id stringlengths 24 24 | sentence1 stringlengths 21 168 | sentence2 stringlengths 79 19.2k | label stringclasses 2
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54e25eaaae9738404b000017 | Is the protein Papilin secreted? | Using expression analysis, we identify three genes that are transcriptionally regulated by HLH-2: the protocadherin cdh-3, and two genes encoding secreted extracellular matrix proteins, mig-6/papilin and him-4/hemicentin. We found that mig-6 encodes long (MIG-6L) and short (MIG-6S) isoforms of the extracellular matrix... | yes |
535d292a9a4572de6f000003 | Are long non coding RNAs spliced? | Our analyses indicate that lncRNAs are generated through pathways similar to that of protein-coding genes, with similar histone-modification profiles, splicing signals, and exon/intron lengths. For alternative exons and long noncoding RNAs, splicing tends to occur later, and the latter might remain unspliced in some ca... | yes |
55262a9787ecba3764000009 | Is RANKL secreted from the cells? | Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a soluble secreted factor that acts as a decoy receptor for receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a secreted glycoprotein and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. It usually functions in bone remodeling, by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis thro... | yes |
51406e6223fec90375000009 | Does metformin interfere thyroxine absorption? | LT4 absorption is unchanged by concomitant metformin ingestion. It has been hypothesized that metformin may suppress serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations by enhancing LT4 absorption or by directly affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. | no |
52bf1db603868f1b06000011 | Has Denosumab (Prolia) been approved by FDA? | Denosumab is a RANK-ligand antibody that was approved by the FDA in 2010 for the prevention of skeletal fractures in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. The authors present the imaging findings and technical report of an attempted percutaneous vertebroplasty in the only patient found to be actively under ... | yes |
517395b98ed59a060a00001a | Are transcription and splicing connected? | , as splicing is often cotranscriptional, a complex picture emerges in which splicing regulation not only depends on the balance of splicing factor binding to their pre-mRNA target sites but also on transcription-associated features such as protein recruitment to the transcribing machinery and elongation kinetics. rece... | yes |
54db1d580f63c58e6e000005 | Is Alu hypomethylation associated with breast cancer? | Alu and LINE-1 hypomethylation is associated with HER2 enriched subtype of breast cancer In IBC, Alu hypomethylation correlated with negative estrogen receptor (ER) status In survival analyses, low Alu methylation status tended to be associated with poor disease-free survival of the patients. Alu hypomethylation is pro... | yes |
51593dc8d24251bc05000099 | Proteomic analyses need prior knowledge of the organism complete genome. Is the complete genome of the bacteria of the genus Arthrobacter available? | Complete genome sequence of Arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans type strain (Sphe3). Complete genome sequence and metabolic potential of the quinaldine-degrading bacterium Arthrobacter sp. Rue61a. Here, we described the high quality draft genome sequence, annotations and the features ofArthrobactersp. B6. Complete genome s... | yes |
56bf365eef6e39474100000e | Do mutations of AKT1 occur in meningiomas? | The recent identification of somatic mutations in components of the SHH-GLI1 and AKT1-MTOR signaling pathways indicates the potential for cross talk of these pathways in the development of meningiomas. A mutation in PIK3CA or AKT1 was found in around 9 % of the cases. AKT1E17K mutations cluster with meningothelial and ... | yes |
5158644cd24251bc0500008e | Does physical activity influence gut hormones? | Increases in blood PYY(3-36) levels were dependent on the exercise intensity (effect of session: P<0.001 by two-way ANOVA), whereas those in GLP-1 levels were similar between two different exercise sessions. A decrease in serum leptin levels (-48.4%, p < 0.001) was observed after intervention without changes in total p... | yes |
54f08d4a94afd61504000016 | Is irritable bowel syndrome more common in women with endometriosis? | CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid pain syndromes, mood conditions and asthma are common in adolescents and young women with endometriosis. There are many etiologies of pelvic pain that present with symptoms resembling those of endometriosis-associated pelvic pain that are not diagnosable with laparoscopy, such as interstitial cyst... | yes |
531d2aa5267d7dd053000003 | Does BNP increase after intensive exercise in athletes? | NT-pro-BNP was significantly elevated postexercise in both adults and adolescents and remained above baseline at 24 h in both groups. NT-pro-BNP concentrations increased significantly (28 +/- 17.1 vs 795 +/- 823 ng x L, P < 0.05), whereas postrace cTnT were elevated in just five athletes (20%). [NT-pro-BNP] was observe... | yes |
