q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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1e5jox | warm fronts | I get how cold fronts work and how cold air is more dense which pushes the warm air out of the way as the warm air rises, but how does a warm front work? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1e5jox/eli5_warm_fronts/ | {
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"Warm air moves to an area where there is already cold air.\n\nAs the warm air moves into the new area, it gets pushed up on top of the cold air.\n\nUnlike cold fronts, the weather at warm fronts tends to be stable. In other words, as the warm air... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
lxo86 | How did Einstein 'discover' time-dilation? | I'm relatively (kek) familiar with Einstein's theories (both special and general), and I understand that his work was mostly a theoretical undertaking at the time. Time-dilation is an established, observed phenomenon - but how the hell did he come up with this? What lead him to conclude that such a thing would take pla... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/lxo86/how_did_einstein_discover_timedilation/ | {
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"It was pretty well established by then that light acts like a wave. Now any other wave that we know about needs a medium to propagate through: ocean waves need water, sound waves need air. It was natural to assume that ligh... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5mq0ag | why does a weak am/fm radio signal result in a consistent static/fuzzy sound while a weak satellite radio signal results in intermittent high quality sound? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5mq0ag/eli5_why_does_a_weak_amfm_radio_signal_result_in/ | {
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"The simple answer is that AM/FM is an analog signal, which you can \"kind of\" pick up. Think of analog as a scale of 100-0 with the quality increasing or decreasing as you move from the transmitter.\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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1myhvz | why are anarchists and nihilists put on the same political wing as socialist and communists? | Why are anarchists and nihilists put on the same political wing as socialist and communists? Both the anarchists and nihilists want the governing state gone. Isn't that just extreme liberalism? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1myhvz/eli5_why_are_anarchists_and_nihilists_put_on_the/ | {
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"If you look at it economically, anarchism has strong ties to socialist/communist theory. Anarchists are pretty misunderstood, it's not all about no rules and complete chaos. Early anarchists believed that you should grow f... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | |
a2qgfk | How long does it take for plant cells to grow? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/a2qgfk/how_long_does_it_take_for_plant_cells_to_grow/ | {
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"This varies greatly from plant to plant, and it will vary based on the conditions. You also need to define 'grow' because cells can expand or divide to grow. \n\nPlants that perform C4 photosynthesis (like grasses) tend to expand and divide rapid... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.nature.com/news/2009/090820/full/news.2009.841.html"
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12yesv | How thin is the surface of a bubble? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/12yesv/how_thin_is_the_surface_of_a_bubble/ | {
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"Short Answer: Somewhere around 50-500 nano meters, depending on where you measure the bubble's thickness.\n\nLong Answer: This can be measured using a very clever natural phenomenon, [thin-flim inte... | [] | [] | [
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_interference"
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1fctpn | Did Romans really have those feathered things on top of their helmets? If so, why? | I was wondering because I thought they were like the horns on viking helmets (Hollywood added) but I noticed they have them in documentaries. They don't seem very practical. Did they have them? Did they serve a purpose? Did they wear them in war or was it just ceremonial armor? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1fctpn/did_romans_really_have_those_feathered_things_on/ | {
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"The \"feathered thing\" is called a crest and its usage depends on the time period:\n\nIn the days of the early republic, it was not common.\n\nDuring the late republic (post 3rd century B.C.) it was very common among legion... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | |
6r5lln | how is something scientifically proven to be a fact? | Co-worker of mine has issues with what we consider to be facts and that we're all programmed to believe 1+1=2
It's quite a headache talking to him about anything, mostly because I'm not a damn scientist. So how can I break down the way scientists prove their discoveries and how they become facts and truth? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6r5lln/eli5_how_is_something_scientifically_proven_to_be/ | {
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"Scientists don't tend to use the word \"fact\" for any generalized statement.\n\nI dropped a ball from the top of a 100-meter building and I measured that it... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peano_axioms"
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6l9pcx | feces being a major source of harmful germs,how is it the lower intestine isn't chronically infected. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6l9pcx/eli5_feces_being_a_major_source_of_harmful/ | {
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"This has to do with the fact that our intestines are made up of microscopic nutrients collectors (imagine a fluffy rug and roll it) [i don't know how it's called in english.] So tiny that bacteria can't fit through them but... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | ||
5v06pi | What led to Sulla's retirement after being declared dictator for life? | At the time, was his retirement most likely viewed as a sincere, "now the Republic has a strong foundation on which to stand, we can return to the rule of law," or an insincere, "I'm bored with this, time to go kick it in my country estate." | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5v06pi/what_led_to_sullas_retirement_after_being/ | {
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"The sources are particularly lousy for this: the wretched Appian on the one hand, and on the other Plutarch, more interested in the morbid details of his wasting disease than any politics. Scullard and Keaveney both argued that Sulla simply got ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2ccfui | Did the Romans ever face armies of horseback archers from the steppes or elsewhere? How did they fair? Did they ever experiment with or adopt the strategy? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2ccfui/did_the_romans_ever_face_armies_of_horseback/ | {
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"text": [
"Yes, Roman armies faced armies primarily composed of horse archers more than once. The fellow under me has referenced Attila the Hun. The Romans did technically defeat him at Chalons, but I'll admit to a small working knowledge of the late Roma... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3g6oo4 | what are ghz and what do they mean when it comes to computer specs? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3g6oo4/eli5_what_are_ghz_and_what_do_they_mean_when_it/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Hz is a measure of frequency- the number of times something happens per second. If something has a frequency of 3GHz, it means that it happens three billion times per second. \n\nIn the case of computers, that's the speed of its internal clock. A... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
30mcr1 | Do rockets use fossil fuels? Is there danger of running out of rocket fuel as we deplete oil reserves in the next 50-200 years? If so, are there alternative fuels that have the necessary power to take us into space? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/30mcr1/do_rockets_use_fossil_fuels_is_there_danger_of/ | {
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"We are in no danger of running out of liquid oxygen or liquid hydrogen, as they can be extracted from water. You can make a workable rocket with just those f... | [] | [] | [
[],
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8roqmg | when a hard drive sets aside space for a download, what is it filled with before it actually receives the data that takes up the space? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8roqmg/eli5_when_a_hard_drive_sets_aside_space_for_a/ | {
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"text": [
"Logically, the filesystem is told to reserve the physical space for the new file.\n\nPhysically, the space of a hard drive that are reserved still contain whatever data was last in that space."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7nsvob | subjective vs. objective | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7nsvob/eli5_subjective_vs_objective/ | {
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"Subjective is a judgement or experience. Objective is a reliably reproducible measurement. Both can be scientific. A good example is flavor versus chemistry.\n\nA cherry is tangy, sweet. That's a subjective statement because everyone experiences ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1tb2vw | Do we have any concept of "infinite" I terms of time and space? | When it comes to time, I know that we estimate the universe to be about 13.7 billion years old. I know we don't have a understanding of what was before that, but do we have any abstract ideas of when time 'began'? How can something like time begin? And conversely how can it just not have a beginning?
