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[ "Pope John Paul II", "manner of death", "natural causes" ]
On Saturday, 2 April 2005, at approximately 15:30 CEST, John Paul II spoke his final words in Polish, "Pozwólcie mi odejść do domu Ojca" ("Allow me to depart to the house of the Father"), to his aides, and fell into a coma about four hours later. The Mass of the vigil of the Second Sunday of Easter commemorating the ca...
manner of death
44
[ "cause of death", "mode of death", "method of death", "way of dying", "circumstances of death" ]
null
null
[ "Pope John Paul II", "educated at", "Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas" ]
Priesthood After finishing his studies at the seminary in Kraków, Wojtyła was ordained as a priest on All Saints' Day, 1 November 1946, by the archbishop of Kraków, cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha. Sapieha sent Wojtyła to Rome's Pontifical International Athenaeum Angelicum, the future Pontifical University of Saint Thomas...
educated at
56
[ "studied at", "graduated from", "attended", "enrolled at", "completed education at" ]
null
null
[ "Pope John Paul II", "participant in", "October 1978 papal conclave" ]
Papacy Election In August 1978, following the death of Pope Paul VI, Wojtyła voted in the papal conclave, which elected John Paul I. John Paul I died after only 33 days as pope, triggering another conclave.The second conclave of 1978 started on 14 October, ten days after the funeral. It was split between two strong can...
participant in
50
[ "engaged in", "involved in", "took part in", "played a role in", "contributed to" ]
null
null
[ "Pope John Paul II", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Ukrainian" ]
Early life Karol Józef Wojtyła was born in the Polish town of Wadowice. He was the youngest of three children born to Karol Wojtyła (1879–1941), an ethnic Pole, and Emilia Kaczorowska (1884–1929), who was of distant Lithuanian heritage. Emilia, who was a schoolteacher, died from a heart attack and kidney failure in 192...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Pope John Paul II", "participant in", "World Youth Day 1985" ]
World Youth Days As an extension of his successful work with youth as a young priest, John Paul II pioneered the international World Youth Days. John Paul II presided over nine of them: Rome (1985 and 2000), Buenos Aires (1987), Santiago de Compostela (1989), Częstochowa (1991), Denver (1993), Manila (1995), Paris (199...
participant in
50
[ "engaged in", "involved in", "took part in", "played a role in", "contributed to" ]
null
null
[ "Pope John Paul II", "participant in", "Second Vatican Council" ]
Social and political stances John Paul II was considered a conservative on doctrine and issues relating to human sexual reproduction and the ordination of women. While he was visiting the United States in 1977, the year before becoming pope, Wojtyła said: "All human life, from the moments of conception and through all ...
participant in
50
[ "engaged in", "involved in", "took part in", "played a role in", "contributed to" ]
null
null
[ "Pope John Paul II", "place of birth", "Wadowice" ]
Early life Karol Józef Wojtyła was born in the Polish town of Wadowice. He was the youngest of three children born to Karol Wojtyła (1879–1941), an ethnic Pole, and Emilia Kaczorowska (1884–1929), who was of distant Lithuanian heritage. Emilia, who was a schoolteacher, died from a heart attack and kidney failure in 192...
place of birth
42
[ "birthplace", "place of origin", "native place", "homeland", "birth city" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "instance of", "human" ]
Skills Tibor Sekelj was adroit at a wide range of skills: journalist, explorer, adventurer, mountaineer, writer, drawer, filmmaker, geographer, ethnologist, museologist, polyglot and actor on the political stage, relating to politicians including aforementioned heads of state. His defense and promotion of Esperanto at ...
instance of
5
[ "type of", "example of", "manifestation of", "representation of" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "native language", "Hungarian" ]
Polyglot Sekelj learned 25 languages and countless dialects, of which he retained nine at the end of his life: Hungarian, Serbian, German, Esperanto, Italian, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese. Of these he wrote extensively in Spanish, Esperanto and the Serbo-Croatian, He was an interpreter on his travels and as pa...
