q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
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4w1mxx | Contemporary criticism of the Maginot line? | Given the Maginot line's reputation as some impenetrable defense, it seems strange that it protected all of France's eastern border except the part that Germany already invaded through in the previous war. I understand that Belgium was avowedly neutral, but was there any sense at the time that it was inadequate for the... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4w1mxx/contemporary_criticism_of_the_maginot_line/ | {
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"text": [
"Follow up, how impenetrable was it, really? What sort of attack was it designed to repel?"
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[]
] | |
2zv971 | why do sharks expose their top fins above the surface? | I was watching a documentary on sea lions, and they would see the shark fins and be alerted of there location, what are these fins purpose?
Thnaks | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2zv971/eli5_why_do_sharks_expose_their_top_fins_above/ | {
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"text": [
"Sharks -- most species, anyway -- are true predators. Many of those predators hunt air-breathing species... seals, sea-lions, turtles, etc.\n\nThe shark would prefer to be far below the surface, as it... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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5oe8lw | what are the benefits and drawbacks of having an overvalued or undervalued currency? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5oe8lw/eli5_what_are_the_benefits_and_drawbacks_of/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Overvalued- It's easier to buy imported stuff cos they're cheaper than your domestic stuff. Even though your currency is worth more, theirs is worth the same, so their prices will decrease from your perspective. On the down... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
d2kovo | Was it correct to call the decline of Aboriginals in Australia, a 'genocide'? | Most sources I can find, state that the Aboriginals experienced intentional killings during the white colonisation of Australia. Yet, I have come across a publication called 'The Fabrication of Aboriginal History' by Keith Windshuttle which states that the massacres of the aboriginals were either fake or grossly misint... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/d2kovo/was_it_correct_to_call_the_decline_of_aboriginals/ | {
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"Keith Windschuttle is an amateur historian (at best), who took issue with the term genocide in the Australian context. He did raise some valid points about other historians being sloppy with their fo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ckqjs7/do_historians_have_a_duty_to_inform_the_public_of/ewa7hbb/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9cqyhb/has_a_consensus_formed_today_on_keith/e5cri1o/"
],
[
"https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/map.php",
"h... | |
r5382 | What does the Holy Roman Empire have to do with Ancient Rome, if anything? | Chalk this up to me missing something significant I guess, but is there any connection between the Holy Roman Empire and the Roman Republic/ Empire? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/r5382/what_does_the_holy_roman_empire_have_to_do_with/ | {
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"\"The Holy Roman Empire,\" quipped Voltaire, was \"neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire\"!\n\nThe name was more an invention to legitimate the emperors as emperors, like the old caesars were in the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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"http://www.dancarlin.com/disp.php/hharchive",
"http://www.dancarlin.com/disp.php/hharchive/Show-41---Thor*s-Angels/Dark%20ages-medieval-antiquity"
]
] | |
22frer | How can we know the energy of the universe* is constant? (also Quantum Physics) | Q1:
So I watched this video by Sixty Symbols (_URL_0_) where they explained the Casimir effect and how it implies that black holes should be losing mass.
What caught my attention though is how he says that energy is "created" at the event horizon of the black hole but due to the conservation of energy the energy it *m... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/22frer/how_can_we_know_the_energy_of_the_universe_is/ | {
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"text": [
"1. Energy is not conserved on a cosmic scale. Energy conservation is only a valid assumption for a time-invariant universe. Since our universe is expanding, energy is not conserved.\n\n2. I must say I ... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IRcmqZkGOK4"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3ilvzp | why do european countries have to accept refugees from the middle east and elsewhere? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ilvzp/eli5_why_do_european_countries_have_to_accept/ | {
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"text": [
"Because they have signed (at the very least) the [UN treaty related to status of refugees] (_URL_0_) ([full text] (_URL_1_)). That is, the 1951 convention and the 1967 protocol. All members of the Europ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees",
"http://www.unhcr.org/4ec262df9.html"
],
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"http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/StatusOfRefugees.aspx",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees"
],
[]
] | ||
3sn46b | why do mushrooms taste like meat? | I was feeling adventurous the other day and got mushrooms on my pizza instead of the plain cheese I usually get, and I remarked to my husband that they tasted very meaty. Does anyone know what causes this?
| explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3sn46b/eli5_why_do_mushrooms_taste_like_meat/ | {
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"text": [
"They don't. \n\nMushrooms have a very earthy flavor, which is something that some meats also share, but they in no way actually taste like meat on their own. If you do not often eat meat on pizza that similarity may be what ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
lfrme | blood types. what are all the different types, what's the rarest, who can donate to who, and why can only some donate to others and others can't. | I've always been curious about it! | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/lfrme/eli5_blood_types_what_are_all_the_different_types/ | {
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"OK - I'll give it a go - it's been a few years since I looked at this - you all lemme know how I did....\n\nThe types are: A, B, O and AB. There's also an Rh Positive and Rh negati... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[]
] | |
ccz2kj | Why wouldn't the armies of the 1700s and 1800s use something like armor to stop gunshots? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ccz2kj/why_wouldnt_the_armies_of_the_1700s_and_1800s_use/ | {
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"text": [
"There's always more to be said; while we wait for that, u/WARitter has dealt with this subject previously. [This thread asks](_URL_2_) basically the same question from another direction, and [in this answer](_URL_1_) he expounds further on the di... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5u85fp/how_effective_were_napoleonic_cuirass_at/",
"https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5udybq/how_effective_was_plate_armor_against_musketballs/",
"https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4y2d1k/how_and_why_did_armies_move_from_usin... | ||
2rn1ua | why does the periodic table allow us to predict the properties of other atoms | I realize it probably has something to do with the outer valence shell... Is it shaped the same way? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2rn1ua/eli5_why_does_the_periodic_table_allow_us_to/ | {
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"text": [
"It first started off the other way. That is, scientists noticed that the then-known elements could be arranged in a grid that grouped common behaviors together.\n\nThe table had gaps then, which were predicted to be undiscovered elements. This la... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
8jq5iy | why are foreign language classes and language immersion programs not taught from the most basic perspective (like elementary school)? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8jq5iy/eli5_why_are_foreign_language_classes_and/ | {
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"text": [
"Because the students know how to read and write in their own language.\n\nIn many languages the letter are identical. If you know one alphabet system learning to read another is easier then learning to read the first one.\n\... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
34p91a | Is there a magnetic field created by the quarks in a neutral particle, like the neutron? And if not, why? | since quarks have charge and they constantly move I'd expect them to produce a magnetic field.
| askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/34p91a/is_there_a_magnetic_field_created_by_the_quarks/ | {
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"text": [
"The neutron does have a magnetic dipole moment, as explained [here](_URL_0_) in some detail. The magnetic properties of the neutron are often exploited in neutron scattering to study the structure & dynamics of various materials, perhaps most ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_magnetic_moment",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_spin_echo"
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f1eb7a | Could you actually fall into a black hole ? | As I understand it, time goes faster and faster (in your reference frame) as you approach the speed of light (in the black hole's reference frame) when falling into a black hole, until it eventually gets infinitely fast.
