainly for two reasons: i) the interchange of technology and ideas between Japan and Ch... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1swa7c/why_did_japan_never_adopt_the_crossbow/ | {
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"text": [
"I would note at the outset that there are some mentions of the crossbow in Japanese history. Just google 'oyumi' for some background information. It is, however, correct to note that their usage is vastly less prevalent th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://books.google.com/books?id=DROBAV-DQ9IC&pg=PT262&lpg=PT262&dq=conlan+warfare+in+japan&source=bl&ots=igqVjGpDUx&sig=jOUFEy-tedjaq9UfHktFB0KLpxc&hl=ja&sa=X&ei=2Q6tUtmcIoapyAHll4DABA&ved=0CIABEOgBMAc#v=onepage&q=conlan%20warfare%20in%20japan&f=false",
... | |
2oflfs | why don't women catcall men? | I'm sure it happens but not nearly as often as the other way around. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2oflfs/eli5_why_dont_women_catcall_men/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Women are not encouraged to express their sexuality in the same way as men in our culture. Women actually having lots of sex or otherwise finding too many men attractive is frowned upon (the term \"slut shaming\" is used to describe this). "
]
... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1bpaws | Why was obsidian so valuable to prehistoric peoples? | I realize this is a bit more of an archaeology question, but we have several active archaeologists here, so I figured I would ask. I'm finding in my reading that it seems like every culture I read about uses obsidian, in Asia, North and South America, and Mesopotamia. And not only did they use it, they established tr... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1bpaws/why_was_obsidian_so_valuable_to_prehistoric/ | {
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"text": [
"Obsidian can be used to make sharp cutting tools. It is a hard stone to work, but the thin flakes can be shaped and turned into very effective knives. It is more brittle than metal, but it... | [] | [
"http://scholar.berkeley.edu/junkohabu/publications/seafaring-and-development-cultural-complexity-northeast-asia-evidence-japanes"
] | [
[],
[
"http://smg.photobucket.com/user/centauraeblan/media/Museum%20of%20Natural%20History/aztec020.jpg.html",
"http://books.google.com/books?id=NszrR18-NDAC&lpg=PA177&dq=Tezcatlipoca%20obsidian%20mirror&pg=PA177#v=onepage&q&f=false"
]
] | |
herdf | Are there any documented cases of evolution where there has been speciation? | I have a religious but otherwise very reasonable friend and I have finally piqued her curiosity with evolution, specially since she is studying medicine and we have been discussing the pharyngula stage, vestigial features, etc.
The thing is she says she accepts microevolution, but she does not believe two species can... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/herdf/are_there_any_documented_cases_of_evolution_where/ | {
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"text": [
"Well, I was going to post a giant list, but it was over the word limit... so start here:\... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.scienceforums.net/topic/13511-observed-speciation/"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._coli_long-term_evolution_experiment"
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[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Greatest_Show_on_Earth:_The_Evidence_for_Evolution"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciation",
"htt... | |
3ap89v | why does grammar seem to be less important in spoken language than in written language. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ap89v/eli5_why_does_grammar_seem_to_be_less_important/ | {
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"text": [
"Intonation.\n\nThere's an old acting exercise where you try to say the word 'hello' as many ways as possible. \n\nTry playing 'mute' in your next conversation; you'd be amazed how much information you convey without words."... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestige_(sociolinguistics)"
]
] | ||
1pzljg | Is walking to work more polluting than driving? | [This article](_URL_0_) says so. The argument is basically:
Walking burns calories. You have to replace those calories by eating food. Making food requires pollution. And it makes so much pollution, you're better off driving to work?
Does this sound right to you? It sounds fishy to me. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1pzljg/is_walking_to_work_more_polluting_than_driving/ | {
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"text": [
"You're probably still going to eat that food whether you walk to work or not. But now there is the elimination of the pollution from your vehicle, which is ... | [] | [
"http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2013/McKenziewalking.html"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://physics.ucsd.edu/do-the-math/2011/11/mpg-of-a-human/",
"http://www.transportation.anl.gov/pdfs/TA/165.pdf"
],
[]
] | |
44vnpm | if both parties agree gerrymandering is bad and accusing the other side of the aisle, what is truly preventing gerrymandering from being outlawed? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/44vnpm/eli5_if_both_parties_agree_gerrymandering_is_bad/ | {
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"text": [
"Gerrymandering is only bad for one party, an... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redistricting_commission"
],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_system"
],
[]
] | ||
xash5 | What makes air smell "fresh"? | I opened up my window today and a pleasant scent rolled in with the air that people usually call "fresh air". I went outside and it is a gorgeous day! What makes air smell fresh and is it related to what we consider good weather? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/xash5/what_makes_air_smell_fresh/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5kvq84"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"could it just be the absence of other scents?"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3vsvl3 | Did Coca-Cola really create the current image of Santa Claus? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3vsvl3/did_cocacola_really_create_the_current_image_of/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Thanks to /u/Subs-man for summoning me with confidence that may or may not be warranted.\n\nCultural icons like Santa Claus naturally attract a great deal of attention, and anyone who asserts that they found the \"real source\" of this sort of th... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/harp/1225.html",
"http://cartoons.osu.edu/digital_albums/thomasnast/santa_camp.htm"
]
] | ||
u72u1 | why isn't french a lingua franca anymore? | I know that the British empire and the US economy were crucial to impose English as a Lingua Franca but I've always wondered if there's a reason in French by itself that made it less easy to learn or something.
