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For thousands of years, Eastern civilizations have used forms of energy medicine to unblock and regulate energy channels in the body. For example, acupuncture has a long history of success in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The West has been slow to embrace energy medicine, holding a more biochemical view of the human body, as opposed to “the body electric.” Hold a stethoscope to your body and you’ll hear a lot of electrical chatter. Your nervous system communicates using electricity (i.e., movement of electrons), receiving and transmitting electrical signals throughout your body. Most of your biological processes are electrical. Most people in the medical world have no background whatsoever in the electrical world, which is why Clint Ober is so uniquely qualified to offer this fresh perspective, which is brilliantly simple and intuitive, given how our ancestors lived. Ober spent three decades working in the cable television industry prior to changing course to investigate how Earth’s electrical energy influences health. While struggling to recover from his own healing challenges, he received the following internal whisper: “Become an opposite charge. Status quo is the enemy.” This inspiration was the beginning of what could end up being a discovery as groundbreaking as germ theory. What he has discovered could be a major underlying thread in all chronic disease, a phenomenon he calls “electron deficiency syndrome.” The premise is simple. If you are deficient in electrons, your body is unable to effectively combat inflammation. When inflammation runs rampant, as you probably know, you are vulnerable to a plethora of chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and many other illnesses that are appearing at alarmingly high rates today. The Earth is the natural antidote for electron deficiency and can provide you with an infinite flow of electrons through grounding, also known as “Earthing.” And I will spend a large part of this article explaining how this works. But here’s the rub. You can’t benefit from this electron flow unless you are directly connected to the Earth. And today, people in industrialized countries are anything BUT connected. Humankind’s Disconnect from a Healing Source: Mother Earth Industrialization and the introduction of plastics and other synthetic materials have disconnected us from the Earth and her energy. Whereas we once walked barefoot across the grass and slept on the cool dirt floors of a cave, we now live ABOVE the ground, separated from the Earth by raised wooden floors, rubber-soled shoes, and sometimes hundreds of feet of air, if you live (or work) in a high-rise building. We are ungrounded – literally! Have you ever noticed how good it feels to walk barefoot on a sandy beach, or in a forest? There is a reason for that – it’s called the grounding effect. The reason you feel so good on that sandy beach is you are receiving a surge of healing electrons from the ground. The Earth is a relatively infinite source of electrons, having a slightly negative charge. But the Earth’s electrons are free to move. So, when you stand barefoot on that sand, electrons from the Earth flow into your body, a virtual “transfusion” of healing power. This occurs until you equalize with the Earth. Meaning, you cannot get too much – the process simply stops when your charge (your voltage) returns to zero. It’s completely safe and natural. The Earth is the biggest electrical object, and we are part of it. When you are grounded (i.e., in contact with the Earth), it’s impossible for your body to carry a charge. Humans used to be naturally grounded. First, we were barefoot, and then we donned leather-soled shoes, which are still moderately conductive. When you wear a shoe with a leather sole, your feet sweat and permeate the leather with moisture and body salts, so the shoe becomes a semiconductor permitting you to receive some electrons. But, for the past 50 years or so, we’ve added carpets, plastics, synthetic-soled shoes, and athletic sneakers, all serving as non-conductive barriersbetween the Earth and us. During that same period of time, we’ve seen an explosion of inflammation-based diseases. Our immune systems are struggling. Pets are designed to be in contact with the Earth as well, but now they live above ground in houses, as we do. Anecdotal evidence shows they are suffering the same effects of electron deficiency as humans. Animals that live in the wild are not bothered with inflammation, cardiovascular disease,diabetes, arthritis, or even plaque on their teeth. This is why your dog or cat will crawl under the porch and lie on the bare earth if he isn’t feeling well. What animals have always known, “modern science” is just now figuring out. Even water is influenced by the Earth’s electrical energy. Water in contact with the Earth has a structure that makes it conducive to healing. When you are grounded to the Earth, it is thought that the negatively charged electrons you are receiving may help increase the structure of the water in your cells – just as water increases in structure when a negative charge is introduced by an electrode. By going outside, barefoot, touching the earth, and allowing the excess positive charge in your body to discharge into the earth, you can alleviate some of the stress on your system. So how does this grounding effect work? You Are An Earthly Antenna Your body is a conductor. You are an antenna for the Earth. When you are ungrounded, electric fields are attracted to your body and create a surface charge – a voltage. You know this to be true if you’ve ever shocked yourself after walking across a carpeted floor. When living above Earth, your charge is positive; when connected to the Earth, your charge is negative – in other words, you become an opposite charge. You accumulate this surface charge any time you’re not grounded. When your charge reaches 3,000 to 5,000 volts and you touch a metal object, ZAP… this is static discharge, the sudden outflow of built-up electrical energy from your body. This static electricity is the reason workers in microchip factories must be grounded – so they don’t blow the chips. The same goes for operating rooms. Everyone involved in a surgical procedure must be grounded – the patient as well as the medical personnel. Your skin offers some protection from static electricity, but when it’s open (as in surgery), that protection disappears. In fact, in the early days of open-heart surgery, this lesson was learned the hard way when many patients died from static electricity because patients weren’t grounded. The higher the conductivity between you and the Earth, the more likely you’re going to be grounded. Proximity is key. The more distance there is between you and the Earth, the greater the charge on your body. In fact, this has been precisely calculated. For every meter you are above the ground, 300 volts of charge will build up in your body. (See The Feynman Lectures on Physics) So, if you are in a second story bedroom, your charge would be 1000 volts, on average. Do you think your risk for illness could be higher living on the second floor? How about the 5th floor, or the 25th? Indeed, a study in 2009 from the University of Iowa revealed a 40 percent increase in stroke risk among people living in multistory homes. Besides living and working above ground, invisible electromagnetic fields from devices such as cellular and cordless phones, computers, tablets and other technology assault us around the clock. You are bathed in background electricity from ordinary household wiring in the walls of your home, which contributes to your positive electrical charge and therefore increases the stress on your immune system. And if you are on the computer several hours a day, combined with several calls on your cell phone followed by an hour or two of television, you are getting several more hefty exposures to these unnatural electrical fields. If you want an in-depth discussion about Earth’s electrical surface potential, read this article by Gaetan Chavalier, PhD. Playing with a Voltmeter If you need convincing, you can watch your own body’s electrical charge wax and wane by availing yourself of a voltmeter, as Clint Ober demonstrates in the above interview. What you need is a low voltage field detector; one that reads in millivolts. Play with this, as it will show you that grounding works! Measure your body’s charge when you are at varying distances from electrical devices, power cords, your computer, your phone, your refrigerator, etc. You will see that moving away from these objects drops the charge – and grounding zeros you out. This way, you can witness firsthand the effect of these devices on your body, in a very concrete way. You will see that you receive far more electrical noise from devices that are plugged in than from those running on battery power. This is why I recommend NOT using electronic devices while they are charging. If you’re going to experiment with a voltmeter, make sure you do it safely, using conventional cord that has resistors built into it. Although grounding does not eliminate dangerous exposure to EMFs, your risk for adverse health effects from them is drastically reduced. Still, I don’t recommend holding your cell phone right next to your head, even if you’re grounded. But grounding is the least expensive, most basic strategy that will allow you to resist that type of biological damage and decrease your body’s risk for developing prolonged inflammation. Electron Deficiency Syndrome and Inflammation If you Google the word “inflammation,” you’ll come up with more than 62 million links. This is indicative of just how much of a problem inflammation is. Inflammation is the root of virtually ALL of our chronic diseases. So, the question you should ask next is, what’s CAUSING all of this inflammation? It may very well be a deficiency of electrons – at least, this may be one of the most significant factors. Electricity is as important for powering your body as for powering your computer and household appliances. We are beginning to understand, with the help of scientists like Clint Ober and James Oschman, that the Earth is our greatest source of healing because it supplies us with an unlimited flow of electrons. These electrons act like little antioxidants – cleaning up the free radicals and toxins that are byproducts of everyday human metabolism and environmental exposure. Free radicals are primarily produced via metabolic processes, although you also get them from the foods you eat, the water you drink and the air you breathe. Your immune system is the main generator of free radicals, and it’s in operation 24 hours a day. In the process of oxidizing invading pathogens and disposing of damaged cells, your immune system generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are molecules short an electron or with an electron imbalance – they take away electrons from the cell or pathogen. This creates the need for a “mop” to absorb or give up electrons so that electrical stability can be maintained within your body. Grounding to the Earth fulfills this role – and it’s nearly instantaneous. Many of these metabolic/electric processes are occurring at the speed of light, just like the electrical current in a wire flows immediately to a light bulb when you flip the switch. When grounding to the Earth, electrons flow instantly into your body, much faster than waiting for particles to travel around in your bloodstream. How Earthing Affects Your Blood An important discovery is that Earthing thins your blood, making it less viscous. This has huge implications for cardiovascular disease because virtually every aspect of that disease has been correlated with elevated blood viscosity. Dr. Stephen Sinatra, cardiologist and Earthing expert, discussed the zeta potential of RBC’s that decreases blood viscosity, when exposed to an electrical field. Within minutes of grounding to the Earth, your zeta potential quickly rises, meaning your blood cells have a greater charge and actually repel each other. This action causes your blood to flow more easily and your blood pressure to drop. When your zeta potential is lower, your blood cells tend to clump together, which is unfortunately what most people’s blood looks like when they are not grounded. For a visual aid, the difference between grounded and ungrounded blood is like comparing red wine to catsup – thin and flowing with ease, versus thick and sticky and stagnant. Getting back to the increased risk of stroke for folks living in multilevel dwellings, it makes sense when you consider your blood cells being in a perpetual state of “clumping,” which increases the risk of clot formation. Earth’s Gift to Athletes The scientific research related to Earthing is really still in its infancy. Nevertheless, studies so far are very promising for a variety of heath benefits. Clint has been involved in more than 30 Earthing studies over the past decade, which have gradually verified that his inspiration to “become an opposite charge” was right on. I first met Clint Ober about seven years ago through a chiropractor Jeff Spencer. One of the foundational elements he integrates into his training is Earthing. In fact, 200 to 300 of the world’s most elite athletes have been using Earthing as part of their training regimen for the last five years because they feel it offers them a competitive edge, including many professional football players. Since the athletes were showing such great benefit, researchers at the University of Oregon conducted a study, referred to as the DOMS study(Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness). Researchers induced inflammation by repetitive and intensive use of a muscle group, and then measured both subjective pain experience and objective markers of inflammation in study participants. The participants were divided into two groups, one grounded and one not. The muscle soreness was essentially the same as what you experience after your first weekend of yard work in the spring – when you wake up a couple days later extremely sore and barely able to hobble out of bed. The results of this study were remarkable: - White blood cell count was extremely elevated in the ungrounded group, but not elevated at all in the grounded group. - Bilirubin dropped 40 percent in the ungrounded group but only 5 percent in the grounded. Bilirubin is one of your body’s primary antioxidants. - The grounded group experienced less pain than the ungrounded group. Researchers concluded that all signs point to grounding having the effect of markedly decreasing inflammatory response. And this is HUGE as inflammation is key in just about every chronic disease you can name. Reduce inflammation, and you reduce disease. But Earthing has benefits that reach far beyond preventing sore muscles. Pain Reduction, Better Adrenal Function and Improved Tolerance to Cold In addition to decreased inflammation, two studies have shown that grounding can stabilize your autonomic nervous system (ANS). Oftentimes, the inflammatory cycle starts with an illness or injury that fails to heal. Besides pain and inflammation, your body’s inability to “restabilize” results in chronic stress. Why is this important? This ongoing stress can lead to adrenal fatigue, which is epidemic today. If your ANS can be stabilized, your chronic stress level will decrease. Grounding appears to be able to do this. Grounding was found to regulate cortisol levels, according to one small study involving 12 subjects. The 12 were grounded over the course of eight weeks, during which time their saliva levels were monitored for cortisol, DHEA, and other stress-related hormones. All subjects with abnormal cortisol levels normalized, indicating the grounding reduced the stress in their bodies. This has huge implications for public health since the majority of all visits to healthcare practitioners are for stress related disorders. The new study by Sokal provides even more good news about Earthing’s effects on inflammation. Researchers attempted to answer the question of whether or not Earthing affects human physiologic processes. So, they grounded people and tested their blood and urine chemistry. Just like the prior study, researchers found a significant reduction of inflammation indicators in the grounded test subjects. Specifically, in the group that slept Earthed, they found the following: - Reduced renal excretion of calcium and phosphorus during a 7- to 8-hour period of sleeping grounded (which reflects a reduced risk of osteoporosis) - Decreased blood glucose levels (reducing risk for diabetes) - Decreased free tri-iodothyronine, and increased free thyroxin and TSH (meaning better thyroid function) - Accelerated immune response following vaccination (as evidenced by gamma globulin concentration), which would suggest a more robust immune system Having a simple, natural way to reduce stress and inflammation would have benefits for a wide array of medical problems, such as cardiovascular disease, arthritis, diabetes, as well as for issues like carpal tunnel (repetitive stress syndrome). Grounding also appears to help with Raynaud’s syndrome, which involves cold peripheral extremities. Although it isn’t understood exactly how grounding improves temperature regulation, it may be due to the thinning of your blood and improved circulation. It’s interesting that chickens that are allowed to live outside in the pasture don’t freeze, but those in chicken coops need artificial heat to keep from freezing on cold nights. Perhaps chickens grounded in the pasture share similar thermoregulation benefits with people who have Raynaud’s syndrome. Unearthing the Fountain of Youth Earthing may actually slow down the aging process. One of the dominant theories on aging is the free radical theory, which is that aging occurs as a result of cumulative damage to your body by free radicals. While you don’t want to completely eliminate ALL free radicals, you do want to maintain a good balance of antioxidant electrons in your body to ensure the damage from free radicals doesn’t’ get out of hand. Earthing can provide this continuous supply of electrons. According to Dr. James Oschman, biophysicist and coauthor of Earthing: The Most Important Health Discovery Ever?: “It looks to me, from my study of biophysics and cell biology, like the body is designed with a semi-conductive fabric that connects everything in the body, including inside of every cell. I refer to this system as the living matrix. Those electrons that enter the bottom of your foot can move anywhere in your body. Any place where a free radical forms, there are electrons nearby that can neutralize that free radical and prevent any of those processes: mitochondrial damage, cross linking of proteins, and mutation or genetic damage. So the whole fabric is basically an antioxidant defense system that is in every part of your body. We have this material called ground substance, which is part of the connective tissue. It goes everywhere in the body. It’s a gel material and it stores electrons. So that if you go barefoot, you will take in electrons and your body will store them, and they will be available at any point where you might have an injury, or any point where a free radical might form.” So, to summarize then, Earthing offers many potential health benefits from better sleep, to less pain and inflammation, to reducing your risk for diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and I suspect this is just the tip of the iceberg as research in this area is just getting going. So, how do you basically “get grounded”? Let’s take a look at some practical approaches for introducing more Earth energy into your life. Plugging into the Earth The best way to gain the benefits of these healing electrons is to simply put your bare feet in contact with the Earth, especially damp Earth, as often as possible. Because water is such a great conductor, seawater is the absolute best. Swimming in seawater, dangling your feet in it, or walking on a sandy beach are all great ways to ground yourself. If you don’t have access to a shoreline, damp grass is a good substitute. Concrete will work to a degree, but better if it’s got some moisture to it. Sealed or painted concrete, wood, asphalt, and typical insulators like plastic or rubber soles will not allow electrons to pass through. As I said earlier, the closer you can get to being grounded 24 hours a day, the more benefits you’ll see. Unless you are sleeping in a cave or living on an island somewhere, chances are your domicile isn’t allowing you to be grounded all day every day, and so the most practical alternative is making use of new technology… Which brings me to the grounding mat. Grounding Mats, Sheets and Patches Necessity is the mother of invention, and this is certainly true for grounding science. Technology now offers us ways to stay grounded while in buildings, cars, and even airplanes. There are a variety of mats, pads, sheets and patches that you can put in contact with your bare skin to restore this much-needed connection to the Earth. The grounding device is connected to a cord that plugs into the ground of an ordinary household electrical outlet. The grounding devices have resistors incorporated into them, so they are completely safe to use – you are protected from unexpected electrical currents. For a grounding mat to work, your outlet must be grounded. In the United States, about 40 percent of houses do not have a ground in the bedroom, particularly homes built before 1970. Even if the outlets have been replaced, they are not necessarily connected to any ground wire, and the only way you can tell is to test them. If your outlet isn’t grounded, then you can have someone install a ground to those outlets. There are a number of ways to do this. The most important time to be grounded is while you’re sleeping. There are two reasons for this. First, the average bedroom typically contains more electrical noise than any other room in a house, especially near where your head rests on your bed. You’ve probably got a tangle of wires behind the wall, as well as wires running under the floor if you’re in an upstairs bedroom. Second, you spend a third of your life lying there. This is the time when your body should be repairing and regenerating, and electrical noise interferes with this process, potentially causing chronic stress and inflammation. I recommend using a grounding sheet on your bed. Earthing happens to be very helpful for sleep. In fact, many people fall asleep within 5 to 10 minutes of becoming grounded. Better sleep and less pain are probably the most immediately appreciated benefits when people begin Earthing. A Few Medical Precautions Earthing is so effective that some people have had to decrease their medication dosage. Having to make changes in your meds is not a bad thing, but rather a sign that your body is working better. If you are taking any of the following three types of medications when you begin Earthing, you should be especially careful to observe how you feel and be diligent about monitoring your blood levels: - Blood Thinners: If you take Coumadin (warfarin) or other blood thinners, your blood is going to get even thinner when you’re grounded, as described previously. You will want to be very diligent about monitoring your blood levels and watching for warning signs, such as bleeding or bruising. - Oral Hypoglycemics: Grounding is shown to reduce blood glucose levels. A study of rats showed that grounding decreased their blood glucose levels, as well as lowering their triglycerides and body weight by 10 percent. So if you take oral hypoglycemics, you will want to monitor your blood sugar carefully. - Thyroid: Many people who are on thyroid replacement for hypothyroidism started having heart palpitations within the first few days of Earthing, a sign of thyroid excess, which was confirmed by blood tests. These individuals had to decrease their thyroid dose. Lack of free electrons may be the most unrecognized cause of thyroid dysfunction. Learn More: Download Free Earthing Book I am very excited about this Earthing information, and the potential it holds for helping you with a staggering range of health concerns. The idea that nature has influences that are vital for the optimal functioning of your mind and body has been around for thousands of years, and continues to be confirmed by science. Earthing may be the link we’ve been missing, in terms of explaining our inflammation epidemic. So, you can add Earthing to your “good health tool bag,” where it can enhance the benefits you are already receiving from good nutrition, restorativesleep, adequate water, exercise and effective stress management. To learn more, I highly recommend downloading a free copy of Clint Ober’s book on Earthing, which reviews the many benefits of earthing in even greater detail.
The name of this dog comes from the Lacy family. The Lacy brothers (Frank, George, Erwin and Harry) arrived from Kentucky in 1858, settling in granite hills near Marble Fall, Texas. The Blue Lacy was the main companion of tasks of the American colonists, for more than a century in the farms of the southwest of the United States. They are now chaste the most common one used by the Tramperos of EE.UU. thinks themselves that these dogs comes crosses from it of the Greyhound, Scenthound and the Coyote, like also of the Italian Galgo. Description: The coat of the Blue Lacy is smooth and signs, exceptionally clean in its appearance. The origin of the coat of blue color and the nose, are a genetic peculiarity. It is a dog of medium size, muscular body and signs. Their Eyes are of tonalities yellow oranges and, that give to this race a seal him unmistakable.
When Tim Galbraith from Australia first visited India in 1976, he discussed child nutrition problems with a retired medical superintendent of Vellore Medical College Hospital. The doctor commented on the waste of money and energy by foreign organisations setting up residential homes and hostels for disadvantaged or nutritionally vulnerable children – when with less effort and money much of the problem could be tackled by keeping children with their natural family and taking steps to improve and supplement their nutritional intake. This led Tim to set up, with guidance from the doctor, and use of WHO nutrition guidelines, what is now known as the ‘SUN Program’ – Supplementary Nutrition Program. At the outset he financed a small pilot operation, and sought to introduce it wherever he could obtain reliable volunteer helpers. One major centre was established in Tenali, where Dr Scrinavasa Rao, with his wife and daughters, ran a number nutrition centres. By 1982 there were 12 distribution points for the nutrition drink, supplied three times a week to the impoverished and under-nourished children of the poorest segments of the population. In 2019, Tim Galbraith requested that this become a project of the newly-incorporated Hill of Hope Foundation. Hill of Hope Foundation was happy to take this on. There are now, in 2020, over 24 distribution centres in various areas in India. - Malnutrition and under-nutrition still affect 34% of children in India according to Govt of India and UNICEF Reports. - Family life is disturbed by many of these children being placed in institutional care. - A simple supplement preparation from locally available ingredients can significantly reduce the nutrition problems. - Attendance three times a week at the distribution centre allows observation of any specific health needs. - Regular contact allows preparation of non-school attending children for readiness for streaming into formal education. What is it? Each batch of the nutritional drink is a mixture of the following ingredients: Ragi flour, green gram, Bengal gram, groundnuts, milk powder, jaggery, and where especially needed, vitamin drops. * Solidified concentrated sugar syrup heated to 200°C. Traditionally, the syrup is made by boiling raw sugarcane juice. It retains many more mineral salts than refined sugar, and is more slowly released to the bloodstream. ** The darker flecks are the coating from the Ragi. The shelf life is about 6 weeks, so fresh flour is supplied every two weeks to each Centre. The milk powder is mixed to normal milk strength (15 litres) and separately the flour (made from grinding the four grains / nuts) is mixed in water & cooked to a porridge consistency. Then the milk and jaggery is added and mixed well, and vitamins added (if needed). It is served as a thick drink – 180ml per child three times a week. Nutrition Analysis of Nutrition Supplement Ingredients: The nutrient composition of one drink is as follows: \|Vitamin A\|\|3,300 IU\| \|Vitamin C\|\|25 mg\| \|Vitamin D\|\|150 IU\| These are not the only reports that have been made; there were other reports between 2014 and 2019, but we haven’t published them here at this time. - 2014 report: this was the first regular report in the current format, and includes details of the program, with news from each area. - 2019 report: updated statistics, details on becoming a Hill of Hope Friend, and a letter of appreciation. - 2022 newsletter: information about work during Covid, and details from each centre.
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell (PV), is a device that converts light into electric current using the photoelectric effect. There are many competing technologies, including at least fourteen types of photovoltaic cells, such as thin film, noncrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous cells, as well as multiple types of concentrating solar power. Solar installations in recent years have also begun to expand into residential areas with the government offering incentive programs to make “green” energy a more economically viable option. Solar energy is not available at night, therefore making energy storage an important issue in order to provide the continuous availability of energy. Off-grid PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity. With grid-tied systems, excess electricity can be sent to the transmission grid. Net metering programs give these systems a credit for the electricity they deliver to the grid. This credit offsets electricity provided from the grid when the system cannot meet demand, effectively using the grid as a storage mechanism. Credits are normally rolled over month to month and any remaining surplus settled annually. Solar Power Systems New Port Richey Mike Currie Electric, Inc. now offers Solar Power Systems available for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Photovoltaics (PV) or Solar Electricity • Grid Tied • System Monitoring • Solar Home Cooling – Attic Ventilation Mike Currie Electric, Inc. can help you take advantage of tax credits, state rebates, power company rebates and other incentives. Call us today to see what is available and how we can help you go green. See our “Featured Projects” page for more info!
EnvironmentPrincipal applicable environmental laws What are the principal environmental laws applicable to the mining industry? What are the principal regulatory bodies that administer those laws? The National Environmental Management Act 1998 (NEMA) is the framework legislation regulating the environment. The DMR is the competent authority responsible for enforcing the NEMA insofar as it relates directly to prospecting and mining activities. The Minister of Environmental Affairs, however, is the authority responsible for creating regulations under NEMA (including regulations that the DMR must apply and enforce). The Minister of Environmental Affairs is also the ultimate authority in respect of appeals against environmental authorisations, compliance notices or directives issued by the DMR. Other important environmental laws include: - the National Water Act 36 of 1998; - the National Environmental Management - Waste Act 59 of 2008 (NEMWA); - the National Heritage Resources Act 25 of 1999; - the National Environmental Management - Biodiversity Act 10 of 2004; and - the National Environmental Management Air Quality Act 39 of 2004. The DMR is the competent authority for approving environmental authorisations for prospecting and mining activities and activities directly associated therewith. The DMR is also responsible for enforcing the provisions of the NEMA or the environmental authorisation.Environmental review and permitting process What is the environmental review and permitting process for a mining project? How long does it normally take to obtain the necessary permits? Applicants for a prospecting or mining right must apply for and obtain an environmental authorisation under NEMA before the right is granted. Depending on the activities that the applicant will undertake, the applicant must conduct either a basic assessment or a scoping assessment and environmental impact assessment to investigate and assess the impacts of the activities on the environment. These processes must include a public participation process with all interested and affected persons. The outcomes of the assessment, investigations and public participation process are included in a report and submitted to the DMR for consideration. If the DMR is satisfied with the report and the mitigation measures contained therein, an environmental authorisation may be issued. In terms of the One Environmental System, this process should take 300 days.Closure and remediation process What is the closure and remediation process for a mining project? What performance bonds, guarantees and other financial assurances are required? An applicant or holder of a right or permit must determine and make financial provision to guarantee the availability of funds to undertake rehabilitation and remediation of the impacts arising from the prospecting or mining activities. The financial provision can be by way of financial bank guarantee, deposit into an account administered by the Minister of Mineral Resources, or a contribution to a trust fund. The holder of a right is responsible for all environmental impacts arising from its activities and may (notwithstanding the issuing of a closure certificate) remain responsible.Restrictions on building tailings or waste dams What are the restrictions for building tailings or waste dams? A waste management licence under the NEMWA is required for the creation of residue stockpiles. Applicants for waste management licences must complete an environmental impact assessment process in accordance with NEMA. The MPRDA Regulations require that stockpiles are to be designed by ‘competent persons’ such as registered engineers. This includes civil or mining engineers registered under the Engineering Profession of South Africa Act 114 of 1990. Stockpiles must comply with landfill requirements as well as with the National Norms and Standards for the Assessment of Waste for Landfill Disposal 2013 and National Norms and Standards for Disposal of Waste to Landfill 2013.
“Experts say that eating less meat will also minimize our impact on the environment.” —Ban Ki Moon One of the biggest impacts any one of us can have rests in what we put on our plates. Simply by shifting closer to a plant-based diet, each person can save thousands of liters of water and dozens of kilos of greenhouse gas emissions every single day. Together, we can make a huge difference. The great news is, each time we eat, we have an opportunity to choose a better future for ourselves and for the world’s children. And in addition, by adopting a plant-centered diet, we’ll also be healthier, live longer, and save money on health care costs down the line. That’s a great deal—for each of us, our families, our fellow citizens, and the planet. - Eating fully plant-based can cut our personal GHG emissions “foodprint” in half. If you need some recipe inspiration, check out The Food Monster App—just put in your favorite veggies and get dozens of simple, hearty, satisfying recipes so delicious you’ll never miss the meat. - If you do eat meat and dairy, aim to eat a bit less every week, and buy sustainably produced products. Cut out beef first—beef uses 20 times more land and generates 20 times more greenhouse gas emissions than beans (per gram of protein) per the World Resources Institute. Gradually wean yourself from dairy. (Here’s a handy resource: Meat eaters guide to climate change.) - When on the go, choose plant-based restaurants and menu items to get fresh inspiration. Encourage your local favorite restaurants to add delicious plant-based meals to the menu. Use the Happy Cow App to find plant-based restaurants around the world.
Mental health of cancer patients needs nuanced approach, say health experts Innovation in the field of pharma and biotech industry have been helping cancer patients connect with doctors and support groups. Between 2001 and 2014, as many as 10,421 cancer patients in India committed suicide, a study published on Indian Journal of Cancer found, pegging the rate of such incidents to an alarming 744 deaths every year. While awareness on cancer have been gaining pace in the country, discussion on them is often associated with chemotherapy sessions, baldness, or skin darkening. However, the elephant in the room in the form of mental trauma that a patient and their family go through is barely addressed even as more than 4.5 million people in India are living with cancer. Experts stressed that cancer does not just affect our body but it also takes a toll on the mind as well, and the patient experiences a significant difference in their emotional health. Finding out that one has cancer may trigger depression, anxiety stress and the fear of unknown. Annually, 780,000 cancer patients in India die without even knowing if they developed health conditions like depression. It has been found that people with depression are more prone to cancer-related outcomes as they are less likely to follow the treatment plans. Health experts highlight that it is also important to put focus on mental health of cancer patients, too. While for some knowing about cancer can be traumatic, for others it could be the financial impact or the physical damages like loss of hair and skin darkening that can affect their mental health. Be it the chemo session or the radiation therapy, the process is lengthy and the patient has to maintain the medication even after the cure to prevent a recurrence. Dr Tejinder Kataria, the chairperson radiation oncology at the cancer centre of Medanta Medicity, said as oncologists or physicians treating cancer patients, the most common thing that they observe is a sense of loss of control among the patients and their decision making when given the news of their illness. “This is followed by ‘Why me’ and a feeling of denial in a large proportion of patients. Once they understand the situation they experience anxiety, depression, and stress of organizing their family, financial affairs, and uncertainty about their future come up in the mind besides the fear of loss of function/s of their body or loss of life. There are also misconceptions about the treatment side effects from the folklore.” The process of treatment should start with finding the right doctor who not only helps a patient with the treatment but also guides them through the process. Being mentally prepared and accepting increases the chances of the treatment being a success. The doctors are often able to connect patients with support groups or counselors. According to reports, the unavailability of peer group support services and psychological counseling sessions has been a problem experienced by 94.4% of the respondents of which, 91.7% mentioned an increase in their anxiety levels. Psychologist Dr. Akshay Kumar, a consultant mental and behavioral sciences expert at Gurgaon-based Artemis Hospitals, added, “In my practice, I’ve seen people who are undergoing treatment for Cancer also requesting Psychological consultations. It’s also seen that people who have recovered still have the fear of it coming back and that persistent fear might lead to anxiety disorders. In many cases, mental illnesses are silently dealt with without any proper interventions taken for them." “This happens because of the lack of awareness about mental health issues, the taboos surrounding mental illnesses, and the embarrassment of taking support for psychological distress. But some people seek professional help and are also benefitted from it. People often visit psychiatrists and psychologists to seek mental, emotional, and psychological support,” he further said. To bridge the communication gap, companies like Innoplexus, an AI and Blockchain-powered data analytics company, that helps pharma and biotech industry to gain real-time access to relevant data from drug discovery to commercialisation, came up with an app called CURIA for cancer patients. The app leads cancer patients to the medical trial facility, right doctors in the vicinity and support group within the app, called Cancer twin, where the patient can find an option to chat with other cancer patients with similar conditions and find support in company of another person in similar situation. Even as pharma companies and healthcare workers doing their bit, a lot more need to be done. Right from the time the patient is detected with cancer there should be lot of focus given on the patient’s mental wellness. There is a collective role that friends, families and even corporates can do for the mental wellbeing of the patients. Corporates should have leave benefits and special finds allotted for employees going through such trauma. These small steps can really make a huge impact and as we go along there could be a great ecosystem built around this so that we can build an empathetic economy.
Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs (IPE) discovers and eradicates the root cause of massive pollution. According to the World Bank, 16 of the world‘s 20 most polluted cities are in China. However, there exists information asymmetry between companies and consumers regarding environment pollution. Consumers are not aware of the environmental threats caused by the massive and unethical production of companies and their suppliers. Due to the weak enforcement of environmental policies within China, companies bear little cost or consequence for breaching the law and lack incentives to improve polluting behaviors. IPE's works towards making communities understand the hazards in the surrounding environment, thus promoting widespread public participation in environmental governance. Working in 113 cities IPE aims to make a Green Choice Alliance with 20 brands and 400 suppliers per industry. IPE thereby contributes to: \|# of global brands working with IPE\|\|100\|\|167\|\|198\|\|267\|\|306\|\|440\| \|# of suppliers improving their environmental performance\|\|1'400\|\|2'200\|\|2'294\|\|4’696\|\|7'294\|\|10'852\| \|# of active users on their mobile phone app\|\|n/a\|\|20'000\|\|59'000\|\|80‘000\|\|130'000\|\|130'000\|
\|\|November 7, 2001 GSA Release No. 01-58 Geologists Delineate Ancient Harbor of Troy Helen of Troy-the face that launched a thousand ships. In search of her, where did those Greek ships land in Troy? Scientists, joined by a Greek scholar, discovered where Troy's harbor might have been "Studies of the three dimensional distribution of sedimentary facies and their enclosed fossils and radiocarbon dates allow us to form paleographic maps of the floodplains, swamps, marshes, lagoons, and shallow seas that partially surrounded ancient Troy (of the Iliad) over the past seven millennia," explained John C. Kraft, a geologist at the University of Delaware. Kraft and his colleagues used the Iliad and the Geographies of Strabo, among other writings, to help them correlate their scientific findings and delineate the famous harbor. Kraft will present these findings on Wednesday, November 7, at the Geological Society of America's annual meeting, A Geo-Odyssey, in Boston, Massachusetts. "My research interests are focused on the relations of archaeological and historical sites to changes in coastal geomorphologies over the past 10 millennia--mainly in coastal Greece, Turkey, and Delaware," Kraft said. "When our sedimentary facies are correlated with details of the writings of Strabo (circa 0 AD/BC), we can identify possible locales of the allied Greek fleet harbor and fortifications as well as the harbors of Troy and the later New Ilium (new Troy). Strabo provides both distances and details of coastal morphologies that are compatible with RC-14 dated coastal marine geometries determined by sedimentary analyses. Clearly, the product of historical and legendary writings of antiquity and (times) and our geological analyses of Holocene Epoch sedimentary environmental facies provide synergistic resultant ancient geographies." Written by Kara LeBeau GSA Staff Writer During the GSA Annual Meeting, November 4-8, contact Ann Cairns or Christa Stratton at the GSA Newsroom in the Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts, for assistance and to arrange for interviews: (617) 954-3214. The abstract for this presentation is available at: http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_25431.htm. - Post-meeting contact information: - John Kraft - Geology Department - University of Delaware - Newark, DE 19716 - E-mail: email@example.com - Phone: 302-831-8706 - Fax: 302-831-4158 - Ann Cairns - Director of Communications - Geological Society of America - Phone: 303-357-1056 - Fax: 303-357-1074 - E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org For more information about GSA please browse our Web site.