But thanks to Hawkins radiation black holes have finite lifespans, so woudn't the black hole die be... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/f1eb7a/could_you_actually_fall_into_a_black_hole/ | {
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"If you jump into a black hole, you will pass the event horizon and reach the singularity within a finite amount of time. For most stellar sized black holes, this takes a small fraction of a second from your point of view th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1gmqeg | how do all planets become to be near perfect spheres? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1gmqeg/eli5_how_do_all_planets_become_to_be_near_perfect/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"As Carl Sagan once explained in Cosmos: (paraphrasing)\n\nTake a ball of clay (not spherical, just a rough shape) of clay, then put your hand on top and push down, then turn it over and do it to that side, then keep turning it over in different a... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
n3w6o | why don't gas giants solidify? | So, I can only come up with two potential energy sources that can keep them gassy:
- centrifugal force
- internal heating (similar to a sun)
both of those don't really make sense to me, since 1. as far as I know they are (at least some of them) very cold, and while they rotate quicker than earth relative to thei... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/n3w6o/why_dont_gas_giants_solidify/ | {
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"At the temperature they're at, they're gasses.\n\nThere's not a lot of ways to loose heat, besides radiating in space. If you're orbiting a sun there's an influx of heat. These usually balance each other. So temperature shou... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
51hryl | Are invasive species (such as lion fish in the Gulf of Mexico) just natural selection, accelerated by humans introducing species into new environments? | I feel as if humans lowered the barrier for the dominant species to get from point A (where it originally was) to point B (where it's considered an invasive species) but that it might have happened naturally, in the long run. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/51hryl/are_invasive_species_such_as_lion_fish_in_the/ | {
"a_id": [
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"That's doubtful. Lion Fish are a small and very slow moving fish that survive in warm waters down to 300 ft.\n\nIt's very unlikely that one could survive a trip across the Atlantic Ocean from the Indian Ocean through the Sue... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.oregonlive.com/pacific-northwest-news/index.ssf/2013/06/japanese_tsunami_dock_came_bea.html"
]
] | |
2cbwmc | why are we investing billions in fighter jets? shouldn't they be replaced by drones? | NATO, mostly the United States, is investing billions in projects like the F-35 and the F-22, but why? Can't drones in the near future do exactly what fighter jets do now? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2cbwmc/eli5_why_are_we_investing_billions_in_fighter/ | {
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" > near future do exactly what fighter jets do now?\n\nmagical word: near future. they can't do that now. and probably for quite some time they will not be as good as humans.\n\nand second thing, drones... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | |
52trfy | before modern day lawn mowers existed, how were golf courses like st. andrews able to cut & maintain that much land dating back to the late 1700's? | Obviously terrain comes into play as it was a links style course. I've always wondered how they were able to cover, cut and prepare something so massive in area with few tools. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/52trfy/eli5_before_modern_day_lawn_mowers_existed_how/ | {
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"text": [
"Modern mowers were invented in the 1830s.\n\nBefore that, they'd either have peasants go out there and scythe the grass down, or they'd have flocks of sheep graze it down.",
"M... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scythe",
"http://www2.fiskars.com/Products/Gardening-and-Yard-Care/Grass-Shears"
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[
"https://youtu.be/7NfYUEr996A?t=7m9s"
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5t68vm | why does rigor mortis make bodies stiff? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5t68vm/eli5_why_does_rigor_mortis_make_bodies_stiff/ | {
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"text": [
"It has to do with the way your muscles work. The muscles have fibers that extend and contract using the energy of ATP molecules. Those fibers are mainly made up of actin and myosin. They slide along each other to make the movement. But the way it... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
gbce6 | Scholars of Reddit, I'm a junior in college taking BS
Biology. I want to get into stem cell research but I
need to know how to get into the right track. | [](_URL_0_) | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/gbce6/scholars_of_reddit_im_a_junior_in_college_taking/ | {
"a_id": [
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2
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"text": [
"Going to graduate school is pretty much a prerequisite to having a career in biology/medical research. But there are a lot of other things you can do now or before then:\n\nAre you at a research university? If so, there prob... | [] | [
"http://reddit.com"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4kdwis | why would an asteroid collision wipe out life on earth? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4kdwis/eli5_why_would_an_asteroid_collision_wipe_out/ | {
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" > but would it stay there for so long that we would all freeze to death?\n\nYour bigger worry is starving because all the plants have died out due to lack of sunlight. But yes it would stay up there for months AT LEAST.\n\nAssuming you weren't c... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
az0izr | how come when one really needs to go pee, they're completely okay when in any other room, but as soon as they reach the bathroom to relieve themselves, they almost pee their pants? | This never made sense to me, and whenever I try to come up with some definitive scientific answer, I never can! | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/az0izr/eli5_how_come_when_one_really_needs_to_go_pee/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Classical Conditioning. If you ring a bell and then give a dog treat, and continously repeat this process until its engrained in the dog’s brain, then the next time you ring the bell, the dog will automatically salivate. Sa... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
z6mvm | What happened to the alleged cold fusion that Italian Andrea Rossi was working on? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/z6mvm/what_happened_to_the_alleged_cold_fusion_that/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Rossi was, I believe, convicted of fraud. [Take this claim with an entire mine of salt.](_URL_0_)\n\n[edit] the conviction was later reversed. It's still almost certainly a scam.",
"What happened is that Rossi is still... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/46342612/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/fraud-claims-over-e-cat-cold-fusion-machine-heating/"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/search?q=rossi&restrict_sr=on"
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8yuykk | What would a day in the life of Marie Antoinette look like? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8yuykk/what_would_a_day_in_the_life_of_marie_antoinette/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Marie Antoinette's days began with her own semi-public rising ceremony that paralleled the king's *lever*.\n\nUpon waking up around eight, she would be handed a dressing gown, and then take breakfast (little but coffee or hot chocolate) either ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.mimicofmodes.com/2012/09/galerie-des-modes-8e-cahier-1e-figure.html",
"https://www.mfa.org/collections/object/gallerie-des-modes-et-costumes-fran%C3%A7ais-14e-cahier-des-costumes-fran%C3%A7ais-8e-suite-dhabillemens-%C3%A0-la-mode-en-1778-o80-habit-de-cour-de-satin-cerise-312629",
"https://... | ||
40busm | what causes abnormally high jackpots? is is just chance and replication? or are there other mechanisms involved? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/40busm/eli5_what_causes_abnormally_high_jackpots_is_is/ | {
"a_id": [
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2
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"text": [
"As the jackpot rises and it becomes more publicized, more people play, which adds more money to the jackpot. If this continues through several cycles with no winner, they can grow rather dramatically, as we've seen recently ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2k3i17 | why is breakfast the only meal where it's socially acceptable to only eat a dessert? (doughnuts, pancakes, cinnamon rolls, muffins, etc.) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2k3i17/eli5_why_is_breakfast_the_only_meal_where_its/ | {
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3lvx02 | why is the "k" silent? as seen in: knack or knock | the 1st silent "K" | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3lvx02/elif_why_is_the_k_silent_as_seen_in_knack_or_knock/ | {
"a_id": [
"cv9rzps"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"In the 1600s, the K was pronounced. Pilgrims in America said \"kuh-nife\" and \"kuh-nee\" for knife and knee. It died out around then, but spelling had become set,\nSo we kept that. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6xpun7 | Is it hard to be a history professor or a historians? | Hi guys I'm a history major with a minor in Japanese at the cal state San Bernardino. I really love the subject of history I decided to be a history teacher for high school since I was in middle school but since I've been studying more I've fallen in love with history and language more and more. So I said why don't I m... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6xpun7/is_it_hard_to_be_a_history_professor_or_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"dmif28q"
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"This is a question that gets asked with a fair amount of frequency, both here and at /r/askacademia. \n\n[this is a recent thread](_URL_2_) where /u/restricteddata and /u/dire88 explore some of the aspects of the academic job market for history.\... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/608aek/where_should_i_go_to_graduate_school/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/52ejix/monday_methods_youre_gonna_need_a_bigger_boat/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6267u7/will_i_be_able_to_find_a_job_as_a_historian/"... | |
f6ssby | How does this work? | If magma is lava that is under ground, does a volcano spew out magma or lava? When does magma become lava? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/f6ssby/how_does_this_work/ | {
"a_id": [
"fi6uztc"
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"score": [
39
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"text": [
"By definition, melted rock beneath the surface is called magma. Once it erupts, it is called lava. The distinction is largely semantic and done for convenience (i.e. by describing it correctly as either magma or lava, you are conveying extra inf... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabbro",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafic"
]
] | |
m92yt | This might be startlingly ignorant, but: why are sunny days in the winter still cold? | I know the answer is probably absurdly simple, but it's been bugging me. From what I understand of grade school science, it gets cold in the winter due to the Earth tilting away from the sun.