The question... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1tb2vw/do_we_have_any_concept_of_infinite_i_terms_of/ | {
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"_URL_0_\n\n > We now know (as of 2013) that the universe is flat with only a 0.4% margin of error. This suggests that the Universe is infinite in extent; [...] All we can truly conclude is that the Universe is much larger than the volume we can ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/uni_shape.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universe#Size.2C_age.2C_contents.2C_structure.2C_and_laws"
]
] | |
bmixbr | how does trade between countries work in terms of currency? if country a buys millions of dollars worth of commodities from country b, how do they pay? do they give them cash? gold? bank transfer? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bmixbr/eli5_how_does_trade_between_countries_work_in/ | {
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"text": [
"Think of countries as regular companies for this case. \n\nCountries don't really buy things - it's state companies that are run (more or less) like private companies, think of train networks requiring trains, power grids require generators, wate... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
fobgss | counterfeit vs fake vs forgery for items | I've seen the terms used interchangeably, and want to ensure I've got things right with regard to them.
What's the major difference between the three, to avoid confusion? I'll admit I've sometimes used the wrong word in the past.
Is forgery more about things like banknotes, signatures/celebrity signatures than things... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fobgss/eli5_counterfeit_vs_fake_vs_forgery_for_items/ | {
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"Counterfeit and forgery generally mean the same thing, although you might use forgery to refer to something more specific.\n\nSo like \"counterfeit money\" is a banal mass-produced object, that happens... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1no29f | How do you defend the purpose of Medieval History? | First off I am not attacking history as a field of knowledge. I believe history has value as a field of study because it is perhaps the best to understand our present, where we have come from and also to learn how best to approach our world today. I am a graduate student of American History (and trans-Atlantic) and for... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1no29f/how_do_you_defend_the_purpose_of_medieval_history/ | {
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"... because times change. It's useful to study how people thought and lived and why things happened the way they did in eras very different from our own, so we gain insight into what might happen in fu... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://images.dailyexpress.co.uk/img/dynamic/campaigns/15.jpg",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones"
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39rn8v | why do we still need sunscreen? why haven't we as humans adapted to the heat of the sun after all this time? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/39rn8v/eli5_why_do_we_still_need_sunscreen_why_havent_we/ | {
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" > Why haven't we as humans adapted to the heat of the sun after all this time?\n\nIt's not the heat that's the problem. It's ultraviolet light, which damages cells and can lead to skin cancer. And w... | [] | [] | [
[],
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3z88eo | Why did America develop a stable republic while most of Latin America developed weak, unstable republic? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3z88eo/why_did_america_develop_a_stable_republic_while/ | {
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"text": [
"Which Latin America? We all have different histories you know. ",
"I don't know that I can answer the question as written for \"most of Latin America, from what appears to be ... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
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5uflnr | Why does water turn yellow when electric current passes through it for some time? | When I was young, I used to play around with electricity quite a bit. One "experiment" I did was to take 12v DC and pass it through a glass of water via two copper conductors. I noticed that, after several hours, the water becomes yellow and cloudy. I'm assuming this is some sort of chemical reaction, but what was happ... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5uflnr/why_does_water_turn_yellow_when_electric_current/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It's a physical reaction, not chemical, the electricity is causing it not an interaction of chemicals. Ions (atoms missing bits) come off the anode (positive side). If you leave wires connected to a battery in water for long enough you'll see o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2vybkn | if i keep the calories down but it's all mtn dew & chocolate & chips, will i lose weight or stay fat from all the sugar? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2vybkn/eli5_if_i_keep_the_calories_down_but_its_all_mtn/ | {
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"If you eat fewer calories than you use, you lose weight.\n\nIf all those calories come from soda, chocolate, and chips, you lose other ... | [] | [] | [
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"http://i.imgur.com/qRD1uQF.jpg",
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"http://i.imgur.com/mtvnv5z.jpg"
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i8u2y | Let's be honest: Is interstellar/intergallactic space travel possible at all? | [Micrometeoroids](_URL_2_), radiation, [zero-gravity effects on the body](_URL_0_), overwhelming distances (with the current technology, the shortest trip to Alpha Centauri would take 50,000 years) and inefficient fuel-based transportation...
We're nowhere near the speed of light, and even if we were, space is still ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i8u2y/lets_be_honest_is_interstellarintergallactic/ | {
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"You are pretty much correct in your analysis.\n\nLong-term generation ships using nuclear pulse propulsion (or similar) could perhaps re... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_medicine",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sombrero_Galaxy#Dust_ring",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometeoroid"
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[],
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"http://www.projectrho.com/rocket/slowerlight.php"
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nemvv | If we never see objects fall into black holes due to time dilation, how do black holes gain mass? | So, I don't know much quantitative general relativity, but I know enough special relativity to understand that what's basically going on in the vicinity of a strong gravitational field is something conceptually similar to how on a two-observer spacetime diagram in SR, the "tick marks" on the time axis become increasing... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/nemvv/if_we_never_see_objects_fall_into_black_holes_due/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It's a somewhat tricky question, actually.\n\nFrom the point of view of the infalling particle, time doesn't slow down at all as it approaches the horizon; in fact, it doesn't feel anything special at the horizon at all, and... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
74b11b | why does traveling to new places generally make people happy? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/74b11b/eli5_why_does_traveling_to_new_places_generally/ | {
"a_id": [
"dnwv6w2"
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"text": [
"1. Humans have an instinctive desire to explore. Following our instincts feels good.\n2. It distracts us from our usual daily concerns, which aren't visible there.\n3. We don't have so many chores or work to do when on vacation."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
cth0kp | how the conversion rates between currencies are decided. who, or what, decides these? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/cth0kp/eli5_how_the_conversion_rates_between_currencies/ | {
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"text": [
"It works kind of like the stock market. Look up forex trading for details.\n\nBut basically a bunch of people make and take offers to trade one currency for another, and the rates those people are willing to trade at determi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1tflmo | how does alka-seltzer work? | Okay, so stomach acid helps break down your food right? Alka-Seltzer is a base, which counteracts the acid. Doesn't that mean your stomach acid isn't working as well as it should? Wouldn't that make your stomach hurt instead of giving you some relief?
Sorry if this is a dumb question... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1tflmo/eli5_how_does_alkaseltzer_work/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It doesn't counteract the acid a whole lot, and you wouldn't take it if you felt fine anyway. If you eat a lot of acidic food or drinks, then the balance gets thrown off, and its too acidic. Then you would want take an alka ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
8zzujv | how does the opening bottle of wine in a shoe work? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8zzujv/eli5_how_does_the_opening_bottle_of_wine_in_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"e2mojmo"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Liquids don't compress. Holding the bottle upside down and striking the heel sends shockwaves through the bottle, which terminate in the spongey cork, causing it to move. Since it can't move into the liquids, it moves out of the neck."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1635cu | Why are many diseases that are potentially lethal to animals harmless to humans (and vice versa)? | What exactly determines which kind of animal or human a pathogen can infect?