54fefff26ad7dcbc1200000b | Are there web based self management strategies for chronic pain ? | Fibromyalgia Symptom Reduction by Online Behavioral Self-monitoring, This study aimed to evaluate effects of a web-based, self-monitoring and symptom management system (SMARTLog) that analyzes personal self-monitoring data and delivers data-based feedback over time. Moderate use (3 times weekly x 3 months) increased l... | yes |
571f34ac0fd6f91b68000005 | Is Weaver syndrome similar to Sotos? | Overgrowth conditions are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by increased growth and variable features, including macrocephaly, distinctive facial appearance and various degrees of learning difficulties and intellectual disability. Among them, Sotos and Weaver syndromes are clinically well defined and due... | yes |
552fa6f5bc4f83e828000002 | Is peripheral neuroepithelioma related to Ewing sarcoma? | The term "small round-cell tumor" describes a group of highly aggressive malignant tumors composed of relatively small and monotonous undifferentiated cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios. This group includes Ewing's sarcoma (ES), peripheral neuroepithelioma (aka, primitive neuroectodermal tumor or extraskelet... | yes |
5318a955b166e2b806000020 | Is c-met involved in the activation of the Akt pathway? | Amplification of MET has been reported in approximately 5%-22% of lung tumors with acquired resistance to small-molecule inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Resistance to EGFR inhibitors is likely mediated through downstream activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase /AKT pathway. Simultaneous t... | yes |
531a3fe3b166e2b806000038 | Is pregnancy an additional risk during during H1N1 infection? | H1N1 influenza in pregnancy can be associated with severe complications This case series confirms a high number of complications in pregnant women due to pandemic H1N1/09. Pregnant women might be at increased risk for complications from pandemic H1N1 virus infection. Pregnant women are at increased risk for complicatio... | yes |
51757bbb8ed59a060a00002e | Are long non coding RNAs as conserved in sequence as protein coding genes? | Most lncRNAs are under lower sequence constraints than protein-coding genes and lack conserved secondary structures, making it hard to predict them computationally. hey are under stronger selective pressure than neutrally evolving sequences-particularly in their promoter regions, which display levels of selection compa... | no |
535d75ab7d100faa09000004 | Is TENS machine effective in pain? | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is widely used in pain management but its effectiveness depends on the stimulation being targeted appropriately hypoalgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation upon experimentally induced ischaemic pain. The results of this study have provided evidence of t... | yes |
56d1d14567f0cb3d66000003 | Is there any algorithm for enhancer identification from chromatin state? | RFECS: a random-forest based algorithm for enhancer identification from chromatin state. However, only a limited number of cell types or chromatin marks have previously been investigated for this purpose, leaving the question unanswered whether there exists an optimal set of histone modifications for enhancer predictio... | yes |
553f78c7ab98a37113000008 | Are transcribed ultraconserved regions involved in cancer? | Although most cancer research has focused in mRNA, non-coding RNAs are also an essential player in tumorigenesis. In addition to the well-recognized microRNAs, recent studies have also shown that epigenetic silencing by CpG island hypermethylation of other classes of non-coding RNAs, such as transcribed ultraconserved ... | yes |
56d8b27651531f7e33000003 | Do patients with Pendred syndrome present congenital deafness? | Pendred Syndrome can be characterized by the triad composed of familial goitre, abnormal perchlorate discharge and congenital deafness. Pendred syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital deafness and goiter. Pendred syndrome comprises congenital sensorineural hearing loss, thyroid goiter, ... | yes |
552fa32fbc4f83e828000001 | Is CD56 useful in Ewing sarcoma prognosis? | Excellent prognosis in a subset of patients with Ewing sarcoma identified at diagnosis by CD56 using flow cytometry There was a highly significant correlation between CD56 expression and progression-free survival (PFS; 69% in low/negative expression versus 30% in high expression groups, P = 0.024) In patients with loca... | yes |
52fa73c62059c6d71c000058 | Are there any urine biomarkers for chronic kidney disease? | Kidney and urine proteomic biomarkers are considered as promising diagnostic tools to predict CKD progression early in diabetic nephropathy, facilitating timely and selective intervention that may reduce the related health-care expenditures. Both blood and urine biomarkers are reviewed in this paper and offer a conside... | yes |
