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Höchstädt an der Donau
Höchstädt an der Donau
|• Mayor||Gerrit Maneth (FW)|
|• Total||37.45 km2 (14.46 sq mi)|
|Elevation||416 m (1,365 ft)|
|• Density||180/km2 (460/sq mi)|
|Time zone||CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)|
Höchstädt an der Donau is a town in the district of Dillingen, Bavaria, Germany. It is situated near the banks of the Danube River. It consists of the following suburbs: Höchstädt an der Donau, Deisenhofen, Oberglauheim, Schwennenbach and Sonderheim. The town is the seat of the municipal association Höchstädt an der Donau, which includes the towns Blindheim, Finningen, Lutzingen and Schwenningen.
In the early 18th century, the town was the site of two battles. The first Battle of Höchstädt (German: Schlacht von Höchstädt) on 20 September 1703 cost over 5,000 lives. A year later in 1704, the Battle of Blenheim (or Second Battle of Höchstädt also German: Schlacht von Höchstädt) between the Austrian and British forces (led by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy) on the one side, and Bavarian and French troops (commanded by Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, and the Comte de Tallard) on the other side.
The carnage of that battle was so horrific (over 20,000 men had died at the end of the day) that farmers are said to still dig up skulls from the fields today, as described in the poem After Blenheim, written by Robert Southey, which tells about children finding the skull of one of the "... many thousand men, said he, Were slain in that great victory."
In June 1800, the armies of the French First Republic, under command of Jean Victor Moreau, fought Habsburg regulars and Württemberg contingents, under the general command of Pál Kray. Kray had taken refuge in the fortress at Ulm; Moreau diverted his army to approach Ulm from the east and, after a small group of men captured a foothold on the northern bank of the Danube, his forces were able to move against the fortress on both sides of the river. At this battle, the culmination of the Danube Campaign of 1800, Moreau forced Kray to abandon Ulm and withdraw into eastern Bavaria.
- "Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes". Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik und Datenverarbeitung (in German). September 2018.
- Robert Southey, Minor Poems: Battle of Blenheim. Longmans, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1823, pp. 167-172, p. 168 cited.
- "Höchstädt", History of the Wars of the French Revolution: Including Sketches of the Civil History of Great Britain and France, from the Revolutionary Movements, 1788, to the Restoration of a General Peace, 1815, Kuhl, France, 1820, p. 183.
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2019-07-20T14:31:43Z
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(NECN) - Another Boston-area Dunkin Donuts has been robbed.
This latest hold-up happened Tuesday night in Boston’s West Roxbury neighborhood.
Boston Police tell us that a man entered the Dunkin Donuts on Washington Street just before 9:00 p.m., carrying a weapon and demanding money.
This is the 13th Dunkin Donuts to be robbed in eastern Massachusetts since March.
Dunkin' Donuts has offered a $2,500 reward for information leading to the arrest of a suspect.
|
2015-11-29T12:19:42Z
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(B Bennett/Getty Images)
Even on-ice deaths and murder charges couldn’t halt fighting’s popularity in hockey’s early years. And that blood lust has kept fisticuffs – from the Broad Street Bullies to goons – part of the game ever since.It’s fair to say that, for as long as the sport has existed, there’s been a connection between hockey and fighting. Indeed, the first indoor hockey game ever played – March 13, 1875, in Montreal – was followed by fisticuffs between players and spectators and others who wanted to use the arena for skating. And although there’s been no shortage of critics who decried it right from the start, fighting has, for better or worse, helped shape the destiny of the game from its earliest days. The first evidence hockey historians have of a fight in a game is from one of the first contests that took place in 1890 in Ontario. On Feb. 8, as part of a barnstorming tour of the province, the Rideau Hall Rebels (who played out of Ottawa) were taking on the Granite Hockey Club in Toronto when a major melee broke out. That fight was a prominent factor, if not the driving one, in the organization of hockey in Ontario. The next season, Arthur Stanley – the son of Stanley Cup founder Lord Stanley Preston, and a member of that Rideau team – convened with other prominent figures from Ottawa to form the Ontario Hockey Association. In that league-founding meeting, they made no bones about one of the reasons they required an organizing body. “Part of that meeting was to prevent the activities that happened in Toronto from happening again,” said Kevin Slater of the Society for International Hockey Research. “Specifically, they didn’t like getting their asses kicked.”
The newly formed OHA started with teams in Kingston, Ottawa, Toronto and Lindsay, but in less than a decade it mushroomed into an intermediate senior and junior division with some 50 teams situated from Petrolia in the east to Kingston in the west and past Barrie and Orillia in the north. There were competing leagues, however, including Toronto’s Bank Hockey League (in which talented players were often transferred to their bank’s head office to play teams from other financial institutions) and the International Professional Hockey League, the first pro organization in the sport’s history. Aggressive play was common throughout the different leagues from their inception, but the OHA – and the Toronto sports media it had a large hand in controlling – were frequent critics of untoward behavior.Why? In part, the reason was sociological. Toronto at the time was predominantly British, Protestant and proud of its “fair play at all times” credo. And those who played were often upper-class members of society who didn’t wish to be regarded as brutish. While it was uncouth, in theory, for players to lash out in games, it happened with frequency and was largely ignored. In other parts of the province (for instance, Kitchener, Ont., which was comprised largely of German immigrants) there was no similar mentality. A team in Ayr, Ont., in the early 1890s played on one of the smallest rinks (some 130 feet long by 50 feet wide) and built their team around large players and amped-up physicality. As a result, they never lost home games. But while the leagues that operated in other parts of Ontario embraced the baser nature of their players, the OHA steadfastly attempted to paint itself as above the fray when it came to fighting. Particularly vicious players such as Newsy Lalonde were publicly called on the carpet, and the Toronto media were used as megaphones to run down competing leagues as being barbaric. But according to Slater, whose book Trolley League: The Complete History of the Ontario Hockey League 1908-1911 is a look back at the pre-NHL days of hockey in the province, the criticism backfired on the OHA. “It was a big deal for a paper to say so-and-so play hockey in too rough a manner,” Slater said. “These papers would come out against the violence, but it didn’t do anything to clear up the violence, and the people came out in bigger numbers the bigger the hype got. The OHA was shooting itself in the foot a little bit, promoting the violence through their condemnation of it. It was like going to see the gladiators. Even though that’s not proper in society, that’s what people were going out to see.” In the time between the formation and flourishing of the OHA and the founding of the NHL in 1917, rules governing fights were intentionally vague, as were rules for every other game infraction. Referees held all the discretionary power in whom to punish, and as late as the 1919-20 season, the OHA didn’t have any rule specifically identifying fights as a problem to be dealt with. Instead, fights were covered under “unfair or rough play.” That doesn’t mean controversy didn’t abound. Toronto goalie Chuck Tyner was called into court for punching out a goal judge. Lalonde had a couple court dates of his own. Line brawls took place and on occasion police had to come on the ice to separate players. And there were deaths that scarred the game. In 1905, French-Canadian player Alcide Laurin died after being punched and hit in the head with a stick by Allan Loney in a game that took place in Eastern Ontario. Loney was charged with murder, but the charges were dropped. The most infamous on-ice death of that era took place in 1907 when Owen ‘Bud’ McCourt, a member of the Federal Amateur Hockey League’s Cornwall Royals, lost his life after being attacked by a number of Ottawa Victorias players. Ottawa forward Charles Masson was brought up on murder charges (later reduced to manslaughter) but was acquitted by an Ontario court. Nothing that took place before or after those court cases caused a fundamental shift away from fighting. So before the NHL played its first game, fighting and over-the-top violence was already entrenched in the sport. Slater believes that edge will remain in one shape or form. “When you have contact and manliness and aggression, there’s going to be a spillover, there are going to be fights,” Slater said. “It’s inevitable. As long as you’ve got guys swinging sticks and hitting someone else in the shins, you’re going to have people take exception to it.”
By the time the NHL formed in 1917, fighting was well established in both professional and amateur leagues across the continent. Yet it took five full years of operation before the NHL instituted a specific penalty for a punch-up – a five-minute penalty – but that didn’t stop players from going after each other. At that stage in the league’s history, virtually every player had to be tough enough to look after himself. Certain stars were less physical than others, but the best of the best had the capability of going off. Hall of Famer Sprague Cleghorn was arrested in 1922 as a member of the Montreal Canadiens and charged with aggravated assault for attacking Ottawa Senators defenseman Lionel Hitchman with his stick, and the stick-swinging fight between Maurice ‘Rocket’ Richard and Boston’s Hal Laycoe resulted in Richard’s suspension and the infamous Montreal riot of 1955. “They didn’t need the fighters on the Canadiens, because they were just tough,” said Hall of Fame journalist Stan Fischler. “The Rocket fought his own battles. There was no such thing as (Wayne) Gretzky having (Dave) Semenko to protect him.” From 1917 to 1967, there were never more than 10 teams in hockey’s best league, so the competition for jobs was ferocious. To climb the professional ladder and make the NHL was to guarantee yourself a thick skin and an ability to look after yourself. This is how Gordie Howe’s elbows were sharpened to a fearsome fine edge. This is the way Ted Lindsay acquired the nickname ‘Terrible’, despite standing just 5-foot-8. This is the system that developed a tough customer like John Ferguson Sr., who led all rookies in scoring in 1963-64 with 18 goals in 59 games, yet whose primary role with the Canadiens was to look after captain Jean Beliveau. Ferguson’s M.O. was clear: he could play, but he was mean – sometimes even to players wearing the same uniform. As a member of the American League’s Cleveland Barons in 1963, Ferguson shot the puck at a teammate who made the mistake of getting chummy with an opponent during warmup. With players like that everywhere, the superfluous shenanigans were kept to a minimum. So were fights, according to the late Cal Gardner, who played for four Original Six teams from 1945 to ’57. “I wouldn’t say fighting was a big part of the game when I played,” Gardner said in 1999. “It would only happen if somebody got way out of line and most guys knew enough not to do that.” Fighting in that era was modest compared to what followed. Whereas scrap leaders in the 1980s and ’90s fought dozens of times in a single season, top pugilists in the 1950s and early ’60s only dropped the gloves four or five times a year. From 1953-54 (the first year the league began compiling fighting statistics) through 1966-67, a fight happened once every five games. In 1986-87 and 1987-88, the league averaged a fight every game. The turning point was expansion from six to 12 teams in 1967. “There were so few jobs, you were always fighting for one,” said Greg Oliver of SIHR. “The leagues below the NHL were even tougher. Those guys were all fighting to get to the NHL. When expansion came, the players who got those additional jobs were just as tough as those who were already there.” If there’s a misconception about the role the ’67 growth played in the evolution of fighting, it’s that the Philadelphia Flyers, one of the NHL’s initial six expansion teams, were the ones leading the way. The reality is the hyper-aggressive style that made them into the Broad St. Bullies was an answer to the franchise being knocked around by two teams in particular: the Boston Bruins and Philly’s expansion cousins, the St. Louis Blues. The ‘Big, Bad Bruins’ were led by the likes of Derek Sanderson and Johnny ‘Pie’ McKenzie, while the Blues employed the fearsome Plager Bros. and Noel Picard. The comparatively small Flyers were pummelled on a regular basis, and owner Ed Snider was thoroughly disgusted. “When I made Keith Allen GM, I said, ‘Look, Keith, we’re an expansion team, we may not be able to skate, we may not have great players, but we can go out and get the toughest son-of-a-bitches in the world…I don’t give a goddamn about having one policeman. Let’s have five or six.’ And that’s the beginning of the Broad St. Bullies. I didn’t invent fighting in hockey, and I don’t necessarily love it. I’m just saying I don’t want anybody to kick the s--- out of a Flyer ever again.” Expansion also diluted the amount of elite-level talent. Super-skilled players became more valuable and, in the minds of team executives and coaches, more in need of “protection” with every new round of expansion. By the time the 1980s arrived, the NHL was a 21-team league and although not every team had a Gretzky on its roster, the best two or three players on each club were in effect its Gretzkys. You’d never ask a player of that stature to engage in fights regularly. You asked tough and fearless players (usually at the bottom of the depth chart) to do those duties. If they proved proficient at it, that became their specialty, in the same way a former junior scoring sensation would become a defensive center if he couldn’t crack one of the top two lines. That’s what pushed the arms race forward, when the league began the progression from naturally tough customers such as 6-foot-1, 185-pound bruiser Dave ‘The Hammer’ Schultz to 6-foot-3, 240-pound enforcer Donald Brashear to 6-foot-8, 260-pound super-heavyweight John Scott. Over time, players expected to fight altered their off-season training focus from their all-around game to their striking skills alone. More importantly to NHL owners, fighters became more prominent in the marketing, as fisticuffs routinely led TV highlight reel packages. But as the century turned, there was a notable change in attitudes. Science was beginning to provide insight into the long-term damage done to the brains and bodies of players who served in the role, and an increasing number of fans began to question the need for fights that seemed more rote and self-serving than passionate, spur-of-the-moment altercations. The public’s appetite for blood was waning, and the ramifications on the enforcer role would be unmistakable.
Until the turn of the 21st century, the modern NHL fighter had evolved in one direction: he became bigger and stronger, his skills more specialized and specifically attuned to the job of intimidation and retribution. But a number of factors have altered that evolution and begun returning the league to its pre-expansion roots where players who could combine skill and toughness were highly valued. For one thing, the NHL’s salary cap restrictions have forced GMs to spend their money on those who play a multifaceted game. For another, the growing awareness and concern for brain injuries have tempered the excitement some fans have for watching punches thrown, particularly in “staged” fights between two enforcers who don’t play more than a handful of minutes a night. Small wonder, then, that seven in 10 games last season didn’t include a single scrap, or that fighting on the whole was down 17 percent from the previous campaign. The appetite for gratuitous fights is shrinking, but from the perspective of a trio of enforcers who played the role in the past two decades, the game is less safe now than it’s ever been. Troy Crowder had one of the most memorable single seasons of scraps in NHL history. With the New Jersey Devils in 1990-91, he had 16 fights, including showdowns with a who’s who of fellow heavyweights: Tie Domi, John Kordic, Mike Peluso, Jeff Chychrun, Craig Berube, Ken Baumgartner and Craig Coxe. He fought Bob Probert three times that season. Crowder was 6-foot-4 and 220 pounds, but he never saw himself as a one-dimensional on-ice force and never aspired to be the king of all fighters. He was a great track athlete. He was offered golf scholarships. He was stronger and faster than most teammates. He had no qualms about protecting those around him and fully understood fighting was his ticket to remaining in the NHL, but he still wanted to play meaningful minutes. He hated the idea he’d be sent over the boards strictly to change the momentum of the game. He was an old-school throwback who wanted to be a better player and not necessarily a better fighter. “Not getting a lot of ice time weighed on me more than anything,” Crowder said. “I had a few coaches who wanted me to set the tone, change the way a game was being played or basically intimidate another team so we’d win. I figured that wasn’t my role. I thought to myself, ‘If that’s what I’m here for, I should probably be the most valuable player on the team and you’d better put two more zeros on the end of my salary.’ But showing up to take care of a teammate? That’s in my nature.” Crowder didn’t just talk the talk of his convictions. He had the courage of them. When the Devils sent him to work with American League coach Tom McVie – one of those coaches who wanted to use his physicality as a tactic – Crowder decided he would rather walk away from the game at age 24. And that’s what he did for two years after a seven-game stint for Detroit in 1991-92 before he was lured back by the Kings in 1994 for one final three-year run that ended with the Canucks. For as torn as Crowder was over his place in hockey, he doesn’t regret any of it. Now 45, he’s proud of what he did in the protection of teammates, and he’s since moved on to apply himself to the business world. In short, he’s nobody’s victim. “If someone asked me about fighting in hockey, I’d say, ‘Yeah, it was really hard,’ ” Crowder said. “But I wouldn’t change it. Hockey needs to be patrolled. If you were taking advantage of someone, my job was making sure you didn’t. In today’s hockey, a lot of that is lost. There are more concussions because guys run opponents’ heads into the boards, or elbow them as they skate by, than there ever were from fighting. Unless they change all the rules and make all the penalties extreme, the rats will take over.” Unlike Crowder, Kelly Chase never wrestled with aspects of being an enforcer. At six-foot and 200 pounds, he never had a size advantage over anyone. But what he did have was an immense pride in looking after his teammates. In parts of 11 NHL seasons, Chase racked up 2,017 penalty minutes and never thought twice about the ramifications. He also said even repeated meetings with then-NHL disciplinarian Brian Burke didn’t dissuade him from behaving in a way he believed honored the game. “If I hit Steve Yzerman from behind, Brian Burke fining me was not what I concerned myself with,” said Chase, now the St. Louis Blues’ radio color commentator. “The suspension or the penalty was (fighting Bob) Probert and (Joey) Kocur, so I didn’t do that to Yzerman. A suspension or a fine wasn’t a deterrent. It didn’t deter me one time. I did what I did because I knew the difference between right and wrong.” Another respected tough guy, retired 14-year-veteran Stu Grimson, allowed that a tougher suspension policy – say, something like the Ontario League’s suspension policy that punishes repeat fighters on a sliding scale – would have given him pause as a player to drop the gloves as often as he did. “I would’ve probably had to be a little more conservative in what I did,” Grimson said. “I would’ve had to make sure I was mindful of those penalties as they accumulated.” Yet don’t take that admission to mean Grimson isn’t proud of the function he performed well enough to earn the ‘Grim Reaper’ nickname. Grimson, 49, became a lawyer and color commentator for the Nashville Predators after his playing career ended in 2002. He still believes fighting is an element of the game that needs to stay, and, like Chase, he feels a strong sense he made it easier for his more skilled teammates to play. If he does have one regret, Grimson said it was that he didn’t play in an era where players and management knew more about the specter of concussions and felt freer to self-report symptoms associated with head injuries. Grimson – whose career was ended by post-concussion syndrome – says the NHL can improve the culture so that players can be more open in discussing their health. “Fighting has evolved to a place where it’s not an arbitrary occurrence,” Grimson said. “It’s more controlled than it’s ever been, and medical treatment has evolved so that guys are treated in a far more attentive and healthier way.” Now 47, Chase comes by his old-school ways honestly. He’s proudest when he talks about former Blues teammate Pavol Demitra, who, prior to his death in the 2011 Lokomotiv plane crash, said his best NHL years came in St. Louis because Chase and fellow enforcer Tony Twist ensured nobody took advantage of him. Chase had more fear of being embarrassed in a fight than suffering a grievous injury. As a full-fledged member of the retired, no-regrets enforcers community, Chase agrees with Crowder that the present-day NHL is a more dangerous place because fewer tough guys are policing the ice. And he doesn’t for a second put any stock in a connection between fighting and the deaths of Rick Rypien, Wade Belak and Derek Boogaard within a four-month period in 2011. Because he focuses on the honor of the profession he chose, he resents when media and fans deride fighters as animalistic goons. Ultimately, he thinks hockey is better than that, and fighting is better than that. “The bulls--- about, ‘It’s caused guys to go drink,’ or, ‘It’s caused guys to get into substance abuse’ is a bunch of crap,” Chase said. “Everybody’s got anxiety. I thought it was an honorable way to play, and I would never give it back, the days I had in the NHL. I would never change the way I played.”