native language
46
[ "mother tongue", "first language", "mother language", "primary language", "L1" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Esperanto" ]
Polyglot Sekelj learned 25 languages and countless dialects, of which he retained nine at the end of his life: Hungarian, Serbian, German, Esperanto, Italian, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese. Of these he wrote extensively in Spanish, Esperanto and the Serbo-Croatian, He was an interpreter on his travels and as pa...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "writing language", "Esperanto" ]
Works The works of Tibor Sekelj, novels and recordings of his travels, contain interesting ethnographic observations. He also wrote guides and essays on Esperanto, the international language. The majority of his books were originally written in Esperanto, but were translated into many national languages. Tibor Sekelj i...
writing language
47
[ "written in", "language used in writing", "written using", "written with", "script" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "French" ]
Biography Youth 1912–1939 Sekelj's father served as a veterinarian in the Austro-Hungarian Army and as a result the family moved around extensively. Several months after Tibor's birth the family moved to Cenei (now in Romania), where Tibor lived until he was ten years old. While Hungarian was his "mother tongue", the c...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "occupation", "writer" ]
Skills Tibor Sekelj was adroit at a wide range of skills: journalist, explorer, adventurer, mountaineer, writer, drawer, filmmaker, geographer, ethnologist, museologist, polyglot and actor on the political stage, relating to politicians including aforementioned heads of state. His defense and promotion of Esperanto at ...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "German" ]
Polyglot Sekelj learned 25 languages and countless dialects, of which he retained nine at the end of his life: Hungarian, Serbian, German, Esperanto, Italian, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese. Of these he wrote extensively in Spanish, Esperanto and the Serbo-Croatian, He was an interpreter on his travels and as pa...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Spanish" ]
Polyglot Sekelj learned 25 languages and countless dialects, of which he retained nine at the end of his life: Hungarian, Serbian, German, Esperanto, Italian, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese. Of these he wrote extensively in Spanish, Esperanto and the Serbo-Croatian, He was an interpreter on his travels and as pa...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "place of death", "Subotica" ]
1972–1988: Director of museum in Subotica In 1972, he took a four-year job as head curator of the Municipal Museum in Subotica (Serbia – Vojvodina). In the later 1970s he took advanced studies in museology in Zagreb University leading to a doctorate (in 1976). His innovative ideas and projects found little support, an...
place of death
45
[ "location of death", "death place", "place where they died", "place of passing", "final resting place" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Hungarian" ]
Subsequent world trips based from Europe 1954–1988 In 1954 Sekelj returned to his home in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. He was given a warm welcome by the local government and its people, as much for his humanitarian message as for his fascinating travelogues. Along with his countless newspaper articles, his books were transl...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Italian" ]
Polyglot Sekelj learned 25 languages and countless dialects, of which he retained nine at the end of his life: Hungarian, Serbian, German, Esperanto, Italian, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese. Of these he wrote extensively in Spanish, Esperanto and the Serbo-Croatian, He was an interpreter on his travels and as pa...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "educated at", "University of Zagreb" ]
1972–1988: Director of museum in Subotica In 1972, he took a four-year job as head curator of the Municipal Museum in Subotica (Serbia – Vojvodina). In the later 1970s he took advanced studies in museology in Zagreb University leading to a doctorate (in 1976). His innovative ideas and projects found little support, an...
