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moc1l
Does time dilate inside materials with different indices of refraction?
Since light propagates at different speeds inside materials with different indices of refraction, does this mean that somehow time also changes inside these materials? And if so, how does it change? Just curious.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/moc1l/does_time_dilate_inside_materials_with_different/
{ "a_id": [ "c32iiad", "c32iihw", "c32iiad", "c32iihw" ], "score": [ 4, 3, 4, 3 ], "text": [ "Light does not actually slow down in a material, most of a material is empty space anyway, it just seems that way because it is constantly being absorbed and re-immitted by atoms. ...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l1d.cfm" ], [], [ "http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l1d.cfm" ], [] ]
1ywa20
Differences in cores with hyper-threading?
So i've been reading alot on wiki and google about hyper-threading and stuff and i am still confused on how it works based on its architecture. Wiki describes hyper-threading as when a core has 2 threads, it is able to schedule 2 separate tasks or processes at once, but how does this improve anything or im just confus...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ywa20/differences_in_cores_with_hyperthreading/
{ "a_id": [ "cfockpx", "cfodn3f" ], "score": [ 3, 12 ], "text": [ "Cores typically (nowadays) have more than one ALU, and more than one floating point unit. And multiples of some other subsystems. \n \nHyper-threading pre-dates having multiple cores on one microprocessor. The processor...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazard_\\(computer_architecture\\)", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_level_parallelism", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_multithreading", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out-of-order_execution", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Niagara" ...
i2rzk
I'f I filll my ear canals with Helium, Will I be able to hear frequencies below 20Hz? or will nothing change?
In my vocal cords it causes the lower Hz sounds to become higher Hz due to some sciency stuff if I'm not mistaken. Would this sciency stuff translate to sounds on the input in a similar manner to sounds on the output? NOTE: I'f = If. I don't know what is wrong with me, maybe that will be my next question.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i2rzk/if_i_filll_my_ear_canals_with_helium_will_i_be/
{ "a_id": [ "c20f5ds", "c20fbbv", "c20fpdg", "c20fuzz", "c20fzxq" ], "score": [ 17, 3, 19, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Cool question.\n\nFirst off, there's a common misconception about why Helium changes the sound of your voice. It's not the wavelength shift that occurs when...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://phys.unsw.edu.au/phys_about/PHYSICS!/SPEECH_HELIUM/speech.html" ], [], [], [ "www.rotarywoofer.com" ], [] ]
fvm5ht
snake charming
I've seen lots of videos of people playing music, or moving in certain ways to "charm" snakes - usually cobras. What is actually happening? Is it like hypnotism?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fvm5ht/eli5_snake_charming/
{ "a_id": [ "fmji3z4" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "The snake isn't actually being hypnotised, they remove the venom and teeth making the snake submissive and then manipulate their natural striking movements in order for them to appear as if they are in a trance like state." ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
13qh9j
if we can grow diamonds that are indistinguishable from real ones, why can't we do the same with gold?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/13qh9j/if_we_can_grow_diamonds_that_are/
{ "a_id": [ "c767xoe", "c7680lu", "c7693h5", "c76andj" ], "score": [ 9, 4, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "Diamond is made of carbon atoms, which are extremely common. Gold is made of gold atoms, which are not. \n\nMaking a specific kind of atom is technically possible, but *extremely* ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
47eo32
why was there a huge dotcom crash when so much business is done via the internet now? i'd like to understand the reason behind the financial impacts it had as i know it was enormous
I have never understood, or honestly tried to understand why so many dotcoms went out of business seemingly overnight and why it had such a big impact on the economy. Where there trillions of dollars invested and did that money all just disappear? Were these companies not actually selling products? I'd like to bette...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/47eo32/eli5_why_was_there_a_huge_dotcom_crash_when_so/
{ "a_id": [ "d0cdcdl" ], "score": [ 10 ], "text": [ "At the beginning of the new millennium, online sales were (correctly) seen as the way of the future. A website like _URL_0_ dominated the online sales at the time, and people concluded that in 10 years retail stores would be a thing of the past...
[]
[]
[ [ "pets.com" ] ]
1leavt
Why do Amphoras have round bottoms?
Wouldn't it have been easier to make amphoras (amphorae?) with flat bottoms so they could stand on their own rather than requiring tripods to hold them? As liquids like olive oil were often stored in them, I would think a flat bottom would be a better design. Why the round bottom? Why the tripod requirement?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1leavt/why_do_amphoras_have_round_bottoms/
{ "a_id": [ "cbydl5j", "cbyjkvn" ], "score": [ 24, 7 ], "text": [ "_URL_0_\n\nWhats best for stacking on stable land may not work so well on a rocking boat.", "I saw a documentary on this a couple of years ago ( I'm so sorry I can't remember the specific name of it) but some archeologi...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Amphorae_stacking.jpg" ], [] ]
224zh7
why is it a dog can recognize a person over skype but a cat can't?
I've seen dogs go crazy when they see their 'dad' on Skype because they're in the army, or on a business trip or something. Cats...not so much. Do cats simply not give a damn but recognize the person or can they actually not recognize them? I'm in a LDR and when he goes home back to Skyping me my dog will recognize his...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/224zh7/eli5_why_is_it_a_dog_can_recognize_a_person_over/
{ "a_id": [ "cgjeoqp", "cgjfbvk" ], "score": [ 7, 5 ], "text": [ "They know its you. They just don't care", "Cats don't give a shit, that's why." ] }
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
jalj5
How long did the singularity exist for?
If my understanding of the Big Bang Theory is correct the singularity, a point of infinite density and zero volume, expanded to form the universe we know today. My question is, do scientist know how long the singularity existed before it expanded? Forgive me if my knowledge of the theory is a bit off.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jalj5/how_long_did_the_singularity_exist_for/
{ "a_id": [ "c2aj8pt", "c2aju3o", "c2aj8pt", "c2aju3o" ], "score": [ 3, 3, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Both length and time were meaningless.", "You can't talk about how space or time work as separate from matter, so neither of the first two can really be applied to a situation ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
28sag4
why can youtube show an accurate number of upvotes/downvotes, but reddit can't?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/28sag4/eli5_why_can_youtube_show_an_accurate_number_of/
{ "a_id": [ "cidym2r" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "I'm guessing they probably don't, you just think they do.\n\nYouTube ratings are not as important (or, perhaps I should so to the end user, they're not that important) and hence aren't followed as closely.\n\nAlso Google." ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
eyb4i2
it’s tax season in the us, why do us citizens have to keep track of and file their own taxes? doesn’t this mean the system is not only ripe for abuse and tax evasion, but puts an unnecessary burden on citizens? eli5 why doesn’t the us government take taxes at source?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eyb4i2/eli5_its_tax_season_in_the_us_why_do_us_citizens/
{ "a_id": [ "fgg3wto", "fgg4ljn", "fgg59a7" ], "score": [ 3, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Tax returns are for you to prove that you don’t owe as much in tax as the government says you do. \n\nThe government doesn’t get notified every time you do every little thing. Taxes are the time for you...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
5ddc0g
Do astronauts identify the constellations we can see from Earth?
For example, can the Big Dipper or Orion's Belt be recognized?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5ddc0g/do_astronauts_identify_the_constellations_we_can/
{ "a_id": [ "da3zn5a" ], "score": [ 17 ], "text": [ "Yes, astronautes are only about 400 km (250 miles) above earth. You wouldn't expect to see any difference in the constellations after driving 400 km.\n\nIn fact stars are so far away that the constellations look the same to the naked eye from an...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
24n7d7
why are there so few engineers and scientists in politics?
