q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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2ct23y | why does iran, india, and australia have 1/2 hour time zone increments? | Looking at a world map of time zones, it seems like the half hour timezone increment isn't needed. But they exist. Why? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ct23y/eli5_why_does_iran_india_and_australia_have_12/ | {
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"This is because they chose to do so. The main reason is to keep in a more precise sync with the mean solar time.",
"This isn't an explanation but newfoundland Canada also has a... | [] | [] | [
[],
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bu042r | why is the dark side of the moon not black or shadow like as opposed to the transparent look it gives off during the day? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bu042r/eli5_why_is_the_dark_side_of_the_moon_not_black/ | {
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"It is, but the sky is closer to you than the Moon so when the sky is blue there's blue light coming from the direction of the Moon, which is more apparent when there isn't strong light coming off the M... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetshine"
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10daps | Why do neodymium magnets slow down when they fall through a copper tube? | Example here _URL_0_
I'm assuming that the video isn't slowed down or anything.
| askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10daps/why_do_neodymium_magnets_slow_down_when_they_fall/ | {
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"This phenomenon is not special to neodymium magnets, but occurs with any magnetis, although the stronger the magnet, the more obvious the effect.\n\nWhat's at play is Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction, including Le... | [] | [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=mS0Y5nTfoqc"
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[],
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akekrx | How did lower castes live in the feudal Japan shogun era (12-17ct)? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/akekrx/how_did_lower_castes_live_in_the_feudal_japan/ | {
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"# Foreword\n\nThese are all really fascinating questions! The lives of peasants is often overshadowed when looking into the history of Japan, which is often focused on through the frame of ‘samurai history’. Despite this, it is a topic which is v... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1nei28 | Does wind have the same effect on light that it does sound? Why or why not? | We've all heard that wind can interfere with and even direct sound waves, but if all that's true then why wouldn't wind affect light? "Light is both a particle and a wave." Okay, well we KNOW that wind can carry particles . . . And if wind can carry a sound wave, why not a 'light wave'?
Forgive me if this a stupid q... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1nei28/does_wind_have_the_same_effect_on_light_that_it/ | {
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"The main difference is that the gas particles carry sound waves, while light is a propagating electromagnetic wave that travels *through* the medium, and not *by* the medium.\n\nThe only way that there would be a visible eff... | [] | [] | [
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirage"
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"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Doubleslit3Dspectrum.gif"
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3k9abx | how does compulsory school works in usa? (details inside) | I heard that school is compulsory in US, can you tell me how would it work in following case?
Let's say there is a 12 year old 'stubborn' kid who doesn't like to go to school. Even though his parents force him to go to school, he literally would sit in his house all day.
Will the police daily come to house, ha... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3k9abx/eli5_how_does_compulsory_school_works_in_usa/ | {
"a_id": [
"cuvp983",
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"text": [
"Well in the case of an extremely problematic child it's a bit case-by-case, but something would be done, yes.\n\nThe legal obligation is more to force parents to force kids than to force kids. A parent refusing to provide ed... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
86v9bk | how do big supermarket chains decide on what needs to be ordered and put on the shelf? | I work at a very small grocery store stocking shelves. 3 times a week we get a very large delivery from the supplier's warehouse, that we then break down by aisle and put it out on the shelf. We only have 9 aisles in the entire store, so the day before we get our delivery the store owner walks up and down the aisles an... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/86v9bk/eli5_how_do_big_supermarket_chains_decide_on_what/ | {
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"Supply chain management. Their system knows how many of each item they order, what days they sell the most product, when items are running low, etc. ",
"At least the larger stores I've worked at had... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4hmmmv | why can't newer software run on a slightly older version of the os? and vice versa? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4hmmmv/eli5_why_cant_newer_software_run_on_a_slightly/ | {
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"text": [
"Certain system level functionality is introduced with OS updates and the newer software relies on that.\n\nAlso frequently old ways of doing things are removed or changed which frequently means software designed for older O... | [] | [] | [
[],
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3xr4ge | What was the relationship like between people on both sides of the American Civil War, after the war was over? | Mainly I'm curious how people, both former soldiers and civilians saw the 'other side', after the war was over and the confederate states lost. Was there a desire to 'forgive and forget'? Were the losing states and their inhabitants seen as less than the people on the winning side? What were the attitudes of people on ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3xr4ge/what_was_the_relationship_like_between_people_on/ | {
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"text": [
"This seems as though it could be a survey question ..\"I still hate Yankees...strongly agree, somewhat agree, don't have an opinion, strongly disagree...\". Not sure how it could be answered.\n\n But ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
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5n06cj | Roman testudo in medieval times | Why did the roman testudo, obviously being the quality choice for it's inventors when faced with projectiles, not live to see a renaissance in the middle ages when longbows made an appearance and heavy infantry kept losing strategic value, seeing as they were nothing but slow moving targets for the armorpiercing longbo... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5n06cj/roman_testudo_in_medieval_times/ | {
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"text": [
"The testudo formation was never used in pitched battles, it was a tight formation designed for use next to enemy walls during a siege. The strength of the testudo was that the interlocking shields spread out the weight of anything dropped on the ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1pdnz4 | how are companies valued at ipo? | Facebook was valued at something like $85bn at IPO, how exactly was this figure calculated?
Thanks to /u/tides8730 for his/her answer, I also have some follow up questions: So for an IPO does the company say "I want to issue 10,000 shares"? How is the number of shares they issue calculated?