educated at
56
[ "studied at", "graduated from", "attended", "enrolled at", "completed education at" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "occupation", "Esperantist" ]
Skills Tibor Sekelj was adroit at a wide range of skills: journalist, explorer, adventurer, mountaineer, writer, drawer, filmmaker, geographer, ethnologist, museologist, polyglot and actor on the political stage, relating to politicians including aforementioned heads of state. His defense and promotion of Esperanto at ...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "occupation", "journalist" ]
Skills Tibor Sekelj was adroit at a wide range of skills: journalist, explorer, adventurer, mountaineer, writer, drawer, filmmaker, geographer, ethnologist, museologist, polyglot and actor on the political stage, relating to politicians including aforementioned heads of state. His defense and promotion of Esperanto at ...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "English" ]
Tibor Sekelj (14 February 1912 – 20 September 1988), also known as Székely Tibor according to Hungarian orthography, was a Hungarian born polyglot, explorer, author, and 'citizen of the world.' In 1986 he was elected a member of the Academy of Esperanto and an honorary member of the World Esperanto Association. Among h...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "occupation", "ethnologist" ]
Skills Tibor Sekelj was adroit at a wide range of skills: journalist, explorer, adventurer, mountaineer, writer, drawer, filmmaker, geographer, ethnologist, museologist, polyglot and actor on the political stage, relating to politicians including aforementioned heads of state. His defense and promotion of Esperanto at ...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "occupation", "explorer" ]
Tibor Sekelj (14 February 1912 – 20 September 1988), also known as Székely Tibor according to Hungarian orthography, was a Hungarian born polyglot, explorer, author, and 'citizen of the world.' In 1986 he was elected a member of the Academy of Esperanto and an honorary member of the World Esperanto Association. Among h...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Serbo-Croatian" ]
Biography Youth 1912–1939 Sekelj's father served as a veterinarian in the Austro-Hungarian Army and as a result the family moved around extensively. Several months after Tibor's birth the family moved to Cenei (now in Romania), where Tibor lived until he was ten years old. While Hungarian was his "mother tongue", the c...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "spouse", "Erzsébet Sekelj" ]
1972–1988: Director of museum in Subotica In 1972, he took a four-year job as head curator of the Municipal Museum in Subotica (Serbia – Vojvodina). In the later 1970s he took advanced studies in museology in Zagreb University leading to a doctorate (in 1976). His innovative ideas and projects found little support, an...
spouse
51
[ "partner" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Serbian" ]
Polyglot Sekelj learned 25 languages and countless dialects, of which he retained nine at the end of his life: Hungarian, Serbian, German, Esperanto, Italian, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese. Of these he wrote extensively in Spanish, Esperanto and the Serbo-Croatian, He was an interpreter on his travels and as pa...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "member of", "Academy of Esperanto" ]
Tibor Sekelj (14 February 1912 – 20 September 1988), also known as Székely Tibor according to Hungarian orthography, was a Hungarian born polyglot, explorer, author, and 'citizen of the world.' In 1986 he was elected a member of the Academy of Esperanto and an honorary member of the World Esperanto Association. Among h...
member of
55
[ "part of", "belonging to", "affiliated with", "associated with", "connected to" ]
null
null
[ "Tibor Sekelj", "member of", "Association of Esperantophone Writers" ]
Work for Esperanto Sekelj devoted much of his life to the defense and promotion of Esperanto. A Committee member of UEA since 1946, he sought for over thirty years—with a brief break while skirmishing with Ivo Lapenna) over its activity within the Instituto por Oficialigo de Esperanto (IOE), to be part of all the unive...
member of
55
[ "part of", "belonging to", "affiliated with", "associated with", "connected to" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "notable work", "Esperanto" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
notable work
73
[ "masterpiece", "landmark", "tour de force", "most significant work", "famous creation" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "writing language", "Esperanto" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
writing language
47
[ "written in", "language used in writing", "written using", "written with", "script" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "residence", "Warsaw" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
residence
49
[ "living place", "dwelling", "abode", "habitat", "domicile" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "languages spoken, written or signed", "French" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "place of death", "Warsaw" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
place of death
45
[ "location of death", "death place", "place where they died", "place of passing", "final resting place" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "writing language", "Russian" ]
For two years, he tried to raise funds to publish a booklet describing the language, until he received the financial help from his future wife's father. In 1887, the book titled Международный язык. Предисловие и полный учебникъ (International language: Introduction and complete textbook) was published in Russian under ...
writing language
47
[ "written in", "language used in writing", "written using", "written with", "script" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "residence", "Białystok" ]
Honours and namesakes In 1905, Zamenhof received the Légion d'honneur for creating Esperanto. In 1910, Zamenhof was first nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, by four British Members of Parliament (including James O'Grady and Philip Snowden) and Professor Stanley Lane Poole. (The Prize was instead awarded to the Intern...