The internet has undoubtedly changed the way we live and communicate. People are now able to share information not only with their friends and relatives, but also with complete strangers through the likes of Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. Research shows that young people view communications on social media as more credible compared with traditional media and information provided by companies. And social media also has more impact on consumer decision making. Prospective university students now come from a generation that is immersed in social media and digital technologies – and most students use these technologies extensively as a source of information, including as a way to choose their future university. Previously, prospective students relied heavily on official university guides and rankings, but 83% of students now also use social media channels to help them make their university choices. The real deal By using social media, prospective students can get an unofficial, student view of a university, which they would not be able to find on official university web pages. According to the National Centre for Universities and Business Facebook is the most popular social media channel for students searching for information. Twitter can be another great source of information and a way to ask university staff and current students questions. Universities often provide information on the hashtags their students use. For example, at Oxford University #oxtweets is where students tweet about their lives there. Swansea University has created the hashtag #SwanseaGrad which can help prospective students get an inside look at the graduation spirit. Other useful website include WhatUni, UniStats and the Student Room, all of which allow students to get information about the university experience beyond degrees and accommodation. Students can get a feeling about how they might “fit in”, how it feels to live and study in the place, and a sense of the community and social life at their new place of study. Social media can also be a helpful tool for international students. UK universities have high numbers of overseas students, and it can be problematic for these students to try and visit their universities of interest to make a final decision. That’s where social media can help. The 2017 International Student Survey report shows the significant role social media plays for many students choosing a university. Recently, universities have started using social media not just for prospective students and their parents, but also for receiving enrolment offers. One such example is the University of Bradford, where students can use Facebook to get offers during clearing time. This improves students’ experience of the clearing process, which can sometimes feel like “an emotional roller-coaster”. But while many young people view online communications as trustworthy and reliable, in the age of fake news, fake universities and fake degrees, students must also be wary of fake social media accounts, that could easily sway their decisions. So while students and their parents can get valuable insights online, they should always remember to look for verified accounts on Facebook and Twitter. These can usually be found on universities’ pages, together with the most accurate and up-to-date information about tuition fees and courses. Going to university can be one of the most exciting experiences of a young person’s life. And it’s clear that social media now makes it easier than ever before to make a well-informed, life-changing decision. So for prospective students, choose wisely and enjoy the next stage in your life, wherever you might end up.
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” These lines were immortalized by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence in 1776. While the implementation of these ideas was something new, they were not unique to the Founding Fathers. In 1690, John Locke wrote in the Second Treatise of Government that the fundamental natural rights include “life, liberty, and property”. The Founders first expressed these ideas when George Mason highlighted them in the Virginia Declaration of Rights in June, 1776. There may be some discrepancies between the final aspect in Locke and Jefferson, however, James Madison attempted to reconcile this with his essay, “Property” which was published in the National Gazette in 1792: https://thf_media.s3.amazonaws.com/CPP/FP_PS02w.pdf Locke defines property accordingly: “Though the earth, and all inferior creatures, be common to all men, yet every man has a property in his own person: this no body has any right to but himself. The labour of his body, and the work of his hands, we may say, are properly his. Whatsoever then he removes out of the state that nature hath provided, and left it in, he hath mixed his labour with, and joined to it something that is his own, and thereby makes it his property” (Second Treatise of Government, Ch. V). While Madison agrees with this definition, he expands upon it, saying, “In the latter sense, a man has a property in his opinions and the free communication of them.” Included in this list are religious opinions, the free use of his faculties, and the safety and liberty of one's person. Madison continues, warning, “Where an excess of power prevails, property of no sort is duly respected. No man is safe in his opinions, his person, his faculties, or his possessions. Where there is an excess of liberty, the effect is the same, tho’ from an opposite cause.” If government fails to protect even one aspect of property, it cannot be considered just. With this in mind, how does this idea apply to today? Do Americans still have property in their conscience, religion, or opinions? Is the ever growing “cancel culture” a legitimate threat? Has “fact checking” and the rise of social media monopolies hindered the multitude of opinions? Can we reclaim this property or have we ratcheted so far that we have reached a point of no return? Leave your thoughts in the comments below. Image Credit: history.com
It’s time we talked about entropy. Imagine the motion in our universe: swirling galaxies, blazing suns, roaming comets, the clouds above our heads, and the blood in our veins. Everything moves. The universe is constantly changing — matter and energy constantly shifting into a different arrangement with every passing moment. We denote these different states of the universe by stamping them with a date and time. We call it measuring time, but in reality we’re just labeling the different arrangements of the universe. Like looking at yearbook photos throughout your life, each labeled by the year on the cover. Each year, you grow and change. We could describe when the photo was taken by charting the exact arrangement of every atom and quanta of energy in the universe at that moment, or we could just give it a number. “You took that photo in universe #1994. Not 95 or 93, but universe number one-nine-nine-four.” Instead of saying when the photo was taken by describing the exact arrangement of every atom in the universe, we decide to give it a number called “time.” If you take all the atoms right now in the universe, and re-arrange them into that same arrangement as in 1994, then you could re-live that moment perfectly. But until we learn to completely control matter and energy as easily as breathing, things will continue to move and tear themselves apart. Dark matter rends apart galaxies, suns explode, comets erupt, clouds disperse, and we eventually return to ash and dust and blow away. And at the same time, space is expanding. That’s what space – like outer space – does; it expands. Space expands, but the amount of matter stays finite. Eventually, there won’t be enough matter to fill this ever-expanding universe. Imagine a far future, where all the atoms have finally dissolved into individual little particles roaming a vast and empty universe, never even seeing each other, because space has expanded and stretched so far. They would never interact enough to form basic molecules, let alone suns and planets. When space expands in our universe, it’s like a house that keeps adding on a room every year forever. You were given a box of chocolates, and told you had to keep at least some chocolate in each room. But you were never given any more chocolates. So you have to start chopping them up. Pretty soon, you’re getting to the microscopic level, leaving little molecules of chocolate in the newest rooms, just to have something in each room. Eventually, you have to tear apart the molecules into atoms, and the atoms into quarks to spread into the new rooms. Then into little strings of energy, the tiniest concept of matter that humans have ever perceived. At that point, when the universe has expanded so much and matter has spread so thin, the universe will have become essentially inert, changeless, uniform in all directions. An “ultimate state of inert uniformity,” as Merriam-Webster likes to call it. Motionless. No need to measure time anymore, because one state of the universe is exactly the same as any other state at this point. From that point on, the past is the same as the future. 1994 Yearbook Photo
By: Laurie Bartels Daniel Levitin, in This Is Your Brain On Music, suggests the following sound experiment. Situate yourself someplace where you can close your eyes and focus on the sounds around you. When you open your eyes, write down each sound you heard and the object that made that sound. If you are in a relatively quiet spot, try this experiment the next time you are in a more sound-rich environment. I began this article while Read the rest of this entry » By: Alvaro Fernandez A Leap for All Life: World’s Leading Scientists Announce Creation of Encyclopedia of Life (a database of all living things) Press Release: Biodiversity, Science Communities Unite Behind Epic Effort To Promote Biodiversity, Document All 1.8 Million Named Species on Planet - WASHINGTON (May 9, 2007) – Many of the world’s leading scientific institutions today announced the launch of the Encyclopedia of Life, an unprecedented global effort to document all 1.8 million named species of animals, plants, and other forms of life on Earth. For the first time in the history of the planet, scientists, students, and citizens will have multi-media access to all known living species, even those that have just been discovered. - Over the next 10 years, the Encyclopedia of Life will create Internet pages for Read the rest of this entry »
Fatta Nahab, MD, is a board-certified neurologist and director of the neuroimaging program at UC San Diego Health’s Movement Disorder Center. Find out how he is using innovative brain imaging techniques to reveal clues in understanding and developing new therapies to treat movement disorders. He explains about “white dots” in the brain and how they are good predictors for walking problems, and not only in Parkinson’s patients. Walking is one of the most complex systems the brain controls. Many people assume as they get older they will have problems with walking due to arthritis and other factors associated with aging, but that’s not exactly what he found. The brain plays a significant role in walking problems, more so than sore knees. Medicine is at an exciting time and Dr. Nahab is inspired by his patients to translate research into the clinic, the clinic into research and to bridge the technology gap between medicine and the tech industry
This rare kale variety has red-purple veins on slate-green, wavy-margined leaves. Cool weather intensifies its color. The grey-green leaves turn purple in cold weather. This delicious grey-green kale is pretty enough to plant among the flowers. It is much larger than regular kale (2 to 3' tall), the stems are purplish and the leaves are shaped like big oak leaves and colored a velvety gray green. The purple colors become richer after frost, when the flavor becomes sweeter. Surprisingly, the big leaves are very tender and delicious. Plants may be left outdoors all winter. Frost improves flavor Ease of Growing: Easy Grown as: Biennial Days to Maturity: 50-65 (Spring/Summer), 70-85 (Fall/Winter) Growing Conditions: Cold, Cool, Warm Outdoor Growing Temp: 0°F - 80°F Min Outdoor Soil Temp: 45°F Tolerates light frost and hard frost Needs summer shade Hardiness Zone" 3-11 How many Kale plants to plant in an EarthBox-type SIP? Kale can get pretty large and one approach is to plant 3-4 per side (6-8 total with fertilizers down the middle). Chard can be planted 5 per side (10 total). Does it grow indoors? Yes, kale can be grown indoors under grow lights. A Tougher Breed of Kale that's more suited to the Florida climate: Highland Kale (aka Ethiopian Kale or Ethiopian Blue Mustard), Brassica carinata. Florida Survival Gardening: http://buff.ly/1xk1HIn Kale: Red Russian Overview - Plant Guide http://bit.ly/Vcu6i8 Red Russian Kale at Burpee.com http://bit.ly/14PaeUF Growing Cool Weather Kale \| Veggie Gardener http://bit.ly/WPQ1Pf Kale, Kale, and More Kale - The Greening of Gavin http://bit.ly/1oYlUna
Typically, symptoms of vitiligo are characterized as white patches on the skin usually found in areas where sun exposure is most common. In addition to white patches on the skin, symptoms may also include premature graying of the scalp hair, eyelashes, eyebrows, and beard. There is no way to tell if vitiligo will spread, but in most cases, the white patches will spread over time to other areas of the body. White patches on the skin are the most common vitiligo symptom. These patches are typically in areas where the skin is exposed to the sun. The patches may be on the: Other common areas for white patches include: - The armpits and groin - Around the mouth In addition to white patches on the skin, vitiligo symptoms can include premature graying of the scalp hair, eyelashes, eyebrows, and beard. People with dark skin may notice a loss of color inside their mouths. Vitiligo symptoms generally appear in one of three patterns. In one pattern (focal pattern), the depigmentation is limited to one or only a few areas. Some people develop depigmented patches on only one side of their bodies (segmental pattern). For most people living with vitiligo, however, depigmentation occurs on different parts of the body (generalized pattern). There is no way to tell if vitiligo will spread. For some people, the white patches do not spread. However, in most cases, vitiligo will spread over time to other areas of the body. In some cases, vitiligo spreads slowly, over many years. For other people, the spreading occurs quickly. Some people have reported more white patches after physical or emotional stress.
Drought causes Panama Canal to reduce ship size The Panama Canal Authority said the maximum ship draft will be cut to 11.89 meters (39 feet) from September 8, affecting 18.5 percent of vessels that normally transit the link between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. A ship’s draft is its depth in the water, and changes as the vessel becomes heavier or lighter. The canal authority said further restrictions could be imposed on September 16 if weather conditions do not change. The maximum draft of vessels would be cut to 11.73 meters. Canal administrator Jorge Quijano said the month of June and the first half of July was the driest period in 102 years. As a result, water levels in the lakes that feed the canal have dropped. The canal’s locks can usually accommodate ships with a draft of up to 12 meters. Dry weather conditions in March 1998 saw authorities take similar measures.
Help support New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more all for only $19.99... John was the son of Zebedee and Salome, and the brother of James the Greater. In the Gospels the two brothers are often called after their father "the sons of Zebedee" and received from Christ the honourable title of Boanerges, i.e. "sons of thunder" (Mark 3:17). Originally they were fishermen and fished with their father in the Lake of Genesareth. According to the usual and entirely probable explanation they became, however, for a time disciples of John the Baptist, and were called by Christ from the circle of John's followers, together with Peter and Andrew, to become His disciples (John 1:35-42). The first disciples returned with their new Master from the Jordan to Galilee and apparently both John and the others remained for some time with Jesus (cf. John ii, 12, 22; iv, 2, 8, 27 sqq.). Yet after the second return from Judea, John and his companions went back again to their trade of fishing until he and they were called by Christ to definitive discipleship (Matthew 4:18-22; Mark 1:16-20). In the lists of the Apostles John has the second place (Acts 1:13), the third (Mark 3:17), and the fourth (Matthew 10:3; Luke 6:14), yet always after James with the exception of a few passages (Luke 8:51; 9:28 in the Greek text; Acts 1:13). From James being thus placed first, the conclusion is drawn that John was the younger of the two brothers. In any case John had a prominent position in the Apostolic body. Peter, James, and he were the only witnesses of the raising of Jairus's daughter (Mark 5:37), of the Transfiguration (Matthew 17:1), and of the Agony in Gethsemani (Matthew 26:37). Only he and Peter were sent into the city to make the preparation for the Last Supper (Luke 22:8). At the Supper itself his place was next to Christ on Whose breast he leaned (John 13:23, 25). According to the general interpretation John was also that "other disciple" who with Peter followed Christ after the arrest into the palace of the high-priest (John 18:15). John alone remained near his beloved Master at the foot of the Cross on Calvary with the Mother of Jesus and the pious women, and took the desolate Mother into his care as the last legacy of Christ (John 19:25-27). After the Resurrection John with Peter was the first of the disciples to hasten to the grave and he was the first to believe that Christ had truly risen (John 20:2-10). When later Christ appeared at the Lake of Genesareth John was also the first of the seven disciples present who recognized his Master standing on the shore (John 21:7). The Fourth Evangelist has shown us most clearly how close the relationship was in which he always stood to his Lord and Master by the title with which he is accustomed to indicate himself without giving his name: "the disciple whom Jesus loved". After Christ's Ascension and the Descent of the Holy Spirit, John took, together with Peter, a prominent part in the founding and guidance of the Church. We see him in the company of Peter at the healing of the lame man in the Temple (Acts 3:1 sqq.). With Peter he is also thrown into prison (Acts 4:3). Again, we find him with the prince of the Apostles visiting the newly converted in Samaria (Acts 8:14). We have no positive information concerning the duration of this activity in Palestine. Apparently John in common with the other Apostles remained some twelve years in this first field of labour, until the persecution of Herod Agrippa I led to the scattering of the Apostles through the various provinces of the Roman Empire (cf. Acts 12:1-17). Notwithstanding the opinion to the contrary of many writers, it does not appear improbable that John then went for the first time to Asia Minor and exercised his Apostolic office in various provinces there. In any case a Christian community was already in existence at Ephesus before Paul's first labours there (cf. "the brethren", Acts 18:27, in addition to Priscilla and Aquila), and it is easy to connect a sojourn of John in these provinces with the fact that the Holy Ghost did not permit the Apostle Paul on his second missionary journey to proclaim the Gospel in Asia, Mysia, and Bithynia (Acts 16:6 sq.). There is just as little against such an acceptation in the later account in Acts of St. Paul's third missionary journey. But in any case such a sojourn by John in Asia in this first period was neither long nor uninterrupted. He returned with the other disciples to Jerusalem for the Apostolic Council (about A.D. 51). St. Paul in opposing his enemies in Galatia names John explicitly along with Peter and James the Less as a "pillar of the Church", and refers to the recognition which his Apostolic preaching of a Gospel free from the law received from these three, the most prominent men of the old Mother-Church at Jerusalem (Galatians 2:9). When Paul came again to Jerusalem after the second and after the third journey (Acts 18:22; 21:17 sq.) he seems no longer to have met John there. Some wish to draw the conclusion from this that John left Palestine between the years 52 and 55. Of the other New-Testament writings, it is only from the three Epistles of John and the Apocalypse that anything further is learned concerning the person of the Apostle. We may be permitted here to take as proven the unity of the author of these three writings handed down under the name of John and his identity with the Evangelist. Both the Epistles and the Apocalypse, however, presuppose that their author John belonged to the multitude of personal eyewitnesses of the life and work of Christ (cf. especially 1 John 1:1-5; 4:14), that he had lived for a long time in Asia Minor, was thoroughly acquainted with the conditions existing in the various Christian communities there, and that he had a position of authority recognized by all Christian communities as leader of this part of the Church. Moreover, the Apocalypse tells us that its author was on the island of Patmos "for the word of God and for the testimony of Jesus", when he was honoured with the heavenly Revelation contained in the Apocalypse (Revelation 1:9). The author of the Second and Third Epistles of John designates himself in the superscription of each by the name (ho presbyteros), "the ancient", "the old". Papias, Bishop of Hierapolis, also uses the same name to designate the "Presbyter John" as in addition to Aristion, his particular authority, directly after he has named the presbyters Andrew, Peter, Philip, Thomas, James, John, and Matthew (in Eusebius, Church History III.39.4). Eusebius was the first to draw, on account of these words of Papias, the distinction between a Presbyter John and the Apostle John, and this distinction was also spread in Western Europe by St. Jerome on the authority of Eusebius. The opinion of Eusebius has been frequently revived by modern writers, chiefly to support the denial of the Apostolic origin of the Fourth Gospel. The distinction, however, has no historical basis. First, the testimony of Eusebius in this matter is not worthy of belief. He contradicts himself, as in his "Chronicle" he expressly calls the Apostle John the teacher of Papias ("ad annum Abrah 2114"), as does Jerome also in Ep. lxxv, "Ad Theodoram", iii, and in Illustrious Men 18. Eusebius was also influenced by his erroneous doctrinal opinions as he denied the Apostolic origin of the Apocalypse and ascribed this writing to an author differing from St. John but of the same name. St. Irenæus also positively designates the Apostle and Evangelist John as the teacher of Papias, and neither he nor any other writer before Eusebius had any idea of a second John in Asia (Against Heresies V.33.4). In what Papias himself says the connection plainly shows that in this passage by the word presbyters only Apostles can be understood. If John is mentioned twice the explanation lies in the peculiar relationship in which Papias stood to this, his most eminent teacher. By inquiring of others he had learned some things indirectly from John, just as he had from the other Apostles referred to. In addition he had received information concerning the teachings and acts of Jesus directly, without the intervention of others, from the still living "Presbyter John", as he also had from Aristion. Thus the teaching of Papias casts absolutely no doubt upon what the New-Testament writings presuppose and expressly mention concerning the residence of the Evangelist John in Asia. The Christian writers of the second and third centuries testify to us as a tradition universally recognized and doubted by no one that the Apostle and Evangelist John lived in Asia Minor in the last decades of the first century and from Ephesus had guided the Churches of that province. In his "Dialogue with Tryphon" (Chapter 81) St. Justin Martyr refers to "John, one of the Apostles of Christ" as a witness who had lived "with us", that is, at Ephesus. St. Irenæus speaks in very many places of the Apostle John and his residence in Asia and expressly declares that he wrote his Gospel at Ephesus (Against Heresies III.1.1), and that he had lived there until the reign of Trajan (loc. cit., II, xxii, 5). With Eusebius (Church History III.13.1) and others we are obliged to place the Apostle's banishment to Patmos in the reign of the Emperor Domitian (81-96). Previous to this, according to Tertullian's testimony (De praescript., xxxvi), John had been thrown into a cauldron of boiling oil before the Porta Latina at Rome without suffering injury. After Domitian's death the Apostle returned to Ephesus during the reign of Trajan, and at Ephesus he died about A.D. 100 at a great age. Tradition reports many beautiful traits of the last years of his life: that he refused to remain under the same roof with Cerinthus (Irenaeus "Ad. haer.", III, iii, 4); his touching anxiety about a youth who had become a robber (Clemens Alex., "Quis dives salvetur", xiii); his constantly repeated words of exhortation at the end of his life, "Little children, love one another" (Jerome, "Comm. in ep. ad. Gal.", vi, 10). On the other hand the stories told in the apocryphal Acts of John, which appeared as early as the second century, are unhistorical invention. St. John is commemorated on 27 December, which he originally shared with St. James the Greater. At Rome the feast was reserved to St. John alone at an early date, though both names are found in the Carthage Calendar, the Hieronymian Martyrology, and the Gallican liturgical books. The "departure" or "assumption" of the Apostle is noted in the Menology of Constantinople and the Calendar of Naples (26 September), which seems to have been regarded as the date of his death. The feast of St. John before the Latin Gate, supposed to commemorate the dedication of the church near the Porta Latina, is first mentioned in the Sacramentary of Adrian I (772-95). Early Christian art usually represents St. John with an eagle, symbolizing the heights to which he rises in the first chapter of his Gospel. The chalice as symbolic of St. John, which, according to some authorities, was not adopted until the thirteenth century, is sometimes interpreted with reference to the Last Supper, again as connected with the legend according to which St. John was handed a cup of poisoned wine, from which, at his blessing, the poison rose in the shape of a serpent. Perhaps the most natural explanation is to be found in the words of Christ to John and James "My chalice indeed you shall drink" (Matthew 20:23). APA citation. (1910). St. John the Evangelist. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08492a.htm MLA citation. "St. John the Evangelist." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08492a.htm>. Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Michael Little. Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. October 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York. Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. My email address is webmaster at newadvent.org. Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads.
Stacey Cole's Nature Talks: It's '51 years and still counting' Today's column completes 51 years of "Nature Talks," a weekly column that first appeared on the editorial page of the Manchester Union Leader on March 31, 1962. What a pleasure it has been to have received the hundreds of letters from our readers recounting their experiences with wildlife. Especially helpful to this writer were questions as to how to identify a particular bird, mammal, insect or other undomesticated animal and the hundreds of interesting questions about their behavior. As my good friend John Harrigan would say: "51 years and still counting." It is my hope to continue writing these columns as they have become an important part of my life. - - - - - - - - One of our Epping readers wrote: "Enclosed are yet two more photos of red-bellied woodpeckers which shows their rufous undersides. My wife took these at our feeders in December. You and perhaps your readers should know that these striking birds can be destructive. A pair opened up the seams of the vertical cedar siding on my late father's Florida home and these have been tapping at our trimboards." The enclosed photos did show the rufous underbelly of these red-bellied woodpeckers very well. - - - - - - - - - A Laconia reader wrote: "I have been watching a pair of gray squirrels out our living room window for over a year, up and down the street. The squirrels live down the street and come up the street on the telephone line to our bird feeder that is around 5 feet off the ground. I am curious on how they live." Gray squirrels frequently live in holes that are formed originally as nesting holes for woodpeckers or are caused when rot sets in as the result of old limbs falling off close to the trunk. They also build nests of leaves, often called "summer dens"high in trees. New Hampshire gray squirrels breed in mid-winter. The gestation period is about 44 days. One to four young are usually born sometime in March. Another litter often arrives in late summer. Most wait until their second year to mate. The squirrel's chief enemies are great horned and barred owls, foxes, bobcats, some hawks and martens. - - - - - - - - As long-time readers know, for many years I have written book reviews of nature books published by Houghton Mifflin of Boston, the world's largest publisher of text books. A few years ago Harcourt, a British publisher, purchased Houghton Mifflin, and I have continued to write book reviews for the combined company. In doing so, my policy has always been that I only review a book when the final copy of the book is in my hand. It is important to me that my readers know what they are getting if they purchase a copy. Rarely do I quote from press releases sent by the publisher. A few days ago the Union Leader mailed me a copy of a press release promoting a book published by the University Press of New England of Lebanon, entitled "Birdwatching, A Guide to Birding in the Granite State" (Publication date March 9, 2013.) The book was written by Eric A. Masterson, who has worked for 12 years in the field of environmental conservation, including eight years at New Hampshire Audubon. He currently serves on the New Hampshire Rare Bird Committee that publishes a weekly report entitled "Rare Bird Alert." That column is usually published each week on the same page in the Union Leader as this column appears. Masterson has also been a seasonal editor for N.H. Audubon's quarterly journal: "New Hampshire Bird Records." According to the publisher's press release: "'Bird-watching in New Hampshire,' is a guide to when, where, and how to see the best of the state's birds with tips on how to recognize the best birding weather, how to choose the best birding optics, and how to find the best birding locations. "Drawing on his extensive knowledge of the habits and habitats of New Hampshire birds, Masterson has divided the state into six regions, each with a rich diversity of birdwatching destinations. The guide also features informative accounts of the more than 300 bird species regularly seen in the Granite State, including preferred habitats and graphs illustrating when each is most likely to be encountered." The publisher's press release quotes very favorable recommendations from Don and Lillian Stokes, authors of "The Stokes Field Guides," Jamie Trowbridge, president of Yankee Magazine, and Mike Bartlett, president, New Hampshire Audubon. I have not seen a copy, but as a long-time subscriber of "New Hampshire Bird Records" and a regular reader of the "Rare Bird Alert" report, this sounds like a book worthy of consideration by our readers. Stacey Cole's address is 529 W. Swanzey Road, Swanzey 03446.
Gossip is idle talk about other people. It is also known as dishing and tattling. It is a very dangerous activity that can ruin the relationship of two people. Therefore, it is best to avoid gossip. Here are some examples of gossip. They may sound funny, but it is not. Despite the fact that rumors are sometimes spread by others, they aren’t always harmful. Usually, people who spread rumors have a sense of insecurity or are bored. To help combat the negative energy they cause, you can de-identify yourself from the situation and act as if you were not aware of the rumor. It’s important to learn how to identify rumors and not become a target of them. This can help protect you physically and mentally. It can also help you protect your reputation and livelihood. Rumors are essentially stories that circulate widely but have no dependable source. Though rumors can seem positive, such as the news of someone’s promotion, engagement, or award, they are not facts until they are verified. The authors of Rumors About Gossip: The Social Life of Rumors By Sebastian Jobs offers an historian’s perspective on rumors. The authors argue that rumors should be treated as historical events. Their analysis includes the archival status of rumors, the terminology used to describe them, and the effect that uncertainty has on historiography. They also consider how the power of rumor-induced fear has impacted historiography. Despite the harmful consequences of rumors, some people do not consider them harmful. It is a natural part of human interaction. People spread rumors to relieve themselves of their worries or avoid unpleasant situations. It can also be a way to establish connections within a group. So, the question is, are rumors actually harmful? While rumors are often untrue, they can affect the workplace and can lead to confusion. People who listen to rumors may not prepare adequately for meetings and important events. For these reasons, rumors about gossip should be avoided. Unless a formal notice or a message from higher authority confirms the rumors, they should not be believed. Social psychologists Nicholas DiFonzo and Prashant Bordia have partnered to conduct research on rumours and the power of gossip. They are currently working on a book that will be published by the American Psychological Association. They have examined the cognitive and emotional aspects of rumormaking and how these factors affect individuals’ perceptions and predictions. In some cases, rumors about gossip are harmless, but they can cause serious consequences. They may lead to depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and other negative outcomes. Moreover, they can make a person feel untrustworthy. It is also difficult to avoid gossip. This can cause an individual to lose their self-esteem, which can make him or her more susceptible to depression. In Western democracies, conspiracy theories, political lies, and disinformation are a major problem. While the social and political uses of rumor have been overshadowed, scholars of the public sphere should not overlook its importance for society. As a powerful form of communication, rumors have been integral to the formation of publics and counterpublics. When a rumor is malicious or hurtful, you can try to discredit it by addressing it. This way, the rumor-starter will be less likely to believe it will be easier to stop talking about it. And, it will also discourage the rumor-starter from spreading more rumors about you.
Heidi Hammel is an highly esteemed planetary astronomer. She knows exactly how a solar eclipse works — the moon swings in between the earth and sun and blocks the sun’s light. Textbook-simple. But when she saw her first total solar eclipse in 1991 in Hawaii — when the world went dark, when the sun became a black hole in the sky surrounded by the purple coronal waves — the deep mysteries took over. “I was a little scared and astonished,” she said. “I understood why so many civilizations have been captivated by solar eclipses.” Hammel, a former Ridgefield resident who is now executive vice president for the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, will be in Idaho on Aug. 21 to immerse herself again in that otherworldly experience. She won’t be alone. This eclipse, the Great American Eclipse, will be the first time since 1918 that the path of a total solar eclipse will cross the continental United States from the Pacific to the Atlantic. It will travel over 14 states and several large cities. Hundreds of thousands of people, from Oregon to South Carolina, will look skyward to watch the sun turn dark. Millions more will see a partial eclipse. In all, more people may be on hand to see it than any other event in American history. “It’s a big deal,” said Geoff Chester, spokesman for the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C. The eclipse will not be total in Connecticut. But even here, there will be a definite darkening of the sun, with nearly 70 percent of its surface covered by the moon shadow. The eclipse will start here at about 1:25 p.m. and reach its maximum around 2:45 p.m. To help people watch it, the John McCarthy Observatory in New Milford will hold an event with telescopes featuring solar filters and about 100 pair of eclipse glasses to hand out. (For obvious reasons, nobody should ever stare at the sun, even wearing sunglasses. Eclipse glasses, squares of welder’s glass or pinhole cameras are all better than retinal damage.) “We’ll have an open house for whoever wants to attend,” said the observatory’s director, Monty Robson. Bill Clotier, of New Milford, one of the observatory’s leaders, won’t be there. He’ll be in Idaho, watching the eclipse and also helping to create the Eclipse Megamovie, an endeavor sponsored by Google, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific and the University of California at Berkeley, to make a movie tracing the eclipse across the United States . Clotier is now readying his camera equipment, getting as much of it to operate automatically as he can. It’s his first total solar eclipse and he wants to see it, not just photograph it. “Some people relate it to a religious experience,” he said. Humans have been awed and frightened and astonished by eclipses for millennia. The first recorded description of one is on a clay tablet found in ancient Uragit in Syria. That eclipse happened in May 1375 BC.Read Full Article But total solar eclipses aren’t rare. They occur every few years. It’s just that most of the time the path of totality is over the ocean. Other eclipse paths cross Siberia or the far north of Canada, but still travel to see them. “Some people are eclipse junkies,” said Robson, who saw a total solar eclipse in Nova Scotia in 1970. (It’s the one immortalized by Carly Simon in her song “You’re So Vain.’’) “It was spectacular,” Robson said. One thing that’s stuck in his mind is how confused the birds were when plunged into total darkness. “They were flying all over the place,” he said. And while satellites now fly above the earth’s atmosphere to watch the sun, Hammel said astronomers still study eclipses from earth. “There are details of the sun’s corona close to the sun we can only see in eclipses,” she said. If you miss this eclipse, have faith. There will be another total solar eclipse crossing from Texas to New York and the edges of New England in 2024. But if you are lucky enough on Aug. 21 to be in the path of the darkening sun, Hammel said you should try to experience it totally — the changing light, the shadows, the drop in temperature, the wind, how birds and even plants react. “It isn’t just the sun,” she said. Contact Robert Miller at firstname.lastname@example.org
The 12th Republican National Convention assembled in the Exposition Building just south of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. This Neo-Classical Style building, constructed in 1898 and demolished in 2005, served as Philadelphia's convention hall for thirty years. Each state was allowed two delegates per electoral vote; territories were allowed 2 to 6 delegates depending upon their population. The 1900 Republican National Convention was as uneventful as 21st century nominating conventions. Three credentials cases were easily dispensed with; there were no challenges to the platform; and an effort to reduce the delegations from Southern states was withdrawn before coming to a vote. President McKinley was placed in nomination by Sen. Foraker of Ohio and nominated in the quickest roll call in convention history up to that time. Theodore Roosevelt gave McKinley's seconding speech. VP Hobart having died during his term, the convention needed to select a new nominee. Jonathan Dolliver (IA) placed TR in nomination for VP, and Sen. Chauncey Depew (NY), that state's greatest orator of the day, gave a rousing seconding speech which clinched the deal. Roosevelt was nominated for VP on the first ballot by a margin of 925-1. TR, a delegate from NY, abstained in the voting. First ballot - President --William McKinley (OH) 926 Temporary Chairman: Edward O. Wolcott (CO) Permanent Chairman: Henry C. Lodge (MA) 11th Republican National Convention (1896): htt[More...]