I mean, despite the outcome of WWII French was taught as a second language at school in many countries for y... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/u72u1/why_isnt_french_a_lingua_franca_anymore/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It *is* a Lingua Franca, in much of Africa, and in several parts of the middle east.\n\nIt's also an extremely popular second (third, fourth, fifth) language in other parts of the world.\n\nThe reason English has become so popular is because it's... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_international_organisations_which_have_French_as_an_official_language"
] | [
[]
] | |
2au3v4 | How was land divvied out to settlers in the US during colonization? Was there ever a point where it was sold by the local or federal government? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2au3v4/how_was_land_divvied_out_to_settlers_in_the_us/ | {
"a_id": [
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2
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"text": [
"I can talk a bit about post-independence land sales. You mentioned federal which is period after constitution came into force. \n\nAnyway, as an example in Georgia in 1795 they had the Yazoo Land Frau... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.lwv.org/content/history-federal-government-public-education-where-have-we-been-and-how-did-we-get-here",
"http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/landrush.htm",
"http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=8",
"http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/homestead-act/"
... | ||
an6lwz | With a powerful telescope, is it possible to see the 'outline' of certain stars? Or are they all simply too far away for them to appear as anything else other than a point of light no matter the magnification? | And if it turns out that it is possible, please share a picture or two! | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/an6lwz/with_a_powerful_telescope_is_it_possible_to_see/ | {
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"score": [
85,
15,
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],
"text": [
"[There are some stars that we can very roughly resolve](_URL_1_), e.g. [Mira (Hubble Space Telescope)](_URL_3_) or [Pi1_Gruis (Very Large Telescope)](_URL_2_). \nThe limit for resolution comes from th... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.astro.uu.se/~oleg/images/53cam_abn.jpg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_stars_with_resolved_images",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi1_Gruis#/media/File:The_surface_of_the_red_giant_star_%CF%801_Gruis_from_PIONIER_on_the_VLT.jpg",
"https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/9708/mira_hs... | |
5n5qtz | why are electric rails in public transportation unaffected by rain? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5n5qtz/eli5_why_are_electric_rails_in_public/ | {
"a_id": [
"dc8tylp"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Even wet things have resistance. Put enough space between the voltage difference and there will be minimal current flow. Look at the insulators in overhead wires. The really high voltage ones are built in ripples to increase the distance between... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
xq3d4 | Why do we use operator precedence to eliminate ambiguity in math instead of simply "going left to right"? | I was explaining order of operations to my mom (because of those "What is 5+5+5-5+5-5+5x0" questions on Facebook) and she asked why they decided that it worked like that instead of just going left to right. I understand the need for some kind of rule so that there's no ambiguity, but it seems like simply always going l... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/xq3d4/why_do_we_use_operator_precedence_to_eliminate/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5olnya",
"c5omabp",
"c5omblu",
"c5oo9gh",
"c5oqqih"
],
"score": [
25,
6,
10,
3,
5
],
"text": [
"It's because of the prevalence of coefficients and exponents on variables in algebra. For instance, take the expression 2x + 3y. If we were to use your wa... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation"
],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_(abstract_data_type)",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forth_... | |
460qnt | Why is the switch from IPv4 to IPv6 so difficult? What key principles are slowing migration to the new standard? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/460qnt/why_is_the_switch_from_ipv4_to_ipv6_so_difficult/ | {
"a_id": [
"d01sqhi",
"d01tx58",
"d01vh1d",
"d020svs"
],
"score": [
3,
30,
8,
2
],
"text": [
"In America, there are still plenty of v4 IPs available. Although you might not be able to get a direct allocation from ARIN, any co-location provider or major ISP should be able t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://cr.yp.to/djbdns/ipv6mess.html"
]
] | ||
3ysxvq | Stories about Germans fighting their way to allied lines to avoid soviet capture | Where can I find good information on this, preferably individual stories on the matter | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3ysxvq/stories_about_germans_fighting_their_way_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"cygct35"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"There are many stories. A very good one is that of General Walther Wenck, commander of the 12th Army, which Hitler called on to break the siege of Berlin. After trying and seeing it impossible, Wenck pivoted his troops to the east to help the bel... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.pnn.de/pm/85684/"
]
] | |
6uf2vz | [Book Recommendation] Geopolitical history of Medival Europe | I'm looking for a broad *geopolitical* history Medieval Europe (~400-1400),
in the spirit of Brendan Simms' *Europe: The Struggle for Supremacy from 1453 to the Present*. Can you recommend such a book?
Many thanks for considering my request. I will greatly appreciate any help you can provide. | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6uf2vz/book_recommendation_geopolitical_history_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"dlsi3tf"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"There have been a few attempts to apply IR theory to the Middle Ages, although I have to warn you it's not going to look like modern geopolitics in the sense of sovereign actors (states or otherwise) acting in their own interests. The general rol... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4subv0 | why do torrents for tv shows come out within hours of the episode, but for movies it often takes weeks? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4subv0/eli5_why_do_torrents_for_tv_shows_come_out_within/ | {
"a_id": [
"d5c68sa"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"For TV shows, someone has the recording equipment and software all prepped and ready for the airing of the show. So all they have to do is record it, encode it, and create the torrent. In contrast, movies first show in a theater. Theaters have po... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
bnf3ro | i recently learned that the sun is actually further away from earth in the summer. how is it warmer during the summer, yet it’s farther away from us then in the winter? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bnf3ro/eli5_i_recently_learned_that_the_sun_is_actually/ | {
"a_id": [
"en4z7kr",
"en50mru"
],
"score": [
21,
5
],
"text": [
"The seasons are caused by the angle the light from the sun is hitting us at (and how long each day), which in turn comes from the Earth being tilted. In the summer, it's hitting the northern hemisphere more directly, so it ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.es-static.us/upl/2012/12/seasons_solstice_equinox_NASA.jpeg"