56c1f029ef6e39474100004a | Is valproic acid effective for glioblastoma treatment? | A Phase 2 Study of Concurrent Radiation Therapy, Temozolomide, and the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Valproic Acid for Patients With Glioblastoma. PURPOSE: Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic agent with histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) activity shown to sensitize glioblastoma (GBM) cells to radiation in precli... | yes |
52b2ec744003448f55000001 | Can Levoxyl (levothyroxine sodium) cause insomnia? | METHODS: Seventy-one patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism were randomly allocated into two study groups: the first group received usual dose of levothyroxine and the second group received combination of levothyroxine and liothyronine for at least 4 months. The main outcomes were psychosocial problems (Goldber... | yes |
530e42e65937551c09000007 | Is fatigue prevalent in patients receiving treatment for glioblastoma? | By contrast, fatigue worsened over time, with a difference in mean score of 5.6 points between baseline and 4-month follow-up (P=.02). In the GB cohort, the most common side effects were fatigue (56 %), diarrhea (44 %), neutropenia (31 %), and thrombocytopenia (25 %). A total of 37 patients were treated, and treatment... | yes |
5344310baeec6fbd0700000c | Does the CTCF protein co-localize with cohesin? | To investigate cohesin-non-CTCF (CNC) binding events in vivo we mapped cohesin and CTCF, as well as a collection of tissue-specific and ubiquitous transcriptional regulators using ChIP-seq in primary mouse liver. In contrast to regions of the genome where cohesin and CTCF colocalize, CNC sites coincide with the binding... | yes |
56c81fd15795f9a73e00000c | Are stress granules involved in the pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? | SGs have been linked to several pathologies including inflammatory diseases, cancer, viral infection, and neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Like several other ALS-associated proteins, CREST is recruited to induced stress granules. Our data indicate... | yes |
52f5083d2059c6d71c00001e | Does TGF-beta play a role in cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction? | We then performed a chemical screen and identified several small molecules that increase or reduce cardiomyocyte proliferation during heart development. These compounds act via Hedgehog, Insulin-like growth factor or Transforming growth factor β signaling pathways. Here, we report that the balance between the reparati... | yes |
52fb4b462059c6d71c00005f | Is DITPA a thyroid hormone analog utilized in experimental and clinical studies | DITPA normalized the elevated serum T(3) and TSH when the dose reached 1 mg/kg · d and T(4) and rT(3) increased to the lower normal range. The identification of 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid (DITPA) that binds to both α- and β-type TRs with relatively low affinity was unique in that this analog improves left ventricula... | yes |
5168023b298dcd4e51000061 | Is MammaPrint cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration? | Real-time RT-PCR confirmed the 5-gene prognostic signature that was distinct from an FDA-cleared 70-gene signature of MammaPrint panel and from the Oncotype DX recurrence score assay panel. | yes |
530f7cdde3eabad021000001 | Is amantadine effective for treatment of disorders conciousness? | We here provide a systematic overview of the therapeutic effects of amantadine, apomorphine and zolpidem in patients recovering from coma. Evidence from clinical trials using these commonly prescribed pharmacological agents suggests positive changes in the neurological status in patients, leading sometimes to dramatic ... | yes |
56f3f6b12ac5ed145900001a | Is GAGA associated with nucleosome-free regions (NFR)? | One of the three nuclease hypersensitive sites in the Fab-7 boundary, HS1, contains multiple consensus-binding sequences for the GAGA factor, a protein known to be involved in the formation and/or maintenance of nucleosome-free regions of chromatin. The HS3 sequence contains consensus binding sites for the GAGA factor,... | yes |
5509df4ac2af5d5b70000003 | Is amiodarone a class I anti-arrhythmic drug? | Common class I agents are excluded due to the inherent abnormal cardiac structure and function in the setting of cardiogenic shock. Class III drug options include dofetilide and amiodarone. Amiodarone has been used as an anti-arrhythmic drug since the 1970s and has an established role in the treatment of ventricular ta... | no |
53386282d6d3ac6a3400005a | Has the protein TIEG1 been associated with apoptosis? | TGF-beta) inducible early gene 1 (TIEG1) is known to induce apoptosis in TGF-beta sensitive pancreatic cancer cells, yet its effect on TGF-beta resistant cancer cells remains unclear overexpression of TIEG1, protected ALL cells against chemotherapy-induced cell death TIEG1 might be involved in mediating this effect fr... | yes |
55031650e9bde69634000026 | Is PTEN involved in follicular thyroid carcinoma? | Two of the 259 patients (0.8%), with both follicular thyroid carcinoma and macrocephaly, were found to carry a germline mutation in the PTEN gene. The PTEN mutation frequency in unselected cases of follicular thyroid carcinoma was 4.8% The frequency of germline pathogenic PTEN mutations in an unselected series of patie... | yes |