Brendan Shanahan never used fighting as a tactic, on the ice or off it. There was nothing strategic or calculating about it. From the time he was seven, he knew what it was to defend himself or someone close to him. His father, Donal, was a big strong man who preached pacifism. As a kid, however, Shanahan could often be found rolling around on sidewalks and lawns in suburban Toronto, taking on challenges the way kids often have to do to prove their mettle. It was simple, really: he did the beating up or was the beaten up. So as Shanahan, now the president of the Toronto Maple Leafs, got older and his two sporting loves – hockey and lacrosse – came calling, he was naturally prepared for what came next. But like everyone who goes from playing for fun to playing for keeps, he still needed an education. His experiences in major junior and the NHL created arguably the archetypal modern-day power forward: a player who gave as good as he got, who had among players a universal respect for his fairness and who never asked anyone else to settle his scores. Those experiences and that evolution still guide him today. Shanahan showed up in London, Ont., in 1985 to play for the Ontario League’s Knights as a high first-round pick, tall and lanky and just 16 years old. As such, he was a target for opponents right off the hop. Then-coach Don Boyd and management were surprised when they saw him more than hold his own in his first OHL fight, and Shanahan quickly realized how a no-guff-taken attitude carved out a bigger place for him on the ice. “It got me respect and room and space to score goals and be a better player,” Shanahan said. “There was no advantage growing up to being a decent fighter, but I found that during my first trip through each team I got treated one way, and my second trip through each team, I got treated differently.” That correlation between a willingness to mix things up and a grudging respect from opponents was never lost on Shanahan again. But he still had painful lessons to absorb about fighting. As a kid, he learned his opponents wouldn’t always play fairly, after a kid sucker-punched him when Shanahan granted his request for a time out in a fight. And during his OHL career, he discovered the price of being cocky. When Shanahan began to take after players who’d drop their gloves in a stylized fashion, he encountered an opponent who took advantage of his posing and punched him so hard in the face that his neck muscles were strained. After that he realized it wasn’t a good idea to put his chin out, invite someone to fight and then fling his hands down. When he entered the NHL after two years of junior, Shanahan was well established as a brand and continued playing a robust physical game. And he never shied away from fighting the toughest men hockey had to offer: Bob Probert, Marty McSorley, Willi Plett, Donald Brashear. His last fight, before he retired in 2009, was against Eric Boulton. But he never concocted any fight out of thin air and flimsy rationales. He had more respect than that, because he never fooled himself when it came to the cost incurred by teammates who had to fight more regularly. He roomed with many of them – including heavyweights Troy Crowder in New Jersey and Kelly Chase in St. Louis – and was acutely aware of the physical and mental toll the task took on them. “Most of my fights were spontaneous,” Shanahan said. “No matter how many times I fought, I knew it two seconds before it started, so I only had two seconds of nervous nausea. I wondered how a guy like Kelly Chase handled it. I’m thinking about a big rematch against Chicago, how I’ve got to play well and we need this win. And he’s thinking about (Mike) Peluso and (Stu) Grimson. I thought, ‘How do you eat tonight? How do you sleep tonight?’ ” As the years went on, Shanahan noticed a change in the habits of some enforcers. Whereas players such as Bob Probert, Tie Domi and Chris Nilan worked to become better players in all elements of the game and move from, say, the fourth line to the third line, a new breed of enforcers began training solely to become better fighters. They didn’t want to expand their role. They aimed to perfect the one they already had. But Shanahan still admired them for what he calls “the protective gene” he recognized in himself. He respected that most of them were great athletes who’d been pushed into a role they may not have enjoyed. And he wasn’t going to embarrass them, even if it meant taking lumps and even if he disagreed with the reasoning behind the fight. Look at a fight Shanahan had with Colorado enforcer Jim Cummins in 2004. There’s about 90 seconds left in the third period of a game in which Shanahan’s Red Wings had just scored an empty-net goal. Shanahan lines up on the wing for the center ice faceoff. He’s playing with Steve Yzerman and Sergei Fedorov. The Avalanche send out Joe Sakic, Chris Drury and, right beside Shanahan, Cummins. Shanahan can sense Cummins doesn’t feel good about what he’s been sent on the ice to do. However, when Cummins says, ‘Shanny, we’ve got to go’, he obliges and they fight. It lasts about 40 seconds. Cummins gets in a handful of punches at the beginning, but Shanahan breaks his nose. There’s no real joy in it for either player. “I felt bad for him,” Shanahan said. “I didn’t want him to get in trouble, so we fought.” In his post-playing career days as the NHL’s senior vice-president of player safety, Shanahan tried to keep players out of trouble. Where once he doled out justice with his fists, he was punishing through fines and suspensions. But he took the job because he’s genuinely interested in making the game safer. He wanted a high standard of care and expectations for players, including the enforcers he knew so well and empathized with so easily. He thinks the pendulum in regard to fighting is switching back to it was in the ’50s and ’60s, when all players on a roster had to contribute in more ways than one. That’s why, while he’s not ashamed of his past or the role of an organic fight in the sport, he’d never suggest to a kid playing junior that he work on being a better fighter to succeed at hockey’s top levels. The education and evolution of Brendan Shanahan – and his own protective gene – inspire him to push the next generation to play the right way. “I would do everything I could to encourage a young player, if it’s his dream to make the NHL, to work on his skills,” he said. “There will always be intimidation in the game of hockey. There’s intimidation in baseball. But the answer is no, I would not want to give anyone advice on how to be a fighter. I don’t think it’s a life I’d hope for my children. The idea of teaching a young person how to develop that skill as a tactic is not something I would ever do in good conscience. For me, that’s not a condemnation of these men who have the protective gene. It’s me displaying my protective gene for them, if I could go back and grab them when they were 14 or 15 years old. For the people who spent a career and a lifetime protecting us, this is the responsible thing to say as far as protecting them.” This feature appeared in the Dec. 8 edition of The Hockey News magazine. Get in-depth features like this one, and much more, by subscribing now.
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2017-05-28T08:34:52Z
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Alide Hire Services will use personal information provided by you or gathered by Alide Hire Services to process and respond to requests, orders, enquiries and complaints received from you and to provide services subsequently requested by you. This subsequent processing may include processing to manage and update you on your account and to send you updates about special offers, new services, special promotions and noteworthy news and events that Alide Hire Services believes will be of interest to you.
Sharing of your personal information
Alide Hire Services will release your personal information when required to do so for legal or regulatory purposes or as part of legal proceedings.
A cookie is a piece of information that is held on the hard drive of your computer that records how you have used a website. Cookies allow website operators to accumulate useful information, such as whether the computer (and sometimes its user) has visited the site before. This is done on a repeat visit by checking to see, and finding, the cookie left there on the last visit.
If you do not want cookies downloaded onto your machine, you can restrict or disable them by adjusting the settings on your browser. However, you may not be able to use some of the features on our website without cookies.
Access to your personal information
You have the right to request a copy of the personal information that Alide Hire Services holds about you and to have any inaccuracies corrected. Alide Hire Services will ask for confirmation of identity before it discloses any personal information and may charge a £10 administration fee to process the request. Please address requests to the Managing Director.
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2017-06-23T22:19:10Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320201.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20170623220935-20170624000935-00289.warc.gz
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en
| 0.914516
| 515
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Battlefield 1 is yet another title to get a major update for the holiday season. Yesterday, EA DICE kicked off their big Battlefield 1 holiday event with a new game mode and plenty of shiny new features that we can all look forward to. This holiday event will be running until Thursday of next week, December 29th, with great modes, new customizations, and unique collectibles for players to unlock every single day.
The first new feature to go live is a custom game mode called “Blind Delivery”. It offers a unique take on the game’s War Pigeons mode, where the minimap is disabled and the player is restricted to using only explosives and handguns.
December 22nd, leading up to the 29th, the “Holiday Truce” Dog Tag will be awarded to all players (one per account.)” The only thing players must do to access this is make sure they are logged into Battlefield 1, wherein EA promises “the iconic Dog Tag will be yours”. On the 22nd, EA is also introducing new vehicle skins to Battlepacks, which include the “Distinguished “SchnucK” or the Legendary “Desert Gold.” The contents of the Battlepack trunks include different skins and weapons.
The last gift of EA’s big holiday update is for any player who logs into their Battlefield 1 account between the 23rd and the end of the event. While the holiday event is still live, these players will receive a free (yes, free) Battlepack. It gets better. Any Premium Pass owners who login during this period will receive “two Superior Backpacks”.
With this handful of great features for the next week, this is not a holiday event that Battlefield 1 players want to miss. Check out The Nerd Stash’s review of Battlefield 1 here, and stay tuned for more news.
Tori is a writer and gamer originally from Vault 111, but now she resides in Chicago. She has an MFA in creative writing-fiction, runs primarily on coffee, and is an expert on AMC’s The Walking Dead. Follow her on Twitter @torithatnerd.
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2019-08-26T05:10:31Z
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en
| 0.951849
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|
GROUP 11 + MARINE COLLAGEN SKINCARE SET
Group 11 Active Mist
This dynamic facial mist utilises the power of an ancient trio of naturally occurring elements known as ‘Group 11.” Copper, Silver and Gold were likely the first three elements ever discovered and have been used for centuries for medicinal, healing and anti-aging purposes. Suspended micro-particles of each element are delivered into the epidermis to stimulate cell regrowth and repair. Group 11 is known to boost production of collagen and elastin to help firm skin and diminish fine lines, sagging skin and wrinkles. Uniting this trio of precious colloids with moisture rich Hyaluronic Acid and wild harvested extracts from the Australian outback creates the ultimate daily beauty boost for all skin types, leaving you with a bright, glowing complexion.
Marine Collagen Firming Night Cream
Boasting some of the world’s most potent natural anti-aging ingredients, this luxurious night cream firms, strengthens and smooths the skin- all while you sleep! Australian pioneer species Banksia offers unique and powerful anti-aging benefits to plump fine lines, support collagen production and increase elasticity. Tasmanian Kelp helps skin retain moisture and softens while it hydrates. Certified organic, scientifically proven anti-aging ingredient IBR-Dormin® is known to slow down skin cell proliferation, helping to regenerate cells overnight, meaning firm, tightened skin is just one sleep away. Also great as a preventative treatment
|
2022-01-20T08:50:24Z
|
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|
en
| 0.898635
| 375
|
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|
Domaine de l’Oubliée, Notre Histoire, Bourgueil, Loire, France 2013
Xavier Courant is a former wine retailer and, after training with some of the stars of the region, bought 6ha in 2009 which are in biodynamic conversion. This red is bursting with rich black fruit and spice. The tannin structure is powerful, but it has finesse and a fresh acidity.
Taster: Christelle Guibert
*US stockists from Wine-Searcher.com
|
2017-10-22T19:16:29Z
|
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|
en
| 0.906076
| 110
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"url": "http://www.decanter.com/reviews/loire/domaine-de-loubliee-notre-histoire-bourgueil-loire-france-2013/"
}
|
Key Food Shoppers Raise $2,500 for Struggling Richmond Hill Library
QUEENS — More than 2,000 Key Food customers opened their pockets to help the struggling Richmond Hill Library buy books after its budget was slashed this year, the library said.
During the month-long fundraiser, the customers donated $2,500 so that the local library, which also recently received a $2,000 grant for an indoor vegetable garden, could buy books.
The library's book budget was reduced by more than 70 percent, to $7,000 this fiscal year from $25,000 in 2013, according to branch manager Rebecca Alibatya.
The 2,080 customers donated amounts of up $5 each for new books when they checked out at the Lefferts Boulevard Key Food, near Jamaica Avenue, said the grocery store’s owner, Mark D'Urso.
The Key Food corporation donated $5,000 to the library and D’Urso himself gave $2,500 earlier this year.
The $10,000 total will be matched by the Queens Library Foundation, according to Alibatya.
Peter Wayne, of the Library Foundation, said that many branch managers and groups supporting libraries have become creative in their outreach after budget cuts in recent years.
“We are looking for partnerships like the one we have with the Key Food in Richmond Hill and Mark D’Urso and we welcome other business owners in the community to work together to bring more resources to local libraries,” Wayne said.
D'Urso, who in previous years had donated additional $4,000 to buy books for the library, said the branch is welcome to organize similar fundraisers on an annual basis.
“When we started this campaign in the store, a lot of people were very appreciative,” he said. “It’s a good feeling to give something back to the community.”
Alibatya said the library will be able to buy hundreds of new books with the money, mainly for teens and young adults.
“It feels so great,” she said. “Now, I can tell my customers that I can get the books that they want. I can perform my job without worry, because I have the money.”
The Key Food Stores Co-operative, Inc. did not immediately return phone calls seeking comment.
The library, which in April has also been awarded $100,000 to renovate its interior through the City Council's participatory budgeting process, recently also received a $2,000 grant from Citizens Committee for New York City to grow an indoor vegetable garden.
The garden, planned for the children's room, will include a number of different herbs, greens, tomatoes, corns as well as squash plants “and almost anything that is not a root vegetable as we can't do that in a window box,” said Deborah Emin, the vice president of the Friends of Richmond Hill Library.
|
2014-09-18T19:49:02Z
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en
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This light-filled, five-bedroom townhouse at 3512 36th Street NW in Cleveland Park features modern finishes, with hardwood floors and exposed brick throughout. The home just hit the market for $1,795,000 and comes with parking for four cars, including two garages and two driveways. The home is also less than a 20-minute walk from the Cleveland Park Metro stop.
There are 3.5 bathrooms and approximately 3,100 square feet of living space. The kitchen has stainless steel appliances and quartz counters while the living room boasts a fireplace. The lower level is fully finished. It includes an additional kitchen, a bedroom and bathroom, and access to the backyard. The yard is fenced and equipped with a deck, patio, and fire pit.
The home features a sizable front porch and, according to property records, most recently sold for $790,000 in 2011. Restaurants and stores on Wisconsin Avenue are nearby. The listing team is HRL Partners at Washington Fine Properties—Robert Hryniewicki, Adam T. Rackliffe, and Christopher R. Leary. Open houses are scheduled for June 15 and 16 from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. The house was originally built in 1925 and was refurbished three years ago.
|
2022-09-29T11:15:14Z
|
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en
| 0.967394
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|
This competition is for clubs within the following Boroughs: Southwick, Lewisham, Greenwich, Bromley, Bexley
Contact with the organiser is only through Club officials or coaches. Please do not contact British Gymnastics about this event.
£15 entry per gymnast.
Clubs enter gymnasts for the event and then will be allocated the time once the programme is complete. No changes to times can be made due to the large amount of entrants.
After the event we encourage feedback from gymnasts, coaches, judges, officials and parents. Please go to bit.ly/GymEventSurvey
to fill in the online survey.
|
2017-12-18T12:49:20Z
|
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|
en
| 0.926028
| 137
|
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"url": "https://www.british-gymnastics.org/event/8874/london-gfa-south-east-quadrant-competition-levels-12-2017"
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|
Chartreuse Center Programs
Self-Guided Online Programs for Grief & Fertility
Chartreuse Center offers an online platform for quality information in bite-size lessons. Chartreuse Center was founded in 2015 after Julie Blackburn recognized more need in the Chicago suburbs for specialized services for grief, fertility and new parenting issues. Julie's heart is with those that seek quality information, may not be in need of counseling or have some type of barrier have it be work, care-giving or simply lack of specialized services in the area. She understands the need for flexibility in life, and quality information.
These unique programs are research based and developed from years of experience, including frequent discussion points and most effective activities to meet your needs. The programs provide thoughtful and useful tools you can use right away. You will have the opportunity to deepen insight to your life, improve your overall well-being, and strengthen your relationships.
"She understands that everyone moves through and processes in their own way. Her warm and intuitive nature facilitates her ability to cater each session to your specific needs. Julie is absolutely amazing at what she does and I highly recommend her.”
" I hadn't realized what a disconnect I had between my emotions and my body. The art exercises helped me understand. This course also gave me permission to try things differently.”
— Christy J.
|
2023-09-28T06:42:44Z
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en
| 0.959931
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"url": "https://chartreuse-center.teachable.com/"
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|
The company calls it universal search — when you seach for something, you get a blend of results from its different categories — images and video, for instance.
From the release, coinciding with its Searchology event today:
Beginning today, the company will incorporate information from a variety of previously separate sources — including videos, images, news, maps, books, and websites — into a single set of results. At first, universal search results may be subtle. Over time users will recognize additional types of content integrated into their search results as the company advances toward delivering a truly comprehensive search experience.
It does give you more variety per search. It’s also a way for Google to raise the profile of its specialized search categories. I wonder if they were languishing, or if unified search was the goal all along.
Google also announced Google Experimental, a sandbox version of its search service, that will be available at its Labs site.
The company is also tinkering with its home page, so you get a different layout sometimes. Here’s a blog tracking some of the versions.
I liked a version I found last night that did a nifty trick: it enhanced the minimalist feel of its home page while displaying more options through little drop-downs in the upper corner.
|
2017-04-29T01:37:16Z
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|
en
| 0.935503
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|
People usually succeed in the long run.
This is the pattern I see in my long-term readers. They may take a while to get moving on their goals at first. They may endure some false starts and setbacks. They may procrastinate now and then. But if a goal is important to them, such as creating passive income streams or finding a fulfilling relationship, they do eventually succeed.
Not all of them succeed of course. Some give up. Some get sucked back into social groups that influence them to fall off track. Some drift aimlessly without finding their focus.
But by and large, the people who persist do eventually succeed. If they keep working towards their goals, keep learning and growing, and stay conscious, they do make progress, and they do achieve their goals.
Here are some of the patterns I see in readers who succeed in achieving their long-term goals.
Take Goals Seriously
People who succeed take their goals seriously. They move their goals out of the realm of fantasy and turn them into practical objectives to be achieved.
One of the simplest ways to take your goals seriously is to turn them into mental pictures and movies that you can describe visually. If you can’t tell me what you’re seeing on the movie screen, it’s a safe bet that your goal is just a fuzzy fantasy.
Usually when people tell me about their goals the first time, it’s a fuzzy fantasy. They list things like: make more money, have more friends, and travel more. Does this tell you what you’re seeing on the movie screen? Nope. Is it clear if you’ve accomplished these goals or not? Nope. Do these pseudo-goals let you off the hook and pretend you’re making progress? Yup.
It’s okay to begin with a fuzzy fantasy, but don’t get stuck there. Move your goal out of the realm of fantasy, and turn it into a real-world experience. Frame your future experiences the same way you frame your past memories. Memories are events that happened. So turn your goals into similar events that can and will happen.
A real goal will eventually be achieved, and then it will become a memory. Memories involve sense perceptions, and they’re mostly visual. So if you want to set a clear goal, then describe the future memory. Traveling more or making more money isn’t a memory.
If I asked you what you did yesterday, would you say, “I made more money, had more friends, and traveled more”? If you said something like that, I’d wonder that you might have some brain damage. Don’t describe your goals like that either. State your goals and intentions like you’re describing a future memory. What are the actual events that you’d like to experience?
A memory is something like going to the top of the Eiffel Tower, enjoying the view of Paris, and taking a bunch of photos while you’re up there. That’s a goal that can be accomplished or not. It’s a goal that encourages real-world planning and action steps. It’s achievable.
People who succeed tend to begin with modest goals and build up to larger goals when they get some success going. Those who fail often bite off more than they can chew.
For instance, instead of trying to earn $10,000 per month immediately, successful people usually start with a modest goal like creating a passive income stream of $100 per month. They work on that goal first and do what it takes to achieve it. Then they can apply what they learned to parlay that small success into a bigger success.
The failure stories often inject neediness into their goals. I get emails from such people frantically telling me how they need to make an extra $1000 to $3000 this month in order to pay their rent or bills. In 12+ years of blogging, I can’t recall a single case of one of these people ever emailing me back to say that they succeeded.
Neediness will only get in your way, create extra stress, and delay real progress. If you need to let the old world collapse while you work on your long-term goals at a realistic and intelligent pace, so be it.
Bite off a modest piece of your goal, work on it, and achieve it. This will do more to move you towards a long-term pattern of success than frantic scrambling.
Have Compassion for Your Future Self
Have some compassion for your future self. At some point you’re going to be 5, 10, or 20 years older, and that future you will have to endure the consequences of what you’re creating now. If you’re wallowing in neediness or drifting aimlessly, you’re sentencing your future self to a crappy outcome, and that future you may blame you for it.
Instead of screwing over your future self, take a more sensible and compassionate approach. Work to create a better reality for your future self. That future self is going to be you someday.
People who succeed look to give their future selves an edge. They seek to put themselves in a more advantaged position down the road. They make small sacrifices today to alleviate stress and enjoy more fulfillment tomorrow.
Don’t Go Dark
Almost everyone goes dark at some point, sinking into aimless drifting for a while and losing sight of their goals. Those who succeed tend to bounce back quickly though. They recognize when they’re going dark and even give themselves permission to temporarily wallow in this state if they need a break. They know they’ll get back to working on their goals soon enough.
Those who don’t succeed tend to spend a lot of time drifting unconsciously. For such people the experience of setting and working on goal is just a temporary blip against a background of aimlessness. The lights go on occasionally when they get a burst of inspiration (usually from an external source), but most of the time, the lights stay off.
Those who succeed keep the lights on most of the time. They do their best to stay conscious. They keep moving the needle forward, little by little, tackling one small milestone at a time. They aren’t so easily discouraged by setbacks.
People who get sidetracked often have a very rigid approach to success. When their initial plans don’t work in the real world, they keep repeating the same ineffective strategies, stubbornly expecting that something new will happen each time.
Those who succeed understand and accept that their initial plans may not work. Each failure becomes a learning experience. Successful people surrender their ineffective approaches, so they can pivot towards new possible solutions.
Those who fail usually explore very little of the solution space. They hide out in a comfortable corner where there are few results to be had. Those who succeed almost invariably explore more of the solution space. Even after they get some success going, they keep exploring to further optimize their approaches, especially to improve overall lifestyle balance.
Embrace the Growth Journey
It usually takes people longer than they expect to achieve their goals, regardless of what types of goals they set. When we set a goal, we can’t accurately envision all the micro-steps it will take to achieve it. We oversimplify the journey. We overlook many details, and those details will take time.
People who give up often succumb to impatience. They go dark when the path becomes longer than expected, even if they were making modest progress. Sometimes they pressure themselves to meet unreasonable deadlines and then burn out after a while.
Those who succeed may succumb to the previous pattern too, but eventually they get past it. These people progress to a more mature, more balanced, and less frantic approach to growth and achievement. Short-term scrambling gives way to long-term patience.
The key is to embrace the overall growth journey. See the benefits not just in the goal to be achieved but in the person you’re becoming along the way. The inner benefits are more secure anyway. You can strip a growth-oriented person of their external accomplishments and resources, and their well-developed inner resources will help them bounce back to their previous position and beyond.
Discover What Works and Repeat
Successful people sometimes find just one or two patterns that work, and then they repeat. For instance, they may create a $100 passive income stream and then repeat the process dozens or hundreds of times. They also refine the process as they go along, so each stream may be 10x more effective after a few years of refinement.
Earlier this year I met a guy who keeps renting more apartments in different cities and turning them into AirBnB properties for a profit. He reinvests the profits in securing more properties to create more revenue streams. I believe he expects to make seven figures from his operation this year, and he gains the added bonus of being able to stay in any of his properties for free when he travels.
* * *
Every month I meet new readers in person and hear their stories, especially with respect to the goals they’ve set, the lessons they’ve learned, and the pivots they’ve made. One thing is clear: In the long run, people usually do achieve their goals if they persist, stay flexible, and don’t give up. The biggest challenge for most people is persisting long enough to win the mental game.
Here are my recommendations for products and services I've reviewed that can improve your results. This is a short list since it only includes my top picks.
Site Build It! - Use SBI to start your own money-making website
Getting Rich with Ebooks - Make passive income selling ebooks
Lefkoe Method - Permanently eliminate a limiting belief in 20 minutes
PhotoReading - Read books 3 times faster
Paraliminals - Condition your mind for positive thinking and success
The Journal - Record your life lessons in a secure private journal
Sedona Method - FREE audios to release your blocks in a few minutes
Imaginary Men - Learn powerful growth lessons from 6 men's coaches
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2017-04-24T09:22:52Z
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|
en
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|
NEED HELP?CALL TOLL FREE
Port St. Joe Store: 877-216-9600
Sets up in under a minute for 100 square feet of shade! 10’ X 10’ with 7` center clearance.
Keep bugs and sun out. Screen has two zippered doors, 50+ UVGuard™ protection factor, heavy duty 150D canopy.
Wheeled carry bag. Footed poles for easy securing, more stabilization with Coleman® steel tent pegs.
