id stringlengths 11 14 | sentence1 stringlengths 20 168 | sentence2 stringlengths 55 19.2k | label stringclasses 2
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converted_4070 | Is there a role for Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) in prostate cancer? | Dickkopf-1 Can Lead to Immune Evasion in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer., Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with low androgen receptor (AR) and without neuroendocrine signaling, termed double-negative prostate cancer (DNPC), is increasingly prevalent in patients treated with AR si... | yes |
converted_1535 | Are immune cells affected in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? | Therapeutic immunization of mSOD1 mice with a myelin-derived peptide led to CP activation, and was followed by the accumulation of immunoregulatory cells, including IL-10-producing monocyte-derived macrophages and Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells, and elevation of the neurotrophic factors IGF-1 and GDNF in the diseased spin... | yes |
converted_2256 | Is tretinoin effective for photoaging? | Background. Tretinoin has been shown to improve photoaged skin. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a 5% retinoic acid peel combined with microdermabrasion for facial photoaging., .Conclusion. This study demonstrated that 5% retinoic acid peel cream combined with microdermabrasion was s... | yes |
converted_1182 | Is macroautophagy a selective degradation process? | Selective autophagy, Macroautophagy (autophagy) is a bulk degradation system for cytoplasmic components and is ubiquitously found in eukaryotic cells, Here we show that selective autophagy downregulates Ty1 transposition, We propose that selective autophagy safeguards genome integrity against excessive insertional muta... | yes |
converted_2562 | Is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis caused by the Measles vaccine? | Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a potentially fatal complication of measles. , Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a fatal complication of measles. We reviewed California cases from 1998-2015 to understand risk f, Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis should be eliminated by measles vaccination, T... | no |
converted_3263 | Are astrocytes part of the blood brain barrier? | The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a tight boundary formed between endothelial cells and astrocytes, which separates and protects brain from most pathogens as well as neural toxins in circulation., The blood-brain barrier (BBB) consists of endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes embedded in basal lamina (BL).[SEP] | yes |
converted_3379 | Is NicVAX vaccine effective for smoking cessation? | CONCLUSION: The nicotine vaccine, NicVAX, does not appear to improve the chances of stopping smoking when given in addition to varenicline and behavioural support., First efficacy results of the nicotine vaccine 3'-AmNic-rEPA (NicVAX) showed that only a subgroup of the top 30% antibody responders achieved higher absti... | no |
converted_665 | Has overexpression of sirtuins been reported to increase lifespan in budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)? | In addition, Sir2 overexpression prevents Rif1 deletion from disrupting Sir2 at IGS1 and shortening lifespan. , Roles for sirtuin proteins at telomeres are thought to promote lifespan in yeast and mammals., Overexpression of sirtuins (NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylases) has been reported to increase lifespan in budd... | yes |
converted_3444 | Does ProSavin use an adenoviral vector? | Long-Term Follow-Up of a Phase I/II Study of ProSavin, a Lentiviral Vector Gene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease., ProSavin, a lentiviral vector based gene therapy that delivers local and continuous dopamine, was previously shown to be well tolerated in a Phase I/II first-in-human study, with significant improvements in... | no |
converted_815 | Is indicated the use of antioxidant supplements in patients at risk for coronary artery disease? | We and others have published observational epidemiologic studies in support of vitamins in the primary prevention of CVD, but the results from intervention studies are mixed., For vitamin E, observational data suggest benefit at doses of 100 to 400 IU/d. Results from recent large-scale trials are mixed, with some showi... | no |
converted_790 | Is recommended the use of perioperative treatment with thyroid hormone therapy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting? | Short duration postoperative iv T(3) therapy increases cardiac index and does not alter mortality., We conclude that although widespread interest has been shown on the use of thyroid hormones in the perioperative period, and the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on thyroid hormone metabolism widely studied, there is no ... | no |