]
] | ||
e4ls5e | Does the brain send signals consistently to keep a muscle in the same state? | When I, for example, hold one arm straight to the side, does the brain continuously give the signal to keep the muscle extended or does it just make the arm extend once and it will stay extended until a different signal comes in? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/e4ls5e/does_the_brain_send_signals_consistently_to_keep/ | {
"a_id": [
"f9egren"
],
"score": [
95
],
"text": [
"yes - you can think of muscles as huge bundles of motor units, which are small bundles of muscle cells. Each motor unit has its own motor neuron. When you raise one arm out to the side and are holding it there, your motor cortex is sending out... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5ynt9p | How are strong acids neutralized by weak bases, and vice versa? | In school we were always taught that bases neutralized acids, and acids neutralized bases. However, how are acids that are very strong able to be nuetralized easily by very weak bases? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5ynt9p/how_are_strong_acids_neutralized_by_weak_bases/ | {
"a_id": [
"desorvy",
"desshxs"
],
"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"The terms strong and weak are generally used to describe the ability of an acid or base to react with water. Water is both a very weak base and a very weak acid. This means that an acid has to be pretty good at donating H^... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.creative-chemistry.org.uk/alevel/module4/documents/N-ch4-05.pdf",
"http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acidbaseeqia/sawb1.gif"
]
] | |
5shv9a | whats the difference between being passive aggressive and sarcastic. | This has always confused me and i ask my friends and they cant explain it. ELI5 please and give examples of each please. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5shv9a/eli5_whats_the_difference_between_being_passive/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddf6i49",
"ddfa9by"
],
"score": [
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Passive-aggressive behavior is a way of expressing hostility in an indirect way, so it can be denied when confronted.\n\nIt can manifest itself in a variety of ways. You might intentionally forget something important in ret... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
fo8zxi | Before the columbian exchange why weren't the Native Americans as interconnected as the europeans? Would that not of helped them advance in technology? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/fo8zxi/before_the_columbian_exchange_why_werent_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"fle176w"
],
"score": [
16
],
"text": [
"Hello, I am someone who went to school for archaeology in the US and has done archaeological field work. My specialty is the American SW, but I do have a general educational background.\n\nI'd like to say that answering this question is difficul... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2kmwm0 | Why are there no pictures of China's famine during the Great Leap Forward from 1958-1961? | We often see pictures of the Holocaust, Holomdor, Bengal Famine, nuclear bombings of Japan, Japanese war crimes, etc. But, we never see pictures of China's famine under Mao and I cannot even find pictures of it anywhere online. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2kmwm0/why_are_there_no_pictures_of_chinas_famine_during/ | {
"a_id": [
"clmx4oq"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"The lack of pictures is related to the fact that officials were covering up the existence of the famine from upper government officials and foreign visitors as long as they could. \n\nNow, there is *written* description as well as numerous witnes... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3l4xtp | photosynthesis. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3l4xtp/eli5_photosynthesis/ | {
"a_id": [
"cv3814q"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I'm just going to throw the complicated equation out there and break it down piece by piece.\n\n6CO*_2_* + 6 H*_2_*O + sunlight ==== > C*_6_*H*_12_*O*_6_* + 6O*_2_*\n\nChemically this describes the process of photosynthesis, now the ELI5:\n\nThe... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1q0kj4 | why do you feel distress in the heart region when you think about something emotionally painful? why there and not in any other part of the body? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1q0kj4/eli5_why_do_you_feel_distress_in_the_heart_region/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd7xt03"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"The neurological process involved in the perception of heartache is not known, but is thought to involve the anterior cingulate cortex of the brain, which during stress may overstimulate the vagus nerve causing pain, nausea or muscle tightness in... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=what-causes-chest-pains"
]
] | ||
3i3fh9 | Does my phone weigh more when it's charged? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3i3fh9/does_my_phone_weigh_more_when_its_charged/ | {
"a_id": [
"cucxsde"
],
"score": [
73
],
"text": [
"Yes, the total mass will increase by a tiny tiny tiny bit upon charging due to the additional electrochemical energy pumped into the battery. Counter-intuitive though this may seem, [the mass-energy equivalence principle](_URL_0_) is nevertheles... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%E2%80%93energy_equivalence"
]
] | ||
12ccqr | What limitations does lacking a language place on the human brain's ability to think logically/reason? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/12ccqr/what_limitations_does_lacking_a_language_place_on/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6txl40",
"c6u2im8",
"c6u35bb",
"c6u7fkf"
],
"score": [
5,
2,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Being deaf is not the same as not knowing a language. Could you clarify your question a bit more?",
"See Linguistic Determinism and Linguistic Relativity. ",
"_URL_0_\n\nTH... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://www.grandin.com/inc/visual.thinking.html"
],
[
"http://www.radiolab.org/2010/aug/09/words-that-change-the-world/"
]
] | ||
35k9yu | why do i sometimes get an eyelash type hair on my arms? | I mean like a really dark, somewhat thicker hair that easily stands out to me. Is it just an illusion or something? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/35k9yu/eli5why_do_i_sometimes_get_an_eyelash_type_hair/ | {
"a_id": [
"cr593i2"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Chances are you have a lot of melanin in that specific follicle and it makes your hair darker, it usually happens on or around moles and freckles."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1qx9fb | How true is the assertion that the culture of the Roman Empire was much more martial and militaristic compared to the Han Chinese Empire? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1qx9fb/how_true_is_the_assertion_that_the_culture_of_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdhlwqy"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"Well the Roman military was generally more central to the political organization of the Empire and in many ways to society at large, but that is really more of an institutional matter. I'm not certain that comparing rates of \"militarism\" is som... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7eb4n4 | Opinions on "They Came Before Columbus" by Dr. Ivan Sertima | Over at r/Africa someone posted an article about African cities and one of the claims in the article is that Africans reached the Americas before Columbus.
