q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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550c9n | when cooking, why do we mix specific ingredients at a time | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/550c9n/eli5when_cooking_why_do_we_mix_specific/ | {
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"Various reasons. It's easier to mix all the liquids together and all the dry and then mix the two mixes, or there needs to be a specific reaction that takes place between two ingredients, etc. ",
"L... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[]
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4z29ub | why do we find roller coasters and similar rides enjoyable? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4z29ub/eli5_why_do_we_find_roller_coasters_and_similar/ | {
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"\"Nothing in life is so exhilarating as to be shot at without result.\" - Winston Churchill\n\nDangerous stimuli, such as great heights and fast speeds - both of which are features of rollercoasters, trigger the sympathetic ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
tcpc1 | how we know what everything in space does, and how its formed without actually being there, or witnessing it. | IDK, lol I'm not an astronomer, I don't even know how to word the question right. But how is it that we somehow know what, for example, a black hole is, how it got there, and what it does without actually witnessing any of it happen. or did we? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/tcpc1/eli5_how_we_know_what_everything_in_space_does/ | {
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"We can witness a lot of it through telescopes. We know about planets around other stars, for example, by the 'wobble' of the star that we can observe when watching it. The mass of something affects eve... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
11jjkg | Does the Snooze Button Actually Give Us More Rest? | I was just wondering if sleeping for an additional 10 or so minutes after being abruptly awoken would actually get us more rest, as opposed to forcing ourselves to get up when the alarm goes for the first time.
There are also people, like myself, who snooze multiple times throughout the morning. Does getting awoken mu... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/11jjkg/does_the_snooze_button_actually_give_us_more_rest/ | {
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"text": [
"Ok, follow-up: what would be a good interval for a programmable snooze function on an alarm clock in terms... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2031502/Hands-snooze-button-Wake-tired-Heres-bounce-bed.html",
"http://www.maimonidesmed.org/Main/News/The-Snooze-Button-Friend-or-Foe-236.aspx"
],
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/v2zuh/is_there_any_reason_or_advantage_to_desiri... | |
711rxp | Book about Knights in Medieval Spain | Hello,
I'm currently writing a story about an idiot knight and his fake heroics, set in a fictional place similar to Spain.
I'm looking for a book to provide me with some inspiration and historical context.
Who were some of the knights who fought in the Iberian Peninsula? What were some of their feats?
Any period ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/711rxp/book_about_knights_in_medieval_spain/ | {
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"text": [
" > an idiot knight and his fake heroics, set in a fictional place similar to Spain.\n\nNot to put too fine a point on it, but you should probably check out Miguel de Cervantes, *Don Quixote* first."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
100wy0 | [Medicine] Can any cardiologists give a real insight into "Cough Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation" or "Cough CPR" and its effectiveness in assisting someone who is about to go into cardiac arrest? | Dear medical staff and cardiology specialists in particular, I wonder if you could shed some insight into the "cough CPR" procedure based on my recent experience below.
Many thanks in advance.
----
Recently, a number of contacts on Facebook have been sharing the following text, accompanied by a stock image of a guy ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/100wy0/medicine_can_any_cardiologists_give_a_real/ | {
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"text": [
"Anesthesiologist here. Vagal maneuvers (coughing, bearing down) may terminate some tachyarythmias by stimulating the vagal nerve and activating parasympathetics which counteract sympathetic stimulation which initiates the ta... | [] | [
"http://mendedhearts.org/resources/about-heart-disease/the-coughing-rumor",
"BritishHeartFoundation.org.uk",
"http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/CardiacArrest/Cough-CPR_UCM_432380_Article.jsp#.TvxPIZfw18F",
"Heart.org",
"Resus.org.uk",
"http://www.resus.org.uk/pages/coughCPR.htm",
"MendedHear... | [
[],
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] | |
1xctps | Is there any evidence that people would purposefully lame blacksmiths because their skills were too essential for a village to lose? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1xctps/is_there_any_evidence_that_people_would/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfabs1o"
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"score": [
13
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"text": [
"Just out of curiosity, where did you hear this? I've never heard it before."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2dsczl | Does a submerged object placed in a vessel of water (or other liquid) change the total overall weight of that vessel? | Suppose I have a 20 gallon fish tank. I fill it with 15 gallons of water and weigh the tank. I then submerge a 5 pound object in the tank, which does not touch the bottom but rather stays suspended in the liquid. If I weigh the tank again, does the weight change? What if I used another liquid besides water? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2dsczl/does_a_submerged_object_placed_in_a_vessel_of/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Dit will weight 5 pound more than before. The object dies not need to touch the tank. His own weight is transmitted through water. It would be the same with an other liquid. \nTo recap: the object is 'pushing' on the water w... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
a5d9o3 | In a vacuum, all objects, regardless of mass, fall at the same rate. However, since objects with less mass have less inertia and therefore they are affected more by the same amount of force, why don't object with less mass fall at a greater rate in a vacuum than more massive objects? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/a5d9o3/in_a_vacuum_all_objects_regardless_of_mass_fall/ | {
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"text": [
"The force of classical gravity is proportional to the masses of *both* objects in a gravitational interact. The formula is F=GMm/r^(2), where M is the mass of one object, and m is... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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dda4o7 | [WW2] What was the proportion of Luftwaffe casualties between Eastern and Western fronts? What Germans themselves thought of different opponents? | The question is very interesting to me as a Russian since information I've managed to gather is very confusing and self-contradicting. When we talk about overall tank and human losses of the Third Reich, it's pretty clear that majority of them were inflicted in the East. When we talk about naval losses, it's obvious th... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/dda4o7/ww2_what_was_the_proportion_of_luftwaffe/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It's an interesting question, as it tests our faith in documents and implications of bias. However, German military documents - at least those not doctored for public consumption - have proven mostly accurate to the German military situation, at... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.stsg.de/cms/sites/default/files/dateien/texte/Overmans.pdf"
]
] | |
1etdls | How soon after the advent of agriculture did humans start hybridizing crops? (selecting desired traits) | Also can anyone recommend a book about agriculture through history? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1etdls/how_soon_after_the_advent_of_agriculture_did/ | {
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"text": [
"Its worth noting that selecting desired traits does not have to include hybridizing. Plants such as Vitis vinifera (wine grapes) can have somatic mutations that require cloning (growing a cutting) to preserve and select the desirable trait. I c... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6qqs42 | How did countries with an established private healthcare system transition into a public healthcare system? | How did the various countries that have a somewhat to entirely public healthcare system transition from what was previously private healthcare?