converted_4559 | Is there an association between pyostomatitis vegetans and Crohn's disease? | Among the main oral manifestations of IBD are cobblestoning of the oral mucosa, labial swellings with vertical fissures, pyostomatitis vegetans, angular cheilitis, perioral erythema, and glossitis. , Pyostomatitis Vegetans: A Clue for Diagnosis of Silent Crohn's Disease., We present a case of Pyostomatitis vegetans inv... | yes |
converted_1226 | Are there interactomes available for POU5F1 and SOX2? | The interactomes of POU5F1 and SOX2 enhancers in human embryonic stem cells., We assayed long-range chromosomal interactions on putative enhancers of POU5F1 and SOX2 genes in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) using 4C-Seq technique. We discovered that their frequent interacting regions mainly overlap with early DNA re... | yes |
converted_4273 | Is tofacitinib a JAK inhibitor? | The Janus Kinase inhibitor tofacitinib impacts human dendritic cell differentiation and favours M1 macrophage development., Tofacitinib, a small JAK inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of RA and has demonstrated good efficacy in psoriasis phase III clinical trials. [SEP] | yes |
converted_3580 | Can discharge destinations be accurately predicted using the Risk Assessment and Prediction Tool (RAPT)? | CONCLUSION: Our analysis identified age, lower lumbar/lumbosacral surgery, and RAPT walk score as independent predictors of discharge to SNF, and demonstrated superior predictive power compared with the total RAPT Score when combined in a novel grading scale. , PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value o... | yes |
converted_1394 | Are shadow enhancers associated with development? | Critical developmental control genes sometimes contain "shadow" enhancers that can be located in remote positions, including the introns of neighboring genes, These results suggest that shadow enhancers represent a novel mechanism of canalization whereby complex developmental processes "bring about one definite end-res... | yes |
converted_2150 | Is skin color affected by variations of the SLC24A5 gene? | the alleles of single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs1426654 and rs1834640 (SLC24A5) associated with light skin pigmentation in Eurasian populati, Associations between five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) known to play a role in pigmentation (rs1426654-SLC24A5, rs1042602-TYR, rs16891982-SLC45A2, rs6058017-ASIP, and ... | yes |
converted_860 | Is hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents a hallmark of Fanconi anemia? | The Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex plays a central role in the DNA damage response network, FAAP100-deficient cells display hallmark features of FA cells, including defective FANCD2 monoubiquitination, hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents, and genomic instability., Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorde... | yes |
converted_908 | Is miR-126 involved in heart failure? | he miRNAs miR-126 and miR-508-5p are associated with the outcome of ICM and NICM patients with CHF. These two miRNAs could be useful in the diagnosis of CHF patients, and might provide novel targets for prevention and treatment of CHF., The plasma concentration of miR-126 was negatively correlated with age and NYHA cla... | yes |
converted_773 | Is corpus callosum involved in the Mowat–Wilson syndrome? | The syndrome is characterized by typical facial features, moderate-to-severe mental retardation, epilepsy and variable congenital malformations, including Hirschsprung disease, genital anomalies, congenital heart disease, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and eye defects. , Mowat-Wilson syndrome in a fetus with antenat... | yes |
converted_2782 | Can breastfeeding confer protection from type I diabetes? | In the neonate and infant, among other benefits, lactation confers protection from future both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.[SEP] | yes |
converted_1962 | Do normal cells express the protein TERT? | Since telomerase has been recognized as a relevant factor distinguishing cancer cells from normal cells, it has become a very promising target for anti-cancer therapy, Telomerase plays a pivotal role in cellular immortality and tumorigenesis. Its activity is normally not detectable in most somatic cells while it is rea... | no |
converted_1071 | Are there any specific antidotes for dabigatran? | Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs)--apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban--have a significantly smaller risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, two facts make this situation complicated: First, the risk of hematoma expansion is unknown for NOACs. Second, there is no specific antidote for neither of the NOACs. ,... | no |
converted_3649 | Is SATB1 expressed in thymocytes? | A thymocyte factor SATB1 suppresses transcription of stably integrated matrix-attachment region-linked reporter genes., SATB1 is a homeodomain protein and is predominantly expressed in thymocytes. , SATB1 is a cell-type specific nuclear protein that recruits chromatin-remodeling factors and regulates numerous genes dur... | yes |