According to this [link](_URL_0_), the vast majority of senators in the US seem to have either business or law positions. What is the explanation for the lack of people with science and math backgrounds in politics?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/24n7d7/eli5_why_are_there_so_few_engineers_and/
{ "a_id": [ "ch8qvm7", "ch8rhyg", "ch8rmof", "ch8rq42", "ch8sgtp", "ch8sk2k", "ch8sor8", "ch8svc7", "ch8sz4g", "ch8tshk", "ch8tuy8", "ch8u1lg", "ch8v3b3", "ch8vbk3", "ch8vero", "ch8vnud", "ch8vo0y", "ch8vtsi", "ch8w9yx", "ch8wc1g", "c...
[]
[ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_Senators" ]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.siliconafrica.com/90-of-top-chinese-government-officials-are-scientists-engineers/" ], [], [], [ "http://www.shirky.com/weblog/2013/11/healthcare-gov-and-the-gulf-between-planning-and-reality/" ], [], [], [], [], [], [], [...
723ldg
How did the United Kingdom go about recruiting so many Native American allies during the War of 1812?
Looking at the rather long [list](_URL_0_) of Native American tribes that allied themselves with the U.K. (the Shawnee, Kickapoo, Ojibwe, etc.), I cant help but wonder exactly how the U.K. managed to organize a recruitment so large in enemy territory, with so many scattered tribes. I get that many of these tribes were ...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/723ldg/how_did_the_united_kingdom_go_about_recruiting_so/
{ "a_id": [ "dng9ias" ], "score": [ 10 ], "text": [ "I've got a good handle on how this developed in the southeastern U.S. with some of the tribes in that arena:\nThe demand for British goods (particularly British-made arms) above all others was quite high among many native tribes, and this demand...
[]
[ "https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_1812" ]
[ [ "https://i.imgur.com/6QZwQAC.jpg?1" ] ]
226zk0
how exactly do vector graphics work?
Here's what I know. Unlike bitmap images, vector images don't pixellate when you zoom in on them. I guess that's because they aren't made of pixels. A friend of mine tried to explain it to me, but it went right over my head.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/226zk0/eli5_how_exactly_do_vector_graphics_work/
{ "a_id": [ "cgjxgsc", "cgk2c4t", "cgk4jbm", "cgkbmwx", "cgkbzi7" ], "score": [ 23, 2, 2, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Basically, a vector drawing files a list of instructions - draw a line from point a to point b, draw a line from point b to point c. Fill the enclosed area...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
9b3w2f
the draft/conscription in the united states
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9b3w2f/eli5_the_draftconscription_in_the_united_states/
{ "a_id": [ "e506pce", "e50753a", "e507bpc", "e507jld" ], "score": [ 2, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "The draft was performed as a supposedly random lottery. Based on birthdate, numbers would be drawn 1-366, for days of the year, and the order of drawing determined in what order yo...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
uqnn1
What would be the best direction to jump in, if jumping out of a train?
The train is travelling at 20 m/s in one direction. Would it be best to jump in the same direction that the train is going, or in the opposite direction to where the train is going. (for the purpose of this question, say a person jumps at 5 m/s in a given direction) The ground is one metre below the floor of the train ...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/uqnn1/what_would_be_the_best_direction_to_jump_in_if/
{ "a_id": [ "c4xoafn" ], "score": [ 7 ], "text": [ "Jump in the direction opposite the train's motion. You're already moving 20 m/s forward, if you just \"fall\" out instead of jumping, you hit the ground doing 20 m/s. If you jump toward the rear of the train, then you only hit the ground doing ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
1jxjrs
What are the general feelings among the science community about transcendental meditation?
Is it considered to be fringe and pseudo-science, or are there scientific roots here?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1jxjrs/what_are_the_general_feelings_among_the_science/
{ "a_id": [ "cbjd7vp", "cbje4hz" ], "score": [ 5, 9 ], "text": [ "I assume it would be rather difficult to prove something as esoteric as your topic \"doesn't exist\". However, as far as researchers trying to prove that there IS something spiritual or supernatural to meditation, I have see...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://www.investigatinghealthyminds.org/pdfs/davidsonBuddhaIEEE.pdf", "http://www.sciencecodex.com/mindfulness_meditation_ibmt_trims_craving_for_tobacco-116998" ] ]
2y16q4
how does this plasma-cutter work?
Hello, I have seen this video by The Slow Mo Guys on youtube: _URL_0_ He connects four 9v batteries together and one crocodile clip on each side. On one of the clips he puts on a pencil-lead and the other one he connects to a sheet of aluminium foil. Then when he touches the aluminium with the pencil-lead it (burns?) a...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2y16q4/eli5_how_does_this_plasmacutter_work/
{ "a_id": [ "cp59pbi" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Well, yes the electricity from the arc is melting the metal but in a very localized area. Pencil lead is a very good conductor of electricity but when you are drawing an arc or maintaining one both materials are consumed in the process\n\nSource ...
[]
[ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCcp7IY7qj8" ]
[ [] ]
czd9w3
Role of corporations as seen and understood by the US founding fathers
What was the prevailing view of corporations, their charter and limit on their power at the time of founding of the United States? I am asking in context of the recent Citizen United ruling by the SCOTUS.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/czd9w3/role_of_corporations_as_seen_and_understood_by/
{ "a_id": [ "eyxrd2w" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "Corporations in this time resembled little what they are today.\n\nFor the most part, corporations were entirely creatures of the state that incorporated them. They were created for a specific purpose pursued by that state. Now, sometimes that pu...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
29j838
what's the difference between a university and an institute (of technology)?
I want to do a computer science program after high school and I'm having trouble deciding between Simon Fraser University and the British Colombia Institute of Technology. What do I graduate with? How long does it take to complete?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/29j838/eli5_whats_the_difference_between_a_university/
{ "a_id": [ "cilgqtj", "cilh294", "cilhah0", "cili64e", "ciliid7" ], "score": [ 5, 2, 2, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "For all practical purposes, your getting basically the same education.\n\nA bachelor's degree is a bachelor's degree. The difference between a bachelor of sci...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
8wtj90
why can't we consume the daily required nutrients we need in pill or drip form rather than having to eat a variety of foods and having to and expel it out of our bodies?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8wtj90/eli5_why_cant_we_consume_the_daily_required/
{ "a_id": [ "e1y8qxb" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "You can, but it's boring. People in a coma live on nutrient paste and IV drip.\n\nYou need to expel some waste because damaged cells and useless metabolic products need to go somewhere." ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
2sdgll
[Meta (sort of)] Booklist request! I want to know more about Gnosticism and Mystery Cults
The generally excellent /r/askhistorians booklist doesn't have anything on two subjects I find myself fascinated in, so I figured I'd create a thread, and see if anyone here could point me in the right direction. The first subject is Gnosticism. I'm looking for relatively modern books (i.e., at least are informed by ...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2sdgll/meta_sort_of_booklist_request_i_want_to_know_more/
{ "a_id": [ "cnok7d9" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "I've recently begun to find more books on religion as a whole, and then delved deeper into what I found interesting\n\nOf the ones I've seen regarding Gnosticism:\n\n*The Gnostic Gospels* by Elain Pagels - A great book that reflects the depth of ...
[]
[]
[ [] ]
267fyb
why does the sun seem to burn hotter in the morning (ca. 10:00) than in the afternoon (ca. 17:00)?
I mean, it's still the same sun that shines. Why do I get a sunburn in the morning and not in the afternoon, even after 2 hours of unprotected exposure?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/267fyb/eli5_why_does_the_sun_seem_to_burn_hotter_in_the/
{ "a_id": [ "chocu2j", "chocxs5", "chod03v" ], "score": [ 2, 2, 8 ], "text": [ "You become accustomed to the radiant heat.\n\nAt 10:00, when you first walk outside, the feeling of heat is new.\n\nAt 17:00, when you walk out side for the Nth time, you're used to the radiant heat.", ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
en7bg4
how do hydrogen-powered cars work, and are they a considerable competitor to electric vehicles?