The Mk II/Mk 2 series fragmentation grenade was the standard American Army infantry hand grenade from 1918 until the 1960s. Perhaps better known as the “pineapple” grenade for its patterned grooved metal body, the Mk II served in the latter months of World War 1 and throughout World War 2, the Korean War, the Vietnam War and various other period conflicts during its operational tenure. Other operators went on to include the armed forces of Argentina, Chile, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands and Turkey. The Mk II first appeared in 1918 and saw limited use in the Great War replacing the Mk I series hand grenade of 1917. The original Mk I was a product of American design and introduced in 1917. However, there were noted ignition issues with the mark forcing production to be halted and delivered grenades to be recalled en masse. Eventually, the Mk I series was dropped from service in 1918, replaced by the much improved Mk II series – leaving the Mk I as a footnote in American military history. Outwardly, the Mk II grenade was of a traditionally accepted hand grenade design encompassing a fragmentation body attached to a percussion-cap-and-time-fuse-delay detonation system atop a tapered neck. A ring held a safety pin in place prior to the grenade’s activation. The time fuse delay ran for approximately five seconds after activation to which the operator would lob the device against an enemy. The body of the grenade was manufactured of iron and dotted by a pattern of protruding blocks which gave the grenade its unique appearance while also aiding in its handling. The internal contents of the grenade consisted of 2 ounces of TNT filling to which, once detonated, would shatter the iron body in every direction, causing massive fragmentation damage to everything and anything within the blast radius. Initial production forms utilized an igniting fuse system while later models gave way to a detonating fuse arrangement. The initial production model became the Mk II of 1918 which was followed by the revised Mk IIA1 of 1942. By this time, America was fully committed to the war effort that was World War 2 and production of all war goods spiked substantially. The Mk IIA1 variant was differentiated by its lack of a bottom “filler” hole and used the M10A2 igniting fuse (as opposed to the M10A1 and M11 series seen prior). A “high-explosive” version – the Mk II HE – was then issued with an M5 detonating fuse while the Mk II FRAG-TNT was completed with the M6A4C detonating fuse. During the war 2, the grenade could also be equipped with stabilizer fins and a tube body for firing from the muzzle of service rifles equipped with the M7 adapter, this configuration giving the standard infantryman a broader tactical reach against dug-in foes. The Mk II/ Mk 2 series served on until its circulation reach was minimized, ultimately replaced by more modern and efficient hand grenade types the world over. In April of 1945, the Mk II series (note Roman numerals) was redesignated as the “Mk 2”. The variants naturally followed suit in the US Army inventory, each dropping their Roman numeral identifiers. The Mk II series was eventually replaced in the American inventory by the smooth-sided (and decidedly egg-shaped) M26 series of the 1950s. View our collection of hand grenades here 98K CARABINE, GERMANY 1935 We released a new resource for our fans of DENIX replicas. They often ask us to develop replicas of more dynamic and realistic weapons. We work hard to achieve this and we always preserve the safety of replicas that are 100% harmless. Our replicas have mechanisms that make the experience more dynamic and real, but this entails that our fans try to personalize and customize them by making them their own. Enjoying their replicas and the experience with their stories. You already know that in DENIX we strongly discourage the manipulation of our models to modify or alter both their appearance and their functionality. And we decline any responsibility for the result of the changes made by the customer in any of our original models. But many of you do it and you ask us how to mount or dismantle our weapons. We think that this video tutorial can help you. And so become experts among the fans of our historical weapons replicas. Hope you enjoy it. original post published by DENIX on their website On Monday, August 6, 1945, the Little Boy nuclear weapon was released on Hiroshima. Some military camps were in the vicinity, including the headquarters of the Fifth Division and those of the Second General Army of Field Marshal Hata Shunroku, who commanded the defense of the entire southern part of the country. The Little Boy bomb was dropped at 08:15 a.m. and reached 55 seconds the height determined for its explosion, approximately 600 meters above the city. It is estimated that instantaneously the temperature rose to more than one million degrees Celsius, which burned the surrounding air, creating a ball of fire of 256 meters in diameter. In less than a second the ball expanded to 274 meters, the radius of total destruction was 1.6 kilometers, causing fires in 11.4 km². Between 70,000 and 80,000 people, about 30% of the population of Hiroshima, died instantly, while another 70,000 were injured. original post published by DENIX on their website
Last time I asked how to make an animation that moves along the vertex, thankfully I learned how to use an animation node (How can I make an object move along the vertex of another object?), But is there a way to make the animation below using the animation node? - Each time the camera rotates along the vertex, the light source moves to the next vertex. - The camera repeats movement until the light source reaches all the vertices. I'm a beginner and I don't know how to make it. Thanks in advance!
verb[no object] formal or humorous - The final chorus in this production reverses the emotional polarities of the whole opera: singing about their new-won freedom, the humans fight, flirt and fornicate. - He thus has the knowledge that he should avoid fornication, but he fornicates nonetheless because he actually sees the fornication as an act of pleasure to be pursued. - A man of irreproachable personal piety who nevertheless has no objection to his neighbors’ boozing on the Sabbath or fornicating in haylofts is not a Puritan. - Example sentences - Will we change the Constitution to restrict the rights of fornicators, adulterers or divorcees in the interest of protecting the ‘sanctity’ of marriage? - By the late eighteenth century, New England law enforcers arrested few fornicators or adulterers, though premarital and extramarital sex had hardly disappeared. - And yet not one member of the House or Senate would consider supporting a constitutional amendment to discriminate against fornicators or adulterers. Middle English (as fornication): from ecclesiastical Latin fornicat- 'arched', from fornicari, from Latin fornix, fornic- 'vaulted chamber', later 'brothel'. For editors and proofreaders Definition of fornicate in: What do you find interesting about this word or phrase? Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.
THE ancient Egyptian practice of mummification may date back 1500 years earlier than previously thought, an Australian-led study has discovered. The findings, led by Macquarie University researchers and based on studies of bodies found in ancient Egyptian graves from up to 6000 years ago, is published in the scientific journal PLOS ONE. Previous research suggests that mummification began about 2200BC, but the new research indicates the practice was already happening between 4500BC and 3350BC. “We’ve found experimentation in preservation was taking place in a tribal, pre-historic society some 1500 years before the practice was regularly accepted to have begun,” said Dr Jana Jones of Macquarie University. Dr Jones said the artefacts the team studied were excavated from tombs in Badari and Mostagedda in Egypt in the 1920s and 30s, and displayed in the UK’s Bolton Museum. She visited the museum and found that the samples, some dating back to 4500BC, hadn’t been archaeologically analysed in 80 years. Dr Jones discovered signs of a complex, processed mixture in the funerary linen samples that included aromatic plant extract, a plant gum and a natural petroleum source - a resin commonly used for mummification much later on. “There was no fundamental change in the embalming mixture used some 3000 years later,” she said. “The differences lay in substitution of an ingredient, but it already contained the empirical science that would become true mummification.” Dr Jones was given permission to take 92 samples back to Australia for further analysis. The bodies were found in the more extravagant graves, suggesting only the privileged people in this ancient society were preserved. “They were in graves that had more offerings than others,” Dr Jones said. “Such as a child buried with a pet gazelle and a lot of jewellery. “I believe they were special members of a society.” Dr Jones said bodies were not completely mummified in these findings. “Certain parts of the body such as head or the hands were treated in this (preservation) mixture,” she said. “We’re looking at a time that was 1000 years before writing, but we’re understanding they really had an understanding of the science.”
What we recommend Kaiser Permanente and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that babies get nothing but breast milk for the first 6 months of life and continue to breastfeed for at least a year. “Contrary to popular belief, almost every woman can breastfeed successfully, but we often don’t get enough education and support to figure out how to do it correctly. Talk to friends and family members who have breastfed and take advantage of the classes that we offer,” says Kaiser Permanente physician assistant Lisa Marquardt. Here are some reasons to consider breastfeeding. It’s good for the baby - Breast milk is easiest for your baby to digest. - Breast milk provides antibodies that protect your baby from illnesses including ear infections, asthma, and respiratory infections. - Breast milk contains the right combination of vitamins and iron for your baby. - Holding your baby close when breastfeeding helps establish a strong bond. - Studies have shown that breastfed babies are at a lower risk of being obese later in life. - There is no risk of contamination from bacteria, chemicals, or other substances that can get into formula. Breast milk is fresh, at the right temperature, and ready to feed. It’s good for the mother - After your baby is born, breastfeeding helps your body recover from the stresses of pregnancy, labor, and delivery. - Breastfeeding moms experience less postpartum bleeding. - Breast milk is convenient — you have access to it almost anywhere, anytime. - Producing milk burns calories, which can help you return to your pre-pregnancy weight sooner. Between 300 and 500 calories per day are used for breastfeeding. By 6 weeks after delivery, women who breastfeed usually have lost an average of 4 pounds more than women who bottle feed. - Studies have shown that breastfeeding can reduce a woman’s risk of metabolic syndrome and some types of cancer, including breast cancer. - Formula can be expensive — breast milk is free. It’s good for the planet - Breastfeeding is clean and green. - It saves water. - There’s no wasted energy for manufacturing. - It doesn’t create waste. Thinking of nursing your baby? Learn the breastfeeding basics.
Naming Contest Rules - All entries must be received by Nov. 11, 2011 - Students may work alone, in small groups, or together as a whole class. - Each teacher may submit ONLY ONE ENTRY PER CLASS on behalf of his/her students. - A teacher may submit an entry on behalf of an individual student or on behalf of the whole class. - If a teacher teaches more than one class, he/she may submit ONE ENTRY PER class. - This contest is open to students in kindergarten through 12th grade at schools in the United States. - All schools, elementary, middle and high school, can participate, including public, private, and homeschooled. - Also allowed to send entries are all organizations and groups working with youth, including Boy and Girl Scouts, afterschool and library programs. - Submissions must be students' original work. Entries containing plagiarized material will be disqualified. - Entries must be written in English. - Entries over 500 words will be disqualified. There is no minimum length for the entries - Older students' submissions will be held to higher standards than younger students' submissions. - Please submit the names of all students who participated in the naming contest. - If more than one class submits the same winning names, the justification for the names will be used as a tie-breaker. - Participants agree to assign copyright to JPL so that JPL and NASA can post the entries, as excerpts or in their entirety, on NASA web sites, along with the winning students' names, school, city, and state. - The decision of the judges is final. How to Enter: - Entries must be submitted by teachers using the Online Entry Form - NASA does not collect contact information for minors. Do not include direct contact information for students under age 18. - All communication will be conducted between JPL and the students' teacher. - Use only plain text (no images or attachments). Attachments will not be accepted. - Entries received via email will NOT be considered Make Sure To Include: - Teacher's name, teacher's email address, and teacher's phone number including area code, school name and address, so we can contact the teacher. - The name(s) and grade(s) of all students who contributed to the entry being submitted. - The two spacecraft, GRAILA and GRAIL*B, will be officially renamed with the winning names selected by the judges. - The class of the student(s) whose teacher submitted the winning spacecraft names and the best justification for selecting these names will be invited to participate in a teleconference with GRAIL mission team members. - Autographed MoonKAM images will be mailed to the winning school. - All students who submitted the winning spacecraft names will be listed on the GRAIL website. Questions should be sent to: email@example.com
noun[mass noun] Chemistry A strongly basic crystalline compound, used in organic synthesis. - Although a molecule of guanidine contains only five hydrogen atoms, it can effectively store nine by extracting hydrogen from the water recovered from the exhaust. - However, experience with guanidine and biguanides prompted the development of metformin. - When guanidine hydrochloride is present these complexes dissociate into smaller units. For editors and proofreaders Line breaks: guan\|idine Definition of guanidine in: What do you find interesting about this word or phrase? Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.
The 'Voyager' Mountains Date: 10 Sep 2007 Cassini zooms in, for the first time, on the patchy, bright and dark mountains originally identified in images from the NASA Voyager spacecraft taken more than 25 years earlier. The image was acquired during Cassini's only close flyby of Iapetus, a two-toned moon of Saturn. The terrain seen here is located on the equator of Iapetus at approximately 199 degrees west longitude, in the transition region between the moon's bright and dark hemispheres. North is up. The image was taken on 10 September 2007, with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera at a distance of approximately 9,240 km (5,740 miles) from Iapetus. Image scale is 55 m (180 feet) per pixel. Last Update: 15 Sept 2011 (AMB) Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute
Definition of Expressive behaviors Get Babylon's Dictionary & Translation Software Free Download Now! Expressive behaviors Definition from Social Science Dictionaries & Glossaries Glossary of Significant Concepts in Parental Acceptance-Rejection Theory Refer in the sociocultural systems model to beliefs and behaviors of individuals that express or reflect their internal psychological states. For example, why do some people prefer simplicity in art whereas others prefer more complex art? Or, why do some believe God is harsh and punitive whereas others believe God is warm and loving--and others do not believe in God at all? These and many other expressive beliefs, preferences, and behaviors tend worldwide to be reliably associated with childhood experiences of parental acceptance-rejection. (See sociocultural systems subtheory; universals in human behavior)Contributed by the RONALD AND NANCY ROHNER CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF PARENTAL ACCEPTANCE AND REJECTION
A curious symmetry sits at the very heart of logic I should like to call attention to a certain symmetry to be found in the logical relation between “and” and “or.” One begins to see it already in the familiar De Morgan laws: In plain language, these laws express respectively that two statements p and q are both true exactly when neither is false, and at least one is true exactly when not both are false. The curious symmetry I have in mind with these identities is their common algebraic form. In each case on the right-hand side we perform the same kind of calculation—we first negate the propositional atoms, then apply one of the connectives, and finally negate the result. The surprise is that by doing so with either operator we achieve the same final result we would have gotten with a direct application of the other operator. With this strange inside-out doubly negated process we thus transform “and” into “or” and vice versa. This relationship is precisely what it means to say that conjunction and disjunction are dual logical operators. And we can undertake the same process with any logical connective—for any binary connective ○* we define the dual connective ○* by: Keep reading with a 7-day free trial Subscribe to Infinitely More to keep reading this post and get 7 days of free access to the full post archives.
Skip to content Tree of Life How to Filmmaking The Environmental Impact of Forest Fires The Benefits and Power of Composting The Top Science Apps You Can Download Composting is Easier than you Think Can you really beat roulette with science? The Sea Turtle Rehab Facility in Boston Understanding the Rainforests of the World - An Infographic Simple Steps to Slowing the Emerald Ash Borer Why care about the Amazon? Using Space Data to Make Critical Infrastructures Safe and Secure « Previous Page Next Page » Full List of our Videos How to Make Science Films We're Making FREE Tutorials New From Untamed Science The Gopher Tortoise: An Icon of the Longleaf How to Create a "Droneception" Photo The Death adder: Australia’s top ambush predator Scientists Discover a New Dinosaur! Siats How the West Was Burned: A Tale of Wildfires and Ecosystems in the American West Spotted Wobbegong Shark: The Camouflage Master Manul - Pallas's Cat How I sank my sailboat and nearly died Australia's Most Dangerous Creatures Camera Gear for Filming in Remote Locations Decoding the Driftelss Area Will red wolves survive? Depression in Biologists, Filmmakers, Artists What is the most dangerous dog breed? Why Fire is Actually Great for Forests How do mycorrhizae work? Did Yellowstone wolves really save the park’s ecosystem? What’s the deal with whooping cranes? What happened to the Tasmanian tiger? 10 Facts About Chernobyl That You Didn't Know Snow Leopard: Ghost of the Mountains Physics of Archery: The Science Explained How to: Burning Steel Wool About the site Media & Awards Copyright © 2019 All rights reserved. Can't find what you were looking for? Join our mailing list Follow Us on... Like Us on Facebook Follow Us on Twitter Watch us on YouTube Our other sites: The Wild Classroom
Sitting on the sofa or laying in the bed? Chips or chocolate? Desktop, Smartphone or TV? What do you prefer while watching a series on Netflix? Netflix beats his competitors in usability on all devices. Have you ever wondered why the usage of Netflix is this intuitive and easy? Possibly because your mind understands the big picture before you recognize every single element which is implemented in the app. This phenomenon is called Gestalt Principles. This app study is dedicated to the analysis of the Netflix mobile app in consideration of the Gestalt principles. You can give your users the same experience with your app. Review of the Gestalt Principles - Law of Proximity: Elements which near together seem to be related. - Law of Closure: The human mind tries to fill unfinished information. - Law of Similarity: Similar looking elements are understood as a group. - Law of Common Region: Elements which are are together in a close region will be understood as a group. - Law of Continuity: Elements that are aligned linear seem to be more related then randomly ordered elements. - Law of Figure and Ground: People instinctively recognize if elements are in the foreground or background. - Law of Symmetry: Symmetric elements give the user the feeling that everything is ordered. - Law of Common Fate: Elements which move in the same direction are considered to belong to each other If you haven’t heard about Gestalt Principles yet, you should read this article. A closer look at the Netflix mobile app You have to know one important thing before we start: Don’t just focus on one of the Principles! You’ll find a combination of Gestalt Principles on every screen and in every other app. This combination makes the app intuitive and loved by users. Now we can have a closer look at the screens you find in the Netflix app: You’ll see this screen when you open the app for the first time. How many illustrations can you see here? The dots on the bottom show you that you will find three more pictures when you scroll to the left. You understand the four dots on the bottom of the page as belonging together and similar in functionality. This is because of the law of continuity and similarity! Let’s log in and search for some cool series – and Gestalt Principles 😉 At the moment ATYPICAL seems to be the new series Netflix wants to promote. Have you seen it yet? Have a closer look at the design of the promotion. It looks organized, you can go with your eyes over the page quick and smooth. Nothing special to find. Really? No, just perfectly planned and describable with the Gestalt Principles. The Netflix logo, the title, and the play button are vertically centered, other information like the check and the “i” are ordered symmetrically next to the Play button. The symmetric design and with this the Law of Symmetry gives you the feeling that everything is normal and ordered. Are you more interested in action series, comedy or romances? No problem! You can scroll down to find some more series. The previews of the next series are not completely shown. Described with the Law of Closure your mind understand that you can scroll down before you have to think about where you’ll find the next series. But why? Because it tries to fill the missing information (the cut part of the preview). The same goes for the page you’ll see when you scroll down. Here you’ll find more previews summarized in different categories, the genre written directly over the pictures. The Law of Proximity describes that you understand that elements which are close together seem to belong together. Do you want to watch a specific genre? Scroll to the right in all the genres you want to and you will see more series. The Law of Common Fate describes that elements which move in the same direction seem to belong together. Well sure, it would be difficult to let the elements in one genre move in different directions. This series looks interesting! If you don’t like it, no problem, the pages look the same for every series. Let’s have a closer look at the series – and the more or less hidden Gestalt Principles. When you scroll down you’ll find an overview of all episodes per season. The Law of Proximity works the same as on the page before. Title, video, and description are close together and seems to belong together. Between two episodes there is a gap to show which description belongs to which title and video. The half cut video, and with this, the Law of Closure shows you that there must be more information or episodes when you scroll down. This series was really great, right? Or really boring? Show everybody what you think about it. Click on the rating button and you’ll find one more Gestalt Principles: the Law of Figure and Ground. I’m sure you’ll look at the two thumbs now and not on the background anymore – this is what this law describes. During all the screens, have you recognized, that the navigation bar on the bottom of the screen was in a black box? Maybe not, but you knew that these four icons don’t belong to the title pictures, episode descriptions or rating buttons. The Law of Common Region describes this phenomenon. Netflix has designed this very nondescript and in the same color as the background.
People have an enduring fascination with mysteries. And failing a mystery, they are even willing to concoct ridiculous conspiracies when the truth clearly points in a certain direction. As the search continues for Malaysia Air Flight 370, both of those ideas are in play. The flight went missing on March 8 with 227 passengers and 12 crew on board. It was the first time that many of us learned that are dead spots in the world’s radar and that a jet can “disappear” in, ahem, plain sight. If you’ve visited the message boards and comment sections on any number of websites, you’ll discover that many people know exactly what happened to the plane. Or at least they think they do. Our favourite conspiracy theory so far is the idea that aliens ran off with the entire jet and all of the people on board. Other more plausible theories -- but equally unproven -- include the usual assortment such as hijacking, weather, catastrophic mechanical breakdown, pilot error or even decompression that left everybody unconscious. If you remember how professional golfer Payne Stewart died -- cruising across America in a jet with everyone unconscious until the plane crashed in a field in South Dakota -- it’s an awful fate to contemplate. Because this plane has utterly vanished, some other theories have also come forward. A scary one is the thought of suicide by the pilot, which has happened before. One expert that has been interviewed thinks this is the most likely explanation for the weird confluence of events that followed, including someone turning off the aircraft’s transponder. We’ve also heard a meteor collision mentioned, which would make those 237 people among the unluckiest in the planet’s history. There’s a wonderful expression that suggests that when all you have is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail. That means some of our far-right friends down in the United States have found a way to link to President Barack Obama. Others have linked the plane’s disappearance to North Korea or Uighur separatists from China. Some have conjured up visions of Flight 19, five torpedo bombers that famously disappeared over the Bermuda Triangle on Dec. 5, 1945 with the los of 14 men. That tragedy was later compounded when one of the planes looking for them exploded, killing 13 more men. Amelia Earhart’s disappearance in 1937 somewhere in the South Pacific is also an enduring mystery. You’ll get an A+ if you thought of the obscure disappearance of Norwest Orient Flight 2501 that disappeared with 58 people on board over Lake Michigan in 1950. We have a contemporary arrogance about the worthiness of our machines and our ability to track them at all times. The thought of the breakdown of those machines or the people who operate them is a little too much to handle for many. Regardless of whether the 239 souls on board Flight 370 magically turn out to be OK in a weird hijacking or if they died hours after the plane began to act erratically, the lesson remains the same. When our faith is completely put in technology, it won’t ever be long before it’s proven to be misplaced. Prince Albert Daily Herald
Tutorial math and reading software for elementary and secondary arithmetic, basic math, algebra, geometry, precalculus plus GED, ABE, and CLEP preparation for elementary school, high school, college, adult education, and homeschool students. Trigonometry - Part 2 (Click on image to see sample screens.) Academic Computer Software for Trig Help to Learn Trig Identities, Trig Proofs and Trig Formulas with explanations, examples and interactive practice with step-by-step solutions. Conclude with a comprehensive test. Continue your study of Trigonometry with the following topics: Trig Identities, Trig Proofs, Double Angle Formulas, Half Angle Formulas, Sum & Difference Formulas, Expressions & Equations, Solving Right Triangles, The Law of Cosines, The Law of Sines, Area of a Triangle, Vectors, Real World Problems, Polar Coordinates, and DeMoivre's Theorem. This program concludes with a 30-question test printable with or without solutions. Available for immediate download.
After the Estonian government promised in its coalition agreement to tax deforestation, the Ministry of Climate is considering requiring deforesters to plant equal volumes of new forest to replace cleared trees as well, BNS, a Baltic newswire, and ERR.ee. the website of Estonian national broadcaster ERR, reported on August 1. Deforestation is the complete removal of a forest in order to convert it to some other, non-forest use, such as the construction of buildings, railways or roads. Ministry of Climate Undersecretary Marku Lamp said that clearing forests for the construction of settlements or roads directly impedes the achievement of nature conservation and climate targets, as it reduces the area of forested land, thus reducing the amount of carbon it sequesters. Lamp added that it's also necessary to compensate for deforestation because cutting down forests reduces suitable habitats available for forest biota as well as business income and tax revenues from forestry. Ants Erik, board chair at the Estonian Private Forest Union (Eesti Erametsaliit, EEML) is in favour of the government's tax plan. He added, however, that tax revenue generated by deforestation should go to surrounding land and forest owners, as deforestation could drive wildlife to relocate to adjacent forests, due to which the state may impose additional restrictions on the property owners. While the initial government action plan called for the climate ministry to have come up with deforestation specifications and proposals by the middle of summer, according to Lamp, all of the details regarding the tax, such as the size thereof, nonetheless won't be clear until autumn. According to the Ministry of Climate's data, over the last decade, an average of 1,500 hectares of land in Estonia has been deforested each year, most of the time necessitated by the expansion of built-up areas. This was followed by deforestation for road construction purposes, BNS reported.
The Round House is a novel written by Louise Erdrich. The main characters are Joe Coutts, Gerdaline Coutts, Judge Coutts, Cappy, Linden Lark, Linda Wishkob, Sonja, Uncle Whitey, Mooshum, Mayla Wolfskin, Father Travis, and Pearl. One day, Joe’s mother, Geraldine drove to her workplace to pick up a file after receiving a call from Mayla Wolfskin. When she reached her workplace, she was raped, kidnapped, and almost got killed. Later, devastated by the attack, she refused to leave her room. Response To The Red Convertible An illness or severe trauma does not only affect the person but it affects the people around the victim. “In the Red Convertible” by Louise Erdrich accurately describes the complex recovery from Henry returning back from the war. This story reminded me of when my mother was fighting depression because of the relationship, transformation, recovery and the reflection the story illustrates. Henry and Lyman in the beginning of the story is like my mom and I. We use to go out all the time to places such as Yosemite and amusement parks. All the Rage by Courtney Summers is a novel about a rape victim named Romy that lost her respect because no one wanted to believe that the town’s golden boy Kellan Turner raped her. The night after she attended a party, she woke up with no memory of the previous night and news that her former best friend Penny Young was missing. There is a huge mystery to solve with Penny Young that raises many questions about date rape drugs, rape and death. All the Rage shows readers that society doesn’t allow rape victims a chance for rightful justice portrayed by the preconceived notions that surround the main Character Romy, the setting of the novel and the theme. Louise Erdrich’s “The Round House” consists of many complex ideas and topics, many of which we were unable to touch on in class. One of the most important points in our readings I found was the scene when Joe realizes where Mayla’s body is and the character Bugger’s connection to this awareness. Although he appears in the novel only briefly, the five or so pages that involve Bugger and what he knows are some of the most significant pages in the entire book. What he knows and the decisions Joe makes about that information have made a very significant impact on the outcome of the story. Bugger first important scene happens while Joe is eating lunch with Linda at Mighty’s. This “unattended wound” illustrates that numerous people in the Native American community experience intricate and challenging lives, not just the characters within the novel. Further, Orange writes how Jacquie questions that the people around her often appear to be filled with confidence and a lack of self-doubt, but “Jacquie can’t remember a day going by when at some point she hadn’t Louise Erdrich, author of “The Red Convertible,” is the daughter of a German-American father and a Chippewa Indian mother. They were both employed at the Bureau of Indian Affairs boarding school and from an early age, Louise was encouraged by her father to write stories. She says that “my father used to give me a nickel for every story I wrote” (Madden 241). After years of writing, Louise received the National Book Award for Fiction in 2012 for her novel “The Round House.” “The Red Convertible” follows the brotherhood of Lyman Lamartine and Henry Junior and illustrates the symbolization of the red convertible. The first theme shows how that native americans were treated badly. In the story, Brigadier General Patrick E. Connor announced in July that the Indians North of the platte River “must be hunted like dogs.” There were many times in the book where it locked like the Indians were being targeted by everyone. It said, “When the bluecoats gunfire grew too overwhelming, the Sioux would draw away”, so that shows that even after they tried to quit the bluecoats still fired. Even though they were treated like crap, They still didn’t give up. The first theme is how the Native Americans were treated badly. “Trader Andrew Myrick declared, “So far as I am concerned, if they are hungry let them eat grass or their own dung.” “The United States government did not bother to obtain consent.” They did not care if the Native Americans were treated badly, Myrick said if they were hungry they could eat grass or their own dung, and the United States did not even bother to obtain consent. The second theme is don’t give up and to fight for your rights. While reading “Ramona” one of the overarching themes in the novel is the mistreatment of Native Americans. The reason that Helen Hunt Jackson was able to write so much on this subject without having people criticize her for a biased view, is because the story of “Ramona” is based on the treatment of Native Americans. The prejudices that affected them in the 1800’s was horrific. The Native American were moved off their homelands, forced into a situation of being put into camps, and a lack of rights. This lack of rights is where Helen Hunt Jackson attempt to expose this mistreatment and abuse to the light. The excerpt from Louise Erdrich’s novel, The Beet Queen, tells the story of two siblings arriving in an unfamiliar town. The excerpt depicts the different reactions of the siblings to their situation. The imagery of the excerpt conveys the state of the unfamiliar environment. The selection of detail in the excerpt reveals the impact that the environment has on the children. In the excerpt from Louise Erdrich’s novel, The Beet Queen, Erdrich uses imagery and selection of detail to depict the impact of the environment on the two children. The coming of age of a person could be at the age of twelve, or twenty, or forty – it all depends on each person’s ability to reach a certain level of maturity – not necessarily meaning when one is independent, but rather when one seems sensible and reliable. In terms of maturity, humans have different levels of development some mature faster, while others develop quite gradually. Most of the time, the experiences that one goes through determines the speed of the rate of the maturity of that person because past experiences affect the way that we make decisions that benefit ourselves, and the people around us. Louise Erdrich’s The Round House is a coming-of-age story about Joe Coutts, a thirteen-year-old Native American, who is thrust into adulthood Captivity is defined as the state of being imprisoned or confined. A tragic experience is given a whole new perspective from Louise Erdrich 's poem, “Captivity”. Through descriptive imagery and a melancholic tone, we can see the poem and theme develop in her words. Erdrich takes a quote from Mary Rowlandson’s narrative about her imprisonment by the Native Americans and her response to this brings readers a different story based off of the epigraph. Louise Erdrich compiles various literary devices to convey her theme of sympathy, and her poem “Captivity” through specific and descriptive language brings a whole new meaning to Mary Rowlandson’s narrative. Misery: Challenging Gender Stereotype Misery is the most thematically satisfying of all Stephen King’s novels. The theme this paper will explore further is that of King’s disturbing interpretation of gender roles. Gender stereotypes are what is thought of as societal norms dictating types of behaviour based on whether a person is a male or female. In popular literature gender stereotypes often see women as good, pure and innocent, whereas men are seen as strong and at times the evil beings, most often being the villain. Book Report Ms. Peggy French English 10A December 17 2015 The Diary of Anne Frank Book Report “The Diary of Anne Frank” is a diary written by a young Jewish girl named Anne Frank. She wrote this diary while in hiding with her family during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. This diary, which was originally written in Dutch was translated into 60 languages.
Historiography and the New Zealand Wars Like most historical topics, the New Zealand Wars have attracted the attention of historians who have written many different things about those conflicts. As a consequence, a New Zealand Wars historiography has developed since the 1860s. A brief summary of this historiography can be accessed by clicking here # New Zealand Wars? What’s in a Name? This summary focuses on questions like what are we doing when we put names to history? To see an expanded version of the summary, as published in 2009, click here- # Full Historiography Essay. The reference for this full version is Danny Keenan, ‘Introduction’ in Wars Without End, The Land Wars in Nineteenth Century New Zealand, Penguin Books, Revised Edition, September 2009, pp. 29-43. Te Ara is the New Zealand government’s awesome National Electronic Encyclopedia and is a treasure trove of information about New Zealand history, politics, society, culture, geography, economy arts and, not least, people. The website is administered by the Ministry of Heritage and Culture. To see an overview of the New Zealand Wars written by Danny for the Te Ara website, click here – The Wars on Te Ara. The Musket Wars Generally speaking, the New Zealand Wars do not include the earlier inter-tribal ‘musket wars’ which were fought with great savagery all over Aotearoa between the early 1800s and the early 1840s. Our definition of the New Zealand Wars does not include these wars, which is not to say they were not important because they were. To read about these musket wars however, click here – The Musket Wars.
close reading worksheet Here is the Close Reading Worksheet section. Here you will find all we have for Close Reading Worksheet. For instance there are many worksheet that you can print here, and if you want to preview the Close Reading Worksheet simply click the link or image and you will take to save page section. Reading Sage Close Reading Passages Free Non Fiction Toolkit Reading Ideas Pinterest Close Reading Close Reading Providing Text Evidence Third Grade Think Tank Reading Comprehension Worksheets Close Reading Reading Graphic Organizers Worksheets Close Read Graphic Organizers Worksheets Close Reading Prompts And Worksheet Reading Comprehension Close Reading Worksheet (spanish) Tpt Romeo And Juliet Act 3, Scene 5 Close Readingelizabeth Nolan Close Read Worksheetcourtney Crossley Teachers Pay Teachers Shakespeare's Hamlet Four Soliloquy Close Reading Worksheets, Activities Use Popular Music To Improve Reading And Inspire Writing Scholastic Investigating Nonfiction Part 2 Digging Deeper With Close Reading Close Reading Worksheet High School Worksheets For All Download Close Reading Worksheetflipped Out Ela Teachers Pay Teachers Quiz & Worksheet Close Reading Techniques Study.
Clarence Jones was sitting 50 feet behind his boss, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., on the brilliant, sunny day in 1963 when King delivered the speech that would forever change the course of race relations in the United States. Now, 50 years later, Jones recalls how the words "I have a dream," were not written in the text that King prepared and began to read that day. Instead, King improvised on the spot, reviving a phrase he has used previously with little impact, according to Jones, King's lawyer, speechwriter and confidant. "I have a dream," King shouted to the crowd, his voice reverberating with emotion, "that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will be judged not by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character." Delivered 50 years ago on Wednesday, King's image of his dream for a better America still inspires the United States. The speech was delivered to more than 250,000 people who came to Washington, D.C., to march for civil rights at a time when it was still illegal for blacks and whites to marry in many states, and just months after protesters in Alabama were set upon with police dogs and fire hoses. King had spoken before about having a dream for his children, and for America, but the phrase had never really resonated with an audience and the idea was left out of the text for that day's speech altogether, Jones said in an interview with Reuters near his home in Palo Alto. He also recounted the story in his most recent book, "Behind the Dream," which was published in 2011. King had prepared a text that started with several paragraphs of Jones' writing. As King began to read it, Jones tracked the paragraphs as they went by. The first seven were as he had written them. One hundred years after the Emancipation Proclamation freed U.S. slaves, "the life of the Negro is still badly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination," King intoned. A Baptist preacher with a stirring and charismatic speaking style, King went on, reading parts of the text that he had added to the first few paragraphs by Jones. Then came the change in script. The gospel singer Mahalia Jackson, who had earlier performed the song, "How I Got Over," yelled from the stands. "Tell 'em about the dream, Martin," she said, according to Jones. "Tell 'em about the dream!" 'EVERYTHING THEREAFTER WAS SPONTANEOUS' Jones said he could not see Jackson because she was sitting below him, but he heard her voice. He also saw King, who had been reading from the text in front of him, look up. King nodded to where Jackson was sitting, Jones said, adding he saw King take hold of the pages of his speech and move them to one side. "He moves the text of the speech to the left side of the lectern, grabs the lectern, looks out on those more than 250,000 people assembled and thereafter begins to speak completely spontaneously and extemporaneously," Jones said. "Everything thereafter was spontaneous," he said. "That was the 'I have a dream' speech." From that moment on, King's cadence changed as sentences and ideas built on one another to reach powerful crescendos. "I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood," King said. "I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice." Jones, who is the author of two books about King, teaches at both Stanford University and the University of San Francisco. He was born in Philadelphia in 1931 and he met King in 1960, remaining close to him until King's assassination in 1968. He said he believes a number of conditions that day helped make the moment historic: the beautiful weather; the presence of more than 250,000 people; a powerful speech that preceded King's by Joachim Prinz, then president of the American Jewish Congress; the location at the foot of the Lincoln Memorial, and the centennial anniversary of the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, which freed black slaves in the United States. Anger among black Americans was also at a tipping point, Jones said. Images of police dogs and fire hoses used against peaceful demonstrators, including children, at protests in Birmingham, Alabama, enraged African-Americans and shocked many around the world. "You can't understand about the 'I have a dream' speech," Jones said, "unless you pause and reflect about the historical circumstances that were taking place in the country at that time." © 2016 Thomson/Reuters. All rights reserved.