I live in Africa myself and love learning about the often overlooked history of the continent but this claim seems dubious to me. A quick browse through the artic... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7eb4n4/opinions_on_they_came_before_columbus_by_dr_ivan/ | {
"a_id": [
"dq3si37"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"I've written previously on van Sertima [here](_URL_1_), covering a lot of the topics in the book. This *Current Anthropology* [article](_URL_2_)also goes into further detail on some notable claims in the books]. Recent genetic research shows [no ... | [] | [
"http://www.corespirit.com/100-amazing-african-cities-completely-destroyed-europeans/"
] | [
[
"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XDVCNOQY1nogMg9VRmXAXz-Fu56bezyd/view?usp=sharing",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3qcow0/what_is_some_of_the_best_evidence_that/cwea4so/",
"https://www.unl.edu/rhames/courses/current/vansertima.pdf",
"https://drive.google.com/file/d/13LuDMC1SOHm... | |
1f2bxj | How was the War of 1812 related to the Napoleonic Wars? | Besides Impressment | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1f2bxj/how_was_the_war_of_1812_related_to_the_napoleonic/ | {
"a_id": [
"ca63s5n"
],
"score": [
12
],
"text": [
"Well, basically, one of the big causes of the war (How important it was depends on who you ask or read, though!) was Britain's impressment of American sailors from American ships. They were doing this because trained sailors were a valuable comm... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5cry7k | ; i heard that the president of the us needs permission from congress to go to war, but i also heard that the president has nuclear launch codes and if he gives the order to attack it must be followed. wtf!? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5cry7k/eli5_i_heard_that_the_president_of_the_us_needs/ | {
"a_id": [
"d9yvad4",
"d9yvcol"
],
"score": [
4,
8
],
"text": [
"Going to war and sending troops to attack someone are two different things. \n\nThe President, being the Commander-in-Chief of the US military can direct that military, including nukes, to attack any place or person in the w... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
o7ux2 | What are the mechanics behind some animals having a good sense of smell? | There seem to be several measures of a "good sense of smell". Some animals seem to be able to pick out one scent among many others. Other animals, like sharks supposedly smelling blood in water miles away, seem to be able to sense minuscule portions. Do both these capabilities boil down to the same basic functions? Wha... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/o7ux2/what_are_the_mechanics_behind_some_animals_having/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3f3pts"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It's generally put down to the size of the olfactory epithelium and the number of active olfactory receptors genes.\n\nThat is, the amount of tissue within the nose that has cells that express receptors for picking up smells can vary a lot. A hum... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
71o9ic | why does our body heat up (and start sweating) when we are in pain? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/71o9ic/eli5_why_does_our_body_heat_up_and_start_sweating/ | {
"a_id": [
"dnc9vo9",
"dncbt55"
],
"score": [
3,
8
],
"text": [
"Pain in any part of the body triggers the release of a hormone called adrenaline. This hormone causes which we called \"Fight or Flight\" response. Basically, it makes Our body ready for either fighting the pain or running a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
48vbpu | how an inch of rain equates a foot of snow | Based off of this article:
_URL_0_ | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/48vbpu/eli5how_an_inch_of_rain_equates_a_foot_of_snow/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0mufdx",
"d0muifw",
"d0mvydz"
],
"score": [
22,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Snow is fluffy. If you melt a foot of snow, the fluffiness goes away and discover it was only an inch of water. The rest was air.",
"Water is denser than snow. When snowflakes pile on top of each o... | [] | [
"http://snowbrains.com/miracle-march-snowfall-totals-for-western-usa-just-keep-getting-bigger/"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
bbccdi | why does it hurt so much more and longer, after ripping skin off near your finger nail compared to your toe nail? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bbccdi/eli5_why_does_it_hurt_so_much_more_and_longer/ | {
"a_id": [
"ekhspd4",
"ekhsx21"
],
"score": [
3,
3
],
"text": [
"Your fingers are far more sensitive than your toes, mostly because we use our fingers to interact with the world while our toes are just used to help us run faster.",
"You have more nerve ending in your fingers. You also... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
b3qvws | Why are most landmasses on Earth continent-sized and not just a bunch of little islands? Is there a reason why most of our land is clumped together? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/b3qvws/why_are_most_landmasses_on_earth_continentsized/ | {
"a_id": [
"ej2v7ku",
"ej37iem"
],
"score": [
3,
7
],
"text": [
"It's mostly just due to how the the circumstances to create plate boundaries which push continents away from each other (such as the mid atlantic ridge) are rare and mysterious. There's a (future) mid oceanic ridge forming i... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3h3ihp | Is there any evidence that the Soviet Union had the atomic bomb before America did? | I am currently teaching English and Russia, and a substantial number of people I have talked to are laboring under the impression that the Soviets had the A-bomb before the US did. This seems incorrect to me. What is the history and the historiography behind this? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3h3ihp/is_there_any_evidence_that_the_soviet_union_had/ | {
"a_id": [
"cu40ev2"
],
"score": [
14
],
"text": [
"The Soviet Union did not explode their first atomic bomb until 1949. There were a small number of Russian scientists that worked on the theory of nuclear fission before 1941, but it wasn't until after Germany collapsed, that Stalin ordered the S... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1h3fe3 | Why did the Mongols not conquer Byzantium? | It seems that geographically they came very close. I'm curious why it never happened. Was it on the Mongol agenda? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1h3fe3/why_did_the_mongols_not_conquer_byzantium/ | {
"a_id": [
"caqnfc4",
"caqqh6l"
],
"score": [
5,
5
],
"text": [
"Forgive me, I am not formally educated in this area, but I believe the mongols had a hard time with large walls and castles. The Theodosian Walls in Constantinople would have been quite the challenge for a Mongol army, and i... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
8j73he | How were the peoples of the different pre-unification states of Italy viewed by the rest of Europe? | I am interested in the Italian pre-unification states, and was wondering if any of you know how the peoples of these states where viewed by the Europe. I don't mean how the Italians as a whole where viewed but how people viewed the people of Piedmont for example. In many ways what were the stereotypes of the people of ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8j73he/how_were_the_peoples_of_the_different/ | {
"a_id": [
"dyy2p9t"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"I'll assume that by \"pre-unification\" you mean in the period between Napoleonic Italy and Italian Unification; although the Italian States created by what is more widely referred to as \"The European Restoration\" were the successors of politie... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/26th-july-1851/14/mr-gladstones-pamphlet-on-naples"
]
] | |
3t1qyz | if usps postman doesn't ask for my sign and drops off package, what's stopping someone from ordering expensive stuff from amazon and claiming it never arrived ? | I've never seen any USPS postman asking for signature. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3t1qyz/eli5_if_usps_postman_doesnt_ask_for_my_sign_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"cx2c41x",
"cx2fpsv",
"cx2hcph"
],
"score": [
9,
8,
2
],
"text": [
"The shipper decides if a signature is needed. I have delivered $5 items requiring a signature and also left $2000 items on a porch when the shipper did not require proof of delivery. \n\nSource: Ex FedE... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
llj14 | Which single species accounts for the largest portion of earth's biomass? | Also, since some population models predict human numbers rising to 15 billion this century, will this change our rank in terms of biomass and what are the environmental effects of having so much additional water contained within ballooning human biomass?