converted_4168 | Are enhancers directional in their targeting of gene promoters? | Novel bi-directional duplex promoters (BDDP) were constructed by placing two identical core promoters divergently on both upstream and downstream sides of their duplicated enhancer elements., These promoters initiate transcription in opposite directions and are separated only by a short enhancer region, which is likely... | no |
converted_1187 | Is there any link between conserved noncoding elements and alternative splicing in vertebrates? | Some of the most highly conserved sequences occur in genes encoding RNA binding proteins, particularly the RNA splicing-associated SR genes. Differences in sequence conservation between plants and animals are likely to reflect differences in the biology of the organisms, with plants being much more able to tolerate gen... | yes |
converted_3432 | Is Dexmecamylamine effective for depression? | At treatment end, no significant differences were seen for change in MADRS total score with TC-5214 versus placebo. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in any of the secondary endpoints. , TC-5214 (dexmecamylamine) is a nicotinic channel modulator that has previously been evaluated for treatment of major... | no |
converted_4219 | Can thiotepa be recommended for treatment of osteosarcoma? | CONCLUSION: Adjuvant HDTp failed to significantly improve OS and PFS in resectable relapsed osteosarcomas. Despite a trend of prolonged survival and an acceptable toxicity, thiotepa cannot be recommended.KEY MESSAGE: HDTp and autologous transplantation added to SCT did not improve OS and PFS in patients with resectable... | no |
converted_3052 | Is Netrin-1 a secreted protein? | The axon guidance cues netrin-1 is a secreted protein overexpressed in many different cancer tissues, Netrin-1 is a secreted protein that directs long-range axon guidance during early stages of neural circuit formation and continues to be expressed in the mammalian forebrain during the postnatal period of peak synapse ... | yes |
converted_1297 | Is micro RNA 1 (miR-1) implicated in cardiac arrhythmias? | Dysfunction of the gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43), an established miR-1 target, during cardiac hypertrophy leads to ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT)., miR-1 overexpression may contribute to the increased susceptibility of the heart to AVB, which provides us novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underly... | yes |
converted_1122 | Is there evidence for somatic mosaicism in Tuberous Sclerosis? | There are several case reports of solitary SEGA without any other manifestations of TSC. Usually these cases are thought to be forme fruste of TSC due to somatic mosaicism., Female germline mosaicism in tuberous sclerosis confirmed by molecular genetic analysis, This is the first case of germline mosaicism in tuberous ... | yes |
converted_1981 | Does the hERG gene code for a protein which is part of a sodium channel? | The human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG 1a) potassium channel is critical for cardiac repolarization, Human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels conduct delayed rectifier K(+) current. , The KvLQT1 and minK genes code the slowly activating, delayed rectifier (Iks) potassium channel, the HERG gene code the rap... | no |
converted_4125 | Is vocimagene amiretrorepvec effective for glioblastoma? | CONCLUSIONS: These results support an immune-related mechanism of action for Toca 511 and Toca FC, and suggest that molecular and immunologic signatures are related to clinical benefit from treatment., The median OS was 11.10 months for the Toca 511/FC group and 12.22 months for the control group (hazard ratio, 1.06; 9... | no |
converted_4439 | Are circular RNAs implicated in diseases of the eye? | n this review, we summarized the function of circRNAs and indicated their roles in the pathogenesis of DR, which may provide new therapeutic targets for clinical treatment., This study aimed to determine whether circular RNAs (circRNAs) in whole blood could be served as novel non-invasive biomarkers for proliferative d... | yes |
converted_3186 | Are there any anti-amyloid antibody approved as drug for Alzheimer's disease treatment? | Treatment with memantine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist which is an approved drug for treatment of Alzheimer's disease, rescued protein phosphatase-2A activity by decreasing its demethylation at Leu309 selectively and attenuated Alzheimer's disease-like pathology and cognitive impairment in adeno-associated... | no |
converted_878 | Is dichlorphenamide effective for periodic paralysis? | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acetazolamide and dichlorphenamide are carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors effective in the clinical condition of hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP)., In one study dichlorphenamide (DCP) vs placebo was tested in two groups of participants: 42 with hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) and ... | yes |
converted_1594 | Is Tuberous Sclerosis a genetic disease? | Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease, Tuberous sclerosis is a rare genetic disease, Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disease, Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease, The disease is caused by mutational inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene tuberous sclerosis ... | yes |