Are hydrogen-powered cars even a thing?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/en7bg4/eli5_how_do_hydrogenpowered_cars_work_and_are/
{ "a_id": [ "fdvmnpz", "fdvnf3l", "fdvqlmk" ], "score": [ 6, 5, 11 ], "text": [ "Your car runs on compressed hydrogen gas, either by burning it or reacting it with oxygen in a fuel cell.\n\nThe tricky bit is making and transporting the hydrogen gas. It takes a lot of energy to mak...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
96u6pq
How accepted is the theory that all modern humans descended/evolved from Africa? What is the most compelling evidence for this?
So, I know that many evolutionary scientists and anthropologists now subscribe to the idea that modern humans descended from Africa. I would like to know, how mainstream and accepted is this theory? And what is the most compelling evidence to support this idea? Thank you!
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/96u6pq/how_accepted_is_the_theory_that_all_modern_humans/
{ "a_id": [ "e45fjpo", "e46z5av" ], "score": [ 9, 2 ], "text": [ "It's 100% accepted that Homo sapiens' ancestors came from Africa. There's a continuous series of fossils in Africa that are clearly close human relatives and that are much older than any other locations; there's no way to ex...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534714000470" ], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_expansions_of_hominins_out_of_Africa", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recent_African_origin_of_modern_humans" ] ]
19by72
Wednesday AMA: Jewish History Panel
Welcome to this Wednesday AMA which today features six panelists willing and eager to answer all your questions about Jewish History starting from the Bronze Age Middle East to modern-day Israel. **We will, however, not be talking about the Holocaust today.** Lately and in the popular imagination, Jewish History has t...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/19by72/wednesday_ama_jewish_history_panel/
{ "a_id": [ "c8mmo12", "c8mmx9y", "c8mmxtz", "c8mmyrt", "c8mn22u", "c8mn87x", "c8mn96u", "c8mn9zp", "c8mncy9", "c8mnm86", "c8mnmhy", "c8mnuni", "c8mnuth", "c8mnuvo", "c8mnwq8", "c8mny0v", "c8mo246", "c8mo3uh", "c8mo91e", "c8mob45", "c...
[]
[ "http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/jewishthreads" ]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/Binghams-List.html" ], [], ...
18fx9h
Before Nixon started the infamous "War on Drugs" in the early 1970's, did the average American parent have any idea what Marijuana or drugs in general were?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/18fx9h/before_nixon_started_the_infamous_war_on_drugs_in/
{ "a_id": [ "c8egay1", "c8ein0h" ], "score": [ 7, 16 ], "text": [ "In the 1960s,most Americans were aware of the \"hippy\" culture and it's association with Marijuana. The Summer of Love was in 1967 and the Woodstock music festival was 1969 - both were symbols of the 1960s culture of drug...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love" ], [] ]
hip2x
Why are antibodies ineffective against certain illnesses, or is that even the case?
With infections like HIV and Lyme antibodies seem to exist but don't necessary completely defeat the illness. I'm sure there are others as well. If antibodies are ineffective, why is that? Through medical research could we make 'steroids' for antibodies to make them stronger/faster/whatever to perhaps make them effe...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hip2x/why_are_antibodies_ineffective_against_certain/
{ "a_id": [ "c1vp8dn", "c1vpd40", "c1vpzwr", "c1vqtow" ], "score": [ 5, 4, 4, 4 ], "text": [ "Antibodies are one part of our immune system, and rely upon the other components (white blood cells, complement system etc) to combat infections. Some pathogens have the ability to...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
3tggfr
how do people automatically know which direction north, and consequently, south, east and west are?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3tggfr/eli5how_do_people_automatically_know_which/
{ "a_id": [ "cx5wcgx", "cx5wjiw", "cx5wnzz", "cx5y9qm" ], "score": [ 4, 4, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Nobody automatically knows which direction north is. You have to have learned it at some point by making observations, and you might have an excellent sense of direction and be abl...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
bdxfj0
Does our moon change/affect our orbit?
So I read somewhere the Charon (Pluto’s moon) is relatively massive for Pluto’s mass that it actually changes it’s orbit just a tad. And they’re in a tidal lock. They’re also sometimes referred to as a binary system cause of the way they behave. So by any chance since the moon is actually around 1/4 of Earth’s size (...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bdxfj0/does_our_moon_changeaffect_our_orbit/
{ "a_id": [ "el3r6cm", "el3r9a7", "el3tq6j" ], "score": [ 3, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "The [barycenter](_URL_0_) of the Earth-moon system is about 75% of the Earth's radius away from the center of the Earth, so it's inside the earth but it's still fairly significant. It's this point that ...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barycenter" ], [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barycenter" ] ]
6ovl57
why can humans start sprinting at full speed almost right away, but needs to slow to a stop over time?
From a standing start, we can sprint at full speed almost from the start, but you see people needing to slow down for a while before they come to a complete stop, why is that?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6ovl57/eli5_why_can_humans_start_sprinting_at_full_speed/
{ "a_id": [ "dkkiv5t", "dkklkws", "dkkmvbn", "dkkspo5", "dkl5xd9" ], "score": [ 14, 3, 7, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Your feet are designed for this. They stick out in front so you can lean forward and maintain balance, necessary if you want to combat the forces pushing you...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [ "https://www.freelapusa.com/usain-bolt-mph/" ], [] ]
1jmzh9
where does the common conception of aliens (green, big bald head, big black eyes) come from?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1jmzh9/where_does_the_common_conception_of_aliens_green/
{ "a_id": [ "cbgh4dj" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "I always kinda thought from the book Communion, but this Wikipedia cites some earlier influences.\n\n_URL_0_\n\nAnd there was a good article in Fortean Times that I can't seem to locate that described the differing 'types' of aliens that were cla...
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[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_alien" ] ]
96jou8
Were all early stars the same size?
I'm assuming that all of the earliest stars were comprised of Hydrogen only. Wouldn't all stars made of hydrogen only begin fusion at the same mass level, and thus be the same size? Also, are stars different sizes today because they are made up of various percentages of heavier elements, like helium and above, and th...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/96jou8/were_all_early_stars_the_same_size/
{ "a_id": [ "e41mmua" ], "score": [ 7 ], "text": [ "Fusion begins long after the initial collapse of the gas cloud, and not all gas clouds start with the same mass. That is still true today. The amount of heavy elements in the original gas cloud has an influence on what can collapse to a star, but...
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[ [] ]
4v8k1p
Are any historians frustrated by how 'fantasy' media emphasises the stereotypes about your period of history? Or does the fact that people might become interested outweigh this?
I'm coming at this from a Game of Thrones perspective (halfway through series 5 now so no spoilers please!) It's actually incredibly frustrating to me when people excuse content by saying 'well it's based on Europe in the middle ages so showing rape of young teenagers is accurate'. No? Very few children were forced in...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4v8k1p/are_any_historians_frustrated_by_how_fantasy/
{ "a_id": [ "d5wcsro" ], "score": [ 23 ], "text": [ "If you're asking for my own personal opinion, as a medieval historian, the portrayal of peoples in GOT doesn't really bother me. It is true that Westeros is based off of Europe. However, George Martin is creating his own universe. This includes ...
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[ [] ]
wuesz
what happens after a failed suicide attempt?
