text
stringlengths
200
512
source_url
stringclasses
17 values
source_title
stringclasses
17 values
source_domain
stringclasses
14 values
relevance_score
float64
0.1
1
quality_score
float64
0.54
0.89
topics
stringclasses
141 values
character_count
int64
200
512
subject_name
stringclasses
1 value
subject_type
stringclasses
1 value
extraction_date
stringdate
2026-01-09 23:48:12
2026-01-09 23:48:12
embedding
listlengths
384
384
Managing Stress June 9, 2025 Español Get help now If you or someone you know is struggling or in crisis, confidential, free, 24/7/365 help is available. Call or text 988 or chat 988lifeline.org. See Resources for help . Key points Everyone experiences occasional stress; it is a normal part of life. Long-term stress can lead to worsening health problems. Managing stress daily can prevent you from developing long-term stress. Find resources if you are struggling to cope with stress for extra support.
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.7
0.864
["management", "crisis"]
503
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933171
[ 0.002415010239928961, -0.048857592046260834, 0.08039693534374237, 0.0804041251540184, 0.08795540779829025, 0.018082264810800552, 0.010998869314789772, -0.025622984394431114, -0.09203705936670303, -0.03964219242334366, 0.01799645647406578, -0.019872497767210007, -0.039912961423397064, -0.01383061334490776, 0.050098054111003876, -0.05610786750912666, -0.0764298066496849, -0.014204632490873337, -0.07953449338674545, -0.0223112553358078, -0.022307774052023888, -0.0011280167382210493, -0.06876295804977417, 0.07583504170179367, -0.06189099699258804, 0.015341597609221935, 0.023009460419416428, -0.029388848692178726, 0.037244442850351334, -0.02548813819885254, 0.10739050805568695, 0.01694229617714882, -0.02102992683649063, -0.021827014163136482, -0.0054848454892635345, 0.031568076461553574, -0.030548863112926483, 0.02149588242173195, -0.03129030764102936, 0.005757618695497513, -0.10396180301904678, -0.01762998104095459, 0.03543052077293396, -0.021401049569249153, -0.016584141179919243, -0.03632635623216629, -0.03827045485377312, -0.010976956225931644, 0.025470219552516937, -0.05878772586584091, -0.042495958507061005, -0.025856997817754745, 0.009258119389414787, -0.028857341036200523, 0.07919926196336746, 0.0401008203625679, 0.0779673159122467, 0.0038614419754594564, -0.01842382363975048, 0.03337906301021576, 0.007676075678318739, -0.0018746178830042481, -0.03675554320216179, -0.034827955067157745, -0.0370408333837986, 0.0734516978263855, 0.08201825618743896, 0.11102774739265442, -0.020757535472512245, 0.00912026222795248, -0.055656548589468, -0.08053438365459442, 0.0818580761551857, 0.09108614176511765, 0.06369723379611969, 0.11830806732177734, -0.04897720739245415, -0.039148811250925064, 0.08711773157119751, 0.08497827500104904, 0.08475890010595322, 0.08117781579494476, 0.039166081696748734, -0.06138530373573303, -0.038696274161338806, -0.007182949222624302, 0.04059712961316109, -0.0029062069952487946, 0.07922329753637314, 0.04338224232196808, 0.09710794687271118, 0.023705417290329933, 0.054216474294662476, 0.014290928840637207, -0.015279687009751797, 0.016688339412212372, -0.007294878829270601, 0.027203090488910675, -0.07642262428998947, -0.017856864258646965, 0.03030836209654808, -0.013553544878959656, 0.03329583257436752, 0.05871208384633064, -0.013058176264166832, 0.035797420889139175, -0.04393065348267555, 0.015069467946887016, -0.0038491585291922092, -0.04082636907696724, -0.022565366700291634, 0.010960783809423447, -0.00521085225045681, -0.08490335941314697, -0.004803407937288284, -0.04201146215200424, 0.002426409861072898, -0.02453913912177086, 0.14154468476772308, 0.039398014545440674, 0.010423660278320312, 0.05158945918083191, 0.03656155988574028, -0.03849818930029869, 0.007547101005911827, 0.07424668967723846, 0.019873837009072304, 4.512720608754854e-33, 0.08072114735841751, 0.018429091200232506, 0.019243363291025162, 0.10962023586034775, 0.0010475936578586698, 0.05495426803827286, -0.057119108736515045, 0.0353880301117897, -0.034410666674375534, -0.06927264481782913, 0.0029248015489429235, -0.040648072957992554, -0.05267799645662308, -0.0758926048874855, -0.038034483790397644, -0.05370494723320007, -0.041597653180360794, 0.0128229521214962, 0.0017863938119262457, 0.011214683763682842, -0.045496098697185516, -0.10005760937929153, -0.008465482853353024, 0.0026186916511505842, -0.007138567976653576, 0.0217885859310627, 0.054327644407749176, -0.027965694665908813, 0.030593078583478928, 0.00938637275248766, -0.027932241559028625, 0.011653097346425056, 0.04452107846736908, -0.02356201782822609, -0.035006359219551086, 0.017152313143014908, -0.04156288877129555, -0.0010116619523614645, -0.05051995813846588, -0.08858545124530792, -0.0731540247797966, 0.03933820500969887, 0.0061337207444012165, 0.06616595387458801, 0.03288644179701805, -0.09241712838411331, 0.07319185882806778, -0.08834158629179001, -0.03029513917863369, 0.04142123833298683, -0.11962274461984634, 0.004345669411122799, -0.040387772023677826, -0.028138989582657814, -0.00621443847194314, -0.05085189640522003, -0.024022849276661873, -0.07193971425294876, -0.02685646153986454, -0.05316395312547684, 0.02347979135811329, -0.0878831148147583, -0.07244208455085754, -0.01990560069680214, 0.06927166134119034, 0.008899546228349209, -0.03256448358297348, -0.03771381080150604, -0.018137063831090927, -0.002520537469536066, -0.02225383184850216, 0.006768221966922283, 0.10068761557340622, -0.0441608689725399, 0.021107813343405724, 0.0441412553191185, 0.004156517796218395, -0.08191078901290894, -0.132772758603096, 0.03687192499637604, 0.007834403775632381, 0.005473211873322725, 0.07155998796224594, 0.041256681084632874, 0.10353278368711472, 0.10392557829618454, -0.021893003955483437, 0.021855957806110382, 0.022800827398896217, 0.06724796444177628, 0.014510968700051308, -0.006592220161110163, 0.08573587983846664, 0.07685874402523041, -0.00934546533972025, -3.979671756881364e-33, 0.08051455765962601, -0.0026554109062999487, -0.025967927649617195, -0.01958114467561245, 0.08919689059257507, -0.017802121117711067, -0.08559827506542206, 0.02646568790078163, -0.006234149448573589, -0.02637065015733242, 0.009992988780140877, -0.034030359238386154, 0.05233876407146454, 0.057018619030714035, -0.03775118291378021, -0.014277073554694653, -0.04248005524277687, -0.026256920769810677, -0.0759616494178772, -0.043322183191776276, -0.0739707201719284, -0.03751258924603462, 0.005922119133174419, 0.07533934712409973, -0.01917204074561596, -0.007936843670904636, 0.001229364424943924, 0.006879161112010479, 0.028412064537405968, 0.02252739481627941, -0.05288302153348923, 0.0003426753683015704, -0.013665216974914074, 0.053611669689416885, -0.06697143614292145, -0.04872667416930199, 0.029502512887120247, -0.037748757749795914, -0.04798870161175728, 0.035990942269563675, -0.03955473005771637, 0.10356878489255905, 0.016026370227336884, -0.06150621175765991, -0.02732923813164234, 0.052067503333091736, 0.008070887066423893, -0.07494457811117172, -0.03193165734410286, 0.012430445291101933, 0.0060896314680576324, -0.04427880421280861, -0.01580834574997425, 0.009364048019051552, 0.07746878266334534, -0.09571356326341629, -0.020521733909845352, -0.027542339637875557, -0.14018084108829498, 0.008120555430650711, -0.1000833734869957, 0.012625201605260372, -0.03480983525514603, -0.03716859221458435, 0.08418647199869156, -0.045101676136255264, 0.0005260726320557296, -0.053629256784915924, -0.03132088482379913, 0.021728461608290672, 0.0044030603021383286, -0.029611872509121895, -0.0990191251039505, -0.006429907865822315, -0.0015921194572001696, 0.01626449264585972, -0.05285341292619705, -0.03599930554628372, -0.034300386905670166, 0.014902711845934391, 0.10696522146463394, -0.05258838087320328, 0.04432522505521774, 0.0007818471640348434, -0.08885686099529266, -0.0002554396342020482, 0.06463731825351715, 0.11796224862337112, 0.028529739007353783, 0.04763200134038925, -0.08802419155836105, 0.00938901025801897, -0.046028073877096176, 0.012385665439069271, 0.1238890066742897, -4.479438686644244e-8, 0.05259229615330696, -0.03687397763133049, 0.025949889793992043, -0.0311420988291502, -0.003966137301176786, 0.006253096740692854, 0.03879036754369736, 0.04657377302646637, 0.08849640935659409, 0.13069036602973938, -0.040659643709659576, 0.00670021865516901, 0.018032051622867584, 0.019218679517507553, 0.004859528504312038, -0.022824609652161598, 0.07144025713205338, 0.06314769387245178, 0.03802725672721863, -0.05215190351009369, -0.0019168267026543617, -0.04551432654261589, 0.03681010752916336, 0.042451150715351105, -0.0009009704808704555, 0.013040066696703434, 0.038727615028619766, 0.1548507958650589, -0.055628612637519836, -0.008924290537834167, -0.05456457659602165, -0.04120858013629913, 0.051072102040052414, -0.0002522275608498603, -0.06792715191841125, -0.007776950020343065, -0.01502289529889822, -0.0664893165230751, -0.03380110487341881, 0.037238068878650665, -0.028908468782901764, 0.04230726510286331, 0.008929836563766003, 0.015267460606992245, -0.03814727067947388, 0.015349876135587692, 0.013207200914621353, -0.01309880893677473, -0.08681481331586838, -0.07356768101453781, -0.001887646270915866, -0.009260253980755806, 0.08549735695123672, 0.06455591320991516, -0.004798556677997112, 0.04750467836856842, 0.033726178109645844, 0.05239475145936012, 0.08088173717260361, 0.011565248481929302, 0.03996235132217407, 0.04297875240445137, -0.10559965670108795, 0.005914574023336172 ]
struggling to cope with stress for extra support. How it impacts everyday life Everyone experiences stress, which is your body's physical and emotional response to new or challenging situations. 1 This can occur when you face problems such as those related to work, school, health, and relationships. Feeling stress can be a normal coping response and can forge a healthy sense of our ability to solve problems.
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.682
0.834
["networking"]
411
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933266
[ 0.0015889807837083936, 0.010359293781220913, 0.05667056143283844, 0.07374348491430283, 0.11509033292531967, 0.006185110192745924, 0.04711903631687164, 0.006092556286603212, -0.00967817660421133, -0.11475644260644913, 0.01695813052356243, -0.056540150195360184, 0.01702047884464264, -0.017400287091732025, 0.03611493110656738, -0.028526751324534416, -0.035515107214450836, -0.0016454100841656327, -0.11211148649454117, 0.05471760407090187, -0.07434486597776413, -0.05857221409678459, -0.08338700234889984, 0.04319564998149872, -0.10657515376806259, 0.08190465718507767, -0.04559473320841789, 0.020490899682044983, 0.01868116669356823, -0.02875462733209133, 0.05914026498794556, -0.01207820326089859, -0.024932721629738808, 0.012775212526321411, 0.007714190054684877, 0.03640419617295265, 0.013353201560676098, 0.061582911759614944, -0.024982763454318047, -0.006113406736403704, -0.04531460627913475, 0.043734028935432434, 0.024591172114014626, -0.00407417630776763, 0.03163783997297287, -0.026141293346881866, -0.019839001819491386, 0.015893498435616493, 0.03834303468465805, -0.0838746502995491, -0.01847536489367485, 0.02805439941585064, -0.012274299748241901, -0.017999297007918358, 0.10376869887113571, 0.04850853979587555, 0.06952018290758133, -0.014703914523124695, -0.011891975067555904, 0.0357140451669693, 0.023605728521943092, 0.028107604011893272, -0.010706423781812191, 0.01746005192399025, 0.027136806398630142, 0.02303500473499298, 0.005841075908392668, 0.03582776337862015, -0.031236661598086357, 0.019995413720607758, -0.05264062061905861, -0.045818474143743515, 0.01860792189836502, 0.009350832551717758, 0.08071323484182358, 0.13963936269283295, -0.08815038204193115, 0.0044216979295015335, 0.038612183183431625, 0.1037384569644928, 0.1066412627696991, 0.05737484246492386, -0.04271869733929634, -0.06791412085294724, -0.033690448850393295, -0.0940312072634697, 0.04507587477564812, -0.009282633662223816, 0.015114414505660534, 0.032505422830581665, 0.0466528944671154, -0.08656328171491623, -0.014898640103638172, 0.03948871046304703, 0.009199336171150208, 0.03668344020843506, -0.031566180288791656, 0.05734477564692497, -0.05675259232521057, 0.009158523753285408, -0.004286894574761391, 0.04305911436676979, 0.0245826318860054, 0.05172795429825783, -0.05665960535407066, 0.028819385915994644, -0.09209783375263214, -0.017092585563659668, -0.04381786286830902, -0.03237229585647583, -0.03930777311325073, -0.033401064574718475, -0.018377210944890976, -0.07860057055950165, -0.026635238900780678, -0.01965470053255558, 0.02199253812432289, -0.04678210988640785, 0.01635795831680298, 0.03701426088809967, -0.0713728740811348, 0.015314449556171894, 0.01906518079340458, -0.020745934918522835, 0.028497323393821716, 0.01744196005165577, -0.014129677787423134, -4.719489054874037e-34, 0.04637928307056427, -0.042198535054922104, 0.008123370818793774, 0.04619896411895752, -0.03280447795987129, -0.02072199620306492, -0.04431232437491417, -0.00448392890393734, 0.011764781549572945, -0.04316990077495575, -0.010235916823148727, -0.025428995490074158, -0.011891404166817665, -0.027374396100640297, -0.08985622972249985, 0.03867090493440628, -0.1400424689054489, 0.034878022968769073, 0.005096497479826212, 0.13866037130355835, -0.07715950161218643, -0.06624677777290344, 0.0045597245916724205, 0.05336865410208702, -0.07168456166982651, 0.007531043607741594, 0.09314429759979248, -0.0550462082028389, -0.07466118782758713, -0.042985700070858, -0.031303346157073975, 0.01995868794620037, 0.09119575470685959, -0.04869748279452324, -0.012478817254304886, -0.0023407822009176016, 0.04951879009604454, 0.008252350613474846, 0.008290092460811138, -0.05042159557342529, -0.043438870459795, 0.016693908721208572, -0.02318769134581089, 0.06207187473773956, 0.039065614342689514, 0.013616722077131271, 0.05450500547885895, -0.09158363938331604, -0.07437590509653091, -0.008929464034736156, -0.04627447947859764, 0.05062147602438927, 0.0025261130649596453, -0.06938109546899796, -0.0747978612780571, -0.06663338840007782, -0.03074515238404274, -0.10000244528055191, -0.03931639343500137, -0.030154872685670853, -0.00435752933844924, -0.15360267460346222, -0.07471198588609695, -0.021882642060518265, 0.0725322738289833, -0.018283240497112274, -0.00543958880007267, -0.01665501669049263, -0.09244533628225327, 0.045390740036964417, -0.039231009781360626, -0.028648288920521736, 0.05626559630036354, -0.04189210385084152, 0.08189576119184494, 0.06543929874897003, -0.03557426854968071, -0.10305185616016388, -0.1280631721019745, 0.010778839699923992, -0.013394276611506939, -0.06432848423719406, 0.0693138912320137, 0.009536067955195904, 0.1089736819267273, 0.07591173052787781, -0.030154326930642128, -0.06657124310731888, 0.01668054796755314, -0.01915029063820839, 0.0470612458884716, -0.04221102595329285, -0.010220124386250973, 0.06908535212278366, 0.038784340023994446, -8.300973763522362e-34, 0.0057465373538434505, 0.003774114418774843, -0.08873272687196732, -0.07973451167345047, 0.054667964577674866, -0.010856224223971367, -0.031864944845438004, -0.062316782772541046, -0.02132885344326496, 0.03279862925410271, -0.02352321334183216, -0.05210096761584282, 0.03346861153841019, 0.09022635966539383, -0.08139977604150772, -0.08824032545089722, -0.044233739376068115, 0.03373346105217934, -0.008540032431483269, 0.02376413717865944, -0.0445597879588604, -0.04385436698794365, 0.024213634431362152, -0.0025339098647236824, 0.048981305211782455, 0.021612044423818588, -0.059119708836078644, -0.04806896299123764, 0.0789661556482315, 0.007027077488601208, 0.06424965709447861, 0.07947753369808197, 0.07590511441230774, 0.05611226335167885, 0.03631060943007469, 0.05738324671983719, -0.01252087764441967, 0.004857719875872135, -0.03302759304642677, -0.005003894213587046, -0.030254235491156578, 0.0824403166770935, 0.002388299908488989, 0.02987009473145008, -0.013407939113676548, 0.049135737121105194, 0.01957934908568859, -0.04594600945711136, -0.0682062953710556, 0.05083224177360535, 0.02149992808699608, 0.003300820244476199, 0.0029073222540318966, 0.019812913611531258, 0.09893129020929337, -0.016306044533848763, -0.030682122334837914, -0.025690559297800064, -0.05623507499694824, 0.02203310653567314, -0.03895511105656624, -0.03954562544822693, -0.001969680655747652, -0.03212229907512665, -0.007873211987316608, -0.01164059154689312, -0.030864115804433823, -0.033785607665777206, -0.08653924614191055, 0.0594792440533638, -0.0898149237036705, 0.010871480219066143, -0.01803455874323845, 0.0062592471949756145, 0.03909911960363388, 0.07351277768611908, -0.062039826065301895, 0.036424532532691956, 0.017477255314588547, 0.10235221683979034, -0.015925511717796326, -0.025813264772295952, 0.052757397294044495, -0.054845184087753296, -0.13539965450763702, 0.015437079593539238, 0.07257334142923355, 0.14034956693649292, -0.0003137027088087052, -0.040454961359500885, -0.05564429238438606, 0.09761004894971848, -0.07528771460056305, 0.03977291285991669, 0.05569416284561157, -4.3834585738977694e-8, -0.0009638899937272072, -0.030451245605945587, -0.057979706674814224, -0.026858987286686897, 0.02044013887643814, 0.028164075687527657, 0.0745568573474884, -0.00625254400074482, -0.018044566735625267, 0.09109340608119965, -0.012401345185935497, -0.057536713778972626, -0.001251083449460566, 0.046795014292001724, 0.06158125028014183, -0.015066932886838913, 0.06900349259376526, -0.01673010177910328, 0.019577661529183388, -0.051823414862155914, 0.012528452090919018, 0.0030515834223479033, 0.013974130153656006, 0.10497992485761642, 0.007991722784936428, 0.01385135855525732, -0.013067941181361675, 0.06577851623296738, -0.06435704976320267, -0.005381059367209673, 0.07425956428050995, -0.028056520968675613, 0.020843911916017532, 0.007474636193364859, -0.055170074105262756, 0.03440861031413078, 0.05839266628026962, -0.054080285131931305, -0.013144046999514103, 0.0506301075220108, 0.004454098641872406, 0.07646095752716064, 0.008547569625079632, 0.006551934406161308, -0.003948688507080078, -0.05299145355820656, -0.0014359907945618033, 0.0307332631200552, -0.08254505693912506, 0.05452114716172218, 0.029445046558976173, -0.022665701806545258, -0.005993073806166649, 0.06719488650560379, -0.03155084699392319, 0.023203592747449875, -0.03782302886247635, 0.08720072358846664, 0.018790634348988533, 0.010724895633757114, 0.07476244121789932, 0.029290400445461273, -0.0339660719037056, 0.05457797273993492 ]
a healthy sense of our ability to solve problems. However, when the stress is long term, known as chronic stress, it can lead to worsening health problems. 2 Stress can cause the following: Feelings of fear, anger, sadness, worry, numbness, or frustration Changes in appetite, energy, desires, and interests Trouble concentrating and making decisions Nightmares or problems sleeping Physical reactions, such as headaches, body pains, stomach problems, or skin rashes Worsening of chronic health problems and ment
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.7
0.854
["decision_making"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933297
[ 0.033883459866046906, 0.009788843803107738, 0.029413528740406036, 0.15398570895195007, 0.06235722824931145, 0.054930929094552994, 0.03946094214916229, 0.01588631048798561, 0.0033336482010781765, -0.05296268314123154, -0.06922094523906708, 0.0060541825369000435, 0.009411985985934734, -0.06712422519922256, 0.02857610210776329, -0.018468577414751053, -0.084462009370327, 0.025840304791927338, -0.04917137324810028, 0.08487211912870407, -0.018832264468073845, 0.04325789958238602, -0.03200366348028183, 0.029113469645380974, -0.16165633499622345, 0.05330580845475197, -0.029733914881944656, -0.07731129229068756, 0.024141980335116386, 0.004153637681156397, 0.06558360904455185, 0.06356031447649002, 0.033979762345552444, 0.0258187148720026, 0.03573053330183029, -0.0046593002043664455, -0.045530904084444046, 0.026864390820264816, -0.030603813007473946, -0.05335942655801773, -0.04375987872481346, 0.018626021221280098, -0.028274789452552795, -0.020955946296453476, 0.011165035888552666, -0.03866953402757645, 0.027374057099223137, -0.015849273651838303, 0.05505134165287018, -0.012974346987903118, -0.05511458218097687, -0.0025849265512079, 0.021561142057180405, -0.035419367253780365, 0.1120963990688324, -0.03645232319831848, 0.02718081697821617, -0.007045153994113207, -0.0589773915708065, 0.08392782509326935, 0.049500420689582825, -0.018906546756625175, 0.0031719098333269358, -0.016405098140239716, 0.0546015128493309, 0.00014958696556277573, -0.010360654443502426, 0.029607018455863, -0.013516207225620747, 0.028800413012504578, -0.052356477826833725, -0.04893389344215393, -0.046445757150650024, -0.059527017176151276, 0.10700108855962753, 0.1302763819694519, -0.09371838718652725, -0.09715964645147324, 0.031224073842167854, 0.015140051022171974, 0.13341009616851807, 0.09652300924062729, 0.05786054581403732, -0.0009153839782811701, 0.044814832508563995, -0.07498558610677719, 0.07573942095041275, -0.04600723832845688, -0.03413287177681923, 0.05033741891384125, 0.04801975190639496, -0.12794360518455505, 0.018325980752706528, 0.06641329824924469, -0.007407291326671839, 0.03785891458392143, -0.046661391854286194, 0.012460736557841301, -0.07467591762542725, 0.008482733741402626, -0.04318211227655411, -0.018849613144993782, -0.00812188908457756, 0.06612302362918854, -0.028066379949450493, 0.05357915535569191, -0.02894277311861515, -0.08281461894512177, -0.014134272001683712, 0.006228645332157612, -0.035753119736909866, -0.018712537363171577, 0.0046428232453763485, -0.028639551252126694, -0.016522180289030075, -0.03775293380022049, 0.008683251217007637, -0.02987516298890114, 0.014583230018615723, 0.010006600059568882, -0.03172389417886734, -0.08874378353357315, -0.0065434458665549755, 0.011994986794888973, 0.03975968062877655, 0.03435197100043297, -0.03812670335173607, 2.0359554809402327e-33, 0.05169788748025894, 0.004693157505244017, 0.03339068219065666, -0.00833071768283844, -0.0034018487203866243, 0.025880226865410805, -0.01414536964148283, -0.00009518856677459553, 0.06015811115503311, -0.030383562669157982, 0.014787394553422928, -0.02500564232468605, -0.0077973599545657635, 0.020112784579396248, -0.044823307543992996, -0.024745944887399673, -0.08920277655124664, 0.007073199842125177, 0.06555686891078949, 0.026829373091459274, -0.09515690058469772, -0.11038850247859955, 0.016526581719517708, -0.0012173416325822473, -0.06061137840151787, 0.0171859972178936, 0.04459430277347565, -0.012542927637696266, -0.03158397972583771, -0.020851919427514076, -0.057572945952415466, 0.0191847812384367, 0.04929747432470322, 0.0024241008795797825, -0.00799205806106329, 0.013827510178089142, -0.009571722708642483, 0.0763547271490097, -0.018425283953547478, -0.062402136623859406, 0.014265851117670536, 0.035256046801805496, 0.0030292801093310118, 0.11343363672494888, 0.0914267972111702, -0.022467317059636116, -0.023382529616355896, -0.02663763426244259, -0.1061064749956131, 0.033296335488557816, -0.0640936940908432, 0.009154963307082653, 0.04298589751124382, -0.007611187640577555, -0.03498341888189316, -0.01277496200054884, 0.01794443652033806, -0.13293176889419556, -0.1019081398844719, 0.008434738032519817, 0.007583732716739178, -0.07317627221345901, -0.06053146347403526, 0.011777356266975403, 0.039274703711271286, 0.007367429789155722, 0.003158237785100937, -0.02740970067679882, -0.07217478007078171, 0.040391892194747925, -0.007851662114262581, -0.036951713263988495, 0.059040576219558716, -0.0586649589240551, 0.056268639862537384, 0.012292937375605106, -0.09429331123828888, -0.0663679763674736, -0.1516064703464508, 0.015376421622931957, -0.04852760583162308, -0.04750975966453552, 0.013123924843966961, 0.02146906778216362, 0.059109870344400406, 0.04128584638237953, 0.009944610297679901, -0.03681797534227371, 0.04966536909341812, 0.005123960319906473, 0.04308602213859558, 0.0223025381565094, 0.03351324796676636, 0.13515323400497437, 0.017482470721006393, -3.0438090926428998e-33, -0.05776003748178482, -0.024475766345858574, -0.09009209275245667, -0.03239619731903076, 0.019856484606862068, -0.01439025066792965, -0.014493522234261036, 0.018191540613770485, -0.022100752219557762, -0.0012367599410936236, 0.04147830232977867, -0.03132476657629013, -0.043704282492399216, 0.09638823568820953, 0.01689019612967968, -0.03564627841114998, -0.0055610123090445995, 0.03240948170423508, 0.00848482921719551, -0.03730221837759018, -0.017627757042646408, 0.021993717178702354, -0.047121562063694, 0.006619576830416918, -0.0022677488159388304, 0.028071722015738487, -0.02651675045490265, -0.052553169429302216, 0.033234063535928726, 0.09666771441698074, 0.0429825559258461, 0.09499670565128326, -0.007156000006943941, 0.055972520262002945, 0.016982614994049072, -0.015855472534894943, 0.02907530963420868, -0.014133686199784279, -0.01311437413096428, -0.0012876647524535656, -0.00020136676903348416, 0.07071127742528915, 0.06233246251940727, -0.018699603155255318, 0.05388977751135826, 0.010139078833162785, 0.029452713206410408, -0.02750040404498577, -0.010266071185469627, 0.04534466192126274, 0.09130555391311646, -0.00879033375531435, -0.045988962054252625, 0.03292940929532051, 0.058488987386226654, -0.04916985705494881, -0.12349521368741989, -0.035774555057287216, -0.025398829951882362, 0.03209034726023674, -0.018053920939564705, -0.012872649356722832, -0.006252913735806942, -0.012014372274279594, 0.008486635982990265, -0.049696218222379684, -0.005494087468832731, -0.03810115158557892, 0.026298006996512413, 0.09168517589569092, -0.08879278600215912, -0.04993123188614845, -0.07142672687768936, 0.02998344786465168, -0.04679279774427414, 0.05275082215666771, -0.09525745362043381, 0.06324291229248047, 0.037700261920690536, 0.0131280068308115, -0.09918145835399628, -0.05660324916243553, 0.05874199420213699, -0.04714446887373924, -0.20149770379066467, -0.05021977052092552, -0.006367363967001438, 0.13588166236877441, 0.022690609097480774, 0.03067474253475666, -0.06285958737134933, 0.021182309836149216, -0.11611161381006241, -0.038975439965724945, -0.014347344636917114, -4.8069257019278666e-8, -0.01990487426519394, -0.0603993684053421, -0.06447334587574005, -0.049639880657196045, -0.04044458270072937, -0.029888322576880455, 0.006421815603971481, 0.08470448851585388, 0.04453611746430397, 0.041817452758550644, 0.016800997778773308, 0.051124315708875656, -0.015999848023056984, -0.001139424741268158, -0.050448790192604065, 0.023556306958198547, 0.007160014007240534, 0.03525189682841301, 0.027690762653946877, -0.05629390478134155, 0.0338238850235939, -0.04366922378540039, -0.016575204208493233, 0.07635635137557983, -0.06720329821109772, -0.03644132614135742, 0.0693465992808342, 0.03719862550497055, 0.01294504664838314, -0.0015349911991506815, 0.06346230208873749, 0.021142836660146713, 0.04127988591790199, 0.013821904547512531, -0.0319429486989975, -0.03386808931827545, 0.017526835203170776, -0.07519460469484329, 0.0019813692197203636, 0.06020338460803032, 0.022040262818336487, 0.10907299071550369, -0.03724128007888794, -0.0032152070198208094, -0.05088520795106888, -0.05878009274601936, 0.07334064692258835, 0.06762830913066864, 0.01651175506412983, -0.025602854788303375, 0.03955113887786865, 0.09781500697135925, 0.029892172664403915, 0.022291995584964752, -0.047225430607795715, 0.01846976950764656, 0.02381853573024273, 0.08530999720096588, 0.021135324612259865, -0.019117280840873718, 0.04838211461901665, -0.013146258890628815, -0.0328330472111702, 0.022202815860509872 ]
shes Worsening of chronic health problems and mental health conditions Increased use of alcohol , drugs , and other substances Healthy ways to cope with stress Learning to cope in a healthy way can help reduce your stress. Taking small steps in your daily life to manage stress can have a big impact. Everyone manages stress differently. You can find and manage what triggers your stress and the right combination of healthy techniques that work for you. Take care of your mind.
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.996
0.864
[]
478
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933322
[ 0.0716928169131279, 0.06745070219039917, 0.06817782670259476, 0.11685403436422348, 0.019743163138628006, 0.053548820316791534, 0.009063810110092163, -0.01489930972456932, -0.03315645456314087, -0.026272840797901154, 0.0030044596642255783, 0.0478413850069046, -0.038600288331508636, -0.007652947213500738, -0.007621648721396923, 0.0034760311245918274, -0.0726025253534317, 0.027359817177057266, -0.04775596037507057, 0.03830863535404205, -0.0601225346326828, -0.020385412499308586, 0.07241611182689667, 0.12272003293037415, -0.09725312888622284, 0.068929024040699, -0.04301488399505615, -0.05414969101548195, 0.04829800873994827, -0.012465246021747589, 0.06806434690952301, 0.006729409098625183, -0.03812558576464653, -0.010879538021981716, -0.04324599355459213, 0.014509057626128197, 0.004817636217921972, 0.10956592112779617, 0.024234073236584663, -0.020107470452785492, -0.0812809020280838, -0.00920851994305849, -0.038453612476587296, -0.0029796892777085304, -0.07027716934680939, -0.02636624313890934, -0.02012629061937332, 0.0014286937657743692, 0.00008856159547576681, -0.16508014500141144, -0.07019845396280289, 0.0052465819753706455, -0.021587856113910675, -0.06877388805150986, 0.08697137981653214, 0.023416882380843163, 0.0425434485077858, 0.015683386474847794, 0.03611303120851517, 0.06043292582035065, -0.039683956652879715, 0.04279699549078941, -0.043655797839164734, -0.006382404360920191, -0.018078291788697243, 0.01876058429479599, 0.01996353641152382, 0.05936052277684212, -0.019184978678822517, 0.005945311393588781, 0.010955709032714367, 0.03690875694155693, 0.04959123209118843, 0.029091227799654007, 0.09041433036327362, 0.11586611717939377, -0.0426129586994648, -0.034374307841062546, 0.043797943741083145, 0.11558280885219574, 0.09985292702913284, 0.11633509397506714, 0.043855685740709305, 0.013334224000573158, 0.005858339834958315, -0.053657542914152145, 0.03738497570157051, -0.11754147708415985, -0.020536357536911964, -0.05347722768783569, 0.07503343373537064, -0.05450606346130371, 0.01939784735441208, -0.038718607276678085, -0.009778137318789959, 0.05824945867061615, -0.07066565752029419, 0.025764815509319305, -0.04842250421643257, 0.007970714010298252, 0.0027891246136277914, 0.0629439577460289, -0.01539413072168827, 0.02202724479138851, -0.03591039776802063, 0.037534475326538086, 0.046805139631032944, -0.06542594730854034, 0.02358315698802471, -0.04394394904375076, -0.027390670031309128, 0.00981123186647892, -0.08875616639852524, -0.0009610216366127133, -0.027309419587254524, 0.035356488078832626, 0.0370451882481575, -0.034433893859386444, -0.02067096345126629, -0.032831914722919464, -0.03429214283823967, -0.060200709849596024, 0.02166321873664856, 0.026160549372434616, 0.0076433406211435795, -0.036688897758722305, -0.015206266194581985, 3.304089072182886e-33, 0.08887407928705215, 0.026114335283637047, -0.006727057509124279, 0.039264190942049026, 0.026995709165930748, 0.08939097821712494, -0.0018615822773426771, -0.00934219267219305, 0.06401697546243668, -0.044015802443027496, 0.007330873515456915, -0.06387209892272949, -0.07565274089574814, -0.034227900207042694, 0.0001914136519189924, -0.05620761588215828, -0.1382550597190857, 0.05827639624476433, 0.03861893340945244, 0.0684514120221138, -0.05875295400619507, -0.11447294801473618, 0.006462439429014921, 0.005256720818579197, -0.08258146792650223, 0.018381178379058838, 0.1498090624809265, 0.060009539127349854, -0.02826027385890484, -0.02606378123164177, -0.05194108560681343, 0.0034470269456505775, -0.007629122585058212, -0.03482101857662201, -0.04193904623389244, 0.0028976001776754856, -0.012352236546576023, 0.037290554493665695, -0.02024003677070141, -0.03864835947751999, -0.006867440417408943, 0.016519902274012566, 0.07172960788011551, 0.06970802694559097, 0.01574716344475746, 0.029223864898085594, 0.0444420650601387, -0.09662402421236038, -0.0916612297296524, 0.037180691957473755, -0.03700147941708565, -0.03752942755818367, -0.03807062655687332, -0.07133574783802032, -0.03888797014951706, -0.0018903161399066448, 0.018962573260068893, -0.15328502655029297, 0.012098816223442554, -0.015646427869796753, -0.005977306980639696, -0.1285906434059143, -0.09436162561178207, 0.04057936742901802, 0.11480925977230072, 0.021613825112581253, 0.058317624032497406, -0.07113566249608994, -0.0761185958981514, 0.016792019829154015, -0.06493254750967026, 0.053783055394887924, 0.04694829508662224, 0.004474118817597628, 0.024248065426945686, 0.0032185360323637724, 0.00687407748773694, -0.09679200500249863, -0.06605754047632217, -0.019840694963932037, 0.03881950303912163, -0.040921587496995926, 0.02481239102780819, 0.0019486462697386742, 0.06761960685253143, -0.010573620907962322, -0.019687702879309654, -0.009893287904560566, 0.023653289303183556, -0.01064541656523943, 0.03894694894552231, 0.007990265265107155, 0.04307397082448006, 0.06372306495904922, -0.032995324581861496, -2.8459496998415e-33, 0.01634061709046364, -0.000008662354048283305, -0.03800838813185692, -0.032877400517463684, 0.062196820974349976, -0.011933645233511925, -0.018664779141545296, -0.03759343549609184, -0.009296184405684471, -0.04343939572572708, 0.04926411807537079, -0.08267278969287872, 0.004872563295066357, 0.019036734476685524, 0.0015538213774561882, -0.017793387174606323, -0.02891254797577858, 0.019028181210160255, -0.03390722721815109, -0.06322954595088959, -0.09035830944776535, 0.017787830904126167, 0.05011555552482605, 0.05356797203421593, -0.006132318638265133, -0.004894458223134279, -0.030346587300300598, 0.026960358023643494, 0.09469123184680939, 0.08833162486553192, 0.05148806422948837, 0.0449560321867466, 0.029508013278245926, 0.007836034521460533, -0.0307364072650671, 0.060469888150691986, -0.018409090116620064, -0.03407296910881996, -0.06358001381158829, 0.026556096971035004, 0.01444582361727953, 0.058267224580049515, 0.00030180742032825947, -0.03901784121990204, 0.07355442643165588, 0.06992527097463608, 0.007739555090665817, -0.04397212341427803, -0.0017442944226786494, 0.02250504679977894, 0.02715613692998886, -0.05087871849536896, -0.03565538302063942, 0.08524852246046066, 0.08752020448446274, -0.07241261005401611, -0.004529602825641632, -0.06737813353538513, -0.014986507594585419, -0.010992311872541904, -0.07967209815979004, 0.020201636478304863, -0.0661630928516388, 0.020185722038149834, -0.01686478778719902, -0.06938917189836502, -0.007950532250106335, 0.024358969181776047, -0.021123642101883888, 0.06817512959241867, -0.03329281508922577, 0.0635066032409668, -0.029969776049256325, -0.043245475739240646, -0.01442914828658104, 0.035574693232774734, -0.05734271556138992, -0.022563979029655457, -0.013007830828428268, 0.0362456850707531, -0.004830444697290659, -0.042219407856464386, 0.03519769385457039, -0.07335036993026733, -0.07483968138694763, 0.023070968687534332, 0.028116654604673386, 0.10858633369207382, -0.006455718539655209, 0.07133422791957855, -0.05614038184285164, 0.06504799425601959, -0.011880626901984215, -0.04210186004638672, 0.0015715307090431452, -3.9409137286838813e-8, -0.02691550925374031, -0.06359945237636566, 0.03261406719684601, -0.013802158646285534, -0.03466109186410904, 0.003241001395508647, 0.015335546806454659, 0.0971091091632843, 0.004523579031229019, 0.05898585170507431, -0.03514116257429123, 0.014347153715789318, 0.00004914109013043344, 0.007826661691069603, 0.007635636255145073, -0.024083329364657402, 0.06689977645874023, 0.09342060983181, 0.04124204069375992, -0.016354072839021683, 0.03613753616809845, -0.08250086009502411, 0.08521883189678192, 0.016434624791145325, -0.04496634751558304, -0.07246170938014984, 0.056859418749809265, 0.08784690499305725, -0.01864890195429325, 0.03519705682992935, 0.04854822903871536, 0.01044875755906105, 0.09802788496017456, -0.03699538856744766, -0.04389301687479019, -0.04644956812262535, 0.08421530574560165, -0.06493102759122849, -0.033380176872015, 0.09423243999481201, -0.10780803859233856, 0.030319934710860252, -0.042473483830690384, 0.002495191525667906, -0.05806105583906174, -0.06942417472600937, -0.0064510623924434185, -0.009095439687371254, -0.017428183928132057, 0.014595141634345055, 0.05753765627741814, 0.07252653688192368, 0.02791476622223854, -0.01743016019463539, 0.019803021103143692, 0.03553035855293274, -0.0005610086373053491, -0.020533902570605278, -0.055843036621809006, -0.0022483852226287127, -0.011191481724381447, 0.06663863360881805, -0.0024270997382700443, 0.07852151244878769 ]
l for and write them down. 4 Connect with others. Talk with people you trust about your concerns and how you are feeling. Connect with your community-based or faith-based organizations. Gratitude works Gratitude may be the best kept secret to help reduce stress and feel better. Practicing gratitude every day can improve your physical and emotional well-being. Take care of your body. Get enough sleep. Go to bed and wake up at the same time each day to help you sleep better .
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.696
0.716
[]
478
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933344
[ 0.02276911586523056, 0.04458865523338318, 0.05958101153373718, 0.04677583649754524, 0.025657005608081818, 0.044257983565330505, 0.04891793057322502, 0.0005159267457202077, 0.05965492129325867, -0.10622571408748627, -0.04606141895055771, 0.005633297376334667, 0.03275736793875694, -0.009059957228600979, 0.03196420520544052, 0.02646154724061489, -0.0488424189388752, 0.10610481351613998, -0.0797082930803299, -0.01631719060242176, -0.06715695559978485, -0.027031222358345985, -0.016326600685715675, 0.10958977788686752, -0.05078358203172684, 0.09539079666137695, -0.0333918072283268, -0.055650338530540466, 0.06298559904098511, -0.039230916649103165, 0.0033105919137597084, -0.015128002502024174, 0.0670342743396759, -0.009398995898663998, -0.021149085834622383, 0.07479240745306015, 0.004315030295401812, -0.03200231119990349, 0.028499389067292213, -0.0450848750770092, -0.006598676089197397, -0.005204262677580118, 0.06504840403795242, -0.025822961702942848, 0.03595086559653282, -0.0346166267991066, -0.01632608473300934, 0.010443526320159435, 0.032824501395225525, -0.03927180543541908, -0.010050748474895954, 0.0568217895925045, -0.07986786216497421, 0.015243124216794968, 0.043362006545066833, 0.021518133580684662, 0.046593524515628815, 0.04828498139977455, 0.01927240937948227, 0.021448373794555664, 0.008531833998858929, 0.027575446292757988, 0.007669867482036352, 0.02345038205385208, 0.00795797724276781, 0.07956641167402267, -0.0060898130759596825, 0.0689876601099968, -0.04467933252453804, 0.008227529935538769, -0.04305320978164673, -0.05438461899757385, 0.05583128333091736, 0.014869015663862228, 0.023734526708722115, 0.09595039486885071, 0.028481366112828255, -0.05661127716302872, 0.08661796897649765, 0.05341317504644394, 0.0214096587151289, 0.13282687962055206, -0.0021389697212725878, -0.012262675911188126, -0.033434003591537476, -0.017351366579532623, 0.08723233640193939, 0.0056734695099294186, 0.01512807048857212, 0.02244064398109913, 0.06122325733304024, -0.0019992024172097445, -0.05339794233441353, 0.02844490297138691, -0.06789392977952957, -0.0194986741989851, -0.05678464099764824, 0.009028535336256027, -0.09326055645942688, 0.0802982747554779, 0.050165921449661255, -0.0032402316574007273, 0.004547659773379564, -0.0439208522439003, -0.0224100761115551, 0.1026855856180191, -0.08256841450929642, -0.012399100698530674, -0.012493318878114223, -0.06257268041372299, -0.06053556874394417, -0.016759801656007767, -0.035891175270080566, 0.022458845749497414, -0.009342522360384464, -0.019082192331552505, 0.04295019432902336, 0.07272417843341827, 0.09427407383918762, 0.034989580512046814, -0.0039809877052903175, -0.017887184396386147, 0.08231773972511292, -0.0309750996530056, 0.036023177206516266, 0.0890526995062828, 0.003376271575689316, 4.242340010334435e-33, 0.11241218447685242, 0.06515085697174072, 0.09740844368934631, 0.039631959050893784, -0.03286442905664444, 0.019448865205049515, -0.04423551633954048, 0.03264244273304939, 0.010942737571895123, -0.05833882838487625, 0.004141006153076887, 0.04113177955150604, 0.012751396745443344, -0.07123291492462158, -0.05700848624110222, -0.1009153425693512, -0.11211536079645157, -0.03165929391980171, -0.004780265036970377, 0.0579383410513401, -0.009172464720904827, -0.10563910007476807, 0.01133732870221138, 0.035694822669029236, 0.011136878281831741, -0.04980890452861786, 0.08299959450960159, -0.024048909544944763, -0.0490543507039547, -0.01689498871564865, -0.003352673491463065, -0.0007078482885845006, 0.07373819500207901, -0.027348753064870834, -0.0682445839047432, -0.0014769344124943018, 0.024763692170381546, 0.03476575016975403, -0.040533073246479034, -0.10048986971378326, 0.01992524042725563, 0.051745906472206116, -0.045655541121959686, 0.015557974576950073, 0.07688850909471512, 0.00715988501906395, 0.03862045705318451, -0.11453339457511902, -0.009781007654964924, -0.03362538665533066, -0.041100598871707916, -0.023020191118121147, -0.042480360716581345, -0.1154891848564148, -0.11174679547548294, -0.09984702616930008, -0.05407632142305374, 0.00033749817521311343, 0.003238813951611519, -0.02546335943043232, 0.06894781440496445, -0.1143752709031105, -0.06744041293859482, -0.0545889250934124, 0.014121436513960361, -0.01730818673968315, 0.01778651401400566, -0.03585508093237877, -0.02954362891614437, -0.003265619045123458, -0.03940275311470032, 0.04021977633237839, 0.06877996772527695, -0.007511210162192583, -0.012989580631256104, -0.01590910740196705, -0.04654506593942642, -0.13811059296131134, -0.009914086200296879, 0.012384979985654354, 0.01346601266413927, 0.033860113471746445, -0.036604080349206924, 0.03889894112944603, 0.12531650066375732, -0.06274832040071487, -0.08425083011388779, 0.02938544936478138, -0.021136140450835228, 0.031706418842077255, -0.044854264706373215, 0.01267111673951149, 0.1389266550540924, -0.009193366393446922, -0.04972713440656662, -2.507998931070931e-33, 0.07062152773141861, -0.011821355670690536, -0.0005970951169729233, 0.006140753626823425, -0.025188224390149117, -0.04196788743138313, -0.06285913288593292, -0.07070564478635788, -0.03192027658224106, 0.08685826510190964, 0.06972528249025345, 0.009019339457154274, 0.014084013178944588, -0.0035251202061772346, -0.037881895899772644, -0.09876178205013275, 0.07243278622627258, 0.05332266911864281, -0.10768721997737885, -0.046817127615213394, -0.07382550835609436, 0.0160685982555151, 0.0220412015914917, -0.00876814778894186, 0.06117286533117294, 0.005369704682379961, 0.04691865295171738, 0.02857844904065132, 0.10001790523529053, -0.017173510044813156, 0.039347562938928604, 0.054566118866205215, -0.02084980346262455, 0.011395803652703762, -0.0353594608604908, 0.01530920248478651, 0.05346568301320076, -0.022921545431017876, -0.08689798414707184, 0.015778658911585808, 0.047028593719005585, 0.003347988473251462, -0.02465258724987507, -0.04887380450963974, 0.024563608691096306, 0.008836164139211178, -0.025809649378061295, -0.061081938445568085, -0.05319301038980484, 0.03335614502429962, 0.010606500320136547, -0.1059284657239914, -0.009807230904698372, 0.022382598370313644, 0.07266756892204285, -0.003091291058808565, -0.02048468589782715, -0.07734590768814087, -0.05171692743897438, -0.021235603839159012, -0.10939949005842209, -0.019570767879486084, -0.013861301355063915, 0.07681215554475784, 0.004747593775391579, -0.040372081100940704, 0.030876757577061653, 0.03464813902974129, -0.055252790451049805, 0.009849375113844872, -0.04360812157392502, 0.07095037400722504, 0.041813209652900696, -0.02743660844862461, 0.02444554679095745, -0.047276780009269714, -0.041607677936553955, -0.01753905415534973, -0.01740257814526558, -0.05183384567499161, 0.02142299711704254, 0.011920836754143238, 0.06698858737945557, -0.08174870163202286, -0.0926155224442482, -0.006870581302791834, 0.05646577849984169, 0.05932995676994324, 0.024872301146388054, 0.03150729462504387, -0.09039609134197235, 0.06465153396129608, 0.0016492991708219051, 0.03517093509435654, 0.049587126821279526, -4.819533927502562e-8, 0.03809596598148346, -0.12467894703149796, -0.006811446510255337, 0.013241740874946117, -0.050034523010253906, -0.01727472059428692, 0.019543780013918877, 0.04743779078125954, -0.025540193542838097, 0.032603759318590164, 0.016742190346121788, -0.0714237317442894, 0.002143558580428362, -0.006402063649147749, 0.09342044591903687, -0.04659665748476982, 0.060914576053619385, 0.051128532737493515, -0.004079247359186411, -0.0326087586581707, 0.0408756323158741, -0.04579317942261696, -0.04949329420924187, 0.011885288171470165, 0.07667407393455505, -0.012959208339452744, 0.04164711385965347, 0.029466120526194572, -0.057542089372873306, -0.021896163001656532, 0.03650001436471939, -0.0293422918766737, 0.018654169514775276, -0.019081121310591698, 0.0412793792784214, -0.06035875156521797, 0.09317195415496826, -0.043621327728033066, 0.06819063425064087, 0.10577195137739182, -0.022836660966277122, 0.08547215908765793, -0.031335875391960144, -0.0022965064272284508, -0.005411218851804733, -0.00280344788916409, 0.025602217763662338, 0.05498115345835686, -0.09656523913145065, -0.03345752879977226, 0.07255581766366959, -0.004434698726981878, 0.0318586528301239, 0.006307405885308981, -0.06447630375623703, 0.03858227655291557, 0.016723114997148514, 0.04417954385280609, 0.044927969574928284, -0.06009668484330177, 0.019571557641029358, 0.008072026073932648, -0.06907014548778534, -0.0008516564848832786 ]
the same time each day to help you sleep better . Adults need 7 or more hours per night. 5 Move more. Staying physically healthy can improve your emotional well-being. Every little bit of physical activity helps. Start small and build up to 2 ½ hours a week. Break it into smaller amounts such as 20 to 30 minutes a day. Eat healthy. Have fruits and vegetables, lean protein, whole grains, and low-fat or no-fat dairy. Limit foods with unhealthy fats, salt, and added sugars. See Healthy Eating Tips .
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.1
0.73
[]
501
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933367
[ 0.04670557379722595, 0.044385526329278946, 0.04381104186177254, 0.13316386938095093, -0.0005327820545062423, -0.004324621986597776, -0.08712359517812729, -0.01235042791813612, -0.032119158655405045, -0.057868871837854385, -0.034024424850940704, 0.038456615060567856, 0.01670120283961296, -0.02945043332874775, 0.07966751605272293, 0.08070212602615356, 0.06722695380449295, 0.06866910308599472, 0.013933112844824791, -0.021754229441285133, 0.007529054768383503, -0.04691608250141144, 0.09586465358734131, 0.010491237975656986, 0.026251139119267464, 0.0457640066742897, -0.006747845560312271, -0.02796589583158493, 0.05521490424871445, -0.03412184491753578, 0.053961243480443954, -0.05720648542046547, 0.07783221453428268, 0.02324431762099266, -0.05036173388361931, 0.05557933449745178, 0.044653065502643585, -0.035382043570280075, -0.07795558124780655, -0.039775196462869644, 0.04322417825460434, 0.026889286935329437, -0.008300253190100193, -0.02679583430290222, -0.07973085343837738, -0.014087214134633541, -0.007278065662831068, -0.025974875316023827, 0.06416820734739304, -0.02854294143617153, -0.027564767748117447, 0.07534577697515488, -0.05774344131350517, -0.07733730971813202, 0.10904107242822647, 0.10287689417600632, -0.02484673075377941, -0.004744022153317928, 0.1017918735742569, 0.07162017375230789, 0.032806236296892166, 0.055013153702020645, 0.06825350970029831, -0.0613936185836792, 0.010400719940662384, 0.02223215624690056, -0.04046860337257385, -0.0006576928426511586, -0.049063943326473236, 0.031215256080031395, -0.07782591879367828, -0.07399126887321472, -0.04279301315546036, -0.018852598965168, -0.005869859829545021, 0.08103295415639877, -0.0031572917941957712, 0.007106110919266939, 0.08006925880908966, 0.010493407025933266, -0.0017145491437986493, 0.09728126227855682, 0.021171176806092262, 0.016422726213932037, 0.04074941202998161, 0.013777519576251507, 0.022246625274419785, 0.09742151200771332, -0.020610323175787926, 0.08491364866495132, 0.03882879018783569, -0.03307923674583435, -0.02894398756325245, 0.0437651090323925, 0.046345192939043045, -0.04718301072716713, -0.08707617223262787, -0.033356744796037674, -0.026285488158464432, -0.013778320513665676, 0.023200463503599167, 0.012529204599559307, 0.060436565428972244, -0.00727930897846818, -0.0474998839199543, 0.04336727783083916, -0.015080505982041359, 0.019471783190965652, -0.06517557799816132, -0.007650338113307953, -0.020674388855695724, 0.018875572830438614, -0.03679419681429863, 0.0498654805123806, 0.07357314974069595, 0.03523672744631767, 0.03387675806879997, 0.03260313346982002, 0.055255141109228134, 0.04284900426864624, 0.03505475074052811, -0.012621513567864895, 0.08727764338254929, -0.06957215070724487, 0.039286162704229355, 0.07411307096481323, 0.03261806070804596, 4.261985827014537e-33, 0.0535229817032814, 0.0391521155834198, 0.0380917526781559, 0.07637787610292435, -0.03268914297223091, -0.0006515503046102822, 0.028183164075016975, 0.019421346485614777, 0.04431792348623276, -0.018532468006014824, -0.03426969423890114, -0.0535452626645565, -0.001106175361201167, 0.03316605091094971, -0.050235260277986526, -0.08043072372674942, -0.002787573030218482, -0.0014735577860847116, 0.001729494659230113, -0.0028548212721943855, -0.028691506013274193, -0.14520834386348724, 0.02743973582983017, -0.04513214901089668, -0.029016906395554543, -0.04872635751962662, 0.10466542840003967, -0.010557957924902439, -0.021375194191932678, -0.0422273725271225, -0.034346938133239746, -0.0035407536197453737, -0.04289092868566513, 0.03165191784501076, 0.03179832175374031, -0.02786642126739025, 0.05324477702379227, 0.06486981362104416, -0.03473960980772972, -0.009857314638793468, 0.02041587233543396, 0.0707094818353653, 0.00504186050966382, 0.04193692281842232, 0.05200952664017677, 0.066912442445755, 0.004222070332616568, -0.08366163074970245, -0.04161999002099037, -0.019635498523712158, -0.044698212295770645, -0.006652383599430323, 0.020688191056251526, -0.11735156178474426, -0.04185577109456062, -0.021364504471421242, -0.06704941391944885, 0.011237437836825848, -0.04653549566864967, 0.022563772276043892, 0.05259540677070618, -0.0760107934474945, -0.02958369441330433, 0.02652423083782196, 0.02225339040160179, 0.08330854028463364, 0.027143804356455803, -0.06623528897762299, -0.053241875022649765, -0.001453916309401393, 0.05500991642475128, -0.011088186874985695, 0.049113593995571136, -0.02591850236058235, 0.0039384146220982075, -0.04529673233628273, 0.0008701165788806975, -0.09073144197463989, -0.11219892650842667, -0.010687011294066906, 0.0540509857237339, 0.05145199969410896, -0.03657892718911171, -0.01623341627418995, 0.08101730793714523, -0.01814112812280655, -0.12654873728752136, 0.06586986035108566, 0.018933730199933052, -0.005826481152325869, -0.10289349406957626, -0.08021513372659683, 0.06205756217241287, 0.04498693346977234, -0.0988423079252243, -2.200188755810407e-33, 0.07671866565942764, -0.06754079461097717, 0.06372278928756714, -0.03875942900776863, 0.0024849865585565567, -0.05843886360526085, -0.03275122493505478, -0.014116747304797173, 0.022897616028785706, 0.06474656611680984, 0.02109643630683422, -0.07229902595281601, 0.08492638170719147, -0.06924153864383698, 0.032885562628507614, -0.04407104104757309, -0.001662774826399982, -0.022598955780267715, -0.008258864283561707, 0.042977843433618546, 0.04016973450779915, -0.032234076410532, -0.011085137724876404, -0.053011998534202576, 0.05346345528960228, 0.021892474964261055, -0.00245988299138844, 0.11349061876535416, 0.05722044035792351, 0.015515217557549477, -0.012807057239115238, -0.00323888985440135, 0.0015578760067000985, -0.06953568011522293, -0.0036592958495020866, -0.0030443582218140364, -0.014343942515552044, 0.03889486938714981, 0.031345389783382416, 0.06570958346128464, -0.009199053049087524, 0.0024192132987082005, -0.061583198606967926, -0.05702298507094383, -0.00038053738535381854, 0.008157613687217236, 0.0056254444643855095, -0.06906120479106903, -0.09707160294055939, -0.007402497809380293, 0.05490894615650177, -0.06172317638993263, -0.02569274604320526, -0.039092056453228, 0.05541747435927391, -0.09172368794679642, -0.014604209922254086, -0.07320937514305115, -0.022339502349495888, -0.040480535477399826, -0.07982809841632843, 0.010199090465903282, -0.07433285564184189, 0.010675662197172642, -0.006942974403500557, 0.02808568999171257, 0.026847630739212036, -0.07682687044143677, -0.048932719975709915, -0.04351484403014183, -0.06147204339504242, -0.037629302591085434, 0.050594083964824677, 0.019060079008340836, -0.048765629529953, -0.061672743409872055, 0.01947418600320816, 0.017522968351840973, -0.01694699004292488, 0.008870960213243961, -0.07672590762376785, -0.07918666303157806, 0.00032637122785672545, -0.09653152525424957, -0.11389832943677902, -0.004491365514695644, 0.04340445250272751, 0.01691109873354435, 0.04469483345746994, 0.0529630221426487, -0.07194563746452332, 0.0224319938570261, -0.004039317835122347, 0.05876671150326729, 0.03906617313623428, -4.1719122378935936e-8, 0.09166417270898819, -0.0484800860285759, -0.02081875316798687, 0.05875052884221077, -0.0427154079079628, -0.08340200036764145, 0.02993052452802658, -0.010579871945083141, -0.0056474776938557625, 0.018348736688494682, 0.07413074374198914, -0.022072741761803627, 0.1338488608598709, -0.014953790232539177, -0.08159493654966354, -0.07371675968170166, 0.05365503579378128, 0.07435581088066101, 0.040604669600725174, -0.015638958662748337, 0.04021802917122841, -0.07796668261289597, -0.0017052909824997187, -0.008901646360754967, 0.03462139889597893, -0.013584071770310402, 0.07710133492946625, -0.0031607544515281916, -0.04890066757798195, -0.02967124432325363, 0.12546703219413757, 0.004911855794489384, -0.005990646779537201, 0.027627279981970787, -0.024371135979890823, -0.09999623149633408, 0.04845648258924484, -0.012679431587457657, -0.028809498995542526, 0.04247637465596199, -0.038186099380254745, 0.07384293526411057, 0.010314122773706913, -0.02511850744485855, 0.02270469069480896, 0.07378072291612625, -0.05658019706606865, 0.025909213349223137, 0.04632684588432312, 0.037196867167949677, 0.1019645407795906, 0.010320773348212242, 0.03160414099693298, -0.05994578078389168, -0.027049312368035316, 0.07416633516550064, 0.03001951240003109, 0.03165186569094658, 0.06742268800735474, -0.06893500685691833, -0.042799875140190125, 0.017266683280467987, -0.08473213762044907, -0.0447978712618351 ]
rove your mental health. See how to get started . Resources and support Resources CDC's Improve Your Emotional Well-Being CDC's Coping with a Disaster or Traumatic Event Tools for Supporting Emotional Wellbeing in Children and Youth I'm So Stressed Out! Fact Sheet (NIMH) Stress: MedlinePlus Caring for Your Mental Health - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (nih.gov) Mindfulness Coach – PTSD: National Center for PTSD (va.gov) June 9, 2025 Sources Print Share Facebook LinkedIn Twitter Syndicate Conten
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.7
0.856
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933387
[ 0.020287364721298218, 0.029443440958857536, 0.032819025218486786, 0.08350528031587601, 0.07573569566011429, 0.030406469479203224, 0.0021127723157405853, 0.007444269489496946, 0.009672921150922775, -0.019905632361769676, 0.014947756193578243, -0.01792871206998825, -0.010199046693742275, 0.006994963623583317, 0.017117653042078018, -0.013268860056996346, -0.016763724386692047, 0.061803579330444336, -0.03339153900742531, -0.02985531836748123, -0.0645841583609581, 0.034071750938892365, -0.03215015307068825, 0.04396052658557892, -0.03887052461504936, 0.11182229220867157, -0.032433900982141495, -0.04522985965013504, 0.009832847863435745, 0.028923844918608665, 0.08162014931440353, -0.08300306648015976, -0.04215557873249054, -0.00017886297428049147, 0.07623742520809174, 0.05779598280787468, 0.007952908985316753, 0.028600169345736504, -0.0504288487136364, 0.03198465332388878, -0.025239694863557816, 0.003078494220972061, 0.05119793117046356, -0.06628762930631638, -0.011432792991399765, -0.020463207736611366, -0.04824984446167946, -0.01216045580804348, 0.02068738080561161, -0.0640237107872963, 0.002118155127391219, -0.0029769258107990026, 0.005912092048674822, 0.053167786449193954, 0.053153544664382935, -0.030752280727028847, 0.047175608575344086, -0.0030978082213550806, -0.044547658413648605, 0.009746510535478592, 0.020346373319625854, 0.030222410336136818, -0.0481799878180027, -0.03299933671951294, -0.0321163535118103, 0.0619690865278244, 0.04005459323525429, 0.09971261769533157, 0.04790560528635979, -0.041779376566410065, -0.03293902054429054, -0.0914587676525116, 0.0843745544552803, 0.09654206782579422, 0.01911843940615654, 0.06835892796516418, 0.014199532568454742, -0.020206013694405556, 0.12186636030673981, 0.015477530658245087, 0.0923747569322586, 0.09412255883216858, 0.04468478262424469, -0.04931601881980896, -0.010426581837236881, -0.015007665380835533, 0.019537415355443954, 0.030669977888464928, 0.023673048242926598, 0.1259339451789856, 0.03481857851147652, -0.029920324683189392, 0.06498002260923386, 0.04050363972783089, 0.010459509678184986, 0.014363734982907772, -0.0816485658288002, -0.004624068271368742, -0.0790276750922203, -0.028713634237647057, 0.03240223973989487, -0.026853106915950775, -0.02274705469608307, 0.016645601019263268, -0.04381312057375908, 0.0014221746241673827, -0.029507415369153023, -0.060882195830345154, -0.04741624742746353, 0.012699872255325317, -0.08058299869298935, 0.035403043031692505, 0.025432836264371872, -0.0581437423825264, 0.06368076056241989, -0.008054066449403763, -0.010339823551476002, 0.033211853355169296, 0.03541852533817291, -0.013152945786714554, 0.0016017729649320245, 0.003194341901689768, -0.03156442940235138, 0.002332026371732354, 0.04304061457514763, -0.004900587256997824, -0.02234489470720291, 5.415998753259516e-33, 0.0903332531452179, 0.03019663132727146, 0.03631257638335228, 0.07836998254060745, 0.02633638307452202, 0.027475595474243164, 0.0014540087431669235, -0.03901785984635353, 0.0033503121230751276, -0.03760068491101265, -0.011013828217983246, 0.008243722841143608, -0.04889517277479172, -0.025950228795409203, -0.12760260701179504, -0.020649399608373642, -0.13725429773330688, 0.024148011580109596, -0.004055377095937729, 0.09936150163412094, -0.07103243470191956, -0.048082854598760605, 0.04368205368518829, 0.054382022470235825, 0.06471133232116699, 0.021857086569070816, 0.016018427908420563, -0.04530264064669609, 0.03516285866498947, 0.005301615223288536, -0.06695802509784698, 0.0034100699704140425, 0.016901692375540733, -0.10277781635522842, -0.08221089839935303, 0.006042982917279005, -0.020880449563264847, 0.003502948209643364, -0.030650708824396133, -0.06508130580186844, -0.045330267399549484, 0.07631731778383255, -0.01928657479584217, 0.05361378192901611, 0.04248791188001633, 0.07896057516336441, -0.04279695823788643, -0.09615449607372284, -0.005608175881206989, -0.015136608853936195, -0.04187601059675217, -0.014325871132314205, -0.06693702936172485, -0.11435577273368835, -0.043654125183820724, -0.06269652396440506, 0.024763567373156548, -0.0035743273328989744, 0.02097218483686447, -0.03460923954844475, 0.04621691256761551, -0.079583078622818, -0.0725279375910759, -0.07999636977910995, 0.060698170214891434, -0.026468437165021896, 0.03688890486955643, -0.04251899570226669, -0.01284884288907051, -0.04844844341278076, -0.06578673422336578, 0.0353066623210907, 0.07193676382303238, 0.009692463092505932, 0.010423538275063038, -0.07018565386533737, 0.008555804379284382, -0.07302330434322357, -0.09412609040737152, 0.0003939862363040447, -0.014211392030119896, 0.023286884650588036, -0.055305495858192444, 0.026757653802633286, 0.06707729399204254, -0.062270525842905045, -0.10899442434310913, 0.004009968601167202, -0.07511255890130997, -0.0217488594353199, -0.03104552999138832, -0.042215120047330856, 0.13142140209674835, 0.07267576456069946, -0.10411032289266586, -5.155184107460898e-33, 0.058265555649995804, -0.03290403261780739, -0.05666620656847954, -0.0031118011102080345, 0.05053465813398361, -0.005916592199355364, -0.0588688887655735, -0.05283936858177185, 0.009086478501558304, 0.03485209867358208, -0.024420861154794693, -0.0859910398721695, 0.04224933311343193, 0.07988103479146957, -0.04536579176783562, -0.09069178998470306, -0.04426899179816246, 0.04639478772878647, -0.07993223518133163, -0.030998550355434418, 0.025545451790094376, 0.024085648357868195, -0.012973371893167496, 0.04585014656186104, 0.06663686037063599, 0.0026141011621803045, -0.01544970367103815, 0.029964329674839973, 0.08207548409700394, -0.015918582677841187, 0.04650896415114403, 0.07092287391424179, 0.015409753657877445, 0.03343362361192703, -0.0396413579583168, 0.07111804932355881, 0.07322686165571213, -0.04151203855872154, -0.1434687227010727, -0.053630948066711426, 0.08909345418214798, 0.08077967166900635, -0.05676107481122017, 0.030316049233078957, -0.05373917892575264, 0.08420369774103165, 0.006451545283198357, 0.04345959797501564, -0.05380411818623543, 0.03398752212524414, -0.03231603652238846, -0.07342257350683212, -0.04039974510669708, 0.03692511469125748, 0.06759223341941833, -0.05697618052363396, -0.03846006095409393, -0.05744972825050354, -0.15002064406871796, 0.010424265637993813, -0.05663418397307396, 0.01271803304553032, -0.10258972644805908, 0.02231147512793541, -0.04827359691262245, -0.0555749349296093, -0.030580753460526466, -0.007986629381775856, -0.0693352222442627, 0.006354425102472305, -0.054479677230119705, 0.113760806620121, 0.011627565138041973, -0.039450280368328094, -0.011710853315889835, -0.0017363505903631449, -0.009350636042654514, 0.01000527199357748, -0.07710407674312592, 0.04333685338497162, 0.039343561977148056, -0.03680713102221489, -0.0157665703445673, 0.003179448191076517, -0.014544851146638393, 0.10677443444728851, 0.11662101000547409, 0.07758647948503494, -0.03119877725839615, 0.03562265634536743, -0.11351942270994186, 0.01545359380543232, -0.047167278826236725, 0.08644013106822968, 0.03411790356040001, -4.3164678942275714e-8, 0.03535280004143715, -0.0650278776884079, 0.0034929923713207245, -0.05343832075595856, -0.00817793607711792, -0.013725471682846546, -0.03418337181210518, 0.07751164585351944, -0.012772000394761562, 0.07185838371515274, 0.0029881526716053486, -0.02579328790307045, -0.01751839742064476, 0.007994238287210464, 0.02358310855925083, -0.07908329367637634, 0.09580677002668381, 0.07297002524137497, 0.037101615220308304, -0.03313944861292839, -0.006217391230165958, 0.030612589791417122, -0.0016977502964437008, 0.03769487515091896, 0.019726155325770378, -0.001443600282073021, 0.007751382887363434, 0.024077732115983963, -0.07968874275684357, -0.018188443034887314, 0.057772692292928696, -0.019117020070552826, 0.03471359610557556, -0.04044317454099655, -0.0098060118034482, -0.022682733833789825, 0.037291474640369415, -0.036570094525814056, 0.06373056024312973, 0.033017463982105255, -0.0009699697839096189, 0.0997457504272461, 0.03945185989141464, 0.02634449116885662, -0.02233792096376419, -0.02844782918691635, -0.007217356935143471, 0.011598368175327778, -0.013429509475827217, -0.0029878790955990553, 0.0328039787709713, -0.03831780329346657, 0.014280587434768677, -0.009308677166700363, 0.006164185237139463, 0.07398784160614014, -0.0005278113530948758, 0.0614096038043499, 0.021340781822800636, 0.022142473608255386, 0.061804771423339844, -0.0009514964767731726, -0.040123943239450455, 0.10678838193416595 ]
t Share Facebook LinkedIn Twitter Syndicate Content Source: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control References National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). I’m so stressed out fact sheet. Retrieved on June 24, 2024 from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/so-stressed-out-fact-sheet National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. (2022). Stress. Retrieved on June 24, 2024 from https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/stress CDC. (2023). Worry and Anxiety .
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.696
0.664
[]
480
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933406
[ 0.0424138642847538, 0.04631642997264862, 0.0032862466759979725, 0.1256868541240692, 0.12464819103479385, 0.052763231098651886, 0.05323931574821472, 0.03536490350961685, 0.002301071071997285, -0.017940348014235497, -0.009006005711853504, 0.022949369624257088, -0.015697933733463287, -0.02279215306043625, 0.0007720492430962622, 0.012650346383452415, 0.010490257292985916, -0.011354289948940277, -0.03992195054888725, 0.06079866364598274, 0.007434351369738579, 0.06045302748680115, 0.007200059946626425, 0.050114329904317856, -0.05412895232439041, 0.07371605932712555, -0.04653538390994072, -0.0693640485405922, 0.06110072135925293, 0.0281416866928339, 0.03233226761221886, 0.02719353325664997, 0.00002381437661824748, -0.03364665061235428, 0.05303669720888138, -0.010472651571035385, 0.020350046455860138, 0.015373960137367249, 0.0475858598947525, 0.02147449553012848, -0.014907687902450562, -0.08076509833335876, 0.07973547279834747, -0.02419465035200119, 0.05641268193721771, 0.07657480239868164, -0.06817290186882019, 0.025752007961273193, -0.015843402594327927, -0.01151916291564703, -0.06121484562754631, 0.002878338098526001, 0.03276287019252777, -0.011408372782170773, 0.0835694894194603, -0.0027376930229365826, -0.0033396040089428425, 0.016842607408761978, -0.08186744898557663, 0.12111731618642807, 0.04442181810736656, -0.023729922249913216, 0.009009488858282566, 0.0319647490978241, 0.026220975443720818, 0.10519909113645554, 0.008891794830560684, 0.10051026195287704, -0.006386082153767347, -0.049818508327007294, -0.015171248465776443, -0.05537600815296173, 0.03454706445336342, 0.06323536485433578, 0.07284720987081528, 0.0690874382853508, 0.005336878355592489, -0.025662116706371307, 0.08214722573757172, 0.002579985884949565, 0.0647844523191452, 0.031230250373482704, 0.07225102186203003, -0.056982092559337616, -0.022224733605980873, -0.06291797757148743, 0.10650849342346191, 0.03171728551387787, -0.016118459403514862, 0.1138894185423851, 0.060773856937885284, -0.044467438012361526, 0.030900610610842705, 0.06250831484794617, -0.002748844912275672, 0.02303732931613922, -0.12779444456100464, 0.02024468034505844, -0.11376902461051941, -0.002091207541525364, 0.004234281834214926, -0.04178319871425629, -0.03533314913511276, 0.06890138983726501, -0.06390368193387985, -0.04016287997364998, -0.013716312125325203, -0.07102228701114655, 0.021340874955058098, 0.022911082953214645, -0.05297385901212692, -0.00294224894605577, 0.029601629823446274, -0.11611083149909973, 0.02904960885643959, -0.026273692026734352, 0.02575700730085373, 0.06741517782211304, 0.11602022498846054, 0.006941178347915411, 0.018174130469560623, 0.03145483508706093, -0.046161264181137085, 0.00991156417876482, 0.012322142720222473, -0.021541401743888855, -0.06569842994213104, 1.8149641960245735e-33, 0.1169351264834404, 0.026326753199100494, 0.02973097190260887, 0.032136306166648865, -0.03998246043920517, -0.020735980942845345, -0.08001220971345901, -0.06988906115293503, 0.012053314596414566, -0.026380883529782295, -0.068217933177948, -0.04810060188174248, -0.031853169202804565, -0.016369730234146118, -0.07580915093421936, -0.010848566889762878, -0.08907881379127502, 0.042620979249477386, 0.07573861628770828, 0.04230505973100662, -0.04073350504040718, -0.04600520059466362, -0.02246836945414543, 0.046184901148080826, -0.03820999339222908, 0.046743668615818024, 0.029057445004582405, -0.062308166176080704, -0.00572144566103816, 0.019946439191699028, -0.04583274573087692, -0.0014710272662341595, 0.015258864499628544, -0.07968773692846298, -0.030064236372709274, -0.011139385402202606, -0.00730747077614069, -0.0073006488382816315, -0.009898117743432522, -0.05714128538966179, 0.020045479759573936, 0.09676440060138702, 0.04313074052333832, 0.06401829421520233, 0.042243171483278275, -0.004820422735065222, -0.04739464819431305, -0.09560003876686096, 0.03200983256101608, -0.055542126297950745, -0.04851745069026947, 0.03308892622590065, -0.03546225652098656, -0.04812023043632507, -0.05261322483420372, -0.05773137882351875, -0.04078666865825653, -0.05069025233387947, 0.00048571720253676176, 0.05141650140285492, 0.008017176762223244, -0.015681196004152298, -0.06833116710186005, -0.06899774819612503, 0.0035163378342986107, 0.004716972820460796, -0.09179812669754028, -0.029836690053343773, -0.029143327847123146, 0.003275730647146702, -0.050009939819574356, 0.03549369052052498, 0.03266502916812897, -0.019326765090227127, -0.017779352143406868, 0.0018990819808095694, -0.023366909474134445, -0.022449761629104614, -0.08579950034618378, -0.04167046397924423, 0.04709703475236893, 0.03269759938120842, 0.009126558899879456, 0.02191022038459778, 0.019849950447678566, -0.02539852447807789, -0.020850278437137604, -0.006944010034203529, -0.022009607404470444, -0.002987099578604102, 0.009227638132870197, 0.024779250845313072, 0.062304697930812836, 0.04321280121803284, -0.0768795982003212, -2.6172074990501064e-33, -0.025666143745183945, -0.010811041109263897, -0.026661716401576996, -0.0033095008693635464, 0.07443510740995407, -0.0062478892505168915, -0.011371087282896042, 0.0045568677596747875, 0.04717344045639038, 0.06005863472819328, 0.052005041390657425, -0.10574937611818314, -0.004474039655178785, 0.024872932583093643, -0.027836322784423828, -0.07505030184984207, -0.0737961158156395, 0.05173131078481674, -0.11252448707818985, -0.042194657027721405, -0.02163337543606758, -0.019693026319146156, 0.01805035024881363, 0.04609804227948189, 0.017575539648532867, 0.04400850087404251, 0.026251018047332764, -0.03668009862303734, 0.0814661979675293, 0.016200244426727295, -0.05338536575436592, -0.01119550783187151, -0.07941536605358124, 0.04853134602308273, -0.0291918832808733, 0.047877706587314606, 0.021134598180651665, -0.0459584966301918, -0.11360606551170349, -0.09631717950105667, 0.04380461946129799, 0.0758654773235321, -0.04205574467778206, 0.0557437539100647, 0.003471815027296543, 0.040620531886816025, 0.025207336992025375, 0.016402607783675194, -0.04245303198695183, 0.09568504989147186, -0.01820272207260132, -0.05246913060545921, -0.012947049923241138, -0.0004709823988378048, 0.06609517335891724, -0.12093694508075714, -0.045582786202430725, -0.07827792316675186, -0.1664939671754837, 0.054094478487968445, -0.048374075442552567, 0.05130806937813759, -0.14629259705543518, -0.022643104195594788, 0.013830323703587055, -0.08739786595106125, -0.02738829143345356, -0.05961380526423454, -0.021256839856505394, 0.01822633296251297, -0.05287856236100197, 0.010572781786322594, -0.06747457385063171, -0.07652747631072998, -0.03257790580391884, 0.014082984067499638, -0.019245149567723274, 0.017925545573234558, -0.029660476371645927, 0.036808211356401443, -0.006959330756217241, -0.00041075082845054567, 0.058983493596315384, 0.023325448855757713, 0.012181181460618973, 0.07440382242202759, 0.08354416489601135, 0.12283612787723541, -0.042759738862514496, 0.05705925449728966, -0.11446584016084671, 0.06476148217916489, -0.1146581619977951, 0.0019281007116660476, 0.027712572365999222, -6.160312437941684e-8, 0.031112514436244965, -0.045553166419267654, -0.023477721959352493, -0.03249036893248558, 0.05471624433994293, -0.001283644000068307, 0.020086947828531265, 0.034573715180158615, -0.04234253242611885, 0.0386693999171257, 0.041845809668302536, -0.007671748753637075, -0.004990761633962393, -0.019010215997695923, -0.011379552073776722, -0.07887142151594162, -0.010521394200623035, 0.0442587248980999, 0.031146390363574028, -0.06590831279754639, -0.01562521420419216, -0.05348914861679077, -0.0042489091865718365, 0.01159121934324503, -0.0030335101764649153, 0.024535421282052994, -0.04464592784643173, 0.09543502330780029, 0.0030307555571198463, 0.044908761978149414, 0.03270527720451355, -0.024760786443948746, 0.017435958608984947, -0.08540406078100204, -0.02953772060573101, -0.025372333824634552, 0.037226155400276184, -0.027090715244412422, 0.03498676046729088, 0.0037340784911066294, -0.04059947282075882, 0.048826709389686584, 0.061523184180259705, 0.07647555321455002, 0.054887741804122925, -0.05552660673856735, 0.01764816604554653, 0.011098213493824005, -0.03478926047682762, -0.03686441853642464, 0.038574982434511185, -0.03381427004933357, 0.025937126949429512, 0.10156777501106262, 0.006744741462171078, 0.08747082203626633, -0.03481515869498253, 0.04913569986820221, -0.001374049810692668, -0.03568631038069725, 0.12735185027122498, -0.014681658707559109, -0.04029624164104462, 0.0447760634124279 ]
ov/health/stress CDC. (2023). Worry and Anxiety . Retrieved on July 18, 2024 from https://www.cdc.gov/howrightnow/emotion/worry/index.html . National Institute of Mental Health. (2024). Caring for your mental health . Retrieved on June 24, 2024 from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/caring-for-your-mental-health CDC. (2024). About Sleep. Retrieved on July 12, 2024 from https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/living-with/index.html
Managing Stress | Mental Health
cdc.gov
0.684
0.54
[]
419
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.933425
[ 0.017158344388008118, -0.0038517804350703955, -0.030383219942450523, 0.11126746982336044, 0.0872669667005539, 0.046800434589385986, -0.06389792263507843, -0.015554895624518394, 0.013111049309372902, -0.02963062934577465, 0.013235383667051792, 0.04648084565997124, -0.038224294781684875, -0.03367581218481064, -0.08657139539718628, 0.03856613114476204, -0.07502971589565277, 0.019325830042362213, 0.010257133282721043, 0.044065605849027634, -0.0025367492344230413, 0.015179420821368694, 0.05626518651843071, 0.020593831315636635, -0.03439371660351753, 0.02666890062391758, -0.009744428098201752, -0.11524704843759537, 0.027285700663924217, 0.08453904092311859, -0.0286724716424942, -0.010135315358638763, -0.012327264994382858, -0.0074595073238015175, 0.039585012942552567, -0.04991157725453377, 0.02129804715514183, 0.012627389281988144, 0.017688995227217674, 0.017076430842280388, -0.03999009355902672, -0.08225297927856445, 0.09666374325752258, 0.027009977027773857, -0.02670169621706009, 0.03343634307384491, -0.044597238302230835, -0.04513581842184067, -0.031201256439089775, 0.012656315229833126, -0.08159870654344559, -0.02559373341500759, -0.002453957451507449, 0.022451769560575485, 0.050542689859867096, -0.01203079242259264, -0.03118298202753067, -0.011977276764810085, -0.019378582015633583, 0.06568784266710281, -0.03482256084680557, -0.010479690507054329, -0.02507142350077629, 0.017863934859633446, -0.056474603712558746, 0.1042037233710289, 0.02172967419028282, 0.08024175465106964, 0.061113495379686356, -0.0915956199169159, -0.11089414358139038, -0.06691834330558777, 0.03544424846768379, -0.007196573540568352, 0.055878426879644394, 0.0708324983716011, 0.045118022710084915, 0.010150034911930561, 0.10017503052949905, -0.07220499962568283, 0.03267202526330948, 0.03960934653878212, 0.0518549419939518, -0.02365344576537609, -0.022904178127646446, -0.05617044121026993, 0.03600537031888962, 0.08997733891010284, 0.0033734673634171486, 0.06666035205125809, 0.08223987370729446, -0.013715681619942188, 0.0057490491308271885, 0.046759288758039474, -0.06328228861093521, 0.044339705258607864, -0.08609268814325333, -0.0026720892637968063, 0.05338706076145172, -0.04176268354058266, 0.017811084166169167, -0.002798037603497505, -0.0014049762394279242, 0.02541898377239704, -0.05660815164446831, -0.004338182508945465, -0.004322456195950508, -0.08060897886753082, -0.02751634642481804, 0.015035722404718399, -0.07971499860286713, 0.01424175500869751, 0.027501804754137993, -0.06992346048355103, 0.05170238018035889, 0.023814156651496887, 0.015342548489570618, 0.07573795318603516, 0.12670186161994934, 0.014480908401310444, 0.026409750804305077, -0.0088778892531991, 0.08833830803632736, -0.05639687553048134, 0.011936143040657043, -0.02493891492486, -0.04215873405337334, -3.433751609208354e-33, 0.08269170671701431, -0.04464375227689743, 0.012802952900528908, 0.05283312126994133, -0.017765840515494347, -0.06484262645244598, 0.04544183984398842, -0.06250022351741791, 0.024571700021624565, 0.014311197213828564, -0.0859932228922844, 0.022676216438412666, -0.03919871523976326, -0.01004362478852272, -0.07561948895454407, -0.03161938861012459, -0.06168775632977486, 0.04154180735349655, -0.024428462609648705, 0.059846505522727966, 0.001039896858856082, -0.0543578639626503, 0.01635752245783806, 0.04328754171729088, 0.06330379098653793, -0.013982236385345459, -0.011744611896574497, -0.015800440683960915, 0.04123993217945099, 0.03027833253145218, -0.0669054463505745, 0.050473522394895554, 0.015655484050512314, -0.0910034328699112, 0.03280632942914963, 0.03438824415206909, -0.016022145748138428, 0.05729597806930542, -0.027002502232789993, -0.05824436619877815, 0.05121436342597008, 0.03274990990757942, 0.026966549456119537, 0.028546042740345, 0.03077041730284691, 0.006499856244772673, -0.05293760076165199, -0.02573535591363907, 0.05881994217634201, -0.0697125568985939, -0.06574507057666779, 0.0021079799626022577, -0.09185909479856491, -0.07075119763612747, -0.03440554812550545, -0.02733932062983513, 0.011138196103274822, -0.05861997231841087, -0.047559402883052826, 0.024827053770422935, 0.025361360982060432, 0.0003975085564889014, -0.027851982042193413, -0.16873227059841156, -0.027744198217988014, 0.0035143166314810514, -0.03801998496055603, -0.09339679777622223, -0.054622750729322433, 0.00387248070910573, -0.018966149538755417, 0.04350600391626358, 0.004164631944149733, -0.09396293759346008, 0.026465080678462982, 0.04179299250245094, 0.025920964777469635, -0.02587858773767948, -0.02238825336098671, 0.0019099548226222396, 0.03832487761974335, 0.02450581267476082, 0.004035798832774162, 0.048477884382009506, 0.006164424121379852, -0.047227002680301666, -0.027696553617715836, 0.05211125686764717, -0.0353938452899456, 0.006884523201733828, -0.02213299460709095, -0.037343449890613556, 0.1295153945684433, 0.03652409091591835, -0.06432431191205978, 5.118222707980207e-34, 0.014546425081789494, -0.0015877995174378157, -0.011821909807622433, -0.008503350429236889, 0.039643798023462296, -0.04075275734066963, -0.02225233055651188, 0.0508100725710392, 0.06152987852692604, -0.011541960760951042, 0.02591397985816002, -0.058822765946388245, 0.09766653925180435, 0.054436951875686646, 0.002957061631605029, 0.022774800658226013, -0.05495475232601166, -0.07789931446313858, -0.1043294295668602, 0.035921044647693634, -0.052934203296899796, -0.026510275900363922, -0.03246980160474777, 0.014452478848397732, 0.0625949278473854, 0.033432766795158386, 0.10336345434188843, -0.003067503683269024, 0.06394752860069275, -0.08395661413669586, -0.08675594627857208, -0.011681599542498589, -0.005155701190233231, 0.08532750606536865, -0.05671962723135948, -0.015981707721948624, 0.10240369290113449, -0.08080361038446426, -0.03698621317744255, -0.09885381907224655, 0.10126974433660507, 0.07506275177001953, -0.07883568108081818, 0.014819474890828133, -0.023091282695531845, 0.03433017060160637, -0.01770070008933544, 0.10118943452835083, 0.00236865459010005, -0.008569235913455486, 0.015692729502916336, -0.03353537619113922, -0.020593170076608658, 0.007254225667566061, 0.07080909609794617, -0.04292016103863716, -0.042131632566452026, -0.030518431216478348, -0.10199345648288727, 0.05204736068844795, -0.06002982333302498, 0.002166682854294777, -0.1798311322927475, -0.009147106669843197, -0.06607279926538467, -0.01249629445374012, 0.005571191199123859, -0.0338723286986351, -0.027944400906562805, -0.008307041600346565, 0.03669333457946777, 0.0022184133995324373, -0.0929330363869667, -0.048625681549310684, -0.0018549906089901924, 0.0033778236247599125, 0.05547598749399185, 0.00901053100824356, -0.040992602705955505, 0.01798938401043415, 0.05683669075369835, -0.016651546582579613, -0.00708616292104125, 0.04987337440252304, -0.030098604038357735, 0.03830272704362869, 0.14662803709506989, 0.010335925035178661, -0.037299662828445435, -0.018357912078499794, -0.12346719950437546, -0.01647162064909935, -0.1379227340221405, 0.05243675783276558, 0.050935156643390656, -3.9761918202430024e-8, 0.10550689697265625, -0.0007306613842956722, 0.036045074462890625, -0.02253672480583191, 0.08193548023700714, 0.015218556858599186, -0.00279297586530447, 0.017368905246257782, -0.036958612501621246, 0.09001635015010834, 0.013811348006129265, -0.01011473499238491, 0.014803961850702763, -0.057672690600156784, -0.02690066024661064, -0.04117882251739502, 0.017175808548927307, 0.05063111335039139, 0.04832061007618904, -0.0939042940735817, -0.019753506407141685, -0.02678796648979187, 0.02695961855351925, 0.005135895684361458, 0.003191233379766345, 0.03371577709913254, -0.07042751461267471, 0.05285392329096794, -0.04625622555613518, -0.024646159261465073, 0.03085537627339363, 0.01480455044656992, 0.05109491944313049, -0.07567860186100006, -0.031275391578674316, -0.04002431407570839, 0.03515348955988884, -0.08317496627569199, 0.03212069720029831, 0.03250750154256821, 0.09175412356853485, 0.03581998497247696, -0.007472241763025522, 0.04299544915556908, 0.02671888843178749, -0.03659892454743385, -0.0020684311166405678, -0.02552410587668419, 0.012551793828606606, 0.008310891687870026, 0.023213136941194534, -0.04208919405937195, 0.02651512622833252, 0.030435383319854736, -0.03064696118235588, 0.06680963933467865, 0.023803789168596268, 0.04855271801352501, -0.012477033771574497, -0.045200906693935394, 0.09126996248960495, 0.023340368643403053, -0.06888630241155624, 0.09163183718919754 ]
Scand J Work Environ Health . 2025 Jun 26;51(4):265–281. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4219 Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis Indra Dannheim Indra Dannheim , MA 1 Regional Innovative Centre of Health and Quality of Live Fulda (RIGL), Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany. 2 Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.691
0.824
["leadership", "management"]
457
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949485
[ 0.07527971267700195, 0.09598155319690704, -0.012573130428791046, 0.06800209730863571, 0.03710353747010231, 0.049543023109436035, -0.046529561281204224, 0.047506749629974365, -0.06154407188296318, -0.05031304433941841, -0.019442688673734665, -0.01005766075104475, -0.03794163465499878, 0.0322420671582222, 0.04836351424455643, -0.04508112370967865, 0.03924865648150444, 0.04095505177974701, -0.03480379655957222, -0.10306850075721741, -0.07821623235940933, -0.014301735907793045, 0.030718758702278137, 0.04927888140082359, -0.10775446146726608, -0.007959755137562752, -0.05012233182787895, 0.010763106867671013, -0.053130097687244415, -0.020403334870934486, 0.033622171729803085, -0.05076970160007477, 0.030493920668959618, -0.01357716042548418, -0.044629186391830444, 0.05526883155107498, 0.04255390912294388, -0.05326324328780174, -0.05240071937441826, 0.017099350690841675, -0.059637654572725296, -0.003145915688946843, -0.044115278869867325, -0.07093849033117294, -0.0033829458989202976, -0.028388135135173798, -0.029331879690289497, 0.025872789323329926, -0.035288214683532715, -0.020871059969067574, -0.08951179683208466, -0.04902753606438637, 0.0698564350605011, 0.008540532551705837, 0.1336568295955658, 0.009927545674145222, 0.0405721552670002, -0.08689731359481812, -0.06491696834564209, 0.018664954230189323, 0.007170969154685736, 0.021705320104956627, -0.10065097361803055, 0.025696272030472755, -0.005507315043359995, -0.025166908279061317, -0.02131057158112526, 0.029389100149273872, -0.04200151190161705, -0.03416550159454346, 0.05873333290219307, -0.07520371675491333, 0.05804891511797905, -0.021910840645432472, 0.043706540018320084, 0.10806414484977722, -0.07638455927371979, -0.050360292196273804, 0.12125620245933533, 0.055002886801958084, 0.07119119167327881, 0.0009242343949154019, 0.07135045528411865, 0.06875172257423401, -0.018463287502527237, -0.06014927849173546, 0.01930728368461132, -0.06020597741007805, -0.02443777583539486, 0.1066972091794014, 0.09491527080535889, 0.006357897073030472, 0.03554660826921463, 0.024269219487905502, -0.011542738415300846, 0.04070264846086502, -0.10112980008125305, 0.021509025245904922, -0.07212275266647339, 0.005278907250612974, 0.007049571722745895, 0.005639993119984865, -0.04368908703327179, -0.036023758351802826, -0.008939587511122227, -0.10083574056625366, 0.021662263199687004, -0.021546293050050735, 0.04196377098560333, 0.018394174054265022, -0.03797244280576706, -0.006294091232120991, 0.009087218903005123, -0.050238367170095444, 0.026570787653326988, -0.038302455097436905, 0.01379013154655695, -0.01271949801594019, 0.002366492757573724, -0.040658049285411835, 0.09660016745328903, -0.04611886292695999, 0.08249583840370178, 0.013749168254435062, 0.04266601428389549, 0.10474302619695663, 0.018726544454693794, 2.3612634406257234e-33, 0.039751626551151276, -0.005864281672984362, 0.041091203689575195, 0.10080425441265106, 0.014928825199604034, 0.02143190987408161, 0.005677791777998209, -0.04519306868314743, 0.01616010069847107, -0.06582049280405045, -0.047032713890075684, -0.013390741311013699, -0.002944872248917818, 0.05443478748202324, -0.03744055703282356, -0.05377974733710289, -0.03126825764775276, 0.016981078311800957, -0.05592965707182884, 0.002075526397675276, 0.023200564086437225, -0.03994513303041458, 0.02225586026906967, -0.0028602583333849907, -0.021259590983390808, 0.027767857536673546, 0.01681414432823658, -0.025019802153110504, -0.028530847281217575, 0.04694308713078499, 0.0021338346414268017, -0.0779530256986618, -0.045681893825531006, -0.03498661890625954, -0.08453413099050522, 0.02652987651526928, -0.04481340944766998, -0.012190376408398151, -0.05042232573032379, -0.07022890448570251, 0.009160047397017479, 0.026076212525367737, 0.017738593742251396, 0.017102137207984924, 0.019054638221859932, -0.012666568160057068, -0.012913740240037441, -0.0331246592104435, 0.0159696564078331, -0.007420456502586603, -0.03869140148162842, 0.030067231506109238, 0.05483601987361908, -0.03819708153605461, 0.0017339641926810145, -0.03293891251087189, 0.07226481288671494, -0.0066173868253827095, -0.04172467440366745, -0.013560961931943893, -0.025312336161732674, 0.015189874917268753, -0.1302146017551422, 0.06420914828777313, 0.07140558212995529, -0.04724801331758499, -0.02254498563706875, -0.10080113261938095, 0.0004390390822663903, 0.04450077936053276, 0.008739837445318699, 0.0181703120470047, 0.02913437969982624, -0.01644900068640709, -0.05111193656921387, -0.10013403743505478, -0.030908260494470596, 0.00344698503613472, -0.10665037482976913, -0.023384204134345055, 0.057190921157598495, -0.023929893970489502, 0.00005780254286946729, 0.029543107375502586, -0.00553855812177062, -0.019217852503061295, -0.0588887482881546, 0.01484006829559803, 0.06797660887241364, 0.03759671375155449, 0.02543455734848976, 0.02894705720245838, 0.08292236924171448, 0.1493164300918579, -0.058596428483724594, -5.1104591188060025e-33, -0.04846740886569023, -0.03580796718597412, 0.047845352441072464, -0.036166001111269, 0.1594955176115036, 0.07225655764341354, -0.07071303576231003, -0.06988320499658585, 0.04269183799624443, -0.019679730758070946, 0.051022954285144806, -0.03692607209086418, 0.01916937716305256, 0.051732875406742096, 0.050669390708208084, 0.04568448290228844, -0.04597768187522888, -0.09901817888021469, -0.058401960879564285, -0.059140194207429886, 0.0030700897332280874, -0.019485507160425186, 0.08074025809764862, 0.09199990332126617, -0.0319049172103405, 0.02906966395676136, 0.050765786319971085, 0.012367204762995243, 0.027462610974907875, -0.02336900867521763, 0.0685604065656662, 0.015846319496631622, 0.005763554945588112, 0.031147874891757965, 0.021705156192183495, 0.050361212342977524, 0.039661042392253876, -0.06875161081552505, -0.07820449024438858, 0.11184458434581757, 0.05178399011492729, 0.06983502954244614, -0.026185713708400726, -0.0019841655157506466, 0.0420091338455677, 0.0814160481095314, -0.02056441828608513, -0.09595435857772827, -0.059444013983011246, 0.03501002490520477, 0.013798567466437817, -0.03793850541114807, -0.0852326825261116, -0.020448731258511543, 0.08444341272115707, -0.07202267646789551, -0.02619008533656597, -0.09978529065847397, -0.08214858919382095, 0.017857873812317848, -0.020255662500858307, 0.011994071304798126, -0.04027312248945236, -0.031002486124634743, 0.008625492453575134, -0.01913728006184101, -0.004773072898387909, -0.06381730735301971, -0.01529467198997736, 0.04508697986602783, -0.09367141127586365, -0.034726835787296295, -0.03617684170603752, -0.045462124049663544, -0.07218468934297562, -0.016665227711200714, -0.08981791883707047, 0.02958548255264759, -0.08477994054555893, 0.01146356575191021, 0.010919999331235886, -0.045680925250053406, 0.022231554612517357, -0.026235688477754593, 0.028831731528043747, 0.022735070437192917, 0.004468359984457493, 0.055992111563682556, -0.05442652478814125, 0.10578605532646179, -0.07462483644485474, -0.027004852890968323, 0.003612017724663019, 0.026355819776654243, 0.051612257957458496, -5.358973353963847e-8, 0.055570099502801895, -0.07831423729658127, 0.022473661229014397, 0.0231487937271595, -0.06502626836299896, -0.035135380923748016, -0.03424182906746864, -0.01913832686841488, 0.011348782107234001, 0.09769479185342789, 0.012276219204068184, 0.0928763896226883, 0.014743322506546974, 0.06105456128716469, 0.047259796410799026, -0.09729421883821487, 0.09863780438899994, 0.04750371724367142, -0.01833369769155979, -0.028024286031723022, 0.01550771202892065, 0.03762606158852577, -0.006467434577643871, -0.07828745990991592, 0.005940805189311504, -0.011364329606294632, -0.021947069093585014, 0.07921166718006134, 0.03182361647486687, 0.011848527938127518, 0.03733478859066963, 0.05722370743751526, -0.02127639204263687, 0.04993177950382233, -0.04838249832391739, -0.014418571256101131, 0.011625631712377071, -0.009583349339663982, -0.04051385447382927, 0.039635464549064636, -0.04346644505858421, 0.07090241461992264, -0.0639479011297226, 0.046761684119701385, -0.06376223266124725, -0.036960162222385406, -0.05986778065562248, 0.08769965916872025, -0.006791122257709503, -0.05827319622039795, -0.015820519998669624, -0.008872076869010925, 0.01647426001727581, 0.07403908669948578, -0.0014681005850434303, 0.05931947007775307, 0.01776987314224243, -0.0038950880989432335, 0.03293396532535553, -0.060081399977207184, 0.10261929035186768, -0.060383182018995285, -0.04383889585733414, 0.036532457917928696 ]
a University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany. Find articles by Indra Dannheim 1, 2, ✉ , Helena Ludwig-Walz Helena Ludwig-Walz , Dr 3 Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Wiesbaden, Germany. Find articles by Helena Ludwig-Walz 3 , Halina Kirsch Halina Kirsch , MSc 2 Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany. Find articles by Halina Kirsch 2 , Martin Bujard Martin Bujard , Prof, Dr 3 Federal Institute for Population Research (Bi
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.86
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949585
[ 0.020638514310121536, -0.004813177976757288, -0.025576220825314522, 0.07031747698783875, -0.019509660080075264, 0.09684007614850998, -0.06499164551496506, 0.02270543947815895, -0.004335171543061733, -0.019987747073173523, 0.10163465887308121, -0.09510720521211624, -0.05722033977508545, -0.06342246383428574, 0.00963891576975584, -0.011775292456150055, 0.06169465184211731, -0.009519915096461773, 0.010350105352699757, -0.017912156879901886, 0.009715689346194267, -0.034614820033311844, 0.11942209303379059, -0.00045450186007656157, -0.010439140722155571, -0.07726232707500458, -0.028654180467128754, -0.07451950758695602, -0.02638987824320793, -0.01423658523708582, 0.018552951514720917, 0.10014186799526215, 0.09325628727674484, -0.04208255559206009, 0.02068466506898403, -0.025169894099235535, 0.05009588226675987, 0.014627479016780853, 0.005083140451461077, 0.0716676265001297, -0.0036578781437128782, -0.006056101992726326, 0.020691756159067154, -0.004127936437726021, -0.007891779765486717, 0.00835221167653799, -0.0775289237499237, 0.0414276197552681, -0.0412541963160038, 0.06628121435642242, -0.1035977229475975, -0.007630792446434498, 0.013403124175965786, 0.02119228057563305, 0.0805177092552185, -0.08790354430675507, -0.018563002347946167, -0.039988599717617035, -0.08696220070123672, 0.016108587384223938, 0.06753238290548325, 0.06277560442686081, -0.08255652338266373, -0.025311117991805077, 0.08135952800512314, 0.03372461348772049, -0.004754945635795593, -0.016247428953647614, -0.02038765512406826, -0.08957447111606598, 0.06105311959981918, -0.01992557942867279, -0.08424832671880722, 0.034833140671253204, 0.04395350441336632, -0.05530141294002533, -0.0189206562936306, -0.009842650964856148, 0.07106300443410873, -0.03630603477358818, -0.009887940250337124, -0.012919967994093895, 0.09107272326946259, -0.013647621497511864, -0.04858402535319328, -0.03145100548863411, -0.045309871435165405, -0.03018893301486969, -0.07612926512956619, -0.003620372386649251, 0.023221731185913086, 0.006559484638273716, 0.008271083235740662, 0.048528797924518585, -0.033918097615242004, 0.034829337149858475, -0.003964930772781372, -0.05111781135201454, 0.09942629188299179, 0.001733832759782672, -0.021104183048009872, -0.02468537725508213, 0.05628611519932747, 0.029152393341064453, -0.12470797449350357, -0.0636625587940216, -0.05876023322343826, 0.05228947848081589, -0.032497551292181015, 0.04388873651623726, -0.023102667182683945, 0.04806128144264221, 0.030637703835964203, 0.13273870944976807, -0.006188456434756517, -0.08021560311317444, 0.06594721972942352, -0.1084475889801979, 0.06337808817625046, -0.021187514066696167, -0.05781016871333122, 0.03476707264780998, -0.0023233783431351185, 0.02679302729666233, -0.029433801770210266, 0.08635145425796509, -0.012552295811474323, 6.639275112732807e-33, -0.10792560130357742, -0.08762013167142868, 0.07185947149991989, 0.07452519983053207, -0.015600226819515228, -0.011310642585158348, -0.032798051834106445, -0.0525226853787899, -0.00023330069961957633, -0.09471186995506287, -0.043706510215997696, -0.026660114526748657, -0.028601940721273422, 0.009014683775603771, -0.03411269187927246, -0.012557344511151314, -0.0187672171741724, 0.024492992088198662, 0.014669911004602909, 0.05886364355683327, 0.026227405294775963, 0.02059898152947426, 0.06531090289354324, 0.06426601111888885, 0.00943918526172638, 0.040960200130939484, -0.0014606541953980923, -0.025393586605787277, -0.024859320372343063, -0.0007029530825093389, 0.059369295835494995, -0.07060253620147705, -0.08483279496431351, -0.15343539416790009, -0.023904016241431236, 0.04819425940513611, 0.039115794003009796, 0.00878622941672802, -0.10817337036132812, 0.0333988219499588, 0.02152206562459469, -0.0077604022808372974, 0.079309843480587, 0.022321948781609535, 0.03054972179234028, 0.05200951546430588, 0.018805723637342453, -0.014401921071112156, 0.058030787855386734, -0.02505744993686676, -0.07547997683286667, 0.006696316413581371, -0.05425001308321953, 0.0030509857460856438, 0.03160125017166138, 0.025556951761245728, -0.027700450271368027, 0.06474664807319641, -0.01739993691444397, 0.012688509188592434, -0.03210560977458954, 0.09294841438531876, -0.006302766501903534, -0.015714963898062706, 0.06657227873802185, -0.021188052371144295, -0.07691843062639236, -0.03501252830028534, 0.016832450404763222, 0.04811300337314606, 0.049532439559698105, -0.058893293142318726, 0.06634092330932617, 0.004954607225954533, -0.03271213546395302, -0.027035919949412346, -0.028385138139128685, 0.018135875463485718, -0.051318198442459106, -0.03606293722987175, 0.054434165358543396, -0.01380857639014721, -0.08184868842363358, -0.031201574951410294, -0.08964640647172928, -0.026879331097006798, -0.03379645198583603, -0.08168359100818634, 0.06365777552127838, -0.0012142540654167533, 0.04421253502368927, 0.03366440162062645, -0.045922402292490005, 0.0499381422996521, -0.00571074802428484, -8.889590070069145e-33, -0.0694299265742302, -0.049322709441185, 0.011405537836253643, 0.013339788652956486, 0.05146317183971405, 0.03490780293941498, -0.005926439538598061, -0.056806664913892746, 0.030233819037675858, -0.0656108632683754, -0.002711008070036769, -0.021845228970050812, 0.10012705624103546, 0.04701930284500122, -0.014528007246553898, 0.06903903186321259, 0.07331925630569458, 0.013956345617771149, -0.045614343136548996, 0.017340581864118576, -0.07414891570806503, -0.0217561237514019, -0.019386427477002144, 0.04780708625912666, -0.0616079717874527, 0.08890531957149506, 0.03586721420288086, 0.030799500644207, -0.010566497221589088, -0.062096476554870605, -0.005971046164631844, -0.028509274125099182, -0.0719083622097969, -0.043234024196863174, -0.02688371203839779, 0.015353619121015072, -0.004300530068576336, 0.05869060382246971, -0.03663284331560135, 0.033828217536211014, -0.02326355129480362, 0.030242621898651123, -0.06548639386892319, -0.031502220779657364, 0.046501170843839645, 0.05951397120952606, -0.000708327570464462, -0.04635508731007576, -0.003229438327252865, 0.013101096265017986, 0.07582493126392365, -0.0053306762129068375, -0.019887549802660942, -0.0381690114736557, -0.005492660216987133, -0.0041733235120773315, 0.04818253964185715, -0.019514428451657295, 0.03273732587695122, 0.0006595887243747711, -0.12170495837926865, 0.02828863076865673, -0.0732617974281311, 0.03621509671211243, 0.009003596380352974, -0.13722841441631317, -0.05777454376220703, -0.06275917589664459, 0.06558147817850113, -0.023904919624328613, 0.0235067680478096, 0.037427015602588654, 0.06498034298419952, -0.022263986989855766, 0.00027234270237386227, 0.02384326606988907, -0.04634905606508255, 0.10040298849344254, -0.010015888139605522, -0.020465662702918053, -0.03593295067548752, -0.029658818617463112, 0.06588069349527359, 0.013496476225554943, -0.017956342548131943, -0.020013241097331047, 0.015388255007565022, -0.10415693372488022, -0.028528545051813126, 0.022774426266551018, -0.10285435616970062, -0.07275687158107758, -0.055181071162223816, -0.0034368475899100304, 0.10324417054653168, -4.99453634006386e-8, 0.09836580604314804, -0.03880554810166359, -0.03894023597240448, 0.07553139328956604, -0.032899320125579834, -0.013705730438232422, -0.045980729162693024, 0.008324487134814262, -0.027537154033780098, 0.0859796404838562, -0.08329559862613678, 0.1509084552526474, 0.026337701827287674, 0.05410204455256462, 0.005417047068476677, -0.02782345376908779, 0.044544581323862076, 0.0003166705428157002, 0.0020156868267804384, 0.042496420443058014, 0.024350997060537338, 0.0029942013788968325, 0.008827123790979385, -0.04249505698680878, 0.039234988391399384, 0.05848486348986626, -0.05200936645269394, -0.03757815435528755, 0.053053297102451324, 0.008243086747825146, 0.017986154183745384, 0.06893222033977509, -0.035926561802625656, -0.03631163015961647, 0.15058045089244843, -0.050586998462677, -0.056106749922037125, -0.0188096072524786, -0.08608497679233551, -0.026569630950689316, -0.011741460300981998, -0.016446422785520554, -0.09272187948226929, 0.04476478323340416, 0.012560996226966381, -0.01564125344157219, -0.0012835063971579075, 0.07890193164348602, 0.03047819994390011, 0.05312233418226242, -0.009279783815145493, -0.07410981506109238, 0.017600934952497482, 0.024874700233340263, -0.06934106349945068, 0.0006849479977972806, 0.060161612927913666, -0.05799262970685959, 0.04992944374680519, -0.018443692475557327, 0.08940377086400986, -0.014155538752675056, -0.014317645691335201, -0.002832912839949131 ]
Dr 3 Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Wiesbaden, Germany. 4 Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Find articles by Martin Bujard 3, 4 , Anette E Buyken Anette E Buyken , Prof, Dr 5 Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany. Find articles by Anette E Buyken 5 , Katherine M Richardson Katherine M Richardson , Prof, Dr 6 Department of Management & Management Scienc
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.854
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949624
[ 0.03477718308568001, -0.013737937435507774, -0.03040938265621662, 0.11557701230049133, -0.028392037376761436, 0.08831604570150375, -0.009447284042835236, 0.05255300924181938, 0.019715532660484314, 0.0209492314606905, 0.045789241790771484, -0.017565352842211723, -0.045059457421302795, -0.04898415133357048, 0.0067035541869699955, -0.006596341263502836, 0.011539708822965622, -0.002169264480471611, 0.050597917288541794, -0.03265143558382988, -0.035865213721990585, -0.002399725839495659, 0.14674636721611023, 0.026903850957751274, -0.017594553530216217, -0.05980289354920387, -0.06949494034051895, -0.062179580330848694, 0.006191623397171497, 0.009778738021850586, 0.04310809075832367, 0.04523959755897522, 0.09560173004865646, -0.043020281940698624, -0.03257609158754349, -0.011416397988796234, -0.030520660802721977, 0.05054953321814537, -0.04492774233222008, 0.09078386425971985, 0.05756424739956856, -0.012032527476549149, -0.04893108457326889, 0.052399951964616776, -0.000509444682393223, -0.008051368407905102, -0.10583783686161041, 0.0604742132127285, -0.017718492075800896, 0.009593483060598373, -0.11914270371198654, -0.02758486196398735, -0.003631043713539839, 0.035308726131916046, 0.04090135544538498, -0.07622222602367401, 0.013308607041835785, -0.016019828617572784, -0.10380861908197403, 0.01127947773784399, 0.04637068510055542, 0.03214995190501213, -0.041015662252902985, -0.0282234326004982, 0.10960765928030014, 0.07804059237241745, -0.020261084660887718, -0.022477494552731514, -0.032403986901044846, -0.04167596250772476, 0.044091254472732544, -0.05127526447176933, -0.002460082992911339, 0.08269047737121582, 0.07966263592243195, 0.0034367344342172146, 0.01700291596353054, 0.021680215373635292, 0.03103828988969326, -0.04155055060982704, -0.029681609943509102, 0.0002545035968068987, 0.059208061546087265, 0.03968797251582146, -0.07315994054079056, -0.016970722004771233, -0.021909218281507492, 0.0036852785851806402, -0.06908649951219559, 0.013467996381223202, -0.05855618417263031, 0.025891738012433052, -0.02524765580892563, 0.03404458984732628, -0.02717653661966324, 0.041718192398548126, -0.0545477420091629, -0.07800621539354324, 0.029540272429585457, 0.012457569129765034, -0.04335825890302658, 0.06312144547700882, 0.054581042379140854, 0.09157244116067886, -0.09412837028503418, -0.02915157563984394, -0.08417064696550369, 0.004799537360668182, -0.0013248000759631395, 0.04738375544548035, -0.033144984394311905, 0.030441081151366234, -0.013101925142109394, 0.12150239199399948, 0.007430878467857838, -0.03670607879757881, -0.0029171104542911053, -0.07443719357252121, 0.11012472212314606, 0.025775669142603874, -0.005640433635562658, -0.015380325727164745, -0.03679177537560463, -0.04273518547415733, -0.057215385138988495, 0.04033266752958298, -0.019057799130678177, 6.591979832211441e-33, -0.1311241239309311, -0.08896590024232864, 0.10664000362157822, 0.14789411425590515, -0.03205960988998413, 0.07554008811712265, -0.037144433706998825, -0.04584876075387001, 0.034782689064741135, -0.1356869488954544, -0.057949405163526535, -0.03643845021724701, 0.036301374435424805, 0.04558175057172775, -0.05660451576113701, -0.030448300763964653, -0.06994076818227768, 0.09337912499904633, 0.0019459729082882404, 0.055332574993371964, 0.00946017075330019, -0.025577809661626816, 0.001011687912978232, 0.04643156751990318, 0.0015831245109438896, -0.001999092288315296, -0.03084467351436615, 0.01334279403090477, 0.060430701822042465, -0.02219131402671337, -0.010432551614940166, -0.03378009796142578, -0.04727549850940704, -0.16001258790493011, -0.06740409880876541, 0.011121198534965515, 0.02903454750776291, 0.008034922182559967, -0.048112377524375916, 0.06285399943590164, -0.02265658788383007, -0.028979413211345673, 0.09707295894622803, 0.054736942052841187, 0.022556379437446594, 0.017459355294704437, 0.0028587046544998884, -0.06814443320035934, 0.01146751269698143, -0.0034203198738396168, -0.08016294986009598, -0.007246618624776602, 0.020284490659832954, -0.03591320291161537, 0.019959766417741776, 0.0013157309731468558, -0.057976096868515015, 0.07582462579011917, 0.011067789979279041, -0.032611869275569916, 0.023241180926561356, 0.07734560966491699, -0.011558124795556068, -0.0009286769200116396, 0.03581990301609039, 0.03885599970817566, -0.05245858058333397, -0.07356206327676773, -0.014414174482226372, 0.03749949485063553, 0.04572952166199684, 0.017917677760124207, 0.06616276502609253, 0.027194306254386902, -0.05914561077952385, -0.034201256930828094, -0.010296390391886234, 0.04546770080924034, -0.031101729720830917, -0.1066489890217781, 0.001012791763059795, -0.014033420942723751, -0.029253913089632988, 0.06724368035793304, -0.03518064692616463, 0.008344883099198341, -0.03504597023129463, -0.03818148747086525, 0.060408543795347214, -0.049454618245363235, 0.0713207796216011, 0.024740124121308327, -0.03521449491381645, 0.06724388152360916, -0.03010331466794014, -7.517121069615444e-33, -0.06415528059005737, 0.008308588527143002, 0.0006321799592114985, -0.014695722609758377, 0.06505461782217026, 0.036263324320316315, -0.00924448762089014, -0.06468269228935242, 0.059102870523929596, -0.025264637544751167, 0.02026279643177986, -0.04706072434782982, 0.08628387749195099, 0.023134363815188408, -0.016463644802570343, 0.06609925627708435, 0.08832178264856339, -0.02327733114361763, -0.04546349123120308, -0.013230472803115845, 0.015362707898020744, 0.021560292690992355, -0.037337400019168854, 0.0533347949385643, -0.0887511819601059, 0.10980409383773804, 0.030483979731798172, 0.027697429060935974, -0.04588118940591812, -0.10623911023139954, -0.03648468852043152, -0.0339822955429554, -0.10168787837028503, -0.048169784247875214, 0.00862953718751669, 0.04664913937449455, -0.027801891788840294, 0.033060215413570404, -0.0671696662902832, 0.029102232307195663, -0.008535169996321201, 0.05042119696736336, -0.040978655219078064, -0.011443713679909706, 0.02826853096485138, 0.028066184371709824, 0.04246734455227852, -0.024457508698105812, 0.023372499272227287, 0.04678687825798988, 0.03470456972718239, -0.042213380336761475, -0.019044607877731323, -0.015074912458658218, -0.012677408754825592, -0.0557672455906868, 0.12329518795013428, -0.06778229773044586, 0.008693717420101166, 0.016798796132206917, -0.07167084515094757, 0.028040919452905655, -0.07660692930221558, 0.0505618155002594, -0.030155690386891365, -0.11654583364725113, -0.03479229658842087, -0.045704275369644165, 0.04858621209859848, 0.00038970401510596275, 0.02072356455028057, -0.0029350987169891596, 0.001926872064359486, -0.013333188369870186, 0.017599819228053093, 0.01731961965560913, -0.04596427083015442, 0.1268899142742157, -0.028353596106171608, -0.0165235698223114, -0.06443356722593307, -0.06740432232618332, 0.0855669155716896, 0.04404642805457115, -0.10607069730758667, -0.01538572646677494, -0.01528124138712883, -0.10536681115627289, -0.03222115337848663, 0.034959252923727036, -0.052136100828647614, -0.0644201934337616, -0.08937013894319534, -0.007375477813184261, 0.09906022250652313, -5.447058981644659e-8, 0.11569255590438843, -0.014301123097538948, 0.031149670481681824, 0.06574158370494843, 0.004095322918146849, -0.03271299973130226, -0.03371170535683632, 0.036140698939561844, -0.01066609937697649, 0.06265141069889069, -0.08124270290136337, 0.04817080497741699, 0.04351958632469177, 0.01324721984565258, 0.026928044855594635, -0.014207170344889164, 0.07788962125778198, 0.04304897040128708, -0.02413945086300373, -0.012626945972442627, -0.015284295193850994, -0.018511569127440453, 0.038582693785429, -0.049029842019081116, 0.05269117280840874, 0.04684470593929291, -0.014578696340322495, 0.011038387194275856, 0.01116323471069336, -0.02929454669356346, 0.04456363990902901, 0.06950609385967255, -0.008736035786569118, -0.018880784511566162, 0.10870594531297684, -0.06348791718482971, -0.009841449558734894, -0.0030698138289153576, -0.07444339990615845, -0.007187617477029562, -0.042016077786684036, -0.006514736916869879, -0.034425366669893265, 0.06801166385412216, 0.008663346990942955, 0.0045918351970613, -0.04436694458127022, 0.03868342190980911, 0.04727198928594589, -0.036662507802248, -0.004440585151314735, -0.06623037159442902, 0.017644191160798073, 0.029926041141152382, -0.06472673267126083, -0.0015215014573186636, 0.009999562986195087, -0.019230375066399574, 0.012799931690096855, -0.060661815106868744, 0.06208406761288643, -0.011439966969192028, -0.041581280529499054, 0.032871976494789124 ]
Dr 6 Department of Management & Management Science, Lubin School of Business, Pace University, New York, USA. Find articles by Katherine M Richardson 6 , Anja Kroke Anja Kroke , Prof, Dr 2 Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany. Find articles by Anja Kroke 2 Author information Article notes Copyright and License information 1 Regional Innovative Centre of Health and Quality of Live Fulda (RIGL), Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.858
["management"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949654
[ 0.007947024889290333, -0.015764234587550163, -0.03474227711558342, 0.08443206548690796, -0.013954341411590576, -0.005139173939824104, -0.016265787184238434, 0.053852010518312454, 0.038513410836458206, -0.033531494438648224, 0.05251012369990349, 0.007232381962239742, -0.054816462099552155, -0.053955066949129105, 0.016249530017375946, -0.08091942220926285, 0.07543320208787918, -0.0669512078166008, -0.07615620642900467, -0.04557934030890465, -0.006315665785223246, -0.034275420010089874, 0.034756794571876526, -0.0012854037340730429, -0.04301011189818382, -0.04407750815153122, -0.030077574774622917, -0.05347185954451561, -0.07044872641563416, -0.07118021696805954, 0.04992581158876419, 0.03902193903923035, 0.07261842489242554, -0.040847212076187134, -0.03206467255949974, 0.04928221553564072, 0.005920131225138903, -0.08027170598506927, -0.052472107112407684, -0.00567470071837306, 0.004345821216702461, -0.04444536939263344, -0.04632820188999176, -0.0242423377931118, 0.010497787036001682, 0.02143283374607563, -0.049042366445064545, 0.05434320122003555, -0.00410501379519701, 0.08284199237823486, -0.13192076981067657, -0.030222997069358826, 0.004609876777976751, -0.00013096796465106308, 0.0799010843038559, 0.006335866637527943, 0.010700478218495846, -0.04757978394627571, -0.10505514591932297, 0.08838441967964172, 0.012718715704977512, 0.06078776717185974, -0.0497434064745903, 0.011126729659736156, 0.05224793776869774, -0.02329329028725624, -0.028173033148050308, 0.012491258792579174, -0.05492805317044258, -0.06094693765044212, 0.022232316434383392, -0.02636007033288479, 0.016891635954380035, 0.036213018000125885, 0.03833184018731117, 0.02781977504491806, -0.005084819160401821, -0.033169083297252655, 0.10335150361061096, 0.0774790346622467, -0.012554153800010681, 0.01764778047800064, 0.03814174234867096, 0.0455593466758728, -0.018184024840593338, -0.06028536707162857, -0.050159089267253876, -0.027598783373832703, -0.06521263718605042, 0.024510717019438744, 0.08195079118013382, 0.0585806705057621, 0.002913425210863352, 0.0037363506853580475, -0.04868617653846741, 0.023496778681874275, -0.03371702507138252, -0.019172685220837593, 0.001401599496603012, -0.024043133482336998, -0.0969051793217659, 0.04322788119316101, -0.047709591686725616, 0.0026627816259860992, -0.06154872104525566, -0.14307843148708344, -0.02471284568309784, 0.0674210637807846, 0.02918754704296589, 0.06217224523425102, -0.006366766057908535, 0.02700083702802658, 0.051944516599178314, -0.00424801092594862, -0.00686905812472105, -0.018119094893336296, 0.01917511411011219, -0.04129230976104736, -0.00400962820276618, 0.006097231525927782, -0.03920464590191841, 0.01993018016219139, 0.07837668061256409, 0.0002843462279997766, 0.002944315318018198, -0.0010769537184387445, 0.020814863964915276, 5.897892662379113e-33, -0.089134082198143, -0.052139826118946075, 0.10865956544876099, 0.08515622466802597, -0.008039201609790325, -0.022548003122210503, -0.010363315232098103, -0.03702028840780258, 0.01622110791504383, -0.004778772592544556, -0.023544928058981895, 0.040953852236270905, -0.03393004089593887, 0.03256186842918396, -0.0017748672980815172, -0.0020816901233047247, -0.028897076845169067, -0.009630436077713966, 0.07485272735357285, 0.05319655314087868, -0.015537281520664692, -0.0645582526922226, 0.10062619298696518, -0.006277868058532476, -0.037024617195129395, 0.044122617691755295, -0.029424481093883514, 0.0657280758023262, 0.004711872898042202, 0.03299126401543617, -0.0030551592353731394, -0.10227160900831223, -0.04480051249265671, -0.12066493183374405, -0.06810799986124039, 0.030918247997760773, -0.06590361148118973, -0.0062722982838749886, -0.14978359639644623, -0.07844153791666031, -0.017422718927264214, -0.02300579845905304, -0.0073419674299657345, 0.017625994980335236, -0.008092799223959446, 0.0978282168507576, 0.03582554683089256, -0.02208101376891136, 0.02237912267446518, -0.0361538901925087, -0.037621889263391495, -0.02387314848601818, 0.07394516468048096, -0.03257184848189354, -0.023593178018927574, -0.018436819314956665, -0.0033180376049131155, -0.01886642351746559, -0.001043928787112236, 0.031196992844343185, -0.0842684656381607, 0.07050883024930954, -0.1108221560716629, 0.04390699043869972, -0.01706712134182453, -0.020841607823967934, 0.009497442282736301, -0.09339267015457153, 0.03001978062093258, 0.0406547412276268, 0.08111397922039032, -0.0357234850525856, 0.06464283913373947, 0.03545603156089783, -0.03400525078177452, -0.06013141945004463, -0.06117594242095947, 0.047215353697538376, -0.03230701759457588, -0.02799833193421364, 0.07050992548465729, -0.028397178277373314, -0.006041971035301685, 0.0393284372985363, -0.0726558119058609, 0.0038095780182629824, -0.049602776765823364, -0.02270827442407608, 0.02887025848031044, 0.006171615794301033, -0.048615463078022, 0.016642305999994278, 0.0008374644094146788, 0.12082746624946594, 0.002339631086215377, -9.31262771172704e-33, -0.04898374527692795, -0.06340054422616959, -0.008962072432041168, 0.0424841083586216, 0.07793786376714706, 0.024822663515806198, -0.004560110159218311, -0.07175698131322861, 0.07228563725948334, -0.006187975872308016, -0.030006933957338333, -0.03325890004634857, -0.010539447888731956, 0.06881725043058395, -0.005815150681883097, 0.13214591145515442, 0.03151170164346695, 0.004931498318910599, -0.006061646621674299, -0.028026839718222618, -0.03742789477109909, 0.043890371918678284, -0.01617654785513878, 0.10954370349645615, -0.004184786230325699, 0.12138636410236359, 0.011088937520980835, 0.05601400136947632, -0.04183099791407585, -0.06299746781587601, 0.005635752342641354, -0.06420371681451797, -0.03134443238377571, -0.05277014896273613, -0.032998792827129364, -0.02162284217774868, -0.014416513033211231, -0.020572738721966743, 0.014528078027069569, 0.10093634575605392, 0.07047311216592789, 0.04383785277605057, -0.07934127002954483, -0.01918012462556362, 0.05588432401418686, -0.027126958593726158, -0.020387932658195496, -0.09198912233114243, 0.06872055679559708, 0.03688995912671089, 0.08638492971658707, -0.017795218154788017, -0.0700848177075386, -0.03216281533241272, 0.006900344509631395, -0.010301475413143635, 0.05345573276281357, -0.04789246618747711, -0.006230768747627735, -0.010852202773094177, -0.06331177055835724, -0.01296713575720787, -0.00007374928100034595, 0.03351118043065071, 0.04776525869965553, 0.008286773227155209, 0.06492150574922562, -0.04951535537838936, 0.048205986618995667, -0.028505844995379448, 0.0032157464884221554, -0.04618409276008606, 0.006669956259429455, -0.03546616807579994, 0.0034512486308813095, -0.02189617045223713, -0.08503850549459457, 0.08104955404996872, -0.04135855287313461, 0.05333302915096283, -0.03713977709412575, -0.11122089624404907, 0.016635002568364143, 0.05702661722898483, -0.026750341057777405, 0.003163374727591872, -0.003545012092217803, -0.08365882933139801, -0.0063121807761490345, 0.09646467864513397, -0.07851357758045197, -0.032952871173620224, -0.023070868104696274, 0.05808913707733154, 0.05977095663547516, -5.2636764280578063e-8, 0.13146676123142242, -0.14374712109565735, 0.003344431519508362, 0.07741443812847137, -0.007427192758768797, -0.010050698183476925, -0.02555777318775654, -0.001180976745672524, -0.00452831294387579, 0.0893804281949997, -0.02311018668115139, 0.10861755907535553, -0.05490487441420555, 0.03987360745668411, 0.018150663003325462, 0.019297651946544647, 0.0051622842438519, 0.032108090817928314, -0.0485629104077816, 0.002847416326403618, -0.0025175404734909534, 0.030528008937835693, 0.04622695967555046, -0.026155173778533936, 0.027566740289330482, -0.08410709351301193, -0.0452435202896595, -0.01395299844443798, 0.053351398557424545, 0.01590830087661743, 0.046143997460603714, 0.05160970240831375, -0.01276309508830309, 0.05185121297836304, -0.06312824040651321, -0.02728421427309513, 0.00858408771455288, -0.043906692415475845, -0.11603578180074692, 0.09061720967292786, -0.12079154700040817, 0.033096540719270706, -0.09771168977022171, 0.046955425292253494, -0.0622427761554718, 0.02111862041056156, -0.03948795795440674, 0.09461458027362823, -0.026623930782079697, 0.009881401434540749, 0.009344825521111488, 0.014455496333539486, 0.031936999410390854, 0.04150814190506935, -0.04737264662981033, -0.008342165499925613, 0.04216340556740761, -0.03680969029664993, 0.06557842344045639, -0.029631568118929863, 0.06848675012588501, -0.08738965541124344, 0.06452024728059769, 0.012497317977249622 ]