converted_4352 | Does atemoya juice inhibit tye CYP3A4 enzyme? | Atemoya juice significantly inhibited CYP1A2 activity in human liver microsomes, but not the activities of CYP2C9 and CYP3A.[SEP] | no |
converted_3309 | Is induction of interferon by TLR7 higher in males? | ur results suggest that variations of TLR7 impair the immune response to HCV and imply a gender-specific effect of this X-chromosomal variation., The c.32A>T variation was over-represented in female patients with chronic HCV-infection compared to patients with other chronic liver diseases and to healthy controls (P < 0... | yes |
converted_4546 | Is METTL1 overexpression associated with better patient survival? | Here we find METTL1 is frequently amplified and overexpressed in cancers and is associated with poor patient survival. METTL1 depletion causes decreased abundance of m7G-modified tRNAs and altered cell cycle and inhibits oncogenicity. Conversely, METTL1 overexpression induces oncogenic cell transformation and cancer. ... | no |
converted_4610 | Do RNA binding Proteins that bind to adenine uridine (AU)-rich elements (AREs) in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs (AU-RBPs) regulate the DNA Damage Response? | We investigated 2 mRNA-binding proteins - HuR and TIAR showing specificity to AU-Rich Element (ARE) sites in 3'UTR of mRNA., Bioinformatics analysis of the human SOD1 mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) demonstrated the presence of HuD binding adenine-uridine (AU)-rich instability-conferring elements (AREs)., We found... | no |
converted_2372 | Is there any linear-time and linear-space algorithm for the computation of avoided words in biological sequences? | The systematic search for avoided words is particularly useful for biological sequence analysis. We present a linear-time and linear-space algorithm for the computation of avoided words of lengthkin a given sequencex. We suggest a modification to this algorithm so that it computes all avoided words ofx, irrespective of... | yes |
converted_2902 | Is lithium effective for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? | In terms of disease-modifying treatment options, several drugs such as dexpramipexole, pioglitazone, lithium, and many others have been tested in large multicenter trials, albeit with disappointing results., Despite several positive case reports and short studies, further controlled researches have failed to substantia... | no |
converted_1395 | Does prudent diet reduce cardiovascular risk? | Using this approach, large prospective studies have reported reductions in CVD risk ranging from 10 to 60% in groups whose diets can be variously classified as ‘Healthy’, ‘Prudent’, Mediterranean’ or ‘DASH compliant’., Our findings suggest that a heart healthy dietary pattern is associated with moderately reduced risk ... | yes |
converted_3540 | Is TIM-3 a target for cancer immunotherapy in NSCLC? | Our results imply that implementing combined treatment on CIK cells before transfusion via antibodies targeting PD-L1, LAG-3, TIM-3, and CEACAM-1 might improve the efficiency of CIK therapy for NSCLC patients., Furthermore, TIM-3 and CEACAM1 were strongly expressed simultaneously during long-term CIK culture and showe... | yes |
converted_3373 | Is the drug Exubera currently (March 2020) available? | Despite discontinuation of the first inhalable insulin, Exubera®, due to suboptimal market acceptance, development of orally inhaled insulin delivery systems has been galvanized by the recent approval of Afrezza® and several others awaiting approval.[SEP] | no |
converted_475 | Can venlafaxine block NET and SERT? | Treatment for 14 days with 70 mg/kg per day venlafaxine, which inhibits both the NET and SERT, or 10 mg/kg per day phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, produced antidepressant-like effects on behavior without altering NET or SERT expression., Venlafaxine blocks both serotonin and norepinephrine transporters (SERT... | yes |
converted_969 | Are Sidekick proteins members of the immunoglobulin superfamily? | Here we show that four closely related immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) adhesion molecules--Dscam (Down's syndrome cell adhesion molecule), DscamL (refs 6-9), Sidekick-1 and Sidekick-2, Sidekick-1, a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is up-regulated in glomerular podocytes in the collapsing glo... | yes |
converted_51 | Is peripheral neuroepithelioma related to Ewing sarcoma? | The term "small round-cell tumor" describes a group of highly aggressive malignant tumors composed of relatively small and monotonous undifferentiated cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios. This group includes Ewing's sarcoma (ES), peripheral neuroepithelioma (aka, primitive neuroectodermal tumor or extraskelet... | yes |