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2015-04-27T15:34:41Z
|
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en
| 0.815015
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|
Your shopping cart is empty!
- Style name: VIJALA DOWN COAT - Warm, winter down coat - Zip closure - Two large pockets with button closure - Pocket detail at the sleeve - Hood with removable fake fur - Buckle detail at the hood - One inner pocket - Detail at the bottom of the sleeves - Hidden rib edge at the bottom of the sleeves - Length: 86 cm in the front and 93 cm in the back in size M - Sleeve length: 63 cm - Our model is 178 cm tall and wears size M - On a scale from 1-5 where 5 is warmest, this jacket is 5 Basic styles are a must-have in every woman’s wardrobe. The collection is simple, which makes it easy to combine your basic items with your feminine, patterned and raw items. Furthermore, they are easy to wear for a day at work and easy to dress-up for nights out with a few accessories like a necklace and a pair of high heels. VILA’s basic collection consists of tops, dresses, jackets and trousers.
- 100% Polyester
- Machine Wash, half load, short spin at 30°C
- Do Not Bleach
- Tumble Dry on medium heat settings
- Hang Dry
- Low temp. iron. Highest temp. 100°C
- Do not dry clean
- Article Number: 14035971
Down coat Green / Ivy Green 14035971
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2019-10-20T16:36:28Z
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en
| 0.854873
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FREE SHIPPING & FREE RETURNS!
Thousands of designer women's shoes
- 40% OFF SITEWIDE!
- USE CODE: OHSNAP40
Dive into the Welchpool for this seasons hottest look. This ALDO pump delivers a silver iridescent pointed toe with open upper and black wrapping ankle strap. Last but not least is a 4 1/2 inch white chunky block heel.
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2017-02-23T21:14:51Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501171232.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104611-00088-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.820806
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Does it seem that any time a new person joins your organization, they’re golden? Did management listen and respond positively to the same fabulous idea you brought up just last week?
Sometimes longevity in an organization leads to being taken for granted. This “invisibility curse” goes against the old adage that working harder will lead to more responsibility, a better title, and more money. What can you do to show leadership you have what it takes to get promoted? Here are some quick tips.
Hard working employees need to take a minute and think strategically about how to position themselves in their organization for career advancement. This may be a bit Machiavellian if you are used to putting your firm first, but get over it!
First, take an objective look at your performance. You work hard, put in the hours, and produce, but is that what it takes to be a leader?
Your firm or company’s management team isn’t only looking for good performance when finding the right person to promote. They are looking for potential – someone who shows they know how to delegate, can motivate a team, and have vision for the future.
Think strategically about what types of skills your organization needs, what skills you have, and the gap between the two. Remember, it is not always about the technical or job specific skills you need to work on; soft skills such as creative thinking, conflict resolution, or how you communicate are also very important. In fact, many are starting to refer to these as “success” skills.
But be careful: don’t tie all your goals to a position, salary, or organization. Think about this process as growing your skills as a person and a professional rather than everything you do to the job itself. Create goals for yourself, such as how to increase your impact with clients or how to become less tactical and more strategic.
Changing Your Demeanor
While it may be hard to admit, it’s not your boss’s fault you haven’t been promoted. You need to take responsibility, so once you’ve assessed the situation, think about taking the following actions to get you to the next steps:
- Exude confidence and competence—Being decisive and competent is a leadership trait that will be recognized and respected.
- Admit when you’re wrong—Ego kills, so make sure you don’t let it get in the way, or hurt your chances, of rising in your organization. Be honest when you’ve made a mistake or don’t know the answer to something.
- Don’t compete—Being promoted is not about being in the office more hours than anyone else; it is about being focused and bold, so stop competing with others in your department and focus on working together to achieve organizational goals.
- Show initiative—Let your boss know you want to expand your skills and grow. Be as specific as possible. For example, you may say something like, “I’d like to grow my project management skills. Can I run the next audit for Client B?” If you get a “no,” ask why so you can learn what to say next time, and wait for another opportunity.
- Have a network—Having a good reputation inside your organization and outside in your other endeavors provides great benefits. Not only is there the “you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours” syndrome; there are tangible benefits of friendship, stronger team bonds, and the valid recommendation when needed.
- Track your accomplishments—If you aren’t keeping track of your achievements, who is? Keep a file of your compliments, attaboy or attagirl emails, and your accomplishments. Tie the list to your company achievements and share it with your boss. Discuss these at your performance review or when you’re ready to make a move.
- Speak up–When it comes down to it, management doesn’t know you are interested in a leadership position unless you make it clear.
What happens if you try all of these things and you have no luck? It may be time to move on to another company. There are times when you can’t overcome your reputation, regardless of how good it is. Look for a new job and position yourself for the next promotion with your new employer.
What have you done to get more responsibility at work? Email your comments to email@example.com.
|
2018-11-21T18:53:57Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039749562.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20181121173523-20181121195523-00262.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952665
| 932
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.aicpa.org/interestareas/youngcpanetwork/resources/career/workhardandyoullgetpromoted.html"
}
|
He's still there. Driving down the lane towards my driveway, the mallard stepped out into the middle of the road and watched me as I swerved around him. I just lost some kind of contest.
Also, editing notes for Quite Contrary just arrived. I have a busy weekend ahead.
|
2017-10-23T18:58:03Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187826283.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20171023183146-20171023203146-00898.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.98719
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{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://frankensteinbeck.blogspot.com/2012/05/duck-update.html"
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|
UK's Hague to Israel: Don't Interfere With Iran Deal
Israel is not obligated by the deal with Iran, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu said over the weekend – but if by “not obligated” he means that Israel is considering taking on Iran alone, said British Foreign Minister William Hague, Jerusalem should think again.
Speaking in Parliament Monday, Hague specifically called out Israel and others who are unhappy with the Iran deal, calling on them “to refrain from actions that could damage implementation” of the agreement to limit Iran's uranium enrichment program.
Although there has been no sign that action against Iran is being organized by anyone, Hague said, his government had already contacted the relevant parties to make clear its position on the matter.
Earlier, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said he did not believe that Israel would attack Iran alone.
Besides Israel, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states are unhappy with the Iran deal. In a statement Monday, Riyadh expressed very limited support for the deal, saying that it could be a first step to a more comprehensive agreement – if Tehran showed good faith, that is.
On Sunday, the Saudis warned that if, despite the agreement, Iran continued with its development of nuclear weapons, it would set off a nuclear arms race in the Middle East, as many of the Gulf states would be likely to want to acquire nuclear weapons to protect themselves.
Speaking over the weekend, Netanyahu said that Iran “got the deal of the century and the international community got a bad deal, this is a very bad deal. Israel utterly rejects it," he said, "Israel is not obligated by this agreement and Israel will do everything it needs to do to defend itself and the security of its people.”
Many aspects of the agreement have not been finalized, but among its highlights is an agreement by Iran to freeze for a six month period some of its nuclear activities in exchange for partial and limited relief of the sanctions that have been imposed on it. The lifting of those sanctions is expected to pump between $4 and $5 billion into the Iranian economy. In addition, Iran will be allowed to continue to enrich uranium to a level 3.5%, but will not be allowed to add to its stockpile of enriched uranium, and would have to move some of its enriched material to a third country.
|
2014-12-18T02:27:29Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-52/segments/1418802765584.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20141217075245-00061-ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.976426
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/174466"
}
|
Thursday, December 31, 2009
Tuesday, December 29, 2009
Luckily the airline arranged the flight for me to get to Taipei so I did not have to worry about that hassle. A lot of people on the flight missed their connections. The hotel is very accommodating, and I got $10 meal voucher in Minneapolis, $25 off my next flight with Delta, and dinner and breakfast at the hotel. It sucks that this happened because I was suppose to meet up with the rest of my group in Tokyo and go on to Taipei with them so the school could pick us up all at the same time, but now I have be picked up alone and taking to the school alone.
Needless to say, this is for sure the first of many adventures that I will have. I am still not sure what possessed me to actually do this, but once I get the Taiwan and figure things out I think I will find out.
Sunday, November 1, 2009
Thursday, October 1, 2009
Tuesday, September 8, 2009
Tuesday, August 25, 2009
Tuesday, July 14, 2009
Saturday, June 20, 2009
Wednesday, June 10, 2009
Monday, June 1, 2009
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Saturday, April 18, 2009
A father passing by his son's bedroom was astonished to see that his bed was nicely made and everything was picked up. Then he saw an envelope propped up prominently on the pillow that was addressed to Dad. With the worst premonition he opened the envelope with trembling hands and read the letter.
It is with great regret and sorrow that I'm writing you. I had to elope with my new girlfriend because I wanted to avoid a scene with Mom and you. I have been finding real passion with Stacy and she is so nice. But I knew you would not approve of her because of all her piercing, tattoos, tight motorcycle clothes and the fact that she is much older than I am. But it's not only the passion. Dad she's pregnant. Stacy said that we will be very happy. She owns a trailer in the woods and has a stack of firewood for the whole winter. We share a dream of having many more children. Stacy has opened my eyes to the fact that marijuana doesn't really hurt anyone. We'll be growing it for ourselves and trading it with the other people that live nearby for cocaine and ecstasy. In the meantime we will pray that science will find a cure for AIDS so Stacy can get better. She deserves it. Don't worry Dad. I'm 15 and I know how to take care of myself. Someday I'm sure that we will be back to visit so that you can get to know your grandchildren.
your son Adam
PS: Dad, none of the above is true. I'm over at Tommy's
house. I just wanted to remind you that there are worse things in life
than a report card. It's in my center desk drawer.
I love you.
Call me when it's safe to come hom
Wednesday, April 15, 2009
Monday, April 13, 2009
Wednesday, April 8, 2009
Interviewer: Susan Williams
Interviewee: Carolyn Drees
Location: Carolyn Drees’ house in American Fork, Utah
Date: March 13, 2009
Carolyn: It was so new uh the thing that my grandparents had was a record player; it had to be back in the early 30s. They had one of Bing Crosby’s first records that he made and uh we had um a lot of things like that where the big stars got their early start and uh by the time I was 5 years old, music was a big thing. My two older sisters took music and I think, uh until I could I read, they would teach me the songs to all the popular songs of the day and I can still remember to the time when I was 5 years old and we used to listen to programs on the radio the music by people like Paul Whiteman, who was one of the most familiar and still is one of the most famous orchestra leader at the time. It wasn’t a hobbs earnal orchestra but a dance orchestra. And uh we didn’t have, I think I mentioned, we got our first telephone back around that same time and uh I don’t know if this will be of any interest but uh I think it’s interesting thinking back on it, when we moved into the area of south Atlanta, we moved into an area that had never been populated before. My grandfather was a builder and he built the house for him and across the street he built a house for my mother, who was his daughter. And that’s where I was born and that’s where all of these things in the family played a role, but the city of Atlanta was suppose to incorporate the area. It’s not more than about 5 miles outside the city of Atlanta so, but uh the plans were that this area would be taken in as part of Atlanta and uh so when we lived there, my parents lived there for 13 years and we never did get roads. They were just scraped roads with big road equipment and the county chain gang would go out there and wipe the debris off the road. They weren’t more than trails. But the whole time we lived there, and I was 7 years old when we moved, and they hadn’t got to paving the roads yet. So um we had gotten electricity sometime when I was very small but I can’t remember when that was. But I can remember when we got the telephone and for a while there was the party line, you probably know about the party line. It was where 2 or 3 people had the same telephone number and uh usually you would have a phone call that your neighbors would listen to and oh, you can’t be interested in this.
Susan: Oh don’t worry about it, what did you do when TV came out?
Carolyn: I went over oh, that was after I was married, I was married in the last day of 1947 and so in ’48, TV became famous, but not everybody had one. And I wasn’t particularly interested in it from that stand point because I liked to read and to study and I didn’t know anything about the people that starred on TV. Anyway, so um my first experience with TV was in an apartment house in Chicago, well it wasn’t exactly in Chicago it was a mile or 2 away from the Midway airport where my husband worked. There was one family in a four family duplex that had a TV and so uh, the folks living underneath us kept that turned up all the time because you would just hear all this noise and clapping going on. But we actually didn’t have a TV until we moved to Denver and Holly was born, Lynn was 2 was when we got our first TV and uh, oh I didn’t get hooked on it like a lot of people did because I liked to listen to historical programs, things like that, that would be boring to most other people. I liked serious music and uh, I liked good swing, that sort of thing and there wasn’t a lot of that on at the time. Uh, I remember the elections starting back with Franklin Roosevelt and uh my dad was not a democrat and he was living in Chicago at the time. His work kept him away from the general home most of the time, he was moving to different places all the time. I remember the first time I voted was when I was married. Bill and I were living in Chicago and I voted for, someone that didn’t get it. I had the tendency to be more accepting of things from the, have you been taking a nap have you (Directed towards her dog)? Oh this can’t be interesting for you.
Susan: Me? No it is. I love learning and hearing stories about people and their experiences and stuff.
Just quick random question, did they do a lot of advertizing for the war through the radio?
Carolyn: For the war?
Susan: Yeah for the war.
Carolyn: Yeah, oh yeah everything was uh was pertaining to different people, the broadcasters at the time were stationed at different places overseas and there were constant programs and everyone was glued to the radio and then the TV afterwards.
I’m not making must sense right now, am I?
Susan: No you’re fine. Was there any big event that you remember from, I don’t know, I’m trying to think, was specific media you were interested in, maybe papers did you read that a lot?
Carolyn: There were only two local papers in Atlanta when I lived there and grew up. And let’s see, I suppose that I was too busy studying when I was in high school to read the newspaper, because I wasn’t somebody that could open a book and have a photogenic memory and remember everything on the page; I was up till 2 or 3 in the morning, but I did glance through the papers because there were interesting things in the paper. I remember when I was small and the Lindenburgs baby was stolen. That was interesting to people all over the world. It was a long time before they found someone who did it, or they thought did it, but it turned out it wasn’t the one that did it but he knew the person that did. I didn’t get to many movies because they didn’t have that many movies in neighborhoods at the time where you could get to, and not everybody, not every single person had two cars. My mother, who learned to drive when she was about 16, said my grandfather never did forget that. Mother said that when he was teaching her to drive and she was at the wheel anytime for a long time after she had learned to drive, he kept the passenger side door open so he could jump out any time she made a mistake and anyway. I’m not being very helpful, Susan.
Susan: No you are fine, I am trying to think of something that will jog your memory
Carolyn: When World War 2 broke out I was in high school and I can remember when the, uh pearl harbor happened, my dad had the radio on early one Sunday when that happened and shortly after that there were a number of boys that I knew in my high school that joined and there was one of four brothers who were in, who got in the navy, they weren’t the famous ones that got killed in action but two of them from my high school and several others lost their lives and I can remember a boy named Robert Crow that I sort of, well my parents didn’t let me date, but I had a soft spot for Robert but, he didn’t know I was even alive, and he was killed in the beginning of the war because he was flying and they didn’t have a very long time to learn how to fly like we do now, sometimes it was two weeks to the month and then they were out on their own and of course the airplanes were not like they are now.
Carolyn: One thing about uh radio too, as well as I can remember, I can’t remember they had commercials.
Susan: Like they do now, every other song they have a commercial.
Carolyn: Oh no, I can remember when I was married they had regular commercials, but when you got a radio program on, you got a radio program…I can remember a lot of orchestra conductors, some of those people are around now, I’m glad they are, because I’m not as old as they are.
Susan: When did you start, uh, what am I trying to think of, I just lost it, I do the same thing as you, I can’t remember it.
Carolyn: My memory has been gone for the last probably 6 months, but I remember everything about my background. I remember the people I have met, the friends I have, which weren’t many, my mother didn’t want me to play with anyone because she didn’t want me to learn anything ugly from them.
Susan: What did you say about when radio came out, what happened?
Carolyn: Well I was wondering how come it took them so long for it too come. I thought we were we were really fortunate to have that. I used to lay on the floor in the living room and listen to everything that was on. I still remember now all the programs that were on.
Susan: What kind of programs were on?
Carolyn: Like I said, Paul Whiteman was a very famous song writer and wrote for orchestras so I remember his music and I remember Amos and Andy, they were two guys that did black face comedy; they were hilarious. And I remember major bosse, who had the amateur show he honestly had people on there trying to sing and do whatever they did and they were lucky if he didn’t give them the gong before they were finished. Later on we had the entrance of the soap operas that made big hits for a long time. You could never get too much of the soap operas you had to hear how they got out of all their problems and they lasted for 30 or 40 years. And we used to listen to some of the news reports, I didn’t care much about them but my parents did.
Susan: You said something about history stuff. You said you liked to listen to history programs
Carolyn: Yes, but I can’t think of what the title of the program was but uh they were, I can remember especially it was on Sunday they would spread the whole foundation for what the story was going to be like, what it would be. They would talk about some long dead kings or talk about people who had special powers to do certain things and uh, and I used to love to listen to musical programs because I have always loved music.
Friday, March 6, 2009
Wednesday, February 25, 2009
Tuesday, February 24, 2009
Friday, February 20, 2009
Hot tubbing with the girl's on valentine's day <3
Friday, February 6, 2009
On another note, I can't wait for them to leave. I work tonight, tomorrow morning, tomorrow night till 11 and then Sunday morning at 3AM!!! AHHH its crazy. But all in all it is wonderful.
I am grateful for seeing so many sights... these are two of my favorites... Sunset, Number 1 time!!!!!
Lightning Storms, Utah does not have them, but Maryland, oh so wonderful!
Wednesday, February 4, 2009
So I will admit, I found out about this by eavesdropping on someone else's conversation yesterday, but the phrase "Why Mormon Girls Stay Single" is going to catch, a single mormons attention! So I went to look at it, and I personally found it entertaining. My roommates didn't like it too much.
|
2017-08-18T08:46:45Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886104631.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20170818082911-20170818102911-00654.warc.gz
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en
| 0.990989
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|
Size Chart is a must have for any e-commerce stores selling clothing. Without it, shopping online is like walking in the dark.
The problem is we often see poor size charts that are either a direct image from suppliers so each product page may have inconsistent styles. Most are also unoptimized due to lacking the unit conversion feature.
Why do you need to support unit conversion?
The biggest advantage here is that your customers can pick the unit they are most comfortable to think in to make a purchase decision. For example, people in the US are often more used to using inches while most people around the world can only understand centimeters. As your shoppers are likely more multi-national, it is a must to support both in order to further improve the conversion.
Even more important, it is extremely simple to set up the unit conversion using Kiwi Sizing once you have a sizing table set up.
Video: How to set up “inches/cm” unit conversion to improve conversion
Lets see how that works!
1. One simple step: Add units to the table
First you need a size table created. See our previous post for the process.
Once you have the table, click "Edit table" to open the table editor. Then you can see the "Table Unit conversion" button in the table editor.
Click on it to bring up the unit selection menu. Here you can select different units conversion options.
Select one then you will see unit conversion instantly show up!
Now you're done and remember to save your changes!
Can I have different units in the same table?
If you happen to have multiple different units in the same table, that is also possible! Click on the black box on top right to switch to the advanced mode. Then you will see black arrows showing up on the table editor.
You can use them to set up units on individual row or column!
Once you set up you will also see the conversion button changing to "imperial" and "metric".
Now save your setting.
Are there other ways the unit conversion can look?
yes! The app supports 3 ways the conversions can be shown.
Click on Settings > Size Chart > Table, you will see "Unit conversion display mode" option.
You've already seen how conversion button look. Here is what inline text look:
And inline cell:
With unit conversions, you customers no longer need to convert the numbers themselves using calculators. And you will avoid losing sale because of customers who are only familiar with 1 unit.
Get started today and optimize your size chart with unit conversions! There's no excuse not to have one if the set up is so simple and requires no coding experience at all.
See how other shops are using Kiwi Sizing:
We are trusted by thousands of Shopify stores with over 400 5-star reviews. Try it now for free and start reducing unnecessary returns.
- YouTube Tutorials：https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQpP0NIIALWyMIa6NrFH3dw
- Demo shop：https://demo.kiwisizing.com/
|
2022-05-26T18:27:41Z
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.kiwisizing.com/blog/create-unit-conversion-size-charts-in-1-simple-step/"
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|
Get the Best Priced Mercedes 350SD Ignition Lock Cylinder
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Mercedes 350SD Replacement Ignition Lock Cylinder Information
Search our online ignition lock cylinder catalog and find the lowest priced discount auto parts on the web. We sell wholesale to the public. We offer high quality new, OEM, aftermarket and remanufactured Mercedes 350SD Ignition Lock Cylinder parts. We specialize in a wide-variety of high-quality car parts and accessories for your car, truck or SUV. Call toll free to order or place your order online via our secure checkout system. Our online parts catalog uses real-time inventory, so you can be assured the parts you buy are in stock at the time of ordering. Most orders are shipped the same day. They are available for the following Mercedes 350SD years: 1991, 91. This part is also sometimes called Mercedes 350SD Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder. We stock ignition lock cylinder parts for most Mercedes models including 300E, 300D, 190E, C280, E320, C220, 300SD, 420SEL, 240D, 300TD, 300SE, E420, 500SL, 190D, 400E, 560SL, 500SEL, 560SEL, 300SDL, E300, 260E, SLK230, C230, 300CE, 300TE, 560SEC, 300SEL, 400SE, 300CD, SLK320, 300SL, 500SEC, S420, 380SEC, 380SE, 380SEL, S320, S500, SLK32 AMG and 280E.
We stock these Ignition Lock Cylinder brands for the Mercedes 350SD: Febi.
Ignition Lock Cylinder
Sale Price: $37.33
Product SKU: W0133-1617205
Product Note: w/ Lock Undefined
Inventory: In Stock
Ground, Overnight, 2 Day
- 91 1991 Mercedes 350SD Idler Arm Genuine
- 91 1991 Mercedes 350SD Ignition Switch Original Equipment Original Equipment
- 91 1991 Mercedes 350SD Power Steering Hose Genuine
- 91 1991 Mercedes 350SD Power Steering Pump LUK
- 91 1991 Mercedes 350SD Steering Damper Bilstein
- 91 1991 Mercedes 350SD Steering Gearbox Maval
- 91 1991 Mercedes 350SD Tie Rod Left Lemfoerder
Parts Geek is awesome. My tail light arrived faster than expected, it was the correct part and it worked properly. The price was the best I could find on the internet and customer service was astou...