iences, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany. 6 Department of Management & Management Science, Lubin School of Business, Pace University, New York, USA. ✉ Correspondence to: Indra Dannheim, M.A., Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany. [E-mail: indra.dannheim@oe.hs-fulda.de ] ✉ Corresponding author. Received 2024 Aug 8; Prepublished 2025 Mar 18; Issue date 2025 Jul 1.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.683
0.664
["management"]
416
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949678
[ 0.03623473271727562, -0.0053940718062222, 0.010609210468828678, -0.01947251707315445, 0.0742541179060936, -0.004232360515743494, -0.07111164182424545, 0.013563347049057484, 0.04360519349575043, -0.020867029204964638, 0.03153461962938309, -0.05310942232608795, -0.06550002098083496, 0.004964837338775396, 0.04519030079245567, -0.02666858769953251, 0.005165419541299343, -0.07007799297571182, -0.06592986732721329, -0.09236499667167664, -0.03620864450931549, -0.06293996423482895, -0.011993637308478355, -0.040445033460855484, -0.06418061256408691, 0.009242311120033264, -0.009667092002928257, 0.03972673788666725, -0.05457145348191261, -0.13927659392356873, 0.02724338509142399, 0.06257633119821548, 0.05372774973511696, 0.03789956495165825, 0.021876856684684753, 0.01616028882563114, -0.005435111001133919, -0.03014158084988594, 0.03544709458947182, 0.054703496396541595, -0.09613900631666183, -0.06398686021566391, -0.026351546868681908, -0.04338133707642555, -0.013251673430204391, 0.02337057515978813, 0.003521897364407778, -0.0025994807947427034, -0.07310100644826889, 0.031372833997011185, -0.0564800463616848, -0.05376185104250908, 0.03586084023118019, 0.010878757573664188, 0.036797236651182175, 0.05277460813522339, 0.04964914917945862, -0.026369396597146988, -0.0701877698302269, -0.04579346626996994, 0.05711255967617035, 0.014859291724860668, -0.11757567524909973, 0.06207709014415741, 0.014227143488824368, 0.02627730369567871, -0.00020433419558685273, 0.09021294116973877, -0.10123611241579056, -0.05509753152728081, 0.050859637558460236, -0.0869574323296547, -0.08857327699661255, 0.050350748002529144, 0.04365084320306778, -0.038252055644989014, 0.018643803894519806, 0.04732457175850868, 0.11912377923727036, 0.04151339456439018, -0.03341349959373474, 0.09082135558128357, -0.03694576025009155, -0.035458918660879135, -0.052502118051052094, -0.03804469481110573, 0.008911538869142532, -0.04018475115299225, 0.0035062870010733604, -0.027573926374316216, 0.08814867585897446, 0.0022551254369318485, -0.015440990217030048, 0.023964734748005867, -0.0547480583190918, 0.053474944084882736, -0.010546891018748283, 0.06681138277053833, 0.015000353567302227, 0.005238117650151253, -0.0026925515849143267, 0.12692949175834656, -0.03067075088620186, -0.021018946543335915, -0.11634620279073715, -0.08751273900270462, 0.07751575112342834, 0.0675521194934845, -0.016956042498350143, 0.030094413086771965, -0.04827341064810753, -0.007051285356283188, 0.0053312149830162525, -0.02097136899828911, -0.00370104075409472, -0.10129965841770172, -0.023366637527942657, 0.009968279860913754, 0.027576426044106483, -0.02331545762717724, 0.051065437495708466, 0.038483358919620514, 0.005400481168180704, 0.03458661958575249, -0.06447981297969818, 0.0056161736138165, -0.04419269040226936, 9.642360489288415e-33, -0.027410048991441727, -0.09010651707649231, -0.015561915934085846, 0.043395284563302994, 0.04725104197859764, -0.08935858309268951, -0.009111890569329262, 0.036329664289951324, -0.06983709335327148, 0.02940373308956623, -0.02367382124066353, 0.11264128237962723, -0.06807082146406174, -0.0588357038795948, 0.0616898238658905, 0.008828314952552319, -0.012689245864748955, 0.03335351124405861, 0.021497434005141258, 0.0070058745332062244, 0.04674985259771347, 0.011269701644778252, 0.03688662871718407, -0.008350524120032787, 0.09205470234155655, 0.005483906716108322, 0.003508634865283966, 0.003565796185284853, 0.019713470712304115, 0.03194193169474602, 0.11095013469457626, -0.10176466405391693, -0.09334239363670349, -0.048092618584632874, -0.07311662286520004, 0.06329513341188431, -0.08549600094556808, -0.008927281014621258, -0.009683034382760525, -0.11279207468032837, -0.04060802981257439, 0.014151002280414104, -0.033282652497291565, 0.03319396823644638, -0.000278607418294996, 0.11886850744485855, 0.05505330488085747, -0.04181278124451637, 0.03985033929347992, -0.0570385679602623, -0.020895646885037422, -0.044603381305933, 0.05298706516623497, -0.004930322524160147, 0.07813157141208649, -0.04832370579242706, 0.009205684997141361, -0.02511860616505146, -0.050116751343011856, 0.024858474731445312, -0.1248512789607048, 0.08556463569402695, -0.050594262778759, 0.05553056672215462, 0.052993010729551315, -0.044288042932748795, 0.012477286159992218, 0.024947762489318848, 0.13442231714725494, 0.009799103252589703, 0.027189960703253746, -0.038909461349248886, 0.01882721669971943, -0.01510920561850071, -0.045669879764318466, -0.08504651486873627, -0.030053460970520973, 0.03167968615889549, 0.020943110808730125, -0.031741511076688766, 0.04262946546077728, -0.004601736087352037, -0.010088556446135044, -0.02988061122596264, -0.060343336313962936, -0.025492431595921516, 0.089520163834095, -0.005390252452343702, -0.022994520142674446, 0.05096977576613426, 0.004856159910559654, 0.05481201037764549, 0.05317182466387749, 0.1269327849149704, 0.060250964015722275, -1.1604285540065767e-32, 0.02288156934082508, -0.057582974433898926, -0.005730283446609974, 0.016798650845885277, 0.010340464301407337, 0.11650761216878891, -0.021834583953022957, -0.020426517352461815, 0.0024024476297199726, 0.008799750357866287, -0.08179465681314468, -0.02604418620467186, -0.019163839519023895, 0.019709331914782524, -0.03174757957458496, -0.04221836477518082, 0.053948160260915756, -0.03744840994477272, -0.023108894005417824, -0.032478753477334976, -0.0032361720222979784, 0.09776788204908371, -0.03840558975934982, 0.028592729941010475, -0.04474633187055588, 0.06267853826284409, -0.04757026210427284, 0.018407519906759262, -0.028905082494020462, -0.043902091681957245, -0.0055600800551474094, -0.01892363652586937, -0.0009336627554148436, 0.042794108390808105, -0.04003161936998367, -0.07427337020635605, 0.012504812330007553, 0.0671292319893837, 0.02303268387913704, 0.1164589375257492, 0.024020766839385033, 0.005470228381454945, -0.08999580144882202, 0.031223244965076447, 0.05908950790762901, -0.03038530796766281, -0.06583123654127121, -0.03496350347995758, 0.0628252774477005, -0.08374635875225067, 0.005129927769303322, -0.018820449709892273, -0.06341905891895294, -0.09101065993309021, 0.01740374229848385, 0.0543978251516819, 0.0656600147485733, -0.09568074345588684, -0.023575780913233757, 0.0820523127913475, -0.02083662897348404, -0.009386705234646797, 0.047800999134778976, 0.021959159523248672, 0.013299897313117981, -0.04015837982296944, 0.023781370371580124, -0.016587523743510246, 0.017734911292791367, -0.04832688719034195, 0.0005724626244045794, 0.04840448498725891, 0.018395761027932167, -0.043361056596040726, -0.024486513808369637, -0.05881569907069206, -0.0010291815269738436, -0.024610770866274834, -0.04089989513158798, 0.04341632500290871, -0.030226534232497215, 0.006904677487909794, 0.05330706387758255, 0.050326451659202576, -0.04401102289557457, -0.028003934770822525, 0.03501490131020546, -0.10101877897977829, 0.001611597603186965, -0.04957075044512749, -0.011371850967407227, -0.03864974156022072, 0.018574582412838936, 0.07219123840332031, -0.0734856128692627, -6.950472908329175e-8, 0.03692498430609703, -0.0806630328297615, 0.06930341571569443, 0.06611721962690353, -0.07852527499198914, -0.02270141988992691, 0.041212048381567, 0.0058415415696799755, -0.025054151192307472, 0.028199100866913795, -0.03574826940894127, 0.0007718084380030632, -0.08338990062475204, 0.11269649863243103, 0.060523878782987595, 0.009544302709400654, 0.024952663108706474, 0.03547916188836098, -0.0644126832485199, 0.0346888042986393, 0.07292930781841278, 0.04238174855709076, 0.049793791025877, 0.003955211956053972, 0.024920322000980377, -0.02653997205197811, -0.048046987503767014, -0.0006923624314367771, 0.049797337502241135, 0.06971756368875504, -0.01049888227134943, 0.04093063995242119, 0.06851431727409363, 0.05691952258348465, -0.05252905935049057, -0.05089562013745308, -0.013141291216015816, -0.042088910937309265, -0.1150495782494545, 0.013363372534513474, -0.04481372609734535, -0.02090851031243801, -0.069979228079319, 0.06449895352125168, 0.013786743395030499, -0.07619334012269974, -0.03586610406637192, 0.05022861808538437, 0.022469600662589073, -0.017996573820710182, 0.011819915845990181, 0.0021999196615070105, 0.02762606553733349, 0.06348460912704468, -0.000881001993548125, -0.015525412745773792, -0.018041832372546196, -0.03401632606983185, 0.027185769751667976, -0.017698757350444794, 0.058864232152700424, -0.11528457701206207, 0.023572472855448723, 0.056456275284290314 ]
Prepublished 2025 Mar 18; Issue date 2025 Jul 1. Copyright: © Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License . PMC Copyright notice PMCID: PMC12278447 PMID: 40101167 Abstract Objective Based on the well-documented role of supervisors' in fostering healthy workplaces and managing the impact of work-related stress, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.846
["management", "leadership", "innovation"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949701
[ 0.0644940659403801, 0.08639434725046158, 0.018642881885170937, 0.0949285626411438, 0.04998122155666351, 0.0500856377184391, -0.03704667091369629, 0.006663637701421976, -0.07172395288944244, -0.047037046402692795, -0.01944057084619999, 0.032473478466272354, -0.002452841028571129, 0.03815578669309616, 0.03329965099692345, -0.03631726652383804, 0.002710178727284074, 0.06763792037963867, -0.02379618212580681, -0.09354908019304276, -0.07067389786243439, -0.01412605307996273, -0.039735522121191025, 0.057966042309999466, -0.08492352068424225, 0.05203988403081894, -0.032793816179037094, -0.02080368436872959, 0.03336574137210846, 0.011145252734422684, 0.007444832939654589, -0.10769613832235336, 0.032994288951158524, 0.019688911736011505, -0.04128699377179146, 0.018583223223686218, 0.061504729092121124, -0.007590502500534058, -0.008517595008015633, 0.0013749321224167943, -0.042457956820726395, 0.02077794447541237, -0.03248565271496773, -0.055225398391485214, -0.010907774791121483, -0.010241122916340828, -0.013941886834800243, 0.013888387009501457, -0.09423623234033585, -0.08493298292160034, -0.028062818571925163, -0.047101542353630066, 0.05399462208151817, 0.019907094538211823, 0.10940327495336533, 0.0025396051350980997, 0.06715714186429977, -0.06133771687746048, 0.01659947633743286, 0.024785226210951805, -0.07004687935113907, -0.0039347694255411625, -0.03783876448869705, -0.034506481140851974, -0.04633326083421707, -0.02534489892423153, -0.05588876083493233, 0.015317723155021667, -0.06683370471000671, 0.005219859071075916, 0.027083033695816994, -0.09970119595527649, 0.04706590622663498, -0.010205099359154701, 0.03365810960531235, 0.07286952435970306, -0.09314430505037308, -0.07108768820762634, 0.08114726841449738, 0.09224528074264526, 0.07711368054151535, -0.0176193006336689, 0.03368872031569481, 0.058817848563194275, -0.0346241220831871, -0.03906931355595589, 0.07080569118261337, -0.03622877597808838, -0.010916479863226414, 0.05632028728723526, 0.02308661676943302, -0.0010073535377159715, -0.007064605597406626, 0.004812369588762522, -0.07882336527109146, -0.014596089720726013, -0.09223777800798416, 0.08609083294868469, -0.10846031457185745, -0.010151742957532406, 0.029472699388861656, -0.039635468274354935, -0.02920425496995449, 0.015177033841609955, -0.031034940853714943, -0.05802840739488602, 0.02500952035188675, -0.0984865352511406, 0.01910780742764473, -0.018401240929961205, -0.0327378585934639, 0.002314992481842637, -0.021297132596373558, -0.0700882151722908, 0.014247437939047813, -0.03497864678502083, -0.0700402483344078, 0.04599625617265701, -0.026691487058997154, -0.0179859921336174, 0.13048692047595978, -0.02072233147919178, 0.09141089022159576, 0.0033937287516891956, -0.01192636601626873, 0.04205898195505142, 0.0033094706013798714, 4.4331892323721104e-33, 0.0600128211081028, 0.015137029811739922, -0.0019597907084971666, 0.11875010281801224, 0.03015795536339283, 0.019163135439157486, 0.031089577823877335, -0.01863255724310875, 0.021846843883395195, -0.05672108009457588, -0.0407717227935791, -0.03565508872270584, 0.006251313723623753, 0.05061790719628334, -0.09226507693529129, -0.054421719163656235, -0.02938816323876381, 0.05876733735203743, -0.06904016435146332, 0.00905766710639, -0.01956203207373619, -0.01371042151004076, -0.06277290731668472, 0.012580102309584618, -0.03835027292370796, 0.023522088304162025, 0.034201666712760925, -0.05879136919975281, -0.0056561739183962345, 0.03086136095225811, -0.02279958315193653, -0.015794917941093445, -0.02855902910232544, -0.006494337227195501, -0.06126302480697632, 0.0597037747502327, -0.02990986593067646, -0.07652038335800171, 0.017592284828424454, -0.07079165428876877, -0.0395449623465538, -0.03246910125017166, 0.0555138923227787, 0.037526149302721024, 0.027423858642578125, -0.011593019589781761, 0.003946234472095966, -0.04590774327516556, -0.004673674702644348, 0.0134497731924057, -0.06732191890478134, 0.047020621597766876, 0.08119167387485504, -0.034130074083805084, 0.0022253424394875765, -0.04797463119029999, 0.08845630288124084, -0.03242955729365349, -0.0006631935248151422, -0.004259093664586544, 0.0182173028588295, -0.03911706805229187, -0.1487167328596115, 0.039334800094366074, 0.13653099536895752, -0.023579318076372147, -0.000710279680788517, -0.06259280443191528, 0.010946896858513355, -0.0018371772021055222, -0.016104495152831078, 0.059327833354473114, 0.058912310749292374, 0.0006500257877632976, -0.047369666397571564, -0.040526315569877625, -0.006421326659619808, 0.013257929123938084, -0.0745372325181961, -0.03249770402908325, -0.003638788592070341, -0.010698716156184673, 0.05112045258283615, -0.05555938184261322, 0.05059965327382088, -0.0025343664456158876, -0.03776151314377785, 0.011704840697348118, 0.03551280498504639, 0.0651884600520134, 0.04799182340502739, 0.00926222000271082, 0.1174827441573143, 0.1395854651927948, -0.09411079436540604, -6.341481251367242e-33, 0.031669992953538895, -0.04188723862171173, -0.010450047440826893, -0.06348903477191925, 0.1912701576948166, 0.061439838260412216, -0.050486695021390915, -0.05965519696474075, 0.009580516256392002, -0.004801107104867697, 0.07216383516788483, -0.07714354246854782, -0.007298739161342382, 0.020427275449037552, 0.07295452803373337, -0.002380211604759097, -0.0022051173727959394, -0.0324881374835968, -0.07807576656341553, -0.07366711646318436, -0.0008101583807729185, -0.0480584017932415, 0.12923550605773926, 0.0909058228135109, -0.045437831431627274, -0.05219128355383873, 0.014677253551781178, -0.04155164957046509, 0.057095229625701904, 0.03558047488331795, 0.001412082347087562, 0.009725217707455158, -0.0197801161557436, 0.06804632395505905, 0.03823723644018173, 0.041122134774923325, -0.021134546026587486, -0.03035125695168972, -0.051883798092603683, 0.07496622204780579, 0.0044141546823084354, 0.08754438906908035, 0.03512859717011452, 0.0025479281321167946, 0.06016330048441887, 0.059993334114551544, 0.022534379735589027, -0.09452913701534271, -0.11723548918962479, 0.039252348244190216, 0.008412185125052929, -0.011375206522643566, -0.09303691238164902, 0.01160450093448162, 0.05293413996696472, -0.06363289803266525, 0.0058924355544149876, -0.07690440118312836, -0.07337597757577896, 0.0645131766796112, 0.0016676468076184392, -0.00994342751801014, 0.010114612989127636, 0.01392586063593626, -0.03610481321811676, -0.012906525284051895, -0.032826583832502365, -0.03999568521976471, -0.041416507214307785, 0.0714714452624321, -0.10025326907634735, -0.02902897633612156, 0.018307046964764595, 0.02705620601773262, -0.0647568479180336, -0.053584933280944824, -0.08913554251194, 0.015420597977936268, -0.07506053894758224, -0.04284432530403137, 0.012072021141648293, -0.03144322708249092, 0.017051715403795242, 0.006571418605744839, 0.019809283316135406, 0.05572386458516121, 0.03795710206031799, 0.08213192969560623, -0.010334042832255363, 0.0064013865776360035, -0.07428114861249924, -0.0306918453425169, -0.002734390553086996, 0.015968387946486473, 0.0493258573114872, -5.518817758343175e-8, -0.01932179182767868, -0.04211413115262985, -0.0073893386870622635, -0.03746193274855614, -0.024510104209184647, -0.022491563111543655, -0.027257049456238747, -0.03038616292178631, 0.026110436767339706, 0.07111263275146484, 0.053902219980955124, -0.058999694883823395, -0.009376141242682934, 0.014236791990697384, 0.08943481743335724, -0.07414878904819489, 0.10702832788228989, 0.029570389539003372, 0.033316470682621, -0.0023493976332247257, 0.024995485320687294, 0.013599496334791183, -0.02375551499426365, -0.018977463245391846, 0.02381543070077896, 0.024646447971463203, 0.007004162296652794, 0.12979687750339508, 0.014879618771374226, 0.01575547643005848, 0.05404217913746834, 0.050461545586586, -0.041296761482954025, 0.030725717544555664, -0.04234756529331207, 0.01305259857326746, -0.0010598559165373445, -0.020831333473324776, -0.01630292274057865, 0.07270151376724243, -0.004513132851570845, 0.07860217988491058, -0.020219920203089714, 0.0505434088408947, -0.028686093166470528, -0.009979002177715302, -0.08428611606359482, 0.05725642293691635, -0.03066214546561241, -0.06745222955942154, 0.003342389827594161, 0.0294276662170887, 0.04584014415740967, 0.01985100656747818, -0.005739622283726931, 0.027464400976896286, 0.015447348356246948, 0.018115714192390442, -0.013714698143303394, -0.0743207186460495, 0.12868757545948029, -0.01658661663532257, -0.025447534397244453, 0.06302260607481003 ]
of leader-targeted stress management interventions (SMI) on their psychological stress, mindfulness, mental health, and work- and leadership-related outcomes. Methods Eligible studies, including randomized controlled trials or controlled before–after studies, examining the effects of leader-targeted SMI on supervisors' psychological stress, mindfulness, mental health, and work- and leadership-related outcomes, were identified in four electronic databases and supplemented by manual search strategies.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.818
["leadership", "management"]
504
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949721
[ 0.058916397392749786, 0.07692179828882217, 0.02637293189764023, 0.06726755946874619, 0.06732513755559921, 0.02263675630092621, -0.044863224029541016, -0.05025158077478409, -0.02222704142332077, -0.0657501071691513, 0.007914267480373383, 0.03439566120505333, 0.010982771404087543, 0.016644801944494247, 0.05239899083971977, -0.025820843875408173, -0.005518577992916107, 0.061114612966775894, -0.045717161148786545, -0.04438308998942375, -0.0471809022128582, -0.01764490082859993, -0.008552120067179203, 0.008548242039978504, -0.08347272872924805, -0.02301739528775215, -0.07263565808534622, -0.03393614664673805, 0.000915471522603184, 0.04566032439470291, -0.003167961025610566, -0.051082734018564224, 0.001079201465472579, 0.038557350635528564, -0.011979559436440468, -0.005077248904854059, -0.005656366236507893, 0.049904607236385345, 0.01077728345990181, -0.03723088279366493, -0.0213309358805418, -0.014587270095944405, -0.007736852392554283, -0.04245063662528992, 0.004112564027309418, -0.05973867326974869, -0.03777507320046425, -0.009079140610992908, -0.0875646322965622, -0.08613868057727814, -0.07435235381126404, -0.04677657037973404, 0.049180954694747925, 0.018860600888729095, 0.04816124215722084, -0.024922596290707588, 0.07225243747234344, -0.041330937296152115, 0.038062114268541336, 0.0511951744556427, -0.05293387547135353, -0.046751685440540314, -0.050895120948553085, -0.024411175400018692, -0.009434184990823269, 0.008732256479561329, -0.059093739837408066, 0.008446025662124157, 0.016109229996800423, -0.0372333750128746, 0.028580820187926292, -0.1174280121922493, 0.0021902925800532103, 0.01914176531136036, 0.04695916175842285, 0.07300974428653717, -0.0549786277115345, -0.03633667156100273, 0.05790776386857033, 0.1024991050362587, 0.017789730802178383, 0.027331924065947533, 0.032106656581163406, 0.06333137303590775, -0.01703101396560669, -0.05094452202320099, 0.061549969017505646, 0.015376820228993893, 0.030108043923974037, 0.09771088510751724, 0.06618265807628632, 0.01065580453723669, -0.06087647005915642, -0.016331490129232407, -0.06551773101091385, -0.013072976842522621, -0.17370706796646118, 0.021333061158657074, -0.07323935627937317, -0.04036833718419075, 0.05986781418323517, -0.04515187069773674, 0.009764761663973331, -0.04552079364657402, -0.034823328256607056, -0.028389032930135727, 0.0549786314368248, -0.0937657579779625, -0.018886534497141838, -0.03604789450764656, -0.03562428057193756, -0.007947596721351147, 0.01438692957162857, -0.08219365030527115, 0.004671304952353239, -0.03927594795823097, -0.0928015485405922, 0.07407315075397491, 0.011033719405531883, -0.06402866542339325, 0.0948936939239502, -0.02951016090810299, 0.12479517608880997, 0.0189868975430727, -0.004988509695976973, 0.009004145860671997, -0.10940126329660416, -1.857064158857289e-33, 0.06659014523029327, 0.0020823373924940825, 0.03877871483564377, 0.06355000287294388, 0.06441301107406616, 0.005553945433348417, 0.021911723539233208, 0.019424812868237495, 0.0007801220053806901, -0.030925747007131577, -0.029592616483569145, -0.024211935698986053, 0.02263610251247883, 0.04700767621397972, -0.09676345437765121, -0.08955933153629303, 0.005020122043788433, 0.0730341374874115, -0.05346320942044258, 0.009834029711782932, 0.03482988849282265, 0.025907153263688087, 0.013406605459749699, 0.005190923344343901, -0.016123192384839058, -0.0074495915323495865, 0.03630742430686951, -0.04035162553191185, 0.013853190466761589, 0.025817982852458954, -0.05420298874378204, 0.019187849014997482, 0.006005915813148022, -0.013347898609936237, -0.04651515558362007, 0.11346019804477692, -0.046653930097818375, -0.018638301640748978, 0.018325356766581535, -0.0251387357711792, -0.00657318439334631, 0.05523400008678436, 0.07112602144479752, 0.03775497153401375, -0.02552920952439308, -0.027962341904640198, -0.06040900573134422, -0.03952239453792572, 0.06162753328680992, 0.028033366426825523, -0.1065034344792366, -0.00046829046914353967, 0.039933301508426666, 0.00012402510037645698, -0.009503434412181377, -0.020957287400960922, 0.13466767966747284, -0.001978424144908786, -0.010244248434901237, -0.010575477033853531, -0.022092871367931366, -0.06471025198698044, -0.13593077659606934, 0.018402215093374252, 0.057084109634160995, -0.010587567463517189, -0.014528258703649044, -0.07404579967260361, 0.012652183882892132, 0.018766723573207855, -0.013252236880362034, 0.06887460500001907, 0.05564210191369057, 0.007751770317554474, -0.020636223256587982, -0.0830703005194664, -0.04222666472196579, 0.031551510095596313, -0.05543433874845505, -0.004748482722789049, 0.034405194222927094, -0.0019555995240807533, -0.003656739601865411, -0.005946771707385778, -0.01283848937600851, 0.010361405089497566, -0.059159234166145325, 0.003768254304304719, -0.004357688128948212, 0.01988043636083603, 0.06616336852312088, 0.020681291818618774, 0.08596577495336533, 0.1570288985967636, -0.1156403124332428, 4.452114599584853e-34, -0.0006009599310345948, -0.045771580189466476, 0.05093416944146156, -0.05502980202436447, 0.15032531321048737, 0.05839307978749275, -0.017470823600888252, -0.07764182984828949, 0.049456436187028885, -0.009914704598486423, 0.05231389030814171, -0.016156576573848724, 0.01854347623884678, 0.021425873041152954, 0.05451417341828346, 0.016508178785443306, -0.006386151071637869, -0.07715543359518051, -0.06939461827278137, -0.07568786293268204, -0.03331160917878151, -0.014099541120231152, 0.10002243518829346, 0.03976304084062576, -0.03576279431581497, -0.030737729743123055, 0.04998110979795456, 0.023263702169060707, 0.07304920256137848, -0.010635502636432648, 0.051773764193058014, 0.023555975407361984, -0.03544269874691963, 0.09067615866661072, 0.031027259305119514, -0.0015958790900185704, 0.05630666762590408, -0.04925697669386864, -0.02657354809343815, 0.06133473291993141, 0.026543743908405304, 0.08251915127038956, 0.08524862676858902, -0.012784183956682682, 0.013175922445952892, 0.05187186226248741, -0.03951502963900566, -0.045142482966184616, -0.12110933661460876, 0.01359651517122984, -0.019221551716327667, 0.030029168352484703, -0.10159418731927872, 0.01089037861675024, 0.07595212012529373, -0.05626314878463745, -0.01707478240132332, -0.05726075544953346, -0.10117355734109879, 0.017804283648729324, -0.02665352262556553, -0.013492967002093792, 0.02906188741326332, -0.0054895030334591866, -0.057351283729076385, 0.04981163516640663, 0.03542656823992729, -0.018078582361340523, -0.0683935210108757, 0.07995697855949402, -0.0636337548494339, -0.013043289072811604, 0.020517272874712944, -0.005478935316205025, -0.06529337167739868, -0.01634151116013527, -0.0647408738732338, -0.013425735756754875, -0.07572746276855469, -0.033738281577825546, -0.007228098344057798, -0.06483325362205505, -0.013986758887767792, -0.015054786577820778, 0.03150434046983719, 0.058621007949113846, 0.06513718515634537, 0.08993709832429886, 0.005899946205317974, 0.038333989679813385, -0.08866817504167557, -0.05688400939106941, 0.024738190695643425, 0.03425673022866249, 0.0025658980011940002, -3.7187461998655635e-8, -0.044946566224098206, -0.04698897898197174, 0.003260022960603237, 0.029057836160063744, -0.03510117158293724, 0.012497344054281712, 0.010092923417687416, -0.009641759097576141, 0.002566843992099166, 0.03939143568277359, 0.03674275428056717, -0.038204729557037354, -0.04175926744937897, -0.038928378373384476, 0.04023931547999382, -0.10043219476938248, 0.05967874825000763, 0.011174880899488926, 0.093299500644207, -0.02748831734061241, 0.011989155784249306, 0.07861807197332382, -0.023027870804071426, -0.03109755739569664, -0.003840611781924963, 0.060654789209365845, -0.053875476121902466, 0.14845027029514313, -0.008657630532979965, 0.00489561352878809, 0.04711170494556427, 0.03132082149386406, 0.019380690529942513, 0.008074276149272919, 0.01680283062160015, 0.005898808594793081, -0.07104605436325073, -0.047438062727451324, 0.059945933520793915, 0.05049513652920723, 0.06054054945707321, 0.08287519961595535, 0.01120355911552906, 0.07687732577323914, -0.024648163467645645, 0.007881651632487774, -0.08346284180879593, 0.05497939512133598, -0.017352668568491936, -0.034000929445028305, 0.04593420773744583, 0.10188499093055725, -0.0020978704560548067, 0.03403665870428085, 0.010812520049512386, 0.025452133268117905, 0.05080374702811241, -0.011598026379942894, -0.011333789676427841, -0.08001229166984558, 0.11115684360265732, -0.05264798179268837, -0.06541784852743149, 0.060800597071647644 ]
ses and supplemented by manual search strategies. Screening for eligibility, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and certainty of evidence grading, following PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Handbook recommendations, were done in duplicate. Data were pooled in random effects models to synthesize g-scores. Sensitivity and moderator analyses were used to assess the robustness of the results and explore potential sources of heterogeneity.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.314
0.822
[]
443
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949743
[ -0.006011986173689365, 0.02656485140323639, 0.011000311002135277, 0.029278110712766647, 0.04141209274530411, 0.027468224987387657, -0.058625977486371994, 0.0920117124915123, -0.05104989558458328, 0.013574598357081413, -0.003579049138352275, 0.04011725261807442, 0.0021098030265420675, 0.009382953867316246, -0.017293669283390045, -0.06544157862663269, 0.06607918441295624, -0.025245822966098785, -0.06532251089811325, -0.08591436594724655, 0.025768635794520378, 0.05469789728522301, 0.06883995234966278, 0.011808487586677074, -0.024626746773719788, -0.07181083410978317, -0.07767399400472641, -0.05187680199742317, -0.0031701354309916496, 0.03556741774082184, -0.024024397134780884, -0.006745143327862024, 0.03755190223455429, 0.028669508174061775, -0.026608111336827278, -0.021601203829050064, -0.016182979568839073, 0.032231803983449936, -0.016820045188069344, 0.05164100602269173, -0.005745255388319492, -0.06729938834905624, 0.006470364984124899, -0.015155652537941933, 0.0007380432216450572, -0.08741272985935211, 0.016906630247831345, -0.031933851540088654, -0.07098899781703949, 0.11459579318761826, -0.0634809359908104, -0.047995675355196, 0.002952857641503215, -0.00886102020740509, 0.014921327121555805, -0.0013194528874009848, -0.013173671439290047, -0.021521326154470444, -0.02683129720389843, 0.02353268302977085, -0.05865919589996338, -0.061194486916065216, -0.10816053301095963, 0.03186759725213051, 0.10017456859350204, 0.03359277918934822, 0.004633351694792509, -0.09133623540401459, 0.04630197584629059, -0.02792595885694027, 0.0262457188218832, -0.05152958631515503, -0.07097195833921432, 0.0373239740729332, 0.0005710531841032207, 0.05977282673120499, -0.05877265706658363, 0.009060097858309746, 0.09449133276939392, -0.01528114266693592, 0.03869330883026123, 0.04373154044151306, 0.04916667565703392, 0.07710946351289749, 0.027733173221349716, -0.08547614514827728, -0.0015358607051894069, 0.022361624985933304, -0.0634840726852417, 0.07723849266767502, 0.09495005756616592, 0.005489165894687176, 0.014015772379934788, 0.05621161684393883, -0.05372638627886772, 0.0037242588587105274, -0.06596222519874573, -0.04788275063037872, 0.007570457644760609, 0.005647233221679926, -0.013738268055021763, 0.08100704103708267, -0.003447264665737748, 0.06953732669353485, -0.0959281399846077, -0.04534409940242767, -0.0002984926395583898, -0.00670422101393342, 0.022978154942393303, -0.01959816925227642, -0.021310830488801003, 0.0766156017780304, 0.08315195143222809, -0.038267847150564194, -0.0454084537923336, -0.052057426422834396, 0.051525626331567764, 0.06743773818016052, 0.03836449608206749, 0.05285026133060455, 0.04254257678985596, -0.08557010442018509, 0.05959426984190941, -0.04670136794447899, 0.028895851224660873, 0.04179591313004494, -0.1110975369811058, 2.1793207923474344e-33, 0.05904651805758476, 0.009189100004732609, 0.03872484713792801, -0.01266753301024437, -0.02948104217648506, -0.02354208193719387, -0.0430765300989151, 0.021436678245663643, 0.017761442810297012, -0.010906648822128773, -0.029680972918868065, 0.050631746649742126, -0.013224259950220585, 0.04644281417131424, 0.0002092875074595213, 0.17264555394649506, -0.0676504522562027, 0.06665465980768204, -0.07255047559738159, 0.038986656814813614, 0.05102277547121048, -0.06189059466123581, 0.051025811582803726, 0.018708890303969383, -0.02439429610967636, 0.017664145678281784, -0.03166749328374863, -0.030858295038342476, -0.06828400492668152, -0.0016133587341755629, -0.054000373929739, -0.05369925871491432, 0.0793217197060585, -0.07876159995794296, 0.00865914300084114, 0.08146706968545914, 0.00843823328614235, 0.030837135389447212, 0.024468474090099335, 0.005296299699693918, 0.005372378509491682, -0.00991825107485056, 0.08543311804533005, -0.0060717081651091576, 0.05187366530299187, -0.029524952173233032, -0.029456011950969696, -0.09966403990983963, 0.002561283065006137, 0.06527675688266754, -0.0025046442169696093, 0.05639269948005676, 0.026262259110808372, -0.017257673665881157, -0.046227551996707916, 0.12652063369750977, -0.012015239335596561, 0.018341900780797005, -0.0281535591930151, -0.006953060161322355, 0.0698760598897934, 0.04304731637239456, -0.027122948318719864, -0.011267327703535557, -0.0201374813914299, 0.00482894666492939, -0.058859966695308685, -0.08224102854728699, 0.016940748319029808, 0.04893799498677254, 0.02395569160580635, -0.02743021957576275, -0.032087016850709915, 0.04771847650408745, 0.003313658060505986, -0.07424239814281464, -0.03396197408437729, 0.030676323920488358, 0.05465945601463318, -0.11916109919548035, -0.013132823631167412, -0.015459905378520489, -0.06646444648504257, 0.01438235305249691, -0.037763599306344986, -0.016449691727757454, -0.0356123223900795, -0.022764449939131737, -0.01152657438069582, 0.0018447841284796596, 0.0018730476731434464, 0.00282685155980289, -0.05300828069448471, 0.03226526454091072, -0.026439696550369263, -3.6843471683364955e-33, -0.07526557892560959, -0.00047841938794590533, -0.020387552678585052, -0.07373140007257462, 0.008193953894078732, 0.0166635662317276, 0.07239636033773422, -0.08886312693357468, 0.0701972097158432, -0.004751316271722317, 0.05076271668076515, 0.09288064390420914, 0.06608426570892334, 0.0037512651178985834, -0.04769904911518097, 0.030103828758001328, -0.10969024896621704, 0.029362134635448456, -0.01825287565588951, 0.020081236958503723, 0.1171858161687851, 0.04866350442171097, 0.07283071428537369, 0.07718862593173981, 0.026318971067667007, -0.03130177780985832, 0.006203061435371637, -0.045652683824300766, 0.016087733209133148, -0.021562820300459862, 0.04540688544511795, 0.061376601457595825, -0.027749277651309967, -0.0017498770030215383, 0.07204791903495789, 0.01751137338578701, 0.013702083379030228, -0.05782484635710716, -0.05128614231944084, 0.05012264847755432, -0.014683816581964493, 0.1313880831003189, -0.031239407137036324, -0.04378649219870567, 0.06223093718290329, 0.06945184618234634, 0.04200422763824463, 0.005141500383615494, 0.047740206122398376, -0.031485091894865036, -0.05140672251582146, 0.049610722810029984, -0.05304183438420296, -0.004774091765284538, 0.01239771954715252, -0.09474740922451019, 0.025740202516317368, -0.08259052783250809, -0.13919486105442047, 0.08410108834505081, -0.015111011452972889, 0.0858759954571724, -0.10218800604343414, -0.02120683342218399, 0.04286216199398041, -0.05247805267572403, 0.02808295749127865, -0.05283895134925842, 0.01941627822816372, 0.08227646350860596, -0.08189652115106583, -0.11041412502527237, 0.02391204796731472, -0.11257276684045792, 0.026455318555235863, -0.004248864017426968, -0.036613766103982925, 0.07276999205350876, -0.08489809930324554, -0.015993209555745125, 0.03456221893429756, -0.0417841374874115, 0.05941910296678543, 0.016816092655062675, -0.03495936840772629, 0.012045902200043201, 0.006097819656133652, 0.05636534094810486, 0.002219544490799308, 0.08046617358922958, -0.10010548681020737, -0.04623544216156006, -0.02619454264640808, -0.009495539590716362, -0.060042742639780045, -4.728821778599013e-8, 0.058248843997716904, 0.04675508663058281, 0.008587033487856388, 0.08796625584363937, -0.0427730455994606, 0.012406003661453724, -0.12956996262073517, 0.013987304642796516, -0.04813860356807709, -0.011026458814740181, 0.011987959034740925, -0.012033195234835148, -0.039508529007434845, -0.011596200987696648, -0.007031410466879606, -0.0291205495595932, 0.08981707692146301, 0.11200813204050064, -0.02062438242137432, 0.022700365632772446, -0.014339226298034191, 0.03335145488381386, -0.023155108094215393, -0.018885096535086632, 0.017648709937930107, -0.013883823528885841, -0.010198780335485935, 0.013826709240674973, -0.013058585114777088, 0.005253472365438938, 0.05735601857304573, -0.026965929195284843, 0.04358455166220665, 0.011676119640469551, 0.01997624896466732, -0.07437080144882202, 0.005099911708384752, 0.05853814631700516, 0.027150625362992287, 0.06333710253238678, -0.018610164523124695, 0.04480025917291641, 0.06139788031578064, 0.027685090899467468, -0.055573128163814545, 0.029195934534072876, -0.02863251231610775, 0.018148841336369514, -0.00917158555239439, 0.036952584981918335, 0.03797956556081772, -0.09297540038824081, -0.07637899369001389, 0.002786520402878523, 0.01595054566860199, 0.004873752593994141, 0.06565256416797638, 0.038060784339904785, -0.018784750252962112, -0.1358945369720459, 0.08787131309509277, -0.031443677842617035, -0.02443631924688816, -0.025781434029340744 ]
s and explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Results The 25 studies (N=2466 participants) meeting the full inclusion criteria varied widely in population characteristics, intervention types, duration, delivery methods, and examined outcomes. The overall intervention effect was g=0.13 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.24– -0.01] after excluding outliers. Significant intervention effects were found for mental health [g=-0.38 (95% CI -0.69– -0.08)] and, after excluding influential cases, work- [g=-0.32 (95
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.684
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949763
[ 0.09539569169282913, 0.016530893743038177, 0.0361957885324955, 0.08488491922616959, -0.00968916341662407, 0.07012630254030228, -0.0516819953918457, 0.02605353854596615, 0.004910487215965986, -0.05367426574230194, 0.06239922344684601, 0.03965654969215393, -0.04692719876766205, -0.06923364102840424, 0.053256988525390625, -0.03754499927163124, 0.08393098413944244, -0.06458660960197449, -0.09718702733516693, -0.034732360392808914, -0.04188334569334984, -0.0215726550668478, 0.05299999937415123, 0.015598711557686329, -0.05926690250635147, 0.0074608479626476765, -0.04863192141056061, -0.013481320813298225, 0.06100301072001457, 0.06897737085819244, 0.012611259706318378, 0.049746111035346985, -0.023918934166431427, -0.013494601473212242, -0.017163557931780815, -0.03214045986533165, -0.058288756757974625, 0.10591084510087967, 0.055653151124715805, 0.01361730508506298, -0.02786700613796711, 0.0072240689769387245, 0.08746147155761719, 0.0342768058180809, -0.040051814168691635, -0.14520670473575592, -0.0059342579916119576, 0.003447331953793764, -0.08525680005550385, -0.0672767236828804, -0.00009098782174987718, 0.013381976634263992, 0.09377621859312057, 0.09231007099151611, -0.01859380677342415, -0.03572744503617287, 0.05131830275058746, -0.018178662285208702, 0.011276745237410069, 0.07428533583879471, -0.012708958238363266, 0.03816651180386543, -0.04825969412922859, -0.054701752960681915, 0.026045886799693108, 0.03727666288614273, -0.038280975073575974, -0.05319688841700554, -0.0157747995108366, -0.009821713902056217, 0.026634590700268745, -0.07861210405826569, -0.06564360111951828, 0.028812769800424576, 0.07357358187437057, 0.015744229778647423, -0.05366810783743858, -0.006023185793310404, 0.09510438144207001, -0.002753714332357049, 0.10006555914878845, 0.0678725466132164, 0.0682755708694458, 0.06771191954612732, 0.051012761890888214, -0.04699584096670151, 0.03035113774240017, 0.081960529088974, -0.027130667120218277, 0.06693775951862335, -0.005914394743740559, 0.002006841590628028, -0.060990963131189346, 0.013749278150498867, -0.02878638170659542, -0.0753643810749054, -0.03153634071350098, 0.010798192583024502, 0.04076039418578148, 0.020075364038348198, 0.10077669471502304, -0.02904471382498741, -0.05375203117728233, -0.0002516873355489224, -0.04617104306817055, -0.012660196982324123, 0.036025162786245346, -0.023570306599140167, -0.02958017960190773, -0.0073492685332894325, -0.08525911718606949, 0.027263253927230835, 0.017979184165596962, -0.005745030008256435, -0.0549134686589241, -0.07299859076738358, 0.02807123214006424, 0.08863484859466553, 0.046295780688524246, 0.014260568656027317, 0.11330205947160721, 0.036703046411275864, 0.07122897356748581, 0.06405148655176163, -0.04541664570569992, 0.0059905587695539, -0.10162346810102463, 2.1998136996440978e-33, 0.022389065474271774, -0.09563145786523819, 0.06049568951129913, 0.06486975401639938, 0.02202540822327137, -0.002285351976752281, -0.0516120083630085, -0.06976482272148132, 0.05090497434139252, -0.013039106503129005, -0.08037398755550385, -0.005694223567843437, -0.038925573229789734, 0.07904713600873947, -0.030991362407803535, 0.08722835034132004, -0.039373815059661865, 0.0993751585483551, -0.07365405559539795, 0.0803133174777031, 0.017979566007852554, -0.08006200194358826, -0.007506440859287977, 0.05757413059473038, -0.006536057684570551, 0.029702117666602135, -0.011632297188043594, -0.023149674758315086, -0.005802062805742025, -0.004284205846488476, 0.005552737042307854, -0.03693952411413193, 0.024255668744444847, -0.03654695674777031, -0.02513068914413452, 0.02819959819316864, 0.0013068887637928128, -0.01478277426213026, 0.002971804467961192, -0.013798187486827374, -0.024938594549894333, 0.0055456566624343395, 0.047476015985012054, 0.04348848760128021, 0.07720731198787689, 0.020809032022953033, -0.05591976270079613, -0.049529265612363815, -0.04338723048567772, 0.042057693004608154, -0.10468859225511551, 0.09775439649820328, 0.00789992231875658, -0.023697393015027046, -0.024755824357271194, -0.0532204732298851, 0.020375218242406845, 0.01927526295185089, 0.026653820648789406, 0.006302554626017809, 0.0037409544456750154, 0.01752520352602005, -0.09978072345256805, 0.013625425286591053, 0.08218766003847122, 0.022973431274294853, 0.03754550218582153, -0.08538198471069336, -0.021811706945300102, 0.04795483872294426, -0.03292694687843323, -0.012704645283520222, -0.021376263350248337, 0.07455587387084961, -0.0720130130648613, -0.03365080803632736, -0.05737139657139778, -0.033203430473804474, -0.011232595890760422, -0.024808574467897415, -0.012888954021036625, 0.005805103108286858, -0.04015195742249489, -0.05095234885811806, -0.07117544114589691, 0.02649177797138691, -0.08175594359636307, -0.010093336924910545, 0.027496883645653725, -0.019333207979798317, 0.07285458594560623, -0.013179067522287369, 0.03630431741476059, 0.023672249168157578, -0.05194072425365448, -4.239284827048251e-33, -0.0013743534218519926, 0.0415051206946373, 0.03099784441292286, -0.12220808863639832, 0.08482886850833893, 0.04501762241125107, 0.04502137005329132, -0.15333198010921478, 0.11487437784671783, 0.0419551357626915, -0.0013047099346295, -0.025164972990751266, 0.09793226420879364, 0.033236369490623474, -0.03749745711684227, -0.018075006082654, -0.027175458148121834, 0.026198124513030052, -0.02016161009669304, 0.01013641431927681, 0.09675455093383789, -0.07500440627336502, 0.15772469341754913, 0.02351449243724346, 0.034731123596429825, -0.01890748180449009, 0.027864284813404083, 0.03154631331562996, -0.041253864765167236, -0.07748161256313324, 0.033368758857250214, 0.0190269835293293, -0.0023164846934378147, -0.03351658955216408, 0.05772485211491585, 0.011246385984122753, 0.00959679577499628, 0.016647309064865112, -0.03212670981884003, -0.04195203632116318, -0.02287215180695057, 0.021328385919332504, 0.018655329942703247, 0.040749382227659225, -0.03533191978931427, 0.07902610301971436, 0.015260633081197739, -0.07000531256198883, -0.0029562709387391806, -0.002492307685315609, -0.04405749589204788, 0.004072779789566994, -0.00998043641448021, 0.028476092964410782, 0.02521517686545849, -0.10279330611228943, 0.022800641134381294, -0.11545948684215546, -0.11195080727338791, 0.03771181032061577, -0.025780251249670982, 0.038891036063432693, -0.0501217320561409, -0.014944067224860191, 0.0013043739600107074, -0.08845800906419754, -0.015588541515171528, -0.007826622575521469, 0.013834374956786633, -0.02657862938940525, -0.05454912409186363, -0.05027315020561218, 0.000011892097063537221, -0.1058250218629837, -0.009504369460046291, 0.024746717885136604, 0.026052316650748253, 0.008325788192451, -0.04730008542537689, 0.02179674431681633, -0.0077013419941067696, -0.06954075396060944, 0.039084356278181076, -0.06727032363414764, -0.029851410537958145, -0.03015550598502159, 0.023837091401219368, 0.0378018356859684, -0.00017225227202288806, 0.03223033621907234, -0.08801209181547165, 0.005630664061754942, -0.09118683636188507, -0.02990233711898327, -0.024660566821694374, -6.267821106575866e-8, 0.04542700946331024, 0.001468256814405322, -0.012110876850783825, 0.02146141603589058, 0.0019149956060573459, -0.016002533957362175, -0.12622542679309845, 0.036301519721746445, -0.03652777150273323, 0.07115864753723145, -0.004521090071648359, -0.06191336363554001, 0.0033183153718709946, -0.039510712027549744, -0.005648299120366573, -0.10160084813833237, 0.04995972663164139, 0.10732899606227875, 0.039987608790397644, -0.017305588349699974, -0.01576969027519226, 0.02898031659424305, 0.011802409775555134, -0.06592097878456116, -0.031178515404462814, 0.07625873386859894, -0.0370703786611557, 0.03401613608002663, -0.0634402334690094, 0.005401094909757376, 0.10266795754432678, -0.001965873409062624, 0.017178017646074295, -0.008762716315686703, -0.013240575790405273, -0.04974355548620224, -0.018025590106844902, 0.0397496372461319, 0.019368158653378487, 0.006022058892995119, 0.03765999898314476, 0.051408689469099045, 0.057070787996053696, 0.043525733053684235, -0.009776564314961433, -0.06887153536081314, -0.11849930882453918, 0.033817533403635025, 0.012450461275875568, 0.024047618731856346, 0.038452256470918655, 0.036726921796798706, -0.0050745755434036255, 0.018910082057118416, 0.029894543811678886, 0.10318747162818909, 0.06346487253904343, 0.0039004678837955, -0.06127586215734482, -0.04525278881192207, 0.06212224066257477, -0.04639336094260216, 0.023586146533489227, -0.006040495820343494 ]
er excluding influential cases, work- [g=-0.32 (95% CI -0.63– -0.00)] and leadership-related outcomes [g=-0.23 (95% CI -0.44– -0.02)]. Conclusion Our meta-analysis suggests that leader-targeted SMI can be an effective approach for promoting occupational health. Key terms : evidence-based workplace health promotion, healthy leadership, occupational health, program evaluation Creating healthy workplaces is a major task in today's occupational settings, especially considering the increasing economic burden ass
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.68
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949787
[ -0.02012418769299984, 0.09622728824615479, 0.003203525673598051, -0.028780296444892883, 0.09058081358671188, 0.10038487613201141, -0.0005802599480375648, 0.02412506379187107, -0.09549213945865631, -0.01813196949660778, -0.0038584242574870586, 0.04146149381995201, 0.0010296375257894397, -0.010690782219171524, 0.03411414846777916, -0.0447428859770298, 0.05201009288430214, 0.09128719568252563, -0.09468517452478409, -0.05957099795341492, -0.0803758054971695, 0.0006067220238037407, 0.046204596757888794, 0.00817164033651352, -0.07749605923891068, -0.05218696966767311, -0.03716195747256279, -0.045388590544462204, -0.02154727280139923, 0.0575658343732357, 0.030555754899978638, -0.016181588172912598, 0.06427794694900513, -0.02128089778125286, -0.05735168233513832, -0.008538737893104553, 0.05260056257247925, 0.024147743359208107, -0.017272120341658592, -0.026702411472797394, -0.010434295050799847, -0.04700981825590134, -0.00297539122402668, -0.018627792596817017, 0.0030023567378520966, -0.08611805737018585, 0.024207286536693573, -0.009513814002275467, -0.05118468403816223, 0.02849934622645378, -0.10140351951122284, -0.04255317896604538, 0.07492149621248245, 0.02786998823285103, 0.06054440513253212, -0.018771009519696236, -0.029164815321564674, -0.15493212640285492, -0.02828359045088291, 0.015317353419959545, -0.014991321600973606, -0.08448866009712219, -0.010370410047471523, 0.0039072223007678986, 0.050378840416669846, -0.03485175967216492, -0.06189529970288277, -0.06749743223190308, -0.05968760326504707, 0.02140573225915432, 0.007023155689239502, -0.12343891710042953, -0.0680113211274147, 0.02615957334637642, 0.05538066104054451, 0.10241958498954773, -0.026385746896266937, -0.02459356002509594, 0.06341526657342911, 0.053134720772504807, 0.02574106492102146, 0.021875744685530663, 0.038522858172655106, 0.0877348929643631, -0.028105225414037704, -0.015556239522993565, -0.006192333996295929, -0.005872924346476793, -0.06835849583148956, 0.10728956758975983, -0.00523578142747283, 0.003501997562125325, -0.10492531210184097, 0.0036564115434885025, 0.005077958106994629, -0.03768816217780113, -0.08425790816545486, 0.023735813796520233, -0.020317886024713516, 0.009486350230872631, 0.004669677000492811, -0.016645612195134163, -0.000972633482888341, -0.042147353291511536, -0.041381001472473145, -0.05012848600745201, 0.044829025864601135, -0.02721131592988968, -0.04750102758407593, -0.005442187190055847, 0.033530816435813904, -0.01740279048681259, -0.033063821494579315, -0.06066415458917618, 0.036345478147268295, 0.004429314285516739, -0.05258376523852348, 0.07096309959888458, -0.05216958746314049, -0.010550929233431816, 0.09642437100410461, -0.008274277672171593, 0.039877403527498245, 0.04606518894433975, -0.008323502726852894, -0.012883555144071579, -0.016646292060613632, -2.6308035605853047e-33, -0.012928551994264126, 0.03023744374513626, 0.08129684627056122, 0.042532578110694885, 0.06408098340034485, -0.059835948050022125, -0.03368585556745529, -0.07409358769655228, 0.01709003746509552, 0.004231353756040335, -0.048690635710954666, 0.08217589557170868, 0.051203444600105286, 0.03642059117555618, -0.026538275182247162, -0.03735055774450302, -0.020460564643144608, 0.045678216964006424, -0.09378425031900406, 0.03262590989470482, 0.053752437233924866, -0.0472882017493248, -0.04157864674925804, -0.03181387856602669, -0.052934564650058746, 0.019164836034178734, 0.03630661964416504, -0.021200841292738914, 0.011425724253058434, 0.02672010473906994, 0.026801373809576035, 0.0011966171441599727, -0.015516102313995361, -0.13208886981010437, -0.03162047639489174, 0.03167916089296341, -0.11264681816101074, -0.02546963095664978, -0.0035852708388119936, -0.006931222043931484, -0.03350011259317398, -0.003199078142642975, 0.0710783302783966, 0.033700130879879, 0.07559269666671753, -0.029366329312324524, -0.09091386944055557, -0.04140675067901611, 0.024785054847598076, 0.022175343707203865, -0.056902095675468445, -0.023945629596710205, 0.11431410908699036, -0.007479224354028702, -0.03412680700421333, -0.0010966059053316712, 0.08278555423021317, 0.030704084783792496, -0.03567599132657051, 0.019978923723101616, 0.017204880714416504, 0.0585162378847599, -0.1251349151134491, 0.08443897217512131, -0.03010869026184082, -0.01859249733388424, -0.0026460958179086447, -0.06587260216474533, 0.01687534525990486, 0.03265706077218056, 0.12965768575668335, 0.103718601167202, -0.05062873661518097, 0.0008108550682663918, -0.060476090759038925, 0.004539639223366976, -0.06920267641544342, 0.0037410827353596687, -0.006735691335052252, 0.034391850233078, 0.006615815218538046, 0.016324209049344063, -0.027846233919262886, -0.054672129452228546, 0.051751237362623215, 0.05409439653158188, -0.047101572155952454, 0.006033249665051699, 0.03321151062846184, 0.04510965570807457, 0.005357456859201193, 0.008752194233238697, 0.04685448855161667, 0.14436815679073334, -0.06739052385091782, -1.0740309130825887e-33, -0.0044783614575862885, 0.035107288509607315, 0.06641477346420288, -0.053365517407655716, 0.07361909002065659, 0.05115304887294769, 0.022746318951249123, -0.11312533915042877, 0.00482894666492939, 0.06089656054973602, 0.039585281163454056, 0.007351740729063749, -0.0013546671252697706, -0.009520343504846096, 0.08697696775197983, 0.013768118806183338, 0.030219048261642456, -0.050673916935920715, -0.0386238619685173, 0.005579816643148661, 0.07068116217851639, 0.06568660587072372, 0.05422186478972435, 0.10081519186496735, -0.003987086936831474, -0.005695380736142397, -0.0074014365673065186, 0.05880499258637428, 0.047136902809143066, -0.02761710062623024, -0.0012198108015581965, 0.06901901215314865, -0.0006434184615500271, -0.051788873970508575, 0.009790443815290928, -0.030685272067785263, 0.01142143178731203, -0.08962588757276535, 0.029025588184595108, 0.10194866359233856, 0.0723038762807846, 0.004123393911868334, 0.03290167078375816, 0.002883559325709939, 0.0012259192299097776, 0.0025957573670893908, -0.013427749276161194, -0.03817109391093254, -0.10873501002788544, -0.019095346331596375, 0.003469320712611079, 0.04413595050573349, -0.060292258858680725, 0.022155601531267166, 0.05489582195878029, 0.00943333376199007, -0.0030877823010087013, -0.10939928144216537, -0.10826622694730759, 0.008178194053471088, -0.0055481609888374805, 0.04043539613485336, 0.023646432906389236, 0.04307887703180313, -0.03450576215982437, -0.011945310048758984, 0.0679706558585167, -0.01816694438457489, -0.04647166654467583, -0.03017282299697399, -0.07258465141057968, -0.037859752774238586, -0.006587314885109663, -0.039695944637060165, -0.09400422871112823, -0.05187142640352249, -0.06881663203239441, 0.052391696721315384, -0.06278358399868011, 0.012194985523819923, -0.04208209738135338, -0.11957451701164246, -0.008293588645756245, -0.07358275353908539, -0.002102247904986143, -0.014196382835507393, -0.0032736510038375854, 0.007487735245376825, -0.016539663076400757, 0.05393923819065094, -0.06830015778541565, -0.0419437438249588, -0.025684628635644913, 0.0014337915927171707, -0.10540705919265747, -5.163390781603994e-8, 0.035297416150569916, -0.020151033997535706, 0.010067041963338852, 0.048787619918584824, -0.12998457252979279, -0.04289998486638069, -0.08108709752559662, -0.014681272208690643, 0.0835486352443695, 0.04554138332605362, 0.002102759899571538, -0.017667077481746674, -0.022186720743775368, -0.011497651226818562, 0.09173299372196198, 0.005627931095659733, 0.026890629902482033, 0.016144830733537674, 0.0020891178864985704, -0.060164518654346466, 0.09214481711387634, 0.02965828776359558, 0.033158205449581146, -0.006425885017961264, -0.03767816722393036, 0.07409803569316864, -0.04993022605776787, 0.04668821766972542, 0.0002167828060919419, 0.003139493288472295, 0.027562636882066727, 0.05437447503209114, -0.029366830363869667, -0.009096695110201836, -0.024509012699127197, -0.037839896976947784, 0.05112653598189354, -0.04709572717547417, 0.03242839127779007, 0.036661650985479355, 0.0495392382144928, 0.0568486824631691, 0.03018070198595524, 0.04405159503221512, -0.04445020481944084, -0.0056879473850131035, -0.08654983341693878, 0.06317128241062164, -0.02225354127585888, -0.07500375807285309, 0.005919185467064381, 0.012942097149789333, 0.030116761103272438, 0.0143364779651165, -0.0515315867960453, 0.06006947159767151, 0.06697016209363937, 0.01554208341985941, -0.06901422142982483, -0.04275378957390785, 0.1451139599084854, -0.02774100750684738, 0.012579423375427723, 0.054662130773067474 ]
lly considering the increasing economic burden associated with work-related stress and mental health issues ( 1 – 3 ). Supervisors have been shown to play an important role in creating and promoting healthy workplaces ( 4 , 5 ). They are chiefly responsible for establishing and anchoring health-promoting structures and processes ( 6 , 7 ), shaping the health-promoting design of the workplace through their behavior ( 8 , 9 ), and serving as role models to their subordinates ( 8 – 11 ).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.698
0.868
[]
489
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949805
[ 0.03743460029363632, 0.014985872432589531, -0.019778642803430557, -0.004741109441965818, 0.046960633248090744, 0.0868869423866272, -0.023816196247935295, -0.015379886142909527, -0.07117488235235214, -0.06331893056631088, -0.047669388353824615, 0.049081407487392426, -0.013777258805930614, -0.003617306938394904, 0.03969090059399605, -0.015177179127931595, -0.0044024065136909485, 0.03941406309604645, -0.04269658401608467, -0.013327988795936108, -0.012416147626936436, -0.001613321015611291, 0.04111224040389061, 0.03286362066864967, -0.10187507420778275, -0.009874621406197548, -0.00007200726395240054, -0.08316873759031296, 0.0367862768471241, 0.04624662175774574, -0.001184205524623394, -0.06190895661711693, 0.012614700011909008, -0.005037290975451469, 0.006984398700296879, -0.00486420514062047, 0.07959306985139847, 0.05564415454864502, -0.05084175243973732, 0.025514300912618637, -0.05621759220957756, 0.004500498995184898, -0.019392836838960648, -0.010437286458909512, -0.0345604307949543, -0.04691646993160248, 0.018376976251602173, 0.02651612088084221, -0.03896050900220871, -0.09390665590763092, -0.031016213819384575, -0.04544980451464653, 0.02788647823035717, -0.004879462532699108, 0.0647660344839096, -0.049665529280900955, 0.04586073383688927, -0.10406766086816788, -0.0441138818860054, 0.06489713490009308, 0.06490679085254669, -0.025213690474629402, 0.008199227042496204, 0.013994350098073483, 0.01706540770828724, -0.05191422626376152, -0.11213163286447525, 0.027011409401893616, -0.07213862985372543, -0.011658345349133015, -0.0015875505050644279, -0.1704614758491516, 0.008657415397465229, 0.04062378779053688, 0.02918398380279541, 0.01149692665785551, -0.029249217361211777, -0.027493327856063843, 0.06805430352687836, 0.039534300565719604, 0.02295709028840065, -0.013923144899308681, 0.09071873128414154, 0.10818585753440857, -0.0685853362083435, -0.05767174810171127, 0.024656064808368683, -0.0044816299341619015, 0.02398616448044777, 0.04566434398293495, 0.050360359251499176, -0.02637019194662571, -0.06242765113711357, -0.002714748727157712, -0.0649302750825882, -0.008227657526731491, -0.0307666826993227, 0.02151866815984249, -0.028438018634915352, 0.03637346997857094, 0.028975840657949448, -0.027620382606983185, 0.05649106204509735, 0.09011846780776978, -0.05032436177134514, -0.022299299016594887, -0.05778192728757858, -0.07514835894107819, -0.05293837934732437, -0.00991271436214447, -0.056484222412109375, 0.027459025382995605, -0.050200723111629486, -0.02938874624669552, 0.033569663763046265, -0.034183938056230545, -0.07524890452623367, 0.0033048882614821196, -0.056030914187431335, -0.0049807545728981495, 0.12342148274183273, -0.022248227149248123, 0.07181096076965332, 0.06616731733083725, -0.010367917828261852, 0.0034796278923749924, -0.05083192512392998, -3.085288063850595e-33, 0.05177675932645798, 0.008704249747097492, 0.08080842345952988, 0.07327333837747574, 0.07212856411933899, 0.04315602034330368, 0.00010844622738659382, -0.008315932005643845, 0.03076242469251156, -0.012995855882763863, -0.06883297115564346, -0.016192449256777763, 0.043683648109436035, 0.05676957964897156, -0.13007980585098267, -0.07668469101190567, -0.0280478335916996, 0.05040053278207779, -0.06200248375535011, 0.03404168039560318, -0.029692519456148148, -0.0028480493929237127, -0.013730569742619991, 0.044326696544885635, -0.04811936244368553, 0.05025222525000572, 0.051241613924503326, -0.01563914306461811, 0.0016942857764661312, 0.059575241059064865, -0.07900452613830566, -0.02817508950829506, -0.043648846447467804, -0.04045641049742699, -0.07869087159633636, 0.04982145130634308, -0.0421135239303112, -0.05183599889278412, 0.051140736788511276, -0.10937400162220001, 0.009313775226473808, -0.030202990397810936, 0.07048170268535614, 0.017949407920241356, 0.025354256853461266, 0.03969575837254524, 0.031183704733848572, -0.014244049787521362, -0.027768919244408607, 0.08960193395614624, -0.05032380670309067, -0.056622497737407684, 0.060521092265844345, -0.043207716196775436, -0.016404885798692703, -0.09511888772249222, 0.05255475640296936, -0.0018772392068058252, -0.00679902033880353, -0.01951388269662857, -0.005494516342878342, -0.024773137643933296, -0.10202287137508392, 0.002382047940045595, 0.08737126737833023, -0.04975922033190727, -0.003784465603530407, -0.04903487116098404, 0.0873265191912651, -0.009901597164571285, -0.019989755004644394, 0.14917202293872833, -0.004951843526214361, -0.02119908109307289, -0.09255411475896835, 0.008014566265046597, -0.034635454416275024, -0.014757243916392326, -0.026324065402150154, 0.004954702686518431, -0.012462662532925606, 0.06378055363893509, -0.025484465062618256, -0.020422134548425674, 0.014646963216364384, 0.0030342203099280596, -0.026945171877741814, 0.0160725936293602, -0.016649015247821808, 0.10099103301763535, -0.043020423501729965, -0.022776832804083824, 0.15029294788837433, 0.18385864794254303, -0.06721532344818115, -8.92562778812948e-34, 0.044959720224142075, -0.021100878715515137, -0.045482195913791656, -0.06977898627519608, 0.15179452300071716, -0.03939514979720116, -0.02539176121354103, -0.05659177899360657, 0.007767098024487495, 0.02377977967262268, 0.021457480266690254, -0.04695751890540123, 0.006903252098709345, 0.0007837416487745941, 0.03234332799911499, 0.03766153007745743, 0.03128760680556297, -0.07080218940973282, -0.08158712834119797, -0.10906369239091873, -0.017926819622516632, 0.012782372534275055, 0.05879727751016617, 0.04875202849507332, -0.06298093497753143, 0.025675179436802864, 0.019335538148880005, -0.05396582558751106, 0.06088140606880188, 0.08718133717775345, -0.029750175774097443, 0.0169717688113451, -0.004270210396498442, 0.0559258870780468, 0.037428032606840134, 0.02486424334347248, -0.028912926092743874, 0.015082559548318386, -0.003476401325315237, 0.017607739195227623, 0.07137113064527512, 0.08054623752832413, 0.03200742229819298, 0.040491022169589996, 0.040428340435028076, 0.0031228293664753437, 0.013739551417529583, -0.06610263139009476, -0.054492510855197906, -0.0521828718483448, 0.013625838793814182, -0.08146484196186066, -0.061034344136714935, -0.003744835965335369, -0.045938197523355484, -0.01030745916068554, 0.02209477871656418, -0.05487360805273056, -0.047084785997867584, 0.02435380034148693, -0.05703967064619064, 0.014818097464740276, -0.013307973742485046, -0.0013672678032889962, -0.03719659149646759, -0.05697599798440933, -0.05113981291651726, 0.030301718041300774, -0.02025630697607994, -0.060682717710733414, -0.046344488859176636, 0.016309231519699097, 0.0014898829394951463, -0.0318545438349247, -0.06392904371023178, -0.0964568704366684, -0.08118759095668793, -0.01685686782002449, -0.04861919954419136, 0.05640821158885956, -0.06170060485601425, -0.06455555558204651, 0.012598469853401184, 0.013924110680818558, -0.036749713122844696, -0.0019178517395630479, 0.04320725426077843, 0.11908810585737228, 0.03133370727300644, 0.006008688826113939, -0.008441431447863579, 0.04154636338353157, -0.06764887273311615, 0.033097997307777405, 0.024291424080729485, -4.495822736316768e-8, 0.0002389243891229853, -0.10145875066518784, 0.04553680494427681, -0.028186338022351265, -0.06575659662485123, -0.048208288848400116, 0.014165528118610382, -0.002260555513203144, 0.07457792013883591, 0.07158699631690979, 0.06552913039922714, -0.027432652190327644, 0.01900901086628437, -0.013463805429637432, 0.12323032319545746, -0.05035640671849251, 0.0019288950134068727, 0.05369025468826294, -0.005934617947787046, -0.002584274625405669, 0.09422937035560608, -0.017766615375876427, 0.03924250602722168, 0.017746565863490105, -0.04330968111753464, 0.04898097366094589, -0.06443455815315247, 0.02884802408516407, 0.0055871885269880295, 0.10428979992866516, 0.04413819685578346, 0.06863681226968765, -0.044547904282808304, -0.005476826336234808, -0.024661947041749954, -0.03251928463578224, -0.021535441279411316, -0.08717415481805801, 0.037096209824085236, 0.04854074865579605, -0.0015580408507958055, 0.04062192887067795, -0.014779343269765377, 0.06195327639579773, -0.010599846951663494, -0.05673189088702202, -0.07388328015804291, 0.05698830634355545, -0.013081462122499943, -0.044985681772232056, -0.059114810079336166, 0.012604682706296444, 0.04302051663398743, 0.003267694264650345, -0.00981043465435505, -0.008883261121809483, 0.0309453085064888, 0.006511306390166283, -0.06901335716247559, -0.047843869775533676, 0.04434078931808472, 0.04340045154094696, 0.08839596062898636, 0.07214520126581192 ]
as role models to their subordinates ( 8 – 11 ). Simultaneously, supervisors themselves are confronted with numerous stressors at work that may substantially increase the risk of negative health effects ( 12 – 14 ). Heavy deadlines, performance pressure, the need to manage multiple tasks simultaneously, and frequent disruptions are commonly reported stressors ( 7 , 15 ). Survey data from approximately 20 000 employees in 2018 indicated that managers across various industries were significantly more likely
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.856
["management"]
510
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949825
[ 0.05513596534729004, -0.008752579800784588, 0.02277517318725586, 0.05834219604730606, 0.04953658580780029, 0.003006740240380168, -0.010633241385221481, -0.011896039359271526, -0.046193573623895645, -0.03035334311425686, -0.02242548018693924, 0.015470636077225208, 0.00044251829967834055, 0.03492315858602524, 0.028149427846074104, -0.07787677645683289, 0.005263239610940218, 0.00279357866384089, -0.07806988805532455, -0.01744786463677883, -0.010889185592532158, -0.04995042830705643, -0.04283325374126434, 0.03850331902503967, -0.10089138150215149, -0.018328038975596428, -0.049761634320020676, -0.04495606571435928, -0.02259364351630211, -0.0066857715137302876, -0.029309069737792015, -0.11829910427331924, 0.0204963106662035, 0.003607148537412286, -0.011543801054358482, -0.007536239456385374, -0.006071030627936125, 0.031362637877464294, -0.007419226691126823, 0.02656921185553074, -0.06482136249542236, 0.02999100089073181, -0.03234609216451645, -0.02102465182542801, -0.043693143874406815, -0.037261296063661575, -0.008762107230722904, -0.019636178389191628, 0.006975875701755285, -0.050417687743902206, -0.03944845125079155, -0.014660313725471497, 0.05747212842106819, 0.028347646817564964, 0.10218974202871323, -0.042192280292510986, 0.053423214703798294, -0.10983932018280029, -0.03922954201698303, 0.048400480300188065, -0.049047987908124924, -0.023655835539102554, -0.03537801280617714, -0.015409263782203197, 0.049968186765909195, 0.01516691129654646, -0.05060321092605591, -0.002783271251246333, -0.06985078006982803, 0.07234057039022446, 0.0009228456183336675, -0.1358756422996521, -0.0350789949297905, -0.01396214123815298, 0.041577331721782684, 0.05284539982676506, -0.054229967296123505, -0.007019233424216509, 0.05146006494760513, 0.008420663885772228, 0.05117055028676987, -0.010137183591723442, 0.06876669824123383, 0.04878166317939758, -0.029189879074692726, -0.0822659507393837, 0.04490383714437485, 0.027930421754717827, 0.008037567138671875, 0.04114783927798271, 0.058498580008745193, -0.01786762662231922, 0.028281010687351227, 0.04134605452418327, -0.04366419464349747, 0.03123895823955536, -0.0685211792588234, 0.0807829350233078, -0.07685604691505432, -0.012085171416401863, -0.01625603437423706, -0.0352095365524292, 0.017778025940060616, 0.08981170505285263, -0.006582717411220074, -0.02754100039601326, -0.02071947418153286, -0.1213618591427803, -0.015566353686153889, -0.010211731307208538, -0.011503275483846664, 0.07353144139051437, -0.028182344511151314, -0.10229326784610748, 0.003083642339333892, 0.00843121763318777, -0.08777818083763123, 0.018107278272509575, -0.04100191593170166, 0.057326097041368484, 0.02961757965385914, -0.038556501269340515, 0.09205617010593414, 0.00522783724591136, 0.013357546180486679, 0.0073549202643334866, -0.052797574549913406, 3.801953908768327e-33, 0.08537060022354126, 0.001422489178366959, 0.03528258204460144, 0.057106275111436844, 0.057117171585559845, 0.016712136566638947, -0.04297587648034096, 0.04034648835659027, 0.004214358516037464, -0.10227052867412567, -0.011122436262667179, -0.05934497341513634, -0.04072096571326256, -0.029863176867365837, -0.08180563896894455, -0.022178029641509056, 0.009400967508554459, 0.13158345222473145, -0.020035263150930405, 0.00100186828058213, -0.036916401237249374, -0.08362957835197449, -0.0765984058380127, 0.03660024702548981, -0.020030174404382706, 0.03734993562102318, 0.025463217869400978, -0.020990191027522087, -0.019085664302110672, 0.02353900484740734, -0.061805762350559235, 0.011882583610713482, 0.00048441922990605235, 0.006831545382738113, -0.06298596411943436, 0.06531743705272675, -0.02964690327644348, 0.005568303633481264, 0.0614052340388298, -0.060302115976810455, -0.0527215451002121, -0.043725885450839996, 0.06611024588346481, 0.025971930474042892, -0.007587067782878876, -0.050176408141851425, 0.006772433873265982, -0.07080931961536407, -0.046246130019426346, 0.05033670365810394, -0.06942997127771378, 0.03995835408568382, 0.08991184830665588, -0.050230737775564194, -0.020609240978956223, 0.005077030044049025, 0.08510889112949371, -0.08297090232372284, -0.01892906427383423, 0.033803150057792664, -0.005964144133031368, -0.019723016768693924, -0.14884713292121887, 0.006150648929178715, 0.08165662735700607, -0.00004888867260888219, -0.012903046794235706, -0.016266828402876854, 0.07540234923362732, 0.07799345999956131, -0.09450798481702805, 0.046188171952962875, 0.011507874354720116, -0.06454461067914963, -0.04834142327308655, 0.04511762410402298, -0.02268700674176216, -0.06780131906270981, -0.04978140443563461, -0.01872173696756363, -0.034121282398700714, -0.03355948626995087, 0.04742775112390518, 0.011271473951637745, -0.022022007033228874, 0.017511267215013504, -0.040442608296871185, -0.013675096444785595, -0.007160090375691652, 0.12191874533891678, -0.013912683352828026, 0.007419008761644363, 0.10307113826274872, 0.14712026715278625, -0.052447035908699036, -5.495674862384205e-33, 0.0011952075874432921, -0.07931963354349136, -0.06836406141519547, -0.07301802933216095, 0.16850543022155762, 0.0023815224412828684, -0.02080211415886879, -0.037297919392585754, -0.023922257125377655, -0.028150122612714767, 0.03643079102039337, -0.01836979016661644, -0.007156828884035349, 0.03620762750506401, 0.0020215949043631554, 0.023445291444659233, 0.07083451747894287, -0.002739968476817012, -0.019323717802762985, -0.09947005659341812, -0.031396184116601944, -0.03613045811653137, 0.042413245886564255, 0.0439508818089962, -0.053809501230716705, 0.022461170330643654, -0.054131023585796356, -0.04266827553510666, 0.018197055906057358, 0.036230091005563736, -0.048579517751932144, 0.037584464997053146, 0.06066981703042984, 0.09887145459651947, 0.07601112127304077, 0.034399017691612244, -0.10067430138587952, -0.01699291542172432, 0.011638442985713482, 0.07570357620716095, 0.04540244862437248, 0.11618024110794067, 0.08169196546077728, 0.0023570978082716465, 0.04358432814478874, 0.0504869669675827, 0.01796412654221058, -0.09389922767877579, -0.11908811330795288, 0.01802350953221321, -0.01458771899342537, -0.03396105766296387, -0.08486339449882507, 0.06855596601963043, 0.005894545931369066, -0.08173857629299164, -0.00753531651571393, -0.0953180342912674, 0.003453384153544903, 0.0791262537240982, -0.03570445626974106, 0.005988928489387035, 0.019006269052624702, -0.013425213284790516, -0.045804139226675034, -0.024032874032855034, 0.0252241138368845, -0.06905388087034225, 0.0010938619961962104, 0.04153638333082199, -0.01240571215748787, 0.005298097152262926, -0.010485402308404446, 0.019941261038184166, -0.020397167652845383, -0.025990596041083336, -0.09990967065095901, 0.00438639335334301, -0.0740167573094368, -0.008053768426179886, -0.022929146885871887, -0.03851362317800522, 0.031514257192611694, 0.036802683025598526, -0.07958719879388809, 0.10192649811506271, 0.0461464561522007, 0.09776166826486588, 0.04104626551270485, -0.02028210647404194, -0.03068935126066208, 0.01917426846921444, -0.03372590243816376, 0.022003712132573128, 0.019559534266591072, -4.7123343449584354e-8, 0.012528505176305771, 0.025087203830480576, 0.02736995555460453, -0.08521145582199097, 0.019325342029333115, -0.0650763288140297, 0.008877880871295929, -0.018136238679289818, 0.06770777702331543, 0.07690558582544327, 0.124801866710186, -0.03226368874311447, 0.040293045341968536, -0.03066551685333252, 0.09796685725450516, -0.017978297546505928, 0.018537476658821106, 0.07851450890302658, 0.03546654060482979, 0.01425439864397049, 0.06028284132480621, 0.014685595408082008, 0.03512365370988846, -0.024092772975564003, 0.010361110791563988, 0.0411360003054142, -0.030385153368115425, 0.10956472903490067, 0.036968644708395004, 0.09715494513511658, 0.020216599106788635, 0.005270454101264477, -0.03251434862613678, 0.04388813301920891, -0.0071971844881772995, -0.0014372169971466064, 0.009549076668918133, -0.0679471343755722, 0.0026833261363208294, 0.06510657072067261, 0.025466762483119965, 0.04124188423156738, -0.035496991127729416, 0.09122397005558014, 0.03143996372818947, -0.05162925645709038, -0.08192379027605057, 0.01386177632957697, 0.003688863245770335, -0.06726233661174774, -0.007382832467556, 0.021885987371206284, 0.05618418753147125, 0.0630343034863472, -0.001196783035993576, -0.011649956926703453, 0.01872245781123638, -0.002362811705097556, -0.0575263686478138, -0.026213714852929115, 0.0829763188958168, -0.010118836537003517, -0.031068652868270874, 0.06874720752239227 ]
various industries were significantly more likely to face higher job demands than employees without management responsibility ( 15 ). Based on the well-documented role of supervisors' in workplaces and the challenge of coping with diverse work-related stressors, leader-targeted stress management interventions (SMI) have garnered increasing recognition ( 5 , 16 , 17 ). These interventions have been proposed as an effective measure to enhance and sustain workforce health ( 18 , 19 ), including the health of s
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.856
["management", "leadership", "crisis", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949847
[ -0.00444583036005497, 0.07426591962575912, -0.011145232245326042, 0.09181864559650421, 0.07643961161375046, 0.06870495527982712, -0.04433014616370201, -0.04871803894639015, -0.05626286193728447, -0.0824827030301094, -0.013741482980549335, 0.000333732197759673, 0.014348182827234268, -0.017035160213708878, 0.031363654881715775, -0.06004967913031578, -0.01884538121521473, 0.021351153030991554, -0.019166095182299614, -0.090174101293087, -0.06638051569461823, -0.02323714643716812, -0.04634830728173256, 0.03924045339226723, -0.08468437194824219, 0.023460770025849342, -0.0840129554271698, -0.012002437375485897, -0.027162132784724236, 0.03423893079161644, 0.029538678005337715, -0.0667349323630333, 0.0227939672768116, 0.013698022812604904, -0.024965986609458923, 0.00945601798593998, 0.029155747964978218, 0.04052044451236725, -0.00854298286139965, -0.0404864065349102, -0.026745766401290894, 0.028918897733092308, -0.052517395466566086, -0.04456845670938492, -0.0012164447689428926, -0.03614390268921852, 0.013742223381996155, 0.003016148926690221, -0.058494023978710175, -0.07701469957828522, -0.042330410331487656, -0.04081900045275688, 0.05616040155291557, 0.031655099242925644, 0.07954618334770203, -0.024803603067994118, 0.03552461415529251, -0.09021581709384918, 0.02867370843887329, 0.008132845163345337, -0.07907018065452576, -0.0656752660870552, 0.002920991973951459, 0.0041183363646268845, -0.037585120648145676, -0.0015814071521162987, -0.04611212760210037, 0.0076586902141571045, -0.030616704374551773, 0.01927204616367817, -0.019663754850625992, -0.11212572455406189, -0.0009913428220897913, -0.004086206201463938, 0.07336999475955963, 0.09806887805461884, -0.0731898695230484, -0.023384809494018555, 0.09548432379961014, 0.1307532787322998, 0.0429900623857975, -0.004062601365149021, 0.05877136066555977, 0.0844135582447052, -0.06309483200311661, -0.03782816231250763, 0.04006122797727585, -0.02317841351032257, 0.0027913947124034166, 0.08322329819202423, 0.007255920674651861, -0.036133646965026855, -0.058566391468048096, -0.014594445936381817, -0.08704550564289093, -0.056947626173496246, -0.07193464785814285, 0.08060956746339798, -0.13081559538841248, -0.037112776190042496, 0.040505703538656235, -0.056508395820856094, 0.02214735746383667, -0.008102236315608025, -0.048910222947597504, -0.018445534631609917, 0.024002833291888237, -0.09038454294204712, -0.032610297203063965, -0.024646783247590065, 0.0056120180524885654, 0.03650412708520889, -0.04187988489866257, -0.05986112728714943, 0.026330986991524696, -0.03866279497742653, -0.06644553691148758, 0.019475597888231277, -0.006569246295839548, 0.012608650140464306, 0.07210810482501984, -0.0010931274155154824, 0.07935640215873718, 0.015351038426160812, -0.03055865503847599, 0.08490689843893051, -0.033231668174266815, -6.8661102576109835e-34, 0.08278952538967133, 0.014700587838888168, 0.061578549444675446, 0.05786542221903801, 0.057583048939704895, -0.009285729378461838, 0.046748366206884384, 0.006677345838397741, 0.037609245628118515, -0.0321258008480072, -0.07783731073141098, -0.02070714347064495, 0.022262338548898697, -0.025656919926404953, -0.07184285670518875, -0.05711924657225609, 0.011731723323464394, 0.056234993040561676, -0.021764731034636497, 0.0023692187387496233, -0.016254941001534462, -0.0006584914517588913, -0.051765795797109604, 0.0015329633606597781, -0.028279896825551987, 0.04288768023252487, 0.0448567196726799, -0.04740040749311447, 0.006125964689999819, 0.026427868753671646, -0.036759257316589355, 0.0319068469107151, 0.0109089445322752, -0.03925391659140587, -0.04550672695040703, 0.019177140668034554, -0.10408727824687958, -0.053417980670928955, 0.005813976284116507, -0.0667700320482254, -0.028927085921168327, -0.0024240403436124325, 0.06854376941919327, 0.02809777669608593, 0.027402523905038834, -0.015219802968204021, 0.022162461653351784, -0.06802938133478165, -0.017622511833906174, 0.06491374969482422, -0.09234624356031418, 0.04108717665076256, 0.10295778512954712, -0.03664235398173332, -0.02538290247321129, -0.03979307413101196, 0.1093706488609314, -0.05294886231422424, -0.037470582872629166, -0.009123198688030243, -0.027693448588252068, -0.06570570915937424, -0.1345115751028061, 0.07200247049331665, 0.1197008490562439, 0.005975125357508659, -0.018191847950220108, -0.048305537551641464, -0.004565815906971693, 0.05163899064064026, 0.0318472683429718, 0.07265385240316391, 0.03127388283610344, -0.016257109120488167, -0.023082973435521126, 0.014392613433301449, 0.015271049924194813, -0.037287428975105286, -0.06368423998355865, 0.0095621133223176, 0.0009790852200239897, -0.012691840529441833, 0.0244426392018795, -0.03634428232908249, 0.06662533432245255, 0.016529705375432968, -0.0197282824665308, 0.01590895839035511, 0.05639999359846115, 0.044247739017009735, 0.04051270708441734, -0.03389529883861542, 0.0701441690325737, 0.1650751531124115, -0.07282304763793945, -1.236204225938443e-33, 0.03244001790881157, -0.04560078680515289, 0.024366594851017, -0.06108789145946503, 0.1494261920452118, 0.07950770109891891, 0.017151884734630585, -0.07172172516584396, 0.04312611743807793, -0.005587429739534855, 0.03798689693212509, -0.05859321728348732, 0.004146573133766651, 0.02419387362897396, 0.06078001856803894, 0.015826785936951637, -0.015890777111053467, -0.040461160242557526, -0.09118729829788208, -0.04049408808350563, 0.0037894153501838446, -0.008271564729511738, 0.07840389013290405, 0.09508325159549713, -0.046972304582595825, -0.015512085519731045, -0.021773934364318848, -0.009822615422308445, 0.05726918950676918, 0.008383506909012794, -0.0016321229049935937, 0.04269954562187195, 0.01581318862736225, 0.03383097052574158, 0.01144037488847971, -0.0254667978733778, -0.029539039358496666, 0.009981371462345123, -0.013964242301881313, 0.09728188067674637, 0.03507152199745178, 0.0859726220369339, 0.04530899599194527, 0.03909914568066597, 0.04789157584309578, 0.046695563942193985, 0.004095201380550861, -0.10405166447162628, -0.11221754550933838, 0.027356678619980812, -0.04154449701309204, -0.027541205286979675, -0.10412091761827469, 0.061055462807416916, 0.052990056574344635, -0.08019492030143738, -0.029382627457380295, -0.08338764309883118, -0.08909408748149872, 0.02075769565999508, 0.011921029537916183, -0.03404876962304115, 0.0019199374364688993, 0.011196180246770382, -0.0166157353669405, -0.006351045332849026, 0.05087660998106003, -0.04502542316913605, -0.0580134391784668, 0.014742310158908367, -0.04166842997074127, 0.0017623549792915583, 0.05477974936366081, 0.0006699779187329113, -0.05540131404995918, -0.021785717457532883, -0.09640634804964066, -0.010861681774258614, -0.05672979727387428, -0.014755901880562305, 0.02597379870712757, -0.039742302149534225, -0.007208255585283041, 0.001500235521234572, 0.04030388221144676, 0.09195046871900558, 0.06809613853693008, 0.07440761476755142, 0.02626563236117363, 0.028651781380176544, -0.05427389591932297, 0.005005838815122843, 0.0017269760137423873, 0.025567831471562386, 0.01594708301126957, -4.553906407522845e-8, -0.027324413880705833, -0.018962513655424118, -0.01590128056704998, -0.04286804050207138, -0.052069831639528275, -0.029626350849866867, -0.045429106801748276, -0.046941909939050674, 0.08543351292610168, 0.06816291064023972, 0.06660177558660507, -0.06964747607707977, -0.003878390183672309, 0.00131919514387846, 0.08910319954156876, -0.02800683118402958, 0.07193805277347565, 0.04895497113466263, 0.05429612100124359, -0.005673620849847794, 0.028392307460308075, 0.04628925397992134, 0.009202594868838787, 0.00521476985886693, 0.033759940415620804, 0.03965609148144722, -0.0711437314748764, 0.08885098248720169, 0.027823498472571373, 0.017388401553034782, 0.025900349020957947, 0.007859340868890285, 0.011095444671809673, -0.002524313982576132, -0.06794136762619019, 0.04574307054281235, 0.027880113571882248, -0.06696296483278275, 0.005748039111495018, -0.011628072708845139, 0.003904757322743535, 0.09297161549329758, -0.0008709759567864239, 0.04829961434006691, -0.014789307489991188, -0.0005379971698857844, -0.08108282834291458, 0.09568164497613907, -0.06774460524320602, -0.07619760185480118, -0.03412381932139397, 0.048856496810913086, 0.04168016463518143, 0.05509040877223015, 0.02674204856157303, 0.004185205325484276, 0.05662932246923447, -0.008021058514714241, -0.05056987702846527, -0.04432453215122223, 0.16467216610908508, -0.05891779437661171, -0.012341012246906757, 0.05955132842063904 ]
orce health ( 18 , 19 ), including the health of supervisors themselves ( 20 – 22 ). SMI are broadly defined as activities or programs that an organization initiates to diminish work-related stressors or assist in mitigating the negative outcomes resulting from exposure to such stressors ( 23 ). These interventions can be categorized into cognitive-behavioral, relaxation, multimodal, or organization-focused initiatives as well as alternative approaches ( 24 , 25 ).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.694
0.844
[]
469
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949864
[ -0.0017675238195806742, 0.04292841628193855, 0.010904796421527863, 0.0246542077511549, 0.07352760434150696, 0.05757248029112816, 0.05159024894237518, -0.017748581245541573, -0.04662837088108063, -0.007517829071730375, -0.015139270573854446, 0.006584652699530125, -0.013685318641364574, -0.022481512278318405, -0.005340720526874065, 0.020508920773863792, 0.02442028746008873, 0.016584061086177826, -0.09013938158750534, 0.06633763015270233, 0.016783332452178, 0.04599174112081528, -0.0280479546636343, 0.015539084561169147, -0.09879887104034424, 0.03620320186018944, -0.05982762575149536, -0.05065162479877472, 0.01268711220473051, 0.0607050321996212, 0.050623323768377304, 0.035942528396844864, 0.005540293175727129, 0.0173476692289114, 0.0001484203094150871, -0.010540610179305077, 0.036663804203271866, -0.012901092879474163, -0.07675261795520782, -0.06364958733320236, -0.042091161012649536, -0.04721999540925026, -0.05082275718450546, -0.043617233633995056, 0.033619437366724014, -0.07581427693367004, -0.062074434012174606, -0.06809666007757187, 0.004192829132080078, -0.04469671472907066, -0.10249846428632736, -0.06630679219961166, 0.05881333723664284, -0.01166781596839428, 0.052552349865436554, -0.014840208925306797, -0.005964269861578941, -0.09915751963853836, -0.06380344927310944, 0.017680993303656578, -0.0024564291816204786, -0.09470335394144058, 0.05834813788533211, 0.06471195071935654, 0.06246499717235565, 0.04725278541445732, -0.023984933272004128, 0.016880769282579422, -0.031135380268096924, -0.03139666095376015, -0.046886321157217026, -0.1597335934638977, -0.04200353845953941, 0.054451834410429, 0.11931592971086502, 0.08880554139614105, -0.05726460739970207, 0.006582549307495356, 0.1041649729013443, -0.060566358268260956, 0.00597731675952673, 0.0469324104487896, 0.049325715750455856, 0.062370914965867996, -0.03806525096297264, -0.08484417200088501, 0.0852963775396347, 0.009287365712225437, 0.08385875821113586, 0.09225504100322723, -0.03325250744819641, 0.002624982502311468, -0.05984988436102867, -0.059462714940309525, -0.012022599577903748, -0.04792739078402519, -0.09370242804288864, -0.02901623211801052, -0.018136683851480484, 0.03061862103641033, -0.021497361361980438, 0.03578485921025276, -0.013539932668209076, 0.00789952464401722, -0.04538514092564583, 0.01727035827934742, -0.01329774595797062, -0.11869819462299347, 0.020783301442861557, 0.03551958128809929, -0.05811787024140358, 0.014504102990031242, -0.004185334779322147, -0.09958496689796448, -0.019359784200787544, 0.028529983013868332, -0.04284602403640747, 0.05467952415347099, 0.0644085556268692, -0.0029774950817227364, 0.0628342479467392, -0.06591275334358215, -0.004201503004878759, 0.010926648043096066, -0.021744372323155403, 0.011467990465462208, -0.11158996820449829, -3.705247457894116e-33, 0.023912925273180008, -0.012100845575332642, 0.05968498811125755, 0.02135515585541725, 0.04536963254213333, -0.010388932190835476, -0.03441546857357025, -0.012321568094193935, 0.016537876799702644, -0.03898762911558151, 0.03322403132915497, 0.0469760037958622, 0.025364313274621964, 0.04683013632893562, 0.02437056601047516, -0.09968411922454834, -0.017065905034542084, 0.12285005301237106, -0.010526720434427261, 0.006909732241183519, -0.017114797607064247, -0.05376453325152397, -0.009587518870830536, 0.03409060090780258, 0.0582885779440403, 0.022482803091406822, 0.06316053122282028, -0.043779440224170685, 0.03124258667230606, -0.007579696364700794, 0.02950449101626873, 0.0024856801610440016, -0.03715028613805771, -0.13537894189357758, -0.032991696149110794, 0.02349667437374592, -0.011212803423404694, 0.027102671563625336, 0.00642000138759613, -0.04584110528230667, -0.07638061046600342, 0.018239643424749374, 0.060940153896808624, 0.03236881643533707, 0.017455007880926132, -0.006501421798020601, 0.007775509729981422, -0.05111539363861084, -0.0337824709713459, 0.0004657633835449815, -0.07796609401702881, -0.08590518683195114, 0.08124640583992004, -0.013852891512215137, -0.02425006590783596, -0.017019009217619896, 0.08844072371721268, -0.0444553978741169, -0.03348306193947792, -0.022436492145061493, 0.05606556311249733, 0.0025284343864768744, -0.09770908206701279, 0.013013508170843124, 0.04374722018837929, -0.01740395836532116, -0.01908108778297901, -0.02498946338891983, 0.09110189974308014, 0.00037534008151851594, -0.05364265292882919, 0.12483608722686768, -0.003214880358427763, -0.038177866488695145, -0.07276016473770142, -0.02033792808651924, -0.07020407915115356, -0.034440286457538605, -0.11798232048749924, 0.012262323871254921, 0.013487456366419792, -0.012548113241791725, -0.011775720864534378, -0.005967393983155489, 0.01010833214968443, 0.016355425119400024, -0.04009615257382393, 0.010521771386265755, -0.08662132173776627, 0.02782745100557804, 0.0033884504809975624, 0.034710593521595, 0.08998013287782669, 0.14286623895168304, -0.03029436431825161, 4.769473737900389e-34, 0.028872650116682053, -0.06312426179647446, -0.027101702988147736, -0.001306426478549838, 0.10948777198791504, 0.036295633763074875, 0.02154543250799179, -0.01165438536554575, -0.004667280707508326, -0.00029449042631313205, -0.003904318669810891, -0.050699058920145035, 0.02879573404788971, -0.014342540875077248, 0.05984422564506531, 0.016457857564091682, 0.015781717374920845, 0.0017642913153395057, -0.027764540165662766, 0.024053821340203285, -0.0031991542782634497, 0.08856440335512161, 0.11957939714193344, 0.04804132878780365, 0.022908441722393036, 0.034271176904439926, -0.014473802410066128, 0.01370023749768734, 0.0051323589868843555, 0.01660534180700779, 0.022071711719036102, 0.0645308643579483, 0.015482449904084206, 0.06746891885995865, 0.060270365327596664, -0.0524587519466877, 0.029392115771770477, -0.052693869918584824, -0.06772875040769577, 0.006988599430769682, 0.04743370786309242, 0.04816291481256485, -0.03798462823033333, 0.08203811943531036, -0.04869319871068001, 0.045010756701231, -0.07742181420326233, -0.030146045610308647, -0.10792072117328644, -0.03539426624774933, 0.024062933400273323, -0.050731368362903595, -0.030073778703808784, 0.0012682717060670257, 0.03360860422253609, -0.011760860681533813, -0.016107670962810516, -0.15102574229240417, -0.09712173044681549, -0.029426613822579384, 0.03011680208146572, -0.02501511760056019, -0.011555666103959084, 0.050161104649305344, -0.05810588598251343, 0.0640321895480156, 0.029375016689300537, 0.0050322818569839, -0.051209818571805954, -0.05840001627802849, -0.040952377021312714, -0.01810985989868641, -0.0373278446495533, -0.036193352192640305, 0.002173517132177949, 0.008552715182304382, -0.0027183224447071552, -0.03832285478711128, -0.05428384989500046, 0.02527453750371933, -0.09435222297906876, -0.09094025939702988, -0.036587636917829514, -0.014553128741681576, -0.044247280806303024, 0.040870096534490585, -0.0019899699836969376, 0.08874884992837906, 0.002719157375395298, 0.05030936002731323, -0.08106338977813721, 0.020434685051441193, -0.03935582935810089, 0.035579364746809006, -0.06312829256057739, -4.759599647741197e-8, 0.027985313907265663, -0.11860805004835129, 0.04035297781229019, -0.009455633349716663, -0.045764122158288956, -0.11659391224384308, -0.0007706605247221887, -0.016510697081685066, 0.01978195644915104, 0.0346568338572979, 0.03691334277391434, -0.021262040361762047, 0.027575748041272163, -0.006059284321963787, 0.13331742584705353, -0.04898553341627121, 0.036086373031139374, 0.08657398819923401, 0.009057747200131416, 0.019704030826687813, 0.099295474588871, -0.015297302976250648, 0.006930465344339609, 0.033295370638370514, -0.02284957282245159, 0.016081560403108597, 0.022628704085946083, 0.04219115152955055, 0.0435030572116375, 0.041117794811725616, 0.019510671496391296, 0.02832477167248726, 0.026232318952679634, 0.014125299639999866, -0.08592509478330612, 0.03234115615487099, 0.0548827238380909, -0.08189185708761215, 0.05239361897110939, 0.016519755125045776, -0.0251352209597826, -0.0009368645842187107, 0.06385192275047302, 0.019258001819252968, 0.007618829607963562, -0.023680947721004486, -0.003617561887949705, 0.06792538613080978, 0.01270829327404499, -0.11677981913089752, -0.04955809935927391, 0.06843296438455582, 0.019443094730377197, 0.06454195827245712, -0.02953101508319378, 0.03614763543009758, 0.07619503140449524, 0.009516994468867779, -0.020131079480051994, 0.01615237444639206, 0.11123672872781754, -0.05046318843960762, -0.013249007984995842, 0.050426434725522995 ]
es as well as alternative approaches ( 24 , 25 ). The Transactional Stress Model ( 26 ) provides a valuable framework for understanding how leader-targeted SMI operate as it conceptualizes stress as a dynamic process arising from the interaction between an individual and their environment. According to this model, the way supervisors perceive and evaluate stressors, as well as their ability to apply effective coping mechanisms, determines their emotional and behavioral responses to stress.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.699
0.85
["leadership"]
494
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949888
[ 0.044751688838005066, 0.015379793010652065, 0.00015726950368843973, 0.03889463096857071, 0.04915399104356766, 0.011929979547858238, 0.03596740961074829, -0.005224490072578192, 0.03782070055603981, -0.06396453082561493, -0.011754970997571945, -0.0059154098853468895, 0.01803641952574253, -0.0018294918118044734, 0.02482760138809681, -0.07022621482610703, -0.02642769180238247, 0.004273491445928812, -0.09823627769947052, -0.013401529751718044, -0.04323824122548103, -0.061711639165878296, -0.08396009355783463, -0.007945874705910683, -0.10050599277019501, -0.012614346109330654, -0.04277341812849045, -0.025388438254594803, 0.002895929152145982, -0.020528268069028854, 0.023351605981588364, 0.005297488998621702, 0.03147940710186958, 0.04724344611167908, -0.047484125941991806, -0.025618521496653557, 0.015126850455999374, 0.0029991844203323126, -0.010922483168542385, -0.04783135652542114, -0.032952141016721725, -0.017526760697364807, 0.027157370001077652, -0.023063335567712784, -0.001929580233991146, -0.12441778182983398, -0.021416811272501945, 0.020286329090595245, -0.06078815087676048, -0.07130976766347885, -0.09529084712266922, -0.05660206079483032, 0.033895790576934814, 0.029438775032758713, 0.07833784818649292, 0.007065510377287865, 0.11154307425022125, -0.08448304980993271, 0.017688238993287086, 0.038859713822603226, -0.04601221904158592, -0.023960566148161888, -0.027799049392342567, 0.017687898129224777, 0.03663639351725578, -0.00219396292231977, -0.03887782618403435, 0.012653820216655731, -0.05017203465104103, 0.021813545376062393, -0.04100463166832924, -0.12072163820266724, -0.03738616406917572, -0.0277385413646698, 0.03814719617366791, 0.06027968227863312, -0.03160083293914795, 0.035570185631513596, 0.08447613567113876, 0.09441574662923813, 0.02053128369152546, 0.013638054952025414, -0.004047732334583998, -0.011328045278787613, -0.062256667762994766, -0.06075393408536911, 0.046634238213300705, -0.011610682122409344, 0.03040405549108982, 0.07430807501077652, 0.05254726856946945, 0.017035048454999924, -0.021240511909127235, -0.08202909678220749, -0.03965192288160324, 0.02311553806066513, -0.11193481832742691, 0.0574951134622097, -0.07281330972909927, -0.013503900729119778, 0.03666684031486511, 0.06381378322839737, 0.03866320103406906, 0.04068000614643097, -0.061217907816171646, -0.055988162755966187, 0.017593232914805412, -0.0800524428486824, -0.048677604645490646, -0.013034982606768608, -0.09079849720001221, 0.0037380934227257967, 0.0036552278324961662, -0.06338188797235489, 0.049193624407052994, 0.007470493204891682, -0.11529652774333954, 0.0538221038877964, 0.05086028203368187, -0.0029417560435831547, 0.07468978315591812, 0.02751690149307251, 0.04719614237546921, -0.006273756735026836, -0.012328983284533024, 0.03655635192990303, -0.08590555191040039, -1.4933766759594353e-33, 0.03385373577475548, 0.01956089958548546, -0.017554689198732376, 0.06203866004943848, 0.01933494582772255, 0.005789096001535654, -0.005672653205692768, -0.013231820426881313, -0.030686674639582634, -0.014017128385603428, -0.051107849925756454, 0.028417743742465973, 0.002245075535029173, 0.06527947634458542, -0.03443077951669693, -0.028266770765185356, -0.05192641168832779, 0.05558224394917488, -0.017000168561935425, 0.0018676721956580877, -0.0025213698390871286, 0.007380102761089802, -0.005991338286548853, 0.030856119468808174, -0.02263573370873928, -0.02962476760149002, 0.045945849269628525, -0.01463942602276802, -0.03143272548913956, 0.02574794739484787, -0.06304257363080978, 0.025710375979542732, 0.008035301230847836, 0.01323776226490736, -0.04650042578577995, 0.08406614512205124, -0.05912763625383377, -0.02701861597597599, 0.07053413987159729, -0.04659569263458252, -0.07598316669464111, -0.0175983477383852, -0.028655875474214554, 0.08316513150930405, -0.06396862119436264, 0.04370453953742981, 0.014277257956564426, -0.092662014067173, -0.00896427035331726, 0.03619038686156273, -0.0815168172121048, 0.0035653391387313604, 0.11133911460638046, -0.02152690477669239, -0.04280633479356766, 0.016350317746400833, 0.122882179915905, -0.07840447872877121, -0.054134439677000046, -0.045255716890096664, 0.015871088951826096, -0.05935279652476311, -0.1252753734588623, 0.0382869653403759, 0.06580232083797455, -0.019077541306614876, -0.03695300966501236, -0.02946169674396515, 0.0409417450428009, 0.03745518997311592, -0.07290520519018173, 0.1108299046754837, 0.05743330717086792, -0.04104891046881676, -0.03662553429603577, -0.060668911784887314, -0.03375658765435219, 0.017130814492702484, -0.03668288141489029, -0.031207341700792313, -0.03573249652981758, -0.0424349419772625, -0.023397808894515038, 0.005523431580513716, 0.00828638207167387, 0.060324348509311676, -0.05813774839043617, 0.008634504862129688, 0.02724420838057995, 0.11676077544689178, 0.0139612453058362, -0.06346955895423889, 0.09287357330322266, 0.17675283551216125, -0.004397862125188112, -1.4163715104050058e-33, 0.000128319559735246, -0.0810929387807846, -0.0143674835562706, 0.0019390120869502425, 0.11550425738096237, 0.02151397056877613, -0.024935701861977577, -0.007628495339304209, 0.007238106802105904, -0.014331229031085968, 0.0055901603773236275, 0.007113514468073845, 0.00831990409642458, 0.07225710898637772, 0.10387665033340454, -0.08443808555603027, 0.00046986702363938093, -0.03400997817516327, 0.028256792575120926, -0.08332907408475876, 0.021540481597185135, 0.021189378574490547, 0.05847785621881485, 0.06897275894880295, -0.06220478191971779, -0.03949400782585144, -0.002587229013442993, -0.07397931069135666, 0.02422373928129673, 0.01235326286405325, -0.010325883515179157, -0.004676636308431625, 0.04755851998925209, 0.09576763212680817, 0.023827722296118736, -0.0017044575652107596, -0.03836614266037941, -0.04471413418650627, -0.014331911690533161, 0.09076497703790665, -0.01532035693526268, 0.09259871393442154, 0.03160463273525238, 0.044118426740169525, 0.0486207939684391, 0.034271836280822754, 0.030572989955544472, -0.09890482574701309, -0.07068020105361938, -0.02214086800813675, -0.007668202742934227, 0.009608441032469273, -0.049015119671821594, -0.03770977631211281, 0.009688510559499264, -0.00817508902400732, 0.0480080246925354, -0.08765014261007309, -0.04165077954530716, 0.02661813236773014, -0.007244369480758905, -0.016096433624625206, 0.055941347032785416, 0.018468787893652916, -0.06041882559657097, -0.02523740381002426, 0.017409970983862877, -0.05314473435282707, -0.09817399829626083, 0.07958412170410156, -0.015428963117301464, -0.02003764547407627, -0.0044821519404649734, 0.06406757980585098, 0.023874355480074883, -0.06373194605112076, -0.14879994094371796, -0.01849576272070408, -0.03575952351093292, -0.03322234004735947, -0.040060047060251236, -0.008049805648624897, 0.012324361130595207, 0.015656322240829468, -0.019544560462236404, 0.053845856338739395, 0.05508435145020485, 0.11590264737606049, 0.004528133664280176, -0.01267035398632288, -0.04381968453526497, -0.005772480741143227, -0.026450244709849358, -0.01180248148739338, -0.042272355407476425, -4.583777268862832e-8, -0.04231921583414078, -0.029108813032507896, 0.011635384522378445, 0.022606268525123596, -0.003979527857154608, 0.036790914833545685, 0.08092023432254791, -0.07659739255905151, 0.04552597925066948, 0.07776006311178207, 0.038756005465984344, -0.032496001571416855, -0.026275185868144035, 0.01939232088625431, 0.06675231456756592, 0.012077786959707737, 0.0780644416809082, 0.021798714995384216, 0.044350430369377136, 0.0031558931805193424, 0.09264738857746124, 0.03588052839040756, 0.014454597607254982, 0.03369938209652901, -0.022749317809939384, 0.046711549162864685, -0.019532283768057823, 0.1873665750026703, -0.031138362362980843, 0.04379450902342796, 0.03840690106153488, 0.0019099190831184387, -0.013277333229780197, 0.0024215865414589643, -0.07919802516698837, 0.06306559592485428, 0.04005813226103783, -0.10803645104169846, 0.03538869321346283, 0.06497369706630707, -0.02557690627872944, 0.05767768621444702, -0.003421155037358403, 0.03365631401538849, -0.0017141940770670772, 0.04881669953465462, -0.10594687610864639, 0.051608484238386154, -0.05769549682736397, -0.0113242631778121, 0.002280300483107567, -0.013507496565580368, -0.039636582136154175, 0.11467789113521576, 0.025877555832266808, -0.026605665683746338, 0.05585931986570358, 0.03318796306848526, 0.036798615008592606, -0.020501557737588882, 0.11750327795743942, 0.0026009418070316315, -0.04703899472951889, 0.002390615176409483 ]
eir emotional and behavioral responses to stress. SMI targeted at supervisors align with this framework by equipping them with tools and strategies needed to appraise and manage work-related stressors more effectively, thereby enhancing their own well-being and enabling them to foster healthier workplace environments for their followers. Along with the increasing application of leader-targeted SMI, investigations into their effectiveness have emerged.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.691
0.822
["leadership", "resume"]
455
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949912
[ -0.005025955382734537, 0.0760955810546875, 0.0026984543073922396, 0.060739386826753616, 0.09263718128204346, -0.0057080029509961605, 0.013861107639968395, -0.024836216121912003, -0.06087983772158623, -0.06389337033033371, -0.013840099796652794, -0.0226424727588892, 0.007227183319628239, -0.011552022770047188, 0.07188974320888519, 0.023274995386600494, -0.0007928462000563741, 0.020030295476317406, -0.06303618103265762, -0.05371679365634918, -0.050974465906620026, -0.03437752649188042, -0.05992141738533974, 0.004919296596199274, -0.12003633379936218, 0.012719526886940002, -0.04952602460980415, -0.024364963173866272, -0.0021032693330198526, -0.006382015533745289, 0.038226205855607986, -0.05537818372249603, 0.05013862997293472, 0.019662674516439438, -0.003236871911212802, 0.022706355899572372, 0.028427693992853165, 0.04685475304722786, -0.05389431491494179, -0.09525038301944733, -0.022403275594115257, -0.0067194304428994656, -0.01758534274995327, -0.058237574994564056, -0.009868702851235867, -0.10973604768514633, -0.023979229852557182, 0.0034908452071249485, -0.049860890954732895, -0.061950016766786575, -0.06951121985912323, -0.050218988209962845, 0.06253796070814133, 0.013557453639805317, 0.06232789158821106, -0.03449052572250366, 0.06543076783418655, -0.1160634458065033, 0.07889765501022339, 0.018188485875725746, -0.029449395835399628, -0.027018863707780838, -0.0020666946657001972, 0.021636564284563065, 0.006603667978197336, 0.00472422456368804, -0.01754247024655342, -0.012744656763970852, -0.06695986539125443, 0.003060990246012807, -0.016046052798628807, -0.13793212175369263, 0.0027079610154032707, 0.02323205955326557, 0.06711132079362869, 0.09686172008514404, -0.06956184655427933, 0.0002970741770695895, 0.07201128453016281, 0.11015906184911728, 0.004590690601617098, -0.03632140904664993, 0.007558721117675304, 0.03543876111507416, -0.011039585806429386, -0.05460987240076065, 0.03932734206318855, -0.04374917596578598, 0.006303354166448116, 0.12715590000152588, 0.07928287237882614, -0.028156017884612083, -0.014600381255149841, -0.009213818237185478, 0.026651039719581604, -0.05376074090600014, -0.11059530079364777, 0.02844926342368126, -0.07302355021238327, 0.004310309421271086, -0.005921962205320597, 0.026899168267846107, -0.04390517994761467, 0.046324700117111206, -0.08457768708467484, -0.07203950732946396, 0.01161846425384283, -0.066363126039505, -0.007890070788562298, -0.018171168863773346, -0.13353760540485382, -0.0339200459420681, -0.018912523984909058, -0.07964294403791428, 0.09296923130750656, -0.025120900943875313, -0.09244146198034286, 0.08154024928808212, 0.043110184371471405, -0.03791153430938721, 0.10578819364309311, -0.016614682972431183, 0.033252742141485214, -0.0013466122327372432, 0.06391989439725876, 0.025327730923891068, -0.08578707277774811, 1.711983360381856e-33, 0.06947153061628342, 0.07459818571805954, 0.024623854085803032, 0.0715770348906517, 0.004220761824399233, 0.022504115477204323, -0.02522653341293335, 0.016550691798329353, 0.021314408630132675, -0.05580193176865578, -0.03148042783141136, 0.08077409118413925, 0.054905932396650314, 0.06108303368091583, -0.062220498919487, -0.08594075590372086, -0.03342108801007271, 0.08063119649887085, -0.025543078780174255, 0.003733632620424032, -0.02551043964922428, -0.02103898860514164, -0.009325901977717876, 0.018102344125509262, -0.04229297488927841, -0.009557629935443401, 0.056147586554288864, -0.023335669189691544, -0.019503001123666763, 0.03551936894655228, -0.05834781751036644, -0.04872402176260948, 0.004045582376420498, -0.013969668187201023, -0.03891540318727493, 0.05555863678455353, -0.025009887292981148, -0.03339637443423271, 0.0399148054420948, -0.050969015806913376, -0.010811424814164639, 0.01306371483951807, 0.06316176056861877, 0.05887244641780853, -0.04126309975981712, 0.04700121283531189, -0.00824451819062233, -0.08016468584537506, 0.021229170262813568, 0.045613843947649, -0.06837035715579987, -0.0026955553330481052, 0.0946153998374939, -0.0184615608304739, -0.002873914083465934, -0.03939389809966087, 0.09039225429296494, -0.022448813542723656, 0.007662381511181593, -0.0818643867969513, -0.014818873256444931, -0.014278382062911987, -0.12350571155548096, 0.02633075788617134, 0.06733731180429459, -0.04738716036081314, 0.004369085188955069, -0.0554744116961956, 0.04082163795828819, 0.03048088774085045, -0.02309340424835682, 0.10268417745828629, 0.05094771459698677, -0.04451718181371689, -0.03265393525362015, -0.06431474536657333, -0.03758252412080765, 0.04724579676985741, -0.017409153282642365, 0.004685759078711271, -0.012406866997480392, -0.004792380146682262, -0.07084217667579651, -0.00018202443607151508, 0.023697657510638237, -0.02000487595796585, -0.0629020631313324, 0.01060211006551981, -0.003823270555585623, 0.09686503559350967, 0.0581694096326828, -0.02105731889605522, 0.08060180395841599, 0.17918828129768372, -0.05766598507761955, -3.0632104432322293e-33, 0.05870818719267845, -0.06903128325939178, 0.002752735512331128, 0.008914870209991932, 0.14040695130825043, 0.06985131651163101, -0.0021788952872157097, -0.02045363560318947, 0.03658483549952507, 0.01217023003846407, 0.040643736720085144, -0.03432377055287361, 0.01890018954873085, 0.024879993870854378, 0.0935930609703064, -0.017852412536740303, 0.038057852536439896, -0.06195887550711632, -0.02951103262603283, -0.0824417918920517, -0.01518026739358902, 0.0029938628431409597, 0.10180696845054626, 0.024632154032588005, -0.0016529267886653543, 0.004477140959352255, 0.015410945750772953, -0.058299168944358826, 0.007407670840620995, -0.026998862624168396, -0.030380070209503174, 0.027275260537862778, -0.033950649201869965, 0.07918841391801834, 0.034095119684934616, 0.021761087700724602, -0.018808584660291672, -0.07341916114091873, -0.024783184751868248, 0.05082332342863083, 0.05195342376828194, 0.10134294629096985, 0.016230225563049316, 0.026818804442882538, 0.02774217538535595, 0.0702967494726181, 0.025228450074791908, -0.024982823058962822, -0.11048756539821625, -0.006937589030712843, -0.00019616815552581102, 0.0038801240734755993, -0.09665003418922424, -0.0022577682975679636, 0.04939388111233711, -0.043024543672800064, 0.005596323870122433, -0.049526557326316833, -0.10263759642839432, 0.0335567444562912, -0.004788129590451717, 0.0012402029242366552, 0.04358741641044617, 0.029695672914385796, -0.07544151693582535, 0.006433469709008932, 0.05997214838862419, -0.02202768251299858, -0.08232929557561874, 0.009813166223466396, 0.011750834062695503, -0.024218497797846794, 0.0366041474044323, 0.022454608231782913, -0.02992091327905655, -0.02897697314620018, -0.09635002911090851, -0.04469316825270653, -0.0808420330286026, -0.05545943230390549, -0.04834309220314026, -0.03146187216043472, -0.03343397378921509, 0.010278329253196716, 0.004277360625565052, 0.07670729607343674, 0.03176568076014519, 0.08839808404445648, 0.038641951978206635, -0.002383737126365304, -0.056931279599666595, -0.004672873765230179, 0.01119473297148943, 0.04435701295733452, -0.015032907947897911, -3.924899871776688e-8, -0.0313180647790432, -0.07517842948436737, 0.02067631669342518, -0.003997713327407837, -0.05936544016003609, -0.03412321209907532, 0.0413290373980999, -0.02836505137383938, -0.016710840165615082, 0.04038533940911293, 0.07764384895563126, -0.034229375422000885, -0.008144752122461796, 0.02099761739373207, 0.10995874553918839, -0.051771994680166245, 0.04854291304945946, 0.021488701924681664, 0.05456926301121712, -0.02608405612409115, 0.05611550807952881, 0.04010317847132683, 0.02359502948820591, 0.007800680119544268, -0.027337118983268738, 0.05815137177705765, -0.04148182272911072, 0.04007866233587265, 0.011841974221169949, 0.013394243083894253, 0.031204411759972572, 0.02099008485674858, 0.003184510627761483, -0.03522467985749245, -0.04277697205543518, 0.0073976595886051655, -0.00008604279719293118, -0.10366886854171753, 0.040999315679073334, 0.06680858880281448, -0.018779490143060684, 0.09021704643964767, -0.02636723965406418, 0.03148931637406349, -0.004656670149415731, 0.020022006705403328, -0.05664030462503433, 0.04738408699631691, -0.09736936539411545, -0.08517376333475113, -0.032158903777599335, 0.010615942999720573, 0.007935252971947193, 0.08703666180372238, 0.006495478563010693, -0.038549430668354034, 0.04260054603219032, -0.01547358650714159, 0.024083692580461502, -0.028256617486476898, 0.1254427433013916, 0.008016298525035381, -0.04683977738022804, 0.07860049605369568 ]
fic occupational settings like healthcare ( 31 ). Some reviews solely examined intervention effects at the follower level ( 32 ), while others have included all employees, regardless of their supervisory position ( 24 ). Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the effectiveness of SMI targeted at supervisors can be influenced by aspects such as intervention type, training setting, delivery method, or target group.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.323
0.826
[]
417
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949930
[ -0.015366925857961178, -0.023922912776470184, 0.015584793873131275, 0.017809627577662468, 0.0015776311047375202, 0.04322205111384392, -0.045640729367733, 0.023759985342621803, -0.08493821322917938, -0.027147870510816574, 0.03679238259792328, 0.07301165163516998, -0.03637980297207832, 0.03086255118250847, 0.0141557352617383, -0.006778099108487368, 0.13088871538639069, 0.01356967817991972, -0.026426158845424652, -0.006194411311298609, -0.03598780184984207, 0.0002030228788498789, 0.03884954750537872, 0.001633922685869038, -0.13446283340454102, -0.08340306580066681, -0.08567613363265991, -0.028371846303343773, -0.005538218654692173, -0.003613846143707633, -0.0664844959974289, 0.029727092012763023, 0.027776023373007774, 0.014900771901011467, -0.019788144156336784, -0.028055377304553986, 0.03930075466632843, 0.054833631962537766, -0.00033094672835431993, -0.03438180312514305, -0.026425503194332123, -0.05768216773867607, 0.0007761707529425621, -0.04646630585193634, 0.020232386887073517, -0.1026163101196289, 0.0023456804919987917, -0.027686219662427902, -0.10585596412420273, 0.028479058295488358, -0.06513135880231857, -0.05459229275584221, 0.034300919622182846, 0.07401632517576218, 0.01763506606221199, -0.013602836057543755, 0.043694380670785904, -0.03200354427099228, 0.05006706714630127, 0.028023483231663704, -0.03714370355010033, -0.07488664984703064, -0.028972400352358818, 0.005263403058052063, 0.06566465646028519, -0.003098021727055311, -0.05488415062427521, -0.08223538100719452, 0.008483637124300003, -0.02074475772678852, 0.007814019918441772, -0.08654776960611343, 0.002483079442754388, 0.02052782103419304, 0.09976407140493393, 0.03117280639708042, -0.0478842556476593, -0.004716464783996344, 0.05758051201701164, -0.03252256289124489, 0.002386587904766202, -0.005743803456425667, 0.003074857871979475, 0.06640470772981644, -0.04270116984844208, -0.054756030440330505, 0.03782150521874428, -0.030799569562077522, 0.007440025452524424, 0.10993780940771103, 0.07812729477882385, 0.04247003421187401, -0.10805270820856094, -0.10271807760000229, 0.0052948035299777985, -0.061015281826257706, -0.06550253927707672, 0.020027263090014458, -0.05248958244919777, -0.012430748902261257, 0.049737170338630676, -0.0069158002734184265, -0.029807286337018013, -0.0269547738134861, -0.05561453104019165, -0.03442929685115814, 0.010783583857119083, -0.0704653337597847, -0.04002077132463455, 0.026473762467503548, -0.011157894507050514, 0.07418622821569443, -0.04482339322566986, -0.07346483319997787, 0.0008252521511167288, 0.034780144691467285, -0.027116697281599045, 0.011734294705092907, -0.018882250413298607, 0.026833977550268173, 0.03931325674057007, -0.06429092586040497, 0.053401339799165726, 0.045869410037994385, -0.008376884274184704, -0.018777044489979744, -0.11712701618671417, -8.35142634840164e-34, 0.021314486861228943, -0.041113611310720444, 0.045079831033945084, 0.022659458220005035, 0.044096432626247406, -0.041640784591436386, -0.0029097881633788347, -0.030668001621961594, 0.04610273987054825, -0.05972687527537346, -0.041175223886966705, 0.08537193387746811, 0.0752728059887886, 0.016353914514183998, -0.01809651404619217, -0.06908698379993439, 0.01668652705848217, 0.08922664821147919, -0.08862536400556564, 0.08607611805200577, 0.04282650724053383, -0.0704130232334137, -0.09295167773962021, 0.0204307921230793, 0.051379960030317307, -0.01136663369834423, -0.017618469893932343, 0.10213873535394669, 0.06079670414328575, 0.06324557214975357, -0.03228845074772835, 0.033694420009851456, 0.006978865712881088, -0.11443702131509781, 0.019031723961234093, 0.0271941889077425, -0.055491477251052856, -0.016031896695494652, -0.001994132064282894, -0.06691120564937592, -0.04992485046386719, 0.015125094912946224, 0.10414367914199829, -0.009087910875678062, -0.005336804315447807, 0.003091163467615843, -0.0442928671836853, -0.057198524475097656, -0.07538937777280807, 0.07216985523700714, -0.056982915848493576, -0.03664398938417435, 0.07061245292425156, 0.0201155636459589, 0.08303448557853699, -0.015119383111596107, 0.06867033243179321, -0.006046202499419451, -0.04065338894724846, 0.017416270449757576, 0.08482027053833008, 0.005326419603079557, -0.04320019483566284, 0.030979331582784653, 0.024190345779061317, -0.0510411262512207, -0.009955083951354027, -0.03272638097405434, 0.03691660985350609, 0.04049404710531235, -0.040463849902153015, 0.09946082532405853, -0.03875715658068657, 0.028605148196220398, -0.02228928729891777, -0.07370735704898834, -0.05186166986823082, 0.0038525282870978117, -0.005354712717235088, -0.022740071639418602, 0.045462120324373245, 0.03513556346297264, -0.048310067504644394, -0.014931797049939632, 0.010830895975232124, -0.008476315066218376, -0.05807473510503769, 0.004025764763355255, -0.05516139417886734, -0.01681792177259922, 0.07014443725347519, -0.0030412182677537203, 0.06691207736730576, 0.20933414995670319, -0.03632691130042076, -2.4425452015652383e-33, 0.015488832257688046, -0.005457290913909674, 0.03877651318907738, -0.06479101628065109, 0.013686155900359154, 0.017350126057863235, 0.04066142812371254, -0.054474614560604095, 0.09052443504333496, 0.027318624779582024, 0.0016163899563252926, 0.013036765158176422, -0.05283370986580849, -0.010698261670768261, -0.017355848103761673, 0.003125483402982354, -0.033141788095235825, -0.03748161718249321, 0.028240244835615158, -0.02763858065009117, 0.030120210722088814, -0.05690553039312363, 0.176704540848732, 0.06970686465501785, 0.008649147115647793, 0.00841769203543663, -0.054870136082172394, 0.07496142387390137, -0.042616937309503555, -0.05619761720299721, -0.0432828925549984, -0.021172156557440758, 0.046016719192266464, 0.08035970479249954, -0.00048384745605289936, -0.048432834446430206, -0.04087227210402489, -0.0038054739125072956, 0.034820374101400375, 0.05773526057600975, 0.062114425003528595, 0.03407676890492439, -0.02393234148621559, 0.02847171388566494, -0.010407824069261551, -0.044503651559352875, 0.07523567974567413, -0.07901594787836075, -0.06725431233644485, -0.03395022079348564, -0.014478784054517746, 0.019564028829336166, 0.02039959654211998, 0.042732104659080505, -0.024361733347177505, 0.04185586795210838, 0.09277784824371338, -0.11667245626449585, -0.10172171145677567, 0.00017919087258633226, 0.012559143826365471, 0.04249072074890137, 0.055141154676675797, 0.01427686307579279, 0.016445022076368332, -0.018402734771370888, 0.04014213755726814, 0.09323015064001083, -0.04048656299710274, 0.006799642462283373, -0.034993793815374374, -0.07025598734617233, -0.0429399199783802, -0.0019717460963875055, -0.006744074635207653, -0.09303701668977737, -0.0021644432563334703, -0.025031760334968567, -0.12521715462207794, 0.05888447165489197, -0.08630634844303131, -0.06325723230838776, -0.054517362266778946, 0.0006482945173047483, 0.01326565258204937, 0.06370703130960464, 0.04239596426486969, -0.03172992542386055, 0.01531012449413538, 0.016662312671542168, -0.058875102549791336, 0.011656533926725388, 0.0382641963660717, -0.0025679790414869785, -0.09949527680873871, -4.3291681350865474e-8, -0.06392757594585419, -0.023139573633670807, 0.01761082373559475, 0.07579801976680756, -0.017705462872982025, -0.04892868921160698, -0.07177618891000748, -0.0020307181403040886, -0.024112263694405556, 0.05569380894303322, -0.014265311881899834, 0.040423016995191574, 0.019176598638296127, -0.03303534910082817, 0.1546572893857956, -0.0020613628439605236, 0.04841860011219978, 0.014339931309223175, -0.021782953292131424, -0.019633693620562553, 0.09212559461593628, 0.015564202331006527, -0.023338567465543747, 0.03977075591683388, -0.07038024812936783, 0.05531005188822746, -0.04796650633215904, 0.07793236523866653, -0.06116810813546181, 0.06644783169031143, 0.027382345870137215, 0.023701952770352364, -0.011754406616091728, -0.026202885434031487, -0.07900422066450119, 0.013819608837366104, 0.03154698759317398, -0.11642789095640182, 0.006361999083310366, 0.08387516438961029, 0.04268727824091911, 0.013142743147909641, 0.03621638938784599, 0.04828111454844475, 0.03539442643523216, -0.0028895570430904627, -0.028803912922739983, -0.009582511149346828, -0.02767392434179783, -0.03540435805916786, 0.03217911347746849, 0.08012712001800537, -0.03132392093539238, 0.041473522782325745, 0.030133549124002457, 0.0002701517951209098, 0.06965462118387222, -0.03365350887179375, -0.033789318054914474, 0.031900305300951004, 0.047325026243925095, 0.017788929864764214, 0.025705404579639435, 0.03376571089029312 ]