converted_2436 | Is CREB a key memory protein? | Human cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) transcription factor which plays a crucial role in memory, The activated CREB is implicated in the regulation of development, protection, learning, memory and plasticity in the nerve system. , A mouse genetic study showed that cAMP-responsive element-binding prot... | yes |
converted_957 | Is selenium deficiency involved in autoimmune thyroid disease? | In areas with severe selenium deficiency higher incidence of thyroiditis has been reported due to a decreased activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase enzyme within thyroid cells, Of 30 patients in the selenium treated group, 6 patients were overtly hypothyroid, 15 were subclinical hypothyroid, 6 were euth... | yes |
converted_3340 | Is MLL3 part of the ASCOM complex? | MLL3 as part of ASCOM complex, MLL3 as part of activating signal cointegrator-2 -containing complex (ASCOM)[SEP] | yes |
converted_4138 | Is methotrexate used for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)? | The use of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis., Historical perspective on the use of methotrexate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis., Aminopterin, a folic acid analogue was first reported in 1948 to produce temporary remission of acute leukemia of children, was also reported in 1951 to produce an important an... | yes |
converted_15 | Is the monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab (Herceptin) of potential use in the treatment of prostate cancer? | Herceptin is widely used in treating Her2-overexpressing breast cancer. However, the application of Herceptin in prostate cancer is still controversial., Our data demonstrate that Re-188-labeled Herceptin effectively inhibited the growth of DU145 cells compared to the Herceptin- and Re-188-treated cohorts. This implies... | yes |
converted_3132 | Can you computationally predict Molecular Recognition Features (MoRFs) regions in Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs)? | Predicting Functions of Disordered Proteins with MoRFpred., Intrinsically disordered proteins and regions are involved in a wide range of cellular functions, and they often facilitate protein-protein interactions. Molecular recognition features (MoRFs) are segments of intrinsically disordered regions that bind to partn... | yes |
converted_1674 | Has field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology been used to solve sequence alignment problems? | A linear error model for the raw intensity data and Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) based alignment are combined utilizing a Bayesian score function, which is then globally optimized over all possible genomic locations using an efficient branch-and-bound approach. The algorithm has been implemented in soft- and hardwar... | yes |
converted_2067 | Can glyburide reduce cerebral edema? | Preclinical studies have shown that a continuous infusion of glyburide blocks edema formation and improves outcome. We hypothesize that treatment with RP-1127 (Glyburide for Injection) reduces formation of brain edema in patients after large anterior circulation infarction., CONCLUSIONS: GAMES-RP was designed to provid... | yes |
converted_274 | Is single-cell analysis (SCA) possible in proteomics? | Toward Single Cell Analysis by Plume Collimation in Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry., he advent of proteomics and genomics at a single-cell level has set the basis for an outstanding improvement in analytical technology and data acquisition., The new-generation technology of single-cell analysi... | no |
converted_3931 | Is cadherin a plasma membrane marker? | the plasma membrane-bound E-cadherin protein, VE-cadherin protein levels were also increased in the plasma membrane fraction. , recycling of VE-cadherin to the plasma membrane,, E-cadherin, a central component of the adherens junction (AJ), is a single-pass transmembrane protein [SEP] | yes |
converted_1613 | Do plant genomes contain CpG islands? | This study represents the first systematic genome-scale analysis of DNA curvature, CpG islands and tandem repeats at the DNA sequence level in plant genomes, and finds that not all of the chromosomes in plants follow the same rules common to other eukaryote organisms, suggesting that some of these genomic properties mi... | yes |
converted_3226 | Is myc a tumour suppressor gene? | oncogenic Myc, a master transcription factor that turns on anabolic metabolism to promote cell growth in many cancers. , he MYC oncogene, the proto-oncogene protein c-MYC, however, other genes such as the proto-oncogene c-Myc are promising targets for anticancer therapy[SEP] | no |
converted_3256 | Is ACE2 expressed on cell surfaces? | Recent studies reported that shedding of the enzymatically active ectodomain of ACE2 from the cell surface, ACE2 is a type 1 integral membrane protein and contains a catalytically active ectodomain that can be shed from the cell surface into the extracellular space,[SEP] | yes |
converted_2264 | Does deflazacort have more side effects than prednisone? | Though Deflazacort and prednisone improve clinical endpoints in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, Deflazacort produces fewer side effects.[SEP] | no |