But, whenever someone posts the odious "If the earth was 1 mile closer or farther away from the sun we'd die! Yay God!" there'... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/m92yt/this_might_be_startlingly_ignorant_but_why_are/ | {
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"text": [
"I'm no expert, im not even good at science, but if no one else posts ill give you something to think about:\nI think it might be to do with... ok let me explain.\n\nif you had a fl... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
15jq25 | A question about US colonization | As far as I have learned, New England was colonized by Puritans and other devout religious groups and the south was colonized by more secular businessmen looking for gold and building plantations. So why is it that New England is now more liberal, secular, and progressive while the south is very conservative and religi... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/15jq25/a_question_about_us_colonization/ | {
"a_id": [
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"c7n4nfv",
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"score": [
13,
2,
4,
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"text": [
"You might want to check out David Hackett Fischer's *Albions Seed* which addresses how the different British Isles groups who settled in British North America determined how the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Dissenters",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Bache_(journalist%29)(patriot/abolitionist)"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/us_history#toc_5"
]
] | |
191s2j | When did tourism become a large part of countries incomes? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/191s2j/when_did_tourism_become_a_large_part_of_countries/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8k0l40",
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"score": [
6,
3
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"text": [
"That depends a lot on the country. And where there. \n\nFor example - Austria (where i live) had areas with a vibrant touristic economy starting in the 19th century. Especially areas like semmering (the closest mountains to ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.aguideinvenice.com/en/venice-itineraries-11-18th-Century-Venice.html"
]
] | ||
24k55f | Would it be possible to make a radio which uses a different type of electromagnetic radiation? | Could I make a "radio" which uses visible light for example? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/24k55f/would_it_be_possible_to_make_a_radio_which_uses_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"ch8h4df"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"You can certainly transmit data using visible light - that's what an optical fibre does, after all. However, radio has the advantage that it generally passes through most objects (e.g. walls), and so you don't need line-of-sight to the transmitte... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
8vxgcu | In regards to "nitrogen narcosis", how does the gas we inhale while diving suddenly become narcotic to us at great depths? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/8vxgcu/in_regards_to_nitrogen_narcosis_how_does_the_gas/ | {
"a_id": [
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14
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"text": [
"Most gasses are lipid-soluble, meaning that they can diffuse into fats, which includes cell membranes. At standard pressure, the amount that dissolves into tissue is negligible, but at higher partial pressures that amount ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1qlzhd | if the speed limit isn't actually a hard upper bound, why don't we just post a target speed instead? | Everyone treats it that way anyway... why doesn't the law account for it as such? They could just make it illegal to go more than 10 mph over or under a posted "target speed" and we'd have basically the same system we have now, but it'd be more honest.
Edit: okay, so I understand that it's *technically* a hard upper b... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1qlzhd/eli5_if_the_speed_limit_isnt_actually_a_hard/ | {
"a_id": [
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7,
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"text": [
"I've been pulled over for 26 in a 25. It's up to the cops discretion, and some cops are dicks. The speed limit is a hard upper boundary, but it is up to the individual officer whether to enforce that st... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3l6j48 | What were the role and effectiveness of archers and crossbowmen during the hundred year war? | I could not find any threads who directly asks this question, so then I just ask it myself. I would ask about archery in the world, but that might be a bit broad. I have also read some interesting texts which casts doubt about the english archer myth, but while not supersoldiers, Edward must have had a reason to take t... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3l6j48/what_were_the_role_and_effectiveness_of_archers/ | {
"a_id": [
"cv3ncv7"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"That blog post was written by someone who views themselves as very educated on a topic they don't seem to have read much about. He starts off relatively alright- myth of longbow archers as super soldiers, pointing out the relatively similar comp... | [] | [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1n9piw/did_english_longbowmen_have_significant/",
"https://wapenshaw.wordpress.com/2007/06/02/myth-of-the-longbow/"
] | [
[]
] | |
2hlg62 | what would happen if a queen was carrying a king's son, but the king died. | Would the throne go to the current first-in-line? Or would it go to the unborn son? Would there be a time cut off? How would this vary in different countries?