residence
49
[ "living place", "dwelling", "abode", "habitat", "domicile" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Polish" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "native language", "Russian" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
native language
46
[ "mother tongue", "first language", "mother language", "primary language", "L1" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "native language", "Yiddish" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
native language
46
[ "mother tongue", "first language", "mother language", "primary language", "L1" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "child", "Lidia Zamenhof" ]
Family Zamenhof and his wife Klara Silbernik raised three children, a son, Adam, and two daughters, Zofia and Lidia. All three were murdered in the Holocaust.Lidia Zamenhof in particular took a keen interest in Esperanto, and as an adult became a teacher of the language, traveling through Europe and to America to teach...
child
39
[ "offspring", "progeny", "issue", "descendant", "heir" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "country of citizenship", "Russian Empire" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
country of citizenship
63
[ "citizenship country", "place of citizenship", "country of origin", "citizenship nation", "country of citizenship status" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "residence", "Veisiejai" ]
Biography Early years Zamenhof was born on 15 December 1859, the son of Mark and Rozalia Zamenhof (née Sofer), in the multi-ethnic city of Belostok (now Białystok in Poland). At that time, the city was in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire. His parents were of Litvak Jewish descent. He appears to have been na...
residence
49
[ "living place", "dwelling", "abode", "habitat", "domicile" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "occupation", "physician" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "religion or worldview", "Homaranismo" ]
Religious philosophy Besides his linguistic work, Zamenhof published a religious philosophy he called Homaranismo (the term in Esperanto, usually rendered as "humanitism" in English, sometimes rendered loosely as humanitarianism or humanism), based on the principles and teachings of Hillel the Elder. He said of Homaran...
religion or worldview
40
[ "faith", "belief system", "creed", "philosophy", "ideology" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "child", "Zofia Zamenhof" ]
Family Zamenhof and his wife Klara Silbernik raised three children, a son, Adam, and two daughters, Zofia and Lidia. All three were murdered in the Holocaust.Lidia Zamenhof in particular took a keen interest in Esperanto, and as an adult became a teacher of the language, traveling through Europe and to America to teach...
child
39
[ "offspring", "progeny", "issue", "descendant", "heir" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "nominated for", "Nobel Peace Prize" ]
Honours and namesakes In 1905, Zamenhof received the Légion d'honneur for creating Esperanto. In 1910, Zamenhof was first nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, by four British Members of Parliament (including James O'Grady and Philip Snowden) and Professor Stanley Lane Poole. (The Prize was instead awarded to the Intern...
nominated for
103
[ "up for", "shortlisted for", "in the running for", "selected for", "contending for" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "given name", "Lazarus" ]
Biography Early years Zamenhof was born on 15 December 1859, the son of Mark and Rozalia Zamenhof (née Sofer), in the multi-ethnic city of Belostok (now Białystok in Poland). At that time, the city was in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire. His parents were of Litvak Jewish descent. He appears to have been na...
given name
60
[ "first name", "forename", "given title", "personal name" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "family name", "Zamenhof" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
family name
54
[ "surname", "last name", "patronymic", "family surname", "clan name" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "given name", "Ludwik" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
given name
60
[ "first name", "forename", "given title", "personal name" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "sex or gender", "male" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
sex or gender
65
[ "biological sex", "gender identity", "gender expression", "sexual orientation", "gender classification" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "movement", "Esperanto movement" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
movement
87
[ "motion", "activity", "progression", "advancement", "mobility" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "field of work", "ophthalmology" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
field of work
20
[ "profession", "occupation", "area of expertise", "specialization" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "mother", "Rozalia Zamenhof" ]
Biography Early years Zamenhof was born on 15 December 1859, the son of Mark and Rozalia Zamenhof (née Sofer), in the multi-ethnic city of Belostok (now Białystok in Poland). At that time, the city was in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire. His parents were of Litvak Jewish descent. He appears to have been na...
mother
52
[ "mom", "mommy", "mum", "mama", "parent" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "spouse", "Klara Zamenhof" ]
Family Zamenhof and his wife Klara Silbernik raised three children, a son, Adam, and two daughters, Zofia and Lidia. All three were murdered in the Holocaust.Lidia Zamenhof in particular took a keen interest in Esperanto, and as an adult became a teacher of the language, traveling through Europe and to America to teach...