aining setting, delivery method, or target group. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify and summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of leader-targeted SMI on supervisors' psychological stress (eg, job stress), mindfulness, mental health (eg, burnout, anxiety, depression), work-related outcomes (eg, absenteeism, productivity), and leadership-related outcomes (eg, leadership style, performance).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.689
0.81
["leadership", "career"]
447
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949954
[ 0.049321260303258896, 0.0704452395439148, -0.004268614109605551, 0.08095180988311768, 0.06709931790828705, 0.06206006929278374, -0.01679687760770321, -0.020364170894026756, -0.047521114349365234, -0.07655881345272064, 0.008016366511583328, 0.030668077990412712, -0.012342930771410465, -0.016769548878073692, 0.04767772555351257, -0.028679262846708298, -0.014657437801361084, 0.05318975821137428, -0.05741830915212631, -0.07494651526212692, -0.03293523192405701, -0.01580323837697506, -0.06767760217189789, 0.012766669504344463, -0.09620635956525803, -0.02095092087984085, -0.09461867064237595, -0.03942052274942398, 0.0100546944886446, 0.047321297228336334, -0.02519080601632595, -0.0015161780174821615, -0.018280114978551865, 0.012269674800336361, 0.02169402502477169, 0.02599191479384899, 0.02077246643602848, 0.07022792845964432, 0.004263423848897219, -0.039456114172935486, 0.01054284255951643, 0.03227657079696655, 0.020193565636873245, -0.05833662673830986, -0.0011659610318019986, -0.08743470162153244, -0.0233119148761034, -0.020882485434412956, -0.09013304114341736, -0.08218405395746231, -0.07088327407836914, -0.043626636266708374, 0.04440956935286522, 0.043387509882450104, 0.06899687647819519, -0.024944230914115906, 0.07760705053806305, -0.08238043636083603, 0.04251812398433685, 0.015964223071932793, -0.043464552611112595, -0.04241804778575897, -0.05358724668622017, 0.0009511499665677547, 0.042469680309295654, -0.015076033771038055, -0.04564018175005913, -0.033548884093761444, -0.02892082929611206, -0.017021911218762398, -0.00023680253070779145, -0.11851265281438828, -0.014559179544448853, 0.03347654268145561, 0.08460282534360886, 0.12167500704526901, -0.05115748196840286, -0.0007628879393450916, 0.05381118506193161, 0.0874396413564682, 0.02755236066877842, 0.020716069266200066, 0.0021314024925231934, 0.051642194390296936, -0.016659872606396675, -0.07305330038070679, 0.10451219975948334, 0.012585756368935108, -0.024416470900177956, 0.10832151770591736, 0.06773260235786438, 0.02844850718975067, -0.08864707499742508, -0.008787820115685463, -0.05664790794253349, -0.031174125149846077, -0.1264631450176239, 0.024487286806106567, -0.08112151175737381, -0.014571002684533596, 0.05690888315439224, -0.010088971816003323, -0.021171417087316513, -0.02546253427863121, -0.048980265855789185, -0.02261411026120186, 0.03317216411232948, -0.0857398509979248, -0.03901994600892067, -0.009453067556023598, -0.055993933230638504, 0.008111020550131798, -0.01809709705412388, -0.10298766940832138, 0.03935680165886879, -0.03030204214155674, -0.09706702828407288, 0.07842789590358734, 0.014157439582049847, -0.05014222115278244, 0.09090868383646011, -0.015630582347512245, 0.10153462737798691, 0.02385053038597107, 0.01784924976527691, 0.01202086266130209, -0.0802188292145729, -2.5955379953766668e-33, 0.03226849436759949, -0.01995321363210678, 0.01759316213428974, 0.03635014221072197, 0.10080082714557648, -0.034334614872932434, -0.00092168158153072, -0.018536988645792007, 0.02022746577858925, -0.026807446032762527, -0.05717163160443306, -0.012639337219297886, 0.04180656373500824, 0.01775924302637577, -0.06646924465894699, -0.07170850038528442, 0.022503258660435677, 0.07302695512771606, -0.0518609993159771, 0.01042384747415781, 0.046023450791835785, 0.014591854996979237, -0.011597349308431149, 0.006738903466612101, 0.002969982335343957, -0.01443962287157774, 0.060343626886606216, -0.015671666711568832, -0.056379955261945724, 0.03918982669711113, -0.03925582021474838, 0.016526076942682266, 0.006564806215465069, -0.00973702222108841, -0.07400457561016083, 0.03352065756917, -0.06265030801296234, -0.01631893776357174, 0.03562718257308006, -0.02702138014137745, -0.010607743635773659, 0.03468163311481476, 0.055849649012088776, 0.060601137578487396, -0.000998596427962184, 0.009729186072945595, -0.05724450945854187, -0.11374063044786453, 0.0691225677728653, 0.05879952013492584, -0.10938060283660889, -0.05238195136189461, 0.0819041058421135, 0.029268033802509308, -0.010236179456114769, -0.045956093817949295, 0.11974558979272842, -0.030110355466604233, 0.017951589077711105, -0.012173408642411232, -0.024265170097351074, -0.05545300990343094, -0.15140528976917267, 0.016074758023023605, 0.06353114545345306, -0.04103787988424301, -0.023997094482183456, -0.07744193077087402, 0.013385273516178131, 0.0024028399493545294, -0.021442443132400513, 0.09773820638656616, 0.030851388350129128, 0.01643240824341774, -0.043035056442022324, -0.08172805607318878, -0.04637759551405907, 0.042066339403390884, -0.05132298171520233, -0.022128717973828316, 0.00258483923971653, 0.04976224899291992, -0.02991395816206932, -0.023427730426192284, -0.026174770668148994, 0.025974443182349205, -0.048560719937086105, 0.035747870802879333, 0.014101720415055752, 0.06250406056642532, 0.05409633740782738, 0.006799643859267235, 0.0970301553606987, 0.13632629811763763, -0.08427149802446365, 4.90950817586194e-34, -0.015675945207476616, -0.0042230356484651566, 0.032176606357097626, -0.0515926219522953, 0.10190755128860474, 0.08952446281909943, -0.01173753384500742, -0.04564376920461655, 0.03547007590532303, -0.006570968311280012, 0.015865299850702286, 0.020220497623085976, 0.00906981248408556, 0.041275471448898315, 0.0384451299905777, 0.0015579250175505877, 0.013997900299727917, -0.10565842688083649, -0.02826530486345291, -0.05888153612613678, -0.009164273738861084, -0.021428346633911133, 0.08163215965032578, 0.03717515990138054, -0.011899231933057308, -0.017244363203644753, 0.015359142795205116, 0.031598471105098724, 0.03260219842195511, -0.025963712483644485, 0.06507610529661179, 0.054799411445856094, -0.03304455429315567, 0.08506219834089279, 0.03522106632590294, -0.024965494871139526, 0.052826907485723495, -0.04384060949087143, -0.011789160780608654, 0.11410544812679291, 0.034856464713811874, 0.09293416887521744, 0.058384332805871964, 0.013492402620613575, 0.03422332927584648, 0.04551195725798607, -0.011186694726347923, -0.06250348687171936, -0.10586197674274445, 0.02184499427676201, -0.0418490432202816, 0.01108289510011673, -0.12149657309055328, 0.029238108545541763, 0.0424160398542881, -0.07274463772773743, -0.020325571298599243, -0.10692992061376572, -0.13513371348381042, 0.05122524872422218, -0.004160712007433176, -0.02818739227950573, 0.03692968189716339, -0.02585550770163536, -0.023171452805399895, 0.034592680633068085, 0.017718525603413582, -0.001860027201473713, -0.06430085003376007, 0.07437609136104584, -0.05856640636920929, -0.020118560642004013, -0.019586101174354553, -0.0012952442048117518, -0.05017608031630516, 0.01291467435657978, -0.06037953868508339, 0.00967998243868351, -0.06258360296487808, 0.008397476747632027, -0.02168026939034462, -0.046320345252752304, -0.0718989148736, -0.021543340757489204, 0.006724844686686993, 0.0361233614385128, 0.06481888890266418, 0.10454841703176498, 0.008411692455410957, 0.006583798676729202, -0.07633271813392639, -0.04909885674715042, 0.008809908293187618, 0.036372363567352295, -0.013278341852128506, -4.496927630270875e-8, -0.021862704306840897, -0.05581085383892059, 0.02212374284863472, 0.011033276095986366, -0.0578731931746006, -0.013107309117913246, 0.030925478786230087, -0.0189602542668581, -0.009172665886580944, 0.04724572226405144, 0.030630962923169136, -0.03629295155405998, -0.06348208338022232, 0.002273403573781252, 0.030812092125415802, -0.0434858500957489, 0.07542984932661057, 0.039224836975336075, 0.07059987634420395, -0.05266193300485611, 0.02917431853711605, 0.05455165356397629, -0.023958666250109673, -0.034694988280534744, -0.002788555808365345, 0.06742916256189346, -0.051904477179050446, 0.09761527925729752, -0.011527460999786854, 0.03352481126785278, 0.03363238275051117, 0.037388697266578674, 0.03275188058614731, -0.009499706327915192, -0.020654547959566116, 0.011679830960929394, -0.016474556177854538, -0.049942225217819214, 0.07763159275054932, 0.06026289984583855, 0.061006005853414536, 0.07178477197885513, 0.01678476668894291, 0.050433021038770676, -0.03261129930615425, -0.016770243644714355, -0.0834517627954483, 0.09437555074691772, -0.06605556607246399, -0.021006474271416664, 0.04797951877117157, 0.0616481713950634, -0.02786894328892231, 0.04148222878575325, 0.0060926442965865135, 0.002549920929595828, 0.030771596357226372, -0.030149435624480247, 0.004510635510087013, -0.0474257729947567, 0.08754046261310577, -0.02345454692840576, -0.01178821176290512, 0.0810585543513298 ]
l included studies to check for eligible studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria Eligibility criteria were defined following the population-intervention-comparison-outcome-study (PICOS) design scheme (34). Population: studies that enrolled supervisors as the target group, independently of gender, management level and number of employees. Studies focusing on supervisors, who are diagnosed with a mental disease were excluded as well as studies, which did not distinguish between employees and supervisors.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.832
["management"]
509
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949975
[ 0.06931088864803314, 0.04455511271953583, -0.018816843628883362, 0.06377007812261581, 0.05389636382460594, 0.06914353370666504, -0.0024647493846714497, 0.03771579638123512, -0.03692570701241493, 0.007353347260504961, 0.08249584585428238, 0.02309102565050125, 0.01846875436604023, -0.022595463320612907, 0.017240280285477638, 0.011409678496420383, 0.007164962589740753, -0.10195718705654144, 0.048001132905483246, -0.013846354559063911, -0.06341748684644699, -0.036988552659749985, 0.03804837539792061, -0.024347059428691864, -0.08291199803352356, -0.04278699681162834, -0.011515863239765167, -0.006444563157856464, 0.005441621411591768, 0.10591422766447067, 0.0028721257112920284, 0.025937162339687347, -0.023906737565994263, 0.017674317583441734, 0.011824936605989933, 0.005587376654148102, -0.04016120731830597, 0.04661592096090317, -0.049396682530641556, 0.08564352244138718, -0.071565181016922, 0.0021228084806352854, 0.07361727207899094, -0.052339814603328705, -0.021920911967754364, -0.06741032749414444, -0.06965766102075577, -0.012332774698734283, -0.10183688998222351, -0.05249101668596268, 0.002217500703409314, 0.012141617946326733, 0.0616777203977108, 0.055827125906944275, -0.04921910911798477, -0.03730623424053192, 0.006903320085257292, -0.02944100834429264, -0.05259952321648598, 0.034143995493650436, -0.06127361208200455, -0.0006291897152550519, -0.0609004981815815, 0.0018630845006555319, 0.059551894664764404, 0.024893561378121376, -0.06627386063337326, -0.02186172641813755, 0.05625448375940323, -0.004521622322499752, 0.020040230825543404, -0.08373429626226425, -0.0905916690826416, 0.07239120453596115, 0.04927757382392883, 0.036980047821998596, 0.003024017671123147, 0.015729669481515884, 0.12238191068172455, -0.04315155744552612, -0.04004994407296181, 0.0006730271270498633, 0.025167692452669144, 0.02299286238849163, 0.011666490696370602, -0.014846623875200748, 0.03212447836995125, 0.011736967600882053, -0.017503682523965836, 0.051702775061130524, 0.03545656055212021, -0.036895956844091415, -0.03166107088327408, -0.00874852854758501, -0.03225480020046234, -0.08422490954399109, -0.019052719697356224, -0.007230774033814669, -0.014147763140499592, -0.012253638356924057, 0.013576190918684006, -0.009552842006087303, -0.003508887952193618, 0.03261715918779373, -0.10458074510097504, 0.014244847930967808, 0.059500791132450104, -0.06316754966974258, -0.03148460015654564, -0.07450970262289047, -0.020551906898617744, 0.06501534581184387, 0.033117156475782394, -0.026628004387021065, -0.045165110379457474, -0.10047944635152817, 0.0007462486973963678, -0.0030231093987822533, 0.06272333860397339, 0.02675364911556244, 0.10329988598823547, -0.05051931366324425, 0.07307847589254379, -0.028463950380682945, -0.011471446603536606, -0.019693585112690926, -0.11267445236444473, -3.7009959795172297e-34, 0.001911058323457837, -0.058848075568675995, -0.0011456680949777365, -0.02193482406437397, 0.04777155816555023, -0.018958542495965958, 0.003601339180022478, -0.06697001308202744, 0.04081512615084648, -0.02588028274476528, -0.05206422880291939, -0.04120681807398796, 0.0040778713300824165, 0.05880352854728699, -0.017304198816418648, 0.00922748539596796, 0.06978505104780197, 0.0989265888929367, -0.09615633636713028, 0.0802413746714592, -0.005372845102101564, -0.02599630504846573, 0.0012905377661809325, 0.03742517903447151, -0.018670441582798958, 0.13163267076015472, 0.004112513270229101, -0.019894607365131378, 0.017607735469937325, 0.035067442804574966, -0.008091829717159271, 0.06087682396173477, -0.026968752965331078, -0.021375706419348717, 0.012096353806555271, 0.022319603711366653, 0.009396297857165337, -0.08112210780382156, 0.050863366574048996, -0.053345322608947754, -0.03990975022315979, 0.010530895553529263, 0.07464228570461273, -0.01102997362613678, 0.018842479214072227, 0.008749285712838173, 0.0064235576428473, -0.10165880620479584, -0.005839331541210413, 0.11494413018226624, -0.04981272295117378, 0.010031803511083126, -0.017460383474826813, -0.06569865345954895, 0.010849040001630783, -0.11811322718858719, -0.01838170550763607, 0.0013233870267868042, 0.04531335085630417, 0.0024842831771820784, 0.02860291488468647, 0.013851062394678593, -0.0713580995798111, -0.043802645057439804, 0.04350694641470909, -0.019156649708747864, 0.021536311134696007, -0.14297480881214142, 0.0905904620885849, -0.022691838443279266, -0.06754130870103836, 0.0284824687987566, 0.044190309941768646, 0.04874715954065323, -0.08417733758687973, -0.04832445830106735, 0.04094091057777405, 0.051804330199956894, 0.009000150486826897, -0.028103306889533997, 0.05224147066473961, -0.00117921840865165, -0.05113951861858368, -0.07153055816888809, 0.028938526287674904, 0.023203395307064056, 0.01815747283399105, 0.01727711781859398, -0.04190519452095032, -0.010261978954076767, 0.05060526728630066, 0.003137901658192277, 0.07636525481939316, 0.06607876718044281, -0.037263233214616776, -2.2003413864050216e-33, 0.016900954768061638, 0.044931937009096146, 0.02046392858028412, -0.21285279095172882, 0.0668269544839859, 0.0250669214874506, 0.08870677649974823, -0.15443497896194458, 0.1336115151643753, -0.023094823583960533, 0.013145623728632927, -0.05122882500290871, 0.06059974059462547, 0.0104313213378191, -0.09554234892129898, 0.03706992045044899, -0.05039631947875023, -0.09976761043071747, -0.06432411819696426, -0.04258286952972412, 0.02812018245458603, 0.023887602612376213, 0.12080028653144836, 0.033666353672742844, -0.03349371626973152, 0.003979621455073357, -0.019558873027563095, -0.04291784018278122, -0.0066435085609555244, -0.06434760987758636, 0.06556689739227295, -0.06808178126811981, -0.02251937985420227, 0.04684412106871605, 0.06460942327976227, -0.06436681002378464, 0.042881377041339874, 0.05204487591981888, -0.0028200040105730295, 0.07986405491828918, 0.019671231508255005, 0.004703543148934841, 0.009082496166229248, 0.05710168182849884, -0.014414241537451744, 0.06283304840326309, 0.02981407940387726, -0.07148867845535278, -0.012234896421432495, -0.046965502202510834, -0.05756820738315582, 0.012099705636501312, 0.02728903479874134, 0.019229935482144356, -0.04032928869128227, -0.10679459571838379, 0.04786883294582367, -0.07395768165588379, -0.09898889064788818, 0.043444693088531494, 0.01649768091738224, -0.05574868619441986, -0.022254977375268936, 0.04918566346168518, 0.0076695759780704975, -0.020017288625240326, -0.004988737404346466, 0.062192969024181366, -0.03421681374311447, -0.029072821140289307, -0.02505190670490265, 0.02910025045275688, 0.022873666137456894, -0.08677420765161514, 0.03257942199707031, -0.029512470588088036, -0.06722088158130646, 0.012962508015334606, -0.019616516306996346, -0.0012887455523014069, -0.1043127253651619, -0.03407149016857147, -0.03787730261683464, -0.039398759603500366, 0.05147724226117134, -0.00099844834767282, -0.04051318019628525, -0.024004297330975533, -0.017329594120383263, -0.07018410414457321, -0.059515777975320816, -0.029221225529909134, -0.004157175775617361, 0.03592277318239212, 0.04779776558279991, -4.3499898794152614e-8, 0.05776095390319824, -0.057360339909791946, -0.003406486939638853, -0.005287588573992252, 0.032459557056427, -0.016471613198518753, -0.08826222270727158, -0.05355485901236534, -0.01227968093007803, 0.04558919742703438, 0.03771777078509331, 0.02460343949496746, -0.015446075238287449, -0.01972581073641777, 0.07044336944818497, -0.06102290004491806, 0.026932481676340103, 0.12527984380722046, 0.01272557768970728, 0.06224128603935242, 0.04046544060111046, -0.0036681583151221275, -0.04981624335050583, -0.024082113057374954, -0.016595710068941116, 0.07675311714410782, -0.04478537663817406, -0.0006027504568919539, -0.07198207080364227, 0.022857850417494774, 0.11212050169706345, 0.04698454216122627, 0.04570774734020233, -0.008504104800522327, 0.0514066256582737, -0.029613809660077095, -0.00856075994670391, 0.024844370782375336, 0.026326365768909454, 0.004170599859207869, 0.05021984502673149, 0.03651402145624161, 0.055880215018987656, 0.11408373713493347, 0.0289746280759573, -0.009322342462837696, -0.07077044248580933, -0.0228462852537632, -0.0016863179625943303, 0.026034105569124222, 0.028593778610229492, 0.03185519576072693, 0.01605958491563797, -0.008790528401732445, 0.030438221991062164, -0.006149597465991974, 0.08744015544652939, -0.011544790118932724, -0.03987257555127144, -0.05090486258268356, 0.09373050928115845, 0.028609557077288628, 0.05032871291041374, 0.0350937694311142 ]
ot distinguish between employees and supervisors. Intervention: studies comparing stress management interventions targeted at supervisors with a waitlist or passive control group, or with an active control group receiving an alternative intervention. Interventions that focused on improving supervisors' leadership skills, for example by improving employee-supervisors' relationships or staff empowerment were excluded.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.922
0.802
["leadership", "management", "networking"]
419
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.949995
[ 0.044319551438093185, 0.03259534016251564, 0.012964972294867039, 0.09808412939310074, 0.042060524225234985, 0.057933442294597626, -0.04219842329621315, -0.03776317462325096, -0.07769773155450821, -0.05838504433631897, 0.05675561726093292, 0.007893302477896214, -0.033465903252363205, -0.0023937334772199392, 0.043569810688495636, 0.0059194667264819145, 0.043652188032865524, 0.08599819988012314, -0.013925994746387005, -0.09256891906261444, -0.03253909945487976, -0.008251802995800972, -0.04667410999536514, 0.06872577220201492, -0.13451170921325684, 0.028303999453783035, -0.04814440757036209, 0.020159099251031876, 0.041987642645835876, 0.047278475016355515, -0.0418318547308445, -0.1325857788324356, -0.048765044659376144, 0.006553052458912134, -0.05003104358911514, 0.02665545605123043, 0.06891452521085739, 0.10082226246595383, -0.013528773561120033, -0.01681014709174633, -0.026406001299619675, 0.027227941900491714, -0.032666705548763275, -0.07677315920591354, -0.012076782993972301, -0.03693148121237755, -0.0534709133207798, 0.009913278743624687, -0.14415861666202545, -0.10449016839265823, 0.00958256609737873, -0.011160057969391346, 0.03549956530332565, 0.02482607401907444, 0.06105208024382591, -0.013699358329176903, 0.10764102637767792, -0.01313714124262333, 0.049846939742565155, 0.011576476506888866, -0.052194993942976, -0.02124667540192604, -0.0419117733836174, 0.009419548325240612, -0.07271961867809296, 0.04375729709863663, -0.039559200406074524, 0.024181943386793137, 0.02997695654630661, -0.03624784201383591, 0.0328400693833828, -0.04648759588599205, 0.004870329983532429, 0.013779443688690662, 0.03380447253584862, 0.03834749758243561, -0.04548317939043045, 0.01922905631363392, 0.06436347216367722, -0.0005769151030108333, 0.032959893345832825, -0.04363838955760002, 0.06760916113853455, 0.03467493876814842, -0.06336277723312378, -0.04088687524199486, 0.025549208745360374, -0.03958456963300705, 0.005534999072551727, 0.07438260316848755, 0.041700590401887894, 0.01913335919380188, -0.026056809350848198, -0.049745164811611176, -0.09618929028511047, -0.0673128217458725, -0.051634207367897034, 0.05136372894048691, -0.058519214391708374, -0.019676953554153442, 0.08150221407413483, -0.029291445389389992, -0.04818536341190338, -0.027411730960011482, -0.015878628939390182, -0.040425125509500504, -0.024507252499461174, -0.1122998595237732, 0.0019411362009122968, 0.027665214613080025, -0.05450081080198288, 0.050606533885002136, -0.061758603900671005, -0.07743131369352341, -0.01132039912045002, -0.016010833904147148, -0.045411109924316406, -0.007443048059940338, 0.011243227869272232, 0.0517367459833622, 0.11512713879346848, -0.06764555722475052, 0.11675804853439331, -0.011165819130837917, 0.047190405428409576, 0.032256051898002625, -0.06881817430257797, 8.771987921412122e-34, 0.02885868214070797, -0.05550972744822502, 0.0016320270951837301, 0.07395043224096298, 0.014308517798781395, 0.012925228103995323, -0.0027215059380978346, 0.01264403946697712, 0.03502986580133438, -0.07828889787197113, -0.03108949027955532, 0.023013466969132423, 0.016785679385066032, 0.01127681601792574, -0.01751052588224411, -0.08029013872146606, 0.025604426860809326, 0.07901839166879654, -0.06509685516357422, 0.030035948380827904, -0.053805019706487656, 0.001777328783646226, -0.04161747545003891, 0.06230679899454117, -0.046693939715623856, 0.006229171995073557, 0.0012236176989972591, -0.004449544474482536, 0.04850355163216591, 0.052519481629133224, -0.010850696824491024, -0.028741996735334396, -0.012522853910923004, 0.0008761885692365468, -0.0326424315571785, 0.018741995096206665, 0.01215045340359211, -0.07729858160018921, 0.047876741737127304, -0.0984734296798706, -0.07032755017280579, -0.01693868264555931, 0.10043030977249146, -0.017466869205236435, 0.010810082778334618, -0.02808278053998947, 0.017499133944511414, -0.08847860991954803, 0.007035530172288418, 0.06620428711175919, -0.027016108855605125, 0.04554774612188339, 0.019715184345841408, -0.06067224219441414, 0.017980773001909256, -0.04675864055752754, 0.06536412239074707, 0.02697448432445526, 0.004348455462604761, 0.0366639569401741, 0.009932833723723888, -0.006010059267282486, -0.10989882051944733, 0.03897304832935333, 0.12732765078544617, -0.015649693086743355, 0.0020482989493757486, -0.0774417594075203, 0.010111689567565918, -0.00696162274107337, -0.08926832675933838, 0.024605603888630867, 0.08576172590255737, 0.0660606250166893, -0.05816913768649101, -0.07088296115398407, -0.07478567212820053, 0.011175128631293774, -0.07320623844861984, -0.039209309965372086, -0.010300884023308754, -0.05392160266637802, 0.011000050231814384, -0.00957697257399559, -0.013086747378110886, -0.04025047644972801, -0.02778955176472664, 0.0885806530714035, 0.03852612152695656, -0.02296057529747486, 0.05137401074171066, 0.02360452152788639, 0.02325623854994774, 0.16193677484989166, -0.0298274178057909, -3.147569427977006e-33, 0.052663404494524, -0.013780973851680756, -0.014001788571476936, -0.09421979635953903, 0.16363659501075745, 0.07558220624923706, 0.0186933446675539, -0.11377935856580734, 0.050440896302461624, -0.07350872457027435, 0.013167016208171844, -0.07375703752040863, -0.025562932714819908, 0.04702864587306976, -0.02204263210296631, -0.010487557388842106, -0.03147122636437416, -0.02057524025440216, -0.037603750824928284, -0.044450655579566956, -0.02233351767063141, -0.020922668278217316, 0.12068040668964386, 0.0656251385807991, -0.0773768275976181, -0.017525261268019676, -0.01150206383317709, 0.02858363650739193, 0.047645650804042816, 0.0546431839466095, -0.0021721443627029657, -0.024740304797887802, 0.012069860473275185, 0.13372115790843964, 0.0006509142112918198, 0.000007914160960353911, 0.03320892155170441, -0.042680930346250534, -0.0782470777630806, 0.061150141060352325, -0.007431729231029749, 0.09802931547164917, 0.02590378373861313, 0.0214367788285017, 0.05477853864431381, 0.05090712010860443, -0.031799208372831345, -0.09202836453914642, -0.1483212113380432, 0.00476039620116353, -0.025325894355773926, -0.03166133537888527, -0.0397045761346817, 0.04173078015446663, -0.03064011223614216, -0.08895818144083023, 0.061677686870098114, -0.09873658418655396, -0.05844934284687042, 0.03428499028086662, -0.029782734811306, -0.014867755584418774, 0.006105947308242321, 0.0779559314250946, -0.014660891145467758, 0.013812356628477573, 0.01279929094016552, -0.017623189836740494, -0.011694686487317085, 0.0179308969527483, -0.010236761532723904, 0.03820929676294327, -0.0029820355121046305, -0.03994721174240112, -0.001450193114578724, -0.027280591428279877, -0.08821479976177216, -0.06426306813955307, -0.0827116146683693, -0.0478413887321949, -0.01607426069676876, -0.0015371000627055764, 0.0414595827460289, 0.00509082293137908, -0.029038051143288612, 0.14115191996097565, -0.01490162592381239, 0.04609302058815956, 0.0056344592012465, -0.03658553957939148, -0.06183779984712601, -0.0024516696576029062, 0.0108482101932168, 0.012083208188414574, 0.0664859414100647, -4.158553679189936e-8, -0.02761341817677021, 0.002438558265566826, 0.05804488807916641, -0.006435838062316179, 0.040425024926662445, -0.026771357282996178, -0.031889840960502625, -0.035199858248233795, -0.004156025126576424, 0.05196727067232132, 0.0023797443136572838, -0.024271149188280106, 0.036919351667165756, -0.035015352070331573, 0.09047187864780426, -0.09360183030366898, 0.04175274446606636, 0.039800457656383514, 0.04160952940583229, 0.030761143192648888, 0.054210495203733444, 0.030482014641165733, -0.0703878253698349, -0.029404060915112495, 0.029671527445316315, 0.04318710416555405, -0.029387161135673523, 0.06032703071832657, 0.0034776099491864443, 0.07261361926794052, 0.05628069117665291, 0.0025069185066968203, 0.0009697789209894836, -0.0374760627746582, -0.012762373313307762, 0.027078447863459587, -0.006663299165666103, -0.0599428191781044, -0.006043483968824148, 0.01943071000277996, -0.0033468662295490503, 0.030911605805158615, 0.0030718818306922913, 0.05864774435758591, 0.02579415589570999, -0.012456190772354603, -0.007204372435808182, 0.03009931370615959, -0.02013712003827095, -0.041801970452070236, 0.026057664304971695, 0.020208073779940605, -0.010192192159593105, 0.010614435188472271, 0.012449029833078384, -0.05121888965368271, 0.04516560211777687, -0.021558595821261406, -0.029545318335294724, -0.020533284172415733, 0.08382026851177216, 0.03149193525314331, 0.0550304614007473, 0.08869706839323044 ]
relationships or staff empowerment were excluded. Comparison: no intervention (including waitlist and passive control groups) or alternative intervention. Outcome: studies with any measure of (i) psychological stress (eg, perceived stress, job stress), (ii) mindfulness, (iii) mental health (eg, burnout, anxiety, depression), (iv) work-related outcomes (eg, work performance, absenteeism, productivity) or (v) leadership-related outcomes (eg, transformational leadership, authentic leadership, health-oriented l
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.82
["leadership", "networking", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950015
[ -0.003447141032665968, 0.0785861685872078, -0.028497936204075813, 0.10133427381515503, 0.05583211034536362, 0.08466245234012604, -0.08182236552238464, -0.0442982017993927, -0.013015217147767544, -0.06640203297138214, 0.11149842292070389, 0.011545052751898766, -0.0022486592642962933, -0.03933365270495415, 0.04526854306459427, -0.06191502511501312, -0.002879420993849635, 0.05706600472331047, -0.07494811713695526, -0.08536797761917114, -0.051803283393383026, 0.0031024410855025053, -0.0373273603618145, 0.055109359323978424, -0.029203146696090698, -0.01630307175219059, -0.04925837367773056, 0.02178013138473034, 0.039835505187511444, 0.005668254569172859, -0.01738966442644596, -0.0528353676199913, -0.031740691512823105, -0.0068856836296617985, 0.002183452481403947, 0.04702985659241676, 0.06187600642442703, 0.04685116931796074, -0.004166396334767342, 0.012763667851686478, -0.09336210042238235, -0.018965700641274452, 0.0006511795800179243, -0.030793407931923866, -0.026331068947911263, -0.04480491206049919, -0.05310773849487305, -0.05401703715324402, -0.14561928808689117, -0.0859743282198906, 0.02327978052198887, 0.02430393360555172, 0.027616605162620544, 0.04238530993461609, 0.08033637702465057, -0.008583096787333488, 0.05526779964566231, -0.03726682811975479, 0.007707599550485611, 0.04179105535149574, -0.04930312931537628, 0.004360183607786894, -0.07266199588775635, 0.03942694514989853, -0.09342359751462936, 0.038826193660497665, -0.060815006494522095, -0.03546500205993652, 0.005634395405650139, -0.06930377334356308, 0.007027671206742525, -0.12087631225585938, 0.02297227270901203, 0.009999526664614677, 0.08481547236442566, 0.08212169259786606, 0.02810911275446415, -0.013307814486324787, 0.06916240602731705, 0.01541078556329012, 0.04873797297477722, 0.011345170438289642, -0.001080341637134552, 0.10985379666090012, -0.08465428650379181, -0.06348053365945816, 0.05223943293094635, 0.029039697721600533, 0.019844096153974533, 0.027790898457169533, 0.06181894242763519, 0.03642060235142708, -0.055788636207580566, -0.010387890972197056, -0.040803030133247375, -0.05426866561174393, -0.05168557167053223, 0.0361662320792675, -0.08129293471574783, -0.03207090497016907, 0.02718244306743145, 0.005878207739442587, -0.015629108995199203, -0.025514477863907814, -0.030144724994897842, -0.03726557642221451, 0.08185421675443649, -0.044990576803684235, -0.044273585081100464, -0.00006630681309616193, -0.08150537312030792, 0.004798561334609985, -0.03285389393568039, -0.07246135175228119, 0.003217917401343584, -0.06178300827741623, -0.05865628644824028, 0.03383127227425575, -0.004050536081194878, -0.02554607018828392, 0.09151209890842438, 0.006092737428843975, 0.13179071247577667, -0.013024051673710346, 0.03502456471323967, -0.01278145145624876, -0.06648877263069153, -1.0726380211534864e-34, 0.03360719606280327, -0.03726624324917793, -0.002318788319826126, 0.05446794629096985, 0.07627438753843307, 0.016277410089969635, 0.023795263841748238, -0.011283861473202705, 0.045247260481119156, -0.022254731506109238, -0.05430590361356735, 0.031529273837804794, -0.0031903230119496584, -0.02139364928007126, -0.048513609915971756, 0.004051403608173132, 0.02410947158932686, 0.07369013130664825, -0.07754691690206528, 0.05276867747306824, -0.006821907591074705, 0.026944810524582863, -0.03770017251372337, 0.05752842500805855, -0.03734516724944115, 0.0014589675702154636, 0.031661540269851685, -0.06272910535335541, 0.002676587086170912, 0.04278397932648659, -0.04287468641996384, -0.001316913403570652, 0.03371533006429672, -0.0667242556810379, -0.04451379179954529, 0.0511733815073967, -0.07217708975076675, -0.03837396204471588, 0.03542451187968254, -0.0444614514708519, -0.07211481779813766, -0.014199735596776009, 0.08117176592350006, -0.025974920019507408, -0.0039248960092663765, -0.04083136096596718, 0.003377749351784587, -0.08214601129293442, 0.008490651845932007, 0.10165189206600189, -0.08490061014890671, 0.0612429641187191, 0.01649952121078968, -0.01318034715950489, 0.03279932960867882, -0.04257265850901604, 0.0660063698887825, 0.0441017784178257, -0.052633754909038544, -0.012049810029566288, -0.021749507635831833, -0.0020630357321351767, -0.1288314312696457, -0.012795807793736458, 0.09346216917037964, -0.0424114465713501, -0.013655854389071465, -0.1477116346359253, -0.018896684050559998, -0.04355866461992264, -0.07503364980220795, 0.03836861997842789, 0.009281129576265812, 0.06892520189285278, -0.07426464557647705, -0.002660023747012019, -0.05347221717238426, -0.022023102268576622, -0.023576555773615837, -0.03819921612739563, -0.01647275499999523, -0.023523641750216484, 0.03250711038708687, -0.00020830909488722682, 0.05488871410489082, 0.019569944590330124, 0.014261837117373943, 0.03252974525094032, 0.014095116406679153, -0.006101771257817745, 0.05831070616841316, 0.015306996181607246, 0.052754972130060196, 0.07084496319293976, -0.04532811418175697, -1.974764204153217e-33, 0.02867363952100277, -0.006407174747437239, -0.022072555497288704, -0.0974302887916565, 0.1510244756937027, 0.11960297077894211, 0.05265578255057335, -0.14104215800762177, 0.07910053431987762, -0.0012607144890353084, 0.10054446011781693, -0.0442085824906826, -0.021221384406089783, 0.034674037247896194, -0.015971966087818146, 0.014423655346035957, -0.04100533574819565, -0.08088763058185577, -0.05009954795241356, 0.008053254336118698, 0.0330270417034626, 0.018106235191226006, 0.07060772180557251, 0.07388722151517868, -0.022225160151720047, 0.01181265339255333, -0.014056544750928879, 0.0710010752081871, 0.037771306931972504, -0.03288248926401138, 0.09008954465389252, 0.02513929083943367, -0.013805713504552841, 0.06895601004362106, 0.025917692109942436, -0.046397771686315536, 0.03732655569911003, -0.03288482502102852, -0.03860724717378616, 0.026604674756526947, 0.008145200088620186, 0.05270405486226082, 0.06036899611353874, 0.003279947442933917, 0.03772371634840965, 0.04687169939279556, 0.004919180180877447, -0.13930657505989075, -0.0544811449944973, 0.055575333535671234, -0.03285115957260132, -0.0088197598233819, -0.038288045674562454, 0.10406423360109329, 0.0515768937766552, -0.1043766662478447, 0.024923404678702354, -0.12393444031476974, -0.07404182106256485, -0.0002748988335952163, 0.020739011466503143, 0.0039680106565356255, 0.002771645085886121, 0.010425114072859287, 0.006373362150043249, -0.005995230283588171, 0.03781232237815857, -0.002090396359562874, -0.0026163789443671703, 0.02257847785949707, -0.017235014587640762, -0.038845133036375046, -0.0035266492050141096, -0.059537120163440704, 0.018288258463144302, 0.005422282498329878, -0.08452725410461426, -0.04348406940698624, -0.08404216170310974, -0.08057209104299545, -0.0340779572725296, -0.019204722717404366, 0.009152025915682316, -0.05713106319308281, -0.027862951159477234, 0.0799851194024086, 0.03646397590637207, 0.018095852807164192, 0.04804686829447746, -0.001679872628301382, -0.049611687660217285, 0.00485578179359436, 0.00538725545629859, 0.02312038280069828, 0.055971287190914154, -5.5284818500922484e-8, 0.006248930003494024, 0.020873136818408966, 0.06357938051223755, -0.03749099001288414, 0.02123122662305832, -0.039504799991846085, 0.004895314574241638, -0.0320160947740078, -0.031736698001623154, 0.11045823991298676, -0.024790389463305473, -0.041264429688453674, -0.009492562152445316, 0.017109451815485954, 0.03569082170724869, -0.07279691100120544, 0.09386953711509705, 0.03426515683531761, 0.0698138102889061, -0.054817456752061844, 0.000056006589147727937, 0.031543850898742676, -0.09776579588651657, -0.0760943740606308, 0.010634447447955608, 0.06353376805782318, -0.04563755914568901, 0.034901805222034454, -0.018772277981042862, -0.01859705150127411, 0.053657807409763336, 0.02359897829592228, 0.010307778604328632, -0.0538758747279644, -0.06055678799748421, 0.0540190152823925, 0.01835417002439499, -0.023269452154636383, -0.029831120744347572, 0.037343598902225494, 0.04427023231983185, 0.10247239470481873, 0.017091909423470497, 0.07253458350896835, -0.002701954683288932, -0.029789621010422707, -0.028850391507148743, 0.045303523540496826, -0.052318934351205826, -0.03914538398385048, 0.036078933626413345, 0.037862420082092285, -0.0031423079781234264, -0.027058353647589684, 0.0006802273564971983, 0.06780608743429184, 0.04672456160187721, 0.00808167364448309, -0.014968321658670902, -0.0181818138808012, 0.09578651189804077, -0.0689508318901062, -0.012677116319537163, 0.04878315329551697 ]
ential disagreements were resolved by discussion. We also contacted authors of several publications via email to request relevant data. One author ( 37 ) supplied additional, unpublished data. Coding of study characteristics For each included study, the following characteristics were coded: (i) study framework: first author, year of publication, country and study design; (ii) participants: age, percent female, higher proportion (>50%) of female participants (yes, no), management level and occupational setti
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.842
["management", "negotiation"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950035
[ 0.11429721117019653, 0.004873537924140692, -0.01602071523666382, 0.07571831345558167, -0.00814903900027275, -0.026086172088980675, -0.0714850127696991, 0.03144478425383568, -0.03989051282405853, 0.06095277518033981, 0.05388253554701805, 0.022826766595244408, -0.03317847475409508, -0.0023167904000729322, 0.008466139435768127, -0.0014104563742876053, -0.001713232253678143, -0.06095714867115021, 0.04719166457653046, 0.03418026864528656, -0.11048619449138641, -0.028424561023712158, 0.04300360009074211, 0.011212599463760853, 0.008028779178857803, 0.008264896459877491, -0.0200036633759737, 0.019717182964086533, -0.024746406823396683, 0.006437818519771099, -0.03695927932858467, 0.1144549697637558, 0.08071579784154892, 0.033913999795913696, -0.03591027110815048, 0.021528195589780807, 0.016548776999115944, 0.04424704238772392, -0.00810013897716999, 0.04432595148682594, -0.11257204413414001, -0.05647658929228783, 0.008528267964720726, -0.0474238246679306, -0.030794791877269745, -0.03898603469133377, -0.039897941052913666, 0.05490070581436157, -0.15125668048858643, 0.04008125141263008, -0.08109261840581894, -0.007743836846202612, 0.06363604217767715, -0.037376753985881805, 0.007303553633391857, -0.030880983918905258, 0.01870114542543888, 0.004678645636886358, -0.053849607706069946, 0.005603781435638666, -0.02545105665922165, -0.01679416559636593, -0.1309555172920227, 0.050934869796037674, 0.06819892674684525, 0.02744346857070923, 0.003430056618526578, -0.0131271593272686, -0.015627535060048103, 0.034539006650447845, 0.09582623094320297, -0.05116881802678108, -0.10520438849925995, 0.08046472817659378, 0.06751247495412827, 0.02204609476029873, 0.006979701109230518, 0.0993923544883728, 0.11576689779758453, -0.09180939197540283, 0.020550865679979324, 0.013031436130404472, -0.01720590330660343, 0.07547172904014587, 0.018879447132349014, -0.07139977067708969, 0.051661595702171326, 0.044122181832790375, -0.08515580743551254, 0.036494482308626175, 0.0005437346990220249, 0.05571475625038147, 0.036186739802360535, 0.026883428916335106, 0.017446789890527725, 0.02098478190600872, 0.02217373065650463, -0.017306113615632057, 0.013768292963504791, -0.001462564105167985, -0.020839007571339607, 0.06354927271604538, 0.005852765403687954, 0.020002761855721474, -0.07625558972358704, -0.026916418224573135, 0.09287910163402557, -0.039201341569423676, -0.006190184969455004, 0.020065724849700928, -0.014678128995001316, -0.002719027688726783, -0.039563871920108795, 0.0026347381062805653, 0.07645639032125473, -0.07672379910945892, 0.0291641503572464, 0.11298329383134842, 0.06753745675086975, 0.03287697210907936, -0.008993270806968212, -0.04327729716897011, -0.04111588001251221, -0.11417883634567261, -0.04249531403183937, -0.04573829099535942, -0.06972557306289673, 4.117931565715158e-33, 0.016150644049048424, -0.05274761840701103, -0.06733772158622742, 0.12700524926185608, 0.0055924709886312485, 0.020979784429073334, 0.017992328852415085, 0.015173567458987236, 0.016854749992489815, 0.012675336562097073, -0.003791511058807373, 0.05470522493124008, 0.03300353139638901, 0.06083935126662254, -0.002241382608190179, 0.026547197252511978, -0.04095102474093437, 0.07496123760938644, -0.11984414607286453, 0.0601818822324276, 0.04677385464310646, 0.008479677140712738, -0.017438119277358055, -0.009716936387121677, -0.012494290247559547, -0.01650591939687729, 0.013776452280580997, -0.008446186780929565, -0.05935145914554596, -0.007334387861192226, 0.03982172906398773, -0.014845599420368671, -0.017180921509861946, -0.05697016417980194, -0.012958349660038948, 0.05914969742298126, 0.09040113538503647, -0.02368173375725746, 0.00479432288557291, 0.0219398345798254, -0.05202094465494156, -0.014875181950628757, 0.05579395592212677, -0.0796356201171875, -0.006784079130738974, -0.004339458886533976, -0.015380779281258583, -0.0599302239716053, 0.024012770503759384, 0.0984012708067894, -0.06738286465406418, 0.06394902616739273, 0.04467254877090454, -0.04601527377963066, -0.0016113879391923547, 0.028642816469073296, -0.004015280399471521, -0.06865406036376953, -0.022609837353229523, 0.029727574437856674, 0.0177578367292881, 0.056079473346471786, -0.017144320532679558, -0.10527493059635162, -0.012342613190412521, 0.021881068125367165, -0.07530481368303299, -0.1213047206401825, 0.012415156699717045, -0.05355781689286232, -0.07617900520563126, 0.040516793727874756, -0.01951386034488678, 0.06045025214552879, -0.05053793638944626, 0.0035334541462361813, 0.0251948069781065, 0.06499676406383514, 0.0729336068034172, -0.03728916123509407, 0.05711542069911957, 0.00996088795363903, -0.035256627947092056, 0.0029989031609147787, -0.03292567655444145, 0.021754691377282143, 0.03905922919511795, 0.004109561908990145, -0.023520242422819138, 0.07775034010410309, 0.051031697541475296, -0.046974390745162964, 0.08279282599687576, 0.058037273585796356, 0.032766979187726974, -5.4928275946613225e-33, -0.07162932306528091, 0.014584627002477646, -0.0007312432280741632, -0.024485982954502106, 0.0657636821269989, -0.022366438060998917, 0.09105472266674042, -0.048409778624773026, 0.10233072936534882, 0.03543352335691452, 0.08186794072389603, -0.09972793608903885, 0.003579961834475398, 0.0229722261428833, 0.002801570575684309, -0.06146517023444176, -0.058613624423742294, -0.053773071616888046, 0.013969394378364086, 0.0010812693508341908, 0.08994679152965546, -0.004559389781206846, 0.004053397569805384, -0.03313640505075455, -0.014567054808139801, 0.04472989961504936, -0.025248419493436813, -0.08446566760540009, -0.017186423763632774, -0.07573235780000687, 0.0828477144241333, -0.023420115932822227, -0.03596717119216919, -0.02064845897257328, 0.028926752507686615, -0.07463761419057846, -0.04964445158839226, -0.06079896539449692, 0.01518133282661438, 0.010083669796586037, -0.033907342702150345, 0.035336412489414215, -0.04753413796424866, 0.03372413292527199, 0.05186392739415169, -0.00791227538138628, 0.05167664587497711, -0.03543723747134209, 0.037438102066516876, -0.10612782835960388, 0.022663218900561333, 0.06262705475091934, -0.07215303927659988, -0.04789715260267258, 0.061567116528749466, -0.054212555289268494, 0.07720429450273514, -0.04340032488107681, -0.029216784983873367, 0.10549669712781906, 0.04964343458414078, 0.05766893923282623, -0.05387170985341072, 0.008847596123814583, 0.0047742463648319244, -0.07980077713727951, -0.027703821659088135, 0.020031627267599106, -0.050738561898469925, -0.00035378357279114425, -0.03485334664583206, -0.0886908695101738, -0.04644063115119934, -0.045190729200839996, 0.1214347630739212, -0.016368582844734192, -0.05036833509802818, -0.023336637765169144, -0.037091776728630066, 0.07037492841482162, -0.031357210129499435, -0.029042227193713188, 0.02578730694949627, 0.020655598491430283, -0.022672194987535477, 0.025133101269602776, -0.0438363254070282, -0.1005905345082283, -0.03706903010606766, -0.0016433809651061893, -0.04070768505334854, -0.07293366640806198, -0.04305805265903473, 0.01708175614476204, 0.000022394357074517757, -6.098390770148399e-8, 0.020199766382575035, -0.03579786792397499, 0.025879060849547386, -0.018254876136779785, -0.06465334445238113, -0.007622068282216787, 0.015060510486364365, -0.0027704027015715837, -0.04549512267112732, 0.06728028506040573, -0.012961816973984241, 0.0506180077791214, -0.09796686470508575, -0.02308586612343788, 0.026164913550019264, -0.005684725474566221, 0.04266003891825676, 0.04293913394212723, -0.02677280269563198, 0.013574065640568733, 0.08902886509895325, -0.02160974033176899, -0.0607716403901577, -0.03932538628578186, 0.005182688124477863, 0.03926290571689606, -0.01493951678276062, 0.0801621675491333, -0.11952041834592819, -0.0023461529053747654, 0.014703991822898388, 0.016574380919337273, 0.06438564509153366, -0.06229330226778984, 0.016817746683955193, -0.049608416855335236, -0.016849763691425323, 0.05862513557076454, -0.003089067991822958, -0.016772158443927765, -0.009391789324581623, -0.04273691400885582, 0.0009735972271300852, 0.07124776393175125, 0.011588656343519688, 0.02598820999264717, -0.043933894485235214, 0.046066198498010635, -0.03853297606110573, -0.02656952105462551, -0.04419901594519615, -0.0004322144959587604, 0.020133409649133682, -0.011251832358539104, 0.014567699283361435, 0.15696017444133759, 0.017568351700901985, -0.019219474866986275, -0.04067838191986084, -0.04648669809103012, 0.16600655019283295, 0.03806241601705551, -0.03050106018781662, -0.02881637215614319 ]
(yes, no), management level and occupational setting (eg, healthcare, production or public administration), type of control group (alternative intervention, passive or waitlist control group); (iii) intervention : format, length (<1, 1–4, 5–8, 9–12, and >12 weeks), training setting (face-to-face, virtual or hybrid), home practice (yes or no), delivery mode (self-practice, group or individual session, or mixed format), type (cognitive behavioral, relaxation, biofeedback, organization-focused, alternative to
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.896
0.68
["management"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950054
[ 0.08081254363059998, -0.029786495491862297, -0.009943808428943157, 0.048272084444761276, -0.07882695645093918, 0.08542525768280029, -0.047788020223379135, 0.019054027274250984, -0.07448232918977737, -0.009937074035406113, 0.10811425000429153, 0.03135950118303299, -0.06997036933898926, 0.011326835490763187, 0.051570162177085876, -0.045950476080179214, 0.06369852274656296, -0.030366964638233185, 0.027996767312288284, 0.01063244417309761, 0.04592873528599739, 0.01941126026213169, 0.05032233148813248, 0.04972314462065697, -0.10217013210058212, -0.0015389049658551812, -0.06626725941896439, -0.022492142394185066, 0.0785493403673172, -0.04055051878094673, -0.07290685176849365, 0.014515230432152748, 0.07763303816318512, 0.0066522941924631596, -0.018408240750432014, 0.03754140064120293, 0.009964781813323498, 0.01577337272465229, -0.04083755239844322, 0.06923127174377441, -0.01951242983341217, -0.04053294658660889, -0.021137265488505363, -0.03679361939430237, 0.0249163880944252, -0.014356817118823528, -0.05583036690950394, -0.06378884613513947, -0.05332007259130478, -0.08545084297657013, -0.0033694133162498474, -0.02162596583366394, 0.00019905496446881443, 0.09793263673782349, 0.050391342490911484, -0.05715733394026756, 0.055025506764650345, -0.022343305870890617, 0.021196065470576286, 0.020352177321910858, -0.02415638230741024, -0.006188280880451202, -0.11092985421419144, 0.03748470917344093, -0.056543849408626556, 0.07158631086349487, -0.05820293724536896, -0.031086979433894157, 0.10217591375112534, -0.05715632811188698, -0.08652796596288681, -0.07009566575288773, 0.016842225566506386, 0.06768269836902618, 0.02836008369922638, -0.06511946022510529, 0.026768088340759277, -0.009819965809583664, 0.04409993439912796, -0.0636085495352745, 0.0063649252988398075, 0.10056353360414505, 0.04278898239135742, 0.05452530086040497, -0.04093492403626442, -0.003862344427034259, -0.024961987510323524, 0.06340060383081436, 0.05511803179979324, 0.04456306993961334, 0.011456197127699852, 0.05502713844180107, -0.03822869062423706, -0.06972377747297287, -0.053272049874067307, -0.06907301396131516, -0.027022195979952812, -0.012659742496907711, -0.032587502151727676, -0.02963860146701336, 0.106519915163517, -0.05919196829199791, -0.0319986492395401, -0.03633113205432892, -0.09037656337022781, -0.062410809099674225, 0.0049932426773011684, -0.03731904551386833, -0.015551316551864147, 0.013675850816071033, -0.08782649785280228, 0.02207271009683609, -0.03179134801030159, -0.08843417465686798, 0.0059523386880755424, 0.01560447458177805, -0.0629308894276619, -0.00915249902755022, 0.08718845248222351, 0.026129649952054024, 0.04852334409952164, -0.03500553220510483, 0.13823431730270386, -0.12685802578926086, 0.05036568269133568, 0.018906664103269577, -0.05350825935602188, -2.2980014570713372e-33, -0.012326128780841827, -0.06744560599327087, -0.013806530274450779, 0.07132010906934738, 0.022379493340849876, 0.045754753053188324, -0.0073739332146942616, -0.014135152101516724, 0.06870485842227936, -0.028583547100424767, 0.04001341015100479, 0.028932465240359306, -0.021052392199635506, 0.07320249080657959, 0.045876070857048035, -0.006053273566067219, -0.06021152064204216, 0.07644443213939667, -0.06510037928819656, 0.030548397451639175, -0.026028167456388474, 0.006386697292327881, -0.03602949529886246, 0.05842253565788269, 0.012154682539403439, 0.0043739755637943745, -0.008261481299996376, 0.018146293237805367, 0.057885851711034775, 0.0023049309384077787, 0.030981730669736862, 0.012617841362953186, -0.05932309851050377, -0.0491400808095932, -0.011194325052201748, 0.04323214292526245, 0.02452472597360611, -0.04044573754072189, 0.031671684235334396, -0.0743623897433281, -0.08092116564512253, -0.01168234832584858, 0.046657413244247437, 0.017062466591596603, 0.08633764088153839, -0.038399361073970795, 0.040176112204790115, -0.08070141822099686, -0.08112284541130066, 0.027046188712120056, -0.05174467712640762, 0.03547930717468262, 0.00684817461296916, -0.08344165235757828, 0.05208028480410576, 0.05029198154807091, -0.0003574812726583332, 0.0653238594532013, -0.05631043761968613, 0.04641714319586754, 0.06917963176965714, -0.0015009669587016106, -0.035256821662187576, 0.030514845624566078, -0.020796552300453186, -0.016450239345431328, -0.039269547909498215, -0.09345559030771255, 0.036121904850006104, -0.04118975251913071, -0.06554469466209412, 0.01777699775993824, -0.07100944221019745, 0.028332633897662163, -0.02862500213086605, -0.10724030435085297, 0.015049793757498264, -0.02163749560713768, -0.021855387836694717, 0.017115231603384018, 0.009478817693889141, -0.001942474045790732, -0.02590690739452839, 0.067059226334095, -0.004220089875161648, -0.06273458898067474, -0.00937562994658947, 0.01901884377002716, 0.0009721710230223835, -0.047018107026815414, -0.08407040685415268, 0.003453404875472188, 0.00024878038675524294, 0.07906199246644974, -0.00027605736977420747, -1.3841694855127024e-33, 0.029653361067175865, 0.007156857755035162, -0.0581081360578537, -0.024349501356482506, 0.13238677382469177, 0.08983978629112244, 0.016799917444586754, -0.017926277592778206, 0.11609266698360443, 0.02849649451673031, -0.009702482260763645, -0.04343671351671219, -0.024438539519906044, -0.05530732125043869, -0.09983242303133011, -0.06946258246898651, -0.12689931690692902, 0.026168137788772583, -0.01084198895841837, 0.03355441987514496, 0.023763038218021393, 0.0026420513167977333, 0.09060458093881607, 0.07087425142526627, -0.0038078734651207924, -0.0019181446405127645, -0.0822351723909378, 0.11565566062927246, 0.05726379528641701, 0.0029710722155869007, 0.01787293702363968, -0.08119342476129532, 0.039477650076150894, 0.05968426540493965, -0.08454834669828415, -0.042850445955991745, 0.06061459705233574, 0.015528634190559387, -0.035161521285772324, 0.07942072302103043, 0.035980474203825, -0.008061874657869339, 0.038626234978437424, 0.03641778230667114, 0.006408714689314365, 0.053660959005355835, -0.035862941294908524, -0.08080554753541946, -0.048099808394908905, 0.045338232070207596, -0.050873756408691406, -0.0013380750315263867, -0.054437823593616486, -0.025671184062957764, 0.024444155395030975, -0.020410172641277313, 0.047127723693847656, -0.136575847864151, -0.10515935719013214, -0.0038786546792834997, 0.010486808605492115, 0.0043030548840761185, 0.0005627641803584993, 0.04963415488600731, 0.03316717967391014, -0.006462878081947565, 0.010560223832726479, 0.026285497471690178, -0.03330244496464729, -0.025898775085806847, -0.05318624898791313, -0.008654762990772724, -0.012493080459535122, -0.11581960320472717, -0.035609543323516846, -0.08183302730321884, -0.015682488679885864, -0.06542859971523285, -0.07221060246229172, -0.041644416749477386, -0.022000692784786224, -0.08646098524332047, 0.018898271024227142, 0.05344901233911514, -0.041963860392570496, 0.06080884113907814, 0.01900828257203102, 0.005018254742026329, 0.055096663534641266, 0.04380657896399498, -0.03321978822350502, 0.028332160785794258, -0.0017860096413642168, 0.0822778046131134, -0.025658806785941124, -5.499050459434329e-8, -0.018026506528258324, -0.01969272457063198, 0.1100659966468811, -0.010798811912536621, 0.04938400164246559, 0.0060819052159786224, -0.05716290324926376, -0.042888958007097244, -0.049846917390823364, 0.09510044008493423, -0.0028261004481464624, 0.044577233493328094, 0.03671891987323761, -0.009185902774333954, 0.07635488361120224, -0.07777673006057739, 0.08407769352197647, 0.0617670938372612, 0.006822067312896252, -0.03034728579223156, 0.05060598626732826, -0.04743712767958641, -0.02037433348596096, 0.0008321324712596834, 0.02759348414838314, -0.006760999094694853, 0.0030016391538083553, 0.07838752120733261, -0.07883039861917496, -0.03810453787446022, 0.08596458286046982, 0.034350086003541946, 0.031720105558633804, 0.0031666208524256945, -0.11456885188817978, -0.011805279180407524, -0.008546048775315285, 0.002764130476862192, 0.02938193827867508, 0.023927342146635056, -0.04538842663168907, -0.013510128483176231, 0.04450219124555588, 0.041713517159223557, -0.002192630898207426, 0.018404437229037285, -0.03865625336766243, 0.004668676294386387, 0.0228723231703043, -0.031042208895087242, 0.0011206638300791383, 0.06091419234871864, 0.021782485768198967, -0.0026802807115018368, 0.04297257214784622, 0.09204467386007309, 0.08259253203868866, -0.040094420313835144, 0.04152249917387962, 0.025013862177729607, 0.00967653002589941, -0.023540018126368523, 0.021997952833771706, 0.024927090853452682 ]
biofeedback, organization-focused, alternative to the others or multimodal in accordance to ( 24 ), number of intervention components (1, 2 or 3), follow-up periods (short-, medium- or long-term (<3, 3–12 or >12 months); (iv) outcome domains : the primary outcome data were structured by classifying the initially reported constructs into review outcomes across the following domains: (a) psychological stress (including perceived stress and job stress), (b) mindfulness, (c) mental health (including subsyndroma
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.694
["career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950075
[ 0.008232501335442066, -0.020563870668411255, -0.040767062455415726, 0.09440550953149796, 0.043905336409807205, 0.04790208116173744, -0.08482062816619873, -0.012968547642230988, 0.0035699852742254734, -0.08119495958089828, -0.03866317868232727, -0.006635969504714012, -0.06911084055900574, -0.0001393345301039517, -0.010243906639516354, -0.059301238507032394, -0.00009012173541123047, 0.011747525073587894, 0.00749509921297431, -0.016006454825401306, 0.0621773824095726, 0.006915366277098656, 0.08829285949468613, 0.027190199121832848, -0.054339487105607986, 0.05133778974413872, -0.06852827966213226, 0.03573290631175041, 0.055734314024448395, 0.019052783027291298, 0.022046387195587158, 0.024538690224289894, 0.01366444956511259, 0.032080378383398056, -0.030658600851893425, 0.07195089757442474, -0.03342435508966446, 0.002332129515707493, -0.0067425621673464775, 0.050076745450496674, -0.07720323652029037, -0.05349072441458702, 0.023309582844376564, -0.03403850272297859, 0.004505684599280357, -0.12047358602285385, -0.0507931262254715, -0.08433206379413605, 0.01301843486726284, -0.05380784347653389, -0.04772082716226578, -0.03909287974238396, 0.03416294604539871, 0.07860221713781357, 0.05232902243733406, 0.015648726373910904, 0.051086947321891785, -0.019006691873073578, -0.03121478483080864, 0.06273608654737473, 0.06780802458524704, -0.04561975225806236, -0.026028260588645935, 0.029813064262270927, 0.033568814396858215, 0.04543638974428177, -0.11236611753702164, -0.0479356087744236, 0.01975359581410885, -0.018989356234669685, -0.06768668442964554, -0.10319068282842636, 0.038221392780542374, 0.04418081417679787, 0.0354861356317997, 0.12587134540081024, 0.025328006595373154, 0.006220466922968626, 0.035869114100933075, 0.0048913499340415, 0.023492353036999702, 0.07962637394666672, 0.02930930256843567, 0.05697181075811386, 0.016118289902806282, -0.08472974598407745, 0.09728330373764038, 0.03172483667731285, -0.044494275003671646, 0.08766761422157288, 0.08824873715639114, -0.012829420156776905, 0.007912389002740383, 0.0013491051504388452, -0.053773801773786545, -0.03172488883137703, -0.08710458874702454, 0.002648440655320883, 0.0059818425215780735, -0.03762803599238396, 0.006580923218280077, 0.002266294788569212, -0.030595529824495316, 0.06633085757493973, -0.027063295245170593, -0.013707752339541912, 0.0016197095392271876, -0.03475787863135338, 0.005617551971226931, 0.029208732768893242, -0.1491614282131195, 0.09908325225114822, 0.033589933067560196, -0.01731208711862564, 0.003617820329964161, -0.0113269267603755, -0.02391926199197769, 0.07782754302024841, 0.12069986015558243, 0.02074434421956539, 0.07207059115171432, 0.036027710884809494, 0.10926182568073273, -0.09194841980934143, 0.03246009722352028, -0.0705343559384346, -0.05038200318813324, 9.857109715530215e-34, 0.08251924067735672, -0.008598796091973782, 0.003784129163250327, 0.018360214307904243, 0.02308359555900097, 0.02129790373146534, -0.03588147461414337, -0.03804479166865349, 0.055143456906080246, 0.006003896240144968, -0.020262334495782852, 0.04930303990840912, -0.024346008896827698, 0.04025036841630936, -0.07412641495466232, -0.03045707195997238, -0.07614101469516754, 0.09476930648088455, 0.005069826729595661, 0.026622051373124123, -0.04772680252790451, -0.032992444932460785, 0.009431008249521255, 0.0759887620806694, 0.007542992010712624, -0.028169529512524605, 0.0363457128405571, -0.014794532209634781, -0.04926973208785057, 0.03771480545401573, -0.08676374703645706, -0.0122838681563735, 0.011271542869508266, -0.07592500746250153, -0.0896499902009964, -0.050111908465623856, 0.022879164665937424, -0.007439466193318367, 0.0060226283967494965, -0.05761830136179924, -0.03032548725605011, 0.030522102490067482, 0.008840585127472878, 0.03585982695221901, 0.029632333666086197, -0.002989359200000763, -0.03693649172782898, -0.05738754943013191, 0.01663774810731411, 0.0538606122136116, -0.039159778505563736, -0.031032226979732513, 0.04267656058073044, -0.07445807009935379, -0.06469622999429703, -0.01200958527624607, -0.005107511766254902, -0.02372329868376255, -0.047118622809648514, 0.04280481114983559, 0.02841024287045002, 0.023356782272458076, -0.030997276306152344, -0.06517937034368515, 0.00030175005667842925, -0.0014721566112712026, -0.01390901766717434, -0.01984616555273533, -0.05649423226714134, 0.014709504321217537, -0.07859376817941666, 0.11630702018737793, -0.0075569539330899715, 0.03237836807966232, -0.002833831822499633, -0.07465297728776932, -0.036484427750110626, -0.09296713024377823, -0.11953138560056686, -0.0323033407330513, 0.0364510640501976, 0.039800405502319336, -0.06757164746522903, 0.003088815603405237, 0.050405509769916534, 0.03946901112794876, -0.05526602640748024, -0.06433813273906708, -0.03233681991696358, -0.006116241216659546, -0.057483453303575516, 0.026476440951228142, 0.13700734078884125, 0.08030775934457779, -0.04628302901983261, -2.556655213645358e-33, 0.004972008056938648, -0.01215528417378664, -0.04911980777978897, -0.06433790177106857, 0.060440052300691605, 0.004999283701181412, -0.007348965387791395, 0.026879185810685158, 0.0355708971619606, 0.08680277317762375, 0.04791451245546341, -0.09159630537033081, 0.04253098741173744, -0.0013591480674222112, -0.09586762636899948, 0.05938415229320526, -0.05316457524895668, -0.05693991482257843, -0.06847301125526428, 0.0007818008307367563, 0.059827763587236404, 0.0056366752833127975, 0.04326602444052696, 0.007746533025056124, 0.011534531600773335, 0.030902666971087456, -0.008818126283586025, 0.035593725740909576, 0.02147940918803215, -0.06408590823411942, 0.06307671219110489, 0.01562524400651455, 0.013241522014141083, 0.052481137216091156, 0.0786110907793045, -0.07104217261075974, -0.005465738009661436, -0.05730021372437477, -0.05171322822570801, -0.0077559188939630985, 0.07305227220058441, 0.08623462170362473, -0.01643623411655426, 0.02512402832508087, 0.012959573417901993, -0.005772254429757595, -0.02935188077390194, -0.046956486999988556, -0.025449953973293304, 0.07305728644132614, -0.0900091901421547, -0.03963647782802582, -0.06653530895709991, 0.07026324421167374, 0.03558101877570152, -0.07346508651971817, 0.012950867414474487, -0.03685091435909271, -0.13618139922618866, 0.061927057802677155, -0.006230430211871862, -0.006963805295526981, 0.003686868119984865, -0.02765769511461258, 0.07754389196634293, 0.0586368665099144, 0.06668607145547867, -0.006073547527194023, -0.009180561639368534, 0.07219696789979935, -0.006352523807436228, 0.05665560066699982, -0.013075112365186214, -0.052283234894275665, 0.02120797336101532, 0.049473006278276443, -0.03796350210905075, -0.10642512887716293, -0.11662320047616959, -0.02103698067367077, -0.0344504751265049, -0.0654260665178299, 0.03271384537220001, -0.03597065806388855, -0.018360670655965805, 0.017867732793092728, 0.06331396102905273, 0.060770951211452484, 0.0075637768022716045, -0.009998372755944729, -0.03396650776267052, 0.012428603135049343, -0.029401587322354317, 0.03636511042714119, 0.04708513244986534, -5.522977630789683e-8, -0.0286325141787529, -0.1260308176279068, 0.00834912620484829, 0.03449293226003647, 0.06236281245946884, -0.07758479565382004, -0.059569597244262695, -0.04359850659966469, -0.035643070936203, -0.03744075074791908, -0.011352402158081532, -0.02331826649606228, -0.031578052788972855, 0.038174521178007126, 0.055753499269485474, -0.07970662415027618, 0.0838308334350586, 0.10351753979921341, 0.07262153178453445, -0.02808421477675438, 0.0380902960896492, -0.008877046406269073, -0.022992806509137154, -0.02712181769311428, -0.007451674435287714, 0.015932094305753708, 0.018498599529266357, 0.03127334266901016, -0.05902194231748581, -0.0344313345849514, 0.13391225039958954, 0.040835656225681305, 0.03093324415385723, -0.009896758943796158, -0.11535147577524185, -0.011324554681777954, 0.04761137440800667, -0.054897431284189224, -0.0009046860504895449, 0.0737774521112442, 0.04562917724251747, 0.04577285051345825, -0.0230440441519022, 0.04804946482181549, 0.005232464522123337, -0.05358603596687317, -0.03276371210813522, 0.025766896083950996, 0.019429706037044525, -0.06276213377714157, 0.06031912937760353, -0.01928495243191719, 0.05504412576556206, 0.06372414529323578, 0.03730849549174309, 0.05108409374952316, -0.008188115432858467, 0.01046181283891201, 0.017571520060300827, -0.01818210445344448, 0.024623848497867584, -0.07475961744785309, 0.02372848242521286, -0.015388456173241138 ]
dfulness, (c) mental health (including subsyndromal symptoms and general mental health), (d) work-related outcomes and (e) leadership-related outcomes. See table 1 and supplementary material S4 and S5 for detailed information on analyzed outcome domains and applied measurement instruments. Table 1. Outcome domains and subcategories based on constructs from primary studies. [NA=not applicable]. Main level outcome categories Subcategories a Original reported constructs Stress, Psychological NA General subject
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.832
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950097
[ 0.03676801919937134, 0.06139979884028435, 0.006765679456293583, 0.03689415380358696, 0.008750670589506626, -0.002183447126299143, -0.023319458588957787, -0.05291222780942917, 0.012373690493404865, -0.041585516184568405, -0.020928382873535156, -0.01726004295051098, -0.02287871390581131, 0.01660228706896305, 0.047669000923633575, -0.07004152983427048, -0.014883870258927345, 0.07505174726247787, -0.08437169343233109, -0.015599523670971394, 0.04953405261039734, 0.05419984087347984, 0.05044902488589287, 0.03241771459579468, -0.04114214703440666, -0.008848056197166443, 0.0010278583504259586, -0.012762771919369698, 0.015492689795792103, 0.018952351063489914, -0.024356599897146225, -0.015323891304433346, 0.011820686049759388, 0.02039910852909088, -0.013692748732864857, 0.019552357494831085, -0.022747201845049858, 0.036582160741090775, 0.0016906841192394495, 0.019615335389971733, -0.05119729042053223, 0.005247258581221104, 0.07685106992721558, -0.006959294434636831, -0.03360633924603462, -0.06148985028266907, -0.07507976144552231, -0.07129017263650894, -0.11996234953403473, -0.089386485517025, 0.03606666252017021, 0.015118750743567944, 0.027689101174473763, 0.0630713403224945, 0.024050824344158173, 0.042472753673791885, 0.005678731482475996, -0.0012316468637436628, -0.03525431081652641, 0.05563696473836899, 0.014979799278080463, -0.007716655265539885, -0.03255053609609604, -0.024495767429471016, 0.034024301916360855, 0.04601852968335152, -0.09805341064929962, 0.00611540861427784, -0.008400814607739449, -0.014944030903279781, -0.03716282173991203, -0.14197824895381927, -0.028186623007059097, 0.03865299001336098, 0.05222790315747261, -0.0072340830229222775, -0.003974092658609152, -0.05929352343082428, -0.0031342930160462856, 0.042544230818748474, 0.027005992829799652, 0.09704367816448212, 0.04498688876628876, 0.076570525765419, 0.020798079669475555, -0.034744396805763245, 0.0770963579416275, -0.0034708085004240274, -0.027083460241556168, 0.02099941112101078, 0.067579485476017, -0.06214359775185585, -0.07768435776233673, 0.017140675336122513, -0.051795411854982376, 0.004292826633900404, -0.09248141199350357, 0.024870317429304123, -0.03295622766017914, -0.030609648674726486, -0.009870207868516445, 0.009291657246649265, -0.04050051420927048, 0.0157958772033453, -0.033180106431245804, 0.010849055834114552, 0.04639345034956932, -0.038199931383132935, -0.046092040836811066, -0.07210780680179596, -0.11089528352022171, 0.004742137156426907, 0.006607613991945982, -0.07027698308229446, 0.033590443432331085, -0.0610482357442379, -0.08921395987272263, 0.045507390052080154, 0.015159467235207558, -0.05268455296754837, 0.0928666964173317, -0.03285996615886688, 0.13834692537784576, 0.013026008382439613, 0.0035790337715297937, -0.07266426831483841, -0.05508044362068176, 5.4728045177630034e-33, 0.06369303166866302, -0.04019979014992714, -0.019879989326000214, 0.09260368347167969, 0.024951625615358353, 0.03193744644522667, -0.025218943133950233, -0.05079566687345505, 0.08456243574619293, 0.001918284222483635, -0.0595826730132103, 0.03200838342308998, -0.015625612810254097, 0.023081516847014427, -0.042546890676021576, 0.0013079162454232574, -0.007458018139004707, 0.10547339171171188, -0.05081716179847717, 0.04137829691171646, 0.01865268126130104, 0.05343538895249367, 0.01687539741396904, 0.028815187513828278, -0.012165430933237076, -0.02427607588469982, 0.04824138805270195, -0.015256877057254314, -0.04230940714478493, 0.024611083790659904, -0.05252518504858017, 0.01835661754012108, 0.025917233899235725, -0.014652889221906662, -0.049402981996536255, 0.10974790900945663, -0.02885068953037262, 0.057205930352211, 0.07812182605266571, -0.07318530976772308, -0.05115535855293274, -0.00902586430311203, -0.00012093876284779981, 0.016956426203250885, 0.008134417235851288, 0.008344674482941628, -0.040997520089149475, -0.04198019206523895, 0.04595403000712395, 0.0606134757399559, -0.03276466950774193, -0.010022066533565521, 0.10304906964302063, -0.07455479353666306, -0.0410885214805603, -0.008708939887583256, 0.06154952943325043, 0.003928102552890778, -0.03245922178030014, 0.0044271196238696575, -0.0277278870344162, -0.025793423876166344, -0.13129913806915283, -0.04705697298049927, 0.03485061228275299, -0.034249480813741684, -0.01393437385559082, -0.1340571641921997, 0.022282466292381287, -0.03855488449335098, -0.05843003839254379, 0.06564446538686752, 0.027045371010899544, 0.05616084858775139, -0.02539912983775139, -0.020736951380968094, -0.04940488189458847, -0.0020860580261796713, -0.023776475340127945, -0.03831726312637329, -0.029446613043546677, 0.0336659736931324, -0.05186576768755913, -0.007664734032005072, 0.06541451066732407, 0.001383485971018672, -0.031331125646829605, -0.03572806715965271, -0.07085224986076355, 0.06793010979890823, -0.001343287294730544, 0.026014156639575958, 0.13135281205177307, 0.10747773200273514, 0.001855242531746626, -5.762758566492552e-33, 0.0004030726267956197, 0.01991531439125538, -0.08176881074905396, -0.05574766546487808, 0.09729533642530441, 0.07991521805524826, 0.02479247935116291, -0.08658643811941147, 0.0023896319326013327, 0.042572036385536194, 0.058748092502355576, 0.002049647504463792, -0.025869889184832573, 0.0709264874458313, -0.01876593381166458, 0.030852196738123894, -0.004978975281119347, -0.038615792989730835, -0.06243734061717987, -0.00888380128890276, 0.02879505790770054, 0.042155567556619644, -0.01394682563841343, 0.04197818040847778, 0.010634572245180607, 0.011678965762257576, 0.03835754469037056, 0.02810744196176529, 0.038117118179798126, -0.06301113963127136, 0.08831307291984558, 0.03539980947971344, 0.0036480671260505915, 0.08580614626407623, 0.0508064441382885, -0.066762775182724, 0.06555119901895523, -0.0933983251452446, -0.0787687823176384, -0.022076550871133804, 0.04821194335818291, 0.049039244651794434, 0.016391150653362274, 0.006220683921128511, 0.051730938255786896, -0.007796050049364567, 0.044990722090005875, -0.015797201544046402, -0.04172825813293457, -0.01882675662636757, 0.015696581453084946, -0.05377369374036789, -0.03345803543925285, 0.08505544811487198, 0.11263147741556168, -0.027489354833960533, -0.029880614951252937, -0.10147469490766525, -0.10285555571317673, 0.06306901574134827, 0.0010262338910251856, 0.06842651963233948, 0.0073760091327130795, -0.008237460628151894, -0.026891646906733513, -0.007323274854570627, 0.024127066135406494, 0.005270582623779774, -0.06866861134767532, 0.07625656574964523, -0.03846697509288788, -0.02778550609946251, -0.015556873753666878, -0.08708146959543228, -0.042781978845596313, -0.03772507235407829, -0.05273723229765892, -0.020840143784880638, -0.05742445960640907, 0.01113428920507431, -0.044958554208278656, -0.060620423406362534, 0.008200111798942089, -0.032759346067905426, -0.057082630693912506, -0.006740424782037735, 0.07824035733938217, 0.060070425271987915, 0.03366956114768982, 0.039847325533628464, -0.10524947941303253, -0.06140131130814552, -0.05610005930066109, -0.0284920372068882, 0.02823738381266594, -4.989155044654581e-8, -0.008501289412379265, -0.07630419731140137, -0.005415772087872028, -0.04995516687631607, -0.053965117782354355, 0.017818035557866096, 0.010905586183071136, 0.021863022819161415, -0.045262034982442856, 0.09409793466329575, -0.030031125992536545, -0.032686877995729446, -0.04176466912031174, 0.030700955539941788, 0.027523603290319443, -0.07269846647977829, 0.13624750077724457, 0.10156793892383575, 0.028208645060658455, -0.0760907232761383, 0.05241084471344948, 0.042003750801086426, -0.05421733856201172, -0.1073765680193901, -0.05559815093874931, 0.007326633669435978, -0.032118428498506546, 0.09541257470846176, -0.018305620178580284, -0.02183903567492962, 0.10845879465341568, 0.057232968509197235, 0.007458932232111692, -0.01039144303649664, 0.0023405710235238075, -0.04366499185562134, 0.017160698771476746, -0.0227933581918478, 0.06601746380329132, 0.06426544487476349, 0.04802825674414635, 0.07424602657556534, 0.03483118116855621, 0.11155335605144501, 0.026570899412035942, -0.07302558422088623, -0.07808688282966614, 0.08117357641458511, -0.018962377682328224, -0.03209258243441582, 0.03386276215314865, 0.04788611829280853, -0.0038951076567173004, -0.0011514986399561167, -0.037561263889074326, 0.08292559534311295, 0.03592592105269432, 0.038633815944194794, -0.060520920902490616, -0.07409290969371796, 0.13026024401187897, 0.008044707588851452, -0.012474628165364265, 0.01673908159136772 ]
onstructs Stress, Psychological NA General subjective stress b Secondary Traumatic Stress Stress Stress in general b Stress reactivity Job stress Effort–reward ratio Irritation Work-related stress Work-stress Perceived stress Perceived stress Mindfulness NA Mindfulness Leaders’ mindfulness Trait mindfulness Mental health Subsyndromal symptoms Anxiety Burnout Depression Depressive symptoms Negative effect State anxiety b State or current anxiety Symptoms of depression and anxiety b Trait anxiety b Trait or d
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.684
["leadership", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950118
[ 0.060316696763038635, 0.029332686215639114, 0.012105408124625683, 0.03728953003883362, 0.0986204668879509, 0.08283433318138123, 0.08577138185501099, -0.04044726863503456, -0.03762556239962578, -0.009064394980669022, 0.027648022398352623, -0.05807649344205856, -0.007641700096428394, 0.02966175600886345, 0.02716628462076187, -0.008886856958270073, -0.019722502678632736, 0.022602243348956108, -0.10410887002944946, -0.05225939676165581, 0.01803443394601345, -0.0060475049540400505, -0.04488454386591911, 0.02953893505036831, -0.0690523236989975, 0.07213224470615387, -0.031509000808000565, 0.028515223413705826, 0.057830579578876495, -0.007615384180098772, -0.07075082510709763, -0.003936139401048422, 0.014410576783120632, 0.009565742686390877, 0.04369499906897545, -0.05658528581261635, -0.03334199637174606, 0.043950676918029785, 0.07013215869665146, -0.015646429732441902, -0.1037449985742569, -0.03925488889217377, 0.04499229043722153, -0.07773084193468094, 0.0036471388302743435, -0.018037302419543266, -0.053907010704278946, -0.08910898864269257, -0.050981294363737106, -0.02122114785015583, -0.012134423479437828, -0.01748036965727806, -0.03966942057013512, 0.019992319867014885, 0.10591757297515869, -0.03225060552358627, -0.0040465365163981915, 0.02709469012916088, -0.03239681199193001, 0.08373801410198212, -0.019149236381053925, 0.025259319692850113, -0.02343425154685974, 0.0110354358330369, 0.008021998219192028, 0.02883951924741268, -0.07178233563899994, 0.07681360840797424, 0.0047439150512218475, -0.020410895347595215, -0.060810308903455734, -0.12561003863811493, 0.003211192786693573, -0.06539660692214966, 0.037505485117435455, 0.03883080929517746, -0.002281682565808296, -0.04304668679833412, -0.05571199208498001, 0.024641916155815125, -0.020697958767414093, 0.06030561029911041, 0.055606432259082794, 0.05026610195636749, -0.024354537948966026, -0.07522933185100555, 0.03234485909342766, 0.028728537261486053, -0.01691300980746746, 0.06440908461809158, 0.08887200057506561, -0.011668437160551548, -0.015819920226931572, -0.005804384592920542, 0.03805580362677574, 0.03819159045815468, -0.13363029062747955, 0.0733635425567627, -0.06025966629385948, -0.07531731575727463, 0.056042734533548355, -0.05886182188987732, -0.03751711547374725, 0.03229023143649101, -0.0606025792658329, -0.006994734052568674, 0.029468026012182236, -0.0935826376080513, 0.016609566286206245, -0.035621289163827896, -0.0814426839351654, 0.04095569625496864, -0.03923925757408142, -0.11321255564689636, 0.02791823260486126, 0.04580221325159073, -0.03064289689064026, 0.0758141353726387, 0.024571895599365234, -0.01805802993476391, 0.036894623190164566, 0.022222839295864105, 0.0670774057507515, -0.0299590565264225, -0.009761909954249859, -0.09085007011890411, -0.09318577498197556, 1.402127163735329e-32, 0.11170372366905212, -0.015199415385723114, -0.021861733868718147, 0.0422351136803627, 0.027678977698087692, 0.015485119074583054, -0.0010725626489147544, 0.04031645134091377, 0.03997153788805008, -0.034700196236371994, -0.02410421147942543, 0.03517663851380348, -0.026418015360832214, -0.0017296606674790382, -0.06701688468456268, 0.00484815239906311, 0.006882811896502972, 0.04517834633588791, -0.0333765372633934, 0.032475411891937256, 0.03393242508172989, 0.0676535964012146, 0.028867220506072044, 0.049146637320518494, 0.0002681557380128652, -0.024279486387968063, 0.08583042025566101, -0.036914411932229996, -0.07152765989303589, 0.029156958684325218, -0.05659595504403114, -0.004445874597877264, 0.03185182064771652, -0.01900937594473362, -0.04838111624121666, 0.06556933373212814, -0.02484862692654133, 0.04302070662379265, 0.031141936779022217, -0.09619621932506561, 0.012219295836985111, 0.010816719383001328, -0.026927713304758072, 0.09131419658660889, 0.028496654704213142, -0.0005301517085172236, 0.013088005594909191, -0.0656624510884285, 0.03422285616397858, 0.04727873578667641, -0.02497713454067707, 0.010804005898535252, 0.08067543804645538, 0.0001511446898803115, -0.04342494159936905, 0.03173607215285301, 0.0046389903873205185, 0.028395742177963257, 0.009998947381973267, 0.04928668588399887, -0.05400232598185539, -0.02768016792833805, -0.03971630334854126, -0.09398119896650314, 0.015126335434615612, -0.04217897355556488, -0.04107408598065376, -0.03770865127444267, -0.03403911367058754, 0.001142580178566277, -0.03192579001188278, 0.06394302845001221, 0.06470739841461182, -0.005116943269968033, 0.0034676161594688892, 0.0023161787539720535, -0.03664521127939224, 0.010766781866550446, -0.0705922544002533, -0.015165986493229866, -0.07143772393465042, -0.023319795727729797, 0.012520013377070427, -0.004539268556982279, -0.03181329742074013, 0.001561362179927528, -0.0031470307148993015, -0.049197375774383545, -0.011048786342144012, 0.05387532711029053, 0.04751945286989212, 0.02845301292836666, 0.14813177287578583, 0.0853559821844101, -0.06179993227124214, -1.2055847286830333e-32, 0.010700728744268417, 0.0007592702168039978, -0.08379637449979782, -0.0023137519601732492, 0.04726758599281311, 0.04271409660577774, 0.037092871963977814, -0.025741392746567726, 0.0061805094592273235, 0.08513554185628891, -0.0008248088415712118, -0.006261713802814484, -0.047335539013147354, 0.042093608528375626, -0.12207944691181183, -0.02655460499227047, -0.022636430338025093, 0.008721789345145226, -0.042008984833955765, -0.004562661051750183, 0.004171326290816069, 0.03687276691198349, -0.029802849516272545, 0.016878386959433556, 0.021751711145043373, 0.06617914140224457, -0.04140397906303406, -0.029166607186198235, 0.07788614928722382, -0.005204177461564541, 0.030228454619646072, 0.05522017553448677, -0.040806908160448074, 0.1384219527244568, 0.04001263901591301, -0.029198404401540756, 0.010281289927661419, -0.11148907989263535, -0.07203946262598038, 0.046269796788692474, 0.03653295338153839, 0.12190678715705872, 0.03734186664223671, -0.0285615436732769, 0.06667888909578323, -0.04267435148358345, 0.0038346205838024616, -0.08800707757472992, -0.049942295998334885, 0.012465083040297031, 0.007270723581314087, -0.02354760840535164, -0.09284862875938416, 0.06418761610984802, 0.10005662590265274, -0.04948950931429863, -0.04014129936695099, -0.06737224012613297, -0.09026698023080826, 0.04275529459118843, -0.023912740871310234, -0.03285137191414833, 0.03515348583459854, 0.019053561612963676, -0.00685201957821846, -0.055724114179611206, 0.005433280020952225, 0.007746548857539892, -0.09175121039152145, 0.06275023519992828, -0.05525263771414757, 0.03380744159221649, -0.0032613221555948257, -0.014313864521682262, -0.03219461068511009, 0.038310665637254715, -0.029259704053401947, -0.016120992600917816, -0.029952529817819595, 0.00004221295239403844, -0.001232833368703723, -0.03726823627948761, 0.015108461491763592, 0.010876374319195747, -0.08012299239635468, 0.061674896627664566, 0.09091417491436005, 0.157995343208313, 0.012913275510072708, -0.05962136387825012, -0.056579288095235825, 0.0013213087804615498, -0.014186988584697247, 0.020851541310548782, 0.0352492518723011, -4.5187480424147e-8, -0.08273608237504959, -0.10253260284662247, -0.02174380049109459, -0.014575490728020668, 0.004849173594266176, -0.024109376594424248, 0.007915571331977844, 0.02490256354212761, -0.03503686934709549, 0.009462718851864338, 0.008906353265047073, -0.022927304729819298, -0.13694138824939728, -0.017509033903479576, -0.006817484740167856, -0.06972034275531769, 0.05852502956986427, -0.015425341203808784, 0.07145162671804428, -0.04825437813997269, 0.03863012418150902, 0.011347110383212566, -0.08537402004003525, 0.06594182550907135, -0.0646873340010643, 0.030445706099271774, -0.03612108156085014, 0.05054793506860733, 0.008070763200521469, 0.015366686508059502, 0.05028735101222992, 0.0005855577765032649, 0.010543793439865112, -0.061731912195682526, 0.040322206914424896, 0.04895336180925369, 0.0030553245451301336, -0.041611846536397934, 0.030033273622393608, 0.09273883700370789, 0.0243277158588171, 0.023573361337184906, 0.021004589274525642, 0.0840509757399559, 0.0214178878813982, -0.1440715491771698, -0.08133116364479065, 0.03222358599305153, -0.08463446795940399, -0.08009839802980423, 0.11588887870311737, 0.011127921752631664, -0.001484299311414361, 0.027283497154712677, -0.02323565073311329, 0.03707120195031166, 0.02233470417559147, 0.056611813604831696, -0.010269880294799805, -0.03871571272611618, 0.10745513439178467, 0.02412567101418972, -0.0663541629910469, 0.08483096212148666 ]
epression and anxiety b Trait anxiety b Trait or dispositional anxiety General mental health Emotional distress General mental health Symptoms of distress Psychological distress Work-related outcomes NA Career satisfaction General work performance Global job satisfaction Job satisfaction Job performance b Non-specific sickness absence days Lost productive time (absenteeism days) b Sickness absence Presenteeism b Leadership-related outcomes NA Abusive leadership Authentic leadership Health promoting self-car
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.678
["leadership", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950138
[ 0.06194312870502472, 0.054102957248687744, 0.019052855670452118, 0.06821625679731369, 0.0128789022564888, 0.0968165248632431, 0.08753751218318939, -0.07283121347427368, -0.04842805117368698, -0.09451428800821304, 0.021275445818901062, -0.0552808940410614, 0.009862310253083706, -0.07127011567354202, 0.013114489614963531, -0.008833679370582104, -0.06018949672579765, -0.00296499440446496, -0.07673752307891846, -0.012974699959158897, -0.06154056638479233, -0.0069716679863631725, -0.06426715105772018, 0.05139966681599617, -0.07097136229276657, 0.0073448666371405125, 0.0011822052765637636, 0.015136636793613434, 0.07204028964042664, -0.07939347624778748, 0.0007589413435198367, -0.004248564597219229, 0.029408173635601997, 0.04416168853640556, 0.06320955604314804, -0.01879570074379444, 0.021798033267259598, 0.042973753064870834, 0.030479589477181435, -0.05209251493215561, -0.027955038473010063, -0.05152580887079239, 0.053115084767341614, -0.007010384928435087, -0.014776167459785938, -0.06931781023740768, -0.0021997871808707714, -0.0439155250787735, -0.04572763666510582, -0.059011310338974, 0.01910596527159214, -0.04407573863863945, -0.002604558365419507, -0.013194229453802109, 0.09585750848054886, 0.003226426662877202, -0.03477533534169197, -0.006186538841575384, -0.048617903143167496, 0.10328853875398636, 0.004898493178188801, 0.024416273459792137, -0.03779452294111252, 0.005636526271700859, -0.0014206150081008673, 0.017566291615366936, -0.07304433733224869, 0.0038877606857568026, 0.018134742975234985, -0.046445321291685104, -0.04799250140786171, -0.1890028715133667, -0.07840225100517273, 0.035545606166124344, 0.03864573314785957, 0.01438587810844183, 0.007661515846848488, -0.01683179661631584, -0.010957790538668633, 0.07694203406572342, -0.008127772249281406, 0.050958290696144104, 0.016313686966896057, 0.10567709058523178, -0.03002156876027584, -0.055865008383989334, -0.02178349159657955, 0.037057727575302124, -0.011835969053208828, 0.052921902388334274, 0.07250328361988068, -0.04508160799741745, -0.009514279663562775, 0.022790657356381416, -0.019686633720993996, -0.014045602641999722, -0.06374076753854752, 0.032866477966308594, 0.01706705428659916, -0.006970275193452835, 0.04592787101864815, -0.0327652283012867, -0.03533013537526131, 0.12279388308525085, -0.09561388194561005, -0.009109921753406525, 0.06654198467731476, -0.027432063594460487, -0.06429754197597504, -0.07286500185728073, -0.11873628944158554, 0.0028407620266079903, -0.0180753692984581, -0.1119130551815033, 0.021064938977360725, -0.008431629277765751, -0.10468348860740662, 0.0871674194931984, -0.020529424771666527, 0.023580145090818405, 0.05635702982544899, 0.033817559480667114, 0.06274568289518356, 0.014032742008566856, -0.013773739337921143, -0.04175656661391258, -0.06943710893392563, 1.172378703045433e-32, 0.1066255122423172, -0.02274905890226364, 0.014398672617971897, 0.09553302824497223, 0.027849486097693443, 0.07902167737483978, 0.0672171339392662, -0.0019206585129722953, 0.1050681471824646, -0.0033658468164503574, -0.052120041102170944, 0.03793466463685036, 0.007224955130368471, -0.014929545111954212, -0.06910275667905807, 0.0428348109126091, 0.012428834103047848, 0.05061113461852074, -0.05865665152668953, 0.023340795189142227, 0.044501595199108124, 0.033726584166288376, -0.02883179485797882, 0.03135870397090912, 0.0370982363820076, -0.023221217095851898, 0.05132799223065376, -0.03430304303765297, -0.007094472646713257, 0.05002845451235771, -0.05380195006728172, 0.005715752020478249, -0.026996944099664688, -0.03048759698867798, -0.041058678179979324, 0.035098034888505936, -0.05484117940068245, 0.03834218531847, 0.01976376585662365, -0.09933263808488846, -0.0022194148041307926, -0.05002941936254501, -0.01049512717872858, 0.04728870466351509, 0.027069399133324623, -0.044283535331487656, 0.011760313995182514, -0.08812421560287476, 0.023177461698651314, 0.062038637697696686, -0.022541996091604233, 0.015980159863829613, 0.10388298332691193, 0.02925979159772396, -0.017429474741220474, 0.02495911344885826, 0.0341741181910038, 0.021944481879472733, -0.06720400601625443, 0.012482072226703167, -0.029940256848931313, 0.05922582373023033, -0.12196703255176544, -0.07927735894918442, 0.02504991553723812, -0.014124470762908459, 0.002940316451713443, -0.10508816689252853, 0.014905230142176151, 0.03712914511561394, 0.03690414875745773, -0.005228925030678511, 0.030472487211227417, -0.015003600157797337, -0.008644930087029934, -0.013375513255596161, -0.07785482704639435, 0.021282101050019264, -0.003817926160991192, -0.017306728288531303, -0.08404906094074249, -0.03990417346358299, 0.07101220637559891, -0.00865977257490158, 0.05927496403455734, 0.013982788659632206, 0.041348543018102646, -0.0037305024452507496, 0.02931864559650421, 0.12645773589611053, 0.08672279119491577, 0.019697964191436768, 0.10133958607912064, 0.06690800935029984, -0.06561267375946045, -9.932667921007179e-33, 0.05627758428454399, -0.011244202964007854, -0.053552690893411636, -0.041068099439144135, 0.0516580231487751, 0.06488452106714249, 0.06964024901390076, 0.0003282170800957829, -0.003826343920081854, 0.044289905577898026, 0.011233641766011715, 0.03307501971721649, -0.014959248714148998, 0.03528954088687897, -0.05953432247042656, 0.0031644515693187714, 0.04518183693289757, -0.03870953246951103, -0.042840175330638885, 0.018935028463602066, -0.03226546570658684, 0.037067316472530365, 0.009201469831168652, 0.0197000689804554, 0.014760906808078289, 0.005662720650434494, -0.014639359898865223, -0.0066107469610869884, 0.024391576647758484, -0.03458970785140991, 0.034540724009275436, 0.04050729051232338, -0.03050214983522892, 0.11265165358781815, -0.00885762833058834, -0.09000971168279648, -0.026209332048892975, -0.13144314289093018, -0.06106865033507347, 0.03596208244562149, -0.002107406035065651, 0.0782376378774643, 0.0681152269244194, -0.01498460303992033, 0.06557769328355789, 0.0020593490917235613, 0.008731447160243988, -0.09016977995634079, -0.0014362820656970143, 0.02482626400887966, -0.005810572765767574, 0.015045627020299435, -0.04982331767678261, 0.11447259783744812, 0.044891566038131714, -0.08876952528953552, -0.05942131206393242, -0.09894295781850815, -0.15446220338344574, 0.08219029009342194, 0.030618004500865936, -0.020800720900297165, -0.009986434131860733, -0.0013926458777859807, -0.013023952022194862, -0.11172736436128616, -0.005758778657764196, -0.013542336411774158, -0.03855520114302635, -0.002894058357924223, -0.0703606829047203, -0.06805122643709183, 0.04314945638179779, -0.018504416570067406, -0.04389379546046257, 0.022189516574144363, -0.06642763316631317, -0.018746482208371162, -0.016780976206064224, -0.06539741158485413, -0.050091519951820374, 0.0074105653911828995, 0.017899606376886368, 0.015130571089684963, -0.05649976059794426, 0.0448077954351902, 0.04385727643966675, 0.09692563116550446, 0.08406146615743637, -0.010830549523234367, -0.007776023354381323, 0.014801178127527237, -0.025744294747710228, 0.008437258191406727, 0.0590432770550251, -4.1335951550536265e-8, -0.024335794150829315, -0.03393372893333435, -0.007629807572811842, -0.05674062296748161, 0.0020488854497671127, 0.011257722042500973, -0.028076767921447754, -0.04271916300058365, 0.007544992957264185, -0.005904683843255043, -0.018224455416202545, -0.04314421862363815, -0.08981554955244064, 0.007354030851274729, 0.017938416451215744, -0.0598219558596611, 0.08656790852546692, 0.028566859662532806, 0.048086293041706085, -0.05631931871175766, 0.034708596765995026, 0.044560756534338, -0.04599442332983017, 0.014940786175429821, -0.04612831771373749, 0.04137333855032921, -0.10093577951192856, 0.02079623006284237, 0.013081112876534462, -0.012215416878461838, 0.06193382665514946, 0.0309122446924448, 0.03931475430727005, -0.054552994668483734, 0.03349165990948677, 0.04450198635458946, 0.03326628357172012, -0.07277970016002655, -0.003350998740643263, 0.04094823822379112, 0.061062589287757874, 0.09254451841115952, -0.00132151716388762, 0.0518166683614254, 0.01799784228205681, -0.0967295840382576, -0.03479421138763428, 0.03715251758694649, -0.0358315035700798, -0.10792051255702972, 0.09996750205755234, 0.029241491109132767, -0.007744216360151768, -0.007007352542132139, 0.0007296463008970022, 0.032083652913570404, 0.0008495922666043043, 0.03647233918309212, -0.01658058539032936, -0.04992695897817612, 0.09636811167001724, 0.006954657379537821, -0.04917611554265022, 0.023112352937459946 ]
supplementary table S7 for detailed information. When a study presented more than one measure (including more than one follow-up measurement) per outcome, we calculated the weighted mean and pooled standard deviation (SD), according to Cohen ( 38 ) and displayed in equations ( 1 ) and ( 2 ): M p o o l e d = M 1 * n 1 + M 2 * n 2 n 1 + n 2 (1) S D p o o l e d = ( n 1 - 1 ) * S D 1 2 + ( n 2 - 1 ) * S D 2 2 n 1 + n 2 - 2 (2) If both self- and follower-reported data were available, we prioritized the inclusio
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.702
[]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950159
[ 0.03386016562581062, -0.00977366790175438, 0.023031672462821007, 0.03636200726032257, -0.006126559805124998, 0.030761219561100006, -0.062381207942962646, 0.1072453185915947, 0.0429743230342865, -0.01116536371409893, -0.000307423179037869, -0.020929578691720963, 0.03137097880244255, -0.05817567557096481, -0.03914390131831169, -0.03516720235347748, 0.04635966941714287, 0.04139126464724541, -0.06649681180715561, -0.005635418929159641, -0.006441743113100529, -0.003912489395588636, 0.0781031921505928, 0.05393442139029503, 0.06966306269168854, 0.0012720091035589576, -0.07902000844478607, -0.01360576506704092, 0.0455886647105217, -0.026555761694908142, -0.009304732084274292, 0.01090047787874937, 0.10509703308343887, 0.018226010724902153, -0.11406222730875015, -0.0928545892238617, 0.03139697387814522, 0.02580896019935608, -0.0788593664765358, 0.02971819043159485, -0.05165838450193405, 0.03264571353793144, 0.07548611611127853, -0.01157220546156168, -0.0976560115814209, 0.014313819818198681, -0.052110958844423294, -0.06227525323629379, -0.1191684678196907, 0.09198469668626785, -0.023723676800727844, 0.04069582372903824, -0.013822244480252266, 0.08195679634809494, 0.0647088810801506, 0.0387122668325901, -0.04840821400284767, -0.053125593811273575, -0.012481069192290306, 0.02788415178656578, 0.04039624705910683, -0.06884586811065674, -0.0029112924821674824, 0.03507363796234131, 0.10202472656965256, 0.0640140250325203, -0.0025103739462792873, -0.0043438454158604145, 0.004254473838955164, 0.011659662239253521, 0.0358208566904068, 0.006676016841083765, -0.07813169807195663, 0.0031561865471303463, 0.049628835171461105, 0.010148451663553715, -0.0660913810133934, -0.014628850854933262, 0.01863010972738266, -0.005773412995040417, -0.043959759175777435, 0.0877271220088005, 0.0034651204477995634, 0.04564310237765312, 0.1152067705988884, -0.013000981882214546, 0.034000035375356674, 0.008627046830952168, -0.048603810369968414, 0.0290687158703804, 0.011725828051567078, -0.026721162721514702, -0.09941521286964417, 0.026461290195584297, -0.07652019709348679, 0.04007089510560036, -0.038322340697050095, -0.06309695541858673, 0.022698162123560905, 0.006141297053545713, 0.06102188676595688, 0.10959292948246002, -0.010788586921989918, 0.08627647906541824, 0.017417816445231438, -0.05882137268781662, 0.03941397741436958, -0.034868210554122925, 0.0030296985059976578, -0.05743706226348877, 0.018053492531180382, -0.015170006081461906, 0.014365551993250847, -0.010512282140552998, 0.019750921055674553, -0.012549563311040401, 0.025473155081272125, 0.12808631360530853, 0.07228285074234009, 0.01768174022436142, 0.00011450364399934188, -0.021340711042284966, 0.013145149685442448, 0.011720574460923672, 0.02320794388651848, 0.013745061121881008, -0.05146186426281929, 1.2515160684154603e-32, 0.029154829680919647, -0.10215308517217636, 0.05840478837490082, -0.04077829420566559, -0.002632227260619402, -0.013195814564824104, -0.019185194745659828, -0.021825972944498062, 0.023751329630613327, -0.06002330407500267, 0.006383941043168306, 0.048718780279159546, -0.020886555314064026, 0.030588455498218536, -0.022339461371302605, 0.03713300824165344, -0.004011739511042833, 0.07533163577318192, 0.019879627972841263, -0.024653617292642593, 0.06700342148542404, -0.03425200283527374, -0.01577489823102951, 0.01172606274485588, 0.06900988519191742, -0.02951437048614025, -0.00002121991929016076, 0.0033598721493035555, -0.019844304770231247, 0.012459361925721169, -0.008097856305539608, 0.0027265255339443684, -0.03727642446756363, -0.05217139422893524, -0.05237528309226036, -0.009877939708530903, 0.0035295074339956045, 0.026517944410443306, 0.023741064593195915, 0.011757126078009605, 0.014500646851956844, 0.05093079432845116, -0.00047133659245446324, -0.0860506221652031, -0.09530427306890488, -0.06493990123271942, -0.07890428602695465, 0.02072201855480671, 0.01730021834373474, -0.002552188467234373, -0.0728859156370163, -0.011087628081440926, 0.0359153226017952, -0.004754813853651285, -0.01672101765871048, 0.06397614628076553, -0.05693068727850914, -0.012121685780584812, -0.020039107650518417, 0.03264261782169342, 0.0011964573059231043, 0.08277101814746857, -0.013171635568141937, 0.028128812089562416, 0.04965675622224808, 0.12639306485652924, -0.06125940755009651, -0.05359746515750885, 0.029076293110847473, -0.05089758336544037, -0.07802674174308777, 0.008085891604423523, -0.13774937391281128, -0.038069434463977814, -0.011379536241292953, -0.03775251656770706, 0.02723071537911892, -0.05756974592804909, 0.06855159997940063, -0.03443470224738121, 0.06141277030110359, 0.04780834913253784, -0.040119949728250504, -0.03377549350261688, -0.07133092731237411, 0.05969361215829849, 0.03184540197253227, -0.10810868442058563, -0.06552103161811829, -0.030732378363609314, 0.041689373552799225, -0.007913528941571712, 0.0047631943598389626, 0.04863813519477844, -0.11711158603429794, -1.1557726412881604e-32, -0.09699494391679764, 0.0177324078977108, 0.03625793382525444, 0.012111712247133255, 0.08195186406373978, 0.01557785365730524, -0.0011017400538548827, -0.10284489393234253, 0.023359157145023346, 0.01259551290422678, -0.050727568566799164, -0.05278388038277626, -0.013209863565862179, 0.023566478863358498, 0.0037379497662186623, 0.016861462965607643, 0.047011978924274445, -0.008187922649085522, -0.015287049114704132, -0.029719460755586624, 0.06894809007644653, 0.06972900032997131, 0.015137859620153904, 0.04658035561442375, -0.031940706074237823, -0.01164400763809681, -0.004707105923444033, -0.016396604478359222, -0.04070126637816429, -0.10998261719942093, 0.03418176248669624, -0.10172576457262039, -0.012371731922030449, -0.015315918251872063, -0.015098887495696545, -0.01627112366259098, 0.0009889667853713036, 0.022944651544094086, -0.025881391018629074, 0.025889001786708832, -0.012541007250547409, 0.040358904749155045, -0.033383600413799286, -0.011094101704657078, 0.05243435502052307, -0.01708403415977955, 0.022299107164144516, 0.005738094914704561, -0.011256893165409565, -0.01677202433347702, -0.07237725704908371, 0.03411566838622093, -0.032125234603881836, 0.06201731041073799, -0.0017844638787209988, -0.054590996354818344, 0.0561041422188282, -0.03228103369474411, -0.053795743733644485, -0.029159411787986755, 0.001261209836229682, 0.06912212073802948, -0.12814107537269592, -0.013615229167044163, 0.011417730711400509, 0.017722181975841522, 0.02885446511209011, -0.0850110650062561, -0.026987992227077484, -0.011139536276459694, -0.08032393455505371, -0.043418820947408676, 0.0319630429148674, -0.09163182973861694, 0.0941988080739975, -0.030818598344922066, -0.048288535326719284, -0.007888326421380043, -0.038763921707868576, 0.06599868834018707, -0.10867062956094742, -0.023333849385380745, 0.049041975289583206, -0.06641092151403427, -0.009545205160975456, 0.01468202006071806, 0.11024140566587448, -0.02214629575610161, 0.009018016047775745, 0.07728972285985947, -0.04799135774374008, 0.01669904962182045, -0.04796932637691498, -0.01679050922393799, -0.0065122246742248535, -6.620465597961811e-8, 0.049277257174253464, -0.06172604858875275, 0.006857471074908972, 0.09160482883453369, 0.036149270832538605, -0.017059238627552986, -0.02042313851416111, 0.052994340658187866, -0.11274528503417969, -0.02767954207956791, 0.07654930651187897, -0.013255370780825615, -0.05999846011400223, 0.03787738084793091, 0.0008183273021131754, 0.006283131428062916, 0.08964483439922333, 0.02497396618127823, -0.03489531949162483, -0.047844093292951584, 0.01149174477905035, -0.022898484021425247, 0.00877689104527235, -0.06128452345728874, 0.0004928058478981256, 0.059550102800130844, 0.0075129312463104725, 0.02897614799439907, 0.0020314850844442844, -0.006035857833921909, 0.06325849890708923, -0.029882987961173058, 0.04132402688264847, -0.04536477476358414, 0.049658436328172684, 0.027447247877717018, 0.027497967705130577, 0.059935081750154495, 0.013617163524031639, 0.07833367586135864, -0.0186412762850523, 0.0570591576397419, 0.11459110677242279, 0.13478434085845947, 0.09917552769184113, -0.0448361299932003, -0.09479198604822159, 0.003580663586035371, -0.024299779906868935, -0.0992773026227951, 0.09756921976804733, -0.11952390521764755, 0.039993759244680405, 0.07575366646051407, 0.04695966839790344, 0.10942893475294113, 0.07788030058145523, 0.0026584684383124113, -0.06059255823493004, -0.03231078013777733, 0.0952671617269516, -0.061958346515893936, -0.0561753511428833, 0.01736181415617466 ]
mized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) ( 40 ). Based on the overall risk of bias judgment, each domain of bias was rated as 'low RoB', 'moderate RoB' or 'serious RoB', 'critical RoB' or 'no information on RoB'. For the meta-analysis, we employed the RoB2 scheme, where a 'moderate RoB' in CBA is classified as 'some concern RoB', while 'serious' and 'critical RoB' were assigned as 'high RoB'. Detailed information on rating criteria for RoB assessment are presented in supplementary material S6.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.862
["decision_making"]
499
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950180
[ 0.08372749388217926, 0.030994556844234467, -0.07717625051736832, 0.014573389664292336, 0.050966765731573105, 0.0687546506524086, -0.022144200280308723, 0.13839787244796753, -0.028879543766379356, 0.05911923199892044, -0.0026426943950355053, 0.05656671151518822, 0.042457785457372665, 0.03419618681073189, -0.018011508509516716, 0.02425927110016346, 0.13287262618541718, -0.050228990614414215, -0.024655304849147797, 0.01820109412074089, 0.0001880735799204558, -0.00772951589897275, 0.12513592839241028, 0.029257038608193398, -0.0976661965250969, -0.02399647980928421, -0.04015642777085304, -0.022337183356285095, -0.0668509230017662, 0.0047716968692839146, -0.009477164596319199, 0.0830770879983902, 0.018143601715564728, -0.07433994859457016, -0.06193406879901886, 0.019630935043096542, 0.051567256450653076, 0.12145175039768219, 0.0037157279439270496, -0.026643119752407074, 0.007249004207551479, -0.046909675002098083, 0.03317975252866745, -0.07273294031620026, 0.07118359953165054, -0.07026088237762451, -0.05163969099521637, 0.04127713292837143, -0.06583674997091293, 0.045484792441129684, -0.06543238461017609, -0.02759244665503502, 0.002648021560162306, 0.07731369882822037, 0.0005745435482822359, 0.0028748430777341127, -0.015560858882963657, 0.0263264998793602, 0.08983668684959412, 0.009631900116801262, 0.005642579402774572, 0.005110046826303005, -0.06897016614675522, 0.04361286759376526, 0.03730098158121109, 0.06617917865514755, -0.06841175258159637, -0.028506876900792122, -0.025798168033361435, 0.007433686405420303, 0.031186142936348915, -0.08765117824077606, -0.05949271097779274, -0.04537783935666084, 0.05017313361167908, 0.036095645278692245, -0.06280457973480225, -0.0004038377373944968, 0.07662695646286011, -0.0702393427491188, -0.025882070884108543, 0.03667907044291496, -0.003906606696546078, -0.034567784518003464, -0.045272186398506165, -0.029483553022146225, 0.02455146610736847, -0.04736337810754776, -0.002294807927682996, 0.09638708829879761, 0.05658784508705139, 0.019012127071619034, -0.009365692734718323, -0.004286382347345352, -0.04703054577112198, -0.04319458454847336, -0.126684308052063, -0.03436318412423134, -0.04574139043688774, 0.08141463249921799, 0.046417031437158585, -0.005059455055743456, -0.06761987507343292, -0.06932829320430756, 0.00846072006970644, -0.06636641174554825, 0.06029438227415085, -0.060728710144758224, -0.020017582923173904, 0.04472855105996132, -0.03635949268937111, 0.0746239423751831, 0.05384097993373871, -0.02526172623038292, 0.06757834553718567, -0.015329922549426556, -0.04708193242549896, 0.09151604771614075, 0.047750283032655716, 0.024649085476994514, 0.0935259610414505, -0.015830958262085915, 0.059172771871089935, -0.027462752535939217, 0.0179250780493021, -0.05270657688379288, -0.05746991187334061, 7.958201447532507e-34, -0.0008188660722225904, -0.05098332092165947, 0.053017307072877884, 0.06757073104381561, 0.017401516437530518, -0.05738028511404991, -0.003048004349693656, -0.05185079574584961, 0.005961100570857525, -0.04823729023337364, 0.1207146942615509, 0.10203121602535248, 0.01441065315157175, 0.03601314499974251, 0.008190194144845009, 0.08327635377645493, -0.03222166746854782, 0.0445985347032547, -0.02795032598078251, 0.005360160488635302, 0.00585605762898922, 0.029240338131785393, 0.05016746744513512, 0.007309294305741787, -0.002603186760097742, -0.028542721644043922, 0.04143688082695007, -0.007057670503854752, 0.0291706882417202, 0.05458648502826691, -0.05876223370432854, 0.013619846664369106, 0.03487585857510567, -0.0735534280538559, -0.05120154470205307, 0.045944616198539734, -0.017756814137101173, -0.06024070084095001, -0.028305884450674057, -0.06286545097827911, -0.012524396181106567, -0.021836649626493454, 0.035046663135290146, -0.004453022964298725, -0.03715229779481888, -0.05311022698879242, 0.04222762957215309, -0.11253337562084198, -0.0478317067027092, 0.07918735593557358, -0.034203168004751205, -0.04736015945672989, -0.009117348119616508, -0.011419789865612984, -0.09284322708845139, 0.03843681514263153, -0.017720716074109077, 0.04433469846844673, 0.01683400385081768, -0.02922678552567959, 0.047811638563871384, 0.057976093143224716, -0.06987155228853226, -0.020618656650185585, -0.042450305074453354, -0.026589946821331978, -0.03963450342416763, -0.042852733284235, -0.002218159381300211, -0.04882492497563362, -0.06977447867393494, -0.005023623816668987, 0.03844205662608147, 0.043410081416368484, -0.0679100975394249, -0.08981671184301376, -0.005576896946877241, 0.019500192254781723, 0.03765985369682312, 0.015422669239342213, -0.021238408982753754, -0.009263859130442142, -0.07660128176212311, -0.03950319066643715, -0.03616740554571152, -0.04339667409658432, -0.03900151327252388, -0.014692751690745354, 0.018433887511491776, -0.020663481205701828, 0.028131525963544846, 0.010422608815133572, -0.0567997507750988, 0.08264248073101044, 0.003283604048192501, -3.543414579222519e-33, -0.052450042217969894, 0.005567477084696293, 0.06161001697182655, 0.05332862585783005, 0.05673515796661377, -0.023891374468803406, -0.03928278386592865, -0.17202815413475037, 0.051902253180742264, -0.027900103479623795, -0.07755690068006516, -0.06226643919944763, 0.012757934629917145, 0.005697606131434441, 0.05202590301632881, -0.07899440079927444, 0.009272393770515919, -0.07589501142501831, -0.04031626880168915, -0.014067336916923523, 0.1351282000541687, 0.049485042691230774, 0.11477043479681015, 0.06288459151983261, -0.027851855382323265, 0.02457711659371853, 0.0030111735686659813, -0.004694826900959015, -0.0009823580039665103, -0.00008517899550497532, 0.03963479772210121, 0.05292283371090889, -0.03628135472536087, -0.0037960601039230824, -0.03865531459450722, -0.029662294313311577, 0.015553891658782959, -0.05640493333339691, -0.04260460287332535, -0.014271759428083897, 0.024752074852585793, 0.010151883587241173, -0.037420131266117096, -0.039100561290979385, 0.03646623343229294, -0.044243063777685165, 0.062986359000206, -0.029684370383620262, 0.041822563856840134, 0.006382148712873459, -0.015757333487272263, 0.024077340960502625, 0.018279561772942543, 0.032275471836328506, 0.015955856069922447, -0.13252486288547516, 0.05020119994878769, -0.09930487722158432, 0.008961906656622887, 0.029715869575738907, 0.03542383760213852, 0.10603823512792587, -0.06896329671144485, 0.009230590425431728, 0.039844855666160583, -0.003480735933408141, -0.013134730979800224, -0.028662964701652527, -0.0146704763174057, 0.012062232941389084, 0.028824839740991592, 0.004769940860569477, 0.0019949425477534533, -0.07929474860429764, 0.06512850522994995, 0.02679794281721115, -0.03698185458779335, 0.0029696596320718527, -0.08459392935037613, -0.02046390064060688, 0.01161214616149664, 0.008269752375781536, 0.06654597818851471, -0.010077138431370258, -0.09319278597831726, 0.028901750221848488, -0.015258410945534706, 0.012121763080358505, -0.0011572306975722313, 0.046394333243370056, -0.03791610896587372, -0.017489179968833923, 0.03349822759628296, -0.034645695239305496, -0.05481348931789398, -4.8561044962980304e-8, -0.01310774777084589, -0.04740942269563675, 0.09723544865846634, 0.09839782118797302, -0.0017617247067391872, -0.00576475914567709, -0.10606861114501953, 0.030452117323875427, -0.03750738129019737, 0.028305692598223686, 0.06377667933702469, -0.001931055448949337, 0.03433847427368164, -0.028646297752857208, -0.012367425486445427, -0.05721548572182655, 0.131650909781456, 0.0678732693195343, -0.03632677346467972, 0.0227508544921875, 0.02625296078622341, -0.008026313036680222, -0.0015310310991480947, -0.08065474778413773, 0.011996796354651451, -0.01688276045024395, -0.025003237649798393, 0.06896200031042099, -0.04878978431224823, -0.006087238434702158, 0.05226318910717964, 0.025095289573073387, 0.002871609292924404, -0.033205583691596985, -0.03529153764247894, -0.045612700283527374, 0.0055490657687187195, 0.05699130892753601, -0.011048593558371067, 0.06309033185243607, -0.010878199711441994, 0.04123916104435921, 0.019533293321728706, 0.03250005468726158, -0.09488131105899811, -0.024135520681738853, -0.14651203155517578, 0.04428127780556679, -0.005133077502250671, -0.0887952521443367, -0.0077589573338627815, -0.05574094131588936, -0.030087312683463097, 0.021935543045401573, 0.005144800525158644, 0.1108483150601387, 0.07222335785627365, -0.004640075843781233, -0.03849560394883156, -0.05057995766401291, 0.08140953630208969, 0.03146680071949959, -0.08972151577472687, -0.05169260501861572 ]
sment are presented in supplementary material S6. Synthesis methods To conduct the meta-analyses, we used the statistical software R Studio (version 4.3.3) ( 41 ), utilizing the 'meta' package ( 42 ). We performed meta-analyses when data from ≥4 studies with different study populations could be pooled. If the included studies did not furnish adequate data for incorporation into the meta-analysis (eg, reporting no SD/effect) and, despite our requests, we did not receive the necessary information from the aut
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.858
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950197
[ 0.050361260771751404, 0.030821045860648155, 0.003297504037618637, 0.03242376446723938, 0.07173793017864227, 0.046616069972515106, -0.07510429620742798, 0.1352754682302475, -0.02384479157626629, 0.055192019790410995, -0.01766803301870823, -0.004112177062779665, -0.06811153888702393, -0.03924769163131714, 0.01139055471867323, 0.036360979080200195, -0.04241449758410454, 0.0059303357265889645, -0.021237701177597046, 0.012009880505502224, 0.021017638966441154, 0.01877230405807495, 0.11396369338035583, 0.014936182647943497, 0.007708556950092316, -0.04132528230547905, -0.08200228959321976, 0.012972069904208183, -0.03540915995836258, 0.010986638255417347, -0.013785176910459995, 0.11286970227956772, 0.028748225420713425, -0.002270003082230687, -0.022148851305246353, -0.02016459032893181, -0.0014138356782495975, 0.127259761095047, -0.020452991127967834, -0.030892765149474144, -0.037714648991823196, -0.005286254920065403, 0.03357979282736778, -0.05087222903966904, -0.02605470083653927, -0.08189448714256287, -0.07221841812133789, -0.025581983849406242, -0.08109249174594879, 0.09795673936605453, -0.09396672248840332, -0.006298182997852564, -0.03539259359240532, 0.08445703983306885, 0.07289709150791168, -0.0244463998824358, -0.06446294486522675, -0.12109468132257462, 0.00974127184599638, -0.02786880172789097, -0.015375524759292603, -0.014245768077671528, -0.11223876476287842, -0.005240182857960463, 0.07021866738796234, 0.0848388597369194, -0.0028248033486306667, 0.0366993322968483, 0.018065590411424637, -0.011056564748287201, -0.007479583844542503, -0.028967373073101044, -0.1371375471353531, 0.03684999421238899, 0.09478745609521866, 0.14898452162742615, -0.06149778515100479, 0.004775872454047203, 0.041292667388916016, -0.09119627624750137, 0.026650069281458855, 0.13252480328083038, 0.018763801082968712, 0.0032314970158040524, 0.009329093620181084, -0.08879289031028748, 0.0621291846036911, 0.012463808059692383, -0.09748910367488861, 0.06355442106723785, 0.04784239083528519, 0.08556235581636429, -0.06709155440330505, -0.033036306500434875, -0.016910362988710403, 0.0004041382053401321, -0.05604541674256325, -0.04398809000849724, 0.03473016992211342, 0.04073996841907501, 0.07667842507362366, 0.06506627798080444, -0.051361385732889175, -0.033201828598976135, -0.06559983640909195, -0.06290285289287567, 0.0347779355943203, -0.0324876494705677, -0.04982977360486984, 0.0125754214823246, 0.0008787076803855598, -0.0015087811043486, -0.05607962608337402, -0.06254953145980835, 0.043943386524915695, 0.0019090231508016586, -0.016639195382595062, 0.02797575853765011, 0.08168762177228928, -0.0011174528626725078, -0.012206904590129852, 0.015188079327344894, 0.02923099882900715, -0.012895100750029087, 0.07688847184181213, -0.05006467550992966, -0.13239580392837524, 2.0098255272183995e-33, 0.006232950370758772, -0.006524497643113136, -0.0037643280811607838, 0.041945792734622955, 0.07379619032144547, -0.05990135669708252, -0.048450250178575516, -0.058125875890254974, -0.004414719995111227, -0.031216880306601524, 0.00900814589112997, 0.013980497606098652, -0.043048832565546036, -0.038114164024591446, 0.03491445630788803, 0.04181921109557152, -0.03270728513598442, 0.029230410233139992, -0.022025685757398605, -0.008927333168685436, 0.05940605700016022, -0.014984296634793282, 0.05275974050164223, 0.05004638060927391, -0.020399203523993492, -0.061248306185007095, 0.03354097157716751, -0.0035390513949096203, -0.07363573461771011, 0.027966171503067017, 0.005702978931367397, 0.00882815569639206, 0.053258735686540604, -0.04335713014006615, -0.09071409702301025, 0.05739732086658478, -0.014489411376416683, -0.0015140945324674249, 0.025881517678499222, 0.07119225710630417, 0.08111879974603653, 0.07132712006568909, 0.07516944408416748, 0.00037279637763276696, -0.014710710383951664, -0.033300839364528656, -0.02714519016444683, 0.003319720970466733, 0.08136339485645294, 0.071010060608387, -0.049961917102336884, -0.0019372141687199473, 0.012474264949560165, -0.007317452225834131, -0.00897147972136736, 0.08064379543066025, -0.00033570214873179793, 0.00959097407758236, -0.03715650364756584, -0.013501063920557499, 0.020994694903492928, 0.037842970341444016, -0.05094760283827782, 0.038103293627500534, -0.008042683824896812, 0.027759913355112076, -0.06220642104744911, -0.008848916739225388, -0.017431186512112617, -0.020740211009979248, -0.03800026699900627, -0.056403156369924545, -0.011014196090400219, 0.03779246658086777, -0.06836020946502686, -0.07657475024461746, -0.020869340747594833, 0.009081786498427391, -0.018102537840604782, 0.00786448922008276, -0.016976436600089073, 0.049937017261981964, -0.11324406415224075, 0.024815279990434647, -0.056102532893419266, -0.011952411383390427, -0.01690477505326271, -0.01029770728200674, 0.007371974643319845, -0.02370535209774971, 0.10036539286375046, -0.039091553539037704, 0.015030153095722198, 0.054513391107320786, -0.08701405674219131, -2.802544570937387e-33, -0.10772000253200531, 0.005932752974331379, 0.05051408335566521, 0.0654081478714943, -0.00435246154665947, 0.07924442738294601, 0.034335777163505554, -0.03161703422665596, 0.020434482023119926, -0.027541181072592735, 0.050825927406549454, 0.029652388766407967, 0.02717205137014389, -0.03942268714308739, 0.027169957756996155, -0.04705943167209625, 0.03833423927426338, -0.026186730712652206, 0.028999987989664078, 0.08615826815366745, 0.03900284692645073, 0.03458046168088913, 0.08550861477851868, 0.016780180856585503, -0.016212260350584984, 0.001291552442125976, 0.020889034494757652, -0.019135113805532455, 0.01799318939447403, -0.06838769465684891, 0.10963486135005951, 0.11565513908863068, -0.07643008977174759, -0.04589145630598068, -0.03183779865503311, -0.009610602632164955, 0.04505322128534317, -0.05330521613359451, -0.04595916345715523, 0.04158259555697441, 0.07983411848545074, 0.04120413213968277, -0.007490874268114567, -0.02140743099153042, 0.02840852364897728, 0.037882424890995026, -0.013501395471394062, -0.03214321658015251, 0.019913101568818092, -0.04001874849200249, 0.05170328542590141, 0.04498720169067383, -0.028138641268014908, -0.07356137782335281, 0.042362816631793976, -0.07464936375617981, 0.10366994142532349, -0.08007190376520157, -0.07277505844831467, 0.038258202373981476, -0.023464452475309372, 0.01347848866134882, -0.027628954499959946, -0.05973559617996216, 0.012150556780397892, 0.018946312367916107, -0.026001613587141037, -0.008916073478758335, 0.015085413120687008, -0.0027384967543184757, 0.03177451714873314, -0.011893190443515778, -0.0767233818769455, -0.07094575464725494, 0.027363602072000504, 0.01596781425178051, -0.06747790426015854, 0.05312308669090271, -0.04778943955898285, 0.06210599094629288, -0.027979403734207153, -0.018653925508260727, 0.03445183485746384, -0.06625545024871826, -0.0778660923242569, 0.006910616531968117, -0.022960595786571503, 0.05308383330702782, -0.05396846681833267, 0.08499173074960709, -0.10705219209194183, 0.013425859622657299, -0.012472507543861866, 0.0007159754750318825, -0.011488934978842735, -4.890115690159291e-8, 0.07860483229160309, -0.037558697164058685, 0.0657719224691391, 0.10595537722110748, -0.09093933552503586, -0.00573151046410203, -0.06443782150745392, 0.016879022121429443, -0.04629720747470856, 0.0163254514336586, -0.012842395342886448, 0.027235588058829308, -0.018059948459267616, -0.007855338975787163, -0.03917698562145233, -0.0269278846681118, 0.05080266669392586, 0.07928106188774109, -0.06825030595064163, -0.040894679725170135, -0.031670790165662766, 0.08086363226175308, 0.028979480266571045, -0.06242026388645172, 0.05108122527599335, 0.018389448523521423, 0.03087754361331463, 0.020257066935300827, -0.0011449659941717982, -0.02435803972184658, 0.03680161386728287, -0.009679790586233139, -0.014481714926660061, -0.025981416925787926, -0.021077902987599373, -0.027907250449061394, 0.07440264523029327, -0.016490388661623, 0.017718661576509476, 0.05822187289595604, 0.00769660621881485, -0.015496473759412766, -0.04449081048369408, 0.04716720059514046, -0.06312328577041626, -0.009461701847612858, -0.06629367172718048, 0.11285272240638733, -0.05892365798354149, -0.03237064555287361, -0.006215696223080158, -0.04122373089194298, -0.06828083842992783, 0.03331882134079933, 0.020254390314221382, 0.10054749995470047, 0.04927877336740494, 0.031366437673568726, 0.05866704881191254, -0.07918907701969147, 0.118911013007164, 0.0157473124563694, -0.05568647384643555, -0.02645966410636902 ]