51598b08d24251bc0500009f | Does strenuous physical activity affect thyroid hormone metabolism? | The results of the present study in a unique experimental human model of maximal exposure to altitude and physical exercise demonstrate that extreme HA and strenuous physical exercise are coupled with specific endocrine adaptations. These include increased activity of the GH/IGF-I axis and a low T(3) syndrome 3,5,3'-tr... | yes |
56cf50253975bb303a00000b | Is the gene MAOA epigenetically modified by methylation? | Evidence that the methylation state of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene predicts brain activity of MAO A enzyme in healthy men. We found significant interindividual differences in methylation status and methylation patterns of the core MAOA promoter. In the present study, DNA methylation patterns in the MAOA regula... | yes |
5713c4a11174fb1755000013 | Is glycyl-tRNA synthetase gene involved in the development of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease? | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D (CMT2D) is an autosomal-dominant axonal peripheral neuropathy characterized by impaired motor and sensory function in the distal extremities. Mutations in the glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS) gene cause CMT2D Dominant mutations in GARS cause rare forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and... | yes |
5311cdcce3eabad021000007 | Is there any software for automated analysis of FISH images? | he study demonstrated the feasibility of automated FISH signal analysis that applying a CAD scheme to the automated generated 2-D projection images. A color imaging technique, multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization (M-FISH), has been developed to ease the analysis of the process. Using an M-FISH technique each chr... | yes |
54ede5df94afd61504000007 | Is there an increased risk for cancer in Dyskeratosis Congenita? | People with DC are at increased risk for progressive bone marrow failure (BMF), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), solid tumors (usually squamous cell carcinoma of the head/neck or anogenital cancer), and pulmonary fibrosis Clinical progression of the disease can lead to aplastic anemia... | yes |
54f4703764850a5854000008 | Does MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) contribute to cardiovascular disease? | The synergistic effect of miR-21 and miR-1 were functionally validated for their significant influences on myocardial apoptosis, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Taken together, we found a novel reciprocal loop between miR-21 and TGFβRIII in cardiac fibrosis caused by myocardial infarction in mice, and targeting this ... | yes |
56b29bf545561f0573000003 | Are there any statistical methods for normalizing and identifying differential regions in histone modification ChIP-seq data? | ChIPnorm: a statistical method for normalizing and identifying differential regions in histone modification ChIP-seq libraries. In this paper we propose a two-stage statistical method, called ChIPnorm, to normalize ChIP-seq data, and to find differential regions in the genome, given two libraries of histone modificatio... | yes |
52ef7170c8da898910000012 | Is CD84 genetically associated with arthritis? | The SNP is predicted to disrupt transcription factor binding site motifs in the 3' UTR of an immune-related gene, CD84, and the allele associated with better response to etanercept was associated with higher CD84 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P = 1 × 10(-11) in 228 non-RA patients and P = 0.004... | yes |
532f08b8d6d3ac6a34000029 | Are there any specific antidotes for rivaroxaban? | Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs)--apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban--have a significantly smaller risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, two facts make this situation complicated: First, the risk of hematoma expansion is unknown for NOACs. Second, there is no specific antidote for neither of the NOACs. h... | no |
54d77f0e3706e8952800001b | Is cytisine superior to nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation? | The effectiveness of cytisine for continuous abstinence was superior to that of nicotine-replacement therapy at 1 week, 2 months, and 6 months. In a prespecified subgroup analysis of the primary outcome, cytisine was superior to nicotine-replacement therapy among women and noninferior among men. CONCLUSIONS: When combi... | yes |
56c0708eef6e39474100001f | Is the abnormal dosage of ultraconserved elements disfavored in cancer cells? | Abnormal dosage of ultraconserved elements is highly disfavored in healthy cells but not cancer cells. We begin by showing that depletion for UCEs characterizes the most recent large-scale human CNV datasets and then find that even newly formed de novo CNVs, which have passed through meiosis at most once, are significa... | no |