What happens when someone is hospitalized after a failed suicide attempt? I've heard of "suicide watch". What exactly is it, and what goes on during it? How long does it usually last, say if someone tried to OD on pills? What happens afterwards? Outpatient care? Inpatient? How long is someone typically in the hospital ...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/wuesz/what_happens_after_a_failed_suicide_attempt/
{ "a_id": [ "c5gjfsi", "c5gkmak", "c5glfuc", "c5gobg0", "c5gpshh" ], "score": [ 5, 11, 3, 3, 5 ], "text": [ "You're placed on a mandatory 72 hour suicide watch if you are in Texas, I'm not sure about anywhere else.", "Most states have laws that allow a police of...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
czn10r
why does everyone seem to hate vaping all of a sudden?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/czn10r/eli5_why_does_everyone_seem_to_hate_vaping_all_of/
{ "a_id": [ "eyzbui5" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Evidence is beginning to be found that vaping is not nearly as harmless as once assumed. Also, as it becomes more popular, rather than just assuming people won't vape were it is not appreciated it is becoming more necessary to actually post/publ...
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[ [] ]
55wi6r
How were castles sieged? It seems like a pretty hopeless battle if your enemy is up in a high, massively strong fortress made of stone. How could you possible win?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/55wi6r/how_were_castles_sieged_it_seems_like_a_pretty/
{ "a_id": [ "d8ejhzc", "d8evrdt" ], "score": [ 6, 3 ], "text": [ "Basically, there are/were two main ways to win a siege.\n\n1) Assault the fortress/fortification in an attempt to overpower whatever defenders are present and force a surrender or take control of the city/castle. Depending o...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
1wkp7b
if eating a calorie deficiency, even while lifting weights and doing cardio, causes you to lose weight (some in muscle), then why isn't your heart affected by this?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1wkp7b/eli5_if_eating_a_calorie_deficiency_even_while/
{ "a_id": [ "cf2vetb", "cf2zp7v" ], "score": [ 5, 3 ], "text": [ "Because your body knows that your heart is a really, **really** important organ. So it will avoid burning your heart muscles as long as it can, so that you can stay alive.", "Well for one cardiac muscle is different from...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
a1rylh
why do investments go up in value?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a1rylh/eli5_why_do_investments_go_up_in_value/
{ "a_id": [ "eas6uvs", "eas72o9" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "They don't always, sometimes they go down, but they change in price because people think they're worth more or less, and thus are willing to pay or more less for them than they used to. There are lots of reasons for that: c...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
1tlfr9
Why has Christmas Eve evolved to be the 'biggest' day of Christmas in german speaking countries?
Some of you may not know about this, but December 24th is actually, apart from the religious context, the most important day of christmas for most families in Germany and Austria. Stores are only open until noon, after that the family usually gathers and exchanges presents. My question is how this developed, and why.
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1tlfr9/why_has_christmas_eve_evolved_to_be_the_biggest/
{ "a_id": [ "ce94ttl", "ce97lcq" ], "score": [ 16, 8 ], "text": [ "I'd just like to add that this is by no means a German speaking countries thing. In fact celebrating Christmas on December 24 is the custom in the vast majority of European countries (with the exception of those that have r...
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[ [], [] ]
8k3ctw
what stops an astronaut from constantly accelerating in space?
If an object is moving at constant speed, the forces acting on it are balanced and if an object is accelerating forces are unbalanced. I know this is how it works on Earth, which is why a falling ball originally has unbalanced forces but then when air resistance increases the forces balance and the ball reaches termi...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8k3ctw/eli5what_stops_an_astronaut_from_constantly/
{ "a_id": [ "dz4h3ov", "dz4hocs", "dz4hqja", "dz4jkaa", "dz4os5k", "dz4peqo", "dz4vrq0" ], "score": [ 22, 8, 2, 2, 5, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "F = ma\n\nAcceleration requires a force. Making something move faster requires energy. If you're not applying f...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
inl35
What are some possible theories as to why the internet is predominately populated by males?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/inl35/what_are_some_possible_theories_as_to_why_the/
{ "a_id": [ "c256do7", "c256j16" ], "score": [ 13, 7 ], "text": [ "What makes you think that it is? Some studies seem to indicate internet use is fairly even among sexes.\n\n[Link](_URL_0_)\n\n[More discussions](_URL_1_)\n\nI'll keep looking, but hopefully those will be interesting/relevan...
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[]
[ [ "http://swopec.hhs.se/hastef/papers/hastef0495.pdf", "http://74.125.155.132/scholar?q=cache:AzDlZcMSInYJ:scholar.google.com/+gender+and+the+internet&hl=en&as_sdt=0,44&as_vis=1" ], [ "http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=863707&show=abstract", "http://www.pewinte...
a1u950
in archaeology, everything from small objects to large building complexes can be found under dirt. where does all this dirt come from and how long does it take to build up? when will different things from our time end up buried? why do some buildings (ex: some castles) seem to avoid this?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a1u950/eli5_in_archaeology_everything_from_small_objects/
{ "a_id": [ "eastu1i", "easuzfo", "eat1qis", "eat4gob", "eat4q65", "eat5xyk", "eatbpaw" ], "score": [ 2, 12, 2, 74, 2, 3, 6 ], "text": [ "Things fall down and then get covered in dirt because they are low to ground.\n\nIf the thing didn't get covered...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
53g03l
how devices detect faces in photos
Just going through the People album on my iPhone and wondering how devices detect faces in photos There are so many different things that devices have to take into account such as skin colour, people having different placements of eyes, nose etc, spots and such things. How do devices detect faces in photos?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/53g03l/eli5_how_devices_detect_faces_in_photos/
{ "a_id": [ "d7svesp", "d7svj3m" ], "score": [ 7, 2 ], "text": [ "There are a few techniques but here are three of the most common. I am talking about detecting the presence of a face or faces anywhere in the photo. This is a much easier problem than identifying who the person in the photo...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://visagetechnologies.com/face-detection-tracking-chips/", "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summed_area_table", "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutional_neural_network", "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_on_a_chip", "http://opencv-python-tutroals.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_imag...
b6rybu
Why aren’t diseases equally communicable across different species?
On a basic level, I know that exposure to certain microbes can damage cells and lead to infection and illness. Now let’s say that I contract the flu, and I have a pet cat. Why does this strain of the flu bind to my cells, as opposed to my cat’s, assuming my cat is also now exposed to it? I realize that there are su...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/b6rybu/why_arent_diseases_equally_communicable_across/
{ "a_id": [ "ejocjq9" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "As far as microbes go, our bodies are environments, and certain microbes can only live in certain environments. A fun example is rabies: most mammals can contract rabies because it's adapted to mammalian bodies quite well. However the opposum has...
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[ [] ]
ehm1vy
why does cilantro taste bitter like soap to me?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ehm1vy/eli5_why_does_cilantro_taste_bitter_like_soap_to/
{ "a_id": [ "fck0dr7", "fck0v3z", "fck40im", "fckbb6h", "fckblsu", "fckjrmj", "fckkjft" ], "score": [ 15, 228, 5, 2, 7, 5, 2 ], "text": [ "There is some sort of genetic defect or trait that literally makes cilantro tastes like soap to some people", ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [ "https://read.nprone.app/download", "https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2012/09/14/161057954/love-to-hate-cilantro-its-in-your-genes-and-maybe-in-your-head" ], [], [ "https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/14/dining/14curious.html" ] ]
1np5et
what is "drug face"? why does excess use of drugs and/or alcohol for a prolonged amount of time cause people to share similar facial features?