ty, and >75% indicated high heterogeneity ( 45 ). We tried to explain heterogeneity by conducting exploratory moderator analyses, when ≥10 studies per outcome were examined ( 47 ). Categorical moderators [RoB, study design, control group, follow-up, management level, higher proportion (>50%) of female participants (>50%), intervention type, number of intervention components, intervention length, delivery mode and training setting] were explored via subgroup analyses (supplementary material S11) and continuo
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.895
0.838
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950220
[ 0.10950984805822372, -0.03274739161133766, 0.020235499367117882, 0.08940669894218445, 0.03460966423153877, -0.002980747725814581, -0.062216874212026596, 0.02264275774359703, -0.029324786737561226, -0.005472581833600998, 0.0796690583229065, 0.03257719427347183, -0.041717659682035446, 0.013563097454607487, 0.051766276359558105, 0.006532758008688688, 0.074966661632061, -0.01671571470797062, -0.06655120849609375, -0.01896258257329464, 0.01880982518196106, -0.04591693729162216, 0.0887894257903099, 0.04677172750234604, -0.13287292420864105, -0.023940306156873703, -0.095474012196064, 0.016412418335676193, -0.0032781518530100584, -0.0364779494702816, -0.05778172239661217, 0.0684751495718956, 0.02279249206185341, -0.030644342303276062, -0.08405507355928421, 0.07773909717798233, -0.024604834616184235, 0.00034196616616100073, -0.002061996376141906, 0.025287548080086708, -0.05643175542354584, -0.01882541924715042, -0.005092462059110403, 0.024691125378012657, 0.014137698337435722, -0.06635225564241409, -0.013473419472575188, 0.007851607166230679, -0.12964756786823273, -0.007817652076482773, 0.04099437966942787, -0.03488880395889282, 0.05614763870835304, 0.06736864894628525, 0.06809752434492111, -0.06753040850162506, 0.04014157876372337, -0.02534768171608448, 0.03950981795787811, -0.002907631453126669, -0.005036055110394955, 0.06730600446462631, -0.16047315299510956, -0.041226621717214584, -0.03531840443611145, 0.009710069745779037, 0.045937005430459976, -0.012621477246284485, 0.029018376022577286, -0.00893456395715475, 0.07417942583560944, -0.03354914113879204, -0.06564810127019882, 0.07696071267127991, 0.07878880202770233, 0.022767014801502228, 0.023069042712450027, 0.01660139672458172, 0.09394215792417526, -0.010589073412120342, 0.061291471123695374, 0.020290369167923927, 0.06073769927024841, 0.1043984517455101, -0.028865903615951538, -0.07218622416257858, -0.003946341574192047, -0.0003952456172555685, -0.03203051537275314, 0.07680860161781311, -0.004013487137854099, 0.10894215106964111, 0.0014331791317090392, -0.0073539032600820065, -0.09926947951316833, -0.05601198971271515, -0.06156734377145767, -0.020189188420772552, 0.0017661603633314371, 0.03734811022877693, 0.08349620550870895, 0.011317513883113861, -0.09051917493343353, 0.020529359579086304, -0.06681214272975922, -0.09031924605369568, 0.06659731268882751, 0.0010485568782314658, -0.034172605723142624, 0.0528644435107708, -0.018986156210303307, 0.04779677093029022, -0.0012375102378427982, -0.02590591460466385, -0.009338200092315674, -0.053837280720472336, -0.006648645270615816, 0.09289520978927612, 0.06234712153673172, 0.023310814052820206, 0.023134466260671616, -0.04512755945324898, 0.08383142203092575, -0.03406587988138199, 0.035279542207717896, -0.006899356376379728, -0.07140159606933594, 3.994394823625413e-33, 0.08489925414323807, -0.06730721890926361, -0.010590017773211002, 0.14788423478603363, 0.04632211849093437, 0.09085134416818619, -0.024434808641672134, 0.011158352717757225, 0.01363750733435154, -0.05830246955156326, -0.04545596241950989, 0.01617700420320034, -0.10593141615390778, 0.023958269506692886, 0.06030072271823883, 0.034945666790008545, -0.09453877806663513, 0.12604840099811554, -0.09346380829811096, 0.06310209631919861, 0.02086738869547844, -0.022770825773477554, -0.06928882747888565, 0.018227212131023407, 0.02497847005724907, -0.027879074215888977, 0.0029900746885687113, 0.032725002616643906, -0.05496972054243088, 0.025386011227965355, 0.0032449811697006226, 0.006040898151695728, 0.010972222313284874, -0.06490827351808548, -0.051429808139801025, 0.045480139553546906, 0.04154954478144646, -0.007401997223496437, 0.02297637052834034, -0.023221049457788467, -0.059746284037828445, -0.03624451532959938, 0.08536893129348755, -0.012777660973370075, -0.0072796582244336605, -0.03882622718811035, 0.06691418588161469, -0.03123759664595127, -0.056716423481702805, 0.06420884281396866, -0.10969385504722595, 0.06853403151035309, 0.0781325176358223, -0.0036620809696614742, -0.0037945678923279047, 0.010029030963778496, 0.006280981469899416, -0.011245650239288807, -0.028768660500645638, -0.028892572969198227, 0.019025633111596107, 0.05669325590133667, -0.07954960316419601, 0.07165394723415375, 0.0378575399518013, -0.03268568217754364, -0.02181248739361763, -0.10036266595125198, 0.003106700489297509, 0.07363100349903107, -0.0933007299900055, 0.008402880281209946, 0.002475065179169178, 0.09717655181884766, -0.04051632806658745, -0.07774639129638672, -0.009791320189833641, -0.005202923435717821, 0.01798027567565441, 0.005932365078479052, 0.049069978296756744, 0.03783867135643959, -0.02393009327352047, -0.003924097865819931, -0.03688584640622139, -0.050914015620946884, -0.033682066947221756, -0.022627398371696472, 0.05385836586356163, -0.01225370168685913, 0.03673964738845825, -0.015928303822875023, 0.04536614194512367, 0.048697762191295624, 0.005264455918222666, -4.9963825348464844e-33, -0.0012764153070747852, -0.0057603889144957066, 0.010491265915334225, -0.08023291081190109, 0.11853155493736267, 0.08422799408435822, 0.06174536049365997, -0.08445423096418381, 0.056831005960702896, -0.008520906791090965, 0.06267978250980377, -0.05620205029845238, 0.024509089067578316, 0.03741001337766647, -0.05357497185468674, -0.052733972668647766, -0.08273578435182571, 0.02279207855463028, 0.008142965845763683, -0.01732104830443859, 0.04235579073429108, -0.06485674530267715, 0.06870682537555695, 0.0430431105196476, 0.007623924873769283, -0.05500533804297447, -0.005804789252579212, 0.09182369709014893, 0.015145956538617611, 0.0007948235142976046, 0.05882592871785164, -0.05502567067742348, 0.009152285754680634, 0.014065954834222794, 0.03649264574050903, 0.019544092938303947, -0.006904921494424343, 0.03621155396103859, 0.033563971519470215, 0.020697318017482758, -0.047031741589307785, 0.0018900985596701503, -0.022420380264520645, 0.01011637318879366, 0.04316587373614311, 0.04552172124385834, 0.04736393317580223, -0.07897341996431351, 0.02432900108397007, 0.018263813108205795, -0.10160670429468155, -0.03471112623810768, -0.05808824673295021, -0.011345960199832916, 0.08048201352357864, -0.12460064888000488, 0.06791738420724869, -0.06405958533287048, -0.0637785866856575, 0.059021104127168655, -0.05536617711186409, 0.07113275676965714, -0.04925930127501488, 0.021188130602240562, 0.007284210994839668, -0.07043315470218658, 0.06536096334457397, -0.05534025654196739, 0.019527943804860115, -0.0008048531017266214, -0.05271737650036812, -0.04798106104135513, -0.00158482207916677, -0.05946880206465721, 0.01696929521858692, -0.061062511056661606, -0.0494019016623497, -0.001135337515734136, -0.07850326597690582, 0.011156010441482067, 0.0793428122997284, -0.04563525691628456, 0.07096108049154282, -0.028851982206106186, -0.06841718405485153, 0.05743927136063576, 0.032743602991104126, 0.08878880739212036, 0.009766163304448128, 0.05436672270298004, -0.028848329558968544, -0.036965128034353256, -0.018465621396899223, -0.03781256452202797, -0.012154381722211838, -5.381307488505627e-8, 0.040127456188201904, 0.07039467990398407, -0.015094519592821598, -0.012395288795232773, 0.01678411290049553, 0.005866110324859619, -0.08540306985378265, -0.031217407435178757, -0.011780571192502975, 0.04799255356192589, 0.010204249061644077, 0.0016591320745646954, -0.053656112402677536, -0.04378531873226166, 0.04676207900047302, -0.09918051958084106, 0.0717514157295227, 0.09502454847097397, 0.012913881801068783, 0.015054537914693356, 0.03879784047603607, -0.028965823352336884, 0.002268804470077157, -0.08019396662712097, 0.009418808855116367, 0.002603322733193636, -0.04677200689911842, 0.06482265144586563, -0.05403203144669533, -0.0133821414783597, 0.04297387972474098, -0.0015746286371722817, -0.016570644453167915, -0.02302403748035431, -0.09597714990377426, 0.008063447661697865, -0.004360671620815992, -0.002119984244927764, 0.03176143020391464, -0.009739138185977936, -0.004461163654923439, -0.009641643613576889, 0.038846880197525024, 0.05658801645040512, -0.022084906697273254, 0.0173482745885849, -0.02907218225300312, 0.01882871985435486, 0.003574791131541133, -0.00821937806904316, 0.000753034430090338, 0.011905516497790813, -0.010242192074656487, 0.009616062976419926, 0.004778960719704628, 0.09847952425479889, 0.010266168043017387, -0.02428235299885273, -0.020791975781321526, -0.02242705225944519, 0.06426094472408295, -0.04321923479437828, -0.036499589681625366, -0.09733837842941284 ]
analyses (supplementary material S11) and continuous moderators (age, % female, sample size, publication year) via meta-regression (supplementary material S12). Publication bias was assessed by conducting visual inspection of (contour-enhanced) funnel plots ( 48 , 49 ) (supplementary material S13). When a meta-analysis included ≥10 studies, we applied the Egger's test ( 50 ) (supplementary material S14). All statistical analyses were conducted in accordance with the methodological standards outlined in the
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.84
[]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950252
[ 0.09928277134895325, 0.0250577200204134, 0.007668889127671719, 0.03449568524956703, 0.09535622596740723, 0.034031812101602554, -0.07087729126214981, 0.09264565259218216, 0.013202370144426823, 0.06441445648670197, 0.023842237889766693, 0.013820003718137741, -0.060370683670043945, 0.01919093169271946, 0.0017099500400945544, -0.0067968713119626045, 0.0090831583365798, -0.023056717589497566, -0.03640047833323479, -0.03936505317687988, 0.008324064314365387, -0.05358874052762985, 0.09839960187673569, -0.016828805208206177, -0.05702093243598938, -0.026693472638726234, -0.10054127126932144, -0.016222618520259857, -0.009083340875804424, 0.029088016599416733, -0.023112354800105095, 0.09324665367603302, -0.04304320365190506, -0.031794581562280655, 0.006307485047727823, 0.005877743940800428, 0.009265193715691566, 0.1475207507610321, 0.01557836588472128, 0.01988317258656025, -0.04419340565800667, -0.016455845907330513, -0.0016873922431841493, -0.043071407824754715, 0.010739486664533615, -0.06068747863173485, -0.025123929604887962, 0.010603770613670349, -0.09922360628843307, 0.10377158969640732, -0.04696491360664368, -0.038029853254556656, 0.018162157386541367, 0.0862886905670166, 0.07825182378292084, 0.01854170672595501, -0.06499867141246796, -0.05812835320830345, 0.021482421085238457, 0.037470653653144836, -0.00818469375371933, -0.0029714207630604506, -0.12093176692724228, 0.03765854239463806, 0.016584837809205055, 0.056460317224264145, -0.0006169304251670837, -0.015095083974301815, 0.0476006343960762, -0.036673206835985184, 0.05161011591553688, 0.003989991266280413, -0.08743122965097427, 0.03226383030414581, 0.02561321295797825, 0.038530316203832626, -0.020415373146533966, 0.036539819091558456, 0.08018992841243744, -0.10038591176271439, 0.061972007155418396, 0.06061302870512009, 0.04229336977005005, 0.01985335163772106, -0.027691073715686798, -0.09015549719333649, -0.007231608498841524, 0.0064785717986524105, -0.0742122158408165, 0.05818512290716171, 0.021647585555911064, 0.06748509407043457, -0.024070564657449722, 0.00841209851205349, -0.11188558489084244, -0.06497777998447418, -0.06396765261888504, -0.03178556263446808, -0.012177923694252968, 0.051733680069446564, 0.0168292298913002, 0.006241158116608858, 0.00018946845375467092, -0.007357027847319841, -0.03299281373620033, -0.08480752259492874, 0.055342018604278564, -0.043776318430900574, -0.03794797509908676, 0.08264420926570892, 0.005013308022171259, 0.056036774069070816, 0.02935856766998768, -0.00294090760871768, 0.07610461115837097, -0.06272471696138382, -0.031959839165210724, 0.04831060394644737, 0.06665229052305222, -0.0141312750056386, 0.04101227596402168, 0.010919274762272835, 0.04159213602542877, -0.010878911241889, 0.0032679380383342505, -0.054528992623090744, -0.11336458474397659, 1.3869521010462895e-33, 0.017353346571326256, 0.04493086040019989, -0.01740647479891777, 0.08757977187633514, 0.11837131530046463, 0.03833889216184616, -0.0162687785923481, -0.04691329970955849, 0.006971847731620073, -0.005532214883714914, -0.006007188931107521, 0.051152076572179794, -0.11961629986763, 0.05383729562163353, -0.006967214401811361, 0.07140177488327026, -0.01798989064991474, 0.08996496349573135, -0.1098519116640091, -0.0024165818467736244, -0.03135022521018982, -0.10218929499387741, -0.0389828197658062, 0.006171115208417177, 0.005811585113406181, -0.05724840983748436, -0.05883483961224556, -0.006743443664163351, -0.14692585170269012, 0.03894194960594177, -0.00473291939124465, -0.02081764116883278, 0.09594941884279251, -0.0980810821056366, -0.052408549934625626, 0.0216803140938282, 0.06242770701646805, -0.033774614334106445, -0.03466363623738289, 0.05873725190758705, -0.023399144411087036, 0.0020657421555370092, 0.0894421637058258, 0.05213410034775734, -0.014651639387011528, -0.04374008625745773, 0.0032840189523994923, -0.027260122820734978, 0.02353624813258648, 0.049976103007793427, -0.025229642167687416, 0.011585133150219917, -0.025691023096442223, -0.05375984311103821, -0.031347136944532394, 0.11270064860582352, -0.05815332755446434, -0.049606531858444214, -0.02957780845463276, -0.028913112357258797, 0.031977299600839615, 0.06834099441766739, -0.1396213322877884, 0.06098009645938873, 0.04969630390405655, 0.036071181297302246, -0.03837784752249718, -0.04791297763586044, -0.02755722776055336, 0.06595449149608612, -0.07832218706607819, 0.04315922036767006, -0.017947988584637642, 0.03602490946650505, -0.053579676896333694, -0.02975788712501526, 0.008839372545480728, 0.015851570293307304, 0.07006668299436569, 0.009417126886546612, 0.04204784333705902, 0.02204756624996662, -0.10896968841552734, -0.01410549134016037, -0.04295386001467705, -0.019560158252716064, 0.021619675680994987, -0.01931590400636196, 0.0928962305188179, -0.013616477139294147, 0.07750409841537476, -0.040156472474336624, 0.035571128129959106, 0.04378863424062729, -0.03869090601801872, -3.314142120276309e-33, -0.1098996102809906, 0.009417924098670483, 0.047712843865156174, 0.008179925382137299, 0.03733757883310318, 0.09031160920858383, 0.08961645513772964, -0.055105775594711304, 0.072987861931324, -0.06492113322019577, 0.03656557574868202, -0.014831297099590302, 0.013035818003118038, 0.01801474764943123, 0.03437640145421028, -0.08095868676900864, -0.020594367757439613, -0.009965972043573856, -0.043457210063934326, -0.017383700236678123, 0.03620392829179764, -0.0055836401879787445, 0.06285712122917175, -0.019743138924241066, -0.04921907186508179, -0.028482753783464432, 0.03532414883375168, -0.0860406905412674, -0.030216317623853683, 0.035057540982961655, 0.0935506746172905, 0.03849362954497337, -0.04596631973981857, -0.05875854194164276, 0.01682255230844021, 0.04543498530983925, -0.009277532808482647, -0.10556387901306152, -0.013683069497346878, -0.018813664093613625, 0.005452198442071676, 0.0029178475961089134, 0.009146766737103462, -0.0698137953877449, -0.05851493030786514, 0.012587177567183971, 0.055101823061704636, -0.013030637055635452, 0.07005808502435684, -0.00016287050675600767, -0.06364989280700684, 0.00015624727529939264, -0.02996949478983879, -0.045876700431108475, 0.02138705924153328, -0.1020655706524849, 0.004832372535020113, -0.04779960215091705, -0.011976547539234161, 0.06731954962015152, 0.0011006997665390372, 0.02018457092344761, -0.10865902155637741, -0.013070456683635712, -0.002411680994555354, -0.037502069026231766, 0.005472125485539436, -0.025623932480812073, 0.005817996338009834, 0.029465550556778908, 0.0010503844823688269, -0.09123159199953079, -0.017148466780781746, -0.0196154173463583, 0.022487947717308998, -0.036110103130340576, -0.05500186234712601, 0.05295613035559654, -0.057695820927619934, 0.06813742965459824, 0.00777825154364109, 0.0009517677826806903, 0.021598834544420242, -0.04216582700610161, -0.013439534232020378, 0.011988856829702854, -0.04999709874391556, 0.03509264066815376, -0.018794799223542213, 0.019193381071090698, -0.007316339295357466, -0.08662845194339752, -0.08013512939214706, -0.03503916785120964, 0.021701082587242126, -4.744670079048774e-8, 0.04193178936839104, 0.032823413610458374, 0.039376385509967804, 0.0359676219522953, 0.0006426679901778698, 0.0057821124792099, 0.0021033906377851963, -0.010716453194618225, -0.04941835626959801, 0.0013515106402337551, 0.01835399679839611, 0.05523699149489403, -0.0369672030210495, 0.0016389860538765788, -0.018234573304653168, -0.02828330174088478, 0.10705625265836716, 0.059472668915987015, -0.0165339857339859, -0.030718352645635605, -0.021209079772233963, 0.025487931445240974, 0.02424575202167034, -0.12808020412921906, -0.023791659623384476, 0.019199732691049576, 0.013388928025960922, 0.06587735563516617, -0.06470669060945511, 0.03506682068109512, 0.027287201955914497, 0.046534933149814606, -0.014612791128456593, -0.025289390236139297, -0.002024401444941759, -0.039668869227170944, 0.05463702976703644, 0.05261676013469696, -0.05293169245123863, 0.09709656983613968, 0.015347994863986969, -0.004417479503899813, 0.03396851569414139, 0.06701444089412689, -0.057511478662490845, 0.036198027431964874, 0.012888509780168533, 0.08280019462108612, -0.07015431672334671, 0.029069451615214348, 0.03652936592698097, -0.07820305973291397, 0.046714480966329575, 0.01899312622845173, -0.041997313499450684, 0.058770421892404556, 0.04073978587985039, 0.0670110359787941, 0.006628386676311493, -0.060117367655038834, 0.11247500032186508, 0.009794708341360092, 0.032537683844566345, -0.09845006465911865 ]
with the methodological standards outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions ( 34 ). Certainty of evidence assessment We utilized the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework ( 51 ) to evaluate the overall certainty of evidence for each primary outcome. Two review authors independently assessed the certainty of evidence for each outcome, with any discrepancies resolved through discussion.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.308
0.83
[]
465
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950289
[ -0.010553820058703423, 0.033749472349882126, -0.05038859322667122, 0.038815662264823914, 0.026974795386195183, 0.021567510440945625, -0.08977010846138, 0.14275936782360077, -0.008157849311828613, 0.014326958917081356, 0.04292925074696541, 0.01823633722960949, -0.016903996467590332, 0.09022695571184158, -0.011314739473164082, 0.03688720986247063, 0.06425723433494568, -0.009727176278829575, 0.02708413079380989, -0.028518350794911385, -0.025222333148121834, 0.03176455944776535, 0.14608289301395416, 0.025403570383787155, -0.04079601168632507, -0.0016336144180968404, -0.07177392393350601, 0.025031443685293198, -0.008342369459569454, 0.03946125507354736, 0.00945555604994297, -0.03699237480759621, -0.08553469181060791, -0.0723453238606453, 0.008465074002742767, 0.03586325794458389, 0.006168105639517307, 0.005354495253413916, -0.020530881360173225, 0.0440254844725132, 0.013896947726607323, -0.053882747888565063, -0.0012798384996131063, -0.03044257126748562, -0.019543776288628578, -0.08437027037143707, -0.01627289690077305, -0.011118263937532902, -0.06793199479579926, 0.04175921529531479, -0.03173821046948433, -0.029452946037054062, 0.04650106653571129, -0.023197291418910027, -0.023468874394893646, -0.04202884063124657, -0.004118950106203556, -0.052231620997190475, 0.01432169321924448, 0.002641257829964161, -0.03173605352640152, -0.023964140564203262, -0.13850198686122894, 0.03157093748450279, 0.0035070176236331463, 0.08122322708368301, -0.055538345128297806, -0.09163794666528702, 0.06887735426425934, 0.0018214605515822768, -0.05056588351726532, 0.000540515931788832, 0.01934567093849182, 0.04206867516040802, -0.007150745484977961, -0.023037414997816086, -0.02287379652261734, -0.009270782582461834, 0.02423873543739319, -0.0435195229947567, -0.04805377870798111, 0.10242656618356705, 0.02936527691781521, 0.02986731007695198, 0.07112409919500351, -0.024481279775500298, 0.05383925512433052, -0.005558325909078121, -0.09439091384410858, 0.09955689311027527, 0.09650138765573502, 0.013078722171485424, -0.062333155423402786, 0.04568907245993614, -0.021604953333735466, 0.033720050007104874, -0.0810733288526535, -0.09607850760221481, -0.06672032922506332, -0.004468989092856646, 0.03601444885134697, -0.04098759964108467, -0.06628768146038055, -0.01489858515560627, -0.030778883025050163, -0.06318843364715576, -0.015324326232075691, -0.07550842314958572, 0.0506802462041378, 0.03097691386938095, 0.003801454557105899, -0.037133220583200455, 0.0030427356250584126, 0.015013724565505981, -0.023157808929681778, 0.037095438688993454, 0.0031644757837057114, 0.015073639340698719, -0.01134476624429226, -0.0038152209017425776, 0.035732023417949677, -0.06210175156593323, 0.12367401272058487, -0.0915149375796318, 0.05770159885287285, -0.013266775757074356, 0.013555868528783321, 1.5505753127154863e-33, 0.040263861417770386, 0.008239008486270905, 0.00924684014171362, 0.034361809492111206, -0.002189960330724716, 0.042705804109573364, -0.032740164548158646, -0.010408156551420689, 0.017353644594550133, -0.07208704948425293, 0.043145325034856796, 0.016965409740805626, 0.032788846641778946, -0.04527634382247925, 0.007959211245179176, 0.09287992119789124, -0.06610267609357834, 0.09821543097496033, -0.0806427150964737, 0.048640426248311996, 0.02631301060318947, -0.018619133159518242, 0.045825641602277756, 0.032300133258104324, -0.07649845629930496, 0.007956815883517265, 0.02771465666592121, 0.044713228940963745, -0.023011542856693268, 0.02093481831252575, -0.02119404822587967, -0.02391686849296093, 0.11681962013244629, -0.11179715394973755, -0.014098716899752617, 0.049693513661623, 0.01832529902458191, 0.011160301975905895, -0.020951978862285614, -0.03698296099901199, 0.03982224687933922, -0.008476411923766136, 0.014290065504610538, 0.008389377035200596, 0.013991035521030426, -0.05238702893257141, -0.06727316975593567, -0.11045457422733307, -0.05572669580578804, -0.032619062811136246, 0.05105467513203621, 0.031327247619628906, 0.0177140049636364, 0.03165511414408684, -0.018764520063996315, 0.07302471995353699, -0.03559470921754837, 0.07213114947080612, -0.029344838112592697, -0.011534938588738441, 0.09706097841262817, 0.015542452223598957, -0.05088658630847931, 0.021627046167850494, -0.06334007531404495, 0.0026362468488514423, 0.03384473919868469, -0.08257906883955002, -0.04947376623749733, -0.03949856758117676, -0.08383487164974213, 0.027466727420687675, 0.028576139360666275, 0.08572041243314743, 0.0015333478804677725, -0.11906082183122635, -0.03474651277065277, -0.019533416256308556, 0.02392164245247841, -0.0720851793885231, -0.014250717125833035, -0.009048587642610073, -0.008643269538879395, 0.05790434032678604, -0.01658249832689762, 0.010567347519099712, -0.05046968534588814, 0.04801707714796066, -0.006268551107496023, -0.01867377571761608, 0.03499775379896164, -0.026541246101260185, 0.010081312619149685, 0.06912845373153687, 0.014785457402467728, -4.5078434092248954e-33, 0.018347781151533127, 0.05368030443787575, 0.03646038845181465, -0.039335690438747406, 0.004017503932118416, 0.018460197374224663, -0.006946711800992489, -0.07918502390384674, 0.09586132317781448, -0.02946486324071884, 0.030959641560912132, -0.008052220568060875, 0.025275057181715965, -0.014035908505320549, 0.019401904195547104, 0.00832266453653574, -0.131597638130188, -0.037880029529333115, -0.013956688344478607, -0.020719343796372414, 0.1416940540075302, -0.03149186074733734, 0.08816375583410263, 0.03978383541107178, 0.01765064336359501, -0.0034660669043660164, 0.05186353623867035, 0.0018122729379683733, -0.006256800144910812, -0.09668640792369843, 0.08631275594234467, -0.010077780112624168, 0.07184358686208725, 0.02144578844308853, 0.013356147333979607, -0.01336751040071249, 0.09267131984233856, -0.0613522045314312, -0.06363429129123688, 0.06599991023540497, 0.02927233651280403, 0.0643789991736412, -0.07722371816635132, -0.004724989179521799, 0.007891137152910233, 0.013087696395814419, 0.04839244484901428, -0.027911925688385963, 0.0039178719744086266, -0.06237676739692688, -0.006995747797191143, 0.018862849101424217, -0.04990142583847046, -0.014423121698200703, 0.012957836501300335, -0.09362037479877472, 0.052176352590322495, -0.07661578059196472, -0.09326095879077911, 0.08150578290224075, -0.048616256564855576, 0.11310101300477982, -0.08750345557928085, 0.06797750294208527, 0.12359073013067245, -0.009623323567211628, -0.03908144682645798, -0.06129620596766472, 0.026799919083714485, 0.03754017874598503, -0.08410754054784775, -0.032976552844047546, -0.082014299929142, -0.091697558760643, 0.04825321212410927, 0.03969196230173111, 0.05356688052415848, -0.046079687774181366, -0.08033322542905807, 0.02570398896932602, -0.021057121455669403, -0.03934912383556366, 0.06658478826284409, -0.04477391391992569, 0.0014438863145187497, 0.01799454726278782, 0.04572980850934982, -0.022494537755846977, -0.05031967535614967, 0.09481168538331985, -0.046913158148527145, -0.03555915877223015, 0.009644778445363045, -0.03654623404145241, -0.04307871311903, -4.768862282844566e-8, 0.022341102361679077, 0.016704408451914787, 0.0673343613743782, 0.041768647730350494, -0.04463670402765274, 0.023574085906147957, -0.09555486589670181, 0.04483574628829956, -0.05274543538689613, -0.04317467287182808, 0.04668687283992767, 0.02377290651202202, 0.00034288334427401423, 0.020390577614307404, -0.04635921120643616, -0.08171860128641129, 0.11530500650405884, 0.08751387894153595, -0.04774931073188782, -0.01440260000526905, 0.007823215797543526, -0.0369890034198761, -0.00016023105126805604, -0.07085272669792175, 0.0170277152210474, -0.009114837273955345, 0.01746719516813755, 0.12717093527317047, -0.08551319688558578, -0.03750653937458992, 0.020734256133437157, -0.06664708256721497, 0.08443862944841385, -0.011736946180462837, -0.03893200680613518, 0.004044860135763884, 0.07790333032608032, -0.021659929305315018, 0.07167723029851913, 0.02650359645485878, 0.010008334182202816, 0.021582327783107758, 0.012075100094079971, 0.0447731651365757, -0.046044718474149704, 0.03336241468787193, -0.08290109038352966, -0.02417098917067051, 0.01586708426475525, -0.022705474868416786, -0.04011562466621399, -0.01369913388043642, -0.02039695717394352, -0.0045909942127764225, 0.021348265931010246, 0.06756681203842163, -0.022291969507932663, -0.05346908047795296, -0.03945494070649147, -0.09435448795557022, 0.07663382589817047, -0.00705594290047884, 0.04157817363739014, 0.015443628653883934 ]
ies ( 37 , 52 – 72 ) met full inclusion criteria. Details on the selection process and reasons for exclusion of the full-text screened studies are described in figure 1 and supplementary material S3. Study characteristics A comprehensive overview of the included publications is presented in table 2. Table 2. Characteristics of the studies included. [CBA=controlled before and after; IG=intevention group; CG=control group; ERI=effort–reward model; NR=not reported; PS=psychological stress; RCT=randomized contr
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.844
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950316
[ 0.08619561791419983, 0.017323357984423637, 0.012906251475214958, 0.10452823340892792, 0.03753681480884552, 0.08388756215572357, 0.01687268726527691, 0.08101194351911545, 0.014439436607062817, 0.034035809338092804, 0.02551870048046112, -0.018600571900606155, 0.0008598478743806481, -0.031375303864479065, 0.031132573261857033, -0.01802397146821022, 0.03825214132666588, -0.1377802938222885, -0.012198791839182377, -0.02647520788013935, -0.004643965046852827, 0.02120005153119564, 0.12200360745191574, 0.017170919105410576, -0.05341767519712448, 0.03548451513051987, -0.03736119344830513, -0.018882468342781067, 0.03308868408203125, -0.01472905371338129, -0.015880683436989784, -0.006674907635897398, 0.04136834666132927, -0.024589117616415024, -0.03527235984802246, -0.03345846012234688, -0.05636335536837578, 0.02273467555642128, -0.03349524363875389, 0.05252403765916824, -0.050334904342889786, -0.06373929232358932, 0.0431370735168457, -0.034711480140686035, 0.03871901333332062, -0.07100764662027359, -0.09463544934988022, -0.060110364109277725, -0.08208084106445312, 0.0157687496393919, 0.007937057875096798, -0.01667829416692257, 0.08192113041877747, 0.03150451183319092, 0.04144212603569031, -0.03461829200387001, -0.024482600390911102, -0.014441742561757565, -0.029375120997428894, 0.006917701102793217, -0.025171156972646713, 0.004180423449724913, -0.10235221683979034, 0.015232495963573456, 0.1031603291630745, 0.07770812511444092, -0.03351781889796257, -0.007616447284817696, -0.01573537290096283, 0.015941882506012917, -0.05808456614613533, -0.06941929459571838, -0.06703031808137894, 0.07000734657049179, 0.0683518573641777, 0.05541447550058365, -0.025633247569203377, -0.04009838029742241, 0.030217137187719345, -0.0335153266787529, 0.0496346578001976, 0.046908315271139145, 0.06130795553326607, 0.016274314373731613, -0.044300951063632965, -0.035806961357593536, 0.017291085794568062, -0.030532965436577797, -0.036428119987249374, 0.06310658156871796, 0.09321638196706772, -0.06581076979637146, -0.053230736404657364, 0.059676676988601685, -0.014735657721757889, -0.035256654024124146, -0.018240949138998985, -0.007571782451122999, -0.03296316787600517, -0.045768748968839645, 0.06899998337030411, 0.054547227919101715, -0.031787239015102386, 0.07197531312704086, -0.15222184360027313, -0.06311286985874176, 0.03452833741903305, -0.10221755504608154, -0.008288809098303318, -0.06307296454906464, -0.0744159072637558, 0.012718374840915203, 0.018456602469086647, -0.039720144122838974, -0.01652541756629944, -0.02287486381828785, 0.03666052967309952, 0.029949717223644257, 0.1453278362751007, 0.06032021343708038, 0.026969466358423233, 0.020568085834383965, 0.12167245894670486, -0.04384560137987137, -0.04831777885556221, -0.05119284242391586, -0.07588603347539902, 6.332389537247601e-33, -0.03373775631189346, -0.07187025994062424, -0.09246808290481567, 0.07856450974941254, 0.0054738204926252365, 0.002014797879382968, -0.012655260041356087, -0.0017557500395923853, 0.02580093778669834, -0.06363598257303238, -0.040321145206689835, 0.048695314675569534, 0.004963435232639313, 0.056811023503541946, 0.008334021084010601, 0.02468235418200493, 0.0010909781558439136, 0.09259667992591858, -0.015630031004548073, 0.008584141731262207, -0.0217866413295269, -0.022168727591633797, 0.027695242315530777, 0.007243089843541384, -0.04115147516131401, 0.02364388294517994, -0.021944109350442886, -0.027031539008021355, -0.04395124688744545, 0.00042249454418197274, 0.005389780271798372, 0.03835182636976242, -0.03330982103943825, -0.03421948850154877, -0.030572034418582916, 0.08332277834415436, 0.03900633379817009, -0.026494713500142097, 0.06543413549661636, 0.011992505751550198, -0.07515376061201096, 0.043741367757320404, 0.04383359104394913, -0.021871430799365044, 0.011149498634040356, -0.00800150167196989, -0.013903576880693436, -0.1028108149766922, 0.01483826246112585, 0.06648673862218857, -0.03245776891708374, 0.034635160118341446, -0.01977124623954296, -0.0970015823841095, -0.004341511987149715, 0.05529335141181946, -0.02288588508963585, -0.02276163175702095, 0.007092389278113842, -0.008480926975607872, 0.05127933621406555, 0.03203009441494942, -0.07774782925844193, -0.0102408891543746, 0.04354986920952797, 0.07481107860803604, -0.008865401148796082, -0.09247220307588577, -0.014812849462032318, -0.01558148954063654, -0.06378830969333649, -0.04001602157950401, 0.02727978304028511, 0.016344204545021057, 0.011637887917459011, -0.0610538087785244, -0.024614157155156136, 0.05989270657300949, -0.030192989856004715, -0.03089282661676407, 0.010075241327285767, -0.03847569227218628, -0.05265197530388832, -0.042705878615379333, 0.03180340304970741, 0.010014934465289116, -0.0576409213244915, -0.04889734089374542, 0.055859100073575974, 0.0028428377117961645, 0.09340455383062363, 0.01151329092681408, -0.007774366531521082, 0.07560610771179199, -0.0030686145182698965, -6.998609042099795e-33, 0.014655443839728832, -0.02685736119747162, -0.009051493369042873, -0.07904371619224548, 0.09259335696697235, 0.05691570043563843, 0.08088582754135132, -0.13666707277297974, 0.10621875524520874, 0.03826146200299263, 0.11486700177192688, 0.003386195283383131, 0.045529238879680634, -0.03553829714655876, -0.029457883909344673, -0.04037931561470032, -0.065141461789608, -0.025618143379688263, 0.0038140874821692705, 0.011405165307223797, 0.09494227916002274, -0.012453035451471806, 0.06414184719324112, 0.007440690882503986, -0.002793798455968499, -0.007592352107167244, -0.04445484280586243, -0.06578617542982101, -0.02896740846335888, -0.06950460374355316, 0.015174605883657932, 0.008562436327338219, -0.08369773626327515, 0.005465907044708729, -0.00825563259422779, -0.016825994476675987, 0.0256243497133255, 0.035917580127716064, -0.06782738119363785, 0.006836263462901115, 0.006906268652528524, 0.11200971901416779, -0.025281859561800957, 0.011475891806185246, 0.0683792382478714, 0.05447596311569214, 0.028578775003552437, -0.07514774054288864, 0.04072411358356476, 0.03498179093003273, 0.029932081699371338, 0.035295598208904266, 0.028471041470766068, -0.04626461863517761, 0.02185468003153801, -0.10084301978349686, 0.04149243235588074, -0.11859872192144394, -0.06394296139478683, 0.0021394374780356884, -0.004853524267673492, 0.095648854970932, -0.03775666654109955, -0.02809700183570385, 0.03125375509262085, -0.010003178380429745, -0.030907856300473213, 0.04588545113801956, 0.03932159021496773, -0.02436325140297413, -0.04226286709308624, -0.07121486216783524, 0.02169560268521309, -0.1181420236825943, 0.023865312337875366, 0.03271569684147835, -0.026669982820749283, 0.017316322773694992, -0.020615780726075172, -0.0299087967723608, -0.054737307131290436, -0.0009584164363332093, 0.02759144827723503, -0.04752971976995468, -0.017618881538510323, 0.03268236294388771, -0.02981288731098175, -0.009883370250463486, -0.049976833164691925, -0.03976552188396454, -0.031519580632448196, -0.002042379230260849, 0.04200019687414169, 0.030917689204216003, 0.06637080013751984, -5.478560893834583e-8, 0.053720034658908844, -0.026195699349045753, -0.02502039447426796, -0.022778846323490143, 0.03622661530971527, -0.021587243303656578, -0.09243553876876831, 0.02114567533135414, -0.08548382669687271, -0.01539899967610836, 0.017186366021633148, 0.03991260379552841, 0.005103142932057381, 0.028990622609853745, 0.01062702015042305, -0.09303248673677444, 0.09834606200456619, 0.09026965498924255, 0.01720227301120758, -0.0006928145885467529, 0.10502175986766815, -0.005636658985167742, 0.045939426869153976, -0.058932747691869736, 0.021442776545882225, 0.06408799439668655, -0.042639460414648056, -0.02958178147673607, -0.0537293441593647, 0.005118907429277897, 0.048225849866867065, 0.009304105304181576, -0.021029403433203697, 0.001732446369715035, 0.061863187700510025, -0.016315994784235954, 0.015308723784983158, 0.030476784333586693, -0.058120906352996826, 0.13411761820316315, -0.009515163488686085, -0.031013624742627144, 0.09151945263147354, 0.06501792371273041, -0.014929335564374924, 0.03938588872551918, -0.1034766286611557, -0.01698296330869198, 0.008663333021104336, -0.061658404767513275, 0.05332401767373085, -0.0777546614408493, 0.04673079773783684, 0.0495845228433609, -0.004634867887943983, 0.1017613634467125, 0.09619052708148956, 0.042617104947566986, -0.03849318251013756, -0.06256002932786942, 0.11931732296943665, -0.04909961670637131, -0.03757915645837784, 0.035217348486185074 ]
ted; PS=psychological stress; RCT=randomized control trial.]. First author (year); country; study design Control group; Follow-up period Management level; setting Number of participants (IG; CG) Intervention Intervention format Intervention type (number of intervention components); length Training setting (home practice); delivery mode Outcome categories Subcategories Allen (1980); Australia; CBA ( 52 ) Waitlist; short-term Middle; NR 10; 10 Biofeedback-based stress management training program Once-weekly 1
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
1
0.826
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950342
[ 0.025735506787896156, 0.06570521742105484, -0.034411851316690445, 0.11148735135793686, 0.011709160171449184, 0.13827110826969147, -0.06519874185323715, 0.09096522629261017, -0.059389542788267136, -0.022004462778568268, -0.008369174785912037, -0.007612716872245073, -0.041077595204114914, -0.014785612002015114, 0.03569122403860092, -0.017260460183024406, 0.023038256913423538, -0.046010032296180725, 0.06371630728244781, -0.03362039476633072, 0.04445255547761917, 0.060411516577005386, 0.07893296331167221, 0.04839242622256279, -0.06528950482606888, 0.025692084804177284, -0.011634050868451595, 0.007864709943532944, 0.06667003035545349, 0.022866327315568924, 0.02057763934135437, -0.01467354316264391, 0.05554170906543732, 0.012345743365585804, 0.008308608084917068, 0.01438971422612667, -0.04001326858997345, -0.000602297019213438, -0.001991858473047614, 0.08248727768659592, -0.04055289551615715, -0.043841343373060226, 0.012155396863818169, 0.004491851665079594, -0.0024268694687634706, -0.06399495154619217, -0.0844033807516098, -0.015015756711363792, -0.02860150672495365, -0.020872171968221664, -0.030311375856399536, -0.030427010729908943, 0.036884237080812454, 0.010470250621438026, 0.06118006631731987, -0.03821023926138878, 0.06296031922101974, -0.04532769322395325, -0.01324552670121193, -0.02126157283782959, -0.02518066205084324, -0.01700887829065323, -0.13897931575775146, 0.010548417456448078, -0.004532665945589542, 0.06291806697845459, -0.08016293495893478, 0.05536263808608055, 0.08930341899394989, -0.055523063987493515, -0.09426012635231018, -0.027349593117833138, 0.00950564257800579, 0.0917433351278305, 0.03607317432761192, 0.015145576559007168, -0.031156916171312332, -0.005230902694165707, 0.05521492287516594, -0.03046238049864769, 0.04428495839238167, 0.06363746523857117, 0.045985233038663864, 0.049363140016794205, -0.030324429273605347, -0.007230117451399565, 0.09975949674844742, 0.034944742918014526, -0.019403062760829926, 0.0839872881770134, 0.09860485047101974, 0.010524866171181202, 0.02193056046962738, 0.01400778442621231, -0.1364804208278656, -0.048854466527700424, -0.0856902077794075, -0.005984594579786062, -0.04890792816877365, -0.017137689515948296, 0.07113631069660187, -0.004315096419304609, -0.03333010524511337, 0.03664053976535797, -0.1107838973402977, -0.08516101539134979, -0.021146409213542938, -0.018604528158903122, 0.021444693207740784, -0.0023589879274368286, -0.06853288412094116, 0.012413237243890762, -0.032482944428920746, -0.05594216287136078, 0.03223028406500816, 0.022344158962368965, -0.06752503663301468, 0.03986528888344765, 0.1400679498910904, 0.03897366300225258, 0.0752318724989891, -0.02780756726861, 0.034613918513059616, -0.11476670950651169, 0.015456882305443287, -0.024823207408189774, -0.05011459067463875, 5.903720542965299e-33, 0.07975436002016068, -0.03245244175195694, -0.01846664398908615, 0.06302966177463531, -0.041369710117578506, 0.05260583013296127, -0.04882983863353729, -0.0171927772462368, 0.05315554141998291, -0.05633218213915825, -0.026099761947989464, -0.010993375442922115, -0.06699180603027344, 0.06537993997335434, -0.05431120842695236, -0.020753027871251106, -0.07036413252353668, 0.12207891792058945, -0.010606499388813972, 0.018231786787509918, -0.04847704619169235, -0.008331364952027798, 0.020285386592149734, 0.04278528690338135, 0.03565739840269089, 0.01693044602870941, 0.044037219136953354, 0.01985981874167919, 0.018283145502209663, 0.015279646962881088, -0.010151511989533901, 0.055172014981508255, -0.017867887392640114, -0.03771508112549782, -0.06910872459411621, 0.023467570543289185, 0.040294099599123, -0.07260162383317947, 0.040459174662828445, -0.0013473720755428076, -0.03859894350171089, 0.0042629241943359375, 0.054404035210609436, 0.025228848680853844, 0.009159517474472523, -0.06596582382917404, -0.00661913538351655, -0.0382472462952137, 0.022343359887599945, 0.07191015034914017, -0.0640583485364914, 0.02741665206849575, 0.02178226411342621, -0.07996354252099991, 0.014264372177422047, -0.00003816562457359396, 0.0000059432218222355004, -0.027867641299962997, -0.04759810119867325, 0.041019052267074585, 0.09752360731363297, -0.002983911894261837, 0.001753360265865922, 0.03266023099422455, 0.02448195591568947, -0.025958780199289322, -0.05445950850844383, -0.13461290299892426, -0.002930578077211976, 0.0219211857765913, -0.09784965962171555, 0.020256249234080315, 0.03460199013352394, -0.022441279143095016, -0.028292883187532425, -0.12146143615245819, 0.018649103119969368, 0.021278949454426765, -0.10767487436532974, -0.010250295512378216, -0.03187843784689903, 0.013399050571024418, -0.05727897956967354, 0.01032419502735138, 0.03658783435821533, -0.036514442414045334, -0.02984355203807354, -0.03677482157945633, -0.03848392516374588, -0.022797275334596634, 0.008719999343156815, -0.03980956971645355, 0.07487108558416367, 0.1321544200181961, -0.02778596244752407, -5.48868765049452e-33, 0.001386539195664227, 0.005663762334734201, -0.05770000442862511, -0.04575919359922409, 0.13156889379024506, 0.014934751205146313, 0.006718877702951431, -0.04792804270982742, 0.08598430454730988, 0.03595723211765289, 0.04406636953353882, -0.06276831030845642, 0.004599687643349171, -0.0036809248849749565, -0.004371544811874628, -0.04951031506061554, -0.07109483331441879, -0.03012886457145214, -0.0842713937163353, 0.017376670613884926, 0.061571549624204636, 0.011285311542451382, 0.047548793256282806, 0.04087115079164505, -0.01138805691152811, -0.0358373299241066, 0.009400825947523117, 0.06920380890369415, 0.07548240572214127, -0.00692838104441762, -0.00033413112396374345, -0.006430052220821381, -0.009232605807483196, 0.11911807954311371, -0.08252014964818954, -0.024618132039904594, 0.04764030873775482, -0.02326502650976181, -0.054879654198884964, 0.05348993465304375, 0.0834958553314209, 0.04840008169412613, -0.050111353397369385, 0.008378888480365276, 0.047800708562135696, 0.039573948830366135, 0.0016098057385534048, -0.08406767249107361, 0.007958391681313515, 0.05151967331767082, -0.04785682633519173, -0.06481042504310608, -0.04204913228750229, -0.01567005179822445, 0.020611224696040154, -0.09433697909116745, 0.013301542028784752, -0.08143069595098495, -0.0900014117360115, 0.00423233350738883, -0.0022844409104436636, 0.054193876683712006, -0.008563950657844543, 0.04370879754424095, 0.03187837824225426, -0.03989885747432709, -0.003251120448112488, -0.025577133521437645, -0.0014177480479702353, 0.04194367304444313, -0.06656555831432343, 0.08030926436185837, 0.03324954956769943, -0.08515468239784241, 0.0016573832836002111, 0.01370040699839592, -0.060471195727586746, -0.02687036246061325, -0.0874752625823021, -0.022500833496451378, -0.04635374993085861, -0.034718092530965805, 0.021211866289377213, 0.08613690733909607, -0.043224554508924484, 0.09426283091306686, 0.05034793168306351, 0.05534924194216728, 0.03807231783866882, 0.09850256890058517, -0.06925315409898758, 0.039815738797187805, 0.03558115288615227, 0.05439108982682228, 0.019742412492632866, -5.0795623707244886e-8, -0.019608331844210625, -0.0935593694448471, -0.006898010149598122, -0.014641644433140755, 0.0465824268758297, -0.008583834394812584, -0.04792060703039169, -0.08068918436765671, -0.07119489461183548, 0.034544799476861954, -0.022428326308727264, 0.054423052817583084, 0.02346303127706051, -0.01747686043381691, 0.01308145560324192, -0.09500327706336975, 0.07126931846141815, 0.12836617231369019, 0.006161923985928297, 0.02295847423374653, 0.010807066224515438, -0.04266621917486191, 0.053727731108665466, -0.015029242262244225, 0.03897979483008385, 0.00220929691568017, -0.0036593570839613676, 0.11865819990634918, 0.006077894940972328, -0.013770311139523983, 0.08746521919965744, 0.012357833795249462, 0.057874973863363266, -0.02592155896127224, -0.05070367828011513, -0.010424228385090828, 0.028163256123661995, 0.03162219375371933, 0.02718769945204258, 0.07311289757490158, -0.018928557634353638, -0.05957021191716194, 0.02746952697634697, 0.03666442260146141, -0.02790471352636814, -0.031952764838933945, -0.07600917667150497, 0.05059034377336502, -0.01547250710427761, -0.07927855849266052, -0.02090146765112877, -0.02534795179963112, -0.04467802867293358, -0.0025343415327370167, 0.06306329369544983, 0.10095543414354324, 0.022731665521860123, -0.02030244469642639, 0.0013297259574756026, -0.026746012270450592, -0.014162006787955761, -0.01360315177589655, -0.0307006873190403, 0.006792639382183552 ]
d stress management training program Once-weekly 1-hr sessions Biofeedback ( 1 ); 5-8 wk Face-to-face (yes); individual sessions PS; mental health; work-related outcome Subsyndromal symptoms Bennett (2011); USA; RCT ( 53 ) Passive; medium-term Diverse; diverse settings 72; 73 Psycho- educational health and leadership development program Interactive learning elements (self-assessment, sumulation tools. short videos, reading material), web-based coaching and seminars, links to other online health courses, min
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
1
0.684
["leadership", "management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950368
[ -0.015003587119281292, 0.01661388762295246, -0.028271883726119995, 0.07715219259262085, -0.04224275052547455, 0.033271633088588715, -0.02913796901702881, 0.01884111575782299, -0.06191130727529526, -0.04919903725385666, -0.05603596940636635, 0.013110319152474403, -0.07608968019485474, 0.013477632775902748, 0.04697612673044205, -0.07101564854383469, 0.009435229003429413, 0.034707166254520416, 0.044954027980566025, -0.03216741234064102, 0.028854073956608772, 0.045651938766241074, 0.05216120183467865, 0.061164237558841705, -0.02007400430738926, 0.02241191454231739, 0.01002351101487875, 0.014706067740917206, 0.07151247560977936, -0.003949583973735571, 0.03826611489057541, -0.05972494184970856, 0.024210629984736443, 0.04498213529586792, 0.025942182168364525, 0.0632069781422615, 0.02256176993250847, 0.05331658944487572, -0.0639474019408226, 0.04194281995296478, -0.11205614358186722, 0.0286923386156559, 0.059937987476587296, -0.010392331518232822, -0.045595090836286545, -0.03911855071783066, -0.1367470771074295, -0.01181239914149046, 0.008776954375207424, -0.09563837945461273, -0.032430246472358704, -0.06870527565479279, 0.07480215281248093, 0.04491069167852402, 0.018733661621809006, 0.05338335782289505, 0.08303824812173843, -0.022783780470490456, -0.052597008645534515, 0.05422234535217285, 0.0012561073526740074, -0.01998688094317913, -0.015472475439310074, 0.02111824043095112, 0.004941225983202457, 0.03777683526277542, -0.046071235090494156, 0.07028162479400635, 0.07491687685251236, -0.08245352655649185, -0.07679260522127151, -0.09720632433891296, 0.005130053497850895, 0.055045340210199356, 0.07338657975196838, 0.06718519330024719, 0.0011240140302106738, -0.06655354797840118, 0.044298458844423294, 0.05506175756454468, 0.010850937105715275, 0.10677795857191086, 0.09086471050977707, 0.03298225626349449, -0.0004056266334373504, -0.023989111185073853, 0.05523191764950752, 0.009778764098882675, -0.004519174806773663, 0.07542285323143005, 0.07306535542011261, -0.004964573308825493, -0.06397666037082672, -0.0030578398145735264, -0.07301220297813416, -0.03811713308095932, -0.05372414365410805, 0.07688397914171219, -0.06839286535978317, -0.010008562356233597, 0.003944525495171547, 0.0003161387285217643, -0.0462162084877491, 0.026366207748651505, -0.07640691101551056, -0.06708593666553497, 0.03064764104783535, -0.03690287470817566, 0.024411290884017944, -0.05396811664104462, -0.07473272830247879, 0.00561505975201726, -0.03711766377091408, -0.020005453377962112, 0.03616034984588623, -0.011350627057254314, -0.009612800553441048, 0.014430363662540913, 0.06786119937896729, 0.03864990919828415, 0.04921090230345726, 0.012666161172091961, 0.059857357293367386, -0.04775495082139969, 0.05079064518213272, -0.044757094234228134, -0.040827635675668716, 4.886055777866089e-33, 0.13593082129955292, 0.013439062051475048, -0.004025329370051622, 0.05624277889728546, -0.041158128529787064, 0.02417105995118618, 0.02339591644704342, 0.004610201343894005, 0.030823638662695885, -0.04806697368621826, 0.002847837982699275, 0.042334165424108505, 0.0039689973928034306, 0.028270898386836052, -0.07836798578500748, -0.06487210094928741, -0.04465783014893532, 0.06474573910236359, 0.024122094735503197, -0.006686293054372072, -0.0034433635883033276, -0.02607424557209015, -0.013601808808743954, 0.031136075034737587, 0.011191454716026783, 0.011127657257020473, 0.060079995542764664, 0.06693632900714874, 0.09059701859951019, 0.017287038266658783, -0.11814247816801071, -0.01680496148765087, -0.06836743652820587, -0.00866030901670456, -0.013269207440316677, 0.05752027407288551, -0.030266383662819862, -0.010747002437710762, 0.04854482039809227, -0.027442853897809982, -0.01758848875761032, -0.0002640140301082283, 0.028207281604409218, -0.01645343378186226, 0.011713879182934761, 0.01021333783864975, 0.01507981400936842, -0.07787235826253891, -0.013447332195937634, 0.03162631765007973, -0.10282556712627411, -0.029112547636032104, 0.014789045788347721, -0.1144496351480484, -0.032034847885370255, -0.008005857467651367, 0.00827261433005333, -0.0357518345117569, 0.0042859409004449844, 0.03316149860620499, 0.06378191709518433, 0.034724920988082886, -0.08202868700027466, -0.0013977624475955963, 0.030917366966605186, -0.05682053416967392, -0.018874552100896835, -0.052612170577049255, 0.03153514117002487, -0.04088133946061134, -0.06187460198998451, 0.018391480669379234, 0.07522078603506088, -0.040886204689741135, 0.016248906031250954, -0.10388842970132828, 0.016878195106983185, -0.054886963218450546, -0.10800112783908844, -0.00805994588881731, 0.00883936882019043, -0.00008467540465062484, -0.011080722324550152, 0.02793865278363228, 0.0866251140832901, -0.032063938677310944, -0.0407567135989666, -0.038257695734500885, -0.05744263902306557, 0.034048713743686676, -0.040547095239162445, -0.01440048310905695, 0.07900995016098022, 0.10136513411998749, -0.01739729382097721, -4.449581501094327e-33, -0.016160327941179276, 0.07960281521081924, -0.06278427690267563, 0.0011148483026772738, 0.1315290629863739, 0.08922011405229568, 0.011216429062187672, 0.0755772814154625, 0.007844895124435425, -0.001397799700498581, 0.07239284366369247, -0.06008191406726837, -0.1319957971572876, 0.040011122822761536, -0.06645103543996811, 0.03841707855463028, -0.09755326062440872, -0.02354983054101467, -0.08476780354976654, -0.016936181113123894, 0.014373418875038624, 0.0326593816280365, 0.006959622260183096, 0.05365808308124542, 0.041671860963106155, -0.012053482234477997, 0.021923070773482323, 0.043770432472229004, 0.08360283821821213, 0.043377585709095, 0.08803939819335938, 0.04108390957117081, -0.016318688169121742, 0.08151949197053909, -0.04652094468474388, 0.008411167189478874, 0.010099898092448711, -0.016252169385552406, -0.06116839870810509, 0.10445627570152283, 0.05012385547161102, 0.008389304392039776, 0.005719367880374193, -0.03806670382618904, 0.036228761076927185, 0.055657900869846344, -0.010022459551692009, -0.09132825583219528, -0.058066923171281815, 0.04540717974305153, -0.01996234804391861, -0.05687025561928749, -0.057317379862070084, 0.026732485741376877, 0.027401447296142578, -0.0882098600268364, 0.03192918375134468, -0.026944564655423164, -0.14869756996631622, -0.014748618006706238, 0.01337414514273405, 0.021450741216540337, -0.036234769970178604, -0.004591817036271095, 0.009574470110237598, -0.057953622192144394, 0.023207813501358032, 0.0013664214638993144, -0.06718649715185165, 0.06655214726924896, -0.07932380586862564, 0.08722761273384094, 0.07119778543710709, -0.07081730663776398, -0.06512773036956787, 0.00801213551312685, -0.044696904718875885, -0.02748655155301094, -0.11163906753063202, 0.00906843040138483, -0.03733984753489494, -0.07594352215528488, -0.002697079675272107, 0.08372173458337784, 0.014458724297583103, 0.07036041468381882, 0.047768112272024155, 0.09484963864088058, -0.020326582714915276, 0.08883410692214966, -0.08487824350595474, 0.06539983302354813, 0.009986953809857368, 0.0017208736389875412, 0.04917159676551819, -4.991044022517599e-8, 0.014757713302969933, -0.07838215678930283, 0.030212903395295143, 0.006378540303558111, 0.015999604016542435, -0.010346709750592709, -0.0335480161011219, -0.04585084691643715, -0.02107473462820053, 0.05923167243599892, -0.01932707615196705, -0.0025998158380389214, 0.016102321445941925, -0.017859581857919693, 0.018965061753988266, -0.1128988116979599, 0.05175785720348358, 0.10508318990468979, 0.04186573624610901, -0.014284176751971245, 0.04609835147857666, -0.047460369765758514, -0.006360345054417849, -0.03584318980574608, 0.015777552500367165, 0.0023990506306290627, 0.03042079694569111, 0.09273762255907059, -0.020013730973005295, -0.0307624451816082, 0.05888579413294792, 0.03390735387802124, 0.03394129499793053, -0.050395987927913666, -0.038034334778785706, -0.05158259719610214, -0.0031205895356833935, -0.05139506235718727, -0.00018396854284219444, 0.07577214390039444, -0.0679657831788063, 0.016011061146855354, 0.06880723685026169, 0.04170314595103264, 0.01487392745912075, 0.012438181787729263, -0.08587591350078583, 0.014401343651115894, -0.016884002834558487, -0.05561801791191101, -0.019170213490724564, 0.01724073477089405, 0.0009234083699993789, -0.02255253866314888, 0.04162124544382095, 0.12135530263185501, 0.016944697126746178, -0.0019112084992229939, -0.06977256387472153, -0.005237525794655085, 0.014392903074622154, -0.02581094391644001, -0.05169186368584633, 0.04510212689638138 ]
eminars, links to other online health courses, minimum of 10 hrs spend on user platform Multimodal ( 2 ); >12 wk Virtual (no); self-practice Mental health General mental health Blank (2018); Austria; RCT ( 54 ) Alternative (free time at home); short-term Middle; diverse settings 20; 20 Short vacation based on effort– recovery model 4 nights including one session of moderate physical activity and one session of active recovery Alternative to the others ( 1 ); <1week Face-to-face (no); mixed (individual sessi
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.714
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950389
[ 0.06607682257890701, -0.08693600445985794, -0.02419959381222725, 0.04931294545531273, 0.06000109761953354, 0.011734999716281891, 0.020481538027524948, 0.06466339528560638, 0.011545060202479362, -0.01699809543788433, 0.04845554381608963, -0.014188435859978199, -0.09683754295110703, 0.005752658937126398, 0.11481159180402756, -0.0726640596985817, 0.027861038222908974, -0.00923929549753666, 0.008351326920092106, -0.002109718043357134, -0.02758355252444744, 0.023497655987739563, 0.04638422653079033, 0.06467835605144501, -0.010030576959252357, -0.008531574159860611, -0.002521141665056348, -0.01865585334599018, 0.05154962092638016, -0.03799348324537277, 0.047436896711587906, 0.03630615770816803, -0.0094826091080904, -0.00898523535579443, -0.0258405189961195, 0.007332648150622845, -0.07742564380168915, -0.04289674013853073, -0.11800824105739594, -0.016475245356559753, -0.14194272458553314, 0.0016469428082928061, 0.022642457857728004, -0.023762172088027, 0.008016846142709255, -0.06853887438774109, -0.10782483220100403, -0.028457947075366974, 0.06664829701185226, 0.0016914881998673081, 0.002801671391353011, -0.05580049008131027, 0.0488060899078846, 0.08195966482162476, 0.02484256401658058, -0.01397270429879427, -0.04414374753832817, -0.03497544676065445, -0.027265040203928947, 0.026676196604967117, 0.05032547563314438, -0.032145772129297256, -0.03783975914120674, 0.009230285882949829, 0.000800683512352407, 0.008948314003646374, -0.018535450100898743, 0.06269726902246475, 0.0817408636212349, 0.03866513818502426, -0.1337059587240219, -0.11256484687328339, 0.005954016000032425, 0.07600133121013641, 0.05871625617146492, -0.008780286647379398, 0.011083658784627914, -0.03742196783423424, 0.03430661931633949, 0.07304461300373077, 0.01419016532599926, 0.07532075047492981, 0.016337189823389053, 0.048881106078624725, 0.011218703351914883, -0.0010921420762315392, -0.01187177188694477, 0.08641253411769867, 0.0038898843340575695, 0.014592430554330349, 0.037520237267017365, 0.04603959992527962, 0.015367059968411922, -0.022155005484819412, -0.04932418093085289, -0.0420379638671875, 0.028793644160032272, 0.03678496181964874, -0.03355914726853371, 0.08092891424894333, -0.03380586579442024, 0.05797494575381279, 0.018667278811335564, 0.012426383793354034, -0.1326199173927307, -0.009688456542789936, 0.03759845346212387, 0.033292125910520554, 0.0433642752468586, -0.026555202901363373, -0.03948480263352394, -0.019229060038924217, 0.005266806110739708, -0.08647704869508743, 0.029913926497101784, 0.08577611297369003, -0.0013079193886369467, 0.0013390803942456841, 0.13457027077674866, 0.03930008038878441, 0.029842812567949295, -0.023671993985772133, 0.10426987707614899, -0.07702243328094482, 0.055879656225442886, -0.053550004959106445, -0.06873729825019836, 5.656359430011842e-33, 0.050717223435640335, 0.014354775659739971, 0.01950978860259056, 0.030362000688910484, 0.04045078530907631, -0.04015417769551277, -0.022668028250336647, -0.023615768179297447, 0.029750637710094452, -0.046659473329782486, 0.04812893643975258, 0.0742175281047821, 0.03151504695415497, 0.05998799577355385, -0.004336086567491293, -0.07883778214454651, -0.03200908750295639, 0.06128880754113197, 0.011211778968572617, 0.038991447538137436, 0.05663022771477699, -0.09789405018091202, 0.03682911768555641, 0.04150788486003876, 0.002372081857174635, -0.009008167311549187, 0.08355972170829773, -0.012047620490193367, 0.06511205434799194, 0.018911460414528847, -0.07872895896434784, 0.0864015445113182, -0.11195674538612366, -0.06413828581571579, 0.03303923457860947, 0.011503759771585464, 0.006977381184697151, -0.01210224162787199, -0.024470411241054535, -0.06625466793775558, 0.013145146891474724, 0.046058330684900284, 0.006413332186639309, 0.0050371065735816956, 0.023867512121796608, 0.0038952287286520004, -0.008011722937226295, -0.03706676512956619, 0.04203703999519348, 0.027194008231163025, -0.13848407566547394, -0.024116607382893562, -0.013221089728176594, -0.07964161038398743, -0.0077681210823357105, 0.00785536877810955, -0.041647955775260925, 0.007316903676837683, -0.018444908782839775, 0.06955195218324661, 0.035496532917022705, 0.002564847469329834, -0.048914533108472824, -0.04467891901731491, -0.009057234972715378, -0.006460909266024828, -0.029886743053793907, -0.09085779637098312, -0.005015024449676275, -0.07556485384702682, -0.037175219506025314, 0.04847875237464905, 0.013174169696867466, -0.06186442822217941, 0.021693378686904907, -0.018485980108380318, 0.013592850416898727, 0.017301378771662712, -0.10744418203830719, 0.0549282431602478, 0.012361002154648304, -0.009447419084608555, -0.05364559590816498, 0.025607751682400703, 0.03848068416118622, 0.028720863163471222, -0.04374224320054054, -0.041372042149305344, -0.05813741683959961, -0.006129798945039511, -0.038166344165802, -0.015976842492818832, 0.11616160720586777, 0.04195993021130562, -0.05691225454211235, -4.844324993727929e-33, 0.043309327214956284, 0.021349577233195305, -0.043832071125507355, 0.050304170697927475, 0.1254882961511612, 0.032790008932352066, 0.013218049891293049, 0.0952797532081604, 0.017789293080568314, 0.08942607790231705, 0.008144360035657883, 0.013039954006671906, -0.05160241201519966, 0.012079480104148388, 0.010626074858009815, -0.017313944175839424, -0.0029260863084346056, -0.06073710322380066, -0.0854516476392746, 0.047586601227521896, 0.04207921028137207, 0.1033400297164917, 0.04606185480952263, -0.05771445855498314, 0.025644097477197647, 0.08338101208209991, 0.0366038903594017, 0.05863495543599129, -0.025019045919179916, -0.014892295002937317, -0.00026631721993908286, -0.014716441743075848, -0.03880750760436058, -0.03413596376776695, -0.028561251237988472, 0.05463748797774315, 0.01705925725400448, 0.060662221163511276, -0.09858808666467667, 0.07933516800403595, 0.08533412963151932, 0.016781829297542572, -0.06492059677839279, -0.05185769498348236, 0.014889082871377468, 0.011171568185091019, -0.1075926199555397, 0.0027004247531294823, 0.0027995542623102665, -0.01967613771557808, 0.052269041538238525, -0.08483026176691055, -0.014031481929123402, -0.029142387211322784, 0.04047627002000809, -0.1083507239818573, -0.01893860287964344, -0.06870894879102707, -0.12668801844120026, -0.004230146296322346, -0.02950316108763218, 0.019028687849640846, -0.08537149429321289, 0.06472001224756241, 0.03476731479167938, -0.0736534520983696, -0.0030946775805205107, 0.049673181027173996, -0.04931213706731796, 0.004072803072631359, -0.07882189750671387, 0.017870167270302773, 0.010033998638391495, -0.056401435285806656, 0.0025758687406778336, -0.0027192740235477686, 0.03312217444181442, 0.007667986210435629, -0.04974900931119919, -0.02123096212744713, -0.03398849815130234, -0.05323900654911995, -0.03039560653269291, 0.0068824999034404755, 0.005545937456190586, -0.008618608117103577, -0.010095796547830105, 0.02514893002808094, 0.0463564358651638, 0.0834352970123291, -0.03221091255545616, 0.05799713730812073, 0.0300039891153574, 0.061421506106853485, 0.04147939011454582, -4.867336755864926e-8, 0.052966661751270294, -0.05244455114006996, 0.0055298591032624245, 0.05023670569062233, 0.03147267550230026, -0.05920608714222908, 0.0026476222556084394, -0.0411326102912426, -0.02617158740758896, 0.1545524001121521, -0.02898065373301506, 0.06259980797767639, 0.07868527621030807, 0.01226089522242546, -0.03646928817033768, -0.038350798189640045, -0.002576400525867939, 0.08916151523590088, -0.03419453650712967, -0.016787342727184296, 0.03017420507967472, -0.08794929087162018, 0.013300673104822636, 0.022350218147039413, -0.03612609580159187, 0.010185147635638714, 0.055947139859199524, 0.018639659509062767, 0.0012674627359956503, -0.03971148654818535, -0.005372999701648951, 0.02969265729188919, 0.049101389944553375, -0.053951237350702286, -0.07519631832838058, -0.10571666806936264, -0.026588648557662964, -0.04564771056175232, -0.08924046158790588, 0.0633583590388298, -0.09043591469526291, -0.07526429742574692, 0.02639521099627018, 0.017791680991649628, -0.017562253400683403, -0.036247458308935165, -0.1328912228345871, -0.02777148224413395, 0.040251851081848145, -0.03572392836213112, -0.00735683087259531, -0.000950570625718683, 0.01021546870470047, 0.0035657098051160574, -0.01079040952026844, 0.0805060938000679, 0.047842513769865036, 0.012116826139390469, -0.0092393159866333, 0.022171208634972572, 0.07570359855890274, -0.04664578288793564, -0.08361055701971054, 0.04730638861656189 ]
<1week Face-to-face (no); mixed (individual sessions, self-practice) PS Perceived stress Cedstrand (2022); Sweden; CBA ( 55 ) passive; long-term Lower; production 54; 20 Co-created occupational health intervention built on behavior change weel framework; structured roundmaking and duties clarification and staffing plan 4 modules: 1 full-day face-to-face workshops plus a 2-hr online follow-up, 1 online full day plus 2x 3-hr online follow-ups Organization-focused ( 1 ); NR Hybrid (no); group sessions PS / De
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.696
[]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950409
[ 0.004683259408921003, 0.041509345173835754, -0.025108596310019493, 0.040863893926143646, -0.049917519092559814, 0.05234261229634285, -0.03535556420683861, 0.028774214908480644, -0.036196839064359665, -0.04425780102610588, 0.026002511382102966, -0.023232823237776756, -0.051151782274246216, 0.020246876403689384, 0.1140819638967514, -0.06513813883066177, 0.015609664842486382, -0.02620588056743145, 0.03477420285344124, -0.03318171948194504, 0.026484327390789986, 0.0050147403962910175, -0.0016055380692705512, 0.0493214949965477, -0.06137353554368019, 0.03324441611766815, 0.024582233279943466, -0.0186199638992548, 0.07487767934799194, -0.02896645851433277, 0.009474333375692368, 0.09747310727834702, -0.0057619293220341206, -0.015207746997475624, -0.01983538269996643, 0.10651057958602905, 0.04043404757976532, -0.0021193420980125666, -0.05827316641807556, 0.028682775795459747, -0.13828745484352112, -0.03649843856692314, -0.008804933167994022, -0.05213192105293274, 0.0027031388599425554, -0.02790403552353382, -0.060251619666814804, -0.011064735241234303, -0.010123510845005512, -0.021137258037924767, 0.0038559327367693186, -0.06669601052999496, 0.11006546765565872, 0.03876877948641777, -0.018352337181568146, -0.01297957543283701, 0.021308977156877518, -0.01271736714988947, -0.00995045155286789, 0.08479748666286469, -0.042086511850357056, -0.03034503199160099, -0.025376737117767334, 0.04762992635369301, -0.027522753924131393, 0.009216873906552792, -0.06495869904756546, -0.003591928631067276, 0.007461476139724255, -0.009590929374098778, -0.11157573759555817, -0.12262953072786331, 0.0020385668613016605, 0.04226132109761238, 0.03655501455068588, 0.009188869036734104, -0.018405770882964134, -0.06337973475456238, 0.06368275731801987, -0.03631148114800453, 0.015979230403900146, 0.12043872475624084, 0.02922738529741764, 0.05011967197060585, -0.04432591050863266, -0.052483707666397095, 0.03851676732301712, 0.04263009503483772, 0.0009369897306896746, 0.03839137777686119, 0.08182475715875626, 0.09877623617649078, -0.07499854266643524, -0.008547271601855755, -0.07994907349348068, -0.018674781545996666, -0.044835593551397324, 0.07923000305891037, -0.019155588001012802, 0.029945962131023407, 0.03304743021726608, 0.005724561866372824, -0.02940930426120758, 0.0038674178067594767, -0.1555146872997284, -0.06439843773841858, -0.021601097658276558, -0.03698376938700676, -0.005023072008043528, -0.02098029851913452, -0.09367851912975311, 0.0033133754041045904, -0.014560271054506302, -0.11540719121694565, 0.018831072375178337, 0.002765398472547531, -0.04973682016134262, 0.02825704775750637, 0.07095387578010559, 0.028487451374530792, 0.06023970991373062, 0.019784871488809586, 0.05245577543973923, -0.030711691826581955, 0.03755229339003563, 0.0559045784175396, 0.03971893712878227, 6.983058721206354e-33, 0.08207908272743225, 0.0435921773314476, -0.021011510863900185, 0.0875287652015686, 0.014299777336418629, -0.023691978305578232, 0.027439860627055168, -0.009301253594458103, 0.05932808294892311, -0.03178616613149643, 0.02759554795920849, 0.08933887630701065, -0.00906904973089695, -0.001816309872083366, 0.007733255624771118, -0.04132627323269844, -0.03588489443063736, 0.0653315931558609, -0.018483951687812805, 0.04880554974079132, -0.03639556095004082, -0.06916788965463638, -0.003305854508653283, 0.08755786716938019, -0.019205238670110703, 0.09034298360347748, 0.10526341944932938, -0.04962011054158211, 0.030526798218488693, 0.015859900042414665, 0.01190597377717495, 0.015516296960413456, -0.021428227424621582, -0.04977596551179886, 0.007635716814547777, 0.05316448584198952, -0.006031530909240246, -0.025180187076330185, 0.0012013963423669338, -0.0743485614657402, -0.07923154532909393, -0.0169366504997015, 0.04819031432271004, -0.025957293808460236, 0.05246715620160103, 0.013843332417309284, -0.01228069793432951, -0.023884378373622894, -0.02868519350886345, 0.06656233966350555, -0.051797378808259964, 0.04699800908565521, 0.008930551819503307, -0.0072042495012283325, -0.021806644275784492, -0.006577111314982176, -0.015712857246398926, -0.021461769938468933, 0.008543580770492554, 0.03805450350046158, 0.10691960901021957, 0.03959544375538826, -0.09657776355743408, 0.06807287037372589, -0.0036857021041214466, -0.05135081708431244, -0.002428232692182064, -0.08487072587013245, 0.04023557901382446, -0.0528605580329895, -0.017974264919757843, 0.1067267656326294, 0.035484835505485535, -0.013006309047341347, -0.044511593878269196, -0.06002262607216835, -0.019225677475333214, 0.034902121871709824, -0.03528157249093056, 0.06484177708625793, -0.02965332753956318, 0.07749461382627487, -0.053427573293447495, -0.027880243957042694, 0.09050002694129944, -0.001116124214604497, 0.014179068617522717, -0.016454599797725677, -0.06828667968511581, 0.04476974159479141, 0.010075571946799755, -0.004670832771807909, 0.09527681767940521, 0.12118353694677353, -0.01840011589229107, -6.41560351702628e-33, 0.04002847149968147, 0.01097891852259636, -0.04416970536112785, -0.014994319528341293, 0.10374972224235535, 0.05667225643992424, 0.008457345888018608, 0.0006831010105088353, 0.07033006101846695, 0.08447365462779999, 0.0032341915648430586, -0.059197939932346344, -0.06174027547240257, 0.049518682062625885, -0.02149992622435093, -0.04707568511366844, 0.0101765226572752, -0.0004178369417786598, -0.04712739214301109, 0.004827324766665697, 0.08995374292135239, 0.0168384350836277, -0.004567544441670179, 0.044604137539863586, 0.0078736562281847, 0.029259439557790756, -0.007301711477339268, -0.031181534752249718, 0.009451509453356266, 0.00010138421930605546, -0.010857399553060532, -0.01768813468515873, -0.02448352798819542, 0.07116776704788208, -0.04801829531788826, -0.0409628301858902, -0.044632989913225174, -0.018393686041235924, -0.06025926023721695, 0.054002419114112854, 0.0007613127818331122, 0.006509595550596714, -0.05023542046546936, -0.007777913007885218, 0.002504314063116908, -0.04461178183555603, -0.05501512438058853, -0.10770739614963531, -0.08686010539531708, -0.0325264111161232, 0.012896427884697914, 0.02532118931412697, -0.08509203046560287, -0.056612178683280945, 0.026326311752200127, -0.08779755234718323, 0.0192868672311306, -0.16003285348415375, -0.13778437674045563, -0.04106961935758591, 0.05305970832705498, 0.024067044258117676, -0.03129531443119049, 0.07587594538927078, 0.011944676749408245, -0.04385630413889885, 0.003749556140974164, -0.023180924355983734, -0.01061303075402975, 0.03264155238866806, -0.061924759298563004, 0.018642868846654892, 0.036394231021404266, -0.08078741282224655, -0.014433082193136215, -0.07147745788097382, -0.009449978359043598, -0.03228683024644852, -0.0515655055642128, 0.01009527686983347, -0.10053505003452301, -0.07280316203832626, 0.040257032960653305, 0.004314384888857603, -0.024370761588215828, 0.06819068640470505, 0.006441972684115171, 0.05825961381196976, -0.0047138044610619545, 0.06725141406059265, -0.07410608977079391, 0.03496585041284561, -0.003699182067066431, 0.05232318490743637, 0.03092433325946331, -5.684787751647491e-8, -0.008627337403595448, -0.038077615201473236, 0.030247092247009277, -0.00889800675213337, 0.05440153181552887, -0.06295746564865112, -0.006714403163641691, 0.033716317266225815, -0.02925826422870159, 0.08304072916507721, -0.0015075030969455838, 0.028300486505031586, 0.05980508774518967, 0.00877902191132307, 0.07213656604290009, -0.030046038329601288, 0.0492599681019783, 0.09717599302530289, -0.019353315234184265, -0.040018707513809204, 0.05084174871444702, -0.05407743528485298, -0.05167366936802864, -0.014892366714775562, -0.014044411480426788, 0.05051196739077568, -0.009540890343487263, 0.1132509708404541, -0.0018047792837023735, -0.023052847012877464, 0.03625158965587616, 0.040897175669670105, -0.021630434319376945, -0.07701686769723892, -0.05956986919045448, -0.0826488733291626, 0.0074042887426912785, 0.03720477968454361, 0.011667056940495968, 0.09599605947732925, -0.10876601189374924, 0.04141221567988396, 0.06269317120313644, 0.05369272083044052, -0.03454223647713661, -0.013006055727601051, -0.12141089141368866, -0.012429807335138321, -0.03419051319360733, -0.08883005380630493, 0.0022556420881301165, -0.020557140931487083, 0.03602602705359459, 0.04689745604991913, -0.019950462505221367, 0.11557280272245407, 0.08847741037607193, -0.001756024663336575, -0.06421266496181488, 0.022408831864595413, 0.03968654200434685, -0.04616600647568703, -0.045452266931533813, 0.08405175805091858 ]
used ( 1 ); NR Hybrid (no); group sessions PS / Deval (2017); France; CBA ( 56 ) Passive; short-term NR; service 53; 27 Acceptance and commitment therapy intervention 3x4-hr sessions including homework assignments on mindfulness and values-based action Cognitiv-behavioral ( 1 ); 5-8 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) PS; mindfulness; mental health; work-related outcomes Perceived stress; general mental health Gast (2022); Germany; RCT ( 57 ) Waitlist; short-term Diverse; production
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.696
["ethics"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950431
[ 0.023333732038736343, 0.028594184666872025, -0.06388667970895767, 0.004139897413551807, 0.0015691156731918454, 0.09984597563743591, 0.014818993397057056, -0.01825775019824505, 0.026029329746961594, -0.05696041136980057, 0.04506220296025276, 0.014067891985177994, -0.057071853429079056, 0.03540729731321335, 0.10777825117111206, -0.014813833869993687, 0.031972818076610565, -0.015593680553138256, 0.01242346502840519, -0.027161452919244766, -0.05004213750362396, 0.03301948308944702, 0.033761054277420044, 0.04968727007508278, -0.034964270889759064, 0.053833968937397, -0.039474327117204666, -0.08132869005203247, 0.07446736097335815, 0.011953836306929588, -0.023328345268964767, 0.06505607813596725, 0.007786936592310667, 0.04518130421638489, 0.028870312497019768, 0.047521770000457764, -0.04253307729959488, 0.004918314516544342, 0.014281069859862328, 0.028852932155132294, -0.08172719925642014, -0.023529231548309326, 0.010416909120976925, 0.013453674502670765, -0.00048380918451584876, -0.09336616843938828, -0.05427633970975876, -0.07857336848974228, -0.06519361585378647, -0.08194509148597717, -0.012093859724700451, 0.017109056934714317, 0.008045020513236523, 0.07695847004652023, -0.00806258711963892, -0.015748480334877968, 0.03376403823494911, 0.06622517853975296, 0.006978973746299744, 0.10975761711597443, 0.0018395512597635388, -0.03129776194691658, -0.023426206782460213, -0.007404195610433817, 0.01057418528944254, 0.04061761498451233, -0.04973883554339409, 0.03222003951668739, 0.04593804106116295, -0.04435534402728081, -0.08140894770622253, -0.036727454513311386, 0.010260818526148796, -0.02445044554769993, 0.039766062051057816, 0.007509658113121986, -0.010848880745470524, -0.05333261936903, 0.038528457283973694, -0.0352553054690361, -0.008967192843556404, 0.06934622675180435, 0.02782486565411091, 0.02050461806356907, 0.018576806411147118, -0.04209252446889877, 0.0107251713052392, 0.0545162670314312, 0.03886890038847923, 0.006762136239558458, 0.05860593542456627, 0.06532566994428635, -0.09799913316965103, -0.02370113879442215, -0.08646392822265625, -0.034355226904153824, -0.07324735075235367, 0.07460988312959671, -0.062402449548244476, -0.009673082269728184, 0.07239994406700134, 0.02929903008043766, -0.03105216659605503, -0.0011524020228534937, -0.1181773766875267, -0.037622641772031784, 0.014996462501585484, -0.03448547050356865, 0.03185390681028366, -0.024180402979254723, -0.13616186380386353, 0.00872458890080452, -0.039946552366018295, -0.055230822414159775, 0.0071433368138968945, -0.010770012624561787, -0.04358906298875809, 0.02199658378958702, 0.12695468962192535, 0.0014901813119649887, 0.06813859194517136, 0.0074518839828670025, 0.13041633367538452, -0.025171324610710144, -0.022327061742544174, -0.0287631805986166, -0.020136214792728424, 2.749209637175695e-33, 0.04867377132177353, -0.0029235032852739096, 0.023358648642897606, 0.06652940809726715, -0.019721876829862595, 0.00348136224783957, -0.004701576195657253, 0.026823481544852257, 0.03185027092695236, -0.04348457604646683, 0.0023223969619721174, 0.04054710268974304, 0.040577538311481476, 0.06162659451365471, -0.07501670718193054, -0.05551566556096077, -0.10568264126777649, 0.04524233937263489, -0.07068460434675217, 0.04251903295516968, 0.03917012736201286, 0.06123616173863411, 0.03916740417480469, 0.10493573546409607, -0.013412358239293098, -0.010288232006132603, 0.0534532256424427, -0.006011337041854858, -0.021254241466522217, 0.031246649101376534, -0.0419621504843235, 0.0444677472114563, -0.03024941124022007, 0.010424453765153885, -0.06545327603816986, 0.06618159264326096, 0.012022900395095348, -0.025921033695340157, 0.05299236625432968, -0.07569944113492966, 0.041166357696056366, 0.03459246829152107, 0.04638196900486946, 0.015904925763607025, 0.02521771937608719, 0.010418310761451721, -0.021544380113482475, -0.00950646586716175, 0.041257333010435104, 0.0608040913939476, -0.1361277550458908, 0.01920235902070999, -0.06533575803041458, -0.016696978360414505, -0.01856079138815403, -0.011209283024072647, 0.030256012454628944, 0.08699561655521393, -0.017889270558953285, -0.023562856018543243, 0.0016859718598425388, -0.01338379830121994, -0.1230027973651886, -0.001225886051543057, -0.004558666609227657, 0.03390530124306679, -0.04983702301979065, -0.03677811473608017, 0.05279541015625, -0.03543146327137947, -0.07549592107534409, 0.029837245121598244, 0.012768954038619995, 0.03947756811976433, 0.02773210220038891, -0.11471458524465561, 0.017058413475751877, -0.026842139661312103, -0.03688022121787071, 0.02213866077363491, -0.018815765157341957, 0.046802133321762085, -0.05338061973452568, 0.03138352558016777, -0.018878543749451637, -0.04574683681130409, -0.035182077437639236, -0.028294838964939117, -0.08064468204975128, 0.003201090730726719, 0.05200975015759468, 0.01459356490522623, 0.14951355755329132, 0.056321315467357635, -0.07475251704454422, -3.164739359680689e-33, 0.06121891736984253, 0.054555248469114304, -0.04338429495692253, 0.012340218760073185, 0.10902371257543564, 0.07355733215808868, -0.017054719850420952, -0.059415243566036224, 0.06135403737425804, 0.08946285396814346, 0.05180475488305092, -0.004140770062804222, 0.009745154529809952, 0.04398215562105179, -0.07410912960767746, -0.06338592618703842, -0.017583368346095085, -0.005158502142876387, -0.023689743131399155, -0.005150674842298031, 0.056896600872278214, 0.006059515289962292, 0.0330691821873188, 0.028963427990674973, 0.014159388840198517, 0.017239822074770927, -0.0015842063585296273, -0.009892921894788742, 0.08141414821147919, -0.04688204824924469, 0.05208636820316315, -0.003052839543670416, -0.044580936431884766, 0.034204404801130295, -0.011703765951097012, -0.05287383124232292, 0.0463871993124485, 0.026601901277899742, -0.09239412099123001, 0.03681536391377449, 0.013369353488087654, 0.00008392088784603402, -0.0506584607064724, 0.01817050762474537, -0.009761626832187176, 0.06151588633656502, -0.021022072061896324, -0.08720201998949051, -0.07878199219703674, 0.04131702333688736, -0.0059048887342214584, -0.05582816153764725, -0.13120213150978088, -0.05611543357372284, 0.08939989656209946, -0.06999684125185013, -0.03083314560353756, -0.08865310251712799, -0.1714155077934265, -0.053416453301906586, 0.036119475960731506, 0.07215403765439987, 0.010076520033180714, 0.026581918820738792, 0.01988648623228073, -0.02769738994538784, 0.0006735054193995893, 0.06528930366039276, -0.0558326356112957, 0.06662432104349136, -0.03487682715058327, 0.048950888216495514, 0.03818551078438759, -0.03576021268963814, -0.02158413641154766, -0.05130433291196823, 0.002801432739943266, -0.10092739760875702, -0.04571573808789253, -0.07721009850502014, -0.07511017471551895, -0.08200255036354065, 0.0052774520590901375, -0.043070048093795776, -0.030880114063620567, 0.026012839749455452, 0.055439677089452744, 0.034352466464042664, 0.0327213816344738, 0.08672191947698593, -0.09360134601593018, 0.003937193658202887, -0.014161763712763786, 0.04004257544875145, 0.012207318097352982, -5.063036212504812e-8, 0.007018394768238068, -0.022540206089615822, 0.012071539647877216, 0.03203951194882393, 0.011485901661217213, -0.028891747817397118, -0.009080021642148495, -0.008494696579873562, -0.0430382564663887, 0.09486275166273117, -0.0023426413536071777, -0.03846033662557602, 0.0010279944399371743, -0.021837051957845688, -0.031878989189863205, -0.09832184761762619, 0.06310910731554031, 0.02216259390115738, 0.03544182330369949, -0.013860118575394154, 0.0022674063220620155, -0.019669266417622566, -0.012732517905533314, -0.06724799424409866, -0.01245188806205988, 0.054253868758678436, 0.01787482760846615, 0.11852367967367172, -0.03088509663939476, -0.10726886242628098, 0.07681509107351303, 0.03926656022667885, 0.05979187786579132, -0.0556083619594574, -0.07185998558998108, -0.07089271396398544, 0.0021128866355866194, 0.057563792914152145, 0.04945501312613487, 0.10339836776256561, -0.0038580643013119698, 0.036448001861572266, 0.02934851124882698, 0.06244272366166115, 0.005068885162472725, -0.03522638604044914, -0.11423559486865997, 0.0027081265579909086, -0.02221831865608692, -0.03903253376483917, 0.040290940552949905, 0.07265494763851166, -0.006025111768394709, 0.0035109224263578653, 0.018529530614614487, 0.11193808913230896, 0.0780833438038826, -0.006296052131801844, -0.02769647352397442, -0.07081176340579987, 0.040218286216259, -0.05892239138484001, -0.028222577646374702, 0.021183492615818977 ]
CT ( 57 ) Waitlist; short-term Diverse; production 36; 45 Intervention on own and employees work-related stress based on ERI model 1-day intervention incl. theoretical input, interactive group work, case discussion Multimodal ( 2 ); <1 week Virtual (no); group sessions PS; mental health Perceived stress, job stress; subsyndromal symptoms Igu (2023); Nigeria; RCT ( 58 ) Waitlist; mixed NR; teaching 38; 39 Problem-solving client-based psychoeducational intervention for managing workplace threats to mental hea
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.698
["management", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950453
[ -0.033176518976688385, 0.029743976891040802, -0.021683109924197197, 0.041108906269073486, 0.019734516739845276, 0.1041484996676445, -0.030722329393029213, 0.0038852598518133163, -0.011268521659076214, -0.06752055883407593, 0.052006956189870834, -0.020576361566781998, -0.06375890970230103, -0.029988666996359825, 0.07893087714910507, -0.04667606204748154, 0.00964338704943657, -0.01726413145661354, -0.0021944514010101557, -0.07343360036611557, 0.0073132021352648735, 0.061850909143686295, -0.051453426480293274, 0.03596789762377739, -0.1025831550359726, 0.018058035522699356, 0.0433037094771862, -0.015203137882053852, 0.06149183586239815, -0.026912132278084755, 0.013365954160690308, -0.04227977618575096, 0.029157597571611404, -0.0011283865896984935, -0.005174980498850346, 0.021962406113743782, -0.027049293741583824, 0.042289093136787415, 0.005028577521443367, 0.03230149671435356, -0.06918390095233917, -0.016636287793517113, 0.022049659863114357, -0.07422010600566864, -0.0020932594779878855, -0.12929607927799225, -0.068850576877594, 0.008797167800366879, 0.010755016468465328, -0.10573340207338333, -0.01043493952602148, -0.017449527978897095, 0.00055183150107041, 0.026178790256381035, 0.03263740986585617, 0.00483363401144743, 0.08660421520471573, -0.04398048296570778, 0.0012411883799359202, 0.0674050897359848, 0.0012274511391296983, 0.0015332788461819291, -0.003689332166686654, -0.0024825057480484247, 0.04550181329250336, 0.05829868093132973, -0.0598016157746315, -0.03794519230723381, 0.008175459690392017, -0.010668709874153137, -0.07226715981960297, -0.09029049426317215, -0.015783583745360374, 0.0776950865983963, 0.051701758056879044, 0.07875575870275497, -0.005852201022207737, -0.002960643032565713, 0.06588657945394516, 0.005888383369892836, 0.0411771759390831, 0.08004605770111084, 0.042089398950338364, 0.000024806275177979842, -0.04929853230714798, 0.012770411558449268, 0.06179231032729149, 0.0443548783659935, 0.06488463282585144, 0.04399586841464043, 0.08625166118144989, 0.02217390388250351, -0.046744126826524734, -0.001927719684317708, -0.036353450268507004, -0.07935672998428345, -0.06243392080068588, 0.09416703879833221, -0.06376034021377563, -0.014223603531718254, 0.08725927770137787, 0.0017129580955952406, 0.00994733814150095, 0.0014783513033762574, -0.06653371453285217, -0.04506029561161995, 0.0374046266078949, -0.0625201016664505, -0.045892756432294846, -0.02532179467380047, -0.11971775442361832, 0.033188145607709885, -0.03457299619913101, -0.12003088742494583, -0.036260493099689484, -0.01021449826657772, -0.05333075299859047, 0.037544142454862595, 0.0754563957452774, 0.052562158554792404, 0.0737568661570549, 0.07902891933917999, 0.04928799718618393, -0.020692547783255577, 0.02994498610496521, -0.09488261491060257, -0.08958535641431808, 5.687440970015522e-33, 0.04099835455417633, -0.05112293362617493, -0.05544782057404518, 0.0543069951236248, -0.02849825657904148, 0.024746397510170937, -0.01724681816995144, -0.033316485583782196, 0.06830577552318573, -0.06735358387231827, -0.047514501959085464, 0.03614853695034981, -0.0026562500279396772, 0.04520487040281296, -0.08163987100124359, 0.014587863348424435, 0.011754775419831276, 0.058151599019765854, -0.06100756302475929, 0.028685854747891426, -0.023450547829270363, -0.0765770748257637, 0.01097497995942831, 0.05005357787013054, -0.023348692804574966, 0.05280089005827904, 0.021302001550793648, -0.05965498462319374, 0.04126854985952377, 0.032147783786058426, -0.04481751099228859, 0.021339939907193184, 0.013687994331121445, 0.0012920527951791883, -0.0672214925289154, -0.007853525690734386, 0.0225150715559721, -0.04626116529107094, 0.03597693517804146, -0.03862295672297478, -0.05235936492681503, 0.025230994448065758, 0.03619246557354927, 0.052193935960531235, 0.03775008022785187, -0.04947053641080856, -0.034964341670274734, -0.04091256484389305, -0.04154768958687782, 0.10408598929643631, -0.10953973233699799, 0.0331868939101696, -0.01381812896579504, -0.05265776813030243, -0.010453589260578156, -0.054856762290000916, 0.030866168439388275, 0.02977316454052925, 0.05100627243518829, 0.02240557223558426, 0.03496420755982399, 0.02725973166525364, -0.042913518846035004, 0.036103662103414536, 0.0648624524474144, -0.033774010837078094, 0.003053923835977912, -0.08210881799459457, -0.0029593734070658684, -0.04101847484707832, -0.022430192679166794, 0.029196836054325104, 0.0797046646475792, 0.021428678184747696, -0.03892982006072998, -0.06327565759420395, -0.07472680509090424, -0.037131417542696, -0.0601346492767334, 0.006659427657723427, -0.018139392137527466, 0.001073516090400517, -0.03633211553096771, -0.020168880000710487, 0.05291791632771492, 0.03227422758936882, -0.009549662470817566, 0.008264118805527687, -0.05452384054660797, 0.045047495514154434, 0.03944609314203262, 0.026801280677318573, 0.09189850836992264, 0.12166500091552734, 0.03736438229680061, -5.9024906820007514e-33, 0.06577495485544205, -0.03730084002017975, -0.06988465040922165, -0.041160956025123596, 0.19706454873085022, 0.047909725457429886, 0.0144332991912961, 0.034632448107004166, -0.0036666174419224262, 0.053132154047489166, 0.0626191794872284, -0.09948579967021942, -0.03787759691476822, 0.046893201768398285, -0.028272569179534912, -0.01694859191775322, 0.038301143795251846, -0.004894120153039694, -0.06415780633687973, 0.0441671684384346, 0.05476585403084755, -0.02178877778351307, 0.011362219229340553, 0.08136869221925735, -0.014576180838048458, -0.012111999094486237, -0.04066503420472145, -0.07266264408826828, -0.01898825354874134, 0.017427226528525352, -0.04309453070163727, 0.017123661935329437, -0.03076873905956745, 0.12647370994091034, 0.004890133161097765, -0.022109417244791985, 0.02166503109037876, -0.0695871040225029, -0.03242523595690727, 0.03139904513955116, 0.05316716060042381, 0.06485075503587723, 0.013468245975673199, -0.031257688999176025, -0.020215913653373718, 0.034505464136600494, 0.03258850798010826, -0.09130211174488068, -0.0352042093873024, 0.04128805547952652, 0.013753795064985752, -0.019381115213036537, 0.00550888804718852, -0.006617024075239897, 0.03211042284965515, -0.13139528036117554, 0.018850527703762054, -0.17216895520687103, -0.18792328238487244, 0.05108088254928589, -0.031354259699583054, -0.03358770161867142, 0.0469825454056263, -0.021774474531412125, 0.027914326637983322, -0.027242185547947884, -0.026482298970222473, -0.006929978262633085, -0.005283312406390905, 0.017563052475452423, -0.018799306824803352, 0.006800918839871883, -0.014601427130401134, -0.049841903150081635, -0.024714749306440353, -0.037681736052036285, -0.035029660910367966, -0.02853262610733509, -0.01697651855647564, -0.024144506081938744, -0.028417617082595825, -0.09437298774719238, 0.01574648916721344, 0.045272860676050186, 0.0151917589828372, 0.05582496151328087, 0.06746874749660492, 0.052594106644392014, 0.009019293822348118, 0.054819319397211075, -0.03353152424097061, 0.04106171429157257, -0.0031663640402257442, 0.060309652239084244, 0.05117711424827576, -4.949447429680731e-8, -0.022137202322483063, -0.07219390571117401, 0.052162881940603256, -0.021973352879285812, 0.08335980772972107, -0.019115030765533447, -0.018139047548174858, -0.049463871866464615, -0.012640406377613544, 0.112119160592556, -0.010698206722736359, -0.03759446367621422, 0.049523744732141495, 0.02542681060731411, 0.04767048731446266, -0.05669448524713516, 0.08062481880187988, 0.08762528002262115, 0.057618387043476105, -0.04366563260555267, 0.11170941591262817, -0.00694349454715848, -0.03635846823453903, -0.09676744788885117, 0.02787545509636402, 0.026890266686677933, 0.022132355719804764, 0.0797734409570694, -0.01715216040611267, -0.011540629900991917, 0.05744791030883789, 0.013853972777724266, -0.049612123519182205, -0.030769675970077515, -0.047704167664051056, -0.05182985961437225, 0.06857561320066452, -0.00539246853441, 0.012518706731498241, 0.0025660344399511814, -0.03693041577935219, 0.0314071848988533, 0.04403543472290039, -0.003984966315329075, 0.015008974820375443, -0.029382972046732903, -0.10385692119598389, -0.003539669094607234, -0.06748966127634048, -0.08118226379156113, -0.002395294839516282, -0.010939357802271843, 0.01535081584006548, 0.054723650217056274, 0.016610218212008476, 0.04142938181757927, 0.11088044941425323, -0.022050077095627785, -0.006158457137644291, -0.004050981719046831, 0.05186939984560013, -0.05345948413014412, -0.04065357893705368, 0.06404916197061539 ]
ntion for managing workplace threats to mental health 1 opening meeting, eight weekly coaching sessions of 120min Cognitive-behavioral ( 1 ); 9-12 wk Face-to-face (no); mixed (one group session, individual sessions) Mental health Subsyndromal symptoms Janka (2017); Austria, Germany, Luxembourg; RCT ( 59 ) Waitlist; Sshort-term Diverse; public adminstration 18; 18 Biofeedback training 9x45 mins sessions, home practice Biofeedback ( 1 ); 5-8 wk Face-to-face (yes); individual sessions PS Perceived stress Lange
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.895
0.694
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950473
[ -0.005265961401164532, 0.04995584487915039, -0.042541034519672394, 0.048481568694114685, 0.008498978801071644, 0.1241052970290184, 0.04695649445056915, 0.019813096150755882, 0.009554455056786537, -0.04898316413164139, -0.04433531314134598, -0.08026006072759628, -0.043676864355802536, 0.0076141091994941235, 0.06223614141345024, -0.031338226050138474, 0.0024766093119978905, -0.003473971737548709, 0.009056021459400654, 0.008948436938226223, 0.01684444025158882, 0.032868873327970505, 0.006070952396839857, 0.04477803036570549, -0.05231340602040291, 0.07132070511579514, 0.022805631160736084, -0.016757529228925705, 0.06763972342014313, 0.035886798053979874, -0.022662891075015068, -0.034556254744529724, -0.0008524048607796431, 0.05292031541466713, 0.028252797201275826, -0.0024394376669079065, -0.03340144082903862, 0.09023230522871017, 0.002146892249584198, -0.03666642680764198, -0.07211001217365265, -0.011948243714869022, 0.024785107001662254, -0.04110835865139961, -0.045970987528562546, -0.048727553337812424, -0.02935706451535225, 0.01042451523244381, -0.043050576001405716, -0.11948759108781815, -0.03595495969057083, -0.0526161789894104, 0.09456785768270493, 0.053838394582271576, 0.0180477537214756, 0.015992457047104836, 0.05667438730597496, -0.027589228004217148, -0.02925097942352295, 0.16658444702625275, 0.0014981523854658008, -0.09604314714670181, -0.06496435403823853, 0.0018396333325654268, 0.01581566594541073, 0.06243496388196945, -0.10361628234386444, 0.0374923050403595, 0.04850947856903076, -0.0025679166428744793, -0.009414788335561752, -0.07780400663614273, -0.0036883377470076084, -0.017824241891503334, 0.07144997268915176, 0.09884416311979294, -0.049796707928180695, -0.040907058864831924, 0.11709670722484589, 0.012875871732831001, 0.0507829450070858, 0.08799506723880768, 0.06276003271341324, 0.0376097746193409, 0.014512438327074051, -0.0430881641805172, 0.030185086652636528, 0.030055390670895576, -0.014078807085752487, 0.09227122366428375, 0.027577141299843788, 0.011199068278074265, 0.02648305334150791, 0.0289909727871418, -0.0475061871111393, -0.03753063082695007, -0.0817418172955513, 0.09716092795133591, -0.036401063203811646, 0.018729999661445618, 0.020097721368074417, 0.013082197867333889, -0.030152512714266777, 0.0491379015147686, -0.11096832156181335, -0.05623576045036316, 0.0005344580858945847, -0.08007920533418655, -0.036582544445991516, -0.010518098250031471, -0.12298337370157242, 0.041027408093214035, -0.024058733135461807, -0.09657008945941925, -0.015958698466420174, -0.009396268986165524, -0.01752111129462719, 0.033596642315387726, 0.06010235473513603, 0.06490754336118698, 0.07939495146274567, 0.030667725950479507, 0.04557254910469055, 0.05039501562714577, 0.07313533872365952, 0.013517430052161217, -0.033592257648706436, 6.524010544794989e-33, 0.07276950776576996, 0.03373374417424202, -0.005491000600159168, 0.032533910125494, 0.035674192011356354, 0.012272285297513008, -0.0357833132147789, -0.09510491043329239, 0.10379546880722046, -0.03486683592200279, 0.006298877764493227, 0.028317952528595924, 0.029635677114129066, -0.016911571845412254, -0.07381580770015717, 0.010634693317115307, -0.03629539534449577, 0.12122999876737595, -0.052054036408662796, -0.01402172539383173, -0.02433004230260849, -0.05157127603888512, 0.0018826238811016083, 0.1275494247674942, -0.03270984813570976, 0.006599800661206245, 0.011777255684137344, 0.014653963968157768, 0.06455012410879135, 0.02646024338901043, -0.012349750846624374, -0.011260539293289185, -0.043090470135211945, -0.007838472723960876, -0.03818497434258461, 0.025923043489456177, 0.0036268141120672226, -0.02455025538802147, 0.04068981483578682, -0.06844373792409897, -0.022857099771499634, 0.025107858702540398, 0.014912169426679611, 0.037854116410017014, 0.08918490260839462, 0.007799627725034952, -0.06865963339805603, -0.09100005030632019, -0.059885188937187195, 0.08839571475982666, -0.10395937412977219, 0.02709428034722805, 0.0455663800239563, -0.027023255825042725, -0.03230667859315872, -0.07611487060785294, 0.03274042531847954, 0.007251904346048832, 0.039491258561611176, 0.013763408176600933, 0.05191149190068245, 0.01752506010234356, -0.05991359055042267, -0.036737602204084396, 0.04567693546414375, -0.08122772723436356, -0.015534567646682262, -0.014271913096308708, -0.056544654071331024, -0.021230975165963173, -0.052987996488809586, 0.10513298213481903, 0.03887332230806351, -0.027315238490700722, -0.03586806356906891, -0.08037839084863663, 0.043324653059244156, 0.02245643548667431, -0.10067842900753021, -0.03504066541790962, 0.005897809751331806, 0.009121568873524666, -0.004897050093859434, -0.0005612637614831328, 0.03608432784676552, -0.02738766372203827, -0.03859817609190941, -0.028488263487815857, -0.04809759184718132, 0.08690282702445984, 0.0031617055647075176, 0.006837882567197084, 0.08815442025661469, 0.1471177041530609, -0.12105447798967361, -6.530219359019238e-33, 0.014925217255949974, 0.007606791332364082, -0.07013767212629318, -0.038161035627126694, 0.07468124479055405, 0.07606970518827438, 0.004741704557090998, 0.029511379078030586, 0.021148119121789932, 0.02172599546611309, 0.03806373104453087, -0.0723729282617569, 0.019090954214334488, 0.037328414618968964, -0.03344036638736725, -0.017836853861808777, 0.03454841673374176, 0.006986765190958977, -0.06023166701197624, -0.04739364609122276, 0.04484455659985542, 0.046042632311582565, -0.009941776283085346, 0.03932959586381912, -0.00923206564038992, 0.008549769409000874, 0.007094015832990408, 0.0162456426769495, 0.03771750256419182, -0.008422426879405975, 0.01408720575273037, 0.05888420343399048, 0.017359534278512, 0.05408519133925438, -0.011491107754409313, -0.03699010610580444, 0.03623637929558754, -0.04005955904722214, -0.05656231567263603, 0.041440200060606, 0.0010925265960395336, 0.05408157408237457, -0.04327430948615074, -0.04488366097211838, 0.007122369948774576, 0.03985141962766647, 0.01054119598120451, -0.139548659324646, -0.05016850680112839, -0.03508652374148369, 0.00999385118484497, -0.0658252015709877, -0.06893114745616913, 0.005909124854952097, -0.025219935923814774, -0.12967021763324738, -0.02643759734928608, -0.12041715532541275, -0.09906326234340668, 0.004289625678211451, 0.01608312875032425, -0.001934480620548129, -0.04561755433678627, -0.017484692856669426, 0.013644656166434288, -0.005838789977133274, -0.06163977459073067, 0.04833672568202019, -0.006001829635351896, 0.022625604644417763, -0.06214578077197075, 0.043143391609191895, 0.0489581823348999, -0.051414187997579575, -0.035913702100515366, -0.015330617316067219, -0.0028939179610460997, -0.035299815237522125, -0.09643644839525223, -0.011333730071783066, -0.0702461302280426, -0.034272681921720505, 0.014715289697051048, 0.004003808367997408, 0.01356640923768282, 0.08135777711868286, 0.09150781482458115, 0.11423562467098236, -0.05331533029675484, 0.04640829563140869, -0.09000996500253677, -0.009400718845427036, -0.025423403829336166, 0.059019725769758224, 0.030086468905210495, -5.423836313411812e-8, 0.043642688542604446, -0.08629728108644485, 0.05874995142221451, -0.048693157732486725, 0.05448393151164055, -0.01701272465288639, -0.05460061505436897, -0.008792875334620476, -0.02165086194872856, 0.08778766542673111, 0.036879803985357285, -0.006778072565793991, 0.015909355133771896, 0.01639365591108799, 0.020147858187556267, -0.06238599494099617, 0.019046973437070847, 0.05093490704894066, 0.0107709476724267, -0.05840000882744789, -0.0015916678821668029, 0.016299482434988022, 0.03144261986017227, -0.025830211117863655, 0.024445166811347008, 0.01129235327243805, 0.003197344485670328, 0.06941850483417511, -0.060605425387620926, -0.04544367268681526, -0.00854109413921833, 0.050029270350933075, -0.0037606037221848965, -0.0008941343985497952, -0.07914658635854721, -0.02107972837984562, -0.02810673974454403, -0.034410569816827774, 0.045407701283693314, 0.08202401548624039, -0.037026360630989075, -0.01937399059534073, -0.017230907455086708, 0.054217807948589325, -0.016358673572540283, -0.031048933044075966, -0.053027186542749405, -0.00031700232648290694, -0.022171009331941605, -0.10564640909433365, -0.03390948101878166, 0.06647524237632751, 0.007875676266849041, 0.06710850447416306, -0.004746295046061277, 0.11338028311729431, 0.031097890809178352, -0.01566038280725479, -0.07258439064025879, -0.036542221903800964, 0.030537055805325508, -0.05175198242068291, -0.06990779936313629, 0.05723496526479721 ]
es); individual sessions PS Perceived stress Lange (2019); Germany; CBA ( 21 ) Passive; medium-term Diverse; mixed 19; 18 Mindful leadership intervention built on interest- and intrinstic motivation theories covering stress, stress management, mindfulness, leadership & communication 1-day training (7hr), two follow-up sessions (one-on-one coaching (30min); group session (90min) and digital based mindfulness/relaxation instructional videos (voluntary) Multimodal ( 3 ); 9-12 wk Hybrid (yes); mixed (group sess
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.895
0.684
["leadership", "communication", "management", "motivation"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950497
[ 0.04996223375201225, 0.007662998978048563, 0.0246186051517725, 0.013338099233806133, 0.047519996762275696, 0.023105759173631668, 0.02306520566344261, -0.033359359949827194, 0.02916412055492401, -0.04003769904375076, -0.007637815549969673, -0.012880791909992695, -0.0480014942586422, 0.05582654848694801, 0.07351504266262054, -0.07904397696256638, -0.029931196942925453, 0.027781881392002106, -0.06766524165868759, -0.035525843501091, 0.014508435502648354, -0.005529394838958979, 0.005025544669479132, 0.06338576227426529, -0.0712994709610939, 0.02219056710600853, -0.0013437949819490314, -0.041772957891225815, 0.105427585542202, -0.01042306050658226, 0.005436749197542667, 0.0035655938554555178, -0.016892125830054283, 0.03884713351726532, -0.007032245397567749, 0.04366086795926094, 0.012716035358607769, 0.016389012336730957, 0.017963796854019165, -0.029444251209497452, -0.08737815916538239, -0.03806179389357567, 0.017775680869817734, -0.03794798254966736, 0.012159531004726887, -0.0345950722694397, -0.07055718451738358, -0.043256159871816635, -0.0708920955657959, -0.0831841304898262, -0.018996091559529305, -0.0656619668006897, 0.02435069903731346, 0.02086607553064823, 0.009906668215990067, -0.0059336330741643906, 0.022804688662290573, 0.03587814420461655, 0.042354047298431396, 0.05862077325582504, -0.042305875569581985, -0.03105451539158821, -0.08207337558269501, 0.02703205868601799, -0.022355444729328156, 0.028909793123602867, -0.02888578176498413, 0.07707072794437408, 0.04507532715797424, -0.06252095103263855, 0.0014616349944844842, -0.08878353238105774, 0.02347763255238533, -0.029866380617022514, 0.042423684149980545, 0.027466226369142532, 0.0013891981216147542, -0.029977820813655853, 0.029213661327958107, 0.031765177845954895, 0.025950197130441666, 0.04629216715693474, 0.04708525165915489, 0.030601896345615387, -0.006654571276158094, -0.050469718873500824, 0.0259564071893692, 0.03291516378521919, -0.016339994966983795, 0.05977245792746544, 0.049203354865312576, 0.06854283809661865, -0.1242939829826355, 0.0066945902071893215, -0.09777788072824478, 0.04472766071557999, -0.1318841427564621, 0.10164985060691833, -0.048492565751075745, 0.010553551837801933, 0.05623443424701691, 0.04724939167499542, -0.01477466057986021, 0.018253864720463753, -0.09970489144325256, -0.06051904708147049, 0.03649773821234703, -0.034929223358631134, 0.0265126321464777, -0.05966232717037201, -0.1297452449798584, 0.0035739964805543423, -0.01651228405535221, -0.052221838384866714, 0.050005536526441574, -0.02994164079427719, -0.052341312170028687, 0.060784026980400085, 0.07541829347610474, -0.004676915239542723, 0.09342031925916672, -0.026004431769251823, 0.1033397912979126, 0.02271275967359543, 0.03839874640107155, -0.026798786595463753, -0.0008432560716755688, 4.1854666549057754e-33, 0.055365901440382004, 0.004154716618359089, 0.0458037331700325, 0.09626542776823044, 0.03364670276641846, 0.03056986629962921, 0.017145739868283272, 0.00975890550762415, -0.05628263205289841, -0.02970925159752369, -0.006243460811674595, 0.0037578274495899677, -0.00746884336695075, 0.06708526611328125, -0.05741547793149948, -0.03473202884197235, -0.0852736234664917, 0.03355051949620247, -0.011297058314085007, -0.024569641798734665, 0.021367572247982025, 0.017473135143518448, 0.013974308036267757, 0.06307145208120346, 0.0219916719943285, -0.011486571282148361, 0.10271718353033066, -0.021540168672800064, 0.008001971989870071, 0.04376206174492836, -0.055044855922460556, 0.001544574974104762, -0.07339586317539215, -0.00023991771740838885, -0.01834160089492798, 0.04652128741145134, 0.035909220576286316, -0.0026473933830857277, 0.08318446576595306, -0.04238137975335121, 0.003669633297249675, 0.05051025375723839, 0.025610467419028282, -0.0030638985335826874, 0.003953219391405582, -0.013029975816607475, -0.026669997721910477, -0.05678355693817139, 0.012585028074681759, 0.07215506583452225, -0.12829765677452087, -0.01739240065217018, 0.05490436032414436, -0.054879914969205856, -0.022226272150874138, -0.021406076848506927, 0.06944571435451508, 0.07148746401071548, -0.06442841142416, -0.02454119361937046, 0.04043881967663765, 0.0036341387312859297, -0.15369240939617157, -0.0015482549788430333, 0.03240795433521271, -0.00716695049777627, -0.05930224806070328, -0.020909124985337257, 0.020540157333016396, -0.05577137693762779, -0.07231679558753967, 0.03722819685935974, 0.00005089861952001229, -0.06992906332015991, 0.008250595070421696, -0.13478653132915497, -0.024442944675683975, 0.027342868968844414, -0.04473377764225006, 0.041624948382377625, -0.030869752168655396, 0.010315174236893654, -0.004937898833304644, 0.012087960727512836, -0.026241833344101906, -0.027144456282258034, -0.06458202004432678, -0.03536589816212654, -0.01325836032629013, 0.04301244020462036, 0.022521689534187317, -0.0012904840987175703, 0.09062867611646652, 0.1401994824409485, -0.07812897861003876, -4.766375024589026e-33, 0.05671657994389534, -0.009691030718386173, -0.015900101512670517, 0.012382283806800842, 0.180574432015419, 0.07206542044878006, 0.0024669673293828964, -0.0014225301565602422, 0.03365693241357803, 0.01194034330546856, 0.052693434059619904, -0.050289083272218704, -0.05421200022101402, 0.07130116969347, -0.03668489307165146, -0.05583349987864494, -0.010466882027685642, 0.02210274524986744, -0.04741115868091583, -0.022005565464496613, 0.03950243443250656, 0.009229429997503757, 0.03205740079283714, 0.03991498798131943, 0.0015860192943364382, -0.006550967693328857, 0.004908972419798374, 0.0683976486325264, 0.09360846877098083, 0.024813774973154068, 0.017058728262782097, -0.020821882411837578, -0.019683027639985085, 0.07551135867834091, -0.030572056770324707, -0.01131459977477789, 0.02580901049077511, -0.002914354670792818, -0.05731101706624031, 0.09686233848333359, 0.007921548560261726, 0.06954260170459747, 0.029690047726035118, -0.03442668169736862, 0.023100625723600388, 0.060045622289180756, -0.0055689625442028046, -0.0819149985909462, -0.18607285618782043, 0.044129032641649246, -0.02159639447927475, -0.03291774541139603, -0.12909114360809326, -0.004678517114371061, 0.09469933807849884, -0.06858357787132263, 0.0028955796733498573, -0.06169763579964638, -0.08084620535373688, -0.061167143285274506, 0.02332412265241146, 0.02451745793223381, -0.02833734080195427, -0.03290543705224991, -0.037300754338502884, 0.010728341527283192, 0.008104030042886734, 0.004243765026330948, -0.041979458183050156, 0.09185485541820526, -0.05841613933444023, 0.00885791890323162, -0.04421941936016083, -0.06650585681200027, -0.03626716509461403, -0.014505255967378616, -0.04972756281495094, -0.0786571353673935, -0.06875308603048325, -0.0960257425904274, -0.0835539773106575, -0.05062885954976082, -0.0327608697116375, -0.027498546987771988, 0.01031987089663744, 0.11203157156705856, 0.09073630720376968, 0.10769414156675339, -0.02142663672566414, 0.039785850793123245, -0.04292018339037895, 0.008586087264120579, 0.05343277379870415, 0.05997959524393082, 0.02013150043785572, -5.200243791136927e-8, -0.048622097820043564, -0.03578389436006546, -0.031023306772112846, 0.026818791404366493, 0.05617734044790268, -0.028628570958971977, -0.0025239665992558002, -0.03193000704050064, -0.027780815958976746, 0.07116171717643738, 0.05717211589217186, -0.038345471024513245, -0.009135748259723186, -0.011082736775279045, 0.03730463981628418, -0.09611605107784271, 0.039489805698394775, 0.052035748958587646, 0.05122068524360657, -0.05566363036632538, 0.05860541760921478, -0.00013425115321297199, -0.02211267314851284, -0.03623292222619057, 0.007615444716066122, 0.04227462038397789, -0.03483165055513382, 0.09421256929636002, -0.02153189294040203, -0.06690973788499832, 0.02781165950000286, 0.06319265812635422, -0.023640461266040802, -0.04892067238688469, -0.04265670105814934, 0.007506716065108776, -0.05747441574931145, -0.037666745483875275, 0.010946241207420826, 0.07614950835704803, -0.01941784657537937, 0.03792122006416321, 0.051302116364240646, 0.06713386625051498, 0.020419470965862274, 0.017058664932847023, -0.05781420320272446, 0.02766876108944416, -0.03726639598608017, -0.008897312916815281, -0.02088838815689087, 0.031179508194327354, -0.028362451121211052, 0.01344485953450203, 0.033597733825445175, 0.069520965218544, 0.0548161119222641, 0.009842549450695515, -0.046102702617645264, -0.02010650560259819, 0.09783551096916199, -0.010743075981736183, -0.1291782557964325, 0.026140598580241203 ]
dal ( 3 ); 9-12 wk Hybrid (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) PS; mindfulness; leadership-related outcomes Job stress Li (2017); Germany; RCT ( 22 ) Passive; long-term Diverse; production 94; 94 Group-oriented stress prevention program built on ERI model 8x90 min sessions over 2 consecutive days, 2 refresher courses comprising 2x180 min sessions Cognitive-behavioral ( 1 ); >12 wk Face-to-face (no); goup sessions PS; mental health Job stress; subsyndromal symptoms Limm (2011); Germany; RCT ( 60 ) Wa
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.706
["leadership", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950520