I know many of the posters here have a specialty in specific countries and regions, so hopefully leaving this question open ended will allow for a diverse collection of answer... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6qqs42/how_did_countries_with_an_established_private/ | {
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"text": [
"What is interesting here is that the very notion of state-sponsored healthcare, as a component of the liberal states in the 19th century, was in part driven by a desire to strengthen the state against rival structures. It can be said that the na... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3u4f6a | if a company is hacked and user name and passwords are compromised, why doesn't the company immediately disable all of the accounts and require a new password upon next log on? | Saw a post that Amazon was hacked. Wouldn't it be easier to lock out the entirety of usernames and passwords and require a new password upon next log in? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3u4f6a/eli5_if_a_company_is_hacked_and_user_name_and/ | {
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"text": [
"If it is a very serious breach they will require users to get a new password at some point. Most data breaches are not very severe though, as even if you can access password data it is usually hashed and salted and sometimes... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
8y64nt | how do women who have been on birth control pills their whole life have menopause? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8y64nt/eli5_how_do_women_who_have_been_on_birth_control/ | {
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"text": [
"Menopause has more to do with active hormone cycles than the actual egg. The endocrine system has more say of when menopause begins rather than actual fertility. \n\nThe pill only... | [] | [] | [
[],
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22k9wx | the difference between 100s and short cigarettes | Aside from them being different length, what makes them different... Why would there not be a difference in price if there is more or less contained in the cigarettes? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/22k9wx/eli5_the_difference_between_100s_and_short/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The 100s contain more filter, same amount of tobacco I believe. ",
"This appears to be summed up quite well at _URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.thesmokingstore.com/cigarette-sizes/"
]
] | |
3e0q2b | how has donald trump gained such front-running status so quickly? | How has he had such a blitz in poll numbers? Do people know nothing about him or are these poll numbers skewed or should I just lose hope in humanity? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3e0q2b/eli5_how_has_donald_trump_gained_such/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Keep in mind he is only polling at 15%, and that is just among Republicans. He is going off name recognition mostly. That and the fact that nobody likes any of the candidates that are running. ",
"Have you ever heard o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
aen7ws | how does a vickrey auction work? | _URL_0_
It says that the highest bidder wins, but they pays the amount bid by the second-highest bidder. Am I interpreting this wrong? Why can't you just bid a billion dollars, because you never pay your bidded amount? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/aen7ws/eli5_how_does_a_vickrey_auction_work/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Because it’s a sealed bid auction, you don’t know what other people have bid. \n\nYou could put a ridiculous bid, but so could someone else, forcing you or them to actually pay it. \n\nThe idea behind them is to make you bid... | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickrey_auction"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1pn1fz | What did students in the early united states learn in school if there even was school? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1pn1fz/what_did_students_in_the_early_united_states/ | {
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"text": [
"Boston Latin School is the first public school and oldest existing school in the United States. It was founded in 1635. Boston itself was only founded in 1629. The school taught Latin, Greek, Religion, and Oration.\n\nOf ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/nep/1777/index.htm",
"http://www.library.utoronto.ca/utel/ret/coote/coote.html",
"http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=etas"
]
] | ||
1bbiuj | Question regarding the technology used in 3D televisions that do not require polarized glasses | My understanding of 3D technology is that the 3D effect is caused by sending two slightly different images to each of a person's eyes. Newer 3D TV's have managed to accomplish this without the use of polarized glasses, which must mean the screen itself is sending different images at different angles.
Is there a limit... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1bbiuj/question_regarding_the_technology_used_in_3d/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"[The cover article on the March 21 issue of *Nature* discusses this exact topic](_URL_2_). \n\nAs I understand it, there are a number of current technologies, but most of them rely on having neighboring pixels displaying pieces of the two differ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v495/n7441/full/nature11972.html",
"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v495/n7441/full/495316a.html",
"http://www.nature.com/news/hologram-lite-idea-for-3d-phone-displays-1.12647#/b2"
]
] | |
1rt3a5 | Why is it that serial computer connections like USB are more used/faster than parallel ones today? | As I understand it, serial communication is basically one wire of communication, parallel is more than one. Most newer ports (USB, ethernet, FireWire) are serial, right? Why not parallel? Intuitively, it feels like many parallel connections going as fast as a modern serial connection could be much more efficient. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1rt3a5/why_is_it_that_serial_computer_connections_like/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"1. Timing. If there is too much timing skew, then bits of data that should belong to one time slice end up in the other one, and you have errors. \n\n2. More wires means more power consumption.\n\n3. When wires are close together, signals that sh... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1quzsd | Why aren't Higgs bosons everywhere? (And a few other related questions.) | The Higgs field permeates all space, and all fermions in the universe (that we know of) (I think) have mass, so where are all of the Higgs bosons to maintain that field?
And on a related note, since Higgs bosons *aren't* everywhere, are there possible unintended consequences of smashing particles together to make one?... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1quzsd/why_arent_higgs_bosons_everywhere_and_a_few_other/ | {
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5,
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"text": [
"Higgs bosons don't maintain the Higgs field, nor do photons maintain the electromagnetic field, etc. These particles are excitations of their respective fields. The fields exist whether there's a partic... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
113589 | was william jennings bryan the greatest orator in american history? | i know this is a matter of opinion, but would it be a credible opinion to hold? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/113589/was_william_jennings_bryan_the_greatest_orator_in/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Undoubtedly many have equalled or exceeded him. I do think, however, that to be America's \"greatest\" orator is about having successfully and with great impact captured something deeply buried at the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1pw5dp | Prior to the 22nd Amendment/FDR, had any presidents ever considered breaking Washington's 2-term precedent? | More specifically, is there proof of any president wanting to/possibly considering running for a third term? This is also barring Teddy Roosevelt in the 1912 election. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1pw5dp/prior_to_the_22nd_amendmentfdr_had_any_presidents/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd6unjc"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Teddy Roosevelt wanted another term. His first one was technically William McKinley's but Roosevelt said after his election in 1904 that he considered the first term to be HIS first term and would not run again in 1912. Well..he ran again in 1916... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7csgz6 | what happens to profits after a company becomes closed or defunct? | Such as buying a game after the developer goes defunct, a song after the record company closes, etc. Does money always make it's way to someone involved, or does the publisher/retailer keep the profit from that point? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7csgz6/eli5_what_happens_to_profits_after_a_company/ | {
"a_id": [
"dpsbykz",
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"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"When a store gets a physical good, such as a game or a CD, they pay for it. At that point, the company that produced it has made their profit. It doesn't matter if the product sells tomorrow or 5 years from now or gets thr... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4wcl6u | How did pirates such as Blackbeard, Bartholomew Roberts, and Jack Rackham get their own flag designs? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4wcl6u/how_did_pirates_such_as_blackbeard_bartholomew/ | {
"a_id": [
"d664ykl"
],
"score": [
17
],
"text": [
"Might I suggest crossposting to /r/vexillology? It's a fine community of flag historians"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4k3brc | what is the purpose of information technology infrastructure library(itil)? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4k3brc/eli5what_is_the_purpose_of_information_technology/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"At its most basic level, ITIL is really a set of best practices for IT Service Management - without a methodical approach, Service Management can be something that's done on a fairly ad-hoc basis without any specific directi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
8wa9f9 | why is the book of mormon in so many hotel rooms even though it isn’t a major religion? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8wa9f9/eli5_why_is_the_book_of_mormon_in_so_many_hotel/ | {
"a_id": [
"e1tvkmm"
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"score": [
3
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"text": [
"The founder of Marriott was a Mormon. All their hotels (Fairfield Inn, Marriott, Courtyard, Renaissance etc) will have the Book of Mormon. They just bought Starwood hotels (Sheraton, W, Westin, etc) so likely their hotels will soon have them as... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3skz4z | Why didn't China actively try to conquer the north? | Most non-academic history book I've read say something about the land is mostly grass, not suitable for agriculture. In my university biology class, it says the land north is the best biome for agriculture, same biome as the one in mid US and Ukraine. Is there any limitation such as technology that made Chinese think i... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3skz4z/why_didnt_china_actively_try_to_conquer_the_north/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwyq69j"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Instead of why they couldn't, I think this question is asking why they didn't care to. Short and simple, the answer is Chinese elitism. Much like ancient Greeks (save Alexander who was Macedonian anyway) the Chinese considered themselves the apex... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
23krq0 | why is primary and secondary education free and considered essential for everyone but not university? | All children must enroll at primary school because that is considered basic education and that isn't enough either so they have to go to high school. But then the line is drawn at college and universitiy around the age of 17,18 where they are highly selective and expensive.