Edit; Conscious it would vary a lot from one country to another, but any thoughts on what would happen in some prominent monarchies? The UK? Norway? Spain? Thai... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2hlg62/eli5_what_would_happen_if_a_queen_was_carrying_a/ | {
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"cktr0gc",
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"score": [
13,
7,
3
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"text": [
"It would depend on the time and country. Different countries all had different rules of royal succession, and those rules changed over the course of history. \n\nThere is no actual single answer to t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_British_throne",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUY6HGqYweQ"
],
[]
] | |
1kdjs4 | why do contestants on "jeopardy" pick the lowest amount of money questions first? | I have been watching a lot of Jeopardy lately and I can seem to come to a reasonable conclusion to this question please help! | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1kdjs4/eli5_why_do_contestants_on_jeopardy_pick_the/ | {
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"score": [
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15,
2,
3,
3
],
"text": [
"because \"Potent Potables\" is not an immediately obvious topic. If you take a few easy questions first, then you can gauge the rest of the questions in that... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
zibqo | How many vehicles are there on Earth right now that are capable of spaceflight? | As part of a project, I've been looking at moving a large crew of people up to an orbiting space station. I want to look at how long it would take to move them if you used every spaceflight capable vehicle on Earth, but I can't find much information regarding the number of said vehicles, hence my question. It doesn't m... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/zibqo/how_many_vehicles_are_there_on_earth_right_now/ | {
"a_id": [
"c64u2av",
"c64y46a"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"If you don't care about them being human rated, the answer is probably a lot. Russia (and people that contract them for launches) frequently use old ICBMs (e.g. _URL_0_) to launch satellites.",
"When you say \"every spac... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dnepr-1"
],
[]
] | |
im6yl | Can UV light kill fleas? | Can UV light wands like [this](_URL_0_) one really kill fleas or their eggs? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/im6yl/can_uv_light_kill_fleas/ | {
"a_id": [
"c24whzb",
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2,
2
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"text": [
"UV light can kill pretty much anything, if you leave it under the UV long enough. It's used pretty commonly as a disinfectant in labs and hospitals already, though sterilisation cycles are generally min... | [] | [
"http://www.safesolutionsinc.com/UV_Disinfection_Light.htm"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2oq3ul | A finding of life based on what at first appeared to be metabolic activity? | I came across that line in [this](_URL_0_)
"Curiosity does not carry life-detection instruments, in large part because there is no consensus on what such an instrument might be. A finding of life based on what at first appeared to be metabolic activity, detected during the Viking missions of 1977, was so controversial... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2oq3ul/a_finding_of_life_based_on_what_at_first_appeared/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmpuxg2"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"Here's a good article from Wikipedia:\n\n_URL_0_\n\nThe experiment that caused all the controversy was the \"Labeled Release\" one. This incubated Martian soil with a dilute solution of nutrients, each of which had carbon-14 incorporated into it.... | [] | [
"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/09/science/-stronger-signs-of-life-on-mars.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=second-column-region&region=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&_r=0"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_lander_biological_experiments"
]
] | |
6nwehr | Are there any sources for the trial and execution of Socrates that were not written by his students? | Both Plato and Xenophon wrote about the trial of Socrates, but do we have any other sources from outside of his inner-circle? I'm asking because the charges, impiety and corrupting the youth, sound like they could have quite a few interpretations or implications that might not have been communicated by those who most r... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6nwehr/are_there_any_sources_for_the_trial_and_execution/ | {
"a_id": [
"dkcwlrj"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"No, but there is one other primary source on Socrates which focuses on his early life: the playwright Aristophanes.\n\nIt is generally accepted that the three mostly intact sources for the life of Socrates are found by the following authors: Xeno... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/socrates/"
]
] | |
8us02r | How effective was the boomerang as a weapon? | Not sure if this is the right sub for this question, but I was curious about one of histories oldest ranged weapons, the boomerang.
I have seen it can be thrown impressive lengths (160 meters), but have no real idea of the damage it is capable of. The only video I could find of a boomerang actually hitting something w... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8us02r/how_effective_was_the_boomerang_as_a_weapon/ | {
"a_id": [
"e1hw8rm"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"400-500g is a not unusual weight for a boomerang (straight-flying hunting boomerang, rather than a returning boomerang). An experienced thrower can throw such a boomerang at speeds in excess of 20m/s, for kinetic energy of over 100J (translatio... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
a7it01 | i know why animals/humans store fat, but how and why do plants that grow fatty fruits collect and store fat (avocado, coconut, olives, etc)? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a7it01/eli5_i_know_why_animalshumans_store_fat_but_how/ | {
"a_id": [
"ec3b7q9"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"I believe sometimes a fruits/seeds will contain nutrients for making new plants/trees. The growing plant will find it easier to find sustenance\n\nI also believe that sometimes it is to trick animals into eating the seeds and pooping them out far... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4ux4zr | if we were able to remove the brains ability to release dopamine and serotonin, would we be able to feel happiness? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4ux4zr/eli5_if_we_were_able_to_remove_the_brains_ability/ | {
"a_id": [
"d5tkru3"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"Nope, because we'd be dead. While those neurotransmitters do affect mood, they also have other very important functions. For instance, Parkinson's Disease is caused by a loss of dopamine. And serotonin deficiencies often cause babies to just sudd... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
62g508 | why are some features of humans, like hands and skulls, so innately hard to draw? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/62g508/eli5_why_are_some_features_of_humans_like_hands/ | {
"a_id": [
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4,
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"text": [
"Due to the depth and variety of each finger, and the complex curves and angles, hands are relatively difficult to master. It's tricky ensuring everything is totally proportionate. Similarly, heads/faces... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1o5i4m | why are logos and layouts getting simpler? | It seems to me that logos and graphics generally are getting simpler and less colored. It seems that they are throwing away the shadows and losing depth. Why is that?
Examples:
* [Google Logo Evolution](_URL_2_
)
* [Pepsi logo evolution](_URL_0_)
* [Android evolution](_URL_1_) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1o5i4m/eli5_why_are_logos_and_layouts_getting_simpler/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccoxysd",
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"score": [
6,
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],
"text": [
"It's just the current popular style. Flat simple forms are the current \"in \" look, so that's what companies are adopting to seem more relevant. In 5-10 years, odds are good some other basic design trait will be the new fad... | [] | [
"http://cdn.instantshift.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/bcle-14.jpg",
"https://lh3.ggpht.com/-uCxYm4rjpFM/UYkMRpWtYMI/AAAAAAAAel8/XXxkm1rkqMM/s1600/AndroidEvolution-phones.png",
"https://lawlytics.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/uploads/GoogleLogo.jpg"
] | [
[],
[
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Apple_gray_logo.png",
"http://edibleapple.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/original_apple_logo.gif"
]
] | |
4e7gnz | How does a flamethrower prevent the back flow of combustion as it shoots a stream of ignited fuel? | In a flamethrower like [this]( _URL_0_) as the fuel gets shot out of the barrel, it gets ignited creating stream of fire.
I'm assuming the fuel gets ignited after it exits the barrel, cause in the gif, theres no visible flame at the tip of the barrel. But how does the flamethrower prevent the flame from spreading in... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4e7gnz/how_does_a_flamethrower_prevent_the_back_flow_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"d1xptjs",
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"score": [
49,
31
],
"text": [
"This device has no barrel - it's a torch with a two handed grip, plain and simple. Fuel and air mix outside of the fuel hose, which allows combustion. Inside the fuel hose, there is nothing but fuel, so combustion cannot o... | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/mY0TgUA.gifv"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2dpiu9 | Are there any bugs (like moths) who have evolved an 'immunity' to being confused by or drawn to light sources like porch lights? How about predators that started living near lights because of the abundance of food? | I understand such lights have only been around for a relatively short time, but it seems like it'd be such a perfect spot for predation that it'd have some effect on some species' behaviors. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2dpiu9/are_there_any_bugs_like_moths_who_have_evolved_an/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjry33l"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"[Mediterranean Geckos](_URL_0_) , which now live almost exclusively on buildings, have been incredibly successful in spreading around the world. Man made structures offer vertical surfaces and hiding places. But they also often have lights and w... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_house_gecko"
]
] | |
1513sj | If you were somewhere in space where the nearest star was thousands (or millions) of light years away would it be practically pitch black? Could you see your hand in front of your face? | Like the title says could their be locations in space where it is so far from any light source that it is pitch black and you could only see distant stars or galaxies? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1513sj/if_you_were_somewhere_in_space_where_the_nearest/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7iavmp",
"c7iawy5",
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"score": [
8,
6,
2
],
"text": [
"Yes, there are places where it's that dark. In fact, most of the universe is that dark. If you were to suddenly appear somewhere else at a random place in the universe the odds are you would be in a pla... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://eternalbookshelf.wordpress.com/tag/douglas-adams/"
]
] | |
8zptj7 | Why is there no mention of Alexander the Great in the bible? | I find it hard to understand how a man who conquered almost all of the lands in the bible is never mentioned in it. | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8zptj7/why_is_there_no_mention_of_alexander_the_great_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"e2l70kk",
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"score": [
895,
3
],
"text": [
"As far as I know we simply will not have any particular reason to give to that.\n\nNow, [hillsonghoods](_URL_0_) mentions two good points in his post when an answer was removed: (a) there's not one canon (b) the process by... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/user/hillsonghoods",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskBibleScholars"
],
[]
] | |
1gi5ki | Why did the Visigothic and Ostrogothic cultures disappear? Why are there no more ethnic Goths in Europe? | I know that Crimean Gothic was spoken until the 18th Century in parts of the Ukraine, but that still doesn't explain *where they all went*. Genocide? Intermarriage? Cultural assimilation? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1gi5ki/why_did_the_visigothic_and_ostrogothic_cultures/ | {
"a_id": [
"cakhov9",
"cakmrrn"
],
"score": [
32,
19
],
"text": [
"Some of the Visigoths ended up ruling northern spain and parts pf southern france in the Visigothic Kingdom from the fifth through the eighth centuries (AD). They were able to secure this land partly via conquest and par... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
amghw3 | why do devices such as phones take such little time to get to around 80%, and then take ages for the last 20%? | I'm gonna assume this is a result of the rate of charge of the capacitors of the device, as they're an exponential curve.. but I don't know for sure.. because that's a capacitor and they're using batteries.. right?