You know when you see someone and you can just TELL they've had a rough life and it always comes out that they have/had a substance abuse problem? I'm not talking about the way a drug like meth can mess up a face, I'm talking about certian discreet facial features, mostly around the mouth area.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1np5et/eli5_what_is_drug_face_why_does_excess_use_of/
{ "a_id": [ "cckot4c", "ccksmdk" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Good question. I'm just commenting because I want to come back for a good answer.", "I think its because they loose most if not all their teeth, causing a similar pursing of the lips." ] }
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[ [], [] ]
6yjvy1
[Chemistry] Are frozen vegetables any less healthy than fresh ones? Does anything happen at a molecular level when you freeze vegetables that makes them process differently in our bodies?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6yjvy1/chemistry_are_frozen_vegetables_any_less_healthy/
{ "a_id": [ "dmo9f2o" ], "score": [ 39 ], "text": [ "Well, much like cooking, freezing weakens and ruptures cell walls. Making the vegetable softer and easier to chew and to digest. Also most commercially sold frozen vegetables are briefly cooked before freezing, this improves the thawed texture. ...
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[ [] ]
33gqnn
how does an object with mass increase its gravity when its density increases?
I'm always asking this question in my head whenever I watch some videos about black holes(I'm a visual learner), neutron stars, etc. Any object with a physical radius smaller than its Schwarzschild radius will be a black hole, which means more gravity the more denser. Why?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/33gqnn/eli5_how_does_an_object_with_mass_increase_its/
{ "a_id": [ "cqkpjyh", "cqkpmwd", "cqkptck", "cqkq1j9" ], "score": [ 4, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Gravitational attraction is a function of mass and proximity to the mass. \n\nIf it is denser you can get closer to more of the mass and so feel more attraction.\n\nImagine a wave ...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
fxzpk5
why can't the sperm of other species fertilize human eggs?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fxzpk5/eli5_why_cant_the_sperm_of_other_species/
{ "a_id": [ "fmxixz9" ], "score": [ 76 ], "text": [ "Imagine you are a factory that makes cars. In order to improve the company and make better cars, each time you open a new factory you take half of the blueprints for cars from two other factories and combine them. Each factory takes their instru...
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[ [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8P5vGcf-NU" ] ]
43na23
how does google make money on apps such as google classroom, which they advertise as free and say they don't use advertisements.
It appears to me that Google offers many "free" services, such as Google Classroom and Google Scholar. These don't appear to be heavily populated with advertisements, so how is Google able to monetize this?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/43na23/eli5_how_does_google_make_money_on_apps_such_as/
{ "a_id": [ "czjgqyo", "czjgs0z", "czjgzi6" ], "score": [ 2, 5, 2 ], "text": [ "I believe they are making there money other places;like their new wireless company, New Google fiber Internet, and nexus devices that but given the apps and other gifts is to build brand loyalty. ", ...
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[ [], [], [] ]
2hqs7x
Much like cable companies are taking hits because of the how popular netflix and other streaming sites have become popular, what kind of hit did radio stations take as television became more popular?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2hqs7x/much_like_cable_companies_are_taking_hits_because/
{ "a_id": [ "ckvbvo5" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "Radio stations that played music had very little change after Television was invented. However, radio plays, dramas and soap operas became nearly extinct. Several popular radio programs, like \"Gun Smoke\" moved to prime time television and many ...
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[ [] ]
4fwvp1
why does britain still honor the queen/royal family?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4fwvp1/eli5why_does_britain_still_honor_the_queenroyal/
{ "a_id": [ "d2cotyx", "d2cpas7", "d2cqac9", "d2crznk", "d2cstd3", "d2ctbzn", "d2cv0cj", "d2cv6ew", "d2cw4rn", "d2cwysr", "d2cwzmh", "d2cxwsf" ], "score": [ 7, 41, 21, 4, 3, 42, 3, 7, 2, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "P...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Civil_War" ], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhyYgnhhKFw" ], [], [], [] ]
10hm91
Are there more unique chess board positions than atoms in the universe?
I have heard that there are more possible moves in a chess game then there are atoms in the entire universe (some people specify *visible* universe). This seems outlandish to me, but I was looking into it and some people have tried to do the math proving it correct, although their math has been less then convincing, of...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10hm91/are_there_more_unique_chess_board_positions_than/
{ "a_id": [ "c6djtc9" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "No, there are not. The number of possible chess positions is no more than around 10^(47), a provable upper bound. The number of protons in the universe is suspected to be AROUND 10^(80). \n\nHowever, that's merely positions. The number of che...
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[ [] ]
36rklf
today, china's richest man lost $15 billion since his stocks crashed. where'd that money go?
Where dat penny?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/36rklf/eli5_today_chinas_richest_man_lost_15_billion/
{ "a_id": [ "crgfigk", "crgfkqa", "crgfkt8", "crgflbm", "crgflur", "crh69t8", "crh7mtb" ], "score": [ 12, 113, 2, 5, 14, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "He never had the money; he just had stocks. We talk about having money when we have stocks, but we leave out t...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
4hvm73
why can't doctors 3d print a bone out of the original plastic stuff rather than have to find a way to do it with cartilage?
Sparked by [this article](_URL_0_)
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4hvm73/eli5_why_cant_doctors_3d_print_a_bone_out_of_the/
{ "a_id": [ "d2sov8l" ], "score": [ 10 ], "text": [ "Your body is a very, very complex machine. A picky machine. If you get a transfusion with the wrong blood, your body will reject it, violently. If an organ transplant is mismatched or incompatible, your body may reject it, violently. It could po...
[]
[ "http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/a19443/3d-printer-bone-cartilidge-and-muscle/" ]
[ [] ]
285k72
when you're hungover, why does standing up amplify the nausea/headache?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/285k72/eli5_when_youre_hungover_why_does_standing_up/
{ "a_id": [ "ci7w0u8" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Standing up decreases the blood pressure in your head. That activates a reflex that dilates the blood vessels in your head and neck. The purpose of the reflex is to maintain an adequate flow of blood and oxygen to your brain so you don't black ou...
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[ [] ]
9q2sv5
How much gun violence was there really in the old west (US, late 1800s)
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9q2sv5/how_much_gun_violence_was_there_really_in_the_old/
{ "a_id": [ "e97ke8j", "e8765rk" ], "score": [ 3, 4 ], "text": [ "Almost none, outside of the very few sporatic instances of lawmen v outlaws, and most of these were not as hollywood shows them. Guns were everywhere in the west - but not on a cowboy's hip. Many towns had laws against openl...
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[]
[ [], [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/historically_accurate#wiki_..._are_.22wild_west.22_tropes.3F" ] ]
3rwu0h
When two particles are attracted toward each other and eventually collide, energy is produced. Where does that energy come from?
Reading [this thread](_URL_0_) about two tiny particles in an otherwise-empty universe, I realized I don't know where the energy comes from to produce light/heat in their ultimate collision. Momentum (?) is converted to energy, but isn't that just saying that energy is converted to energy? What is confusing me is tha...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3rwu0h/when_two_particles_are_attracted_toward_each/
{ "a_id": [ "cws03n2" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "There are different forms of energy, some less \"visible\" than others. In this case potential energy is a form of energy that is stored in the gravitational field between the particles. Regarding different forms of energy and energy conservation...
[]
[ "https://www.reddit.com/r/theydidthemath/comments/3rum1p/request_if_two_particles_of_dust_are_placed_in_an/" ]
[ [ "http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_04.html" ] ]
f345ip
why when you get a cut does blood show up because the way i picture it, blood is just passing through in veins. i don’t understand if there’s just a layer of blood or if the veins release blood.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/f345ip/eli5_why_when_you_get_a_cut_does_blood_show_up/
{ "a_id": [ "fhghkkf", "fhghye4", "fhgi9c3" ], "score": [ 15, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Blood doesn't just travel through veins. To get to the final stage, blood travels through capillaries. These are tiny blood vessels that allow blood to get all the way to all the cells that need it. It...