Then, to maximize revenue, ... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1pdnz4/eli5_how_are_companies_valued_at_ipo/ | {
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"Former investment banking analyst here\nThere are SO MANY WAYS a company can be valued for an IPO and some of it is so incredibly complicated that I wont go into the full details here but the jist of it is this:\n\nA financial model is constructe... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3ff8kb | how does the body repair itself? | As in with scraps, scabs, and cuts, how does the body actually place new skin or reattach separated skin? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ff8kb/eli5_how_does_the_body_repair_itself/ | {
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"A scab itself is just a big mass of (dead) cells that stop the bleeding (platelets) mixed with some protein. Underneath, nearby cells can communicate the fact that you've been damaged. This stimulates the cells to grow and replace the damaged, de... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1o7ec5 | If we are creating super bugs by over using and incorrectly using antibiotics, are we doing the same by cleaning our hands and disinfecting surfaces etc? | Out damn spot. Is this an issue at all? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1o7ec5/if_we_are_creating_super_bugs_by_over_using_and/ | {
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"Here is one way to look at it: it's easy to kill bacteria outside your body. Animals can't evolve perfect defences to the broad range of ways they can die out in the open. \n ... | [] | [] | [
[],
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ebiiu0 | in the usa government, how is it decided whether issues get decided via ballot measure rather than legislative action? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ebiiu0/eli5_in_the_usa_government_how_is_it_decided/ | {
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696k83 | Why do fluorescent tubes contain mercury vapour? | I understand the the mercury electrons become excited, move up and energy level and then release a UV photon which then passes on energy to the electrons of a phosphorus coating, but why can't the electrons from the voltage supply pass on their charge directly to the electrons of a phosphorus atom inside the tube which... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/696k83/why_do_fluorescent_tubes_contain_mercury_vapour/ | {
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"The choice to use mercury vapor rather than anything else most likely comes from a few sources I can think of:\n\n- Mercury is more volatile (has a higher vapor pressure) at the pressure possible the c... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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2kecob | how did escalators become so popular? aren't they a very expensive means of overcoming a simple problem? | In the shopping centres around where I live we have some that elevate people as little as 5'. I would have thought that escalators are expensive to build and maintain whereas staircases achieve the same thing and are much cheaper. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2kecob/eli5_how_did_escalators_become_so_popular_arent/ | {
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"Escalators bring old people and less-abled to malls. In case you haven't noticed, old people have all of the money.",
"For areas with large volumes of people, one slow person can stop the whole flow... | [] | [] | [
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1ku0wz | why are so many bodily fluids sticky? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ku0wz/why_are_so_many_bodily_fluids_sticky/ | {
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j2kfl | Would the size of the Observable Universe ever change with the progress of time..with "us"..as being Earth being the observer..and progress of time measured from the Observer's point of view..and the increasingly sophisticated technology we use to view it? Or is the size.. | Or is the size..of the Observable Universe depends on the age of the Universe? Or will it always remain the same, from this current point of the Observer's time, regardless of the age of the Universe?
And is there a difference in meaning between the terms, "Observable Universe" and "Visible Universe"? Thank you! | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/j2kfl/would_the_size_of_the_observable_universe_ever/ | {
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"The observable universe is the farthest thing away we could have ever, in principle, received a signal from. If the universe is older, then signals will have a longer time to travel, so we could receive a signal from further away. So, the observa... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6py7y8 | What's it called when a gas "precipitates" out of a liquid solution? | Saying that a dissolved gas precipitates out of a liquid solution doesn't seem right. Is there a specific term for gasses coming out an over-saturated solution? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6py7y8/whats_it_called_when_a_gas_precipitates_out_of_a/ | {
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"If the gas is the same substance as the liquid then it's **boiling** or **evaporating** depending on if it nucleates to form its own bubbles or just comes off the surface.\n\nIf the gas is a different composition then the bulk liquid, like it was... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
at1xki | what is https and what data can our ips theoretically see and realistically see? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/at1xki/eli5_what_is_https_and_what_data_can_our_ips/ | {
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"It is a secure protocol that encrypts data before sending or receiving it. This means that the ISP can see which requests you make, so which sites you visit for example, but not th... | [] | [] | [
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"xvideos.com"
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7w5hjn | Did people fold paper into paper airplanes before the invention of the airplane? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7w5hjn/did_people_fold_paper_into_paper_airplanes_before/ | {
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"text": [
"Posting links to previous answers is not intended to discourage questions or further discussion.\n\nFrom /u/Elm11's reply the last time this was asked, you might like to see\n\n* [Did paper airplan... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4vfpq6/did_paper_airplanes_exist_before_the_wright/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/737jy0/did_people_make_paper_airplanes_before_the/"
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"http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?o... | ||
16wrt0 | Victorian Insane Asylums: What did they look like compared to now? Details. | I love victorian history, and I LOVE the history of asylums. And yet, no matter how much I read about them, I can't seem to find pictures or even descriptions of what they looked like before today. I would like to know how the housing units were separated out, if the nurses stayed with them over night, etc. I just want... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/16wrt0/victorian_insane_asylums_what_did_they_look_like/ | {
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"text": [
"The [Royal Derwent](_URL_8_) is the oldest mental hospital in Australia. It is [situated](_URL_1_) in the town of New Norfolk, about 20 miles from Hobart, the capital of the island colony of Tasmania. \n\nFounded in military barracks in 1827, it... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://i.imgur.com/E5VLkdI.jpg",
"https://maps.google.com.au/maps?q=royal+derwent+hospital+new+norfolk&hl=en&ll=-42.787779,147.072859&spn=0.033951,0.084543&sll=-32.010396,135.119128&sspn=76.256064,173.144531&t=h&hq=royal+derwent+hospital&hnear=New+Norfolk+Tasmania&z=14... | |
9itzro | i always thought free healthcare was unrealistic to implement here in america due to how much it would raise taxes. then, i saw canada’s tax rates. where does that money come from and how could it be implemented in the states? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9itzro/eli5_i_always_thought_free_healthcare_was/ | {
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"Some numbers for you. (As of 2016) The U.S. spends almost $10,000 per person on health car... | [] | [] | [
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3bijw5 | how does retirement work? | Who pays your for all the years worked if you work multiple jobs? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3bijw5/eli5_how_does_retirement_work/ | {
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"Nobody. Well, they used to, but nowadays finding employment with a guaranteed pension plan (what you are referring to) is not that easy.\n\nIf you have a job with a pension plan, it will have a formula... | [] | [] | [
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1bt61e | why staying motivated/disciplined is so difficult? | It seems like ever fiber in my being is screaming at me to not work out and eat right. What gives? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1bt61e/eli5_why_staying_motivateddisciplined_is_so/ | {
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"text": [
"It's simply easier and more enjoyable not to?",
"Maybe it is low levels of [**dopamine**](_URL_0_ \"Not yet the standard interpretation\")",
"Well for... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130110094415.htm"
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31896p | the conflict between the usa and israel over iran? | Aren't they allies? What is America pushing that Israel fundamentally disagrees with? Does Israel want war or diplomacy, if diplomacy what terms is the USA agreeing to that Israel objects to. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/31896p/eli5_the_conflict_between_the_usa_and_israel_over/ | {
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"Israel is concerned that Iran will attack them with nuclear weapons if they ever attain them (there's much debate about the validity of this concern, but Iran is continuously declaring that this is what they'd do).\n\nLatel... | [] | [] | [
[],
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32sbb8 | why is "white flight" considered an immoral/racist thing? | If the quality of life in your area has noticeably dropped, aren't you well within your legal and moral rights to leave for an area with a higher quality of life?
edit: I also want to add, is it wrong to leave if you feel out of place culturally speaking? This doesn't even have to be about race. I wouldn't want to liv... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/32sbb8/eli5_why_is_white_flight_considered_an/ | {
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"text": [
"Unfortunately, people don't like to acknowledge the truth when it conflicts with their ideologies.",
"According to the people oppose... | [] | [] | [
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2gcgiq | particle half life | I see the term a lot in physics stuff I read, but I've never had it dumbed down or explained in a proper manner. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2gcgiq/eli5_particle_half_life/ | {
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"Radioactive decay of an element or substance is often defined in terms of \"half-life.\"\n\nIn the process of giving off radiation, or in any element that is \"unstable,\" eventually the element in question will degrade into... | [] | [] | [
[],
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3ndp9m | why do some toilets flush waste better than others? | Isn't the design basically the same? I have a cheap one from home depot in one bathroom and a drake II in another and the drake is ridiculously more powerful. What's going on? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ndp9m/eli5_why_do_some_toilets_flush_waste_better_than/ | {
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"A regular toilet uses gravity alone to get the bowl to clear. There is a mid-level model that has somewhat of a pressure assist and above that are models that use a jet of forceful water to assist the flush.",
"Also more... | [] | [] | [
[],
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18bw0y | How would accelerometers/tilt sensors in smartphones work in space? | I was watching my cousin play a game on her mom's smartphone yesterday that involved tilting the smartphone to roll a marble through a maze.