spouse
51
[ "partner" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "occupation", "Esperantist" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "father", "Markus Zamenhof" ]
Biography Early years Zamenhof was born on 15 December 1859, the son of Mark and Rozalia Zamenhof (née Sofer), in the multi-ethnic city of Belostok (now Białystok in Poland). At that time, the city was in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire. His parents were of Litvak Jewish descent. He appears to have been na...
father
57
[ "dad", "daddy", "papa", "pop", "sire" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "different from", "Lejzer Zamenhof" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
different from
12
[ "not same as", "not identical to", "distinct from", "separate from", "unlike" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "occupation", "ophthalmologist" ]
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 – 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fas...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "L. L. Zamenhof", "family", "Zamenhof family" ]
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – pronounced [ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo] French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – pronounced [lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of] German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – pronounced [ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf] Hebrew: אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף...
family
41
[ "clan", "kinship", "lineage", "dynasty", "tribe" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "writing language", "Esperanto" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.
writing language
47
[ "written in", "language used in writing", "written using", "written with", "script" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "instance of", "human" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.Education and career Grabowski was born in Nowe Dobra, a village 10 km northeast of Cheł...
instance of
5
[ "type of", "example of", "manifestation of", "representation of" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "native language", "Polish" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.Education and career Grabowski was born in Nowe Dobra, a village 10 km northeast of Cheł...
native language
46
[ "mother tongue", "first language", "mother language", "primary language", "L1" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "given name", "Antoni" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.Education and career Grabowski was born in Nowe Dobra, a village 10 km northeast of Cheł...
given name
60
[ "first name", "forename", "given title", "personal name" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "sex or gender", "male" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.Education and career Grabowski was born in Nowe Dobra, a village 10 km northeast of Cheł...
sex or gender
65
[ "biological sex", "gender identity", "gender expression", "sexual orientation", "gender classification" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "occupation", "Esperantist" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.Esperanto and literature In 1887 he studied the booklet Dr. Esperanto's International La...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "place of birth", "Nowe Dobra, Chełmno County" ]
Education and career Grabowski was born in Nowe Dobra, a village 10 km northeast of Chełmno. Soon after his birth, the family moved from Nowe Dobra to Thorn, Prussia (now Toruń, Poland). Due to his parents' poverty, Grabowski had to start working soon after leaving elementary school. Nevertheless, he prepared himself, ...
place of birth
42
[ "birthplace", "place of origin", "native place", "homeland", "birth city" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "occupation", "chemical engineer" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.Education and career Grabowski was born in Nowe Dobra, a village 10 km northeast of Cheł...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "occupation", "translator" ]
Esperanto and literature In 1887 he studied the booklet Dr. Esperanto's International Language: Introduction & Complete Grammar, published in the same year by Ludwik L. Zamenhof, which outlined Zamenhof's ambitious language project— soon to become known by the name Esperanto. Impressed by the transparent structure of ...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "family name", "Grabowski" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.Education and career Grabowski was born in Nowe Dobra, a village 10 km northeast of Cheł...
family name
54
[ "surname", "last name", "patronymic", "family surname", "clan name" ]
null
null
[ "Antoni Grabowski", "manner of death", "natural causes" ]
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.
manner of death
44
[ "cause of death", "mode of death", "method of death", "way of dying", "circumstances of death" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "instance of", "human" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
instance of
5
[ "type of", "example of", "manifestation of", "representation of" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "writing language", "Esperanto" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
writing language
47
[ "written in", "language used in writing", "written using", "written with", "script" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "country of citizenship", "Switzerland" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
country of citizenship
63
[ "citizenship country", "place of citizenship", "country of origin", "citizenship nation", "country of citizenship status" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "occupation", "writer" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "religion or worldview", "Quakers" ]
Esperanto activity Having already learned Esperanto in childhood, Privat and fellow student Hector Hodler founded in 1903 the journal Juna Esperantisto (The Young Esperantist). Though still an adolescent in 1905, he walked 600 kilometres to participate in the first World Congress of Esperanto in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Franc...