Sealants are applied to teeth to help prevent cavities. In the past, they usually were used only in children. But adults also can get sealants. Not only are sealants very effective, they cost a lot less than filling cavities. In children, sealants can be applied to baby molars to protect them from cavities. Eventually, these molars fall out and the new, permanent molars come in. These molars can be sealed, too. Most dentists recommend that sealants be applied to each permanent molar as soon as possible. This can be when the tooth is only partially erupted into the mouth. However, it can be done only if the tooth can be kept dry and free of saliva while the sealant is applied. If your child has a high risk of cavities, your dentist may decide to seal the premolars, or bicuspids, as well. The premolars are the teeth directly in front of the molars. Sealants can be used in adults who have an increased risk of developing cavities. Your dentist can suggest whether sealants are appropriate for you. Sealants can be put on teeth that show early signs of decay. But once the decay has broken through the enamel, the tooth will need a filling.
Children with disabilities have special health needs that are as individual to each child as a fingerprint. The care of each child with a disability requires investment and attention to individual needs. Some disabilities are hard to see, – the same disability can impact different children in very different ways, and children can be impacted by the interaction between multiple disabilities. Nearly a quarter of children with disabilities have more than one type. According to a 2013 study using data from the National Health Interview Survey, more children today have a disability than a decade ago. Between the years of 2001 and 2010, the overall prevalence of disabilities in children increased 16.3% with nearly six million children nationwide having a medical disability diagnosis. This is an increase of over one million children between 2001 and 2010. The study classified conditions into three groups — physical, neurodevelopmental or mental health, and other. It was found that while disabilities related to physical health conditions had decreased, those impacting neurodevelopment and mental health experienced increased rates. This was most notable for our youngest children, with rates for children under age six nearly doubling in just two years. The reasons for the increase could not be pinpointed and much more research is needed to identify possible causes and solutions. Of all Nebraska children, 6.7% received services for their special health care need – but only 16% who needed services began receiving them before the age of three. Children’s outcomes can be improved through earlier diagnosis allowing physical and education interventions to begin sooner. Services to young children who have or at risk for developmental delays have shown to positively impact health, language and communication, cognitive development, and social and emotional development. Identifying need as early as possible allows for services to begin when a child’s brain is most capable of change. Early diagnosis and service reduces incidence of future problems in learning, behavior, and health status. Intervention is likely to be more effective, and is less costly, when provided earlier in life. In order to best meet the health needs of Nebraska’s children with disabilities, Voices for Children recommends: Expand early screening and diagnosis procedures. Nebraska’s children with disabilities need our help and support! Click here for access to all of the data and findings on Nebraska’s children with disabilities. Click here to request a copy of the 2017 Kids Count in Nebraska Report, or call our office at (402) 597-3100 to schedule a time to pick up a copy in person!
Regional case studies Regional case studies from the 'Human dynamics of climate change' poster Across Europe the demand for water for irrigation of crops is projected to increase, as are drought and warm day temperatures, while water available through run-off is projected to decrease. Most major crops are projected to see increases in average yields, although projections of crop yield are highly uncertain and this assumes adequate water for irrigation. Europe is an exporter of wheat and maize and an importer of all four major crops; this links climate impacts in the Americas and Asia in particular, to Europe. Some regions are projected to see a decrease in the frequency of river flooding but other areas, such as the UK, show projected increases. Middle East and North Africa Parts of North Africa are already water stressed and the region around the Mediterranean is projected to see some of the largest increases in the number of drought days and decreases in average annual water run-off. In addition the warmest days are projected to become warmer in this already hot climate. The Middle East and North Africa is a major import region for wheat, maize and rice, linking it to the impacts of climate change in the major production regions of these crops; mainly North America, but also South America, Russia, Australia and northern Europe. Extremely large relative population increases are projected in Sub-Saharan Africa along with decreases in average annual water run-off. This will increase pressure on the demand for food and water, when most of the region already suffers from high levels of food insecurity and water stress. Governance issues across Sub-Saharan Africa are highlighted by the number of countries in the region scoring highly on the Fragile States Index between 2005 and 2013. The temperature of the warmest days, the number of days in drought, and the frequency of flood events are all projected to increase across the region. South Asia is an area with very high population density, and continued population growth will increase the demand for food and water resources in an already water stressed and food insecure region. Average yields of wheat and maize are both projected to decrease, while for rice, a major export crop for the region, there is a small increase, although the range spans from 16% decrease to 19% increase in average yield. The frequency of inland flood events is projected to increase, and as the region is exposed to tropical cyclones, this along with rising sea levels could mean millions more people flooded per year along the coasts. The East Asia region imports a high proportion of wheat, maize and soybeans, with over 40% of the world's soybeans imported by China to meet a growing demand for animal feed. This links the region to climate impacts in the major production and export regions of these crops, primarily the Americas. The frequency of flood events is projected to increase. The region is exposed to tropical cyclones, and the high coastal population means rising sea levels have the potential to affect millions of people. Increasing sea temperatures and ocean acidification may also threaten the important fishing industry in the region. Southeast Asia is a densely populated region already exposed to coastal flooding and storms. With projected population increases and rising sea levels, this exposure is projected to increase considerably. The frequency of inland flooding events is also projected to increase. Warmer sea surface temperatures and ocean acidification may threaten fish stocks in this major fishing region. The region is important for rice exports and is a major producer of maize. While there are projections of a slight increase in average rice yield, maize yield is projected to decrease. This also does not account for increasing water demand for irrigation, decreasing water run-off, increases in drought days and the effect of storms. Australia has low population density and a high level of self sufficiency for food. However, it is also a major exporter of wheat, with mixed and uncertain projections in the change in average yields, which themselves depend on an adequate supply of water for irrigation. Demand for irrigation is projected to increase and large increases in the number of drought days and temperature of the warmest days are projected, while water available through run-off is projected to decrease. North America is an extremely important region for crop production; it is the primary source of wheat, maize and soybean exports to the world market, and the second largest exporter of rice after Asia. Projections of crop yield changes are highly uncertain, although in this region show some increases in yield for wheat, soybean and rice, but decreases in maize yield. These changes assume a sufficient supply of water for irrigation, as the agricultural demand increases. The number of days in drought is projected to increase, as is the temperature of the warmest days, while projections of changes in flooding are more mixed. South America is an important region for crop production, particularly for maize and soybeans. Brazil and northern South America have projections for decreases in yield of both these crops, as well as wheat, while more southern regions have a slight projected increase. However, the region is projected to experience reductions in water run-off, increases in the number of drought days and higher temperatures, combined with increases in demand for water for irrigation. Learn more about the 'Human Dynamics of Climate Change' poster here
- Storms may leave livestock producers with animal carcass disposal issues. - Oklahoma state statutes guide carcass disposal. - Be aware of guidelines. Oklahoma’s recent tornado outbreak has left some agricultural producers facing the need to dispose of animal carcasses. State criminal statutes require the following: ● It shall be unlawful to bury any carcass in any land along any stream or ravine where it is liable to become exposed through erosion of the soil or where land is subject to overflow at any time; ● It shall be unlawful for any person to leave or deposit the carcass of any animal, chicken or other fowl, whether it shall have died from disease or otherwise, in any well, spring, pond or stream of water; or leave or deposit the same within a quarter mile of any occupied dwelling or any public highway without burying; and ● Every person who violates the two preceding sections shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. According to state guidelines, producers have five options: rendering, placing the animal in landfills, burial, incineration and composting. “Rendering has long been one of the best choices and provides benefits to the environment, public health and animal health; unfortunately, it is becoming increasingly expensive,” said Ron Kensinger, head of the Oklahoma State University Department of Animal Science. Cattle carcasses in particular are becoming more difficult and expensive to send to rendering because of federal regulations. The Food and Drug Administration prohibits using parts of cattle 30 months or older to produce any food for dogs, cats and other animals unless the spinal cord and brain are first removed. Likewise, placing the animal in a landfill may require notification before delivery and possibly documentation from a licensed veterinarian stating the cause of death. “Landfill tipping fees should be assessed and may range from $20 to $30 per ton,” said Josh Payne, OSU Cooperative Extension area animal waste management specialist. “Other considerations are transportation costs and breeches of biosecurity by moving carcasses off-farm.” For a list of Oklahoma landfills that accept dead animals, visit http://www.poultrywaste.okstate.edu on the Internet. “Burial is a viable option for many producers, as long as they make sure to follow state guidelines,” said Nathan Anderson, Payne County Extension director and agricultural educator for OSU’s Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Oklahoma’s general carcass burial disposal guidelines are: ● Burial of dead livestock requires the construction of a pit; ● Do not locate the burial pit closer than one foot vertically above the flood plain or within two feet of the water table or bedrock; ● Do not locate the burial pit within 300 feet of wells, waters of the state, neighboring residences, public areas or property lines; and ● After placing the carcasses in the pit, bury the dead animals with a minimum of two-and-a-half feet of topsoil, making sure to inspect the site routinely to ensure that wild animals are not digging and dragging a carcass away. Be aware that open-air incineration of carcasses is not allowed unless the animal died of a contagious or infectious disease. Self-contained, closed incinerators and air-curtain incinerators are allowed for animals that perished as a result of the recent storms. “Composting also is a viable option for many producers,” Anderson said. “However, dumping a carcass in the woods or on some back pasture to rot or be eaten by scavengers is not composting, plus it is illegal.” Anderson said there are a number of good reasons why dumping a carcass and leaving it to rot is against the law: ● It risks disease transmission to other livestock, the producer’s own and those owned by neighboring farm and ranch operations; ● It risks disease transmission to wildlife; ● It may contaminate water sources, including the producer’s own well and those of neighboring farm and ranch operations or residences; and ● It may attract vermin and pests, including coyotes, that may transmit disease and prey on livestock. “Just dumping a carcass and leaving it to rot generally will alienate neighbors and tends to cast the entire animal agriculture industry in a bad light,” Anderson said. “Be responsible to yourself, your family, your neighbors, the industry and the environment.” Detailed information on removal of carcasses through the use of composting is available by reading OSU Extension Fact Sheet BAE-1749, “On-Farm Mortality Composting of Livestock Carcasses,” at http://osufacts.okstate.edu on the Internet. “Be aware that licensed Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations and Registered Poultry Feeding Operations must receive permission from the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry’s Agricultural Environmental Management Services (AEMS) Division prior to composting or burial, unless an operation’s approved animal waste management plan allows for composting,” Payne said. AEMS can be contacted by phone at 405-522-4659. Additional information about options producers can use to dispose of carcasses is available by reading OSU Extension Fact Sheet BAE-1748, “Proper Disposal of Routine and Catastrophic Livestock and Poultry Mortality,” at http://osufacts.okstate.edu on the Internet.
You know that friend who just adds something special to every party they attend? They show up in an eye-catching outfit, with some gossip to divulge and are a friend-to-all? For us, that’s the snapdragon. They’re bright, a little dramatic and work in pretty much every arrangement. They add colour, height and… once you know a little more about them… are incredibly interesting, with a fascinating history behind their snappy happy heads. What’s the history behind snapdragons? If you’ve ever had a little squeeze of a snapdragon’s head, and made it roar (no, just us?!) then you’re simply living life like the Ancient Greeks. As, unsurprisingly, the snapdragons name comes from its appearance – its Greek name is Antirrhinum – anti means “like,” while rrhinum means “snout.” They are the prettiest jaws and snout of a dragon we’ve ever seen. Where do snapdragons grow? While their actual origin is unknown it’s believed that snapdragons were originally wild flowers in Spain and Italy, and they’ve since spread across the world. They were brought to America when colonists began to populate the states and planted them in gardens in almost every state but we consider them quite the English garden flower, as they’re often found – from Spring onwards – popping up in gardens across the country. It’s why we love them in our boxes, to bring a taste of that quintessential English garden feel indoors. What are some fun snapdragon facts? Like Daenerys’ dragons in Game Of Thrones, the floral snapdragon is also said to provide protection. The Romans and Greeks thought snapdragons had the power to protect them from witchcraft. Descorides, the Greek physician wrote that protection would be given to the person that wore snapdragons around their neck. Planting some around your house now would give your house a Medieval castle feel, as snapdragons were also once thought to be the guardians of European castles and planted near the gates. They were also cut from the ground and then boiled up to create an infusion that women would apply to their faces to keep them beautiful and restore youth. What do snapdragons represent in the language of flowers? They’re a little contrary as in the Victorian Language of Flowers, snapdragons either mean deception or graciousness. It is said that concealing a snapdragon makes a person appear fascinating and cordial… but we’d prefer it if you kept our snapdragons in full sight. They’re too beautiful to conceal! How do I care for my snapdragons? As well as ensuring you’re giving them fresh water and food every three days, make sure you remove the lower leaves lower the water line before popping them in the vase to prolong their vase life. As Snapdragons grow from the bottom up, remove the lower flowers as they start to turn to help the top ones open up. The longer they are in the vase, the thicker the snapdragons will get. You might notice that they twist and turn towards the sunlight, this is totally normal… wouldn’t you rather face the sunlight too? You’ll find snapdragons in so many of our arrangements, as they go with everything! They add height, colour and drama and – if you like – you can also cut them down adding them to smaller vases and even little bud vases.
Over a thousand years ago, Mesopotamian artisans stumbled on a new way to add a special sheen to their ceramics: using microscopic pieces of metal. This "luster" was the first known use of nanoparticles—tiny objects that are less than 100 nanometers long in all three dimensions. In modern times, nanoparticles have emerged as a useful tool in medicine, with uses from providing the active ingredient in sunscreen (nano-scale particles of titanium dioxide), to stimulating blood vessel growth as an aid to healing, to delivering the key ingredients in artificial hearts (nanocrystalline zirconium oxide) and brain imaging (magnetic nanoparticles). One use for nanoparticles that is gaining momentum is their ability to carry prescription drugs. And one of the first nanoparticle-based products to pass animal trials is a topical cream for erectile dysfunction, which could potentially replace the tremendously popular ED drugs. Joel Friedman, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Adam Friedman, the chief dermatology resident at Albert Einstein Medical Center; and Kelvin Davies, an associate professor of urology, have demonstrated that nanoparticles can be used to deliver erection drugs in the form of a topical cream. Joel Friedman and his team created particles smaller than a virus that have a little payload of a drug—it could be anything researchers care to add—locked inside. The cage-like particles themselves are made through a complicated process that combines a particular plastic and a type of sugar first discovered in crab shells. The drug to be delivered is then stuffed inside the nanoparticle cage like the meat in a ravioli. The key ingredient the researchers put inside the nanoparticles was nitric oxide, which is pretty miraculous stuff: In 1992, Science named it the molecule of the year. In fact, without nitric oxide, erections would be impossible—the gas acts as a neurotransmitter, carrying the signal for an erection from nerves in the penis to muscles in the same organ. Drug companies took advantage of this very important fact in producing three blockbuster drugs that cause the body to release nitric oxide: Viagra, Cialis, and Levitra. While these new ED drugs have proven effective and extremely popular, they don't come without side effects: Cialis and Viagra can induce headaches and facial flushing, while Levitra can cause dizziness and nausea (among others). These side effects occur because oral doses of these medications send the drug throughout the body. If only there were a way to deliver topically deliver nitric oxide, which is a gas, directly to the—ahem—area in question. Enter nanoparticles, which possess a few properties that uniquely qualify them for the task: First, they can be formed into drug-holding cages. Second, they’re a solid rather than a gas. Third, they break down when they encounter water—for instance, once they’re inside the body—and not before. When mixed into a cream, these nitric oxide-bearing nanoparticles become the world's first reliable way to deliver a gas in the form of a cream. And nitric oxide isn't the only erection aid that can be encapsulated in Friedman's powder. Davies found that wrapping the nanoparticles around a phosphodiesterase inhibitor—otherwise known as Cialis—also produced an effective treatment. (It’s unknown whether the nanoparticle formulation eliminates the drug's most infamous side effect: “erections lasting longer than four hours.”) The Future: Nanoparticles as Cure-All? Thus far, Friedman's particles have been tested only on rats. The tests, conducted at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, consisted of dabbing a tiny amount of the cream onto the penises of rodents who are too old to get erections naturally (oh the joys of medical research). The researchers found that the normally impotent rats had no trouble getting erections after application of the drug. Human trials could begin as early as spring of 2011. In the meantime, Friedman is rallying collaborators to work on other nanoparticle drugs. In a collaboration with Pedro Cabrales of U.C. San Diego, Friedman is exploring the potential of nitric oxide nanoparticles to treat high blood pressure (nitric oxide is a vasodilator that relaxes blood vessels, and is thus an effective high blood pressure treatment). In this research, which has yet to be published, the nanoparticles would be injected instead of applied topically, so that they could circulate through the bloodstream and slowly release their nitric oxide payload. As for the future, Friedman and his team speculate there’s no reason nanoparticles couldn’t deliver just about any drug known to medicine. “Just about any drug could be carried across the dermis of the skin,” Davies says. “We haven't even begun to look at the full potential of what [nanoparticles] could carry.”
What is Linux? 🔍 Linux is a Unix-like, open source and community-developed operating system (OS) for computers, servers, mainframes, mobile devices and embedded devices. It is supported on almost every major computer platform, including x86, ARM and SPARC, making it one of the most widely supported operating systems. How is the Linux operating system used? Every version of the Linux OS manages hardware resources, launches and handles applications, and provides some form of user interface. The enormous community for developers and wide range of distributions means that a Linux version is available for almost any task, and Linux has penetrated many areas of computing. For example, Linux has emerged as a popular OS for web servers such as Apache, as well as for network operations, scientific computing tasks that require huge compute clusters, running databases, desktop and endpoint computing, and running mobile devices with OS versions like Android. Linux is highly configurable and depends on a modular design that enables users to customize their own versions of Linux. Depending on the application, Linux can be optimized for different purposes such as: - Networking performance - Computation performance - Deployment on specific hardware platforms & - Deployment on systems with limited memory, storage or computing resources. Users can choose different Linux distributions for specific applications or adapt a specific distribution to incorporate custom kernel configurations. Now comes the main part, Here are 10 Linux command to get started into Linux based distros & rapidly increase productivity. - free — get free and used memory Are you running out of memory? Use the free command to show the total amount of free and used physical (RAM) and swap memory in the Linux system. It also displays the buffers and caches used by the kernel: 1free2# human readable outputs3free -h4# use the cat command to find geeky details5cat /proc/meminfo 1sudo dmidecode -t memory Want to determine the amount of video memory under Linux, try: 1lspci \| grep -i vga2glxinfo \| egrep -i 'device\|memory' - hwinfo – probe for hardware We can quickly probe for the hardware present in the Linux server or desktop: 1# Find detailed info about the Linux box2hwinfo3# Show only a summary #4hwinfo --short5# View all disks #6hwinfo --disk7# Get an overview #8hwinfo --short --block9# Find a particular disk #10hwinfo --disk --only /dev/sda11hwinfo --disk --only /dev/sda12# Try 4 graphics card ports for monitor data #13hwprobe=bios.ddc.ports=4 hwinfo --monitor14# Limit info to specific devices #15hwinfo --short --cpu --disk --listmd --gfxcard --wlan --printer Alternatively, you may find the lshw command and inxi command useful to display your Linux hardware information: 1sudo lshw -short2inxi -Fxz Here, “inxi” is system information tool to get system configurations and hardware. It shows system hardware, CPU, drivers, Xorg, Desktop, Kernel, gcc version(s), Processes, RAM usage, and a wide variety of other useful information. - id – Display Linux user and group information for the given USER name. If user name omitted show information for the current user: See who is logged on your Linux server: 1who2who am i - lsblk – list block storage devices All Linux block devices give buffered access to hardware devices and allow reading and writing blocks as per configuration. Linux block device has names. For example, /dev/nvme0n1 for NVMe and /dev/sda for SCSI devices such as HDD/SSD. But you don’t have to remember them, you can list them easily using the following syntax: 1lsblk2# list only #3lsblk -l4# filter out loop devices using the grep command #5lsblk -l \| grep '^loop' 1NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT2md0 9:0 0 3.7G 0 raid1 /boot3md1 9:1 0 949.1G 0 raid14md1_crypt 253:0 0 949.1G 0 crypt5nixcraft-swap 253:1 0 119.2G 0 lvm [SWAP]6nixcraft-root 253:2 0 829.9G 0 lvm /7nvme1n1 259:0 0 953.9G 0 disk8nvme1n1p1 259:1 0 953M 0 part9nvme1n1p2 259:2 0 3.7G 0 part10nvme1n1p3 259:3 0 949.2G 0 part11nvme0n1 259:4 0 953.9G 0 disk12nvme0n1p1 259:5 0 953M 0 part /boot/efi13nvme0n1p2 259:6 0 3.7G 0 part14nvme0n1p3 259:7 0 949.2G 0 part - lsb_release – Linux distribution information Want to get distribution-specific information such as, description of the currently installed distribution, release number and code name: No LSB modules are available. 1Distributor ID: Ubuntu2Description: Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS3Release: 20.044Codename: focal - lscpu – display info about the CPUs The “lscpu” command gathers and displays CPU architecture information in an easy-to-read format for humans including various CPU bugs: 1Architecture: x86_642CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit3CPU(s): 84On-line CPU(s) list: 0-75Thread(s) per core: 26Core(s) per socket: 47. .8. .9. .10more... Cpu can be listed using the lshw command too: 1sudo lshw -C cpu - lstopo – display hardware topology Want to see the topology of the Linux server or desktop? (This is one of my fav), try here : You will see information about: • NUMA memory nodes, shared caches, CPU packages, processor cores, processorthread & more… - A. lsusb – list usb devices We all use USB devices, such as external hard drives and keyboards. Run the *“lsusb"" command for displaying information about USB buses in the Linux system and the devices connected to them. 1lsusb2# Want a graphical summary of USB devices connected to the system? #3sudo usbview - B. lspci – list PCI devices We use the “lspci” command for displaying information about PCI buses in the system and devices connected to them: - timedatectl – show current date and time zone Typically we use the date command to set or get date/time information on the CLI: However, modern Linux distro use the “timedatectl"" command to query and change the system clock and its settings, and enable or disable time synchronization services (NTPD and co): 1Local time: Sun 2020-12-08 15:42:16 IST2 Universal time: Sun 2020-12-08 10:12:16 UTC3 RTC time: Sun 2020-12-08 10:12:164 Time zone: Asia/Kolkata (IST, +0530)5 System clock synchronized: yes6 NTP service: active7 RTC in local TZ: no - w – who is logged in Run the w command on Linux to see information about the Linux users currently on the machine, and their processes: There are many Linux commands that can be used to get information about the Linux server or desktop. I’ve only listed the most important ones. Go ahead and try them out. That is all, I hope you liked the post. Thank you very much for reading, and have a great day! 😄
Post-Tropical Cyclone SANDRA Coastal Watches/Warnings and 3-Day Forecast Cone for Storm CenterDownload GIS data Other images: 3-Day track off – 5-Day track off – 5-Day track on – Interactive Click Here for a Printer Friendly Graphic About this product: This graphic shows an approximate representation of coastal areas under a hurricane warning (red), hurricane watch (pink), tropical storm warning (blue) and tropical storm watch (yellow). The orange circle indicates the current position of the center of the tropical cyclone. The black line, when selected, and dots show the National Hurricane Center (NHC) forecast track of the center at the times indicated. The dot indicating the forecast center location will be black if the cyclone is forecast to be tropical and will be white with a black outline if the cyclone is forecast to be extratropical. If only an L is displayed, then the system is forecast to be a remnant low. The letter inside the dot indicates the NHC's forecast intensity for that time: D: Tropical Depression – wind speed less than 39 MPH S: Tropical Storm – wind speed between 39 MPH and 73 MPH H: Hurricane – wind speed between 74 MPH and 110 MPH M: Major Hurricane – wind speed greater than 110 MPH NHC tropical cyclone forecast tracks can be in error. This forecast uncertainty is conveyed by the track forecast "cone", the solid white and stippled white areas in the graphic. The solid white area depicts the track forecast uncertainty for days 1-3 of the forecast, while the stippled area depicts the uncertainty on days 4-5. Historical data indicate that the entire 5-day path of the center of the tropical cyclone will remain within the cone about 60-70% of the time. To form the cone, a set of imaginary circles are placed along the forecast track at the 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h positions, where the size of each circle is set so that it encloses 67% of the previous five years official forecast errors. The cone is then formed by smoothly connecting the area swept out by the set of circles. It is also important to realize that a tropical cyclone is not a point. Their effects can span many hundreds of miles from the center. The area experiencing hurricane force (one-minute average wind speeds of at least 74 mph) and tropical storm force (one-minute average wind speeds of 39-73 mph) winds can extend well beyond the white areas shown enclosing the most likely track area of the center. The distribution of hurricane and tropical storm force winds in this tropical cyclone can be seen in the Wind History graphic linked above. Considering the combined forecast uncertainties in track, intensity, and size, the chances that any particular location will experience winds of 34 kt (tropical storm force), 50 kt, or 64 kt (hurricane force) from this tropical cyclone are presented in tabular form for selected locations and forecast positions. This information is also presented in graphical form for the 34 kt, 50 kt, and 64 kt thresholds.
The bubble sort works by comparing each item in the list with the item next to it, and swapping them if required. The algorithm repeats this process until it makes a pass all the way through the list without swapping any items (in other words, all items are in the correct order). This causes larger values to "bubble" to the end of the list while smaller values "sink" towards the beginning of the list. Simu-bubble is an interactive exercise designed to help you to understand how a bubble sort works. The computer presents a list of random order to you, and ask you to sort it step by step, until the required order, according to the bubble sort.
Welcome to Alaska! Join us for an an Electronic Field Trip to the Bering Land Bridge National Preserve. It is a place with a rich history and environment that makes exploring and learning fun. The Travel Guide introduces you to our destination -- Alaska's Bering Land Bridge, also know as Beringia. Visiting Beringia explains what makes this remote region of Alaska such an interesting and significant place for students to visit. Did you know that polar bears reach the Bering Land Bridge by travelling from Canada on floating ice? Explore the History and Culture of the Bering Land Bridge to find out these and other facts about our field trip destination. Any trip needs a good tour guide -- we've got several! Meet Your Guides and find out why they think Alaska is such a cool place to live and to study. Your guides also appear in the accompanying television broadcast of Arctic Journeys. See two Park Rangers exploring the Arctic coast in a Sneak Preview of one video segment, presented here as photos and captions. Once you learn more about your destination in the Travel Guide, explore the rest of our Web site to find mysteries, contests, quizzes and more in Explorations. Can an entire classroom take a field trip to Alaska? Teachers can find out more in the How to Order and Teacher Notes sections. Classes who have registered to participate will want to check in as Ticket Holders to continue their journeys.
2 of 7 Smoking affects all areas of your health—particularly your cardiovascular system—and causes coronary heart disease, the most common kind of heart disease in the United States. Some existing apps help you quit by calculating the amount of money saved by abstaining, distracting addicts from cravings, and designing personalized quitting plans. However, science-based apps are the most effective believes Dr. Thomas Glynn, MA, MS, PhD, and director of cancer science and trends at the American Cancer Society. Dr. Glynn specifically recommends NHS Quit Smoking (free for iOS ), which shares support messages for the first 30 days of quitting, plus tips from successful quitters and a direct line to the NHS Stop Smoking helpline.
By John Rossi Last week the Corbett administration quietly released one of its more remarkable documents: the Pennsylvania Climate Impacts Assessment Update. The report, which was required by law and 18 months late, points out, to the apparent discomfort of Gov. Tom Corbett and his staff, that temperatures in the state are indeed rising and this rise is caused by our and our fellow citizens’ activities, such as burning coal, oil, and natural gas, which release greenhouse gases. It concludes that “while significant economic impacts could occur within certain climate sensitive sectors, Pennsylvania’s overall economy would be little affected by projected climate change.” In light of events such as Superstorm Sandy–the massive 2012 hurricane off the Atlantic Coast which killed 159 people, flooded New York City, and caused $66 billion in damages–one wonders how the group which produced Pennsylvania Climate Impacts could make such a claim? For one, the report’s authors completely ignore Pennsylvania’s saltwater-impacted east coast. As the climate has warmed and glaciers have melted, sea levels are rising. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change points out in its recently released report that between 1971 and 2010 the sea level has risen 2.54 inches. For the years 1993-2010, however, the rate of rise per year has nearly doubled, increasing from 0.067 inches for 1971-2010 to 0.126 in the last 17 years. Climatologist Qin Dahe observes: “As the ocean warms, and glaciers and ice sheets reduce, global mean sea level will continue to rise, but at a faster rate than we have experienced over the past 40 years.” Depending on the rate of temperature increase and glacier melting, we could see the sea level rise as much as a foot in the next 50 years. A warmer ocean, the international report points out, also stores more energy. This means that storms generated over the Atlantic will have more power and thus be more severe. With higher sea levels and more power, storms that sweep in from the Delaware Bay will be devastating to the cities, towns, and developed properties on the lower Delaware River. Chester and Philadelphia will be subject to more frequent floods which will inundate much more property. The cost in direct damage and lost economic activity of such climate change-generated weather disasters will run in the billions of dollars. A warmer atmosphere for coastal regions typically means a wetter climate because warmer air holds more moisture. It also means more severe storms and flooding. Over the past 225 years, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) list of historical floods on the Susquehanna River, Harrisburg has suffered from 49 floods. Thirteen of those floods, 26 percent, occurred in the past 25 years. Eight of those floods, 16 percent occurred in the last decade. 2011 was a record-setting year with three floods hitting Harrisburg, the first time ever in its history the city has experienced that number of floods in one year. The worst was the September 2011 flood caused by Tropical Storm Lee. The Susquehanna River Basin Commission reports that it forced the evacuation of over 100,000 people and caused an estimated $1 billion in damage. Unfortunately, extreme weather caused by global warming does not just include hurricanes, tropical storms, and subsequent deluges. One of the other major effects is drought. NOAA reports that one of the most damaging severe weather events of the last decade was the 2012 drought. It effected half the country and caused $30 billion in damages due to widespread crop failures. It was also responsible for 123 heat-related fatalities. As the world heats up, Pennsylvania can expect to receive its share of drought as well as floods. It is clear from the facts above that global warming and the extreme weather it produces, is going to impose significant costs on Pennsylvania and Pennsylvanians. More property will be destroyed, more peoples’ lives will be disrupted, and more people will die than would have if the world’s temperature was not increasing. The great challenge of our time is: do we ignore the basic realities and impacts of global warming as the Governor and the authors of Pennsylvania Climate Impacts appear to want to do, or do we take action–personal and political–to dramatically cut greenhouse gas emissions and change the course of global warming? John Rossi is the co-chair of the Climate Disruption Committee of the Pennsylvania chapter of the Sierra Club.
The way to write an informative article on the Internet – that is a question you are going to ask yourself if you’ve got a small piece of writing work in mind. How do you tackle the net as a moderate? Here Are a Few Tips to help you Allow your eyes fall to the words and not on the pictures that surround them – It’s very important to get your point across using words, not graphics and images. You’ve got to have the ability to see what you are studying and to be able to hold the image in your thoughts so you’ll have something to show it. The ideal approach to do so is to allow your eyes fall on the words rather than on the pictures which surround them. Make sure that you avoid using some images and images that may distract your readers – That is why it’s extremely important to discuss this suggestion and until you completely comprehend it. Even when you’re not writing, you can’t afford to allow distractions of any sort – such as images and pictures – creep in to your own writings. This means that you ought to remove any images, graphics and pictures with text. Take care of these very small things and your writing is going to be better for this. Showing other people how good you are at writing – You’ve got to make sure that your words seem really appealing. This usually means you ought to try your best to alter the colours that your pc has. You might want to change the colours to something a little different. You might also want to concentrate on the fonts or the fashions of these letters, etc. Read out loud with your essay – You need to understand your readers don’t actually hear what you say but they see what you’re saying. This corretor ortografico online usually means that you will need to pay attention to the shape of your words – and you will need to do this every time that you’re reading your composition. Grammar is an significant part any writing, even if you’re going on the Internet as a moderate. You want to be certain you understand and remember the fundamentals of grammar – corretor de texto gratis so that your writing remains neat and all of the mistakes which you make remain readily corrected. Spell and punctuation are critical – This is true for most things in your life, particularly if you’re attempting to communicate in writing. If you keywords or misspell anything, you are more likely to overlook the punctuation that you needed to use in order to finish your sentences, and all your words are going to have the incorrect punctuation marks. If you want to be a specialist in writing, it’s ideal to ensure that you have a couple suggestions that you can utilize. These are just a couple of tips that you should remember when you’re writing your essay.