converted_994 | Is DNA methylation an epigenetic modification of chromatin related to gene expression? | DNA methylation is a chemical modification of DNA involved in the regulation of gene expression by controlling the access to the DNA sequence. , Epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation play important biological roles in gene expression regulation and cellular differentiation during development., DNA methylation patter... | yes |
converted_1817 | Is SUMOylation a post-translational modification in eukaryotes? | SUMOylation, the conjugation of target proteins with SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier), is a type of post-translational modification in eukaryotes and involves the sequential action of activation (E1), conjugation (E2) and ligation (E3) enzymes. , Plants have evolved to cope with changing environmental conditions... | yes |
converted_524 | Is the protein β1-integrin recycled? | Pathways selectively regulating β1-integrin recycling are implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis,, integrin-positive early and recycling endosomes , LPA-induced recycling of β1 integrin,, RCP-mediated recycling of α5β1 integrin , CycD1 overexpression increased β1 integrin recycling , inhibition of autophagy slowe... | yes |
converted_691 | Do lincRNAs play a role in human cancer? | Long non-coding RNA H19 increases bladder cancer metastasis, These data suggest that upregulated H19 enhances bladder cancer metastasis by associating with EZH2 and inhibiting E-cad expression, lncRNA H19 is essential for human tumor growth, Previous reports have demonstrated that HOTAIR associates with chromatin modif... | yes |
converted_1910 | Could plasmepsins be used as targets for developing anti-malaria drugs? | Fighting malaria: structure-guided discovery of nonpeptidomimetic plasmepsin inhibitors., Given that the parasite needs the resulting amino acid building blocks for its growth and development, plasmepsins are an important antimalarial drug target. , Due to early crystallographic evidence, plasmepsin II (Plm II) emerged... | yes |
converted_3563 | Are genes that escape X-chromosome inactivation related to mental impairment? | Mutation screening of the MECP2 gene in a large cohort of 613 fragile-X negative patients with mental retardation., The first one, the double nucleotide substitution c.1162_1163delinsTA leading to a premature stop codon (p.Pro388X) was found in a female patient with random X-inactivation, presenting with borderline men... | yes |
converted_848 | Is there a pharmacogenetic test for trastuzumab? | The clinical need for novel approaches to improve drug therapy derives from the high rate of adverse reactions to drugs and their lack of efficacy in many individuals that may be predicted by pharmacogenetic testing., the assessment of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2) expression for trastuzumab therap... | yes |
converted_4331 | Are Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) synthesized by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases from arachidonic acid? | Biologically active epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) regioisomers are synthesized from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases of endothelial, myocardial, and renal tubular cells., epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), synthesized by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases from arachidonic acid. , Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EE... | yes |
converted_3753 | Is Bcl-2-like protein 1 an pro apoptotic protein? | Extensively established key effectors of such apoptotic bypass mechanisms, the antiapoptotic BCL-2 (apoptosis regulator BCL-2) proteins, determine the response of cancer cells to chemotherapeutics, decreasing the expression of anti-apoptotic factors, including apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 and Bcl-2-like protein 1 in FaDu ... | no |
converted_516 | Is there an association between TERT promoter mutation and survival of glioma patients? | Mutations lead to TERT upregulation and are associated with aggressive clinical behavior in glioblastomas., Kaplan-Meier's survival analysis showed that TERT promoter mutation (P=0.037), Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation (P<0.001), and 1p/19q codeletion (P<0.001) were associated with favorable overall survival (O... | yes |
converted_2619 | Does SARM1 deletion cause neurodegeneration? | Finally, using neurons from two distinct mutant mouse strains whose axons are highly resistant to neurodegeneration (Wld(S) and Sarm1(-/-)), we found that the three different fibrils were secreted by axons after anterograde transport, in the absence of axonal lysis, indicating that trans-neuronal spread can occur in in... | no |
converted_298 | Can a given genotype exhibit opposite fitness effects (beneficial and detrimental) within the same environment? | Mutations beneficial in one environment may cause costs in different environments, resulting in antagonistic pleiotropy. Here, we describe a novel form of antagonistic pleiotropy that operates even within the same environment, where benefits and deleterious effects exhibit themselves at different growth rates., The hfq... | yes |