I'm wondering how the game would react if for example, a person on the ISS was playing with their phone. Or maybe, if they're browsing reddit on the AlienBlue app for iphone, an... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/18bw0y/how_would_accelerometerstilt_sensors_in/ | {
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"text": [
"They wouldn't work. Tilt sensors in smartphones use an accelerometer, occasionally combined with a magnetometer. Accelerometers measure *proper acceleration*, or acceleration of free fall; that is, they measure the acceleration of the device with... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5off5j | why do trees grow through things such as chain-link fences? | Why do trees grow through things such as chain-link fences, and also, how do they know to retain the shape of a tree trunk instead of the segments that were "cut" growing to different sizes?
Thanks. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5off5j/eli5_why_do_trees_grow_through_things_such_as/ | {
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"text": [
"For the same reason seeds can sprout through concrete I imagine. Plants seek light, they'll grow around whatever they need to to get to it easier. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
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d7ccxq | what is a whistleblower? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/d7ccxq/eli5_what_is_a_whistleblower/ | {
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"text": [
"A whistleblower is someone who reports that they've observed an illegal or unethical act within their organization. In many contexts, whistleblower may also suggest that the person reporting misconduct may have certain legal protections against ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3kulv8 | how much cheaper would cars be if dealership business owners didn't lobby for dealership requirement laws? | What's the cut that the family who owns the dealership gets? I've met some of their kids and they have unbelievable amounts of money. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3kulv8/eli5_how_much_cheaper_would_cars_be_if_dealership/ | {
"a_id": [
"cv0nyfx"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"The entire rationale behind the dealer system is to promote competition among the dealers so that you get the best price. You can argue if it's effective, but there's no one who's going to be able to say that it would reduce price by X% because i... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
16w8jt | Do warts sweat like normal skin? | I realise this is a ridiculous question, but if anyone knows it'll be one of you guys. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/16w8jt/do_warts_sweat_like_normal_skin/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8000hd"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Why has there recently been a fascination with warts?"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1lky7h | How dark is space? | Say I was floating around in deep space but protected in a space suit, the victim of a terrible star trekking disaster. If I was stranded far away from any known star or solar system, Would I be able to see my hand infront of my face? Would the ambient universal light from distant stars provide me with enough light to ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1lky7h/how_dark_is_space/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc0cf8w",
"cc0eg6s",
"cc0kpq2"
],
"score": [
33,
3,
4
],
"text": [
"As another post mentions, a good rule of thumb might be taking night-time with no light pollution, during a new moon. (I would add no planets here as well.) I poked around for some numbers... (Here: ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observable_universe#Large-scale_structure",
"http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~phiscock/astronomy/light-pollution/photometry.pdf",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_galaxies",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotopic_vision"
],
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g... | |
1v94pw | why isn't the primary winding on a transformer basically a short circuit? | So there are two wires: the active which has a sine wave going through it, oscillating between positive and negative potential difference with respect to the second wire - the neutral.
Now, a transformer has two windings around some core which helps electromagnetic coupling, and the ratio of windings determines the vo... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1v94pw/eli5_why_isnt_the_primary_winding_on_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"cepxbh2",
"ceq0txi"
],
"score": [
2,
4
],
"text": [
"The rising and falling magnetic field created by the alternating current creates a form of resistance sometimes refered to as magnetic reluctance. See: _URL_0_",
"Short answer: the primary winding is an inductor (that's... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_reluctance"
],
[
"http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/images/magnetic_field_moving_charges__filings.gif"
]
] | |
12lc28 | Why is/was Communism considered to be an "evil" economic system? Why didn't the NATO want Communism to spread into Europe and parts of Asia? | Just decided to ask this question because I can't find any good sources on it.
More detailed question:
Why is Communism, in Western countries, considered to be so bad and a terrible economic policy? Was it really as terrible so it is said to be or was it just the how the Soviet Union used Communism? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/12lc28/why_iswas_communism_considered_to_be_an_evil/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6w1i8f",
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"c6w3m3b",
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],
"score": [
25,
10,
3,
16,
9,
9
],
"text": [
"There has never been a communist government in the modern era, aside from those of certain less developed cultures. What we in the We... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_scare"
],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4jtias | how do charities generally work? | I trying to learn more about how humanitarian efforts work. One thing I've noticed is many focus on saving lives while I feel like the focus should be more on improving quality of living. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4jtias/eli5how_do_charities_generally_work/ | {
"a_id": [
"d39fgai",
"d39fs2c"
],
"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"This is way too broad of a question to answer in any helpful manner. At the most basic level, a charity works by providing goods or services to those in need. There are nearly limitless goods or services a charity can provid... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
70408a | why is a black background and white text still not a norm in websites, apps?! | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/70408a/eli5_why_is_a_black_background_and_white_text/ | {
"a_id": [
"dn07bf9",
"dn0azz4",
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"score": [
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2,
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6,
5,
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"text": [
"It's because white backgro... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
363nt1 | Regarding the USA. What are the reasons people emmigrated there over other possible locations? | And when did this emmigration begin? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/363nt1/regarding_the_usa_what_are_the_reasons_people/ | {
"a_id": [
"craqibm",
"crattzj"
],
"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"Just to clarify: are we asking why and when Europeans started moving to the Americas?",
"Maybe you could narrow it down to a particular century or country of origin?\n\nOne major factor in choice of immigration destinati... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