What is the home directory on Windows Subsystem for Linux? Home; Linux; How to Create and Delete Folders in Linux; How to Create and Delete Folders in Linux. Written by Allen White on June 25, 2014. Posted in Linux. Again this is a realy quick and simple guide that I thought id type up as I taught myself Linux. Here we will create a folder and then delete it. We will also learn how to delete a folder and all its contents in Linux also. Create a... 2/03/2010 · Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide This guide was created as an overview of the Linux Operating System, geared toward new users as an exploration tour and getting started guide, with exercises at the end of each chapter. how to increase /home directory size LinuxQuestions.org In my second tutorial about Linux, I’m going to look at files and folders and how they work on Linux – because it’s very different compared to the Windows way of C:, D:, and E: etc....Directories and Files Basics on Directories and files. Linux stores data and programs in files. These are organized in directories. In a simple way, a directory is just a file that contains other files (or directories). The part of the hard disk where you are authorised to save data is calle your home directory. Normally all the data you want will be saved in files and directories in your home Configure User Home Folders and Folder Redirection Data Encrypt the home folder for an existing user account To make this guide easy to follow, the user for which we'll encrypt the home directory will be called "user1", while the user account that runs the migration will be called "user2". how to clean out your throat @Kevin He mounted a separate NTFS partition to /home/data/ for the same reason one would mount an NTFS partition on a Linux box in general: so that both Linux and Windows can access it. And since Windows, unsurprisingly, does not have native support for ext4 filesystems, he had to compromise for NTFS, which Linux does support.. How to create a mic stand how to increase /home directory size LinuxQuestions.org - What is the home directory on Windows Subsystem for Linux? - How to Create And Manage Symlinks [Linux 101] - how to increase /home directory size LinuxQuestions.org - Make home directory private to other users 22/08/2006 · Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide This guide was created as an overview of the Linux Operating System, geared toward new users as an exploration tour and getting started guide, with exercises at the end of each chapter. - The command above will create a directory called TEMP within your current working directory. The following linux command will create test directory inside /tmp/ . Here the command assumes that /tmp/ directory already exists: - For instance, if the current directory is /home/hope, and you'd like to create the directory /home/hope/Documents/writing, you can use the command mkdir Documents/writing. If the Documents folder does not already exist, you should specify the -p option to create it automatically, otherwise the command will fail. - Using WSL bash console, in your home directory, create a file with an arbitrary specific name such as "test_here.txt". Then using Windows Explorer, using the search box, search for the file test_here.txt. - Those looking for an easy, universal way to encrypt the home folder on Linux need look no further than EcryptFS. 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Named sets are simply MDX expressions defined with an alias that return a set of members. If you find yourself writing complex MDX expressions to return a set of members often or if you have a commonly used expression, consider creating a named set. This will prevent you from having to duplicate your work. To create a named set, open your SSAS project and head to the Calculations tabs. Find the icon with the curly brackets and click it. Give your named set a name. For this example, I’m using the Adventure Works 2008 R2 cube and I’m creating a named set to return the top ten products with the highest Internet Sales Amount. The MDX to return the top ten products with the highest Internet Sales Amount is very simple. We will use the TopCount function, which accepts three arguments. The first argument is the dimension attribute we wish to return. The second argument is how many members will be returned in the set, and the last argument is the measure we would like to use to rank the members returned. If I wanted to create a named set to return the Bottom 10 Products with the lowest Internet Sales Amount, I could write the same expression seen below except in place of the TopCount function I would use the BottomCount function. When we create our named set, we can specify it as a Dynamic Named Set or a Static Named Set. A Dynamic Named Set respects the context of the subcube and the where clause and is evaluated at the time the query is executed. A Static Named Set is evaluated at the time the cube is processed and will not respect any subcube context and slicers in your where clause. Here is the calculation script for the named set: CREATE DYNAMIC SET CURRENTCUBE.[Top 10 Products] [Measures].[Internet Sales Amount] The next time we process our cube, our named set will be available for use in our calculations and reports. To use our named set in an MDX query, all I have to do is use the Named Set’s alias, [Top 10 Products]. Named Sets are powerful and very useful, but they can sometimes take a long time to write, especially if the expression is complex or if you are new to MDX. That’s where BI xpress steps in. BI xPress is a powerful tool used to speed up and augment SSAS and SSIS development. BI xPress also recently won the Gold Editors Choice Award from SQL Server Magazine. To open the BI xPress Calculation Builder, open your SSAS project in BIDS, navigate to the Calculations tab and click the BI xPress Calculation Builder icon. This will open the MDX Calculation Builder Wizard. Select the calculation or named set you would like to build. Scroll to the bottom to find the Sets templates. I’m selecting the Top 10 Count template. The first step is to select the attribute that you would like returned by the set. As before, I’m selecting the Product attribute of the Product dimension. Then select the measure that you want to use to rank the selected attribute. I’m selecting the Internet Sales Amount measure. After I click next and give my calculation a name, the named set has been added to my calculation script in my cube. To download the free trial of BI xPress, head over to PragmaticWorks.com and check out BI xPress. You won’t regret it after you see how much time it will save you with your SSAS and SSIS development.
The symptoms of COVID-19 or the coronavirus disease may vary widely. While some people remain asymptomatic, others fall sick to the extent that they need professional care at hospitals, and some even need mechanical help to allow their lungs to breathe. Older persons and people with other serious chronic health issues (like lung or heart conditions, obesity, diabetes, or a weak immunity) are more at risk of developing dangerous symptoms. Each of these factors affects how severely the SARS Coronavirus affects a patient: Irrespective of your age, you can get infected with COVID-19, but typically it affects older adults and the middle-aged, and the risk of developing severe symptoms grows as age increases. Those aged eighty-five or above are the most vulnerable and have the highest chance of developing grave symptoms. You must remember to take all prescribed medication timely and develop a care plan that provides detailed information about medical conditions, prescribed medication, and care providers' names and contacts in an emergency. Since germs spread quickly among people close to each other, it is necessary to follow all guidelines and safety protocols to prevent infection. Residents of nursing homes are at a higher risk as they already have multiple prevailing health conditions in addition to advanced age. Often older people also have a chance of suffering from Alzheimer's disease, making it more challenging to keep in mind the precautions necessary to prevent infection. Such people need special care. According to a recent poll by MyBioSource, around 13% of Georgia's people support Covid measures. COVID-19 infection targets the lungs; a patient already suffering from chronic lung problems (including obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, and pulmonary hypertension) is more likely to develop aggravated symptoms. Although some medications prescribed for these conditions may weaken a person's immunity, it is of utmost importance to continue taking the medicines to control the symptoms as much as possible. It is wise to keep an emergency prescribed medication in hand, for example, an asthma inhaler. Asthma patients must avoid attack triggers like pollen, tobacco, dust mites, cold air, or smoke. Each of these affects individual people differently. Stress, intense emotions, or certain odors might also act as asthma attack triggers in some patients. Smoking and vaping, in addition to being asthma triggers, also harm the lungs and hinder the immune system, further increasing the peril of serious COVID complications. Heart diseases like cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, congenital heart disease, or heart failure make COVID-19 cases more complicated. Doctors advise such patients to continue ongoing medication as prescribed. It is critical to reducing high blood pressure, as increased risks are associated with it. Brain and neurological conditions Some health conditions like stroke or dementia that affect the nervous system increase the possibility of severe COVID-19 symptoms. Obesity and diabetes Both obesity and diabetes hinder the efficacy of the immune system. A high body mass index or obesity increases the risk of developing severe COVID-19 symptoms. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes also increase this risk. Generally speaking, diabetes increases the risk of most infections. These risks must be minimal by controlling blood sugar levels and continuing prescribed medication and insulin dosages. Certain blood disorders and cancer Cancer patients have a high risk of getting severely infected; however, this risk varies depending upon the kind of treatment one is going through and the type of cancer. Other conditions of the blood, including sickle cell anemia and thalassemia, also lead to the severity of infection of COVID-19. These disorders inhibit the efficiency of red blood cells from carrying oxygen around the body. A weak immune system A healthy and active immune system efficiently fights disease-causing germs. But some treatments and conditions like organ transplants, bone marrow transplants, cancer treatment, HIV/AIDS, and long-term use of certain drugs weaken the immune system. Those with weakened immune systems must be cautious to avoid catching the COVID-19-causing coronavirus. Kidney and liver diseases Chronic kidney or liver diseases also weaken a person's immunity. Mental health issues People suffering from depression or schizophrenia spectrum disorders are also very likely to develop severe COVID-19 symptoms. Since people with Down Syndrome quickly develop lung infections, they are notably more at risk for COVID 19. Also, Down Syndrome patients are more vulnerable to developing health problems linked to COVID-19 severe symptoms, including heart diseases, diabetes, obesity, and sleep apnea. Many Down Syndrome adults also reside in nursing homes where exposure to germs is almost inevitable as it is intellectually tricky for these people to follow preventive safety measures. Steps to take to prevent the risk of getting infected Everyone must take specific steps to lessen the chance of getting infected and reduce the risk of spreading it to others. First and foremost, wearing a mask and avoiding close contact with any sick person is of utmost importance. A COVID-19 vaccine can decrease the instances of getting and spreading the infection. Frequent washing of hands, covering nose and mouth when sneezing, avoiding touching eyes, nose, and mouth, and routine disinfection of high-touch surfaces are some everyday precautions you can never miss.
Rubus corchorifolius seeds mature in June.山莓 shan mei. Sunny slopes, stream sides, montane valleys, thickets, waste places; 200--2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu (except NE), Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shandong, Shanxi, S Shaanxi (Qin Ling), Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Xizang [Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Vietnam]. The fresh fruit are used for making jam, drinks, and wine. The fruit, seeds, and roots are used in medicine. The stems and roots are a source of tannin. A form with semidouble or double flowers has been named Rubus corchorifolius f. semiplenus Z. X. Yu. It occurs in Jiangxi and grows on thickets on slopes of hills at about 50 m in elevation. Rubus corchorifolius seeds - Shrubs erect, 1–3 m tall. Branchlets brownish or dark brown to blackish brown, cylindric, prickly, finely hairy, glabrescent. Leaves simple; petiole 1–2 cm, with dense fine, soft hairs when young, with sparse, minute prickles; stipules linear-lanceolate or linear, 5–7 mm, soft hairy; blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 5–12 × 2.5–5 cm, abaxially somewhat dark, densely finely pubescent when young, gradually glabrescent, subglabrescent, with sparse, small prickles along midvein, adaxially pale, finely pubescent along veins, base somewhat cordate, sometimes subtruncate or subrounded, margin undivided or 3-lobed, usually 3-divided on sterile branches, irregularly sharply serrate to doubly serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 1-flowered or few flowers terminal on short lateral branchlets. Pedicel (0.6–) 1–2 cm, finely pubescent. Flowers 1.5–2(–3) cm in diam. Calyx abaxially densely finely pubescent, unarmed; sepals ovate or triangular-ovate, 5–8 × 2.5–4 mm, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Petals white or pinkish, oblong or elliptic, 0.9–1.2 cm × 6–8 mm, longer than sepals, glabrous, base clawed, apex obtuse. Stamens much shorter than petals; filaments short, complanate. Pistils many, slightly shorter than stamens; ovary pubescent. Aggregate fruit of many drupelets, red, subglobose or ovoid-globose, 1–1.2 cm in diam., densely finely pubescent; pyrenes rugose. Fl. Feb–Apr, fr. Apr–Jun. 2n = 14.
1 - see CPAN, modularization is easy 'nuff said. 2 - Logic. Just understand basic logic. No one can break logical code unless they invent a square circle. 3 - Don't drop the the lowest common programmer. Just keep it relatively simple and you'll be find (common sense stuff, break complex operations into multiple lines, etc) 4 - Program for yourself and you won't need to worry about this. Posts are HTML formatted. Put <p> </p> tags around your paragraphs. Put <code> </code> tags around your code and data! Titles consisting of a single word are discouraged, and in most cases are disallowed outright. Read Where should I post X? if you're not absolutely sure you're posting in the right place. Please read these before you post! — Posts may use any of the Perl Monks Approved HTML tags: You may need to use entities for some characters, as follows. (Exception: Within code tags, you can put the characters literally.) - a, abbr, b, big, blockquote, br, caption, center, col, colgroup, dd, del, div, dl, dt, em, font, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, hr, i, ins, li, ol, p, pre, readmore, small, span, spoiler, strike, strong, sub, sup, table, tbody, td, tfoot, th, thead, tr, tt, u, ul, wbr Link using PerlMonks shortcuts! What shortcuts can I use for linking? See Writeup Formatting Tips and other pages linked from there for more info. \| & \|\| & \| \| < \|\| < \| \| > \|\| > \| \| [ \|\| [ \| \| ] \|\| ] \|\|
What are Similarities between Gravity and Magnetism What are the similarities between gravity and magnetism? Similarities between Gravity and Magnetism 1. Geophysical exploration techniques that employ both gravity and magnetic are passive. By this, we simply mean that when using these two methods we measure a naturally occurring field of the earth. 2. To understand magnetic and gravitational forces, we can use identical physical and mathematical representations 3. The acquisition, reduction, and interpretation. 4. Vary from place to place. 5. Both are Vector fields. 6. Both fields are force fields. 7. Drift correction is applicable in both methods. 8. Both fields exert force with a speed equal to the speed of light. 9. The gravity and magnetic methods are often referred to as potential methods. Furthermore, the gravitational and magnetic fields that we measure are referred to as potential fields. Similarity between Gravity and Magnetism Similarities between Magnetism and Gravity Similarity between Magnetism and Gravity
Japan is known for its rich cultural heritage and intricate craftsmanship. One of the most iconic symbols of Japanese culture is the traditional hand fan, also known as “sensu”. These fans are not only functional, providing relief from the summer heat, but also beautiful works of art. In this article, we will guide you through the process of creating your own traditional Japanese fan. Choosing the Right Materials The first step in creating your own traditional Japanese fan is to gather the necessary materials. You will need a bamboo stick, Japanese washi paper, glue, and a fabric ribbon or string. The bamboo stick will serve as the fan’s handle, while the washi paper will be used to create the fan’s leaf. Preparing the Bamboo Stick To prepare the bamboo stick, you will need to cut it to the desired length. The length of the stick will determine the size of your fan. Once you have cut the bamboo stick to the desired length, you can sand it down to smooth any rough edges. Creating the Fan’s Leaf To create the fan’s leaf, start by cutting the washi paper into a rectangular shape. The size of the rectangle should be slightly larger than the desired size of your fan. Next, fold the paper in an accordion-like pattern, with each fold being approximately one centimeter wide. Make sure to crease each fold firmly to hold its shape. Attaching the Leaf to the Bamboo Stick To attach the leaf to the bamboo stick, apply a thin layer of glue along one edge of the accordion-folded paper. Then, carefully place the bamboo stick along the glued edge of the paper, making sure it is centered. Press firmly to secure the stick in place. Allow the glue to dry completely before proceeding to the next step. Decorating Your Fan Now comes the fun part – decorating your fan! You can use various techniques to add your personal touch to the fan. One popular method is to paint traditional Japanese motifs, such as cherry blossoms or traditional patterns, onto the washi paper. Alternatively, you can use colored markers or pens to create your own unique design. To complete your traditional Japanese fan, you can add a fabric ribbon or string to the end of the bamboo stick. This will not only add a decorative element but also make it easier to hold and use the fan. You can choose a ribbon or string that matches your design or opt for a contrasting color for added visual interest. Enjoying Your Creation Now that you have created your own traditional Japanese fan, it’s time to enjoy the fruits of your labor. Whether you use it to cool yourself on a hot summer day or display it as a decorative piece, your handmade fan is sure to be a conversation starter. Remember to take pride in the fact that you have created a piece of Japanese culture with your own hands. In conclusion, creating your own traditional Japanese fan is a rewarding and enjoyable craft project. By following these simple steps and letting your creativity shine, you can create a beautiful and functional fan that is a reflection of your own personal style. So go ahead, gather your materials, and start crafting your very own traditional Japanese fan today!
Zach Whitener, a research associate at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute, holds a cod while collecting samples for later study. \| Gulf of Maine Research Institute Rapid warming in the Gulf of Maine explains why New England's cod stocks are on the verge of collapse despite cuts to fishing, according to a study published online in the 29 October issue of Science. Over the last decade, "the Gulf of Maine experienced a rate of warming that few large marine ecosystems have ever encountered," said lead author Andrew Pershing, chief scientific officer at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute (GMRI) in Portland. "The rapid changes outpaced our ability to recognize and react to what was happening in the water." Because models used to set the quotas for cod over the last decade did not always account for the impact of rising temperatures on cod survival, the new study concludes, the number of new fish available in a given season was often overestimated. For centuries, Atlantic cod were pillars of New England's fisheries, carefully managed by programs designed to reduce harvesting levels in response to periods when the numbers of cod old enough to spawn were greatly diminished. In 2010, when cod stocks were already low, fisheries managers placed a series of restrictions on harvesting this species — but even strict quota limits on fishermen failed to help cod rebound. Pershing and his colleagues wanted to understand if ocean warming was contributing to cod decline, just as it had for other species in the Gulf of Maine, like the American lobster. First, they used sea surface temperature data dating back to 1982 to characterize temperature trends in the Gulf of Maine. Comparing changes in the region with global trends, they found that the ocean in the Gulf of Maine has warmed very rapidly — indeed, 99% faster than anywhere else on the planet between 2004 and 2013 — in part due to changes in the position of the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream is a warm Atlantic ocean current that originates at the tip of Florida and follows the eastern coastline of the United States. Recent shifts in its position have brought smaller amounts of cold water to the Gulf of Maine. Next, the team analyzed Gulf of Maine cod population estimates, finding that the recent warming has clearly impacted the species. "Our analysis suggests that in warm years, each female cod produces fewer fish that survive to one year and that these young fish are less likely to reach adulthood," Pershing said. The ocean in the Gulf of Maine has warmed very rapidly — indeed, 99% faster than anywhere else on the planet between 2004 and 2013. "Managers tried to set fishing quotas at levels they expected to be sustainable given the information scientists could provide about the condition of the stock," said co-author Katherine Mills, an associate research scientist at GMRI, "but as new information came in about the stock, it became apparent it was not performing at expected levels, meaning that the previous quotas had actually been too high." Mills, Pershing, and their colleagues used their data to project the rebuilding potential of the Atlantic cod stock under three future temperature scenarios: a hot scenario reflecting warming at 0.07 degrees Celsius per year (the rate observed in the summer in the Gulf of Maine since 1982), a warm scenario reflecting warming at a rate of 0.03 degrees Celsius per year, and a cool scenario reflecting warming at 0.02 degrees Celsius annually. "We project that under a modest amount of warming, it will take this population 11 years to rebuild to a sustainable level," Pershing said. He emphasized that the rate of rebuilding depends on both favorable temperatures and more adaptive, responsive management by fisheries. "The relationships between temperature and cod recruitment…have never been brought into the models that support management of the species," Mills said. "The Gulf of Maine cod case is a wake-up call that we need to bridge the [chasm] that currently exists between oceanography, fisheries ecology, and stock assessment science." Mills, Pershing and co-author Janet Nye, a quantitative fisheries ecologist at the School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at Stony Brook University in New York, highlighted their research on 29 October, at a press briefing that was part of a daylong symposium on climate-change science. Reporters from the Associated Press, The New York Times, The Boston Globe, and other outlets were in attendance for the briefing, or tuned in via a live webcast. The climate-change science symposium commemorates the 50th anniversary of the first official climate-change warning to a U.S. President (Lyndon B. Johnson). Organized by AAAS and Carnegie Science, the event was held at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C. A free webstream of the event is available at http://www.aaas.org/climate50
— internet super-server should be run at boot time by ). It then listens for connections on certain internet sockets. When a connection is found on one of its sockets, it decides what service the socket corresponds to, and invokes a program to service the request. After the program is finished, it continues to listen on the socket (except in some cases which will be described below). allows running one daemon to invoke several others, reducing load on the system. The options are as follows: - Turns on debugging. - Specify the maximum number of times a service can be invoked in one minute; the default is 256. If a service exceeds this limit, inetd will log the problem and stop servicing requests for the specific service for ten minutes. See also the wait/nowait configuration fields below. Upon execution, inetd reads its configuration information from a configuration file which, by default, is . There must be an entry for each field of the configuration file, with entries for each field separated by a tab or a space. Comments are denoted by a “#” at the beginning of a line. The fields of the configuration file are as follows: user[.group] or user[:group] server program arguments To specify a Sun-RPC based service, the entry would contain these fields. user[.group] or user[:group] server program arguments For internet services, the first field of the line may also have a host address specifier prefixed to it, separated from the service name by a colon. If this is done, the string before the colon in the first field indicates what local should use when listening for that service. Multiple local addresses can be specified on the same line, separated by commas. Numeric IP addresses in dotted-quad notation can be used as well as symbolic hostnames. Symbolic hostnames are looked up using (). If a hostname has multiple address mappings, inetd creates a socket to listen on each address. The single character “*” indicates , meaning “all local addresses”. To avoid repeating an address that occurs frequently, a line with a host address specifier and colon, but no further fields, causes the host address specifier to be remembered and used for all further lines with no explicit host specifier (until another such line or the end of the file). A line is implicitly provided at the top of the file; thus, traditional configuration files (which have no host address specifiers) will be interpreted in the traditional manner, with all services listened for on all local addresses. If the protocol is “unix”, this value is ignored. The service name entry is the name of a valid service in the file /etc/services “internal” services (discussed below), the service name be the official name of the service (that is, the first entry in /etc/services ). When used to specify a Sun-RPC based service, this field is a valid RPC service name in the file /etc/rpc . The part on the right of the “/” is the RPC version number. This can simply be a single numeric argument or a range of versions. A range is bounded by the low version to the high version - “rusers/1-3”. For -domain sockets this field specifies the path name of the socket. The socket type should be one of “stream”, “dgram”, “raw”, “rdm”, or “seqpacket”, depending on whether the socket is a stream, datagram, raw, reliably delivered message, or sequenced must be a valid protocol as given in . Examples might be “tcp” or “udp”. RPC based services are specified with the “rpc/tcp” or “rpc/udp” service type. “tcp” and “udp” will be recognized as “TCP or UDP over default IP version”. This is currently IPv4, but in the future it will be IPv6. If you need to specify IPv4 or IPv6 explicitly, use something like “tcp4” or “udp6”. A of “unix” is used to specify a socket in the UNIX entry is used to tell if it should wait for the server program to return, or continue processing connections on the socket. If a datagram server connects to its peer, freeing the socket so inetd can receive further messages on the socket, it is said to be a “multi-threaded” server, and should use the “nowait” entry. For datagram servers which process all incoming datagrams on a socket and eventually time out, the server is said to be “single-threaded” and should use a “wait” entry. are both examples of the latter type of datagram server. The optional “max” suffix (separated from “wait” or “nowait” by a dot) specifies the maximum number of times a service can be invoked in one minute; the default is 256. If a service exceeds this limit, will log the problem and stop servicing requests for the specific service for ten minutes. See also the Stream servers are usually marked as “nowait” but if a single server process is to handle multiple connections, it may be marked as “wait”. The master socket will then be passed as fd 0 to the server, which will then need to accept the incoming connection. The server should eventually time out and exit when no more connections are active. will continue to listen on the master socket for connections, so the server should not close it when it exits. entry should contain the user name of the user as whom the server should run. This allows for servers to be given less permission than root. An optional group name can be specified by appending a dot to the user name followed by the group name. This allows for servers to run with a different (primary) group ID than specified in the password file. If a group is specified and user is not root, the supplementary groups associated with that user will still be set. The server program entry should contain the pathname of the program which is to be executed by when a request is found on its socket. If provides this service internally, this entry should be “internal”. The server program arguments should be just as arguments normally are, starting with argv, which is the name of the program. If the service is provided internally, the word “internal” should take the place of this entry. provides several “trivial” services internally by use of routines within itself. These services are “echo”, “discard”, “chargen” (character generator), “daytime” (human readable time), and “time” (machine readable time, in the form of the number of seconds since midnight, January 1, 1900). All of these services are TCP based. For details of these services, consult the appropriate RFC from the Network rereads its configuration file when it receives a hangup signal, may be added, deleted or modified when the configuration file is reread. If you wish to run a server for IPv4 and IPv6 traffic, you'll need to run two separate processes for the same server program, specified as two separate lines in inetd.conf , for “tcp4” and Under various combinations of IPv4/v6 daemon settings, will behave as follows: - If you have only one server on “tcp4”, IPv4 traffic will be routed to the server. IPv6 traffic will not be - If you have two servers on “tcp4” and “tcp6”, IPv4 traffic will be routed to the server on “tcp4”, and IPv6 traffic will go to server on - If you have only one server on “tcp6”, only IPv6 traffic will be routed to the server. command appeared in . Support for Sun-RPC based services is modelled after that provided by SunOS 4.1. IPv6 support was added by the KAME project Host address specifiers, while they make conceptual sense for RPC services, do not work entirely correctly. This is largely because the portmapper interface does not provide a way to register different ports for the same service on different local addresses. Provided you never have more than one entry for a given RPC service, everything should work correctly. (Note that default host address specifiers do apply to RPC lines with no explicit specifier.)
What is College Readiness? College readiness is the ability for students to demonstrate the knowledge and skills required to successfully complete basic freshman level college courses. Graduating high school students must have a solid foundation of lifelong learning skills, defined by the College and Career Readiness and Success Center as “a group of cognitive, personal, and interpersonal skills that enable students to both acquire and act on knowledge.” College and career readiness has become a primary component of the national education agenda. Across the country, schools and districts define their success, in part, by equipping students with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in higher education, on the job and in life. High School Grad Requirements Do Not Assess College Readiness According to a recent report by the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, college-preparatory curriculum does not ensure that students develop the critical thinking skills associated with reading, writing, and math that are necessary for college-level learning. Graduation requirements including credit attainment, exit and end-of course exams often assess minimum mastery of math, science, English and composition, but don’t adequately assess readiness to succeed in rigorous college classrooms. Consequently, many students enter college unprepared for the rigorous Course requirements and need to spend time (and money) taking remedial classes. So then, how do high schools ensure that students graduate from high school college-ready? How Digital Curriculum Prepares Students for College Laying the groundwork for college readiness begins long before graduation. Digital curriculum has the capacity to utilize real-time data, provide prescriptive assessment that addresses—and remedies—learning gaps in the following ways: - Formative Assessment Guides Students. Periodic low-stakes assessments guide students through lessons, redirecting them when they take a wrong turn. - Real-time Data Informs Teachers. Teachers have quick, easy access to data they can use to group students and provide appropriate instructional intervention as a part of the learning process. Active Learning Leads to College Readiness Students learn material at varying rates and have different styles of learning that can’t be uniformly addressed by traditional classroom instruction. A more student-centric approach is needed, wherein the higher level learning skills needed to complete college freshman courses are mastered along with the subject matter. “Learn-by-doing” activities are proven to increase engagement and improve conceptual understanding through real-world examples and interactive instruction. The results: Students build a strong foundation for postsecondary success that can be demonstrated on college entrance exams and successful completion of college-level coursework. Promote College Readiness for Struggling Students Apex Learning College Readiness Tutorials go beyond just test prep for the ACT®, SAT®, ACCUPLACER® and TSI Assessment exams. Personalized instruction ensures each student—regardless of where they are on their individual learning path—develops powerful study skills and masters a deep understanding of the concepts necessary for college-level learning and beyond. Each Tutorial targets concepts covered by a specific college-readiness exam through instruction and ongoing progress reports aligned to that test. Tutorials provide individualized instruction designed for different learning styles and academic needs. Learn more about College Readiness Tutorials.
Food recalls will start giving consumers more information about the stores where certain products were sold, the Food and Drug Administration said Wednesday. The FDA said it plans to start giving out more information about retailers that received shipments of potentially contaminated foods — a move consumer groups have been clamoring for. Right now, the FDA sometimes names stores, but not always. That can be confusing for consumers. “The agency has not traditionally released lists of specific retailers where recalled foods may have been purchased. This is because certain supply chain information is confidential between the supplier and retailer,” FDA Commissioner Dr. Scott Gottlieb said in a statement. “Moreover, in most cases, information publicized by the recalling company is sufficient to allow consumers to identify and avoid recalled product,” he added. But it often is not, especially when the affected product does not have a name brand or label, the FDA said. “This might include deli cheese, nuts, rawhide chews, or pet treats sold in bulk and fresh fruits and vegetables sold individually," Gottlieb said. Some retailers consider the source of their supplies to be proprietary information, but the FDA is proposing a new policy under which it will more routinely name affected retailers. The FDA said it has already started naming retailers more often, for instance during an outbreak of salmonella that affected pre-cut melon contaminated with salmonella in June. Consumer groups welcomed the change. “This an important step that will provide information consumers need to protect themselves from harm,” the Center for Science in the Public Interest said on its website. “The U.S. Department of Agriculture has long made retailer names available for all recalls involving meat and poultry that pose a health hazard, but the FDA has traditionally resisted releasing this information in all but the rarest cases,” CSPI’s Sarah Sorscher said in the statement. The new guidance proposal is open for public comment. "Knowing where a recalled product was sold during the most dangerous food recalls can be the difference between a consumer going to the hospital or not," Gottlieb said. "While we can’t prevent every illness, we can make sure we provide information to consumers to prevent more people from becoming sick from a recalled or hazardous food product."