Source: _URL_0_ | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/llj14/which_single_species_accounts_for_the_largest/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2tnw0v",
"c2to9u4",
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"c2tnw0v",
"c2to9u4",
"c2toefy",
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"c2tpiij"
],
"score": [
12,
4,
2,
4,
2,
12,
4,
2,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"[According to wikipedia](_URL_1_) (I hope this... | [] | [
"http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/22/population-world-15bn-2100"
] | [
[
"http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/W5911E/W5911E00.HTM",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic_krill"
],
[
"http://www.antweb.org/antblog/2010/10/do-ants-really-have-the-largest-biomass-of-all-species-on-earth-laurie-usa.html"
],
[
"http://www.stephenjaygould.org/library/gould_bacteria.html"... | |
2n4zjm | What were Soviet blocking detachments during WW2? | I read somewhere that the Soviet Union employed troops who would shoot anyone who attempted to retreat, desert, or showed any sign of panic or "cowardice". Apparently they would even place land mines in front of their own trenches to prevent any Soviet troops from deserting to the German side and sight their artillery ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2n4zjm/what_were_soviet_blocking_detachments_during_ww2/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmadwhn"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Yes, the Red Army did deploy units who *could* shoot retreating units, but the practice wasn't nearly as widespread as often depicted. The actual number of retreating soldiers shot by the 'Barrier Troops' on the spot was relatively small. The alr... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrier_troops#Barrier_troops_in_the_Red_Army",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Army_Mutinies#Repression",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1d589e/did_the_red_army_use_barrier_battalions_post_wwii/c9n1wsr"
]
] | |
21naaj | if people are not satisfied with the u.s. government, why don't they vote for a third party? | I see/hear people complaining about the government all the time, yet when the election comes up everyone still votes either democrat or republican. Why don't more people vote for a third party? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/21naaj/eli5if_people_are_not_satisfied_with_the_us/ | {
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"The biggest reason I see is that there's no third party that's large enough to actually get elected in a major election, and voting fo... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7tWHJfhiyo"
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[],
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1xq20o | What affect did the Black Death have on the royal families of Europe? How did they handle it? | Were any royal lines killed off due to plague?
Did any houses cut themselves off from the outside (as much as possible at the time)?
Would domestic staff be barred from leaving the premises?
Did anyone take advantage of the plague to force claims and take land by force?
What kind of practices were used to protect fam... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1xq20o/what_affect_did_the_black_death_have_on_the_royal/ | {
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"score": [
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29,
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"text": [
"I know of at least 1 case where the Black Death directly impacted the political viability of a dynasty. King Edward III of England's daughter Joan of Kent was en route to marr... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2zkkm4 | how come i sober up from intoxication, even though i don't urinate or go to sleep? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2zkkm4/eli5_how_come_i_sober_up_from_intoxication_even/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpjqvyh",
"cpjs579"
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"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"Urination and sleeping have nothing to do with becoming sober. Alcohol is metabolized by the human body, and the resulting substances are either used by the body or excreted.\n\nAlcohol metabolism is important to life. The... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3ywuud | What did the Wehrmacht get wrong in WW2? | There seems to be a tendency to put the German army and their equipment up on a pedestal (Thank you for introducing me to the term "Wehraboo", Reddit) so I was wondering if this sub could provide me with examples of things the Germans got wrong.
I'm not talking about Strategy failures (Not invading Malta, Stalingra... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3ywuud/what_did_the_wehrmacht_get_wrong_in_ww2/ | {
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"text": [
"Good question and I would argue going into Faul Bleu (Case Blue which resulted in the Wehrmacht defeat at Stalingrad) the odds of a Nazi victory in the Eas... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3v9kzh/is_there_an_important_battle_that_was_basically/cxlkv6e"
],
[
"https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=14333"
],
[],
[]
] | |
th50e | Why do coins have people's heads on them? | I've noticed most European coins dating back to Hellenic times have the current ruler's head on them. Why is this? Were the ancient Greeks and Romans huge narcissists? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/th50e/why_do_coins_have_peoples_heads_on_them/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4mkbfj",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"An episode of History of the World in 100 Objects covered this very subject. [Here](_URL_0_), give it a listen.",
"Before mass media or any sort of printing, there was no way to see what a ruler l... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/uw_cy8iCRxSgI9I-rbVadg"
],
[],
[]
] | |
kmue2 | what does the electric shock therapy do in a mental hospital? | I don't know the exact name for it, but an example of it is what happens to the old lady in Requiem for a Dream at the very end.