First time shopping! The part arrived sooner than expected and in perfect working order. The website was very easy to navigate and the prices after shopping around were the lowest I could find. ...
|
2015-06-30T13:08:36Z
|
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|
en
| 0.846989
| 592
|
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|
Rent control and inclusionary housing policies are self-interested and harmful
"With the cost of California housing continuing to surprise even people who thought they were beyond such surprises, the pressure to “do something” has produced two notable “solutions”: inclusionary housing policies, requiring homes to be set aside for lower income families as a condition of building new homes, and campaigns to reinstate local power to impose rent control (as with the Affordable Housing Act initiative, on California’s Nov. 6 ballot as Proposition 10).
Beyond trying to hold down housing prices by law, those two approaches seem to share little. One addresses home ownership; the other, rentals. The loudest groups on the issues are different, and so are the mechanisms. However, there is an insufficiently noticed similarity: Both allow local political majorities (owners in one case; renters in the other) to advance their narrow self-interest while harming most of those they purportedly help. These regulations represent self-interested and harmful altruism.
The self-interested support for these policies grows from the distinction between their effects on current tenants and homeowners and the very different effects on future aspiring tenants and homeowners, far larger groups that are not yet residents.
The first group is primarily benefited by what will happen to rental and home prices in the near term. Lower rents help existing tenants; higher house prices help current homeowners.
The second group — aspiring renters and homeowners — is primarily harmed by the regulations’ effect of shrinking the housing supply in the longer term.
In other words, existing renters and owners benefit at the expense of future aspirants, who cannot vote on the policy because they are not residents.
Consider San Jose’s 2010 inclusionary housing ordinance, which requires housing developers of more than 19 units to sell 15 percent of the units far below market value (or pay a six-figure fee). This allows politicians to claim the mandated units as visible proof they are addressing housing availability, while the future harmful effects go largely unnoticed.
The below-market mandate obviously increases the costs of the new unsubsidized housing, which reduces demand from aspiring buyers. That, in turn, reduces the number of new units constructed and thus the future supply of homes. And it raises existing house prices as well. Potential first-time buyers are harmed, but existing homeowners’ wallets are padded.
Housing researchers have found just that effect from so-called “inclusive” policies (now in nearly 170 California cities and counties). With the large decrease in unsubsidized construction swamping the much smaller effect on mandated construction, such policies harm all buyers except those who win occupancy in new subsidized units.
Rent control follows a similar narrative. It benefits current renters at the expense of property owners by forcing down the prices of units. But by reducing or eliminating the profitability of rental housing, the regulation reduces the supply of rental housing over time via reduced new construction and maintenance, conversions to condos or to non-housing uses, etc. (Imagine how attractive Airbnb-type uses of housing would become if it could evade rent control.) That harms all future renters, even while the bonanza to current tenants continues. (This is why tenants under strict rent control almost never leave.)
Economists generally agree that rent control is harmful. Left-wing economist and Nobel laureate Gunnar Myrdal called rent control in certain Western countries “maybe, the worst example of poor planning by governments lacking courage and vision,” and socialist economist Assar Lindbeck asserted that “in many cases rent control appears to be the most effective technique presently known to destroy a city — except for bombing.”
With inclusionary housing policies and rent control, a local majority of voters is allowed to benefit itself while pretending to support those struggling to find housing. Such self-interested but harmful housing altruism is far removed from doing something good for society."
If you're interested in buying or selling an apartment building, please call Anie Mayelian at 818-915-9118 or send us an email!
|
2022-05-20T21:11:33Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662534669.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220520191810-20220520221810-00108.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.950267
| 832
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:442e5b64-abe4-4470-8a26-d93c553e0711>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.mayeliangroup.com/single-post/2018/07/31/rent-control-and-inclusionary-housing-policies-are-self-interested-and-harmful"
}
|
The go-to resource for anyone building with MongoDB, these reference cards let you quickly find MongoDB commands, query filters, and aggregation stages in one handy guide.
Keep them open in another window while you’re working, or print them out and leave them on your desk.
The Quick Reference Cards include sections covering:
- Query filter parameters in MongoDB
- CRUD operations
- The Aggregation Framework
- Document validation rules
- Building indexes
- Example queries compared side-by-side with their SQL equivalent
- And more
|
2019-07-24T00:47:05Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195530246.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20190723235815-20190724021815-00250.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.884485
| 114
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:8e0ca7f9-c80c-49cb-9069-a5598ddb1ffc>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.mongodb.com/collateral/quick-reference-cards"
}
|
A millionaire saw the backlash of poor form on Facebook this weekend.
Gurbaksh Chahal posted to his Facebook page that his car dealer messed up his Ferrari. “Why does this crap always happen to me?” pouted the man worth over $300 million.
Chahal is indeed very accomplished, having sold his first company, ClickAgents, a performance-based advertising network, to ValueClick in 2000, making Chahal a very rich man. Then, he created Blue Lithium, which he sold to Yahoo! in ’07 making him an extremely rich man. And, good for him. American way, up with capitalism, and all that jazz.
But, then, he took to Facebook Friday to complain about his car getting damaged by the Ferrari dealership. Now, I’m not trying to take anything away from his complaint. It’s a very expensive car and I would certainly be angry if my much, MUCH less expensive Acura was damaged at the dealership. But, there is something rather unbecoming about a man whining about his quarter of a million dollar car when millions of people in America remain out of work and the entire world is waiting to see if our economy will collapse again under petty political punditry. So, of course, his complaining quickly went viral with everyone from small bloggers to Gawker telling the tale.
The part of this story that jumped out at me was that one of his friends, coming to his defense with genuine concern, suggests Chahal leverage the “power of Twitter” to get even with the dealership. Ironically, it was the power of Twitter and Facebook that had the opposite effect and created a storm of bad press.
So, remember what I’ve always said, people. Context is king. And, the context of a rich man’s dented car versus people going to bed hungry is what turned a king into a court jester in a matter of minutes.
|
2021-03-06T04:10:51Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178374391.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20210306035529-20210306065529-00229.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.984757
| 405
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:47a6e327-a441-4eec-9f6e-8664bdd7c43f>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://jenniferjonesblog.com/2011/07/31/millionaire-whines-on-facebook-creates-social-media-backlash/"
}
|
We’ve been waiting for Pat Sajak to finally lose it on Wheel of Fortune and boy did he almost do it tonight. During the last spin puzzle, Lee and his buddy Mitch (it’s “best friends week) guessed the letter ‘N.’ There was one up on the board and frankly, with almost nothing there, we thought it would just move on to the next set of contestants.
Lee screamed “RIDING A BROWN HORSE”—which, to be honest, was a spot-on guess for the number of letters. Unfortunately, “riding a brown horse” is a super weird answer, even by Wheel of Fortune standards. It was not correct.
The next set of contestants followed suit by guessing a ‘G.’ Good letter. It was also on the board. Then the woman screamed: “RIDING A WHITE HORSE.”
CUE ANGRY PAT!
If Pat Sajak leaves the set, does Vanna take over? And do they, like, bring a producer on to fill Vanna’s spot? Because, come on, ever since it became “touch screen”, Vanna’s job has become complete nonsense. I mean, she used to turn the letters you guys. That was at least, something.
Anyway, Pat took a chill pill and the answer to the puzzle ended up being “seeing a buddy movie.” Personally, I liked “riding a brown horse” better.
|
2016-08-29T20:05:48Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982965886.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823200925-00009-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.973225
| 325
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://uproxx.com/tv/video-angry-pat-sajak-on-wheel-of-fortune/"
}
|
Prevent Type 2 Diabetes
— A research review, “The Underappreciated Role of Muscle in Health and Disease,” published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition indicated that increasing daily high-quality protein intake may optimize muscle strength and metabolism, and ultimately improve overall health. A growing body of evidence suggests muscle metabolism may also play a role in the prevention of many chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes.
— Calcium isn’t the only nutrient important for bone health. Bones also need enough protein to reach their peak performance. A study confirmed that adults between the ages of 50 and 69 who ate more protein-rich foods, such as beef, demonstrate the importance of dietary protein for optimal bone health, which can have a significant impact on overall health and independence.
Add Vitamin B to your Anti-Alzheimer’s Arsenal
— Adults anemia and cognitive more, research found that people consuming more than 22.4 milligrams of niacin, or to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline.
There are 29 cuts of beef
that met government guidelines for “lean” with less than 10 grams of total fat, 4.5 grams or less of saturated fat, and less than 95 milligrams of cholesterol per 3-ounce serving. Surprisingly half the fatty acids in lean beef are monounsaturated, the same heart-healthy type found in olive oil. Lean beef delivers high-quality protein in a nutrient-rich, low caloric package, and is a delicious addition to any meal.
is an excellent source of high-quality protein. In addition to protein, one 3-ounce serving of lean beef provides an excellent or good source of nine other key.
Keep Weight In Check
— Many adults do not get enough protein in their diet because they are restricting calories in an effort to manage weight. However, eating lean protein is essential for maintaining lean body mass, which helps promote an active or healthy metabolism. Making dietary changes such as adding high-quality protein can ultimately lead to improved weight protein promotes satiety, eating a protein-rich meal or snack helps you feel full longer, and satisfies hunger.
Heme vs. Nonheme Iron
— Lean meats contain heme iron, which is much more easily absorbed by the body than nonheme iron found in plant foods. Heme iron is an important dietary component for promoting cognitive health, including memory, ability to learn and reasoning. Heme iron is particularly beneficial for growing children because research indicates that some toddlers are at higher risk for iron deficiency, and childhood and “meat factor,”beef helps the body absorb nonheme iron. Unlike plant proteins, beef is the food supply’s most easily absorbed source of iron. In addition, beef is an excellent source of readily available zinc.The absorption of zinc from beef is about four times greater than that from a high-fiber breakfast cereal. As with iron, including meat in your diet also improves the absorption of zinc from other foods.
The Caloric Cost of Plant Protein
- A 3-ounce serving of lean beef offers the most protein with the fewest calories when compared to plant proteins such as peanut butter, black beans and tofu.
- A 3-ounce serving of lean beef is about 180calories.You would have to eat 670 calories of peanut butter (more than 7 tablespoons) to get the same amount of protein.
- A person would need to consume two to three times the calories provided in a 3-ounce serving of beef to get an equivalent amount of protein from a veggie burger.
Calorie-for-calorie, beef is one of the most naturally nutrient-rich foods. According to research published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, beef is the number one source of protein, zinc, and vitamins.
- Red meat’s fat profile is often misunderstood and a common misperception is that animal proteins provide only saturated fat. Surprisingly, half the fat in beef is monounsaturated, the same type of heart-healthy fat found in salmon and olive oil. In addition, one-third of the saturated fat in beef is stearic acid, which studies have shown has a neutral or cholesterol- lowering effect.
|
2018-02-24T11:54:25Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891815560.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20180224112708-20180224132708-00705.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.949419
| 874
|
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:7a402d2f-202b-4c84-97fa-43e08a096974>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.orcattlewomen.org/team-beef/resources/"
}
|
Imprint: Kodansha Comics
Magazine: Bessatsu Friend
Original Run: Dec 13, 2018 – TBD
Total Volumes: TBD
Isaku Senagaki will be a first year high school student starting in spring. Her grandfather is the third head of the Senagaki group, a yakuza organization, so she is feared by those around her. However, starting from spring, she hopes to make normal friends and normally fall in love.
She is admitted into a high school further from her hometown, however, the overprotective young head of the Senagaki group, Keiya Utou, (26 years old) falsifies his age and enters the school with her through a backdoor admission.
Keiya proclaims that love is too early for her although Isaku is perfectly ready. In truth, she has held an unrequited love for Keiya for quite some time.
Reading Level: Intermediate
|
2021-11-29T06:23:08Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964358688.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20211129044311-20211129074311-00621.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.954604
| 214
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:d285b15b-b3ef-423a-9d5f-884eede586c6>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://japaneseplease.com/product/ojou-to-banken-kun-vol-6/?v=13a5de22bbda"
}
|
EXCLUSIVE RAMONAS VIDEO PREMIERE!
THE RAMONAS are back with a brand new video which they’re launching exclusively with Vive Le Rock!
‘Poser’ is lifted from First World Problems, the band’s first album of original material. It’s available to buy on CD here and as a download from iTunes and all the usual download sites. A vinyl edition is set to follow in December.
The band have the following upcoming dates….
26 NOV – LEWES CON CLUB, LEWES (w/ UK SUBS)
2 DEC – CROYDON ROCKS FESTIVAL, CROYDON
7 DEC – BLACK MARKET VIP, HASTINGS
15 DEC – LOUISIANA, BRISTOL
23 DEC – FORUM, TUNBRIDGE WELLS (w/ ANTI NOWHERE LEAGUE)
|
2018-03-23T09:15:48Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257648205.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20180323083246-20180323103246-00712.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.807362
| 193
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:54241c5b-d1bc-472e-8c67-8dc22845248d>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://vivelerock.net/exclusive-ramonas-video-premiere/"
}
|
TS HyperDocs securely and transparently digitizes all transactions, documents, and signatures from TouchStar’s Mobility Applications, eliminating the need for enterprise-based paper copies. Dynamic record access and rules-based automated archiving are defining features of HyperDocs. Automatic customer emails for same-day transactions and multi-transaction auto collating for large, complex enterprises are part of its scalable document management capabilities.
Use TS HyperDocs to:
- Make Paper Copies of Transactions Unnecessary with electronic signature capture and powerful field back-up systems.
- Minimize Disputes with real-time, downloadable summary transactions, payment schedules, and customer documents that are reproducible through simple screen display, printer, email, fax, web download or automated export file format for ERP systems.
- Perform Storage and Retrieval for Any Data Format, including 3rd party PDF and JPEG images that are securely reproduced via binary encryption and cannot be altered.
Contact Us Today about TS HyperDocs
Take Advantage of our Global Support & Services
Prepare to Grow as Your Fleet Needs Increase
Download the TS HyperDocs PDF
|
2019-02-23T14:39:34Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550249504746.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20190223142639-20190223164639-00070.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.846085
| 232
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-09",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:c67bb8bb-f9a4-4810-abc3-1a1cee8f1ac3>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.touchstardev.com/ts-hyperdocs/"
}
|
I use the brown one for my eyebrows. I like the color and how it stays on and does not rub off. Of course i use a little eyebrow gel so it adheres to the skin, what I like most though is that I do not need to use much. it seems like I have been using it for months and its an endless container of eyeshadow and in my case browshadow. Great product and worth the money.
It has been difficult to find an eyeshadow that performs just like MAC but i did it. QUO eye shadow matte finish performs just as effectively as MAC - applies without fine dust spraying where it shouldn't and it lasts all day.
It's much more expensive (they have really good sales around Christmas) but good quality ans lasts all day.
Easy to use and goes on easily without wasting a lot of product.
Quo is Shoppers' house line for make up, and I've had various experiences with their make up products, but I think their eyeshadow is really quite good for the price point. Generally available in collections each season, it's line that SDM doesn't promote very much, and it's a shame. The packaging is also stunning.
I have the Quo Eyeshadow Palette in Smokey. It comes with 7 colours in neutral shades that you can layer for a natural or more dramatic look. I find that it goes on and blends well. Sometimes it can rub off a little if I have too much on or haven't used a primer. All of the shades except one have a shimmer to them, the last is a matte dark brown, and I love them all!
i like these eyeshadows but they are fairly pricey and i feel there is nothing special about them.
QUO eye shadow has been my go-to eyeshadow for the past ten years, and while the colors have changed vastly, I still (STILL) am rocking one I purchased literally a decade ago, and its still as awesome as the day I got it. This one pictures is called Elektronika and it goes on either SUPER BLUE or so subtly with a shimmer of sparkle; SO awesome for a "light smokey" eye effect, as in winter with the bright white snow then frosty light blue snowy eye shadow..
I know, I know, replace makeups often and regularly so as to avoid contamination. I do that with mascaras and lip stuff, but for anything that is applied with a brush, I was the brush after every single application so as to never contaminate the pot of makeup.
And, unfortunately, after going to Shopper's the other day I cannot find the extreme colors Quo used to make; rather they seem pretty subdued now, but hey still a great brand !
Further - QUO is a Canadian brand and I will always, ALWAYS support Canadian brands first above any other country's brands.
These reviews are the subjective opinions of ChickAdvisor members and not of ChickAdvisor Inc.
|
2017-01-19T00:18:35Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00324-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.97397
| 617
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-04",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:1cdfbf3c-d412-4bff-bc08-4e1fabaf679b>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.chickadvisor.com/item/quo-eyeshadow/"
}
|
The National Youth Theatre of Great Britain are offering one emerging director the opportunity to become part of the 2018 NYT REP Company. The successful applicant will support the work of the NYT REP Company, assistant direct the REP Company's productions, direct a scratch performance and receive mentoring from an industry professional.
NEW! Applicants for this role are now open to anyone aged between 18-30 and who have an interest in working with emerging talent. (Meaning you no longer need to have been a member of the National Youth Theatre to apply)
We're very grateful to everyone who has donated to The Bryan Forbes Bursary Fund for making this opportunity possible.
"The Bryan Forbes Bursary was not only an incredible step into a new professional network, but an opportunity to train and work alongside some of the brightest people in the industry" - 2016 recipient Sean Hollands
The purpose of this Bursary opportunity is to learn the skills of a Director through practical experience and learning. The Assistant Director will support the work of The NYT REP Company. In order to do this they are expected to attend all relevant meetings and to assist on several productions over the course of the 7 month period. The Assistant Director will also train alongside the actors in the REP Company developing knowledge and understanding of the performer.
Title of role
The Bryan Forbes NYT REP Assistant Director
The 2018 NYT REP Company is due to run from 21st May - December 2018. This is not an employment contract. The length of the role is 8 months full time, including evenings and weekends when appropriate and as required.
The successful applicant with receive a £10,000 bursary to support their training and development
Expectations of the Assistant Director:
- To work with the National Youth Theatre team and to take on any duties in support of the work of The National Youth Theatre as required by them.
- To attend weekly meetings with NYT’s Associate Director to support the training programme and assess progress.
- To attend production meetings for the REP shows.
- To train alongside the fellow REP company members
- Where appropriate, to support the work of the following areas: casting, literary and international.
- To see all National Youth Theatre productions at preview stage, offering constructive feedback via the Associate Director
- To adhere to and promote the company’s policies in relation to equal opportunities, health and safety, diversity, environment.
- To be Assistant Director on a number of National Youth Theatre REP productions, and, in doing so to satisfy the demands of the Director of the production, which may include:
- Providing research material for rehearsals as instructed by the Director.
- Arrange visiting experts for the rehearsals.
- Supporting the Director in rehearsals – this may involve contributing to rehearsal discussions, taking note of rehearsal progress, supervising second rehearsals (e.g. dance calls), assisting with scheduling rehearsal calls, and on rare occasions leading rehearsals in Director’s absence.
- Supporting the REP actors in rehearsals, such as assisting with line learning.
- Supporting the Stage Management and technical team in rehearsals and during technical rehearsals, such as standing in for actors during lighting sessions.
- Supporting the Director during technical rehearsals and previews; checking sightlines, taking performance notes, rehearsing scene changes.
- To monitor the productions during their run. This involves watching each performance, taking note of any corrections that need to be made, feeding back a report to the Director, and where instructed by the Director, offering feedback to the performers.
- Proven experience as a theatre director/assistant director – at least one professional, reviewed show, and previous assisting experience highly preferable
- Excellent written and verbal communication skills.
- Ability to give strong notes and to be observant and constructive when watching rehearsals and performances
- An ability to multi-task and respond reliably to tasks as required by the artistic team
- Be positive and approachable when dealing with a wide range of artists at all levels
- Highly organised and self-motivated, and meticulous about detail
- Computer literate
If you have any questions about this role please email firstname.lastname@example.org
Hear Sean's story - the recipient of the 2016 Bryan Forbes Assistant Director Bursary
|
2021-10-20T06:43:50Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585302.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20211020055136-20211020085136-00203.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.950012
| 885
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:4bf95de7-131b-4269-9800-2ef185691d85>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.nyt.org.uk/about-us/news/bryan-forbes-assistant-director-bursary-now-open"
}
|
Aliscio Blissful Bath and Shower Gel – Vanilla Enchantment
Beautifully scented, Aliscio’s Vanilla Enchantment Blissful Bath and Shower Gel is nourishing and soothing for your skin whilst relaxing and calming for your mind.
This perfectly formulated gel gently cleanses and moisturises your body leaving your skin soft and smooth.
If you need a pick me up after a stressful and busy day – Treat yourself to a refreshing and luxurious experience with Aliscio’s Vanilla Enchantment Blissful Bath and Shower Gel .
Hydrating, nourishing and beautifully fragranced– Aliscio’s Blissful Bath and Shower Gels will leave your skin cleansed, softened and moisturised.
Exquisitely blended with natural ingredients and purifying essential oils, these bath gels will delight your senses and will leave your skin free from dirt, sweat, and impurities.
Ideal for all skin types including sensitive and problem skin you will love how soft and smooth your skin will feel.
For a luxurious shower experience apply a small amount of your favourite Aliscio Blissful Bath and Shower Gel on a loofah, washcloth or sponge. Gently rub onto your skin and rinse well. For a truly divine bath, add a small amount of gel to warm running water. You only need a small amount so a little goes a long way.
Aliscio’s Blissful Bath and Shower Gels are available in 6 beautiful blends: Tropical Paradise, Moonlit Magic, Garden Splendour, Lavender Fields, Rose Serenity and Vanilla Enchantment. Treat yourself to the matching body lotion as well. Their individual ingredients and subtle aromas are superb.