In my understanding all mammals (including humans) are built similar (e.g. have a heart, a brain, lungs, ...) so the pathogen could cause its disease in the same places. But obviously some pathogens are more harmful to one kind of animal than ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1635cu/why_are_many_diseases_that_are_potentially_lethal/ | {
"a_id": [
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"A couple points:\n\n1) yes, the tree of life contains a wide spectrum of immune systems. The innate immune system (macrophages, granulocytes e.g. neutrophils, complement proteins, etc) varies across the animal clade. The adaptive immune system (T... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chytridiomycosis",
"http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v11/n1/full/nrg2703.html",
"http://www.formatex.org/microbio/pdf/pages868-874.pdf",
"http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/images/ParasiteImages/M-R/Malaria/Malaria_LifeCycle.gif",
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/... | |
cfbac4 | How can exoplanets in systems whose planes do not allow transits visible to earth be detected? | Wikipedia lists astrometry and thermal imaging as being the two methods that don't require earth to be within the system's plane, but they are very limited in comparison to transits. Are there any promising methods that may eventually allow reliable detection of exoplanets in systems whose planes don't align nicely wit... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/cfbac4/how_can_exoplanets_in_systems_whose_planes_do_not/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"There's a lot more methods to detect exoplanets. I'll summarize them : \n\n1. Transit Photometry as you said. This detects only a tiny fraction of the exoplanets since you need aligned systems there could be tens of thousands of planets not seen ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.mpia.de/homes/ppvi/chapter/fischer.pdf",
"https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/ways-to-find-a-planet/"
]
] | |
2vk2a8 | Why do we as humans often times feel he need to feed wild animals such as birds and fish when we get nothing in return? | Obviously there's the "because we enjoy it" answer but I guess my real question is why do we like to feed animals that we aren't keeping as pets when there is nothing in it for us? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2vk2a8/why_do_we_as_humans_often_times_feel_he_need_to/ | {
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"text": [
"Bear with me on this:\n\nWhen our ancestors moved down from the trees and started to live in social groups out in the open this put selective pressure towards developing altruisti... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handicap_principle"
]
] | |
yfnqx | Can animals really predict disaster ahead? | We've probably all heard stores like the examples below...
* A tsunami is coming so the elephants escape and run for higher ground. [link](_URL_1_)
* Someone is about to have a seizure and their dog goes into action. [link](_URL_2_)
* 24 hours before an earthquake snakes start throwing themselves against their enclosu... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/yfnqx/can_animals_really_predict_disaster_ahead/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5v59qk",
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"text": [
"It's a numbers game. Let's say you have 1000 pet owners in a town. Every day, 10 random pets are going to behave oddly for some reason - not important which. The owners most likely will shrug or mayb... | [] | [
"http://www.treehugger.com/clean-technology/can-animals-foresee-natural-disasters.html",
"http://blogs.discovery.com/animal_oddities/2011/03/can-animals-sense-earthquakes-and-tsunamis.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seizure_response_dog"
] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138006/pdf/ijerph-08-01936.pdf"
]
] | |
17yoil | What is the correlation between decibels and sound waves? | Can the amount of decibels an object produces be represented in a sound wave and how would that work? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/17yoil/what_is_the_correlation_between_decibels_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8a0yor"
],
"score": [
2
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"text": [
"I believe your confusion comes from thinking of decibels as being units used to measure sound waves. They aren't. The units typically used to measure sound waves are either micropascals RMS (for amplitude/pressure) or watts/meter^2 (for intensi... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_magnitude"
]
] | |
65acpr | Why does a wood stove burn more vigorously when the door is slightly ajar than when fully open? | It seems like the opposite should be true, since a fully open door is a larger opening for oxygen.
EDIT: I've a received some thoughtful explanations so far, so thank you. So far, I get that there would be an increase in the velocity of incoming air when the aperture is narrowed; however, I don't see how an increased ... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/65acpr/why_does_a_wood_stove_burn_more_vigorously_when/ | {
"a_id": [
"dg98wlt"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"It's air pressure. When the stove is completely open, air pressure is roughly equalized so oxygen being burned is immediately replenished. When the door is only slightly open, the fire is using up the oxygen in the oven causing an area of low pre... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5bilkk | Did any ancient civilisation ever actually build the kinds of complex mechanical puzzles you see in popular fiction like Indiana Jones, Tomb Raider, Uncharted, National Treasure etc? | Obviously these are works of fiction but I've always wondered to what extent the trope was inspired by real discoveries. | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5bilkk/did_any_ancient_civilisation_ever_actually_build/ | {
"a_id": [
"d9osgvj"
],
"score": [
91
],
"text": [
"Hi, you may be interested in a couple of posts from [the FAQ](_URL_2_):\n\n* [Were the tombs of South American civilizations the booby-trapped nightmare we see in entertainment?](_URL_1_) - South & amp; Central America, Egypt\n\n* [Many fantasy... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13r37l/many_fantasyhistorical_computer_games_and_rpgs/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/23jd10/were_the_tombs_of_south_american_civilizations/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/monuments#wiki_were.2Fare_there_actually_tombs_... | |
rns0d | What can we make using the 6 elements in the /r/askscience logo? | What sort of substance could we theoretically synthesize containing all (but not necessarily limited to) the elements in question: arsenic, potassium, scandium, iodine, neon and cerium? Slept through most of my high school chemistry, so if something exists in nature with those components, I'll take that too. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/rns0d/what_can_we_make_using_the_6_elements_in_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4797km"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Pretty much none. Neon is a noble gas which won't form compounds with much and definitely not with all of these at any reasonable energy. You might be able to squeeze everything but Ne onto some long molecule all as substituted atoms, but even ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1793ho | When 'unlikely' animals tolerate the company of each other, what is happening at a psychological level? | I refer to posts [such as this.](_URL_0_)
Often you'll see other posts on Reddit with Dogs and foxes, cats and squirrels etc all seemingly comfortable in each others company.