On that note, how does injecting painful liquids that make the patient squirm and scream help treat their mental illness? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/kmue2/what_does_the_electric_shock_therapy_do_in_a/ | {
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"... | [] | [] | [
[],
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af6lww | how are magnets produced/extracted? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/af6lww/eli5_how_are_magnets_producedextracted/ | {
"a_id": [
"edw1bxn",
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"score": [
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3
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"text": [
"There is type of iron ore called magnetite, also known as lodestone, is a natural permanent magnet. Magnets can also be made using other large magnets. You take a piece of material and place it next to a large magnet and af... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1atzw1 | why does the u.s military use depleted uranium in their ammunition? | *Some of their ammo. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1atzw1/eli5_why_does_the_us_military_use_depleted/ | {
"a_id": [
"c90q27t",
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"score": [
3,
5,
3
],
"text": [
"because it's really frickin hard and can go through really heavily armored things",
"It's a dense material! Denser than lead while having excellent strength. This combination increases the kinetic e... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrophoricity"
]
] | |
9azrz3 | How did the vikings prepare their dried/salted cods? Are there any specific recipes that we still use today? | I heard that the vikings used to carry dried cods with them for food. How did they prepare these? I can't imagine them simply nibbling on them for the entirety of their journey (unless they had absolutely nothing else to eat). Did they cook them in any ways? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9azrz3/how_did_the_vikings_prepare_their_driedsalted/ | {
"a_id": [
"e51riz2"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Well, there are no written documents from Viking Age Scandinavia, and since nobody carved their favorite cod recipe into a runestone, we've got no definite evidence, which is usually the case. The best we can usually do then is to extrapolate bac... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://archive.org/stream/secundovolumedel00ramu#page/n357",
"https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9aqn9y/how_were_noble_houses_named/e4xnxxh/",
"https://www.matoppskrift.no/bilder/bilder_1000/17242.jpg"
]
] | |
3qajod | why does it hurt so bad when you pop something into or out of its joint? | I have a hip condition that makes it so that my leg pops out and back in at least three times a week. It feels like I've been stabbed and completely winds me. Where are all the nerves that make this so painful? Is it not just bone vs bone? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3qajod/eli5_why_does_it_hurt_so_bad_when_you_pop/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwdikmf"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Pain is, at the core, a signal that something is damaged and you should do something about it, or protect it, or something. In the case of joints popping out, your body is telling you in no mild terms, \"Don't you fucking walk on that leg with yo... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2w2h0x | why did the nazis despise the russians more than their other allied enemies on the western front? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2w2h0x/eli5_why_did_the_nazis_despise_the_russians_more/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I think it had to do with historical rivalries, as well as Nazi ideology that saw Slavic people as racially inferior.",
"The Nazis viewed the Slavic people as racially inferior but also the Nazis never foresaw themselves... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2goyr5 | why has the us military switched to a digital looking camouflage on clothes from the traditional more wavy looking pattern? | When you look at the pattern on modern military uniforms it looks all pixilated and made up of a bunch of squares instead of the usually wavy pattern. Is there a reason they made it like this now? I feel that the traditional would be better for blending in | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2goyr5/eli5_why_has_the_us_military_switched_to_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckl6mdj",
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"score": [
29,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"In testing like [this](_URL_1_), MARPAT is the digital camo, it takes about [3 times](_URL_0_) as long to identify MARPAT vs traditional camo",
"I always thought that it was because with Cameras an... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://hyperstealth.com/digital-design/Test-Results-1.gif",
"http://hyperstealth.com/digital-design/test-results-3.jpg"
],
[],
[
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Camouflage_Pattern",
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Army_universal_camouflage_trials",
"http://en.m.wikipedia.... | |
1cr84u | When discussing new strains of flu, what does H7N9/H5N1/etc refer to? | My guess is that there is a core "flu" molecule, with varying amounts of extra hydrogen and nitrogen. Is that accurate?
Edit: NOPE. That is not accurate. Not even close. Thank you, /u/arble for clarifying. :) | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1cr84u/when_discussing_new_strains_of_flu_what_does/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9j7k63"
],
"score": [
14
],
"text": [
"They're labelled according to which specific variant of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins they have.\n\n_URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus"
]
] | |
19eovo | How were gunpowder weapons implemented in Chinese and Japanese warfare? | I understand that the Chinese and Korean armies were fond of rocket propelled missiles, but how common were matchlock weapons or European style artillery, and how were they used in battle? Were rocket troops used as light infantry to harass the enemy or were other tactics used? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/19eovo/how_were_gunpowder_weapons_implemented_in_chinese/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8nin44",
"c8nmtjk"
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"score": [
14,
4
],
"text": [
"Finally, a chance to use my degree! \n\nThe Japanese and Chinese had gunpowder hand-cannons long before the 1500s, but gunpowder small arms didn't play an important role in East Asian warfare until around the 1540s. As th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ming_musketeers.jpg"
]
] | |
34hf7e | In a packed grocery store with long cashier lines, is it better to choose one at random? | So I got stuck today for 20 minutes in a cashier line, and it got me thinking about the optimal way to choose a line. Whenever a customer had finished shopping he would run through all the lines to find the shortest one. But here I was thinking, if every customer before me has searched for the better line, then the lin... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/34hf7e/in_a_packed_grocery_store_with_long_cashier_lines/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqvf9a6",
"cqvh949"
],
"score": [
6,
3
],
"text": [
"Personally I evaluate the amount of products in each persons cart, I'd rather get in the line with five lightly loaded carts than two heavily loaded ones. Also I've found that younger to middle aged (20-35) cashiers seem to ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
90k9ka | It takes antibiotics 4-6 weeks to treat acne. What's happening in that time? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/90k9ka/it_takes_antibiotics_46_weeks_to_treat_acne_whats/ | {
"a_id": [
"e2skpwe"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Many antibiotics are not \"bactericidal\" as much as they are \"bacteristatic\". In other words, they can prevent bacteria from replicating (by inhibiting division, stopping synthesis of important components, etc). However the bacteria still need... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4pdej7 | What made the Soviet Union a super power? Why isn't Russia one now? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4pdej7/what_made_the_soviet_union_a_super_power_why_isnt/ | {
"a_id": [
"d4k9hql"
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"score": [
146
],
"text": [
"A detailed discussion of Russia as it exists today is probably outside of the scope of this sub. However, it's not difficult to highlight differences between the USSR in its prime and the Russian federation post-disintegration. \n\n1. The USSR ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1hq7lo | Has an amphibious assault ever been pushed back and thwarted on the beach, before the invaders got to establish some kind of beach head? | There have been a few failed invasion attempts, or probing operations that have gone wrong, but have there been any attempts at invasion that have not managed to get off the beach at all?
| AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1hq7lo/has_an_amphibious_assault_ever_been_pushed_back/ | {
"a_id": [
"cawsg2f",
"cawtd7l",
"cawyl2v"
],
"score": [
2,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Does being sunk while still at sea count?",
"Gallipoli would come close even though it lasted 8 months. The Allies really didn't manage to expand their beachhead with most of their attacks to expan... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
bjsrxv | why does states in usa want to ban abortion? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bjsrxv/eli5_why_does_states_in_usa_want_to_ban_abortion/ | {
"a_id": [
"emavdrx",
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"score": [
2,
2,
7,
2
],
"text": [
"Because they believe it's an act of murder, you are killing a unborn baby. I support abortion.",
"Because too many people cannot comprehend that there are other beliefs and eth... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
9jgg2u | what does it mean to be an evangelical christian and why is this category so prominent in surveys? | Seeing as this thread may receive a lot of hate, I am genuinely interested in why this group is always mentioned in surveys when there are many different religious beliefs. Why aren't other classifications/religions listed in these surveys?
Are these people self-proclaimed, or do they choose Evangelical from a list? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9jgg2u/eli5_what_does_it_mean_to_be_an_evangelical/ | {
"a_id": [
"e6rc7i3",
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"score": [
8,
2
],
"text": [
"The word evangelical means someone who is actively trying to spread their religion. Most Christian denominations have some elements of evangelism.\n\nIn the US, the term is used to describe a loose group of culturally conse... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
eo34t9 | why video game companies make such beautiful cinematic trailers about their video games, but they never lead to a full fledged movie on the big screen? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eo34t9/eli5_why_video_game_companies_make_such_beautiful/ | {
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... | [] | [] | [
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"https://youtu.be/HZ6Aely9YrQ",
"https://youtu.be/7-wAzlqzXH0"
]
] | ||
1ipguz | why isn't cheating in marriage a punishable crime? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ipguz/eli5_why_isnt_cheating_in_marriage_a_punishable/ | {
"a_id": [
"cb6qv2s",
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"score": [
2,
2,
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"text": [
"Because in the modern world, we generally think that the people you get in bed with aren't the government's business.",
"You need cause to criminalize something, what is the cause behind criminalizi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adultery"
]
] | ||
1idoso | How much "agency" does a single cell in a multicellular animal have compared to a unicellular animal? What is the most complex behaviour a single cell is capable of? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1idoso/how_much_agency_does_a_single_cell_in_a/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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3
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"text": [
"Hahah. This is such a fucking good, yet remarkably complex question. I often think of it as one of the greatest questions - especially in its extrapolation to a human and one's place in civilization. Its immeasurable really.... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
31no2p | If my mouthwash "kills the germs that cause bad breath, plaque, etc etc" then how do they come back? | So my mouthwash has on the front "Kills germs that cause bad breath, plaque, and the gum disease gingivitis". If I brush my teeth really well and then soak my mouth in mouthwash until it burns, shouldn't that kill all of them? You would think it would at least kill most of them for at least a few days, but they do seem... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/31no2p/if_my_mouthwash_kills_the_germs_that_cause_bad/ | {
"a_id": [
"cq3fdrd",
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"score": [
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Because it doesn't kill **all** the germs. You aren't going to kill even all the ones in your mouth, but aside from that there are trillions of microbes living in your body that can just move right back in to the freshly cle... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
36eez5 | If you were to float in space without a spacesuit, is there a distance from the sun at which you would neither freeze nor burn up? | Assuming space is 0 degrees Kelvin, and the sun is millions of degrees, is there an in-between zone at which it would feel like room temperature? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/36eez5/if_you_were_to_float_in_space_without_a_spacesuit/ | {
"a_id": [
"crd9wmp",
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"score": [
11,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Space is cold but it's also very sparse. It's not space that has temperature, it's the residual gases that are in it. We rely on contact heat transfer with the air on Earth to evacuate a part of the he... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0102/iss_sts98a.jpg"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_energy"
],
[]
] | |
1dcehy | If a live power line touched the surface of the water in the middle of the ocean, how large of a "fatal zone" would it create? | Salt water is more conductive, right?