As a side note, if you only charged it to 80% would it last as long as if you were to charge it to 100%,... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/amghw3/eli5_why_do_devices_such_as_phones_take_such/ | {
"a_id": [
"efm639o"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"The charge stored in a battery when supplied by a constant voltage is exponential, depending on the type. \n\nELI5: you’re at a public pool on a 105° degree day that only lets people in 1 at a time. They are gonna fill that pool up until they’re... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
cwwawq | How popular was classical music versus other songs in their mutual contemporary period? Was it based on class? | In the 1700/1800s how popular was classical music? How did this compare to the songs you might hear at a pub/bar at night or other folk/local music vs Mozart or Chopin?
Who listened to classical music and how did it spread in popularity? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cwwawq/how_popular_was_classical_music_versus_other/ | {
"a_id": [
"eyp8c4f"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"TL;DR:\n\nClassical music is music from the past, but it should not be assumed to be THE music of the past. It was mostly the music of the rich and powerful, and it was composed in specific styles and for specific contexts. Most people never wore... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Chateau_Versailles_Galerie_des_Glaces.jpg/300px-Chateau_Versailles_Galerie_des_Glaces.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Leipzig_Nikolaikirche_BW_2012-09-10_18-11-46.jpg",
"https://blogs.letemps.ch/garry-littman/2019/06... | |
51f6b5 | why does adrenaline in certain circumstances give people super human strength? (being able to lift extremely heavy things off of people, etc.) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/51f6b5/eli5_why_does_adrenaline_in_certain_circumstances/ | {
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"d7brgbx",
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"d7btngf",
"d... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epinephrine"
],
[],
[
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1127537/#__sec7title",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22351379"
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"http://... | ||
1ezdc2 | high gravity beer | What does it mean when a beer is high gravity? Also what does it mean when beginning/ending gravity?
Here is an example of what I'm talking about: _URL_0_ | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ezdc2/eli5_high_gravity_beer/ | {
"a_id": [
"ca59sig"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Did you look at the wikipedia article? \n\n_URL_0_\n\nIt sums it up pretty consicely. \n\nAnyway, gravity refers to the specific gravity (density relative to water). Beers are considered high gravity when the density of the wort (beer before f... | [] | [
"http://www.sierranevada.com/beer/high-altitude/hoptimum-imperial-ipa"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_%28alcoholic_beverage%29"
]
] | |
21zhuq | Does the creation of the electricity used to fuel Tesla cars create just as much pollution as if they were gas powered? | My mom asked me this question and I didn't much have a exact answer for her. Thanks. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/21zhuq/does_the_creation_of_the_electricity_used_to_fuel/ | {
"a_id": [
"cghye3r",
"cghyhx1"
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"score": [
2,
10
],
"text": [
"Like many things, the answer is [it depends](_URL_0_).\n\nThe conclusion of that report is that an electric car has the carbon emissions of a 30 mpg car, *if all the electricity is produced by coal*.\n\nThis is still better... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/clean_vehicles/electric-car-global-warming-emissions-report.pdf"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_electricity_production_from_renewable_sources#States_by_2013_renewable_electricity_production",
"http://www.teslamotors.com/blog/teslas... | |
e8f6th | why did all the mice die in the mouse utopia experiment, as opposed to reaching a stable population | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/e8f6th/eli5_why_did_all_the_mice_die_in_the_mouse_utopia/ | {
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"_URL_0_\n\nIgnore my previous comment if anyone read it, I was very incorrect.\n\nBasically the tl;Dr for OP's question is that overpopulation conditions in animals (such as rats and mice) with social... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral_sink"
],
[],
[]
] | |
4thnjf | what happens when home owner dies and there is a mortgage left? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4thnjf/eli5what_happens_when_home_owner_dies_and_there/ | {
"a_id": [
"d5hdkao",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"There are two options.\n\nOne option is to get the mortgage life insured, which means that you pay a certain fee every month, that, in the event of your death, pays off your mortgage for you.\n\nThe alternative is that the m... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
k8sfa | eli17: what's so great about "the great gatsby"? | I can understand a deep idea in literature because I've seen many, I just can't see one in "The Great Gatsby" | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/k8sfa/eli17_whats_so_great_about_the_great_gatsby/ | {
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"text": [
"The reason its great is because of Jay Gatsby. All the people around him are shallow and materialistic. Jay is the last American dreamer. Fitzgerald sees the 20's as a time when ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1s37mg | What were stationary/notebooks/writing materials like in colonial America? | I'm working on an art/design project based on colonial America, specifically the late 18th century (1750-1800ish). It's essentially a collection of writing materials: notebooks, pens, etc.