23xs5u | why do some law enforcement entities turn off the surveillance camera during interrogations. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/23xs5u/eli5_why_do_some_law_enforcement_entities_turn/ | {
"a_id": [
"ch1lxe8"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"They usually don't. They will, however, tell you that they do in order to get you to give up self incriminating information.\n\nSource:[link](_URL_0_)"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://boingboing.net/2008/07/28/law-prof-and-cop-agr.html"
]
] | ||
35ytxu | why don't we sue cops personally instead of suing the department? if scientology members were able to sue irs employees why aren't we doing the same with police?? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/35ytxu/eli5_why_dont_we_sue_cops_personally_instead_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cr93hpv",
"cr93tof"
],
"score": [
10,
2
],
"text": [
"Officers who act within the boundaries of policy, training, and law are immune from civil lawsuits. If the officer is found to be acting illegally then they can be sued. It's called Qualified Immunity and it applies to a l... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
621b0q | why is anti-immigrant sentiment so high in countries that have practiced colonialism? | It is like wanting to go to the Moon and then after you get there, complaining about having gone to the Moon. How does this make sense from a cultural perspective? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/621b0q/eli5_why_is_antiimmigrant_sentiment_so_high_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"dfiwett"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Two reasons:\n\n1. The nations you're thinking of are the type of economically successful places people want to immigrate.\n\n2. Such nations typically have open immigration policies compared to the rest of the world.\n\nSo on the one hand, you'v... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1gkoi0 | what happens to the average middle to lower class person who is ordered to play millions of dollars in a court settlement? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1gkoi0/eli5_what_happens_to_the_average_middle_to_lower/ | {
"a_id": [
"cal4qqr"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"They don't pay it.\n\nSomeone in that situation will probably go bankrupt and still have to make payments on it, but will be able to keep a lot of his income for necessary expenses.\n\nHowever, because of this, people usually don't go after poor ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2x9m9q | Do we know about (or can we see) any examples of planets still forming? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2x9m9q/do_we_know_about_or_can_we_see_any_examples_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"coy5c8h",
"coy85bx"
],
"score": [
66,
12
],
"text": [
"Yes! (Not in our solar system of course.) There has been some indirect evidence of planet formation in proto-planetary disks for a while, but recently a new radio telescope called ALMA high in the Atacama desert in Chile [... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap141110.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law"
],
[]
] | ||
7fkaal | What are the origins or predicted origins of gold and silver on planet Earth? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7fkaal/what_are_the_origins_or_predicted_origins_of_gold/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqcgxha",
"dqcokdb"
],
"score": [
7,
3
],
"text": [
"Here is a really good link that explains where all elements come from (including gold and silver in your title).\n\nThe tl;dr version - all elements, including gold, silver, uranium and mundane elements like carbon and silic... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1727-how-elements-are-formed"
],
[
"http://www.newsweek.com/origin-gold-chemical-factory-beneath-earth-720608",
"https://www.space.com/38493-gravitational-waves-neutron-star-gold.html"
]
] | ||
87div5 | How did the PRC convince the Chinese people they were honoring Sun Yat-Sen? | Based on what I've learned about the Chinese Communist Revolution, the Communist Regime did not try to distance themselves from Sun Yat-Sen. However, Sun Yat-Sen supported a Western-style representative republic. From my viewpoint, as an American, it seems as if the Communists pretty blatantly hijacked and destroyed an... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/87div5/how_did_the_prc_convince_the_chinese_people_they/ | {
"a_id": [
"dwctybn"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"To say *'Sun Yat-Sen supported a Western-style representative republic'* oversimplifies Sun's views on revolution, republicanism, and nationalism. For one, the idea that a stable enlightened democracy would spontaneously emerge from the ashes of ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://imgur.com/a/F8VpI",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1i7hpa/how_come_china_didnt_try_to_fight_off_japan_when/cb1zsdk/"
]
] | |
10636r | Is there any evidence to suggest that galaxies are just young super-massive "solar" systems? | While looking at the formation of solar systems and the current state of galactic formations I noticed that they both appear to form similarly from dust and particles eventually combining around a large gravitational object at the center. Could galaxies just be young super-massive "solar" systems so-to-speak? Obviously... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10636r/is_there_any_evidence_to_suggest_that_galaxies/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6apdsb",
"c6atof6"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"I don't understand what you're asking really.\n\nImagine it this way: the moon orbits the earth, the earth orbits the sun, the sun orbits the black hole at the center of the Milky Way, and the galaxy orbits the center of mas... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
yfuuc | Why do India and Africa have similar animal species? | It seems like many animal species in India and Africa are extremely similar, such as:
African Lions and Asiatic Lions
African Elephants and Indian Elephants
African Leopards and Asiatic Leopards
African Rhinos and Indian Rhinos
...and so on. Is there a legitimate reason that many species in India and in Africa are... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/yfuuc/why_do_india_and_africa_have_similar_animal/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5v648y",
"c5v64w3",
"c5v66an"
],
"score": [
2,
9,
2
],
"text": [
"There's a land bridge connecting Africa and Asia in what is now northeastern Egypt. Ten thousand years ago the whole of Sinai would have been a land bridge, because ocean levels would have been lower be... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lion_distribution.png",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Leopard_distribution2.gif"
],
[
"http://www.krugerpark.com/blog/index.php/india-the-other-africa/"
],
[]
] | |
4rrx5a | oil weights | I know that the higher the number the thicker the oil. My transmission's 75w-90 is much thicker than my engine's 0w-20. I was told the the "W" denotes the viscosity of the oil at 0 degrees Fahrenheit. So by that logic a 5w-30 gets thicker as it gets warmer but I know that isn't true. Someone explain this to me. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4rrx5a/eli5_oil_weights/ | {
"a_id": [
"d53nt9o"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Let's see:\n\nIf you have a multi-grade oil like 10W-40, it behaves at 0 degrees Fahrenheit like a SAE grade 10 oil would. At 210 degrees Fahrenheit it behaves like a SAE grade 40 oil would behave *at that temperature*. \nSo, the multi-grade o... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.kewengineering.co.uk/Auto_oils/images/graph_3_viscosity_multigrade.jpg"
]
] | |
2wekns | Practical Applications of Relativity? | If we did not have an understanding of relativity, would we be limited in any other way besides building GPS satellites?