religion or worldview
40
[ "faith", "belief system", "creed", "philosophy", "ideology" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "occupation", "historian" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "educated at", "University of Geneva" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
educated at
56
[ "studied at", "graduated from", "attended", "enrolled at", "completed education at" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "member of", "Swiss Esperanto Society" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
member of
55
[ "part of", "belonging to", "affiliated with", "associated with", "connected to" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "occupation", "Esperantist" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "occupation", "university teacher" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "occupation", "journalist" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "family name", "Privat" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
family name
54
[ "surname", "last name", "patronymic", "family surname", "clan name" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "position held", "President of the Universal Esperanto Association" ]
Esperanto activity Having already learned Esperanto in childhood, Privat and fellow student Hector Hodler founded in 1903 the journal Juna Esperantisto (The Young Esperantist). Though still an adolescent in 1905, he walked 600 kilometres to participate in the first World Congress of Esperanto in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Franc...
position held
59
[ "occupation", "job title", "post", "office", "rank" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "occupation", "peace activist" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Edmond Privat", "occupation", "esperantologist" ]
Edmond Privat (17 August 1889 – 28 August 1962) was a Francophone Swiss Esperantist. A historian, university professor, author, journalist and peace activist, he was a graduate of the University of Geneva and a lecturer for the World Peace Foundation. His collective works consist of original dramas, poems, stories, tex...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Hector Hodler", "family name", "Hodler" ]
Hector Hodler (1 October 1887, in Geneva – 31 March 1920, in Leysin, Switzerland) was a Swiss Esperantist who had a strong influence on the early Esperanto movement. Hodler was a son of the Swiss painter Ferdinand Hodler, who after a period of poverty became suddenly very well-to-do, and Augustine Dupin. As a 16-year-o...
family name
54
[ "surname", "last name", "patronymic", "family surname", "clan name" ]
null
null
[ "Hector Hodler", "member of", "Universal Esperanto Association" ]
Hector Hodler (1 October 1887, in Geneva – 31 March 1920, in Leysin, Switzerland) was a Swiss Esperantist who had a strong influence on the early Esperanto movement. Hodler was a son of the Swiss painter Ferdinand Hodler, who after a period of poverty became suddenly very well-to-do, and Augustine Dupin. As a 16-year-o...
member of
55
[ "part of", "belonging to", "affiliated with", "associated with", "connected to" ]
null
null
[ "Hector Hodler", "father", "Ferdinand Hodler" ]
Hector Hodler (1 October 1887, in Geneva – 31 March 1920, in Leysin, Switzerland) was a Swiss Esperantist who had a strong influence on the early Esperanto movement. Hodler was a son of the Swiss painter Ferdinand Hodler, who after a period of poverty became suddenly very well-to-do, and Augustine Dupin. As a 16-year-o...
father
57
[ "dad", "daddy", "papa", "pop", "sire" ]
null
null
[ "Hector Hodler", "mother", "Augustine Dupin" ]
Hector Hodler (1 October 1887, in Geneva – 31 March 1920, in Leysin, Switzerland) was a Swiss Esperantist who had a strong influence on the early Esperanto movement. Hodler was a son of the Swiss painter Ferdinand Hodler, who after a period of poverty became suddenly very well-to-do, and Augustine Dupin. As a 16-year-o...
mother
52
[ "mom", "mommy", "mum", "mama", "parent" ]
null
null
[ "Ivo Lapenna", "occupation", "Esperantist" ]
Ivo Lapenna (5 November 1909 in Split – 15 December 1987 in Copenhagen) was a Yugoslav-Dalmatian Italian law professor. Lapenna was a noted Esperanto speaker and served as the President of the World Esperanto Association between 1964 and 1974. Lapenna was highly regarded as an orator in Esperanto, authored a number of ...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Ivo Lapenna", "occupation", "university teacher" ]
Ivo Lapenna (5 November 1909 in Split – 15 December 1987 in Copenhagen) was a Yugoslav-Dalmatian Italian law professor. Lapenna was a noted Esperanto speaker and served as the President of the World Esperanto Association between 1964 and 1974. Lapenna was highly regarded as an orator in Esperanto, authored a number of ...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null
[ "Ivo Lapenna", "manner of death", "natural causes" ]
Ivo Lapenna (5 November 1909 in Split – 15 December 1987 in Copenhagen) was a Yugoslav-Dalmatian Italian law professor. Lapenna was a noted Esperanto speaker and served as the President of the World Esperanto Association between 1964 and 1974. Lapenna was highly regarded as an orator in Esperanto, authored a number of ...