I'd like to make the materials as authentic as possible. What would a typical journal or notebook look like during this time? Woul... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1s37mg/what_were_stationarynotebookswriting_materials/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdthiym"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"You might find looking at the [digitized Jefferson papers](_URL_0_) useful. [The Farm Book](_URL_1_) should give you a good idea of what a casual \"journal\" type volume would have looked like. Not much like the Moleskine brand!\n\nWriting implem... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.masshist.org/thomasjeffersonpapers/index.php",
"http://www.masshist.org/thomasjeffersonpapers/cfm/doc.cfm?id=farm_c1&archive=&hi=&mode=lg&noimages=&numrecs=&query=&queryid=&rec=&start=1&tag=&user=",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments... | |
1v62xy | how does pintrest make money? | How does a site like this sustain itself with no ads or subscription fees? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1v62xy/eli5_how_does_pintrest_make_money/ | {
"a_id": [
"cep2j2j"
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"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Investors is a channel where they get to keep the company running. With platforms like these, the norm is to create a solid user(fan) base and improve their services to a point where subscribers have invested enough content and won't mind seeing... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2sxgxl | if i was to travel away from the earth at sub-light speed then travel faster than light for a time, stop and look back at the earth, could i see myself leaving? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2sxgxl/eli5_if_i_was_to_travel_away_from_the_earth_at/ | {
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2,
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"text": [
"If you had a ship the size of a big city you probably could yes. If it was something the size of our current spacecrafts then no. \nFor the same reason not even all the telescopes... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vVKFBaaL4uM"
],
[],
[]
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7fymd0 | how do online rewards sites know you’ve downloaded the app they are offering. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7fymd0/eli5how_do_online_rewards_sites_know_youve/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqfdd1d"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I am not sure about that exact use case (user level tracking), but in general there are a few ways that advertisers use to check which marketing campaign generates more app installs.\n\nOne of the approaches is that the apps have a Tracking SDKs ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
e8euo4 | can phones read your mind? on more than one occasion an ad or something on my phone has aligned with a previous thoughts i’ve had. explain? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/e8euo4/eli5_can_phones_read_your_mind_on_more_than_one/ | {
"a_id": [
"fabbmj3",
"fabc601",
"fabfmwd"
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"score": [
14,
3,
4
],
"text": [
"It's called [Confirmation Bias](_URL_0_). You don't even think about the thousands and thousands of times that you've seen stuff on your phone that had nothing to do with anything you've been thinking... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_bias"
],
[],
[]
] | ||
10zvge | How did Israel justify it's six-day war? | In 1967 Israel launched a surprise attack on Egypt, Syria and Jordan and took the west bank, Gaza, Sinai and the Golan heights.
How was this justified to the UN and the world.
Was this considered "legal" or was it condemned? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/10zvge/how_did_israel_justify_its_sixday_war/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6i25l0"
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"text": [
"Following things build up before the attack:\n\n* Jordan and Egypt started a defense treaty, in late May \n* Egypt blocked the Straits of Tiran for Israel ships (Israel politicians stated before several times that this was a Casus Belli)\n* Egyp... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7349lt | Was Neil Armstrong not the first man on the moon? | Hello historians!
Today in class I mentioned that the first man on the Moon was Neil Armstrong. To my surprise, I was quickly corrected by about half of my classmates (about 10) and the professor, who told me that I was, in fact, wrong; the USSR had actually sent a man to the moon a year before the US. Being a space ne... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7349lt/was_neil_armstrong_not_the_first_man_on_the_moon/ | {
"a_id": [
"dnnpblu"
],
"score": [
135
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"text": [
"Any successful mission to the Moon by the Soviets--even without an EVA--would have been enormous news that Moscow would have trumpeted around the globe. The idea that such a mission could have been kept secret is preposterous: missile launch de... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://fas.org/spp/eprint/lindroos_moon1.htm",
"http://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/index.htm"
]
] | |
4dltbm | how do binary explosives work, and how do they not explode if they are dropped? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4dltbm/eli5_how_do_binary_explosives_work_and_how_do/ | {
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"d1s3l8f",
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"score": [
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3,
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"text": [
"They are explosives that come in two parts. Only combined do they become explosive.\n\nOn their own they are inert.",
"You are probably thinking about tannerite specifically. It just happens to be ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
a08lbz | What is the Arminian Genocide? | What events led up to it?
Why is it a controversial topic internationally?
Who did what? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/a08lbz/what_is_the_arminian_genocide/ | {
"a_id": [
"eafj1rb"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Hi there! Part of your question is, essentially, ‘why didn’t I learn about this’. We’re happy to let the question stand, but there are a variety of reasons why you may find it hard to get a good answer to this question on /r/AskHistorians.\n\nFir... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
423y1c | Why can 2D objects rotate in just 1 axis but 3D objects can rotate in 3? | Rotate in 1 axis as in clockwise and counter-clockwise.
2 - > 1
3 - > 3
??? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/423y1c/why_can_2d_objects_rotate_in_just_1_axis_but_3d/ | {
"a_id": [
"cz7ko85"
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"score": [
29
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"text": [
"The number of rotation generators in D dimensions is D*(D-1)/2. So D=2 gives 1, D=3 gives 3, D=4 gives 6 and so on.\n\nThe rationale is as such: rotations in general shouldn't be though as happening *around* an axis, but *in* a 2D plane. That wi... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
82bl24 | From the 1970s on, many cults are associated with religiously-motivated mass suicide. Why did this develop during the 70s--or was it in fact continuing an older tradition? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/82bl24/from_the_1970s_on_many_cults_are_associated_with/ | {
"a_id": [
"dv9fwa9"
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"score": [
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"text": [
" > From the 1970s on, many cults are associated with religiously-motivated mass suicide. Why did this develop during the 70s--or was it in fact continuing an older tradition?\n\nYour question is really two different, but related, questions. The ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/04-24-BlakeyAffidavit.pdf",
"https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/04-21-Accusation.pdf",
"https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/ConRelflyer.pdf",
"https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=18194",
"http://jonesto... | ||
29b794 | How common was it in Medieval times for people to name their swords? | I've been watching a lot of Game of Thrones, and I thought it was really funny in the scene where Arya says "lots of people name their swords", to which The Hound replied, "lots of cunts".
It got me thinking about exactly how common it was back in the day for people to name their swords. The most I could imagine would... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/29b794/how_common_was_it_in_medieval_times_for_people_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"cij9y1z",
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"score": [
75,
19
],
"text": [
"I recently read \"La Chanson de Roland\" and \"Le Couronnement de Louis/Charroi de Nîmes\" in my medieval french lit. class. In both of those chansons de geste, both dating from the ~10th and ~11th century there are many n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
49jqp9 | How much power, if any, did the Senate still possess in the Byzantine Empire? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/49jqp9/how_much_power_if_any_did_the_senate_still/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0sn7w5"
],
"score": [
34
],
"text": [
"It's hard to say \"during the Empire,\" because of how long the Empire was around. Generally, it just constantly lost power, sort of eventually forming more of a body of dignitaries and advisors than an actual legislative body.\n\nAt least durin... | [] | [] | [
[
"et.al"
]
] | ||
4q287v | how does it come that helicopters are so widely used in military even though they seem so vulnerable? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4q287v/eli5_how_does_it_come_that_helicopters_are_so/ | {
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909,
8,
6,
2,
2,
3,
2,
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J-CATCH"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://i.imgur.com/g5XvgK1.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Westland_apache_wah-64d_longbow_zj206_arp.jpg"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://youtu.be/yr4Xag9-wJE"
]
] | ||
6e3nbh | if dying of old age is not an actual cause of death then could one live indefinitely(not immortal) provided they have enough money and a constant supply of vital body parts to replace with? | I am going to preface this by defining an indefinite life span as being able to avoid all complications that come with age that typically lead to death but one remains vulnerable to physical injury,disease deliberate acts of murder therefore not immortal but at least in theory can live eternally provided they avoid cau... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6e3nbh/eli5_if_dying_of_old_age_is_not_an_actual_cause/ | {
"a_id": [
"di7d5eh",
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"score": [
31,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"No, you couldn't, and the reason is your DNA. Your DNA has bits of blank information on the end of it that are called telomeres. They act as a buffer to prevent damage to your DNA, because every time y... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2v4du2 | crime explosion 1958 to present. | just out of curiosity I recently was looking over crime rates in the U.S. and there seems to be a huge burst of crime beginning in the late 1950's and climbing until the early 1990's. What caused such a dramatic up swing? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2v4du2/crime_explosion_1958_to_present/ | {
"a_id": [
"coeeypm"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I have a degree in Criminal Justice, and criminology is a very vast field with many reasons within that could explain this answer. What type of crime rose specifically? Did some crime rise and some crime fall? Typically, around the holiday sea... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/robbery",
"http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/1995/95sec2.pdf",
"http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/burglary"
]
] | |
1nzkdi | Hello, Historians! My history class is doing a writing assignment about pre-Depression era (1928) America and we need a little help. | Our history professor gave us an assignment to create a newspaper from 1928. We're currently doing research but I was wondering if you all had any cool sources or input that could help us out.