Is it because our society has simply not dev... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/23krq0/eli5_why_is_primary_and_secondary_education_free/ | {
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"text": [
"It is free in Denmark.\... | [] | [] | [
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ediohf | why do handbrakes/e-brakes and footbrakes work differently? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ediohf/eli5_why_do_handbrakesebrakes_and_footbrakes_work/ | {
"a_id": [
"fbi2uoi",
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"score": [
6,
4
],
"text": [
"Foot brakes are usually a hydraulic system. You step on the pedal, fluid moves and a caliper compresses the brake shoes. There are many parts here: hydraulic fluid, accumulators, pistons... lots of things that can leak or ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1ymdql | when the army is called in to handle violent protests, etc why do these men agree to shoot upon their own fellow citizens? what happens if you refuse? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ymdql/eli5_when_the_army_is_called_in_to_handle_violent/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfls9i9"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Because most of the time, the army isn't called to stop a protest unless it has become a full fledged riot. And rioters are not exerting their right to protest anymore, they have just become a danger to themselves and others and to private and pu... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2ka1lo | How much historical evidence is there for a great flood? | I've heard that there is evidence aside from the bible to suggest there was some kind of great flood. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2ka1lo/how_much_historical_evidence_is_there_for_a_great/ | {
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"score": [
45,
22,
85,
8
],
"text": [
"Usually these arguments are put forth by creationists trying to prove that the Bible is true. They call it *flood geology*; it originated in the early 20th century with Seventh-... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacial_erratic#History",
"http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Recherches_sur_la_p%C3%A9riode_glaciaire_et_l%E2%80%99ancienne_extension_des_glaciers_du_Mont-Blanc_depuis_les_Alpes_jusqu%E2%80%99au_Jura"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea_deluge_hypothesis",
... | |
76sgxp | Why Does Space Smell Like Burning Metal? | In his recent AMA [Scott Kelly said](_URL_0_) that space smells like burning metal. What would cause this? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/76sgxp/why_does_space_smell_like_burning_metal/ | {
"a_id": [
"doh5vuv"
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"text": [
"Hydrocarbons! Space is mostly empty, but there's a lot of 'dust' out there. Astronauts also report \"Burnt Steak\" smell sticking to spacesuits when coming back from a spacewalk. \"Metallic\" smells are actually caused by the breakdown of substa... | [] | [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/76rrh0/i_am_scott_kelly_former_nasa_astronaut_and_author/dog80cs/"
] | [
[]
] | |
1jsqaz | How did Egyptian Hieroglyphics work? | Was there a single picture representing each thing? Did they have what we consider to be synonyms? Did they modify each character or did they use strings of words to create bigger meanings, like full-fledged adjectives? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1jsqaz/how_did_egyptian_hieroglyphics_work/ | {
"a_id": [
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" > Was there a single picture representing each thing? Did they modify each character or did they use strings of words to create bigger meanings, like full-fledged adjectives?\n\nThere are 5 stages of hieroglyphs - Old, Middle, or Late Egyptian,... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://csmt.uchicago.edu/glossary2004/hieroglyphics/hieroglyphics1.gif",
"http://archive.org/details/egyptianhierogly01budguoft",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebus",
"http://www.jimloy.com/hiero/e-dict.htm"
]
] | |
2dw6r6 | What Happens to the Kinetic Energy in Positron Annihilation? | As a Physics graduate (I work in Radiotherapy), I should be able to answer this, but it's got me stumped.
To create an electron-positron pair requires at least a photon with at least 1.022MeV of energy (pair production). Hence when an annihilation events occurs, 2 511keV photons are produced. Makes sense.
But what ha... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2dw6r6/what_happens_to_the_kinetic_energy_in_positron/ | {
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"The photons will have more energy than just the rest mass of the electrons, to account for the electrons' kinetic energy. Other particles can also form, if the energy is high enough. CERN ran a very hig... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2qw7jp | before electronic currency, how did central banks, e.g the fed, pay for the production of legal tender (bills/coins)? | It costs money to print money. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2qw7jp/eli5_before_electronic_currency_how_did_central/ | {
"a_id": [
"cna4ini"
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"text": [
"Electronic bookkeeping was not the first time balances were written down rather than represented with physical objects. Did you think that when I deposited $50 in a bank in 1950, that exact $50 bill was kept in the vault until I asked for it back... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3q11ss | what happens to a company when it's stock reaches zero? | Does the company go bankrupt? I know the stock market is largely based on faith in a company, but can't a company run without people having faith in it? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3q11ss/eli5_what_happens_to_a_company_when_its_stock/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The company won't go bankrupt just because its stock price has collapsed, but the stock price probably collapsed because of other problems which are about to lead to the company going bankrupt.\n\nLet's assume that the compa... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
runpa | Why don't we use hydrogen balloons for first stage space deployment rather than rockets | I was watching a video about the highest skydives and it included video of an astronaut jumping from above the troposphere. His jump platform was a modified weather balloon. I got to thinking, why do we waste the resources burning fuel to get through the atmosphere when we could get most of the way through using ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/runpa/why_dont_we_use_hydrogen_balloons_for_first_stage/ | {
"a_id": [
"c48seee",
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4,
5
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"text": [
"Those balloons that reach orbit are not actually in orbit. They are still held aloft by the buoyancy of the balloon on the atmosphere. If you removed that balloon, the whole thing would fall down.\n\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/space/hsfe_shuttle/facts.html",
"http://muppet.wikia.com/wiki/Macy's_Thanksgiving_Day_Parade",
"http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/phys/hydrogen.htm"
],
[]
] | |
1c5xw9 | what is wall street | Explain (like I'm 5) what is walstreet? And what is occupy walstreet? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1c5xw9/eli5_what_is_wall_street/ | {
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"text": [
"Wall Street is a place where people buy and sell shares of companies. ",
"Wall Street is a famous street in New York with many Banks and trading places. The trading places don't sell goods, they sel... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | |
c9r7nk | I'm interested to know how the political attitude in Germany changed after WW2 from what appeared to be predominantly nationalist and anti-semitic facism to the democracy we know today. | I got thinking about this due to current world events and the worrying rise of national populism. I see history repeating itself to lesser extent but it's still worrying nonetheless.