[ 0.0073870145715773106, 0.04295466095209122, -0.007846351712942123, 0.05904722958803177, 0.02072829194366932, 0.0336371511220932, 0.008744661696255207, -0.03304729983210564, -0.020711777731776237, -0.08003844320774078, 0.01106793712824583, -0.0004106299311388284, -0.03850562870502472, -0.011669809930026531, 0.0821084976196289, -0.06088120490312576, 0.01517970860004425, -0.023153508082032204, -0.018661007285118103, -0.040124714374542236, 0.02634071372449398, -0.004396415781229734, 0.00911099836230278, 0.05947981774806976, -0.07220962643623352, 0.024762442335486412, 0.011299117468297482, -0.018291443586349487, 0.08108929544687271, -0.01648988015949726, 0.011947364546358585, 0.014001315459609032, -0.023507239297032356, 0.01688758097589016, 0.005484300199896097, 0.03620746359229088, -0.01102625671774149, -0.03160079941153526, 0.034581124782562256, 0.011856493540108204, -0.09353078901767731, -0.013493180274963379, 0.01548976730555296, -0.05771496146917343, 0.04378886520862579, -0.07188994437456131, -0.08799422532320023, -0.052657123655080795, -0.0405706986784935, -0.05296308919787407, 0.03033180721104145, 0.01097085326910019, 0.03838171437382698, 0.014323139563202858, 0.023726291954517365, 0.02992354705929756, 0.01758754998445511, -0.021165013313293457, -0.09467513859272003, 0.1219562366604805, -0.06403082609176636, -0.048493642359972, -0.03544620797038078, -0.00022742518922314048, -0.05230412259697914, 0.07846519351005554, -0.05766603350639343, 0.019218282774090767, 0.06368378549814224, -0.02328365668654442, -0.07464702427387238, -0.09506826102733612, -0.0015562598127871752, 0.020894451066851616, 0.1055515930056572, 0.053167786449193954, -0.01430654525756836, -0.0051822965033352375, 0.042947813868522644, -0.01031763106584549, 0.041102197021245956, 0.09319847077131271, 0.04920713230967522, 0.025120921432971954, 0.020871026441454887, -0.06846018135547638, 0.045890964567661285, 0.04669507220387459, -0.01861962117254734, 0.02728421613574028, 0.09164728969335556, 0.00290694460272789, -0.023265257477760315, 0.026034953072667122, -0.02771792560815811, -0.007004139479249716, -0.10020192712545395, 0.05984855443239212, -0.04423258826136589, 0.0005742185167036951, 0.016435332596302032, -0.006960468832403421, -0.00041748961666598916, 0.01936192624270916, -0.10457364469766617, -0.0662861242890358, 0.045421089977025986, -0.03592701628804207, -0.016759200021624565, -0.07629722356796265, -0.07743361592292786, 0.03338770940899849, 0.036318834871053696, -0.08123410493135452, -0.015394958667457104, -0.010933341458439827, -0.04480678215622902, 0.03799416869878769, 0.07441703230142593, 0.07256106287240982, 0.08963962644338608, 0.029269175603985786, 0.06605763733386993, -0.002944051520898938, 0.0621538944542408, -0.09788062423467636, -0.05553038790822029, 6.91648827206738e-33, 0.07698111981153488, 0.0009041076991707087, -0.018955999985337257, 0.06259206682443619, 0.004889595787972212, 0.07053913921117783, -0.019664719700813293, -0.0019328147172927856, 0.03453379124403, -0.03624459728598595, -0.04930558055639267, -0.005025368649512529, 0.0038274279795587063, 0.03820900619029999, -0.0041440739296376705, -0.03690961003303528, -0.08243396133184433, 0.10687192529439926, -0.022287949919700623, -0.03922198712825775, -0.00001870920095825568, -0.06984870880842209, 0.020593944936990738, -0.008725551888346672, -0.04280553758144379, 0.05413275584578514, 0.06954320520162582, -0.03759554401040077, 0.04226035624742508, 0.027496660128235817, -0.027589229866862297, 0.01221839152276516, -0.030947929248213768, 0.05397941172122955, -0.05857579782605171, 0.09625352919101715, 0.007476041093468666, -0.002369070891290903, 0.08486415445804596, -0.06605164706707001, -0.05497463047504425, 0.07998030632734299, 0.030737314373254776, 0.04605425149202347, 0.0404629148542881, -0.052627865225076675, -0.012013616040349007, -0.05658923462033272, -0.007117775268852711, 0.0657644271850586, -0.15589657425880432, -0.01223353948444128, 0.03656160831451416, -0.03658059239387512, -0.04097946733236313, -0.002454071771353483, 0.0748002827167511, 0.05022795870900154, -0.027766235172748566, 0.041699618101119995, 0.03284575417637825, 0.027383094653487206, -0.13433462381362915, 0.0019553008023649454, 0.078908272087574, 0.04521438106894493, -0.030179042369127274, -0.0762098878622055, 0.023120688274502754, -0.017892051488161087, -0.013529167510569096, 0.039523206651210785, 0.06180659309029579, -0.008269868791103363, -0.020445315167307854, -0.08975714445114136, 0.00045356969349086285, 0.03642186522483826, -0.11735882610082626, 0.02225886844098568, 0.014358888380229473, 0.023233553394675255, -0.05354245752096176, -0.020650509744882584, 0.032221369445323944, 0.01421334594488144, 0.011738964356482029, -0.010621515102684498, -0.06907039880752563, 0.058776915073394775, 0.08523932844400406, 0.016394538804888725, 0.15767145156860352, 0.11923251301050186, -0.023890897631645203, -6.1451027977768865e-33, 0.06712877005338669, 0.01606498658657074, -0.07023514807224274, -0.03814709559082985, 0.1570819467306137, 0.046681568026542664, 0.07350119203329086, 0.026496585458517075, -0.04165951535105705, 0.043183449655771255, 0.07248608767986298, -0.05493590235710144, -0.004159875214099884, 0.058469463139772415, -0.0108798798173666, -0.02771328017115593, -0.009908788837492466, 0.020709164440631866, -0.02810708060860634, 0.02325623296201229, 0.030350400134921074, 0.02953246422111988, 0.00000132808406760887, 0.05186961963772774, -0.006839594803750515, -0.007258302997797728, -0.05403362959623337, 0.0025886583607643843, 0.049669891595840454, -0.02229282632470131, -0.006546972319483757, -0.003680614987388253, -0.07408905774354935, 0.033515073359012604, -0.0007245465531013906, -0.053774572908878326, -0.030814137309789658, -0.006672815885394812, -0.08235783874988556, 0.05753108859062195, 0.03914349153637886, 0.0058996123261749744, -0.010271350853145123, -0.04449506849050522, 0.06823381781578064, 0.046530816704034805, -0.00887377467006445, -0.11272495985031128, -0.11174143850803375, 0.0027783385012298822, -0.04264458641409874, -0.05528690665960312, -0.08133057504892349, -0.015167033299803734, 0.052023619413375854, -0.11476284265518188, -0.02078169770538807, -0.15452277660369873, -0.18425874412059784, -0.026841314509510994, 0.006423742510378361, 0.031028425320982933, 0.005099599715322256, 0.00833776406943798, -0.02051510289311409, -0.00869605503976345, 0.02514440007507801, -0.008086474612355232, -0.011867248453199863, 0.05230482667684555, -0.04697109013795853, 0.01967562362551689, -0.01777748018503189, -0.07351292669773102, -0.0436117984354496, -0.024663491174578667, -0.03458813205361366, -0.017270399257540703, -0.04505254328250885, -0.013676183298230171, -0.0720856562256813, -0.051345136016607285, -0.022343045100569725, 0.055977657437324524, 0.0009693566826172173, 0.03938797116279602, 0.04344785958528519, 0.0951620563864708, 0.020388564094901085, 0.07852562516927719, -0.059429507702589035, 0.032368093729019165, 0.015266099944710732, 0.03646262735128403, 0.036087896674871445, -5.305469485961112e-8, -0.01182572077959776, -0.04394637420773506, 0.007691504433751106, 0.00626735994592309, 0.011423150077462196, -0.07886803895235062, -0.021859345957636833, -0.02914487011730671, -0.06976733356714249, 0.07749754190444946, 0.03341851383447647, -0.02772785909473896, 0.004578718449920416, -0.02870706468820572, 0.02762259729206562, -0.03691263124346733, 0.04991399869322777, 0.08991707861423492, 0.04412557929754257, -0.07345942407846451, 0.06278765946626663, -0.034345593303442, 0.04400691017508507, -0.010431378148496151, -0.0010494746966287494, 0.056747328490018845, 0.013086599297821522, 0.043490152806043625, 0.009175559505820274, -0.061566952615976334, 0.05695116147398949, 0.03312021121382713, -0.002985310275107622, -0.0013935316819697618, -0.024202661588788033, -0.05196630209684372, 0.00457594683393836, 0.04338846355676651, 0.042482420802116394, 0.09655526280403137, -0.022422267124056816, 0.002356121549382806, 0.05063576251268387, 0.06103065237402916, 0.05874060466885567, -0.025468766689300537, -0.09627879410982132, -0.03969414159655571, 0.0072221942245960236, -0.08635711669921875, 0.01937078684568405, 0.029880698770284653, -0.03291672468185425, 0.01994948834180832, -0.031246066093444824, 0.08304159343242645, 0.03479800000786781, 0.0012808351311832666, -0.0481877364218235, 0.002490442944690585, 0.06046469137072563, -0.0506400465965271, -0.06843097507953644, 0.05579087883234024 ]
romal symptoms Limm (2011); Germany; RCT ( 60 ) Waitlist; long-term Diverse; production 75; 79 Group-oriented stress prevention program built on effort-reward imbalance model 8x90 min sessions over 2 consecutive days, 2 refresher courses comprising 2x 180 min sessions Cognitive-behavioral ( 1 ); >12 wk Face-to-face (no); group sessions PS; mental health Job stress; subsyndromal symptoms First author (year); country; study design Control group; Follow-up period Management level; setting Number of participant
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.694
["management", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950545
[ 0.0002738347975537181, -0.00006415829557226971, 0.009780880995094776, 0.09986516088247299, 0.006562552414834499, 0.033045560121536255, -0.012532706372439861, 0.060781314969062805, -0.03899150341749191, -0.054343484342098236, 0.0024442337453365326, -0.04492354020476341, -0.04711629077792168, 0.012508529238402843, 0.01637149415910244, -0.04063835367560387, -0.024168670177459717, 0.0093031395226717, 0.023728473111987114, -0.06895457953214645, 0.03893900662660599, -0.01937604323029518, 0.03253331407904625, 0.0742579773068428, -0.09582637995481491, 0.029423417523503304, -0.03577684238553047, -0.00429929792881012, 0.09630344063043594, -0.0012560810428112745, -0.02615075744688511, 0.06951984018087387, 0.02456660382449627, 0.006629636511206627, -0.022409090772271156, 0.048019517213106155, -0.024615582078695297, -0.06145744025707245, -0.005920724011957645, -0.0141938840970397, -0.10177244246006012, -0.010661253705620766, -0.009344305843114853, 0.016732217743992805, 0.04871383309364319, -0.07023771852254868, -0.06180203706026077, 0.007770145777612925, -0.000003337554289828404, -0.04116923362016678, -0.006168471183627844, -0.0189123023301363, 0.05854993686079979, -0.015004944987595081, -0.029964512214064598, -0.009140816517174244, 0.02200821042060852, -0.05707446485757828, -0.0962238684296608, 0.07571675628423691, -0.05467342585325241, -0.039131876081228256, -0.056135136634111404, 0.018319861963391304, -0.08771827071905136, 0.05897747352719307, -0.07260806858539581, 0.05029815435409546, 0.0783589631319046, 0.008381207473576069, -0.05285247787833214, -0.10122229158878326, -0.032404638826847076, 0.04131369665265083, 0.05996645987033844, 0.08583559095859528, 0.008272111415863037, -0.03726155310869217, 0.023262545466423035, -0.011809062212705612, 0.018161896616220474, 0.04168941453099251, 0.0582524910569191, -0.015582015737891197, 0.0663299560546875, -0.08334817737340927, 0.06336681544780731, 0.07201872020959854, 0.028049824759364128, 0.023686399683356285, 0.06392264366149902, 0.006276676431298256, -0.02723095752298832, -0.00039453880162909627, -0.029337795451283455, -0.0015098084695637226, -0.0651787593960762, 0.05782995745539665, -0.08785178512334824, 0.03694802150130272, -0.01926129311323166, -0.006597055122256279, 0.03354514390230179, 0.04958495870232582, -0.10234816372394562, -0.07356290519237518, 0.052846211940050125, -0.0055766780860722065, -0.03288784250617027, -0.08731874823570251, -0.10015988349914551, 0.0017704160418361425, 0.029098818078637123, -0.07268436998128891, 0.007836892269551754, -0.004413938149809837, 0.012743093073368073, 0.04565902054309845, 0.09363239258527756, 0.11289123445749283, 0.06985514611005783, 0.020036062225699425, 0.012839412316679955, -0.03419099748134613, 0.03201126307249069, -0.01622168906033039, -0.1014004796743393, 8.910948067739617e-33, 0.029157524928450584, -0.007065486628562212, 0.01502960454672575, 0.0234224833548069, -0.038986846804618835, 0.017416629940271378, 0.0158672034740448, 0.05127095431089401, 0.030390838161110878, -0.025195546448230743, 0.014358400367200375, -0.008203067816793919, -0.0012640883214771748, 0.060472097247838974, -0.01636926457285881, -0.039206430315971375, -0.04078682139515877, 0.06045403331518173, -0.0183036457747221, -0.008451379835605621, -0.0614212341606617, -0.09794604033231735, 0.03966936841607094, 0.031007390469312668, -0.017597699537873268, 0.05898100882768631, 0.0009468421922065318, -0.0014733299612998962, 0.04081300273537636, 0.010282126255333424, -0.01082875207066536, 0.05369647964835167, -0.056088317185640335, -0.012033219449222088, -0.07391271740198135, 0.0811232477426529, 0.0323546938598156, -0.03557513654232025, 0.04909732565283775, -0.018912404775619507, -0.05543168634176254, 0.04078667238354683, 0.02182154729962349, 0.03808184340596199, 0.07755986601114273, -0.03636061027646065, -0.020118797197937965, -0.03181448578834534, -0.04251527786254883, 0.08105026930570602, -0.09812140464782715, 0.05450703203678131, -0.03878432884812355, -0.04457860440015793, -0.012796175666153431, 0.03071046806871891, 0.05166541039943695, 0.017948312684893608, -0.05642162635922432, 0.0587320402264595, 0.0198875330388546, 0.02631266787648201, -0.06352579593658447, -0.009991297498345375, 0.052186381071805954, 0.023519175127148628, -0.06283166259527206, -0.08453062176704407, -0.062472663819789886, 0.04627145081758499, -0.0025594013277441263, 0.03742638975381851, 0.02095988765358925, 0.036124296486377716, -0.025940850377082825, -0.012354676611721516, 0.015508660115301609, -0.015478437766432762, -0.0973862037062645, -0.04906003177165985, -0.0347214937210083, -0.02253953367471695, -0.03005829080939293, -0.012774269096553326, 0.03484736382961273, 0.030257876962423325, 0.01875791698694229, -0.004127718508243561, -0.03462197631597519, 0.010737909935414791, 0.04000592604279518, 0.019548675045371056, 0.10232808440923691, 0.16151773929595947, -0.04914643615484238, -7.845332316676474e-33, 0.005582963582128286, 0.027450911700725555, -0.07346101850271225, -0.04298204928636551, 0.11140169948339462, 0.024433966726064682, -0.018037643283605576, 0.04595561698079109, -0.008712727576494217, 0.08104018867015839, 0.033606886863708496, -0.06967727839946747, -0.03116130642592907, 0.0658591166138649, -0.06557352840900421, -0.004682747647166252, 0.054477378726005554, 0.0327901728451252, -0.0306021049618721, 0.056886911392211914, 0.05096997320652008, 0.0856064185500145, -0.0011930641485378146, 0.041872985661029816, -0.031906936317682266, -0.0027646932285279036, -0.025911355391144753, -0.043258585035800934, 0.007515836972743273, -0.0010361889144405723, -0.005645259749144316, -0.00481532234698534, -0.024622518569231033, 0.0014222717145457864, 0.08194228261709213, -0.011216734535992146, -0.030205760151147842, -0.010442898608744144, -0.0613531619310379, 0.15430858731269836, 0.034449633210897446, 0.03717277571558952, -0.006230766419321299, -0.007759142201393843, 0.054020337760448456, 0.0498821884393692, 0.034998584538698196, -0.12201251089572906, -0.05924238637089729, 0.007447037845849991, -0.007194057106971741, -0.059775613248348236, -0.00789541844278574, 0.007129162549972534, 0.04860275983810425, -0.1265900433063507, -0.05363576114177704, -0.1586800515651703, -0.1106540858745575, -0.014733115211129189, 0.034201037138700485, -0.011368651874363422, -0.06130536273121834, -0.049143239855766296, 0.05243971571326256, -0.0654449537396431, -0.006934054661542177, 0.04322928562760353, 0.0015052997041493654, 0.06883314251899719, -0.07877639681100845, 0.01857580617070198, -0.024615103378891945, -0.05731603503227234, -0.035056550055742264, -0.03265039622783661, -0.04002802446484566, -0.012950613163411617, -0.014144646003842354, -0.06470784544944763, -0.07546839863061905, -0.06280975043773651, 0.026998506858944893, 0.029090942814946175, -0.03461294248700142, 0.03140537068247795, 0.013408845290541649, 0.09316473454236984, 0.053736332803964615, 0.06776009500026703, -0.02236418053507805, 0.100605309009552, 0.026955172419548035, 0.028402132913470268, 0.06607025116682053, -5.577901163178467e-8, 0.026713242754340172, -0.0748865008354187, 0.004530897364020348, -0.002087135799229145, 0.06858208775520325, -0.03693585470318794, -0.09892752766609192, -0.013351558707654476, -0.06025507301092148, 0.10487468540668488, -0.0031599600333720446, 0.06785599887371063, 0.06730838865041733, -0.017710542306303978, -0.026353314518928528, -0.002113329479470849, 0.06247195973992348, 0.1023772731423378, 0.03084869496524334, -0.043917831033468246, 0.06918611377477646, -0.04265090078115463, 0.0162777379155159, -0.05819924548268318, -0.011381239630281925, -0.07913833856582642, 0.05707406625151634, 0.09902716428041458, -0.024357514455914497, -0.06488101929426193, 0.033019453287124634, 0.0437447726726532, -0.021580001339316368, -0.020159965381026268, 0.034017983824014664, -0.013871926814317703, 0.006793378386646509, -0.003314591944217682, 0.031725551933050156, 0.0809522345662117, -0.05499793589115143, -0.006611702963709831, 0.049172863364219666, 0.06703280657529831, 0.06489133089780807, -0.04752053692936897, -0.09841420501470566, -0.042562905699014664, 0.02335229702293873, -0.14546585083007812, 0.013038584031164646, 0.012618656270205975, 0.0060466136783361435, 0.06649273633956909, 0.004810799844563007, 0.056810732930898666, 0.03126018866896629, 0.08331719785928726, -0.021460190415382385, -0.03672743961215019, 0.03866532817482948, -0.025801224634051323, -0.08420365303754807, 0.03671376034617424 ]
od Management level; setting Number of participants (IG; CG) Intervention Intervention format Intervention type (N); length Training setting (home practice); delivery mode Outcome categories Subcategories Ly (2014); Sweden; RCT ( 62 ) Waitlist; short-term Middle; diverse 36; 37 Acceptance and commitment therapy based smartphone intervention 6 modules (short audio lecture, 2-3 texts, 2-4 exercises); minimum of daily 15 min spend on program Cognitiv-behavioral ( 1 ); 5-8 wk Virtual (no); self-practice PS; men
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.895
0.696
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950567
[ 0.0612536296248436, 0.0147927301004529, 0.02198079414665699, 0.0129843819886446, -0.023042375221848488, 0.04906367138028145, -0.04932723566889763, 0.08712485432624817, -0.01670350879430771, -0.057439666241407394, 0.05454784631729126, 0.0439784936606884, -0.06327640265226364, -0.016823982819914818, 0.0752592533826828, 0.0011348793050274253, 0.06161760166287422, -0.017263563349843025, 0.01891717128455639, -0.019609827548265457, 0.05640564113855362, 0.08526226878166199, 0.12171991169452667, 0.04382879659533501, -0.06126931309700012, -0.04725373908877373, -0.03159932792186737, -0.026769675314426422, 0.09126386791467667, -0.018512891605496407, 0.03043327108025551, 0.03767772391438484, 0.042141493409872055, 0.005767134018242359, -0.03885481134057045, -0.002588292583823204, 0.03169001266360283, -0.04420555755496025, -0.0961928516626358, 0.07681126892566681, -0.07337992638349533, -0.01264567393809557, 0.02866794914007187, 0.00550659978762269, 0.013581989333033562, -0.06039648875594139, -0.09855428338050842, -0.058180879801511765, -0.045175377279520035, -0.01976180635392666, -0.007398971356451511, -0.01566374860703945, -0.03143223375082016, 0.04029364511370659, -0.035029586404561996, 0.006121906451880932, 0.03955099359154701, -0.002138958778232336, 0.0461302325129509, 0.032652247697114944, 0.027401534840464592, 0.012636072002351284, -0.050615254789590836, 0.044830478727817535, -0.06531386822462082, 0.02278759889304638, -0.019421638920903206, 0.025348754599690437, 0.08280228078365326, -0.039793744683265686, -0.04749063774943352, -0.010650654323399067, 0.005635409615933895, 0.053893085569143295, 0.03736047446727753, -0.022023264318704605, -0.0007141198148019612, -0.043465010821819305, 0.0882212445139885, 0.00306480610743165, 0.0017995820380747318, 0.08438445627689362, 0.012450049631297588, 0.07751526683568954, -0.051806624978780746, -0.03602876141667366, 0.01764289289712906, 0.056169599294662476, 0.01884794794023037, 0.024354923516511917, 0.03379271551966667, 0.028222905471920967, -0.10939692705869675, -0.009325639344751835, -0.11074463278055191, -0.08808241784572601, 0.020645128563046455, -0.030232451856136322, -0.07054019719362259, 0.0050261965952813625, 0.06817126274108887, 0.014086082577705383, -0.02645091339945793, -0.005817813333123922, -0.13030195236206055, -0.09209943562746048, 0.018435752019286156, 0.014222031459212303, 0.0034761596471071243, -0.008497809059917927, -0.025134146213531494, -0.05447068437933922, -0.01888859272003174, -0.08932642638683319, 0.018807964399456978, 0.06985887885093689, -0.061571698635816574, 0.022944319993257523, 0.10955377668142319, 0.007685978896915913, 0.01706852577626705, -0.03761957958340645, 0.08153200894594193, -0.06765420734882355, 0.03473689407110214, 0.0222477987408638, -0.043385203927755356, 6.409550455803515e-33, 0.055516038089990616, -0.036015819758176804, -0.020527012646198273, 0.08386421948671341, -0.041003286838531494, 0.0032161190174520016, 0.014079434797167778, -0.005839148536324501, 0.04280836880207062, -0.08388900011777878, 0.016418658196926117, 0.04026329517364502, -0.019473958760499954, 0.05653994157910347, 0.045482050627470016, -0.05863482505083084, -0.06035269796848297, 0.058026108890771866, -0.10465159267187119, 0.0689464882016182, 0.04946698620915413, -0.014579012989997864, -0.000752442458178848, 0.09187621623277664, 0.05916878208518028, 0.04953328147530556, 0.03816107660531998, 0.023418353870511055, 0.0743250623345375, 0.013711241073906422, -0.007112671621143818, 0.027095280587673187, -0.024127108976244926, -0.10111113637685776, -0.002332341391593218, 0.034107450395822525, -0.013771569356322289, -0.06844605505466461, 0.013032189570367336, -0.10703576356172562, -0.0566413439810276, 0.02182481624186039, 0.040715012699365616, -0.010284708812832832, 0.029058730229735374, -0.01958838850259781, 0.032285477966070175, -0.054434094578027725, -0.006610119715332985, 0.0073839337565004826, -0.10169172286987305, 0.050906211137771606, -0.057561036199331284, -0.044529933482408524, 0.007229096256196499, -0.021446093916893005, -0.0633067712187767, 0.02950958162546158, -0.02206568419933319, 0.00635523209348321, 0.10335973650217056, -0.012763390317559242, 0.0180972907692194, 0.10937660932540894, -0.03633955121040344, -0.05281182751059532, -0.01063934899866581, -0.15837493538856506, 0.051738861948251724, -0.015155486762523651, -0.0872705727815628, -0.03474053740501404, 0.012266035191714764, 0.006573398131877184, -0.015609480440616608, -0.09702184796333313, 0.06414375454187393, -0.06549376994371414, 0.0007006576634012163, -0.0051594083197414875, -0.0021356691140681505, 0.023979440331459045, -0.006990546360611916, 0.014798820950090885, 0.058894772082567215, -0.07410185039043427, -0.07146711647510529, -0.03725088760256767, -0.031940437853336334, 0.04448191449046135, -0.03308685123920441, -0.0037958244793117046, 0.06300848722457886, 0.06373193860054016, -0.0025788643397390842, -5.881412598922569e-33, 0.042460255324840546, 0.06090933829545975, -0.0012921809684485197, -0.042832423001527786, 0.10827666521072388, 0.06693637371063232, 0.0206748154014349, 0.03204059600830078, 0.09158419072628021, -0.012398549355566502, -0.021222012117505074, -0.00333808409050107, 0.00963924452662468, 0.015430489555001259, -0.04415728896856308, -0.07249129563570023, -0.09104783833026886, -0.004884924739599228, -0.011252996511757374, 0.04620872065424919, 0.06867712736129761, 0.020181188359856606, 0.0929664596915245, 0.02063450589776039, 0.07255289703607559, 0.027296094223856926, -0.031048569828271866, 0.0068357824347913265, 0.004260719288140535, -0.03958410769701004, 0.03295747935771942, -0.06368856877088547, 0.00676801847293973, 0.07285837829113007, -0.01355932280421257, -0.023902783170342445, 0.044791124761104584, 0.023928523063659668, -0.07003631442785263, 0.11942394077777863, -0.0007728597265668213, -0.051376696676015854, -0.014166859909892082, -0.03293802589178085, 0.03037012182176113, 0.004967551212757826, -0.008938082493841648, -0.047906748950481415, -0.0006944601191207767, 0.0020775976590812206, -0.04444329813122749, -0.0044250041246414185, -0.05318427458405495, -0.06420724093914032, 0.054798439145088196, -0.0488249696791172, 0.049788735806941986, -0.12714383006095886, -0.1536063402891159, -0.04954914748668671, 0.004591969307512045, 0.027083992958068848, 0.002494647167623043, 0.0734468400478363, 0.044304896146059036, -0.04902807995676994, 0.024773478507995605, 0.055926624685525894, -0.0591793991625309, -0.05411352589726448, -0.11173585057258606, 0.036527227610349655, 0.01958385482430458, -0.09838070720434189, 0.011902866885066032, -0.034599024802446365, -0.0404861718416214, -0.04927282780408859, -0.055543962866067886, -0.03304262459278107, -0.07070601731538773, -0.03841462731361389, 0.0402781143784523, 0.06128866970539093, -0.03369489312171936, 0.03985068202018738, 0.06705257296562195, 0.0023236663546413183, 0.009529834613204002, 0.12440548837184906, -0.10389241576194763, 0.03535107895731926, 0.02628416009247303, 0.05206002667546272, -0.0023838260676711798, -5.312928763601121e-8, -0.05601887404918671, -0.04364613816142082, 0.03889080137014389, -0.0035350602120161057, 0.06586713343858719, -0.005287200212478638, -0.0725136399269104, -0.011351487599313259, -0.05256359279155731, 0.07125669717788696, -0.029975198209285736, 0.07598036527633667, 0.017903707921504974, -0.017270145937800407, 0.032004036009311676, -0.087717704474926, 0.058726102113723755, 0.10308793932199478, -0.039251845329999924, 0.0019803806208074093, 0.049231864511966705, -0.03022002801299095, -0.0039024793077260256, -0.012622893787920475, -0.006004306022077799, 0.038134489208459854, 0.03756776824593544, 0.1188947781920433, -0.018514571711421013, -0.024773750454187393, 0.0867411196231842, -0.012029411271214485, 0.0727802962064743, -0.02436663769185543, -0.08558350801467896, 0.0033735246397554874, 0.043929342180490494, 0.038845714181661606, 0.010569963604211807, 0.05463690310716629, -0.056542739272117615, -0.01776132918894291, 0.09947575628757477, 0.05449625849723816, -0.019363325089216232, 0.01776544377207756, -0.06391455233097076, -0.029480868950486183, -0.02966180630028248, -0.024441419169306755, -0.025437427684664726, -0.004227136727422476, -0.024114662781357765, -0.024520143866539, 0.01103344839066267, 0.06916302442550659, 0.06284242868423462, -0.03404206782579422, -0.0237288735806942, -0.010212689638137817, -0.00930039118975401, -0.03194776922464371, -0.005353811662644148, 0.014488033019006252 ]
( 1 ); 5-8 wk Virtual (no); self-practice PS; mental health; leadership-related outcome Perceived stress; general mental health Martin (2020); Australia; RCT ( 63 ) Waitlist; medium-term Top; diverse 78; 104 Self- administered educational intervention on promoting mental health focused skills development DVD program (60 mins), resource kit (30-page manual, fact sheets, booklets, posters), telephone support (6x30 mins) Cognitiv-behavioral ( 1 ); NR Virtual (no); self-practice Mental; work-related outcomes G
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
1
0.69
["leadership"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950587
[ 0.03675049915909767, 0.03300973027944565, -0.04943815991282463, 0.001444576308131218, -0.03783061355352402, 0.11376848071813583, 0.015246930532157421, 0.012210379354655743, -0.022074783220887184, 0.04085538908839226, 0.05547689273953438, -0.005512532312422991, -0.08781769871711731, -0.002526320284232497, 0.07546298950910568, -0.0483945794403553, -0.012258094735443592, -0.021688278764486313, 0.01915050856769085, -0.02825002744793892, 0.021161718294024467, 0.05804840475320816, 0.036815207451581955, 0.05699056014418602, -0.081815205514431, 0.05990377441048622, -0.02824060060083866, -0.04150095582008362, 0.07813473790884018, -0.004504017066210508, 0.031305186450481415, -0.012187661603093147, 0.038260530680418015, 0.044136885553598404, 0.06534776091575623, 0.013639467768371105, 0.0030604731291532516, 0.024895913898944855, -0.02935239113867283, 0.008225233294069767, -0.08348055928945541, -0.029912490397691727, 0.01928684115409851, -0.027242552489042282, 0.002932547824457288, -0.0424388125538826, -0.06424327194690704, -0.024492762982845306, -0.019930515438318253, -0.09008831530809402, -0.06589267402887344, -0.026658715680241585, 0.06479167938232422, -0.007512181531637907, 0.025021180510520935, 0.028572743758559227, 0.0941319540143013, 0.006524661090224981, -0.008870216086506844, 0.07130536437034607, 0.040639933198690414, -0.022690486162900925, -0.051500484347343445, -0.007887233048677444, -0.004654525313526392, 0.04344891384243965, -0.07543525844812393, 0.049825284630060196, 0.022848565131425858, -0.06451866775751114, -0.08304793387651443, -0.06768215447664261, 0.0168632622808218, 0.0493493527173996, 0.05598415061831474, 0.00971298199146986, -0.053157344460487366, -0.06900915503501892, 0.07224797457456589, 0.02760675549507141, 0.02118583768606186, 0.12180911004543304, 0.023503586649894714, 0.03911313787102699, -0.04226740077137947, -0.007600473705679178, 0.033879924565553665, 0.04887817054986954, 0.04053986072540283, 0.03200118988752365, 0.05476813018321991, 0.014342104084789753, -0.042014963924884796, 0.05224161967635155, -0.03361161798238754, -0.06075374409556389, -0.03367095813155174, 0.005291131790727377, -0.07638867944478989, -0.0333687961101532, 0.02846434712409973, -0.027745699509978294, 0.0002611996897030622, 0.04172961413860321, -0.08847982436418533, -0.029895992949604988, 0.05763181298971176, 0.029845496639609337, 0.024751467630267143, -0.06285559386014938, -0.13214564323425293, 0.006839646492153406, -0.06013419106602669, -0.08798108249902725, 0.053219523280858994, 0.11095361411571503, -0.023307539522647858, 0.07862130552530289, 0.06425788998603821, -0.06188157945871353, 0.07253773510456085, -0.0028454293496906757, 0.06875786185264587, -0.010146633721888065, 0.025871597230434418, -0.09807469695806503, -0.0615018755197525, 3.4948218468114335e-33, 0.036794181913137436, 0.07897690683603287, 0.051903437823057175, 0.04774459823966026, 0.03288145363330841, -0.050305355340242386, 0.06625949591398239, -0.027744142338633537, 0.052201446145772934, -0.08046934008598328, 0.005611814558506012, 0.028152259066700935, -0.005898818839341402, 0.05810007080435753, -0.0607493594288826, -0.018325837329030037, -0.11369926482439041, 0.028872743248939514, -0.06258826702833176, 0.04559384286403656, 0.03574121743440628, 0.013157695531845093, 0.033754654228687286, 0.003950734622776508, -0.012139392085373402, 0.013931367546319962, 0.04976285994052887, -0.013245661742985249, 0.023762784898281097, 0.03830387815833092, -0.06389570981264114, 0.0863046646118164, -0.06630455702543259, -0.048859309405088425, -0.03192848339676857, 0.04633428528904915, 0.00859204214066267, -0.056434065103530884, -0.005379382986575365, -0.027694283053278923, 0.023042814806103706, 0.002822256414219737, 0.054118812084198, 0.024925297126173973, 0.0522608757019043, -0.02780843712389469, -0.020594624802470207, -0.06685448437929153, 0.010114390403032303, 0.11978308111429214, -0.11755089461803436, 0.03096407651901245, -0.0778508260846138, -0.07861977815628052, 0.019945506006479263, -0.050978630781173706, 0.03213395178318024, 0.07973172515630722, 0.001391142955981195, -0.0017349678091704845, 0.06536271423101425, -0.051874056458473206, -0.09218798577785492, 0.041014961898326874, -0.01306865457445383, -0.04267378896474838, 0.05525389686226845, -0.11465471982955933, 0.0882408395409584, -0.04934556782245636, -0.051569290459156036, 0.025224920362234116, 0.0028607025742530823, -0.04371971637010574, -0.01101146824657917, -0.082168348133564, -0.01932532899081707, -0.05291960388422012, -0.048636943101882935, 0.014051036909222603, 0.011621310375630856, 0.029922395944595337, -0.012881473638117313, -0.0854065865278244, 0.031195061281323433, -0.019140101969242096, -0.006616742350161076, -0.043336786329746246, -0.015838103368878365, -0.010849535465240479, 0.0024161601904779673, -0.015561570413410664, 0.10949267446994781, 0.08987555652856827, -0.08786842972040176, -3.71974093589777e-33, 0.060665063560009, 0.045912303030490875, -0.06528013199567795, 0.040690068155527115, 0.11383071541786194, 0.10846929252147675, 0.04426012188196182, -0.03586903214454651, 0.0022377704735845327, -0.021669162437319756, 0.007071234285831451, -0.03456630930304527, -0.03166043013334274, 0.05214622616767883, -0.02274254895746708, -0.029695335775613785, -0.03488917648792267, -0.02693910337984562, -0.04149012640118599, -0.02977711334824562, 0.045005980879068375, 0.039181120693683624, 0.05685460567474365, 0.08061406761407852, 0.01567639224231243, -0.018259046599268913, 0.019085360690951347, 0.012028141878545284, 0.050017498433589935, -0.01099193375557661, 0.05641902610659599, 0.014333268627524376, 0.013694392517209053, 0.05135150998830795, -0.015422200784087181, -0.040077898651361465, 0.07105481624603271, -0.049978017807006836, -0.05293212831020355, 0.04126362130045891, 0.025694796815514565, 0.008505281992256641, 0.0215010903775692, -0.09310793876647949, -0.049733322113752365, 0.003916298039257526, 0.015583457425236702, -0.05852707475423813, -0.004087214823812246, 0.051554881036281586, 0.017370495945215225, -0.020520035177469254, -0.11321044713258743, -0.008956437930464745, 0.01790914312005043, -0.06173258647322655, -0.04635406658053398, -0.03698341175913811, -0.1307477205991745, -0.015700077638030052, 0.006122874096035957, 0.054433077573776245, -0.0030137000139802694, -0.03175489977002144, 0.04630952700972557, -0.1108127310872078, -0.007856642827391624, 0.0717538595199585, 0.010097437538206577, 0.004948342218995094, -0.09462445974349976, 0.08410658687353134, 0.0352872796356678, -0.1151629313826561, -0.0666022077202797, -0.015812568366527557, -0.024861805140972137, 0.0034802574664354324, -0.08106596022844315, -0.004212725441902876, -0.049050115048885345, -0.055292341858148575, -0.004522625356912613, 0.02293749526143074, -0.03265781328082085, 0.0682758092880249, 0.027899013832211494, 0.04121524095535278, 0.01143933366984129, 0.09453829377889633, -0.09792003780603409, 0.03118755854666233, 0.004409648012369871, 0.07101553678512573, -0.027626030147075653, -5.1736510187083695e-8, 0.009755054488778114, -0.04515441507101059, 0.051238108426332474, 0.012809223495423794, 0.0701223686337471, 0.06501353532075882, -0.04723099619150162, -0.023206207901239395, 0.009151640348136425, 0.09158937633037567, -0.04241073131561279, -0.03219558298587799, 0.04084739834070206, 0.010178265161812305, 0.001442616805434227, -0.09009000658988953, 0.003033766057342291, 0.0937945768237114, 0.046861909329891205, -0.06265654414892197, 0.04324214160442352, -0.001023589284159243, 0.005999444052577019, -0.03983166813850403, -0.061879225075244904, 0.04701867327094078, -0.01581014133989811, 0.05214616656303406, -0.045545902103185654, -0.04243236407637596, 0.0899835005402565, 0.03803500533103943, 0.040932413190603256, -0.06539522856473923, -0.06855744123458862, -0.06841893494129181, 0.011858338490128517, 0.03316956385970116, -0.002381366677582264, 0.05440555140376091, -0.01245113741606474, 0.031112471595406532, 0.06994335353374481, 0.040198761969804764, 0.005686365067958832, -0.0005773486918769777, -0.11919525265693665, -0.006937199737876654, -0.040132634341716766, -0.04744940251111984, 0.021911365911364555, 0.05433685705065727, -0.0717085599899292, 0.01100033987313509, 0.027844363823533058, 0.10203239321708679, 0.07193771749734879, 0.004991528112441301, -0.04193210229277611, -0.011474273167550564, 0.025057947263121605, -0.04597027972340584, -0.012414638884365559, 0.07336612045764923 ]
no); self-practice Mental; work-related outcomes General mental health Mellner (2022); Sweden; RCT ( 64 ) Waitlist; mixed Diverse; service 20; 20 Mindfulness-based stress reduction program 8-week structured group format including weekly 2.5 hr group sessions plus web-based audio recordings Multimodal ( 2 ); 5-8 wk Face-to-face (yes); group sessions Mindfulness / Munafo (2016); Italy; RCT ( 37 ) Alternative (daily stress diary); short-term Diverse; finance; public adminstration 16; 15 Respiratory sinus arrhy
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.694
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950604
[ 0.06319436430931091, 0.046686653047800064, -0.008306375704705715, 0.001544252154417336, 0.0411507710814476, 0.028757944703102112, -0.011349713429808617, -0.05388299375772476, 0.013660824857652187, -0.07882336527109146, 0.028355693444609642, 0.026543984189629555, -0.07638105750083923, 0.05794719234108925, 0.11320134252309799, -0.06546914577484131, -0.07090014219284058, 0.005130438599735498, 0.0004528698045760393, 0.019716478884220123, -0.004272645339369774, 0.06133037805557251, 0.05479239672422409, 0.03611795976758003, -0.025425465777516365, 0.035975199192762375, -0.01943187229335308, -0.059797096997499466, 0.04953472316265106, 0.02832713909447193, 0.03420538082718849, 0.016905397176742554, 0.005202546250075102, -0.000728759856428951, 0.05235625058412552, 0.053892653435468674, -0.026386244222521782, 0.031110230833292007, 0.03499116003513336, 0.06443768739700317, -0.09543825685977936, 0.0040678298100829124, 0.01768602803349495, -0.056922584772109985, -0.019098741933703423, -0.03535124659538269, -0.04588814079761505, -0.057471863925457, -0.04455125704407692, -0.06243009865283966, -0.04667413607239723, -0.028432000428438187, 0.05051882192492485, 0.03506374731659889, -0.003908178303390741, -0.017785709351301193, 0.02917793206870556, 0.004440883174538612, -0.053263429552316666, 0.09467973560094833, -0.035339586436748505, -0.046420637518167496, -0.0440404899418354, 0.028411846607923508, -0.004088941030204296, 0.09707480669021606, -0.05412007495760918, 0.02436130866408348, 0.027369849383831024, -0.06618370115756989, -0.057358529418706894, -0.08189999312162399, 0.02894314005970955, 0.06852439045906067, 0.05327092856168747, 0.0810045674443245, 0.011188953183591366, -0.06819309294223785, 0.024803847074508667, 0.013010364025831223, 0.05401986464858055, 0.08695536106824875, 0.028394632041454315, 0.020178264006972313, -0.0049208360724151134, -0.07929270714521408, 0.045476317405700684, 0.03721902146935463, 0.0237612072378397, 0.011062134057283401, 0.056201301515102386, 0.04115096479654312, -0.045410845428705215, -0.014613602310419083, -0.05143206939101219, -0.006361970212310553, -0.040748488157987595, 0.07763630151748657, -0.09807171672582626, -0.013394206762313843, 0.0364377461373806, -0.018959159031510353, 0.00411364808678627, -0.004433219786733389, -0.0815296620130539, -0.0366523303091526, 0.020145075395703316, -0.04363963007926941, 0.0020656452979892492, -0.0660727471113205, -0.08040610700845718, 0.07364541292190552, -0.013818176463246346, -0.0774305909872055, 0.010870806872844696, -0.002291097305715084, -0.04657525196671486, 0.038343023508787155, 0.060650534927845, 0.027524128556251526, 0.06205333024263382, -0.034445613622665405, 0.10317539423704147, -0.05080419406294823, 0.04840146005153656, -0.037894003093242645, -0.06529564410448074, 6.0360147179686704e-33, 0.05023778975009918, -0.03037971630692482, 0.038519877940416336, 0.03741774335503578, 0.0388604961335659, 0.01620108261704445, -0.05675901100039482, -0.02786671370267868, 0.0455823615193367, -0.05267326906323433, -0.06091005727648735, 0.00034958706237375736, 0.02223406918346882, -0.0027346843853592873, -0.06153711676597595, 0.0008341966895386577, -0.12679268419742584, 0.07593471556901932, -0.04482884332537651, -0.02920803427696228, 0.03473636135458946, 0.026914628222584724, 0.012085800990462303, 0.053316839039325714, -0.03917548060417175, 0.00822994764894247, 0.10316123068332672, -0.06057540327310562, 0.01616688072681427, -0.006833419669419527, -0.052528414875268936, 0.014524214901030064, -0.013604048639535904, -0.009500040672719479, 0.0029185775201767683, 0.09278067946434021, -0.015022270381450653, -0.015999648720026016, 0.04302578046917915, -0.022770386189222336, -0.029515722766518593, 0.03858853504061699, 0.02053324691951275, 0.01180399488657713, 0.05541384965181351, -0.03988805413246155, -0.04070655629038811, -0.008496462367475033, 0.013710315339267254, 0.025628317147493362, -0.11319616436958313, 0.028959890827536583, -0.021417172625660896, -0.04266363009810448, -0.012323996983468533, -0.0030378771480172873, 0.1013815775513649, 0.03597870096564293, 0.014241771772503853, -0.008828527294099331, 0.016162823885679245, -0.039006683975458145, -0.07430226355791092, -0.037610214203596115, 0.00902228057384491, 0.061571937054395676, 0.003351059975102544, -0.041816141456365585, 0.06789127737283707, 0.0160334762185812, -0.023428047075867653, 0.03690466657280922, 0.03373188525438309, 0.023420680314302444, -0.009143409319221973, -0.055783260613679886, 0.002184684854000807, 0.01518355030566454, -0.050612661987543106, 0.011363830417394638, 0.02439182624220848, 0.06167953088879585, 0.00788194127380848, 0.06766048818826675, 0.03471995145082474, 0.016565406695008278, -0.0066271875984966755, -0.0214373916387558, -0.018151121214032173, -0.024879423901438713, -0.008513925597071648, 0.03188524395227432, 0.13314460217952728, 0.044293150305747986, -0.09879222512245178, -4.96640375548067e-33, 0.02212298847734928, 0.010903743095695972, -0.03994790464639664, -0.021457098424434662, 0.11804136633872986, 0.08938003331422806, 0.0440719872713089, 0.0018757524667307734, 0.002535564126446843, 0.09298624098300934, 0.06358034163713455, -0.056104861199855804, 0.04349348321557045, 0.030994372442364693, -0.05022888630628586, -0.039166394621133804, -0.0036918530240654945, -0.028600424528121948, -0.1103273257613182, -0.02559495158493519, 0.003692936385050416, -0.042696256190538406, 0.07306019216775894, 0.06019403040409088, 0.017840158194303513, 0.020001597702503204, -0.0031837362330406904, 0.04627767950296402, 0.07893720269203186, -0.12143011391162872, 0.06326139718294144, 0.05079410597681999, -0.06166653335094452, 0.024095263332128525, 0.02875378541648388, -0.019088422879576683, 0.01650569774210453, 0.005392338614910841, -0.08644566684961319, 0.07436329871416092, -0.004642678424715996, 0.0054903654381632805, -0.010401379317045212, 0.05569002777338028, -0.0038213615771383047, 0.016436224803328514, -0.01583593711256981, -0.12687565386295319, -0.07199300080537796, -0.02029627561569214, -0.019565297290682793, -0.06299574673175812, -0.08514737337827682, -0.009436344727873802, 0.10380158573389053, -0.021183885633945465, -0.05272435024380684, -0.12308574467897415, -0.14888949692249298, -0.043031372129917145, -0.0036542846355587244, 0.026114152744412422, 0.00437982939183712, -0.028769580647349358, 0.022033678367733955, -0.0425339937210083, -0.012662369757890701, -0.007317378651350737, -0.031817421317100525, 0.08502151817083359, -0.02834954299032688, -0.029702749103307724, -0.053642041981220245, -0.08275841176509857, -0.05550999566912651, -0.002623661421239376, 0.03497358411550522, -0.09110496938228607, -0.05435055121779442, -0.027118101716041565, -0.025896655395627022, -0.07793225347995758, -0.014997645281255245, -0.04986829310655594, -0.019399086013436317, -0.01062790211290121, 0.06555543094873428, 0.013884221203625202, -0.005987272597849369, 0.1356366127729416, -0.10422410815954208, 0.053201597183942795, 0.014711614698171616, 0.033639974892139435, 0.051196370273828506, -4.9546329705663084e-8, -0.029419926926493645, -0.02505212463438511, 0.07460886985063553, 0.03975166007876396, -0.014658204279839993, -0.07874681055545807, 0.023851701989769936, 0.00836142897605896, -0.049831923097372055, 0.13159038126468658, 0.014882517047226429, -0.06436751782894135, -0.003934930544346571, 0.00903408508747816, 0.019488442689180374, -0.08748949319124222, 0.10631595551967621, 0.07699064165353775, 0.035431258380413055, -0.04536356404423714, 0.0630078837275505, -0.011434496380388737, 0.0064811804331839085, -0.02849181555211544, -0.012171334587037563, 0.02380242757499218, 0.02919972501695156, 0.11523223668336868, -0.026790505275130272, -0.06876200437545776, 0.011832188814878464, 0.041025687009096146, 0.0574960820376873, -0.04717647656798363, -0.0760698989033699, -0.07539455592632294, -0.017606215551495552, 0.02964187227189541, 0.02365907095372677, 0.07700450718402863, -0.013288874179124832, 0.018364477902650833, 0.04732340946793556, 0.11764232814311981, -0.030729329213500023, -0.09597969800233841, -0.1259947568178177, 0.010862108319997787, -0.005055799148976803, -0.051501739770174026, 0.04467039927840233, 0.053486861288547516, 0.042925525456666946, -0.029854485765099525, -0.010947871021926403, 0.10044568032026291, 0.03335227072238922, 0.0008890500757843256, -0.0069886138662695885, -0.03091101162135601, 0.03979969024658203, -0.10501023381948471, -0.03725694492459297, -0.005324138794094324 ]
ublic adminstration 16; 15 Respiratory sinus arrhythmia biofeedback intervention Weekly 45min sessions Biofeedback ( 1 ); 5-8 wk Face-to-face (no); individual sessions Mental health Subsyndromal symptoms Ni (2022); China; CBA ( 61 ) Waitlist; short-term Lower; production 36; 36 Mindfulness self-training based on mindfulness cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction Daily mindfulness practices (3 min breathing space, 10 min mindfulness of breathing mediation, body scan mediation, and mindful w
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.895
0.688
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950624
[ 0.07626650482416153, 0.06272190809249878, -0.011354741640388966, 0.02536749839782715, 0.010723255574703217, 0.03193482756614685, -0.012788278050720692, -0.02697117254137993, -0.04953233525156975, -0.08291614055633545, 0.021795272827148438, -0.04022606089711189, -0.03178505599498749, 0.05415259674191475, 0.02080809697508812, -0.01875315234065056, -0.016105545684695244, -0.029102586209774017, -0.05054791271686554, -0.05151985585689545, 0.04026669263839722, 0.08425593376159668, 0.07387438416481018, 0.013856833800673485, -0.0825146809220314, 0.0358753465116024, -0.035774074494838715, -0.05569152161478996, 0.07709363102912903, 0.01063093077391386, 0.06495022028684616, 0.02671184204518795, 0.02933746576309204, -0.0029651757795363665, 0.020641958341002464, 0.06025617942214012, -0.021534360945224762, 0.03966935724020004, 0.0017910100286826491, 0.016593605279922485, -0.05261021479964256, -0.005122961010783911, 0.013442497700452805, -0.009210696443915367, 0.029589295387268066, -0.014060727320611477, -0.06542878597974777, -0.02619367092847824, -0.005628540180623531, -0.12363731116056442, -0.03457874804735184, -0.0007356361602433026, -0.045098695904016495, 0.06751217693090439, -0.021165722981095314, 0.04121505841612816, 0.017337804660201073, 0.006150354631245136, -0.02703755907714367, 0.05840599909424782, -0.02291594259440899, 0.002804162912070751, -0.011139662936329842, -0.018848620355129242, -0.01248637679964304, 0.0411323606967926, -0.041704799979925156, 0.03338342159986496, 0.0628490000963211, -0.0022419681772589684, -0.0588853694498539, -0.052143972367048264, -0.030078189447522163, 0.025101829320192337, -0.0016556753544136882, 0.05008420720696449, 0.010804271325469017, -0.053707245737314224, 0.04964020103216171, 0.007010666187852621, 0.04082328453660011, 0.08495496213436127, 0.03266521170735359, 0.020968426018953323, 0.04453807324171066, -0.06353265792131424, -0.0008402050589211285, 0.04296112433075905, -0.034324318170547485, 0.05008544400334358, 0.0894651859998703, -0.034467387944459915, -0.011373888701200485, 0.032253291457891464, -0.04851185902953148, -0.019113395363092422, -0.04672691598534584, 0.07460315525531769, -0.10674471408128738, -0.0448899082839489, 0.055800579488277435, -0.011389685794711113, -0.02569885179400444, -0.017252862453460693, -0.028223026543855667, 0.009316528216004372, 0.07127319276332855, -0.0015293107135221362, 0.023959532380104065, -0.007804682478308678, -0.08273889869451523, 0.1270465850830078, -0.0578361451625824, -0.02870981954038143, 0.061780571937561035, 0.07388186454772949, -0.05147775262594223, 0.0645097866654396, 0.0443003810942173, -0.024030985310673714, 0.04290568083524704, -0.031116466969251633, 0.09053363651037216, -0.08392468094825745, 0.042750034481287, -0.11280883848667145, -0.11128205806016922, 1.1963089027606947e-32, 0.06774583458900452, 0.026808328926563263, 0.024992182850837708, -0.00438898429274559, 0.01161989290267229, 0.0070360442623496056, 0.0009156748419627547, -0.07206500321626663, 0.05679401382803917, 0.022884584963321686, -0.021356312558054924, 0.04447925090789795, -0.011059656739234924, 0.008365815505385399, -0.061925966292619705, -0.08576742559671402, -0.15674053132534027, 0.06595347076654434, -0.012025688774883747, -0.026989655569195747, 0.05429290607571602, -0.002108752029016614, 0.002678940072655678, 0.04460921883583069, 0.020433608442544937, 0.012232978828251362, 0.0509616956114769, -0.0016467940295115113, 0.038400277495384216, 0.017751533538103104, -0.07657237350940704, 0.020160885527729988, -0.04944433644413948, -0.06913809478282928, -0.028478192165493965, -0.02679712139070034, 0.020603954792022705, 0.013697344809770584, 0.008269015699625015, -0.004101996775716543, 0.02239121124148369, 0.08426803350448608, -0.03430438041687012, 0.031334444880485535, 0.08174661546945572, 0.003780724247917533, -0.03016933985054493, 0.028472403064370155, 0.02666037529706955, 0.042635560035705566, -0.09676776826381683, -0.026237592101097107, 0.02509908191859722, -0.07272403687238693, -0.02736780047416687, -0.017214085906744003, 0.05676701292395592, 0.033591240644454956, -0.0032114083878695965, -0.016225706785917282, 0.02718930132687092, -0.03230966255068779, -0.063614621758461, 0.0170909371227026, -0.07939089834690094, 0.025097789242863655, 0.0005141551955603063, -0.060023266822099686, -0.04583735764026642, 0.016779113560914993, -0.04290938749909401, -0.002764715114608407, 0.017940204590559006, 0.002344845561310649, 0.00418954249471426, -0.12648795545101166, -0.025135500356554985, 0.0045757233165204525, -0.08158589899539948, 0.00533821526914835, 0.0029823496006429195, 0.08416817337274551, -0.034198347479104996, 0.03778613731265068, 0.05216625705361366, -0.05716631934046745, -0.050842151045799255, 0.03630165010690689, -0.05772120878100395, -0.0034841641318053007, -0.013798445463180542, 0.031359631568193436, 0.16311433911323547, 0.07739198207855225, -0.05800531804561615, -9.301101989617227e-33, 0.025230171158909798, 0.013873264193534851, 0.019630316644906998, -0.03182739019393921, 0.10326916724443436, 0.07521510869264603, 0.025672661140561104, 0.07573805749416351, 0.012781946919858456, 0.04542236775159836, 0.02860991470515728, -0.0433504581451416, 0.04574669152498245, 0.023678872734308243, -0.08689815551042557, 0.0036284017842262983, 0.0043068998493254185, -0.05090196430683136, -0.09207307547330856, 0.021083617582917213, -0.002685795072466135, 0.004003164824098349, -0.022847328335046768, 0.007876293733716011, -0.005180261097848415, 0.057886235415935516, 0.016963021829724312, 0.053044117987155914, 0.08004041016101837, -0.11000442504882812, 0.03539324551820755, -0.005553077440708876, -0.1034378632903099, 0.07462295144796371, -0.03400300815701485, -0.0545586459338665, 0.004665229003876448, 0.01218380592763424, -0.08129613101482391, -0.002131171291694045, 0.04991127923130989, 0.049625612795352936, 0.009779935702681541, 0.04634355008602142, 0.0171684380620718, 0.03384709730744362, -0.07054157555103302, -0.12117549031972885, -0.10063865035772324, 0.02735194005072117, -0.0003904420300386846, -0.06240479275584221, -0.08984602242708206, 0.04758123680949211, 0.027394641190767288, -0.022197427228093147, 0.0012786700390279293, -0.026111295446753502, -0.08087489753961563, -0.060554131865501404, 0.02655068226158619, -0.010267038829624653, 0.011645317077636719, -0.0052567399106919765, -0.0008128557237796485, 0.08121508359909058, 0.060623474419116974, 0.116163469851017, -0.011697265319526196, 0.04810161888599396, -0.02490503340959549, 0.012866005301475525, -0.07710904628038406, -0.05006570741534233, 0.03531286492943764, 0.03522639349102974, -0.047164034098386765, -0.10481119900941849, -0.04643785580992699, -0.0592125728726387, -0.034921880811452866, -0.016260948032140732, -0.030307818204164505, -0.07725729793310165, -0.037747446447610855, -0.009827028959989548, 0.07945787906646729, 0.04472935572266579, 0.025993820279836655, 0.10294962674379349, -0.07673289626836777, 0.020258495584130287, -0.0311234463006258, 0.06767858564853668, 0.018938492983579636, -5.223662569164844e-8, -0.08284967392683029, -0.09980415552854538, 0.05302808806300163, 0.03742344677448273, -0.0077727362513542175, -0.049951087683439255, 0.018614264205098152, 0.02281934581696987, -0.06977251172065735, 0.07177110761404037, 0.06088048219680786, -0.05670660734176636, -0.006663978565484285, 0.040071260184049606, 0.044897474348545074, -0.11158352345228195, -0.002282162895426154, 0.12194051593542099, 0.05576130747795105, -0.07612645626068115, 0.04843375086784363, -0.008673821575939655, 0.02665470354259014, -0.02129438892006874, -0.0013958568451926112, 0.018399203196167946, 0.01633407734334469, 0.050750747323036194, -0.06765856593847275, -0.051689065992832184, 0.05405094474554062, 0.04859564080834389, 0.012007459066808224, -0.04000076279044151, -0.06929109245538712, -0.011171495541930199, 0.019632549956440926, -0.07021559774875641, 0.01722160167992115, 0.05177367106080055, -0.018235743045806885, 0.019644655287265778, 0.01177657674998045, 0.08420328050851822, 0.07030663639307022, -0.10657517611980438, -0.03125150874257088, 0.012746086344122887, 0.07827168703079224, 0.011271568946540356, 0.07044294476509094, 0.005335082300007343, 0.03672762215137482, -0.06894748657941818, -0.024818841367959976, 0.12685151398181915, 0.008910003118216991, -0.003439671825617552, -0.01159250270575285, -0.0033199589233845472, 0.015730949118733406, -0.12329867482185364, -0.06845800578594208, 0.023246409371495247 ]
hing mediation, body scan mediation, and mindful walking) Multimodal ( 2 ); 1-4 wk Hybrid (no); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) Mindfulness / Nübold (2020); Germany, Netherlands; RCT ( 65 ) Waitlist; short-term NR; diverse 93; 80 Self-guided, app-based mindfulness meditation training Guided mindfulness meditation exercises developed by Headspace, Inc Relaxation ( 1 ); 1-4 wk Virtual (no); self-practice Mindfulness; leadership-related outcome / Reitz (2020); England; CBA ( 66 ) Waitlist; short-term NR;
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.4
0.694
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950644
[ 0.06724174320697784, 0.010490254499018192, 0.04855835437774658, 0.008945437148213387, 0.0019273464567959309, 0.020170187577605247, 0.025518309324979782, -0.06139165535569191, -0.01514075230807066, -0.06212976202368736, 0.029145633801817894, -0.0024230421986430883, -0.0419263131916523, 0.007712950464338064, 0.10066906362771988, -0.018446587026119232, -0.0055175055749714375, 0.044730305671691895, -0.04640565067529678, 0.01679905876517296, -0.03832443803548813, 0.03208480402827263, 0.05524376779794693, 0.03670816123485565, -0.05761754512786865, -0.022418634966015816, 0.005512997508049011, -0.04320282116532326, 0.08960574865341187, -0.04204507917165756, 0.03430214151740074, 0.05546356365084648, -0.07011150568723679, 0.06414869427680969, -0.037142928689718246, 0.06613226234912872, 0.0030251992866396904, -0.05209316313266754, -0.07468362897634506, -0.02595195174217224, -0.047139085829257965, -0.004787737503647804, -0.023836307227611542, -0.010277381166815758, 0.053985774517059326, -0.004995269700884819, -0.039694856852293015, -0.02053968235850334, -0.05738573148846626, -0.11317454278469086, -0.07020199298858643, -0.07469020783901215, -0.018122054636478424, 0.09003758430480957, 0.0026111521292477846, -0.05478132516145706, 0.0026345669757574797, 0.05323800444602966, 0.0059723383747041225, 0.07598623633384705, -0.0029837454203516245, -0.013729983009397984, -0.048329517245292664, -0.044864557683467865, 0.028128745034337044, -0.01668895222246647, -0.025296520441770554, 0.04222225397825241, 0.07188400626182556, -0.03472254052758217, -0.015513530932366848, -0.11119822412729263, 0.031698524951934814, -0.007277318276464939, -0.007716336753219366, -0.0063905129209160805, 0.031440701335668564, -0.013090711086988449, 0.009034117683768272, -0.07307945936918259, 0.006907328963279724, 0.07612011581659317, 0.0005066728335805237, 0.03701717406511307, -0.053797297179698944, -0.018643271178007126, -0.020352324470877647, 0.04590967297554016, 0.031211838126182556, 0.00278684264048934, 0.004032185301184654, 0.04080861061811447, -0.11067986488342285, -0.02054239623248577, -0.07246662676334381, 0.006523575633764267, -0.050109729170799255, 0.0354006364941597, -0.057739559561014175, 0.024842876940965652, 0.09945245832204819, 0.006731399334967136, 0.02213207446038723, 0.04421253502368927, -0.09464766085147858, -0.07762154936790466, 0.060716044157743454, -0.005214440170675516, 0.00023907594732008874, -0.005857835523784161, -0.03585796803236008, 0.008479948155581951, 0.024438822641968727, -0.05534854158759117, 0.01746993698179722, 0.05447690188884735, -0.06852291524410248, 0.05936305597424507, 0.09776997566223145, -0.060211021453142166, 0.011959477327764034, -0.06222717463970184, 0.1434624344110489, -0.08450644463300705, 0.037911731749773026, -0.055843137204647064, -0.0728544369339943, 4.005157576433145e-33, 0.03724728524684906, -0.031529005616903305, 0.06283651292324066, 0.07811276614665985, -0.029318397864699364, -0.02377563901245594, 0.019516311585903168, -0.03221422806382179, -0.00522723188623786, -0.01740618422627449, 0.028459280729293823, 0.0069407145492732525, 0.03665776550769806, 0.0840320959687233, -0.08333980292081833, -0.06759705394506454, -0.08641824126243591, 0.0902167335152626, -0.057597171515226364, 0.009932538494467735, 0.06820214539766312, -0.0000532288831891492, 0.0015676276525482535, 0.07558401674032211, 0.019638897851109505, 0.016863198950886726, 0.06400473415851593, -0.05498523637652397, 0.0013372591929510236, 0.04058046266436577, -0.0666033998131752, 0.04833655804395676, -0.033872947096824646, -0.014274069108068943, -0.0788511335849762, 0.00730981957167387, 0.02395453490316868, -0.0327235646545887, 0.01669302210211754, -0.030301056802272797, 0.030091868713498116, 0.0132500184699893, 0.07309922575950623, -0.01941327005624771, 0.021328864619135857, -0.05256424471735954, -0.028121469542384148, 0.0010312922531738877, 0.004018700215965509, 0.05471796914935112, -0.13311851024627686, -0.010887200944125652, -0.022517062723636627, -0.06943072378635406, -0.010568792931735516, -0.01859668828547001, 0.024464139714837074, 0.09218598902225494, -0.010841582901775837, -0.05359327048063278, -0.007590289693325758, 0.010030903853476048, -0.12126210331916809, 0.03765520453453064, -0.011260278522968292, 0.016163384541869164, -0.05834009870886803, -0.0761551484465599, 0.039850518107414246, -0.007323513273149729, -0.07150737196207047, 0.04648825526237488, 0.04475575312972069, -0.005564561579376459, 0.06175663694739342, -0.12942132353782654, -0.019494181498885155, 0.017212508246302605, 0.006718229502439499, 0.011342724785208702, 0.005799490492790937, 0.0966428816318512, -0.05929040536284447, 0.09341651201248169, 0.040832821279764175, -0.08363660424947739, -0.04652053490281105, -0.07209742069244385, -0.11395251005887985, 0.07337132841348648, 0.02415524423122406, 0.05758563429117203, 0.09163437783718109, 0.05554916337132454, -0.07395889610052109, -4.370409385172554e-33, 0.09940043091773987, 0.06357985734939575, -0.015357437543570995, 0.013793515972793102, 0.12785249948501587, 0.002457883208990097, -0.0027047216426581144, 0.04580649361014366, 0.01533819455653429, 0.03419294208288193, 0.049622148275375366, -0.04963168501853943, 0.03397010639309883, 0.02881760336458683, -0.05461043119430542, -0.014082139357924461, 0.05055190622806549, -0.020077908411622047, -0.017622705549001694, 0.019495436921715736, 0.0455390103161335, 0.021966364234685898, 0.02798014134168625, 0.008581220172345638, -0.050488680601119995, -0.009174961596727371, 0.026187365874648094, 0.05289692059159279, 0.019469456747174263, -0.010098706930875778, 0.07958278059959412, -0.035817429423332214, -0.021847905591130257, -0.006842795293778181, -0.003289801999926567, -0.023141605779528618, 0.03528749570250511, -0.012815654277801514, -0.08284597843885422, 0.006331430282443762, 0.017193526029586792, -0.011233611963689327, 0.0601995512843132, -0.005399356130510569, 0.003311827313154936, -0.005323517136275768, -0.07121609896421432, -0.05200424790382385, -0.06553433835506439, 0.02947041764855385, 0.002566219074651599, -0.0378204844892025, -0.0783156156539917, -0.04275535047054291, 0.05155305936932564, -0.043433018028736115, -0.04249497875571251, -0.040282756090164185, -0.08504022657871246, -0.04896998777985573, 0.009409223683178425, 0.061400678008794785, 0.01811021752655506, -0.01754869520664215, 0.011964411474764347, 0.10110169649124146, -0.004050491377711296, 0.04507599025964737, 0.016228528693318367, 0.037856943905353546, -0.07824422419071198, 0.01619962975382805, -0.041156936436891556, -0.015806542709469795, -0.01682138629257679, 0.029823750257492065, 0.06902284920215607, -0.08334805816411972, -0.03654465079307556, -0.0964152067899704, -0.040512558072805405, -0.08788547664880753, -0.041580237448215485, -0.04307558760046959, 0.03742649033665657, 0.0926479622721672, 0.010689524002373219, 0.04173120856285095, -0.020351845771074295, 0.06747053563594818, 0.00420363899320364, 0.026388218626379967, 0.02133730985224247, 0.03914206102490425, 0.027143290266394615, -4.906423356487721e-8, -0.1059977114200592, -0.08147723227739334, 0.004089560825377703, 0.016052674502134323, 0.045338235795497894, 0.03164682537317276, 0.06537262350320816, 0.009189886040985584, -0.056026116013526917, 0.08076835423707962, 0.02458425797522068, -0.05440809577703476, 0.04434708133339882, 0.04687754064798355, 0.034240271896123886, -0.1138269230723381, 0.07196704298257828, 0.07548562437295914, -0.036630645394325256, -0.040564004331827164, 0.06827343255281448, -0.04690314456820488, 0.02722230926156044, -0.07054557651281357, -0.010724062100052834, -0.029547303915023804, 0.031507331877946854, 0.033989325165748596, -0.09297364205121994, -0.07426824420690536, 0.04740346223115921, 0.04768183454871178, 0.0010263557778671384, -0.011406317353248596, -0.04229842871427536, 0.016547495499253273, 0.035226672887802124, 0.022310756146907806, -0.013010629452764988, 0.07521350681781769, 0.016317715868353844, 0.03733955696225166, 0.011991996318101883, 0.06380467116832733, -0.009540863335132599, -0.09172956645488739, -0.05633922293782234, -0.05858182907104492, 0.014735832810401917, -0.03186371922492981, 0.05041084066033363, 0.00682769063860178, 0.04817955568432808, -0.04635753110051155, 0.02034500241279602, 0.12848076224327087, 0.043887943029403687, 0.019850393757224083, 0.01586843654513359, 0.050820574164390564, 0.11832118034362793, -0.07714366912841797, -0.11051817238330841, 0.06760527193546295 ]
020); England; CBA ( 66 ) Waitlist; short-term NR; diverse 27; 30 Mindful leader intervention based on mindfulness‐based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy 3 half-day workshops every two wk, 1 full day workshop, 1 small group conference call over 8 wk Multimodal ( 2 ); 5-8 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) Mindfulness; leadership-related outcome / Sawyer (2023); USA; RCT ( 67 ) Waitlist; medium-term Lower; healthcare 39; 38 Psychoeducational Group Program on
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.7
["leadership"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950664
[ 0.044290367513895035, 0.035490330308675766, 0.01315504964441061, 0.033941373229026794, 0.027164341881871223, 0.06547785550355911, -0.03976551070809364, -0.03420586884021759, 0.02304810658097267, -0.05373331904411316, 0.014036701060831547, -0.01313016377389431, -0.04794774577021599, 0.029574967920780182, 0.04798704385757446, -0.01399517897516489, -0.016343174502253532, 0.038395874202251434, -0.026588736101984978, -0.06025893613696098, -0.06248503923416138, 0.08482353389263153, 0.06586673110723495, 0.04017459601163864, -0.06689127534627914, 0.0171457938849926, -0.03204002603888512, -0.08051001280546188, 0.09242914617061615, 0.02172023430466652, 0.006367468740791082, -0.03185521811246872, 0.02271432802081108, 0.05459941178560257, -0.02121831849217415, 0.05585361644625664, -0.01186649315059185, 0.022780658677220345, 0.0013589224545285106, -0.009241793304681778, -0.0750247985124588, 0.031020160764455795, -0.033750176429748535, -0.004206642042845488, -0.0016212820773944259, -0.05466468259692192, -0.07511147856712341, -0.02989569678902626, -0.05293845757842064, -0.14913462102413177, -0.03995281830430031, -0.02578040584921837, -0.038940589874982834, 0.06318864226341248, 0.0025536897592246532, -0.004318562336266041, 0.03732649236917496, 0.058664556592702866, -0.010856644250452518, 0.07325748354196548, -0.03933003172278404, -0.015949860215187073, -0.05032016709446907, -0.02659720368683338, 0.0086381696164608, 0.04768192023038864, -0.04811767861247063, 0.06567441672086716, 0.04097863286733627, -0.05114640295505524, -0.017809562385082245, -0.07543586939573288, 0.05656823888421059, 0.0059268055483698845, 0.026688946411013603, 0.0385175459086895, 0.02636898308992386, -0.03317079693078995, 0.021473921835422516, -0.0009691665763966739, 0.06136637181043625, 0.07583174854516983, 0.009396960027515888, 0.039033737033605576, -0.005128301680088043, -0.03801136463880539, -0.005544028710573912, 0.06715524941682816, -0.008606158196926117, 0.030072150751948357, 0.013890513218939304, 0.036116331815719604, -0.062273770570755005, 0.012795312330126762, -0.0476020872592926, 0.017953770235180855, -0.11363378912210464, 0.01602674275636673, -0.09495791047811508, -0.000770639511756599, 0.05393049865961075, -0.03351727873086929, -0.015196021646261215, -0.04365784302353859, -0.05505814030766487, -0.0476967953145504, 0.06775607168674469, -0.009563661180436611, -0.028996987268328667, -0.06362457573413849, -0.041527580469846725, 0.02238503098487854, -0.014239412732422352, -0.04028531536459923, -0.016080504283308983, -0.02252274565398693, -0.030700821429491043, 0.061516836285591125, 0.09503006935119629, -0.051604900509119034, 0.11055867373943329, 0.012481078505516052, 0.15445870161056519, -0.05665449798107147, 0.04080383479595184, -0.021571794524788857, -0.017542170360684395, 4.557237314504463e-33, 0.03922516852617264, -0.04193345829844475, 0.0260219257324934, 0.05351562052965164, 0.006925609894096851, 0.03374665230512619, 0.0492987222969532, -0.03211226686835289, -0.034617938101291656, -0.011518934741616249, 0.014498703181743622, -0.044087957590818405, 0.029639508575201035, 0.05486249923706055, -0.11475304514169693, -0.09128517657518387, -0.09538660943508148, 0.016714295372366905, -0.11632105708122253, -0.02456383965909481, 0.04281872883439064, 0.03194992244243622, 0.030884744599461555, 0.04758867621421814, -0.032403044402599335, -0.004671238828450441, 0.02844860590994358, -0.04202021658420563, 0.054332658648490906, 0.05954641103744507, -0.07147320359945297, 0.07423084229230881, -0.06675800681114197, -0.013959906063973904, -0.06804874539375305, 0.03941251337528229, 0.01726517826318741, -0.06957066059112549, 0.0713169276714325, -0.0670667290687561, -0.006027461029589176, 0.0335090272128582, 0.015713201835751534, 0.03987143561244011, 0.024695662781596184, -0.01189440581947565, -0.011116680689156055, 0.018825234845280647, 0.030731599777936935, 0.018873656168580055, -0.14498387277126312, -0.002666071057319641, -0.039801593869924545, -0.040458790957927704, -0.02061229757964611, -0.051587045192718506, 0.09500917792320251, 0.1117234081029892, 0.012461933307349682, -0.042928483337163925, 0.023220404982566833, 0.029369955882430077, -0.11495915800333023, 0.0072899796068668365, -0.006096686702221632, -0.01862877607345581, -0.06080497428774834, -0.07534277439117432, -0.0020541439298540354, -0.007190421689301729, -0.01951063610613346, 0.039272092282772064, 0.05707855895161629, 0.06711547821760178, -0.0025805626064538956, -0.10319536179304123, 0.028224075213074684, -0.0221465602517128, -0.053958710283041, 0.031618330627679825, -0.007883531041443348, 0.04480196163058281, -0.0589926540851593, 0.006652647629380226, 0.0015029198257252574, -0.04653563350439072, -0.05711185559630394, -0.017806245014071465, -0.054655320942401886, 0.005765728186815977, -0.010553091764450073, 0.021779591217637062, 0.11714250594377518, 0.10579254478216171, -0.08964938670396805, -5.0146350233788774e-33, 0.10348884016275406, 0.03896607831120491, 0.04425572603940964, 0.008532043546438217, 0.15494181215763092, 0.0301697738468647, -0.034916918724775314, 0.00849412102252245, 0.03090643882751465, 0.03423858806490898, 0.05904828757047653, -0.029057057574391365, 0.025311540812253952, 0.029371997341513634, 0.02905380353331566, -0.04513361677527428, -0.014723867177963257, -0.03648112341761589, -0.03082992695271969, -0.035848453640937805, 0.05119319260120392, -0.022015919908881187, -0.007136390544474125, 0.05841318145394325, -0.02589259296655655, 0.0058487397618591785, 0.016736673191189766, 0.04379443824291229, 0.06940159946680069, -0.04626987874507904, 0.020537443459033966, -0.02013397216796875, -0.040877170860767365, 0.04932091385126114, -0.008457783609628677, 0.005080432631075382, 0.024434354156255722, -0.04103552922606468, -0.0836399495601654, 0.08112668991088867, 0.023441748693585396, -0.01242324523627758, 0.031109608709812164, -0.030879253521561623, 0.008582317270338535, 0.06013796478509903, -0.023153964430093765, -0.04323785379528999, -0.10142780840396881, 0.06059820204973221, -0.024108635261654854, 0.016242777928709984, -0.09176795929670334, 0.005365841090679169, 0.13157889246940613, -0.010384582914412022, -0.044412944465875626, -0.07562641054391861, -0.10146041214466095, -0.02997659705579281, 0.015062928199768066, -0.0407051257789135, 0.04160905256867409, -0.0229195449501276, 0.005417485721409321, 0.05768227204680443, 0.02975998818874359, 0.03957004472613335, -0.022977551445364952, 0.06110258400440216, -0.04581471160054207, 0.020152874290943146, -0.026457974687218666, -0.08588378876447678, -0.05024757608771324, -0.010683774948120117, -0.06828845292329788, -0.06856144219636917, -0.06289258599281311, -0.09645964950323105, -0.01703454740345478, -0.04383958876132965, -0.0030338792130351067, -0.002351331990212202, 0.04891626909375191, 0.030727334320545197, 0.0829538032412529, 0.035468604415655136, -0.008243788965046406, 0.10200479626655579, -0.06383116543292999, -0.014870796352624893, 0.0840202048420906, 0.0382247120141983, 0.021757984533905983, -5.1439290160715245e-8, -0.06907888501882553, -0.029653288424015045, -0.025751028209924698, 0.020937811583280563, 0.060670290142297745, 0.010663798078894615, -0.013659949414432049, -0.004041675012558699, -0.04530078545212746, 0.12156784534454346, 0.025368930771946907, -0.07428336888551712, -0.0006529967067763209, 0.014280125498771667, 0.015225700102746487, -0.10396501421928406, 0.014299695380032063, 0.03237244859337807, 0.06537378579378128, -0.11302365362644196, 0.05110615864396095, -0.02390051819384098, 0.03568089008331299, -0.1066785454750061, -0.022639663890004158, 0.014027280732989311, -0.010199279524385929, 0.0844406709074974, -0.06550983339548111, -0.10072953999042511, 0.02916814014315605, 0.05180198699235916, 0.011301069520413876, 0.006429570727050304, 0.002111409790813923, -0.006563488394021988, -0.054901380091905594, 0.012436172924935818, 0.027186188846826553, 0.040827780961990356, 0.03163887932896614, 0.01935926266014576, 0.04744623228907585, 0.10166182368993759, 0.0032346572261303663, -0.04109640046954155, -0.09876062721014023, 0.018722789362072945, -0.019381945952773094, -0.030654095113277435, 0.06361201405525208, 0.04330463707447052, -0.006058673374354839, -0.006289142183959484, 0.025553394109010696, 0.11090245097875595, 0.06140507385134697, -0.023720789700746536, 0.006856928579509258, -0.039621416479349136, 0.03467065095901489, -0.07171084731817245, -0.10330712050199509, 0.03584790974855423 ]
lthcare 39; 38 Psychoeducational Group Program on mental well-being based on an integrative theoretical framework of mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy Nine weekly 90 min online group sessions promoting self-care, growth and adaptive coping Multimodal ( 2 ); 9-12 wk Virtual (no); group sessions PS; mental health; work-related outcome Perceived stress; subsyndromal symptoms Shonin (2014); UK; RCT ( 68 ) Alternative (education group program on cognitive behavioral
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.69
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950682
[ -0.027255089953541756, -0.005026619415730238, -0.0024764901027083397, 0.03464234992861748, -0.0006237936322577298, 0.040629077702760696, 0.012079481966793537, 0.02027340605854988, 0.023337017744779587, -0.06733208894729614, 0.020430194213986397, 0.015276569873094559, -0.05095900595188141, -0.056479014456272125, 0.06492552161216736, -0.07588186115026474, -0.029643816873431206, 0.014377260580658913, -0.048153866082429886, -0.05595267191529274, -0.02044510655105114, 0.0027149778325110674, 0.05148133262991905, 0.07054530084133148, 0.003930931910872459, 0.0758107602596283, -0.04425535723567009, -0.04104382172226906, 0.08840625733137131, 0.036657992750406265, 0.06704279780387878, 0.038498654961586, 0.015700601041316986, 0.05793748050928116, 0.012867302633821964, 0.03434097394347191, -0.0039960481226444244, 0.02455560863018036, -0.048331644386053085, 0.03802335634827614, -0.14127600193023682, 0.0389641597867012, 0.02916073426604271, -0.025335293263196945, 0.027753472328186035, -0.0905023068189621, -0.057592492550611496, -0.06283289939165115, -0.029894545674324036, -0.10764127969741821, -0.012184183113276958, 0.021305158734321594, 0.029110971838235855, 0.07585670799016953, 0.00053265574388206, 0.06462100893259048, 0.05020437762141228, 0.0036802245303988457, -0.01702769845724106, 0.04633953794836998, 0.0858352929353714, 0.023282630369067192, 0.016852742061018944, 0.02325187809765339, -0.008674764074385166, 0.052271705120801926, -0.03941560909152031, 0.05842674896121025, 0.056068483740091324, -0.08993176370859146, -0.07308942079544067, -0.08182432502508163, -0.02506287395954132, 0.024015584960579872, 0.04585076496005058, 0.030518943443894386, -0.003066641977056861, -0.037600040435791016, 0.041963960975408554, 0.07048778980970383, 0.06840870529413223, 0.10319767892360687, 0.02595130354166031, -0.012888849712908268, 0.006489812862128019, -0.04685642197728157, 0.010137139819562435, 0.07921291142702103, 0.034301239997148514, 0.00408158078789711, 0.03690246865153313, 0.05278921499848366, -0.07266347110271454, 0.011147898621857166, -0.031192520633339882, -0.04584088921546936, -0.03862587362527847, 0.014343587681651115, -0.08063830435276031, 0.033329159021377563, 0.023801129311323166, -0.009848094545304775, -0.02841286174952984, -0.0010504109086468816, -0.05176181718707085, -0.04149777069687843, 0.033483315259218216, 0.0030550314113497734, 0.055952660739421844, -0.057891201227903366, -0.09978605806827545, -0.053075700998306274, -0.008689229376614094, -0.03485338017344475, -0.023024458438158035, -0.026137864217162132, -0.04749876260757446, 0.0593341626226902, 0.1313561350107193, -0.029095038771629333, 0.11091545969247818, 0.038429826498031616, 0.13466598093509674, 0.019396299496293068, 0.04255516827106476, -0.038725994527339935, -0.014352749101817608, 5.924478671174867e-33, 0.08254024386405945, 0.005514270626008511, 0.05740365758538246, -0.011390897445380688, 0.004966291133314371, -0.021284377202391624, 0.016647711396217346, 0.05916040018200874, -0.01917463354766369, -0.034939974546432495, 0.008417394012212753, 0.05211944878101349, 0.0015937044518068433, 0.09830938279628754, -0.07943904399871826, -0.05681266635656357, -0.13957807421684265, 0.027667934074997902, -0.021929292008280754, 0.01836267113685608, 0.03256768733263016, 0.03375517204403877, 0.037159264087677, -0.008329439908266068, -0.0008419593214057386, -0.004674622323364019, 0.0006959801539778709, 0.018917104229331017, 0.0015078189317137003, 0.014379944652318954, -0.06254521012306213, 0.02135072834789753, -0.07920777052640915, -0.03675440326333046, -0.031353097409009933, -0.07067520171403885, -0.007002599537372589, -0.009996171109378338, 0.012043198570609093, -0.11328820884227753, -0.006167341955006123, 0.0010529872961342335, 0.018537821248173714, 0.03176072984933853, 0.04727771505713463, 0.045856356620788574, -0.03366719186306, -0.07063084840774536, 0.017225246876478195, 0.029547275975346565, -0.11591019481420517, -0.00935373641550541, -0.06665182113647461, -0.05593358352780342, -0.09309166669845581, -0.05538734048604965, 0.044805433601140976, 0.06297629326581955, -0.00320132402703166, -0.04702340066432953, 0.004470070358365774, -0.022738927975296974, -0.08998110145330429, -0.06673861294984818, 0.032979339361190796, -0.02149551548063755, 0.026733258739113808, -0.03422173857688904, 0.05317530408501625, -0.029437121003866196, -0.06264281272888184, 0.002289104275405407, -0.004185293801128864, 0.06407524645328522, -0.04082631319761276, -0.11788241565227509, 0.037671539932489395, 0.028576558455824852, -0.10847008228302002, 0.040704742074012756, -0.003102210583165288, 0.038052335381507874, -0.043924324214458466, -0.027185669168829918, 0.04189954325556755, -0.029306789860129356, -0.07660830020904541, -0.04475734382867813, -0.03521176427602768, 0.042268116027116776, 0.06193610653281212, 0.016556065529584885, 0.1572898030281067, 0.09017813950777054, -0.03180507943034172, -5.601401395691054e-33, 0.07995661348104477, 0.09153568744659424, -0.044729623943567276, 0.008576086722314358, 0.09321718662977219, 0.023407813161611557, 0.021987836807966232, -0.000655457261018455, 0.015475663356482983, 0.07252677530050278, 0.04825666546821594, -0.030075568705797195, 0.059163182973861694, 0.045069996267557144, -0.03394370153546333, -0.07083950191736221, 0.02038181759417057, -0.03467520698904991, -0.05691006779670715, -0.035427168011665344, 0.05113239213824272, -0.03035852126777172, 0.005423107650130987, -0.008571396581828594, 0.0644179955124855, 0.00691926060244441, 0.0024540747981518507, -0.008641807362437248, 0.029439419507980347, 0.0027431733906269073, 0.07577908039093018, 0.0251451563090086, -0.04282775893807411, 0.01688549667596817, 0.01998685672879219, -0.051238372921943665, 0.040241628885269165, 0.007317692507058382, -0.10396579653024673, 0.028099417686462402, 0.058608200401067734, 0.016462668776512146, -0.04847412183880806, 0.01961536519229412, 0.006086151581257582, 0.06176474690437317, 0.04719432443380356, -0.06506416201591492, -0.0684811919927597, 0.09597237408161163, 0.004655080381780863, -0.03975452110171318, -0.06747803092002869, -0.01335684210062027, 0.14185921847820282, -0.05056944862008095, -0.020886069163680077, -0.05944420024752617, -0.16049309074878693, -0.049842629581689835, 0.020759359002113342, -0.052870359271764755, 0.0025077140890061855, -0.028343800455331802, 0.011916444636881351, -0.008488379418849945, -0.028153961524367332, 0.0805240273475647, -0.05788163095712662, 0.024658124893903732, -0.09265317767858505, -0.026940304785966873, 0.05911145359277725, -0.07689373940229416, -0.033132489770650864, -0.0021027526818215847, -0.00042871342157013714, -0.060845136642456055, -0.09708720445632935, 0.0027380280662328005, -0.04076531529426575, -0.060536399483680725, 0.04099641740322113, -0.007479497697204351, -0.03766857832670212, -0.04746556654572487, 0.024461951106786728, 0.11444783210754395, 0.002544594695791602, 0.07529546320438385, -0.025656625628471375, 0.049099262803792953, 0.013563508167862892, 0.050326909869909286, -0.020308254286646843, -4.9005905111698667e-8, 0.04408646374940872, -0.10503426939249039, -0.024579564109444618, -0.01987382210791111, 0.07787850499153137, -0.00958194863051176, 0.018786784261465073, -0.03433147817850113, -0.06006597727537155, 0.07785630226135254, -0.032059445977211, -0.03596049174666405, -0.037236154079437256, 0.0003549765096977353, -0.03720208629965782, -0.11341865360736847, 0.04342798516154289, -0.010945047251880169, 0.04979941248893738, -0.01330194529145956, 0.0190730057656765, -0.06307265907526016, -0.007119615562260151, -0.03438681736588478, -0.05712311714887619, 0.05858935788273811, -0.003019556635990739, 0.046744201332330704, -0.06989971548318863, -0.061811115592718124, 0.08282352983951569, 0.06067562475800514, 0.048163771629333496, -0.0069881705567240715, -0.021198777481913567, -0.10436827689409256, 0.02253982238471508, 0.05611399561166763, 0.03765030950307846, 0.03997928649187088, -0.02041008695960045, 0.0595427006483078, 0.040914539247751236, 0.0438678003847599, 0.011689950712025166, 0.011409446597099304, -0.07958578318357468, -0.03092757612466812, -0.04032113775610924, -0.018258046358823776, 0.07511267811059952, 0.016414161771535873, -0.0034467868972569704, 0.0023051511961966753, 0.026057664304971695, 0.04313685745000839, 0.03123108297586441, 0.058413974940776825, -0.003907341975718737, -0.05129008740186691, -0.0024387456942349672, -0.03474942594766617, 0.000842311535961926, 0.021233489736914635 ]
e (education group program on cognitive behavioral theory); mixed Middle; NR 76; 76 Meditation awareness training Weekly 90 min workshops, daily self-practice, two optional one-to-one support sessions (50 min) plus daily self-practice Relaxation ( 1 ); 5-8 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) PS; mental health; work-related outcomes Job stress; general mental health Vonderlin (2021); Germany; CBA ( 69 ) Passive; medium-term Diverse; diverse 117; 117 Health-promoting leadership interv
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.895
0.69
["leadership", "career"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950701
[ 0.04843083769083023, 0.05363279581069946, 0.0022379979491233826, 0.009830133058130741, -0.030164651572704315, 0.08435660600662231, 0.02884693816304207, -0.04681263864040375, -0.010436100885272026, -0.02872132509946823, 0.005555186420679092, -0.01989584043622017, -0.07828304171562195, -0.013837046921253204, 0.07304926961660385, -0.011268982663750648, -0.015109638683497906, -0.018745461478829384, -0.025167686864733696, -0.047309428453445435, -0.060191523283720016, 0.028006497770547867, 0.05899469554424286, 0.062372442334890366, -0.06281829625368118, 0.011881180107593536, 0.001403085538186133, -0.09657872468233109, 0.09827791899442673, -0.03246881440281868, 0.05151067301630974, 0.046710480004549026, 0.040469616651535034, 0.04247700795531273, 0.009795072488486767, 0.07226257026195526, 0.010107424110174179, -0.012877321802079678, -0.029855769127607346, 0.001446987153030932, -0.11058004200458527, 0.02571686916053295, 0.0034324158914387226, -0.01879919320344925, -0.006795051507651806, -0.031408000737428665, -0.06987304985523224, -0.014939107932150364, -0.02047698386013508, -0.13997840881347656, -0.009295365773141384, -0.04416459798812866, 0.01570236124098301, 0.029914001002907753, 0.003284368896856904, -0.022646667435765266, 0.017968779429793358, 0.029681028798222542, -0.012656505219638348, 0.0708649605512619, -0.011412100866436958, -0.0471663698554039, -0.038914065808057785, 0.03760526701807976, 0.006751928944140673, -0.0002063251013169065, -0.028644133359193802, 0.07366808503866196, 0.012988629750907421, -0.07787296921014786, -0.031793203204870224, -0.14964346587657928, 0.007543098647147417, 0.07600650936365128, 0.10823829472064972, 0.01721513643860817, -0.03845838084816933, -0.04241926968097687, 0.006919355597347021, 0.013990542851388454, -0.015368739143013954, 0.08028829097747803, -0.02134275995194912, 0.009289762936532497, 0.03256293013691902, -0.02322245202958584, -0.03381812945008278, 0.09065143018960953, 0.027301544323563576, 0.03506189584732056, 0.038418613374233246, -0.00638266047462821, -0.11590856313705444, 0.03751015663146973, -0.007852877490222454, 0.012102063745260239, 0.006174988579005003, 0.030256489291787148, -0.039403680711984634, 0.021975301206111908, 0.03634251281619072, 0.0703880563378334, -0.027562614530324936, 0.020051930099725723, -0.1297266036272049, -0.057543933391571045, 0.097734235227108, -0.015769753605127335, 0.006661759689450264, -0.05242285132408142, -0.0951237827539444, -0.041408855468034744, -0.04636303707957268, -0.09549053758382797, 0.007695870473980904, -0.010213393718004227, -0.03587770089507103, 0.027439849451184273, 0.07610181719064713, -0.017000537365674973, 0.09395594894886017, -0.013796263374388218, 0.12220125645399094, 0.018335305154323578, 0.03335783630609512, -0.03166470304131508, -0.051947951316833496, 3.1345306242324946e-33, 0.016554689034819603, -0.021130219101905823, 0.0620119571685791, 0.09385699778795242, 0.0001226632302859798, 0.03659521043300629, 0.011900526471436024, -0.020544318482279778, 0.010769343934953213, -0.06308842450380325, -0.00350824068300426, 0.028025256469845772, 0.050055600702762604, 0.09559179842472076, -0.048854656517505646, -0.04535931721329689, -0.09414620697498322, 0.018420208245515823, -0.02244623564183712, -0.008601917885243893, 0.05074770003557205, 0.022743431851267815, -0.03500225022435188, 0.030480796471238136, -0.01708710566163063, 0.012034658342599869, 0.07478432357311249, -0.02319522574543953, 0.05531896650791168, 0.03558574989438057, -0.013189977966248989, 0.039219796657562256, -0.13250747323036194, -0.005059939809143543, -0.03653046861290932, 0.08379226922988892, 0.03457321971654892, 0.016149628907442093, 0.0589091032743454, -0.044428035616874695, 0.04223021864891052, 0.03854883462190628, 0.06401457637548447, 0.004794638603925705, 0.0191696397960186, -0.031699664890766144, -0.002633909462019801, -0.07967201620340347, 0.023480091243982315, 0.04267954081296921, -0.10093309730291367, -0.061835043132305145, -0.006080342456698418, -0.06931667774915695, -0.030488071963191032, 0.01854291744530201, 0.08626405894756317, 0.07697462290525436, -0.03234585374593735, -0.029978536069393158, 0.007820838131010532, 0.04029732942581177, -0.13133475184440613, -0.011295458301901817, 0.025493161752820015, -0.01137448288500309, -0.04696042835712433, -0.05125674232840538, 0.0868142768740654, -0.03270014747977257, -0.036287255585193634, -0.007564601954072714, 0.00977750401943922, 0.007558055687695742, -0.04034526273608208, -0.08443327248096466, -0.059133462607860565, 0.016652680933475494, -0.04891471937298775, 0.0798792839050293, -0.013948836363852024, 0.0603376105427742, -0.03743404895067215, 0.040692415088415146, 0.037683337926864624, -0.01309567503631115, -0.03054283931851387, 0.0036998195573687553, -0.028943095356225967, 0.06201362982392311, 0.020264262333512306, 0.04262934997677803, 0.17184032499790192, 0.08159321546554565, -0.08431258052587509, -4.98234823432362e-33, 0.057330094277858734, 0.09609689563512802, -0.028244180604815483, 0.018231147900223732, 0.1304849237203598, 0.09790585935115814, 0.058568183332681656, 0.03222930431365967, 0.009554661810398102, 0.046133991330862045, 0.038067061454057693, -0.02559947967529297, 0.03769207373261452, 0.06981357932090759, -0.03577322140336037, -0.02814416028559208, -0.019124874845147133, 0.04080991446971893, -0.04605906829237938, 0.022625291720032692, 0.032788097858428955, 0.008142558857798576, 0.029764175415039062, 0.019632570445537567, -0.0009774374775588512, 0.003015029476955533, -0.009259856306016445, 0.03808361291885376, 0.05874498933553696, -0.006707683205604553, 0.04126065596938133, -0.02415497414767742, -0.0434865839779377, 0.055898867547512054, -0.03685972839593887, -0.05426807701587677, 0.03132038563489914, -0.018706534057855606, -0.09815950691699982, 0.028222767636179924, 0.030582457780838013, 0.005860465113073587, -0.008815822191536427, -0.0016728747868910432, 0.029472289606928825, 0.01811210811138153, -0.005229576025158167, -0.014433671720325947, -0.11469900608062744, 0.008020768873393536, -0.0561818964779377, -0.04610742628574371, -0.09711478650569916, -0.05044132471084595, 0.08021029829978943, -0.0562664233148098, -0.00014388222189154476, -0.075473852455616, -0.09369019418954849, -0.0305652879178524, 0.0830216109752655, 0.08128370344638824, -0.04770104959607124, 0.011350736953318119, -0.01182449609041214, -0.055574215948581696, -0.037416309118270874, 0.017689909785985947, -0.05689128115773201, 0.01776016689836979, -0.014108048751950264, 0.012086561881005764, -0.013903902843594551, -0.09045818448066711, -0.054849784821271896, -0.013711949810385704, 0.008642259053885937, -0.030067728832364082, -0.06482293456792831, -0.001929879654198885, -0.07777473330497742, -0.07356046140193939, -0.022885099053382874, -0.0136897386983037, -0.01744161732494831, 0.05093860253691673, -0.009750005789101124, 0.03353709727525711, 0.020474564284086227, 0.049640901386737823, -0.06627039611339569, 0.030389836058020592, 0.00399499898776412, 0.02733457460999489, -0.007178928703069687, -5.253530588333888e-8, -0.00345175270922482, -0.09050879627466202, 0.04070249944925308, -0.012110084295272827, 0.0380234457552433, -0.0758688673377037, -0.020550033077597618, -0.07761655747890472, -0.044249165803194046, 0.08544741570949554, 0.02210613526403904, -0.0835239365696907, -0.016764631494879723, 0.010511279106140137, 0.038116440176963806, -0.09993617981672287, 0.025872260332107544, 0.07540912181138992, 0.035667408257722855, -0.016458716243505478, 0.043636076152324677, -0.05334680527448654, 0.05097721517086029, -0.07155738025903702, -0.020027687773108482, 0.014583439566195011, -0.030511992052197456, 0.07699304074048996, -0.05819248780608177, -0.06595896929502487, 0.02809532731771469, 0.05827266350388527, -0.00694692088291049, -0.006286914926022291, -0.07578590512275696, -0.07088519632816315, -0.03269113600254059, -0.003971334081143141, 0.005947268567979336, 0.08283134549856186, -0.035489004105329514, -0.007494894787669182, 0.11342259496450424, 0.0366748571395874, 0.014971827156841755, -0.008754391223192215, -0.05237375944852829, -0.01568860560655594, 0.022536564618349075, -0.02458701841533184, 0.04633646830916405, 0.02427130565047264, 0.01625180058181286, -0.031794171780347824, 0.03166346997022629, 0.11716771125793457, 0.01648842915892601, -0.011028047651052475, -0.021794505417346954, -0.05880298092961311, 0.10248924791812897, -0.027038827538490295, -0.11721696704626083, 0.05584684759378433 ]
iverse 117; 117 Health-promoting leadership intervention covering the topics (a) health-promoting selfcare, (b) health-promoting staff-care, and (c) addressing employees under stress built on the health-oriented leadership model 3 full-day courses (8 hr each), 2x3-hr booster, optional mindfulness practice; 30 hr over a period of 6 months Multimodal ( 3 ); >12 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) Mental health; leadership-related outcome Subsyndromal symptoms First author (year); coun
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.686
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950721
[ 0.016364090144634247, 0.06158474460244179, 0.028057966381311417, 0.02502179518342018, -0.022877948358654976, 0.04482060670852661, -0.0636691004037857, -0.04425117373466492, -0.049155741930007935, -0.07237174361944199, 0.03857508301734924, 0.03304523974657059, -0.020399847999215126, -0.029728621244430542, 0.09876719117164612, -0.12760648131370544, -0.025264602154493332, 0.03310287371277809, -0.0646391212940216, -0.02679087407886982, -0.008608822710812092, 0.022679436951875687, 0.031133295968174934, 0.08857142180204391, -0.1011529266834259, -0.016986185684800148, -0.0022266476880759, -0.031229563057422638, 0.09905391931533813, 0.0034107216633856297, 0.04334232956171036, -0.09853038191795349, 0.014237051829695702, 0.04147670418024063, -0.0380740612745285, 0.04423757269978523, 0.02400592714548111, 0.011488408781588078, -0.04076578840613365, 0.009807738475501537, -0.0466095469892025, -0.02226264402270317, -0.029258888214826584, 0.020178359001874924, 0.036178600043058395, -0.029402734711766243, -0.08041195571422577, -0.014057573862373829, -0.0261105727404356, -0.10636599361896515, -0.028573697432875633, -0.0025944907683879137, -0.0035140078980475664, 0.02813311479985714, 0.05442989245057106, 0.01872093230485916, 0.013006136752665043, -0.05656977370381355, -0.0011789281852543354, 0.06725367158651352, 0.004188867285847664, -0.00827695056796074, -0.03104701265692711, 0.02676311880350113, -0.0798625499010086, -0.03064326010644436, -0.08256836980581284, 0.05053144693374634, 0.035839349031448364, -0.021956419572234154, 0.009881697595119476, -0.12025322020053864, 0.052596673369407654, 0.006510783452540636, 0.06707652658224106, 0.06571955978870392, -0.016298290342092514, -0.03370985388755798, 0.05038362741470337, 0.0202118419110775, 0.019997162744402885, 0.04232155904173851, 0.08478419482707977, 0.09699822962284088, -0.04560515284538269, -0.03299030289053917, 0.02300320193171501, -0.000527201103977859, -0.04752403870224953, 0.034111954271793365, 0.03317531198263168, 0.0021817348897457123, -0.12296715378761292, -0.03381039574742317, -0.05058721825480461, 0.003445983864367008, -0.07665348798036575, 0.004326929338276386, -0.061490338295698166, 0.014747058972716331, 0.05016568303108215, -0.057981736958026886, -0.00032366561936214566, 0.02019602805376053, -0.06506093591451645, -0.034105945378541946, 0.006474917754530907, -0.015051348134875298, -0.01083875447511673, -0.045540180057287216, -0.04600328952074051, 0.019136065617203712, -0.007404532749205828, -0.09264467656612396, 0.06269892305135727, 0.02876872569322586, -0.03767990693449974, 0.02823442406952381, 0.028170838952064514, -0.041138049215078354, 0.08538311719894409, -0.048833925276994705, 0.14570055902004242, -0.020289521664381027, 0.026928532868623734, -0.022926148027181625, -0.04297280311584473, 2.892055343345635e-33, 0.02274087443947792, 0.0758284255862236, 0.06618161499500275, 0.06430550664663315, -0.0009352031047455966, 0.024920085445046425, 0.027150113135576248, -0.03838924691081047, 0.027211925014853477, -0.006701290141791105, 0.0005232994444668293, 0.011029068380594254, 0.03905591741204262, 0.043316978961229324, -0.09806200116872787, -0.06378886848688126, -0.06540890038013458, 0.036653000861406326, -0.09198160469532013, 0.021704308688640594, 0.027179228141903877, -0.001237900578416884, 0.005050640553236008, -0.0060235485434532166, 0.012805732898414135, 0.03590329736471176, 0.1134440153837204, -0.049909576773643494, 0.04153772443532944, 0.07250871509313583, -0.008372165262699127, 0.04665105417370796, -0.09244896471500397, -0.04692023620009422, -0.025541387498378754, 0.03414600342512131, -0.0509500727057457, -0.03995684161782265, 0.02544068545103073, -0.07579503953456879, -0.04930823668837547, 0.015646012499928474, 0.05877700075507164, -0.014345534145832062, 0.027037983760237694, -0.01330367662012577, 0.0048234364949166775, -0.039742402732372284, -0.0013525130925700068, 0.004442269913852215, -0.0832650288939476, 0.010186580009758472, 0.02611798420548439, -0.04074284806847572, 0.022285031154751778, -0.03375954180955887, 0.08835789561271667, 0.06690887361764908, -0.028755005449056625, 0.035535190254449844, 0.08379460871219635, -0.038575999438762665, -0.1168556660413742, 0.05590197443962097, 0.05714220553636551, -0.03129780665040016, -0.03283523768186569, -0.06741426140069962, 0.03379964083433151, -0.031656794250011444, -0.01415787823498249, 0.06486520171165466, -0.05050318315625191, -0.010049027390778065, -0.07536865025758743, -0.06375477463006973, -0.019325166940689087, -0.032472558319568634, -0.035575781017541885, 0.005005153827369213, -0.0104447640478611, 0.008290611207485199, 0.05682627111673355, -0.02065727859735489, 0.026261204853653908, 0.005640799645334482, -0.01872282847762108, 0.00964445061981678, -0.012142197228968143, 0.0226150956004858, 0.0618211105465889, 0.049809861928224564, 0.0992308259010315, 0.1283341944217682, -0.06752081215381622, -4.653807481502376e-33, 0.09247446060180664, 0.06443449854850769, -0.05886570364236832, -0.05578020587563515, 0.1943538933992386, 0.029432306066155434, -0.01703662797808647, 0.02607458457350731, 0.026586228981614113, 0.014300554990768433, 0.02986202947795391, -0.0160004124045372, -0.039226122200489044, 0.03351965174078941, -0.027965568006038666, 0.008228335529565811, 0.006669204216450453, -0.07947557419538498, -0.08406729251146317, 0.008666998706758022, -0.01299739908427, 0.028809165582060814, 0.059306800365448, 0.052715953439474106, 0.02012811228632927, 0.033685047179460526, -0.0027447545435279608, 0.08749672025442123, 0.08997771888971329, -0.0026862581726163626, 0.029265757650136948, 0.03544116020202637, -0.00042146124178543687, -0.018875787034630775, 0.002825435483828187, 0.0016496593598276377, 0.015600260347127914, -0.045152973383665085, -0.019828451797366142, 0.09361585229635239, 0.07563070207834244, 0.006032726727426052, 0.08675331622362137, -0.03756202757358551, 0.03376377373933792, 0.01672421395778656, -0.03446833789348602, -0.06609302014112473, -0.14727826416492462, 0.06060836836695671, -0.10433356463909149, -0.05198335647583008, -0.08912329375743866, 0.0761009082198143, 0.04600215330719948, -0.03129525110125542, -0.024576470255851746, -0.06450844556093216, -0.10805223882198334, -0.017279358580708504, -0.0014851074665784836, -0.0012973642442375422, -0.029938235878944397, -0.06304477155208588, -0.06762024760246277, -0.028300991281867027, 0.043891455978155136, -0.044137727469205856, 0.0194346122443676, 0.02583845518529415, -0.1069718673825264, 0.019972866401076317, -0.04828798770904541, -0.08692903816699982, -0.118505097925663, -0.0008160708821378648, -0.062373846769332886, -0.055587269365787506, -0.08498726785182953, -0.07060302048921585, -0.08337361365556717, -0.078820139169693, -0.02952013723552227, -0.05771723762154579, -0.018143529072403908, -0.00005263395723886788, 0.07553990185260773, 0.06196976453065872, -0.01670784130692482, 0.027833934873342514, -0.02129094861447811, -0.0015841175336390734, -0.01968860626220703, 0.07348119467496872, -0.0041069514118134975, -5.793376800511396e-8, -0.040087562054395676, -0.03404771909117699, 0.0642816349864006, 0.01793825812637806, 0.04769468680024147, -0.009151549078524113, -0.02519438974559307, -0.03829136863350868, 0.017475780099630356, 0.09468580782413483, -0.0026780127082020044, -0.009533517993986607, 0.040322333574295044, -0.03380235284566879, 0.026273880153894424, -0.0796436071395874, 0.015453102998435497, 0.05296831578016281, 0.017881929874420166, -0.0982792004942894, 0.01147676445543766, -0.016441773623228073, -0.003132204059511423, -0.06661356985569, -0.021138060837984085, 0.0965762510895729, -0.04020458087325096, 0.06016482040286064, -0.014497566036880016, -0.0457717627286911, 0.057661425322294235, 0.05829992890357971, -0.012688127346336842, -0.01849070005118847, -0.036354005336761475, 0.033438850194215775, 0.0019434114219620824, -0.00033146192436106503, 0.018294740468263626, -0.01137449499219656, 0.03514772281050682, 0.10123120993375778, 0.02386934868991375, 0.07485634088516235, 0.03657118231058121, 0.01521178986877203, -0.08493385463953018, 0.03442098945379257, 0.010170115157961845, -0.061351530253887177, 0.014742504805326462, 0.036782827228307724, 0.025646919384598732, -0.0003852574445772916, -0.008251766674220562, 0.09932316094636917, 0.01828191615641117, 0.022001275792717934, -0.04109547659754753, 0.006021395791321993, 0.028310243040323257, -0.058313511312007904, 0.005187606438994408, 0.049009356647729874 ]
me Subsyndromal symptoms First author (year); country; study design Control group; Follow-up period Management level; setting Number of participants (IG; CG) Intervention Intervention format Intervention type (N); length Training setting (home practice); delivery mode Outcome categories Subcategories Vonderlin (2023); Germany; CBA ( 20 ) Passive; long-term Diverse; healthcare and science 13; 269 Health-promoting leadership intervention covering the topics (a) health-promoting selfcare, (b) health-promoting
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.896
0.676
["leadership", "management"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950741
[ 0.0006167659885250032, 0.02351396717131138, 0.05757298693060875, 0.05204806104302406, -0.03894346207380295, 0.07186844944953918, -0.09676007926464081, 0.13009922206401825, -0.07055661827325821, -0.07624275982379913, -0.011146252043545246, 0.015724696218967438, -0.031027721241116524, 0.006016389466822147, 0.019794922322034836, 0.029577739536762238, 0.04161323979496956, 0.008713344112038612, 0.00460864556953311, -0.060511514544487, 0.008865118026733398, 0.04922034963965416, 0.06985071301460266, 0.05129212513566017, -0.08913950622081757, -0.018466947600245476, -0.062271855771541595, -0.016165509819984436, 0.0992741659283638, 0.0324857272207737, 0.015137453563511372, 0.01552839670330286, 0.025857586413621902, 0.012597199529409409, -0.005177282728254795, 0.019009944051504135, -0.025116190314292908, -0.026588482782244682, -0.04528524726629257, 0.057946763932704926, -0.0024364402052015066, -0.05477094277739525, 0.019580790773034096, 0.00208278838545084, 0.038098759949207306, -0.06524085253477097, -0.10747965425252914, 0.0326569601893425, -0.04378952458500862, 0.057691194117069244, -0.002448756480589509, -0.028701921924948692, 0.02466691844165325, 0.04546518996357918, 0.05554643273353577, -0.006215295754373074, -0.020904019474983215, -0.033437807112932205, 0.022247252985835075, 0.020574167370796204, 0.04602468013763428, 0.019206739962100983, -0.05646178126335144, 0.0018765063723549247, -0.06579120457172394, 0.035356100648641586, -0.00720701739192009, 0.0674225315451622, 0.08448638767004013, -0.00454030791297555, -0.006402988918125629, -0.10445909202098846, -0.04816468432545662, 0.09989030659198761, 0.04807016998529434, -0.0030764981638640165, 0.031056392937898636, -0.0373338982462883, 0.051089562475681305, -0.03990066796541214, -0.006961624603718519, 0.12874779105186462, 0.038871973752975464, 0.05663728341460228, -0.012856226414442062, -0.020070897415280342, 0.05759037658572197, 0.026938799768686295, -0.07646358758211136, -0.028972148895263672, 0.05581370368599892, -0.06498418748378754, -0.0881817415356636, -0.019030820578336716, -0.0683651864528656, -0.07846737653017044, 0.002963601378723979, -0.04166144132614136, -0.02284298650920391, 0.0327388234436512, 0.057699576020240784, -0.022901175543665886, -0.0009527974179945886, 0.05332189053297043, -0.08347118645906448, -0.06750490516424179, 0.01340567972511053, 0.008933005854487419, -0.025448383763432503, 0.03866102546453476, -0.028800472617149353, -0.017465738579630852, -0.010972218587994576, -0.051489103585481644, 0.07191658765077591, 0.019895492121577263, -0.04209088161587715, 0.08737857639789581, 0.09836691617965698, 0.02977364882826805, 0.022550765424966812, -0.023194562643766403, 0.0550449900329113, -0.05695895105600357, 0.006997574586421251, -0.013223903253674507, -0.08451450616121292, 4.785771416061563e-33, 0.03261466324329376, -0.01955866441130638, 0.05858246237039566, 0.0855240598320961, 0.004371205810457468, 0.011968831531703472, -0.024954771623015404, 0.02295837737619877, 0.04342556372284889, 0.004313867539167404, 0.05703544244170189, 0.03520047292113304, 0.01321993488818407, 0.04726472496986389, -0.09231220930814743, -0.023229029029607773, -0.015563753433525562, 0.033975109457969666, -0.123432457447052, 0.07817491888999939, 0.016254937276244164, -0.019911011680960655, 0.036987606436014175, -0.0047929673455655575, -0.004936977289617062, -0.005386730656027794, 0.032751332968473434, 0.009939411655068398, 0.0496000312268734, 0.030398253351449966, -0.022194989025592804, 0.04519060626626015, -0.05319252610206604, -0.15587444603443146, -0.04344011843204498, 0.013318913988769054, -0.019310254603624344, -0.09271395951509476, -0.03327188640832901, -0.05852431431412697, -0.03377482667565346, -0.00011822921806015074, 0.00409842561930418, -0.01029911357909441, 0.11001735925674438, -0.051663123071193695, 0.020880714058876038, -0.10939682275056839, -0.03197502717375755, -0.0881631150841713, -0.09155149757862091, 0.04869746416807175, -0.008830208331346512, -0.09132527559995651, 0.07042716443538666, -0.001992094563320279, 0.018676944077014923, 0.02558009885251522, -0.012900717556476593, 0.01581531949341297, 0.057217322289943695, -0.027130702510476112, -0.04293588921427727, 0.04487660527229309, 0.0029348554089665413, -0.0903375893831253, -0.03844742849469185, -0.10418416559696198, -0.018002046272158623, -0.016137367114424706, -0.031842272728681564, 0.010332092642784119, -0.011726572178304195, 0.09527634084224701, -0.05626992881298065, -0.03143711015582085, -0.015398083254694939, 0.02439890056848526, -0.06306226551532745, -0.06708893924951553, -0.05159049108624458, 0.04066196084022522, 0.015231648460030556, 0.04340094327926636, 0.12106385082006454, -0.06904613971710205, -0.055611517280340195, -0.009941876865923405, -0.005857181269675493, 0.008137869648635387, -0.0318693071603775, -0.002104189246892929, 0.06808926910161972, 0.12410950660705566, -0.037629250437021255, -5.567006430985994e-33, -0.00580610241740942, 0.10896875709295273, -0.07663973420858383, -0.10915466398000717, 0.10326169431209564, -0.019776910543441772, 0.032101601362228394, 0.032647281885147095, 0.09515557438135147, 0.08981619030237198, 0.055013258010149, 0.005345091689378023, -0.042839013040065765, -0.015554696321487427, -0.0556069053709507, 0.05539385601878166, -0.037846244871616364, -0.05737948790192604, -0.048579078167676926, 0.0412159226834774, 0.013368718326091766, 0.07931686192750931, 0.05750171095132828, 0.025704126805067062, 0.009251760318875313, 0.0373760387301445, -0.006965817417949438, 0.06444252282381058, 0.025841649621725082, -0.010640262626111507, -0.003619258524850011, -0.038077812641859055, 0.022558989003300667, -0.027080943807959557, -0.0009762731497175992, -0.019497081637382507, -0.0363166369497776, -0.06487249583005905, -0.04180276021361351, 0.05606704577803612, 0.032152168452739716, 0.037664879113435745, 0.030756769701838493, -0.020227640867233276, 0.06299810856580734, -0.012226506136357784, 0.006574902217835188, -0.04768567159771919, -0.03060906007885933, 0.04427774250507355, -0.11440443247556686, -0.025265248492360115, -0.00997040793299675, -0.0019614342600107193, 0.02150600589811802, -0.029078541323542595, 0.007081370800733566, -0.055087700486183167, -0.09997017681598663, 0.009408678859472275, 0.012344734743237495, 0.07397376000881195, -0.033116526901721954, -0.06553748995065689, 0.06145418435335159, -0.03307810053229332, 0.02169252187013626, 0.005583339370787144, 0.0369977205991745, -0.016866616904735565, -0.09589248150587082, -0.008797223679721355, -0.009115251712501049, -0.10450378805398941, 0.0071880570612847805, -0.05069606006145477, -0.03510196879506111, -0.0492297001183033, -0.08331456035375595, -0.0821453258395195, -0.07492462545633316, -0.09302742779254913, -0.004862762056291103, 0.0013029183028265834, -0.0441342256963253, 0.00345725123770535, 0.03620503842830658, 0.04125800356268883, 0.017204077914357185, 0.049161333590745926, -0.011582444421947002, 0.01505271252244711, -0.031010175123810768, 0.06721391528844833, 0.008728411048650742, -5.811347492112873e-8, 0.00950102973729372, -0.010551022365689278, 0.0199363362044096, -0.027255382388830185, 0.02117016911506653, -0.08093888312578201, -0.14101216197013855, 0.011823170818388462, -0.026700612157583237, 0.08957765996456146, -0.06522899866104126, 0.05397716909646988, 0.03205246105790138, -0.06076885759830475, 0.025140268728137016, -0.07437758892774582, 0.03826582431793213, 0.08949103951454163, -0.0420503206551075, -0.06579595059156418, 0.06021194905042648, -0.005537999328225851, 0.028896307572722435, -0.025636013597249985, -0.038467105478048325, 0.01733355224132538, 0.010631180368363857, 0.055837180465459824, -0.10197862237691879, -0.018568193539977074, 0.09056893736124039, 0.08193996548652649, 0.01151461061090231, 0.05631659924983978, -0.0561528317630291, 0.02179315686225891, 0.06169484555721283, -0.00635205302387476, 0.04375721141695976, -0.006526230368763208, 0.04712274670600891, 0.02824525348842144, 0.04900768771767616, 0.07025840878486633, -0.0019841399043798447, -0.041808515787124634, -0.006686768960207701, 0.035114482045173645, 0.0442245751619339, -0.050922662019729614, 0.0029605552554130554, -0.03289571404457092, 0.05142664909362793, 0.004368036054074764, 0.03352426365017891, 0.12292172014713287, 0.006959826219826937, 0.0647948682308197, 0.014889645390212536, 0.022809134796261787, 0.020754743367433548, -0.07216826826334, 0.0426432229578495, -0.024580957368016243 ]
) health-promoting selfcare, (b) health-promoting staff-care, and (c) addressing employees under stress built on the health-oriented leadership model 3 full-day courses (8 hr each), 2x3-hr booster, optional mindfulness practice; 30 hr over 6 months Multimodal ( 3 ); >12 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) Work-related outcome / Wasylkiw (2015); Canada; CBA ( 70 ) Passive; short-term Middle; healthcare 11; 10 Intensive weekend retreat on mindfulness 14 x16 hrs of mindfulness-based gu
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.696
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950761
[ 0.026171835139393806, 0.053749654442071915, 0.01947965659201145, 0.004649212118238211, -0.004660763777792454, 0.015660498291254044, -0.01556292362511158, -0.093941330909729, -0.009404286742210388, -0.06559086591005325, 0.04971613362431526, 0.020706161856651306, -0.02305825985968113, -0.02373809926211834, 0.07800958305597305, -0.0707690417766571, -0.0010047515388578176, 0.005080021917819977, -0.05599615350365639, -0.021645957604050636, -0.01816517859697342, 0.018411623314023018, 0.04024774208664894, 0.09492591768503189, -0.08021780103445053, -0.005041264463216066, 0.0011058362433686852, -0.03631756082177162, 0.07296185195446014, 0.016852064058184624, 0.046661168336868286, -0.03155379742383957, 0.00958541501313448, 0.03454464673995972, -0.04537573084235191, 0.08193212747573853, -0.005572910886257887, -0.01524351630359888, -0.019825467839837074, 0.006600016262382269, -0.09164787828922272, -0.006966240704059601, -0.01280039083212614, 0.037174489349126816, 0.06929656118154526, -0.02318459376692772, -0.032930973917245865, -0.015260784886777401, -0.029005542397499084, -0.07269930839538574, -0.043214794248342514, -0.023074613884091377, -0.07022173702716827, 0.06616923213005066, 0.048695821315050125, -0.03850209340453148, -0.05130830407142639, -0.017254291102290154, -0.013169598765671253, 0.09876064956188202, -0.005731907207518816, -0.015147767029702663, -0.01101480983197689, 0.031241804361343384, -0.0393829420208931, -0.033999525010585785, -0.09951867908239365, 0.0753515437245369, 0.0178489089012146, -0.02935633435845375, -0.036576222628355026, -0.11011327058076859, 0.03940179571509361, 0.0041959634982049465, 0.0487348847091198, 0.038605958223342896, -0.021297825500369072, -0.04595937579870224, 0.034200649708509445, -0.0293074082583189, 0.06350500136613846, 0.04979739338159561, 0.06671683490276337, 0.07513567805290222, -0.037847187370061874, -0.06589526683092117, 0.014653264544904232, 0.03311099857091904, -0.014294304884970188, 0.0033881335984915495, 0.08085953444242477, 0.03131422773003578, -0.09367549419403076, -0.026262452825903893, -0.043681997805833817, 0.024714438244700432, -0.07359708100557327, -0.015245486982166767, -0.07068601995706558, 0.016326164826750755, 0.03508405759930611, -0.010638893581926823, 0.016129108145833015, 0.057979099452495575, -0.08707869052886963, -0.02243216149508953, -0.005367028061300516, -0.0017551276832818985, 0.0144573412835598, -0.018202168866991997, -0.04793122410774231, 0.06411375105381012, -0.036573026329278946, -0.09829549491405487, 0.03937368094921112, 0.025418950244784355, -0.044376254081726074, 0.04181958734989166, 0.053094420582056046, -0.021350672468543053, 0.044553663581609726, -0.023375021293759346, 0.13652536273002625, -0.06900870054960251, -0.011519870720803738, -0.06132504343986511, -0.019215870648622513, 3.376380872732503e-33, 0.036000337451696396, 0.06410694122314453, 0.05149359628558159, 0.04960929602384567, 0.011180181056261063, 0.0052535138092935085, 0.011126716621220112, -0.010763688012957573, 0.012049677781760693, 0.02810114622116089, -0.012154664844274521, 0.01950298622250557, 0.043004535138607025, 0.05266500636935234, -0.050773754715919495, -0.051785849034786224, -0.13631223142147064, 0.061967965215444565, -0.06518033146858215, 0.004583511035889387, 0.05025798827409744, 0.0316765196621418, 0.0009822339052334428, 0.026934264227747917, 0.004366615787148476, -0.0015057437121868134, 0.13192614912986755, -0.04802882298827171, -0.0028738973196595907, 0.033208783715963364, -0.005379623733460903, 0.04963607341051102, -0.053990438580513, -0.01609078235924244, -0.028954114764928818, 0.03398004174232483, -0.01787780411541462, -0.03186637535691261, 0.08834584057331085, -0.06803591549396515, -0.04445837438106537, 0.024373583495616913, 0.09144333750009537, 0.02078399620950222, 0.000841395347379148, 0.022442737594246864, 0.03293228521943092, -0.01966923289000988, 0.007307490333914757, 0.03583342581987381, -0.0631728321313858, -0.05023886263370514, 0.010310615412890911, -0.04001385718584061, -0.03439193591475487, -0.03583366051316261, 0.07739080488681793, 0.10516642034053802, -0.028579505160450935, 0.007575665134936571, 0.08242535591125488, -0.031995564699172974, -0.10077214241027832, -0.0011720912298187613, 0.0016155762132257223, -0.007723398972302675, -0.064493827521801, -0.03936128690838814, 0.08582253009080887, -0.016270088031888008, -0.012526123784482479, 0.06717471033334732, -0.011080848053097725, -0.014955288730561733, -0.010833429172635078, -0.10037418454885483, -0.03443877026438713, -0.020547831431031227, -0.055891796946525574, 0.05557658150792122, -0.015529771335422993, 0.07582583278417587, 0.011086447164416313, 0.03167789429426193, 0.0005503268912434578, 0.004591809585690498, -0.01322238240391016, 0.0035495401825755835, -0.05457531660795212, -0.0012881135335192084, 0.03288241848349571, 0.07873803377151489, 0.15100564062595367, 0.0964733138680458, -0.07162221521139145, -4.0075842375836235e-33, 0.09914299100637436, 0.05583680421113968, -0.07190811634063721, 0.005701843183487654, 0.17233440279960632, 0.011435127817094326, 0.003272815840318799, 0.04545120522379875, 0.005733432248234749, 0.055360063910484314, 0.00514844199642539, -0.03468089550733566, -0.004863322246819735, 0.054072875529527664, -0.06399916112422943, -0.033845171332359314, 0.005826231092214584, -0.0641394853591919, -0.12680280208587646, 0.016721727326512337, 0.011822490952908993, 0.015282763168215752, 0.015187186188995838, 0.015598972328007221, 0.03066983073949814, 0.04828193038702011, -0.001317709917202592, 0.0722135603427887, 0.09751300513744354, -0.05145261064171791, 0.008429433219134808, 0.029827995225787163, -0.03985867649316788, -0.0031559732742607594, -0.011706908233463764, -0.01205998845398426, -0.026206111535429955, -0.017260611057281494, -0.06379950046539307, 0.10631121695041656, 0.08747871965169907, -0.014570120722055435, 0.01567324437201023, 0.015652021393179893, 0.0130785396322608, 0.03471878543496132, -0.03038705512881279, -0.050299182534217834, -0.1294262409210205, 0.02229350619018078, -0.07033169269561768, -0.08853168785572052, -0.11689349263906479, 0.07117801159620285, 0.08179966360330582, -0.006499961018562317, 0.010360289365053177, -0.09324327856302261, -0.11861161887645721, -0.05230466648936272, 0.04114145040512085, -0.0025240578688681126, 0.035387374460697174, -0.03544566035270691, -0.07110102474689484, 0.02140776626765728, 0.057089224457740784, 0.014871930703520775, -0.018354138359427452, 0.03267841786146164, -0.06771744787693024, 0.04131059721112251, -0.05257728695869446, -0.12903620302677155, -0.10232408344745636, 0.010882732458412647, -0.01674477756023407, -0.09933100640773773, -0.04753996059298515, -0.065994031727314, -0.07815049588680267, -0.0914263129234314, -0.0159844271838665, -0.04108762741088867, -0.031114930287003517, 0.02036942169070244, 0.07092538475990295, 0.035003818571567535, -0.010190831497311592, 0.060737453401088715, -0.059882503002882004, -0.0021460754796862602, -0.0130050890147686, 0.06675908714532852, -0.006845437455922365, -4.961236754752463e-8, -0.04724511504173279, -0.03991817310452461, 0.03320750594139099, -0.00565564539283514, 0.03455173969268799, -0.05250456556677818, 0.02365480549633503, 0.007740027736872435, 0.016874827444553375, 0.08297889679670334, 0.029481567442417145, -0.05347314104437828, -0.009671215899288654, -0.00649657566100359, 0.03842237964272499, -0.048594579100608826, 0.025487467646598816, 0.08750036358833313, 0.007666178047657013, -0.0822189599275589, -0.0016098073683679104, -0.03583436831831932, -0.012739247642457485, -0.07147444039583206, -0.028557486832141876, 0.05533837527036667, -0.010705643333494663, 0.0830421894788742, 0.02021661400794983, -0.04406317323446274, 0.045217063277959824, 0.0355529710650444, -0.013471126556396484, -0.07281570881605148, -0.0697098970413208, -0.0019511880818754435, -0.020977195352315903, -0.004198580048978329, 0.041485633701086044, 0.055848129093647, -0.008464127779006958, 0.03902958333492279, 0.010668851435184479, 0.07457437366247177, 0.03834979981184006, -0.05899421125650406, -0.11507789045572281, 0.0314156748354435, 0.011490356177091599, -0.011726206168532372, 0.06316214799880981, 0.002289749914780259, 0.0309450626373291, -0.012903907336294651, 0.0050421832129359245, 0.09461815655231476, 0.019386038184165955, -0.004337367136031389, -0.049085088074207306, 0.03884673863649368, 0.025579003617167473, -0.07716301083564758, -0.012117348611354828, 0.06867416203022003 ]
on mindfulness 14 x16 hrs of mindfulness-based guided practice, follow-up 2-hr webinar intensive weekend retreat on mindfulness Relaxation ( 1 ); 5-8 wk Hybrid (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) PS; mindfulness; leadership-related outcomes Perceived stress Yong (2020); South Korea; CBA ( 71 ) Passive; mixed Middle; healthcare 27; 27 Holy Name Meditation Program based on Easwaran’s 8-point program Five weekly sessions followed by 3 monthly 90 min sessions Relaxation ( 1 ); >12 wk Face-to-face (yes
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.896
0.702
["leadership"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950780