Some topics we are required to cover are:
* Ku Klux Klan/anti-modernity movement
* Harlem Rennaissance
* Consumerism
* Sto... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1nzkdi/hello_historians_my_history_class_is_doing_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccnlik6"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"The Library of Congress has a collection entitled [\"Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, 1921-1929\"](_URL_0_), which contains (among other things) several advertisements of products for sale in the '20s. That will ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/coolhtml/coolhome.html"
]
] | |
5r2vv7 | how is malpractice handled in countries with universal healthcare? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5r2vv7/eli5_how_is_malpractice_handled_in_countries_with/ | {
"a_id": [
"dd40dqk"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It's actually pretty similar to how it's handle in the US. I'm from Canada so I'll talk about our system.\n\nMedical professional have a professional order which regulate their practice. They are the one that choose which professional can or can'... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.markelinternational.com/regions/canada/products-and-expertise/specialist-sectors/professional-liability/medical-malpractice/",
"http://www.cpso.on.ca/"
]
] | ||
3qyb0i | what kind of things does mi6 and the secret service actually do? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3qyb0i/eli5_what_kind_of_things_does_mi6_and_the_secret/ | {
"a_id": [
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2,
5,
3,
32,
8
],
"text": [
"The Secret Service investigates and prosecutes counterfeiters, and protects the president and vice president.",
"MI6 is nothing like the Secret Service. ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
3j7fma | when dogs have so much better ears than us, why isnt their barking hurt them? isnt it extremly loudly for them? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3j7fma/eli5when_dogs_have_so_much_better_ears_than_us/ | {
"a_id": [
"cumwd5f",
"cumwxx1"
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"score": [
7,
2
],
"text": [
"Dogs have better ears means they can pick up sounds too quiet for us to hear or frequencies, it doesn't mean that all sounds they hear are amplified. A dog will hear sounds just as loud as us, but they will also pick up soun... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1472cv | Transition from prehistory to history: emergence of large-scale well organised societies before the invention of writing? | The start of history is usually associated with the emergence of writing, as it greatly increases our understanding about specific events. But it also makes sense to link history to the emergence of well organised societies (e.g. those necessary to manage a large river valley irrigation system), as it is the ambition o... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1472cv/transition_from_prehistory_to_history_emergence/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7af9xt",
"c7afuey",
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"score": [
2,
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Someone specializing in pre-history will give you a more general answer. I can tell you from what I know of Chinese pre-history that we often can tell that some of the big things you mention come about ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://www.jqjacobs.net/andes/andes_prehistory.html",
"http://www.amnh.org/science/divisions/anthro/bio.php?scientist=spencer"
]
] | |
1ckza1 | Was the Reconquista considered more secular or religious at the time? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ckza1/was_the_reconquista_considered_more_secular_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9hoi4h"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I am surprised no one has tackled this yet. This is not my exact area of expertise but I will give it a crack.\n\nFirst we have to ask when was it considered more secular or religious?\n\n > \"There is a corresponding change in the notion of rec... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?gtrack=pthc&ParagraphID=ecf#ecf",
"http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06112004-153006/unrestricted/TWRMastersthesis.pdf",
"http://www.loyno.edu/~history/journal/1996-7/Gibbs.html"
]
] | ||
3fnor8 | why do the southern states have the highest rates of obesity in america? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3fnor8/eli5_why_do_the_southern_states_have_the_highest/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctq9bva",
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"score": [
9,
12
],
"text": [
"Lots of research has found a negative correlation between obesity rates and wealth in the US (as wealth goes up, obesity rates come down). \n\nLooking [here](_URL_0_) you can see that household income (which I know isn't we... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/09/20/article-0-151E5D93000005DC-911_634x467.jpg"
],
[
"http://content.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1909406,00.html"
]
] | ||
6j3isn | what classifies something as a plastic and how can the same type of plastic (e.g polyester) be used from slick, waterproof shirts to fluffy blankets? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6j3isn/eli5_what_classifies_something_as_a_plastic_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"djb8uvt"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Plastics are synthetic or partly synthetic polymeric materials. (Basically materials made from enormously big molecules, compared to other materials.) \n\nAs to why is there a wide range of plastics. Simply because we spent the last century with ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3j9bug | Has an invasive or agriculturally-destructive species ever been intentionally introduced to a rival country, with the intention of causing harm? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3j9bug/has_an_invasive_or_agriculturallydestructive/ | {
"a_id": [
"cunk4qx"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"This does not quite fit the bill of \"rival country\" but in 1989, a self described \"ecoterrorist group\" known only as \"The Breeders\" took credit for the recent infestation of California by medflies, which began destroying crops. Opinion is d... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
12x8bp | is the "fiscal cliff" actually bad for our economic recovery? | I understand that more money will be taken out for taxes, but isn't more funding for the government a good thing (won't it help reduce the debt)? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/12x8bp/is_the_fiscal_cliff_actually_bad_for_our_economic/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6yxszz"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Probably really bad for the economy. \n\nIt does a lot of things all at once. 1- End Bush Era Cuts, 2- Cuts in Defense Spending, 3- End of the payroll tax holiday, 4- Cut in Unemployment Benefits, 5- Cut in Medicare payments to doctors. \n\nA lot... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2i299t | what makes a coach watch or something designer worth so much money? | is it literally people just want to say "this is a designer clothing item".. what even makes something "Designer".. is there any like actual value or like better fabric or something in these designer clothing to make them better? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2i299t/eli5_what_makes_a_coach_watch_or_something/ | {
"a_id": [
"cky5fzw"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"They do tend to be very high quality. That is how they make a name for themselves and then on top of that they have become status symbols and the fact that they are expensive makes them more valuable to some people \n\n\n\"I want people to know/... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
ori40 | Scientists plan on taking the first picture of a black hole. But how? | The field of gravity around a black hole is so immense that it swallows everything in its reach; not even light can escape its grip. For that reason, black holes are just that — they emit no light whatsoever, their “nothingness” blends into the black void of the universe.
So how does one take a picture of something th... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ori40/scientists_plan_on_taking_the_first_picture_of_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3jg9eh",
"c3jgef9",
"c3jgonv",
"c3jhnu0"
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"score": [
9,
3,
7,
2
],
"text": [
"You're correct that black holes emit nothing visible to our cameras. All they mean is that they will take a picture of where the black hole is, not that they will image photons emi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
89odjf | how a ufc fighter can drop 26lbs in 6 days to make weight, then manage to fight the next day? | _URL_0_
Max Holloway is fighting this weekend but he has to drop 26lbs to do make the weight category and he has 6 days to do it. Is it even possible to drop that much weight in 6 days (when you're already pretty lean?).