Wondered how long it took the majority of the German population to see the error of its ways and reverse its thinking?
I hope this isn... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/c9r7nk/im_interested_to_know_how_the_political_attitude/ | {
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"text": [
"There are lots of answers in many threads on Denazification in this sub what will likely provide lots of answers to this question I think. For instance.\n\n - [What effects did Denazification have on the German and Austrian society?](_URL_0_)\... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ahyjds/what_effects_did_denazification_have_on_the/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/843xmv/what_was_done_to_make_sure_germans_didnt_become/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6ufxkq/in_what_ways_and_to_what_extent_did/... | |
1kdgir | what's the deal with the holy trinity? why is it still monotheistic? | I understand the concept of God and Jesus, but what is the Holy Spirit? And how does Christianity remain monotheistic? I'm asking this with a respectful curiosity. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1kdgir/eli5_whats_the_deal_with_the_holy_trinity_why_is/ | {
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"The idea is that even though there are three parts they are the same thing.\n\nBelievers might describe it as parts of the body. While your arm is obviously... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://i.imgur.com/u9wZMUT.jpg"
],
[],
[
"http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20john%205:7&version=KJV"
]
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5dd2s9 | how do compression stockings help to prevent blood clots? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5dd2s9/eli5_how_do_compression_stockings_help_to_prevent/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Blood clots tend to form when blood is sitting stagnant. The compression increases blood pressure in the area and pushes blood out of the area, back into circulation."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
s3nft | When we break a bone, is it nerve receptors in the bone that register the pain, or receptors in the muscles around the bone? | I got to thinking about this today, and realized I'm not sure! | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/s3nft/when_we_break_a_bone_is_it_nerve_receptors_in_the/ | {
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"text": [
"Bones are covered by a membrane called the periosteum, which is very sensitive to pain.",
"Injuries cause the body to release a cocktail of signaling molecules and other factors that lead to inflam... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2w9q94 | how is it that software can crash, but restarting and trying a second time doesn't always yield the same results? | I mean, I've always thought computers are so logical, they are literally repeating the same steps and routines. This is strange because sometimes a program can do something wrong and crash, but if you reopen and do the same thing, it'll work the second time around. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2w9q94/eli5_how_is_it_that_software_can_crash_but/ | {
"a_id": [
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"A lot of programs are doing a number of things simultaneously. It could easily be something \"under the covers\" that causes the crash. The actions you're found may only cause a problem if a number of other things were done first. Or, even toughe... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
g05p2 | Why aren't plants more intelligent? | I understand the lack of nervous systems etc, but why doesn't evolution shape them to become more self aware like animals? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/g05p2/why_arent_plants_more_intelligent/ | {
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"What good would it do them as they are?\n\nMost importantly, evolution is not a pointed or goal oriented syste... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.ted.com/talks/stefano_mancuso_the_roots_of_plant_intelligence.html"
],
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] | |
430n3i | einstein podolsky rosen paradox | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/430n3i/eli5_einstein_podolsky_rosen_paradox/ | {
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"This is actually not terribly hard to do.\n\nHeisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that certain properties of quantum mechanical systems can't be precisely known simultaneously (why this is the case doesn't matter too much for an ELI5-level ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bell-theorem/"
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3aaq7l | Why is New Horizons not flying closer than 7750 miles from Pluto's surface? | Wouldn't flying closer yield more/better data/pictures? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3aaq7l/why_is_new_horizons_not_flying_closer_than_7750/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"because 7750 miles is extremly close for a planetary flyby. there is the chance that any closer would cause the ship to go of course due to the gravity of the planet, or that a slight miscalculation would place the ship closer than expected. ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1yjok6 | can somebody please help me to understand the political structure in india and how this influences the citizens? | This is something I've been trying to wrap my head around recently and I cannot seem to find a simple answer. From what I understand so far is that they employ both a president and prime minister and that they have different purposes, but I'm not entirely sure how it all works. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1yjok6/eli5_can_somebody_please_help_me_to_understand/ | {
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"Okay, I'll bite since I'm Indian.\n\nIndia does have both a president and a prime minister. The real power though rests with the Prime Minister (Dr. Manmohan Singh) while the President (Pranab Mukherjee) is only a ceremonial head. India inherited... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
26p2bj | the purpose of developing self driving cars. | I'm wondering why so much research effort and finance is going into developing self driving cars.
Edit: Another reason I'm asking this is because I'm thinking of that Henry Ford quote ("If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster horses."). Maybe it's not a driverless car that we need - maybe i... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/26p2bj/eli5the_purpose_of_developing_self_driving_cars/ | {
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"text": [
"Because nearly every traffic accident is caused by driver error AND nearly every traffic jam is caused by driver over-reaction. If we eliminate those two iss... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3xwrip | why does comcast charge me *less* to provide tv internet than internet alone? | I was paying $80/month for Internet alone. Called up, they offered me the same Internet service plus basic TV for $60/month with a one-year contract. How is this a better deal for them?
When I lived another place, the local provider there did the same thing, so it's not just Comcast either. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3xwrip/eli5_why_does_comcast_charge_me_less_to_provide/ | {
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"text": [
"This is likely some promotional rate, which will increase in 12-24 months above what you were paying for a single service.",
"They bundle it up. The thing is though after your... | [] | [] | [
[],
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88jb60 | Examples of Autocrats who were loved by their people | Bonus points for the following.
A.) They regularly monitored and executed political opposition.
B.) their policies legitimately improved the well being of their people.