515ac533d24251bc050000a9 | Does thyroid hormone regulate calcium transient in the myocardium? | 3-iodothyronamine (T(1)AM) is a novel endogenous relative of thyroid hormone, able to interact with trace amine-associated receptors, a class of plasma membrane G protein-coupled receptors, and to produce a negative inotropic and chronotropic effect In adult rat cardiomyocytes acute exposure to 20 microM T(1)AM decreas... | yes |
517179718ed59a060a00000e | Are proteasome inhibitors good candidates for treatment of leukemia and solid tumors? | We show that treatment with b-AP15 inhibited tumor progression in four different in vivo solid tumor models and inhibited organ infiltration in an acute myeloid leukemia model. Our results show that the deubiquitinating activity of the 19S regulatory particle is a new anticancer drug target We further found that ATO ta... | yes |
553cae13f32186855800000e | Is there any link between CTF4 and CTF18 during sister chromatid cohesion? | Our results suggest that Elg1, Ctf4, and Ctf18 may coordinate the relative movement of the replication fork with respect to the cohesin ring These data defined two cohesion pathways, one containing CSM3, TOF1, CTF4, and CHL1, and the second containing MRC1, CTF18, CTF8, and DCC1 Here we show that three proteins require... | yes |
52f7c4bd2059c6d71c00002d | Are thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 mutations implicated in thyroid hormone resistance syndrome? | This study reports the consequences of LT4 treatment over a prolonged period of time in 2 of the first patients with a heterozygous mutation in TRα1. Here we show that the dysregulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis was worsened by the lack of TR alpha1 in TR betaPV mice, and severe impairment of postnatal growth was m... | yes |
532673c4d6d3ac6a34000009 | Does administration of triiodothyronine improve outcome following coronary artery bypass grafting? | Serum T3 concentrations were significantly higher with fewer patients having T3 concentrations below the normal range in the T3 group than the placebo group throughout the postoperative period. Hemodynamic variables, postoperative inotrope requirement, and outcome variables showed no differences between the groups We c... | no |
53009f6d2059c6d71c00007e | Is long QT syndrome a cause for sudden cardiac death in athletes? | A diversity of cardiovascular disorders including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital coronary anomalies, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, dilated cardiomyopathy, aortic rupture due to Marfan syndrome, myocarditis, valvular disease and electrical disorders (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, long QT syndrom... | yes |
5512cce26a8cde6b7200000c | Is protein M3/6 a dual specificity phosphatase? | Involvement of the dual-specificity phosphatase M3/6 in c-Jun N-terminal kinase inactivation following cerebral ischemia in the rat hippocampus. The results revealed upregulation of dual-specificity phosphatase M3/6 (DUSP8) activity at 4 h of reperfusion in rat hippocampi. This study examines the molecular mechanism u... | yes |
532c0946d6d3ac6a34000019 | Are there focused databases from which you can retrieve gene expression data on renal disease? | Proteomics database in chronic kidney disease Naturally occurring human urinary peptides for use in diagnosis of chronic kidney disease | yes |
511a16f9df1ebcce7d000005 | Are there any DNMT3 proteins present in plants? | De novo DNA methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana is catalyzed by the methyltransferase DRM2, a homolog of the mammalian de novo methyltransferase DNMT3. Here we describe DNA methyltransferase genes from both Arabidopsis and maize that show a high level of sequence similarity to Dnmt3, suggesting that they encode plant d... | yes |
530cf57efe2466f70c000006 | Has vitamin D has been shown to reduce incidence of falls in older people in clinical trials? | However, apart from the beneficial effects of 800 IU/d of vitamin D3 for reduction of falls in the elderly, causality remains yet unproven in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The rate of falls and the number of fallers was significantly reduced in two studies evaluating the effect of medication on preventing falls... | yes |
530cf57efe2466f70c000001 | Has depression been shown to be a predictor of frailty? | significant role of frailty as a predictor of depression in a relatively younger old Chinese population significant relationships between frailty and depressive symptoms and mortality at 1 year These findings suggest that malnutrition is a major predictor of frailty or the "failure to thrive" syndrome in older persons.... | yes |
56b8f28a156496395c000006 | Is there any association between Jarid2 and miR-155 in Th17 cells? | Jarid2 links MicroRNA and chromatin in Th17 cells. In this issue of Immunity, Escobar et al. (2014) bring microRNAs and chromatin together by showing how activation-induced miR-155 targets the chromatin protein Jarid2 to regulate proinflammatory cytokine production in T helper 17 cells. miR-155 activates cytokine gene ... | yes |
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