Would the electricity spread out in a spherical shape and dissipate after a certain distance? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1dcehy/if_a_live_power_line_touched_the_surface_of_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9pa987"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Useful info for anyone trying to answer: _URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.lightningsafety.com/nlsi_lhm/Radials.pdf"
]
] | |
i4l6c | How may we mathematically predict the color of an element or compound? | If I want to know the color of an element or a compound, what information do I need to gather and what math do I need to use? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i4l6c/how_may_we_mathematically_predict_the_color_of_an/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
2,
2,
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2
],
"text": [
"I know that crystal field theory helps you determine color for transition metals if you are interested in reading on that.",
"In principle, quantum electrodynamics tells you ev... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattering_theory"
],
[],
[]
] | |
41nw0z | how did the hms challenger find challenger deep in 1875 without access to submersibles or sonar? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/41nw0z/eli5_how_did_the_hms_challenger_find_challenger/ | {
"a_id": [
"cz3s3v3"
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"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"A very long string, with a lump of lead on the end.\n\nNo - really. Though rope, of course, rather than string. A big lump of lead on the end - the line goes slack(ish) when it reaches the bottom. Grease pressed into the hollow end of the cup cou... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
aug9cz | How often does any given red blood cell cycle through the heart? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/aug9cz/how_often_does_any_given_red_blood_cell_cycle/ | {
"a_id": [
"eh97o60"
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"text": [
"normal cardiac output for an average sized person is 5L/min, and normal blood volume for an averaged sized person is 5L. Therefore any red blood cell would go through the heart twice in a minute, once through the left side and once through the r... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
ktryl | how game developers write and design games for the xbox 360, ps3, and pc simultaneously? | I always wondered how a studio can write a game for the XBox 360, PC, and PS3 at the same time and have all versions come out identical. Do they just make one version of it? Are there different teams that work on different consoles? How's it work? Keep in mind please that I know absolutely nothing about writing code or... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ktryl/eli5_how_game_developers_write_and_design_games/ | {
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[
"http://i.imgur.com/HN1F2.jpg"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://i.imgur.com/HN1F2.jpg"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1fcarc | Can sound waves be altered to travel more or less distance based on wind conditions? | I understand that changes in the atmosphere can distort sound, such as rises or falls in temperature can change the way sound waves move through the air... But I'm referring to an old saying "carried by the wind". Is it possible for wind to carry a sound a distance it wouldn't have otherwise traveled? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1fcarc/can_sound_waves_be_altered_to_travel_more_or_less/ | {
"a_id": [
"ca8y7th"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"I'm an acoustical engineer. The effects of wind and temperature gradients on sound are actually quite similar. The important concept here is *refraction.*\n\nTo begin, I want to explain the basic concept of how sound carries and decays over dista... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversion_%28meteorology%29",
"http://imgur.com/JOVHGOJ"
]
] | |
hy0tb | starting work in a bio lab. Could someone simply but thoroughly explain PCR and the procedure? | I'm going to be a junior in high school next year and im working at a university this summer in a biology lab. I read the packet that the professor gave me but some of it didn't make sense because i didn't know what all of the stuff was for. For example, I wasn't quite sure what a primer was or why a buffer was require... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hy0tb/starting_work_in_a_bio_lab_could_someone_simply/ | {
"a_id": [
"c1zb803",
"c1zc6so",
"c1zc8bo",
"c1zev7a"
],
"score": [
21,
5,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Wow! Congratulations on getting a placement at a university at your level of education. I think that'll provide a _very_ good experience for you.\n\nNow, you know that DNA is doub... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/PCR.svg"
],
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5yPkxCLads"
],
[
"http://www.mnstate.edu/provost/ProtocolPage.html"
],
[
"http://www.pcrlinks.com/glossary/A.htm",
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LQwvDOqpIY&feature=pyv&ad=7... | |
31opr3 | Is a spider's instinctual ability to form a perfect web passed down through its genetics? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/31opr3/is_a_spiders_instinctual_ability_to_form_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"cq43ovm"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It has to be, since it's not like adult spiders are around to teach their young, and inheritance through DNA, fundamentally, is the only way to pass this sort of thing on otherwise. (There are epigenetic effects, but they come down to messing aro... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
arpdyl | how do you calculate a use-by date? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/arpdyl/eli5_how_do_you_calculate_a_useby_date/ | {
"a_id": [
"egov8ct",
"egovpgx"
],
"score": [
5,
6
],
"text": [
"For shelf-stable items, they pull them out of their asses. They're \"Best if used by\" dates, not expiration dates, and they are put far enough in the future that they won't deter you from buying the product. But it's also ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1hh8yx | Why did Lee choose to commit his army to attack Cemetery Ridge during the Battle of Gettysburg? | Given that yesterday was the 150th anniversary of the first day of the battle of Gettysburg, I figure I'd ask a fairly specific question I had watching the classic '93 Gettysburg movie.
There's an exchange between Lee and Longstreet in which Lee gives his discretionary order to Ewell to take the high ground occupied b... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1hh8yx/why_did_lee_choose_to_commit_his_army_to_attack/ | {
"a_id": [
"caukmlk"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"This is a classic debate in how the battle was fought, but I just want to clear up a misconception, if there is one (maybe someone else will read this and learn, even if you alread knew). Longstreet understood the immense power of the rifle on th... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4ekde8 | why do films from the 70's and 80's have that definitive coloring? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4ekde8/eli5_why_do_films_from_the_70s_and_80s_have_that/ | {
"a_id": [
"d20vuaf"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"It has to do with the film itself: pretty much everyone was using the same one or two Kodak stocks, and there was a switch in the mid 70s to a different formulation that was sharper but had a slightly less natural look than before. You can find a... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.cinematography.com/index.php?showtopic=28315"
]
] | ||
z93fq | does the president's foreign policy affect the price of gas? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/z93fq/does_the_presidents_foreign_policy_affect_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c62jor7"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Yes it will. Depending on how the President feels towards OPEC and other countries that have oil will affect how they feel about us. If the President goes pissing off all of these countries they could easily raise prices or stop giving us oil ent... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2h7rez | biologically, what happens when your body "learns to use less oxygen"? | Like for example [here](_URL_0_), I often hear that it's important to train your body to use less oxygen.
What happens in my body when I get used to less oxygen? (and why would that be better?) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2h7rez/eli5_biologically_what_happens_when_your_body/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckq5gnh"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I'm not sure you really \"learn to use less oxygen.\" The poster in that thread didn't know what he was talking about, he was just asking. In running for example you can use a little bit less oxygen by losing weight and developing a more efficien... | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/Fitness/comments/1ijw9a/increasing_oxygen_efficiency/"
] | [
[]
] | |
4lyqmk | why is a 1440p phone 400$ but a 1440p monitor almost as expensive without any other internals or programing | Im thinking of the note 4 I just bought and how even though it is 1440p it has amazing resolution and depth that is like the same price on larger monitors without all the features of a phone (I swear im not a marketer its just a huge upgrade for me). Is it all just material cost? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4lyqmk/eli5_why_is_a_1440p_phone_400_but_a_1440p_monitor/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3r6h5j",
"d3r7xzg",
"d3raqdz"
],
"score": [
7,
5,
7
],
"text": [
"Phones and monitors are two very different products in two different markets.\n\nMonitors are also generally much larger than phones, and bigger screens cost more.",
"Pricing is all about what the c... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] |
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