Are these anomalies or could these "friendships" end in an instant if the dominant animal got a blood lust? Are there specific trains in, for e... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1793ho/when_unlikely_animals_tolerate_the_company_of/ | {
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"score": [
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3,
11,
56,
85,
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"text": [
"A polite reminder. This is AskScience. No layman speculation, no guessing, no anecdotes, no jokes. Please check the sidebar if you'... | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/pics/comments/178l3i/my_university_has_a_cute_couple_a_cat_and_a_duck/"
] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://video.pbs.org/video/2300668052/"
],
[
"http://www.goodnewsnetwork.org/most-popular/pbs-features-cross-species-compassion.html",
"http://directionlessbones.wordpress.com/2009/01/30/cross-species-relationships-and-the-minds-of-animals/"
],
[
"http://www.huffingtonpost.com... | |
t7vjv | Before their double-helixed DNA model, Watson and Crick made a "failed" model. What did this model look like? | Also, how did the model differ from their now accepted model? What changes were made? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/t7vjv/before_their_doublehelixed_dna_model_watson_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4kaye0",
"c4kb2oo",
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"score": [
4,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Apparently it was a triple helix with three sugar-phosphate backbones in the middle with the Nitrogen bases sticking out.\n\n\n_URL_0_\n\nThat is my google fu however not my expertise. I would not be a ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.storybehindthescience.org/pdf/dna.pdf"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin#Contribution_to_the_model_of_DNA"
],
[]
] | |
e4m05u | Is remembering a dream the same mechanism as remembering something in real life? | For example, why is my memory so bad when it comes to dreams but not as bad with real life experiences? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/e4m05u/is_remembering_a_dream_the_same_mechanism_as/ | {
"a_id": [
"f9fazvs"
],
"score": [
25
],
"text": [
"Memory isn't as perfect as we'd like to think it is to begin with. Then, on top of that, the altered state of consciousness the brain is in during sleep can (essentially) shut down parts of the brain, particularly the prefrontal cortex. Since me... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
s6d7w | If I shoot a car with an EMP gun, what would happen? | Let's say a car cut me off and I shoot him with an EMP for some stealthy revenge. I would assume (probably ignorantly so) his electronics in his car would die and his car would shut off and he would coast to a stop on the side of the road. Some questions:
1. Can an EMP be diretionally modified to only hit the car in... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/s6d7w/if_i_shoot_a_car_with_an_emp_gun_what_would_happen/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4bhn2g",
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"Devices like this exist and are being marketed to police departments around the world as a means for terminating dangerous car chases. I believe there is some safety cost/benefit calculation at work. The burning out of all e... | [] | [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oT5EJYY_6HQ"
] | [
[],
[
"http://www.empcommission.org/docs/A2473-EMP_Commission-7MB.pdf"
]
] | |
807n7b | why when there is a silent we often hear a beep sound? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/807n7b/eli5_why_when_there_is_a_silent_we_often_hear_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"dutjxca"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
" Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained that this is *tinnitus:*\n\n1. [ELI5: what is the ringing noise we hear when there's silence? ](_URL_3_) ^(_ > 100 comments_)\n1. [ELI5: Why do my ears ring in a quiet room? ](_URL_2_) ^... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3nodef/eli5_what_is_happening_when_you_randomly_hear_a/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/37zr0m/eli5_what_is_the_beeping_sound_i_hear_sometimes/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2idbau/eli5_why_do_my_ears_... | ||
5goq5i | how does the amazon go store figure out what you are purchasing exactly? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5goq5i/eli5_how_does_the_amazon_go_store_figure_out_what/ | {
"a_id": [
"datvnzf"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Holy crud, this is a neat idea. Here's some speculation, until we can get a concrete answer from Ol' Amazon themselves.\n\n* since you need the app, and need to apparently launch it when walking in, that's probably how the store determines that y... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
5cd82h | how was the dnc primary "rigged"? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5cd82h/eli5_how_was_the_dnc_primary_rigged/ | {
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"score": [
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/10/31/hacked-emails-suggest-trump-was-right-after-all-clinton-got-previews-of-some-debate-questions/",
"http://www.snopes.com/stanford-study-proves-election-fraud-through-exit-poll-discrepancies/"
],
[],
[],
[
"https:... | ||
57uk3c | why did slave owners/ traders feel it was necessary to convert slaves to christianity? if slaves were considered nothing more than property why was their salvation important? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/57uk3c/eli5_why_did_slave_owners_traders_feel_it_was/ | {
"a_id": [
"d8v1yux",
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"d8vmnzs",
"d8vqxau",
"d8vyj8f",
"d8vyspy",
"d... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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"http://biblehub.com/ephesians/6-5.htm"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"slaves.As"
],
[],
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[],
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] | ||
1jse01 | why there is a difference in the way medication is administered. specifically, what is the difference between pills and injections. | I think it is kind of obvious why some medications are in vapour or syrup form, but I don't know why some medications are in pill or injection form.
Also, bonus points for explaining why certain injections need to be administered to particular points of the body. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1jse01/eli5_why_there_is_a_difference_in_the_way/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbhtm0e",
"cbhts5b",
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"Injections, if through an IV, go straight into the bloodstream. Pills have to be digested before entering the bloodstream, so generally less gets in (or if something is meant to wo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6aewqg | What happens to the blood in an uterus during missed periods? | Let's say a woman misses their period because of stress or other non-pregnancy related reasons. What happens to the blood that accumulated for a month? And what happens to the following cycle? Does the lining keep thickening or does it stay as it is for another full cycle? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6aewqg/what_happens_to_the_blood_in_an_uterus_during/ | {
"a_id": [
"dhevejg",
"dheygns"
],
"score": [
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Tl;dr the lining usually doesn't thicken in these cases\n\n\nThe causes of frequently irregular periods (oligomenorrhoea) or complete lack of them (amenorrhoea) are normally always hormones. \n\n To put this into context wit... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
81zvje | Why do some cameras get really grainy when taking photos or videos in low-light/no-light? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/81zvje/why_do_some_cameras_get_really_grainy_when_taking/ | {
"a_id": [
"dv6iemg",
"dv6j3y3"
],
"score": [
14,
5
],
"text": [
"Various kinds of noise. As the light goes down, you get less light (signal) but not less noise. \n\nBut what is the noise? One type of noise is read noise. Read noise is a constant caused by imperfections in the technology ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1067l5 | the phrase 'have your cake and eat it, too.' | Thanks! | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1067l5/eli5_the_phrase_have_your_cake_and_eat_it_too/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6aqdhn",
"c6ar7ff",
"c6av5qm"
],
"score": [
52,
11,
6
],
"text": [
"Once you eat the cake, it's gone. You don't have it anymore. You cannot have both",
"The phrase makes more sense if worded as \"To eat your cake and have it too.\"",
"My dad applied this sayin... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
78gknv | How do large batteries work (like the Tesla house unit)? and What are the barriers around efficient large scale energy storage? | Just curious, I don’t know much at all on the topic. Is there a future where we could store enough energy to be used personally for years? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/78gknv/how_do_large_batteries_work_like_the_tesla_house/ | {
"a_id": [
"doubnrp",
"doux3iw"
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"\nThe tesla house battery is a basically a lithium Ion battery,same as yor phone just in Large. Here's a pretty good [link](_URL_0_) to how they work.\n\nBarriers are :the low engie density in these types of. I think the Tes... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/lithium_based_batteries"
],
[]
] | |
2mjh05 | why is testosterone legally prescribed for transgender but not bodybuilding/muscle gain? | I'm just curious as to why doctors legally prescribe measured testosterone injections to a woman who wants to change her body, but won't do the same for a man wanting to change his in a different yet similar way. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2mjh05/eli5why_is_testosterone_legally_prescribed_for/ | {
"a_id": [
"cm4tj2z",
"cm4tjxl",
"cm4trnt"
],
"score": [
9,
5,
5
],
"text": [
"Because the trans man has a recognized medical condition and the dude just trying to bulk up doesn't. And because the trans man is only going to normal male levels of testosterone - which are relatively... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1kbmz9 | Are there other cultures that have a long tradition of personal names appropriated from languages other than the ones primarily spoken by that culture? | Was just thinking about how many proper names in European culture are derived from Latin, Greek, or Hebrew roots, like Cornelius, Veronica, or Joshua. As opposed to proper names taken straight from the spoken vernacular, like Victor or Heather.