manner of death
44
[ "cause of death", "mode of death", "method of death", "way of dying", "circumstances of death" ]
null
null
[ "Ivo Lapenna", "sex or gender", "male" ]
Ivo Lapenna (5 November 1909 in Split – 15 December 1987 in Copenhagen) was a Yugoslav-Dalmatian Italian law professor. Lapenna was a noted Esperanto speaker and served as the President of the World Esperanto Association between 1964 and 1974. Lapenna was highly regarded as an orator in Esperanto, authored a number of ...
sex or gender
65
[ "biological sex", "gender identity", "gender expression", "sexual orientation", "gender classification" ]
null
null
[ "Gaston Waringhien", "instance of", "human" ]
Gaston Waringhien (July 20, 1901 – December 20, 1991) was a French linguist, lexicographer, and Esperantist. He wrote poems as well as essays and books on linguistics. He was chairman of the Akademio de Esperanto.Other works Parnasa gvidlibro (with Kálmán Kalocsay, 1932) Kontribuo al poemkolekto Dekdu Poetoj, 1934 Plen...
instance of
5
[ "type of", "example of", "manifestation of", "representation of" ]
null
null
[ "Gaston Waringhien", "languages spoken, written or signed", "Esperanto" ]
Gaston Waringhien (July 20, 1901 – December 20, 1991) was a French linguist, lexicographer, and Esperantist. He wrote poems as well as essays and books on linguistics. He was chairman of the Akademio de Esperanto.
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Gaston Waringhien", "field of work", "Esperanto" ]
Gaston Waringhien (July 20, 1901 – December 20, 1991) was a French linguist, lexicographer, and Esperantist. He wrote poems as well as essays and books on linguistics. He was chairman of the Akademio de Esperanto.Other works Parnasa gvidlibro (with Kálmán Kalocsay, 1932) Kontribuo al poemkolekto Dekdu Poetoj, 1934 Plen...
field of work
20
[ "profession", "occupation", "area of expertise", "specialization" ]
null
null
[ "Gaston Waringhien", "languages spoken, written or signed", "French" ]
Gaston Waringhien (July 20, 1901 – December 20, 1991) was a French linguist, lexicographer, and Esperantist. He wrote poems as well as essays and books on linguistics. He was chairman of the Akademio de Esperanto.
languages spoken, written or signed
38
[ "linguistic abilities", "language proficiency", "language command" ]
null
null
[ "Gaston Waringhien", "native language", "French" ]
Gaston Waringhien (July 20, 1901 – December 20, 1991) was a French linguist, lexicographer, and Esperantist. He wrote poems as well as essays and books on linguistics. He was chairman of the Akademio de Esperanto.
native language
46
[ "mother tongue", "first language", "mother language", "primary language", "L1" ]
null
null
[ "Gaston Waringhien", "notable work", "Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto" ]
Gaston Waringhien (July 20, 1901 – December 20, 1991) was a French linguist, lexicographer, and Esperantist. He wrote poems as well as essays and books on linguistics. He was chairman of the Akademio de Esperanto.Books Plena Vortaro (1930) Plena Ilustrita Vortaro (1970)
notable work
73
[ "masterpiece", "landmark", "tour de force", "most significant work", "famous creation" ]
null
null
[ "Gaston Waringhien", "occupation", "Esperantist" ]
Gaston Waringhien (July 20, 1901 – December 20, 1991) was a French linguist, lexicographer, and Esperantist. He wrote poems as well as essays and books on linguistics. He was chairman of the Akademio de Esperanto.Other works Parnasa gvidlibro (with Kálmán Kalocsay, 1932) Kontribuo al poemkolekto Dekdu Poetoj, 1934 Plen...
occupation
48
[ "job", "profession", "career", "vocation", "employment" ]
null
null