Up: Linux Software Encyclopedia Last checked or modified: Oct. 13, 1998 - A web server which implements the HTTP whose design goals are, in order, security, robustness, and flexibility. One objective is to provide the sort of functionality usually available only via CGI scripts without those scripts (although CGI/1.1 is still fully supported). The focus of WN is to serve HTML documents (e.g. enabling full text searching of single logical HTML documents which may exist as many separate files, allowing users to search all titles on the server and obtain a menu of matching items, or allowng users to download a total logical document which may exist as several separate files) in a manner that is wholly transparent to the user. A significant feature is conditionally served text wherein a server can serve different versions of a document to different clients based on the client domain name, IP address, browser type, etc. This is done by adding simple HTML comments to documents which indicate that they should be parsed by the server. The types of searches available with WN include title, keyword, title/keyword, user supplied field, context, file context and grep, list, and index searches, with all built-in to the server and Arbitrary filters can be assigned to any file to be served, a common use of which is on-the-fly decompression of files stored in compressed format. This feature allows a virtually unlimited number of things to be done since the filter is a program which simply reads the file and serves the program output rather than the file WN can serve ranges in plain text documents, which can be useful for documents like address lists or mail/news digests. A separate utility called digest can produce an HTML document with links to separate sections from a text document. It has extensive capabilities for wrappers, i.e. pre- or post-pending information to files being served. A source code distribution of WN is available. It is written in C and can be compiled and used on most UNIX flavors. A user's guide is included in the distribution. - A library of ANSI C subroutines for performing various tasks related to data structures, algorithms, numerical methods, linear programming, and nonlinear The capabilities include: - various matrix and vector handling routines; - fast Fourier transform routines; - a very good pseudo-random number generator and a routine to generate true random numbers; - routines for computing various distributions e.g. normal, Poisson, etc.; - unconstrained nonlinear optimization routines using conjugate gradient and conjugate direction algorithms; - constrained nonlinear optimization routines based on conjugate gradients with penalties; - the simplex method for linear programming including anti-cycling and various numerical stability hacks; - the transportation/assignment problem; - a general simulated annealing routine; - an improved memory allocator and debugger; and - assorted functions including linked lists, a balanced binary tree, a hash table, sorting for lists and arrays, etc. A source code distribution of WNLIB is available. It is of course written in C and can be compiled on many machines with a broad range of compilers. The routines are documented in a set of man pages. - The Web Oriented DAtabase is a system written in Perl which makes it easy to create a flat multimedia database which can then be maintained, added to, modified, and queried via the WWW. The features of WODA include: - extensive data definition structures which allow the definition of the whole system without programming; - support for several field types; - best-match searching which performs a full text search and provides - expression search which allows searching for any value in any field; - use of browser cookie feature to display only fields which have changed since the last access by the user; - internationalization support via the use of non-English character sets and the definition of collate sequences for correct sorting; - possible password protection for each record; - possible user-based portection of operations and data based on - an agent which can perform database searches periodically and send the results via e-mail; - web-based database administration; - sending of serial e-mail based on the data in the database; and - exporting/importing data from Windows applications such as Excell or WODA is written in Perl and can be used on any system which supports that program. The documentation is thus far (5/97) fairly sketchy. - Wolfpack Boot Manager - A boot manager whose features include: A source code distribution is available. - recognizes FreeBSD partitions; - high resolution graphics; - virus protection; - boots up to 12 operating systems on a single computer; - can be installed on any floopy disk or the first hard drive; - boots from all hard drives accessible via BIOS; - recognizes Linux, BSD and DOS partitions; and - boots from unknown partitions. - word processors - Programs that allow you to create documents in a WYSIWYG (or at least quasi-WYSIWYG way). Those available for Linux include: See also typesetting and text markup, related concepts. - A program for converting microshaft Word documents to text documents without using microshaft software. The output formats are plain text, LaTeX and HTML. Word2x words by first converting the Word document into an intermediary format and then converting that to the target format. A source code distribution is available which has been successfully installed on several platforms including Linux. - A program for playing audio CDs on CD-ROM drives. It has most of the features available on standalone CD players such as shuffle mode, programmable playlists, and elapsed/remaining timers along with additional features such as the ability to store information about CDs in a database and automatically extracting it when the CD is later inserted. It can store the artist's name, the disc title, the names of individual tracks, and even keeps track of the tracks you don't want to hear. A freely available database containing information about over 1300 CDs is separately available. A source code distribution of WorkMan is available which can be compiled on many UNIX flavors including Linux. It requires XView 3.0 or higher It is documented in a man page. - A web server application that provides you with a web-based organizer and messenger. The features include: An open source distribution is This is built on top of the Zope system. - an IMAP-based mail client for use with the Cyrus IMAP server; - a contact and address book; - notes and todos; - a calendar with support for repeating events; and - workgroup sharing with broadcasting and subscriptions. - The Web PreProcessor is a Perl 5 script that permits the of HTML files. With WPP you can define variables, i.e. brief abbreviations for longer constructs, and include common HTML fragments. This can be useful for maintaining a uniform layout over a set of - An interpreter for a Prolog-like language which is implemented in Java. It is portable and can be run as an applet under Java-capable web browsers. The distribution contains the source code, all the class files, and documentation in HTML format. - A program for converting WordPerfect 4.x, 5.x and 6.x document files into LaTeX files. The WP 5.x elements converted by this program include advances, comments, contents (mark to and tables of), cross-references, endnotes, equations, extended characters, flush-right and -left text, footnotes, justifications, hard page breaks and returns, headers and footers, indenting, indexes, labels, outling, overstriking, page number positioning, tabs, tables, table and text boxes, and a range of typefaces. The set of WP 6.x elements converted is a bit smaller. The package includes the source code of the converter (written in Turbo Pascal) as well as a Linux binary. - A class library system based on the Microshaft Foundation Classes (MFC). WPY enables GUI code to be easily written using Python. WPY programs will run on UNIX platforms using Tk and also on Windows 3.1 (16-bit native) and Windows NT and 95 - World Wide Web Consortium - See W3C. - A text reformatter with more options than the UNIX fmt command. - A virtual, persistent, write-once object storage and programming enviroment in which a small kernel serves forge-proofed data, metadata, and dynamic views (i.e. object invocation). - A full-featured web browser written entirely in Emacs Lisp The features include: - asynchronous downloads that allow multiple operations; - all font and formatting control is done via a default stylesheet which can be overridden; - multiple language support via MULE or XEmacs; - integration with the Gnus newsreader; - integration with Emacspeak; - a preferences panel for easy customization; - identification and display of several image formats; - support for client-side image maps; - support for scripting via ELisp; - SSL support via SSLeay; and - support for forms as per RFC 1867. W3 is very portable and will run on every platform on which Emacs will run. It requires Emacs 19.34 or greater or XEmacs 19.14 or greater. A user's guide is included in the usual GNU formats. - The World Wide Web Consortium was founded in 1994 to develop common standards for the evolution of the World Wide Web. It is an international industry consortium in the U.S., in Europe, and Japan. The consortium is funded by commercial members but vendor neutral, i.e. specifications and reference software is made freely available throughout the world. - W3C httpd - A generic public domain full-featured hypertext server which can be used as a regular HTTP server. It can be used to server hypertext and other documents and also as a proxy - a server on a firewall machine - that provides access for people inside a firewall to the outside world. This is supposed to compile and run on Linux platforms with no difficulties. A guide to installing this can be found in the May 1995 issue of the Linux Journal. - W3C Line Mode Browser - A character-based Web browser developed for use on terminals. It was developed using the W3C Reference Library as an example of a client application and as a test tool for quick access to the Web from scripts, cron jobs, etc. It can be run in interactive mode, non-interactive mode, as a proxy client, and gives a variety of possibilities for data format conversion, filtering, etc. Unlike Lynx, another line mode browser, this was primarily intended as a test tool. This has been compiled with no problems on Linux platforms. - W3C Reference Library - A general purpose code base written in C that can be used as a basic tool for writing single- and multi-threaded Web clients, servers, proxies, etc. It contains reference code for accessing HTTP, FTP, Gopher, News, WAIS, Telnet servers, and the local file system and functionality to handle data objects rendered in various media types. The Arena browser was built using this library. This library is supposed to compile on Linux boxes with no problems. - An object-oriented toolkit for building interactive WWW applications. It provides both the developer and the user with the familiar metaphor of an event-driven GUI, but in the novel distributed setting of the Web. To both server and client, the application appears to consist of interface widgets which respond to events and send messages to other widgets and objects. System requirements include a CGI compliant http server, an ANSI C compiler with Objective C (GCC will do nicely), and the compilation and installation of three libraries available at the site. As such it looks like it'll work on Linux boxes. A nifty application created using W3Kit is the document generator which supports 3D images - A text-based Web browser similar to Lynx. Additional features not found in the latter include: - rendering of tables; - rendering of frames (by conversion into tables); and - display of documents given from standard input. - A general purpose HTTP copying and mirroring tool. The main purpose of w2mir is to create and maintain a browsable copy of one or more remote WWW sites. It can retrieve the contents of several related sites and leave the mirror browsable via a local web server or even from a filesystem such as directly from a CD-ROM. The goal of this package is to be able to make useful mirrors of any reasonable WWW site, and as such it specifically preserves link integrity within the mirrored documents as well as the integrity of links outside the mirror, even following redirects if needed. A powerful multiscope mechanism is available which enables the making of mirrors of several related sites and having links between them refer to the mirrored documents rather than the original site. It supports HTML4 and has partial support for CSS, Java, ActiveX, and PDF files. A source code distribution of w3mir is available. It is written in Perl, requiring at least version 5.002. It also requires libwww-perl. Documentation is included in the package. - A CGI script that implements a Usenet newsreader via HTML pages. It connects directly to NNTP servers which allows users to use either its own interface or a standard newsreader to access the The layout of the pages is configurable via template HTML pages and it is possible to restrict access to selected newsgroups. A source code distribution is available. - A package for gene and protein identification through sensitive, selective and rapid similarity searches of protein and nucleotide sequence databases. This is built on and has significant enhancements over the NCBI BLAST version 1.4. The principal new features of WU-BLAST 2.0 include: Precompiled executables are available for several platforms including It can be freely used only for academic and nonprofit purposes. - gapped alignments are reported by all programs in the suite with potentially multiple regions of similarity identified and reported for each database sequence; - sum statistics are used by all of the search programs to evaluate the combined significance of multiple regions of similarity; - the gapped alignment routines are integral to the database search and thus yield better sensitivity and selectivity while producing more easily interpreted alignments; - a full Smith-Waterman alignment is performed on pairs of sequences that are to be reported by the blastp program; - gapped searches run faster than the ungapped versions in BLAST 1.4; - virtual memory requirements are greatly reduced; and - parallel processing is supported on several platforms that support - A daemon for handling anonymous ftp. Its features include extensive logging, the ability to limit the number of users, easy configuration changing, extensible support for auto-tar, and more. The May 1995 issue of the Linux Journal has an article that describes this and shows how to install it. - A library for accessing Microsoft Word files that can load and parse the Word 2000, 97, 95 and 6 formats (and convert Word 2 documents to plain text). This library allows other programs to access Word documents for the purpose of converting them to other formats. The wv distribution also contains several useful applications built with the library including: Various ancillary programs are needed for some of the above, e.g. - wvWare, the uber-application used by the following helper - wvHtml, converts Word into HTML 4.0; - wvLatex, converts Word into LaTeX; - wvCleanLatex, converts into cleaner LaTeX, i.e. contains less visual markup; - wvDVI, converts Word into DVI; - wvPS, converts Word into PostScript; - wvPDF, converts Word into PDF; - wvText, converts Word into plain text; - wvAbw, converts Word into Abiword format; - wvWml, converts Word into WML; and - wvRtf, converts word into RTF. - The Working Version filesystem is a version It is designed to control the entire software content of deployed UNIX machines. It allows a prototype system to be customized and then used to build many other similar systems. - A threaded Web discussion forum and message board that allows users to post new messages, follow up on existing messages, and various A source code distribution of this set of Perl scripts is available. - A server package that allows navigating and searching the Internet via email using a browser and a MIME-aware email program. Email automatically gets passed to the email program when links to other web pages are selected. The features include: The Perl source code for this is freely - delivering most types of web documents; - parsing HTML; - preserving the original layout of the pages; - retrieving information from Gopher, FTP or Usenet servers; - support for web forms (i.e. GET and POST to conduct - replies as email attachments or in the body of the email; - support for handling metatags and frames; - user authentication for password protected sites; - support for dynamic web pages (with content variable by browser); - support for text-only access; - support for MIME as well as uuencode as an alternative; and - retrieving PostScript versions of HTML pages. - A Perl script that reads an HTML file and inserts HEIGHT and WIDTH directives into the inlined images used in the file. This causes your HTML to display much faster than without the The features of WWWis include: and much more. A source code distribution of the Perl script is available. - full configurability via system and user config files; - all options modifiable from the command line; - support for GIF, JPEG, XBM and PNG image formats; - skips symbolic links and directories; - creates backups of files to be changed; - supports relative and absolute path referencing; - can use an input filter script; - can use a proxy server to fetch external images; - The World Wide Web OFFLine Explorer is a set of programs that simplify browsing from computers that use intermittent (i.e. dial-up) connections to the Internet. While online it performs page caching and conditional fetching to get pages that have changed. Offline tasks performed include the ability to follow links and mark other pages for download, a browser or command-line interface to select pages for downloading, optional information on the bottom of pages showing the date cached, and working with pages that contain forms. WWWOFFLE handles automated downloading tasks including downloading of specified pages non-interactively, automatically fetching inlined images in pages fetched this way, and automatically following links of pages that have moved. WWWOFFLE provides several features including: It can be used with one or more external proxies based on the hostnames, can be configured to allow use on intranets while offline, can be configured to block or not cache URLs based on file type or host, can censor outgoing HTTP headers for user privacy, and has optional password control for management functions. - caching of web pages or FTP sites, - an introductory page with information and links to the - multiple indices of pages stored in the cache, - interactive or command line control of online/offline status, - user configurable purging of pages based on hostname, - an interactive or command line option to fetch pages and links item an interactive web page to allow editing. A source code distribution of WWWOFFLE is available as are RPM and Debian distribution versions. Its use is documented on the web site as well as in the - A CGI program for displaying information contained in PostgreSQL databases on Web pages. It works via a simple embedded scripting language with interprets commands embedded in special HTML tags which are evaluated when the page is loaded. A source code distribution is available in which a manual is included. - A Perl script that makes the production of HTML tables easier. It works as a filter, reading from stdin and writing to stdout, and even has some error messages written to stderr. - A discussion forum supporting multiple boards, user registration, built-in searching, forum archiving, automated email replies, and a complete web-based administration package. A source code distribution of this Perl package is available. - A C program that acts as a gateway between programs that create indexed catalogs and forms-capable Web browsers. It can be used in conjuction with either the Swish indexing tools. It allows users to search multiple databases via their Web browser with customizable options, the creation of custom pop-up menus of servers to search through, the production of hypertext search results with file information and links directly to the relevant documents, and more. WWWWais is written in ANSI C and should compile on just about any box with an appropriate compiler, e.g. it compiled on the first try using GCC on my Linux box. - A program to process a sequence of httpd access log files and output a log summary in HTML format suitable for publishing in your Web pages. It is written in Perl and as such should run on any system with Perl installed. There is a package called gwstat that creates graphs from wwwstat output files. - An X11 FTP client written using Motif and the - A toolkit for platform-independent GUI programming in C++. It consists of several class libraries and tools, and its uses include development of applications for delivery on several platforms as well as single-platform development. A simple object-oriented model of clients, servers, and connections is used which makes it easy to write programs which communicate It currently maps to four native APIs, i.e. and Windows NT and 95. It also supports a subset of Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) on both the PC and UNIX. It was designed with portability and simplicity of programming as the primary goals with some trade-offs in the area of completeness, i.e. the interfaces may not be as polished as some. There are programming interfaces to Scheme, XLisp and Several utilities are provided in the standard wxWindows distribution - wxBuilder, a simple interactive GUI builder for wxWindows applications which allows the quick construction of the skeleton of a GUI program; - wxToolBar, which implements a simple toolbar class for giving applications a more graphical and intuitive look and feel; - wxHelp, a standalone program for displaying hypertext help; - hyText, a hypertext library used by wxHelp to show text with mixed fonts and color and manipulate blocks of text; - wxCLIPS, which adds a library of GUI functions to the - PrologIO, a utility for loading and saving datafiles which supplies a number of classes for manipulating them as objects and whole databases of objects; - Tex2RTF, for converting LaTeX manuals to wxHelp, linear RTF, Windows Help RTF, and HTML formats; - wxTreeLayout, a class library for drawing trees; - wxGraphLayout, a class library which, given a directed graph, lays it out in a sensible manner; - wxImage, a collection of GIF, BMP, XBM bitmap loading and displaying routines; and - Colours, a color sampler for viewing colors and their names. It can be compiled and installed on generic UNIX platforms with XView 3.x or Motif 1.2.x and several C++ compilers, including GCC/G++, and has been installed on Linux platforms. It can also be installed on PC platforms using most of the C++ compilers available. Compilation and installation instructions and hints are available at the site for platforms for which binaries A set of manuals for the main library as well as the utilities is available in several forms, including PostScript. Third-party applications built using wxWindows include: - CODA, a package for nature conservation planning; - Gambit, a game theory package; - Macanova, a statistical application; - MrEd, an editor and Scheme development environment; - SANTIS, a time series analysis package; - Scriptum, a graphical programmer's editor; and - wxCLIPS, a GUI extension of the CLIPS expert shell system; - A version of wxWindows for - A Python front-end to the wxWindows portable GUI class library. This is the only Python GUI alternativae which supports both Motif and Win32. It uses the underlying C++ API of - A class library that extends the functionality of the wxWindows cross-platform GUI toolkit. The classes in the library include: A source code distribution is available. - wxHandyButton, a clickable icon/label button with some useful - wxNavigator, a simple navigation toolbar; - wxTextStretch, a movable and resizable version of wxTextCtrl; - wxTextField, a text entry field with an optional label or - wxTextFieldList, a list of editable text entry fields or a non-editable summary panel; - wxScrollManager, which automatically manages the scrolling of its children; and - wxSplash, which shows a splash screen on program startup. [ home / Up: Linux Software Encyclopedia
Asteroid Day is a global movement to protect Earth from asteroid impacts. 5 Days of Asteroid TV is streaming now! Tune in 12PM CEST (6AM ET, 9AM PST) on June 28 (tomorrow) to watch the 6-hour broadcast of Asteroid Day LIVE from Luxembourg. There are events all over the world. Go to this link to look up events. These events are at NASA and other space agency facilities, planetariums, museums, universities and much more. Nextbigfuture has covered Asteroid Day 2019 and the science and risks of asteroids. Asteroid Day was co-founded by astrophysicist and famed musician Dr. Brian May of the rock group QUEEN; Apollo 9 Astronaut Rusty Schweickart; Filmmaker Grig Richters; and B612 President Danica Remy, to promote awareness and provide knowledge to the general public about the importance of asteroids in the formation of our universe and the role they play in our solar system today. B612 Summarizes the Scope of the Asteroid Issue B612 is an organization that works towards protecting the Earth from asteroid impacts and informing and forwarding world-wide decision-making on planetary defense issues. Of the over 18,000 NEOs known today (June 2018), there are nearly 2,000 objects classified as potentially hazardous objects (PHOs). Global Asteroid Day Events in 2019 Events for Asteroid Day 2019 will take place on all five continents and are in the process of being organized by local organizations, and include: In Europe: Luxembourg’s Ministry of Education, SpaceResources.lu and National Museum of Natural History are organizing events throughout the country. The Natural History Museum Vienna, Austria, will showcase the world’s largest meteorite collection. In Greece, the new Hellenic Meteorite Museum is hosting a variety of events. In North America: Events will be held once again at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC, the Perot Museum of Nature and Science in Dallas, Texas, in addition to other science centers, universities and astronomy clubs throughout the US, Canada and Mexico. In South America: A group of astronomical backpackers called Mochileros Astronomicos, will hitchhike throughout the region to teach astronomy in schools, planetariums, and communities. Astronomical institutions across Brazil will discuss asteroids at events celebrating 100 years of the International Astronomical Union. Chile will have coordinated activities across the country. In Africa: Mozambique will host a special presentation about asteroids on National TV (TVM), in coordination with the International Astronomical Union (IAU), at a special session during the National Astronomical Society Meeting. Egypt’s Scientific Society of Astronomy and Space will hold an event called “Asteroids and Safety of The Earth” at the National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics in Cairo. In Asia: Kazakhstan Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute, in Almaty will host lectures and activities for students. Throughout Israel, events are being organized at the Givatayim Observatory, Netanya Planetarium and the Yarqa Space Center. Preview of 2019 ASTEROID DAY Events in Luxembourg 27 June: Technical Briefing with Asteroid Experts (by invitation) 28 June: Asteroid Day LIVE Global Broadcast-Webcast, produced at RTL Studios 29 June: Astronaut and Asteroid Expert meet and greet (public) 29 June: Gala Dinner in the unique Cercle Cité, Downtown Luxembourg (tickets on sale now) 30 June: Asteroid Day at the National Museum of Natural History: Guided tours of the Meteorite Collection and “Universe” Exhibition; Public Lecture “Asteroids… can we deal with the danger?”; Asteroid Workshop for Youth Although currently detected risks have been low we are not seeing most of the asteroids. As of April 2019, twenty thousand near earth asteroids have been found. We are finding them at a rate of 150 new discoveries every month and this number is set to rapidly increase. NASA’s Pan-STARRS and Catalina sky surveys have detected most of the known near earth asteroids. The European Space Agency will deploy new Flyeye and Test-Bed Telescopes. The Near Earth Object Survey TELescope (NEOSTEL aka “Flyeye”) is an astronomical survey and early-warning system for detecting near-Earth objects sized 40 meters and above a few weeks before they impact Earth. If we could track all asteroid threats down to 40 meters then we would be safe from impacts down to city level threats. NEOSTEL is an ESA funded project, starting with an initial prototype currently under construction at OHB in Milan. The telescope is of a new “fly-eye” design inspired by the wide field of vision from a fly’s eye. When complete it will have one of the widest fields of view of any telescope and be able to survey the majority of the visible sky in a single night. If the initial prototype is successful, three more telescopes are planned, in complementary positions around the globe close to the equator. In terms of light gathering power, the size of the primary mirror is not directly comparable to more conventional telescopes because of the novel design, but is equivalent to a conventional 1 meter telescope and should have a limiting magnitude of around 21. The project is part of the NEO Segment of ESA’s Space Situational Awareness Programme. The telescope itself should be complete by end of 2019, and installation on Mount Mufara, Sicily should be complete in 2020. NEOSTEL aka “Flyey Known Asteroid Risks This fall, Earth has about a 1-in-7,000 chance of getting hit by asteroid 2006 QV89. Compared to the 6-mile-long (10 kilometers) asteroid that killed the dinosaurs about 66 million years ago, 2006 QV89 is pretty dinky, measuring just 130 feet (40 meters) in diameter, or about the length of two bowling alleys placed end to end. NASA’s Earth impact monitoring system has detected an asteroid that has a chance of hitting Earth in October. The asteroid, named 2007 FT3, was detected by NASA’s Sentry, an automated system that specifically monitors near-Earth objects that are on potential impact courses with the planet. The asteroids listed by Sentry are those that could hit Earth within the next 100 years. The earliest possible impact event would occur on Oct. 3. 2019. 2007 FT3’s chances of hitting Earth in October is 1 out of 11 million. Starting in 2024, the asteroid is expected to have near-collisions with Earth on almost a yearly basis. According to NASA’s database, the asteroid has a diameter of 1,115 feet, making it significantly taller than the Eiffel Tower in France. The space agency predicted that it will enter Earth’s atmosphere with a velocity of 45,600 miles per hour. Given the asteroid’s size and speed, it will release a huge blast energy if it hits Earth. NASA noted that it will produce an energy equivalent to 2.7 million kilotons of TNT upon impact. This would be 100,000 times the force of the atomic bombs used in WW2. Brian Wang is a Futurist Thought Leader and a popular Science blogger with 1 million readers per month. His blog Nextbigfuture.com is ranked #1 Science News Blog. It covers many disruptive technology and trends including Space, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, Medicine, Anti-aging Biotechnology, and Nanotechnology. Known for identifying cutting edge technologies, he is currently a Co-Founder of a startup and fundraiser for high potential early-stage companies. He is the Head of Research for Allocations for deep technology investments and an Angel Investor at Space Angels. A frequent speaker at corporations, he has been a TEDx speaker, a Singularity University speaker and guest at numerous interviews for radio and podcasts. He is open to public speaking and advising engagements.
DescriptionFloral screens and hanging scrolls from Japan's Momoyama (1573–1615) and Edo (1615–1868) periods display rich colors and lush details. Our colorful notecards adapt four of these Museum treasures. 5 each of 4 images, 20 cards and 21 color-lined envelopes per box. 4'' x 5 1/4''. - 5 each of 4 images, 20 cards and 21 color-lined envelopes per box - 4'' x 5 1/4'' Art HistoryThe collection of Asian art at the Metropolitan Museum—more than 35,000 objects, spanning in date from the fourth millennium B.C. to the early twentieth century—is one of the biggest and is the most complete in the West. Each of the numerous civilizations of Asia is represented by exceptional works, serving as an unequaled experience of the artistic traditions of almost half the world.
I read somewhere online that the “high school cafeteria” scene in Spider-Man was real. Here is the scene: The claim is that Tobey actually caught all that food on the tray, he just had to keep doing it until it worked. But what does physics say about this? Let me start with some analysis using Tracker Video Analysis. First, I found something that seems like that same food tray. This is important because I need something to scale the video. The tray above has a length of 18 inches. I suppose that is some sort of standard for the cafeteria industry. So, here is what I get for the falling objects. Note that I don’t have much data for each one, just a couple of frames per object. Note: Left off the falling tray because it probably has a lot of air resistance. Normally, I would look at the vertical acceleration of these falling objects. If the vertical acceleration was around -9.8 m/s2, that would be an indication that this was something real. Clearly, I can’t do that with two position-time points. Really, the only thing I can do is to look at the average velocity. For these 4 objects, I get an average vertical velocity of: - -7.07 m/s - -7.80 m/s - -8.90 m/s - -6.04 m/s These are similar velocities, so I guess that is good. One thing I can look at: how high were these objects dropped from to have this final velocity? Let me calculate the height: Here I assumed the objects were dropped with an initial velocity of 0 m/s. If I use a velocity of 6.5 m/s, I get a height of 2.2 meters. Ok, that seems like it would be an ok height. Also, if someone was dropping these objects, then this would be high enough to not show up in the shot. If I know the final speed of the object, I can guess two things. I can estimate the time the object would be in the air and also the height of the thrown object. The key thing is to assume that the final and initial speeds are the same (v2 = -v1). Then I can write: If I assume that all the food objects were launched at the same time but with different speeds, I can estimate their speeds. So, if those are the times of flight for the food they don’t correspond to the final velocities of the food. Answering the questions Why do I have to beat around the bush? Can’t I just stop playing with physics and answer the following questions? Yes. Here are the questions and answers. Be sure to put these on flash cards because they will be on the test. - So, was the scene fake or real? I guess this could be in two parts. Did Tobey actually catch all of that stuff? There is nothing that I found to clearly indicate it was fake. But, I am fairly certain that someone up above was dropping the food and it wasn’t all thrown in the air. - How many times would Tobey have to try this to get it right? It probably wasn’t too bad or they wouldn’t have done it. Clearly you can repeat these things to get the desired effect. Just look at these crazy basketball shots. - But don’t you think they had some sticky stuff on the food to make the trick easier? Yes, probably. - Is Tobey McGuire actually Spider-Man? Probably. So, there you have it. That is the best I can do. One more note. There are some other cool physics questions in this same Spider-Man clip. Maybe there will be a second post.
Evergreen trees and shrubs of the species of Acacia of the Leguminosae family. The trees are widely distributed through India, Hawaii, and Australia. Several commercial products are produced by these trees. Gum arabic is produced from the sap and pods of Acacia arabic and Acacia senegal. Kordofan gum comes from Acacia verek and is used in jellies, candies, and other food products. Cutch is a brown or black dye obtained from Acacia catechu. Wattle bark produces a strongly astringent tannin from Acacia mimosa and Acacia mollisima trees. Strong, coarse bast fibers obtained from the Acacia leucophloea trees are used for ropes and nets. Some acacias are used for timber such as the Acacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood), Acacia formosa (sabicu), Acacia seyal (shittah tree), and the Acacia koa (koa). The strong, elastic, hardwood is used for furniture, walking sticks, and tool handles. Synonyms and Related Terms Acacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood); Borneo cutch; Acacia arabic; Acacia senegal; Acacia verek; Acacia catechu; Acacia mimosa; Acacia mollisima; Acacia leucophloea; Acacia koa; Acacia formosa (sabicu); Acacia seyal (shittim wood); Akacie (Dan.); Akazien (Deut.); acacia (Esp., Fr., It.. Ned.); Akacja (Pol.); acácia (Port.) Physical and Chemical Properties Paper fiber type: hardwood. Using transmitted light microscopy, pulp is idenfied by small vessel elements with profuse alternate pitting that appears in horizontal rows. Perferations are simple . Appearance with Graff "C" stain: dark blue, varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: length, 0.8mm. 14μm wide. Common pulping method: kraft. Resources and Citations - F. H. Titmuss, Commercial Timbers of the World, The Technical Press Ltd., London, 1965 - G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 462 - Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 - The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 - Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 - Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles, Phyllis G.Tortora, Robert S. Merkel (eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York City, 7th edition, 1996 - Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacia (Dec. 30, 2005) - Marja-Sisko Ilvessalo-Pfäffli. Fiber Atlas: Identification of Papermaking Fibers (Springer Series in Wood Science). Springer, 1995. - Walter Rantanen. "Fiber ID Course." Integrated Paper Services. June 2013. Lecture.
Ventilation improvement testing in the métro system Aeraulic testing may be performed on several mechanical ventilation stations. The tests involve measuring the air displacement rate during the application of various emergency ventilation scenarios. When and where will the next tests take place? The next tests will occur during the night of June 7 to 8 between the following stations: Angrignon et Monk Jolicoeur et Verdun Verdun et De l'Église Lionel-Groulx et Atwater Lionel-Groulx et Place-Saint-Henri Georges-Vanier et Lionel-Groulx Lucien-L'Allier et Georges-Vanier Questions and answers You might hear a low humming noise, if your home is located near one of the ventilation stations. For the tests to obtain conclusive results, the métro must not be operating at the same time, as the movement of the trains would displace the air and distort the data. Mechanical ventilation stations serve three essential purposes: Comfort ventilation: Regulates the ambient temperature for transit users by exchanging air between the métro system and outside. Night-time ventilation: Supplies fresh air for night workers carrying out routine maintenance. Emergency ventilation: In the event of an incident, allows for smoke control so that transit users can evacuate safely by the nearest métro station and emergency first responders can access the site with no obstructions.
by John McHale Rockwell Collins and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) conducted several flight tests of an unmanned F/A-18 subscale model air vehicle while increasing levels of damage on the aircraft. As part of the same DARPA effort Rockwell Collins also had an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fly aerobatics with position tracking. The results were discussed during a news briefing at AUVSI's Unmanned Systems North America 2010 exhibition in Denver. One of the flight tests involved ejecting 60 percent of the right wing, 30 percent of the right fin rudder, and 30 percent of the right stabilizer. Despite the damage, the UAV remained steady in-flight and was able to land. Another flight test demonstrated the ability for the aircraft to continue to fly a fixed trajectory and land safely after the engine was turned off. The last test involved blowing up about 80 percent of the UAV's right wing after which the aircraft landed safely, says David Vos senior director of Rockwell Collins Control Technologies and Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Once on the ground the aircraft was on the ground it still fought to maintain its equilibrium. The trajectory is stabilized in a fraction of second, enabling the UAV to stay on its mission -- which in this case is to fly a particular trajectory and land safely, Vos says. All flight tests included auto take off and landing. Vos says the next step will be to port the technology onto an operational UAV. He declined to say which UAV, only that the reporters in the room would recognize it. "This latest flight test campaign is an important step toward our ultimate goal of offering our damage tolerance control software to the UAV market," Vos says. "Our solution improves the survivability of UAVs in theater, while simultaneously improving the reliability of UAVs flying in civilian airspace. By detecting and instantly and automatically compensating for failure or damage in flight, UAVs and manned aircraft can soon achieve coexistence." Damage tolerance is an enabling capability for increasing the mission reliability of UAVs operating in hazardous and high-threat environments, according to Rockwell Collins. The technology provides for real-time autonomous accommodation of damage, followed by an adaptation process that alters the flight control system to compensate for the effects of the damage. Emergency management of UAVs is a big concern of the Federal Aviation Administration this test is a big step in improving the reliability of UAVs when somethign goes wrong during flight, Vos says. Vos says he believes that the damage tolerance technology for UAVs will be transferred into manned commercial aircraft one day. He says he has a dream that at some point planes will be pilot optional -- in other words if the pilot doesn't feel like flying he doesn't have to, the autonomous controls will handle everything -- including emergencies. "Before I'm in the ground I want to be able to get in the cockpit flying to see my mother-in-law, and decide that I don't feel like piloting, so I will read the paper instead and enjoy a cup of coffee." Other maneuvers demonstrating failure and immediate automatic recovery through damage tolerance controls that were conducted during flight tests include: locking the right aileron in neutral position in-line with the rest of the airplane, which caused an uncontrolled roll and an engine idle test where engine command is idle, which means there is no throttle up or down. During other flight tests DARPA and Rockwell Collins demonstrated the first UAV to fly aerobatics with position tracking. This demonstration is part of the third phase of a damage tolerance contract awarded to Rockwell Collins. Vos says the technology is now set to be ported to an operational UAV. He indicated that while others have flown aerobatics of autonomous UAVs, the most recent DARPA test was the first UAV to fly aerobatics with position tracking with a fixed aerobatic trajectory in space. "This all-attitude control technology supplies UAVs with damage tolerance and the ability to fight -- through evasive maneuvers -- and to counter threats such as missiles," Vos says. "This technology will also enable UAVs to fly at low altitude, in urban environments and even in confined places such as inside buildings and caves."
Black bears are one of Minnesota iconic species. They're the only bear species that inhabits the state today. Bears live in forests, swamps and other areas with dense cover but will wander into clearings to feed. They are found mainly in the northern third of Minnesota, but range as far south as the interface between the forest and agricultural zones, where they utilize corn and other crops for subsistence. DNR manages Minnesota's black bear population by providing quality bear habitat, conducting research to increase knowledge of bear biology, educating the public on how to live with bears, assisting people with bear problems and controlling the bear population with hunting seasons. On Sept. 23, 2014, the DNR issued a final decision regarding the bear research permit issued to Dr. Lynn Rogers. The decision was consistent with the agency’s original decision in July 2013 to not renew his permit and with the recommendations of an administrative law judge, who issued her findings last May. This decision means the agency will no longer provide a research permit to Dr. Rogers to collar bears or to place den cameras in bear dens. This decision also concludes a legal process stipulated by Ramsey County District Court Judge John H. Guthmann on July 29, 2013.
27th February 2011 In the Middle Ages, the Middle East was at the forefront of optics, metallurgy, and mathematics. Its largest cities, libraries, and marketplaces dwarfed those in Europe. Subsequently, over the next half millennium, the Middle East slipped behind Europe in many realms, including science and medicine, finance and business, and literacy and living standards. But just as Confucianism and Taoism could not explain China’s failures, Islam, often blamed for the Middle East’s shortcomings, raises more questions than it answers. If Islam’s supposedly retrograde system of beliefs explains the Middle East’s recent failures, what accounts for its earlier successes? Until the 1700s, the East and the West remained politically independent of each other, regardless of which side was ahead, and neither side enjoyed unchallenged military supremacy. The last reversal, moreover, had another unique trait: self-reinforcing growth. In both regions, the level of development had been constrained for millennia by the limitations of agrarian life. Since 1700, when world trade fell under European control, the West has developed at a dramatically accelerating rate. Today, its development, as measured by Morris, is over 20 times as high as its 1700 level. The East, with some lag, has also developed to unprecedented heights: Morris calculates its level of development to be about 13 times as high as its record level before 1700.
Yes it is true, Goldfish can live 10 to 15 years or more, I think one of the oldest goldfish was around 44! Floating pellets will be fine and goldfish will always act hungry There are other foods you can feed them, such as freeze dried and frozen products which come in a variety of flavours such as tubifex worms, blood worms, daphnia, krill, shrimp etc. You can also feed goldfish some fruits and vegetables, but quite often it's down to their personal tastes as to which ones they'll eat! We have a thread here on the forums, which is a guide to feeding vegetables - (Link is not visible to guests. Please register to view. While I can appreciate your goldfish are only around 2 inches at the moment, they will need a larger aquarium soon. As I mentioned previously my goldfish Lucky grew an inch in just 3 months! One of the main reasons it is recommended to have 10 gallons per fish, is not only because of the growth, but also because of the amount of waste goldfish produce, so the more water they have, the better as it makes the waste less concentrated and less harmful to the fish. Otherwise if the tank space is too small and/or the tank has too many fish, the water will become toxic and will either make the fish very ill or kill them. Actually that's just made me realise, did you cycle your tank? When a tank cycles, it goes through the nitrogen cycle (there are several threads around here that explain it very well, so I'll just do a brief summary). So to begin with Ammonia levels will rise and spike, bacteria will be developing which transform Ammonia into Nitrites, then Ammonia levels will go down and Nitrites will spike up, then more bacteria will develop turning Nitrites into Nitrates. Ammonia is deadly to fish and Nitrites are pretty bad for them as well, but Nitrates are okay in a low concentration. So as fish keepers, we either have a water testing kit at home or we take our water sample to a local pet shop. This will then tell us what the Ammonia, Nitrite and Nitrate levels are in the tank. So in a fully cycled tank Ammonia will be 0ppm, Nitrite will be 0ppm and Nitrates will ideally be below 40ppm (ppm stands for parts per million, it's how things are measured in aquaria). With the photos, I believe your log ornament is like an air stone? So am I right in thinking you currently don't have a filter? How often are you doing water changes at the moment and when you do a water change, do you use a water conditioner?