This in comparison to say Chinese, where the majority of the names see... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1kbmz9/are_there_other_cultures_that_have_a_long/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbnc0rg",
"cbnd755"
],
"score": [
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Late Ancient Hebrew did this a ton. Many names were Greek. Variants of \"Alexander\" were especially popular. Other names were Aramaic, but the two languages are so similar that distinguishing them in names is often diffi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
41bgit | Why didn't any Ottoman Sultans perform Hajj when they declared themselves Caliphs of Islam? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/41bgit/why_didnt_any_ottoman_sultans_perform_hajj_when/ | {
"a_id": [
"cz1b9x5"
],
"score": [
15
],
"text": [
"It's mostly logistical issues. A sultan traveling from Istanbul to Mekka would need a huge army for protection. Traveling there and back would take months even years with a massive entourage which would destabilize the government back home and p... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
fvd2l2 | if the sun is on the other side of the earth at night, how does it stay so warm during the summer? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fvd2l2/eli5_if_the_sun_is_on_the_other_side_of_the_earth/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
9,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Okay, the only difference between summer and winter as far as heat goes is the angle that the sun hits the earth. With the axis, the sun hits at a steeper angle (ie. Straight up/down) which means great... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
5x5a1s | how does the fourth amendment prevent government reach into government cell phones? | In a recent [column](_URL_0_), Andrew Napolitano said:
> ...generally, a boss can look at an employee’s cellphone, as long as the employer of the boss and the employee owns the phone -- except when the employer is the government. The Fourth Amendment insulates government employees from governmental reach into its em... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5x5a1s/eli5_how_does_the_fourth_amendment_prevent/ | {
"a_id": [
"defcreg"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Your quote provides the answer.\n\nThe constitution including the bill of rights defines what the government can, and can't, do. (It does not apply directly to private employers, of course.) \n\nYou don't automatically lose rights as a result o... | [] | [
"http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2017/03/02/andrew-napolitano-truth-and-nothing-but-truth-about-leaks.html"
] | [
[]
] | |
2n1fc5 | why, in the event a hurricane or super storm heading for a vulnerable area, can't we launch and detonate explosives within the storm to disperse it? | Of course it would have to be an offshore storm and it should only be done with certain level storms (like Katrina), but I don't see how this would fail to disrupt the energy of the storm, ultimately killing it. Would it just not work? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2n1fc5/eli5_why_in_the_event_a_hurricane_or_super_storm/ | {
"a_id": [
"cm9gg3r",
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"score": [
4,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"I think you've been watching too much Sharknado. It doesn't work that way in real life.\n\nBesides, hurricanes can be hundreds of miles across. There's no way enough explosives could be launched to affe... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4ovy3f | Why is the star in the "star and crescent" symbol of Ottoman Empire/Islam not exactly upright geometrically? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4ovy3f/why_is_the_star_in_the_star_and_crescent_symbol/ | {
"a_id": [
"d4g22w7"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"The design is specified by a 1930s law. The alignment of the star is such that one of the points of the star points directly left. So it's aligned \"exactly\" on a horizontal axis -- relative to the crescent -- rather than a vertical axis. See _U... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/tr.html#con"
]
] | ||
7yc7w5 | what makes soda taste so bad when you leave it out for some time? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7yc7w5/eli5_what_makes_soda_taste_so_bad_when_you_leave/ | {
"a_id": [
"duf8g8j"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It doesn't taste bad at all, you're just losing the carbonation so there isn't that stimulating feeling. If soda was made without carbonation I'm sure there would be a lot less soda drinkers in the world"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1vp06c | why is it worthwhile to separate colors from whites in laundry? | It seems to come out fine if I just run all laundry as colors. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1vp06c/why_is_it_worthwhile_to_separate_colors_from/ | {
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"ceuemai",
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"score": [
2,
5,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"/r/nostupidquestions is better suited for this. \n\nI personally don't bother separating them. But most of my whites are socks or work shirts so they don't really matter to me.",
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2h3wgk | why does peanut butter turn shiny after being spread? | In large clumps it looks matte, but when I spread it on bread, it turns shiny until I wipe over it with a knife again. Why is that? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2h3wgk/eli5_why_does_peanut_butter_turn_shiny_after/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckp5m1f"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The oil is more visible when the peanut butter is spread thin"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2ckbbi | i saw a commercial for a car dealership offering you a car for $88 down and $88 per month even if you have bad or no credit. what's the catch? how can they do this? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ckbbi/eli5_i_saw_a_commercial_for_a_car_dealership/ | {
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16,
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3,
3
],
"text": [
"A guess: Read the fine print. The monthly payment likely goes up after 12 or 24 months. The other guess that I have is that your monthly interest comes to..... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
3qq7lh | Do dissolved solids (I.E. sugar in coffee) have the same volume as their constituents? | I know that a solid like sugar will have a less "efficient" volume due to gaps between each individual crystal, but disregarding that is there any less volume when a solid is dissolved into a liquid? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3qq7lh/do_dissolved_solids_ie_sugar_in_coffee_have_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwhjyso",
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9,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Generally, no. Archimedes does not apply when you're dissolving a solid.\n\nDepending on the nature of coordination in solution, a solid can dissolve and displace more or less volume than the solid woul... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_molar_property"
],
[],
[]
] | |
4zr6oe | When light is reflected off a surface, is that same photon being bounced back or is that photon absorbed and then another one emitted? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4zr6oe/when_light_is_reflected_off_a_surface_is_that/ | {
"a_id": [
"d6y9dt8"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"To the extent I understand it, photons don't have an \"identity\", there is no way to know, and use whatever assumption works for the problem you are solving.\n\nIt is a very unsatisfying answer, but physics has a lot of that."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2eoq3d | - if deadly viruses, like ebola, ultimately kill the host, how do they evolve, or persist to an epidemic level? | I understand that viruses evolve quickly, and that, without immediate quarantine, they can easily spread, but I'm thinking more like a virus in small communities or societies where the hosts die quickly due to lack of medical attention. I suppose my question is more about the survival mechanism of a virus like Ebola or... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2eoq3d/eli5_if_deadly_viruses_like_ebola_ultimately_kill/ | {
"a_id": [
"ck1ho9z",
"ck1ht8l",
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"score": [