[ 0.06587167084217072, 0.032829903066158295, 0.0476076677441597, 0.010642667300999165, -0.004811055958271027, 0.005341993644833565, 0.012505474500358105, -0.07228091359138489, -0.007836387492716312, -0.055271320044994354, 0.015384162776172161, -0.01891331560909748, -0.03996836394071579, 0.01075191330164671, 0.07780821621417999, -0.05284798890352249, -0.011638290248811245, -0.021544964984059334, -0.04821361228823662, 0.016192860901355743, -0.04257245734333992, -0.009558582678437233, -0.00556206377223134, 0.03786163032054901, -0.05863407999277115, 0.05178610235452652, -0.027437282726168633, -0.03199692443013191, 0.09804318100214005, -0.06792547553777695, 0.0249637383967638, 0.04088020697236061, -0.04633285105228424, 0.018201224505901337, -0.020879186689853668, 0.06153583154082298, -0.05666539818048477, -0.023790651932358742, 0.013540849089622498, -0.00533622782677412, -0.08101160079240799, 0.01753346435725689, 0.002334308112040162, -0.028865234926342964, 0.04425067454576492, -0.029870936647057533, -0.05346027761697769, -0.0317486897110939, 0.004003163427114487, -0.09701830893754959, -0.042631298303604126, -0.04126250371336937, 0.00627182750031352, 0.0570288710296154, -0.040313683450222015, 0.0038574393838644028, 0.008215957321226597, 0.013639683835208416, -0.005824722349643707, 0.12059830129146576, -0.0225718691945076, 0.027194365859031677, -0.03988034650683403, 0.0033039196860045195, -0.03572012111544609, 0.018974948674440384, -0.04059123620390892, 0.06512880325317383, 0.033441826701164246, -0.016473859548568726, -0.026498965919017792, -0.04404846578836441, 0.02607281133532524, 0.026311468333005905, -0.03130422532558441, -0.009775237180292606, -0.0075621455907821655, -0.06353425979614258, 0.01571282371878624, 0.026661034673452377, 0.056966282427310944, 0.07491470873355865, 0.0015864563174545765, 0.027222223579883575, -0.00990747194737196, -0.09593578428030014, -0.013903715647757053, 0.05462833121418953, 0.02274947240948677, 0.04683290049433708, 0.05799635499715805, 0.028895309194922447, -0.0804857611656189, 0.010343718342483044, -0.044433556497097015, 0.06616972386837006, -0.09891725331544876, 0.062426064163446426, -0.09239963442087173, 0.01750298961997032, 0.048039644956588745, 0.0034867585636675358, -0.013753807172179222, -0.03645609691739082, -0.08281686156988144, -0.044412948191165924, 0.08069010078907013, -0.022248780354857445, 0.020122721791267395, -0.0586579404771328, -0.06103488802909851, 0.04237273335456848, -0.0024077335838228464, -0.08452314138412476, 0.005945608019828796, 0.007853462360799313, -0.03702672943472862, 0.03824634850025177, 0.08069350570440292, -0.004588347859680653, 0.10228066146373749, -0.044907860457897186, 0.1627417951822281, -0.05483279749751091, 0.033079035580158234, -0.03546684980392456, 0.0005390745936892927, 6.665200640640192e-33, 0.07407678663730621, -0.009417101740837097, 0.027051115408539772, 0.0167763140052557, 0.058950647711753845, -0.010773956775665283, 0.0075509389862418175, -0.015077468939125538, -0.048816192895174026, -0.012287219054996967, 0.009825816377997398, -0.05728761479258537, 0.004624394234269857, 0.013097831048071384, -0.05445537343621254, -0.03361602872610092, -0.07003206014633179, 0.05480176582932472, -0.05556319281458855, -0.029446016997098923, 0.06465096771717072, -0.011036265641450882, -0.0162376556545496, 0.050433095544576645, -0.0057524400763213634, -0.04283689707517624, 0.09508813172578812, -0.03664424642920494, -0.0001376600266667083, 0.04392553120851517, -0.0799892321228981, 0.031234122812747955, -0.04367149621248245, 0.029287712648510933, -0.010642060078680515, 0.020727334544062614, 0.04196995869278908, -0.002910094102844596, 0.0933256447315216, -0.08145058155059814, 0.03132230043411255, 0.05827692151069641, 0.05530046299099922, 0.03610120341181755, 0.03371117264032364, 0.016981853172183037, -0.008336816914379597, -0.018852557986974716, 0.02938837930560112, 0.01602829061448574, -0.10705330967903137, 0.007588655222207308, -0.005468303337693214, 0.006158783100545406, -0.054186563938856125, -0.01310352049767971, 0.03869233652949333, 0.090133436024189, -0.007793455850332975, -0.013937762007117271, 0.026127003133296967, -0.030204150825738907, -0.12891851365566254, -0.031389012932777405, -0.05364186689257622, 0.012256612069904804, -0.05431155487895012, -0.028346413746476173, 0.021178893744945526, -0.013475372456014156, -0.07621767371892929, 0.02113807015120983, 0.03737198933959007, -0.0020798048935830593, 0.0366126224398613, -0.107506662607193, 0.01818578690290451, 0.05101630836725235, -0.013528764247894287, 0.08386200666427612, -0.010694842785596848, 0.09121321141719818, -0.032881129533052444, 0.05053374543786049, -0.014616006053984165, -0.02979736402630806, -0.013652661815285683, -0.008055278100073338, -0.10630951076745987, -0.019489584490656853, 0.0838632807135582, 0.035339511930942535, 0.13805760443210602, 0.04419969022274017, -0.05824507772922516, -7.162902010042472e-33, 0.01979207806289196, 0.013991138897836208, -0.0010254852240905166, 0.030823642387986183, 0.10628707706928253, 0.02421998605132103, -0.02226017601788044, 0.04990231618285179, 0.006557658314704895, 0.0789027288556099, 0.05493522807955742, -0.03034173510968685, 0.012523502111434937, -0.001844592741690576, -0.038868241012096405, -0.04063830152153969, 0.008529294282197952, -0.009846411645412445, -0.06317362934350967, -0.03721355274319649, 0.04804379120469093, 0.0007684763404540718, 0.049035556614398956, -0.023874707520008087, 0.019647842273116112, -0.0007505710236728191, 0.05398936942219734, 0.06398911029100418, 0.10078433901071548, -0.038350414484739304, 0.05132255330681801, -0.046126168221235275, -0.06830422580242157, 0.06565521657466888, -0.026901589706540108, -0.03460245579481125, 0.0025746002793312073, -0.0038016580510884523, -0.10523603111505508, 0.05446270480751991, 0.07780928164720535, 0.012540948577225208, -0.0031691885087639093, -0.018772780895233154, 0.012288295663893223, 0.04747788608074188, -0.05914965271949768, -0.0770963504910469, -0.07698314636945724, -0.009706960991024971, -0.02488778345286846, -0.030614085495471954, -0.1352948248386383, 0.0001149172312580049, 0.09127380698919296, -0.06311502307653427, -0.030023973435163498, -0.04035397619009018, -0.07697426527738571, -0.017207542434334755, 0.0414891354739666, -0.007308292202651501, 0.00953733455389738, 0.02125086449086666, -0.03311678394675255, 0.03902018442749977, 0.035530902445316315, 0.013065156526863575, -0.04729433357715607, 0.08566281944513321, -0.11654002219438553, -0.015689296647906303, -0.0418880470097065, -0.05071519687771797, -0.028787074610590935, 0.04862607643008232, 0.017242824658751488, -0.0868350937962532, -0.05538012459874153, -0.08194123953580856, -0.04323234781622887, -0.07278408855199814, -0.03405675292015076, -0.08397235721349716, -0.0022594649344682693, 0.020284077152609825, 0.03700366988778114, 0.05192510783672333, -0.012684247456490993, 0.11108468472957611, -0.06126553937792778, -0.02508491836488247, 0.008472459390759468, 0.00501567916944623, 0.0007707265322096646, -4.9959979264713184e-8, -0.058187492191791534, -0.05796472355723381, 0.02040303312242031, 0.031351298093795776, 0.043134432286024094, -0.02828565053641796, 0.03188690170645714, -0.024348381906747818, -0.038625068962574005, 0.08753195405006409, 0.07249362766742706, -0.056760262697935104, 0.019586965441703796, 0.0421256385743618, -0.007475429680198431, -0.09293695539236069, 0.1107599288225174, 0.07591354101896286, 0.044182077050209045, -0.06422500312328339, 0.05597851797938347, -0.06656001508235931, 0.03099372237920761, -0.029449114575982094, 0.0015784390270709991, 0.0503695122897625, -0.022805774584412575, 0.15903536975383759, -0.030779177322983742, -0.10183225572109222, 0.03222457319498062, 0.04162829741835594, -0.008842614479362965, -0.0030368524603545666, -0.06372244656085968, -0.00701088597998023, -0.10203331708908081, -0.003981667570769787, 0.02093987911939621, 0.07197645306587219, -0.006925671361386776, -0.0036720598582178354, 0.03775455057621002, 0.09155510365962982, 0.007437164895236492, -0.05576557293534279, -0.023107383400201797, 0.01413433626294136, 0.030644170939922333, -0.03361225500702858, 0.07384273409843445, 0.007562024053186178, 0.03884575143456459, -0.010238897986710072, 0.061598654836416245, 0.1084650456905365, 0.05007142573595047, 0.008176738396286964, -0.018103646114468575, -0.046536996960639954, 0.09056656807661057, -0.1005173996090889, -0.16427497565746307, 0.04211312532424927 ]
essions Relaxation ( 1 ); >12 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) Mental health; work-related outcome; leadership-related outcome Subsyndromal symptoms Zolnierczyk-Zreda (2016); Poland; RCT ( 72 ) Waitlist; medium-term Middle; finance and service 72; 72 Mindfulness‐based stress reduction training 8 weekly 180 min group sessions, one 7-hr group session (the ‘Mindfulness Day’), individual follow-up session, daily homework exercises Multimodal ( 2 ); 9-12 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.895
0.688
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950803
[ 0.028660979121923447, 0.07109901309013367, 0.004638570360839367, 0.04588237404823303, 0.02724083699285984, -0.006213666405528784, 0.019058791920542717, -0.03048022836446762, 0.0008079418330453336, -0.06434949487447739, 0.0037557194009423256, 0.0031870673410594463, -0.04417655989527702, 0.018917659297585487, 0.08442983031272888, -0.07434829324483871, -0.04292108491063118, 0.04340687021613121, -0.06316879391670227, 0.006606514565646648, -0.016364963725209236, -0.013353677466511726, 0.023176930844783783, 0.04521118849515915, -0.020440010353922844, 0.04401388019323349, -0.028917213901877403, -0.03035821206867695, 0.11769328266382217, -0.021322330459952354, 0.012332161888480186, 0.05574755370616913, -0.012842386960983276, 0.026894593611359596, -0.017647409811615944, 0.09748483449220657, -0.0015646048123016953, -0.003678359091281891, 0.006020162720233202, -0.014906791970133781, -0.1144455224275589, -0.003628248581662774, -0.01993265561759472, -0.0306471586227417, 0.0008453837945125997, -0.04351671785116196, -0.041193366050720215, -0.04563244432210922, -0.0663272961974144, -0.10069110989570618, -0.012886816635727882, -0.08933430165052414, -0.027225108817219734, 0.04304316267371178, -0.019660430029034615, 0.01682095043361187, -0.02750137448310852, 0.03944532945752144, -0.025523599237203598, 0.11557121574878693, -0.004374309442937374, -0.05358362942934036, -0.0294826477766037, 0.02505350112915039, -0.018807990476489067, 0.025674503296613693, -0.01288993377238512, 0.04842859134078026, 0.03652128949761391, 0.0008081066771410406, -0.007979186251759529, -0.09097964316606522, 0.004100556951016188, -0.02815697155892849, -0.003802824765443802, 0.0025191970635205507, 0.03714480996131897, -0.059373751282691956, 0.04122040420770645, 0.04521278291940689, 0.022367184981703758, 0.07703369110822678, -0.0024728626012802124, 0.014146820642054081, 0.004190201871097088, -0.06588411331176758, 0.005874549504369497, 0.03585729002952576, -0.01341705210506916, 0.05543934181332588, 0.04953237622976303, 0.039857134222984314, -0.09202145785093307, -0.001719907158985734, -0.047056812793016434, 0.03287697583436966, -0.06619532406330109, 0.057377785444259644, -0.09115007519721985, 0.05792997032403946, 0.034434687346220016, -0.00895876158028841, 0.008908490650355816, 0.026056090369820595, -0.06702715903520584, -0.0447893850505352, 0.057376280426979065, -0.05006219819188118, -0.05341294780373573, -0.11247023195028305, -0.09534686803817749, 0.026482723653316498, 0.006815755739808083, -0.06013655290007591, -0.005195380188524723, -0.008356302045285702, -0.02788602001965046, 0.050295744091272354, 0.060753561556339264, 0.015869010239839554, 0.07974828034639359, -0.027266349643468857, 0.14316242933273315, -0.045388318598270416, 0.035342004150152206, -0.015509594231843948, 0.003737670136615634, 6.542967595253906e-33, 0.08625724911689758, -0.0034872472751885653, -0.008078867569565773, 0.06998343020677567, 0.06057460606098175, 0.054776888340711594, 0.009204371832311153, 0.006655437406152487, -0.019104264676570892, -0.0077990260906517506, -0.004517733119428158, -0.017811322584748268, 0.050455283373594284, 0.04579547792673111, -0.07554526627063751, -0.030543183907866478, -0.10047288984060287, 0.05819910392165184, -0.05461215227842331, -0.012640781700611115, 0.051414720714092255, -0.01818300597369671, 0.004318755120038986, 0.07571350038051605, -0.05683670938014984, 0.013081884011626244, 0.08301141858100891, -0.058624353259801865, 0.004423714708536863, 0.0342429056763649, -0.06877060234546661, 0.04374958947300911, -0.04198309779167175, -0.006183503195643425, -0.026051359251141548, 0.0988311916589737, 0.011086038313806057, -0.03169303014874458, 0.08732309192419052, -0.0835038274526596, 0.006678488105535507, 0.03987325727939606, 0.021619871258735657, -0.0002547934418544173, 0.03451858460903168, 0.022493578493595123, -0.026194076985120773, -0.019889282062649727, 0.020707624033093452, -0.006428851746022701, -0.11296100169420242, 0.036178987473249435, 0.008252044208347797, -0.05256195366382599, -0.057583749294281006, 0.0022598716896027327, 0.06370698660612106, 0.11181358247995377, -0.014053722843527794, -0.00844462402164936, 0.030698632821440697, -0.022967150434851646, -0.1253536492586136, 0.0008954781224019825, 0.010879013687372208, 0.0287143774330616, -0.11467581242322922, -0.04233667254447937, 0.021904950961470604, -0.04236492142081261, -0.05661645159125328, 0.03922397270798683, 0.050444185733795166, 0.031000709161162376, 0.043995022773742676, -0.07616332173347473, 0.007924292236566544, 0.018163787201046944, -0.07102834433317184, 0.017151281237602234, -0.005985010880976915, 0.08379850536584854, -0.043835319578647614, -0.0011370494030416012, 0.007391959894448519, -0.025022920221090317, -0.022253433242440224, -0.05037887766957283, -0.03645308315753937, 0.06622591614723206, -0.0008552221697755158, 0.028700174763798714, 0.12537147104740143, 0.03196538984775543, -0.0890154093503952, -6.60528569357878e-33, 0.037786152213811874, 0.03320009261369705, -0.07203838229179382, 0.008388858288526535, 0.12092569470405579, 0.07911139726638794, 0.045034829527139664, 0.027060408145189285, 0.0062269242480397224, 0.07495460659265518, 0.08372337371110916, -0.06584694981575012, -0.03856460377573967, 0.02042839676141739, -0.03981896489858627, -0.02324780449271202, 0.020840581506490707, 0.0030483307782560587, -0.0477595329284668, -0.0180759746581316, -0.022112447768449783, 0.021304570138454437, 0.0412808321416378, 0.03840627521276474, 0.017833208665251732, 0.0030880230478942394, -0.004420988727360964, -0.0010493408190086484, 0.04995635896921158, -0.0071053290739655495, 0.05775194615125656, -0.03344075754284859, -0.03551663085818291, 0.03620648756623268, -0.001959641231223941, -0.012782353907823563, -0.014520158059895039, -0.020114323124289513, -0.10547690093517303, 0.08543526381254196, 0.025521930307149887, 0.014354606159031391, -0.00554879242554307, 0.02341354824602604, 0.05289287120103836, 0.026996487751603127, -0.07803972065448761, -0.10547630488872528, -0.1164904311299324, 0.005659535527229309, 0.00931780319660902, -0.005443152040243149, -0.1189793050289154, -0.005624412093311548, 0.1005270704627037, -0.06636564433574677, -0.02192099019885063, -0.12329220026731491, -0.13735376298427582, -0.014621365815401077, 0.008637947030365467, 0.00890278909355402, -0.01711825653910637, -0.01971510238945484, 0.020892517641186714, 0.02431289106607437, -0.010502834804356098, 0.02154632844030857, 0.013423499651253223, 0.07842189073562622, -0.06314379721879959, -0.02271890453994274, -0.027512257918715477, -0.06947498768568039, -0.00882010255008936, 0.00022855057613924146, -0.008841040544211864, -0.07975652813911438, -0.07336843013763428, -0.09498411417007446, -0.07327350229024887, -0.0756664052605629, 0.015557939186692238, -0.058919843286275864, -0.01632073149085045, 0.023293819278478622, 0.04604257270693779, 0.08855906128883362, -0.0026654365938156843, 0.07346893101930618, -0.089314304292202, -0.020107295364141464, 0.012144401669502258, 0.05650107190012932, 0.0732942745089531, -5.257787094592459e-8, -0.0436941497027874, -0.09306786209344864, 0.02737923339009285, -0.01550599467009306, 0.004959790036082268, -0.04573000967502594, 0.027650894597172737, -0.011784820817410946, -0.0613078735768795, 0.06489003449678421, 0.0524815134704113, -0.07115990668535233, 0.0038412618450820446, 0.029265793040394783, 0.008169915527105331, -0.028928816318511963, 0.045725177973508835, 0.07361749559640884, 0.007744532078504562, -0.08646240085363388, 0.05500303953886032, -0.046429574489593506, -0.000692836765665561, -0.04560915008187294, -0.0036057184915989637, 0.04468163102865219, -0.0001671336794970557, 0.16012661159038544, -0.053898394107818604, -0.10364425927400589, 0.04495978355407715, 0.04804461449384689, 0.011426053941249847, -0.0031969721894711256, -0.04825073853135109, -0.008415987715125084, -0.008304189890623093, 0.009386497549712658, 0.0297490656375885, 0.1145981177687645, -0.008102543652057648, 0.030143460258841515, 0.06084376946091652, 0.09480247646570206, 0.016876276582479477, -0.04989837110042572, -0.06159520894289017, 0.005223533138632774, 0.02787231281399727, -0.054563235491514206, 0.0444975383579731, 0.053322773426771164, 0.011602993123233318, 0.02555842325091362, 0.003823681501671672, 0.1007203534245491, 0.009731241501867771, 0.038979243487119675, -0.053473446518182755, -0.051409024745225906, 0.07268249243497849, -0.03521021455526352, -0.09825597703456879, -0.00552742462605238 ]
timodal ( 2 ); 9-12 wk Face-to-face (yes); mixed (group sessions, self-practice) PS; mental health; work-related outcome Job stress; subsyndromal symptoms Open in a new tab Among the 25 identified studies, 15 were RCT ( 22 , 37 , 53 , 54 , 57 – 60 , 62 – 65 , 67 , 68 , 72 ) and 10 CBA ( 20 , 21 , 52 , 55 , 56 , 61 , 66 , 69 – 71 ). Publications spanned >40 years of research: 12 studies were published in 2020–2023 ( 20 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 61 , 63 – 67 , 69 , 71 ), 10 in 2014 –2019 ( 21 , 22 , 37 , 54 , 56 , 59
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.702
["career"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950824
[ -0.06939448416233063, 0.028800111263990402, 0.0022212115582078695, 0.10862787812948227, -0.0025692933704704046, 0.06013554334640503, -0.009259570389986038, 0.1258566677570343, 0.03198215737938881, -0.04734114557504654, -0.056246109306812286, -0.016066454350948334, -0.031034136191010475, 0.010928354226052761, 0.030242688953876495, 0.013739770278334618, -0.008232547901570797, -0.059167683124542236, 0.0034382115118205547, -0.007668151054531336, -0.012342488393187523, -0.006744295824319124, 0.024854805320501328, 0.020919423550367355, -0.00794211309403181, 0.06343971937894821, -0.05411301553249359, -0.018673362210392952, 0.03501098230481148, 0.06794256716966629, -0.058579061180353165, 0.0622006356716156, -0.017426036298274994, 0.018395481631159782, 0.05971745401620865, 0.05532439425587654, -0.03843265771865845, 0.06411552429199219, 0.00014897897199261934, 0.0199570395052433, -0.030174894258379936, -0.04148963466286659, 0.01759195141494274, -0.042319394648075104, -0.03224026411771774, -0.10922796279191971, -0.021575018763542175, -0.0037978081963956356, -0.048852186650037766, 0.01965906098484993, -0.008692174218595028, -0.012680897489190102, 0.10322172939777374, 0.0301531795412302, 0.03977763280272484, 0.010972291231155396, 0.004597654100507498, -0.041201576590538025, 0.004306711722165346, 0.13979467749595642, 0.0026052880566567183, -0.023587195202708244, -0.05737299844622612, 0.00027603580383583903, 0.0626138299703598, 0.07260444015264511, -0.07909555733203888, -0.032523930072784424, 0.024874094873666763, -0.004065324552357197, -0.04209516569972038, -0.11348267644643784, -0.03856073319911957, 0.011905767023563385, 0.07236603647470474, 0.016935065388679504, -0.00040351980715058744, -0.06070306524634361, -0.017260702326893806, -0.005500457249581814, 0.015390426851809025, 0.10881923884153366, 0.019641075283288956, -0.003585289465263486, 0.020227700471878052, -0.06331343203783035, 0.09723051637411118, 0.04866127669811249, -0.04570716246962547, 0.045019347220659256, 0.07052876055240631, -0.02240760438144207, -0.04917987436056137, -0.020010827109217644, -0.01168337557464838, -0.0752604678273201, -0.03143937885761261, 0.06268145889043808, -0.10082676261663437, 0.0028533271979540586, 0.010852199047803879, -0.0014343827497214079, -0.026695962995290756, 0.05512906238436699, -0.061871834099292755, -0.03802933543920517, 0.013391192071139812, -0.0971650630235672, -0.030690280720591545, -0.038698580116033554, -0.04949482902884483, 0.03659689053893089, -0.012670266442000866, -0.052376363426446915, 0.0005110630299896002, -0.0044457265175879, -0.139449805021286, 0.09554120153188705, 0.05303626134991646, 0.08437559753656387, 0.018847990781068802, -0.010913674719631672, -0.003414845559746027, -0.016885852441191673, 0.02708488330245018, -0.04571237042546272, -0.051659297198057175, -1.955799806854607e-33, 0.12047404795885086, 0.03391289338469505, 0.0021651689894497395, 0.06548111885786057, 0.0558784194290638, 0.024514760822057724, -0.04395044222474098, -0.015848886221647263, 0.1026618629693985, 0.010909417644143105, 0.025165537372231483, 0.01786218211054802, -0.005495915655046701, 0.014629922807216644, -0.11158325523138046, 0.03797146677970886, -0.08467932045459747, 0.0547611266374588, -0.05147339031100273, 0.03136329725384712, -0.037450700998306274, 0.022866331040859222, -0.015545006841421127, 0.03308100998401642, -0.035985615104436874, 0.015176037326455116, -0.003033428220078349, -0.0017589775379747152, -0.031646233052015305, 0.03477373719215393, -0.0820847898721695, 0.05992800369858742, 0.004654810763895512, -0.03519785404205322, -0.059469785541296005, 0.047444652765989304, 0.007877125404775143, -0.04149843007326126, 0.019450824707746506, -0.014723650179803371, -0.01958365924656391, 0.021234627813100815, -0.005214974284172058, 0.0154719902202487, 0.06557231396436691, -0.051913872361183167, -0.07457009702920914, -0.0777619257569313, -0.033238232135772705, 0.0462350994348526, -0.06809139251708984, 0.10590405017137527, 0.030042381957173347, -0.0380072146654129, -0.04018721356987953, 0.02323971502482891, 0.03766757622361183, -0.041578229516744614, 0.019106946885585785, 0.05401300638914108, 0.04277009144425392, -0.004546550568193197, -0.07827505469322205, -0.06487180292606354, 0.0506756566464901, -0.01152330543845892, -0.06029113382101059, -0.039950598031282425, 0.00433854665607214, 0.000015135537068999838, 0.009288703091442585, 0.05584815889596939, 0.03351163491606712, 0.06991717219352722, 0.0212651789188385, 0.007512789685279131, 0.04054538533091545, 0.05145229026675224, -0.09898147732019424, -0.040936000645160675, -0.03418039530515671, -0.02913769893348217, -0.013038383796811104, -0.07270412147045135, 0.08376330882310867, 0.003627852536737919, -0.01717570424079895, -0.08040986210107803, -0.029805082827806473, 0.06858066469430923, 0.036872051656246185, -0.0020864096004515886, 0.06776702404022217, 0.10188280791044235, -0.11380911618471146, 3.5727219951936707e-34, -0.013101120479404926, 0.026699097827076912, -0.08280795067548752, -0.05036725476384163, 0.01938573829829693, 0.01601061224937439, 0.06871243566274643, 0.02715274877846241, -0.012827286496758461, 0.09931419044733047, 0.1305374950170517, -0.02840004675090313, -0.06447291374206543, 0.0020355021115392447, -0.007176593877375126, -0.002595199504867196, 0.004091146867722273, 0.03834623098373413, -0.06660216301679611, -0.0024265877436846495, 0.050859130918979645, 0.006272570230066776, 0.03914393112063408, 0.08248481154441833, 0.019729385152459145, 0.03837134316563606, -0.015031800605356693, -0.09944427013397217, -0.0352950245141983, 0.004239819012582302, 0.016592111438512802, 0.08698686212301254, 0.0019653895869851112, 0.011048863641917706, 0.02375837415456772, -0.04188503697514534, -0.04473283141851425, -0.05653207376599312, -0.019415564835071564, 0.03781678155064583, 0.028055792674422264, 0.08101319521665573, 0.02033381164073944, 0.006847080308943987, 0.0007716683903709054, 0.009152352809906006, 0.01586015708744526, -0.12387888133525848, -0.0023084599524736404, 0.03085087053477764, 0.016856634989380836, 0.0071370359510183334, -0.023689547553658485, -0.0038889881689101458, 0.01673155650496483, -0.08766251802444458, -0.04334990680217743, -0.08250343054533005, -0.11100441217422485, 0.02263845130801201, 0.06637789309024811, 0.06037304922938347, -0.035737715661525726, -0.05144643411040306, 0.07778505980968475, -0.019982382655143738, -0.05004238337278366, -0.024370048195123672, 0.04039955511689186, 0.08689655363559723, -0.06286916136741638, -0.043045852333307266, 0.014037908054888248, -0.06851441413164139, -0.014572910964488983, 0.011510241776704788, 0.03708041459321976, -0.02253979630768299, -0.07123357802629471, -0.04809056222438812, -0.10227080434560776, -0.058744702488183975, 0.022896217182278633, -0.004013063386082649, -0.07745776325464249, 0.045710932463407516, 0.045106079429388046, 0.07208187878131866, 0.015224529430270195, 0.08825428038835526, -0.09803498536348343, 0.0676930621266365, -0.06208470091223717, 0.012630210258066654, 0.07396744191646576, -5.899540767018152e-8, 0.00028908243984915316, -0.08969409763813019, 0.0004691935027949512, -0.06230921670794487, 0.002817444736137986, -0.055983737111091614, -0.055236998945474625, -0.020267121493816376, -0.026660870760679245, 0.04894936829805374, -0.022343363612890244, 0.008029378019273281, -0.051089152693748474, -0.002693277783691883, -0.010155927389860153, -0.04047828167676926, 0.07716765254735947, 0.05892099812626839, 0.02624778263270855, -0.08000025153160095, 0.045403216034173965, 0.015241749584674835, 0.05716753005981445, 0.0034769861958920956, -0.036588843911886215, 0.05317537114024162, 0.02607177570462227, 0.14282989501953125, -0.0880705863237381, -0.01531630102545023, 0.06422398239374161, 0.06663686782121658, -0.031929682940244675, -0.03368058055639267, 0.006915309000760317, -0.02415981888771057, 0.09338048845529556, -0.009920461103320122, 0.00907269585877657, 0.09683969616889954, -0.006790233310312033, 0.003453371813520789, -0.006651984062045813, 0.08809274435043335, -0.0022737509571015835, -0.10403481125831604, -0.031799640506505966, 0.03508038818836212, -0.02373332716524601, -0.09295879304409027, 0.0317603163421154, 0.006211058236658573, -0.0038702902384102345, 0.03282805159687996, -0.029450232163071632, 0.0857992023229599, 0.016888367012143135, 0.07665064930915833, -0.03674076497554779, -0.07341112196445465, 0.050299566239118576, -0.05631908029317856, 0.02316119335591793, -0.012559113092720509 ]
na ( 61 ), Nigeria ( 58 ) and South Korea ( 71 ). In total, 2466 supervisors participated in the included studies, with 1120 assigned to the intervention arm. Sample size ranged from 9–269 participants, with an average of 45 supervisors participating in the intervention groups and 41 supervisors in the control groups. The mean age of participants, which was reported in 17 studies, was 43.2 years. Based on 24 studies providing data on gender there was a nearly equal distribution between female (49,8%) and ma
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.874
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950841
[ 0.07119748741388321, 0.018022214993834496, 0.04034947603940964, 0.07207079976797104, -0.005697112064808607, 0.048728130757808685, -0.060077909380197525, 0.02771216444671154, -0.09349051117897034, 0.060338739305734634, 0.032489702105522156, -0.04002341255545616, -0.0002804124669637531, -0.006029359996318817, 0.0006293124170042574, 0.006783411838114262, 0.071253702044487, -0.030214937403798103, 0.02262536622583866, -0.02702469564974308, -0.025121647864580154, -0.036998577415943146, 0.09726601094007492, -0.020877894014120102, -0.10353247821331024, -0.014893732964992523, -0.05747764930129051, -0.10677238553762436, 0.028295354917645454, 0.04078804701566696, -0.0251493901014328, -0.006118142046034336, 0.03044235147535801, 0.0015188814140856266, -0.02108336240053177, 0.005679324269294739, 0.008874206803739071, 0.10322187840938568, -0.03198280557990074, 0.03978067263960838, 0.046862442046403885, 0.007869595661759377, 0.09133860468864441, -0.13501518964767456, 0.019191158935427666, -0.0033797970972955227, -0.04301655292510986, 0.007199610583484173, -0.07739420235157013, -0.014849379658699036, -0.011191239580512047, -0.043284688144922256, 0.0003196188190486282, 0.02855185978114605, 0.017774539068341255, -0.08960527926683426, -0.004915284458547831, -0.04558195546269417, 0.06584780663251877, 0.06849918514490128, 0.0018515848787501454, 0.02943626046180725, -0.03990870341658592, -0.016449280083179474, -0.012674177996814251, -0.010022624395787716, 0.006234251894056797, -0.011962993070483208, 0.04767104983329773, -0.012501193210482597, 0.023508107289671898, -0.054427552968263626, -0.053594306111335754, 0.07036925107240677, -0.03483131155371666, -0.004098920151591301, -0.012380735948681831, -0.010282122530043125, 0.053404904901981354, -0.039289943873882294, -0.005083950236439705, -0.007847912609577179, 0.029464133083820343, 0.04056268185377121, -0.010388208553195, -0.07819633185863495, 0.04916447773575783, 0.008260838687419891, 0.03568558394908905, 0.09863664954900742, 0.049720317125320435, 0.08590242266654968, -0.04759619012475014, -0.035442378371953964, -0.08368093520402908, -0.05579338222742081, -0.07839102298021317, 0.02885419875383377, -0.04375637695193291, 0.02325175330042839, 0.06184389814734459, 0.014536296017467976, 0.02280016988515854, 0.009313815273344517, -0.07720321416854858, 0.012211674824357033, -0.005467772018164396, -0.12666288018226624, -0.023220641538500786, 0.12128616869449615, -0.03617639094591141, 0.05712958797812462, -0.08707565814256668, -0.016061225906014442, 0.02551630511879921, -0.0681227445602417, -0.0715465173125267, -0.016019705682992935, -0.023884477093815804, 0.05410951375961304, 0.08848242461681366, -0.06160028278827667, 0.09461160004138947, -0.03616544231772423, 0.006736233364790678, 0.03725915029644966, -0.06681425869464874, -1.7254183424567933e-33, -0.01606190949678421, -0.07760659605264664, 0.022212008014321327, 0.04701628535985947, 0.0007229192415252328, 0.08589134365320206, 0.019722137600183487, 0.017832046374678612, 0.03798963874578476, -0.04421408474445343, -0.025991134345531464, 0.007021944969892502, 0.02873738296329975, -0.01202589925378561, -0.0442439503967762, 0.012209197506308556, 0.025785226374864578, 0.06416913121938705, -0.11936833709478378, 0.06445135176181793, -0.009967956691980362, 0.01931082457304001, -0.07689329981803894, 0.052084021270275116, 0.0411897674202919, -0.016004757955670357, -0.03514416888356209, 0.06002652272582054, 0.050106797367334366, 0.03237766772508621, 0.020341714844107628, -0.054370131343603134, -0.06336331367492676, -0.054278306663036346, -0.051826249808073044, -0.06257839500904083, 0.05207032337784767, -0.05155506730079651, -0.019698848947882652, -0.0700845718383789, -0.0643119215965271, -0.023455433547496796, 0.09051533043384552, -0.03612887114286423, -0.02868577279150486, -0.038668617606163025, 0.03801591694355011, -0.070644311606884, -0.008583507500588894, 0.05873752385377884, -0.11679061502218246, -0.02026425674557686, 0.0069807590916752815, -0.0216511283069849, 0.02221226505935192, 0.016596408560872078, -0.016443271189928055, 0.05084959790110588, 0.007690462749451399, 0.009890920482575893, 0.021752584725618362, -0.00904615968465805, -0.036327704787254333, 0.051804348826408386, 0.07857277244329453, 0.0037317865062505007, 0.012454566545784473, -0.06342838704586029, 0.07735276967287064, 0.0008012363687157631, -0.08629873394966125, 0.01879761926829815, -0.009457298554480076, 0.06501399725675583, -0.09275530278682709, -0.08467888832092285, 0.04999450966715813, 0.021309422329068184, 0.026330234482884407, 0.017019569873809814, 0.026749281212687492, -0.025567876175045967, -0.0174215417355299, -0.018738647922873497, 0.036195892840623856, -0.024411998689174652, -0.05273725837469101, -0.006353455595672131, 0.028516270220279694, 0.03314519673585892, 0.04611613228917122, -0.03348343074321747, 0.020441925153136253, 0.10878729075193405, -0.028920909389853477, -2.1192379699990456e-33, 0.06492271274328232, 0.011428523808717728, 0.029126301407814026, -0.06820634752511978, 0.13093721866607666, 0.003216668963432312, 0.08145065605640411, -0.019469523802399635, 0.04658655449748039, -0.037934135645627975, 0.05005931854248047, -0.08984707295894623, 0.08252748847007751, 0.014074161648750305, 0.002165307756513357, -0.02238628827035427, 0.02135886438190937, 0.004213140346109867, -0.019071178510785103, -0.10585027933120728, 0.02708219364285469, -0.00881790928542614, 0.18343864381313324, 0.05077700689435005, -0.04465246945619583, -0.02703075483441353, 0.009088978171348572, -0.048986684530973434, -0.04177882522344589, 0.06115017086267471, -0.008451798930764198, -0.045422665774822235, -0.04786132648587227, 0.15009386837482452, -0.03387145698070526, -0.09081369638442993, 0.014468906447291374, 0.006296434905380011, -0.02756042405962944, 0.017122404649853706, 0.04046085104346275, 0.07736486941576004, 0.0018043583258986473, 0.024811698123812675, -0.0004563033289741725, 0.021625252440571785, 0.0221108291298151, -0.031101258471608162, -0.013130603358149529, -0.11178446561098099, -0.11654971539974213, 0.0005054727662354708, -0.02697600983083248, -0.07168873399496078, -0.012421690858900547, -0.09624643623828888, 0.14302614331245422, -0.06153753027319908, -0.03982431814074516, 0.03951063007116318, 0.02070549502968788, -0.01295529305934906, -0.03575479984283447, -0.005279711447656155, -0.009802917018532753, 0.023338399827480316, 0.025584135204553604, -0.00847326684743166, -0.01698327623307705, 0.006155463866889477, 0.019715391099452972, -0.018332388252019882, -0.03030439466238022, -0.021697575226426125, -0.0183673407882452, -0.04316680133342743, -0.018538082018494606, -0.05442989617586136, -0.026668410748243332, -0.09411589801311493, -0.03844640403985977, -0.021476197987794876, 0.04861964285373688, -0.05684362351894379, -0.05859726667404175, 0.07195914536714554, -0.003009404754266143, 0.008772333152592182, 0.009667101316154003, 0.04949678108096123, -0.06699930131435394, -0.0764298141002655, -0.038588639348745346, 0.01285510789602995, -0.020481498911976814, -4.740332926189694e-8, 0.0471683144569397, 0.04806194826960564, 0.0501009002327919, 0.006525722332298756, 0.03961637243628502, 0.07523559033870697, -0.12105996906757355, -0.0674440860748291, -0.005951752886176109, 0.03242314234375954, 0.07513591647148132, 0.005388602614402771, -0.0004662390274461359, -0.011084602214396, 0.07965271919965744, -0.12776078283786774, 0.03435808792710304, 0.0973183661699295, -0.0009815742960199714, 0.016760965809226036, 0.11255652457475662, -0.005592583678662777, -0.05151337385177612, -0.016786785796284676, -0.00381961720995605, 0.0379733182489872, -0.053109314292669296, 0.12381797283887863, -0.12432108074426651, 0.026012688875198364, 0.043628644198179245, -0.023070717230439186, 0.012871147133409977, 0.0019774739630520344, 0.015005162917077541, -0.01674450747668743, -0.01075151190161705, -0.06614156067371368, -0.0221262089908123, -0.026175105944275856, -0.017074383795261383, -0.014260671101510525, 0.02269437164068222, 0.008460108190774918, -0.018527153879404068, 0.02242893911898136, -0.006628100294619799, 0.011873862706124783, 0.0035215001553297043, -0.00918347667902708, 0.025859659537672997, 0.002333001932129264, -0.025675596669316292, 0.005705852061510086, 0.07585889101028442, -0.003545642364770174, 0.06625378876924515, -0.06524015218019485, -0.06263236701488495, -0.0037894912529736757, 0.10759935528039932, 0.010078713297843933, -0.010109424591064453, 0.0015192740829661489 ]
y equal distribution between female (49,8%) and male (50,2%) participants. Supervisors represented diverse management levels and worked in various occupational settings, including finance, healthcare, science, service, production, public administration or school. Overall, the identified occupational stress management interventions targeting supervisors could be categorized into different types. The majority (k=10) were multimodal interventions ( 20 , 21 , 53 , 56 , 57 , 62 , 64 , 66 , 67 , 69 , 72 ), combin
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.852
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950863
[ 0.08972831070423126, -0.0505065843462944, 0.033177442848682404, 0.042142871767282486, 0.03819538280367851, 0.010600418783724308, 0.03803839907050133, -0.024116933345794678, -0.10056005418300629, -0.03421774134039879, 0.03434241563081741, -0.05337224155664444, -0.05285145714879036, 0.08972512930631638, 0.03803852200508118, 0.06665860116481781, 0.04803010821342468, 0.05010749027132988, -0.001984258182346821, -0.0014652289682999253, 0.030786922201514244, -0.017970141023397446, -0.01793324202299118, -0.0006993262795731425, -0.10976668447256088, 0.017031624913215637, -0.045004766434431076, -0.04160643368959427, 0.007252367679029703, 0.047541528940200806, -0.03533858433365822, -0.0023560712579637766, 0.00010178300726693124, 0.023609986528754234, -0.024686751887202263, -0.04098480939865112, 0.027977844700217247, 0.05518738925457001, 0.011597572825849056, 0.06197685748338699, -0.06604743748903275, 0.01613597571849823, 0.02965150959789753, -0.06884577125310898, -0.030849691480398178, 0.001762381405569613, -0.03948068991303444, 0.02614375203847885, -0.0677851215004921, -0.03853420540690422, -0.0008619522559456527, -0.03096151538193226, 0.040341898798942566, 0.01870122179389, 0.06890440732240677, -0.08965706080198288, 0.08093193173408508, -0.0280006043612957, -0.010144106112420559, 0.0953139141201973, -0.05578495189547539, -0.024818168953061104, -0.039017416536808014, 0.002632847987115383, 0.035655587911605835, -0.04016643762588501, -0.06072423234581947, -0.005161629989743233, 0.0075299739837646484, -0.029219741001725197, 0.04054701700806618, -0.09437203407287598, -0.04399466887116432, 0.00554635189473629, 0.012011785991489887, 0.04723573848605156, -0.026221487671136856, -0.0023381714709103107, 0.0681457594037056, -0.007206836249679327, 0.007395338267087936, -0.020202994346618652, 0.09032803028821945, 0.05816978961229324, -0.007146182935684919, -0.05816928297281265, -0.005640693474560976, 0.01048328261822462, 0.0177378598600626, 0.1352917104959488, 0.01758722774684429, 0.0005341960350051522, -0.023594141006469727, -0.038697246462106705, -0.05536647513508797, 0.008071588352322578, -0.077055923640728, 0.06648580729961395, -0.03699107840657234, -0.024171773344278336, 0.02140595205128193, -0.02918391115963459, -0.0064537920989096165, 0.027786314487457275, -0.07196838408708572, -0.02742050029337406, -0.014625446870923042, -0.13497337698936462, -0.012257326394319534, 0.018726445734500885, -0.049084924161434174, 0.059756871312856674, -0.04864388704299927, -0.04009513184428215, -0.035366952419281006, -0.04849306493997574, -0.027550125494599342, 0.04673820361495018, -0.010553974658250809, 0.04570610821247101, 0.0906217098236084, 0.02020638808608055, 0.0375683419406414, -0.004878085106611252, -0.020060129463672638, 0.0009423763840459287, -0.04653757065534592, -1.752740137247765e-33, 0.07035756856203079, -0.02668103575706482, -0.02128022164106369, 0.06433206051588058, 0.06621649116277695, 0.0177067369222641, -0.0035456388723105192, 0.027822015807032585, 0.06369633972644806, -0.05527312681078911, -0.016671285033226013, 0.05454982817173004, -0.008883984759449959, 0.021990597248077393, -0.04855455830693245, -0.05150127038359642, 0.01831510104238987, 0.11557566374540329, -0.07502882182598114, 0.04855498671531677, -0.037276897579431534, 0.007141761016100645, -0.0960259661078453, 0.09360329061746597, -0.04075605049729347, 0.023308798670768738, -0.005469202063977718, 0.010996418073773384, 0.05444226786494255, 0.0288840364664793, -0.020738206803798676, 0.007785288151353598, -0.013274723663926125, -0.031848471611738205, 0.011928997002542019, -0.014489749446511269, 0.03571149706840515, -0.026259271427989006, -0.0012999284081161022, -0.08177128434181213, -0.09685393422842026, -0.04618222266435623, 0.09730052947998047, -0.02911151759326458, -0.012021184898912907, -0.041030846536159515, 0.02259753830730915, -0.026586223393678665, -0.033854398876428604, 0.09653367847204208, -0.0815717801451683, -0.010182853788137436, 0.06887100636959076, -0.05835641548037529, 0.018130188807845116, -0.00988748762756586, 0.06553580611944199, 0.007000552956014872, -0.014067238196730614, 0.059916265308856964, -0.012272289022803307, 0.02655426785349846, -0.046225469559431076, 0.010397907346487045, 0.07848513126373291, -0.01864265277981758, -0.015054302290081978, -0.06381633877754211, 0.0449787899851799, 0.05180731043219566, -0.07378876954317093, 0.10600338876247406, 0.04816855862736702, 0.002285734983161092, -0.04653695970773697, -0.027279037982225418, 0.003853475907817483, 0.06220129132270813, -0.08320401608943939, -0.04133886098861694, -0.007111004553735256, 0.02573160082101822, -0.0213156808167696, -0.06963738054037094, 0.038373637944459915, 0.017134802415966988, -0.0033872511703521013, 0.015354044735431671, -0.012551269493997097, 0.06822729110717773, 0.056063614785671234, 0.006580431014299393, 0.039866264909505844, 0.16457588970661163, -0.054026685655117035, -7.872572194204872e-34, 0.002602014923468232, -0.017092347145080566, -0.003993330057710409, -0.10018861293792725, 0.14333009719848633, 0.016225025057792664, 0.0506519190967083, -0.04939723014831543, 0.02265852503478527, -0.06341584026813507, -0.018217867240309715, -0.07440309226512909, 0.006088210269808769, 0.04714442417025566, -0.02910729870200157, 0.0009832221549004316, -0.02979297935962677, 0.030628751963377, -0.10605819523334503, -0.08490906655788422, -0.003926494624465704, 0.013154957443475723, 0.12380452454090118, 0.08937359601259232, -0.03877391293644905, -0.017623238265514374, -0.05127038061618805, -0.039177071303129196, 0.06489941477775574, 0.092021644115448, -0.05546918511390686, -0.05178084969520569, -0.013712501153349876, 0.11351741850376129, 0.046735797077417374, -0.03678030148148537, -0.02899174578487873, 0.002979660639539361, 0.0005622535245493054, 0.029886560514569283, 0.021641235798597336, 0.06421991437673569, 0.010175997391343117, 0.034839700907468796, 0.04140768572688103, 0.023189278319478035, -0.0023204742465168238, -0.0991334319114685, -0.10294517129659653, -0.050543174147605896, -0.044204726815223694, -0.02563689835369587, -0.11386583745479584, 0.0009029162465594709, -0.007052786648273468, -0.09028103202581406, 0.030407151207327843, -0.13763712346553802, -0.10030486434698105, 0.03342236950993538, 0.00577305443584919, 0.02976231463253498, 0.007978081703186035, 0.08520341664552689, -0.029501909390091896, -0.014711095951497555, 0.006224691867828369, -0.04039962217211723, -0.09000229090452194, 0.029464684426784515, 0.005463946145027876, 0.062250662595033646, 0.02655647322535515, -0.016368795186281204, -0.011610087007284164, -0.09584762156009674, -0.038509584963321686, -0.05353324115276337, -0.06741973757743835, 0.05147504061460495, -0.014089538715779781, -0.0226617231965065, 0.0670057162642479, 0.009465353563427925, -0.024960560724139214, 0.1070081889629364, 0.005855494644492865, 0.09845007956027985, 0.005156046710908413, -0.018650876358151436, -0.04129992425441742, -0.0050501395016908646, -0.005685918498784304, 0.005010142922401428, 0.04312256723642349, -5.405149039461321e-8, -0.048596978187561035, 0.004437763709574938, 0.05227910727262497, -0.04727563261985779, -0.0035857430193573236, -0.014487859793007374, -0.053192079067230225, -0.017229245975613594, 0.04317161813378334, 0.05530903488397598, 0.0429246760904789, -0.01173377688974142, -0.0009622318902984262, -0.003959072288125753, 0.0895032286643982, -0.1277514100074768, 0.04456029459834099, 0.0737929493188858, 0.04217817261815071, -0.005499440245330334, 0.1392458826303482, -0.008267163299024105, -0.05367833375930786, 0.018128948286175728, -0.014776025898754597, 0.071595698595047, -0.08531461656093597, 0.11718431860208511, -0.048354703933000565, 0.10767907649278641, 0.03806567192077637, -0.014442339539527893, -0.03573310002684593, -0.07525144517421722, -0.04496125131845474, -0.0009306812426075339, -0.008797670714557171, -0.08215062320232391, 0.010660603642463684, 0.03484024107456207, -0.018302544951438904, -0.049469053745269775, 0.003016731468960643, 0.05674838274717331, 0.04378489777445793, 0.01253381185233593, -0.03312237188220024, 0.01713746041059494, -0.0038066080305725336, -0.05742521584033966, 0.048553865402936935, -0.005639588460326195, 0.01317994762212038, 0.01883802004158497, 0.013981821946799755, -0.0278411116451025, 0.056316353380680084, -0.04437682032585144, -0.05782094597816467, -0.025215042755007744, 0.09785163402557373, 0.022732554003596306, 0.02354741282761097, 0.03914395347237587 ]
, 56 , 57 , 62 , 64 , 66 , 67 , 69 , 72 ), combining cognitive-behavioral, relaxation, or leadership-specific components. Six studies (25%) applied a cognitive-behavioral approach ( 22 , 56 , 58 , 60 , 62 , 63 ), four (16%) focused on relaxation techniques ( 65 , 68 , 70 , 71 ), followed by biofeedback ( 37 , 52 , 59 ), organization-focused ( 55 ), and alternative intervention ( 54 ). Most multimodal interventions (66%) applied two different intervention type components.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.306
0.876
["leadership"]
475
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950885
[ 0.1224619448184967, 0.02444099821150303, -0.014178432524204254, 0.01169061940163374, 0.01638864167034626, 0.07314465939998627, -0.012670008465647697, 0.032475944608449936, -0.01310813706368208, 0.006444254890084267, -0.0003340239345561713, 0.03487570583820343, -0.03767584636807442, 0.04887254163622856, 0.061838243156671524, -0.07193285971879959, 0.0035005039535462856, 0.049920324236154556, -0.04655475169420242, 0.008297976106405258, -0.0016584837576374412, -0.008117394521832466, 0.09373576194047928, 0.029659634456038475, -0.07441384345293045, 0.05141798406839371, -0.0463188961148262, -0.03851664438843727, 0.052870895713567734, -0.04081016033887863, 0.018674323335289955, 0.0024387752637267113, 0.03997211158275604, 0.03495166078209877, -0.04436424374580383, 0.06504977494478226, -0.04086669534444809, 0.0638100802898407, 0.035247739404439926, 0.01217909436672926, -0.07960660755634308, -0.0222161915153265, -0.017560340464115143, -0.0396011546254158, -0.006362101528793573, -0.06420975178480148, -0.10654851049184799, -0.056904274970293045, 0.003931583371013403, -0.11230463534593582, -0.07904383540153503, 0.000509974779561162, 0.05953582003712654, 0.055681612342596054, 0.036980949342250824, 0.03961322829127312, 0.05962340906262398, -0.0002691954141482711, 0.0323481485247612, 0.024198122322559357, -0.009631623513996601, -0.06247327849268913, -0.03265233337879181, 0.018436752259731293, -0.05561983212828636, 0.07075096666812897, -0.046442653983831406, -0.0644814744591713, 0.019479157403111458, -0.05220625549554825, 0.03912199288606644, -0.08949702233076096, 0.06796059757471085, -0.03762426599860191, 0.02854829654097557, 0.016818266361951828, 0.016530144959688187, -0.00679891649633646, 0.07296593487262726, -0.04355184733867645, 0.03916901350021362, -0.005148379597812891, 0.023631568998098373, 0.03238684684038162, 0.0021011598873883486, -0.04204290732741356, -0.01684419997036457, 0.0018899320857599378, -0.010664442554116249, 0.12529051303863525, -0.025663908571004868, 0.01319377776235342, -0.03983676806092262, -0.024853670969605446, -0.10748528689146042, -0.034720245748758316, -0.08996610343456268, 0.03191059082746506, -0.056746892631053925, 0.008871743455529213, 0.06691966950893402, -0.0012930508237332106, -0.05562669783830643, -0.04227767139673233, -0.023041367530822754, -0.06852927803993225, 0.0970880314707756, 0.0005228669615462422, 0.029241139069199562, -0.027385862544178963, -0.14014282822608948, 0.03480435535311699, -0.030826294794678688, 0.0005966906901448965, 0.01710781827569008, -0.03712812811136246, -0.031620174646377563, 0.09694591909646988, 0.09859757125377655, -0.008191627450287342, 0.1946856677532196, -0.03991873189806938, 0.1766497790813446, -0.026844527572393417, 0.049762219190597534, -0.04031216353178024, -0.0591733455657959, -4.531941410758737e-33, 0.011519883759319782, 0.00037262096884660423, -0.008698990568518639, 0.11831648647785187, 0.04845700040459633, 0.037982456386089325, 0.021248573437333107, -0.07987327128648758, 0.054083772003650665, -0.044560402631759644, 0.028152186423540115, 0.0666428953409195, 0.013667827472090721, 0.07381276786327362, -0.0076966737397015095, -0.027100523933768272, -0.10471159964799881, 0.0577651709318161, -0.08704768866300583, -0.008391418494284153, -0.004729566629976034, 0.007076750043779612, 0.013959912583231926, 0.09278756380081177, 0.04505995661020279, -0.027715139091014862, -0.00647472171112895, -0.008973858319222927, -0.0009277850040234625, 0.07085049152374268, -0.0566384494304657, -0.025163477286696434, -0.0970693826675415, -0.026074199005961418, -0.034176457673311234, -0.015345093794167042, 0.05406166985630989, -0.024964865297079086, 0.014697716571390629, -0.05909792706370354, -0.08261611312627792, 0.025686606764793396, 0.03447689488530159, 0.013681293465197086, -0.013523850589990616, 0.04044397175312042, 0.016812564805150032, -0.009677072986960411, -0.004524456802755594, 0.050059881061315536, -0.0714341476559639, 0.018216319382190704, 0.12765906751155853, -0.06012047082185745, -0.018005920574069023, -0.025875600054860115, 0.04680474475026131, 0.033375877887010574, 0.011047099716961384, -0.011152132414281368, 0.05099315941333771, 0.05978621542453766, -0.07225378602743149, -0.04798135533928871, 0.0695151686668396, 0.008821667172014713, -0.06656695902347565, -0.03317255526781082, -0.023028414696455002, -0.01889421045780182, -0.04023986682295799, 0.06009618192911148, -0.03353143483400345, -0.010441450402140617, -0.07278291881084442, -0.09332901239395142, 0.05641532316803932, -0.03688758984208107, -0.06198614835739136, -0.03456497937440872, 0.0274541974067688, -0.03780253976583481, -0.009914210066199303, 0.014274653047323227, -0.027883203700184822, 0.012830935418605804, -0.02671167440712452, -0.015331427566707134, -0.027431610971689224, 0.08402024209499359, -0.03215070441365242, 0.01592368073761463, 0.11350386589765549, 0.10875854641199112, -0.03682798519730568, 2.8652237664331546e-33, 0.042289815843105316, -0.01119778398424387, 0.03713264688849449, -0.028566954657435417, 0.07863802462816238, 0.06683742254972458, 0.05402815341949463, -0.05905650928616524, 0.0397203229367733, -0.06525439023971558, 0.03198249638080597, -0.029938513413071632, -0.020214471966028214, -0.02663377858698368, -0.018350452184677124, 0.018814222887158394, -0.02916627936065197, 0.019596660509705544, -0.03290228918194771, -0.013724323362112045, -0.01725827157497406, 0.014027166180312634, 0.10216237604618073, 0.02122805453836918, -0.013479549437761307, 0.026499630883336067, -0.04202777519822121, 0.01454067975282669, 0.03886248916387558, -0.06146050617098808, 0.02763252891600132, -0.02586445026099682, 0.0278986394405365, 0.06614433228969574, -0.014444001019001007, 0.014498686417937279, -0.009532210417091846, -0.025367921218276024, -0.06947854161262512, 0.013950373977422714, 0.02337542362511158, 0.07182502746582031, 0.03541627898812294, 0.02310352586209774, 0.06383062154054642, 0.06193488836288452, -0.05760109797120094, -0.10548356175422668, -0.11937864869832993, 0.14247335493564606, -0.04934278503060341, -0.004188924562186003, -0.09279347211122513, -0.033932022750377655, 0.024401988834142685, -0.06544815748929977, 0.046371620148420334, -0.047014832496643066, -0.12307469546794891, -0.009722127579152584, 0.004710539244115353, 0.008060573600232601, -0.05921260267496109, -0.048783477395772934, 0.01141849160194397, 0.050361908972263336, 0.05111054703593254, 0.03274547681212425, -0.04613696411252022, 0.007290663197636604, -0.030872469767928123, -0.0399429090321064, -0.02321585826575756, -0.028600532561540604, 0.015575148165225983, 0.004523296840488911, -0.05113530158996582, -0.08391673862934113, -0.07908222824335098, -0.05708785355091095, -0.03721597045660019, -0.03529397398233414, -0.026278654113411903, -0.06837411969900131, -0.049481213092803955, 0.05307779088616371, 0.046809155493974686, 0.011453391052782536, -0.007417378015816212, 0.011198894120752811, -0.021591445431113243, -0.04363090544939041, 0.04960273206233978, 0.030094172805547714, -0.009374887682497501, -5.4703374274822636e-8, -0.051676034927368164, -0.05624847114086151, 0.06053002551198006, 0.010407846421003342, 0.12955813109874725, 0.005487880669534206, -0.056201089173555374, -0.03928719460964203, -0.02109290473163128, -0.009470497258007526, 0.025301823392510414, 0.008517071604728699, 0.0321987010538578, 0.07894159108400345, 0.04657038673758507, -0.10376022756099701, 0.000019285054804640822, 0.07091007381677628, 0.01957179233431816, -0.046254582703113556, 0.05483008176088333, -0.03340237960219383, -0.036635372787714005, 0.017607707530260086, 0.04837082698941231, 0.03853281959891319, -0.010514148510992527, 0.04832588881254196, -0.0557413175702095, -0.04274316877126694, 0.03111853636801243, 0.05597030371427536, -0.012234533205628395, 0.026782235130667686, -0.04167477786540985, 0.0006021211156621575, 0.01191895455121994, -0.05544278770685196, 0.018009651452302933, 0.03127947449684143, -0.0023945351131260395, -0.007023679092526436, 0.016032591462135315, 0.0949893519282341, 0.019624013453722, 0.01931830868124962, -0.05060935765504837, 0.0185414869338274, 0.029022715985774994, -0.00006250382284633815, 0.020992130041122437, 0.08769308030605316, -0.025630265474319458, 0.06098449230194092, 0.004821145907044411, 0.05886739119887352, 0.07333492487668991, -0.0006913283141329885, -0.00640076445415616, -0.05340404435992241, 0.09054931253194809, -0.0006777363596484065, -0.07531701028347015, -0.05220247060060501 ]
plied two different intervention type components. Interventions varied widely, from one 8-hour virtual group sessions ( 57 ) to eight weekly 180-minute group sessions with individual follow-up sessions and daily homework exercises over three months ( 72 ) or interventions providing 30 hours of learning over six months ( 20 , 69 ). Most commonly, interventions employed multiple delivery modes, including group or individual sessions and self-practice ( 20 , 21 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 66 , 68 – 72 ).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.3
0.872
[]
500
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950903
[ 0.0894165113568306, -0.007315044291317463, 0.045114729553461075, 0.015262952074408531, -0.07580853253602982, 0.030142780393362045, -0.09565037488937378, 0.024551797658205032, -0.06674598902463913, 0.012977675534784794, 0.07071469724178314, 0.05800284445285797, -0.045280810445547104, 0.025831909850239754, 0.04455925524234772, -0.010061015374958515, 0.007064520847052336, 0.008682344108819962, 0.007059171795845032, -0.02018047869205475, 0.03441762179136276, -0.06678008288145065, 0.07086591422557831, 0.05331140011548996, -0.036214303225278854, 0.08559812605381012, -0.04216405004262924, -0.033070895820856094, 0.10983241349458694, -0.033609986305236816, -0.009833699092268944, 0.004503408446907997, -0.036354754120111465, 0.027314921841025352, -0.06016775220632553, 0.06758619099855423, 0.011215483769774437, 0.016775527969002724, -0.07184373587369919, -0.017704639583826065, -0.028063340112566948, -0.030362961813807487, -0.020560745149850845, -0.01048318762332201, 0.03244724124670029, -0.03662287816405296, -0.023775609210133553, -0.04579945281147957, -0.010791730135679245, -0.025496473535895348, 0.0126017015427351, -0.00864080898463726, -0.014336648397147655, 0.07621940225362778, -0.013497915118932724, 0.03712855651974678, 0.004995870403945446, 0.05831627920269966, 0.013280222192406654, 0.005864177364856005, -0.025479791685938835, 0.00015854978119023144, -0.0752660259604454, -0.010804757475852966, -0.12541937828063965, 0.042701348662376404, -0.009813622571527958, -0.0017989382613450289, 0.05196886137127876, -0.015634240582585335, -0.03144606202840805, -0.014733928255736828, 0.014392741955816746, -0.02804430015385151, 0.08002960681915283, 0.0027025023009628057, -0.004822974093258381, -0.03623822703957558, 0.1121346578001976, -0.09767641872167587, 0.04322952404618263, 0.10327476263046265, 0.035475123673677444, 0.05427296459674835, -0.014202393591403961, -0.024175673723220825, 0.03577934578061104, 0.06299387663602829, -0.020189236849546432, 0.0047599743120372295, 0.06320302188396454, 0.051968447864055634, -0.059424154460430145, -0.011224807240068913, -0.0722317323088646, -0.04943997785449028, -0.01772647351026535, -0.009217292070388794, 0.006692540366202593, 0.048415232449769974, 0.06091535836458206, -0.02559642121195793, -0.009954308159649372, -0.04138045012950897, -0.09451611340045929, -0.04397115856409073, -0.0419313870370388, -0.048332199454307556, -0.026799961924552917, -0.03606255725026131, -0.07422706484794617, 0.028444167226552963, 0.0035350981634110212, 0.0042345537804067135, -0.027068018913269043, 0.04550868645310402, -0.007376919966191053, 0.03689540550112724, 0.092616967856884, 0.06172553077340126, 0.10286764055490494, -0.0013346191262826324, 0.1328659951686859, -0.06117400527000427, 0.029191698879003525, -0.01835089549422264, 0.00044125146814621985, 1.6539791426535073e-33, 0.015250509604811668, -0.02249179594218731, -0.026384273543953896, 0.061009835451841354, 0.015910713002085686, -0.0484757237136364, 0.02913118153810501, 0.06478164345026016, 0.03275703638792038, -0.03872154653072357, 0.048296067863702774, 0.0019293819786980748, 0.02526089921593666, 0.09581723064184189, 0.03348155319690704, -0.02851269394159317, -0.058038175106048584, 0.09509463608264923, -0.05989743396639824, 0.030380476266145706, 0.016721049323678017, -0.13555626571178436, 0.009180886670947075, 0.029128530994057655, 0.05439898371696472, 0.0000957781303441152, 0.03740263730287552, 0.07789985090494156, 0.05109155923128128, 0.03306955844163895, 0.04991497844457626, 0.041478611528873444, -0.08315630257129669, -0.04806641489267349, -0.010192113928496838, -0.014592478983104229, 0.08600620180368423, -0.039119038730859756, 0.024071594700217247, -0.04128779098391533, -0.004786754492670298, 0.00917986873537302, 0.09796221554279327, -0.06880110502243042, 0.030666373670101166, 0.012939036823809147, 0.003131830831989646, -0.06146444007754326, -0.03898068889975548, -0.025393275544047356, -0.05800871551036835, 0.022199535742402077, -0.047093480825424194, -0.089817576110363, 0.010116493329405785, 0.06798487156629562, -0.01789553463459015, 0.07288753986358643, -0.05918494984507561, 0.042223624885082245, 0.07194149494171143, 0.011844649910926819, -0.029913753271102905, 0.08118646591901779, -0.017236342653632164, 0.029703602194786072, -0.014146862551569939, -0.02585212141275406, 0.03812941163778305, -0.0685640424489975, -0.07343864440917969, 0.0008887214935384691, -0.049078986048698425, -0.09034222364425659, 0.010467508807778358, -0.16358111798763275, 0.052048809826374054, -0.046963635832071304, -0.0658913403749466, 0.06501665711402893, 0.043247826397418976, -0.0422201082110405, -0.006538484711199999, -0.010719237849116325, -0.028302215039730072, -0.014730454422533512, -0.04543880745768547, -0.059482742100954056, -0.014815380796790123, -0.013139106333255768, -0.04885346069931984, -0.0009518328006379306, 0.009337272495031357, 0.03851231932640076, 0.015541990287601948, -2.251146252247561e-33, 0.03343077003955841, 0.058938004076480865, -0.022493429481983185, 0.03333370015025139, 0.12273619323968887, 0.008289490826427937, 0.0012437828117981553, 0.06061200052499771, 0.022762447595596313, 0.015082716010510921, -0.06721790879964828, -0.03939347341656685, 0.02582349069416523, -0.023028722032904625, -0.07620358467102051, 0.0024394099600613117, -0.01040442194789648, 0.024729914963245392, 0.026224637404084206, 0.013181043788790703, 0.028070777654647827, -0.02098325453698635, 0.13832123577594757, -0.029093772172927856, 0.04583297297358513, -0.010374384932219982, -0.04516329616308212, 0.041764069348573685, 0.024895403534173965, 0.04662303999066353, 0.04036128520965576, -0.06309504806995392, -0.0022828218061476946, -0.012182106263935566, -0.0389372743666172, 0.006782357580959797, 0.022097352892160416, 0.0938129872083664, -0.04773218184709549, 0.07049689441919327, 0.06975504755973816, -0.014044972136616707, -0.016802245751023293, 0.004159904085099697, 0.004646316170692444, 0.07130854576826096, -0.012290582060813904, -0.037936363369226456, -0.0446491576731205, 0.03912106156349182, -0.07380097359418869, -0.014019380323588848, -0.035879671573638916, -0.08166809380054474, 0.06492499262094498, -0.0825105607509613, 0.0862058624625206, -0.14813676476478577, -0.09783567488193512, -0.028771350160241127, -0.03477887809276581, 0.009696822613477707, -0.05707346275448799, 0.05795908719301224, 0.06892227381467819, -0.01709733158349991, 0.009776771999895573, 0.03954490274190903, -0.02797752059996128, -0.014096078462898731, -0.06735990196466446, 0.013960999436676502, -0.02624543569982052, -0.1188330128788948, -0.045252759009599686, 0.010877393186092377, -0.017997832968831062, -0.07349169254302979, -0.09714895486831665, 0.008322079665958881, -0.047902487218379974, -0.0951557606458664, 0.02529114857316017, -0.029447240754961967, -0.07096036523580551, 0.05836200714111328, 0.05020768195390701, 0.07512467354536057, 0.02657507359981537, 0.07225796580314636, 0.01792198419570923, 0.03939362242817879, 0.022759776562452316, 0.04877202585339546, 0.014263888821005821, -4.977170320330515e-8, 0.07302365452051163, -0.035115454345941544, 0.011615794152021408, 0.03718006983399391, 0.09334301203489304, -0.03690316155552864, -0.10213401168584824, 0.05983484908938408, -0.038004789501428604, 0.030536556616425514, 0.020715463906526566, 0.05336279422044754, 0.09593398869037628, 0.03324980288743973, 0.01823045127093792, -0.02723732218146324, 0.05992145463824272, 0.0394245944917202, -0.05806988105177879, -0.02402009628713131, 0.03220447525382042, -0.08300672471523285, 0.02986467070877552, -0.0763748362660408, -0.022557895630598068, 0.012202542275190353, 0.019734084606170654, 0.0657939538359642, -0.07193732261657715, -0.04330086335539818, 0.058993708342313766, 0.026560159400105476, -0.06282592564821243, -0.04524986073374748, -0.0833021029829979, -0.023547422140836716, 0.008590479381382465, 0.007134426385164261, 0.002453375607728958, 0.023063741624355316, -0.005945614073425531, 0.000282943103229627, 0.11501999199390411, 0.040949318557977676, 0.035202961415052414, 0.017924902960658073, -0.14639124274253845, -0.03146103397011757, 0.07225604355335236, -0.0175180584192276, -0.0034677537623792887, 0.05048554018139839, -0.021004213020205498, 0.004027135670185089, 0.0983513817191124, 0.09131043404340744, 0.060876306146383286, -0.04055804759263992, 0.015867268666625023, -0.0020345489028841257, -0.06381728500127792, -0.009546373970806599, -0.056548506021499634, -0.02263028360903263 ]
e ( 20 , 21 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 66 , 68 – 72 ). Specifically, all three biofeedback interventions ( 37 , 52 , 59 ) were administered through individual face-to-face sessions, while virtual training formats (k=6) ( 53 , 57 , 62 , 63 , 65 , 67 ) included group sessions or self-practice. Home practice was encouraged in 48% of included studies. The majority of studies (91%) compared intervention effects to waitlist (k=13) ( 52 , 57 – 67 , 72 ) or passive (k=9) ( 20 – 22 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 69 – 71 ) control grou
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.295
0.82
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950920
[ 0.04247535392642021, -0.014411790296435356, -0.03485709801316261, 0.034493882209062576, 0.016745813190937042, 0.1376621574163437, -0.02861974760890007, 0.011322754435241222, -0.023222682997584343, -0.04825565591454506, 0.01093355193734169, 0.014066698960959911, -0.06938926130533218, -0.04102848470211029, 0.03039911761879921, -0.10863856971263885, 0.041224896907806396, 0.026690660044550896, 0.0037789943162351847, 0.031162375584244728, 0.023377852514386177, 0.05690541863441467, 0.09158085286617279, 0.03418062627315521, -0.10514555871486664, 0.00269345217384398, -0.0883144810795784, -0.01507449522614479, 0.07219921797513962, -0.05366922914981842, -0.026182379573583603, -0.057397909462451935, 0.046481654047966, -0.02519194781780243, -0.1014750525355339, 0.04987989738583565, -0.013625714927911758, 0.04175610840320587, -0.037483930587768555, 0.10570549219846725, -0.03656301647424698, -0.054007481783628464, 0.031390510499477386, -0.05392424017190933, 0.0065467217937111855, -0.03337273374199867, -0.030659830197691917, -0.05291794613003731, 0.04154590889811516, -0.07228781282901764, -0.011274370364844799, -0.0359814390540123, 0.0434134267270565, 0.048300325870513916, 0.06800305098295212, 0.005041506141424179, 0.06402386724948883, -0.012752817012369633, -0.02692570723593235, 0.07367483526468277, 0.04390545189380646, -0.0559401661157608, -0.0639829933643341, -0.01040162518620491, -0.023674428462982178, 0.015568383038043976, -0.04382307827472687, -0.08145404607057571, 0.03698853403329849, -0.03178556635975838, -0.0574704110622406, -0.047222547233104706, -0.02813766896724701, -0.008082455955445766, 0.03462863340973854, 0.09263134002685547, 0.008487500250339508, -0.005717282649129629, 0.05433584377169609, -0.01266905851662159, 0.038251180201768875, 0.057138606905937195, 0.061501577496528625, 0.07630525529384613, -0.05090045928955078, -0.02593102492392063, 0.059375740587711334, 0.01148157473653555, -0.01878591999411583, 0.10149239003658295, 0.029921062290668488, -0.02603820152580738, -0.007683995179831982, -0.013466295786201954, -0.08882845938205719, -0.047546278685331345, -0.08843635767698288, -0.02637958526611328, -0.010926922783255577, -0.0182526595890522, 0.02688189409673214, 0.037595927715301514, -0.041923873126506805, 0.08511312305927277, 0.015897810459136963, -0.010464165359735489, 0.029666507616639137, -0.005662200506776571, 0.03692074865102768, 0.04230468347668648, -0.12163160741329193, 0.10526765882968903, 0.00823754258453846, 0.05958254635334015, 0.0029021822847425938, 0.0578467957675457, 0.016022739931941032, -0.012340030632913113, 0.08258900046348572, -0.01078807283192873, 0.06439919024705887, -0.029232503846287727, 0.1724720001220703, -0.1177399680018425, 0.03196647763252258, -0.07270950824022293, -0.020620062947273254, -2.806035651406085e-34, 0.007825874723494053, -0.011987987905740738, -0.002007249742746353, -0.02506408467888832, 0.0058725737035274506, 0.002650905167683959, -0.012666024267673492, -0.0434933602809906, 0.0625879317522049, -0.03703118488192558, 0.003462483873590827, 0.05673709884285927, 0.022876247763633728, 0.06594333797693253, -0.03303801640868187, 0.004399949684739113, -0.10153116285800934, 0.07095775753259659, -0.033321313560009, -0.002146882936358452, 0.015718640759587288, -0.076376773416996, -0.011641602031886578, 0.05135804042220116, -0.019844014197587967, 0.0003806654713116586, -0.019922753795981407, 0.10286572575569153, 0.01052079163491726, 0.02055998705327511, -0.02582976035773754, -0.02891363948583603, 0.023375453427433968, -0.07822522521018982, -0.05020366609096527, -0.04928521439433098, 0.08167871832847595, -0.054405491799116135, -0.00320775480940938, -0.02193279191851616, -0.029628794640302658, 0.055479515343904495, 0.029558707028627396, -0.05275512486696243, -0.029484378173947334, -0.01282197143882513, -0.009983649477362633, -0.056903112679719925, -0.02507629245519638, 0.07228539884090424, -0.019438665360212326, 0.017000049352645874, -0.02863573282957077, -0.06723316758871078, -0.015553940087556839, 0.028112152591347694, -0.03708788752555847, 0.06785521656274796, -0.04818554222583771, 0.0429982952773571, 0.06718152016401291, 0.026555635035037994, 0.05471227318048477, 0.013471200130879879, -0.021466871723532677, 0.00265743350610137, 0.01588337868452072, -0.12150843441486359, -0.09599290788173676, 0.02107669971883297, -0.06122288852930069, 0.002753383247181773, -0.04140729829668999, -0.024544555693864822, -0.023278793320059776, -0.10677473247051239, 0.0010892795398831367, -0.044413648545742035, -0.05630384013056755, -0.032690197229385376, 0.05290662497282028, -0.002705691382288933, -0.06886912137269974, 0.013181261718273163, 0.007463217247277498, -0.01644536666572094, -0.09471729397773743, -0.03526139631867409, 0.019950194284319878, 0.020189760252833366, -0.05072452500462532, -0.0024700735229998827, 0.0955105721950531, 0.0423395000398159, -0.07621865719556808, 8.697832250591357e-35, 0.00234368909150362, 0.02140849456191063, -0.019573785364627838, -0.02941267564892769, 0.054139066487550735, 0.0693182498216629, 0.04824778437614441, -0.02070879563689232, 0.01262490451335907, 0.010404583066701889, 0.022625312209129333, -0.05753941461443901, 0.0231632087379694, 0.03200916945934296, -0.0729093924164772, 0.034057047218084335, -0.06894288957118988, -0.06379790604114532, -0.06973744928836823, 0.017075737938284874, 0.04685681685805321, 0.02100260742008686, 0.07633201777935028, 0.05015866085886955, 0.02238536812365055, 0.024302219972014427, -0.020573018118739128, 0.09050964564085007, 0.021898096427321434, -0.07287626713514328, 0.05387963354587555, -0.06725545972585678, -0.013136984780430794, 0.05933558940887451, -0.01749260723590851, -0.005091414786875248, -0.0030142886098474264, 0.02058236300945282, -0.033948399126529694, -0.04467189311981201, 0.09460475295782089, 0.08191686868667603, -0.01514805480837822, 0.050337955355644226, 0.04186933487653732, 0.05664321407675743, -0.08379607647657394, -0.07134795933961868, -0.0023652033414691687, 0.10402292013168335, -0.043821439146995544, 0.020640920847654343, -0.030314262956380844, 0.008190144784748554, -0.0559338703751564, -0.06984886527061462, 0.13377812504768372, -0.0067441510036587715, -0.15134258568286896, 0.04351525008678436, -0.03829334303736687, 0.003017285605892539, -0.025720175355672836, -0.03108062967658043, 0.07778873294591904, 0.07007325440645218, 0.0048624733462929726, 0.08668768405914307, 0.06710533797740936, -0.015545780770480633, -0.018851779401302338, 0.017831189557909966, -0.010613037273287773, -0.061584681272506714, 0.017314884811639786, 0.06745269149541855, -0.05436340346932411, -0.06846265494823456, -0.07648283243179321, 0.02063675783574581, -0.042963262647390366, -0.027982303872704506, -0.0021036143880337477, 0.030893297865986824, -0.0010640041437000036, 0.02319156751036644, -0.013449679128825665, 0.009451847523450851, -0.013135053217411041, 0.055079832673072815, -0.017790528014302254, 0.04752239212393761, 0.006965717300772667, 0.04826381430029869, 0.05443615838885307, -5.2666290883962574e-8, -0.017074700444936752, -0.08682394027709961, 0.08092246204614639, 0.08784719556570053, 0.028099076822400093, -0.03373704478144646, -0.06461591273546219, -0.08149690181016922, -0.0977616161108017, -0.005971342325210571, 0.003608999541029334, 0.011024394072592258, 0.0723477154970169, 0.08098538219928741, 0.08963892608880997, -0.0729946568608284, 0.023576414212584496, 0.11804886907339096, 0.018753062933683395, 0.03420223668217659, 0.04106396064162254, -0.02584245055913925, 0.007412739098072052, -0.03523112088441849, 0.05013696849346161, 0.004317523445934057, 0.07526673376560211, 0.07142270356416702, -0.09401226788759232, -0.03794042021036148, 0.12762819230556488, 0.01809128187596798, 0.0027910920325666666, 0.050148528069257736, -0.041154131293296814, 0.024273263290524483, 0.028761528432369232, -0.05663193389773369, 0.011165516451001167, 0.07998494803905487, -0.013947899453341961, -0.05748333781957626, -0.033271368592977524, 0.014250583946704865, -0.02458653785288334, 0.029318489134311676, -0.047682467848062515, -0.008905896916985512, 0.04469103738665581, -0.013204851187765598, 0.00971593614667654, -0.0044835289008915424, 0.04058745503425598, 0.06996326893568039, 0.03492836654186249, 0.05534837394952774, 0.0032225532922893763, -0.06415048241615295, 0.04320822283625603, 0.027262886986136436, -0.01736755110323429, -0.021441277116537094, -0.035128094255924225, -0.008593698963522911 ]
( 20 – 22 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 69 – 71 ) control groups. Among the included studies, eleven (44%) measured short-term ( 37 , 52 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 61 , 62 , 65 , 66 , 70 ), six (24%) medium-term ( 21 , 53 , 63 , 67 , 69 , 72 ), and four (16%) long-term outcomes ( 20 , 55 , 60 ). Additionally, four publications (16%) combined data from short- and medium-term follow-ups ( 58 , 64 , 68 , 71 ). In total, five distinct outcome categories were examined: (i) psychological stress, (ii) mindfulness, (iii) mental hea
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.824
[]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950938
[ 0.07082148641347885, 0.011154032312333584, -0.03393341600894928, 0.08281828463077545, 0.017062552273273468, 0.038090694695711136, 0.023510077968239784, -0.02591908909380436, 0.05594119057059288, -0.06384031474590302, 0.07044793665409088, -0.007379905320703983, -0.038762416690588, -0.04025084525346756, 0.05747245252132416, -0.005810895934700966, -0.036160361021757126, -0.03414681553840637, -0.056710921227931976, 0.033382151275873184, -0.001278943382203579, 0.00909714587032795, 0.05738493800163269, 0.04766739904880524, -0.07295919954776764, 0.08234460651874542, -0.0750618502497673, -0.03518150746822357, 0.023915477097034454, 0.054555248469114304, 0.0024493455421179533, 0.0002519062254577875, 0.020663389936089516, 0.02346254698932171, -0.04597899317741394, 0.00801363680511713, -0.04346875846385956, 0.0032538119703531265, 0.00267921295017004, 0.04331301152706146, -0.04877583310008049, 0.04118846729397774, 0.06368901580572128, 0.011986736208200455, -0.04738164693117142, -0.05135170370340347, -0.049468204379081726, -0.016190219670534134, -0.034515805542469025, -0.07036128640174866, -0.010470690205693245, 0.04817701131105423, 0.02686258591711521, 0.010208283551037312, 0.06082252413034439, -0.017954383045434952, 0.037983138114213943, 0.030417807400226593, 0.0007997215143404901, 0.08357486128807068, -0.030826399102807045, 0.003108198055997491, -0.06633726507425308, -0.00644091609865427, 0.0031072089914232492, 0.09451182186603546, -0.08303537964820862, -0.01804519258439541, -0.016654707491397858, -0.03699157014489174, -0.0019797899294644594, -0.10104182362556458, 0.012621034868061543, 0.07165483385324478, 0.05785622447729111, 0.03581668809056282, -0.021386779844760895, -0.06293197721242905, -0.0045723337680101395, 0.03262598440051079, 0.039770182222127914, 0.09015573561191559, 0.02264038473367691, 0.0129661550745368, -0.0018575609428808093, -0.1233227327466011, 0.08549749851226807, 0.06301724165678024, 0.023809630423784256, 0.08739635348320007, 0.10176718980073929, -0.008384665474295616, -0.0735541433095932, -0.04292857274413109, -0.04244529828429222, 0.03337162733078003, -0.10434198379516602, 0.03285061940550804, -0.06760036200284958, -0.050164949148893356, 0.04487396776676178, 0.0009622425423003733, -0.04752346873283386, 0.02238648571074009, -0.02935492992401123, 0.0059980242513120174, 0.021674184128642082, -0.0661027729511261, 0.010922536253929138, 0.00224707811139524, -0.08944827318191528, 0.022216079756617546, 0.005565691273659468, -0.0727514773607254, -0.02048279158771038, -0.051612187176942825, -0.04768365994095802, 0.11128789186477661, 0.09857328981161118, -0.018582206219434738, 0.0816330760717392, 0.012081249617040157, 0.1963001936674118, 0.006488625891506672, 0.07258008420467377, -0.0644349530339241, -0.08453235030174255, -3.9078453786262756e-33, 0.05765832960605621, -0.05560287460684776, -0.045601364225149155, 0.049939706921577454, 0.01639854721724987, 0.02054031379520893, -0.02348220720887184, -0.00010511590517126024, 0.035196710377931595, 0.022168805822730064, -0.012081260792911053, -0.034004196524620056, -0.07438139617443085, 0.04143929108977318, 0.000682452111504972, 0.013314895331859589, -0.07887879014015198, 0.06955712288618088, -0.04078805819153786, 0.025509841740131378, -0.09644725918769836, -0.00642773462459445, 0.03764747455716133, 0.04071776196360588, -0.029301008209586143, -0.04681028425693512, 0.04491414502263069, 0.02635638788342476, -0.07700828462839127, 0.006111226975917816, -0.04637113958597183, 0.05551189184188843, 0.01845780946314335, -0.0028192743193358183, -0.0733792781829834, 0.02624969743192196, 0.028780926018953323, 0.04129869118332863, 0.05532834306359291, -0.03106868639588356, -0.03392025828361511, 0.059722695499658585, -0.005347121972590685, 0.07008066028356552, -0.004524860996752977, -0.04611819609999657, -0.02567322365939617, -0.0723397359251976, -0.027667541056871414, 0.021834954619407654, -0.0951479896903038, -0.007827820256352425, 0.00760286208242178, -0.04179565608501434, -0.06286849081516266, -0.00859738327562809, 0.06249270215630531, 0.026486558839678764, -0.06207604706287384, 0.045512642711400986, -0.011636774986982346, 0.03414132073521614, -0.1182684674859047, -0.02196928672492504, 0.044297609478235245, 0.029576558619737625, -0.011515363119542599, -0.02554641105234623, -0.02648753672838211, 0.00883591827005148, -0.04275929182767868, 0.01929047703742981, -0.026074642315506935, 0.05945606902241707, 0.007633761968463659, -0.10981222987174988, -0.01754084974527359, -0.05169534310698509, -0.12598265707492828, -0.02131129801273346, 0.003684483002871275, 0.020668432116508484, -0.04018573462963104, 0.010036435909569263, 0.016638195142149925, -0.01400018110871315, -0.03817697986960411, -0.09913067519664764, -0.07486231625080109, 0.007659391965717077, 0.0294633898884058, 0.010583847761154175, 0.1477215737104416, 0.09558084607124329, -0.04546373337507248, 8.443415209838215e-34, 0.012360837310552597, -0.055080510675907135, -0.014535228721797466, -0.011814147233963013, 0.08808570355176926, 0.020754456520080566, -0.04389005899429321, -0.010982980020344257, -0.040470629930496216, 0.04706200584769249, 0.04113833233714104, -0.0576876699924469, 0.02373121678829193, 0.045715492218732834, -0.004724225029349327, -0.06985451281070709, -0.021241744980216026, -0.011765379458665848, -0.04816362261772156, -0.057912446558475494, -0.003494836622849107, -0.05582404136657715, 0.09563660621643066, 0.050494540482759476, -0.06029380112886429, -0.054889414459466934, 0.008460612036287785, 0.01696658320724964, 0.02785920351743698, -0.012853081338107586, 0.07227762788534164, 0.01847953535616398, 0.0027352161705493927, 0.06314001977443695, 0.04595267400145531, -0.04457336291670799, 0.017734479159116745, -0.006390836555510759, -0.02412520721554756, 0.027835052460432053, 0.01703578047454357, 0.02993372268974781, 0.04242226481437683, 0.04213402792811394, 0.0005802300292998552, 0.06010309234261513, 0.07788480073213577, -0.03062281757593155, -0.069710873067379, 0.0758231058716774, -0.03439153730869293, -0.012407582253217697, -0.06270730495452881, 0.03714120015501976, 0.11100564897060394, -0.07844600081443787, -0.03546089306473732, -0.08806711435317993, -0.10093512386083603, -0.00537489540874958, -0.02778804488480091, 0.04742688685655594, 0.001972080208361149, -0.013351617380976677, 0.013712525367736816, 0.046313513070344925, 0.02291477471590042, -0.007301962468773127, -0.0047510662116110325, 0.07619217783212662, -0.04508909955620766, -0.028902383521199226, -0.05216822028160095, -0.04197704419493675, 0.00461569894105196, -0.008932115510106087, -0.03678813949227333, 0.01047598198056221, -0.017544975504279137, -0.018440132960677147, -0.04118899255990982, -0.03480539098381996, 0.010775599628686905, -0.02267473191022873, -0.0495641753077507, 0.024743515998125076, 0.09339845180511475, 0.05754223093390465, -0.0019382165046408772, 0.0718926265835762, -0.037280142307281494, 0.03911825269460678, -0.0004109454748686403, -0.0177437923848629, -0.028106501325964928, -6.168711763621104e-8, -0.02446354553103447, -0.04938981682062149, 0.015045861713588238, -0.03327411413192749, 0.03370089456439018, 0.035925257951021194, 0.024686099961400032, -0.0463513545691967, -0.07797571271657944, 0.02395474538207054, 0.05431156978011131, -0.03435536101460457, -0.049244701862335205, 0.041055355221033096, -0.02266378328204155, -0.12117407470941544, 0.1379731446504593, 0.04569653049111366, 0.10501448065042496, -0.04127160459756851, 0.058682456612586975, -0.03889895975589752, -0.001316481502726674, -0.10013754665851593, -0.04769328981637955, -0.015385903418064117, 0.025567227974534035, 0.10599740594625473, -0.04692958667874336, -0.007589196320623159, 0.06891190260648727, 0.003354009473696351, -0.009726068004965782, 0.03546803817152977, -0.0119063351303339, -0.0403100848197937, 0.01939757540822029, -0.03835175931453705, 0.08554784208536148, 0.14189279079437256, 0.02493339031934738, 0.09047974646091461, 0.0165836401283741, 0.09311336278915405, -0.00354087445884943, -0.06963791698217392, -0.026290275156497955, 0.021995188668370247, -0.02199060469865799, -0.008561699651181698, 0.12273672223091125, 0.016087766736745834, 0.007771656382828951, 0.02854018658399582, -0.03805273026227951, 0.04585782065987587, 0.02768149971961975, 0.056646596640348434, -0.006977986544370651, -0.05463346466422081, 0.0803426206111908, -0.019575124606490135, -0.08844736218452454, -0.0037496802397072315 ]
logical stress, (ii) mindfulness, (iii) mental health, (iv) work-related outcomes and (v.) leadership-related outcomes. When ≥4 studies were available measuring similar constructs, we further subdivided these outcome categories into subcategories. As a result, the following four subcategories emerged: (i.i.) perceived stress, (i.ii.) job stress, (iii.i.) subsyndromal symptoms, and (iii.ii.) general mental health. On average, studies reported two outcome categories or three (sub)categories.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.699
0.674
["leadership", "career"]
494
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950959
[ 0.05304693803191185, 0.024917274713516235, -0.027286838740110397, 0.018585439771413803, 0.04545595869421959, -0.011256243102252483, 0.029619256034493446, -0.07997825741767883, 0.0133409034460783, -0.0440242625772953, 0.012800474651157856, -0.000995708629488945, -0.051305294036865234, 0.001107495161704719, 0.06263399124145508, -0.054420605301856995, -0.07479541748762131, 0.03766518831253052, -0.05081385001540184, -0.024660969153046608, 0.04321824014186859, -0.014830817468464375, 0.001694493112154305, 0.04154929518699646, -0.049390099942684174, 0.04963910952210426, -0.03578575327992439, -0.001471308059990406, 0.01715887151658535, 0.015726227313280106, 0.009351218119263649, -0.02328447252511978, -0.022712266072630882, 0.04697954282164574, 0.007354372646659613, 0.0076900371350348, -0.02741585671901703, 0.045407313853502274, 0.014901222661137581, 0.030320368707180023, -0.10401494055986404, -0.056259047240018845, 0.02301104925572872, -0.030094116926193237, -0.008549683727324009, -0.014648417942225933, -0.037398163229227066, -0.020432384684681892, -0.099883534014225, -0.08795119822025299, -0.0003051399835385382, 0.03655731678009033, 0.025703560560941696, 0.023309148848056793, 0.06081680208444595, 0.002787976525723934, 0.026241188868880272, -0.04536399617791176, -0.06325096637010574, 0.1083698570728302, -0.01547827199101448, -0.021098187193274498, -0.009034581482410431, 0.009554026648402214, -0.018163328990340233, 0.03098333068192005, -0.09863990545272827, -0.019269932061433792, -0.006992693524807692, -0.02412078157067299, 0.04516906663775444, -0.1309996396303177, -0.04880746826529503, 0.012192112393677235, 0.04233198240399361, 0.045114487409591675, -0.0008591958321630955, -0.056006431579589844, 0.016786260530352592, 0.056275319308042526, 0.02898278646171093, 0.08382978290319443, -0.001955262152478099, 0.08319275826215744, -0.005614487454295158, -0.06015286222100258, 0.06682922691106796, 0.057790208607912064, -0.019663065671920776, 0.06762649863958359, 0.10817986726760864, -0.02271740511059761, -0.06865959614515305, 0.041502635926008224, 0.003053865162655711, 0.041680943220853806, -0.12880538403987885, 0.08119223266839981, -0.05360163003206253, -0.0566333532333374, 0.02285332791507244, -0.039473071694374084, -0.004156671930104494, 0.021973880007863045, 0.012898099608719349, 0.02079281583428383, 0.07442696392536163, -0.040076494216918945, -0.07027705013751984, -0.06481320410966873, -0.08854497224092484, 0.016995444893836975, 0.017052868381142616, -0.08169703930616379, -0.05126595124602318, -0.023564105853438377, -0.07674103230237961, 0.1052267998456955, -0.009112516418099403, -0.03152867779135704, 0.09114397317171097, 0.013441409915685654, 0.08494530618190765, 0.04524212330579758, 0.044023431837558746, -0.12024315446615219, -0.05709291994571686, -6.746596461265935e-34, 0.07992985844612122, -0.036036986857652664, -0.008452268317341805, 0.06170564889907837, 0.061920586973428726, 0.016277488321065903, -0.006354581564664841, -0.000002149475903934217, 0.033838942646980286, 0.06422911584377289, -0.0695916935801506, -0.011598983779549599, -0.04926452413201332, 0.02879694662988186, -0.07376658171415329, -0.005473790690302849, -0.06023537367582321, 0.0955386832356453, -0.09305953979492188, 0.004699050914496183, -0.00878989975899458, 0.04083040729165077, -0.009730677120387554, 0.08890117704868317, -0.029236627742648125, -0.006199503783136606, 0.06022952124476433, -0.05270897224545479, -0.02682889625430107, 0.016926130279898643, -0.026690848171710968, 0.013466374948620796, 0.013516806997358799, 0.0023959570098668337, -0.07047884166240692, 0.06062816455960274, -0.027946636080741882, 0.03156973421573639, 0.08089892566204071, -0.00990277249366045, -0.04871487617492676, -0.005044605117291212, 0.03271716833114624, 0.07165320217609406, 0.05577576532959938, 0.011290017515420914, -0.027043571695685387, -0.0025169216096401215, -0.013817932456731796, 0.09627258777618408, -0.025071343407034874, 0.003182618645951152, 0.09973055124282837, -0.016835641115903854, -0.04444539546966553, -0.03669637814164162, 0.10161294043064117, 0.05051780492067337, -0.06136596202850342, 0.008121827617287636, -0.034050390124320984, -0.029275227338075638, -0.10168847441673279, -0.05926351994276047, 0.0410284698009491, -0.022028721868991852, -0.054404452443122864, -0.05002216249704361, 0.027050897479057312, 0.0301129799336195, -0.010402820073068142, 0.0564163438975811, 0.025229310616850853, 0.013806460425257683, -0.021622270345687866, 0.006088521797209978, -0.052946701645851135, 0.01121765561401844, -0.10363701730966568, -0.03636834770441055, -0.005893039517104626, 0.013254856690764427, 0.015623008832335472, -0.01049041748046875, 0.057121794670820236, 0.02290956862270832, -0.014355873689055443, -0.061359573155641556, 0.030525989830493927, 0.0799611508846283, 0.028966149315238, 0.026775697246193886, 0.13395683467388153, 0.06155211105942726, -0.05840162932872772, -5.548590475270439e-34, 0.023901445791125298, -0.03517664596438408, -0.026787152513861656, -0.03884446993470192, 0.08273091912269592, 0.026189731433987617, 0.03342461213469505, -0.03589713200926781, -0.028886958956718445, 0.05553296580910683, 0.038498684763908386, -0.0489218644797802, 0.00971765723079443, 0.05026296526193619, -0.011248323135077953, 0.033824220299720764, -0.0008174984832294285, 0.006914746947586536, -0.08614522218704224, -0.008274804800748825, -0.011167465709149837, 0.03988492488861084, 0.028451398015022278, 0.035292696207761765, -0.03127990663051605, 0.016885315999388695, 0.02192058600485325, 0.013945063576102257, 0.04216272383928299, -0.029472867026925087, 0.013310262933373451, 0.01874786987900734, -0.00252146041020751, 0.07987663149833679, 0.06422875076532364, -0.08978712558746338, 0.02547284960746765, -0.027718069031834602, -0.02553308755159378, 0.05821044370532036, -0.05011237785220146, 0.06362133473157883, 0.07029064744710922, -0.01100332010537386, -0.0032542329281568527, -0.03155868127942085, 0.06570497900247574, -0.08576730638742447, -0.11287759989500046, 0.005752173252403736, -0.02140723168849945, -0.03307688608765602, -0.06619992852210999, 0.09214469790458679, 0.12063829600811005, -0.023456241935491562, -0.09234974533319473, -0.09925343841314316, -0.11583127081394196, 0.054241713136434555, 0.007525986060500145, -0.009725376032292843, 0.07256317883729935, -0.060448694974184036, -0.06514193117618561, -0.02670248970389366, 0.04995259642601013, -0.01801718957722187, -0.04573444649577141, 0.06284928321838379, -0.07131803780794144, 0.0016322880983352661, -0.013432493433356285, -0.0258374884724617, -0.024705607444047928, -0.016393642872571945, -0.037894122302532196, -0.03486086428165436, -0.054791081696748734, -0.01951601915061474, -0.05132890120148659, -0.10000204294919968, 0.026465388014912605, -0.043979331851005554, -0.052103228867053986, 0.013988015241920948, 0.10784109681844711, 0.08369427919387817, 0.018129704520106316, 0.008398435078561306, -0.06402335315942764, 0.00849949661642313, -0.02728886529803276, -0.0014770014677196741, -0.0346856527030468, -4.890233995524795e-8, -0.03834151104092598, -0.0395628921687603, -0.01916629448533058, -0.05578203126788139, 0.018854103982448578, 0.019016971811652184, 0.012613908387720585, -0.00647701183333993, -0.032307107001543045, 0.05873279273509979, 0.020030450075864792, -0.07206684350967407, -0.06781207770109177, 0.010279104113578796, 0.06398438662290573, -0.08138222992420197, 0.09811625629663467, -0.0060642478056252, 0.0727657675743103, -0.06572581827640533, 0.08405925333499908, 0.05501449480652809, -0.08249928057193756, 0.025294749066233635, -0.058955561369657516, 0.07377415895462036, -0.04765597730875015, 0.07957093417644501, -0.009240888059139252, 0.021906664595007896, 0.058847576379776, 0.09166079014539719, 0.005891403183341026, -0.03654751181602478, 0.006152246613055468, -0.04205126687884331, -0.018428796902298927, -0.043197475373744965, 0.005626122001558542, 0.03760918974876404, 0.07992847263813019, 0.04872743785381317, 0.034465108066797256, 0.05781229957938194, 0.04213641211390495, -0.09392450749874115, -0.07445495575666428, 0.08336799591779709, -0.03774818778038025, -0.021509531885385513, 0.09100639820098877, 0.08121949434280396, -0.01021178625524044, 0.013989369384944439, -0.002036596881225705, 0.007697072345763445, 0.019495701417326927, 0.028699597343802452, -0.06972558796405792, -0.04929112643003464, 0.1359405815601349, -0.025778863579034805, 0.019757285714149475, -0.004411530680954456 ]
two outcome categories or three (sub)categories. Additional information on grouped outcome categories, including the original reported constructs and measurement instruments used, is provided in table 1 and supplementary material S4 and S5. Results of the meta-analyses and sensitivity analyses Overall, 21 studies could be included in the meta-analysis (see table 3 and supplementary material S8). On the outcome category level, the number of pooled studies for meta-analyses varied between k=12 for mental hea
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.846
[]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950976
[ 0.09688256680965424, 0.048060521483421326, -0.07114588469266891, -0.016068512573838234, -0.029292769730091095, 0.05894363299012184, -0.01242753304541111, 0.10000434517860413, -0.017774222418665886, 0.058597490191459656, -0.002735933056101203, -0.028687719255685806, -0.07840334624052048, 0.02625191956758499, 0.03212369233369827, 0.004320652224123478, 0.006130303721874952, -0.01414472982287407, -0.048845767974853516, -0.013432812876999378, 0.017185727134346962, 0.0012331464095041156, 0.14919531345367432, -0.015579408966004848, -0.048538342118263245, 0.0461207777261734, -0.07073841243982315, -0.041587814688682556, -0.00270904041826725, 0.014831527136266232, 0.007842453196644783, 0.05253366380929947, -0.02898465096950531, -0.02643973007798195, 0.017850320786237717, 0.05390677973628044, -0.006171633955091238, 0.07153668254613876, -0.022135023027658463, 0.06516485661268234, -0.04816305637359619, 0.025907540693879128, 0.06305225938558578, -0.028976593166589737, -0.006158688571304083, -0.07820408046245575, -0.11663629859685898, -0.029051128774881363, -0.053776733577251434, -0.00447425851598382, -0.036791376769542694, 0.07293820381164551, 0.041249290108680725, 0.07670579850673676, 0.0323624424636364, -0.004870212636888027, -0.0014372003497555852, -0.05188290402293205, -0.0178371574729681, 0.055861495435237885, -0.04118086025118828, -0.014460715465247631, -0.04062764719128609, 0.0018110746750608087, 0.09341449290513992, 0.09103237092494965, -0.07109039276838303, -0.10859803855419159, -0.000969531130976975, -0.0392824150621891, -0.0034022070467472076, -0.007663736119866371, -0.042270880192518234, 0.050535816699266434, 0.05860051140189171, 0.035497575998306274, -0.04434027150273323, 0.006200011819601059, 0.05046292394399643, -0.04044055566191673, -0.002413097070530057, 0.13624531030654907, -0.017203660681843758, 0.03327205032110214, 0.035894397646188736, -0.08816308528184891, -0.005949386861175299, 0.006642713211476803, -0.09415175020694733, 0.07171173393726349, 0.07213950902223587, -0.03558098524808884, -0.000841196218971163, -0.020157987251877785, -0.019490914419293404, -0.03312883898615837, -0.028982941061258316, -0.037208378314971924, 0.022239049896597862, -0.037937648594379425, 0.07351400703191757, 0.007014174945652485, -0.056963469833135605, 0.022117361426353455, -0.06286340206861496, 0.010270687751471996, 0.021831128746271133, 0.004887181334197521, -0.04796916991472244, 0.017714926972985268, -0.07759806513786316, -0.007663332391530275, -0.013589452020823956, -0.1036793440580368, -0.020655063912272453, -0.012581092305481434, -0.036461830139160156, 0.10321985185146332, 0.14030297100543976, 0.022926682606339455, 0.04964355379343033, 0.00951856467872858, 0.1225975975394249, 0.030984779819846153, 0.06630261242389679, -0.048461928963661194, -0.15052005648612976, 2.2904096002749484e-33, 0.04416562244296074, -0.0408022440969944, -0.05389036238193512, 0.02710101567208767, 0.01268672849982977, -0.03883124142885208, 0.00432328786700964, -0.04209345579147339, 0.11118657886981964, -0.025810176506638527, -0.016867009922862053, 0.07396804541349411, -0.032333724200725555, -0.007458788808435202, -0.03408528491854668, 0.07439776510000229, -0.04339703172445297, 0.01516234315931797, -0.09297265857458115, 0.028073307126760483, 0.023888733237981796, 0.013637014664709568, 0.08016529679298401, 0.03631600737571716, 0.01924995705485344, -0.0277198925614357, -0.0362105555832386, -0.0006867611082270741, -0.06844966113567352, 0.030946839600801468, -0.05571641027927399, 0.040499478578567505, -0.0028139150235801935, -0.046356912702322006, -0.08242517709732056, 0.03341366723179817, -0.009851108305156231, 0.05562804266810417, 0.027090217918157578, 0.011378880590200424, 0.07396558672189713, 0.04506603255867958, 0.035061758011579514, 0.005986783187836409, 0.025054626166820526, -0.07586338371038437, -0.04565202444791794, -0.07055118680000305, 0.0494261272251606, 0.02930707484483719, -0.030273830518126488, 0.0028651319444179535, -0.017163177952170372, -0.06914340704679489, -0.008771060034632683, 0.04238287732005119, 0.05545080080628395, 0.0209246464073658, 0.02184891514480114, 0.047832753509283066, 0.05052902549505234, 0.028674446046352386, -0.07762271165847778, -0.018152616918087006, 0.02171056531369686, -0.00822361558675766, -0.014342439360916615, -0.05523449927568436, -0.036599162966012955, -0.025369245558977127, -0.12366358935832977, 0.009205218404531479, 0.04218319058418274, 0.0781262144446373, -0.0979754626750946, -0.07967515289783478, -0.04144858196377754, -0.01803939789533615, -0.07336146384477615, -0.017841584980487823, 0.02921842411160469, 0.05173320695757866, -0.07032481580972672, 0.0408644899725914, -0.03474121168255806, 0.025187859311699867, -0.015601974911987782, -0.1079658791422844, -0.059160005301237106, -0.010350042954087257, 0.03647987172007561, 0.0001918517955346033, 0.07550904154777527, -0.0002568243653513491, 0.0023443703539669514, -5.384459505142985e-33, -0.103505939245224, 0.06634458899497986, -0.02497933618724346, -0.03306444361805916, -0.011933516710996628, 0.050500866025686264, 0.06180337443947792, -0.0914740338921547, 0.022218117490410805, 0.03742716833949089, -0.0006513386615552008, 0.03134308010339737, 0.007747740484774113, 0.0006340432446449995, -0.04342341795563698, 0.007192258257418871, -0.03942999243736267, 0.016273008659482002, 0.03497045859694481, 0.023554470390081406, 0.09494799375534058, 0.06496185064315796, 0.05055105686187744, 0.03453926742076874, -0.022970346733927727, -0.0413961336016655, 0.004401917103677988, -0.07616528868675232, 0.016177130863070488, -0.030213993042707443, 0.10414278507232666, 0.010856044478714466, -0.03766816854476929, 0.03775207698345184, 0.04309875890612602, -0.06676913052797318, -0.008993067778646946, -0.12344196438789368, 0.009488401003181934, 0.018683521077036858, 0.047893863171339035, 0.013712943531572819, 0.029215140268206596, 0.00685763917863369, 0.023653415963053703, 0.02249481901526451, 0.01262250728905201, -0.017611222341656685, 0.01660219021141529, -0.04071058705449104, -0.037626467645168304, -0.024850893765687943, -0.08518014848232269, -0.022306283935904503, 0.03176911920309067, -0.07487636804580688, 0.06554464250802994, -0.12485767900943756, -0.06235615909099579, 0.06613875180482864, 0.054365094751119614, 0.06398282200098038, -0.05790533870458603, -0.00515906373038888, 0.025016458705067635, 0.04777051508426666, -0.047739557921886444, -0.09230934828519821, -0.007109703030437231, 0.03606753796339035, -0.03560953959822655, -0.02622522972524166, -0.019554292783141136, -0.10543923079967499, 0.05764945223927498, 0.028482140973210335, -0.06977946311235428, 0.08121007680892944, -0.06038389354944229, 0.02408403530716896, -0.020000090822577477, -0.03596479073166847, -0.000805875810328871, -0.053356971591711044, -0.025778625160455704, -0.012927034869790077, -0.009112874045968056, 0.01947171427309513, -0.04366337135434151, 0.0978212058544159, -0.03082377277314663, -0.012264865450561047, -0.004400274716317654, 0.004767025355249643, -0.008652650751173496, -4.560560284971871e-8, 0.02918839454650879, -0.038420677185058594, 0.031439993530511856, 0.03125906363129616, -0.031650323420763016, 0.021505849435925484, -0.11095784604549408, -0.007984725758433342, -0.057199541479349136, -0.0048738522455096245, 0.05677586793899536, 0.022680560126900673, -0.06621227413415909, 0.04228471592068672, 0.006210504565387964, -0.03163466975092888, 0.08494443446397781, 0.11408472806215286, 0.03078441508114338, -0.009908529929816723, 0.05047168582677841, -0.0028381580486893654, 0.0409083291888237, -0.1287386119365692, -0.012781423516571522, -0.03202719986438751, -0.02248510718345642, 0.08466798812150955, -0.07140777260065079, -0.07021591812372208, 0.0408686026930809, 0.028844527900218964, -0.015163744799792767, -0.041774533689022064, 0.03273652866482735, -0.07226497679948807, 0.01482893992215395, 0.04716760665178299, 0.016344429925084114, 0.07302644848823547, 0.0403100810945034, 0.00719148013740778, 0.007058356888592243, 0.06397198885679245, -0.000052250499720685184, 0.01079844031482935, -0.10501912981271744, 0.04679565131664276, -0.03181171417236328, -0.008134251460433006, 0.003419556887820363, -0.00018970105156768113, -0.03262592852115631, 0.03533823415637016, 0.03945367783308029, 0.08929155766963959, 0.04783257097005844, -0.007245080545544624, 0.007357316557317972, -0.09222304821014404, 0.09874290227890015, 0.033616695553064346, -0.06362750381231308, -0.0520654134452343 ]
r meta-analyses varied between k=12 for mental health and k=5 for work-related outcomes (see table 3 and supplementary material S9). When pooling all intervention outcomes, the meta-analysis revealed no significant intervention effect for leader-targeted SMI in comparison to passive, active or waitlist control groups [g=-0.18 (95% CI -0.38– 0.03)] (table 3 and supplementary material S8). After removing outliers due to baseline imbalance and large effect sizes ( 58 , 69 , 72 ), a significant intervention eff
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.854
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.950998
[ 0.02432265505194664, 0.03842851147055626, -0.035411980003118515, 0.02243419550359249, 0.10187467932701111, 0.11332192271947861, -0.03443014249205589, 0.04285673052072525, -0.009234745055437088, -0.0015316959470510483, -0.014681831933557987, 0.07588645815849304, -0.06101474538445473, 0.005106726661324501, 0.04654308035969734, -0.0288082305341959, 0.03551199287176132, 0.0519406795501709, -0.08627378940582275, -0.04471312090754509, -0.04807557165622711, -0.026107121258974075, 0.03931395336985588, 0.03603912889957428, -0.08839099109172821, -0.006808069068938494, -0.08457323163747787, -0.024017779156565666, 0.005193927325308323, 0.020453214645385742, -0.032866016030311584, 0.019956812262535095, 0.02922266349196434, 0.00817149505019188, -0.027409203350543976, -0.0303337462246418, -0.0029065334238111973, 0.11802337318658829, 0.010221504606306553, -0.0358460359275341, -0.00797316711395979, -0.019143063575029373, 0.023309336975216866, -0.037279002368450165, -0.02951931208372116, -0.09302035719156265, -0.06034759432077408, -0.018728118389844894, -0.062393590807914734, -0.046508848667144775, -0.08390510082244873, 0.001242303173057735, 0.03548275679349899, 0.12062734365463257, 0.06122056767344475, -0.0015929705696180463, 0.0365174263715744, -0.09451829642057419, 0.016481466591358185, 0.0293008740991354, -0.060164619237184525, -0.06868042051792145, -0.03991979733109474, -0.0069708325900137424, 0.009367194026708603, 0.040105096995830536, -0.06475714594125748, -0.04865853115916252, 0.006939935032278299, -0.027785448357462883, 0.0245557501912117, -0.0555550791323185, -0.034884218126535416, 0.008810056373476982, 0.10519728064537048, 0.085606649518013, -0.029552016407251358, 0.019734028726816177, 0.0736895427107811, -0.005256596487015486, 0.016255898401141167, 0.07576091587543488, -0.029159199446439743, 0.06271564215421677, -0.021448751911520958, -0.061563823372125626, 0.024893084540963173, 0.009278671815991402, -0.014659399166703224, 0.09921542555093765, 0.046701688319444656, 0.0622003972530365, -0.038417715579271317, -0.012183308601379395, -0.04538728669285774, -0.047080282121896744, -0.10759279131889343, 0.05201854184269905, -0.08893010020256042, -0.0027469713240861893, 0.07583298534154892, -0.011532928794622421, -0.02875179797410965, -0.038421642035245895, -0.01736723631620407, -0.08433715999126434, 0.07691535353660583, -0.044510576874017715, -0.055257201194763184, -0.03209102898836136, -0.005810914561152458, -0.0023345770314335823, -0.008266891352832317, -0.0349118709564209, -0.0037700654938817024, -0.0008538371184840798, -0.025066906586289406, 0.07048864662647247, 0.02326539158821106, 0.0029903403483331203, 0.10036928951740265, 0.025408541783690453, 0.025401832535862923, 0.040557704865932465, 0.03931210935115814, 0.04284072294831276, -0.14143215119838715, 2.206131063424806e-33, 0.038015346974134445, -0.04535074532032013, 0.05272447317838669, 0.018801381811499596, 0.03428352251648903, -0.08524709939956665, -0.0015435562236234546, -0.0726892501115799, 0.07706239819526672, -0.02201608009636402, -0.049089379608631134, 0.008367696776986122, 0.004353560972958803, 0.001204040483571589, -0.08039454370737076, -0.014519859105348587, 0.002205952536314726, 0.016126686707139015, -0.11790861934423447, 0.03404288738965988, 0.09715542197227478, -0.037179332226514816, -0.006937073543667793, 0.014698510989546776, -0.006868814583867788, -0.019349731504917145, -0.044349223375320435, -0.014692151919007301, 0.006099128630012274, 0.059721481055021286, -0.009372353553771973, 0.03096064180135727, 0.010120388120412827, -0.011733497492969036, -0.0996500626206398, 0.0028752617072314024, -0.01879606582224369, -0.04644195735454559, 0.059310246258974075, 0.023587888106703758, -0.013379720970988274, 0.02698403224349022, 0.009377107955515385, 0.026194004341959953, 0.012230414897203445, -0.08872969448566437, -0.09120737761259079, -0.014284616336226463, 0.027743784710764885, 0.08669986575841904, -0.09661085158586502, 0.0528300441801548, 0.015778612345457077, -0.004439724609255791, 0.004433074034750462, 0.00700048403814435, 0.09451141208410263, 0.039985522627830505, -0.026041017845273018, -0.009662383235991001, 0.008135159499943256, 0.0017582105938345194, -0.13795830309391022, 0.07099137455224991, 0.008252051658928394, 0.0210078377276659, 0.016890045255422592, -0.09461911767721176, -0.03305589780211449, -0.0021432284265756607, -0.03006306104362011, 0.07019659876823425, 0.007369731552898884, 0.08752787113189697, -0.05003133788704872, -0.05549873411655426, -0.008095783181488514, -0.016141662374138832, -0.0018549448577687144, 0.023792076855897903, 0.03717202693223953, 0.015522434376180172, -0.05441964045166969, 0.014641243033111095, -0.05016373097896576, -0.03821023181080818, -0.014780398458242416, -0.003816817421466112, -0.01200716383755207, -0.03235180303454399, 0.022384606301784515, -0.04543313384056091, 0.08804219216108322, 0.10816901177167892, -0.10494339466094971, -4.3973597972170624e-33, -0.03227304294705391, -0.0022996251937001944, 0.09024199098348618, -0.022433830425143242, 0.10876034200191498, 0.1132180318236351, 0.031685952097177505, -0.12174595892429352, 0.05289148539304733, 0.025433987379074097, 0.04296565055847168, 0.023815805092453957, 0.0026972321793437004, 0.02285015769302845, 0.07266034930944443, -0.01502497773617506, 0.010455879382789135, -0.04369744658470154, -0.02484927326440811, 0.0037512145936489105, 0.08248946815729141, -0.013878356665372849, 0.12246571481227875, 0.073299340903759, -0.038389869034290314, -0.038126058876514435, 0.026975417509675026, 0.030465226620435715, 0.015504908747971058, -0.04406128078699112, 0.0619063526391983, 0.016411535441875458, -0.015843095257878304, -0.004693651106208563, 0.020594434812664986, -0.017276586964726448, -0.01477852463722229, -0.10375574976205826, -0.02905845083296299, 0.0817149206995964, 0.03894088417291641, 0.022990232333540916, 0.057729125022888184, -0.03804728016257286, -0.037937939167022705, 0.013663425110280514, 0.00852107722312212, -0.04194597527384758, -0.054665569216012955, 0.009555527940392494, -0.04004655405879021, 0.03422290086746216, -0.0314503088593483, 0.00795732345432043, 0.027673762291669846, -0.051984623074531555, 0.047611575573682785, -0.06364551186561584, -0.17001232504844666, 0.04932068660855293, -0.008557120338082314, 0.0011121779680252075, -0.023129139095544815, -0.04753676801919937, 0.024641353636980057, 0.018795324489474297, 0.04285600036382675, -0.024638570845127106, 0.010854344815015793, 0.010118300095200539, -0.031318482011556625, -0.026159705594182014, -0.0031089724507182837, -0.050861962139606476, -0.023555446416139603, -0.02594859153032303, -0.09830908477306366, 0.05718402564525604, -0.057281848043203354, -0.01187975611537695, -0.03849386051297188, -0.028279628604650497, -0.033204417675733566, -0.052714865654706955, -0.0028249556198716164, 0.0446043536067009, 0.027839235961437225, 0.036724671721458435, 0.016228247433900833, 0.03631822019815445, -0.0789157822728157, -0.03477458655834198, -0.010698270983994007, 0.033804986625909805, -0.02360265515744686, -5.022089055728429e-8, 0.048513662070035934, -0.022168543189764023, -0.010693238116800785, 0.07206472009420395, 0.0016175734344869852, -0.012084397487342358, -0.09268828481435776, -0.027541739866137505, -0.018238509073853493, 0.09961951524019241, 0.07955756038427353, -0.03743639960885048, 0.009891667403280735, -0.04528788849711418, 0.023925427347421646, -0.0727064311504364, 0.05550691857933998, 0.026835719123482704, 0.044988054782152176, -0.0562119334936142, 0.023037035018205643, 0.03230720013380051, -0.0010305984178557992, -0.0939708948135376, -0.009671159088611603, 0.04653020203113556, -0.030338851734995842, 0.0673174187541008, -0.048324182629585266, -0.050329335033893585, 0.07998707890510559, -0.006193151231855154, -0.01652403734624386, 0.04609939828515053, -0.018330251798033714, -0.026195863261818886, 0.009230345487594604, -0.013149387203156948, 0.03893020749092102, 0.08452150225639343, 0.10457594692707062, 0.036705974489450455, 0.012099435552954674, 0.04103805497288704, -0.060981959104537964, 0.005526296328753233, -0.11831176280975342, 0.052430640906095505, -0.02464885823428631, -0.09051334112882614, 0.04819106683135033, 0.07049362361431122, -0.07014200836420059, 0.035144515335559845, 0.056410349905490875, 0.11594420671463013, 0.04414435848593712, -0.018073946237564087, 0.0016158121870830655, -0.08318551629781723, 0.09097287058830261, -0.036121103912591934, -0.10073812305927277, 0.0048409681767225266 ]
s ( 58 , 69 , 72 ), a significant intervention effect on leader-targeted SMI emerged [g=-0.13 (95% CI -0.24– -0.01)] Table 3. Summary of findings. [CI=confidence interval]. Outcome Number of studies (reference) g standardized mean difference scores, 95% CI (Hedges’ g) Summary of findings Certainty of evidence (GRADE) All analyzed interventions All interventions 21 studies ( 20 – 22 , 37 , 53 – 56 , 58 , 60 – 70 , 72 ) All studies: -0.18 (95% CI -0.38–0.03); Without outliers: -0.13 (95% CI -0.24– -0.01)* Aft
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.728
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951017
[ 0.019030848518013954, 0.06516841799020767, 0.006617576349526644, 0.024426234886050224, 0.06004204973578453, 0.07976346462965012, -0.07397256046533585, 0.11026288568973541, -0.02066991478204727, 0.011209726333618164, 0.03110063262283802, 0.06342308968305588, 0.056801050901412964, -0.008555090054869652, -0.013902504928410053, -0.037969473749399185, 0.08668512105941772, 0.07299446314573288, -0.08949887752532959, -0.06294374912977219, -0.09264566004276276, 0.0006411833455786109, 0.03191039711236954, 0.021991975605487823, -0.10111285746097565, -0.03758921101689339, -0.1124812439084053, -0.03943802788853645, -0.030978629365563393, 0.006769358180463314, -0.005108213517814875, -0.02976331114768982, 0.031049801036715508, -0.005593564826995134, -0.07735549658536911, -0.03265036270022392, 0.013533910736441612, 0.04531039297580719, 0.005495577119290829, -0.06278230249881744, 0.05103728920221329, -0.06681428104639053, 0.03134628012776375, -0.05125255882740021, -0.006777271628379822, -0.07728283852338791, -0.054126493632793427, -0.012577715329825878, -0.10317155718803406, 0.008855356834828854, -0.0760996863245964, -0.05475173518061638, 0.04867550730705261, 0.019548358395695686, 0.024855563417077065, -0.019300376996397972, -0.026198754087090492, -0.05155191197991371, 0.07400069385766983, -0.02994837611913681, -0.08783068507909775, -0.0319402813911438, -0.038128048181533813, -0.011502878740429878, 0.01856808550655842, -0.008535335771739483, -0.0061465478502213955, -0.05577393248677254, 0.0499233603477478, 0.019462838768959045, 0.07661696523427963, -0.04727773368358612, -0.028287865221500397, -0.01252438873052597, 0.0339612178504467, 0.05401862785220146, -0.028580741956830025, 0.0484071783721447, 0.09172286838293076, 0.03517525643110275, 0.057974737137556076, 0.05629375949501991, -0.013736611232161522, 0.08470536023378372, 0.031235022470355034, -0.0367012619972229, 0.017678137868642807, 0.007747252471745014, -0.07167236506938934, 0.12424658238887787, 0.017814379185438156, 0.05627083033323288, -0.09974895417690277, 0.009582250379025936, -0.02702879160642624, -0.029438653960824013, -0.12523910403251648, -0.03930049017071724, -0.06271960586309433, 0.01820678450167179, 0.0728377252817154, 0.0037535694427788258, -0.06235182657837868, -0.10127052664756775, -0.013482477515935898, -0.0688505545258522, 0.07171059399843216, -0.0697997510433197, -0.016578949987888336, -0.01377890631556511, 0.010727673768997192, -0.04344405233860016, -0.002013390650972724, -0.016957830637693405, 0.03476732596755028, -0.01487355399876833, -0.027027525007724762, 0.10670892894268036, 0.008204109035432339, -0.06717057526111603, 0.0969548374414444, -0.012501250021159649, 0.06216609477996826, -0.006701573263853788, -0.0022780634462833405, 0.04721163585782051, -0.0791655033826828, -7.411968048982102e-34, 0.012782495468854904, -0.058334141969680786, 0.04860693961381912, 0.03826066479086876, 0.04850602149963379, -0.04615947976708412, -0.017971767112612724, -0.034194204956293106, 0.009754053317010403, 0.00965149886906147, -0.02762201614677906, -0.023825231939554214, 0.03855545446276665, 0.047705311328172684, 0.0023752334527671337, 0.026846343651413918, 0.024273555725812912, 0.005482412409037352, -0.09432865679264069, 0.00696131307631731, 0.0794830396771431, -0.0256067905575037, -0.006538366433233023, -0.021586323156952858, 0.01828872598707676, 0.012302489019930363, -0.005107548553496599, 0.023088917136192322, 0.0030023911967873573, 0.030846858397126198, 0.01594153232872486, 0.004868909250944853, -0.04576866701245308, -0.10176825523376465, -0.04111514613032341, 0.01972784474492073, 0.012087701819837093, -0.05166313052177429, 0.000518238521181047, 0.038345687091350555, 0.022608080878853798, 0.04144750535488129, 0.005195472855120897, -0.012995714321732521, 0.031457990407943726, 0.008552207611501217, -0.06674060225486755, -0.07624409347772598, -0.003666750155389309, -0.03524650260806084, -0.11051499843597412, 0.034152381122112274, 0.06324785947799683, -0.0036459690891206264, -0.01560644619166851, 0.02985299564898014, 0.047865718603134155, 0.06477496027946472, -0.029150372371077538, -0.060755159705877304, 0.023982049897313118, -0.0011210334487259388, -0.11213939636945724, 0.06472165137529373, 0.01562429964542389, 0.013516724109649658, -0.007562648970633745, -0.0841592401266098, -0.033446650952100754, 0.010186419822275639, -0.00842686090618372, 0.017276441678404808, -0.036187898367643356, 0.01613605208694935, -0.009798483923077583, -0.09247054904699326, 0.025103621184825897, 0.058858856558799744, 0.05351582169532776, -0.02882007136940956, 0.02248600870370865, -0.057605333626270294, -0.032668810337781906, -0.01923285983502865, -0.019878268241882324, -0.01668434962630272, -0.04171835258603096, -0.024574708193540573, 0.010360334068536758, -0.003471820382401347, 0.0413457527756691, -0.043224189430475235, 0.008370282128453255, 0.14409643411636353, -0.07864608615636826, -1.812869061015225e-33, -0.021908441558480263, 0.08249887824058533, 0.1278197169303894, -0.024900302290916443, 0.09634890407323837, 0.09434019029140472, 0.02213769219815731, -0.10234948247671127, 0.05124380812048912, -0.003335034940391779, 0.0482189804315567, 0.025772932916879654, 0.004006156697869301, -0.005614095833152533, 0.09392092376947403, -0.007645143195986748, -0.007791098207235336, -0.018082501366734505, -0.047883857041597366, -0.008819340728223324, 0.10594462603330612, 0.016387226060032845, 0.14118844270706177, 0.05312731862068176, -0.002946487395092845, -0.032535649836063385, 0.03459171578288078, 0.03955383971333504, -0.03560355305671692, -0.05236417427659035, 0.0889054387807846, 0.001453279866836965, -0.010989098809659481, 0.010861868970096111, -0.031265027821063995, 0.001235149335116148, 0.029052311554551125, -0.054125431925058365, -0.06113303080201149, 0.07729870826005936, 0.030222328379750252, 0.027902888134121895, 0.06240285187959671, 0.02213001623749733, -0.005603448022156954, 0.051181610673666, 0.014432663097977638, -0.0290348082780838, -0.06958315521478653, 0.029712392017245293, -0.047188181430101395, 0.09748873114585876, -0.010033651255071163, -0.006140486802905798, 0.06893254816532135, -0.04450886696577072, 0.0793427973985672, -0.06533591449260712, -0.12423866242170334, 0.028198666870594025, 0.006957466714084148, 0.05561881139874458, -0.0623197965323925, -0.010029764845967293, 0.03514459356665611, 0.0389745831489563, 0.001147724688053131, 0.019943200051784515, 0.006220824085175991, -0.022344203665852547, -0.04872007668018341, -0.05074240267276764, -0.027658645063638687, -0.05171681195497513, -0.039193715900182724, -0.005760141648352146, -0.09879771620035172, 0.03370864316821098, -0.05374361202120781, -0.008419826626777649, -0.014672827906906605, -0.0900387093424797, 0.01447735633701086, -0.056911543011665344, 0.031656622886657715, 0.028045082464814186, 0.06114373356103897, 0.011459638364613056, 0.045382969081401825, 0.03712928667664528, -0.08471490442752838, -0.04620076343417168, 0.002850479679182172, 0.01810201071202755, -0.040583182126283646, -5.7037656375769075e-8, -0.0241737999022007, 0.0025550953578203917, -0.039890874177217484, 0.11399493366479874, -0.04390281066298485, 0.054819319397211075, -0.1203184723854065, 0.007008847314864397, -0.04254559427499771, 0.03161901980638504, -0.009938018396496773, -0.033074744045734406, -0.005237434525042772, -0.08131241053342819, 0.045809876173734665, -0.08486191183328629, 0.04921795800328255, 0.026183201000094414, 0.0354984886944294, -0.050769999623298645, 0.02699781395494938, 0.021146275103092194, -0.026720751076936722, -0.036361318081617355, -0.017440393567085266, 0.034988828003406525, -0.0020344979129731655, 0.10588870197534561, -0.06591036170721054, 0.013706686906516552, 0.04593033343553543, -0.05377594754099846, 0.015954872593283653, 0.061582501977682114, -0.023188695311546326, 0.05697111040353775, 0.056122273206710815, -0.04679274186491966, 0.10153833776712418, 0.031011560931801796, 0.055456411093473434, 0.0598333477973938, 0.04226737841963768, 0.06433603912591934, -0.07004524767398834, 0.029999438673257828, -0.043258145451545715, 0.025000978261232376, 0.023824596777558327, -0.06543445587158203, 0.02297673560678959, 0.03623263165354729, -0.051356539130210876, 0.022036321461200714, 0.00412710988894105, 0.08777600526809692, 0.04644432291388512, -0.004901541862636805, -0.0391492024064064, -0.06480216979980469, 0.12259859591722488, -0.066097192466259, -0.08598501235246658, -0.0026866579428315163 ]
ution is warranted when interpreting the results. / Main level outcome categories Psychological Stress 11 studies ( 21 , 22 , 54 – 56 , 60 , 62 , 67 , 68 , 70 , 7 , 2 ) All studies: -0.02 (95% CI-0.43–0.39); Without outliers (k=9): -0.12 (95% CI -0.28–0.04) No significant effect on psychological stress was observed among supervisors participating in occupational stress management interventions when contrasted with supervisors undergoing alternative interventions or the control group.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.698
0.706
["management"]
488
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951039