Robert W. Endlich What determines a nation’s success or failure on the battlefield? The answer to that question has been debated throughout history and is ongoing as I write this, as Russian troops engage Ukrainian fighters in Ukraine. Many factors are involved in the answer to this question, including quality and quantity of equipment and troops, control of the air, training and discipline of troops, and logistic support of those engaged in combat. Another factor often determines the outcome: Weather and Weather’s effects on the terrain and the skies above. I spent twenty-one years in the Air Force as a Weather Officer, three of which were as Staff Weather Officer to the Army’s VII Corps in Stuttgart,Germany during the Cold War, 1979-1982. In that assignment, I learned how my Army Corps was prepared to defend our sector of Germany, which extended from north of Wurzburg to Nuremberg, with our troops and M-60 tanks. We were defending against not only Soviet troop formations, but also against an entire Soviet TANK ARMY, the Eighth Guards Tank Army, whose number of tanks dwarfed ours. To defend, we planned to use maneuver, moving our men and machines to points in the terrain where we could achieve tactical surprise and outgun our enemy. Weather controlled how much our Air Force could provide Air Support, but weather also controlled the conditions on the ground. If tanks wandered into impassible, muddy conditions, and we could attack prior to them being retrieved, they were sitting ducks. If tanks could be confined to a road, such as a road through a forest, killing the first and last tank would leave a line of tanks which could not escape; we could kill them with dispatch. I learned soil type, soil slope, and soil moisture determined how many tracked or wheeled vehicles could pass until the soil turned into an impassible mire. I was assigned to work with the “G2 section,” Military Intelligence warriors who were responsible for knowing the Enemy, the Terrain, and the Weather. I did the Weather portion for them. Lessons I learned with VII Corps helped me prepare this post. SOME BACKGROUND ON UKRAINE’S CLIMATE AND TERRAIN Ukraine has long been known as “Breadbasket to the World,” because of its rich soil, Prairie Black Earth, the Chernozym soils. With these soils, Ukrainian farmers are able to obtain good yields of wheat, corn, sunflower seed oil and more. Prairie Black Earth contains a high amount of humus, organic material, allowing it to retain high amounts of water which enables the high agricultural output. Maximum snow cover in Kiev is in December near the Winter Solstice. Coldest temperature occurs around 2 Feb, but beginning in mid-February, average maximum temperatures start to go above freezing, averaging 40F by mid-March. Maximum soil moisture occurs in February. So just as in many other places in Europe, and farming regions in the US, the return of longer days and higher sun in late February brings an end to frozen ground and begins “mud season,” which in Ukraine continues for some six to eight weeks. The New York Times reports that Chairman Xi of the PRC, in a meeting with Putin just before the Beijing Olympics, asked Putin to delay invasion of Ukraine until after the end of the Beijing Olympics on 22 Feb 2022. Putin’s acceding to this request may have been an all-important event. The start day for the invasion may have been delayed, allowing the higher daytime sun and longer days to warm frozen soil, turning it into mud, and spoiling opportunities for tank maneuver over frozen ground. In any event, at 0500L on 24 Feb 2022 Russian formations started advancing into Ukraine. In the months and weeks prior to Russia’s invasion, the news was flooded with stories of how the Russians had massed tens of thousands of troops in southwestern-most Russia, next to Ukraine, and in southern Belarus. The number of Russian troops thus deployed were estimated by the BBC at 190,000 shortly before the invasion. Gen Jack Keane, Director of the Institute for the Study of War, mentioned warming temperatures and the possibility of terrain going from frozen ground to mud saying, “Weather is clearly a factor” in his Fox News appearances. Keane, a retired four-star US Army general, said the spring mud in the region has long played a role in Russian warfare, having saved Russia from foreign invasions in the past. Keane said unpaved roads turn into ravines of mud when snow and ice begin to melt typically mid-to-late March. The muck can mire tanks and make moving military equipment a challenge, even in the 21st Century. Media Elites had another view: In the Washington Post, there’s a quote from the Center for Naval Analyses Russia Studies Program, viz., Ukraine’s terrain was “considered ‘impassible except during winter.’” “Russian troops have long proved quite adept at handling marsh and swamp terrain.” In Foreign Policy Magazine, from the story, “A Little Mud Won’t Stop Putin—Frozen ground may aid a Russian invasion of Ukraine, but it’s not a decisive factor,” there is this gem, “There are multiple factors, the ground is one of them, but it’s not in itself determinative. Russia is well-versed in operating in this area.” In early Feb 2022, Fox news reported that “Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Mark Milley told lawmakers that Kyiv could fall within 72 hours if a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine takes place,” according to multiple congressional sources. PLANNING FOR GROUND MANEUVER OPERATIONS Armies exist to control the ground as an instrument of national policy. In the early development of armored vehicles powered by internal combustion engines, the ability to operate off-road became an important consideration, and during WWI the first tanks having tracks vs. wheels were developed. Today, many variants of tanks and other armored vehicles use tracks to enable maneuvering cross-country to engender tactical surprise combined with firepower on the move without the necessity of using prepared road surfaces. Self-propelled howitzers also equipped with tracks allow the firepower of a cannon to be likewise moved cross-country, unencumbered by the necessity to use roads, to allow the set up and establishment of firing positions to rain down indirect (where the gunners do not directly observe the target) artillery fires against targets up to sixteen miles away, eighteen miles, if using rocket assisted propulsion (RAP) rounds. There is an important flip side to this picture. The ability for tracked vehicles to maneuver cross country depends on the ability of the terrain and soil to support tracked vehicles. This situation brings in the necessity for knowledge of the terrain, soil type, soil slope, and water content of that soil. If the soil contains organic materials and clay, it is likely that once melted, it can become a mud trap for wheeled and even tracked vehicles. In successful “preparation of the battlefield,” this also requires knowledge of climatology and meteorology, including rainfall, surface temperature, and wind, factors which enable knowledge of the rate at which wet soils might dry out. PICTURES, VIDEOS TELL THE STORY Images from sources within Ukraine have shown me that many of the experts were wrong, especially about supposed prowess and progress of the Russian Army in Ukraine. Multiple images showed that tracked and wheeled Russian vehicles were confined to roadways, and vehicles that ventured off those roadways became mired in mud, sitting ducks for Ukrainian defenders. These images show me that the Russians immediately encountered so much mud that any attempts at cross-country maneuver in an attempt to rapidly seize Kiev, were beset with terrain that could not be traversed. Both wheeled and tracked vehicles were forced to use only prepared roads, many, paved roads. Here is a story told by the image and the description by NBC News in Figure 1 below. A Russian tank departed from a prepared roadway into a muddy bog just off the road and became mired in mud, unable to move. An apparent attempt to retrieve the tank with a steel cable and hooks failed, and the stationary tank was destroyed by Ukrainian defenders. From the story, “Russia’s attempts at a fast-paced assault haven’t brought its forces inside Kyiv, the capital and the seat of the Western-leaning government the Kremlin appears intent on removing. Instead, the strategy has stretched supply lines and morale to a breaking point, while Russian tanks and military equipment have, at times, gotten stuck in mud or run out of gas.” Below, Smoke rises from a Russian tank destroyed by the Ukrainian forces on the side of a road in Lugansk region last week. THREE IMAGES SHOW RUSSIAN TANKS BEING ATTACKED AND DEFEATED IN A FARM VILLAGE Another series of images, screen captured from this UK Sun video shows the effects of Russian tanks attempting to attack Kiev from the north-northeast using pavement of the E95 highway, entering the farming village of Skybyn, on the northeastern outskirts of Kiev. Figure 2 below shows a line of Russian main battle tanks approaching Skybyn; there is standing water in the farm fields alongside the north side of the E95 attesting to the saturated condition of the soil, and the reason the tanks’ travel is confined to the paved road. A few seconds later in the video, displayed as screen capture Figure 3 below, we see a pitched battle in Skybyn. Ukrainian defenders, concealed in the areas between houses in Skybyn have attacked the Russian tanks with anti-tank weapons. A bright explosion has enveloped one Russian tank, the blue smoke from other explosions of anti-tank weapons discharged in the midst of the tank formation is visible. Skid marks show where, amidst the attack, tanks have made sharp turns on the pavement of the E95 in efforts to escape the anti-tank weapons of the defending Ukrainians. After a few moments, the video shows the tanks, now defeated. Many tanks are in the process of turning around while others are in full retreat from the northeastern edge of Skybyn. The presence of dense puffs of blue smoke shows that the tanks are still under attack by the anti-tank weapons used by the Ukrainian forces. Beginning about 28 Feb 2022, Maxar Technologies reported a 40-mile-long convoy stalled on the road from the north into Kiev. Numerous news sources reported the story using Maxar’s satellite images. Figure 5 below is one such image which I have annotated with my interpretation. The scene is on 28 Feb 2022, four days into the invasion, from an area near the Antonov Airport northwest of Kiev. I add these comments: The fields are so sloppy that most vehicles are confined to the paved roadway or very close to the paved roadway. This points again to the ongoing mud season and the realization that wheeled or tracked vehicles were in danger of getting mired in mud if cross-country travel was attempted. This image indicates that any possible advantage of cross-country travel with tracked vehicles would be lost if cross country travel was attempted at this time. This brings inherent advantage to the defenders knowing attacking forces are confined to established roadways. The brightest areas in the fields in this image appear to be standing water, another indication of saturated ground and extremely muddy conditions. Looking at the individual wheeled vehicle tracks into the open fields, it appears that the drivers soon realized that off-road conditions were very unfavorable and promptly looped back to the paved surface. I interpret the wide spots in the vehicle tracks near the center of the image near the arrowheads are locations where the driver felt he was losing control, the vehicle slipping in the mud, and returned promptly to a hard surface. Beyond the weather and trafficability features of this image are obvious indications of poor road march discipline. The vehicles need fuel, parts, and maintenance, yet the lanes are blocked with vehicles seemingly parked at all angles and in disorder. Maintenance, supply, and the logistics of field operations were not instilled into this formation, pointing to the lack of an established Non-Commissioned Officer Corps in the Russian Army, lack of practice in convoy operations, units that had not trained in field operations, and diverse types of units, “combined forces” in US parlance, obviously had not trained together. Which brings this question, far from weather and climate, but necessary to ask: Why were they not training and training together when the forces were being massed on the border of Ukraine? WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? Early expectations by media elites of Russian prowess were way off the mark. Early pronouncements that weather’s effects on the terrain would be no factor because of the expertise of the Russian invaders were wrong. Rather than frozen ground, invaders encountered extremely muddy ground. News images showed Russian tanks stuck in the mud, sitting duck targets, after venturing off established roads Weather and weather effects had a dramatic impact on the war, confining attacking Russian vehicles to paved highways and roads, eliminating potential attacker advantages of cross-country maneuver using tracked vehicles. Satellite images showed convoys stopped, unable to be resupplied and unable to venture cross country. Weather and weather effects controlled the early days and weeks of the ground war. The Ukrainians had tactical advantage in fighting the Russians, who were confined to established roads. Failure by the Russian attackers in these early days to achieve surprise through cross-country maneuver, and the ability of the Ukrainian defenders to shape the defensive battle may have fatally blunted offensive blows by the Russians. Early claims by many “experts” were wrong. Only time will tell the outcome.
You’ve identified your learning outcomes, drafted your modules, and uploaded your new online courses into your learning management system. But you can tell by the metrics in your LMS dashboard that the course isn’t performing as well as you want it to. How can you get more students to engage with, complete, and retain the important material you’ve presented in the course content? Whether in higher education or for the learning and development department, these three tips can help instructors create more effective and engaging online learning. 1. Add multimedia elements Every learner engages better with different types of course material. Some are visual learners, some do better listening to lectures, and others learn best by reading. That’s why adding different multimedia elements can increase student engagement and help students learn the material more thoroughly. Along with text-based course content, try recording a series of short video lectures. Use images — or even gifs — to elevate the learning experience in the online classroom. If that sounds daunting, remember that you don’t need to create everything yourself. There are many open educational resources (OER) that you can link to, or even include in your online classes. Refreshing the multimedia elements in an older online course is a fantastic way to keep training modules current, as well. 2. Encourage social learning Many online courses can feel isolating for students, especially if they’re used to a face to face class. Implementing social learning techniques can make a huge difference in the student learning experience, and improve learner engagement and the personal connection students have with the course. Social learning is when students learn from their peers, rather than from an instructor. This is very common informally — think about asking a coworker how to operate the printer, or for a quick tutorial using a software program. You can encourage social learning in the online classroom by adding a messaging app or discussion boards to your online course through the learning management system. Struggling students especially can benefit by being able to check in with fellow students, ask questions, and discuss complicated problems as a group. Social online learning also benefits students who have already mastered the material, because it gives them an opportunity to share their knowledge with others and cement it even further. Social learning would not be complete without a social newsfeed. Similar to the social newsfeed on Facebook or Linkedin where peers can engage with each other, share courses, exchange learning, and share their awards. 3. Make it interactive Finally, help online students learn more effectively by making your online course as interactive as possible. For example: - Reward students for learning by gamifying the course material with training badges that students earn upon completing a course. - Use interactive microlearning to supplement the main course material, and engage students in their spare moments. - Create digital flashcards that have an illustration or question on one side, and then “flip” to explanatory text when students click them. - You can also use online quizzes and puzzle games to help improve students’ critical thinking. Interactivity can be very effective for improving learning outcomes, because it helps keep student attention in a way that a simple lecture can’t. It’s easy to use these three tips to elevate your online courses when you use a modern learning management system to manage your course content. See a demo of how Opigno LMS can help you create stellar online training today. Author: Adam Kennedy-Ripon Design: Simon Contreras
[PDF]Acting Principles of Tuina Acting Principles of Tuina Tuina attains the purpose of preventing and treating diseases by means of applying therapeutic manipulations to certain points or superficial parts of the human body to regulate the physiological and pathological conditions. So its curative action depends upon the property and quantity of the applied manipulations, the special nature of the locations being treated and the selected points. The acting principles of tuina include balancing yin and yang, regulating the zang-fu organs, dredging the meridians and promoting circulation of qi to activate blood. Balancing Yin and Yang Yin-yang is a concept of ancient Chinese philosophy.The initial meaning of yin and yang was very simple, just referring to side facing or opposing the sunlight, i.e. the side facing it being yang while the side opposing it yin.Later on, this meaning was extended to mean warmth and cold in climate, up and down, left and right, internal and external in location, excitement and inhibition of motion state, etc. The ancient thinkers observed that everything in the universe comprised two opposing aspects. Yin and yang were the summarization of the two opposing aspects of related things and phenomena in the nature. The occurrence,development and change of everything in the universe were the outcome of motion of yin and yang in opposition and unity of two aspects in one contradiction. It is said in Ptain Questions, the Treatise on the Correspondence between Man and the Universe that yin and yang are the law of the universe, the great outlines of everything, the parents of all changes, the origin of birth and death and the source of mental activities. Over two thousand years ago, the yin-yang theory had been introduced into TCM and became an important component of its basic theory, used to explain the organic structure, the physiological functions and the pathological changes of the human body as well as guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. The yin-yang theory holds that the human body is composed of two opposite but unified aspects: materials and functions, i.e. yin and yang. In terms of the parts of the human body, the exterior is yang and the interior is yin;the upper part is yang and the lower part is yin; the back is yang and the abdomen is yin. As for the zang-fu organs, the six fu-nrguns are yang and the five zang-organs are yin. As for qi and blood, qi is yang and blood is yin. In terms of function and material, function is yang and material is yin. As far as functional state is concerned, excitement is yang and inhibition is yin;activity is yang and static condition is yin; growth is yang and decline is yin. When it comes to functional activity of qi, upward is yang while downward is yin; outward is yang and inward is yin and so on. When yin and yang are in dynamic equilibrium, life activity of the body will remain in a healthy state known as "yin and yang in equilibrium". But if the relative balance between yin and yang is upset by the six pathogenic factors, seven emotions and traumatic injuries,there may appear a series of pathological changes due to imbalance between yin and yang. For example,excess of yang causes heat, while excess of yin leads to cold; excess of yin results in disorders of yang, excess of.aug results in disorders of yin; deficiency of yang produces exterior cold, deficiency of yin brings about interior beat. etc. Clinically syndromes of different degrees and properties such as yin, yang, exterior, interior, cold, heat, deficiency and excess may be present. It is clear that all physiological and pathological changes in the human body can be summarized with yin and yang, which correspond to asthenia or sthenia of zang-fu organs, disharmony between qi and blood, obstruction of the meridians, irregulation of the ying and wei systems. They are all due to predominance or decline of yin and yang or imbalance between yin and yang, which is tile root cause of the occurrence of diseases and presents in the whole process of the occurrence and development of diseases. It is said in tile book dingyue Quanshu Chuanzhonglu that though they are complex, medical tenets can still be summed up in one word: yin and yang. Tuina treatment follows the principle "examining the conditions of yin and yang carefully so as to get them in relative balance" described in Huangdi Netting. According to syndrome differentiation, massagists employ different manipulations with different stimulations clinically to change pathological conditions of the body caused by imbalance of yin-yang, restore their relative eguilibrium and remove pathogenic factors. Manipulations may be light or heavy, slow or rapid, forceful or gentle. They can be used to treat asthenic syndrome with reinforcing method,sthenic syndrome by reduction, heat syndrome by cooling, cold syndrome by warming, stasis or stagnation by removing and dispersing, exopathogens in the exterior of the body by diaphoresis and half-exterior and half-interior syndrome by expelling and regulating therapy. The purpose of regulating yin and yang is accomplished mainly through the meridians, qi and blood. That is, tuina manipulations act on the local areas to dredge the meridians, promote circulation of qi and blood and nourish the bones and muscles and through them further affect the corresponding viscera and other parts. For instance,proper manipulations applied to cases with hyperperistalsis of the intestine at the Back-Shu and Front-Mu acupoints can inhibit its hyperactivity and make it back to a normal condition on the contrary, hypoperistalsis of the intestine can also be improved to the healthy condition with tuina manipulations. Some researchers observed the peristalsis of the stomach by massaging Pishu (BL 20), Weishu (BL21) and Zusanli (ST 36). They found that massaging Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21) quickened its movement, while massaging Zusanli (ST 36) and other points inhibited it. Further studies s
The Temperate Database is in the process of being updated, with new records being added and old ones being checked and brought up to date where necessary. This record has not yet been checked and updated. Common Name: Pacific Hound's Tongue Cynoglossum grande is a perennial plant that can grow up to 0.75 metres tall. It has edible and medicinal uses. Western N. America - British Columbia to California. Prefers a deep fertile well-drained but moisture retentive soil[ ]. Succeeds in well-drained ordinary garden soil[ ]. Tolerates light dappled shade[ This species is not hardy in the colder areas of the country, it tolerates temperatures down to between -5 and -10°c[ Root - cooked[ The grated root has been used as a dressing on inflamed burns and scalds[ The root has been used in the treatment of stomach aches and venereal diseases[ Seed - sow autumn, late winter or spring in a greenhouse. The seed usually germinates within 1 - 3 weeks at 20°c. Plant out in mid spring or in the autumn[ The seed is best sown in situ according to another report[
Squid-Inspired Tape Could Help Camouflage Soldiers It could even cloak them against night-vision goggles No matter the color or texture of their surroundings, squid are masters of camouflage, blending in to the scenery to avoid detection. Now, researchers from the University of California Irvine have isolated the source of the creature’s disappearing act: a protein appropriately named reflection. Additionally, when the researchers layered this protein on a piece of tape, it rendered the tape invisible in particular wavelengths of light. The researchers presented their work this week at the meeting of the American Chemical Society in Denver. Squid produce reflectin, which enables the animal to change its color depending on the protein’s layering and spacing in the skin. The researchers were able to use bacteria to isolate the protein; they then stuck it on a thin plastic base–the same sort of sticky tape you may have at home. Just like the squid, layering the reflectin on the tape changes which wavelengths of light it reflects. An application of this material could be useful for certain types of camouflage during the day, but Alon Gorodetsky, the chemical engineer spearheading the research, notes that it might be even better for soldiers operating at night who are still visible by cameras that pick up the near-infrared. Though the tape isn’t yet ready for use in the field, Gorodetsky says that it’s cheap to manufacture and would be easy to scale up. He and his team are tweaking the material to work at more varied wavelengths of light. In a non-military context, these stickers on clothing could help keep in a person’s body heat during cold weather.
This course is an introduction to the perspectives, methods, and ideas of cultural anthropology and will analyze human diversity and similarities among people throughout the world, both western and non-western, through cross-cultural comparison. Topics include culture and society; ethnographic research; ethnocentrism and cultural relativism; how societies adapt to their environment; different forms of marriage and social relationships; male, female, and other forms of gender; the social functions of religion; and the processes of social-cultural change. A study of Indigenous North American cultures from ancient times to the 21st century. Native American cultures and traditions are studied, including lifeways, religion, ceremonies, arts, sovereignty, government, and social organizations. The course first focuses on ancient Mesoamerica. The study then proceeds to an in-depth review of the peoples and nations of North American culture areas, including the Northeast, Southeast, and the Great Plains, as well as the impact of settler colonialism.
\|US Gov Name\|\|Minidoka Relocation Center\| \|Facility Type\|\|Concentration Camp\| \|Administrative Agency\|\|War Relocation Authority\| \|Location\|\|Hunt, Idaho (42.6667 lat, -114.2333 lng)\| \|Date Opened\|\|August 10, 1942\| \|Date Closed\|\|October 28, 1945\| \|Population Description\|\|Held people from Washington, Oregon, and Alaska; in 1943 many of the incarcerees from Bainbridge Island, Washington, were transferred at their own request to Minidoka from Manzanar.\| \|General Description\|\|Located at 4,000 feet of elevation on uneven terrain in southern Idaho, Minidoka is in the Snake River Plain of Jerome County, 15 miles east of Jerome and 15 miles north of Twin Falls. The 33,000 acres of arid desert was dominated by sagebrush; the southern boundary of the camp was formed by the man-made North Side canal.\| \|Peak Population\|\|9,397 (1943-03-01)\| \|National Park Service Info\| The United States government incarcerated over 13,000 people of Japanese ancestry at the Minidoka War Relocation Center. Construction began on the site on June 5, 1942, by the Idaho-based Morrison-Knudsen Company. On August 10, 1942, incarcerees arrived at the site. The number of incarcerees reached 7,318 at its maximum population. On October 28, 1945, Minidoka ceased operation. Geography and Prewar History The Minidoka Relocation Center stood immediately north of the North Side Canal and sixteen miles east of Jerome, Idaho, in Jerome County. Located on the Snake River Plain of South Central Idaho, Minidoka is located roughly twenty miles northeast of Twin Falls, Idaho. The landscape of the area surrounding Minidoka is a mixture of ash soil, basaltic rock, and silt. These geologic features are evidence of the turbulent times of the prehistoric past when over ten million years ago, the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone hot spot now visible at Yellowstone National Park was once below the surface of the Snake River Plain. Since the Bonneville Flood around 14,500 years ago, the Snake River Plain slowly transformed into the high desert sage land it is today. Although the region is arid, the Milner-Gooding Canal provided irrigation water to the area for farming. This allowed the area to flourish agriculturally in the early 20th century. Many farmers came to the area after the passage of the Carey Act of 1894 and the Newlands Reclamation Act of 1902. Due to the reclamation project in the area, the infamous dust storms at Minidoka occurred when the wind blew across the reclaimed sage-covered desert, since the sage was no longer present to hold down the fine volcanic ash-like dust. The first issue of the Minidoka Irrigator, the incarceree-run newspaper, helped people learn about their new living conditions, reporting a low of 21 degrees below zero and high of 104 degrees in 1942. Although there was a small Japanese American population in Idaho before the war, Idaho governor Chase Clark took on a strongly anti-Japanese stance after the attack on Pearl Harbor, opposing "voluntary resettlement" of Japanese Americans from the West Coast to Idaho (even to serve as much needed farm laborers) and even the construction of what would become the Minidoka camp in Idaho. Despite the governor's feelings the camp was established. The population of Minidoka came from Oregon, Washington, and Alaska. Minidoka included 36 residential blocks and over 600 buildings. Though the actual numbered blocks went up to 44, some numbers, such as Block 9 and 11, were not used. The curvature of the North Side canal allowed for a more unique curved layout unlike the blockish layout of the other camps. Minidoka was one of three War Relocation Centers that were built on public lands owned by the Bureau of Reclamation. The Bureau of Reclamation assumed that the Nikkei population would provide cheap labor for irrigation projects. Incarcerees did help with the construction of irrigation canals and laterals, but a majority of their work went toward the fields due to labor shortages in the area. When farmers' crops were about to be lost due to not having enough people to help with harvesting, many repressed their prejudices and allowed Nikkei to help, allowing the community to resign their misconceptions. From April 22, 1942, to September 26, 1945, Harry L. Stafford served as project director of the Minidoka Relocation Center. In his report to the War Relocation Authority, Stafford voiced his concerns about how hastily the camp had been constructed. He also mentioned that the incomplete facilities "forced prolonged use of outdoor latrines (foul affairs)." With that he wrote that the "occupancy period is the most regrettable part of the Minidoka history." The relationship between incarcerees and the Minidoka War Relocation Center's administration began relatively well, but over the course of its operation the relationship strained. Stafford claimed that the "open public service attitude of the camp administration" contributed to the Minidoka project enjoying satisfactory public relations at the site. However, Stafford's statement only refers to public relations with the outside community, not within the Nikkei community. The turbulent relationship between the Nikkei and the administration began with the barbed wire fence. When the first incarcerees arrived, the barbed wire fence was incomplete. Nikkei were allowed to tread into the nearby sagebrush to find fuel to burn. Once the fence was constructed, many felt it intolerable and some felt humiliated. Some rebelled and tried to dismantle the fence, but the contractor electrified the fence without the knowledge of the administration, causing further tension. More strain followed when the authorities allowed Nisei to construct their own community government. The concept was "American citizenship for American leadership." Stafford wrote that it was a good idea, but it failed because of "extreme youth in the citizen ranks" and the "traditional dominance of the elders." This community government ran by the second generation pitted the Issei and the Nisei against each other and caused a rift in the community. Stafford also noted that about 10% of the problems were from policy making and the administration enforcing the policies. He then wrote that "[m]ost flare-ups were usually traceable to administrative awkwardness in one phase or another" and that "the administration of the Minidoka Camp could have been vested in the Japanese people almost 100 percent." In 1943, the loyalty questionnaire issued by federal officials pushed already strained relationships to the brink. 1,900 Nikkei from Tule Lake who were deemed loyal were sent to Minidoka. (See Segregation.) A disproportionately high percentage of men at Minidoka volunteered for the segregated Nisei unit in the army. While Minidoka only had seven percent of eligible Nisei for the draft, twenty-five percent of those Nisei who volunteered came from Minidoka. Others resisted the military draft making a statement by defying it. In 1944, thirty-eight men were apprehended for draft evasion. In eleven days, thirty-three were tried before Honorable Judge Chase Clark, former governor of Idaho. Unwavering from previous anti-Japanese sentiment, he did not recuse himself for being biased. One man was acquitted, while those who plead guilty were sentenced to eighteen months in prison, and those convicted were sentenced to three years and three months and a $200 fine. In December 1944, the War Relocation Authority announced the closures of all camps. At that time, seventy-three percent of those removed from the West Coast were still at the ten WRA centers across the United States. By September 1, 1945, W.E. Rawlings became the project director, and he stated in his Project Director's Narrative that there were still 3,000 Nikkei at Minidoka. Rawlings said those who were left were old, sick, or incompetent. Many were given a three-day notice to vacate the premises, so the site could be closed on time. Only one person was evicted due to refusing to move. Rawlings mentioned that it only took one eviction to cut this behavior. After the War On October 28, 1945, Minidoka officially closed. Dismantling took place immediately. A little over three months after Minidoka's closure, the War Relocation Authority returned the land back to the Bureau of Reclamation. Then in 1947, Congress passed the Interior Department Appropriation Act allowing for the transfer of former War Relocation Center acreage to returning war veterans on a lottery based system, allowing settlement on reclamation project land. By March 15, 1947, the federal government promoted forty-three Idaho farm units ready for veterans. In September 1947, the government reported another forty-six units, approximately 3,618 acres, would be given away. On August 18, 1979, the Minidoka War Relocation Authority Center was listed on the National Registry of Historic Places. The historic site originally consisted of 6.06 acres of the entrance area. Buildings included were the military police building, visitor reception building, garden, and the visitor parking lot. On October 13, 1979, a dedication ceremony was held at the site with the Pocatello-Blackfoot JACL unveiling the National Registry of Historic Places plaque and an interpretive panel. On January 17, 2001, the Minidoka National Historic Site was designated as the 385th unit of the National Park System by President Bill Clinton as the Minidoka National Historic Monument, including 73 acres along the North Side Canal. In 2008, the site was designated as a National Historic Site by President Bush. The site is currently 407.5 acres of the original 33,000 acres. On May 8, 2008, the Nidoto Nai Yoni (Let it not happen again) Memorial was designated as a unit of the Minidoka National Historic Site. Original structures still standing include the fire station, warehouse, root cellar, military police building, and the visitor reception center. There is a 1.6 mile trail with wayside exhibits to explain the historic significance of the site and a portion of the barbed wire fence was reestablished along the North Side Canal. A visitor's center and the recreation of Block 22 are on the horizon. On July 3, 2011, the Friends of Minidoka and the National Park Service unveiled a replica of the historic Honor Roll. It stands once again at the entrance of the Minidoka to honor those who served in the military from Minidoka. The reconstruction of the guard tower at the entrance of the park is scheduled to be completed by 2014. Pilgrimage and Civil Liberties Symposium The first pilgrimage, held in 2003, had approximately 120 participants. 2012 celebrates the 10th anniversary of the pilgrimage. Over the years, the program has evolved to make it more educational, more inspirational, and more enlightening so pilgrims would want to return. The pilgrimage consists of a visit to the historical site, a legacy session, small group sharing, social time, and the closing ceremony. The pilgrimage was a three-day activity but was recently expanded to four days, allowing a one-day overlap with the Civil Liberties Symposium. Since 2006, the Friends of Minidoka, the College of Southern Idaho, and the National Park Service have been organizing the annual Civil Liberties Symposium. The Symposium is scheduled for two days prior to the pilgrimage, allowing the students and teachers who attend the opportunity to also attend the pilgrimage, while giving the pilgrims the opportunity to participate. Each year the Symposium tackles a different theme. Themes have included: media, arts, military/dissenters, and education. This two-day symposium focuses on civil liberties, constitutional rights, racism and discrimination in the U.S., fragility of democracy in the times of crisis, and the Japanese American experience and its relevance to current events. The two days are filled with lectures, panels, and performances. For More Information Burton, Jeffrey F., and Mary M. Farrell. This is Minidoka: An Archeological Survey of Minidoka Internment National Monument, Idaho. Tucson: Western Archeological and Conservation Center, 2001. Burton, Jeffrey F., Mary M. Farrell, Florence B. Lord, and Richard W. Lord. Confinement and Ethnicity: An Overview of World War II Japanese American Relocation Sites. Seattle: National Park Service, 1999. Accessed December 25, 2011. http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/index.htm Fiset, Louis. Imprisoned Apart: The World War II Correspondence of an Issei Couple. Foreword by Roger Daniels. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997. [Letters between Iwao Matsushita at Fort Missoula, Montana, and Hanaye Matsushita at Minidoka.] Haglund, Frances E. "Behind Barbed Wire." Integrated Education. 16.2 (Mar.-Apr. 1978): 3-8. [Reminiscences of a Minidoka science teacher.] Maeda, Laura. "Life at Minidoka: A Personal History of the Japanese-American Relocation." Pacific Historian 20.4 (1976): 379-87. Merger, Amy Lowe. Minidoka Internment National Monument: Historic Resource Study. Seattle: National Park Service, 2005. Muller, Eric. Free to Die For Their Country. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001. Muller, Eric. "The Minidoka Draft Resisters in a Federal Kangaroo Court." In Nikkei in the Pacific Northwest, ed. Louis Fiset and Gail Nomura, 171-189. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2005. National Park Service. "Minidoka National Historic Site: Idaho." http://www.nps.gov/miin/index.htm. Omori, Chizu. "The Loyalty Questionnaire." In Guilt by Association: Essays on Japanese American Settlement, Internment and Relocation in the Rocky Mountain West, ed. Mike Mackey, 285. Powell: Western History Publications, 2001. "Presidential Documents: Proclamation 7395 of January 17, 2001, Establishment of the Minidoka Internment National Monument," Federal Register Vol. 66, No. 14. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2001. Rawlings, W.E. "Project Director's Narrative: Relocation." http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft7870073x;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e133&toc.depth=1&toc.id=&brand=calisphere&query=Project%20director%20narrative. Sakoda, James M. "Minidoka: An Analysis of Changing Patterns of Social Interaction." Diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1949. __________. "Reminiscences of a Participant Observer." In Views from Within: The Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Study. Ed. Yuji Ichioka. Los Angeles: Asian American Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 1989. 219-45. __________. "The 'Residue': The Unresettled Minidokans, 1943-1945." In Views from Within: The Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Study. Ed. Yuji Ichioka. Los Angeles: Asian American Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 1989. 247-84. Sims, Robert C. "The Japanese American Experience in Idaho." Idaho Yesterdays (Spring 1978):2-10. Sone, Monica. Nisei Daughter. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1953. S. Frank Miyamoto, introd. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1979. [Memoir of a Seattle area Nisei that includes her time at Minidoka.] Stafford, Harry. "Project Director's Narrative: H.L. Stafford Report." http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft9p300845;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e76&toc.depth=1&toc.id=d0e76&brand=calisphere&query=Project%20director%20narrative. State of Idaho. "Jerome County." Accessed February 1, 2012. http://www.idaho.gov/aboutidaho/county/jerome.html. U.S. Department of Interior. Minidoka Internment National Monument: General Management Plan. Seattle: National Park Service, 2005. - Jeffrey F. Burton et al., Confinement and Ethnicity: An Overview of World War II Japanese American Relocation Sites, (Seattle: National Park Service, 1999), accessed December 25, 2011. http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce9.htm. - Also referred to by its postal designation as Hunt Camp, or just Hunt, by former incarcerees. - Jerome County is surrounded by Lincoln County to the north, Gooding County to the west, Twin Falls and Cassia Counties to the south, and Minidoka County to the east. The North Side Canal formed the southern border of the Minidoka Relocation Center. Minidoka is not to be confused with Minidoka County or Minidoka City (approximately 50 miles east of the camp). The Minidoka Relocation Center got its name from the Minidoka Reclamation Project that the original land was a part of. - Charles A. Wood and Juergen Kienle, Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 149-150. - Amy Lowe Merger, Minidoka Internment National Monument: Historic Resource Study (Seattle: National Park Service, 2005), 7. - Merger, 23-35. - Merger, 97. - "Our 'Home' For The Duration," Minidoka Irrigator, September 10, 1942, 8. - Ibid., March 23, 1942, 1. The first group to be "evacuated" from the West Coast was the Bainbridge Island residents from Washington who eventually relocated to Minidoka. Instead of being sent to Minidoka like most residents from the Seattle area, they were originally sent to the Manzanar Relocation Center in California. However, the Bainbridge Islanders decided that the Californians at Manzanar, especially the Terminal Island residents were too rough for them, and sought to join their fellow Washingtonians at Minidoka. - Ibid., http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce9a.htm. - The other two were Tule Lake and Heart Mountain. - Merger, 93-97. - "Project Director's Narrative: Relocation W.E. Rawlings," University of California, accessed February 29, 1946, http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft7870073x;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e133&toc.depth=1&toc.id=&brand=calisphere&query=Project%20director%20narrative. - "Project Director's Narrative: H.L. Stafford Report," University of California, accessed February 28, 2012,http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft9p300845;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e76&toc.depth=1&toc.id=d0e76&brand=calisphere&query=Project%20director%20narrative. - Merger, 130. - "Project Director's Narrative: H.L. Stafford Report." - Merger, 141. - "Project Director's Narrative: H.L. Stafford Report." - This is when Tule Lake began to evolve into a segregation center. - Chizu Omori, "The Loyalty Questionnaire," in Guilt by Association: Essays on Japanese American Settlement, Internment and Relocation in the Rocky Mountain West, ed. Mike Mackey (Powell, Wyoming: Western History Publications, 2001), 285. - Eric Muller, Free to Die For Their Country (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001), 54. - Eric Muller, "The Minidoka Draft Resisters in a Federal Kangaroo Court," in Nikkei in the Pacific Northwest, ed. Louis Fiset and Gail Nomura (Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press, 2005), 176-183. - Merger, 145. - "Project Director's Narrative: Project Director W.E. Rawlings," University of California, accessed February 29, 1946, http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft7870073x;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e77&toc.depth=1&toc.id=&brand=calisphere&query=Project%20director%20narrative. - Merger, 155. - Idaho Daily Statesman, March 15, 1947, 6. - Merger, 155. - Hiro Shiozaki, phone interview, December 2011. - "Presidential Documents: Proclamation 7395 of January 17, 2001, Establishment of the Minidoka Internment National Monument," Federal Register Vol. 66, No. 14 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2001). - "Minidoka National Historic Site: Idaho," National Park Service, accessed February 2, 2012, http://www.nps.gov/miin/index.htm. Located on Bainbridge Island, WA, this 8 acre site pays tribute to the first group to be removed from the West Coast and their journey to Minidoka. - Carol Ash, e-mail message to author, February 15, 2012. - Both projects were funded by Japanese American Confinement Sites grants, a program of the National Park Service. - Today, Minidoka continues to hold an amalgamation of memories and strong emotions—feelings of denial, distrust, shame and joy. Former internees, their families, and friends have all made the pilgrimage from Seattle, Portland, and across the nation to the former Minidoka Relocation Center. They revisit the place and the memories amidst family, friends, and allies to honor the Issei who suffered most, to deliver the message of "Never Again," and to preserve the legacy of those interned. The pilgrimage is a sanctuary for stories to be shared, former incarcerees heal and provides an opportunity families to learn about themselves. This also gives those who do not have a connection with the Japanese American incarceration experience a chance to learn about this part of American history first hand through the activities during the pilgrimage and the opportunity to meet and hear stories from former incarcerees. The Pilgrimage Committee has noticed that the interest has no racial boundaries. They see teachers and students who are not of Japanese descent attending as well. Through this mixing of cultures, the demographics of those who attend are now getting broader. - Gloria Shigeno, e-mail message to author, November 7, 2010.