Even if he does make weight, how could he be in good fighting condition considering the extremes... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/89odjf/eli5_how_a_ufc_fighter_can_drop_26lbs_in_6_days/ | {
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"Your body is mostly water... so if you dehydrate yourself you could lose a lot of weight very rapidly. ",
"Dropping that much weight in such a short time takes an enormous physical toll. An average person would be physi... | [] | [
"https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2018/4/2/17190272/george-lockhart-max-holloway-weight-cut-biggest-ever-featherweight-lightweight-khabib-ufc-223-mma"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3c3w37 | how does a musical score in a film help elicit such specific emotional response in viewers? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3c3w37/eli5_how_does_a_musical_score_in_a_film_help/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It's partially something you learn, partially innate, but it's also the result of a long experience in eliciting emotions through music.\n\nWrt. learning, let's look at Western movies. We were not born with the association of a certain rhythm wit... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4g15z5 | How do we know ice core samples get older as we go deeper? | Obviously it gets older as you get deeper. But how do we know its a linear relationship between age and depth? Couldn't there be events that cause the depth to chance greatly and the age of air trapped in them to be relatively the same age?
Just want to know how they model that? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4g15z5/how_do_we_know_ice_core_samples_get_older_as_we/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The most obvious answer is the older stuff had to freeze to allow the newer stuff to freeze on top of it. \n\nWe can further show this by: Oxygen for example normally exists with 8 protons and neutrons giving O16. It can how... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.iceandclimate.nbi.ku.dk/research/flowofice/densification/",
"http://www.climate.unibe.ch/main/courses/archive/glaciology_fs15/herron_langway80jog.pdf",
"http://clim-past.net/9/1733/2013/cp-9-1733-2013.pdf"
]
] | |
18rxc3 | Physics: How are special relativity, general relativity, and e=mc^2 related to one another? | I have a layman's understanding of all three, but I've never understood how or why they're all related to one anoter. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/18rxc3/physics_how_are_special_relativity_general/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"E=mc^(2) is a result found from special relativity that tells us that mass is a form of energy.\n\nSpecial relativity: The consequence of light having the same speed relative to any observer. Explains how to translate what o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3mrae3 | Synapses are the gaps between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron, correct? So, effectively, synapses are gaps between neurons? In that case, what conducts the travel of neurotransmitters through the synapses, and how is the nervous system held together? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3mrae3/synapses_are_the_gaps_between_the_axon_terminal/ | {
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"text": [
"There are broadly two types of synapses. \n\nThe type you are thinking about are strictly called \"chemical synapses\". Yes, at the simplest level they are very small gaps between two very specialized parts of two neurons. Not just any gap wil... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1rwllc | how hiv is transmitted from a woman to a man | I get that semen and pre-cum enter a woman's body, transferring the virus. But how, exactly, does the virus travel from a woman to a man during sex? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1rwllc/eli5_how_hiv_is_transmitted_from_a_woman_to_a_man/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdrnfzo",
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"score": [
6,
5
],
"text": [
"Blood. Micro cuts in her vagina and micro cuts on your penis.",
"Mucous membranes are permiable. For example, some medications can be absorbed via the muscous membrane under your toungue, some medications (or toxins) can... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3uh99l | From where did Roman legionnaires get their equipment? | God damnit: *Legionnaries
I can find plenty of info about the equipment that Roman legionnaries used throughout the republic and empire but what I've always wondered is how much like a modern military in terms of supply, was the Roman military?
One of the many aspects I and doubtless others find fascinating about the... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3uh99l/from_where_did_roman_legionnaires_get_their/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxewt9l"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The Romans, at least in the late Republic and Empire, had very sophisticated logistics. They had to, they were supporting a large army spread out throughout Europe and North Africa and into Asia. Jonathan Roth's *The Logistics of the Roman Arm... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3937n9 | How much more powerful were the battleships Yamato and Musashi in comparison to other WW2 era battleships? | I know the Japanese battleships Yamato and Musashi were the largest of the war, and I've heard them referred to as super battleships, but I'd like to know how they compared to the battleships of the U.S. fleet.
In other words, what exactly made them super battleships? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3937n9/how_much_more_powerful_were_the_battleships/ | {
"a_id": [
"crzzhr0"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Going off of numbers alone, *Yamato* and her sister *Musashi* are very impressive ships. Their nine [46 cm (18 inch) guns](_URL_3_) were the largest guns to ever be fitted to any class of battleship. In comparison, the Iowa-class battleships, co... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.combinedfleet.com/baddest.htm",
"http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_16-50_mk7.htm",
"Combinedfleet.com",
"http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNJAP_18-45_t94.htm"
]
] | |
43bi62 | what's the advantage of a really long lease (1000s of years) as opposed to actually buying a property? | I ask this because I was reading [this](_URL_0_) article about a library that took out a 10,000 year lease at $1 per annum. That reminded me of the lease Arthur Guinness took on his brewery: 9000 years at £45 per year.
So what would be the benefits of such an arrangement? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/43bi62/eli5_whats_the_advantage_of_a_really_long_lease/ | {
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It's not the buyer's choice. If the property you want is only available leasehold, then you'll have to have it leasehold. It's the seller that decides.",
"A lot of land owned by the government isn't... | [] | [
"http://qz.com/592459/the-secret-world-of-membership-libraries/"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
25r11r | France has detonated over 210 nuclear devices to Britain's 45. Why did France pursue a much more aggressive nuclear testing regime than Britain? | I'm aware that this is borderline breaking the 20 years rule as some of those French nuclear detonations have been in the past 20 years, but the bulk of those detonations were prior to that.
The thread on [American/Soviet nuclear weapons](_URL_0_) yielded this [YouTube video](_URL_1_) (10 min long) breaking down nucle... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/25r11r/france_has_detonated_over_210_nuclear_devices_to/ | {
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"score": [
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"text": [
"A number of reasons really. They didn't sign on to the [Partial Test Ban Treaty](_URL_0_) in 1963, so they wer... | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/25pitx/so_what_was_the_difference_between_usa_and_russia/",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9lquok4Pdk"
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[
"http://www.ctbto.org/nuclear-testing/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing/frances-nuclear-testing-programme/",
"books.google.com"
],
[],
[
"http://www.ssp.navy.mil/fb101/ukssp.shtml",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanguard-class_submarine",
"https://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/uk/doctrine/sdr06/Fa... | |
51bt0b | How does gene therapy/crispr affect every single cell in the body? | Whether its by a viral vector or crispr, I understand how they alter DNA but I don't know how they manage to get delivered to every cell. If one cell is altered, does the genome of every cell change? What exactly happens? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/51bt0b/how_does_gene_therapycrispr_affect_every_single/ | {
"a_id": [
"d7b0hry"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"They don't. Getting CRISPR to the right tissue is a completely separate problem, and it's not solved right now. Until it is, CRISPR has research value but not therapeutic value. \n\nDelivering CRISPR to a single cell changes that cell and cells c... | [] | [] | [
[]
] |
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