Either in terms of technology we would totally not be able to develop or technology that would be particularly more expensive/inefficient/ineffective? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2wekns/practical_applications_of_relativity/ | {
"a_id": [
"coqjuop"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Classical electromagnetism can be shown to be a consequence of special relativity. So pretty much everything in your daily life would be an application.\n\nYou could argue that that's not an application that wouldn't be possible without relativit... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5upi9u | why have canada & usa been more successful at integrating muslims than europe? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5upi9u/eli5_why_have_canada_usa_been_more_successful_at/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddvu5qs",
"ddvv4vq",
"ddvwiwt"
],
"score": [
22,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Muslim immigrants to Europe were primarily unskilled labor, while Muslim immigrants to the U.S. were primarily professionals. So what happened is that Europe developed large, lower class Muslim commun... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
43p90e | how do popular highways get backed up even though everyone is going in the same direction? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/43p90e/eli5_how_do_popular_highways_get_backed_up_even/ | {
"a_id": [
"czju1rz",
"czjujip",
"czjuxog"
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"score": [
3,
4,
3
],
"text": [
"Just like a water pipe, a highway has a limited flow capacity. The usual constraint is places like exits, mergers and entrances. Each of these cause slowdowns of some sort - e.g. they contain capacity... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
jluwo | why can't we have living heads in jars? | Or any other body part for that matter. Fluids go in, fluids come out; ought one not explain why not? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/jluwo/eli5_why_cant_we_have_living_heads_in_jars/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2d688o",
"c2d84fn",
"c2d688o",
"c2d84fn"
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"score": [
4,
2,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"We actually already have this technology; it's how heart transplants are done. The blood flow is rerouted through a machine that pumps blood in the same fashion as a heart, the def... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://heartdisease.about.com/cs/bypasssurgery/a/pumphead.htm"
],
[],
[
"http://heartdisease.about.com/cs/bypasssurgery/a/pumphead.htm"
]
] | |
8jbw35 | Historians obviously have to read through huge masses of research material, both while studying and as a professional. What are your methods for getting through it all? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8jbw35/historians_obviously_have_to_read_through_huge/ | {
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"dyyiykc",
"dyyz8gg",
"dyz1rvg",
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"score": [
57,
3,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"I never learned about this until graduate school. We write what is called a précis of the book. It looks like this: \nCitation: self explanatory. \nAuthor information: quick backg... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
ibhmf | Older theories of planetary formation? | I just finished reading the 1979 SciFi book *Macroscope* (Piers Anthony). It's a good read, if a bit convoluted.
Anyway, covered within the book was a theory of planetary formation wherein the gas giants were formed from what sounded more or less like "black dwarfs" -- burned out stellar remains, which were captured... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ibhmf/older_theories_of_planetary_formation/ | {
"a_id": [
"c22f338",
"c22fijk",
"c22fn80"
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"score": [
3,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"I know that prior to the discovery of fusion, it was thought that the mechanism of the sun's heat was Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction, which gave it about an 8 million year lifespan. (while this is the est... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System"
] | [
[],
[
"http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~gab/ge128/lectures/boss_jupiter.pdf",
"http://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/wayne0/papers/belgrade/InabaWetherillIkoma03.pdf"
],
[]
] | |
1c14ve | vinegar; who, what, where, when, how!.... do they make it? | I can build a gaming computer from components, understand global diplomacy and sovereignty, bake a mean Cheesy-bubble loaf from scratch, well educated in musical theory and development.
But, Can Not Fathom how this excellent elixir is made.
...please help me. ELI5!
But Vinegar.....
Whaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat?
how? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1c14ve/vinegar_who_what_where_when_how_do_they_make_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9c00rq",
"c9c01p6",
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"score": [
3,
4,
3
],
"text": [
"Vinegar is made when bacteria convert alcohol to acetic acid. This is usually done after using yeast to ferment sugar into alcohol. One common form is apple juice - > apple cider - > apple cider vineg... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinegar"
],
[],
[]
] | |
80t6lv | how does wicking and preassure help a cut stop bleeding? | So, I get a small cut, I take a clean tissue and press into it for a few minutes. At first it's bleeding fast, but it slows down until it stops bleeding.
I would think that pulling blood out of a wound would increase the bleeding, since putting a towel around a cut hose will do nothing to get it to stop leaking.
How ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/80t6lv/eli5_how_does_wicking_and_preassure_help_a_cut/ | {
"a_id": [
"duy2175",
"duyrng3"
],
"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"You're compressing vessels and capillaries allowing platelets to begin blocking damaged areas, stopping blood from escaping vascular walls. \n\nEdit: ELI5 You are pinching the tubes that carry blood. This causes blood to pat... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3sd1um | how do rovers on mars transmit information, such as pictures and video, back to earth? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3sd1um/eli5_how_do_rovers_on_mars_transmit_information/ | {
"a_id": [
"cww4mwj",
"cwwhrgx"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"They send it to an orbiting relay satellite. Today it's the [Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter](_URL_0_).",
"NASA operates a array of high gain satellites called The Deep Space Network. The Mars Rovers will communicate to an o... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter"
],
[]
] | ||
5vf9fg | what is the difference between the observer effect and the uncertainty principal? is it possible to measure the position of electrons in a double slit experiment without forcing them to interact with a measurement particle? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5vf9fg/eli5_what_is_the_difference_between_the_observer/ | {
"a_id": [
"de1lowe"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"The uncertainty principle is far more fundamental. In fact, the observer effect is not even unique to quantum mechanics. It's technically true in classical mechanics as well. \n\nThe observer effect just says that in practice, introducing some me... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4zzdd5 | Why didn't British textile manufacturers' use US slave labor to produce their goods? | In the late 18th and early 19th century British textile mills bought their cotton from the US South, which used slave labor. It seems it would have been cheaper to use slave labor then ship the goods to Europe rather than buy cotton and produce the goods in England.
Why didn't British textile owners set up factories i... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4zzdd5/why_didnt_british_textile_manufacturers_use_us/ | {
"a_id": [
"d70l4le"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"British 18th & 19th century industry used alot of cheap labour to begin with. Yes we had Indian labour but we also had prison labour, child labour and also cheap poverty. Irish workers would come from poverty stricken Ireland and would be cheap... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1v44s5 | why is there a focus to raise min wage instead of creating more working class jobs? | The complaint seems to be that no one can live on min wage, isn't the root cause the lack of middle class living wage jobs?