C.) People outside of their dominion saw the people inside as disillusioned about said autocrats competency. | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/88jb60/examples_of_autocrats_who_were_loved_by_their/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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3
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"text": [
"**Check out this one AMAZING trick that made the Greeks LOVE their tyrants!**\n\nThink of Ancient Greece. Are you thinking of temples and statues, of heroes and philosophers? Are you thinking of democracy?\n\nOf course you a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/gardening/"
]
] | |
4dek74 | when you read news articles about global warming such as "the hottest year on record in 80 years!", why was it so hot 80 years ago? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4dek74/eli5_when_you_read_news_articles_about_global/ | {
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"text": [
"This year being really hot isn't necessarily indicative of global warming, an article with that title is being sensationalist. If the running average temperature over the last 10 years was getting continuously warmer, that would be a better indic... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2py6qi | what exactly happens when an officer gives me a warning instead of a ticket? | I just got pulled over for the first time, I was polite and courteous to the officer and he let me off with a warning, I was just curious as to what happens when he goes to his car and looks up my information? Does it get saved that he looked it up, does he mark it as a warning, or speak to a higher up to ask if it sho... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2py6qi/eli5_what_exactly_happens_when_an_officer_gives/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
" > I was just curious as to what happens when he goes to his car and looks up my information?\n\nHe is checking to see if the registration is still current on your car, checking your drivers license to ensure it is still v... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5cjgb3 | Is it true that Saint Patrick never drove snakes out of ireland but instead drove out African Twa Pygmies? | Someone told me that Saint Patrick never drove out snakes from Ireland, that there were no snakes there in the first place to be driven out.
Instead, he drove out metaphorical snakes meaning sinful things. Apparently a group of african twa pygmies travelled to Ireland, where when they couldn't be converted, Saint Pat... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5cjgb3/is_it_true_that_saint_patrick_never_drove_snakes/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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9
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"text": [
"It's bullshit. There was no direct contact between sub-Saharan Africa and Europe until the 15th century, except by way of Jerusalem during the Crusades.\n\nSome scholars have tried to place Coptic Christian missionaries from... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
6ywxkv | what is the difference between all types of soap. i.e. shampoo, hand wash. body wash, bar soap, dish soap, detergent etc... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6ywxkv/eli5_what_is_the_difference_between_all_types_of/ | {
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1814,
33,
21537,
41,
13,
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1i1gde | Did Romans marry in the same sense that we do today? What were their pre-Christian marriage rituals like? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1i1gde/did_romans_marry_in_the_same_sense_that_we_do/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The Romans had both marriage and weddings that would be very familiar to you. From the engagement ring (iron, not gold) to the veil (red, not white), we have inherited a lot of our wedding traditions from the Romans.\n\n(Everything I describe wi... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4l7tnj | Why did the planes that dropped the nuclear bombs during World War II have such weird names? | _URL_0_
_URL_1_
It seems like a big joke. Why would they make it seem so informal? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4l7tnj/why_did_the_planes_that_dropped_the_nuclear_bombs/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Crews were allowed to make up their own names for their plane and there was a painter who would come and paint images on the plane's side that were thematically appropriate. Enola Gay was the name of the mother of Paul Tibbets, the plane's pilot... | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bockscar",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enola_Gay"
] | [
[]
] | |
64n8io | how/why do names become considered "old fashioned"? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/64n8io/eli5_howwhy_do_names_become_considered_old/ | {
"a_id": [
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3
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"text": [
"The how: over time things get older such as clothes, Home-goods, vehicles, tools, etc. People then give those items a time frame in which it was used. ex: hand saw, is very \"old fashioned\" by today's standards since we ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2zqvd1 | why do corporations have to defend their trademarks even if the allegation that a competitor is infringing is extremely weak. | There are plenty of lawsuits wherein one party sues another for trademark infringement when it's pretty clear to almost everyone that both products are sufficiently distinct. Often times it seems the plaintiffs themselves don't even feel threatened by the competitor. As I understand it there is some legal reason why ... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2zqvd1/eli5_why_do_corporations_have_to_defend_their/ | {
"a_id": [
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3,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"If you don't enforce the trademark it can be argued that it's no longer distinctive enough to merit that status. So you have to enforce to avoid the risk of losing it. ",
"Because not defending in... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4d3owx | Why is my sense of touch regarding moisture wonky when it is cold/chilly? | For my family, I am the laundry engineer and have issues sometimes telling when items are "really" dry out of the dryer or off the clothing line. I have THE WORST time telling if textiles are still damp when they are slightly cold. Why is this? It seems like cold/chilly temps are cryptonite for my sense of touch reg... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4d3owx/why_is_my_sense_of_touch_regarding_moisture_wonky/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"This has to do with the way we feel temperature. We don't just feel if a thing is hot or cold, we can actually feel the rate that an object drains heat from us (the rate of heating and conductance). \n\nFor instance metal feels colder than a plas... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2letje | if i use my credit card for all my monthly expenses and then pay my balance in full, why would my cc company value me as a customer if they don't make any interest off me and i just rack up free points? | I missed a payment on my CC (oops) and I called them up to see if I could get it waived. Except for this month, I've always paid my balance on time and in full. I also used the card to pay about $12k in 6 months.
If they never make any money off me in interest and I get money from them in cash back points, why would t... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2letje/eli5_if_i_use_my_credit_card_for_all_my_monthly/ | {
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... | [] | [] | [
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4qntmw | what is the ideology of the larouche movement? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4qntmw/eli5_what_is_the_ideology_of_the_larouche_movement/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Oof. That's a lot to bite off. I've got a bunch of family that's been all up in their business for ages, so I'll do my best.\n\nBasically their central idea is that intellectuals should run the government, and we should just accept that they know... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
qinrv | Why is sugar so rewarding? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/qinrv/why_is_sugar_so_rewarding/ | {
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"text": [
"[Not an evolutionary biologist/psychologist, and this is an evolutionary just-so story, but one which is pretty transparently true]\n\nSugar is a very dense concentration of calories. Energy was hard to... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1301/nr.2003.may.S5-S9/pdf"
]
] | ||
1eabtv | what someone should know about a getting and having a mortgage. | I'm in the process of buying a house and I really honestly don't understand a lot of the terminology. Like what the hell is Escrow? How is the interest calculated? What in Gods name are points and why should I buy them? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1eabtv/eli5_what_someone_should_know_about_a_getting_and/ | {
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"c9ybo6j",
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"text": [
"* Escrow - A bank account jointly held by two parties, that can only be accessed if both agree. It is kind of like a deposit. You use it show you are able to prepay taxes, insurance and other thrid pa... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
9r0c4h | how is 'explosive mail' detected but the person not harmed? | The recent news about Obama and Clinton having explosive mail intercepted makes me wonder how it's possible (I know they have a staff to deal with this) to do this. More importantly, what do they do in order to not trigger the device and hurt themselves?