converted_4165 | Is belimumab effective for the lupus nephritis? | Long-term effects of combined B-cell immunomodulation with rituximab and belimumab in severe, refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: 2-year results., CONCLUSIONS: Combined B-cell targeted therapy with RTX and BLM prevented full B-cell repopulation including DN B cells, with concomitant specific reduction of SLE-relev... | yes |
converted_3056 | As of Feb 2019, are major brain gangliosides a target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease? | An understanding of the mechanism on the interaction of GM1 and Aβs in AD may contribute to the development of new neuroregenerative therapies for this disorder., Abnormal ganglioside metabolism also may occur in AD brains, Continuous intraventricular infusion of GM1 has recently been shown to have a significant benefi... | yes |
converted_4321 | Unlike DNA, RNA is not methylated, yes or no? | Mapping the position and quantifying the level of 5-methylcytosine (m5C) as a modification in different types of cellular RNA is an important objective in the field of epitranscriptomics., N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification on messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ... | no |
converted_2449 | Is cilengitide effective for treatment of glioblastoma? | RESULTS: fourteen randomized clinical trials were identified (7 with bevacizumab, 2 cilengitide, 1 enzastaurin, 1 dasatinib, 1 vandetanib, 1 temsirolimus, 1 cediranib) including 4330 patients. Antiangiogenic drugs showed no improvement in overall survival with a pooled HR of 1.00, a trend for an inferior outcome, in te... | no |
converted_4600 | Is NfL (neurofilament light chain) a biomarker of neurodegeneration? | Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has recently been proposed as a promising biomarker in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). , Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a new, non-disease specific, widely studied biomarker indicative of axonal injury and degeneration, the neurodegeneration biomarker neurofilament light chain (NfL) ,... | yes |
converted_700 | Can FOXOs modulate longevity? | Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors have a conserved function in regulating metazoan lifespan., In contrast to FoxO1, FoxO3a and FoxO6 were specifically diminished in the CNS of HFD animals possibly contributing to the reduced lifespan observed in these animals., Interestingly, many target proteins of AMPK are ... | yes |
converted_846 | Can bioprinting use human cells? | In this study, human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) were printed in a free-scalable 3D grid pattern by means of LaBP., Additionally, we provide the proof that even pre-differentiated hASCs could be utilized for the generation of 3D tissue grafts. , To explore the three dimensional(3D)bioprinting technology, using ... | yes |
converted_3830 | Should tirilazad be used for treatment of ischemic stroke? | CONCLUSION: Tirilazad had no effect on clinical outcome but did decrease symptomatic vasospasm in five trials of aneurysmal SAH. , Tirilazad did not significantly decrease unfavorable clinical outcome on the GOS (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-1.20) or cerebral infarction (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.89-... | no |
converted_1281 | Is TNNI3K a cardiac-specific protein? | cardiomyocyte-specific kinase TNNI3K , We report that cardiac troponin I-interacting kinase (TNNI3K), a cardiomyocyte-specific kinase,, TNNI3K, a cardiac-specific kinase, , The cardiac troponin I-interacting kinase (TNNI3K), a novel cardiac specific kinase, is associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, Human cardiac t... | yes |
converted_918 | Is oxalate renal excretion increased after bariatric surgery? | Despite the fact that bariatric surgery-induced weight loss is associated with a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality and improvement in renal function, bariatric surgery has recently been shown to be associated with a significant risk of nephrolithiasis. The main risk factor for nephrolithiasis is increased... | yes |
converted_891 | Is NOD1 activated in inflammation? | Nod1 and Nod2 control bacterial infections and inflammation, The Nod proteins Nod1 and Nod2 are two NLR family members that trigger immune defense in response to bacterial peptidoglycan, Nod proteins fight off bacterial infections by stimulating proinflammatory signaling and cytokine networks and by inducing antimicrob... | yes |
converted_1669 | Does ghrelin play a role in ischemic stroke? | Recent evidence suggests that ghrelin may also be neuroprotective after injury in animal models of cerebral ischemia., Overall, these experiments point to a neurodegenerative but antiapoptotic effect of endogenous ghrelin in this model of global ischemia, highlighting that further research is essential before we can ap... | yes |