3,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"It isn't a good way to spread a virus strain.\n\nThat's precisely why these epidemic diseases kill thousands and then burn out. They massacre their food supply and host by accident and die with them.\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2kma0f | In my high school history classes, the fate of the USS Maine is usually described as a boiler-room accident or a deliberate "false-flag attack" to provoke war with Spain. What is the current academic consensus on the disaster? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2kma0f/in_my_high_school_history_classes_the_fate_of_the/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Just to clarify, you took a high school history class where your instructor referred to it as a \"false fla... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.loc.gov/law/help/usconlaw/pdf/Maine.1898.pdf",
"http://www.iprr.org/reviews/Rickoverreview.html",
"http://www.dcte.udel.edu/hlp/resources/overseas/competing_evidence.pdf"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
bsjszm | why do tech manufacturers region lock their devices? | Like, why can't my 3DS play Japanese games, or my DVD player won't play discs from a different region | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bsjszm/eli5_why_do_tech_manufacturers_region_lock_their/ | {
"a_id": [
"eonrdms",
"eonrg6r"
],
"score": [
2,
7
],
"text": [
"Many reasons. Sometimes they need to lower their price point in order to sell into a poorer market. Sometimes they release content differently in some markets (think, censorship in China, for example). Other times it is easi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5w5jx0 | What are some unsolved problems in Computer Science? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5w5jx0/what_are_some_unsolved_problems_in_computer/ | {
"a_id": [
"de7xi1k",
"de9yvyv",
"debbd2w"
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"score": [
16,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"The biggest and probably the most famous problem is the P-NP problem. It concerns decision problems (problems that can be answered with a \"yes\" or a \"no\"). There are two important classes of decisi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
20i2uw | why did saber-tooth cats have such big fangs? | What purpose would large and unruly teeth have that normal sharp teeth didn't? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/20i2uw/eli5_why_did_sabertooth_cats_have_such_big_fangs/ | {
"a_id": [
"cg3fo74",
"cg3jb8d"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"I'm just guessing here, but maybe it preyed on larger animals. Those fangs would have sunk deep into flesh.",
"No one really know but on of the reason is the instead of going for the throat it bit into the back/spine of ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
7821hc | when people say how fast something in space is moving what reference point are they using? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7821hc/eli5_when_people_say_how_fast_something_in_space/ | {
"a_id": [
"doqdd13",
"doqds9f"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"It is usually going to be with reference to the body that exerts the dominant gravitational force in the region.\n\nThe speed of a probe sent to orbit Europa would first be expressed with reference to the earth, then the sun... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2d66rp | how do countries pay for maternity leave? | I understand that some countries mandate paid maternity leave for their female employees. How does the employer both lose an employee (productivity) for 6 months and pay them at the same time? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2d66rp/eli5_how_do_countries_pay_for_maternity_leave/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjmhc3i",
"cjmi7m8"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"In France it is payed by the Social security (healthcare etc..), not the employer.",
"Everyone says \"taxes\", and that might be true in some countries, but in most cases the right answer is \"insurance\".\n\nEven though... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
48n18i | What is the Eastern Front known as in Russia? | I don't suppose it's as simple as the Western Front? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/48n18i/what_is_the_eastern_front_known_as_in_russia/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0ky8yk"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"This can be a bit confusing, so I will use *italics for Latinized Russian* and **bold for English translations**\n\nIf you're asking about the Eastern Front of WWII, the single massive continuous front (geographic area) is known by Russians as Ве... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://youtu.be/2gZdQ1i312I?t=238"
]
] | |
1bf0m0 | How are new stars born following the death of old stars? Surely all the hydrogen has gone- or the previous star wouldn't have died? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1bf0m0/how_are_new_stars_born_following_the_death_of_old/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9693wj",
"c96aniq",
"c96cql4",
"c96ds8c"
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"score": [
64,
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Stars can only fuse hydrogen (and in the latter stages other elements) in their cores, where the temperature is high enough to start fusion. The vast majority of the hydrogen is o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/323/5915/754.abstract"
]
] | ||
18wsy0 | When did "Right by conquest" stop being a thing? | I read online that countries honored the tradition of "right by conquest," the idea that if a country is conquered then the invading party got it "fair and square," up until about WWI. That doesn't seem right to me, is that true? If not, when did it stop being recognized? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/18wsy0/when_did_right_by_conquest_stop_being_a_thing/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8iow3x"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Actually way later, up until WW2 right by conquest was recognized as international law. \"War of aggression\" as a crime was only codified in the Nuermberg Principles after WW2 and made a UN resolution in 1974 (UN resolution 3314). \n\nThe princi... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5o9cp2 | It is said that Benedict Arnold died wishing to wear his Continental Army uniform, expressing regret at his betrayal. This may be legend, but do we know how he really felt in his later years about what he did, or his attitude towards the United States? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5o9cp2/it_is_said_that_benedict_arnold_died_wishing_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"dchr4qz",
"dci4b9n"
],
"score": [
18,
7
],
"text": [
"Not to discourage further discussion, but see /u/uncovered-history's answer in [this post](_URL_0_). He also addresses the Continental Army uniform question a little further down the comment chain.",
"I answer this exac... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4mjp43/did_benedict_arnold_regret_his_decision_to_join/"
],
[]
] | ||
2slmb0 | What is the relationship between C-reactive proteins and inflammation with depression? | I've been reading up on inflammation and depression, and am really interested in results, but I don't understand how C-reactive proteins affect the brain. Also, are they created in response to an injury, or are they something that is always present in our bloodstream that gets used up after an injury? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2slmb0/what_is_the_relationship_between_creactive/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnr2po6"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Some cytokines can cross/be actively transported across the blood brain barrier. There are also cytokine receptors that stimulate the vagus nerve, providing feedback to the brain. There was a study specifically investigating the use of an anti-in... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4015348/",
"http://i.imgur.com/QJX1zTL.png"
]
] | |
3nnzdf | What Slows a Computer Down? | [deleted] | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3nnzdf/what_slows_a_computer_down/ | {
"a_id": [
"cvpvatj"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"This is a complicated question to answer. \n\nFirst and foremost -- Did you upgrade OS versions in the meantime or are you running the same OS and exact same software as before? \n\nIf you upgraded the OS, then that could be part of the proble... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4x0l22 | Are any mammals as sexually dimorphic as humans? | I think birds can be very different looking but except for humans, it seems to me without checking out genitalia, I can't readily determine sex. Is this because other mammals really do look alike between sexes or simply because I am so familiar with my own species? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4x0l22/are_any_mammals_as_sexually_dimorphic_as_humans/ | {
"a_id": [
"d6bjm0e",
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"d6bwvar",