As with all Aliscio cosmetics, Aliscio’s Blissful Bath and Shower Gels are 100% natural, totally vegan and cruelty free. Aliscio cosmetics are proudly Australian made.
Vanilla Enchantment Ingredients: Water, Coco Betaine, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil*, Citric Acid, Glycerine*, Sodium Chloride (Salt), Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Extract, Vanilla Planifolia Oil, Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Leaf Oil*
|
2017-07-28T02:30:33Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549436321.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170728022449-20170728042449-00550.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.831928
| 469
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.aliscio.com.au/product/aliscio-blissful-bath-and-shower-gel-vanilla-enchantment/"
}
|
The hd P18
is from an acoustic point of view identical to the hd Sub18
with the difference that the hd P-Series
houses the high-end hd MultiDSP and powerful Class-D amplifiers in the same housing and thus becomes the basic building block for every mobile Plug & Play system. This new DSP platform now enables all processing and control functions of large sound systems in easy-to-use plug & play active system.
On the rear panel there are level meters for each input and output channel, as well as a USB interface for setting and managing all audio parameters via PC. The extremely powerful DSP offers FIR and IIR filters for the exact adaptation of the PA system to the respective application. The input section includes a routing matrix, a function generator (sine and noise generator) and a freely configurable equalizer per input channel with 16 IIR filters and a 384 taps FIR filter. Each output channel has 16 IIR filters, 384 taps FIR filters, 100 ms delay, 180° phase reversal, peak limiters, RMS limiters, gain and mute.
There are 20 factory presets for all Harmonic Design speaker system configurations stored for direct recall to the device so that it can always be reset to a defined default state of the system. This guarantees highest reliability of the connected speakers and ensures a very dynamic and linear sound. For user-specific settings, another 20 freely configurable user presets are available to save and manage individual configurations. A well-readable 4-line LCD display with 3.2″ screen size and 5 navigation buttons on the hd P18 enable easy and intuitive operation of all functions, as well as the loading of factory or user presets directly on the device without a PC.
All functions are clearly arranged via the USB interface and remote control software hd LevelZ. This makes it possible to adapt the PA system to the changing requirements from day to day in the shortest possible time and makes the usual complete system change, for a small or large event, superfluous. In addition, the new and easy-to-use hd LevelZ PC remote software provides even more detailed information on individual requirements and an unlimited number of user presets and configurations.
18″ long-excursion speaker for controlled, punchy bass.
The hd P18 Active System Subwoofer is a compact, easy to carry and powerful subwoofer in bass reflex tuning. The specially developed 18″ long-excursion chassis with 5″ voice coil on fiberglass carrier allows an extreme excursion of ±30 mm. Through a ventilation at the pole piece and at the spider, the heat development of the coil is optimally dissipated. Therefore, an extremely high continuous power handling capacity of 1800W / 7200W is possible. The lower heat development also means increased reliability and reduced thermal stress on the voice coil. Excellent dynamics and dry bass reproduction at incredible pressure is the result.
Class D amplifier technology of the latest generation.
The integrated digital power amplifier is equipped with the latest Class D technology. They are designed to meet the highest audio quality and reliability requirements in fixed installation projects and mobile applications. Low weight and compact dimensions, excellent sound and very high efficiency. Due to the extreme efficiency, the heat generation is absolutely minimized compared to conventional analog amplifiers. The power amp needs less cooling and works permanently in the safe area. The power amplifiers incorporates a state-of-the-art, high-efficiency switching mode power supply that can deliver full performance even under difficult grid conditions, such as undervoltage during live events caused by long power lines, and far superior to conventional power supplies with universal operating ranges from 95V to 265V. To play a sound event as realistic as possible, a large headroom is required. With an extremely high power of over 4000W / RMS we offer the highest dynamics for a natural and accurate reproduction.
Perfect system thinking and unlimited flexibility.
Thanks to the hd P18 active system subwoofer, a long-awaited dream of musicians and sound systems becomes reality: one for all! With only one hd P18 it is possible to drive two or four top cabinets or column speakers in addition to another passive hd Sub18. And it goes even further: The powerful amplifier allows you to adapt the active system to constantly changing sound requirements. Depending on the size of the room and the optical requirements, you can connect small, medium or large mid / high speakers to the active bass and, if required, supply a complete PA including two monitor ways with two hd P18. The DSP always guarantees optimum sound at all levels and highest operational reliability. The active system saves a lot of weight, cargo space and set-up time. In addition, the Plug & Play system minimizes cabling and thus potential sources of error.
The hd MultiDSP open architecture platform guarantees perfect control over all relevant system components using the easy-to-use, windows based hd LevelZ
remote software. This new DSP platform now enables all the processing and control functions of large sound systems in easy-to-use plug and play device.
The input section includes a routing matrix, a function generator (sine and noise generator), and 16 input channel IIR filters each, which can be configured as variable highpass / lowpass / allpass / peak / shelf / notch filters, and a 384 taps FIR filter. There are 16 IIR filters per output channel that can be configured as variable highpass / lowpass / allpass / peak / shelf / notch filters, 384 taps FIR filter, 100 ms delay, 180° phase inversion, peak limiter, RMS limiter, gain and mute available.
There are 20 factory presets for all Harmonic Design speaker system configurations stored for direct recall to the device so that it can always be reset to a defined default state of the system. This guarantees highest reliability of the connected speakers and ensures a very dynamic and linear sound. For user-specific settings, another 20 freely configurable user presets are available to save and manage individual configurations. With the software, the individual requirements can be discussed in more detail and unlimited user presets and configurations can be managed.
||bass reflex system
||1x 18“N long excursion chassis with 5“ voice coil,
vented at pole piece and spider
||active up to max. 160 Hz
|Power handling capacity (RMS/Peak)
||1800 W / 7200 W
||35 Hz – 160 Hz
|Sensitivity (1 W / 1 m)
|Max. sound pressure (1 m)
||hd MultiDSP 2In/4Out with FIR/IIR filter
multistage limiter architecture
hd LevelZ remote software
3.2″ LCD with navigation buttons and USB
||2x XLR input+ 2x XLR link (balanced)
1x NL4 output TOP L (2-pole)
1x NL4 output TOP R & SUB (4-pole)
1x XLR AUX output
1x Powercon mains input
|Dimensions (W x H x D)
||536 x 542 x 600 mm
||18 mm multiplex birch wood
baffle 30 mm multiplex birch wood
polyurea plastic coating black
steel grille coated
prepared for wheels
M20 thread insert
||Transport Protection Cover
hd SlientWheels Set
|
2021-11-29T21:20:39Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964358842.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20211129194957-20211129224957-00001.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.861614
| 1,620
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.harmonic-design.com/products/loudspeaker/hd-p18/"
}
|
" Walking Chair's sound you sit in, SONIC-CHAIR a design installation by Holger Fritzlar, Frank Hussong, Michael Kientzler & Daniela Reuter. "The open design ensures a resonance-receptive, well-balanced sound environment. The active and passive sound insulation creates an acoustic island. Background noises will not disrupt the enjoyment of music or an audio book in the sonic chair, and what the listener chooses to hear is hardly audible beyond the chair."
Source: MoCo Loco
|
2017-10-19T03:19:37Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187823220.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20171019031425-20171019051425-00304.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.851098
| 106
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://design-leb.blogspot.com/2007/07/sonic-chair.html"
}
|
Blade steel: High carbon steel laminated with soft steel
Largest diameter it will cut: 1/4"
Overall length: 6.5"
Blade length: 1.75"
Ikenobo shears are designed with a handle style called a warabi and the blades are designed to make fine cuts which is required for flower arrangements to allow the flowers to easily absorb water. Also, the rounded handle (the bottom of the handle) can be used to crush a flower stem to improve water absorption (this method is used to expose the fibers of the stem to encourage water absorption).
Genzo series are produced by Genzo Hamono Manufacturing Co. located in Niigata prefecture. They come with a strong blade and hold up its edge a long time but requires the edge to be wiped clean and dry after use to prevent rust. The shears comes with a leather blade cover.
This product can potentially expose you to chemicals including lead, nickel and chromium which are known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to www.P65Warning.ca.gov
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|
2023-12-05T03:28:20Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100540.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205010358-20231205040358-00387.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.883412
| 337
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://hidatool.com/item/2366"
}
|
Snappening, LLC Website Privacy Statement
The privacy, confidence, and trust of individuals who visit the snappening.com website are important to us. No personal information is collected at this site unless it is provided voluntarily by an individual while participating in an activity that asks for the information. The following paragraphs disclose the information gathering and usage practices for the website.
Collection of Information
Snappening, LLC only collects the personal information that is necessary to provide the information or services requested by an individual. “Personal information” refers to any information relating to an identified or identifiable individual who is the subject of the information. This is the same information that an individual might provide when visiting our office and it includes such items as an individual’s name, address, or phone number. We also collect statistical information that helps us understand how people are using the website so we can continually improve our services. The information collected is not associated with any specific individual and no attempt is made to profile individuals who browse the website.
Use of Information
Snappening, LLC uses the collected information to respond appropriately to requests. This may be to respond directly to you or to improve the website. E-mail or other information requests sent to Snappening, LLC may be retained for future use by Snappening, LLC.
Snappening, LLC is committed to the security of the information that is either available from or collected by this website. Snappening, LLC has taken multiple steps to safeguard the integrity of its telecommunications and computing infrastructure, including but not limited to, authentication, monitoring, auditing, and encryption.
Links to Other Sites
This website may have links to other websites. Snappening, LLC is not responsible for the content or privacy practices of these sites and suggests you review their privacy statements.
Under 13 / Children
Snappening, LLC will not knowingly collect information about persons under the age of 13 without prior parental consent. If you are under the age of 13 you must ask a parent or guardian for help. While Snappening, LLC takes steps to ensure the accuracy and completeness of product and third-party services provided, please refer to the originator of information for details, for example the manufacturer and/or website for complete details.
|
2021-04-12T16:50:57Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038067870.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20210412144351-20210412174351-00063.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.924304
| 461
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://snappening.com/privacy-policy/"
}
|
MOGADISHU, Somalia (AFP) – Somalia's Al-Qaeda linked Shebab insurgents said Wednesday they had attacked and shot their way into a key United Nations compound in the capital Mogadishu, the first major attack in recent years targeting the UN.
"Our commandos have attacked the UN compound... we set off an explosion and have entered the compound, where we are fighting with the infidel forces," a senior Shebab official told AFP.
An AFP reporter said a loud explosion had been heard followed by heavy gunfire from the complex -- home to UN humanitarian agencies -- but the insurgents' claims they had entered the compound could not be immediately verified.
Government-run Radio Mogadishu reported that gunfire could be heard inside the compound, and that the attack had started after a suicide bomber blew himself up at the gates of the complex.
However, a UN source in Nairobi said that "all staff are in a safe room" inside the compound.
The compound -- including both residential and office areas -- is a short distance from the airport zone, the base of the African Union troops, but is guarded by its own security officers.
Somalia's capital has been hit by a series of attacks including suicide and car bombers, mortar attacks and shootings, although in recent weeks the city has been relatively calm.
Islamist Shebab militants used to control most of the seaside capital until it abandoned fixed positions in August 2011, but the insurgents have since carried out a string of attacks against the UN-backed government.
The last major attack was in April, when the Shebab sent a nine-man suicide commando unit to blast its way into Mogadishu's main court complex, some blowing up their explosives vests while others sprayed gunfire in a rampage that killed 34.
|
2017-07-21T09:31:08Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549423764.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170721082219-20170721102219-00060.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972365
| 369
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/06/19/shebab-insurgents-attack-un-compound-in-mogadishu.html"
}
|
The Dallas museum of Art has announced the nine recipients of its 2011 artist awards. The four DeGolyer Fund (for artists between 15 and 25 years of age) recipients are Lindsey Allgood, a grad student at the University of Oklahoma, who will use the award funds to travel to the Summerwork Residency Program at the University of Wisconsin and to Boston, where she will study with performance artist Faith Johnson and perform at a gallery. Artist/anthropologist Diedrick Brackens, will use the award funds to travel to New York’s Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture to conduct research on black life in the Americas. Photographer Kasumi Chow will use her award to purchase a large-format camera. Weaver Sarah Zapata will purchase a loom.
The three 2011 Arch and Anne Giles Kimbrough Fund (for Texas artists under the age 30) Award recipients are Xxavier Edward Carter, who will produce a new series of mixed media works based around language and abstraction. Kerry Pacillio will create a music video for the Kinks’ 1987 song “Property” and will portray each band member. Edward Setina, a Dallas-based installation artist, will create an eight-foot illuminated Plexiglas cube in which he will reside for the duration of a 24 hour performance.
The two 2011 Otis and Velma Davis Dozier Travel Grant recipients are Joshua Goode who will travel across Africa and Europe to visit centers of mythology, ritual, and religion; and Kevin Todora, who will attend the 2011 Venice Biennale.
also by Bill Davenport
- Lego My Art! - January 30th, 2016
- Archive: Painting on My Planet/The Top Ten Painters in Houston - January 1st, 2016
- Archive: Tire Iron 0: Cropduster: Hills Snyder/Chris Sauter - December 28th, 2015
- DMA Crane Flip Video - April 26th, 2015
- Helmreich New Dean of Fine Arts at TCU - April 25th, 2015
|
2016-09-26T10:34:07Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738660746.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173740-00264-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.910522
| 419
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-40",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:509db2ca-0754-4104-9af7-d0613f0d3961>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://glasstire.com/2011/05/26/dallas-museum-of-art-presents-2011-awards-to-nine-artists/"
}
|
We decided it was very silly to mow a rapidly overgrowing dog paddock when we have a perfectly good cow on the place. And Princess Stubborn is getting better about being handled. So we manage to clip a lead to her collar and lure her into the paddock (with liberal applications of treats of course).
Naturally, when it was time for one of us to leave for work, catching her again was impossible. So Stella is spending the night in the dog run.
She seems a bit bored with the whole thing now, and wants back in to her barn. But I can't handle her alone, so she's SOL. I did manage to clip the lead back on, and she ran around throwing a hissy fit about it. Unfortunately, I can't leave it on her, because she could get her feet or horns caught up in it and really hurt herself. So once she calmed down and started snacking on hay, I started doling out apple slices. She let me grab her collar and unclip the lead without too many histrionics, which bodes well for our recapture attempt tomorrow. I'm also hoping she is so thoroughly bored, and tired of not having a barn to rest in, that she'll get with the program and let us lead her back to the barnyard in a jiffy.
It was hilarious to see her drink out of the dog's water bowl (which I missed getting a picture of) but I drew the line at her snuffling around the hooves and beef rib they left behind. I took them out and she made the "smell face" like critters do.
Now she's alternating between checking the gate, lying down, and staring at the goats & the house. She has such a grass belly! Hopefully she'll just sleep when it gets dark and not set up a hollering commotion. And hopefully it doesn't rain on her, though maybe it would help get the point across that she should let the annoying pink monkeys lead her around sometimes...
|
2017-04-26T08:00:08Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121216.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00101-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.985889
| 415
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://seventrees.blogspot.com/2007/04/stella-goes-camping.html"
}
|
Location: Marcy l'Etoile, France
Position Type: Unfixed Term
Job Function: Marketing
A world leader in the field of in vitro diagnostics for over 55 years, bioMérieux conceives, develops, produces and markets diagnostics solutions (systems, reagents, software and services) intended for clinical and industrial applications, which determine the origin of a disease or a contamination to improve the health of patients and insure consumer safety.
bioMérieux is present in 44 countries and serves more than 160 countries with the support of a large network of distributors. Its corporate headquarters are located in Marcy l’Étoile, near Lyon, in France.
Joining bioMérieux is choosing to be a part of an innovative company with a long term vision, committed to the service of public health and carried out with a human-centered corporate culture.
Our Company offers numerous opportunities for professional development. You want to help save lives across the globe? Join the 13,000 employees of bioMérieux!
Reporting to Vice President BioFire EME, the BioFire Marketing Manager EME Decentralized Testing/POC will be responsible for designing and implementing the marketing strategy for their portfolio/products/segments in order to maximize the EME business results (revenue, margin, contribution, customer satisfaction) within the Company guidelines and strategy respect. The BioFire Marketing Manager EME Decentralized Testing/POC will be the primary contact for the clusters / national Marketing teams and will interface with the Global Marketing team.
What will your responsibilities be within bioMérieux?
Main accountabilities include:
Who are you?
Studies and Experience:
Skills and Qualifications:
This position is open to any location within EME with travel expected.
Working at bioMérieux means being involved long term with a pioneering, visionary and constantly growing company that allows its employees to live a stimulating and inspiring experience in a fulfilling work environment
Our internal mobility policy offers numerous opportunities for each of our 13 000 employees to blossom throughout their career, while respecting each employee’s individual talents as well as their personal and professional development.
At bioMérieux, over 200 professions - both scientific and non-scientific - offer our employees the opportunity to broaden their fields of expertise and develop cross-functional careers. We provide a rewarding experience in an international company that brings together talents from diverse backgrounds, thus fostering a daily aspiration to go beyond the limits.
Helping improve public health around in the world : our mission gives purpose to every profession practiced within the company.
bioMérieux is an Equal Opportunity, Affirmative Action Employer. M/F/Vet/Disability/Sexual Orientation/Gender Identity/GINA.
|
2022-01-21T22:51:00Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320303717.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220121222643-20220122012643-00517.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.915038
| 582
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://careers.biomerieux.com/jobs/7256970-marketing-manager-eme-point-of-care"
}
|
Ann L Aiken, the Chief Judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon has gone on the record to voice her criticism of the US legal education system in general and law schools in particular for the burden of
Law firm news by topic » Legal
The American Bar Association’s Council of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar has voted against accrediting law schools outside the United States. The vote, which came in at 15-0 with two abstentions, comes
The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) is planning several permanent Legal Aid Clinics (LACs) at the Taluk level.
Companies that choose to outsource work to save money may be buying themselves more legal trouble than it's worth, according to new research. Kroll's annual global corporate fraud survey, which canvassed more than 700
In a hearing on the Google Adwords case yesterday, the Madras High Court vacated the interim ex-parte order against Google after hearing Senior Counsel Mr. T.S. Raman, who appeared on behalf of Google. On September 23,
Lord Justice Jackson's Preliminary Report on Civil Litigation Costs was published on 8 May 2009. I did not immediately rush to comment on this report for three reasons:
The heart of the problem concerning ATE premium levels was identified recently by Paul Ashurst writing in the New Law Journal: "one party buys insurance cover without handing over any cash and then hands the bill to the
If you think advertising in the Yellow Pages is not right for your law firm, you may be right. But not so fast.
If you are injured and seeking compensation then you have to aware of various issues involved in the compensation claim process. There are several instances where insurance companies use underhand tactics in order to
As if you needed someone to tell you, the global economic downturn has also been felt in the legal sector. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, the legal sector lost 5500 jobs for both lawyers and support
Barack Obama has been president-elect for less than 48 hours, but Washington, D.C., lawyers are already in the throes of one of their favorite guessing games: Who'll get key jobs in the new administration?
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At a time when the off-shoring industry is plagued with instances of employee lay-offs, companies providing legal process outsourcing (LPO) services are on a hiring spree as demand for litigation services from the US
Attempts to open up the Indian legal market to foreign law firms look set for further delays as the country gears up for a general election. Chris Wyman, head of Clifford Chance’s India group, said: “Since the
'Value pricing' requires managing a new way. Some attorneys claim it really is possible to make more money while charging less. The secret lies in vastly improved work efficiency.
|
2019-02-22T01:43:48Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247512461.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20190222013546-20190222035546-00600.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.961814
| 620
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://biglaw.org/news/tags/legal"
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|
Lawrence I. Davidson practices in the areas of employee benefits and executive compensation. His practice covers a broad spectrum of matters including consultation and design of qualified and nonqualified plans, fiduciary issues arising in connection with the investment of plan assets, termination of benefit programs within the context of chapters 7 and 11 proceedings, multiemployer withdrawal liability issues, welfare benefit plans (including HIPAA and COBRA compliance), retiree benefit issues and benefit issues in connection with corporate mergers, acquisitions and divestitures. As part of his compliance practice, Mr. Davidson negotiates with various regulatory agencies (IRS, PBGC and U.S. Department of Labor) in connection with audits of employee benefit plans and structures settlements through the various regulatory voluntary compliance programs to cure operational and documentation errors in connection with qualified plans.
Mr. Davidson also counsels organizations and individuals with regard to tax-exemption matters. His practice involves qualification of organizations as tax-exempt entities under Code Section 501(c)(3) and registration as not-for-profit entities under state laws. Additional consulting is provided with regard to operational issues, including reorganizations, mergers, successorship and dissolution.
Mr. Davidson is a member of the Employee Benefits Committee as well as former chair of Division D (Compensation and Benefits) of the Federal Taxation Committee of the Chicago Bar Association. He is also a member of the American Bar Association, the National Association of Stock Plan Professionals and former chair of the Employee Benefits Committee of the Illinois CPA Society. He has authored several articles on the subject of retirement and pension plans. A certified public accountant, he is a graduate of The John Marshall Law School (LL.M., taxation, 1979; J.D., 1975) and a graduate of the University of Illinois.
Areas of Practice
- Represented iAnthus Capital Holdings, Inc. as U.S. counsel in connection on employee benefit matters with its all-stock merger agreement with MPX Bioceutical Corp., offering equity consideration to MPX shareholders valued at $1.6 billion. The agreement – which is still subject to shareholder approval – represents the first “public to public” merger in U.S. cannabis history.
- Represented Newport Credentialing Solutions, LLC, a leader in cloud-based credentialing and provider enrollment software and services, with respect to employee benefit and executive compensation matters, in its acquisition by TractManager, Inc., the healthcare industry’s largest supplier of strategic sourcing and contract lifecycle management (CLM) solutions.