How does raising min wage not hurt everyone else that is currently making more than min wage due to inflation? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1v44s5/eli5why_is_there_a_focus_to_raise_min_wage/ | {
"a_id": [
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6,
4,
2,
3,
6,
4
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"text": [
"It's much easier to pass a law that states that the minimum wage is now higher. Companies can pay more to their employees and be in com... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1dpvqq | Could WWII have been won without America being involved eventually? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1dpvqq/could_wwii_have_been_won_without_america_being/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9sny80",
"c9sq9g4"
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"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Of course it could have. All you'd need is for the Axis nations to screw up and lose, which is of course always possible. \n\nYou'd probably get a better answer for this question in r/HistoricalWhatIf where people are more... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/rules#wiki_is_this_the_right_place_for_your_question.3F"
]
] | ||
gujap | After listening to RadioLab's recent episode about symmetry, a question about matter/antimatter has been brewing | They mentioned that for every billion "pieces" of antimatter, there are like a billion and one pieces of matter. And that extra matter eventually accumulates and interacts and forms stars and planets and heavy elements and eventually life. But, if there had been a bias toward antimatter, would/could life still exist ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/gujap/after_listening_to_radiolabs_recent_episode_about/ | {
"a_id": [
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"Yes, antimatter has exactly the same properties, chemistry, etc. as regular matter; the only reason that one has primary status is because it's what we're made of. We could just as well call what we're made of \"antimatter\" and call positrons, e... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4pza4f | why can the sqrt of 1/-1 not be rewritten as the sqrt of 1/sqrt of -1? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4pza4f/eli5why_can_the_sqrt_of_11_not_be_rewritten_as/ | {
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"You might want to use some parentheses to make in clear what two expressions you're trying to compare?",
"If sqrt(1/(-1)) = sqrt(1)/sqrt(-1) then since 1/(-1) = -1 and sqrt(1) = 1 therefore the sqrt(-1) = 1/ sqrt(-1) \... | [] | [] | [
[],
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19f62s | Have there been any instances in US history where militias abused their power? | Militias played a large role in the history of the United States, and are usually shown to be a group of honorable citizens donating their times and lives to defend their state/territory. But did they ever abuse their power and terrorize Americans? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/19f62s/have_there_been_any_instances_in_us_history_where/ | {
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"The \"Militia\" as originally termed is all adult males who are neither boys nor very old, the men who would be expected to defend the nation whether they are a part of a federal or state organization or not. \n\nSo yes, adult males did abuse the... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4tw0kr | How does modern science help historians? | In the past few decades, the advancement in computing, genetics and other areas of science and technology has provided new tools that historians can take advantage of. Are there good examples of recent historical discoveries and research that have been possible thanks to new science and technologies? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4tw0kr/how_does_modern_science_help_historians/ | {
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"We can distinguish between a number of ways in which modern technology can help historians:\n\n1) **information technology** helps historians analyse millions of documents with much greater ease. This reduces the amount of bias in which documents... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2otipz | Why didn't the conditions subjected to Germany after its defeat in WWII cause extremism like at the end of WWI? | With Germany losing even more territory, infact being split in 4, being made to pay more reparations, and having to reorient its economy, how come no party exploited those restrictions to their benefit like after the Treaty of Versailles? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2otipz/why_didnt_the_conditions_subjected_to_germany/ | {
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"Following World War I, Germany was forced to take the blame and basically left on their own to survive, or not. Following World War II, Germany was split into four zones, occupied by the victorious Allied powers: The United States, Britain, Franc... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6fg8e6 | why do we peel potatoes before turning them into mashed potatoes? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6fg8e6/eli5_why_do_we_peel_potatoes_before_turning_them/ | {
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"The potato skins don't mash well, leading to them interfering with the creamy texture that most people expect out... | [] | [] | [
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2sliiw | why do computers get slower and unresponsive the longer they are left on/over general time? | My computer which I built a few years ago isn't old enough or obsolete enough yet to tell me it can't reach any options on ctrl-alt-del. So why did I just essentially get forced to restart my computer? Why do I have to deal with perpetual slowness and waiting for the computer to "catch up"?
I run a very tight ship so ... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2sliiw/eli5_why_do_computers_get_slower_and_unresponsive/ | {
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"There's a number of fa... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
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[],
[],
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_creep"
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3mo9sw | how does safety glass work? | How do they get it to crumble into small pieces instead of the big sharp chunks you get from breaking normal glass? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3mo9sw/eli5_how_does_safety_glass_work/ | {
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"The glass is chilled suddenly from molten. That makes the outside freeze solid before the inside. As the inside cools it contracts, pulling the outer layer into considerable compression.\n\nThis has two advantages. Firstly it makes it harder, to ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Rupert's_Drop"
]
] | |
2skxu1 | why do people say today's education system is suited well for girls over boys? | Iv heard multiple times (no particular sources just general talk from online articles and in person) that today's educational system favors girls. What is the basis for this and is there truth behind it? I know that in my highschool there were more girls than guys on honor roll, and when I went to college there was a h... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2skxu1/eli5_why_do_people_say_todays_education_system_is/ | {
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"When women were still the underdogs, the government had huge incentive to cater the school system to them, to make sure that more went to university.\n\nBoy... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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] | |
3notkz | How does heat affect the wavelength of radiation emitted? | I get that there is more energy and so on but I thought that a specific element had a specific energy level needed to make an electron leap to the next shell. Wouldn't this mean that an element can only emit one wavelength of light? If so why does iron glow red and then white as it is heated? If not how do we use wavel... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3notkz/how_does_heat_affect_the_wavelength_of_radiation/ | {
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"This is because there isn't just one specific transition going on. An element can have multiple electrons and they can undergo multiple transitions at a time. If the substance is heated, then the molecules and atoms vibrate. Each of them can have... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www2.ifa.hawaii.edu/newsletters/images/37spectra.jpg"
]
] | |
1kq1ko | why doesn't the mlb drug test every player monthly/weekly for steroids? | It seems to me like one way to solve the PED problem in baseball would be to just test every single player in the league on a regular basis. Is it that MLB doesn't really want to catch everyone? Do they think the game would get boring without players cranking HR's all day? Is it too expensive? I know its not too exp... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1kq1ko/eli5_why_doesnt_the_mlb_drug_test_every_player/ | {
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"My own personal theory is that they really don't want to catch players and only drug test and punish PED users to make the game more family friendly.",
"Because anything like t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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] | |
2vlqrz | when did rc toys start being called drones? | Is there an actual differentiation? I've heard the explanation that one has a camera, but then its just an RC Helicopter with a camera on it. I feel like its a media buzzword that has turning into common language. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2vlqrz/eli5_when_did_rc_toys_start_being_called_drones/ | {
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32rbr3 | the different kinds of military aircraft; their roles and "generations" | What's the different between 4, 4.5 and 5th generation?
What do multirole and air superiority aircraft actually do?
How does a country's military decide what it needs and what kind of aircraft they should get? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/32rbr3/eli5_the_different_kinds_of_military_aircraft/ | {
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" > How does a country's military decide what it needs and what kind of aircraft they should get?\n\nThe military decides what equipment it needs to fulfill the goals its countries leadership wants it to do. For most nations, this may mean having ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3nxho8 | what is the difference between a language and a dialect? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3nxho8/eli5_what_is_the_difference_between_a_language/ | {
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"Both refer to a particular form of communication; they're the same general sort of thing. The actual line is **incredibly** fuzzy; Chinese is considered a language, but \"dialects\" of Chinese have more differences than the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/linguistics/comments/16ydns/at_what_point_does_a_dialect_become_a_different/c80ijl9",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbo-Croatian#Contemporary_names",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_intelligibility",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_\\(linguistics\\)"... | ||
1wwpwg | What prevented the unification of Europe through inter marriage of the ruling families? | The nobility in Europe from the middle ages onward was constantly inter marrying and as time approached WWI the signs of this were extremely apparent with genetic disorders from inbreeding. My question though is aimed at isolating the reasons why kingdoms such as France and England didn't simply arrange a marriage to u... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1wwpwg/what_prevented_the_unification_of_europe_through/ | {
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"Bloodline was certainly important - a marriage of families could well end one house's power over a kingdom.\n\nAlso, consider the laws of succession differed greatly between countr... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3a0npn | why are some letters in the old latin script revsersed to the modern latin script? what happened in the evolution of the old script for some of the letters to be turned around? | I'm researching the Duenos Inscription, and one of the things I've noticed is that a lot of the Old Latin letters are very similar to Modern Latin script, just turned around.