I'm assuming for risks just as with a harmful substance (like a... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9r0c4h/eli5_how_is_explosive_mail_detected_but_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"e8d1tew",
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"score": [
29,
57,
8
],
"text": [
"Hillary Clinton 's and Obama's mail is screened, by actual people, before ever being delivered. This is why Soros 's mailbomb was found in his mail but Clinton's was found by screening personel, under... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMDNB"
],
[]
] | |
htyqw | Is it possible that there are areas of the universe we could be unaware of and unable to see due to light not being able to reach them? | This is hypothetical, obviously, as we would never know, but is it possible for light to bot be able to reach areas, or would it travel all the way through the universe?
Edit: Yes, black holes, but I left those out because light obviously does reach them, but it sucked into them. But yes, that is also a valid point. I... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/htyqw/is_it_possible_that_there_are_areas_of_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c1yceq0",
"c1ychg7"
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"score": [
15,
26
],
"text": [
"Nothing from inside the event horizon of a black hole can reach us.",
"It's not just possible, but certain. There has been only a finite amount of time since the Big Bang, and light could only have travelled a finite d... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
6k2gr2 | when a person loses memory, what exactly do they forget? | I mean if they have amnesia, do they forget about the things they've learned at schools like basic math stuff and all? For example, a person can't remember even their parents but can remember a book they read once. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6k2gr2/eli5_when_a_person_loses_memory_what_exactly_do/ | {
"a_id": [
"djit0k6",
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"Human memory is a very complex system, and we actually don't fully understand it. Truth be told, we barely understand it at all.\n\nHowever, there are different kinds of memories. Things like language, math and other learned... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2266l5 | Did any country in the Americas ever consider joining the USA? | Other than Texas.
I was reading some blog a while back that collected speculations about the future made in the past and it seems like a lot of early 1900's speculators seemed to think that various countries in North America would seek to join the United States over the course of the proceeding decades.
But that ob... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2266l5/did_any_country_in_the_americas_ever_consider/ | {
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"score": [
18,
29,
5,
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"text": [
"Are you looking for countries that could have been annexed, or countries interested in joining the United States willingly?\n\nFor the former, *The Dominican Republic and the Uni... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/01/the-confederate-of-the-sierra-madre/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0"
],
[
"http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fvi24",
"http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/ngr01",
"http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=13... | |
132pc9 | Why are there bumps when you bring a magnet near ferrofluid? What causes the bumps, and what determines the number and size of them? Why isn't it a sphere? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/132pc9/why_are_there_bumps_when_you_bring_a_magnet_near/ | {
"a_id": [
"c70ik93"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Really fascinating question - I've never really thought about it and once I did I didn't have an immediate answer. \n\nI did some research and found the following on wikipedia:\n\nNormal-field instability\nWhen a paramagnetic fluid is subjected t... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrofluid#Normal-field_instability",
"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jp807770n"
]
] | ||
26vzpl | why you shouldn't put sharp knives in the dishwasher. | It's just water and soap right? What's different about it than washing them by hand? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/26vzpl/eli5_why_you_shouldnt_put_sharp_knives_in_the/ | {
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"text": [
"I believe it's more to do with the fact that in a dishwasher the knife can be pushed around by the water jets and shoved into shelves and other cutlery, possi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2dcb5i | Do plant's roots steal from other plant's roots? | I have what I think are some Coleus, and Hedera helix plants. The Coleus plant is entirely pinkish red, the Hedera helix has small green leaves with pale yellow edges around. These are their colours when they are planted far from each other. I have a few close to each other and the Hedera helix developed leaves that ar... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2dcb5i/do_plants_roots_steal_from_other_plants_roots/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjoh8a9"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"As a rule, no. Plant roots from different species do not interact in the soil. Sometimes roots from the same species (or rarely, closely related species) might grow together and start sharing sugars and maybe some hormones. This is called [inos... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inosculation",
"http://www.pnas.org/content/101/11/3863.short"
]
] | |
g1wduh | Why did the early European colonisers never set up feudal systems in their new colonies? Why were there no Dukes or Counts in the New World? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/g1wduh/why_did_the_early_european_colonisers_never_set/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"In the Spanish America there was a feudal system, and there were titles of nobility. Hernán Cortés was created Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca, lording over 20,000 vassals, the Moctezumas were given the lordship of Tacuba, Francisco Pizarro was... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000115053&page=1"
]
] | ||
1n5tth | how is beef jerky safe to eat? | Please explain how drying food preserves it. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1n5tth/eli5how_is_beef_jerky_safe_to_eat/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccfncyw"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"One of the cornerstones for life is water.\n\nWithout water there's very little oppertunity for life, which includes all the kinds that involve decomposition and rot, to take hold.\n\nAdding in large amounts of salt will add to this effect as sal... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3c8ac2 | when shipwreck drivers/archaeologists find new shipwrecks, are they allowed to keep any treasure found? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3c8ac2/eli5_when_shipwreck_driversarchaeologists_find/ | {
"a_id": [
"cst53hu",
"cst59o4"
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"score": [
2,
2
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"text": [
"If they are found in international waters they are free to be taken if no one else has a claim to it wether it be a nation or a private/corporate intrest. When it is not the caseit depends on local laws and regulations",
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_salvage"
]
] | ||
2r6vpn | how is it legal for businesses to offer discounts to women and not men solely because of their sex? | I ask this in response to getting my car wash and noticing that women get 10% off on Ladies Day (every Tuesday). [Image](_URL_0_) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2r6vpn/eli5_how_is_it_legal_for_businesses_to_offer/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnd0gxd"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It is illegal in some states. In California car washes have ladies and men's days"
]
} | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/heLQokl.jpg?1"
] | [
[]
] | |
8cpu71 | why does the milk poured into coffee or tea not spoil if left out/not consumed over many hours, while a glass of milk or cream left out would go bad? | I poured a (large)cup of coffee before leaving the house and only finished about half of it. When I returned over 12 hours later, the coffee with a significant amount of milk poured in was fine. If I had left milk out on the counter for that long (approx. 77° F/25° C room temperature) it would have spoilt. I've seen th... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8cpu71/eli5_why_does_the_milk_poured_into_coffee_or_tea/ | {
"a_id": [
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2
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"text": [
"Milk has a complex carbohydrate called lactose (this is the same thing that lactose-intolerant people can't digest/breakdown). Some bacteria can't go through aerobic respiration, i.d. taking in oxygen and glucose to make ene... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
6pf2s1 | why can we not achieve efficient and relativity low energy flight the same as birds through the design of a similar winged style flying machine? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6pf2s1/eli5_why_can_we_not_achieve_efficient_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"dkotipb",
"dkoumjv",
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12,
5
],
"text": [
"The short answer is weight. Humans are immensely dense relative to birds, so it is not feasible to attach huge wings to us that can then move quick enough to generate and maintain lift.",
"Short an... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square%E2%80%93cube_law"
]
] | ||
1xnvwa | why do we have to sign things? what gives cursive handwriting more authority than just print? | Some forms even require that you sign your name and then print your name. It just seems so trivial. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1xnvwa/why_do_we_have_to_sign_things_what_gives_cursive/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"You can tell a lot from a signature. A flick of the letters and the presentation can show what kind of person you are. It's somewhat similar to the Rorschach test where the image can reflect upon your personality. \n\nAlso, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