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[ [], [], [] ]
jgv9m
Question about proteins and enzymes
When they say enzymes bind to different things (DNA, RNA, etc) what is giving them the energy to move around in the cell? How does the enzyme know where to move to? Do they just move around non stop and bind upon random chance when their bond sites are close together? Also..my bio textbook talks about proteins and en...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jgv9m/question_about_proteins_and_enzymes/
{ "a_id": [ "c2bzo40", "c2bzqg1", "c2bzrmq", "c2bzugf", "c2c2diq", "c2c2uix", "c2bzo40", "c2bzqg1", "c2bzrmq", "c2bzugf", "c2c2diq", "c2c2uix" ], "score": [ 19, 4, 3, 3, 2, 3, 19, 4, 3, 3, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "We...
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[]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_dynamics", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMR_spectroscopy" ], [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8NHcQesYl8" ], [ "https://secure.wik...
1u2m72
If the cultures and languages of France are generally much more diverse than those of Germany, why was it a unified, centralized nation so much earlier?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1u2m72/if_the_cultures_and_languages_of_france_are/
{ "a_id": [ "cee28zq", "cee2ukw" ], "score": [ 6, 19 ], "text": [ "I'm not sure about your premises but something to consider, pointed out by Emmanuel Todd. \n\nVery quickly: both countries started as one under Charlemagne. He had three heirs, his kingdom was split in three vertically. Lot...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
626t0v
why do talk radio shows typically start at 7 minutes past the hour?
Possibly relevant: I live in the central time zone, USA. I notice this with AM and FM talk radio shows. It sure seems less confusing to start a show at 6AM not 6:07AM. As another example top of the hour breaks typically run from around 10:58 to 11:07 (or 11:58 to 12:07, etc), at which point a given talk show will re-co...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/626t0v/eli5_why_do_talk_radio_shows_typically_start_at_7/
{ "a_id": [ "dfk5ur8", "dfk6b1u" ], "score": [ 2, 3 ], "text": [ "Radio stations have to run X amount of ads in a programming hour. So instead of doing one ad every ten minutes they do 3 ads at the bottom and top of each hour , then they have less interruptions during discussions and can k...
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[ [], [] ]
1y9kyb
when you've been pulled over by an officer, why must they take so much time to do whatever they have to?
I know they have to call it in, run your plates and ID and all that, but surely they can do it much faster than they normally do. Is it just added punishment? Or is it simply "you've wasted my time by making me pull you over, now I'll waste yours."
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1y9kyb/when_youve_been_pulled_over_by_an_officer_why/
{ "a_id": [ "cfiioh4" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "They are looking up your vehicle tags. Once they have your license they are also looking *you* up.\n\nIdea is that criminals tend to commit crimes. So perhaps you are speeding because the car is stolen. Handy info for the officer." ] }
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[ [] ]
10poas
What would happen if you grabbed a miniature black hole?
Say you took something like a mall or a mountain range and crushed it into a black hole. It would obviously be incredibly small, but what would happen if you picked it up in your hand. Would that even be possible?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10poas/what_would_happen_if_you_grabbed_a_miniature/
{ "a_id": [ "c6fjma5" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "You couldn't hold it because mountains weigh millions of tons. If you got within a few centimeters of it, its gravity would be much stronger than Earth's (not to mention the tidal effects). This means it would start tearing apart whatever it was ...
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[ [] ]
2x5rdc
if time is the next dimension, and if time can be accessed in the fourth dimension, what is next in the fifth dimension? the sixth? the seventh? etc.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2x5rdc/eli5_if_time_is_the_next_dimension_and_if_time/
{ "a_id": [ "cox5ara", "cox5c9d" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Time is treated as a 4th dimension sometimes in relativity because of the concept of spacetime, where three-dimensional space and one-dimensional time are intertwined. In this context, there are only four dimensions.\n\nStri...
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[ [], [] ]
4jh4ng
how accurate or reliable is 'psychological profiling' in real life? and what does that entail?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4jh4ng/eli5_how_accurate_or_reliable_is_psychological/
{ "a_id": [ "d36lv9g" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "In general, it can be useful but should never be considered 100% accurate, simply because of how humans can vary. The idea behind profiling is patterns. Generally speaking, human behavior tends to follow certain patterns. In a criminal sense, for...
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[ [] ]
27l4t0
Did US Marines participate in the D-Day invasion? Did US Marines ever fight in Europe during WW2? Why or why not?
I was looking at some pictures of D-Day on the huffington post and noticed a picture of several men hauling an artillery piece out of a landing craft. The picture is labeled "US Marines landing at Normandy in amphibious landing craft on D-Day, June 6, 1944. (A. E. French/Archive Photos/Getty Images)" and can be found a...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/27l4t0/did_us_marines_participate_in_the_dday_invasion/
{ "a_id": [ "ci1uu3q" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "While I do believe the photograph is probably incorrectly captioned, there were US Marines serving in the ETO during the war.\n\nAmerican battleships and cruisers in the ETO commonly had a detachment of Marines serving onboard. Sometimes, they we...
[]
[ "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/06/70th-anniversary-dday-photos_n_5445367.html?utm_hp_ref=mostpopular" ]
[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1v6yk2/tuesday_trivia_historys_greatest_nobodies_ii/cepcwkt" ] ]
1ebgjh
Were there any air-to-air dogfights between Soviet and American pilots like shown in Top Gun?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ebgjh/were_there_any_airtoair_dogfights_between_soviet/
{ "a_id": [ "c9ym4ce", "c9ynkis", "c9z1qaw" ], "score": [ 48, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "There were a number of lethal dogfights between American and Soviet pilots during the Korean War. Soviet involvement was a poorly kept secret, but the U.S. government never made an issue of the Soviet ...
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[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan_Island_incident" ], [ "http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?93152-Interception-Pics-from-the-cold-war" ], [] ]
2bcnj8
why the earth is oriented as it is in maps and globes and how we know which way is up?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2bcnj8/eli5_why_the_earth_is_oriented_as_it_is_in_maps/
{ "a_id": [ "cj3zj5e", "cj3zjj5", "cj3zkt6", "cj3zode" ], "score": [ 3, 5, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "We don't \"know\" which way is up, because there is no such thing. We just decided as a culture which way we wanted up to be, and so that's what it is. We could flip it all upside ...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
2pqzf8
Is the force of gravity proportional throughout an object?
Does an objects gravitational force vary depending on the place on an object, or is the force of gravity equal throughout an object?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2pqzf8/is_the_force_of_gravity_proportional_throughout/
{ "a_id": [ "cmzdrlt", "cmzdyrn", "cmzmfud" ], "score": [ 6, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "The gravitational force at different points on an object can be different. Such variations are called *tidal effects*, and in fact are the reason we see tides here on Earth (the strength of the gravita...
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[ [], [], [] ]
3mucs6
can children who need organs get them transplanted from adults?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3mucs6/eli5_can_children_who_need_organs_get_them/
{ "a_id": [ "cvi5fm4" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Short answer is yes, longer answer is \"it depends on the organ and the specific patients\". \n\nThere is nothing inherent about organs from adults that makes them fundamentally incompatible with children. The liver very easily could be transplan...
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[ [] ]
2codm7
how come the acid in my stomach doesn't kill me?
Acid + skin = bad. So surely acid + internal organs = very bad?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2codm7/eli5_how_come_the_acid_in_my_stomach_doesnt_kill/
{ "a_id": [ "cjhf5xo", "cjhf7du" ], "score": [ 6, 2 ], "text": [ "Your stomach has special cells that produce mucus to block the acid from destroying your cells. If something goes wrong with that process you get an ulcer.", "Yes. However, the lining of gut is not only specially suited ...
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[ [], [] ]
1owqnk
How did early US presidents handle the "Natural Born Citizenship" requirement?