- Represented Intermarket Communications, Inc., a New York strategic communications consultancy, on employee benefit matters in its sale to Lansons Communications LLP, a leading London independent reputation management consultancy, to form an entity (Lansons Intermarket) with a combined annual fee income of about £13 million ($17 million). Lansons acquired an initial 51% of Intermarket in cash with the remaining 49% stake to be purchased in two additional tranches over the next three years based on business performance.
- Represented Enumeral Biomedical Corp. in closing an alternative public offering, allowing the company to raise $21.5 million in a private placement financing in connection with a reverse merger into a publicly held company.
- Represented Monteco Ltd. and Green Turtle Americas Ltd., a leading provider of composite wastewater pretreatment solutions for commercial, institutional and industrial applications, in the acquisition by Zurn Industries, LLC of Green Turtle and two related Canadian businesses.
- Represented with respect to employee benefit matters a clean technology company in the sale of the stock of a stormwater treatment company to a civil engineering site solutions company.
- Counsel to public company with regard to executive compensation matters, proxy disclosures and CD&A, tax compliance with Code Section 162 (m), development of omnibus compensation programs, employment agreements and deferred compensation plans.
- Counsel to Norwegian company on disposition of all North American employee benefit arrangements in connection with the merger of its soft alloy extrusion business into a newly-created joint venture. The new joint venture created the world's largest aluminum profile company with annual sales of approximately $4.5 billion and 12,000 employees.
- Counsel to pension funds sponsored by a major utility with regard to plan investments in private equity funds, considering ERISA plan assets and prohibited transaction issues.
- Counsel to a national insurance company in its $1.75 billion successful hostile tender offer for target insurance company. Developed strategy for payoff of existing ESOP securities acquisition loans and consequent release of appreciated securities to ESOP participants. The resulting increase in ESOP account values triggered corporate trustee and participants to vote allocated and non-allocated ESOP shares in favor of the takeover.
- Counsel to a major pension fund investment manager on fiduciary issues pertaining to the plan asset regulations, consultation has involved co-investor and fund of fund issues arising in connection with private equity funds and the creation of VCOC, REOC and QPAM structures.
- Counsel to a national insurance company on a fiduciary policy claims by its insureds relating to employer stock fund decline in corporate 401(k) plan. Fiduciary policy claims followed settlement of securities law violations litigation for more than $100 million. Through statistical analysis, demonstrated damages claimed by participants was without significant merit. The class action fiduciary litigation case settled without any policy payment.
- Counsel to a national drug company in a multi-employer pension plan withdrawal liability litigation. By structuring the initial assignment of leases to come within ERISA Section 4204(a) as a sale of assets, the national drug company avoided any withdrawal liability assessment. This determination was upheld by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
- Counsel to an international newspaper conglomerate on all employee benefit plan matters including those arising in connection with the acquisition and disposition of its subsidiary businesses. The firm also provided counsel on the structuring of its qualified plan arrangements under separate line of business rules.
- Counsel to the unsecured creditors committee in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceeding for a national manufacturing conglomerate which sponsored one of the top 50 underfunded defined benefit plans in the United States. Successfully negotiated to reduce the priority status and value assigned to the competing claims of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.
- U.S. Tax Court
- U.S. Court of Claims
- U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois
- Supreme Court of Illinois
- Supreme Court of the United States
- The John Marshall Law School, LL.M., 1979
- The John Marshall Law School, J.D., 1975
- Duane Morris LLP
- Partner, 1999-present
- Holleb & Coff, Chicago, Illinois
- Partner, 1984-1999
- Aaron, Schimberg, Hess and Gilbert, Chicago, Illinois
- Associate, 1983-1984
- Gordon & Glickson, Chicago, Illinois
- Partner, 1981-1983
- Associate, 1975-1981
- American Bar Association
- Certified Public Accountant, Illinois, 1975
- The Chicago Bar Association
- Federal Taxation Committee
-- Former Chair, Division D (Compensation and Benefits)
- Employee Benefits Committee
- Illinois CPA Society
- Former Chair, Employee Benefits Committee
- National Association of Stock Plan Professionals
- National Center for Employee Ownership
Honors and Awards
- Illinois Super Lawyers, 2005, 2012-2016
- AV Preeminent® Peer Review Rated by Martindale-Hubbell®
"What to Do Now About the ERISA Fiduciary Rule," LinkedIn, April 4, 2018
Author, "New Disability Claims Procedure Regulations Take Effect on April 1, 2018," ;Duane Morris Alert, March 14, 2018
- "US DOL New Fiduciary Regulations Became Effective June 9, 2017," LinkedIn, July 6, 2017
- Quoted in "Chicago's Big Employers Say Domestic Partners Need Not Wed for Benefits," Crain's Chicago Business, June 26, 2015
- Co-author, "Stimulus Bill Includes Significant COBRA Changes," Duane Morris Alert, February 20, 2009
- Co-author, "Bailout Legislation Contains Key Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act," Duane Morris Alert, October 9, 2008
- Co-author, "Section 409A Compliance Deadline Fast Approaching," Duane Morris Alert, September 29, 2008
- "Aspirin for Retirement Plan Headaches," California Lawyer, August 2002
- "New Tax Law Provides Opportunity for Greater Savings in Retirement Plans," Los Angeles Daily Journal, April 1, 2002
- "Fiduciary Responsibility and Prohibited Transactions," Employee Benefits Law Handbook, Illinois Institute for Continuing Legal Education, 1994; supplement 1997.
- "Don't Wait for the IRS to Audit Your Qualified Plans: Settle Up With Them Now," Insight, publication of the Illinois CPA Society, August 1994.
- "Curing Health Care Ills," Insight, publication of the Illinois CPA Society, February/March 1993.
- "Pension Plans Hurt By The Recession," Insight, publication of the Illinois CPA Society, July 1, 1992.
Selected Speaking Engagements
- Speaker, Duane Morris' Developments in Workplace Law and Practice, Chicago, May 24, 2017
- Speaker, Duane Morris' Developments in Workplace Law and Practice, Washington DC, May 18, 2017
- Speaker, Duane Morris' Developments in Workplace Law and Practice, New York, May 4, 2017
- "What HR Executives Need to Know Before Renewing Their Company's Health Care Plan for 2012," ExecSense Webinar, September 23, 2011
- "What CEOs Need to Know Before Renewing Their Company's Health Care Plan," ExecSense Webinar, March 8, 2011
- "What CEOs Need to Know Before Renewing Their Company's Health Care Plan," ExecSense Webinar, September 8, 2010
- Speaker, "Duane Morris' Developments in Workplace Law & Practice 2010," New York, May 12, 2010
- Speaker, "Healthcare Reform: What You Need to Know Now," Duane Morris' Developments in Workplace Law and Practice 2010, Chicago, May 4, 2010
- "Wellness Programs and Flexible Benefit Plan Developments," Lorman Seminar, Naperville, Illinois, August 28, 2008
- "What the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) Will Mean for Corporate Wellness Programs," ExecSense webinar, September 25, 2009
- "Pension Protection Act of 2006," Strafford Publications, Inc., Chicago, November 2, 2006
- "The New SEC Executive Compensation Disclosure Rules," Strafford Publications, Inc., Chicago, October 10, 2006
- "Executive Compensation Under IRS, SEC Scrutiny," Strafford Publications, Inc., Chicago, March 9, 2006
- "Split Dollar Insurance and Pension Blackout Periods," National Association of Stock Plan Professionals, Chicago, Illinois, May 2003
- "Developments in Fiduciary Liability," Professional Liability Underwriters' Society Annual Conference, Chicago, Illinois, November 2001
- "Compensation Strategies for Attracting and Retaining Key Employees," sponsored by the Private Business Roundtable, Oakbrook, Illinois, May 15, 2001
- "Positive Part of Negative Enrollment in a 401(k) Plan," Investors Press 2000 DC Visionary Roundtable, Chicago, Illinois, June 27, 2000
- "The Legal Aspects of Paperless Technology for Flexible Benefit Plans,"
- Administrative Management Group sponsored by the Forum on Technology and Employee Benefits, Chicago, Illinois, March 8, 2000
- "Employee Benefit Changes Under the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997," Federal Tax Committee, Chicago Bar Association, September 23, 1998.
- "Acquisitions and Divestitures," Enrolled Actuaries Meeting, co-sponsored by American Academy of Actuaries, Conference of Consulting Actuaries and the Society of Actuaries, March 18, 1997.
- "Civil Actions Against Nonfiduciaries," Midstates Benefits Conference, April 23, 1996; American Society of Pension Actuaries, July 16, 1996
- "Developments in Prohibited Transactions," Law Education Institute and Bureau of National Affairs, January 11, 1996.
- "ERISA Fiduciary Duties," Law Education Institute and Bureau of National Affairs, January 10, 1996.
- "Controlled and Affiliated Service Groups," Illinois CPA Society Employee Benefits Conference, May 16, 1995.
- "Prohibited Transactions Update: Keystone and Other Developments," Law Education Institute and Bureau of National Affairs, January 3, 1995.
- "Voluntary Compliance Resolution Program," Illinois CPA Society Employee Benefits Conference, May 3, 1994 and June 1, 1994.
- "The Appeals Process," Midwest Region Employee Benefits Conference, April 26, 1994.
- "Section 410(b) and Compensation Definitions," Midwest Region Employee Benefits Conference, March 23, 1993.
- "The Proper Mix of Employee Benefits in the 90s," Illinois CPA Society Midwest Accounting Show, May 21, 1992.
- "Fiduciary Responsibility and Prohibited Transactions," Enrolled Actuaries Meeting, co-sponsored by American Academy of Actuaries, Conference of Consulting Actuaries and the Society of Actuaries, March 10, 1993.
- "Controlled Groups and Affiliated Service Organization," Enrolled Actuaries Meeting, co-sponsored by American Academy of Actuaries, Conference of Consulting Actuaries and the Society of Actuaries, March 19, 1992.
- Speaker, "Duane Morris' Developments in Workplace Law & Practice 2010," Washington, D.C., May 11, 2010
|
2020-11-26T04:05:34Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141186414.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20201126030729-20201126060729-00055.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.929354
| 2,850
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-50",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:37a2f1ea-440b-44c3-bb5f-548d13f3eaeb>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.duanemorris.com/attorneys/lawrenceidavidson.html"
}
|
“How on earth do you manage to connect 4 monitors to one computer? How about 6 monitors connected to one computer? Where do you plug all of these monitors in, I don’t get it!” The answer is simple; you use multi-monitors adapters that allow you to plug in multiple monitors through one adapter that plugs in to a USB or another type of port in the back of the computer. It is really quite simple and easy to do and anyone that would like to turn their single monitor computer into a multiple monitor computer can do so with the
help of multi-monitors adapters which are commercially available for anyone to use.
So the next most popular question is, “Are they expensive?” The answer is that they are relatively inexpensive, particularly if you know where to shop and what to look for when you are shopping for multi-monitors adapters. One of the most popular options, in particular for laptop owners is the MATROX DualHead2Go monitor adapter. For a few hundred dollars you can use up to 2 additional monitors with your laptop. This works with most laptops and only takes a minute to set up. The next best option is the TripleHead2Go- this allows you to set up as many three monitors on one computer.
If you are interested in turning your old single monitor computer into a multiple monitor computer then using a multi-monitor adapter is the way to go. Multi-monitor adapters are relatively in expensive and even someone that isn’t very computer savvy can setup a multi-monitor computer with multi-monitors adapters. One of the most popular brands is Matrox DualHead2Go and TripleHead2Go and both are available from online stores such as multi-monitors.com.
|
2018-10-17T06:56:35Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583511063.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20181017065354-20181017090854-00265.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959929
| 359
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:32563ba0-50b5-4586-81e2-eefb3451f4aa>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://multiple-monitor.com/multi-monitors-adapters/"
}
|
CAPE CORAL POLICE DEPARTMENT
Public Affairs Office
1100 Cultural Park Blvd
Cape Coral, FL 33990
Alert Officer Detects Marijuana Grow House; Two Arrested
(February 28, 2012)- On Monday February 27th a Cape Coral Police Officer was investigating a residential burglar alarm activation in the Northwest section of the city when he noticed a strong odor of marijuana coming from another house close by. This experienced, veteran officer suspected that this was a marijuana grow house operation.
The officer began surveillance on 1117 NW 21st Avenue and notified the Cape Coral Police Narcotics Unit. The Narcotics Unit obtained a search warrant for the home. Prior to the execution of the search warrant, Cape Coral Police Officers conducted a traffic stop on a vehicle that left the home. The occupants, Alex Navarro and Alejandro Gonzalez, were detained based on the probable cause for the search warrant and also because they smelled strongly of raw cannabis. Once the residence was secured by the SWAT team, detectives located 46 cannabis plants weighing a total of 119 pounds. The estimated street value is $185,000.
"This was really heads up police work by the officers of the Patrol Bureau's 3rd Platoon. To discover an elaborate grow house operation and arrest two suspects for trafficking marijuana while investigating an unrelated alarm call is pretty amazing. This was a significant arrest, especially if you ask the residents in the neighborhood.
Historically, marijuana grow houses attract violent crime. We've had armed robberies as well as a homicide linked to marijuana grow house operations here in this city. Our Officers and Detectives remain vigilant for these reasons"-Lieutenant Tony Sizemore.
ALEXANDER NAVARRO 5-13-78 4005 SW 27TH AVE CAPE CORAL FL 33914
ALEJANDRO GONZALEZ 12-26-86 38 W LAS PALMAS WAY KISSIMMEE FL 34743
|
2019-03-23T16:35:30Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912202889.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20190323161556-20190323183556-00443.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.942488
| 393
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.capecops.com/newsroom/2012/2/28/alert-officer-detects-marijuana-grow-house-two-arrested.html"
}
|
Zuri Tibby joins Rachel Hilbert at Victoria’s Secret PINK Bus Tour Kick Off event held during the AdvoCare Classic at AT&T Stadium on Saturday (September 3) in Arlington, Texas.
The 21-year-old new Victoria’s Secret model met up with Rachel where they showed off their college team spirit in cute tees from the brand.
Zuri is the newest model to join the Victoria’s Secret ranks after being discovered at a Florida shopping mall.
When she’s not in front of the camera, you’ll find Zuri roller skating, cooking and creating new recipes, and volunteering at Big Dog Rescue Ranch.
10+ pics inside of Zuri Tibby and Rachel Hilbert…
|
2016-10-24T16:25:58Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00525-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.908664
| 153
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.justjaredjr.com/2016/09/05/zuri-tibby-rachel-hilbert-kick-off-victorias-secret-pink-bus-tour/"
}
|
This is a lecture for entrepreneurship elective at the Ateneo Graduate School Of Business, a leading school in the Philippines for MBA education.. It is uploaded at slideshare for the convenience of present and former students for the said elective. This would update them further on progress in entrepreneurship education.
The presentation compares the parts of a business plan to the parts of the lunar service module (lsm) that was very critical in the apollo mission to land men in the moon. The lunar landing would not be possible without the lsm: so with a business without a proper plan.. The analogy will make it easy for students to remember the business plan parts
|
2017-08-17T11:49:14Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886103270.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20170817111816-20170817131816-00418.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952914
| 133
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.slideshare.net/profjorge_entrep/writihg-a-winning-business-plan-business-plan-format-start-your-business-by-planning-it"
}
|
Did you know Amazon Provide Business Accounts for Small Businesses?Most of the stuff I used to buy Online was from Amazon using my personal account, including things that I buy for my business.
I had been doing this for years until I recently discovered Amazon provided special business accounts
Amazon Business is a business-to-business marketplace that combines selection, convenience and the value customers around the world have come to know and love from Amazon, with additional business-specific features including bulk pricing, Pay by Invoice*, downloadable VAT invoices and spend management tools.
Find out more about Amazon Business Here
Mgender LtdFern House, Mutton Hall Lane
Tel: 0845 230 2760
Online store offering mens grooming products, underwear, gadgets and accessories for the busy yet discerning man.
Mgender Ltd are listed in; Shopping Directory : Shopping in Heathfield : Shopping in East Sussex
Mgender Ltd Heathfield East Sussex Shopping
Shopping in East Sussex listings provided by BlackBand
|
2021-10-15T20:41:56Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323583083.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20211015192439-20211015222439-00488.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.927561
| 202
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:a1cdce3d-70e3-4b18-9ad5-8af525215ee5>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.blackband.co.uk/cslisting/1863/"
}
|
Positive sparks growth for electrical contractor, ACA Electrical
A Durham-based electrical, fire and security contractor, ACA Electrical Ltd, has revealed solid growth plans after receiving a £30,000 facility from Positive Cashflow Finance.
Chris Sawyer, Director of ACA Electrical, has revealed ambitious plans to reach double turnover for the business, through the expansion into larger-scale works. The business, which was founded in 2013, will offer a complete electrical solutions service, dealing with both domestic and commercial works nationwide.
Chris said: “Although annual turnover is currently around £150,000, to take the business to the next level we needed more cash available and felt that invoice finance was the perfect solution for us as the funding will increase as we grow.
“I turned to Positive when I found myself facing extended payment terms. They allowed me to release cash tied up in invoices and bridged the gap between financial outlay for materials and recouping payment. This has allowed me to re-invest into other projects straight away, meaning I can focus on expanding my business.
The service from Positive has been nothing short of fantastic. They really went above and beyond to make the process as straight forward as possible for me.”
Danielle Winfield, Regional Sales Director at Positive Cashflow Finance, said: “We are delighted to be able to offer the business our support. We look forward to assisting with the growth of the business, allowing Chris and his team to expand into other areas.”
|
2019-06-20T17:25:47Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627999263.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20190620165805-20190620191805-00343.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.971381
| 308
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:cc0dc0f8-c097-42a0-8a0c-b0e853bd2d49>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://positivecash.co.uk/positive-sparks-growth-for-electrical-contractor-aca-electrical/"
}
|
Instructions:As the title says print the voucher off and with any treatbox get a free Jacqueline Wilson book*
*Terms and Conditions
Only available in selected stores whilst stocks last.
This promotion is for a three chapter sample of the book Cookie not the complete version.
This offer is not available in conjunction with any other Millie's Cookies offer.
|
2017-07-21T05:33:05Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549423716.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170721042214-20170721062214-00479.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.84655
| 75
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:91c7916b-46e0-422e-9ced-bcd8131ff299>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.hotukdeals.com/vouchers/free-exclusive-jacqueline-wilson-book-260608"
}
|
1987 Opel Ascona LS 1.6i from Croatia
One of Opel's best cars
With aging, eventually you must change a lot of engine parts; this is normal.
- Water pump.
- Engine oil sensor (was squirting oil).
- EGR valve died and it was disconnected from the system. ECU was sent for repair, monopoint fuel injection was repaired, new fuel pump (China?).
- After a month, it needed a new fuel pump (BOSCH).
- After one year, water in the fuel tank and system (cheap pump station). Had to replace the entire monopoint fuel injection set, and new fuel lines from the fuel tank to the engine (old ones were rusty and clogged).
- Fuel sensor made a hole in the fuel tank.
85 000km, replaced ECU and entire monopoint fuel system.
Very good car, the only problem I've seen is the monopoint - if something is not working there, the engine won't run properly - I heard a lot of people saying engine bad, valves bad, this and that - after you replace the monopoint, the engine runs like a baby. I replaced it from other Opel cars like the Vectra or Astra in a scrapyard for like 34EUR.
Good at staying on the road, but it can't compete with new suspensions on new cars, but still it goes like a rocket.
I have no rust and the car looks like new. It even runs like new.
I don't trust the mechanics any more, especially not the dealer service - lazy people that charge fees / loosen a few bolts or spark plugs so your engine would not run properly. They even broke a few bolts on the engine and used silicone to plug the oil drip.
I maintain the car myself, and I have no issues since I started to do maintenance myself.
Really a good car, I will never sell it.
Would you buy another car from this manufacturer? Don't Know
Review Date: 1st June, 2013
2nd Jun 2013, 22:59
Hi, greetings from South America. Glad to know you like the Ascona. Mine is an Ascona C, made in Brazil, and I have made the same repairs.
I'll give you a tip: here I found that Daewoo parts fit in the Ascona C; you should try, they're better than Chinese parts. The Daewoo Racer has Opel Kadett tech, and the Daewoo Espero has Opel Ascona C tech.
|
2014-12-22T21:26:06Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-52/segments/1418802776996.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20141217075256-00062-ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.958094
| 536
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.carsurvey.org/reviews/opel/ascona/"
}
|
This month indieWIRE turns 15. In honor of our decade and a half in the game we’ve dug through our vaults to uncover some old goodies. Every day this month check back on indieWIRE for some old classics. To kick things off here’s our 2001 interview with Palme d’Or winner Michael Hanake back before “The Piano Teacher” hit theaters.
INTERVIEW: Michael Haneke: The Bearded Prophet of "Code Inconnu" and "The Piano Teacher"
by Scott Foundas
[Editor’s Note: This interview was first published by indieWIRE on Dec. 4, 2001 and will be released in New York today by Kino International].
(indieWIRE/ 12.04.01) — There’s a moment in Michael Haneke‘s 1997 film, “Funny Games,” when a distraught mother blasts a shotgun shell into one of the two sadistic intruders who have kept her family hostage over a long, torturous evening, and who have just killed her young son. After which the surviving intruder “rewinds” the action, bringing his deceased cohort back to life with an ordinary VCR remote. It’s a shocking narrative rupture, but one that seems particularly timely after the events of September 11, during which we found ourselves clambering for the rewind button, endlessly replaying those fateful moments of impact, mouths-agape, wishing we could make it all go away, pondering how much it was “just like a movie.” For Haneke, it’s a typical image; in his films, people are always watching.
Haneke is the cinema’s great contemporary poet of disaffection and, thereby, the filmmaker best equipped to comment on our absurd times. His characters are passive voyeurs, separated from real experience by a television screen. They are us, the desensitized viewers, the children of divorce, the slaves of consumerism. And his is a world of superficial sterility, of meticulously organized surfaces stifling human individuality. It is the world as fed to us by television, whose style Haneke satirizes by adopting it himself, giving us perfectly balanced compositions, an artificial stillness in the air and a pool of blood on the floor that is no more aberrant than some spilled milk on a countertop. It is, as Godard might say, not blood, but red.