"d6c1q1d",
"d6c848q"
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"score": [
18,
2,
4,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Male gorillas are over twice the size of female gorillas, probably the largest sexual dimorphism among primates. The big [silverbacks](_URL_0_) you see in zo... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Male_gorilla_in_SF_zoo.jpg"
],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6s9sr2 | how do jets that are taxiing stop and start moving without trying their engines up or down ? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6s9sr2/eli5_how_do_jets_that_are_taxiing_stop_and_start/ | {
"a_id": [
"dlb45y5"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"To get moving again, they DO spin up their engines.... modern high bypass turbofans have ridiculous thrust, just bumping them up a little from idle is enough to get an airliner moving again. To stop, they have brakes. These brakes are ridiculou... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mr4V680UQ-k",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_g6UswiRCF0",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUMuOyMTQ8Y"
]
] | ||
49hvxs | How were crimes by ordinary people punished in Ancient Rome? | You often hear of nobles being exiled or beheaded, or of slaves being crucified. How was a plebeian citizen punished for, let's say, stealing, assault, robbery, etc? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/49hvxs/how_were_crimes_by_ordinary_people_punished_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0s3vs0"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Roman law during the late Republic and most of the Principate made no distinction in punishment between free people of different social rank. By Roman law all Roman citizens were guaranteed the same legal rights, and the only important distinctio... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7awqkp | Can fish see color? And if not, why are they so colorful? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7awqkp/can_fish_see_color_and_if_not_why_are_they_so/ | {
"a_id": [
"dpdn4zk"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"I know for a fact that at least some fish do. Some fish have a trade-off feature where they have a red belly which females finds attractive, but they are more visible to predators. Some marine animals also get their color from their diet, so mayb... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
56c8i2 | How did the heavier metals on Earth end up in the Earth's crust and not all towards the Core? | I was thinking about the Earth. How it's basically a hot ball of matter and the reason we have crusts is because that's the lighter stuff that floated to the top where it cooled. If because of this, the core of the Earth has all the heavy Iron and Nickel, how does some of it end up in the crust where it's so abundant? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/56c8i2/how_did_the_heavier_metals_on_earth_end_up_in_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"d8isgbp"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Here's a [recent post where I answered a very similar question](_URL_0_). Basically it comes down to two things: solubility in different materials (silicates versus metals, which is why there are Uranium ores on the surface of Earth) and meteor b... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/54urja/does_the_earths_mantle_have_the_same_composition/d858dhc"
]
] | |
24j8ur | Was there any indication for a genocide in the Bosnia war from 1992-1995? | I am writing an essay about the genocide in Srebrenica but I can't find any indication that it was predictable. Could you give me your answers and some sources, please?
Thank you! | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/24j8ur/was_there_any_indication_for_a_genocide_in_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"ch7zppe",
"ch80pjs"
],
"score": [
2,
6
],
"text": [
"We're allowing this question despite our 20-year-rule, because the events straddle the 20-year line, and most of the time in OP is in-bounds. But it's particularly important to not let any answers get into current politics,... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/22tgvg/can_someone_explain_the_bosnian_genocide/cgqbsvp",
"http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=hr109-199",
"http://www.icty.org/x/cases/karadzic/cis/en/cis_karadzic_en.pdf",
"http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/91/13685.pdf",
... | |
5j4i0u | How did the Allies supply their armies in France in WWII in 1944 and 1945? | I was doing some reading about the Battle of Brest in WWII during Operation Overlord and it became clear that taking port cities to supply the Allied armies was a key goal, though the article focused on the battles more than the logistics. Which ports handled the bulk of the supply traffic? How did the Allies move enou... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5j4i0u/how_did_the_allies_supply_their_armies_in_france/ | {
"a_id": [
"dbdfua2",
"dbdnj9o"
],
"score": [
2,
9
],
"text": [
"Most of the goods were shipped in to France. By 1944 German Naval power was not what it used to be and while there were still attacks on supply convoys the Allies did a decent job of establishing Naval dominance. As they mov... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.amazon.com/Supplying-War-Logistics-Wallenstein-Patton/dp/0521546575"
],
[
"http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-E-Logistics2/index.html",
"http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-E-Logistics1/index.html"
]
] | |
38xu70 | Was there any study of economics pre-consumerism? | Before consumerism became widespread, was there any study of economics? If so, what was it like? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/38xu70/was_there_any_study_of_economics_preconsumerism/ | {
"a_id": [
"crywzai"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Yes.\n\nConsumerism is generally linked to the rise of industrial production and wasn't a phenomenon (at least outside the upper class) until the late 19th century. Before then you had such figures as Adam Smith, David Hume, Ricardo, Marx, Quesna... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1p0236 | What properties of charcoal cause it to be so useful in absorbing toxic compounds? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1p0236/what_properties_of_charcoal_cause_it_to_be_so/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccxr42n",
"ccxrgqn"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Can anyone actually explain this though! Yes it becomes more porous, yes it has active binding sites. But what is actually occurring here. Are particulates getting trapped? Are aldehyde/ketones groups protonating with partic... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
mgzez | Are Neutrino's really faster than light? | Considering this question is in hot debate right now, and one of the central issues is regarding the ability to accurately synchronize the two ends when trying to time the departure and arrival time of these Neutrinos, why don't they send photons along after the neutrino pulse to use as a means to create a known baseli... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/mgzez/are_neutrinos_really_faster_than_light/ | {
"a_id": [
"c30tvcw",
"c310q1p",
"c30tvcw",
"c310q1p"
],
"score": [
13,
4,
13,
4
],
"text": [
"Because photons are light. To pass from the source to the detector, they are travelling through the earth. Light won't do that.",
"Does anyone know if they compensated for ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
bbrqha | why are there patterns and fractals in nature? | It seems nature is fundamentally a bunch of patterns and fractals. A lot of very similar similarities. Is math based off of nature? Is math independent from nature? Or is nature independent from math? Or do the two coincide with one another? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bbrqha/eli5_why_are_there_patterns_and_fractals_in_nature/ | {
"a_id": [
"ekkypy8",
"eklx1uz"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
" > Why are there patterns and fractals in nature?\n\nPatterns and fractals are just the large scale result of simple repeating behaviors. Suppose you have a stem that will grow for a bit and then split, then those stems gro... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
r2xqn | What was President William McKinley's reasoning for his views on the issue of the annexation of the Philippines? | I'm doing a debate for US history about whether or not to annex the Philippines after the Spanish-American war, and I'm being McKinley. I know what his views were (mostly, I think), but I'm a little unclear as to what exactly his thought process was. Any help would be much appreciated, thanks. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/r2xqn/what_was_president_william_mckinleys_reasoning/ | {