41ml3s | if you are convicted of a crime and new evidence later surfaces in your favor, why are you allowed a new trial, while someone who was initially found not guilty can't be tried again if new evidence surfaces against them? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/41ml3s/eli5_if_you_are_convicted_of_a_crime_and_new/ | {
"a_id": [
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14,
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2
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"text": [
"Because the justice system is more concerned with (and wants to avoid) punishing the innocent than it is with letting the guilty go free. ",
"They don't... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
7koo7j | What is the origin of the misconception that Vikings had horns on their helmets? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7koo7j/what_is_the_origin_of_the_misconception_that/ | {
"a_id": [
"drgg6bz",
"drggsa2"
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"score": [
19,
52
],
"text": [
"I've researched this a bit out of my own curiosity, and it seems there's no academic study on the matter. As the whole 'viking' concept as it's known today is a product of 19th century romanticism, it's a good guess the he... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/hall/viking/viking.html",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Carl_Larsson_-_Midwinter%27s_Sacrifice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lur",
"https://uploads3.wikiart.org/images/frank-dicksee/the-funeral-of-a-viking-1... | ||
608hl8 | equity, mortgages, owning, and selling a home. | I searched on this subreddit and I now understand that equity what the "house is worth minus what you owe on it." However I don't understand the advice older people keep giving me - buy a condo/townhouse when I can so that when I sell it again, I was technically living for free. I mean, it was an investment as opposed ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/608hl8/eli5_equity_mortgages_owning_and_selling_a_home/ | {
"a_id": [
"df4dj57"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Property usually increases in value, slowly, over time (a lot of mortgages are 15 or 30 years, that's the time period you're looking at). So you're paying your money to BUY an actual physical thing that will likely keep or increase its value ove... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2tey9c | how did chopsticks get their name if they don't do any actual chopping? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2tey9c/eli5_how_did_chopsticks_get_their_name_if_they/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnye90m",
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"score": [
4,
10,
3
],
"text": [
"I believe it has something to do with the saying chop chop, as in quickly.",
"\"Chop\" in pidgin English used to mean \"quick\". In Chinese their term translates to \"nimble one\", and so \"chopsti... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
4qt5yo | Does rain cause a cold front or is it the result of a cold front? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4qt5yo/does_rain_cause_a_cold_front_or_is_it_the_result/ | {
"a_id": [
"d4wcon9"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"My understanding is that it is a symptom of a cold front meeting a warm front. If I had to classify it in a chicken or egg kind of way, I would say that the cold front comes first.\n\n_URL_0_\n\n_URL_1_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://apollo.lsc.vsc.edu/classes/met130/notes/chapter11/graphics/cf_xsect.jpg",
"http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/af/frnts/cfrnt/prcp.rxml"
]
] | ||
fgsxh | What do you think will be the first major vindication/discovery of the LHC in CERN?
| Creation of a mini black hole? Uncover a Higgs particle? Who decides what experiments are going to be done using the facility? Is it a for profit entity where you can pay to use the collider or what? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/fgsxh/what_do_you_think_will_be_the_first_major/ | {
"a_id": [
"c1fu5sz"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
" > Creation of a mini black hole? \n\nNo.\n\n > Uncover a Higgs particle?\n\nMaybe.\n\n > Who decides what experiments are going to be done using the facility?\n\nThere are two experiments that they do proton-proton collisions and gold-gold colli... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1pkp9b | Can suns, planets, or other bodies escape the gravitational pull of a galaxy during a collision between two galaxies? | How high likely is it for our Sun or even Earth to be flung out into space between galaxies if and when the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies collide? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1pkp9b/can_suns_planets_or_other_bodies_escape_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd3d57m"
],
"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Definitely. When galaxies collide, they often produce [tidal tails](_URL_0_) of material that has been ejected into intergalactic space. These tails are composed of galaxy-stuff: stars, gas, and dust. \n\nThe planets are tightly gravitationally b... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://ontariostargazing.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Antennae-galaxies.jpg"
]
] | |
adsnin | In WW2, were staffing positions at concentration camps considered sought after or desirable for members of the German military? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/adsnin/in_ww2_were_staffing_positions_at_concentration/ | {
"a_id": [
"edn0cvk"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Most scholars agree with Christopher Browning and Daniel Goldhagen that there were not significant punishments for those who refused to partisipate in the Holocaust. In short, they had a choice. Even local collaborators such as the Ukrainian Volk... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
31i9b0 | What is the smallest amount of atoms it would take to form something barely visible to the naked eye? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/31i9b0/what_is_the_smallest_amount_of_atoms_it_would/ | {
"a_id": [
"cq1xxe5",
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"score": [
5,
27,
2
],
"text": [
"We could maybe see something 50 to 100 microns wide. If it is a sphere and the atoms are two angstoms apart, this is about 15 quadrillion atoms.",
"The human eye is very sensitive but can we see a ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Quantum/see_a_photon.html"
],
[]
] | ||
6x6z1m | why are trailer tractors so boxy and non-aerodynamic? | So, first of all, there's a shape difference between tractors in Europe and the ones in the US. EU ones are pretty much a flat surface slamming against the wind at 100+km/h. US tractors have a front mounted engine, which gives them a seemingly more aerodynamic shape. However, when brought together together in the same ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6x6z1m/eli5_why_are_trailer_tractors_so_boxy_and/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
33,
2,
9,
2,
6,
15
],
"text": [
"EU tractors generally have their passenger cabins mounted on top of the engine instead of having the engine be in front of the cab. Th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://exa.com/sites/default/files/media-module/nikola_one.jpg",
"http://gas2.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/airflow-bullet-truck-5.jpg",
"http://www.donbur.co.uk/gb-en/images/products/uk-mail-teardrop-trailer.jpg"
],
[
"http://www.bladehobbies.co.uk/ekmps/shops/33fb39/images/e-flite-um... | |
14e1sb | If a student is ill-prepared for a difficult memorization test, is it better to be awake all night and go over the material one more time or get a good night's sleep? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/14e1sb/if_a_student_is_illprepared_for_a_difficult/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7c8009",
"c7c8nuh"
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"score": [
8,
2
],
"text": [
"Sleep has been proven to help sort and remember information, so getting a good night's sleep is beneficial. Obviously, the student would have to know the information in the first place to perform well. Contrary to popular ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/memory-medic/201103/how-sleep-helps-memory"
],
[]
] | ||
vtm0e | If I were floating 100 yards away from the Voyager 1 at its current location, would there be enough light for me to see it? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/vtm0e/if_i_were_floating_100_yards_away_from_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c57ixji",
"c57j3ni",
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"score": [
37,
947,
212,
8
],
"text": [
"[voyagers current location](_URL_0_)",
"I think the answer is yes.\n\nConsider your ability to see things at night with a full moon out--it's possible to read the big prin... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/where/index.html"
],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_magnitude#Table_of_notable_celestial_objects"
],
[]
] | ||
2h7b89 | how can youtubers post videos of them singing popular songs without getting their videos taken down, but i can't upload a school video that has "eat it" (which was published in 1984)? | I thought that the copyright laws protected people from singing songs from within the last 20 years? In america, that is. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2h7b89/eli5how_can_youtubers_post_videos_of_them_singing/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckq22i9"
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"score": [
2
],
"text": [
" > I thought that the copyright laws protected people from singing songs from within the last 20 years?\n\nThat's patent law (which only applies to inventions, product designs and manufacturing processes).\n\nCopyright typically lasts for the en... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
21n7ji | what really happens when country a's leader calls country b's leader, where the language isn't the same? | This sounds silly. When they say "Putin calls Obama to discuss Ukraine" what does that mean exactly?