Obviously the first several presidents couldn't have been born in the new country, so at what point did that become a requirement? Were there any instances of a young politician running on the platform of "I was born in America, whereas my opponent was born in Britain"?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1owqnk/how_did_early_us_presidents_handle_the_natural/
{ "a_id": [ "ccwe0i1", "ccwo39m" ], "score": [ 22, 4 ], "text": [ "I think you might be mixing up your timeline here. Each of the earliest U.S. Presidents was born in what would become the United States. \n\nHowever, the Constitution did make a provision for the circumstance of Presidents ...
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[ [], [] ]
12hjio
I've heard of antiparticles (positrons, antineutrino, etc) and antimatter but i'm still not sure if we have confirmed it's existence. Do they exist? If so, what is the process we went through to discover them?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/12hjio/ive_heard_of_antiparticles_positrons_antineutrino/
{ "a_id": [ "c6v3qfb", "c6v4zkp" ], "score": [ 7, 2 ], "text": [ "Yes, antiparticles have been confirmed to exist. They are observed in a wide variety of particle physics measurements, usually as a by-product or intermediate step in a physical process being studied. One extremely common ...
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[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positron" ], [] ]
4xbmkv
is it worth it to buy the premium/higher octane gasoline option from a gas station, or is it a scam?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4xbmkv/eli5_is_it_worth_it_to_buy_the_premiumhigher/
{ "a_id": [ "d6e3jwe", "d6e3z7a", "d6e405z", "d6e5i38", "d6efkbh" ], "score": [ 5, 9, 9, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "There's a really good explanation from a few years ago here\n\n_URL_0_\n", "It's not a scam...if you have a vehicle designed to use high-octane fuel. Usua...
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[]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/161inc/eli5_the_different_types_of_gasolineunleaded/" ], [], [], [], [] ]
69990x
the counter-argument to the nuremberg defense-" an order is an order".
How did they attack this argument? And does it still make sense?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/69990x/eli5_the_counterargument_to_the_nuremberg_defense/
{ "a_id": [ "dh4rp9u" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "How did they attack it? They rendered it null and void from the start:\n\n > \"The fact that a person acted pursuant to order of his Government or of a superior does not relieve him from responsibility under international law, provided a moral c...
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[ [] ]
2360nw
Because neutron stars are so tightly compacted that their electrons are not free to jump around and gain or lose energy, how are they detectable if not paired with another star?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2360nw/because_neutron_stars_are_so_tightly_compacted/
{ "a_id": [ "cgtz5zw", "cguaso5" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Because they're still hot. And they're still made out of particles that are electrically charged. The bulk of the star is quarks and gluons, either bound into neutrons, or in a possible quark-gluon plasma at the core. The su...
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[ [], [] ]
2dlpva
If the dust in my house is at least partly from outer space, how much weight does the earth gain every year?
If all of these space dust particles are being collected by the earth, enough that I have to dust them away, how much is this adding to the earth's mass? Is the earth slowing down in rotation as a result?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2dlpva/if_the_dust_in_my_house_is_at_least_partly_from/
{ "a_id": [ "cjqunni", "cjszhuh" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "There is absolutely nowhere even remotely close to enough dust from space for you to have to 'dust it away'. Not even accumulated over thousands of years (assuming it spreads evenly across the globe, including into the insid...
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[ [], [] ]
3g4jb5
how does the small amounts of cyanide seen in shows stop cellular respiration in enough cells to kill someone?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3g4jb5/eli5_how_does_the_small_amounts_of_cyanide_seen/
{ "a_id": [ "ctv1ljg" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "Hydrogen cyanide attaches to the hemoglobin in blood, but doesn't let go, unlike CO2 oreven carbon monoxide. So, unless you get a shitload of oxygen AND a transfusion, you're dead!" ] }
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[ [] ]
685egf
what is the determining factor of identical vs fraternal twins?
Some fraternal or sororal twins like nearly identical.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/685egf/eli5_what_is_the_determining_factor_of_identical/
{ "a_id": [ "dgvtbav", "dgvtbt0" ], "score": [ 7, 3 ], "text": [ "Identical twins are one fertilized egg that splits in two. They are (initially) genetically identical.\n\nOtherwise there are two or more fertilized eggs that are genetically the same as a brother and sister.\n\nBasically wi...
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[ [], [] ]
ayh2zk
What was comedy like in the USSR?
I was watching a comedy show made before the Second World War and I started wondering about what was comedy like behind the iron curtain.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ayh2zk/what_was_comedy_like_in_the_ussr/
{ "a_id": [ "ei0vv6l" ], "score": [ 33 ], "text": [ "A brief reminder that the Soviet period covers 1917-1991, so to review Soviet comedy means covering 80 years in multiple mediums. But here is a survey of some of the highlights:\n\n Probably the longest running and most notable source of printed...
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[]
[ [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkDQ8YOQAVA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volga-Volga", "https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSZ69a-0I1RRdNssyttBFcA" ] ]
bnu3ub
how does jeff bezos make money without selling his amazon stock? i know that his net worth is huge because of the stock value but he can't realize any of that without selling, which would mean he would eventually lose his controlling interest. i've heard he only takes a $89k salary per year.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bnu3ub/eli5_how_does_jeff_bezos_make_money_without/
{ "a_id": [ "en982hr", "en9aj64", "en9bqd7" ], "score": [ 13, 5, 2 ], "text": [ "He sells his amazon stock.\n\nHe has a shitload of amazon stock, nearly 79 millions shares, which he is slowly selling off so he has money for other ventures\n\nJeff Bezos hasn't had a controlling inte...
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[]
[ [], [ "https://www1.salary.com/Jeffrey-P-Bezos-Salary-Bonus-Stock-Options-for-Amazon-Com-Inc.html", "https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/AMZN/holders/" ], [] ]
32xf6i
What happens in the 'background' of the computer or the circuits during a 'random generator' event?
What actually occurs inside the program and how do we know the results are definitely random?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/32xf6i/what_happens_in_the_background_of_the_computer_or/
{ "a_id": [ "cqghrw3" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Assuming you're simply referring to when a program generates a random number, most of the time it's just some math.\n\nBy far the most common way to generate random numbers is with a [Linear Congruential Generator](_URL_3_). When the program sta...
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[ [ "http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man4/random.4.html", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersenne_Twister", "http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/drivers/char/random.c", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_congruential_generator", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_random_number_generator" ]...
1px2b8
How did the gunpowder plot of 1605 become commemorated as an annual holiday (Guy Fawkes Day) in Britain?
I am fascinated by 17th century British history and have always been curious about the gunpowder plot and Guy Fawkes Day and how it became a national holiday. I'd also like to know more about the "remember remember the fifth of November" saying / poem.
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1px2b8/how_did_the_gunpowder_plot_of_1605_become/
{ "a_id": [ "cd7zeh6" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "[Partial answer here](_URL_0_)." ] }
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[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1pyzz1/how_did_the_anniversary_of_the_execution_of_guy/" ] ]
126glw
Have any animals or creatures ever made it through the Panama Canal and damaged the other side's ecosystem?
I don't know if they have nets or anything preventing this kind of thing.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/126glw/have_any_animals_or_creatures_ever_made_it/
{ "a_id": [ "c6sljot", "c6sp0lz" ], "score": [ 12, 2 ], "text": [ "Most of the Panama Canal is [fresh water](_URL_0_). This probably prevents most salt water species from freely moving from the Caribbean to the Pacific. However, the major damage is always the ships carrying ballast filled ...
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[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_canal#Water_issues" ], [ "http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatics/spottedjellyfish.shtml#.UIx8TMXA98E", "http://ocean.si.edu/ocean-videos/researching-invasive-species-near-panama-canal" ] ]
3d594m
What is the history of the stereotypical "evil laugh"?