For example _URL_0_
Letters like L, K, F, E ect are just turned. Is there a reason for this? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3a0npn/eli5_why_are_some_letters_in_the_old_latin_script/ | {
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"Originally, it was written from right to left. The script descended from Semitic scripts like Canaanite and Hebrew, which is still written right to left to this day.\n\nThe problem is that most scribes were right-handed, and this makes writing ri... | [] | [
"http://www.omniglot.com/writing/latin.htm"
] | [
[]
] | |
1sc9t9 | To what extent did the Native Americans really think the white Europeans were gods and how long into the abuses by Europeans did the natives really internalize that these people were not gods. | The first question is self-explanitory. What I mean by the second question is: if they truly believed that these people were gods, would they have accepted some amount abuse from them (since these gods could have been angry). Would there have been some breaking point where they finally say, "wait a minute, these are ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1sc9t9/to_what_extent_did_the_native_americans_really/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"[A similar question](_URL_0_) came up a few weeks ago, and I gave a long answer there. To summarize, we don't know for sure if they did or didn't, but most scholars today seem to think they didn't. If there is truth to the claim that they did thi... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1rgsfl/is_there_any_truth_to_the_commonly_cited_fact/"
]
] | |
3h4p0f | why does a vacuum 'suck'? | An empty space, not the machine. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3h4p0f/eli5_why_does_a_vacuum_suck/ | {
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"It's not actually that a vacuum sucks, but that any gas will spreed out as there is nothing to contain it. It's just something of higher pressure will move towards lower pressure to even it out.",
"It's not really a \"su... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/using-the-kinetic-energy-formula-to-predict-air-mo.html",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_density"
]
] | |
cc0a3z | Do non-Western historians, writing in their own languages and about their own cultures, use BC and AD, or some other "year zero"? If so, what is it? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cc0a3z/do_nonwestern_historians_writing_in_their_own/ | {
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"Depending a bit on what \"non-western\" means...and with the permission of mods I'm gonna answer this about history-adjacent academia more broadly...\n\nA lot of non-western historians write in western languages (which nowad... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.tactus.dk/tacom/calendar5.htm"
]
] | ||
4dck0w | why are lights yellow? | Asking for a friend. All the houses on my street look yellow on the inside at night. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4dck0w/eli5_why_are_lights_yellow/ | {
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"Conventional Light bulbs work by running electricity through a filament made of metal (there's also fluorescent and LED bulbs, but they're not in wide home use). Different metals produce slightly diffe... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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] | |
5nubfw | why does the saturn v rocket engine's flame appear to come out "unlit"? | I've noticed in videos ([like this one](_URL_0_)) that the F-1's flame doesn't glow coming right out of the engine. It's only a few feet later that it begins to "light". What's going on here? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5nubfw/eli5_why_does_the_saturn_v_rocket_engines_flame/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The video explains it. The F-1 engine dumps the fuel into the cone from the walls of the nozzle, that allows the hydrogen and oxygen liquid to keep the temps of the titanium down so it doesn't melt. That is what makes the exhaust look like it ... | [] | [
"https://youtu.be/DKtVpvzUF1Y?t=2m10s"
] | [
[]
] | |
3dux4n | what is the job hunt, résumé, and interview process like at the ceo level like? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3dux4n/eli5_what_is_the_job_hunt_résumé_and_interview/ | {
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"A lot of C-level execs (particularly CMOs and CIOs or their equivalents) have profiles up on linkedin you can check out to get an idea of what their resume's look like. Generally,... | [] | [] | [
[],
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3wnzjj | why the main holidays of many religions mostly focused around the end of the year(i.e. christmas on dec. 25)? | . | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3wnzjj/eli5_why_the_main_holidays_of_many_religions/ | {
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"Because they revolve around the shortest day of the year (Dec 22). People like having something to lift their spirits up at that time if year, and they get to celebrate light/warmth coming back into the... | [] | [] | [
[],
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k973h | If so many flying insects are attracted to light, why are there no species of spider that are attracted to light as well? | While watching some David Attenborough documentary, the quote "these insects have been waging an evolutionary arms race that has lasted millennia" stuck in my head. It seems for every weakness in a prey animal, there is a predator animal that's evolved to exploit that weakness.
If so many flying insects are attracted ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/k973h/if_so_many_flying_insects_are_attracted_to_light/ | {
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"If there's a benefit to be had for a spider by preferring light sources (that outweighs risks created by being more visible to hungry bi... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"http://www.flickr.com/photos/yurukov/2841833302/lightbox/"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.flickr.com/photos/yurukov/2841833302/lightbox/"
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bip3gl | why do the majority of plastic containers/tubs/bottles have a small ‘ramp’ going downwards in the bottom of them. | It’s like an inlet into the plastic in a ramp/slant shape.