1. Does Putin picks up the phone, makes a long distance call to Obama and they talk person to person?
2. What language do they speak?
3. Or is it something like Obama - > Translator - > phone < - Translator < - ... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/21n7ji/eli5_what_really_happens_when_country_as_leader/ | {
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760,
88,
58,
30,
68,
78,
... | [] | [] | [
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[]
] | |
1f6f0v | Was Julius Caesar truly afraid of cats? | I see this claim time and time again also followed by other famous leaders such as Mussolini and Napoleon but I have found no evidence to back up these claims. This surprises me considering the few documents that account for Julius Ceasar's life. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1f6f0v/was_julius_caesar_truly_afraid_of_cats/ | {
"a_id": [
"ca79o09"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It is said that Caesar was afraid of cats and banished them from the Imperial Palace, which is funny because I am not to sure if there was one during his time. It is brought up a lot but it's just claims. There are no writings from the day about ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3a3pmz | why, on an evolutionary perspective, are humans hyper-evolving? we've grown in height just in the past few thousand years, and have much less hair than predecessors. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3a3pmz/eli5_why_on_an_evolutionary_perspective_are/ | {
"a_id": [
"cs8zlt1"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"Height can be attributed to improved nutrition, look at NK/SK. NK are much shorter than SK even though they were the same people up until very recently. The hair thing requires a citation."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
9dvhct | electric force, electric field, coulomb’s law and gauss’s law | What are these and how do they apply to physics? Any examples regarding them?
Background info: been sick lately and unable to go to class, so I don’t really understand these subjects much apart from their formulas. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9dvhct/eli5_electric_force_electric_field_coulombs_law/ | {
"a_id": [
"e5ked1b",
"e5khwbd"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Physics is, in a broad sense, the study of what things in the universe *are*, how they *move*, and how they *interact*.\n\nCharged objects generate a so-called \"electric field\" around themselves, similar in some ways to ho... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/VFPt_charges_plus_minus_thumb.svg/220px-VFPt_charges_plus_minus_thumb.svg.png",
"http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/elefor.html",
"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/electric-charge-electric-force-and-voltage",
... | |
1o6ofw | why do people with adhd/add not feel the "high" feeling that adderal and other amphetamine based medications give those without it? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1o6ofw/eli5_why_do_people_with_adhdadd_not_feel_the_high/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccp91v8",
"ccpallu",
"ccpawbh",
"ccpgod6"
],
"score": [
13,
14,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"People with add/adhd have a chemical imbalance in the prefrontal lob. Basically their dopamine levels are lower then average, so when they take drugs that raise dopamine it their... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
6zpkfr | what is a state comptroller? | Pretty much as simple as that, my state has an office called "the office of the comptroller" and I don't really understand what that person does.
Thanks! | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6zpkfr/eli5_what_is_a_state_comptroller/ | {
"a_id": [
"dmx28q3",
"dmx2dby",
"dmx3esg"
],
"score": [
9,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"They're basically a chief accountant/financial officer for the state. They oversee things like state budgets, government spending, government contracts, and paying state employees. ",
"They are like... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1jyi9r | Why do many moons like Europa and our own have one side that permanently faces their planets? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1jyi9r/why_do_many_moons_like_europa_and_our_own_have/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbjj80j"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"[Tidal locking. ](_URL_0_)\n\nIn essence, the moons bulge where the planet's gravity tugs on them, making it slightly oval. As the moon rotates, these bulges move out of alignment.\n\nAt this point, bulge A (near the planet) and B (far from the p... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_locking"
]
] | ||
2wze14 | Did the Soviet Union have any sort of Internet presence before it fell apart? | I realize that the overlapping period of time between the fall of the Soviet Union and the rise of the Internet as a social phenomenon in the mid-90s is small to nonexistent, but did the Soviet government at least experiment with global computer networking? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2wze14/did_the_soviet_union_have_any_sort_of_internet/ | {
"a_id": [
"covo3pf",
"covsqam",
"covt2mf"
],
"score": [
7,
7,
3
],
"text": [
"Their was a famous 'kremvax' hoax in 1984, but apparently their was a real VAX system in moscow in 1991 _URL_0_",
"There were a few websites, I think mostly relating to universities. They used the .... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://stuff.mit.edu/afs/sipb/user/marthag/text/humor/april_fools/kremvax"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.su"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1apczm/what_was_the_internet_like_in_the_soviet_union/",
"http://demos.ru/about/internet/"
]
] | |
c2d7oi | Since Hitler was technically Austrian, what steps did he have to undergo in order to enter German society as an immigrant? Did he do that correctly or would he be considered an illegal immigrant? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/c2d7oi/since_hitler_was_technically_austrian_what_steps/ | {
"a_id": [
"erjo0xx",
"es4q98b"
],
"score": [
35,
2
],
"text": [
"Without trying to diminish newer answers, /u/kielowskifans already explained this in [another thread](_URL_0_).\n\n > Hitler's Austrian background was not that much of a problem for him as there was a sizable number of Ger... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/75zam6/why_did_the_german_people_embrace_hitler_a/doa47ea/"
],
[]
] |
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