Earlier today while listening to some video game music the question crossed my mind about where the stereotypical 'evil laugh' that comes up so often in music, games, movies, books, and so on comes from. Think [this sort of thing](_URL_0_), the ol 'muahahahaha'. Where did it first appear? Are there instances of old lit...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3d594m/what_is_the_history_of_the_stereotypical_evil/
{ "a_id": [ "ct25tdq", "ct29mkf" ], "score": [ 14, 9 ], "text": [ "Cool question BTW. There are quite a few instances of it being used in older literature. The best firm \"proof\" goes back to the 1800s when a few different journals had some short stories with the use of this laugh. Mos...
[]
[ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRamB30E9mU" ]
[ [], [ "http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/EvilLaugh", "http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/KickTheDog" ] ]
11rsxu
Are there any life forms that use nitrogen like we use oxygen? Or is it to stable to be of much use in that way?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/11rsxu/are_there_any_life_forms_that_use_nitrogen_like/
{ "a_id": [ "c6p10hz", "c6p2v2q" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "The closest I know of are these guys: _URL_0_", "Not sure why this was downvoted. It's an interesting question.\n\nDo you mean N2 or does any form of nitrogen count? As Gargatua said, there are many bacteria that breath ...
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[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denitrifying_bacteria" ], [] ]
41v02m
why do things like mersenne primes matter to anyone but mathematicians?
Disclaimer: I was an English major in college. I've always hated "performing" math but am still somewhat fascinated by mathematical developments like what I linked below if only for their own sake. So [on Slashdot](_URL_0_) there was an article about the discovery of the largest Mersenne prime found to date - five mi...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/41v02m/eli5_why_do_things_like_mersenne_primes_matter_to/
{ "a_id": [ "cz5b0ee", "cz5dvo2" ], "score": [ 4, 2 ], "text": [ "There are lots of applications for primes in encryption. But as to Mersenne primes in particular I don't know. It's quite possibly pure mathematics, done for the insights it gives into the nature of numbers.", "It is mos...
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[ "http://science.slashdot.org/story/16/01/20/0137259/new-mersenne-prime-discovered-largest-known-prime-number-274207281---1" ]
[ [], [] ]
1jdoap
what is a syndicated show?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1jdoap/eli5_what_is_a_syndicated_show/
{ "a_id": [ "cbdn2au", "cbdo117" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Syndication is basically reruns. It's when a station buys the rights to an already broadcast show. Often this happens for long running shows after they have gone off the air, but more recently it sometimes will happen with...
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[ [], [] ]
1j3zl7
Why don't egg yolks break even when an egg is shaken vigorously?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1j3zl7/why_dont_egg_yolks_break_even_when_an_egg_is/
{ "a_id": [ "cbavqc1", "cbavs3v" ], "score": [ 3, 14 ], "text": [ "This question is actually related to physics principles. Surfaces are generally ruptured by pressure - not force. Pressure is force divided by area.\n\nTake, for example, snow. If you walk on deep snow, your boot will sink ...
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[ [], [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aazP6zvJmiQ" ] ]
gc2x5
Does leg bouncing/twitching really burn hundreds of calories a day?
From reading around it's seems there's a consensus that you do burn a notable amount of calories if you're a leg bouncer, but the range of calories cited seems really wide. How many calories a day or hour do I really burn from my annoying habit?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/gc2x5/does_leg_bouncingtwitching_really_burn_hundreds/
{ "a_id": [ "c1mgd2c", "c1mh1ve" ], "score": [ 4, 2 ], "text": [ "I don't know, but I have a feeling it's not that much.\n\nWhat I do want to say, however, is that you should make sure both you and the sources you've read know the distinction between calories and Calories. 1 Calorie = 100...
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[ [], [] ]
ivzax
Stirring Water
On a molecular level,what is it about stirring water that makes it dissolve substances faster than if you just let it sit? For instance if you dump a spoonful of salt in a glass of water, the salt will settle at the bottom and could take quite a long time to completely dissolve. However, if you stir the water, the salt...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ivzax/stirring_water/
{ "a_id": [ "c272bdy" ], "score": [ 15 ], "text": [ "The rate at which the salt dissolves depends on the local concentration of the ions it dissolves into. When you just drop the salt in and let it settle at the bottom the ions created as it dissolves are only transported away from the source by ...
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9rilu6
the reason for the recent drop in us stocks
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9rilu6/eli5_the_reason_for_the_recent_drop_in_us_stocks/
{ "a_id": [ "e8h6vf0", "e8h8emw", "e8hh042" ], "score": [ 3, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "The stock market does not like uncertainty. We're approaching an election where the Democrats may take control of the House of Representatives. Generally Democrats tend to be anti-business and favoring ...
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[ [], [], [] ]
9fo2sw
why do captcha's always ask me to identify cars, crosswalks, and store fronts?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9fo2sw/eli5_why_do_captchas_always_ask_me_to_identify/
{ "a_id": [ "e5xy4td", "e5xy88c" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "I believe I read somewhere it's somehow helping machines learn how to identify those objects, but what the fuck do I know.", "It serves two purposes.\n\n1.) To provide a task that can not be reliably completed by an auto...
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[ [], [] ]
27xa95
Was the English claim to the French throne during the Hundred Years War objectively legitimate or not?
Basically what would a completely objective observer say if they looked at the line of succession? Would they deem the French kings legitimate or the English?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/27xa95/was_the_english_claim_to_the_french_throne_during/
{ "a_id": [ "ci5ba6u" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "I'm afraid it depends on what standard this objective observer uses.\n\n[Here's a brief genealogy from Wikipedia](_URL_0_). You can see that, if women are allowed to inherit claims to the throne, then Edward III of England is clearly the legitim...
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[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_claims_to_the_French_throne#mediaviewer/File:Hundred_Years_War_family_tree.svg" ] ]
rnbgb
How do girls develop "girl hand writing" and boys develop "boy hand writing"?
I know this is not the case for every girl and every boy. I am assuming this is a totally cultural-relative thing. But still, how do they initially form their distinctive hand writings? Do they copy others, is it the way they are taught, etc.? By "girl and boy hand writings" I mean the stereotypical hand writing girl...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/rnbgb/how_do_girls_develop_girl_hand_writing_and_boys/
{ "a_id": [ "c477ijc", "c477sa4", "c478dcq", "c478obt", "c478uk9", "c478w81", "c479lac", "c47cb5u" ], "score": [ 39, 13, 864, 23, 10, 211, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "I suggest [this](_URL_0_) if you can access it via a university or something. If not...
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[ [ "http://www.springerlink.com/content/vglw26pq238knu34/" ], [ "http://www.kinsellaresearch.com/new/Cuties%20in%20Japan.pdf" ], [ "http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/apl/18/5/705/", "http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=EJ439950...
1jnfs2
How did they color comics/animations before computers?
How were comics like Tintin colourized and mass produced before things like photoshop? And how where disney animations made and colorized?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1jnfs2/how_did_they_color_comicsanimations_before/
{ "a_id": [ "cbgpm3e" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "\"By hand\", a snarky person would say. On a serious note though, I can probably give some insight on the process for animated films - I do digital animation and 3D modeling semi-professionally and have a keen interest in how that came to be.\n\n...
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[ [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWKo5veKjVU" ] ]
aglpp0
Is the Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum still hold true in the face of expansion of the Universe?
For example, angular momentum for the Earth-Sun system is L = r\*m\*v (assuming Sun's centre as reference). Universe's expansion will cause r to change year over year. So how does angular momentum L remain conserved?
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/aglpp0/is_the_law_of_conservation_of_angular_momentum/
{ "a_id": [ "ee71zy8" ], "score": [ 11 ], "text": [ "Conservation of angular momentum would only be violated if our cosmological models were anisotropic (i.e. had a special \"angle\" baked into them). This is the result of a more general and deep connection in physics between symmetries and conser...
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