converted_388 | Is there an association between borna virus and brain tumor? | Borna disease virus (BDV), a nonsegmented, negative-strand RNA virus, infects a wide variety of mammalian species and readily establishes a long-lasting, persistent infection in brain cells. , To investigate the biological characteristics of field isolates of Borna disease virus (BDV), as well as to understand BDV infe... | no |
converted_992 | Are the Fanconi anemia genes a part of the same signalling pathway? | Mutations in at least 14 different genes have been shown to cause FA, The FA genes code for proteins that act in complexes to coordinate the repair of damaged DNA, The current review describes the structure and function of the Fanconi anemia genes and describes the role of the encoded Fanconi anemia proteins in a cell... | yes |
converted_2848 | Is inositol effective for trichotillomania? | Patients assigned to inositol failed to show significantly greater reductions on primary or secondary outcomes measures compared with placebo (all P>0.05)., This is the first study assessing the efficacy of inositol in the treatment of trichotillomania, but found no differences in symptom reductions between inositol an... | no |
converted_572 | Is phospholamban phosphorylated by Protein kinase A? | cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation of PLB, phosphorylation of PLN, at either Ser(16) by PKA , Activation of cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) by beta1-agonists involves cAMP- and PKA-dependent phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB), which relieves the inhibitory effects of PLB... | yes |
converted_4291 | Is histone variant H3.3K27M associated with gliomas? | Reciprocal H3.3 gene editing identifies K27M and G34R mechanisms in pediatric glioma including NOTCH signaling., Well-known oncohistones, with mutations on both H3.1 and H3.3, include H3K36M in chondroblastoma, H3K27M in glioma, Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are the most aggressive brain tumors in children w... | yes |
converted_903 | Does Rad9 interact with Aft1 in S.cerevisiae? | Rad9 interacts with Aft1 to facilitate genome surveillance in fragile genomic sites under non-DNA damage-inducing conditions in S. cerevisiae., Here we show that Rad9 checkpoint protein, known to mediate the damage signal from upstream to downstream essential kinases, interacts with Aft1 transcription factor in the bud... | yes |
converted_3904 | Is Ixodes a species of tick? | ixodid ticks, ixodid ticks , ixodid ticks, tick, Ixodes ricinus, hard ticks (family Ixodidae), The two enzootic tick vectors, Ixodes affinis and Ixodes minor, rarely bite humans but are more important than the human biting "bridge" vector, Ixodes scapularis, in maintaining the enzootic spirochete cycle in nature., is ... | yes |
converted_1745 | Are microtubules marked by glutamylation? | Together with detyrosination, glutamylation and other modifications, tubulin acetylation may form a unique 'language' to regulate microtubule structure and function., Glutamylation, the most prevalent tubulin posttranslational modification, marks stable microtubules and regulates recruitment and activity of microtubule... | yes |
converted_2270 | Are there ultraconserved genomic regions in the budding yeast? | Here, we present a systematic study of ultraconserved genomic regions in the budding yeast based on the publicly available genome sequences, in order to reveal their relationship with the adaptability or fitness advantages of the budding yeast.Results: Our results indicate that, in addition to some fundamental biologic... | yes |
converted_1959 | Are Ultra-conserved elements (UCEs) enriched in segmental duplications? | Here we address the process by which CNVs become depleted of UCEs., We begin by showing that depletion for UCEs characterizes the most recent large-scale human CNV datasets and then find that even newly formed de novo CNVs, which have passed through meiosis at most once, are significantly depleted for UCEs., In strikin... | no |
converted_2005 | Is Doxorubicin cardiotoxic? | Doxorubicin (DOXO) is widely used to treat solid tumors. However, its clinical use is limited by side effects including serious cardiotoxicity due to cardiomyocyte damage. , The results provide direct evidence for the role of catalase in doxorubicin cardiotoxic responses., These results do not support the possibility t... | yes |
converted_3245 | Is the Fluzone intradermal and the Fluzone intradermal quadrivalent vaccine produced by different companies? | An intradermal version of Fluzone® split-virion inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine, containing 9 µg hemagglutinin per strain of A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and one B lineage virus (Fluzone Intradermal, Sanofi Pasteur), became available in the US during the 2011-2012 influenza season for adults 18-64 years of age. In advance o... | no |
converted_4311 | Does bleomycin cause lung toxicity? | bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary , Pulmonary toxicity is a devastating complication of bleomycin chemotherapy. , Bleomycin containing regimen is routinely employed in the treatment of HL. Pulmonary toxicity due to this drug is the most feared side effect in these regimens where th... | yes |
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