This week as part of our Maths we are exploring shape. We made lots of different 2D shapes from cocktail sticks, straws and marshmallows. The shapes we made were - Triangle (3 marshmallows + 3 cocktail sticks) - Square (4 marshmallows + 4 cocktail sticks) - Rectangle (4 marshmallows + 2 cocktail sticks + 2 straws) - Pentagon (5 marshmallows + 5 cocktail sticks) - Hexagon (6 marshmallows + 6 cocktail sticks) - Octagon (8 marshmallows + 8 cocktail sticks) When we were finished we counted the total number of corners (marshmallows) in all the shapes. There were 45 altogether so each child got 2 each and one was left for teacher! (22X2) + 1 = 45 marshmallows Who ever said that maths was not delicious!
By the ages of seven and eight, many children are starting to read longer “chapter” books. Some kids, however, are losing interest in reading. To keep your child reading, find books on his interests. Or share books you loved as a child. Get a craft book and make a project together, or try interactive books that let your child direct the story. You can boost your child’s self-esteem by asking him to read to a younger child.
How much will you have to pay for renewables? (again) Are your bills going to go up by £600 by 2020 (and dizzying incalculable amounts thereafter) to pay for renewable energy? They were based on a report written by the confusingly named Renewable Energy Foundation (REF) a group the Telegraph acknowledges has campaigned against onshore wind farms. One might imagine this would give a journalist pause in examining their figures (much as they would figures from Greenpeace), so let’s have a quick look at the workings… Unlike gas the cost of renewables is predictable (for better or worse) so the amount we plan to spend to reach 30% renewable electricity by 2020 has already been budgeted. So how do you get from £63 to £600? 1) Round up and make an assumption: £8bn or £308 REF took the £7.6bn figure and turned it into £8bn, we don’t know why, they then assumed that households would pay the entire cost, rather than it being shared around the economy. We’ll come to that later. 2) Add something that doesn’t actually pay for us to meet our target. £1bn or £38.50 In this case they’ve chosen the carbon price floor. The price floor is a minimum price that must be paid for each tonne of carbon dioxide emitted by gas and coal power plants collected by the treasury. REF argues this will push up the price of power paid to all generators, including wind generators, and so works as a subsidy for the wind industry. They accept that this won’t apply to any wind farm built after 2017 – because the subsidy regime will change. However, before then, REF projects a rush of new wind power projects, all before 2017 – a little on the ambitious side. They then predict these projects and those already built, will receive 40% more money as a result of the floor price. Which they put at £1bn a year. By their slightly absurd calculation (which basically divides the total number by the number of homes) that will cost you about £38 by 2020. They can’t actually know this – because they can’t know the future cost of carbon – but that is beside the point. The main thing is that the carbon price doesn’t get renewables built. It’s effectively a tax on carbon dioxide levied by the treasury which polluters will pass on in electricity costs which vary with the price of carbon and the cost of gas. Those higher costs may allow clean energy providers to sell their own power for slightly more. The big beneficiary is nuclear but existing wind generators may also benefit. However because the scale of any benefit is unknown and highly changeable, depending on the price of gas, it isn’t something that gets any wind turbines built. REF may be right to call the treasury tax unjustifiable, but they are wrong to say it’s a price we pay for building renewables. 3) Add a very large made up number : £5bn or £192 REF claim to have found a big ‘hidden cost’ of renewables – the cost of accommodating variable wind generation into the grid. Based on un-reviewed work by Colin Gibson, a retired engineer who once worked at the National Grid and now writes for the Renewable Energy Foundation they say this will add £5bn a year to bills by 2020. Or, put another way, building new power lines will add 2/3 of the total cost of building all the wind farms in the first place. By their workings that adds about £192 to each household bill. We’ve got a call in with the National Grid – but it’s not their figure. They are, however, members of the Electricity Network Strategy Group who have recently estimated the total cost of transmission upgrades at £8.8bn. But that’s the total cost – not the yearly cost. Spread out over the lifetime of the infrastructure and applied to consumer bills it would add about £6. 4) Throw on VAT: app £2bn: £76 The final touch is throw VAT on all the costs, y’know… as happens on your actual energy bill. Few problems here. VAT on power is 5%; this seems to assume something in the region of 20%. Second the VAT is actually paid on power – power that would otherwise have to come from other sources. REF may argue the power from renewable energy is more expensive – but then the VAT they add should only be on the difference between the cost of renewable energy and the cost assuming we stuck with gas, coal and nuclear. They’ve not calculated this, which isn’t surprising as they don’t know the gas price, but it’s fair to say the difference in price, on which it is reasonable to calculate the VAT, would be far lower than the absolute price. In short, this is economic twaddle. 5) Make a wild, economically illiterate, assumption: see numbers above They argued that all the costs of renewable energy, though paid by industry and business, would ultimately find their way back to consumers through higher costs of living. The first error here is to assume that all of the money paid for renewable power by business is ‘additional’. That power replaces power they’d otherwise get from gas, coal etc… which costs money – even if you think renewables are more expensive, you can’t believe gas is free. The second, more fundamental problem, is to assume money only goes one way in the economy, as if it vanishes into thin air. Money spent building wind turbines, infrastructure or even enriching the Treasury ultimately goes back into the economy e.g. through wages, public spending etc. Given that the IMF amongst others tend to recommend infrastructure spending as a way to boost growth this is a profoundly odd assumption.
Buy Cinderella of the Nile Beverley Naidoo. Illus. Marjan Vafaeian Age 7- 9 In this beautifully illustrated retelling of one of the earliest versions of Cinderella a young girl from Ancient Greece, Rhodopis, is kidnapped and taken as a slave to the island of Samos. Here she makes friends with the famous storyteller Aesop and his stories help her remain strong and resilient when she is sold on to another owner in Egypt. She is treated kindly by her Egyptian master who favours her, even giving her a pair of red slippers. However three sisters, servants in the household are jealous and mean to her. Echoes of the European version of Cinderella continue with invitations to a feast from the Pharaoh, a missing slipper, a search for its owner and a poor girl becoming Queen. This story gives lots to talk about in the story and wonderful illustrations. Children will be able to make comparisons with the European version of the story and explore the references to Aesop and aspects of the Ancient Greece and Egypt world including slavery and Gods and Goddesses. Share the story Watch the trailer Before you start reading the story talk about the cover and title – what does your child think is happening in the illustration? Think about what they know already about the story of Cinderella and what the title might mean – explaining the Nile is a river in Egypt if children are unsure. Read the story aloud to your child pausing after the first double page to see if children want to talk about what they have found out so far of if anything puzzles them, for example the idea of people being bought and sold into slavery. Continue to read the story aloud allowing time to pause to talk about what is happening in the story or pictures when your child wants to. Join in or read together Your child may be confident to read the story independently however it is fun to share the reading – parts could be ‘performed’ or read together for example Rhodopis’ song ‘Blow wind blow…’, Aesop’s story and conversations between the characters. This is not only good fun but can also help children gain a fuller understanding of the story and the language. Talk about the story - Talk about Aesop’s story of the tree and the reeds and how it helped Rhodopis survive. - Talk about parts of the story which are like other versions of Cinderella your child knows and parts which are different. - The story is beautifully written and illustrated – share favourite lines and favourite illustrations and talk about them. Things to make and do Plot the journey On a map or globe, retrace Rhodopis’ journey from Greece to Egypt. Make stick puppets Using the illustrations as a guide make stick puppets for Rhodopis and a few of the characters in one scene or part of the story. Be a storyteller Pretend to be storyteller like Aesop and take turns to tell the story of Rhodopis – look back at the pictures in the book to remember the sequence of events. Use your stick puppets when telling the story. Write a letter Write a letter from Rhodipus to her parents telling them all that has happened to her including marrying the Pharaoh. Make a scroll Make an extra scene for the story perhaps with Rhodopis’ parents reunited with her. Children could paint or draw this on a ‘scroll’ – a roll of paper (wallpaper lining paper would be ideal or two or three pieces of A4 stuck together) with a plant stick stuck on each side as if an Ancient Egypt papyrus scroll. Children could use the style of pictures in the book as inspiration. When they unroll the scroll you can talk about the scene they have drawn together. Find out more More versions of Cinderella Find out about more about versions throughout the world here For a familiar European story see Usborne Pop Up Fairy Tales Cinderella read aloud here For an award winning story app based on the European version of Cinderella see here: Find out more about Horus the Falcon God – scroll through this webpage to find information on Horus Read more of Aesop’s Fables here Also see The Orchard Book of Aesop’s Fables by Michael Morpurgo illustrated by Emma Chichester Clark Find out more about the author Beverley Naidoo and her other books here For an introduction to illustrator Marjan Vafaeian see here - Cinderella of the Nile picked as best diverse children’s books by The Evening Standard - Carnegie and Kate Greenaway chooses Cinderella of the Nile and The Drum to promote diversity! - Book Trust loves Cinderella of the Nile. Read their interview with Beverley Naidoo - Working with Tiny Owl has been a wonderful experience – Beverley Naidoo Visit our bookstore Download book posters Limited edition prints Subscribe to Tiny Owl on YouTube!
Outline: Term 3, 2014 It is literally the case that learning languages makes you smarter. The neural networks in the brain strengthen as a result of language learning. 1. What are the units called? La vie familial/ Un voyage dans le monde francophone. 2. How long are these unit taught for? These units is covered in unison for the entire term, beginning in Week 1. 3. What are we looking at/ doing? Our focus in Term 3 is family life, and we will exchange information in French about the following: - life with a French host family - past time and events - presents and souvenirs - goodbyes and thank yous We look at a number of common structures and expressions within this context, as well as continuing to extend our grammatical knowledge in areas such as the passé composé 4. What are we trying to achieve? is to further extend your son's understanding of the French language and culture, in ways that would be practical if he were to spend time in a French-speaking country. This year is the second year of elective language study, so your son will continue to have a more individualised program of study than in Stage 4. This ensures that your son has a sound foundation of language skills from which to work in Stage 6 French Continuers. continue to focus on the four skill areas of listening, reading, speaking and writing, and we try and incorporate all of these skills into each lesson. We also look at a wide range of songs, advertisements and other authentic material, to broaden your son general knowledge of French-speaking countries. 5. How will we measure success in this unit? There will be three assessment tasks completed over the course of the term: a) A listening and reading comprehension task, which revises the vocabulary and expressions for Unit 4 introduced in class. b) A speaking interview, to consolidate and practice the questions and responses learned. c) A cultural assignment on a French-speaking country other than France are all worked on in class, but your son will be asked to devote time at home in learning his speaking dialogue, in revising vocabulary, etc in the time up to a comprehension task and in completing his cultural assignment. 6. Where does homework fit in here? son will always have homework in French! Generally there will be a written activity to complete after each lesson and he must devote regular time in memorising the vocabulary and structures introduced in class. My suggestion is that he learns no more than 10 words each time. 7. How can I assist my son? a language takes time, but you don't need to know French yourself to be able to assist your son. For example, you can give him a mini vocabulary quiz, where you read out the English and he writes or says your son about French or other French-speaking countries is also really useful. It's important that he realises that for many people in the world, English isn't their first language. Please ask him about the similarities and differences he has learned in how the French and English languages are structured. It would also be helpful to discuss any news items relating to the French-speaking world. 8. How can you give us feedback? You are welcome to give me feedback about this unit. You can email me at firstname.lastname@example.org
A lot has happened in the three months since the U.S. National Historic Landmark Kate Chopin House was destroyed by fire. Much goes into a salvage effort of this scale, and you may be surprised that how much care has been taken with the remains of the building and of its surviving contents. Voices of the Past recently spoke with Dustin Fuqua of the heritage research organization Cultural Lore about his experience leading the rescue operation. Here are some of his insights on the topic. Any salvage operation is stressful, but cases where the structure defines the community are especially difficult. Rescue workers are faced with the challenges of limiting access to the site while being sensitive to the grief of the community. All the while, they must also be mindful that the structure and the heritage resources it contains are degrading by the minute. The situation is inherently unsafe from the get-go and will likely remain that way until the structure is taken down completely. Fires can reignite days after the initial event. Charred walls of brick or bousillage may crumble at any time. Rescuers use personal safety equipment like masks and gloves–and good sense as well–when approaching any salvage operation. The case of the Kate Chopin House was especially dire, with perhaps only 10 to 15 percent of the Bayou Folk Museum contents surviving in any recognizable condition. For those precious few objects that survive the fire, other environmental threats immediately arise. For paper objects soaked with water from fire trucks and lying amid the smoldering warmth of embers, mold blooms immediately and degrades the fibers. As the home of a famous writer, this structure had some very valuable paper items. So what to do? Believe it or not, rescuers wrapped the books in acid-free paper and put them in a freezer until they can be properly conserved. Freezing the items inhibits the growth of mold and prevents further environmental damage to the paper. Metal objects are affected by the warm, wet environment of a fire scene as well. Oxidation starts immediately, resulting in rust on metal objects that may have already been weakened by extreme heat. A quick, but careful removal operation is necessary to keep these objects from becoming further casualties of the disaster. As with many disasters, the path of destruction can take unexpected turns. For example, Dusty reports finding a stack of Confederate currency in good condition while huge pieces of 19th century furnishings were incinerated without a trace. The wooden objects that survive are also cared for, potentially for reintegration into a rebuilt structure or as a memorial. Thanks to the first response efforts of the Cultural Lore team, the NSU Masters of Heritage Resources program and the National Park Service, we will have some remnant by which to remember the Kate Chopin House and Bayou Folk Museum. But what’s happening now? I’ll tell you next week. In the meantime, you can read more about this project or contact Dusty through the Natchitoches Preservation Network website.
WISE's first brown (green?) dwarf Posted by Emily Lakdawalla 09-11-2010 17:05 CST Look at the center of this star-studded image and you'll find an emerald green dot. That is a nearby brown dwarf, bigger than a planet but barely a star, that's dimly glowing away at a temperature not a whole lot hotter than the inside of your oven. WISE scans the sky in infrared wavelengths, longer than the human eye can see, in which many things from stars to comets emit thermal radiation. Brown dwarfs are cooler than other stars, but warmer than most planets; this one is among the coolest known, with a temperature of about 600 Kelvin (330 Celsius, or 620 Fahrenheit). This warmth should cause it to glow in the shorter wavelengths to which WISE is sensitive, shown in green and blue in this image. (They don't specify the wavelengths, but WISE only senses four different ones; if the image is processed in the same way as the comet Siding Spring one was, 3.4-micron light is colored blue; 4.6-micron light is green; 12-micron light is orange; and 22-micron light is red.) But as the WISE team explains in their image caption, the methane in the brown dwarf's atmosphere absorbs light at the shortest wavelengths, so that the only channel in which it shows up in the WISE image is green. The exact distance to this tiny cold star isn't known, but they say it's relatively close, somewhere between 18 and 30 light years away. They've said since before launch that it's possible that WISE may yet discover brown dwarfs that are nearer to us than the nearest known stars. This one isn't that close; it'd have to be about 10 times nearer than it is to be closer than our nearest known stellar neighbor, and isn't going to make it onto Wikipedia's list of the 50 nearest stars. Still, it's not that far away as stars go, and we hadn't spotted it before WISE turned its infrared eyes on the heavens!
your child for in text ciatation mla reasearh essay a hands-on lesson in making healthier choices to teach your child about what's in his food. Discuss how a care for grammar aids your readers for understanding and engagement. Reviews will also be printed up for each student to take home to their family. In my case, I have an editor that helps make those final edits and revisions, but I owe it to her and my readers to take care with grammar and conventions. I often create a rubric with the help of my class and allow a student and teacher rating with room for feedback. Step 5: Use a sheet of chart paper to space settlement essay brainstorm ideas. Step 4: Model revision using the class-created review from Part 2, or use the Sample Student Food Review: Sparkling Grape Jell-O printable as an example. Prior to this exercise, purchase two different brands of one food or two completely different foods with a point of comparison. Part 4: Time to Clean Up Ready to Look Neat and Pretty Assessment Note : Writing rubrics can be a great resource for assessing your students' growth. Tell students that they are accountable for these components as they have been looking at them in detail. Students need time to refine what they have learned in class, and parents appreciate learning how you differentiate and modify your plans for their child through formative assessment. Step 4: Ask students if they can determine the purpose behind the piece shared. Advertisements, create a free website or blog. Assessment Note : Depending on how the first session went, you will want to model the above approach with several pieces until you feel confident that your students are grasping what to look for in a review. Many authors recommend a balance of rubric use. You may want to distribute the Food Review Lingo: The Language of Food Critics Word List printable for some more support. 1st Grade Worksheet Thanksgiving Food List Activity Thanksgiving Food List Help your child learn alphabetical order by making a food list in this fun Thanksgiving activity.
I'm Urdu speaking and my teacher said that I'm reciting the Quran in Urdu not in Arabic. My Fatah is not correct. Please help me in this regard. The Fathah, dhammah and kasrah are the three vowels in Arabic. They are the short versions of the three medd letters. Fathah is the short version of the ألف, dhammah is the short version of the واو and kasrah is the short version of the ياء. Each vowel requires an appropriate mouth and jaw movement to pronounce it properly. Fathah and ألف require opening of the mouth, the dhammah and واو are pronounced by circling of the two lips and the kasra and ياء need retraction of the jaw. Among the common mistakes many non-Arabs have in their fathah and alif is that they make them heavy or they don’t open their mouth enough while pronouncing them. In order to understand the heavy fathahs or alifaat, we need to know the light and heavy letters in the Arabic alphabet. There are seven letters of tafkheem (heavy letters) grouped in the phrase: خص ضغط قظ . They have the characteristic of استعلاء that makes them have tafkheem ( heaviness). The rest of the letters in the Arabic alphabet have the characteristic of استفال and they are read wtih tarqeeq (lightness or no takhfeem). The reader should therefore always pronounce the استفال letters lightly (meaning not heavy). The letter ألف follows that which precedes it, so it should also be pronounced lightly if preceded by a letter which is read lightly (no tafkheem). The detailed lessons on these characteristics and the rules of heavy and light letters can be studied on the following links: Here are some tips to pronounce fathah and alif correctly when they are light. The reader should open his/her mouth moderately. The upper and lower jaw as well as both sets of teeth should be separated and must not be touching each other. The tongue should be kept flat and its deepest part must not be raised. The sound should be pushed out of the mouth so there is no echo in the mouth. There should not be any pressure on the throat with alif since the articulation point of alif is Jawf, not the throat. May Allah help you and all Muslims to read the Qur’an in the way it was revealed to Rasul Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
Jayasankar, P (1998) Ornamental fish culture and trade: current status and prospects. Fishing Chimes, 17 (12). pp. 9-13. Ornamental fishes are often called as 'living jewell; due to their colour, shape, behaviour and origin. They are peaceful, generally tiny available in attractive colours and capable ofliving in confmed spaces. In China aquarium fish keeping has been a hobby from ancient times. \|Uncontrolled Keywords:\|\|Ornamental fish; culture; Ornamental fish trade\| \|Subjects:\|\|Aquaculture > Ornamental Fishes\| \|Divisions:\|\|CMFRI-Cochin > Mariculture Subject Areas > CMFRI Brochures > CMFRI-Cochin > Mariculture \|Depositing User:\|\|Arun Surendran\| \|Date Deposited:\|\|05 Feb 2011 06:18\| \|Last Modified:\|\|09 Sep 2015 15:43\| Actions (login required)
What is food poisoning? Food poisoning (also known as food-borne illness) occurs when you eat or drink something that contains harmful germs (bacteria, viruses or parasites). Sometimes bacteria produce a toxin in food and it’s the toxin that causes the problem. Poisoning, Envenomation, and Trauma from Marine Creatures by RA Perkins, M.D., M.P.H. and SS Morgan, M.D. (American Family Physician February 15, 2004, http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040215/885.html) Written by familydoctor.org editorial staff
Wind Speed: 10 knots Temp with wind chill: -40°C In my last blog I talked about boxes in waiting and the setting up of my workbench here in the Hillary Field Centre at Scott Base. Now I will talk about where the boxes came from and what will happen to them. Ever since they were used by Sir Ernest Shackleton to build a garage and stables outside the expedition base for his 1907-1909 British Antarctic (Nimrod) Expedition, these boxes have survived in one of the harshest climates on earth. Most of them still contain the original food. The food however has become an environmental risk as the boxes disintegrate and without intervention most of them would be lost to the environment very soon. Remains of the east wall of the stables © AHT Over the summer months we have spent several weeks dismantling and excavating the structures, packing the individual boxes up and transporting them to Scott Base for conservation. This also included creating a very detailed record about the condition and location of every single item. It allows us to return the conserved boxes next year to their original location. They are now stored in their frozen state until we are ready to thaw them and look at their content for the first time in more than 100 years. Diana gets a box ready for travel © AHT
Byssinosis is an industrial disease (also known as Brown Lung) that is brought on by breathing in the dust from vegetable fibres such as flax, hemp, cotton dust or sisal while in the workplace. The dust can be retained and cause an asthma type condition in the sufferer. Workers in the textile industry are at risk of developing byssinosis if the workplace is not adequately ventilated. It is unknown whether it is the cotton dust or the endotoxins that exist in the bacteria on the cotton dust that cause byssinosis. Depending on the severity and prolonged nature of the exposure, any symptoms may disappear at the end of the working day or in the more severe cases they will persist permanently. Symptoms can include - - Breathing difficulties - Chest tightness Most importantly, if an individual is suffering from byssinosis it is imperative that exposure to the source of the dust is stopped. Ensuring that the workplace in well ventilated should help to prevent any incidence of byssinosis. If byssinosis has been diagnosed by a medical professional then it is possible that bronchodilators and/or corticosteroids will be prescribed and in more severe cases the use of nebulizers may be necessary along with home oxygen therapy. A possible complication that may develop due to contracting byssinosis is chronic bronchitis in the sufferer.
The Japanese ethnic groups While Japan loves to consider itself as a nation of "pure blood," its population is still composed of several minorities, just like any modern or developing country. These minorities contribute to Japan’s diversity, yet they remain rejected by their adopting country. Before becoming the country we know today, Japan was divided into several ethnic groups. Some of them disappeared or totally blended into other groups—we cannot even distinguish them for the current population. Others still exist today and are presented as minorities, compared to the major population: the Yamato people. The Yamato represent the modern Japanese population. The term 大和, created in the 4th century, marked the social and cultural differences from other ethnic groups, which were still perceived from the settlement of the Yamato people in Japan. They would have come from Asia during prehistorical eras. Today, there are still debates about whether the Yamato people, forming the vast majority of the Japanese population today, came from China and Korea, the Ainu came from Russia/Siberia and Mongolia, and the Ryukyu people came from Polynesian islands. This is not really appreciated among Japanese people, toward whom we should talk about the topic delicately. Ever since Chinese culture arrived in Japan, quickly followed by Korean culture, there has been an idea that Japanese culture has not only come from the archipelago. We can find: - strong inspirations in the language (Chinese writing, Korean grammar, etc.), - Buddhist spirituality, and - the dynastic model. The term "Yamato" designates Japan as much it does the language. It sets the majority of Japanese apart from other groups. After first settling in Nara, Yamato people experienced a remarkable expansion and continuously pushed the Ainu north, up to Hokkaido, where they still live now. Today, as the term "Yamato" has a strong negative and racist connotation, the famous 和 wa is widely used, with the 人 jin suffix, used for a population, when we want to distinguish Japanese-Japanese from Ainu-Japanese, or Ryukyu-Japanese. アイヌ Ainu people were living on the archipelago before the Yamato arrived from the southwest. Indeed, they firstly came from northern Asia, Russia, Siberia, and Mongolia. This people firstly settled everywhere in Japan. They were called Emishi (as used in Princess Mononoke) before diverse groups arrived and became scattered. While a certain mutual understanding first existed, the Emishi were eradicated by the Yamato by refusing to obey the empire being created. Their origin and affiliation with other ethnic groups are difficult to define. They possess diverse genetic markers showing their differences from "pure" Japanese people, yet they also possess specific markers that can be found in every Japanese person. Ainu were firstly forced to stop living their culture and speaking their language, and the specificity of this group has disappeared little by little. While this oppression forced them to erase numerous social and cultural aspects, and Ainu today tend to hide their origin, Ainu culture continues and is starting to be recognized in modern Japan. Mostly farmers, fishermen or hunters, Ainu used to possess numerous rites of passage, as we can see in Mongolia. They number about 30,000 individuals and keep on trying to find recognition, so that Japan will start to know them. This is the same story for another ethnic group on the opposite side of Japan: the Ryukyu. They used to possess their own independent kingdom. Just like the Ainu, they still exist in the extreme southern islands of Japan and are looking for recognition and rights to speak an almost extinct language. There is finally another major cultural group, more a caste than an ethnic group: the 部落民 Burakumin, the "untouchables" of Japan. They are considered an "untouchable" societal caste, as they do work that nobody else wants, due to religious criteria, forbidden practices, or the degrading jobs. Here, Burakumin were untouchable as their work included handling blood, animal or human, which was forbidden by Buddhism in feudal times. They were pushed aside by society and could not interact with the rest of Japanese people. This subject still happens to be delicate. Today, they are still outcasts of society (they represent two-thirds of the biggest yakuza families). A recently passed law forbids segregation of this minority, yet it exists through deeply anchored, hard-to-forget cultural practices. Due to this past, Burakumin still undergo discrimination today, mostly based on stereotypes, and it can be difficult for them to find a job or a place to live outside of their ghettos where they live. Even if the government tries to help them, the best for them is to blend into the majority and to change opinions and points of view from the inside. This diversity, which is somehow not totally accepted by a timid Japan, allows one to discover the anthill under the country’s wise surface.
“YOU! Guess what? Money is important! If you don't have it, your weapons will rust, and you can't fight without your weapons! —A Villager in Chapter 1 of Fire Emblem: Binding Blade Gold ( ゴールド)is the currency used in the Fire Emblem series to buy various weapons and items at armories and shops and is often abbreviated simply as "G". In certain cases, gold is even needed to recruit characters. There are several ways to earn gold. You can sell items at shops or the battle preparations screen. An example would be the various gems you can find (i.e. Red Gems, Blue Gems, e.t.c), either by stealing from enemies, taking from chests or selling the ones that come with the characters. You can also get gold directly from chests. Some enemies may drop gold upon defeat such as the monsters from the Tower of Valni. If you fight in an arena and win, that would also earn you some gold at the risk of losing your character. Various villages may provide gold if they are visited by one of your characters. Lastly, some story events will also give you gold to spend. The amount of gold you have affects the Funds rating in various games in the series such as Fire Emblem: Rekka no Ken and Fire Emblem: Binding Blade. To have a high Funds rating, it is advised that you do not sell your gems or any unused promotional items. The game determines the amount of gold you have by taking the worth of all the items in your inventory and adding it to the gold you have. If you sell an item, you usually get half the gold it was worth, so keeping an item instead of selling it helps twice as much with your Funds rating. In most games, gold is a mass fund that every character has access to, meaning that when any character receives gold, any other character can use it to buy items. This is different in Fire Emblem: Genealogy of the Holy War, where every character has their own gold. In that game there is a 50,000 gold limit for every character, and gold can only be traded between characters that are in love.
By: Isabel Maternowski, Community Organizing Intern In the 1930s the federal government redlined black neighborhoods across the United States. A ‘Forgotten History’ Of How The U.S. Government Segregated America: NPR. These neighborhoods were labeled as “hazardous” and “risky” investments. People living in these areas were denied access to federally supported mortgages, bank loans, and other forms of credit. This perpetuated a cycle of disinvestment and abuse has negatively impacted communities of color, to this day. Richmond, Virginia is one example of the hundreds of American cities suffering from the legacy of Redlining. How Decades of Racist Housing Policy Left Neighborhoods Sweltering – The New York Times (nytimes.com) Almost one hundred years later, these Redlined districts now represent the “heat islands” within the city of Richmond, especially in the summer. What are Heat Islands? “Heat islands” have very few trees and an abundance of heat-absorbing concrete. Redlined neighborhoods are an average of five degrees hotter than non-Redlined neighborhoods. Studies Find Redlining Linked To More Heat, Fewer Trees In Cities Nationwide : NPR . These low-income residential areas generally contain the highest concentrations of Black and Brown residents. Red-lined districts turned “heat islands” are ubiquitous or found everywhere across the United States while the predominantly White neighborhoods have a bounty of trees and parks that keep the residents happy, healthy and much cooler in the summer. Unfortunately, our country’s toxic environmental history of systemic abuse of people of color extends to all areas for individuals living in these “heat islands”. As we have seen and are currently seeing, the health impacts of high temperatures are very serious. In Richmond, Virginia more than 2,000 Black residents are living in low-income public housing without air conditioning. These ZIP codes have the highest rates of heat related ambulance calls in the city. Despite all of the resistance from cities to change, there is however, a slow push, that can be noted in Richmond’s environmental justice movement, to assist these residents. We now can look at Richmond’s initiatives and how it has utilized the three dimensions of environmental justice to better understand how the legacy of Redlining can begin to be dismantled. The first dimension of Environmental Justice is Procedural Justice which relates to the idea of fairness, public inclusivity on decision making, and equal allocation of resources. Procedural Justice is being facilitated by officials in Richmond’s Sustainability Office. This office is currently engaged in an “intensive listening process” with neighbors. They want to hear the concerns of the people as they work to create a climate action and resilience plan with racial equity at its core. It is critical to include the people most affected in the process of change. This strategy should be implemented at all levels of government across the nation. The study “Equity, environmental justice and sustainability: incomplete approaches in climate change politics” by Jekwu Ikeme describes the dimensions of environmental justice more thoroughly. Distributive Justice aims to provide equal protection and equal access. In Richmond, a new mapping tool has been released that shows how the heat and flooding disproportionately impact communities of color. The City of Richmond also has announced a goal that ensures everyone within the city limits has only a ten-minute walking distance to a park from where they live. The city is also working with the Science Museum of Virginia and community partners to identify the most vulnerable areas that can be converted into green space. The city EJ movement concludes with Corrective Justice initiatives, which address previous harms and structures that are contributing factors to ongoing inequalities, with a long-term master plan which was drafted in June 2020. The plan calls for an increase in tree canopies (parts of a city that are shaded by trees), redesigning buildings to improve airflow, reduction in the number of paved lots, and using a light color pavement, which would reflect back the sunlight that hits it. This is the city’s first large-scale “greening project” since the 1970s. What we are learning is that cities across America can benefit from increased green spaces psychologically, restoratively and environmentally. Green spaces are transformative, as it helps cool down areas, lower electric bills, lower risk of death, filter air pollution, and reduce stress. Redlining is a historic and toxic force that not only shaped some American cities but continues to put lives in danger. The long-term impacts of Redlining are forms of institutionalized racism. By looking at the example of Richmond, Virginia, we can begin to see how much of an impact procedural, distributive, and corrective justice can have to start to remediate the blatant inequities that these communities face. By embracing the three dimensions of Environmental Justice, political and social initiatives become powerful forces that can contribute to profound shifts in our society and disrupt the cycles of systemic Environmental Injustice. Photo Credit: Nelson, Winling, Marciano, Connolly, et al./Mapping Inequality By Gregory Kolen II. Environmental justice is an issue that affects everyone, but those who bear the brunt of it are often the most vulnerable
Today, we’re going to learn some words that start with B. Not a bee that buzzes by, but the letter b, you see! Sometimes the letter b can be small, but a capital B, it stands tall. Learning new things is always a joy and B should be known by every girl and boy. What’s your favorite food? Mine’s a banana since I was a baby. Do you like bread? Or a burger, maybe? Well, I bet you’ve seen some boots. But have you seen them on a bear? Big black boots are this bear’s favorite pair. He wears his boots when he plays ball, but you know what? That’s not all. He wears them when he rides the bus. A bear on a bus? Don’t make a fuss! What starts with B and can float in the water? Why, it’s a boat. But what can float in the air? A big blue balloon. Can you see one there? Anyway, that’s it for B. Do you know which letter is number 3?
i learned to identify a tree in my garden with the indentification key from NHM. but it hasn't fruit and flower now ecept leafs. leafs is not enough to identify it. how should i do to indentify it in this cases? thanks. In general, with any living organism, you may not have enough information to identify it completely. In these cases, you have to accept an incomplete identification. That may mean you know it is one of a few particular species, or you may know just the genus, or maybe even just the family. In this case, I have just your photos as information. I can tell from these that it is a species of Fraxinus, and I would guess Fraxinus excelsior, the common ash. I say that based on: - the shape of the leaves - the arrangement of leaves on the stems - the nature of the bark - the nature of the bud scales (the buds now having expanded and given rise to new branches) - its jizz In all those things, I am using experience. Everybody's experience is different. I may have more than you, but other folks will have more than me. To answer your 'How should i do to indentify it in this cases?' 1. Accept that it might not be possible 2. Accept that it might be possible to make only a partial ID, eg. as far as genus 3. Consider some of the things I menion above 4. Consider other things, eg.: - look for old fruit/seeds/flowers below the tree (they may be decomposing but they can still be useful) - consider the acidity of the soil (some plants grow only on acid or on basic soils) - consider the location (some plants have limited distributions) - consider the environment (some plants live in particular settings, eg. woodland) 5. Refer to books and online information resources