[ 0.0627371072769165, 0.015151859261095524, 0.03978680446743965, 0.07109268009662628, -0.03566562756896019, 0.05658334866166115, 0.015549355186522007, 0.016359250992536545, -0.053864262998104095, -0.048476267606019974, 0.030910713598132133, -0.04686782509088516, -0.0028446775395423174, 0.02691091224551201, -0.017742378637194633, -0.004582738038152456, 0.0403621532022953, 0.014978369697928429, -0.04462948441505432, 0.0024431112688034773, 0.015988865867257118, 0.005883021280169487, 0.008566675707697868, 0.015501163899898529, -0.029174527153372765, 0.058030594140291214, -0.00824438314884901, -0.018275020644068718, 0.003664392977952957, 0.04006991162896156, -0.055454522371292114, -0.00296981749124825, -0.013659890741109848, -0.030365213751792908, 0.0027879246044903994, -0.0394580215215683, 0.019356517121195793, 0.015338013879954815, 0.017503531649708748, 0.07114093750715256, -0.06050817295908928, 0.014470824040472507, 0.04205930605530739, -0.026864852756261826, 0.012177329510450363, -0.03740544989705086, -0.072224922478199, -0.03620661050081253, -0.08131232857704163, -0.04220593348145485, 0.019726697355508804, 0.06431534141302109, 0.07905890792608261, 0.0036800920497626066, 0.04485747590661049, -0.06920421868562698, 0.04952108860015869, -0.03358224034309387, -0.02496766671538353, 0.060752980411052704, -0.013147103600203991, -0.008572930470108986, -0.02083343267440796, -0.03883820399641991, 0.04929598793387413, 0.001010370790027082, -0.10609614849090576, -0.04693406820297241, -0.017976704984903336, -0.07711975276470184, 0.013885607942938805, -0.11066959798336029, -0.03227226808667183, 0.027843115851283073, 0.07099786400794983, 0.05781032145023346, -0.07734726369380951, 0.0389200858771801, -0.0013401889009401202, 0.007080224342644215, 0.07867922633886337, 0.05069775506854057, 0.06567180901765823, -0.03375517204403877, 0.02824273705482483, -0.13426990807056427, 0.0846841037273407, 0.00005065596997155808, -0.04193976894021034, 0.13877369463443756, 0.10600720345973969, -0.04075298830866814, -0.016668180003762245, 0.0015644263476133347, -0.013669484294950962, 0.022811446338891983, -0.12071073055267334, 0.08841723203659058, -0.07477597892284393, -0.08006563037633896, 0.01865195669233799, 0.037170153111219406, -0.08002671599388123, 0.02538914605975151, -0.03902105987071991, -0.009574731811881065, 0.0035547949373722076, -0.08841250091791153, -0.031168008223176003, -0.02439287304878235, -0.05932951346039772, 0.03918014094233513, -0.05074030160903931, -0.0854487195611, -0.014058573171496391, -0.015565440058708191, -0.04133252799510956, 0.027415208518505096, -0.016874276101589203, 0.04648156464099884, 0.0563775897026062, -0.009814687073230743, 0.028259193524718285, 0.05344213917851448, 0.0005431731697171926, -0.02827034890651703, -0.07381828874349594, 8.330242654502876e-34, 0.06856034696102142, -0.023662477731704712, -0.047967277467250824, 0.019673770293593407, -0.0004704465391114354, 0.034166909754276276, -0.07119832932949066, -0.020855242386460304, 0.13491395115852356, -0.08688236027956009, -0.04513666406273842, 0.06890145689249039, 0.01542737428098917, -0.009809712879359722, -0.08276351541280746, 0.03967738151550293, 0.029364751651883125, 0.0845395103096962, -0.03283107280731201, 0.021619262173771858, -0.0725230798125267, 0.044177521020174026, -0.029386421665549278, -0.006385167129337788, -0.050496019423007965, 0.03768353536725044, 0.0026116077788174152, -0.021833378821611404, -0.014476259239017963, 0.015109571628272533, -0.02074585109949112, 0.004930194467306137, 0.03468867018818855, -0.01087576150894165, -0.05601067095994949, 0.07400216907262802, 0.019298674538731575, 0.026759490370750427, 0.029804397374391556, -0.03197024017572403, -0.08260060846805573, -0.029377248138189316, 0.05016333982348442, 0.020727716386318207, 0.06937681138515472, -0.06161816790699959, -0.028207508847117424, -0.0645124688744545, -0.039280857890844345, 0.08748022466897964, -0.10171088576316833, 0.034180283546447754, 0.07178053259849548, -0.015453897416591644, -0.019185518845915794, -0.056069567799568176, 0.08843045681715012, -0.057758551090955734, -0.06445629149675369, 0.034251000732183456, 0.039230749011039734, 0.039297278970479965, -0.09718073904514313, -0.0017221721354871988, 0.07052059471607208, -0.021538294851779938, 0.0036123821046203375, -0.030128123238682747, -0.007930808700621128, 0.05144357681274414, -0.08235306292772293, 0.07915865629911423, 0.03934644162654877, 0.015001670457422733, -0.04611737281084061, -0.051923010498285294, -0.02148078940808773, -0.00005376045737648383, -0.06310752034187317, -0.03999794274568558, 0.023309282958507538, -0.004496709909290075, -0.01712344028055668, -0.038254935294389725, 0.015131392516195774, 0.08167354762554169, -0.03813276067376137, -0.01947789266705513, 0.016380539163947105, 0.015038738027215004, 0.12011495232582092, 0.003508087946102023, 0.0806066021323204, 0.14693084359169006, -0.04847129061818123, -3.168573675316277e-33, 0.04618486016988754, -0.016777925193309784, -0.07378771156072617, -0.10833480954170227, 0.10585454106330872, 0.012043071910738945, 0.08329634368419647, -0.025163771584630013, -0.011979488655924797, -0.004413561429828405, 0.06912768632173538, -0.06852811574935913, -0.035034988075494766, 0.035415954887866974, 0.02828255482017994, -0.018082063645124435, -0.021614590659737587, 0.013919568620622158, -0.08049950003623962, -0.06326647847890854, 0.023231813684105873, 0.0021841092966496944, 0.06761472672224045, 0.07131202518939972, -0.09147245436906815, -0.016843825578689575, -0.034197848290205, -0.058389969170093536, 0.027307836338877678, -0.001296228263527155, 0.014742269180715084, 0.00024369695165660232, 0.008118678815662861, 0.08667408674955368, 0.024003196507692337, -0.06385679543018341, 0.021115202456712723, -0.06296487152576447, -0.08037379384040833, -0.008060128428041935, -0.013968437910079956, 0.08228053897619247, -0.02619680017232895, 0.028438495472073555, 0.05658108741044998, -0.013154062442481518, 0.03634227067232132, -0.09504283964633942, -0.050304919481277466, -0.007429251912981272, 0.02749371901154518, -0.04054468125104904, -0.025614624843001366, 0.05577782914042473, -0.0019332343945279717, -0.07159339636564255, -0.008702675811946392, -0.09226635098457336, -0.10056597739458084, 0.10365145653486252, 0.023386549204587936, 0.08084801584482193, 0.01711897738277912, -0.008171666413545609, -0.013445730321109295, -0.0016798297874629498, -0.03037693165242672, 0.0031781336292624474, -0.08257362246513367, 0.06162497401237488, -0.02689184434711933, -0.01925385557115078, -0.01297022681683302, -0.04498331621289253, -0.006457450799643993, -0.031784553080797195, -0.02971324510872364, 0.0035693279933184385, -0.05753770470619202, 0.025500740855932236, -0.03968510404229164, -0.07068708539009094, 0.016373423859477043, 0.06615369021892548, -0.013466482050716877, 0.03584638610482216, 0.00344045739620924, 0.08403977006673813, -0.013783590868115425, 0.053190868347883224, -0.035419072955846786, 0.00031761935679242015, -0.019675489515066147, 0.012655351310968399, 0.07109735906124115, -5.6838295847683185e-8, -0.05267006531357765, -0.0034331383649259806, -0.03358594328165054, -0.04837944358587265, -0.0023899513762444258, 0.005557862110435963, -0.07326244562864304, -0.015047144144773483, -0.05810766667127609, 0.05293123051524162, 0.032717522233724594, -0.03121067024767399, -0.08736711740493774, -0.0007164799608290195, 0.053352098912000656, -0.05089312791824341, 0.12539532780647278, 0.07311423867940903, 0.08595094829797745, -0.01254368294030428, 0.04234260693192482, 0.009137017652392387, -0.03929777815937996, -0.006775103975087404, -0.05545183643698692, 0.07946616411209106, -0.04607892781496048, 0.14648781716823578, -0.04163720831274986, 0.03928280621767044, 0.09682293236255646, -0.03936449810862541, 0.027280649170279503, -0.02996085211634636, -0.008778880350291729, 0.013343692757189274, 0.07241185754537582, -0.030776595696806908, 0.03575238585472107, 0.06039028242230415, -0.012469620443880558, -0.0069665564224123955, 0.04105924069881439, 0.07638338953256607, 0.02513384446501732, -0.06401222944259644, -0.045201707631349564, 0.023849163204431534, -0.00097814598120749, -0.05689964070916176, 0.09186011552810669, 0.006848406977951527, -0.07060961425304413, 0.019684923812747, -0.012150847353041172, 0.04773019254207611, 0.04661030322313309, -0.042187079787254333, -0.07363291829824448, -0.019189467653632164, 0.1252744346857071, 0.017034737393260002, -0.015568260103464127, 0.029215143993496895 ]
g alternative interventions or the control group. Due to high heterogeneity and a contrary effect between high RoB and some concerns RoB studieIs, we downgraded the results to reflect ‘low certainty of evidence’. ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Low ade Mindfulness 7 studies ( 21 , 56 , 61 , 64 – 66 , 70 ) All studies: -0.03 (95% CI -0.32–0.27); No outliers No significant effect was observed on mindfulness among supervisors engaged in occupational stress management interventions, in comparison to supervisors undergoing alternative int
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.864
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951059
[ 0.05170722305774689, -0.004685261752456427, 0.08097311109304428, 0.04911923035979271, 0.040184956043958664, -0.0475643053650856, 0.030808640643954277, -0.013857712037861347, -0.032313812524080276, -0.03057519532740116, 0.01867549680173397, -0.011024467647075653, -0.029998552054166794, -0.005551398266106844, 0.009478525258600712, -0.011257105506956577, 0.09579078108072281, 0.05371633917093277, -0.08435209095478058, 0.01657637022435665, -0.04957232624292374, 0.007234029937535524, 0.032897744327783585, 0.027157045900821686, -0.10337146371603012, 0.010526955127716064, -0.051684774458408356, -0.07681461423635483, 0.02142481319606304, 0.07232852280139923, -0.022135719656944275, 0.012986713089048862, -0.03047286719083786, 0.010685381479561329, -0.003986177034676075, 0.011169676668941975, 0.03786445036530495, 0.060723915696144104, 0.031083496287465096, -0.0009266830747947097, -0.03944765403866768, 0.005890225525945425, 0.015168949030339718, -0.07065752893686295, -0.05249669402837753, -0.041621919721364975, -0.002973792375996709, -0.08002433180809021, -0.08463597297668457, -0.07532601058483124, -0.02831018716096878, -0.030473053455352783, -0.012151506729424, -0.051306236535310745, -0.02136719785630703, -0.03865455090999603, 0.06367045640945435, 0.05943898856639862, -0.0020874720066785812, 0.07671932131052017, 0.03309264034032822, -0.03470652550458908, -0.07253187149763107, -0.03946433588862419, -0.017977260053157806, 0.041248075664043427, -0.03405139222741127, 0.016558052971959114, -0.05764700472354889, -0.05532308667898178, 0.034389883279800415, -0.08127336949110031, -0.05758203566074371, -0.03041827492415905, 0.0122850826010108, 0.005989676341414452, -0.08280327171087265, -0.00661873584613204, 0.08234822750091553, -0.010342412628233433, 0.047674842178821564, 0.030817152932286263, 0.03825289011001587, 0.034399546682834625, -0.02434852346777916, -0.12381652742624283, 0.006539833731949329, 0.04075183719396591, 0.05668412148952484, 0.10248096287250519, 0.09218131005764008, 0.03031628206372261, -0.10402940958738327, -0.011190519668161869, -0.024028977379202843, 0.02362207882106304, -0.12694181501865387, 0.0516565777361393, -0.09146963059902191, 0.0027213094290345907, 0.009614717215299606, 0.03619017452001572, -0.03615441918373108, 0.029046757146716118, -0.009404157288372517, 0.014445342123508453, 0.016477689146995544, -0.12330902367830276, -0.0015057525597512722, 0.011024181731045246, -0.052199412137269974, 0.0884033814072609, 0.012708043679594994, -0.06990838050842285, -0.05916646867990494, -0.04560365900397301, -0.06993542611598969, 0.049766138195991516, -0.021622702479362488, -0.011106492951512337, 0.09434758126735687, -0.039008978754282, 0.15240874886512756, 0.041632030159235, 0.056634753942489624, -0.03769191354513168, -0.020919136703014374, 1.6100863672647954e-33, 0.07793112099170685, -0.04711925983428955, 0.05829767510294914, -0.009318882599473, 0.061798132956027985, 0.02753881923854351, -0.06599497050046921, -0.06593215465545654, 0.054047610610723495, -0.02133423276245594, -0.019898472353816032, 0.027420857921242714, 0.029568254947662354, 0.01612561009824276, -0.08457319438457489, -0.006310082506388426, -0.04223473742604256, 0.05908454582095146, -0.019131887704133987, -0.0017984048463404179, -0.028135040774941444, 0.025535378605127335, -0.026197470724582672, 0.07261049747467041, -0.07236377149820328, 0.03378359228372574, 0.05894338712096214, -0.0014909128658473492, 0.030970551073551178, 0.026844877749681473, -0.03688220679759979, -0.006073490250855684, -0.0023469622246921062, 0.010520290583372116, -0.01871289499104023, 0.10099094361066818, -0.024035243317484856, -0.029374953359365463, 0.055375926196575165, -0.06878389418125153, 0.02164953574538231, 0.019068555906414986, 0.13070543110370636, -0.02728460729122162, 0.0029559582471847534, -0.003164957044646144, 0.05088038742542267, -0.07763554155826569, 0.0300139132887125, 0.044464901089668274, -0.013503600843250751, -0.025045348331332207, -0.005892970133572817, -0.009741351008415222, -0.10543128103017807, -0.01911410316824913, 0.0623290091753006, 0.09175428003072739, 0.004909760784357786, -0.001212569884955883, 0.002893601544201374, 0.03513062372803688, -0.1152958869934082, -0.009237895719707012, -0.012270646169781685, 0.024409860372543335, -0.07833515852689743, -0.07728385180234909, 0.0010090268915519118, 0.016897033900022507, -0.01798664778470993, 0.03812113776803017, 0.022859890013933182, 0.04855646938085556, 0.005503495689481497, -0.07911928743124008, -0.026574568822979927, 0.05002937838435173, -0.04703947901725769, -0.04157835990190506, 0.002490126295015216, 0.02230444923043251, -0.0358966700732708, 0.03312259912490845, -0.014558757655322552, -0.019014745950698853, -0.05931663140654564, 0.05408177152276039, -0.03661644086241722, 0.027802418917417526, 0.04914015531539917, 0.017309870570898056, 0.04272357374429703, 0.10302028059959412, -0.1184200644493103, -3.0650153780737185e-33, 0.01851360686123371, -0.031424734741449356, 0.05209843069314957, -0.050676919519901276, 0.07447903603315353, 0.02260117046535015, 0.03924774006009102, -0.05473003163933754, 0.012959985062479973, -0.004977525677531958, 0.06420569866895676, -0.03850008547306061, 0.06649773567914963, 0.07034093141555786, 0.0028093699365854263, -0.04896976798772812, -0.012031691148877144, -0.016343511641025543, -0.08288722485303879, -0.10378075391054153, 0.02211005426943302, -0.03584737330675125, 0.1144273579120636, 0.051934581249952316, -0.0039018122479319572, -0.004576913081109524, -0.005504082888364792, 0.10033966600894928, 0.03161424398422241, -0.054607000201940536, 0.004325363785028458, 0.0683557540178299, -0.02626979351043701, 0.08575278520584106, 0.0690314844250679, -0.0022045730147510767, 0.02678624913096428, -0.00522549357265234, -0.11600141227245331, 0.004502888768911362, -0.03254824876785278, 0.05087162181735039, 0.03154919296503067, 0.048309292644262314, 0.012977607548236847, 0.05745842680335045, -0.028226708993315697, -0.07176896929740906, -0.12402983754873276, -0.03265560790896416, 0.019265808165073395, -0.035491082817316055, -0.0540517121553421, 0.024803470820188522, 0.06657808274030685, -0.0013612386537715793, 0.03792707994580269, -0.1036452054977417, -0.10356437414884567, 0.009554573334753513, 0.009119904600083828, 0.044233281165361404, 0.02658500336110592, 0.027813047170639038, 0.02217925898730755, 0.0775662288069725, 0.005972618702799082, 0.02751537412405014, -0.03089539334177971, 0.05040639266371727, -0.00560950580984354, 0.008127477951347828, -0.01988462544977665, -0.10249850153923035, 0.000015017696568975225, 0.00117119075730443, -0.014078615233302116, -0.06609386205673218, -0.0181216299533844, -0.05903860926628113, -0.03396845981478691, -0.04654120281338692, 0.052895285189151764, 0.0257592611014843, -0.04535888507962227, 0.024407893419265747, -0.010125737637281418, 0.07039133459329605, -0.041353270411491394, 0.06771872937679291, -0.12006491422653198, -0.02268306165933609, 0.03474244102835655, 0.02336588129401207, 0.035839613527059555, -4.6933461561593504e-8, -0.03344859927892685, -0.0507238432765007, 0.021142736077308655, -0.02422144263982773, 0.02746378444135189, -0.044114239513874054, -0.04184576869010925, 0.029012905433773994, -0.08123563230037689, 0.05536705628037453, 0.06979533284902573, -0.12236835807561874, -0.031293708831071854, 0.00900572631508112, 0.0678371861577034, -0.08650829643011093, 0.07350624352693558, 0.018871495500206947, 0.03723595291376114, -0.040856633335351944, 0.08863076567649841, 0.015499213710427284, -0.030281128361821175, -0.05171895772218704, 0.0008063834393396974, 0.04604746773838997, -0.03157107159495354, 0.14108611643314362, -0.0469621978700161, 0.020478345453739166, 0.10314148664474487, -0.01638048142194748, -0.008999674580991268, -0.02212921902537346, -0.013933527283370495, -0.06165223941206932, 0.010957500897347927, -0.024694232270121574, 0.055597931146621704, 0.037204619497060776, -0.005246353801339865, 0.01920371875166893, 0.015578358434140682, 0.0765267089009285, -0.010623930022120476, -0.08118709176778793, -0.03160851448774338, 0.017707301303744316, 0.019623247906565666, -0.016571935266256332, 0.09770157188177109, 0.057585109025239944, -0.0061208042316138744, 0.012781376950442791, -0.018577678129076958, 0.014987627975642681, 0.04612009599804878, 0.009951413609087467, -0.07676179707050323, -0.05984223261475563, 0.09657500684261322, -0.004633266478776932, -0.05556260794401169, 0.015871306881308556 ]
mparison to supervisors undergoing alternative interventions or serving as the control group. Given the small sample size and high RoB in five studies, we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low’. ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Low bdf Mental health 12 studies ( 22 , 37 , 53 , 56 , 58 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 67 – 69 , 72 ) All studies: -0.38 (95% CI -0.69– -0.08)*; Without outliers (k=10): -0.21 (95% CI -0.41– -0.02)* A significant small-to-moderate effect on the improvement of mental health was observed among supervisors participatin
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.882
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951076
[ 0.09758520126342773, -0.03142600134015083, 0.006307459436357021, 0.048800624907016754, -0.011713676154613495, 0.1013774499297142, -0.02338021993637085, 0.06068912893533707, -0.04210743308067322, 0.022226784378290176, 0.07966768741607666, 0.03313351795077324, -0.004748234990984201, 0.03549901396036148, 0.017870182171463966, -0.02138013392686844, 0.10356263816356659, -0.00552706141024828, -0.056747350841760635, 0.07890526205301285, -0.1376652866601944, -0.0471615344285965, 0.05955946817994118, 0.03983810544013977, -0.07028205692768097, 0.016745878383517265, -0.048133280128240585, -0.12191424518823624, 0.027436155825853348, 0.11081960052251816, -0.012082511559128761, 0.0318928137421608, 0.015956543385982513, -0.020471522584557533, 0.06144332513213158, 0.05896693840622902, 0.041627705097198486, 0.11905165016651154, 0.03599654510617256, 0.031103160232305527, 0.012257847003638744, 0.03677413985133171, 0.04356561228632927, -0.07008501142263412, -0.0814179852604866, -0.0574435293674469, 0.014730737544596195, 0.016427945345640182, -0.0736585408449173, -0.07566855847835541, -0.039687298238277435, 0.03625424578785896, 0.0320969820022583, 0.03193232789635658, 0.013631255365908146, -0.08945093303918839, 0.07554653286933899, 0.0216628797352314, -0.0007856170414015651, 0.06074625998735428, -0.03669833764433861, 0.0014497003285214305, -0.03953627124428749, -0.03533705323934555, 0.02497963048517704, -0.013629107736051083, -0.07113470137119293, -0.04264304041862488, 0.008819839917123318, 0.0036258683539927006, -0.012988576665520668, -0.03581422567367554, -0.02950895018875599, -0.005894183646887541, 0.0029164827428758144, -0.013393479399383068, -0.04577579349279404, 0.00015924671606626362, 0.03245652839541435, -0.04618443548679352, 0.04488471522927284, -0.006463441997766495, 0.035518378019332886, 0.036007728427648544, -0.009732834994792938, -0.1151682436466217, 0.038473933935165405, -0.010398376733064651, -0.058541297912597656, 0.054329946637153625, 0.0560077503323555, 0.0923931673169136, -0.05721641704440117, -0.06346825510263443, -0.11478856205940247, -0.058209266513586044, -0.07062368094921112, 0.05832740664482117, -0.014332893304526806, 0.056029994040727615, -0.03151094913482666, 0.010488457977771759, -0.06016308814287186, -0.03452030569314957, -0.05774850398302078, 0.0018093390390276909, 0.0056085907854139805, -0.12621107697486877, 0.03401925414800644, 0.03286987915635109, -0.03927303105592728, 0.08799795806407928, -0.05037058889865875, -0.031677186489105225, -0.04144454002380371, 0.022286195307970047, -0.0443008728325367, 0.03255971521139145, -0.07708214223384857, 0.03383206948637962, 0.06015334278345108, -0.06587360799312592, 0.12534524500370026, 0.040932733565568924, 0.003547829343006015, 0.01464065257459879, -0.07749341428279877, -1.673506124201581e-33, 0.04761161282658577, -0.06730566173791885, 0.07748157531023026, -0.026167437434196472, 0.056980568915605545, 0.04684966057538986, 0.030758937820792198, -0.0769372507929802, 0.10470066964626312, -0.08454661816358566, 0.03992897644639015, -0.010341854766011238, 0.04316633194684982, 0.02256808988749981, -0.09521857649087906, -0.07656664401292801, -0.02117406763136387, 0.02479051612317562, -0.053740646690130234, -0.007210916373878717, -0.047850340604782104, -0.0015768230659887195, -0.02958693541586399, 0.017755070701241493, -0.019172117114067078, -0.028400802984833717, 0.05016392469406128, 0.06274597346782684, 0.02287936396896839, 0.04891526326537132, -0.017992084845900536, 0.03296728432178497, -0.05224156379699707, -0.022203924134373665, -0.050912778824567795, 0.05400045961141586, 0.029040971770882607, -0.08852332085371017, -0.011988800019025803, -0.10884374380111694, -0.029178865253925323, -0.01061596442013979, 0.08483320474624634, -0.04706438258290291, -0.015265373513102531, -0.020635394379496574, -0.00493681849911809, -0.1461879014968872, -0.03456667438149452, 0.09589605033397675, -0.04746294394135475, 0.000176043642568402, 0.028300603851675987, -0.056816015392541885, -0.036467522382736206, -0.05244482681155205, 0.02530304715037346, 0.018380912020802498, 0.02594684809446335, 0.003434297163039446, 0.07996032387018204, -0.0071566361002624035, -0.13541081547737122, -0.00226571480743587, 0.040576230734586716, -0.01124191377311945, 0.044980648905038834, -0.10494906455278397, 0.06668544560670853, -0.06230431795120239, -0.10217935591936111, 0.10116411000490189, 0.02166387252509594, 0.049794744700193405, -0.005836526397615671, -0.04456576704978943, -0.0038608943577855825, 0.010044531896710396, -0.011436195112764835, -0.04407142475247383, 0.0059028612449765205, 0.029472434893250465, -0.0042252023704349995, 0.006565548479557037, -0.005803974345326424, -0.005635099019855261, -0.016844818368554115, 0.04278247058391571, -0.023209521546959877, 0.0026843752712011337, 0.024228431284427643, -0.05744972825050354, 0.07056190818548203, 0.11574704200029373, -0.07620396465063095, -1.5884618629844732e-33, -0.0025956674944609404, 0.0034833578392863274, -0.006376397330313921, -0.017426174134016037, 0.02895408123731613, 0.023974670097231865, 0.07438448071479797, -0.1060330718755722, 0.03169107437133789, 0.02553364261984825, 0.04159747064113617, -0.0458458736538887, 0.04069820046424866, -0.014539800584316254, 0.012975050136446953, 0.0014231312088668346, 0.059701066464185715, -0.026134058833122253, -0.00900098867714405, -0.0995248556137085, 0.021190332248806953, 0.006124482490122318, 0.1222805380821228, 0.05930681526660919, -0.07912912964820862, -0.004968480207026005, 0.029942704364657402, 0.009128235280513763, -0.023287100717425346, 0.0027800961397588253, 0.01151060126721859, 0.03906255215406418, -0.04027119651436806, 0.043703075498342514, -0.020968375727534294, 0.018514038994908333, -0.05698299780488014, -0.053288791328668594, -0.08002831786870956, 0.039364878088235855, -0.029316065832972527, 0.0817621499300003, 0.027042562142014503, 0.009298643097281456, -0.04793323948979378, -0.026904718950390816, -0.0017688359366729856, -0.052815377712249756, -0.026602383702993393, -0.025996925309300423, -0.05866410583257675, -0.0007705135503783822, 0.006363649386912584, 0.03622765839099884, -0.0018959218868985772, -0.07994528859853745, 0.06093507632613182, -0.041712526232004166, -0.10219722241163254, 0.04804201424121857, 0.001371564227156341, 0.07555778324604034, -0.06698285788297653, 0.02105799689888954, 0.035611528903245926, 0.02364593744277954, -0.04019416868686676, 0.030346563085913658, 0.04500449448823929, -0.016568340361118317, -0.02940349467098713, -0.052313849329948425, 0.04874222353100777, -0.018536170944571495, 0.008264263160526752, -0.025229958817362785, -0.02836417220532894, -0.01950291357934475, -0.031517475843429565, 0.005116682965308428, -0.02178260125219822, -0.08342265337705612, -0.01272883266210556, -0.05322124436497688, 0.00667789438739419, -0.030991099774837494, 0.003439300926402211, 0.02549869380891323, 0.0008763876394368708, 0.036368176341056824, -0.049128953367471695, -0.0047694239765405655, 0.0441134013235569, -0.0031086376402527094, 0.04827140271663666, -5.178176110121058e-8, 0.025745611637830734, -0.025445761159062386, 0.07346248626708984, -0.007062733639031649, 0.06833736598491669, -0.01675817184150219, -0.0966307744383812, 0.008334965445101261, -0.04139422997832298, 0.0506003275513649, 0.07575806975364685, -0.10577097535133362, -0.023542998358607292, -0.07600028067827225, 0.055767085403203964, -0.05977325513958931, 0.0591021291911602, 0.03972925245761871, 0.021503183990716934, 0.030181365087628365, -0.0288983341306448, 0.00121583160944283, -0.039743442088365555, -0.045897480100393295, -0.020584706217050552, 0.06717503070831299, -0.036383211612701416, 0.10312031954526901, -0.08108042925596237, 0.05520273745059967, 0.09175660461187363, -0.003462809370830655, 0.004425693769007921, 0.002647397108376026, -0.04816169664263725, 0.0030435151420533657, -0.009384702891111374, -0.039144061505794525, 0.04064871743321419, 0.07278449833393097, 0.009665959514677525, 0.05357016623020172, 0.015966162085533142, 0.05171713978052139, -0.004978663753718138, 0.009956271387636662, -0.06241603195667267, 0.006503408774733543, 0.01281869225203991, -0.026334643363952637, 0.0834670141339302, 0.052639979869127274, -0.029808547347784042, 0.002861191052943468, -0.026167191565036774, 0.08056528866291046, 0.055126436054706573, -0.014661526307463646, -0.08319781720638275, -0.07453057169914246, 0.06919566541910172, 0.07115563005208969, 0.013343949802219868, 0.045007169246673584 ]
health was observed among supervisors participating in occupational stress management interventions compared to a control group or alternative intervention. After excluding outliers, the significant effect persisted. Considering that 50% of the included studies had a high RoB, along with moderate 95% confidence intervals across all studies and substantial heterogeneity, we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low’.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.684
0.814
["management"]
422
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951099
[ 0.054432082921266556, 0.040003206580877304, 0.051187943667173386, 0.15070122480392456, 0.03229084610939026, 0.010587718337774277, -0.015536502003669739, 0.0605648010969162, -0.08684214949607849, -0.0211509820073843, 0.054777029901742935, -0.027626005932688713, -0.005160774569958448, -0.01914028450846672, 0.002557751489803195, 0.015174932777881622, 0.10336823761463165, 0.010671955533325672, -0.04310162365436554, 0.008706171996891499, -0.07024779170751572, -0.003991882316768169, 0.055472660809755325, 0.04487503692507744, -0.06766139715909958, 0.017032194882631302, -0.04157568886876106, -0.02144036628305912, -0.0013838716549798846, 0.0896962583065033, -0.03704069182276726, -0.0044044856913387775, -0.021045183762907982, -0.015182146802544594, -0.014261477626860142, -0.027545016258955002, 0.06919464468955994, 0.06542136520147324, -0.00936372671276331, 0.0525689423084259, -0.03749588876962662, 0.030502349138259888, 0.025370055809617043, -0.04501233994960785, -0.08007475733757019, -0.003456470323726535, 0.015304777771234512, -0.039120592176914215, -0.08196128904819489, 0.0031774616800248623, -0.007442140951752663, 0.014020989648997784, 0.0657346174120903, -0.03036751225590706, 0.02095584198832512, -0.0839991644024849, 0.07399789243936539, -0.03562694042921066, 0.0006912355311214924, 0.05969350412487984, 0.02518780715763569, -0.03148927539587021, -0.05536032095551491, 0.007257524877786636, 0.03501904383301735, 0.020115656778216362, -0.054035816341638565, -0.04397735744714737, -0.024707121774554253, -0.029550187289714813, -0.005374292377382517, -0.10573987662792206, -0.0478011853992939, 0.04338601976633072, 0.033428043127059937, 0.019657928496599197, -0.07372251898050308, -0.028163274750113487, 0.05244746059179306, -0.00005394974141381681, 0.04342910274863243, 0.0323280394077301, 0.05186996981501579, 0.019077256321907043, -0.05257119610905647, -0.0724325031042099, 0.038398608565330505, -0.0032143269199877977, -0.02729012630879879, 0.07311609387397766, 0.09894322603940964, -0.017139868810772896, -0.053351905196905136, -0.00022432938567362726, -0.021971775218844414, 0.027352334931492805, -0.09315081685781479, 0.07204480469226837, -0.05487293377518654, 0.005360794719308615, 0.019825056195259094, -0.01945577934384346, -0.05427306517958641, 0.00016021582996472716, -0.03777620941400528, -0.02883191965520382, -0.002359124831855297, -0.15875858068466187, 0.009533614851534367, 0.06508783996105194, -0.004356134682893753, 0.07751725614070892, -0.007663827855139971, -0.08480720221996307, -0.01418324001133442, -0.030004536733031273, -0.044414423406124115, -0.0007744207396171987, -0.07665789872407913, 0.07637923210859299, 0.09496567398309708, -0.023542141541838646, 0.0840999186038971, 0.03930175304412842, 0.02164790965616703, 0.04535989090800285, -0.019594956189393997, 1.8104414815097847e-33, 0.104230597615242, -0.02276461385190487, 0.022805066779255867, 0.03337030112743378, 0.059147726744413376, 0.018883857876062393, -0.03752575442194939, -0.0507158488035202, 0.08539080619812012, -0.05365757271647453, -0.010083293542265892, 0.025676269084215164, 0.004721103701740503, -0.04114507883787155, -0.07998505979776382, 0.001831184490583837, 0.006489787250757217, 0.1011536568403244, -0.03281303867697716, 0.06912323832511902, -0.07454581558704376, -0.03801931068301201, -0.057897839695215225, 0.0462486632168293, -0.09896805137395859, 0.04095702990889549, 0.029156677424907684, 0.0009328016894869506, 0.05497848987579346, 0.005406023934483528, -0.03056013584136963, -0.005388300865888596, -0.008836505003273487, -0.042193152010440826, 0.0028248955495655537, 0.07303076237440109, -0.007097219582647085, -0.014314807020127773, -0.02070111408829689, -0.0984729528427124, -0.03954631835222244, -0.02893572300672531, 0.09875426441431046, -0.008514005690813065, 0.037256862968206406, -0.08376764506101608, -0.02433237060904503, -0.11460676789283752, -0.05764921382069588, 0.040769126266241074, -0.04563681781291962, 0.011149185709655285, 0.03670002147555351, -0.04178420454263687, -0.032413776963949203, -0.025691932067275047, 0.026116227731108665, -0.029922135174274445, -0.009312938898801804, 0.07198511064052582, 0.02613741159439087, 0.05250285565853119, -0.11157608032226562, 0.023141350597143173, 0.05055130645632744, -0.004273172002285719, 0.022196343168616295, -0.05828194320201874, -0.04423094168305397, 0.004884683061391115, -0.02264939621090889, 0.05609245225787163, -0.017878791317343712, 0.008798407390713692, -0.03836653754115105, -0.023989681154489517, -0.024241186678409576, 0.01691054366528988, -0.08051108568906784, -0.048463933169841766, 0.0248925369232893, -0.02706274390220642, -0.021713126450777054, -0.029132142663002014, 0.011780665256083012, 0.016630729660391808, -0.004015173297375441, 0.02990623749792576, -0.02708812616765499, 0.008358906954526901, 0.036691006273031235, -0.009244680404663086, 0.041867535561323166, 0.12693093717098236, -0.062494464218616486, -4.4229892474848346e-33, 0.01671951822936535, -0.01885983720421791, 0.03759203851222992, -0.11334570497274399, 0.0944540947675705, 0.02716820500791073, 0.04499322548508644, -0.08102726936340332, 0.020768307149410248, -0.039915040135383606, 0.07068837434053421, -0.09019928425550461, 0.018819838762283325, 0.01916171982884407, 0.05122971162199974, 0.004880080930888653, -0.0028995713219046593, -0.017501169815659523, -0.041564445942640305, -0.0980316773056984, 0.03638480603694916, -0.060984548181295395, 0.10315972566604614, 0.08709148317575455, -0.09676265716552734, 0.004788375925272703, -0.0610865093767643, 0.05484480410814285, -0.007309157866984606, -0.017344683408737183, -0.041663043200969696, 0.010885143652558327, 0.02349218912422657, 0.09017582982778549, 0.028634918853640556, 0.0067717223428189754, 0.005880312994122505, -0.00744611257687211, -0.05830514058470726, 0.009808343835175037, 0.01019555889070034, 0.10296386480331421, -0.017006447538733482, 0.02172686532139778, 0.030014708638191223, -0.004182256292551756, -0.02495637722313404, -0.12876379489898682, -0.0868389755487442, -0.025577163323760033, 0.015004739165306091, -0.02198171056807041, -0.04485267028212547, 0.032582029700279236, -0.024160070344805717, -0.03514949977397919, 0.021734101697802544, -0.13963179290294647, -0.09293906390666962, 0.04660294950008392, -0.011104595847427845, 0.08533426374197006, -0.037834882736206055, 0.04433411732316017, 0.028327681124210358, 0.008050184696912766, -0.004840627778321505, -0.04094903916120529, -0.06441333889961243, 0.022466478869318962, -0.07980286329984665, 0.004501712508499622, 0.026859452947974205, -0.07774903625249863, 0.00948959682136774, -0.014387143775820732, -0.016959810629487038, -0.010101779364049435, -0.06617230921983719, 0.04304920509457588, -0.018924329429864883, -0.06280853599309921, 0.07717025279998779, 0.05410649627447128, -0.06141258776187897, 0.04590560123324394, -0.03599091246724129, 0.04117143899202347, -0.023574993014335632, 0.04966382682323456, -0.07505252212285995, -0.03043193928897381, 0.023143228143453598, -0.045903369784355164, 0.03439762815833092, -4.868046943329318e-8, -0.028639381751418114, 0.032018598169088364, 0.06399542093276978, -0.023429319262504578, 0.01831309124827385, -0.019418109208345413, -0.07608836889266968, 0.03970098868012428, -0.010237429291009903, 0.0422622486948967, 0.05320604145526886, -0.06683073937892914, -0.02095891535282135, -0.032790035009384155, 0.08829659223556519, -0.0805816799402237, 0.07851959764957428, 0.06726837158203125, 0.04606639966368675, 0.00264680664986372, 0.08511506766080856, -0.005803865380585194, -0.013331861235201359, -0.01974887028336525, -0.006962945219129324, 0.0780617743730545, -0.061808716505765915, 0.13536888360977173, -0.03890442103147507, 0.09146970510482788, 0.04506506398320198, -0.03859300911426544, -0.011179576627910137, -0.03526349365711212, -0.045648254454135895, -0.05079011619091034, 0.04066784679889679, -0.059490304440259933, 0.03120388276875019, 0.044241733849048615, -0.04171436280012131, 0.03502751141786575, 0.006316999904811382, 0.06857194751501083, 0.0004377202712930739, -0.05161809176206589, -0.037629324942827225, 0.019854089245200157, 0.02473892644047737, -0.10688000172376633, 0.04916391149163246, 0.026209775358438492, 0.009544898755848408, 0.04855165630578995, -0.04118988290429115, 0.045452769845724106, 0.04659491032361984, 0.0011127942707389593, -0.14558227360248566, -0.07942833751440048, 0.09210143238306046, 0.007351613137871027, -0.0038652645889669657, 0.05281678959727287 ]
we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low’. ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Low ade Work-related outcomes 5 studies ( 20 , 56 , 67 , 68 , 72 ) All studies: -0.68 (95% CI -1.84–0.48); Without outliers (k=4): -0.32 (95% CI -0.63– -0.00)* Without outliers, a small significant effect on the improvement of work-related outcomes was observed among supervisors participating in occupational stress management interventions, in comparison to supervisors in the control group or those undergoing alternative interventions.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.699
0.7
["management"]
494
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951121
[ 0.0033979869913309813, 0.008004033006727695, 0.05327537655830383, 0.11937984079122543, 0.010360166430473328, -0.010989179834723473, 0.008206602185964584, 0.07806265354156494, -0.05567542463541031, -0.028942318633198738, 0.02702699601650238, 0.018326682969927788, -0.03198493272066116, 0.031009076163172722, -0.006242832168936729, 0.006407182663679123, 0.09021786600351334, 0.030376115813851357, -0.060130633413791656, -0.04529554024338722, -0.03465426713228226, -0.006450289860367775, 0.0052044084295630455, 0.020882459357380867, -0.04159029573202133, -0.03007575310766697, -0.06266951560974121, -0.006775049027055502, -0.004069797694683075, 0.06920559704303741, -0.01865115761756897, -0.027668597176671028, 0.00296655111014843, -0.04127248376607895, -0.0016478017205372453, 0.0040512396954, 0.09959472715854645, 0.07667815685272217, 0.02844272367656231, 0.03313669562339783, -0.008057191967964172, 0.06395862996578217, 0.04009164497256279, -0.041129447519779205, -0.0958927571773529, -0.04199962690472603, 0.007656214293092489, -0.08764772117137909, -0.09837450832128525, -0.03639945015311241, -0.015313353389501572, 0.004794925916939974, 0.059851035475730896, -0.03881420940160751, -0.002103445352986455, -0.021018296480178833, 0.08671476691961288, -0.019231226295232773, 0.014761620201170444, 0.04837546870112419, 0.0298412274569273, -0.026443935930728912, -0.07902515679597855, -0.02290739119052887, 0.025154532864689827, 0.008772017434239388, -0.02355687879025936, -0.05819708853960037, -0.05956369265913963, -0.010854297317564487, -0.009305022656917572, -0.07088563591241837, -0.0679522380232811, 0.0687648355960846, 0.02689877338707447, 0.020196976140141487, -0.09438087791204453, -0.026102356612682343, 0.0358496829867363, -0.010698393918573856, 0.08083489537239075, -0.007305425591766834, -0.011910376138985157, 0.025152957066893578, -0.014304986223578453, -0.09877504408359528, 0.006678561680018902, -0.01789034530520439, 0.0339866504073143, 0.04902912303805351, 0.08473273366689682, 0.005759206600487232, -0.09785501658916473, 0.04398896172642708, -0.033196136355400085, -0.04264263063669205, 0.010701971128582954, 0.10635993629693985, -0.06582212448120117, 0.03598598390817642, -0.002790895290672779, 0.019276373088359833, -0.05618678778409958, 0.030209969729185104, -0.004349849186837673, -0.029434554278850555, -0.0006736268405802548, -0.1126573234796524, 0.02575717866420746, 0.05155225098133087, -0.010562170296907425, 0.04157952591776848, 0.022515589371323586, -0.05883617326617241, -0.0825512632727623, -0.014926125295460224, -0.06613054126501083, 0.030802151188254356, -0.07715645432472229, 0.06435093283653259, 0.06602195650339127, 0.0070436629466712475, 0.07960345596075058, 0.022798901423811913, 0.03849059343338013, 0.01328466646373272, -0.027815068140625954, -7.590978849045547e-34, 0.11255484074354172, -0.007020288612693548, 0.04459807276725769, 0.043271686881780624, 0.05729134380817413, -0.017223700881004333, -0.05645880848169327, -0.05954951047897339, 0.15526720881462097, -0.0051604872569441795, -0.04440077766776085, 0.030073434114456177, 0.01444196980446577, 0.004792801570147276, -0.07633847743272781, 0.01648128218948841, 0.008441274054348469, 0.05621814727783203, -0.0828593447804451, 0.07347869127988815, -0.0857941284775734, -0.07587399333715439, -0.0814422219991684, 0.01901668682694435, -0.08922651410102844, 0.017322413623332977, 0.04675143212080002, -0.03992500156164169, -0.006723233964294195, -0.00442860322073102, -0.03958917409181595, -0.014232763089239597, 0.022929102182388306, -0.04003415256738663, -0.01582438498735428, 0.06260579079389572, -0.03618212044239044, -0.03024294041097164, 0.05182735621929169, -0.04624256119132042, -0.032194945961236954, -0.02541092224419117, 0.09945544600486755, -0.03646574914455414, 0.062223657965660095, -0.040824610739946365, 0.01943645067512989, -0.1081625446677208, -0.00751979136839509, 0.05901109799742699, -0.009612295776605606, -0.00761366356164217, 0.04489211365580559, -0.027995754033327103, -0.040386416018009186, -0.009362871758639812, 0.033873025327920914, -0.021435342729091644, 0.020873166620731354, 0.08336706459522247, 0.02586321160197258, 0.025870775803923607, -0.13314515352249146, 0.023336786776781082, 0.03269336000084877, 0.037341903895139694, 0.00905852671712637, -0.08810572326183319, -0.0038700485602021217, -0.01052961777895689, -0.026018889620900154, 0.05201501026749611, 0.023864489048719406, -0.009432310238480568, -0.006636239122599363, 0.02136262319982052, -0.00520050385966897, -0.01810438558459282, -0.06153831630945206, -0.08839303255081177, -0.019062599167227745, -0.028891190886497498, 0.027251454070210457, -0.026423564180731773, 0.05535576492547989, 0.0302103441208601, -0.03855396434664726, 0.06095797196030617, -0.0042425487190485, -0.0005327840335667133, 0.05740072950720787, -0.030482565984129906, -0.01154602225869894, 0.09278148412704468, -0.04664624109864235, -1.6130394294792518e-33, -0.05410541966557503, 0.005751464981585741, 0.004786037374287844, -0.14009280502796173, 0.09407919645309448, 0.05304373428225517, 0.06916787475347519, -0.040781281888484955, 0.02190166898071766, -0.007123272866010666, 0.07623115926980972, -0.08313004672527313, -0.009368383325636387, 0.0315324068069458, 0.050181224942207336, -0.003891479456797242, -0.0498623363673687, 0.009419670328497887, -0.01904454082250595, -0.0490046925842762, 0.06112886592745781, -0.01958945021033287, 0.08841457962989807, 0.0967559665441513, -0.007089638616889715, -0.030010925605893135, -0.023341316729784012, 0.02755565382540226, -0.005656862165778875, -0.03866806998848915, -0.010329421609640121, 0.018968181684613228, 0.02156548574566841, 0.10862132906913757, 0.0497310571372509, -0.01603751815855503, 0.014971978031098843, -0.04154419153928757, -0.08082081377506256, 0.0046839406713843346, -0.04994073510169983, 0.08946506679058075, -0.0076695699244737625, 0.030385639518499374, 0.019100632518529892, 0.034637920558452606, -0.00424266466870904, -0.10817444324493408, -0.08221499621868134, -0.006475221365690231, 0.03488769009709358, -0.045521169900894165, -0.015647219493985176, 0.03356451913714409, -0.031137283891439438, -0.06279120594263077, 0.04681054502725601, -0.10679595172405243, -0.11757365614175797, 0.09157884865999222, 0.019015854224562645, 0.07729490101337433, 0.008691294118762016, 0.07143093645572662, 0.007196832913905382, 0.02625954896211624, -0.04552998021245003, -0.005276357755064964, -0.047258079051971436, 0.03020356595516205, -0.04614086076617241, -0.018539726734161377, -0.014445280656218529, -0.07105492800474167, 0.022937335073947906, -0.022178472951054573, -0.022681497037410736, 0.03397728502750397, -0.03850627318024635, 0.036117538809776306, -0.05788310989737511, -0.034609951078891754, 0.06015944108366966, 0.051708731800317764, -0.026615960523486137, 0.06614092737436295, -0.046400029212236404, 0.006767198443412781, -0.012498934753239155, 0.05459729954600334, -0.10926716774702072, -0.015426451340317726, 0.0410306490957737, -0.0235590897500515, 0.03916412591934204, -5.473686925938637e-8, -0.0017985161393880844, 0.014338137581944466, 0.035265423357486725, -0.07260666787624359, -0.03293552249670029, -0.03318307548761368, -0.08818506449460983, 0.047680292278528214, -0.023162750527262688, 0.01526846457272768, 0.06171904131770134, -0.09314035624265671, -0.052492935210466385, -0.016524316743016243, 0.09665966033935547, -0.03960942476987839, 0.0445600301027298, 0.0782882496714592, 0.037462055683135986, -0.014731723815202713, 0.10946566611528397, 0.013373629190027714, -0.034553851932287216, -0.040123943239450455, 0.003348895348608494, 0.04648500308394432, 0.01275864988565445, 0.17298661172389984, -0.027954136952757835, 0.02307249791920185, 0.06707596033811569, -0.025830766186118126, -0.0000919878002605401, -0.04882940649986267, -0.025301391258835793, -0.03343477100133896, 0.05197223275899887, -0.05946663022041321, -0.018331101164221764, 0.0820537880063057, -0.03151518851518631, 0.004552473314106464, 0.027027297765016556, 0.05417979136109352, 0.02132882922887802, -0.027940841391682625, -0.044189974665641785, 0.014123390428721905, 0.03414594382047653, -0.10625547915697098, 0.0309391301125288, 0.024834245443344116, -0.0029391800053417683, -0.00488872779533267, -0.06408733129501343, 0.03584776073694229, 0.028695382177829742, -0.008813361637294292, -0.1365010142326355, -0.07220441102981567, 0.1323637068271637, 0.015960853546857834, 0.04076876863837242, 0.03446266055107117 ]
up or those undergoing alternative interventions. Since 50% of the included studies had a high RoB, moderate 95% confidence intervals across all studies, high heterogeneity, as well as indications of publication bias, we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘very low’. ⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low bdfi Leadership-related outcomes 6 studies ( 21 , 62 , 65 , 66 , 69 , 70 ) All studies: -1.16 (95% CI -3.42–1.10); Without outliers (k=5): -0.23 (95% CI -0.44– -0.02)* Without outliers, a small significant effect on the impro
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.72
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951141
[ 0.03557199984788895, 0.04723089188337326, -0.0035817890893667936, 0.04766646772623062, 0.023088978603482246, -0.0395682230591774, -0.07883068174123764, 0.10815048217773438, -0.002511550672352314, 0.04278218001127243, 0.04999198764562607, -0.0013046970125287771, 0.0521676242351532, -0.009014956653118134, 0.0015193773433566093, -0.034895095974206924, 0.02159980870783329, -0.007165883667767048, -0.11771182715892792, 0.014017720706760883, -0.10860437154769897, 0.033681705594062805, 0.07897472381591797, 0.07791312038898468, -0.06071356311440468, -0.052121445536613464, -0.047574207186698914, -0.03342811390757561, -0.004571607802063227, 0.023040644824504852, -0.028515003621578217, 0.049228496849536896, 0.019043028354644775, -0.007382264826446772, -0.03139923885464668, -0.00004024516965728253, 0.05051567032933235, 0.08579851686954498, 0.04170478507876396, -0.015575586818158627, 0.02704920992255211, -0.01264374703168869, 0.019901234656572342, -0.018417486920952797, -0.07335696369409561, -0.051395244896411896, -0.0465235561132431, -0.02744821272790432, -0.05753418430685997, -0.008978188037872314, -0.06174164265394211, 0.041662465780973434, 0.06414022296667099, 0.0505501963198185, 0.015590829774737358, -0.020505182445049286, -0.06374303996562958, -0.01931304670870304, 0.06839428842067719, 0.007548593450337648, -0.02489139698445797, 0.006873776204884052, -0.027748987078666687, 0.011536825448274612, 0.018259556964039803, 0.059629712253808975, -0.024284834042191505, -0.07890316843986511, 0.007352277170866728, 0.030639659613370895, 0.09910116344690323, -0.047091566026210785, -0.06196259334683418, 0.000007156038464017911, 0.025665896013379097, 0.008812036365270615, -0.01636986806988716, 0.017736133188009262, 0.018792718648910522, -0.015523985959589481, 0.07266078889369965, 0.01748863235116005, 0.00008950535266194493, 0.09112780541181564, 0.017963392660021782, -0.07473371177911758, 0.04198349267244339, -0.052279334515333176, -0.12344498932361603, 0.06698326021432877, 0.0552913174033165, 0.029896659776568413, -0.054904431104660034, -0.020616892725229263, -0.06850302964448929, 0.04646557569503784, -0.018106848001480103, -0.050846099853515625, -0.053098294883966446, 0.05816998705267906, -0.07349234819412231, -0.04459729790687561, -0.05322078987956047, -0.05817214027047157, -0.06948837637901306, -0.054066773504018784, 0.09279562532901764, -0.09031315892934799, -0.0204763263463974, 0.026889553293585777, 0.04030270874500275, -0.029250774532556534, 0.004581247456371784, 0.0361243300139904, 0.03634955361485481, -0.01666835881769657, -0.01972603052854538, 0.06177428737282753, -0.01463237963616848, -0.025350792333483696, 0.046231094747781754, 0.004280179738998413, 0.0653647929430008, 0.008936419151723385, -0.03936333954334259, 0.016698617488145828, -0.06794270128011703, 3.272395173090825e-33, 0.06542805582284927, 0.013939309865236282, -0.014433596283197403, 0.04569656029343605, 0.05069836974143982, 0.01399738434702158, 0.0008408346329815686, -0.06959763169288635, 0.0390392541885376, 0.012168759480118752, 0.036525435745716095, 0.02598854899406433, 0.02058398723602295, -0.001698805601336062, -0.06279492378234863, 0.04399203136563301, 0.0369175560772419, 0.04995463788509369, -0.07459180057048798, 0.02536802552640438, 0.07643313705921173, 0.014473814517259598, -0.03097265399992466, -0.08867263048887253, -0.015956705436110497, 0.02154231257736683, 0.012290346436202526, 0.020294610410928726, -0.056854330003261566, 0.020486287772655487, -0.03826819732785225, -0.015958156436681747, -0.03550496697425842, -0.08608418703079224, -0.0665542408823967, 0.04002118855714798, -0.02654559351503849, -0.031326036900281906, -0.03494222089648247, 0.03781857714056969, -0.053032536059617996, 0.027092264965176582, -0.02800573594868183, -0.04177740588784218, 0.08000244945287704, -0.014566241763532162, 0.016660328954458237, -0.13617585599422455, -0.0184157844632864, 0.06541857868432999, -0.11346115916967392, 0.04178844764828682, 0.06262949854135513, -0.056884922087192535, -0.016615556553006172, 0.02516590990126133, 0.03593263030052185, -0.0012949397787451744, 0.014489387162029743, -0.002497704466804862, 0.09197530895471573, 0.03894734010100365, -0.16874977946281433, 0.05118532106280327, 0.026978079229593277, -0.034094665199518204, -0.0404837392270565, -0.08546238392591476, 0.027499647811055183, -0.044351834803819656, -0.008398729376494884, -0.00952073372900486, -0.02039145678281784, -0.03596122935414314, -0.00396719528362155, 0.02165522612631321, 0.03844384104013443, 0.030023077502846718, 0.05615221709012985, -0.020089762285351753, -0.014848640188574791, -0.050076212733983994, 0.0695454552769661, 0.0099320188164711, 0.002481956733390689, 0.039087001234292984, 0.019969811663031578, 0.01993473432958126, 0.019862841814756393, -0.018790068104863167, 0.07148932665586472, -0.10005313903093338, -0.03543742001056671, 0.0398094467818737, -0.06433329731225967, -4.267752728831274e-33, -0.019214140251278877, 0.020190421491861343, 0.11031685024499893, -0.05716067552566528, 0.06384525448083878, 0.09990003705024719, 0.08952045440673828, -0.070444755256176, 0.057166606187820435, -0.05498819425702095, 0.04727756232023239, 0.015473972074687481, -0.0048667388036847115, 0.007841545157134533, 0.10193482041358948, -0.05457324907183647, 0.02106039971113205, -0.04322456195950508, -0.04464579373598099, -0.03283717483282089, 0.1009177714586258, 0.02594413235783577, 0.05064782872796059, 0.10251537710428238, -0.04101492464542389, 0.0036945072934031487, -0.0014064523857086897, 0.03703749179840088, -0.10886941105127335, -0.07942917943000793, 0.05780439078807831, 0.03029557690024376, -0.03919753059744835, -0.0075658708810806274, -0.003100288100540638, -0.012128302827477455, -0.06856751441955566, 0.004656531848013401, -0.07925458997488022, -0.013406340032815933, -0.0458826906979084, 0.03300574794411659, -0.023927459493279457, -0.08652041107416153, -0.054943881928920746, 0.024027302861213684, -0.026820024475455284, -0.061657264828681946, 0.06343673914670944, 0.04537532106041908, -0.0705595389008522, 0.072207972407341, -0.0156515184789896, 0.07116694748401642, 0.026248978450894356, -0.08369911462068558, 0.04807373881340027, -0.015159353613853455, -0.06517999619245529, 0.1215704083442688, -0.011195061728358269, 0.0652671530842781, -0.03251685947179794, -0.0074569955468177795, 0.008650423027575016, 0.049073927104473114, 0.025052402168512344, -0.03696592152118683, 0.06161347031593323, 0.0007929416606202722, -0.016460953280329704, -0.10190265625715256, -0.023884037509560585, -0.04458039253950119, -0.0092130396515131, 0.02617397904396057, -0.064711794257164, -0.0425974503159523, -0.008282782509922981, -0.0019496147288009524, -0.01712142489850521, -0.09193158894777298, -0.03298346698284149, -0.05070360004901886, -0.04052331671118736, 0.008464416489005089, 0.03182465583086014, -0.06540349125862122, 0.040573060512542725, 0.007066189311444759, 0.016963478177785873, -0.06298583000898361, 0.010577148757874966, -0.036970000714063644, 0.003907518927007914, -5.2963624597168746e-8, 0.009245981462299824, 0.048613522201776505, 0.020279955118894577, 0.04075324535369873, 0.028678935021162033, 0.011603599414229393, -0.09003819525241852, 0.001786589971743524, -0.02803098037838936, 0.03167951479554176, -0.012191355228424072, -0.09796816110610962, 0.0013267495669424534, -0.0405285470187664, 0.057346902787685394, -0.01495430525392294, 0.07002914696931839, 0.03067542240023613, 0.009455153718590736, -0.07775536924600601, 0.0014742766506969929, 0.010568679310381413, -0.05706017091870308, -0.07600037008523941, 0.01417809072881937, 0.05131132900714874, -0.043131597340106964, 0.10096659511327744, -0.0033038011752068996, 0.031774017959833145, 0.0319058895111084, -0.009128056466579437, 0.013457040302455425, 0.04309391975402832, 0.012874024920165539, 0.06345848739147186, 0.0690414160490036, 0.008369618095457554, -0.06539177149534225, 0.012430869042873383, 0.048141561448574066, -0.018037009984254837, 0.048054590821266174, 0.054759398102760315, -0.03952191770076752, 0.010349920019507408, -0.06888716667890549, 0.09588941931724548, 0.043282534927129745, -0.08557847142219543, 0.07639903575181961, 0.03537392243742943, 0.017651965841650963, 0.03824220970273018, -0.0688856840133667, 0.12891192734241486, 0.03968582674860954, 0.04929031804203987, -0.10633949190378189, -0.0492064505815506, 0.18478530645370483, -0.06984134763479233, -0.03443580120801926, 0.0011529630282893777 ]
outliers, a small significant effect on the improvement of leadership-related outcomes was observed among supervisors compared to a control group or alternative intervention. Due to 50% of the included studies exhibiting a high RoB, a moderate 95% confidence interval, substantial heterogeneity, and indications of publication bias, we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘very low’. ⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low bdfi Subcategory level outcomes Psychological Stress: Perceived stress 5 studies ( 54 , 56 , 62 , 67 , 70 ) A
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.86
["leadership"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951188
[ 0.05908501520752907, 0.04127388074994087, -0.0144901592284441, 0.10322105139493942, 0.035030547529459, -0.003508988069370389, -0.06898708641529083, 0.024601126089692116, -0.042352985590696335, -0.0019810586236417294, 0.016531657427549362, -0.0006570155383087695, 0.03296837955713272, -0.03215981274843216, 0.017573216930031776, -0.04407882317900658, 0.03638806939125061, 0.021771332249045372, -0.07575375586748123, -0.04394795745611191, -0.09203791618347168, -0.02625749446451664, 0.011321164667606354, 0.05530580133199692, -0.06612541526556015, -0.016482217237353325, -0.04420442134141922, -0.06589771807193756, 0.005604227539151907, 0.00909788440912962, -0.040766391903162, -0.022947654128074646, -0.002490123501047492, -0.02631724439561367, 0.01068919524550438, 0.004296325147151947, 0.06060256436467171, 0.08004318177700043, 0.011373334564268589, 0.02418774738907814, -0.007143238093703985, 0.015719791874289513, 0.019420111551880836, -0.044054415076971054, -0.08595596998929977, -0.04605787619948387, -0.041177328675985336, -0.03175611048936844, -0.10603111237287521, -0.055002935230731964, -0.001563639030791819, 0.020806971937417984, 0.05272216349840164, -0.010875692591071129, 0.056512415409088135, -0.02716570347547531, 0.06646721810102463, -0.020789900794625282, 0.0759139433503151, 0.016787506639957428, -0.020861435681581497, 0.0000449026410933584, -0.05817031487822533, 0.01392283570021391, 0.018721846863627434, 0.04880082979798317, -0.07376991957426071, -0.05767892673611641, -0.04271542653441429, -0.02301335521042347, 0.06876876205205917, -0.08948083966970444, -0.006619901396334171, 0.016505906358361244, 0.0437273271381855, 0.000537296524271369, -0.03654604032635689, 0.0030693497974425554, 0.040421269834041595, 0.07352665811777115, 0.10202809423208237, 0.01488784234970808, -0.010721252299845219, 0.07265963405370712, -0.037622518837451935, -0.11086492240428925, 0.09755189716815948, -0.033406369388103485, -0.07145386934280396, 0.09004677087068558, 0.10475964099168777, 0.012180306948721409, -0.0425586923956871, -0.012062732130289078, -0.11889912188053131, 0.021208111196756363, -0.09024439007043839, 0.03529449179768562, -0.052485208958387375, -0.014292881824076176, -0.0024723652750253677, -0.045333381742239, -0.05025168135762215, 0.0029265445191413164, -0.053665269166231155, -0.051972419023513794, 0.04985582083463669, -0.12369313836097717, -0.023046394810080528, 0.02381983771920204, -0.039308421313762665, 0.01432094071060419, -0.001823383616283536, -0.07739396393299103, 0.02303938940167427, -0.024145863950252533, -0.07056291401386261, 0.09166908264160156, -0.058609090745449066, -0.014284034259617329, 0.12166044861078262, -0.0006493909750133753, 0.09761597216129303, 0.010054239071905613, -0.00433683255687356, 0.02461087889969349, -0.07188771665096283, 7.086015863291063e-34, 0.09878350794315338, 0.03340859338641167, -0.022087855264544487, 0.04307831451296806, 0.0661354511976242, 0.045516736805438995, -0.0047088018618524075, -0.011088861152529716, 0.04853874444961548, -0.018791597336530685, 0.006910499185323715, -0.008202573284506798, -0.02481764554977417, -0.014701577834784985, -0.06291309744119644, 0.006462624296545982, -0.0004309786600060761, 0.076134093105793, -0.06124437600374222, 0.03470078855752945, -0.03129532188177109, 0.0010015424340963364, -0.025735339149832726, -0.03228257596492767, -0.04135836660861969, 0.006798452697694302, 0.05733240023255348, -0.006336250342428684, -0.023927807807922363, 0.027933703735470772, -0.043252404779195786, -0.01991148293018341, 0.012219727039337158, -0.020397255197167397, -0.029944168403744698, 0.04601192846894264, -0.004760832991451025, -0.03198917582631111, 0.04292061924934387, -0.04499570652842522, -0.06882864236831665, -0.008591185323894024, 0.022756554186344147, 0.012555889785289764, 0.04136272892355919, -0.004052475094795227, 0.0061456598341465, -0.14386767148971558, -0.030951088294386864, 0.053593289107084274, -0.10615089535713196, 0.022932611405849457, 0.08137304335832596, -0.005089679267257452, 0.013462555594742298, -0.017780952155590057, 0.10821077972650528, -0.055666062980890274, 0.0018212856957688928, 0.020893633365631104, 0.0645051896572113, 0.04464677721261978, -0.14631475508213043, 0.033360015600919724, 0.06260068714618683, -0.04223894700407982, -0.015097105875611305, -0.05242111161351204, 0.028702139854431152, -0.012765590101480484, -0.05389203876256943, 0.011414344422519207, -0.006255188025534153, -0.036503635346889496, -0.025907084345817566, 0.00614525331184268, 0.0031813655514270067, 0.02344885654747486, -0.02166927605867386, -0.059309910982847214, -0.024921216070652008, -0.05381382256746292, 0.03379623219370842, -0.00042902701534330845, 0.027358099818229675, 0.036956362426280975, -0.01912776194512844, 0.025308802723884583, 0.057039666920900345, 0.06996895372867584, 0.05212477967143059, -0.08666874468326569, 0.04577487334609032, 0.12816454470157623, -0.05515625327825546, -2.7347508729895887e-33, 0.01872839592397213, -0.048560697585344315, 0.03338248282670975, -0.07690436393022537, 0.11040326952934265, 0.05590762943029404, 0.05784277617931366, -0.06644362956285477, 0.023447148501873016, -0.04798278212547302, 0.04424547776579857, -0.024328486993908882, -0.035475146025419235, 0.04088009521365166, 0.11972381919622421, -0.044407133013010025, 0.008648323826491833, -0.044137921184301376, -0.040300317108631134, -0.11051555722951889, 0.028963107615709305, -0.041894860565662384, 0.07978756725788116, 0.12429402768611908, -0.057797372341156006, -0.03607242926955223, 0.0032277677673846483, 0.004965172149240971, -0.02017393335700035, -0.009461518377065659, 0.0040129427798092365, 0.03754376620054245, 0.011785757727921009, 0.13974392414093018, 0.021713318303227425, 0.016028014943003654, 0.041137319058179855, -0.01841317117214203, -0.07621835172176361, 0.038874801248311996, -0.07316961884498596, 0.10768219083547592, 0.029591238126158714, -0.022297076880931854, 0.017987972125411034, 0.006659742910414934, -0.008801986463367939, -0.1242261752486229, -0.020074794068932533, 0.03229866921901703, -0.09195766597986221, 0.019080379977822304, -0.061811432242393494, 0.06999660283327103, -0.0034636189229786396, -0.08228588104248047, -0.008386868052184582, -0.0572267509996891, -0.06831922382116318, 0.1005028709769249, -0.027280395850539207, 0.02559470757842064, -0.014442148618400097, 0.006251672748476267, -0.016378866508603096, 0.00846394244581461, 0.02684134617447853, -0.06752662360668182, -0.03218681737780571, 0.06335272639989853, -0.04694758355617523, -0.07165635377168655, 0.012655265629291534, 0.007317857816815376, -0.011226950213313103, -0.0019333118107169867, -0.07767906039953232, -0.023609254509210587, -0.04164649546146393, 0.0216158889234066, -0.03282219171524048, -0.043940428644418716, 0.016889169812202454, -0.005995866842567921, -0.04740434139966965, 0.054930027574300766, 0.03697417303919792, 0.04970032721757889, 0.035929251462221146, -0.011799871921539307, -0.02868019975721836, -0.04507816582918167, 0.0038819434121251106, -0.017951052635908127, 0.024419069290161133, -5.271117942129422e-8, -0.036275025457143784, 0.008988711051642895, 0.028120441362261772, -0.0005681300535798073, 0.05591466650366783, 0.02681201696395874, -0.05919187143445015, -0.037707652896642685, 0.012361526489257812, 0.039918895810842514, 0.02076956257224083, -0.06541530042886734, -0.03463432937860489, -0.026188885793089867, 0.06424982845783234, -0.06169440597295761, 0.07608482986688614, 0.03148996829986572, 0.09439108520746231, -0.03973592445254326, 0.021927732974290848, 0.052715688943862915, -0.06193508952856064, -0.06620118767023087, 0.007660168223083019, 0.05761807784438133, -0.05516654998064041, 0.13730520009994507, -0.00020397876505739987, 0.05354774743318558, 0.05802091956138611, 0.008864148519933224, -0.00485840393230319, 0.006423157174140215, 0.010302466340363026, 0.038556091487407684, -0.013742723502218723, -0.022292306646704674, 0.012066377326846123, 0.07627035677433014, 0.04285416007041931, 0.06518696248531342, 0.034411001950502396, 0.057658687233924866, -0.03796510398387909, 0.00985843874514103, -0.06917589157819748, 0.09758017212152481, -0.0165400393307209, -0.07347721606492996, 0.053895119577646255, 0.018416671082377434, -0.023077934980392456, 0.023752856999635696, -0.020474227145314217, 0.03701278567314148, 0.030174657702445984, -0.003492542076855898, -0.10884615033864975, -0.08464835584163666, 0.154509037733078, -0.007547053974121809, -0.011927616782486439, 0.021716982126235962 ]
ived stress 5 studies ( 54 , 56 , 62 , 67 , 70 ) All studies: -0.15 (95% CI -0.38–0.08); No outliers Findings suggest that no significant effect on perceived stress was found among supervisors participating in occupational stress management interventions, in comparison to those undergoing alternative interventions or serving as the control group. Considering the small sample size, three out of five studies exhibiting a high RoB, and assumed publication bias, we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low’.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.862
["management"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951224
[ 0.06404158473014832, 0.009104961529374123, 0.028210056945681572, 0.1314437985420227, 0.04809469357132912, 0.0038155969232320786, 0.007016186136752367, 0.05213862285017967, -0.061389923095703125, -0.015732144936919212, 0.01144799217581749, -0.029240086674690247, -0.01082109846174717, 0.010524548590183258, -0.004182577133178711, 0.02535819076001644, 0.0780491754412651, -0.013655894435942173, -0.02112613245844841, -0.0060058049857616425, -0.031242461875081062, -0.03097468428313732, 0.01837272383272648, 0.044944729655981064, -0.06946173310279846, 0.033082906156778336, -0.05981680378317833, -0.03828804939985275, 0.010150055401027203, 0.07084495574235916, -0.0514504611492157, -0.008320018649101257, -0.015751885250210762, -0.02242245338857174, 0.01073597650974989, -0.013671932741999626, 0.07693438231945038, 0.07362505793571472, 0.01287657581269741, 0.05533815547823906, -0.02823699451982975, 0.03454621508717537, 0.03678591549396515, -0.06339823454618454, -0.03932756185531616, -0.008551311679184437, 0.008814130909740925, -0.012845573015511036, -0.0828365683555603, -0.016928156837821007, -0.013408062979578972, 0.022994065657258034, 0.07971714437007904, -0.06292632967233658, 0.02363741397857666, -0.07487498223781586, 0.06545594334602356, -0.005540445446968079, -0.0009058662690222263, 0.09889969229698181, 0.018445439636707306, -0.013647685758769512, -0.05070086941123009, 0.002093658549711108, -0.0002841982350219041, 0.047105658799409866, -0.05427011474967003, -0.0636826753616333, -0.04360421001911163, -0.058095306158065796, 0.0024989251978695393, -0.09083506464958191, -0.010515311732888222, 0.021655390039086342, 0.04468213766813278, 0.01633741706609726, -0.05699322000145912, -0.03801310434937477, 0.03744857385754585, 0.011263611726462841, 0.06848534196615219, 0.03272918984293938, 0.04018235206604004, -0.017776183784008026, -0.07967452704906464, -0.11051569133996964, 0.05399097129702568, -0.008011285215616226, -0.028773626312613487, 0.1123526394367218, 0.10873810201883316, -0.03260913863778114, -0.05892564356327057, -0.025202468037605286, -0.037448201328516006, 0.047293730080127716, -0.10811298340559006, 0.128627747297287, -0.07974619418382645, -0.04385127127170563, 0.02798502892255783, 0.005104462616145611, -0.05239332467317581, 0.037223685532808304, -0.047575630247592926, -0.036698151379823685, -0.011279625818133354, -0.1570974439382553, -0.0069113848730921745, 0.05625737085938454, -0.03723931312561035, 0.064057856798172, -0.033092185854911804, -0.07826311886310577, -0.04341211915016174, -0.018758505582809448, -0.05863995850086212, 0.01891254633665085, -0.046822886914014816, 0.0854654386639595, 0.05473314970731735, -0.016270417720079422, 0.08205211907625198, 0.0356120839715004, 0.009879441000521183, 0.03179515153169632, -0.030138131231069565, 9.051301909556806e-34, 0.0647711306810379, 0.015205970034003258, -0.010325087234377861, 0.03504900261759758, 0.027793237939476967, -0.007837409153580666, -0.0032974884379655123, -0.04560588300228119, 0.08692926168441772, -0.06238154321908951, -0.018237631767988205, 0.0513196624815464, 0.0046160100027918816, 0.002024854999035597, -0.07720286399126053, 0.019763261079788208, 0.0012340409448370337, 0.09006308019161224, -0.040748193860054016, 0.0528373122215271, -0.09282265603542328, -0.0019534816965460777, -0.07789213955402374, 0.037960391491651535, -0.10980109125375748, 0.014485183171927929, 0.055866651237010956, -0.014128206297755241, 0.0063268388621509075, 0.017308488488197327, -0.05467435345053673, -0.02062619850039482, 0.02513708919286728, -0.0287427119910717, 0.005949295591562986, 0.07803478091955185, 0.0183541402220726, 0.00651306938380003, 0.026730341836810112, -0.08631693571805954, -0.0488097220659256, -0.03074595332145691, 0.0752238929271698, 0.013514979742467403, 0.01938634365797043, -0.05745231732726097, -0.01898559182882309, -0.11370361596345901, -0.05927266553044319, 0.052369918674230576, -0.02222893387079239, 0.035583190619945526, 0.06760528683662415, -0.015017515979707241, -0.013543015345931053, -0.016268504783511162, 0.04096892103552818, -0.06437208503484726, -0.0008458259981125593, 0.04508697986602783, 0.003236631164327264, 0.02639276534318924, -0.12891381978988647, 0.03245946019887924, 0.08971565961837769, -0.0014704362256452441, -0.016487333923578262, -0.053339846432209015, -0.03800194337964058, 0.012599866837263107, -0.03238976374268532, 0.06450021266937256, -0.011010223999619484, -0.046722110360860825, -0.020327355712652206, -0.024694232270121574, -0.025179484859108925, 0.012804049998521805, -0.09895008057355881, -0.05820803716778755, 0.029212586581707, -0.02713148295879364, -0.00284786825068295, -0.028847986832261086, 0.041747257113456726, 0.03816293925046921, -0.031176555901765823, 0.007276309188455343, 0.04313138872385025, 0.0064886570908129215, 0.08433045446872711, -0.025362500920891762, 0.038465991616249084, 0.11902184039354324, -0.09542053192853928, -2.9045872151513544e-33, 0.01404670812189579, -0.04901000112295151, 0.02798875980079174, -0.10298426449298859, 0.0689309611916542, 0.019220439717173576, 0.049215082079172134, -0.06337485462427139, -0.014956412836909294, -0.01793971285223961, 0.09307065606117249, -0.09331908822059631, -0.015575706027448177, 0.05618828162550926, 0.053155917674303055, -0.03457639738917351, -0.03167526423931122, 0.005971671547740698, -0.04038510099053383, -0.11717557907104492, 0.026549747213721275, -0.08636816591024399, 0.11662246286869049, 0.09257805347442627, -0.0771373063325882, -0.013858187943696976, -0.023283811286091805, -0.019613362848758698, 0.04582150653004646, 0.010366530157625675, -0.025458935648202896, 0.055357418954372406, 0.04236471652984619, 0.10570219904184341, 0.03159795328974724, 0.016109248623251915, 0.03916800022125244, 0.009993456304073334, -0.05012347921729088, -0.017031285911798477, -0.04700157046318054, 0.11817804723978043, -0.005952297244220972, 0.007710724137723446, 0.013278208673000336, -0.0043083494529128075, -0.0037291981279850006, -0.12004290521144867, -0.05751754716038704, -0.012765682302415371, 0.021837888285517693, -0.0312113668769598, -0.04011744260787964, 0.005189958028495312, -0.006194956135004759, -0.08604556322097778, 0.029437506571412086, -0.0848904699087143, -0.09268844127655029, 0.049112189561128616, 0.0037451661191880703, 0.057334039360284805, -0.013746950775384903, 0.012218156829476357, 0.029953444376587868, -0.014208463951945305, -0.013942721299827099, -0.015282157808542252, -0.09041516482830048, 0.07341194897890091, -0.06598792225122452, -0.007661209907382727, 0.012842540629208088, -0.050113242119550705, 0.016401924192905426, -0.0030010947957634926, -0.020420335233211517, 0.02701297588646412, -0.062250684946775436, 0.04165210947394371, -0.03633018210530281, -0.04031481593847275, 0.040238283574581146, 0.05088300630450249, -0.03443073108792305, 0.04797147214412689, 0.0014249809319153428, 0.07219607383012772, -0.05835229530930519, 0.06486939638853073, -0.07952728122472763, 0.010930893011391163, 0.0022202394902706146, -0.029919980093836784, 0.044924139976501465, -5.517118140119237e-8, -0.036833420395851135, 0.02707354538142681, 0.07468701153993607, -0.026480674743652344, -0.0006295287166722119, -0.020736105740070343, -0.048148930072784424, -0.006367397960275412, -0.038213640451431274, 0.03351948410272598, 0.06447749584913254, -0.0614037811756134, -0.01892021857202053, 0.003222029423341155, 0.1000150516629219, -0.07017773389816284, 0.09512639045715332, -0.0017519239336252213, 0.07746008783578873, 0.016952576115727425, 0.06459925323724747, 0.004911348223686218, -0.03742546960711479, -0.012520662508904934, 0.017564788460731506, 0.08278217911720276, -0.04676685109734535, 0.14297877252101898, -0.03798913583159447, 0.07216309756040573, 0.033980078995227814, 0.01127593033015728, -0.0092184878885746, -0.061910200864076614, -0.03505910187959671, -0.05255584046244621, 0.04778240993618965, -0.03316594660282135, -0.0031546661630272865, 0.08120191842317581, -0.06437159329652786, 0.030916491523385048, 0.024080848321318626, 0.043921973556280136, -0.009749281220138073, -0.04043813422322273, -0.05071726813912392, 0.05078098550438881, -0.031511079519987106, -0.06252555549144745, 0.03182035684585571, 0.0015641865320503712, -0.012570849619805813, 0.04519558325409889, -0.0447847954928875, 0.054541219025850296, 0.0401141382753849, 0.005263859406113625, -0.0781479999423027, -0.0671844407916069, 0.10004861652851105, 0.020730162039399147, -0.018512023612856865, 0.04396863654255867 ]
we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low’. ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Low beh Psychological Stress: Job stress 5 studies ( 21 , 22 , 60 , 68 , 72 ) All studies: 0.02 (95% CI -1.09–1.14); No outliers No significant effect on job stress was observed among supervisors participating in occupational stress management interventions when contrasted with supervisors undergoing alternative interventions or comprising the control group.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.683
0.828
["career", "management"]
415
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951259
[ 0.07550399005413055, 0.0232703760266304, 0.06066228449344635, 0.12674695253372192, 0.05182722583413124, 0.007185821887105703, -0.011222570203244686, 0.0575956366956234, -0.07206936925649643, -0.007904349826276302, 0.029100045561790466, -0.0450090728700161, 0.014807723462581635, 0.027519511058926582, -0.0078018661588430405, -0.009315116330981255, 0.082338348031044, 0.0017311832634732127, -0.04120628163218498, -0.034795645624399185, -0.041985973715782166, -0.05710234120488167, 0.021016275510191917, 0.01871005818247795, -0.07272742688655853, 0.005276362877339125, -0.03534576669335365, -0.03958728909492493, 0.02593071758747101, 0.08100499212741852, -0.055434901267290115, 0.018062829971313477, -0.004129613749682903, -0.0030901054851710796, 0.02783728763461113, 0.01792353391647339, 0.10464305430650711, 0.05334874242544174, 0.03648682311177254, 0.0647200495004654, -0.04172171279788017, 0.05571594461798668, 0.022495519369840622, -0.04869959130883217, -0.08624504506587982, 0.012014690786600113, 0.013420362025499344, -0.04764570668339729, -0.11542493104934692, -0.0662170946598053, -0.008518981747329235, 0.03394805267453194, 0.07823314517736435, -0.05050883814692497, 0.02705739438533783, -0.04612802341580391, 0.06116344407200813, -0.028046313673257828, 0.0066930996254086494, 0.09805811196565628, 0.02872864343225956, -0.04118163511157036, -0.06880096346139908, -0.008586706593632698, 0.029147110879421234, 0.011417724192142487, -0.0669165551662445, -0.036047182977199554, -0.07580751180648804, -0.047195978462696075, -0.003986268769949675, -0.10055092722177505, -0.02440899983048439, 0.02310645394027233, 0.03902866318821907, -0.00539958942681551, -0.07662861049175262, 0.0041625178419053555, 0.006727565545588732, -0.008880212903022766, 0.09822215139865875, -0.020310016348958015, 0.002433166839182377, -0.01640954799950123, -0.07687166333198547, -0.08004049956798553, 0.004371658433228731, -0.0145871015265584, -0.04529077932238579, 0.07613646984100342, 0.10560236126184464, -0.028989791870117188, -0.0630655288696289, 0.03224897384643555, -0.04397901892662048, 0.03361578658223152, -0.03870799392461777, 0.15528886020183563, -0.09042561799287796, -0.02834891527891159, 0.001007283222861588, -0.015092949382960796, -0.05285670608282089, 0.06965404748916626, -0.05079574137926102, -0.013503892347216606, 0.0022202213294804096, -0.1437472254037857, -0.029604312032461166, 0.0657472237944603, -0.035497866570949554, 0.047621238976716995, -0.008952179923653603, -0.07140884548425674, -0.06399846822023392, 0.013781675137579441, -0.0591721273958683, 0.04166993871331215, -0.12168508023023605, 0.08770588040351868, 0.07016444206237793, 0.018298622220754623, 0.07923930883407593, 0.027846744284033775, -0.004446121398359537, 0.02193257212638855, -0.04085296392440796, 1.735152721378548e-33, 0.1257818043231964, 0.0014775283634662628, -0.013740121386945248, 0.0004140288510825485, 0.011461131274700165, -0.010915866121649742, -0.03441145643591881, -0.02433783747255802, 0.0892724096775055, -0.02638958767056465, -0.02514312043786049, 0.015501969493925571, -0.04205770790576935, -0.03216980770230293, -0.09041209518909454, 0.03758030757308006, -0.006122014485299587, 0.06968710571527481, -0.017383577302098274, 0.0528227873146534, -0.11690233647823334, -0.009180491790175438, -0.08225152641534805, 0.020462648943066597, -0.0579397976398468, 0.027775639668107033, 0.038200847804546356, -0.0515618659555912, 0.00226936605758965, 0.007998775690793991, -0.053386762738227844, -0.004756585694849491, 0.04405137151479721, -0.03158978372812271, -0.02072995714843273, 0.06146247312426567, -0.036302514374256134, 0.0015653965529054403, 0.002352883340790868, -0.06489366292953491, -0.050187475979328156, -0.005549951456487179, 0.07630397379398346, -0.006046659778803587, 0.057735342532396317, -0.0426069013774395, 0.012998445890843868, -0.11787455528974533, -0.057948388159275055, 0.08772225677967072, -0.025468019768595695, 0.023167794570326805, 0.05017300322651863, -0.02698473446071148, -0.04138209670782089, -0.009484377689659595, 0.04028119891881943, -0.03207938373088837, -0.023248283192515373, 0.06545871496200562, -0.011380930431187153, 0.01658613607287407, -0.1236003115773201, -0.006861800327897072, 0.07803282141685486, -0.015309872105717659, 0.004739650525152683, -0.034490376710891724, -0.028130270540714264, 0.03300541266798973, -0.03742698207497597, 0.07217440754175186, 0.009090020321309566, -0.02549782395362854, 0.015986455604434013, 0.017932835966348648, 0.005839317571371794, 0.0032048251014202833, -0.09396137297153473, -0.08763531595468521, 0.052510105073451996, -0.0034553995355963707, 0.03010123409330845, -0.033117372542619705, 0.054316360503435135, 0.08541852980852127, -0.00589517829939723, 0.010595777072012424, 0.028423048555850983, 0.034491803497076035, 0.05339400842785835, -0.05088658630847931, 0.030033931136131287, 0.12649700045585632, -0.06965884566307068, -3.0243818444436537e-33, 0.0012539518065750599, -0.028189642354846, -0.037069324404001236, -0.08069035410881042, 0.0765630379319191, 0.04236145317554474, 0.13309034705162048, -0.05945247411727905, -0.009033411741256714, -0.024638013914227486, 0.09440849721431732, -0.0727420225739479, 0.015510943718254566, 0.03448297455906868, 0.030370665714144707, -0.016917839646339417, -0.029835037887096405, 0.027514515444636345, -0.014433309435844421, -0.0719442069530487, 0.041798271238803864, -0.04562557116150856, 0.04167548567056656, 0.08105511218309402, -0.07065412402153015, -0.013328495435416698, -0.05365236476063728, 0.004081571474671364, 0.017553212121129036, 0.008626936934888363, -0.04106232151389122, 0.037393148988485336, 0.032164860516786575, 0.10391460359096527, 0.043810371309518814, -0.011628872714936733, -0.014798455871641636, -0.016911542043089867, -0.06180506572127342, -0.001962244976311922, -0.04789352789521217, 0.1261836737394333, -0.005686774849891663, -0.01839432865381241, -0.0185097549110651, -0.014522255398333073, -0.028386807069182396, -0.0924888476729393, -0.05501905456185341, -0.02704756148159504, -0.03695037588477135, -0.061641983687877655, -0.03168308734893799, 0.07531044632196426, -0.004238148685544729, -0.07396286725997925, 0.016807520762085915, -0.07910452783107758, -0.08217642456293106, 0.07815829664468765, -0.02507610432803631, 0.03894694149494171, 0.0019437213195487857, 0.033325742930173874, 0.024728981778025627, -0.0017956268275156617, -0.022803781554102898, -0.011106953024864197, -0.0713464543223381, 0.04277670383453369, -0.03891979530453682, 0.00507726427167654, 0.04061877727508545, -0.014431266114115715, -0.004807598423212767, -0.019645215943455696, -0.017421934753656387, -0.017011059448122978, -0.03587563708424568, 0.047009292989969254, -0.018481025472283363, -0.02548355795443058, 0.03992689773440361, 0.059091273695230484, 0.0202680341899395, 0.061837632209062576, -0.007278509438037872, 0.08914396166801453, -0.022936522960662842, 0.021881328895688057, -0.10249275714159012, 0.02537149377167225, 0.017194725573062897, -0.034317497164011, 0.05585367605090141, -4.894944183320149e-8, -0.025952236726880074, -0.024779995903372765, 0.08498723059892654, -0.05277182534337044, 0.046756353229284286, -0.02257854864001274, -0.03038940764963627, -0.009705409407615662, -0.010231781750917435, 0.04696223512291908, 0.034827183932065964, -0.07124592363834381, -0.06929279118776321, -0.025504158809781075, 0.08943986892700195, -0.030041657388210297, 0.08577878028154373, 0.007730118464678526, 0.07315817475318909, -0.03480201214551926, 0.05827368423342705, 0.018181087449193, -0.03422378748655319, -0.008037629537284374, 0.019575320184230804, 0.06343844532966614, -0.049564462155103683, 0.12095474451780319, -0.03159157186746597, 0.04712309688329697, 0.040235236287117004, -0.010447240434587002, 0.03630375117063522, -0.07545449584722519, -0.018655600026249886, 0.0016443833010271192, 0.033263955265283585, -0.024320336058735847, 0.0034399728756397963, 0.05555856600403786, -0.030620122328400612, 0.02751700021326542, -0.013912547379732132, 0.0463569238781929, 0.009240197949111462, -0.05443856120109558, -0.03741999343037605, 0.033933691680431366, -0.0064308010041713715, -0.07074486464262009, 0.04244580864906311, 0.0008117069373838603, -0.011162339709699154, 0.04133765771985054, -0.04292099550366402, 0.02792947366833687, 0.03035607561469078, 0.0007521925144828856, -0.12030055373907089, -0.08618849515914917, 0.11714182794094086, 0.03134064003825188, 0.00863536074757576, 0.05364423617720604 ]
ve interventions or comprising the control group. Due to the contradictory effect size between studies with some concerns of RoB versus those with high RoB, along with a massive 95% confidence interval in high RoB studies and high heterogeneity, the certainty of evidence was downgraded to ‘very low’. ⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low cde Mental health: Subsyndromal symptoms 8 studies ( 22 , 37 , 53 , 58 , 60 , 67 , 69 , 72 ) All studies: -0.36 (95% CI -0.80–0.07); Without outliers (k=7): -0.22 (95% CI 0.53–0.09) No significant
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.88
[]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.951288
[ 0.05503300204873085, 0.038806550204753876, 0.02854693867266178, 0.06977955996990204, -0.014266502112150192, -0.025272518396377563, -0.04381043091416359, 0.19276253879070282, 0.03737522289156914, 0.015708474442362785, 0.05860688164830208, 0.016554957255721092, 0.023637890815734863, -0.04376814514398575, -0.0060444786213338375, -0.03541941940784454, 0.08555248379707336, -0.017927004024386406, -0.09711172431707382, 0.04748371243476868, -0.028801364824175835, -0.02436593547463417, 0.08717332035303116, 0.009781010448932648, -0.06159345060586929, 0.008976991288363934, -0.024905351921916008, -0.08535068482160568, 0.013191706500947475, 0.05109450966119766, -0.019106652587652206, 0.09119109064340591, 0.00043736345833167434, -0.011284940876066685, 0.03981346637010574, 0.032518111169338226, 0.03682557865977287, 0.07858322560787201, 0.030526053160429, 0.02478724718093872, 0.04647279903292656, -0.023631703108549118, 0.05204341560602188, -0.034949131309986115, -0.0911211147904396, -0.094602070748806, -0.040160585194826126, -0.016254091635346413, -0.08875560015439987, 0.014235293492674828, -0.02306363917887211, 0.016470054164528847, 0.08260300755500793, -0.011265370063483715, -0.055441293865442276, -0.05035581439733505, 0.031557414680719376, 0.001147634000517428, 0.059466246515512466, 0.06934092193841934, 0.04490460082888603, 0.016715480014681816, -0.049512915313243866, -0.014866020530462265, 0.0911192074418068, 0.042794596403837204, -0.0083847651258111, -0.0544172003865242, 0.002658215118572116, 0.04459376633167267, 0.014380411244928837, -0.10403653979301453, -0.10584879666566849, 0.06827417016029358, 0.030603790655732155, -0.038990188390016556, -0.07250086963176727, 0.007371464744210243, 0.005907685495913029, -0.056902043521404266, 0.00965889822691679, 0.12527334690093994, 0.009270413778722286, -0.002732311375439167, -0.013656633906066418, 0.01271574106067419, 0.00994607713073492, 0.04158659279346466, -0.06565915048122406, 0.0521649569272995, 0.09433207660913467, 0.014801730401813984, -0.04512112960219383, -0.022842761129140854, -0.006799949333071709, -0.016128260642290115, -0.004945088177919388, -0.03690715879201889, -0.11136241257190704, 0.05876811593770981, 0.050026681274175644, 0.045819368213415146, -0.024250226095318794, -0.011323542334139347, -0.020165443420410156, -0.0012861300492659211, 0.11299844831228256, -0.10411378741264343, -0.054714299738407135, 0.02358277514576912, -0.06293836981058121, 0.023275285959243774, 0.04791221767663956, -0.0045348466373980045, -0.020434172824025154, -0.05789657682180405, -0.06697890162467957, 0.10819350928068161, -0.008763554506003857, 0.007651081308722496, 0.06904388219118118, -0.03817090019583702, 0.03922080621123314, 0.019119225442409515, 0.061891429126262665, 0.027344701811671257, -0.07103485614061356, 3.9911313574339424e-33, 0.049075573682785034, -0.03908495232462883, 0.02237798273563385, -0.006268298253417015, 0.013976821675896645, -0.0152400191873312, 0.004945970606058836, -0.10063068568706512, 0.05860656499862671, 0.09274329245090485, 0.06513278931379318, -0.006294703111052513, 0.007001963444054127, -0.0013273180229589343, -0.06810034811496735, 0.06682168692350388, -0.026861870661377907, 0.025131043046712875, -0.030219513922929764, 0.010598534718155861, 0.0009485765476711094, 0.0177663154900074, 0.037325419485569, 0.006977924145758152, -0.033423639833927155, -0.007248362060636282, -0.020364442840218544, 0.045549195259809494, 0.04142285883426666, -0.004948121029883623, -0.0609712190926075, 0.028625009581446648, 0.014994562603533268, -0.08047450333833694, -0.026574717834591866, 0.04090999811887741, -0.0010922435903921723, 0.00492566404864192, -0.03065929003059864, 0.03636797517538071, 0.04418925568461418, 0.00281765079125762, -0.03762849420309067, -0.05113421380519867, 0.07183168083429337, -0.04206069931387901, -0.006131614558398724, -0.15078459680080414, -0.11361072957515717, 0.025206368416547775, -0.03141920641064644, 0.022502515465021133, -0.03413718566298485, -0.04413200169801712, -0.07037908583879471, 0.030710330232977867, 0.0005524240550585091, -0.04167548939585686, 0.012755929492413998, 0.002331147203221917, 0.07181500643491745, 0.032690465450286865, -0.08809495717287064, -0.0659637600183487, -0.0011107021709904075, 0.01395503617823124, -0.048361070454120636, -0.13696403801441193, -0.024459971114993095, -0.03449054807424545, 0.015322869643568993, -0.016039684414863586, 0.055608320981264114, 0.05909403786063194, 0.045262981206178665, -0.04138421267271042, -0.02427045628428459, 0.017064109444618225, 0.011738896369934082, -0.04150950163602829, -0.04935663938522339, -0.04425271227955818, -0.028505807742476463, 0.009277700446546078, 0.032087989151477814, -0.018084043636918068, -0.05813795328140259, 0.03775680810213089, -0.09377144277095795, -0.03261449187994003, 0.049662623554468155, -0.06759342551231384, -0.04092080891132355, 0.02819778211414814, -0.03263586759567261, -4.8068744783947e-33, -0.046342238783836365, 0.07846501469612122, 0.06452315300703049, -0.03555844724178314, 0.0009456512052565813, 0.014949840493500233, 0.0394371896982193, -0.037324611097574234, -0.010937297716736794, -0.0019899150356650352, 0.05844952538609505, -0.017192184925079346, -0.03240673616528511, -0.0044687348417937756, 0.048339277505874634, -0.002623959444463253, 0.011869828216731548, -0.043225258588790894, 0.0023686429485678673, -0.00902998261153698, 0.0774293839931488, 0.018337432295084, 0.06016528233885765, 0.08491174131631851, -0.013838214799761772, -0.0013817759463563561, -0.004867567680776119, 0.06536010652780533, -0.028399953618645668, -0.0729309618473053, 0.03160648047924042, 0.07737688720226288, 0.007049191743135452, 0.016054732725024223, -0.04142250865697861, -0.03698428347706795, -0.084561288356781, -0.016623318195343018, -0.08706386387348175, -0.06582977622747421, -0.026790842413902283, 0.0437309592962265, -0.01012995932251215, -0.02466701529920101, 0.0012334020575508475, 0.01136731170117855, 0.02985505759716034, -0.05820884555578232, 0.04229220747947693, 0.04524104297161102, 0.016788290813565254, 0.02424231357872486, 0.05726942420005798, 0.04220022261142731, 0.03280000016093254, -0.047489315271377563, -0.007295562885701656, -0.04198987036943436, -0.07209572196006775, 0.029989538714289665, -0.008700028993189335, 0.08107054978609085, -0.042428333312273026, 0.026571905240416527, 0.07684782147407532, 0.029018502682447433, -0.04095269367098808, 0.07722930610179901, 0.04568064585328102, -0.03407072275876999, 0.004723796155303717, -0.016398368403315544, 0.0679178386926651, -0.1214422807097435, 0.08191025257110596, -0.010411827825009823, -0.04645048826932907, 0.02293083816766739, 0.028142403811216354, -0.030378811061382294, -0.09122855961322784, 0.007437650579959154, 0.02049812488257885, 0.00920206680893898, -0.0807172954082489, 0.05237281322479248, -0.039413247257471085, -0.0125047592446208, 0.0018168092938140035, 0.0890597477555275, -0.039947714656591415, -0.0041993167251348495, 0.029403334483504295, -0.007969318889081478, 0.021230794489383698, -5.3300212243811984e-8, 0.01919289492070675, -0.07893086969852448, 0.06220346316695213, -0.058060236275196075, 0.06634268164634705, 0.011359562166035175, -0.1233619973063469, 0.09457293897867203, -0.0609603188931942, 0.08485603332519531, 0.0004264145973138511, -0.06638065725564957, -0.04723130911588669, -0.05124407634139061, 0.009052159264683723, -0.015368028543889523, 0.07157719880342484, 0.08543598651885986, 0.0037374626845121384, -0.06794097274541855, 0.03019879385828972, -0.01319881435483694, 0.014868147671222687, 0.007710745558142662, 0.017784884199500084, 0.030392445623874664, 0.02662031725049019, 0.0700971707701683, -0.10778771340847015, -0.056438084691762924, 0.08104266971349716, -0.008485473692417145, 0.021136395633220673, 0.02156846597790718, 0.02110700123012066, -0.0376303493976593, 0.04826311394572258, 0.04139934852719307, 0.01319438498467207, 0.009077494032680988, -0.03897397965192795, -0.012767086736857891, -0.02255280688405037, 0.05067599564790726, -0.042453233152627945, -0.06269894540309906, -0.055518463253974915, 0.020196469500660896, 0.05719364807009697, -0.14330801367759705, 0.01296429056674242, 0.045384179800748825, -0.03914548456668854, -0.02126065269112587, -0.03861742094159126, 0.11465884745121002, 0.03384153172373772, 0.1061534434556961, -0.12106846272945404, -0.06252086162567139, 0.08149661868810654, -0.02285015396773815, -0.04990757256746292, -0.0342562235891819 ]
ers (k=7): -0.22 (95% CI 0.53–0.09) No significant effect on general mental health was observed among supervisors participating in occupational stress management interventions when contrasted with supervisors undergoing alternative interventions or comprising the control group. Due to substantial heterogeneity and moderate 95% confidence intervals in both high RoB and in studies with some RoB concerns, we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low’.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.691
0.826
["management"]
455
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952052
[ 0.07548230141401291, 0.012214183807373047, 0.014458161778748035, 0.09137304872274399, 0.040572963654994965, 0.03417633846402168, 0.041113000363111496, 0.05142282322049141, -0.013385659083724022, -0.032523173838853836, 0.030266599729657173, -0.03749074786901474, -0.03904127702116966, -0.06167186424136162, 0.03270871937274933, -0.012020230293273926, 0.08978321403265, -0.01905498281121254, -0.03985957056283951, 0.037290059030056, -0.04474915191531181, -0.04851293936371803, 0.043596815317869186, 0.026277611032128334, -0.06928795576095581, 0.037588056176900864, -0.006540270987898111, -0.07639224082231522, 0.002724478952586651, 0.04541447386145592, -0.030665181577205658, -0.05371753126382828, 0.02753937803208828, -0.0022032202687114477, 0.008706391789019108, -0.04948326572775841, 0.05910833179950714, 0.06853951513767242, -0.006667941343039274, 0.02785315178334713, -0.04414061829447746, 0.04171225056052208, 0.04744863510131836, -0.03783585876226425, -0.07316794991493225, -0.000042494433728279546, 0.005229386035352945, -0.02567925862967968, -0.0802801251411438, -0.05648019537329674, 0.03746377304196358, 0.03271264210343361, 0.05620616674423218, -0.040119919925928116, -0.01322878897190094, -0.03342776373028755, 0.09994187951087952, -0.04777529090642929, -0.02450002171099186, 0.11030317097902298, 0.04451356455683708, -0.03502713888883591, -0.02496322989463806, -0.043678220361471176, 0.0066783009096980095, 0.03671388700604439, -0.06289482861757278, -0.05576267093420029, -0.05424165725708008, -0.025938615202903748, -0.04940228536725044, -0.12200554460287094, -0.07153148204088211, 0.06635013967752457, 0.05461840331554413, 0.0172293558716774, -0.09448737651109695, 0.0018196689197793603, 0.03256447985768318, 0.03758540377020836, 0.02494179457426071, 0.0574495904147625, 0.07166467607021332, -0.0007356617134064436, -0.0331244170665741, -0.03996334597468376, 0.010025529190897942, 0.014264476485550404, -0.016509616747498512, 0.07878676056861877, 0.11441384255886078, -0.06533143669366837, -0.03563005104660988, 0.0064881970174610615, -0.023343175649642944, 0.021094584837555885, -0.12595410645008087, 0.07658068090677261, -0.04581913724541664, -0.015832414850592613, 0.0512031652033329, 0.021834729239344597, -0.044712577015161514, 0.007983595132827759, -0.04960131272673607, 0.0030715151224285364, -0.01422340888530016, -0.1687624603509903, -0.005701173096895218, 0.012267326936125755, -0.029315102845430374, 0.03816511482000351, -0.008009112440049648, -0.08572885394096375, -0.0457870177924633, -0.04004833102226257, -0.08492664247751236, 0.022953135892748833, -0.04905957356095314, 0.09202318638563156, 0.12040194123983383, 0.01868402399122715, 0.0897165909409523, 0.10518305748701096, 0.048042744398117065, -0.026116332039237022, -0.03499165177345276, 3.1543362346759116e-33, 0.07773055881261826, -0.03304566070437431, 0.008293516933918, 0.03582165762782097, 0.027531355619430542, 0.05850470811128616, -0.05134260281920433, -0.08880644291639328, 0.10195888578891754, -0.0746588408946991, -0.03355180844664574, 0.03158380463719368, 0.012048205360770226, -0.03049342706799507, -0.08220938593149185, 0.02386566251516342, 0.04101836308836937, 0.08153365552425385, -0.008026923052966595, 0.029819099232554436, -0.053362887352705, -0.02484879642724991, -0.0422382615506649, 0.03626992926001549, -0.0447533018887043, 0.027069566771388054, 0.000573214958421886, 0.006150780711323023, 0.06469123810529709, -0.006454468704760075, -0.03394642099738121, -0.014464030042290688, -0.01641119085252285, 0.03919403254985809, -0.03637808561325073, 0.05624056234955788, 0.023643149062991142, 0.01708860695362091, 0.004024866037070751, -0.11260084062814713, -0.01498885452747345, 0.010333801619708538, 0.08127027004957199, 0.03798799589276314, 0.019824258983135223, -0.1077517569065094, -0.004575022030621767, -0.07567143440246582, -0.030309008434414864, 0.07179337739944458, -0.0910458117723465, -0.0008886019350029528, 0.04474193975329399, -0.017392989248037338, -0.024809248745441437, -0.04592733085155487, 0.025560574606060982, 0.007605839520692825, 0.024495022371411324, 0.045521147549152374, 0.048865094780921936, 0.04961386322975159, -0.10376205295324326, -0.03707039728760719, 0.06700394302606583, 0.047625862061977386, 0.0352780781686306, -0.06054511293768883, -0.020496472716331482, 0.0032537616789340973, -0.05121570825576782, 0.034577514976263046, 0.05135728418827057, 0.007834861055016518, -0.07851406186819077, -0.04384378716349602, -0.04886088892817497, 0.01728229597210884, -0.07069876044988632, -0.012046542949974537, -0.00947428960353136, -0.011894642375409603, -0.06771984696388245, -0.015431579202413559, -0.002436107723042369, 0.011897937394678593, -0.030072646215558052, 0.03843481093645096, -0.029985161498188972, 0.028923399746418, 0.046362850815057755, -0.013598929159343243, 0.02431737631559372, 0.11751792579889297, -0.06982827186584473, -5.5238191358787675e-33, 0.06439603120088577, -0.033772122114896774, -0.000717196031473577, -0.07614917308092117, 0.10507922619581223, 0.023441417142748833, 0.09346111863851547, -0.06349347531795502, -0.025478774681687355, -0.017722321674227715, 0.055721402168273926, -0.08841776102781296, 0.007234553806483746, 0.017221249639987946, 0.05458458140492439, -0.026120297610759735, 0.02362775430083275, -0.003914882894605398, -0.03095315583050251, -0.09849566966295242, 0.003184705972671509, -0.03003266267478466, 0.10719163715839386, 0.06563927978277206, -0.06638660281896591, -0.03140895813703537, -0.04648609086871147, 0.011692430824041367, -0.014944280497729778, -0.02685181424021721, -0.03757861256599426, -0.020238999277353287, 0.00015628676919732243, 0.08581607043743134, 0.02053026109933853, 0.0030568137299269438, 0.02133709192276001, 0.0032998763490468264, -0.07757190614938736, -0.06707105785608292, 0.026990391314029694, 0.10178005695343018, 0.0020342764910310507, 0.01614784263074398, 0.01827029325067997, 0.005881760269403458, -0.003455227939411998, -0.07343948632478714, -0.059673938900232315, -0.061733584851026535, -0.01040152832865715, -0.02414005436003208, -0.04001612216234207, 0.01824824884533882, -0.03687814250588417, -0.081610307097435, 0.008665292523801327, -0.09209117293357849, -0.13498498499393463, 0.059998735785484314, -0.08118776977062225, 0.06538325548171997, -0.0141906114295125, 0.015768518671393394, 0.02304261177778244, -0.006683552172034979, -0.03837727755308151, -0.020980801433324814, -0.028118034824728966, 0.01100023090839386, -0.04153374955058098, 0.00006119076715549454, 0.04302918538451195, -0.05432352423667908, -0.0047213113866746426, -0.0053300438448786736, 0.0034824912436306477, 0.003725553397089243, -0.03490419313311577, 0.026846809312701225, -0.040119901299476624, -0.04671165719628334, -0.005801904480904341, 0.05882798507809639, -0.0055826264433562756, 0.0338803306221962, -0.017507825046777725, 0.06851200759410858, 0.001469133421778679, 0.042763851583004, -0.026430074125528336, -0.039563972502946854, 0.016457892954349518, 0.01039951667189598, 0.03764624521136284, -4.771892392341215e-8, 0.0072189518250525, 0.028648601844906807, 0.08061352372169495, -0.04741216450929642, 0.04938925430178642, -0.031563516706228256, -0.043912529945373535, -0.0008822942618280649, -0.05870344117283821, 0.052100926637649536, 0.07615344971418381, -0.09192083030939102, -0.026083773002028465, -0.04224381968379021, 0.11873261630535126, -0.06368070840835571, 0.06768666952848434, 0.09010636061429977, 0.08027929812669754, 0.0027977570425719023, 0.07950939983129501, -0.008249284699559212, -0.03749994561076164, -0.028125246986746788, 0.015068093314766884, 0.09580081701278687, -0.06436427682638168, 0.05666663870215416, -0.05652259290218353, 0.06410090625286102, 0.09493128955364227, -0.011530622839927673, 0.015167847275733948, -0.013978875242173672, -0.010916243307292461, -0.10759557783603668, 0.024028964340686798, -0.014600543305277824, 0.03281598538160324, 0.02501806803047657, -0.07509557902812958, 0.043001871556043625, 0.011016139760613441, 0.03208751231431961, -0.019162466749548912, -0.01951151341199875, -0.03791213780641556, -0.016992293298244476, 0.004573391284793615, -0.09053795784711838, 0.07723063230514526, 0.023394295945763588, -0.01646973006427288, 0.04986448213458061, -0.03123742714524269, 0.04431338980793953, 0.0847318023443222, -0.030033700168132782, -0.1158941462635994, -0.04743143171072006, 0.05784749239683151, 0.0165414959192276, -0.023862501606345177, 0.04404739663004875 ]
we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low’. ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Low ade Mental health: General mental health 5 studies ( 53 , 56 , 62 , 63 , 68 ) All studies: -0.32 (95% CI -0.88–0.24); No outliers No significant effect on general mental health was observed among supervisors participating in occupational stress management interventions when contrasted with supervisors undergoing alternative interventions or comprising the control group.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.686
0.832
["management"]
431
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952104
[ 0.07037872821092606, -0.0027534908149391413, 0.06145591288805008, 0.10615091025829315, 0.008557374589145184, 0.018515953794121742, 0.01916627772152424, 0.06999561190605164, -0.052307672798633575, -0.004045956302434206, 0.050421182066202164, -0.03094424307346344, -0.04736824333667755, -0.004885506816208363, 0.03287056088447571, -0.0035566615406423807, 0.07264509797096252, -0.00047401877236552536, -0.06198486313223839, 0.030914021655917168, -0.0507720410823822, -0.026137735694646835, 0.0342198871076107, 0.014618379063904285, -0.06666085869073868, -0.01819608546793461, -0.046474114060401917, -0.06613363325595856, 0.007309906184673309, 0.09619373083114624, -0.010245243087410927, 0.01498759537935257, 0.022880522534251213, -0.01483631506562233, 0.04520460590720177, -0.00859856978058815, 0.08403152227401733, 0.08494818955659866, 0.02657807059586048, 0.05165071785449982, -0.02132909558713436, 0.06656826287508011, 0.021977191790938377, -0.041092198342084885, -0.09785721451044083, -0.028279250487685204, 0.0008938021492213011, -0.05160166323184967, -0.08602546900510788, -0.09338954836130142, -0.023600613698363304, 0.045612405985593796, 0.0642189309000969, -0.053832702338695526, -0.039185743778944016, -0.027660684660077095, 0.10251010209321976, -0.045240990817546844, -0.00986185111105442, 0.12576283514499664, 0.03263629972934723, -0.03763077035546303, -0.057039812207221985, -0.0319504514336586, 0.05441945791244507, 0.0007267912151291966, -0.052377067506313324, -0.0653020441532135, -0.0375702790915966, -0.0157169159501791, -0.030665984377264977, -0.07005990296602249, -0.056736547499895096, 0.06780362129211426, 0.018949763849377632, -0.010000709444284439, -0.11940478533506393, -0.008651653304696083, 0.04409586638212204, -0.00800254661589861, 0.05282863974571228, 0.03342509642243385, 0.008159209042787552, 0.005983216688036919, -0.012729986570775509, -0.07014738023281097, 0.0066581047140061855, -0.01512862928211689, -0.01796187087893486, 0.10453323274850845, 0.06895402818918228, -0.007101062685251236, -0.0589989610016346, 0.04786486178636551, -0.03180614486336708, -0.012194291688501835, -0.02505546621978283, 0.104459747672081, -0.09251094609498978, 0.01371855940669775, -0.008435217663645744, 0.02262880653142929, -0.05044292286038399, 0.041264038532972336, -0.00043553151772357523, -0.0060753230936825275, 0.017484866082668304, -0.1562284678220749, -0.007621116936206818, 0.04072990640997887, -0.05122910439968109, 0.04282880574464798, 0.019150443375110626, -0.09913747012615204, -0.0992201566696167, -0.012102506123483181, -0.07903977483510971, -0.01651420071721077, -0.06131557747721672, 0.0739012137055397, 0.06840844452381134, -0.0011144507443532348, 0.0628509595990181, 0.0988743007183075, 0.053795941174030304, 0.04126383364200592, -0.05816365405917168, 1.837504300201591e-33, 0.1058008000254631, -0.019506247714161873, 0.06087925657629967, 0.010874304920434952, 0.021829918026924133, 0.004451133776456118, -0.04962264746427536, -0.12091018259525299, 0.15255361795425415, -0.03162582963705063, -0.022442180663347244, 0.05082302540540695, -0.013586007058620453, -0.003659643931314349, -0.08786452561616898, 0.008896530605852604, 0.03127465397119522, 0.04778936877846718, -0.031411077827215195, 0.059706129133701324, -0.0901561751961708, -0.02664562687277794, -0.06436185538768768, 0.025580305606126785, -0.053364064544439316, 0.025077952072024345, 0.023500842973589897, -0.025002334266901016, 0.029642648994922638, 0.01859278976917267, -0.07398072630167007, 0.0036304013337939978, 0.001595985726453364, -0.03367377445101738, 0.005646349396556616, 0.048504795879125595, -0.01808761991560459, 0.007955487817525864, -0.017055049538612366, -0.0434209406375885, -0.008097105659544468, -0.027582863345742226, 0.09652488678693771, -0.011663001030683517, 0.07222526520490646, -0.047673288732767105, -0.036095790565013885, -0.11111029982566833, -0.056316617876291275, 0.0881347507238388, -0.029278909787535667, -0.006564359646290541, 0.003899767529219389, -0.018084419891238213, -0.05421643331646919, -0.05137571692466736, 0.019586782902479172, -0.04177767410874367, 0.024800974875688553, 0.07942157238721848, 0.016110243275761604, 0.04690496623516083, -0.12678639590740204, -0.02811526320874691, 0.022316433489322662, 0.026846561580896378, 0.028138911351561546, -0.11431043595075607, -0.02951059862971306, -0.03048919141292572, -0.021387653425335884, 0.08783130347728729, 0.035089459270238876, 0.02241242118179798, 0.009036689065396786, 0.009296723641455173, -0.0010752109810709953, -0.016423331573605537, -0.053292229771614075, -0.07805938273668289, 0.010486073791980743, -0.0029609347693622112, 0.0010956458281725645, -0.0057073370553553104, 0.022100506350398064, 0.026828188449144363, -0.020608676597476006, 0.07288027554750443, -0.0405825600028038, -0.0045464797876775265, -0.003106606425717473, -0.019729163497686386, 0.01990414224565029, 0.10994504392147064, -0.07913956791162491, -4.130517069450634e-33, 0.002455412643030286, 0.014583025127649307, 0.017262274399399757, -0.09740327298641205, 0.04478056728839874, 0.053000833839178085, 0.07389861345291138, -0.05802511051297188, 0.030514316633343697, 0.0023534444626420736, 0.07949715852737427, -0.07955067604780197, 0.044314075261354446, 0.04855898767709732, 0.01717456430196762, 0.01739223301410675, -0.013536550104618073, -0.02628207951784134, -0.006165123078972101, -0.05757146701216698, 0.04783647879958153, 0.007937404327094555, 0.07784323394298553, 0.08225042372941971, -0.03221261501312256, -0.04184713214635849, -0.013489988632500172, 0.04982767999172211, 0.025461170822381973, -0.05122875049710274, -0.0176400076597929, 0.014269054867327213, 0.04493515565991402, 0.08606898784637451, -0.0037234534975141287, -0.001388752250932157, 0.02379431761801243, -0.04182879254221916, -0.08524846285581589, -0.0024086912162601948, -0.03721979632973671, 0.08565494418144226, -0.0008128289482556283, 0.011349431239068508, -0.014628946781158447, 0.01870199665427208, -0.010127507150173187, -0.09687952697277069, -0.09949279576539993, -0.04062004014849663, -0.016436319798231125, -0.07438115775585175, -0.010739867575466633, 0.03869709372520447, -0.042421746999025345, -0.045401185750961304, 0.02115071378648281, -0.09135379642248154, -0.14036507904529572, 0.06921496987342834, 0.016907058656215668, 0.08091124892234802, -0.02133139595389366, 0.025939760729670525, -0.011738423258066177, 0.01168238278478384, -0.03619344159960747, 0.04186628758907318, -0.0743107721209526, 0.0018630761187523603, -0.04480164125561714, 0.01656792126595974, 0.013316843658685684, -0.08276858925819397, 0.01896589994430542, -0.009645132347941399, -0.010414286516606808, 0.022268187254667282, -0.0205457154661417, 0.029524067416787148, -0.0514029897749424, -0.03514205664396286, 0.0024920841678977013, 0.02504711225628853, -0.02308022417128086, 0.021457405760884285, -0.04635719954967499, 0.02321072854101658, -0.03255399316549301, 0.0838378444314003, -0.10506787151098251, 0.011103681288659573, 0.017077699303627014, -0.017668763175606728, 0.009427709504961967, -4.824606847364521e-8, -0.006861161440610886, 0.004229052923619747, 0.10135744512081146, -0.03947439417243004, 0.06187858432531357, -0.009016165509819984, -0.0696093738079071, 0.033326804637908936, -0.001469045295380056, 0.05999239534139633, 0.0428023599088192, -0.06200244277715683, -0.06919024884700775, -0.02944623865187168, 0.049057699739933014, -0.016023509204387665, 0.009713880717754364, 0.04334327206015587, 0.06540312618017197, -0.016204198822379112, 0.07990599423646927, 0.02361563965678215, -0.020023390650749207, 0.001658448250964284, -0.014800740405917168, 0.05307125300168991, -0.0042041633278131485, 0.09171753376722336, -0.08244609832763672, 0.022811414673924446, 0.07862494885921478, 0.02632088027894497, 0.015690039843320847, -0.044524598866701126, -0.02496371977031231, -0.05229959636926651, 0.03931798040866852, -0.0419212281703949, 0.0031317865941673517, 0.03899190202355385, -0.0744471400976181, 0.005300368182361126, 0.0005077268579043448, 0.025894364342093468, 0.033818915486335754, -0.012871225364506245, -0.03991641476750374, -0.012254728935658932, 0.06284832954406738, -0.08880539238452911, 0.06598810106515884, 0.0509834922850132, -0.0043523418717086315, 0.028678888455033302, -0.041251882910728455, 0.04631611332297325, 0.04765443131327629, 0.002274848520755768, -0.1351807713508606, -0.100892573595047, 0.07627786695957184, 0.021227726712822914, 0.00015289591101463884, 0.05414803326129913 ]
ve interventions or comprising the control group. Due to substantial heterogeneity and moderate 95% confidence intervals in both studies with high RoB and some RoB concerns, we downgraded the certainty of evidence to ‘low certainty’. ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Low ade Open in a new tab * P≤0.05. a Downgraded by -0.5 points due to risk of bias. b Downgraded by -1 points due to risk of bias. c Downgraded by -1.5 points due to risk of bias. d Downgraded by -1 points due to inconsistency. e Downgraded by -0.5 due to imprecision.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.73
[]
508
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952132
[ 0.013153470121324062, 0.03747020661830902, 0.02301168069243431, 0.07715504616498947, 0.020177753642201424, -0.038586970418691635, -0.003096905769780278, 0.10807020217180252, 0.025032971054315567, 0.03809073567390442, 0.038570187985897064, 0.046059370040893555, 0.0379951149225235, -0.030799465253949165, -0.03185993805527687, -0.014916560612618923, 0.03941712900996208, 0.024859603494405746, -0.08547434955835342, 0.0641472265124321, -0.07877185195684433, -0.02207142673432827, 0.05624978989362717, 0.0363207682967186, -0.017790917307138443, -0.06335588544607162, -0.009700864553451538, 0.02547292597591877, -0.04047565162181854, -0.020829012617468834, 0.004946970846503973, 0.007444687187671661, 0.029023902490735054, -0.08954352140426636, -0.012847310863435268, 0.020934024825692177, 0.00462888041511178, 0.039008982479572296, 0.07657131552696228, 0.05379251763224602, 0.0580095537006855, 0.023399582132697105, -0.018790308386087418, -0.008275063708424568, -0.04224526882171631, -0.032110486179590225, -0.0315234549343586, -0.03667377308011055, -0.09968583285808563, 0.059128113090991974, -0.027101648971438408, -0.043098896741867065, 0.006863688118755817, -0.058840274810791016, -0.09539894759654999, -0.05176958069205284, -0.021523980423808098, 0.021691955626010895, 0.009595883078873158, 0.028706761077046394, 0.05848362669348717, -0.03507816419005394, -0.134781613945961, 0.01587648130953312, 0.013833895325660706, 0.026311643421649933, 0.012834729626774788, -0.06470251828432083, 0.056907229125499725, 0.05476132780313492, -0.008289637975394726, -0.04424827918410301, -0.06720178574323654, 0.013402900658547878, -0.037426773458719254, -0.020946035161614418, -0.05058345943689346, -0.017780372872948647, 0.005303868092596531, -0.08100295811891556, 0.07912943512201309, 0.055620573461055756, -0.024825405329465866, 0.007168550509959459, -0.05524769797921181, -0.0420830063521862, 0.0021632774733006954, -0.05631064996123314, -0.0425257533788681, 0.03137950971722603, 0.09980868548154831, -0.029654769226908684, -0.030323434621095657, 0.07196715474128723, -0.0409439317882061, -0.032406121492385864, -0.046308062970638275, -0.03867199644446373, -0.05323396250605583, 0.10393159091472626, 0.014048033393919468, 0.015337682329118252, -0.07497069239616394, 0.00542366923764348, -0.0785009115934372, -0.0699554979801178, 0.023588327690958977, -0.09944240748882294, 0.013000866398215294, 0.06641286611557007, -0.039957042783498764, 0.013687856495380402, 0.04566356912255287, -0.0029039098881185055, -0.009611083194613457, -0.010742990300059319, -0.06032515689730644, 0.05242116004228592, -0.04951907694339752, -0.0013478940818458796, 0.034144241362810135, -0.02859789878129959, 0.09281285852193832, -0.03127421438694, 0.023616626858711243, -0.01490454375743866, -0.04789309576153755, 7.251250696082336e-33, 0.049027349799871445, -0.0926549881696701, -0.003834732808172703, 0.03789294511079788, 0.03684139996767044, 0.06029139459133148, -0.041300009936094284, -0.0738125890493393, 0.022328702732920647, -0.0008769136620685458, 0.06533621996641159, -0.011515551246702671, -0.03929215669631958, -0.029307328164577484, -0.025146381929516792, 0.08115914463996887, -0.026550613343715668, 0.08369338512420654, -0.013299990445375443, 0.05134187638759613, -0.019973034039139748, -0.01481617707759142, -0.02703862264752388, -0.021091653034090996, -0.053839392960071564, 0.011361143551766872, -0.0070770662277936935, 0.06316764652729034, -0.030043000355362892, 0.008674468845129013, -0.05591306462883949, -0.0316493920981884, -0.023478763177990913, -0.10676993429660797, -0.010485510341823101, 0.08246516436338425, -0.017636191099882126, 0.0017176950350403786, 0.013477593660354614, 0.023276841267943382, 0.059937410056591034, 0.010171612724661827, 0.049791742116212845, -0.01965017057955265, 0.1044517457485199, -0.024995310232043266, 0.019748451188206673, -0.1099487841129303, -0.10261954367160797, 0.011598549783229828, -0.016403868794441223, -0.0250683706253767, -0.02822992019355297, -0.025549234822392464, -0.08056775480508804, 0.04920969158411026, -0.04929545894265175, 0.03881186619400978, -0.0068521988578140736, -0.018842021003365517, 0.09383295476436615, 0.06651998311281204, -0.10676940530538559, -0.010302120819687843, -0.01071674283593893, 0.06215982139110565, -0.03651813417673111, -0.12804000079631805, -0.05598979443311691, 0.005825364962220192, -0.05801938474178314, -0.051266204565763474, -0.018025187775492668, 0.027873385697603226, -0.01732662133872509, -0.010091769509017467, 0.03041536919772625, 0.0693361684679985, 0.1286114752292633, -0.07308463007211685, -0.056399956345558167, -0.0378304123878479, -0.03215278685092926, -0.014141106978058815, -0.03840072453022003, -0.025925830006599426, 0.045136284083127975, -0.0005172110395506024, -0.020015165209770203, 0.0031179545912891626, -0.0018194735748693347, -0.04716594144701958, -0.02638893947005272, 0.039035554975271225, 0.0032727557700127363, -8.170888415872583e-33, -0.09086696058511734, 0.03685276582837105, 0.0055872295051813126, 0.03581380844116211, -0.08347633481025696, 0.0418965108692646, 0.05001801252365112, -0.046658992767333984, 0.007103085517883301, -0.02101908065378666, 0.03751268610358238, -0.02222955971956253, 0.03284873813390732, -0.006267223972827196, 0.01848255656659603, -0.007645601872354746, -0.006918169558048248, -0.026280641555786133, 0.0005623120814561844, -0.034250419586896896, 0.13056498765945435, 0.02594003453850746, 0.006187869235873222, 0.10260163247585297, 0.031431421637535095, -0.01199182029813528, 0.04944675788283348, 0.08879006654024124, -0.00301934452727437, -0.09657272696495056, -0.017010211944580078, 0.004596758633852005, 0.027472035959362984, 0.0686158537864685, -0.03404691815376282, 0.023782603442668915, -0.0021421981509774923, 0.009423992596566677, -0.09667593240737915, -0.0202765092253685, -0.022972438484430313, 0.04973210021853447, -0.04749222844839096, -0.07879514247179031, 0.020802531391382217, 0.006162004545331001, 0.03598463907837868, -0.025180727243423462, 0.0523434616625309, 0.002066920278593898, -0.024235902354121208, 0.018002208322286606, 0.02203069068491459, 0.040700189769268036, -0.009688087739050388, -0.03530546650290489, 0.11178945004940033, -0.008230120874941349, -0.06054242327809334, 0.09970247000455856, -0.03322933241724968, 0.12334524840116501, -0.05382354557514191, 0.05606445297598839, 0.06386851519346237, 0.08404191583395004, -0.039159294217824936, 0.0465230830013752, 0.06316109746694565, -0.011275550350546837, -0.01747337356209755, 0.012953502126038074, 0.00033626132062636316, -0.14263559877872467, 0.061143241822719574, -0.01067524403333664, -0.04303804039955139, 0.08101913332939148, 0.017038650810718536, -0.025329964235424995, -0.032303158193826675, -0.03674798086285591, 0.05054015666246414, 0.013833113946020603, -0.020965304225683212, 0.07921022921800613, -0.040679752826690674, 0.029066409915685654, 0.01674722507596016, 0.07190960645675659, -0.04381131753325462, -0.0398990660905838, 0.028993630781769753, -0.08423060923814774, -0.013132642023265362, -5.3481151951473294e-8, -0.003256186842918396, -0.0035233511589467525, 0.11768569052219391, 0.034248851239681244, 0.0672837421298027, 0.007070633117109537, -0.13069331645965576, 0.0427556075155735, -0.04415480047464371, -0.03781348839402199, 0.008905223570764065, -0.0025726703461259604, -0.04073287546634674, -0.04398227483034134, 0.039554983377456665, 0.044473838061094284, 0.019599832594394684, 0.11566527932882309, -0.005548462737351656, -0.003968945238739252, 0.06594749540090561, -0.031170818954706192, -0.030164839699864388, -0.04202866554260254, 0.04534737765789032, -0.021709566935896873, 0.018547795712947845, 0.1715518832206726, -0.06184350699186325, -0.02069978229701519, 0.04251044616103172, -0.039058469235897064, 0.06001106649637222, -0.009500067681074142, 0.05097769945859909, 0.010733571834862232, 0.06050840765237808, -0.005700368899852037, 0.04298671707510948, 0.08749624341726303, -0.06385470181703568, -0.0023610859643667936, -0.010561764240264893, 0.03943181410431862, -0.056333377957344055, -0.023681752383708954, -0.03733544051647186, 0.016126977279782295, 0.05115330219268799, -0.07917358726263046, 0.010065806098282337, 0.050466351211071014, -0.000631807663012296, 0.029708432033658028, -0.050650544464588165, 0.09513194859027863, -0.001398209249600768, 0.038776274770498276, -0.17935901880264282, -0.016813214868307114, 0.09874293208122253, -0.00865623913705349, -0.058564022183418274, -0.03572221100330353 ]
istency. e Downgraded by -0.5 due to imprecision. f Downgraded by -1 due to imprecision. h Downgraded by -0.5 due to potential publication bias. i Downgraded by -1 due to publication bias. On the outcome category level, a significant small-to-moderate intervention effect for occupational stress management programs targeting supervisors was observed for mental health [g=-0.38, (95% CI -0.69 – -0.08)] (figure 2a), even after excluding influential cases [g=-0.21, (95% CI -0.41– -0.02)].