Haneke’s 1989 feature, “The Seventh Continent,” is not only one of the cinema’s great debuts, but a film that, a decade later, reveals all the dulled edges of “American Beauty.” It is the true story of a family that commits group suicide, after destroying every possession in their Vienna apartment, and it is the first in a trilogy of films loosely concerning the media’s depiction of violence. (The other films are “Benny’s Video” and “71 Fragments in a Chronology of Chance.”) These movies are graphic and intense, but Haneke doesn’t (as his detractors would claim) profit from their violence. Rather, he reclaims sensitivity to violence (and to human suffering) from the exploitative wastelands of Jerrys, Bruckheimer and Springer.
Haneke’s films have been little known or shown in the U.S., which underscores the difficulty of penetrating the U.S. market if you are an artist with something challenging to say. But greater recognition for Haneke may be in the wings. His two most recent films — “Code Inconnu” (which release in the U.S. last December and “The Piano Teacher” (which Kino International will release today in New York) — are significant departures, in that they are in French, feature marquee talent and evidence a variety of new themes.
“Code Inconnu” trades Haneke’s concerns with violence and media for an intricate study of the immigration dilemmas facing contemporary Europe. Staged almost exclusively in unbroken takes, some running as long as ten minutes, the film never quite congeals, never feels as fully in Haneke’s grasp as his earlier pictures. But it grows stronger, buoyed by Juliette Binoche‘s superb performance and the powerful scenes featuring her, and continuing Haneke’s study of the ways in which we are manipulated by images.
“The Piano Teacher,” adapted from Elfriede Jelinek‘s 1983 novel, is something greater. The story of a repressed piano instructor (Huppert) and the young pupil (Benoit Magimel) whose infatuation unleashes in her a torrent of pent-up, sadomasochistic impulses, it is Haneke’s greatest concentration on narrative and character to date, at once his most conventional and far-reaching picture. That this woman, who has been kept under her domineering mother’s watch for so long, would be drawn to this spirited, athletic youth, who seems to have such command of the world, but would be able to relate to him only in terms of domination and submission, is perhaps the most perceptive truth to be found in any movie this year — for which Haneke’s two stars were justly rewarded with prizes at Cannes in 2001.
Haneke spoke to indieWIRE while in Los Angeles for the U.S. premiere of “The Piano Teacher” and an accompanying 6-film retrospective at the American Cinematheque. (The series travels to the Museum of Modern Art this year.) In person, Haneke speaks a mixture of German, French and English and can seem somewhat guarded in discussing his work. But make no mistake: films this strong grow out of a deep, resonant passion.
indieWIRE: Since “The Piano Teacher” is only your second film adapted from a literary source, I wanted to ask you how did you come into contact with this piece of material and why did you decide to make it into a film?
Michael Haneke: The book was published about 20 years ago. 15 years ago, I read it and was interested right away. I approached the author, Elfriede Jelinek, but she was not very interested, and she refused my offer to turn it into a screenplay. She wasn’t interested, because she herself was trying to turn it into a screenplay, and that screenplay was ultimately rejected. So, after another five years, which makes it 10 years ago now, a friend of mine, who is also a director, finally succeeded in convincing the author to let him have the rights. She agreed, and he asked me to write the script. This friend was trying to get the film financed for about 10 years, but did not succeed — it was always in turnaround and it just didn’t make it. Eventually the rights fell back to the producer, Veit Heiduschka, and then, realizing that with this other director he couldn’t pull it off, he asked me. I said yes I would do it, but only on the condition that Isabelle Huppert would play the lead role.
That’s the whole story.
iW: What’s your take on the adaptation process, because “The Piano Teacher,” like your earlier film of Kafka’s “The Castle,” is a distinctly personal interpretation that nevertheless remains quite faithful to the events of the source material.
Haneke: I would draw a definite line between “The Castle” and “The Piano Teacher,” because “The Castle” was made for television, and I’m very clear about the distinction between a TV version and a movie. Films for TV have to be much closer to the book, mainly because the objective with a TV movie that translates literature is to get the audience, after seeing this version, to pick up the book and read it themselves. My attitude is that TV can never really be any form of art, because it serves audience expectations. I would not have dared to turn “The Castle” into a movie for the big screen; on TV, it’s OK, because it has different objectives. But with “The Piano Teacher,” if you compare the structure of the novel to the structure of the film, it’s really quite different, and I feel I’ve been dealing very freely with the novel and the way it was written. I would say that my version of looking at the story is pretty distanced and cool, while the novel itself is almost angry and very emotional. The novel is much more subjective and the film is much more objective.
iW: In an interview you gave discussing “Code Inconnu,” you said that it is impossible to cast a movie star, like Juliette Binoche, in a non-genre film, unless she is cast as an actress or a movie star. Yet Isabelle Huppert is very much a movie star, even if I wouldn’t necessarily classify “The Piano
Teacher” as a genre film.
Haneke: It’s a parody of a melodrama. As a European filmmaker, you can not make a genre film seriously. You can only make a parody.
iW: Why is that?
Haneke: Because the genre film, by definition, is a lie. And a film is trying to be art, and therefore must try to deal with reality. It cannot do this by means of lies. If films are just business, then you can lie. You can sell the lie with a good conscience.
iW: Isabelle Huppert isn’t the first actress I would think of for this part. I wouldn’t have thought that someone so beautiful could be made to look so plain.
Haneke: I do not consider Isabelle to be a very glamorous person. To me, Julia Roberts is glamorous, but if you look at Isabelle’s films, there are really a lot of them that show her in a very delicate, simple way. My main attraction towards Isabelle was that, on the one hand she can be very vulnerable and on the other she can be very icy and intellectual. She’s the victim in the same moment that she is the perpetrator, and there are not many actresses that have that range.
iW: I’d like to switch gears for a moment and talk about some of your earlier work. Do you look at your earlier experiences as a sort of training ground, or do you consider your pre-“Seventh Continent” works to be as viable as your later, better-known films?
Haneke: I learned my business in the theater and in television, particularly working with the actors. You can learn much more in the theater than directing a movie, because then you have no time when you are shooting a movie to really work with the actors. You have to learn this craft somewhere else. Of course, those films I shot for television are quite recognizable as my films. But again, they’re TV films, and as I was saying earlier, TV films are very different from movies, because TV films have to serve a special purpose; they have to deal with a certain audience structure and what an audience expects. So, they can never really do what a theatrical movie can do.
Those 20 years shooting television films, etc., was not a matter of not
having the opportunity to make a real film. But rather, I wanted to find my
iW: That “language,” as you put it, consists of a dissociation of people and the objects they acquire, until the story seems to be told from the point-of-view of the objects; the people are almost incidental. You could say that the main characters of “The Seventh Continent” are an alarm clock, a fish tank and a package of frozen broccoli, and rarely have any of them seemed so sinister.
Haneke: Basically, there are too many films, and most of them only recycle whatever there already is. There’s no need in being another person who just recycles what is already there. The film tries to show that we are victims of the structures we have built, of our environment. And all those things are metaphors for those structures.
What really interested me was not that there was a family that committed suicide because, sad as it is, there are a lot of those. What I thought was fascinating was that there was a family that goes out and commits suicide, but before they do so, they destroy everything they possess. I thought that was a good metaphor for our situation.
iW: It seems a particularly good metaphor in light of the events of September 11, following which there has been so much discussion about how people are now spending more time with their families and less time worrying about career advancement and personal wealth. It’s exactly the sort of release the family in “The Seventh Continent” seems to be seeking, even though that film was made over a decade ago.
Haneke: That’s why I grew a beard. Because I wanted to be a prophet.
iW: Your films, up to and including “The Piano Teacher,” seem constructed out of the moments that most movies tend to leave out — the awkward pauses, the moments leading up to and following an event rather than the event itself. There’s a profound lack of sensationalism, even though you frequently choose sensationalistic subjects.
Haneke: It’s actually out of respect for the importance of what happens there. It’s, of course, very tempting, if you don’t have that kind of respect, to just sit on that spectacular event, and that’s what a lot of Hollywood films do. For example, if you take “Schindler’s List” and you have that shower scene, I think it’s absolutely disgusting to show that. One must not show such things.
iW: The fact that you don’t show these things is key to what makes your films so unnerving. For example, your films have often been criticized for their violence, even though most of that violence occurs off-screen.
Haneke: Because I use your fantasy. I think it’s one of the most important things for a filmmaker: to use the fantasy of the viewer. The audience has to make their own pictures, and whatever I show means diminishing the fantasy of the viewer.
iW: And the people who have criticized the violence in your films are, I think, only looking at the surfaces of the works, because what strikes me about your films is their profound humanism. Above all, you seem to be arguing for a healing between people.
Haneke: The point is that there are no solutions. If there were, the world wouldn’t be quite what it is. Speaking about cinema, the mainstream cinema tries to feed you the idea that there are solutions, but that’s bullshit. You can make a lot of money with these lies. But if you take the viewer seriously as your partner, the only thing that you can do is to put the questions strongly. In this case, maybe he will find some answer. If you give the answer, you lie. Whatever kind of security you try to feed somebody is an illusion. It’s not only me; I think every art form today can put out only questions, not answers. It’s the fundamental condition.
iW: That’s one of the reasons I find it curious that the notion of “escaping from reality” is so frequently invoked to describe our reasons for going to the movies. If anything, your films offer us an escape into reality.
Haneke: I want to make it clear: it’s not that I hate mainstream cinema. It’s perfectly fine. There are a lot of people who need to escape, because they are in very difficult situations, so they have the right to escape from the world. But this has nothing to do with an art form. An art form is obliged to confront reality, to try to find a little piece of the truth.
iW: In your films, the truth is always something indefinite and amorphous.
Haneke: This is, I think, a general feeling today, that we don’t know what is the truth. (Holds up a glass.) Even to know what this kind of material this is, it’s a version of reality. These questions, “What is reality?” and “What is reality in a movie?” are a main part of my work. The next film is exactly about this question, and “Funny Games” was also about this question.
iW: Yet this bothers some viewers. A friend of mine, after seeing one of your films for the first time, remarked that he enjoyed the film, except for the fact that no concrete explanation was given for the characters’ behavior.
Haneke: Every kind of explanation is just something that’s there to make you feel better, and at the same time it’s a lie. It’s a lie to calm you, because the real explanation would be so complex, it would be impossible to have in 90 minutes of film or 200 pages of a novel.
iW: Of course, getting your message to audiences, at least in North America, has been a difficult situation. Your films have generally been very hard to see in the U.S.. There was a time when the films of Godard, Bergman and Antonioni received regular theatrical exposure, but your films, and those of many of your contemporaries, are largely limited to film festival showings.
Haneke: Because there was not television. Television has had a huge effect on audiences, and really took away a lot of possibilities for those directors. Television really changed the way of seeing things; you can tell this with reviews. I can read a review and I can tell how old the critic probably is, meaning whether he grew up being very affected by TV and being trained by TV images, or is somebody, usually an older person, who has not been as exposed to TV. You can really tell the difference in the way they write about films.
iW: And television isn’t just a different way of looking at images, it’s a different way of thinking and feeling about them too.
Haneke: There’s a pun in German that I’m not sure works in English: “Television is there to switch off,” meaning not only switching off the machine itself, but switching off your own mind.
|
2020-11-24T15:09:43Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141176864.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20201124140942-20201124170942-00115.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972416
| 3,969
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-50",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:f18723b5-0466-450c-a0b9-ffbe962af719>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.indiewire.com/2011/07/from-the-iw-vaults-our-2001-interview-with-michael-haneke-53436/"
}
|
“How true,” remarked Stephen; “how strangely and profoundly true!”
Oh! I could have boxed his ears.
We went into the courtyard again, whither Komba was summoned with his attendants. This time they came bearing gifts, or having them borne for them. These consisted, I remember, of two fine tusks of ivory which suggested to me that their country could not be entirely surrounded by water, since elephants would scarcely live upon an island; gold dust in a gourd and copper bracelets, which showed that it was mineralized; white native linen, very well woven, and some really beautiful decorated pots, indicating that the people had artistic tastes. Where did they get them from, I wonder, and what was the origin of their race? I cannot answer the question, for I never found out with any certainty. Nor do I think they knew themselves.
The indaba was resumed. Bausi announced that we three white men with a servant apiece (I stipulated for this) would visit Pongo-land as his envoys, taking no firearms with us, there to discuss terms of peace between the two peoples, and especially the questions of trade and intermarriage. Komba was very insistent that this should be included; at the time I wondered why. He, Komba, on behalf of the Motombo and the Kalubi, the spiritual and temporal rulers of his land, guaranteed us safe conduct on the understanding that we attempted no insult or violence to the gods, a stipulation from which there was no escape, though I liked it little. He swore also that we should be delivered safe and sound in the Mazitu country within six days of our having left its shores.
Bausi said that it was good, adding that he would send five hundred armed men to escort us to the place where we were to embark, and to receive us on our return; also that if any hurt came to us he would wage war upon the Pongo people for ever until he found means to destroy them.
So we parted, it being agreed that we were to start upon our journey on the following morning.
As a matter of fact we did not leave Beza Town till twenty-four hours later than had been arranged, since it took some time for old Babemba, who was to be in charge of it, to collect and provision our escort of five hundred men.
Here, I may mention, that when we got back to our huts we found the two Mazitu bearers, Tom and Jerry, eating a hearty meal, but looking rather tired. It appeared that in order to get rid of their favourable evidence, the ceased witch-doctor, Imbozwi, who for some reason or other had feared to kill them, caused them to be marched off to a distant part of the land where they were imprisoned. On the arrival of the news of the fall and death of Imbozwi and his subordinates, they were set at liberty, and at once returned to us at Beza Town.
Of course it became necessary to explain to our servants what we were about to do. When they understood the nature of our proposed expedition they shook their heads, and when they learned that we had promised to leave our guns behind us, they were speechless with amazement.
|
2017-04-27T13:54:04Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917122167.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031202-00643-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.989469
| 684
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:2c7b7e7e-93fb-4194-ba12-d6b8f63005df>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.bookrags.com/ebooks/5174/122.html"
}
|
With the NFL Draft beginning today, Walt Disney Pictures and their production partners at Pixar have released this new clip from their upcoming movie, Brave.
With a definite NFL theme, the one-minute teaser introduces viewers to groups of characters from the film--The Colts, The Giants, The Eagles, The Rams and more--who Disney calls, "some of the bravest talent around," the studio asks, "Who would you select for your team?"
Of course, we feel like you can never go wrong with Da Bears.
Check out the clip below. Brave will be in theaters on June 22.
|
2020-09-21T16:47:19Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400201826.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20200921143722-20200921173722-00033.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.94017
| 122
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:8ea03eac-3474-4494-82ef-e0504c9ba459>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://comicbook.com/news/disneypixars-brave-takes-on-the-nfl-draft/"
}
|
Westwood Family Health Center
4320 West Alaska Place
I grew up in Southern California and went to medical school in Manhattan. Denver is a happy medium, where one can balance work with play. Non-work interests include club Ultimate Frisbee, telemark skiing, and world travel. My wife and I enjoy taking Samba (our dog) on hikes in the Colorado wilderness.
I dabble in research when I find some time. My interests include residency education, practice improvement, and quality measures. I enjoy going to conferences, especially in exotic locales such as Puerto Rico and Montreal.
I am Team Leader at the Westwood Family Health Center, which is one of the community health centers affiliated with Denver Health. I enjoy working with a mainly Latino population and the urban poor. The mission to serve the vulnerable and needy motivates me to be a great family physician.
I am Assistant Professor at the University of Colorado. I supervise residents in the hospital (the Adult Family Medicine service and the L&D) and precept in the clinic (the Lowry Family Health Center). I also give lectures during the Wednesday afternoon didactics and run the monthly resident Journal Club. I enjoy working with residents and teaching; it is like going back to school!
- American Academy of Family Practice
- National Health Service Corps, Ambassador
- North American Primary Care Research Group
- Society of Teachers of Family Medicine
- Ultimate Players Association
PUBLICATIONS AND GREY LITERATURE:
- Lee JH & Jafek BW. “Antimicrobial Therapy in Otolaryngology”. In Jafek BW and Murrow BW, eds: ENT Secrets, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Hanley and Balfus, 2001, p. 219-225.
- Lee JH. Chlamydia. PEPID Primary Care Plus. Skokie, IL: PEPID. April, 2005. (http://www.pepidonline.com/Main.aspx).
- Loomis L, Lee JH, Tweed E, Fashner J. What is appropriate fetal surveillance for women with diet-controlled gestational diabetes? Journal of Family Practice. March, 2006. 55(3):238-240.
- Lee JH. Mitral Regurgitation. PEPID Primary Care Plus. Skokie, IL: PEPID. March, 2006. (http://www.pepidonline.com/Main.aspx).
- Silva R, Lee JH, Tweed E, Paulson CP. Is guaifenesin safe during pregnancy? Journal of Family Practice. August, 2007. 56(8): 669-70.
|
2016-06-27T00:34:21Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-26/segments/1466783395613.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20160624154955-00076-ip-10-164-35-72.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.877037
| 557
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-26",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:38c5c6fd-03a9-4c53-9092-39b28c8bc765>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/departments/familymed/about/faculty/Pages/JayLee.aspx"
}
|
Go to Admin » Appearance » Widgets » and move Gabfire Widget: Social into that MastheadOverlay zone
HomeGrid Forum has announced that Xingtera’s XT1800 G.hn chipset has been awarded its G.hn certification, recognising a high-performance product that allows networking over any form of cabling at a rate of 1 Gigabit per second – a direct result of Xingtera’s ongoing dedication to the development of the chipset.
“At HomeGrid Forum we champion industry certification programs, not only to ensure that high, minimum standards are met, but also to enable widespread interoperability – something we believe to be key to the success of G.hn,” commented Donna Yasay, President of HomeGrid Forum. “Naming Xingtera as the first certified vendor based in China is an important milestone and paves the way for other Chinese vendors. Xingtera’s achievement is particularly impressive because they have done so much in a relatively short space of time.”
As well as the development of its G.hn chipset, Xingtera has become a key player in promoting technology and networking products in China, which is an extremely competitive and busy market as China continues to dominate the global technology industry.
|
2017-01-16T19:14:39Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279248.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00431-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943096
| 260
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-04",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:7309144a-69c3-4de5-8ee2-6f32b261bc79>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://advanced-television.com/2016/11/28/homegrid-forum-g-hn-certifies-xingtera/"
}
|
Ford Vehicle Recall Feedback:
At Kendall, we care about your safety. If you own a vehicle and believe it may be subject to a recall notice, please provide us with some basic information. We will have a service specialist reach out to you to determine the recalls that need addressing and set up a convenient time for your vehicle to be serviced.
We will handle your message quickly, giving it the level of attention it needs -- the level of attention that you deserve.
Fill Out a Contact Form
If you would like a representative from Kendall Auto Group to reach out to you regarding your claim, please use the link provided below to be directed to our dedicated Kendall Cares page, where you will be asked to fill out a contact form.
|
2017-04-26T21:35:06Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121665.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00008-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.916318
| 150
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:9a3a3807-d065-460b-8c84-9f9e18273526>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.kendallford.com/vehicle-recall-form.htm"
}
|
The John Robert Doyle, Jr., Prize
Don Quixote rides into the school upon Rocinante,
Sancho Panza trailing behind. "Your room
is an enormous cave," he tells me. Points to pastels
of loggerhead turtles pinned to the bulletin board.
"Rock walls," he says, "etched in stories." He nods
toward the dripping sink and pronounces it spring,
miracle of pure water bubbling up from bowel of boulder.
The chairs, all soldiers, kneeling in stoic reverence.
And when it arrives—sugar-speeded, hormone-hyped,
foul-farting, glue-globbing, yowl-yakking—
Don Quixote tells me I am the dragon tamer,
destined to calm this beast, coax it to surrender
the treasures it guards belly-close,
flower petal-skin there so thin
I can see through to webs of blue-violet veins.
"Only problem," says Sancho Panza, his voice as nasal
as paint smear, "is that by the time you’re getting
to that treasure, you’ve already been swallowed."
|
2022-05-20T06:25:55Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662531762.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220520061824-20220520091824-00422.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.901422
| 262
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:2c4399e3-f3a6-4837-8e7c-5df3f473bf69>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.poetrysocietysc.org/dragonskins"
}
|
Protection against Tracking
This pattern avoids the tracking of visitors of websites via cookies. It does this by deleting them at regular intervals or by disabling cookies completely.
Support minimization of data collection and distribution. Important when a service is collecting location data from or about a user, or transmitting location data about a user to a third-party.
Minimal Information Asymmetry
Prevent users from being disenfranchised by their lack of familiarity with the policies, potential risks, and their agency within processing.
Informed Secure Passwords
Ensure that users maintain healthy authentication habits through awareness and understanding.
Users need to be informed about how visible data about them is, and what may be derived from that data. This allows them to reconsider what they are comfortable about sharing, and take action if desired.
Encryption with user-managed keys
Use encryption in such a way that the service provider cannot decrypt the user's information because the user manages the keys.
Federated Privacy Impact Assessment
The impact of personal information in a federation is more than the impact in the federated
Use of dummies
This pattern hides the actions taken by a user by adding fake actions that are indistinguishable from real.
Inform users of content where other users or unauthenticated persons having accessed the same content are listed, and may access any further disclosures.
Identity Federation Do Not Track Pattern
All information has been extracted from http://blog.beejones.net/the-identity-federation-do-not-track-pattern The Do Not Track Pattern makes sure that neither the Identity Provider nor the Identity Broker can learn the relationship between the user and the Service Providers the user us.
The goal of this display is to provide the user information about why what information by whom is requested. It should be used whenever personal data is required from the user.
Layered Policy Design
Make privacy policies easier for users to understand by layering detail behind successively more concise and summarized information.