"a_id": [
"c42jjxq",
"c42jntb",
"c42r3ii"
],
"score": [
2,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"The Philippines were important as a strategic outpost in Asia. The US leaders saw China as a market for their goods and they didn't want the European powers to control it alone. Therefore, a base in Asi... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.msc.edu.ph/centennial/benevolent.html"
],
[],
[]
] | |
2cz7h9 | Good books/movies/documentaries/websites/podcasts about Roman British history | I am doing some just-for-fun research on Roman-British history and was looking for some suggestions for good and interesting books, movies, documentaries, websites, and podcasts from r/history. Thanks. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2cz7h9/good_booksmoviesdocumentarieswebsitespodcasts/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjkthhn"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"British History Podcast. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5vd1jm | why do the ends of escalators and moving walkways have the blue or green light that shines through the cracks? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5vd1jm/eli5_why_do_the_ends_of_escalators_and_moving/ | {
"a_id": [
"de179ro"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I may be wrong but I think it's a light from a sensor that stops the escalator, moving sidewalk, etc. when it sees that there is something caught in the treads e.g. a pantleg, or a shoelace "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3yuz02 | will we ever see the national debt start going down or will it keep raising forever? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3yuz02/eli5_will_we_ever_see_the_national_debt_start/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
2,
238,
4,
2,
16,
13,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Basically, it depends:\n\nWill we ever see taxes start going up, or will they keep being... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_public_debt"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
10b41s | What are some examples of small disciplined forces defeating larger forces? | Just looking for some examples of smaller well disciplined forces defeating larger forces. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/10b41s/what_are_some_examples_of_small_disciplined/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6bx9ub",
"c6bxjr3",
"c6bxkwg",
"c6bxuxy",
"c6bxwhw",
"c6bxyog",
"c6byay8",
"c6bycfj",
"c6bygl8",
"c6byjsg",
"c6bz3w8",
"c6bz760",
"c6bz9zd",
"c6bzghb",
"c6bzh9k",
"c6bzk1y",
"c6bztve",
"c6c0zng",
"c6c1jv3",
"c6c2izn",
"c... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Marathon"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Winter_War"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War#Fall_of_Saigon"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Agincourt",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_... | |
201wzc | why some, but not all, acquisition prices are disclosed . | Hey guys,
I'm doing a small research project for school on Google, and I came across [this list of Google's historic acquisitions](_URL_0_).
It's a great resource and I've found it very helpful, but I'm wondering why so few of these acquisitions have the price included.
I've found [this question with two answers... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/201wzc/eli5_why_some_but_not_all_acquisition_prices_are/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfz0dlq",
"cfz0lei"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"In the USA, if a publicly traded company is acquired, the purchase price will have to be reported publicly in reports to the SEC. Acquisition of a private company won't have to be, although if it is bought by a public compa... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Google",
"http://www.quora.com/Ishfaque-Faruk"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
rt9lx | How do you feel about John Brown? Terrorist or freedom fighter? | I'm currently in my undergrad for teaching and I recently stubbled upon the story of John Brown. History has always been an interest of mine and I'm wondering how the historians of reddit feel about this guy. If you have anything to contribute, please let me know. Thank you. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/rt9lx/how_do_you_feel_about_john_brown_terrorist_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"c48nntu",
"c48wpih"
],
"score": [
5,
2
],
"text": [
"He's both technically but in my biased opinion he's a freedom fighter. Though he could have planned the rebellion slightly more I believe, like asking a local slave in the dead of night on what he thought the slaves would do... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1rob7w | how does my computer know how much time is remaining for a program to be installed? | For example when you are installing a program or a game the setup wizard usually tells you how much time there is remaining for the installation to be completed. My questions are: How does it know that? And how come most of the time it is wrong? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1rob7w/eli5_how_does_my_computer_know_how_much_time_is/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdp7t4c"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It's an estimate based on how much data there is left to transfer and how fast it is currently getting done."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3w0cz1 | what does a company do with funds generated from selling stocks? | Help settle an office debate: What does a company do with funds generated from selling stocks? Do these funds literally end up in a company account? Are they used to leverage other sources...? Do they pay for a new factory? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3w0cz1/eli5what_does_a_company_do_with_funds_generated/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxs9uy5",
"cxs9v4b"
],
"score": [
2,
4
],
"text": [
" An IPO (initial public offering) means that the company is raising cash by selling some of its shares to the public. after the IPO, yes the company keeps the money to fund their growth and make investments.",
"The go to... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5224lo | why old film clips, like ones of ww2 almost always seems sped up faster than 1x? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5224lo/eli5_why_old_film_clips_like_ones_of_ww2_almost/ | {
"a_id": [
"d7gqf6k",
"d7h0c64",
"d7h3tfh"
],
"score": [
1012,
4,
34
],
"text": [
"As you probably know, the speed at which motion picture film runs through the camera determines its frame rate, given in frames per second (fps). When run through a projector (which you can think of... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2kmhc5 | why doesn't north america see protests similar in size to other continents and countries? | ie. Hungary and internet protest (40K) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2kmhc5/eli5_why_doesnt_north_america_see_protests/ | {
"a_id": [
"clmotia",
"clmpun3"
],
"score": [
7,
2
],
"text": [
"[We took part in the largest protest in human history](_URL_0_), in 1995 the Million Man March had between 400,000 and 837,000 people, in 1993 the March on Washington for Lesbian, Gay and Bi Equal Rights and Liberation had b... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_15,_2003_anti-war_protest"
],
[]
] | |
8f92pd | What is the best way to determine if an exoplanet is suitable to sustain human life? | Just say in some near future we send out a bunch of probes in various directions to try and find a suitable planet for permanent colonisation down the track. What is the most effective test that can be performed in order to determine with 100% confidence that a planet is suitable for us to live on?
Bonus question: ho... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/8f92pd/what_is_the_best_way_to_determine_if_an_exoplanet/ | {
"a_id": [
"dy1yh3y",
"dy1ytnd"
],
"score": [
6,
6
],
"text": [
"Part of the problem is we have a sample size of 1. Basically impossible to draw hard conclusions from. \n\nOne key metric I've seen talked about is the presence of free oxygen. Oxygen is very reactive, if it is present in la... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4lz6gm | why do dogs like the smell of cheese so much? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4lz6gm/eli5_why_do_dogs_like_the_smell_of_cheese_so_much/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3rbtvg"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Cheese, that is, REAL, unprocessed cheese (although some types of pasteurized cheese included as well,) is naturally very pungent. Cut up a bit of Brie or aged white cheddar and tell me this isn't so. If we humans think cheese is very pungent, im... | [] | [] | [
[]
] |
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