Praying someone knows what I’m talking about
Edit: [this is what I’m talking about](_URL_0_) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bip3gl/eli5_why_do_the_majority_of_plastic/ | {
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"text": [
"Can you take a picture of a plastic bottle and highlight what you're referencing?",
"Pretty sure its to keep it moving along the production line and to keep it still at the app... | [] | [
"https://imgur.com/WRh4Kq3"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://patents.google.com/patent/US6378723B1/en"
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vgc8g | relativity (also difference between general and special) as well as string theory | I've heard explanations of both but they're either to simple (5 year old) our too in depth. I just finished taking high school chemistry if that gives you any idea of what level. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/vgc8g/relativity_also_difference_between_general_and/ | {
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"text": [
"Special relativity: The speed of light is the same in all reference frames. You can't accelerate to the speed of light. You can't travel at the speed of light unless you're massless, in which case you must travel at the speed of light. Time passe... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
o6cnp | why i can only stomach the idea of certain foods at breakfast? | I'm aware that your typical breakfast cuisine varies from culture-to-culture (I'm an Australian), but above all of that, why is it that there are certain foods I'd quite happily eat for lunch or dinner that I could not even stomach the idea of for breakfast? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/o6cnp/eli5_why_i_can_only_stomach_the_idea_of_certain/ | {
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"In the morning your body usually craves sugar and carbs/fats. You've been hungry for 7-8 hours and need immediate energy.\n\nSome people also don't like salty foods because the body is already dehydrat... | [] | [] | [
[],
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40441j | Why did the U.S.S.R ban homosexuality, when Lenin originally decriminalized homosexuality? What did Marx say about homosexuality? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/40441j/why_did_the_ussr_ban_homosexuality_when_lenin/ | {
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"text": [
"I am hoping for someone who can answer this question with greater expertise than my own but [here](_URL_1_) is a link to a recent discussion I had about this with u/Subs-man and on a [question of my own](_URL_0_) u/The_Manchurian recommended \"H... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3zp5k2/homosexuality_and_trans_individuals_in_the_early/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3zcqpb/minorities_what_was_the_experience_of_homosexuals/"
]
] | ||
nw0m5 | Are our bodies just biological vehicles for bacteria? | Just general curiosity getting the better of me here. I recall a lecture I had listened to some time ago that had touched on the fact that our bodies are pretty much filled and covered with bacteria from top to bottom and everywhere in between. I'm wondering if we know how much of our total mass is comprised of these ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/nw0m5/are_our_bodies_just_biological_vehicles_for/ | {
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"text": [
"While the bacteria on and in our best comprise a large number of cells (approx. 10 times as many as our own), they are relatively light. Based on [this]( _URL_1_), they are estimated to weigh anywhere from 2-9 pounds. In man... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal_bacteriotherapy",
"http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview/id/208733.html"
],
[
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal_bacteriotherapy",
"http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview/id/208733.html"
]
] | |
6c6grl | Were maces more expensive or harder to make than warhammers? And were there any historical evidence of people prefering one to the other or thinking one was better? | ^((For clarity I'm talking about the historical 1 handed warhammer, not the sort you see in most video games and media)^)
Recently I've began to think that maces were more expensive to make compared to warhammers, as well as being more of a weapon for the rich or nobles. This was based on:
* What a historical youtube... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6c6grl/were_maces_more_expensive_or_harder_to_make_than/ | {
"a_id": [
"dhujpqi"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Before we start talking about warhammers and maces we should define what we mean. In this answer I will be talking about single-handed, short-hafted weapons with either hammer heads or more symetrical, weighted heads (most often flanged). Most w... | [] | [
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/San_Romano_Battle_%28Paolo_Uccello%2C_London%29_01.jpg"
] | [
[
"https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/05/32/f1/0532f1932110abdff2100f398d3f82f8.jpg",
"https://collections.royalarmouries.org/object/rac-object-40736.html",
"http://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=61475&viewType=detail... | |
1rv6us | Are there publicly-available detailed (date/localization, nationalities, etc.) lists of all the military casualties of WWI? | The records I am looking would include date and place of death/MIA, ideally nationalities too. Online search pointed to database that were more oriented toward personal details (name, DOB etc.) for genealogical purposes but I would "just" like to know how many, where and where were they from. It would be for a long-ter... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1rv6us/are_there_publiclyavailable_detailed/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdrcfiw",
"cdred5a"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"I suggest you look at the [Commonwealth War Graves Commission](_URL_1_), which is a great resource to locate war dead from various parts of the former British empire. You might also check the German equivalent, [Volksbund De... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.volksbund.de/home.html",
"http://www.cwgc.org/"
],
[
"http://www.inflandersfields.be/en/knowledge-center/casualty-database/introduction"
]
] | |
1zav6w | how does my game cube know exactly what time it is 7 years later? | 7 years ago I moved and during packaging I unplugged my game cube and have kept it in storage for 7 years. Just a little bit ago I plugged it in. When I started a new save file I noticed the time on the game was exactly the time of month/day/year, on the dot. 3/1/2014 2:50. I have kept it unplugged for 7 years, no powe... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1zav6w/eli5_how_does_my_game_cube_know_exactly_what_time/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfs0wyc"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"It'll have a watch battery on its motherboard. They can last aaaaaages without forgetting the time. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2m8ugr | Does light lose energy as it escapes a gravity well? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2m8ugr/does_light_lose_energy_as_it_escapes_a_gravity/ | {
"a_id": [
"cm21bqu"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"See [gravitational redshift](_URL_0_)."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_redshift"
]
] | ||
ak6al6 | why do our bodies not ache after sleeping for several hours vs. when awake in a stilled position for several hours? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ak6al6/eli5_why_do_our_bodies_not_ache_after_sleeping/ | {
"a_id": [
"ef1wh89",
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"ef2drs5",
"ef2eeu5",
"ef2es1d",
"ef2gh0b",
"ef2gkc5",
"ef2gohp",
"ef2grfa",
"ef2hn6k",
"ef2hulu",
"ef2i9zl",
"ef2isc9"
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"score": [
1452,
6,
104,
29,
89,
50,... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
3xzex9 | Does nuclear work in space? If so are we using it? If not why not? | I obviously don't have a huge understanding of nuclear power or using it for propulsion, etc...
I added it to Engineering, but I'm not sure that is the correct one. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3xzex9/does_nuclear_work_in_space_if_so_are_we_using_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"cy9a1ad",
"cy9bb4y",
"cy9bksv"
],
"score": [
2,
3,
10
],
"text": [
"Someone correct me if I'm wrong. But our sun is actually a really massive nuclear reaction. It's nuclear fission at the core which is why its core is considerably cooler than the surface. Now as far as... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.space.com/21519-nasa-fusion-rocket-space-exploration.html"
],
[
"http://www.unoosa.org/",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_thruster",
"http://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/47/a47r068.htm",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brayton_cycle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T... | |
6dtt99 | how does wearing more clothes that cover more areas of skin keep you cooler when outside in the sun? | I work outside all day so I wear a long sleeve turtle neck Under Armor under my work clothes. Many people I work with who work in the offices inside ask we why I wear my attire but all I can tell them is it keeps the sun off my skin. Preventing skin cancer and keeping me cooler, but idk how to explain HOW its keeping m... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6dtt99/eli5how_does_wearing_more_clothes_that_cover_more/ | {
"a_id": [
"di5aobw",
"di5dffl"
],
"score": [
14,
3
],
"text": [
"Because the clothing you have on is blocking the suns rays from directly affecting you and putting a barrier up that blocks them.\n\nClothing on your skin blocks up to 95% of the UVA/UVB radiation that the sun puts off into... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
abt80h | why are cruise ships not registered out of the port they leave from? why are most the north american ships registered to nassau, the bahamas? | (If I flair this wrong please correct me) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/abt80h/eli5_why_are_cruise_ships_not_registered_out_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"ed2qlz6",
"ed2qqev",
"ed2rdeu"
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"score": [
9,
9,
5
],
"text": [
"Because when ships are at sea they follow the laws of the country of registration, so most cruise ships will register in countries with lax workers right laws to save money",
"Most ships are registe... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_convenience"
],
[]
] |
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