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.698
0.694
["management"]
488
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952156
[ 0.05223539099097252, 0.0851222351193428, 0.010084008798003197, 0.058142825961112976, 0.03258075565099716, 0.03508492186665535, -0.015477390959858894, 0.05216280743479729, -0.055899303406476974, 0.005305174738168716, 0.06991774588823318, 0.023195434361696243, -0.006748916115611792, 0.016047339886426926, -0.024885840713977814, 0.02676096186041832, 0.09845176339149475, 0.03495073691010475, -0.0998343974351883, -0.021623559296131134, -0.07998631149530411, 0.04044397920370102, 0.005010494962334633, -0.0011151909129694104, -0.020580848678946495, -0.031011011451482773, -0.06127205863595009, -0.04148261621594429, -0.003851554589346051, 0.03229274973273277, -0.03796692565083504, -0.001102661481127143, 0.0048609040677547455, 0.017439380288124084, 0.005311531946063042, -0.05072631314396858, 0.01846042089164257, 0.0560169517993927, 0.031181156635284424, 0.053489264100790024, -0.0023039409425109625, 0.06294986605644226, 0.021286802366375923, -0.041395869106054306, -0.05183127149939537, -0.09772644191980362, -0.022344814613461494, 0.01094873622059822, -0.09965220093727112, 0.008841200731694698, 0.017576565966010094, 0.036498624831438065, 0.060798678547143936, 0.024769071489572525, -0.003545126412063837, -0.03424598276615143, 0.08205006271600723, 0.03707830607891083, -0.07994457334280014, 0.14648576080799103, 0.018809350207448006, -0.06694003194570541, -0.052105244249105453, -0.011703159660100937, 0.032472558319568634, -0.0045957728289067745, -0.008574392646551132, -0.09590458869934082, -0.04298662021756172, -0.018930550664663315, -0.004489752929657698, -0.11599250137805939, -0.00829098466783762, -0.012278388254344463, 0.060503412038087845, 0.03312039002776146, -0.06263283640146255, -0.00670152623206377, 0.09755439311265945, 0.00755954859778285, 0.05991600826382637, 0.024520454928278923, 0.0860072523355484, -0.025033028796315193, -0.03067474253475666, -0.10248332470655441, 0.060380127280950546, -0.014529398642480373, -0.007891321554780006, 0.13874530792236328, 0.08838550001382828, -0.04167186841368675, 0.011639022268354893, -0.010091746225953102, -0.056647904217243195, -0.004346033092588186, -0.07540799677371979, 0.05450199916958809, -0.04037237539887428, 0.010588742792606354, -0.019823379814624786, -0.009863310493528843, -0.08722909539937973, -0.00293755647726357, -0.05805901437997818, -0.07134442776441574, 0.037450700998306274, -0.1309814751148224, -0.0007446228410117328, 0.035766132175922394, -0.05615639314055443, 0.02212684042751789, 0.019897276535630226, -0.06279673427343369, -0.015086607076227665, 0.017617443576455116, -0.019661681726574898, 0.0974171906709671, 0.0006255900370888412, -0.013640029355883598, 0.10691756010055542, 0.038883108645677567, 0.03637146204710007, 0.06788889318704605, -0.030792400240898132, -0.005723350215703249, -0.06947541981935501, 1.3693966439297356e-33, 0.03673525154590607, -0.05033630505204201, -0.023305391892790794, 0.04655817523598671, 0.03443623706698418, -0.0056736059486866, -0.03548165410757065, -0.09275513887405396, 0.04366906359791756, -0.06392045319080353, -0.019540265202522278, 0.0699007660150528, -0.020344410091638565, 0.011248811148107052, -0.07581627368927002, 0.016731834039092064, -0.00785102043300867, 0.11081153899431229, -0.027359673753380775, 0.04191138595342636, -0.017340756952762604, -0.01871124468743801, -0.061005014926195145, 0.018342016264796257, -0.030966218560934067, 0.010375953279435635, -0.04277777299284935, 0.024546686559915543, -0.018781138584017754, -0.00041548802983015776, -0.027935799211263657, -0.009158013388514519, -0.028634104877710342, -0.050976719707250595, -0.022380979731678963, 0.03806433081626892, 0.020523658022284508, 0.030333062633872032, -0.007700558751821518, -0.04892733693122864, -0.016175705939531326, 0.048759907484054565, 0.05875552445650101, -0.005970084574073553, 0.10229325294494629, -0.05578075721859932, -0.025107869878411293, -0.09572920948266983, -0.03671674057841301, 0.05683990567922592, -0.03776203840970993, -0.001519072218798101, 0.08991510421037674, -0.04595844820141792, -0.026151247322559357, -0.025454550981521606, 0.04475294053554535, -0.01817278377711773, -0.016788898035883904, 0.024283630773425102, 0.043605607002973557, 0.06010071560740471, -0.1164841577410698, -0.004298346117138863, 0.1286398470401764, 0.008070469833910465, -0.03537723794579506, -0.07760029286146164, -0.0015374227659776807, 0.010506462305784225, -0.035996582359075546, 0.07911734282970428, 0.02839909866452217, -0.001573028857819736, -0.029288165271282196, -0.05494706332683563, -0.04171007126569748, 0.0009600811754353344, -0.006664027459919453, -0.09418310970067978, -0.0077180457301437855, 0.03372158855199814, -0.08784417062997818, -0.06991389393806458, 0.0364430695772171, -0.023299889639019966, -0.013349933549761772, 0.016430577263236046, -0.02003338560461998, -0.017227118834853172, 0.11092735826969147, 0.03168793022632599, 0.0574374757707119, 0.10526017844676971, -0.050665054470300674, -3.602923246048928e-33, -0.03815469890832901, -0.014232485555112362, -0.05120222643017769, -0.05834203213453293, 0.021038126200437546, 0.04718007147312164, 0.030207129195332527, -0.05118216946721077, -0.011060227639973164, -0.02092956006526947, 0.08262894302606583, -0.09998037666082382, 0.013253706507384777, 0.03661283105611801, -0.0016786392079666257, -0.005986335221678019, -0.05211595073342323, -0.012776915915310383, -0.1060832217335701, -0.04952261969447136, 0.0880950465798378, 0.0054401918314397335, 0.06956438720226288, 0.07614303380250931, -0.03593078628182411, -0.007232828065752983, 0.04866744577884674, -0.006180397234857082, 0.05803292617201805, -0.04267147555947304, -0.0032496785279363394, 0.03773830085992813, -0.02678285539150238, 0.06313195824623108, 0.033106930553913116, -0.022733375430107117, -0.0026508329901844263, -0.0579623207449913, -0.09426218271255493, -0.059739358723163605, -0.017617810517549515, 0.11142469197511673, -0.026806393638253212, -0.012981749139726162, 0.01602872647345066, 0.029317013919353485, 0.03376035392284393, -0.0493043027818203, 0.00567651679739356, -0.044599439948797226, -0.026597565039992332, -0.0857868492603302, -0.0011699172900989652, 0.06666958332061768, -0.02238795906305313, -0.05598793551325798, 0.05840557813644409, -0.09573040902614594, -0.13977935910224915, 0.11581575870513916, -0.02229318395256996, 0.05690644308924675, 0.033222686499357224, -0.011286891996860504, 0.015041821636259556, -0.007528511341661215, -0.03409404307603836, 0.04900918900966644, -0.0357433445751667, 0.05330526456236839, 0.002631252631545067, 0.054349757730960846, 0.0792805552482605, -0.1024322658777237, 0.02996680699288845, -0.04607650637626648, -0.0030093316454440355, 0.06345381587743759, -0.08248443156480789, 0.01737237349152565, -0.022851508110761642, -0.03923811390995979, -0.008549957536160946, 0.03410978242754936, 0.015450446866452694, -0.00793733261525631, 0.002997160889208317, 0.042091090232133865, 0.016802068799734116, 0.05160226300358772, -0.05314141511917114, -0.012414197437465191, -0.009283187799155712, -0.02271413803100586, -0.02708592265844345, -5.939652325537281e-8, -0.019175777211785316, -0.0030003185383975506, -0.016181545332074165, 0.03680242970585823, 0.019868552684783936, 0.030994223430752754, -0.07687865197658539, -0.021105730906128883, -0.05644116550683975, 0.01565568521618843, -0.024547044187784195, -0.012649948708713055, -0.01986350677907467, -0.0013590712333098054, 0.10366656631231308, -0.09860997647047043, 0.07090727984905243, 0.0744808167219162, 0.07087086886167526, 0.012020321562886238, 0.012619933113455772, -0.035886310040950775, -0.05172053724527359, -0.050370167940855026, -0.010348240844905376, 0.05854349210858345, -0.049594152718782425, 0.12149588763713837, -0.03378891199827194, 0.06754566729068756, 0.036120615899562836, 0.053241975605487823, 0.027297470718622208, -0.025273935869336128, -0.006146795116364956, -0.09773877263069153, 0.04702954366803169, 0.0017369070556014776, 0.017897306010127068, 0.12332569062709808, -0.011667526327073574, 0.03002827800810337, 0.019485361874103546, 0.054444894194602966, 0.005751724820584059, -0.03965454176068306, -0.04109306260943413, 0.016099441796541214, -0.011832479387521744, -0.0857205018401146, 0.06643948704004288, 0.035336125642061234, -0.03444843739271164, 0.026963043957948685, -0.025182634592056274, 0.05115532875061035, 0.05494110658764839, 0.00742272287607193, -0.1330731064081192, -0.05695319175720215, 0.0788257047533989, -0.014290481805801392, 0.014771351590752602, 0.019087178632616997 ]
fluential cases [g=-0.21, (95% CI -0.41– -0.02)]. Significant small-to-moderate intervention effects on work-related outcomes (g=-0.32, (95% CI -0.63– -0.00)] and leadership-related outcomes [g=-0.23 (95% CI -0.44– -0.02)] were seen when outliers ( 69 , 72 ) were excluded (figure 2b and 2c). For psychological stress and mindfulness, no significant intervention effects were detected. The certainty of evidence was rated low for the outcomes of psychological stress, mindfulness, and mental health and very low
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.696
["leadership"]
511
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952180
[ 0.07436993718147278, 0.07296096533536911, 0.027430327609181404, 0.06838548183441162, 0.023842014372348785, 0.012475031428039074, -0.04858309030532837, -0.0332576148211956, 0.015016702003777027, -0.062906913459301, 0.058671556413173676, 0.006738091818988323, -0.004257938824594021, -0.01205010898411274, 0.014632828533649445, -0.08055108040571213, 0.07237222045660019, 0.03845617175102234, -0.14844612777233124, -0.06704875081777573, -0.03640517219901085, 0.01567251607775688, 0.014167346991598606, 0.026688508689403534, -0.050637971609830856, -0.0019437400624155998, -0.04316187649965286, -0.04282339662313461, 0.03276846930384636, 0.026935894042253494, -0.006982159335166216, -0.005374532658606768, -0.036887191236019135, -0.012495354749262333, 0.020676856860518456, 0.007200915366411209, 0.040926072746515274, 0.03744378313422203, 0.05073687061667442, -0.04216586798429489, -0.02187851443886757, -0.022756686434149742, 0.023565327748656273, 0.008410915732383728, -0.03302506357431412, -0.07347799092531204, -0.03937264904379845, -0.044492751359939575, -0.10077875852584839, -0.10345686972141266, -0.0354534275829792, -0.000007891314453445375, 0.03189877048134804, 0.045813921838998795, 0.011932605877518654, -0.025633124634623528, 0.02580404095351696, -0.003933114930987358, 0.0484667606651783, 0.0610353983938694, -0.00667573744431138, -0.03536777198314667, -0.05201411619782448, -0.0067947180941700935, -0.007833318784832954, 0.03697778284549713, -0.07226574420928955, -0.04336746409535408, -0.05418705940246582, -0.05107324570417404, 0.03836236894130707, -0.11460266262292862, 0.003973935730755329, 0.014494972303509712, 0.0494859479367733, 0.009649726562201977, -0.034577105194330215, -0.034472741186618805, 0.014783872291445732, 0.05673893913626671, 0.07640089839696884, 0.046100303530693054, -0.01946078985929489, 0.034408342093229294, 0.007832461036741734, -0.05298931896686554, 0.07676742225885391, 0.04163295030593872, 0.021764300763607025, 0.06570304185152054, 0.06230853497982025, 0.01163339614868164, -0.09182262420654297, 0.023498520255088806, -0.036483556032180786, 0.008840393275022507, -0.09897279739379883, 0.03990783542394638, -0.05011000856757164, 0.008180598728358746, 0.041792672127485275, -0.01640382781624794, -0.026538776233792305, -0.019872456789016724, 0.004051961470395327, 0.046944599598646164, 0.047940149903297424, -0.06602977961301804, -0.03342686593532562, -0.007137083914130926, -0.09269989281892776, 0.026290830224752426, 0.03330548107624054, -0.03370997682213783, -0.0159637201577425, -0.057386208325624466, -0.010597885586321354, 0.11880000680685043, -0.04117830470204353, -0.033030759543180466, 0.12523120641708374, 0.00692846579477191, 0.12536171078681946, 0.02717672847211361, 0.005303841084241867, -0.03964000195264816, -0.04169044643640518, -8.216296844289887e-34, 0.1114213839173317, -0.025302255526185036, 0.06404802203178406, 0.06821991503238678, 0.09922978281974792, 0.0016678341198712587, 0.008063068613409996, -0.007866956293582916, 0.021617351099848747, 0.07026568055152893, -0.04312548786401749, -0.02931654080748558, 0.0164792537689209, 0.026036832481622696, -0.06599442660808563, 0.039373837411403656, -0.013485576957464218, 0.04284583032131195, -0.043041400611400604, 0.020335275679826736, 0.010198629461228848, -0.010285508818924427, -0.02116522565484047, 0.0496949777007103, -0.05884874239563942, 0.0023569841869175434, 0.08390454947948456, -0.0534706749022007, -0.025763146579265594, 0.021510286256670952, -0.04617145285010338, -0.01705980859696865, 0.04962325841188431, 0.005863520782440901, -0.013658531941473484, 0.07418859750032425, -0.028642745688557625, 0.010998481884598732, 0.0719761848449707, -0.020322222262620926, -0.031053634360432625, 0.02844422683119774, 0.0586729571223259, 0.01412484422326088, 0.024804063141345978, -0.029531070962548256, -0.005340390373021364, -0.044354744255542755, 0.015711458399891853, 0.04719536378979683, -0.10105760395526886, 0.033339131623506546, 0.09581397473812103, 0.03224034979939461, -0.060030389577150345, -0.02627161331474781, 0.11085356771945953, 0.09535380452871323, -0.047330230474472046, -0.010983547195792198, -0.03374377638101578, 0.0011732454877346754, -0.1528424620628357, 0.021636279299855232, 0.041788697242736816, -0.009315086528658867, -0.04592641070485115, -0.04545913264155388, -0.008934427984058857, 0.0013823149492964149, -0.01978789083659649, 0.03313804045319557, -0.010042133741080761, 0.032390791922807693, 0.03579820692539215, -0.015379717573523521, 0.0019583848770707846, -0.05219102278351784, -0.021761460229754448, -0.06354063004255295, -0.03510160371661186, 0.02854553796350956, 0.027457604184746742, -0.02943160943686962, -0.0033351776655763388, 0.027065681293606758, -0.037678029388189316, 0.06691189855337143, -0.010930107906460762, 0.03810322284698486, 0.05218607559800148, -0.0119687020778656, 0.07159788906574249, 0.07209346443414688, -0.08686257898807526, -8.380894522408816e-34, 0.014634612947702408, 0.007926336489617825, 0.040684375911951065, -0.03751811385154724, 0.11218322813510895, 0.03495405986905098, 0.029723377898335457, -0.038160696625709534, 0.030322017148137093, -0.025874905288219452, 0.0980944111943245, -0.02904023788869381, 0.057480666786432266, 0.01535067055374384, 0.06246219202876091, 0.00021327260765247047, 0.004463369958102703, -0.0251938309520483, -0.0618714801967144, -0.030040346086025238, 0.06953059881925583, -0.04436618089675903, 0.07306692749261856, 0.05530387535691261, -0.0443900041282177, -0.011907539330422878, 0.016034627333283424, 0.03140878677368164, -0.014667868614196777, -0.06860500574111938, 0.0644802451133728, 0.06471472233533859, -0.00456437561661005, 0.08575798571109772, 0.04056810215115547, -0.051534298807382584, 0.01997264102101326, -0.022145705297589302, -0.05962154269218445, 0.011306035332381725, 0.008772049099206924, 0.09758464246988297, 0.017864810302853584, -0.01947767101228237, 0.0022402629256248474, 0.01215309463441372, -0.0021004732698202133, -0.11428255587816238, -0.11996717005968094, 0.030727457255125046, -0.03399244323372841, 0.0031298368703573942, -0.10031692683696747, 0.10003339499235153, 0.07104115188121796, -0.04213801026344299, -0.0003483148757368326, -0.11011938005685806, -0.11409442871809006, 0.06736830621957779, -0.004581509158015251, 0.017647061496973038, 0.006942137610167265, -0.016312720254063606, -0.0008733747527003288, 0.021868862211704254, 0.008300263434648514, 0.003308799583464861, 0.005560125224292278, 0.048700395971536636, -0.03923487663269043, -0.026079153642058372, -0.011383628472685814, -0.07456719130277634, -0.06253869086503983, -0.049059703946113586, -0.04329169541597366, -0.059699635952711105, -0.015044886618852615, -0.03895626962184906, -0.033461958169937134, -0.0791788399219513, 0.02525460347533226, -0.08863873034715652, -0.015059846453368664, 0.007187312934547663, 0.0686061680316925, 0.02501092478632927, 0.030803237110376358, 0.0400531031191349, -0.117976613342762, -0.020379003137350082, -0.030503777787089348, 0.011584078893065453, 0.014629695564508438, -5.782780476693006e-8, -0.023575272411108017, -0.041972462087869644, -0.06398522108793259, 0.020312046632170677, -0.012331893667578697, -0.008718941360712051, -0.06629816442728043, 0.0016967995325103402, -0.03798165172338486, 0.04053862392902374, 0.02833363600075245, -0.12524889409542084, -0.05357186496257782, -0.026730528101325035, 0.00858419667929411, -0.07394424080848694, 0.09010791778564453, 0.055541038513183594, 0.06037892401218414, -0.0856335461139679, 0.02856525033712387, 0.05234052985906601, -0.041490018367767334, -0.04811561852693558, -0.015487940981984138, 0.05579771101474762, -0.05941106751561165, 0.15919135510921478, -0.016404492780566216, -0.02827892079949379, 0.06423395127058029, 0.0005931085906922817, 0.019618846476078033, -0.018061412498354912, -0.0298139750957489, 0.016314048320055008, -0.03153121471405029, -0.0479351282119751, 0.04075009003281593, 0.04625014215707779, 0.08088704198598862, 0.0501403734087944, 0.020924905315041542, 0.08439531922340393, 0.015399651601910591, -0.0800551176071167, -0.0421338826417923, 0.04830675199627876, -0.0022660421673208475, -0.030577348545193672, 0.08363190293312073, 0.11585814505815506, -0.013130358420312405, -0.01877385750412941, -0.05344567447900772, 0.07199818640947342, 0.07589928805828094, 0.03127231076359749, -0.10544858872890472, -0.10659895837306976, 0.10732632130384445, -0.039919789880514145, -0.022038374096155167, -0.00318014994263649 ]
ress, mindfulness, and mental health and very low for the outcomes of work- and leadership-related variables (see table 3 and supplementary material S9 for a detailed display of the calculated effect sizes and certainty of evidence ratings). On the subcategory level, effect sizes were calculated based on k=5 for perceived stress, job stress, and general mental health and k=8 for subsyndromal symptoms. Meta-analyses revealed no significant effects in any of the addressed subcategories.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.698
0.846
["leadership", "career"]
489
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952201
[ 0.04799048230051994, 0.0502362921833992, -0.004357472527772188, 0.04571224004030228, 0.06805186718702316, -0.00475367670878768, -0.05258582532405853, 0.008356006816029549, -0.0008354330784641206, -0.02422397956252098, -0.04391079023480415, -0.002484099706634879, -0.053133077919483185, -0.0023900459054857492, 0.003136337036266923, -0.03327418118715286, 0.016546592116355896, 0.06262366473674774, -0.10558274388313293, -0.07908152043819427, 0.06545732915401459, -0.043429385870695114, 0.034375619143247604, 0.02975178137421608, -0.046770576387643814, 0.012054775841534138, -0.06551707535982132, 0.0046095047146081924, 0.004972110968083143, 0.020036829635500908, -0.05414672940969467, 0.025252336636185646, 0.0005655809654854238, 0.0159851536154747, -0.015500424429774284, 0.02993456833064556, 0.036516182124614716, 0.03303772956132889, 0.0414905771613121, 0.044258080422878265, -0.08741026371717453, 0.004587351810187101, 0.03984047472476959, -0.024415412917733192, -0.01474112831056118, -0.04571814462542534, -0.0465015284717083, -0.011930044740438461, -0.10873815417289734, -0.083138607442379, 0.01794726774096489, -0.0466766320168972, 0.0072893719188869, 0.08902658522129059, 0.023939315229654312, -0.0010472980793565512, 0.007429810240864754, -0.0670543760061264, -0.02827848680317402, 0.11034955829381943, -0.0546242818236351, -0.024421583861112595, 0.00020508281886577606, -0.015881339088082314, 0.012942278757691383, 0.04164702072739601, -0.1453557312488556, -0.05091794952750206, -0.04762466624379158, 0.0011115337256342173, 0.046045731753110886, -0.11591558158397675, -0.06404219567775726, -0.0036638607271015644, 0.0419917032122612, -0.0062833563424646854, -0.034789133816957474, -0.0011536125093698502, 0.040967244654893875, 0.023082425817847252, 0.04065341502428055, 0.08949114382266998, -0.014956101775169373, 0.030384350568056107, 0.017349204048514366, -0.09603215754032135, 0.09009469300508499, 0.013378612697124481, -0.06074158102273941, 0.07394621521234512, 0.11644577980041504, -0.0631413385272026, -0.06926795840263367, -0.001958052162081003, -0.04327821731567383, 0.0014321397757157683, -0.13694387674331665, 0.09027478843927383, -0.09468360245227814, -0.05112467333674431, 0.01322160568088293, -0.00876279454678297, 0.0005386407719925046, 0.03134699538350105, -0.016912497580051422, 0.01626194268465042, 0.06921283900737762, -0.02530657686293125, -0.07838590443134308, -0.029349448159337044, -0.09997682273387909, 0.035910144448280334, -0.010497933253645897, -0.04301682114601135, 0.0014429332222789526, -0.037665460258722305, -0.053352441638708115, 0.06112901493906975, -0.019930174574255943, -0.03768300265073776, 0.14077915251255035, 0.021616637706756592, 0.09241712093353271, 0.020683888345956802, 0.02688770741224289, -0.050347134470939636, -0.10258111357688904, 3.157284154102583e-33, 0.0540410540997982, 0.027519777417182922, 0.010965912602841854, 0.09062052518129349, 0.10464996099472046, 0.02021886222064495, 0.006221506744623184, -0.00517293531447649, 0.04760316386818886, 0.0343935452401638, -0.04869601130485535, 0.032259441912174225, 0.011189884506165981, -0.022063756361603737, -0.06865619122982025, 0.04169466719031334, -0.021588413044810295, 0.1022796481847763, -0.11434708535671234, -0.013739023357629776, 0.013990440405905247, 0.02720545418560505, -0.010789051651954651, 0.03673962131142616, -0.03746333718299866, -0.039562273770570755, -0.014971498399972916, -0.012709470465779305, -0.05645051971077919, 0.01887449249625206, -0.04403981938958168, 0.003240235149860382, 0.04763810336589813, 0.00019307508773636073, -0.09066442400217056, 0.0604482926428318, -0.011143743991851807, 0.012219785712659359, 0.0804678201675415, -0.011393291875720024, -0.015367040410637856, 0.042404793202877045, 0.04256843775510788, 0.02373654954135418, 0.04510364308953285, -0.011003931984305382, -0.0028505586087703705, -0.004473805893212557, 0.03905849903821945, 0.1035858690738678, -0.028892390429973602, 0.04376792162656784, 0.12774702906608582, 0.002604695735499263, -0.023846525698900223, -0.00424274243414402, 0.10085450112819672, 0.03516029566526413, -0.07060622423887253, -0.03159354254603386, -0.046577826142311096, -0.044457897543907166, -0.10039420425891876, -0.010973264463245869, 0.021072031930088997, 0.00403974624350667, -0.0389271043241024, -0.04026283696293831, 0.016126930713653564, 0.04870738461613655, -0.01321400422602892, 0.05639170855283737, 0.04404369369149208, 0.059016842395067215, -0.05796435475349426, -0.005331697408109903, -0.04281523823738098, 0.008391390554606915, -0.09256619960069656, -0.0033427677117288113, 0.0005600489675998688, 0.028885411098599434, 0.018456103280186653, -0.0042533837258815765, 0.05551067739725113, -0.037293680012226105, -0.01888078823685646, -0.011226187460124493, 0.016719914972782135, 0.05654985085129738, 0.02613850310444832, 0.016788000240921974, 0.11675302684307098, 0.0710807666182518, -0.045442502945661545, -3.4972980991298375e-33, -0.012934179045259953, -0.01856398396193981, -0.029922882094979286, -0.05544768646359444, 0.042472291737794876, 0.07492204755544662, 0.05363432690501213, 0.002665585372596979, -0.030828120186924934, 0.038246702402830124, 0.05046641454100609, -0.0047692409716546535, 0.006822164170444012, -0.005644185934215784, 0.043477073311805725, -0.009497880935668945, -0.007915862835943699, -0.04011764004826546, -0.04212435707449913, -0.04335232824087143, 0.03451152145862579, 0.0038900207728147507, 0.06176673620939255, 0.0451582595705986, -0.018679596483707428, -0.021979432553052902, 0.014450116083025932, -0.019621795043349266, 0.02356024645268917, -0.08462046086788177, 0.04016437381505966, 0.030271388590335846, -0.03423132374882698, 0.08844351768493652, 0.06189599633216858, -0.05756651237607002, -0.022735031321644783, -0.075421541929245, -0.04037664458155632, 0.06005934625864029, 0.04955350607633591, 0.0700770765542984, 0.030039239674806595, -0.01424237247556448, 0.00784772913902998, -0.03120562434196472, 0.03099900297820568, -0.07265591621398926, -0.07511342316865921, -0.056757956743240356, -0.025310182943940163, -0.044814806431531906, -0.08087983727455139, 0.06448322534561157, 0.11561546474695206, -0.02299726940691471, -0.05586380884051323, -0.07909156382083893, -0.06485195457935333, 0.03317658603191376, -0.006883523892611265, 0.00688303355127573, -0.016346605494618416, -0.056768402457237244, -0.020480617880821228, -0.023506635800004005, 0.015267307870090008, -0.030016640201210976, -0.003800510661676526, 0.07225050032138824, -0.01962345279753208, 0.005502572748810053, -0.006362190004438162, -0.040639232844114304, -0.07849245518445969, -0.032408829778432846, -0.019636502489447594, -0.029057828709483147, -0.06812550127506256, 0.006386052817106247, -0.06162785738706589, -0.07349268347024918, 0.013826966285705566, -0.07388628274202347, -0.01339160930365324, 0.017961040139198303, 0.07544704526662827, 0.1253816783428192, -0.043234799057245255, 0.0151890330016613, -0.07481733709573746, -0.04142775759100914, -0.00884221587330103, 0.01467981468886137, 0.029564442113041878, -4.7457699992037305e-8, 0.006874185986816883, -0.028023526072502136, -0.005609386600553989, -0.0057501839473843575, -0.021280985325574875, -0.018492724746465683, -0.007425171788781881, -0.003604802768677473, -0.0762515738606453, 0.0907830148935318, 0.04412941262125969, -0.05672614648938179, -0.0338987298309803, 0.03907356038689613, 0.06284700334072113, -0.05745453014969826, 0.08647861331701279, 0.02863660268485546, 0.036671433597803116, -0.0865081399679184, 0.05910986289381981, 0.06313800066709518, -0.023009799420833588, -0.019553815945982933, -0.017233002930879593, 0.03229847177863121, -0.02176125906407833, 0.10760646313428879, -0.04840761423110962, -0.03186734393239021, 0.08216007053852081, 0.04830581322312355, -0.03233139589428902, 0.010208451189100742, 0.0429549515247345, -0.048420023173093796, -0.032203078269958496, -0.011155995540320873, 0.04760605841875076, 0.08114951848983765, 0.06668927520513535, 0.022338204085826874, 0.021045472472906113, 0.09839624166488647, -0.0003408474731259048, -0.06536441296339035, -0.08068825304508209, 0.06171806529164314, -0.029769759625196457, -0.0303886067122221, 0.11117957532405853, 0.05688682943582535, -0.025041630491614342, -0.00540442019701004, -0.007644672878086567, 0.08708148449659348, 0.0295509435236454, 0.06716271489858627, -0.0679304450750351, -0.08439590781927109, 0.14771853387355804, -0.022182483226060867, -0.03837360441684723, 0.015504706650972366 ]
nt effects in any of the addressed subcategories. Sensitivity analysis on the subcategory level only identified outliers ( 58 ) in subsyndromal symptoms [g=-0.22, (95% CI 0.53– 0.09)], without discerning significant intervention effects (see supplementary material S10). The certainty of evidence was rated very low for job stress and low for perceived stress, subsyndromal symptoms, as well as general mental health (see table 3 and supplementary material S15). Figure 2a.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.695
0.84
["career"]
473
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952223
[ -0.005261602345854044, -0.023061955347657204, 0.01325332373380661, 0.0938144326210022, 0.038983676582574844, -0.02730219066143036, -0.029062047600746155, 0.08651068806648254, -0.05307236313819885, -0.09164095669984818, -0.04592244699597359, -0.05098206549882889, -0.02879604697227478, -0.002597999293357134, -0.0254562608897686, 0.014581943862140179, 0.06387241929769516, 0.03890462592244148, -0.05572667717933655, -0.02861493080854416, -0.007173439022153616, 0.022655539214611053, 0.03321501985192299, 0.007024993654340506, -0.03108934685587883, 0.012325294315814972, -0.02449062280356884, 0.00032570146140642464, 0.051893625408411026, 0.0433562770485878, -0.06963497400283813, 0.04160114377737045, 0.008774975314736366, 0.0106118218973279, 0.03506987541913986, 0.010434219613671303, -0.013999754562973976, 0.04691929742693901, 0.002776081906631589, 0.03588319197297096, 0.0022703574504703283, -0.008119256235659122, 0.03304143622517586, -0.04101008549332619, -0.015786806121468544, -0.10793842375278473, -0.013610608875751495, -0.0496683195233345, -0.14849743247032166, 0.0057390728034079075, 0.04924539849162102, -0.04639753699302673, 0.10249818116426468, 0.021573815494775772, -0.007572938688099384, 0.010354246012866497, -0.008129061199724674, -0.06112431362271309, -0.01007616426795721, 0.12743616104125977, -0.00034978974144905806, -0.009801989421248436, -0.03248022496700287, -0.005930866580456495, 0.13467475771903992, 0.05782439187169075, -0.02020702324807644, -0.07013589143753052, 0.012981218285858631, 0.01706254482269287, 0.008520766161382198, -0.06417645514011383, -0.07806209474802017, -0.05434219166636467, 0.0547332689166069, -0.005538207478821278, -0.001187789486721158, 0.01588687114417553, 0.050164125859737396, -0.051849365234375, 0.07905517518520355, 0.1137438714504242, -0.019583823159337044, -0.026347698643803596, 0.017363296821713448, -0.09844708442687988, 0.05639321357011795, 0.028675979003310204, -0.13882142305374146, 0.06962013989686966, 0.1285979151725769, -0.10708976536989212, 0.00243295356631279, 0.0533008836209774, -0.031933389604091644, 0.007547709625214338, -0.040934737771749496, 0.05412708967924118, -0.04908401891589165, -0.031398456543684006, 0.003381993854418397, 0.023004602640867233, -0.06095943599939346, 0.10778775066137314, -0.04732392728328705, -0.031815484166145325, 0.035966139286756516, -0.06955993920564651, -0.031757913529872894, 0.013533508405089378, -0.11577048897743225, 0.021283820271492004, 0.034244947135448456, -0.04374510794878006, -0.07244127243757248, -0.10022547096014023, 0.014425938948988914, 0.07336796075105667, 0.02279367856681347, 0.020823679864406586, 0.03155756741762161, -0.006103562656790018, 0.01574544981122017, 0.04120441898703575, 0.03474203497171402, -0.0039269449189305305, -0.1497698575258255, 4.970401905641404e-33, 0.12854531407356262, 0.011552260257303715, -0.024668307974934578, -0.030459225177764893, 0.006637484300881624, -0.01333499513566494, -0.0670364499092102, -0.035288143903017044, 0.09900044649839401, 0.10102172940969467, -0.01821521855890751, 0.02813614346086979, -0.014595183543860912, -0.05415547639131546, -0.056393444538116455, 0.09526340663433075, -0.010300606489181519, 0.04483174905180931, -0.06199941039085388, 0.056033991277217865, -0.04146585240960121, -0.0015548914670944214, -0.06679603457450867, 0.019956307485699654, -0.0700426995754242, 0.02303350158035755, -0.016614701598882675, 0.006752967368811369, -0.000522912887390703, 0.006547164171934128, -0.05101394280791283, -0.0008598538115620613, 0.014592516236007214, -0.07997692376375198, -0.021885350346565247, 0.009229416958987713, 0.02378232032060623, 0.04094315692782402, 0.050003085285425186, -0.03586964309215546, -0.009515671990811825, 0.010565864853560925, 0.0023437177296727896, 0.04159681126475334, 0.11117855459451675, 0.008021291345357895, 0.020657414570450783, -0.062330130487680435, -0.027566010132431984, 0.08040831238031387, -0.06257978826761246, 0.06308836489915848, 0.057367339730262756, -0.03350602090358734, -0.05409768968820572, 0.012914489954710007, 0.024784382432699203, -0.055557526648044586, -0.023267926648259163, 0.05055280029773712, -0.025042368099093437, -0.062037624418735504, -0.011680573225021362, -0.09740377217531204, 0.012906137853860855, -0.03902024030685425, -0.035399194806814194, -0.013298536650836468, -0.07276695221662521, 0.07419440150260925, -0.052075497806072235, 0.041084129363298416, -0.004635273013263941, 0.05709705874323845, -0.040657855570316315, -0.0007729702047072351, 0.015810677781701088, 0.03890449181199074, -0.04858473315834999, -0.1083529144525528, -0.03387592360377312, 0.010395027697086334, 0.055660005658864975, -0.023181231692433357, 0.0679967924952507, -0.019681088626384735, -0.06632456183433533, -0.04993133619427681, -0.006319632288068533, 0.04602735862135887, 0.044565584510564804, -0.005594994872808456, 0.03177288547158241, 0.04276439547538757, -0.014725332148373127, -5.143480591830524e-33, -0.05796359106898308, 0.04763578623533249, -0.10893479734659195, -0.07368982583284378, -0.029290026053786278, -0.008833624422550201, 0.0551740825176239, 0.02972077950835228, 0.008707774803042412, 0.1020234078168869, 0.03724216669797897, 0.05452015995979309, -0.02290647104382515, 0.0017349434783682227, 0.02470250613987446, 0.04631064832210541, -0.040764760226011276, 0.08032427728176117, 0.0063461908139288425, -0.03563764691352844, 0.07197057455778122, 0.026767747476696968, -0.0050129517912864685, 0.05655139312148094, 0.004872486460953951, 0.036929260939359665, -0.040347252041101456, -0.05088582634925842, -0.033663567155599594, -0.05256723240017891, 0.0014568355400115252, 0.10641918331384659, -0.016683869063854218, 0.05998430773615837, 0.06585218757390976, -0.06943236291408539, -0.03957778215408325, -0.10501867532730103, -0.07232575118541718, 0.04143517091870308, -0.0025338521227240562, 0.1319202482700348, -0.007412393111735582, 0.024317163974046707, 0.050924915820360184, 0.015464838594198227, 0.0286561269313097, -0.10530304163694382, 0.010666836984455585, 0.012246697209775448, 0.020675666630268097, 0.0008783535449765623, 0.07291000336408615, 0.0886620581150055, 0.05962076783180237, -0.03263125196099281, -0.041756149381399155, -0.06651594489812851, -0.04640979319810867, 0.08104497939348221, -0.0013585758861154318, 0.02223900333046913, -0.048477981239557266, -0.0915263220667839, -0.00004817879380425438, -0.00408281059935689, -0.01554698497056961, -0.027961548417806625, 0.026874354109168053, 0.02326776273548603, -0.04073745384812355, 0.0008664106717333198, 0.015226086601614952, -0.09433089941740036, -0.021118659526109695, -0.015314466319978237, 0.015066365711390972, -0.01948719285428524, -0.04131681099534035, -0.000795526837464422, -0.07007868587970734, -0.012252558954060078, 0.07129615545272827, -0.013115405105054379, -0.06563851237297058, 0.027362074702978134, 0.06468234211206436, 0.09202110022306442, -0.07680049538612366, -0.006694225128740072, -0.05347245931625366, 0.017383592203259468, -0.02405734919011593, -0.044828616082668304, 0.011848881840705872, -5.072971376307578e-8, -0.032732486724853516, -0.052334677428007126, -0.03190498426556587, -0.060838546603918076, 0.020342225208878517, -0.016401929780840874, -0.09994439035654068, 0.039741162210702896, -0.06445814669132233, 0.07352329045534134, -0.040604691952466965, -0.026554664596915245, -0.05846787616610527, 0.013762939721345901, 0.057789549231529236, -0.004416793119162321, 0.09735192358493805, 0.0520334355533123, 0.003930139821022749, 0.016248205676674843, 0.0622900053858757, 0.0852075070142746, 0.013637633062899113, 0.031157594174146652, -0.02813604660332203, -0.009317594580352306, 0.023673616349697113, 0.07247277349233627, -0.0026123144198209047, -0.026007356122136116, 0.08175899088382721, 0.012225599028170109, -0.007583764381706715, -0.00023582791618537158, -0.0112013453617692, 0.021757852286100388, 0.02559019811451435, -0.004848238080739975, 0.004874169360846281, 0.11902965605258942, 0.0039028171449899673, -0.027453908696770668, -0.022954564541578293, 0.06946150958538055, -0.009849490597844124, -0.06999725848436356, -0.06453246623277664, 0.03428373113274574, -0.01563301309943199, -0.04372487962245941, 0.004936511628329754, 0.01483112946152687, -0.034709468483924866, 0.06996940076351166, -0.015869956463575363, 0.016613047569990158, 0.014806206338107586, 0.07516251504421234, -0.04474936053156853, -0.04438960924744606, 0.11195230484008789, -0.0222062636166811, -0.011582818813621998, -0.007634833920747042 ]
ble 3 and supplementary material S15). Figure 2a. Open in a new tab Forest plot of changes in mental health Figure 2b. Open in a new tab Forest plot of changes in work-related outcomes after exclusion of outliers. Figure 2c. Open in a new tab orest plot of changes in leadership-related outcomes after exclusion of outliers Heterogeneity and exploratory moderator analyses The meta-analyses revealed substantially high heterogeneity with I 2 >72% and wide prediction intervals for all interventions, all main and
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.1
0.862
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952242
[ 0.11107446998357773, 0.019656822085380554, 0.007974960841238499, 0.054062798619270325, 0.10254485160112381, 0.0441557951271534, -0.07112190872430801, 0.025734918192029, -0.010188881307840347, 0.021233772858977318, -0.0006948280497454107, 0.04797525703907013, -0.07363458722829819, -0.007378261536359787, 0.02597842365503311, -0.050500765442848206, -0.010301034897565842, 0.026880184188485146, -0.08912154287099838, -0.057629525661468506, -0.027213871479034424, -0.01950075849890709, 0.04568931460380554, 0.03942283242940903, -0.06000418961048126, -0.021814359351992607, -0.05493202060461044, -0.01722567342221737, -0.021065516397356987, -0.025258313864469528, -0.02054658904671669, 0.007420203182846308, 0.000535161467269063, -0.033939510583877563, -0.06953203678131104, -0.04557737335562706, 0.014354856684803963, 0.10855087637901306, 0.03736835718154907, -0.015063794329762459, -0.059535615146160126, 0.0036555358674377203, 0.05074629932641983, -0.0007258380646817386, -0.07715815305709839, -0.08084528148174286, -0.037244804203510284, -0.08903143554925919, -0.09316913038492203, -0.04285807907581329, -0.054072923958301544, 0.012745637446641922, 0.008316638879477978, 0.06934337317943573, 0.055259037762880325, 0.010509911924600601, 0.03663279488682747, -0.07772766053676605, 0.03238721191883087, 0.054255902767181396, 0.0025438806042075157, -0.002271760953590274, -0.06969720870256424, -0.023809850215911865, -0.008445344865322113, 0.06069840118288994, -0.04982675984501839, -0.012501602061092854, -0.043362364172935486, -0.03181450068950653, 0.06772905588150024, -0.08577359467744827, -0.05263247713446617, -0.005273125600069761, 0.0943290963768959, 0.05811115354299545, -0.0444568507373333, 0.06698347628116608, 0.05850578472018242, -0.033590998500585556, 0.012383208610117435, 0.08728307485580444, 0.03322076052427292, 0.08250118046998978, 0.01450103335082531, -0.04077669233083725, -0.011572242714464664, 0.002125931903719902, -0.00058706384152174, 0.030534226447343826, 0.02720208652317524, 0.051212720572948456, -0.02704070881009102, 0.06962094455957413, -0.1035500168800354, -0.01888229511678219, -0.06754977256059647, 0.04616551473736763, 0.0212563443928957, 0.0678757056593895, 0.028859246522188187, -0.02821301855146885, -0.02536684274673462, 0.014331642538309097, 0.006154707632958889, -0.060986485332250595, 0.0673251748085022, -0.02641979232430458, -0.046961840242147446, -0.026445843279361725, -0.0174960196018219, -0.01113562285900116, 0.022993138059973717, -0.04668966680765152, 0.02690114639699459, -0.04886194318532944, -0.04235285893082619, 0.058074675500392914, -0.0306218434125185, 0.06863830238580704, 0.09463153034448624, 0.008986318483948708, 0.02429131045937538, 0.061560120433568954, 0.002366284839808941, 0.034497085958719254, -0.11943512409925461, 7.372176004003333e-33, 0.09434640407562256, -0.017545141279697418, 0.0528440847992897, 0.08456839621067047, 0.10611608624458313, -0.00986393727362156, -0.0504026897251606, -0.1002778485417366, 0.10030578076839447, -0.03202689811587334, -0.061697475612163544, 0.042149852961301804, -0.04817492887377739, 0.00010354016558267176, -0.04646766930818558, 0.01947978138923645, -0.04157252237200737, 0.05006220191717148, -0.08350683748722076, 0.018897244706749916, 0.02422374114394188, -0.027649560943245888, -0.05874963477253914, 0.002364292973652482, 0.006591040641069412, 0.05824628099799156, -0.02037043496966362, -0.048723336309194565, -0.034700024873018265, 0.03816981241106987, 0.0075974240899086, 0.02949310466647148, -0.011621392332017422, -0.03038128651678562, -0.049846116453409195, -0.028442908078432083, -0.0090663256123662, -0.018720047548413277, 0.04352843016386032, 0.0003109549288637936, -0.027484286576509476, -0.014976072125136852, 0.038725532591342926, -0.005465602036565542, 0.05955200642347336, -0.037761788815259933, -0.003323996439576149, -0.020080553367733955, 0.0493265762925148, 0.10814311355352402, -0.09933274239301682, 0.0752846971154213, 0.07728751003742218, -0.006959212478250265, -0.025115041062235832, -0.031633757054805756, 0.06363707035779953, 0.002134969923645258, -0.001140870968811214, 0.015477760694921017, 0.08827338367700577, 0.012672862969338894, -0.10777305066585541, -0.0047989278100430965, 0.03558233752846718, 0.013022073544561863, -0.011685393750667572, -0.09081581979990005, -0.007643143180757761, 0.0036312630400061607, -0.060062509030103683, 0.07675200700759888, -0.026337819173932076, 0.021937061101198196, -0.07184267044067383, -0.01283834595233202, -0.03463488444685936, -0.009151660837233067, -0.01639527827501297, -0.03401131182909012, -0.0075527373701334, 0.03141649067401886, -0.05082118138670921, -0.020208008587360382, -0.028211884200572968, -0.019061345607042313, 0.03371262177824974, 0.017211731523275375, 0.020169338211417198, 0.05955162271857262, 0.0011607687920331955, 0.006513507105410099, 0.05755194276571274, 0.05552852153778076, -0.03829123079776764, -9.441751358061052e-33, -0.060576438903808594, 0.013396530412137508, 0.07160905748605728, -0.0641326829791069, 0.12109869718551636, 0.09745325893163681, 0.031029917299747467, -0.07332637161016464, 0.09227333217859268, -0.002588204573839903, 0.0654192641377449, -0.034294549375772476, 0.035643357783555984, 0.010796956717967987, 0.0386212058365345, -0.054290514439344406, -0.025577673688530922, -0.05693626031279564, -0.08721499890089035, -0.02905765362083912, 0.08304235339164734, 0.011891956441104412, 0.0597284771502018, 0.050584401935338974, -0.02313864789903164, -0.05188186466693878, 0.00788254477083683, 0.05582530051469803, -0.03417058289051056, -0.06734586507081985, 0.014673274010419846, 0.00855023693293333, -0.007220829837024212, -0.0534813217818737, 0.004097283352166414, -0.024962546303868294, 0.007217510603368282, -0.12748409807682037, -0.08391775190830231, 0.004733129404485226, -0.004608733579516411, 0.027362285181879997, 0.018638335168361664, -0.02168835885822773, -0.016646258533000946, 0.03743857890367508, -0.018368402495980263, -0.07105089724063873, -0.025491852313280106, -0.010387200862169266, -0.03665420040488243, 0.006856647320091724, -0.046709079295396805, 0.01476066280156374, 0.03187509998679161, -0.05857117846608162, 0.03523414954543114, -0.09619081020355225, -0.12503787875175476, 0.05055850371718407, -0.07299038767814636, 0.06286630034446716, -0.05810040980577469, -0.017882535234093666, -0.008566495962440968, -0.03812117129564285, 0.0035130002070218325, -0.09425333142280579, 0.029069067910313606, 0.04176010563969612, -0.04865890368819237, -0.09526806324720383, -0.016787270084023476, -0.07683514058589935, 0.021311797201633453, -0.01596052199602127, -0.037604209035634995, 0.014456409960985184, -0.09847311675548553, -0.013325763866305351, 0.03893127664923668, -0.06743011623620987, 0.06564721465110779, -0.11452540755271912, -0.04177529737353325, 0.059814900159835815, 0.0373430997133255, 0.08364539593458176, -0.021590204909443855, 0.03659545257687569, -0.07707147300243378, -0.06873197853565216, -0.06397052109241486, 0.03911997750401497, -0.012712458148598671, -5.8360235755117174e-8, -0.0335407555103302, 0.04507049545645714, -0.03273652121424675, 0.04959646612405777, -0.014323069714009762, -0.015994811430573463, -0.056342776864767075, 0.04594191536307335, -0.04060038924217224, 0.09247967600822449, 0.07702217996120453, -0.032208409160375595, 0.0004464400408323854, -0.03166068717837334, 0.03618261590600014, -0.035686515271663666, 0.032976482063531876, 0.07189098745584488, 0.03062990866601467, -0.07831914722919464, -0.0014273038832470775, 0.024194808676838875, 0.007291800808161497, -0.06971155107021332, -0.003683297196403146, 0.05632074177265167, -0.10676799714565277, 0.08789561688899994, -0.03732408583164215, 0.03244150057435036, 0.0950087234377861, 0.03400565683841705, 0.007938253693282604, 0.009722300805151463, -0.01090438012033701, -0.047587767243385315, 0.00543596176430583, 0.0013186305295675993, 0.015165289863944054, 0.0364222414791584, 0.10219430178403854, 0.02226080372929573, 0.006343798711895943, 0.05767960846424103, -0.04515162110328674, -0.02450605295598507, -0.05604162812232971, 0.0763668566942215, 0.010233479551970959, -0.09798730909824371, 0.03946917504072189, 0.06324442476034164, 0.0006468300707638264, 0.0014453924959525466, 0.039882559329271317, 0.11831486970186234, 0.03039741888642311, 0.012135257944464684, -0.09452685713768005, -0.0590914823114872, 0.11912011355161667, -0.06300393491983414, -0.05626687780022621, -0.02089892327785492 ]
tion intervals for all interventions, all main and subcategory level outcome categories except mindfulness and perceived stress (see supplementary material S8, S9 and S10). In order to explain heterogeneity in effect sizes, exploratory moderator analyses were performed (see supplementary material S11 and S12). When considering all analyzed interventions, moderator analyses indicated that leader-targeted SMI rated as having 'some concerns' due to the fact that their RoB produced significantly higher effect s
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.842
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952263
[ 0.045130837708711624, 0.04500226676464081, 0.008021701127290726, 0.029561206698417664, 0.09327021986246109, 0.034301601350307465, -0.03628737851977348, 0.055003952234983444, -0.0018169553950428963, -0.05172937363386154, 0.029105452820658684, 0.028750553727149963, 0.015312490984797478, 0.008728097192943096, 0.032967545092105865, 0.022584427148103714, 0.04496125504374504, 0.05300578847527504, -0.1476619392633438, -0.01868763007223606, -0.005920735653489828, -0.023280777037143707, 0.03113086335361004, 0.017277292907238007, -0.07726600766181946, -0.017445538192987442, -0.08888351917266846, -0.01780862547457218, 0.024351218715310097, 0.04301109164953232, -0.04202548414468765, 0.045550014823675156, 0.035754699259996414, -0.010923558846116066, -0.0674281194806099, -0.004903894849121571, -0.005525778979063034, 0.036311350762844086, -0.028498729690909386, -0.08185471594333649, 0.002695051021873951, -0.020861901342868805, 0.035976000130176544, -0.09269498288631439, 0.011966736055910587, -0.10429642349481583, -0.02223730832338333, -0.02977755293250084, -0.0980161726474762, -0.047058310359716415, -0.011732135899364948, -0.054875779896974564, 0.04013420641422272, 0.02762054093182087, 0.04536474496126175, -0.035687755793333054, -0.04200587049126625, -0.004524481017142534, 0.041654590517282486, 0.03629511967301369, -0.060818932950496674, 0.018710318952798843, -0.1067991629242897, -0.019680872559547424, 0.03981124982237816, 0.07413540035486221, -0.016918804496526718, -0.021430397406220436, -0.0036678477190434933, 0.01821906678378582, 0.05401987582445145, -0.10368859022855759, -0.03486371785402298, -0.011981505900621414, 0.049304209649562836, 0.05091244727373123, -0.005696726962924004, 0.027771063148975372, 0.04542502015829086, -0.0119335250928998, 0.002554867882281542, 0.04278450831770897, 0.023830249905586243, 0.06146969273686409, -0.01464516669511795, -0.07366202771663666, 0.057443030178546906, 0.029024401679635048, -0.03853406384587288, 0.19191670417785645, 0.06467175483703613, 0.07697920501232147, -0.05589541047811508, -0.02755194902420044, -0.0379018634557724, -0.03344978764653206, -0.16394729912281036, -0.017472920939326286, -0.05964960157871246, 0.008109640330076218, 0.06999310106039047, 0.03520068898797035, -0.08240272849798203, -0.03266797587275505, -0.00640407158061862, -0.04092071205377579, 0.07392251491546631, -0.05029899999499321, -0.02442430704832077, -0.0011949317995458841, -0.022560864686965942, 0.01193301659077406, 0.03543559089303017, -0.05524005368351936, 0.019766520708799362, -0.06959066540002823, -0.06015707179903984, 0.11294092983007431, 0.0724501758813858, -0.03898591920733452, 0.11149581521749496, -0.038880765438079834, 0.08074066042900085, 0.008032056502997875, 0.02872508019208908, 0.021946953609585762, -0.09111841022968292, 3.160023790623968e-33, 0.09087415784597397, -0.028321553021669388, 0.02684481255710125, 0.06400374323129654, 0.06495670229196548, 0.04177698493003845, -0.05194797366857529, -0.026905639097094536, 0.019423136487603188, -0.04004857316613197, -0.03448129817843437, 0.02486158162355423, -0.003155228914692998, 0.0712658017873764, 0.011347809806466103, -0.023593615740537643, -0.04090370982885361, 0.0856817364692688, -0.04090879485011101, -0.007063340395689011, 0.02018338441848755, 0.0007803153712302446, -0.02914303168654442, 0.026358963921666145, -0.016009749844670296, -0.009947236627340317, 0.0074594891630113125, 0.019978748634457588, -0.08094779402017593, 0.03240397945046425, -0.02977602183818817, 0.02841128222644329, 0.019550872966647148, -0.01628410443663597, -0.05333108454942703, 0.0642474889755249, 0.03786884993314743, -0.017601706087589264, 0.04884349927306175, -0.015301452949643135, 0.029312314465641975, 0.04392440617084503, 0.006002866663038731, 0.05157443881034851, -0.037219513207674026, -0.03286559507250786, 0.004736179020255804, -0.008913391269743443, 0.018798869103193283, 0.022667353972792625, -0.10743732005357742, 0.04667067900300026, 0.12492022663354874, -0.03400300070643425, -0.020858045667409897, -0.029892509803175926, 0.0662929117679596, 0.017367122694849968, -0.020965244621038437, -0.016974665224552155, -0.0013763768365606666, 0.005063424818217754, -0.1185675784945488, 0.03866719827055931, 0.02111262083053589, 0.013978599570691586, -0.08064182102680206, -0.10659058392047882, -0.004278732463717461, 0.036498237401247025, -0.03460505232214928, 0.05501198768615723, 0.043376579880714417, 0.01640523225069046, -0.0030973253306001425, -0.09855332970619202, -0.026604004204273224, 0.045941587537527084, -0.012946002185344696, 0.025513768196105957, 0.005093321669846773, 0.017747068777680397, -0.009077422320842743, -0.052773214876651764, -0.04414525255560875, -0.04069030284881592, -0.035201121121644974, -0.003478653496131301, -0.021841568872332573, -0.029151039198040962, 0.040160030126571655, -0.01926019974052906, 0.06763048470020294, 0.09030231088399887, -0.06572684645652771, -4.3683724738677695e-33, -0.0522291362285614, 0.0057289982214570045, 0.06861675530672073, -0.041599541902542114, 0.09844232350587845, 0.056415267288684845, -0.032460976392030716, -0.043028898537158966, 0.08547038584947586, 0.006236167158931494, 0.06715086847543716, -0.010687591508030891, 0.04203653708100319, -0.009273943491280079, 0.04390430822968483, -0.042970649898052216, -0.02887621894478798, -0.07834314554929733, -0.05072539672255516, -0.050103869289159775, 0.053877104073762894, 0.013377244584262371, 0.08533712476491928, 0.01269511878490448, 0.00022167772112879902, -0.05415410175919533, 0.004091926850378513, 0.05349443480372429, 0.0143287880346179, -0.05580057576298714, 0.058399297297000885, -0.011786089278757572, -0.002186883706599474, 0.02809102088212967, 0.0621081106364727, 0.026229649782180786, 0.02992919646203518, -0.06936942785978317, -0.07356971502304077, 0.02279563434422016, 0.02612166479229927, 0.01424506213515997, -0.009728114120662212, 0.007758746854960918, 0.018593713641166687, 0.05825056880712509, -0.026386162266135216, -0.035527970641851425, -0.08057449758052826, 0.006951380521059036, -0.03876109793782234, 0.023685062304139137, 0.0039487131871283054, 0.03295094519853592, 0.10159575939178467, -0.10285420715808868, 0.034726325422525406, -0.08133251965045929, -0.10304014384746552, 0.002155054360628128, -0.02731655165553093, 0.01244314108043909, -0.04797162115573883, -0.01164927240461111, -0.020172562450170517, 0.03810815140604973, 0.06280507892370224, -0.030094938352704048, -0.0141008784994483, -0.024073775857686996, -0.03470299020409584, -0.0584309920668602, -0.0033153921831399202, -0.07205373048782349, -0.07943516969680786, -0.03240789845585823, -0.02075534500181675, 0.01736675389111042, -0.056299928575754166, -0.04007255285978317, -0.03767324239015579, -0.028520317748188972, 0.00017242215108126402, -0.0687972828745842, -0.04509897902607918, 0.06521616876125336, 0.10015516728162766, 0.0767524465918541, 0.017252599820494652, 0.08679521828889847, -0.06556879729032516, -0.07404954731464386, 0.010418521240353584, 0.03633754700422287, 0.015366187319159508, -4.7616008913564656e-8, -0.008004066534340382, -0.020544636994600296, -0.06072574853897095, 0.08882870525121689, -0.015561126172542572, 0.025243837386369705, -0.017432821914553642, 0.034021470695734024, -0.06387009471654892, 0.10740388929843903, 0.08143091201782227, -0.05241609737277031, -0.012110594660043716, -0.06749826669692993, 0.05142639949917793, -0.1061171218752861, 0.05651085078716278, 0.03231966868042946, 0.02064846083521843, -0.04519069194793701, 0.033975351601839066, 0.01755662076175213, 0.015000206418335438, -0.08401244133710861, -0.016030553728342056, 0.01795811392366886, -0.06445515155792236, 0.09268708527088165, -0.06686173379421234, -0.02887537144124508, 0.05292780324816704, -0.04101013019680977, -0.031043974682688713, 0.0026410704012960196, -0.042777448892593384, 0.014970147050917149, -0.02864239551126957, -0.016782712191343307, 0.09671474993228912, 0.06465896964073181, 0.04753347486257553, 0.017763547599315643, 0.021368641406297684, 0.09209957718849182, -0.033092860132455826, -0.040187153965234756, -0.08460862934589386, 0.02256004884839058, 0.016346633434295654, -0.0447537861764431, 0.05816776305437088, 0.0970289334654808, -0.034517139196395874, 0.008264202624559402, 0.04204902425408363, 0.08190116286277771, 0.05505678430199623, 0.030895883217453957, -0.020114116370677948, -0.022114772349596024, 0.12534010410308838, -0.012670419178903103, -0.10888393223285675, -0.04357156902551651 ]
-0.17 (95% CI -0.56–0.22)] and other time frames. For psychological stress, the moderator analysis found that cognitive-behavioral interventions yielded significantly higher effect sizes [g=-0.17, (95% CI -0.36– -0,00)] compared to other intervention types. Regarding mental health, moderator analyses indicated that the intervention effect of leader-targeted SMI was significantly higher in RCT [g=-0.42, (95% CI, -0.79– -0.04)] compared to CBA [g=-0.21, (95% CI -0.44–0.01)].
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.695
0.676
["leadership"]
477
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952283
[ 0.03937472775578499, 0.07921844720840454, 0.0073247565887868404, 0.04402527958154678, 0.06354504823684692, 0.08529127389192581, -0.021116511896252632, 0.07779930531978607, 0.011955874972045422, -0.032537270337343216, 0.005320741329342127, -0.014583643525838852, 0.0252887811511755, 0.005464579444378614, 0.059040892869234085, 0.0028361256700009108, 0.05614224821329117, 0.043142594397068024, -0.10479699820280075, -0.023461362347006798, -0.021300483494997025, -0.006208302918821573, 0.013236290775239468, 0.038902830332517624, -0.06279001384973526, 0.02959773689508438, -0.07943382859230042, -0.025542810559272766, 0.00896411668509245, 0.03460565209388733, -0.01534013357013464, -0.00670281145721674, 0.028703385964035988, 0.009787832386791706, -0.04162090644240379, -0.042303889989852905, -0.017429353669285774, 0.04909348115324974, 0.010379173792898655, -0.0763552188873291, -0.023978127166628838, 0.0077317035757005215, 0.016360115259885788, -0.015070484019815922, 0.008261614479124546, -0.08527874946594238, -0.02079637721180916, 0.0028913288842886686, -0.08752037584781647, -0.08065719902515411, -0.05760974436998367, 0.02996664308011532, 0.08105804026126862, 0.0628460943698883, 0.07136481255292892, 0.03064957819879055, 0.005066775716841221, -0.041983913630247116, 0.049659885466098785, 0.0350504033267498, -0.11105456203222275, -0.014353930950164795, -0.054997265338897705, -0.016773108392953873, 0.02032354660332203, 0.03865045681595802, -0.040589284151792526, -0.05580923706293106, 0.020712340250611305, -0.06141163781285286, 0.022657286375761032, -0.10677041858434677, 0.005076720379292965, -0.0363558791577816, 0.08834891766309738, 0.09737888723611832, -0.06336666643619537, 0.045396916568279266, 0.07469877600669861, 0.03708439692854881, 0.07819745689630508, 0.04698171839118004, 0.028601188212633133, 0.029929151758551598, 0.014602979645133018, -0.07419303059577942, 0.05390805006027222, 0.02876601368188858, -0.04145542159676552, 0.17428196966648102, 0.0513409785926342, 0.03870471566915512, -0.007301656994968653, 0.023297734558582306, -0.10076463222503662, -0.029903069138526917, -0.14262007176876068, 0.031378865242004395, -0.07516225427389145, 0.0013422701740637422, 0.05247329920530319, 0.012414028868079185, -0.10536307096481323, -0.026545995846390724, -0.023553717881441116, -0.06122749671339989, 0.05461049824953079, -0.06762836873531342, 0.00018307050049770623, -0.01920771412551403, -0.06327054649591446, -0.03647764399647713, -0.009457606822252274, -0.07698282599449158, 0.010789234191179276, -0.028452938422560692, -0.0775090679526329, 0.0948430672287941, 0.08206107467412949, -0.05253558233380318, 0.13934637606143951, 0.014601764269173145, 0.0815560445189476, 0.001810663379728794, 0.03045462630689144, 0.030421627685427666, -0.06580257415771484, -1.2504697682406331e-33, 0.07135288417339325, 0.009747084230184555, 0.02209661155939102, 0.09852192550897598, 0.004876998253166676, 0.02676577679812908, -0.029856741428375244, -0.015236513689160347, 0.02205517701804638, -0.04776572436094284, -0.05367739871144295, -0.0009659767965786159, -0.04302925616502762, 0.051846135407686234, -0.023892370983958244, -0.0158978421241045, -0.02322986349463463, -0.003742747940123081, -0.039377376437187195, -0.012005588039755821, 0.02215198427438736, 0.003620346775278449, 0.008200561627745628, 0.05078794062137604, 0.0522647351026535, -0.045786239206790924, 0.011336278170347214, -0.021326592192053795, -0.04947814717888832, 0.030407294631004333, -0.04758622869849205, 0.006823761388659477, -0.01129643339663744, -0.039477065205574036, -0.05902889743447304, 0.029169952496886253, 0.03185775503516197, -0.025993267074227333, -0.0030928379856050014, -0.006944973021745682, -0.010881975293159485, 0.008914167061448097, 0.001115657389163971, 0.06927623599767685, 0.011974351480603218, -0.02681821770966053, -0.05816780775785446, -0.0476103276014328, -0.034892041236162186, 0.042502131313085556, -0.10879070311784744, 0.06223307549953461, 0.10333757102489471, -0.018715063109993935, -0.02797286957502365, -0.019070785492658615, 0.07600651681423187, -0.01232758816331625, -0.034436680376529694, -0.02241632528603077, -0.02419464662671089, 0.020718183368444443, -0.1568731665611267, 0.05384702980518341, 0.07019016891717911, 0.008401134982705116, -0.05880899354815483, -0.06294844299554825, -0.016264300793409348, -0.0024573286063969135, -0.0015266711125150323, 0.03617442399263382, 0.03181437775492668, -0.0005811906885355711, -0.04320111870765686, -0.09470590204000473, -0.028072481974959373, 0.01446900051087141, -0.05512135103344917, -0.01952679455280304, 0.03269846737384796, -0.04584643989801407, -0.012418299913406372, -0.04742150008678436, -0.004810902755707502, -0.04896514490246773, -0.039421744644641876, -0.028298361226916313, 0.007382930722087622, -0.03488529846072197, 0.02459075301885605, -0.020881440490484238, 0.10638350248336792, 0.13706159591674805, -0.0774470865726471, -1.1810222048425255e-33, 0.02236098237335682, -0.020237306132912636, 0.08074674010276794, -0.022559944540262222, 0.1386558562517166, 0.06705774366855621, -0.002538844011723995, -0.070358045399189, 0.019627492874860764, -0.03764529898762703, 0.0637422651052475, -0.025874491780996323, 0.036287084221839905, 0.04089098051190376, 0.06783466786146164, -0.03847571089863777, -0.02193131484091282, -0.03587958961725235, -0.0534890741109848, -0.022191358730196953, 0.03707021102309227, -0.01110986340790987, 0.11756931245326996, 0.04926689714193344, -0.0394911952316761, -0.065648153424263, 0.04913565143942833, 0.0231305081397295, 0.07593729346990585, 0.018642570823431015, 0.04340802878141403, 0.06816824525594711, 0.009979655034840107, 0.07019896060228348, 0.010685456916689873, 0.033753033727407455, 0.01707732304930687, -0.053782057017087936, -0.07206994295120239, 0.040703944861888885, -0.02395734377205372, 0.0767168402671814, 0.043973881751298904, -0.03338140249252319, 0.011065438389778137, 0.06304630637168884, 0.026950299739837646, -0.07753325253725052, -0.08614350110292435, 0.0768783763051033, -0.024684948846697807, 0.01593937911093235, -0.023738611489534378, 0.006313348188996315, 0.08301761746406555, -0.06874766200780869, -0.005827702581882477, -0.09508166462182999, -0.07801375538110733, -0.026913214474916458, -0.0016314707463607192, 0.027753479778766632, -0.029594896361231804, -0.04377365484833717, -0.03167630732059479, 0.002716311253607273, 0.011991317383944988, 0.001819139113649726, -0.02824745513498783, 0.01646844856441021, -0.036924585700035095, -0.020925477147102356, 0.06445684283971786, -0.04064653441309929, -0.08178297430276871, -0.031568314880132675, -0.0589987188577652, 0.04820055142045021, -0.05165152996778488, -0.059019748121500015, -0.020913783460855484, -0.04593903198838234, 0.012835419736802578, -0.035289134830236435, -0.0327577069401741, 0.0366336852312088, 0.0839272290468216, 0.06829830259084702, 0.05041852593421936, 0.074602410197258, -0.11060987412929535, -0.01137895043939352, 0.002701431280001998, 0.00554291857406497, -0.007731485180556774, -5.440169204007361e-8, 0.0014195896219462156, -0.04208986833691597, -0.07758839428424835, 0.061287567019462585, 0.051670584827661514, 0.036146603524684906, -0.053275346755981445, -0.06480944156646729, -0.007300748489797115, 0.04206288978457451, 0.060169726610183716, -0.009882409125566483, -0.06353593617677689, -0.011863883584737778, 0.006474613677710295, -0.1105693057179451, 0.07366486638784409, 0.005492393858730793, 0.08822040259838104, -0.0310075543820858, -0.031281374394893646, 0.011243206448853016, 0.0164706502109766, -0.0167519710958004, -0.014660779386758804, 0.05204208567738533, -0.04559432715177536, 0.07132450491189957, -0.053365159779787064, 0.028689803555607796, 0.034889571368694305, 0.008379658684134483, -0.005509715061634779, 0.02053576149046421, -0.040160197764635086, -0.02751648612320423, -0.013193369843065739, -0.035455167293548584, 0.03753408044576645, 0.05364375561475754, 0.03893788903951645, 0.03810439631342888, 0.00617940491065383, 0.06218830496072769, 0.011412497609853745, -0.03094908595085144, -0.071749746799469, 0.03317198529839516, -0.02196560613811016, -0.06958543509244919, 0.03367023169994354, 0.08317242562770844, -0.0921582281589508, 0.02802109904587269, 0.02499469369649887, 0.09668246656656265, 0.05053376778960228, 0.042968373745679855, -0.028528548777103424, -0.08429171144962311, 0.06666155904531479, -0.04034602269530296, -0.06683336943387985, -0.02144959382712841 ]
] compared to CBA [g=-0.21, (95% CI -0.44–0.01)]. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that interventions employing face-to-face training [g=-0.51, (95% CI, -0.97– -0.06)] and utilizing a mixed delivery mode approach [g=-0.76, (95% CI -1.43– -0.09)] yielded significantly larger effect sizes compared to interventions utilizing virtual training, as well as those employing a single delivery approach. Detailed information on moderator analyses is displayed in supplementary material S11 and S12.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.398
0.684
[]
491
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952301
[ 0.03406066447496414, 0.04773595184087753, 0.008662919513881207, 0.04369474947452545, -0.013341276906430721, 0.06369087100028992, -0.05416955053806305, 0.07150948792695999, -0.056196942925453186, -0.04677056148648262, 0.028012102469801903, -0.024780191481113434, -0.006079674232751131, -0.004309618379920721, 0.03379437327384949, -0.0012566365767270327, 0.13718393445014954, 0.04664735496044159, -0.07536657154560089, 0.02170960046350956, 0.012462420389056206, 0.05421878397464752, 0.04993462562561035, 0.05826626345515251, -0.08926638215780258, 0.028950680047273636, -0.09277214109897614, -0.006563631352037191, 0.05942145362496376, -0.027425358071923256, 0.011173771694302559, 0.08997845649719238, -0.02198226936161518, -0.027118761092424393, -0.08173710852861404, 0.055732954293489456, 0.0057709538377821445, 0.05166872963309288, 0.0011215597623959184, -0.016980119049549103, -0.08189702033996582, 0.015791239216923714, 0.0012767333537340164, 0.0015528546646237373, 0.06013942509889603, -0.06962040811777115, 0.015822846442461014, -0.0021180047187954187, -0.0634266808629036, -0.037894491106271744, -0.015172640793025494, -0.02245752140879631, 0.04352913051843643, 0.09664967656135559, 0.012967167422175407, 0.006552544422447681, 0.0064195203594863415, 0.03320668637752533, 0.040063824504613876, 0.07185189425945282, -0.0464455708861351, 0.02208157815039158, -0.0767008364200592, -0.005866413004696369, -0.0065099396742880344, 0.023061884567141533, -0.038098275661468506, -0.036067117005586624, 0.04933203384280205, -0.08130037784576416, -0.022340981289744377, -0.045655447989702225, -0.09817800670862198, -0.0304116178303957, 0.05383541062474251, 0.0285695418715477, -0.06947942823171616, 0.05552724376320839, 0.08206278085708618, 0.036032967269420624, 0.09812185168266296, 0.06728548556566238, 0.05988479405641556, 0.04033726453781128, -0.044069524854421616, -0.05156200751662254, -0.043337639421224594, 0.002619650214910507, -0.09513185173273087, 0.11264453828334808, 0.08995804190635681, 0.10203380882740021, -0.009580221027135849, 0.006631286349147558, -0.12459319084882736, -0.10039271414279938, -0.053261637687683105, -0.05311743915081024, -0.025359870865941048, 0.06640001386404037, 0.05524977296590805, -0.00901096686720848, -0.09957265108823776, -0.02050226926803589, -0.058367691934108734, -0.06261785328388214, 0.029360543936491013, -0.037209123373031616, 0.028896508738398552, 0.01587781123816967, -0.02003641054034233, 0.0789572224020958, -0.06631261110305786, -0.03816548362374306, -0.00021720501536037773, 0.04187946766614914, -0.048872027546167374, 0.023274650797247887, 0.10503525286912918, -0.0219570342451334, 0.0343550369143486, -0.018702011555433273, 0.12367989122867584, -0.04663151130080223, 0.006397448014467955, -0.0944104790687561, -0.06443333625793457, -6.935801919757879e-34, 0.05496580898761749, 0.02249024249613285, 0.030860623344779015, 0.10582506656646729, 0.03714696690440178, 0.011663350276648998, -0.014918415807187557, -0.01609601452946663, 0.04236186668276787, -0.03904654458165169, -0.02789878472685814, 0.06758366525173187, 0.0014494402566924691, 0.09233997017145157, 0.00921623781323433, 0.01881515607237816, -0.14379489421844482, 0.035126443952322006, -0.03367101401090622, 0.014155753888189793, 0.021069360896945, -0.07883810997009277, -0.003456306178122759, 0.05313650518655777, 0.03946363925933838, 0.0028243649285286665, 0.03411858156323433, 0.058382268995046616, -0.042457692325115204, 0.012063223868608475, -0.09725987911224365, 0.0708150789141655, 0.015053053386509418, -0.0746522843837738, -0.012286724522709846, 0.057655759155750275, 0.050122473388910294, -0.035813428461551666, -0.03545698523521423, -0.03795227035880089, -0.023760635405778885, 0.04853883013129234, 0.04157533869147301, -0.008513736538589, 0.007825489155948162, 0.019168207421898842, 0.024811629205942154, -0.12484020739793777, -0.02070602960884571, 0.05772838741540909, -0.044924281537532806, 0.001492269686423242, 0.04356708005070686, -0.05442614480853081, -0.047281377017498016, 0.026996342465281487, 0.002007899573072791, 0.08445640653371811, -0.02775493450462818, -0.01803319901227951, 0.029392678290605545, 0.007965823635458946, -0.12422557175159454, 0.08531169593334198, -0.010789469815790653, -0.054637521505355835, -0.05154355987906456, -0.06510844826698303, 0.004247411619871855, -0.08745583891868591, -0.06054387241601944, 0.007947957143187523, 0.023829134181141853, -0.02259976975619793, 0.012468324974179268, -0.17293572425842285, -0.029696188867092133, 0.04681063070893288, 0.00008519655239069834, 0.07749512046575546, 0.082154281437397, 0.033439360558986664, -0.023355111479759216, -0.06425435841083527, 0.0069415452890098095, -0.07369623333215714, -0.04600518196821213, -0.03259626403450966, 0.028001414611935616, -0.03778358921408653, 0.016712311655282974, -0.007601205725222826, 0.04300260543823242, 0.0567278228700161, 0.0030294309835880995, -9.7725843248664e-34, 0.02071746252477169, 0.045006897300481796, -0.017601680010557175, -0.009565589018166065, 0.10249640047550201, 0.06472570449113846, 0.05746417120099068, -0.03460026532411575, 0.06237424537539482, -0.0436600036919117, 0.0681954175233841, 0.01830325648188591, 0.0007085813558660448, 0.043140117079019547, -0.00849759392440319, -0.029238315299153328, -0.06998015195131302, -0.01907755248248577, -0.070115827023983, 0.007815239951014519, 0.0546577051281929, -0.02035355567932129, 0.12829330563545227, -0.03355703130364418, -0.008378696627914906, -0.06557602435350418, -0.00014795380411669612, 0.10554058104753494, 0.06414816528558731, -0.006390795577317476, 0.059726327657699585, -0.01421708706766367, -0.027361540123820305, 0.03187306597828865, -0.030664753168821335, 0.04245476797223091, 0.002758088055998087, -0.0344136543571949, -0.033399567008018494, 0.007388157304376364, 0.007186941336840391, 0.03153099864721298, -0.06708233803510666, 0.021081160753965378, 0.03267344832420349, 0.03695544973015785, 0.007700833957642317, -0.09074229747056961, -0.017540907487273216, 0.058754004538059235, 0.0007019320037215948, 0.06079119071364403, -0.06489046663045883, -0.018207544460892677, 0.05158083513379097, -0.12867872416973114, 0.08356405049562454, -0.08457650244235992, -0.07801656424999237, -0.013324405066668987, -0.023052290081977844, 0.08968032896518707, -0.05572061985731125, -0.04050227254629135, 0.02274976670742035, 0.006709711626172066, 0.007499979808926582, 0.062112294137477875, 0.025242436677217484, 0.015701601281762123, -0.028339041396975517, -0.005080755800008774, 0.036260612308979034, -0.07364270091056824, -0.013497287407517433, -0.04187321290373802, -0.017263101413846016, 0.007785918191075325, -0.1184733435511589, -0.0021099692676216364, -0.021814828738570213, -0.06419285386800766, 0.03381626307964325, 0.03904896229505539, 0.037422094494104385, 0.08942656964063644, 0.018154902383685112, -0.010967584326863289, -0.0029315766878426075, 0.08022814244031906, -0.08310678601264954, -0.029127689078450203, 0.030366748571395874, 0.02768046036362648, -0.004593166057020426, -5.115084888984711e-8, -0.027210792526602745, -0.04901553690433502, -0.0029975208453834057, 0.009538945741951466, -0.004567286465317011, 0.04390735924243927, -0.09205129742622375, 0.0029413087759166956, -0.08170159161090851, -0.020377013832330704, 0.03035273216664791, 0.05737984552979469, -0.04711161553859711, 0.043383873999118805, 0.03927071392536163, -0.03397999703884125, 0.05682187154889107, 0.08399920165538788, -0.012563163414597511, -0.001309834886342287, 0.014440005645155907, -0.017407722771167755, 0.06659068167209625, -0.06009093299508095, 0.042565781623125076, -0.021047595888376236, -0.01547436323016882, 0.06754545867443085, -0.05302425101399422, -0.01765810325741768, 0.05414031818509102, -0.003112294478341937, -0.004721324425190687, -0.06418692320585251, -0.06203325837850571, -0.006835871376097202, 0.06273546814918518, -0.02580251172184944, 0.023628368973731995, 0.0332358293235302, -0.05742238461971283, 0.025250429287552834, 0.02422151155769825, 0.0295819491147995, 0.003645325545221567, -0.006529948208481073, -0.04136807844042778, 0.00240286230109632, 0.03169209137558937, -0.01741952635347843, 0.03694954887032509, 0.008493073284626007, -0.06761183589696884, 0.02044782042503357, 0.02042415738105774, 0.08258774876594543, 0.04503925144672394, 0.007950907573103905, 0.006647519767284393, -0.016985299065709114, -0.044903770089149475, -0.045803479850292206, -0.005368106532841921, -0.013589514419436455 ]
d subcategories (see supplementary material S13). Visual examination indicates potential reporting bias for perceived stress, work-related outcomes, and leadership-related outcomes. Due to the limited number of studies pooled in these outcome categories (<10), statistical testing for funnel plot asymmetry was not feasible. Discussion The objective of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify and summarize the evidence regarding the effectiveness of leader-targeted SMI on supervisors' psycholog
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.7
0.834
["leadership"]
512
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952321
[ 0.08212529867887497, 0.047434788197278976, 0.0012180338380858302, 0.043051254004240036, 0.06511777639389038, 0.016924060881137848, -0.0602664090692997, -0.001391975674778223, 0.008872519247233868, -0.01045374758541584, -0.027475055307149887, -0.005364673212170601, -0.03352047875523567, 0.03387826308608055, 0.036540452390909195, -0.033596716821193695, 0.02185308188199997, 0.018930908292531967, -0.039983298629522324, -0.06317618489265442, -0.005886860191822052, -0.10478156059980392, -0.040067147463560104, -0.020743122324347496, -0.033103205263614655, -0.003464149311184883, -0.05706880986690521, -0.007668310310691595, -0.031310904771089554, -0.00914501491934061, -0.06519756466150284, -0.009922445751726627, -0.02816755883395672, 0.018456747755408287, 0.019712164998054504, -0.028842352330684662, 0.04371034726500511, 0.09494849294424057, 0.02202732488512993, -0.028448013588786125, -0.014491130597889423, 0.04846886545419693, 0.055576469749212265, -0.03265862539410591, -0.06589522212743759, -0.07025381177663803, -0.07859091460704803, -0.017730940133333206, -0.10859093815088272, -0.04744088649749756, -0.07387468218803406, -0.04940127581357956, 0.031500443816185, 0.03450508788228035, 0.02447558380663395, 0.05700201168656349, 0.05379905179142952, -0.11963211745023727, 0.06819149106740952, 0.026105519384145737, -0.05999920889735222, 0.01853969320654869, -0.038196198642253876, 0.019012970849871635, 0.0658767893910408, 0.006283897440880537, -0.04100945219397545, -0.05590325593948364, 0.012535961344838142, 0.031132306903600693, 0.028484856709837914, -0.10416888445615768, -0.01966802030801773, -0.04164713993668556, 0.06661051511764526, 0.07224462926387787, -0.02778102271258831, -0.004210620187222958, 0.052884314209222794, -0.03226131573319435, 0.05119762942194939, 0.08621904999017715, -0.004438202828168869, 0.08277411758899689, -0.0051795719191432, -0.047648005187511444, 0.0281714778393507, -0.02779550664126873, -0.026832951232790947, 0.06802365183830261, -0.00040636947960592806, 0.0323268286883831, -0.06368289142847061, -0.0050378236919641495, -0.027479330077767372, -0.03464256972074509, -0.09223353117704391, 0.04094858840107918, -0.038768719881772995, -0.0009684917749837041, 0.037380486726760864, -0.030789373442530632, 0.023667844012379646, -0.024767035618424416, -0.028739098459482193, -0.06100551411509514, 0.06826696544885635, -0.04769478738307953, -0.028725484386086464, -0.0317269004881382, -0.0425422340631485, -0.008367798291146755, 0.005162791348993778, -0.01847662217915058, 0.01999628357589245, -0.03565426170825958, -0.11888761818408966, 0.06320257484912872, -0.029708242043852806, 0.0017673447728157043, 0.12961329519748688, 0.00613646674901247, 0.029992448166012764, 0.03760490193963051, 0.01928386464715004, 0.028286654502153397, -0.08474733680486679, 4.843197896683582e-34, 0.0556739903986454, 0.004696904215961695, 0.03345026820898056, 0.02319912426173687, 0.08008989691734314, 0.0115497512742877, -0.05520923435688019, -0.008801140822470188, 0.03244927152991295, 0.05153600499033928, -0.07103098928928375, 0.036299705505371094, -0.025193044915795326, 0.037334177643060684, -0.05136503279209137, -0.043938200920820236, 0.029746035113930702, 0.09766984730958939, -0.14913693070411682, 0.017418792471289635, -0.014241354539990425, 0.018952317535877228, -0.04372400417923927, -0.05689967796206474, 0.015491836704313755, -0.01898975297808647, 0.0019154507899656892, 0.013212989084422588, -0.03534922003746033, 0.06014881655573845, -0.042580533772706985, 0.01338430866599083, 0.00846627727150917, -0.03163380175828934, -0.047887761145830154, 0.03155345469713211, -0.016615260392427444, -0.038403138518333435, 0.030466308817267418, 0.011092973873019218, -0.06691114604473114, 0.010764175094664097, 0.011163556948304176, 0.018837403506040573, -0.009068607352674007, 0.032372355461120605, -0.03183884546160698, -0.01404102984815836, 0.02865288034081459, 0.03964683413505554, -0.09009695798158646, -0.009024465456604958, 0.06433963775634766, 0.02499357797205448, 0.03829217702150345, -0.0006774194771423936, 0.11349470913410187, -0.03833451494574547, 0.0016562495147809386, -0.004752684850245714, 0.0036159930750727654, 0.013791869394481182, -0.1650533676147461, 0.04558490216732025, -0.00215410185046494, -0.02822982706129551, -0.03670400381088257, -0.03958738595247269, 0.02461647056043148, 0.012333684600889683, -0.06424149870872498, 0.10509371757507324, -0.027125028893351555, 0.014914929866790771, -0.02227858453989029, -0.024519965052604675, 0.018020393326878548, 0.09697937220335007, -0.03103649988770485, -0.0020201774314045906, 0.015284249559044838, -0.03569655120372772, -0.02704453095793724, -0.07625215500593185, 0.012152818031609058, 0.0411762110888958, 0.020979570224881172, -0.033700183033943176, 0.019870709627866745, 0.08508960902690887, 0.03853033110499382, -0.022057704627513885, 0.061653364449739456, 0.15608572959899902, -0.05794229730963707, -2.5427761151110007e-33, -0.10758082568645477, 0.031328484416007996, 0.09352446347475052, -0.03888358920812607, 0.1063590794801712, 0.09524744749069214, 0.08383581787347794, -0.08286872506141663, 0.04250459745526314, 0.010682695545256138, 0.03923870623111725, 0.009330653585493565, -0.10541592538356781, 0.013990921899676323, 0.11840249598026276, 0.00018178403843194246, 0.01744559034705162, -0.07193004339933395, -0.05541328340768814, -0.07435230910778046, 0.025270074605941772, 0.04359809681773186, 0.03244992345571518, 0.027592509984970093, -0.027039723470807076, 0.008598419837653637, 0.0839291363954544, -0.07233656942844391, -0.02577609196305275, 0.01987268775701523, 0.06652038544416428, 0.04298499971628189, -0.02402384951710701, 0.06095081940293312, 0.06899570673704147, 0.03019818291068077, 0.013505103997886181, -0.09302550554275513, -0.05418374761939049, 0.11233893036842346, -0.04083652421832085, 0.05184086784720421, 0.06965528428554535, 0.01106802374124527, -0.009121675975620747, -0.004702602047473192, 0.022273199632763863, -0.09643679857254028, -0.0453292578458786, 0.00854046642780304, -0.07929252833127975, 0.03558018431067467, -0.03708205744624138, 0.004612050484865904, -0.01265244372189045, -0.0762670487165451, 0.030216407030820847, -0.033368535339832306, -0.05598291754722595, 0.04774435982108116, 0.01736278086900711, -0.011185419745743275, -0.03427773714065552, -0.02089967578649521, -0.041568297892808914, -0.0238557867705822, 0.04789226874709129, -0.06914824992418289, -0.01386739406734705, 0.029425691813230515, -0.021243885159492493, -0.06497728824615479, -0.023779410868883133, 0.017892735078930855, 0.026703156530857086, -0.04196422919631004, -0.07563295215368271, 0.05430810526013374, -0.09807922691106796, 0.05171021446585655, -0.03303300961852074, -0.05366777628660202, 0.012705366127192974, 0.0226388331502676, -0.010831735096871853, 0.07873746007680893, 0.012263569980859756, 0.05855688080191612, 0.007442235015332699, 0.032964400947093964, -0.01752082072198391, -0.09398049116134644, -0.06946412473917007, 0.02515396662056446, 0.05124123767018318, -4.6890654914477636e-8, -0.0421798937022686, -0.04645106568932533, 0.047729574143886566, -0.005143649876117706, -0.02678864821791649, 0.008870333433151245, -0.014197325333952904, -0.012165188789367676, -0.007301183883100748, 0.057734522968530655, -0.012076444923877716, -0.005376202519983053, -0.0680663213133812, -0.05853575840592384, 0.06344056129455566, -0.04090974107384682, 0.027438584715127945, 0.041739482432603836, 0.048731688410043716, -0.009762290865182877, 0.005014992319047451, 0.05348632484674454, -0.0719817653298378, -0.026043608784675598, -0.11013241857290268, 0.08261621743440628, -0.04924635589122772, 0.1406761109828949, -0.05025548115372658, 0.05168012157082558, 0.09504643082618713, 0.0528985895216465, -0.009241651743650436, -0.03930646926164627, -0.0327029749751091, -0.026783835142850876, -0.014161231927573681, -0.015187106095254421, 0.038661547005176544, 0.1274191290140152, 0.03499018773436546, 0.04560086503624916, 0.054593946784734726, 0.08461319655179977, -0.043115708976984024, 0.048721879720687866, -0.044976964592933655, 0.05731481313705444, -0.04654591530561447, -0.03263271227478981, -0.023662295192480087, 0.0032355550210922956, -0.04517589509487152, 0.06145336478948593, -0.03535173460841179, -0.022585971280932426, 0.052337102591991425, -0.023075243458151817, -0.06918932497501373, -0.017510609701275826, 0.15859372913837433, -0.00519679905846715, -0.03121340274810791, -0.00022914390137884766 ]
s of leader-targeted SMI on supervisors' psychological stress, mindfulness, mental health and work- and leadership-related outcomes. Overall, our results suggest that leader-targeted SMI have the potential to contribute to occupational health, particularly in improving supervisors' mental health as well as work- and leadership-related outcomes. A statistically significant intervention effect for leader-targeted SMI was observed after excluding influential cases.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12278447/
Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
0.693
0.816
["leadership"]
466
Stress Management
topic
2026-01-09T23:48:12.952343
[ 0.05362875387072563, 0.07388102263212204, 0.059387918561697006, 0.031394775956869125, 0.08042729645967484, 0.05453304946422577, 0.003454737365245819, -0.043227650225162506, -0.02779151313006878, -0.06766241788864136, -0.007547829300165176, 0.05555688217282295, -0.018586965277791023, -0.01766616851091385, 0.04375091940164566, 0.010113525204360485, 0.029216906055808067, 0.0732082724571228, -0.0883479192852974, -0.02976117469370365, -0.07654760032892227, -0.011257613077759743, -0.036509498953819275, -0.009815910831093788, -0.08467620611190796, -0.00977163016796112, -0.07308506220579147, -0.0535721555352211, -0.014327330514788628, 0.062007106840610504, -0.051924459636211395, -0.037398722022771835, 0.007228961680084467, 0.03734612092375755, -0.015374835580587387, -0.03668872267007828, 0.014667503535747528, 0.07900720834732056, -0.007399360649287701, -0.06373368203639984, 0.015535103157162666, 0.02044542133808136, 0.022029627114534378, -0.05070607736706734, -0.03539459779858589, -0.1149400919675827, 0.0035020795185118914, -0.03302639350295067, -0.08594851195812225, -0.06119846925139427, -0.07515516877174377, -0.05142383277416229, 0.05922350659966469, 0.021041085943579674, 0.03887021914124489, -0.008856638334691525, 0.060576312243938446, -0.053034935146570206, 0.028510456904768944, 0.06968379765748978, -0.043069519102573395, -0.062428925186395645, -0.0019297574181109667, -0.04656572639942169, 0.054321274161338806, -0.02853572554886341, -0.06029200926423073, -0.034820280969142914, -0.0422392264008522, 0.0071479035541415215, 0.031677909195423126, -0.12820936739444733, -0.01198871061205864, -0.0011643223697319627, 0.05941733345389366, 0.04667027294635773, -0.046990446746349335, -0.037745438516139984, 0.07922238111495972, 0.09231805056333542, -0.002633529482409358, 0.038389939814805984, 0.04543536156415939, 0.05352453142404556, -0.009949037805199623, -0.05037640407681465, 0.053221795707941055, 0.034540507942438126, 0.002624581102281809, 0.10299420356750488, 0.03259967267513275, -0.0028394500259310007, -0.08723688870668411, -0.02188250795006752, -0.02164294384419918, -0.013983835466206074, -0.1387997716665268, 0.009883997961878777, -0.06499426066875458, -0.02587425708770752, 0.02007097378373146, -0.015110217034816742, 0.01106419786810875, -0.028037570416927338, -0.015825437381863594, 0.005443360190838575, 0.04895906150341034, -0.12493312358856201, -0.036762092262506485, -0.02545047551393509, -0.02631884440779686, 0.00782371312379837, -0.014041021466255188, -0.08275795727968216, 0.00011958797404076904, -0.0313769169151783, -0.08042138814926147, 0.052790891379117966, -0.03224273398518562, -0.06448423862457275, 0.12070943415164948, -0.02374379336833954, 0.07618079334497452, 0.07448706030845642, -0.014339250512421131, 0.004771130625158548, -0.07822786271572113, -1.6968288504768568e-33, 0.04801999405026436, 0.006891957018524408, 0.06825633347034454, 0.050485942512750626, 0.08446604758501053, -0.02188071608543396, -0.007002371363341808, -0.041680458933115005, 0.02103065699338913, -0.027878547087311745, -0.045575592666864395, 0.009690905921161175, 0.06145380437374115, 0.043924763798713684, -0.10401364415884018, -0.09720785170793533, 0.029056362807750702, 0.04141048714518547, -0.05101103335618973, 0.024618417024612427, 0.03515808284282684, 0.02388528734445572, -0.04330987110733986, 0.01007057074457407, -0.02205144613981247, -0.006769299972802401, 0.03499303758144379, -0.010219377465546131, 0.00485303346067667, 0.027513591572642326, -0.03481236472725868, 0.023946167901158333, -0.018742820248007774, -0.03975195810198784, -0.054550446569919586, 0.03824476897716522, -0.05820435658097267, -0.01077949907630682, -0.003072320017963648, -0.04533462971448898, 0.0012519311858341098, 0.03718429058790207, 0.0667969211935997, 0.03884357959032059, -0.0007305140024982393, -0.01828993484377861, -0.06524760276079178, -0.03770836815237999, 0.05277644097805023, 0.03167431056499481, -0.11898773163557053, -0.015275663696229458, 0.08770030736923218, 0.014686821028590202, -0.02752968855202198, -0.02741468884050846, 0.11826427280902863, -0.01905924268066883, 0.001144477748312056, 0.0026140238624066114, -0.0458931103348732, -0.018078135326504707, -0.13403171300888062, 0.025472519919276237, 0.05766119807958603, -0.026758722960948944, 0.02756638452410698, -0.06632097065448761, 0.02096712402999401, 0.023338424041867256, 0.024837549775838852, 0.08890131860971451, 0.011979672126471996, 0.01295911893248558, -0.05891947075724602, -0.03703939914703369, -0.05274562910199165, 0.024349482730031013, -0.005339916795492172, -0.00019178629736416042, 0.019447878003120422, 0.012380722910165787, -0.016768457368016243, -0.046291641891002655, 0.008991500362753868, 0.037423938512802124, -0.05808485671877861, -0.0017423758981749415, -0.01577519252896309, 0.033197078853845596, 0.058103885501623154, 0.0204060897231102, 0.11874029040336609, 0.16684411466121674, -0.1335127204656601, -8.199638803641789e-34, -0.008828799240291119, -0.031400926411151886, 0.08810420334339142, -0.0489518865942955, 0.08022776991128922, 0.03808218985795975, 0.007272471208125353, -0.0726982057094574, 0.01790488138794899, 0.011635464616119862, 0.03640449792146683, 0.00020928119192831218, 0.018241891637444496, 0.02699205093085766, 0.07062282413244247, 0.04007875174283981, 0.02059943415224552, -0.05918901413679123, -0.0483873076736927, -0.09541545063257217, -0.015116225928068161, 0.02461251989006996, 0.11292937397956848, 0.055276162922382355, -0.04495096206665039, -0.012156305834650993, 0.01623951829969883, 0.042731188237667084, 0.03585029020905495, -0.024340951815247536, 0.021660739555954933, 0.07448559254407883, -0.013367602601647377, 0.05767171457409859, 0.05547023192048073, 0.010222310200333595, 0.017493342980742455, -0.08813730627298355, -0.01674489863216877, 0.05775732547044754, 0.04825907573103905, 0.06269419938325882, 0.0851573571562767, 0.019736139103770256, 0.00913908239454031, 0.015152718871831894, 0.00007748031202936545, -0.05263316258788109, -0.14908872544765472, -0.003483700333163142, -0.026259467005729675, 0.03239606320858002, -0.0935809388756752, 0.021197926253080368, 0.05019774287939072, -0.01911829225718975, -0.004262291826307774, -0.0851997584104538, -0.09633678942918777, -0.00015973759582266212, -0.017662666738033295, 0.002725323662161827, 0.04239461198449135, 0.007201771251857281, -0.04176202788949013, 0.041836921125650406, 0.017711708322167397, 0.0034683323465287685, -0.06917611509561539, 0.02637949027121067, -0.04195620119571686, -0.017223116010427475, 0.012608400546014309, 0.016846168786287308, -0.07830344885587692, -0.04610786586999893, -0.05521002039313316, 0.03359980881214142, -0.05555850267410278, -0.009717456065118313, -0.04627792909741402, -0.07089046388864517, -0.05796123296022415, -0.036311909556388855, 0.03624597564339638, 0.027555041015148163, 0.03898858651518822, 0.053560059517621994, 0.01203932799398899, 0.01206517405807972, -0.08229329437017441, -0.04752722382545471, 0.00533978920429945, 0.030507778748869896, -0.057576246559619904, -3.4772298818097624e-8, -0.055183909833431244, -0.0460541807115078, -0.03675320744514465, 0.03601076453924179, -0.06407055258750916, -0.0075890421867370605, -0.005813612602651119, -0.007487356662750244, 0.013529403135180473, 0.07506472617387772, 0.06172117590904236, -0.04825446009635925, -0.06224621459841728, -0.03136796876788139, 0.0684114620089531, -0.047059666365385056, 0.023829594254493713, 0.00032683854806236923, 0.0763191431760788, -0.05105292424559593, 0.0512680858373642, 0.08943602442741394, -0.00019493345462251455, -0.004595184698700905, -0.05658767744898796, 0.07960020005702972, -0.0642901137471199, 0.11482134461402893, -0.030709126964211464, 0.02685311995446682, 0.05437282472848892, 0.0255010686814785, -0.006339149083942175, 0.02930491603910923, 0.0016733212396502495, -0.025230372324585915, -0.01744062267243862, -0.07313699275255203, 0.06826389580965042, 0.053441230207681656, 0.06909112632274628, 0.0633372813463211, -0.002465427154675126, 0.08042187988758087, -0.03190511465072632, -0.02625548653304577, -0.08918510377407074, 0.039004091173410416, -0.03878645598888397, -0.06499186158180237, 0.06240769848227501, 0.09783758223056793, -0.007456969935446978, 0.038776446133852005, -0.00327019183896482, 0.008363408036530018, 0.06764677166938782, -0.0010111535666510463, -0.04655969887971878, -0.057526323944330215, 0.09563576430082321, -0.021877890452742577, -0.028832808136940002, 0.06920777261257172 ]