Discouraging blanket strategies
Give users the possibility to define a privacy level from a range of options each time they share content.
Let users benefit according to the contributions they make.
Proactively provide continual, recurring notice to consented users of repeating access to their personal data, including tracking, storage, or redistribution.
Abridged Terms and Conditions
Enables the user to better understand the Terms and Conditions presented by a system through summarization. The most important elements therein are condensed into a more concise overview.
Policy Matching Display
Allow users to specify what privacy preferences they have and non-intrusively bring policy mismatches to their attention.
Users are more willing to contribute valuable input when they can do so without leaking personal data, or perceive an equal or greater exchange in value either monetarily or socially.
Outsourcing [with consent]
“The controller has to obtain additional specific, informed, explicit, and freely given consent before outsourcing data processing to a third party.“
Provide unobtrusive, non-modal, continuous notice when personal data is being accessed to increase awareness of real-time tracking.
Provide standardized contextual policy information on the nature and risks of disclosure through tooltips.
Standardize warning labels similar to nutrition information to quickly inform users about privacy policies and preferences.
Data Breach Notification Pattern
Ensure that unauthorized access and processing of personal data is detected and reported to the supervisory authority and any sufficiently affected users without any undue delay.
A messaging service is enhanced by using a trusted third party to exchange the identifiers of the communication partners by pseudonyms.
This pattern provides unlinkability between senders and receivers by encapsulating the data in different layers of encryption, limiting the knowledge of each node along the delivery path.
Strip Invisible Metadata
Strip potentially sensitive metadata that isn't directly visible to the end user.
Hide the identity by using a pseudonym and ensure a pseudonymous identity that can not be linked with a real identity during online interactions.
Personal Data Store
Subjects keep control on their personal data that are stored on a personal device.
Trust Evaluation of Services Sides
A visual highlight provided by an authority which signals the extent to which given privacy criteria are fulfilled. It should be clearly placed and easily found, with links to additional information.
Encrypt, aggregate and decrypt at different places.
Privacy-Aware Network Client
Enhance user awareness of privacy policies by automatically converting it into a standardized and easily readable format over a secure channel.
Sign an Agreement to Solve Lack of Trust on the Use of Private Data Context
Services of a controller may require users to sign contracts that stipulate their obligations and processing purposes for which users must consent to use the service. This ensures that users can trust the controller as it is bound to the contract it signs.
Single Point of Contact
The Single Point of Contact is a security authority who protects the privacy and security of sensitive data stored online by validating the authority of requests and ensuring secure communication channels.
Informed Implicit Consent
Controllers must provide unavoidable notice of a users implicit consent to the processing of their data, where reasonable to do so.
Allow users to decide granularly what functions they consent to before the function is used.
Privacy Color Coding
Provide visual cues in standardized colors about privacy policies and preferences to help convey information to users more quickly.
Appropriate Privacy Icons
Use consistent icons in place of policy aspects. The icons should convey these aspects reliably, without allowing room for misinterpretation once explained to the user.
User data confinement pattern
Avoid the central collection of personal data by shifting some amount of the processing of personal data to the user-trusted environments (e.g. their own devices). Allow users to control the exact data that shares with service providers
Icons for Privacy Policies
Icons are capable of conveying information more quickly than a document, and are therefore a useful way to augment policies.
Obtaining Explicit Consent
Controllers require consent to be given willingly and specifically when in any way processing the personal data of their users.
Disclosure awareness is needed to adequately manage digital identity. Provide the user of a system with a high level reflection on what personal data the system knows about, what access is given to others, and what kind of personal data can be deduced.
Appropriate Privacy Feedback
Supplies the user with privacy feedback, especially concerning that which is monitored and accessed, and by whom.
Impactful Information and Feedback
Provide feedback about who a user will disclose their information to using certain privacy settings before that information is actually published.
Decoupling [content] and location information visibility
Allow users to retroactively configure privacy for location information with respect to the content's contextual privacy requirements.
Platform for Privacy Preferences
Use privacy policies which consist of standardized and extensible vocabulary and data element sets, both of which user agents should be aware of, in order to streamline their review by eliminating redundancies.
Selective access control
Allow users to specify who may access the content they generate, both during and after submission.
Give users some benefits in exchange for providing information or content.
An informational privacy dashboard can provide collected summaries of the collected or processed personal data for a particular user.
Preventing mistakes or reducing their impact
Prevent accidental automatic disclosure of personal information.
The pattern allows obligations relating to data sharing, storing and processing to be transferred and managed when the data is shared between multiple parties.
Informed Credential Selection
Ensure users are informed of the potential privacy consequences of sharing various authenticating data.
Anonymous Reputation-based Blacklisting
Get rid of troublemakers without even knowing who they are.
Over time, build user preferences from a privacy-preserving default semi-automatically, through opt-in/opt-out, semantics, and informed solicitations.
Reasonable Level of Control
Let users share selectively (push) and make available (pull) specific information to predefined groups or individuals.
Let users filter out some or all personal information they would otherwise provide to a service.
By default, isolate users to a selection of social connections in a user-defined circle of trust. Allow them to expand this circle or create new ones based on the existing members.
Privacy Awareness Panel
Establish user awareness of the risks inherent in the disclosure of their data, whether to the controller themselves or to other users.
A crucial element in privacy protection is ensuring that all sensitive processing is preceded by the acquisition of freely given, informed, specific, and explicit consent.
Privacy Aware Wording
Ensure that the content of privacy related information provided to the user is worded carefully, maintaining both attention and understanding.
Machine-readable policies are sticked to data to define allowed usage and obligations as it travels across multiple parties, enabling users to improve control over their personal information.
Personal Data Table
In order for users to see what information a controller has about them, they can be provided with a detailed tabular overview of that data upon request.
Informed Consent for Web-based Transactions
This pattern describes how controllers can inform users whenever they intend to collect or otherwise use a user's personal data.
Added-noise measurement obfuscation
Add some noise to service operation measurements, but make it cancel itself in the long-term
Increasing awareness of information aggregation
Inform users about the potentially identifying effects of information aggregation to prevent them from unknowingly endangering their privacy.
Attribute Based Credentials
Attribute Based Credentials (ABC) are a form of authentication mechanism that allows to flexibly and selectively authenticate different attributes about an entity without revealing additional information about the entity (zero-knowledge property).
Trustworthy Privacy Plug-in
Aggregate usage records at the user side in a trustworthy manner.
[Support] Selective Disclosure
Many services (or products) require the collection of a fixed, often large, amount of personal data before users can use them. Many users, instead, want to freely choose what information they share. This pattern recommends that services Support Selective Disclosure, tailoring functionality to work with the level of data the user feels comfortable sharing.
Enable sharing and re-sharing without wide public visibility or cumbersome authenticated access control.
This pattern aggregates multiple entities into a set, such that they cannot be distinguished anymore.
Active broadcast of presence
Users may actively choose to automatically provide updates when they want to share presence information, to increase both the relevance of, and control over, their sharing.
Prevent suspicious access to user data through alerts and authenticate through multiple factors upon potential compromise of an account.
|
2021-05-15T14:02:47Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991370.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20210515131024-20210515161024-00046.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.875752
| 2,197
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:a9298e2d-53ad-4f9e-b1cc-8e585e69b800>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://privacypatterns.org/patterns/"
}
|
Offering exemplary care for seniors, Spring Gardens Senior Living Midvale in Midvale, Utah provides a comfortable and supportive environment for those in need of extra assistance. This senior living center is a full-service, independent living and assisted living facility, whose mission is to promote the highest quality of life for its residents through a commitment to excellence, service, and compassion. The center aims to provide a safe, home-like atmosphere that encourages independence, dignity, and respect for each and every resident.The center offers a full range of services, including meals, housekeeping and laundry services, medication management, assistance with daily activities, transportation, recreational activities, and social outings. Their team of professional and caring staff is dedicated to providing the highest level of care and service. With their highly trained and experienced staff, they strive to create an environment that promotes the physical, mental, and social well-being of the seniors they serve.
PRN Jobs at
Spring Gardens Midvale
Per diem jobs in assisted living facilities offer high wages. If you want to make more money and pick up jobs in assisted living facilities, this guide is for you.
What is assisted living? Sometimes called “assistant living,” assisted living is a type of healthcare model in which a patient can do much for themselves but requires a certain level of assistance/and or supervision.
Who works at assisted living facilities? Nurses. CNAs. Dieticians. Support staff. Secretaries. A variety of professionals are found working in assisted living facilities. Assisted living residences are set up to house older adults or those with disabilities in a manner in which they maintain their optimal level of independence. The amount of assistance provided will depend on the type of healthcare facility. Want to find a job at an assisted living facility? View these assisted living facilities and see if the one you are interested in now has jobs available on Nursa.
This facility is in
Visiting Midvale, Utah is a rewarding experience for RNs, LPNs, CNAs, and allied healthcare personnel. This charming city offers a wealth of exciting activities, from outdoor recreation to cultural attractions. The scenic beauty of the Wasatch Mountains and Great Salt Lake provides a stunning backdrop for a variety of activities.
Looking for healthcare facilities in Utah that offer PRN jobs for RNs, LPNs & CNAs? Learn about employment and jobs for clinicians in Utah.
Spring Gardens Senior Living Midvale in Midvale, Utah is a warm and inviting community that provides exceptional healthcare and quality of life for its residents. Their dedicated staff strives to provide a safe, supportive, and social environment with personalized care plans tailored to each resident's individual needs.
|
2023-06-08T18:12:42Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224655092.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20230608172023-20230608202023-00216.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943332
| 563
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:d062f1d7-a81a-4b6a-a8f5-43e2c5884a0d>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://nursa.com/facilities/spring-gardens-midvale"
}
|
US 7531120 B2
Using phase separation technique perforated as well as non-perforated polymeric structures can be made with high aspect ratios (>5). By varying the phase separation process the properties (e.g. porous, non-porous, dense, open skin) of the moulded product can be tuned. Applications are described in the field of micro fluidics (e.g. micro arrays, electrophoretic boards), optics, polymeric solar cells, ball grid arrays, and tissue engineering.
1. A method of making a product with a predetermined micro to nano sized structure, comprising:
providing a mould having a corresponding predetermined micro to nano sized structure at a mould surface;
contacting a casting fluid containing a casting material with said mould surface;
subjecting said casting fluid to a non-solvent based phase separation treatment to induce phase separation therein;
inducing solidification and shrinkage of said casting material by contacting said casting fluid with a non-solvent fluid so as to form a product on the mould surface; and
releasing the resulting product, which is at least partly solidified, from the mould surface with said predetermined micro to nano sized structure after said casting material has at least partly solidified and shrunken.
2. The method according to
3. The method according to
4. The method according to
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6. The method according to
7. The method according to
8. The method according to
9. The method according to
said casting fluid comprises a lowest boiling solvent and a highest boiling solvent,
said lowest boiling solvent and said highest boiling solvent have a difference in their respective boiling points of at least approximately 50° C.,
a predominant amount of said lowest boiling solvent is removed and the nonsolvent fluid is miscible with said two solvents, to induce phase separation and solidification of said casting material.
10. The method according to
The invention relates to a method of making a product with a micro to nano sized structure using a mould having a corresponding structure at a mould surface in which a fluid containing a casting material is brought into contact with said mould surface.
The moulding of products with micro-structures featuring high aspect ratio's in the micron and sub-micron range is relatively difficult because of the mechanical fragility, distortion and anchoring of those structures during release of the products from the corresponding mould. Injection moulding, pressure moulding, hot embossing, slip casting, cross linking of the product on the mould are known techniques. The moulds or stamps themselves, with the desired micro pattern of grooves, ridges and wells, are relatively straightforward to fabricate using well known laser drilling, spark erosion, photo lithographic and anisotropic etching techniques. The fabrication of these moulds however turns out to be rather expensive and can therefore not be applied for economical production of the intended products. Moreover, a successful, reproducible release from the mould of the products concerned, with their delicate microstructure, remains complicated.
To facilitate said release and to avoid distortion of the high aspect ratio micro-structures a method of the above kind has been disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,660,680 (Keller) in which sacrificial layers are applied between the mould and the product in subsequent process steps. The removal and re-deposition of such sacrificial layers is however complicated and time consuming, which renders the process less suitable for application on an industrial scale.
Accordingly, there remains a need for economical moulding of micro-structured products that can be made out of a wide variety of polymeric and inorganic materials. The present invention, hence, has for its object inter alia to provide a method of producing articles having nano and micro-structured surfaces made from a broad variety of materials which can be applied in a economical and reproducible manner allowing for an industrial scale.
In order to attain said object a method according to the invention is characterized in that the fluid is subjected to a treatment to induce phase separation therein, in that the said casting material is at least partially solidified on the mould surface and in that the resulting product is released from the mould surface. It has surprisingly been found that due to said phase-separation a relatively dense and highly flat skin layer is formed at the interface with said mould surface which is conformal to said surface. The resulting product moreover tends to shrink isotropically to a certain extent due to the phase separation process. These two circumstances greatly improve the release of the eventual product from the mould without notable distortion of the microstructure.
Phase separation entails the process of changing a one-phase casting fluid (solution) into at least two separate phases. One phase is defiled to be uniform in chemical composition and in physical structure throughout the material. In all phase separation processes, a casting solution is precipitated into at least two phases: a solid material-rich phase that forms the matrix of the product and a material-poor phase that may form the inner product pores. The phase separation is generally a thermodynamically driven process and may be induced on the mould (or shortly prior or after casting) by changing e.g. the composition of the solution, the temperature or the pressure of the casting solution. The composition of the casting solution may be changed by bringing the casting solution in contact with a non-solvent, which is normally a gas (vapour) or a liquid not well miscible with the material, or by evaporating a solvent from a casting solution containing a non-solvent, or by reaction of components in the casting solution resulting in a non-solvent agent. The material of the product may be (mainly) polymeric as well as inorganic. According to the invention the casting solution does not have to be vulcanised or cross linked on the mould to induce solidification as is commonly used for injection or other (one phase) cast moulding techniques. The solidification technique according to the invention is a relatively fist process in comparison with other known techniques. One may of coarse also cross link or cure during or preferably after release from the mould to improve functional properties of the phase separated product.
Another advantage of the use of phase separation techniques is that dense products as well as micro and nano porous products with a closed cell structure (non-connected cells) as well as an open cell structure (connected cells) can be obtained. The cell structure may be anisotropic in porosity as well as in pore size throughout its thickness. Porous structures have improved elastic properties facilitating the release of high aspect ratio structures from the mould in comparison with dense structures of the same material. Also the formation and progress of cracks in the moulded material is inhibited and stopped by the presence of micro pores in the material. Whereas normally aspect ratio's (height/wide) of 1-2 are achieved in dense materials, according to the invention aspect ratio's larger than 2-5, and preferably larger than 5-10 are achieved in microporous products made from the same material. Microporous materials can also easily be redissolved in short time depending on the application (e.g. sacrificial moulding). The porous material can further be functionalised with many different physical/chemical/biological reaction techniques. Also functional fluid transport through the micro pores creates new applications as micro contact printing.
Ceramic micro-structured products are of coarse more sensitive for distortion (cracking) than polymeric materials. With polydimethylsiloxane relatively high aspect ratio structures could be formed in a reproducible manner owing to its superior elastic properties. Other polymeric materials suitable for relatively low aspect ratio microstructures include, polymethylmethacrylate, polyurethane, polyvinylchloride, polystyrene and polycarbonate. On the other hand suitable polymeric and inorganic materials should be based upon their compatibility with the conditions present in the particular operation to be performed by the product, e.g. demands on pH, temperature, biocompatibility, electric/thermal conductivity, optical and wetting properties. An extension of the applicable materials would of course be welcomed to meet all required demands.
In a further aspect, the invention features a novel process for preparing a product that includes bringing a mouldable material and the surface of an open mould into contact with each other to imprint a micro architecture onto the mouldable material. The resulting product is then separated from the moulding surface of the tool. An “open mould” is a moulding tool that has an exposed moulding surface. It is an important recognition of the invention that hitherto no use has been made of phase separation techniques in combination with an open mould to obtain products with a micro to nano-structured surface. The advantage of an open moulding tool is that the products can be made in the form of an inexpensive and fast roll good by bringing the mouldable material and mould in a constant relative movement (e.g. continuous sheet imprinting or 3D extrusion with a micro-structured spinneret).
Preferably the phase separation and solidification of the product is mainly induced during moulding because the induced shrinkage of the casting solution can be tuned (depending on the exact phase separation conditions) in order to prevent anchoring and distortion of the product during release from the mould. The phase separation may also be completed after removal of the product from the mould, this is advantageous in case time consuming steps are needed.
The process of phase separation can be proceeded at relatively low working temperatures which normally leads to a controllable shrinkage of the initial casting material to a microporous product without the formation of cracks as is often observed in (nonporous) solid hot embossed or injection moulded structures with a high aspect ratio. Surprisingly it has been found that even fully perforated micro-structures (perforation diameter <5 micron) can be made in thin sheet products (thickness <30 micron) without release difficulties, an advantage that out-beats all present micro-moulding techniques.
The types of phase separation processes are classified into six categories:
1) vapour-induced phase separation (VIP), also called “dry casting” or “air casting”. Evaporation of the liquid (solvent) will result in a dense or porous product depending on the material and the used solvent/solute mixtures; The vapour may contain water or organic solvent molecules that may be absorbed by the casted film and will influence the porosity of the product.
2) liquid-induced phase separation (LIPS), mostly referred to as “immersion casting” or “wet casting”. This process normally yields dense or porous products depending on the material and the used solvents and non-solvent mixtures. This technique may be combined with 1) for polymer solutions with e.g. two solvents with different boiling points.
3) Thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), frequently called “melt casting”; The material may solidify to a dense or porous product of a material-solvent-additive mixture by varying the temperature of the material-solvent during the casting process.
4) Colloidal induced phase separation (CIPS). A phase separated colloidal solution is used to perform structure arrestment on the micro fabricated mould. For example, a polymerizable bicontinuous microemulsion can be applied onto the mould, or a sol/gel mixture of a ceramic material. The pore morphology can be tuned by the addition of a co-solvent resulting generally into smaller pores.
5) Pressure induced phase separation (PIPS), “pressure casting”; The casting solution may contain for example a saturated dissolved gas. Reduction of the pressure (or increase of temperature) will induce growth of gas cells in the casting solution with a closed cell or open cell morphologies and a typical size of 0.01-1000 micron.
6) Reaction-induced phase separation (RIPS), a casting solution containing monomers start to react and initiate phase separation due to for instance increase in molecular weight or production of a non-solvent
Most common phase separation processes are based on phase separation of a polymer solution. by bringing the casting solution into contact with a non-solvent, which is normally a gas (vapour) or a liquid not well miscible with the solvent of the casting solution.
When a system is chosen with a solvent and a non-solvent having a strong interaction, immersing the polymer solution in such a non-solvent results in instantaneous demixing. This process is characterised by the formation of a thin and relatively dense skin layer and in inner percolating open cell morphologies of the product. Examples of such systems are N-methyl pyrrolidone(NMP), dimethylsulfoxyde (DMSO), dimethylfluoride (DMF) or dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as solvent and water as non-solvent. When the system is chosen with a poor interaction between solvent and non-solvent, immersing the polymer solution in such a non-solvent results in delayed demixing. This process is characterised by extremely thick and dense skin layers. To some extend, the cell walls show ruptures connecting one or more cells with each other, however, overall the morphology is non-percolating disabling any significant liquid transport wicking the inner porous part of the product.
Examples of such systems are: acetone and THF as solvent and water as non-solvent or NMP, DMAc, DMF, DMSO as solvent and higher alcohols (like butanol, pentanol, octanol) or glycols as non-solvent. A third system that can be distinguished is the immersion of a polymer solution in a mixture of solvent and non-solvent. This process also results in delayed demixing, but gives normally very porous skin layers. The first delayed demixing process is characterised by upon immersion and prior to phase separation; the polymer solution densities. The second process is characterised by dilution of the polymer solution upon immersion and prior to phase separation.
Further, more complicated formulations can be handled when using this type of process. The number of polymeric materials that can be used for phase separation techniques outnumber the present available polymeric materials used for hot embossing. Chemical inert materials such as polyimide, perfluoronated polymers such as Teflon® and Hyflon®, polyethersulfone and many other new materials can now be used for the preparation of products in the form of a roil good. The porous morphology of the product can be influenced by the addition of low molecular weight additiv s such as ethylen glycol, aliphatic alcohols and surfactants. Optical transparent products may be obtained through the use of nano porous (poresize <50 nm) phase separation techniques. Fluor-taylored polymers of e.g. polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyarylates and polyimides may be used for a reduced optical absorption in optical wave-guide applications.
Phase separation of a polymer solution can also be performed when the solution contains inorganic filler materials such as small silica, siliconnitride, titaniumdioxyde, alumina or zirconia, beriliumoxyde, siliconcarbide. The inorganic filler may be added to influence the porosity or to prepare a polymer/inorganic precursor. Such a precursor may be fired in vacuum or in an inert or slightly oxidative environment to high temperature resulting in polymer degradation and simultaneous agglomeration of inorganic particles and fusion into a fully ceramic microtextured ceramic for e.g. titaniumdioxyde based solar cells.
If the porous morphologies show a percolating porosity, one may fill the pores by various methods to either close the pores to prevent any liquid penetration or to functionalize the porous system. Impregnation with a reactive monomer such as methyl methacrylate and subsequent polymerisation may act as choice for pore closure. Photochemical grafting of reactive monomers such 4-vinylpyridine allows the filling of pores with a hydrophilic network inside the stiff support matrix. Filling the pores with a monomer such as pyrrole allows the polymerisation into polypyrrole such that the polypyrrole can act as an electron conducting polymer stabilised by porous support matrix.
The porous polymer developing during phase separation can also be functionalized by metal particles. The metal is generally incorporated by the following method: impregnation of the porous support with a metal ion solution and subsequent reduction. Here, the expert in the field can draw from various preparation routes in catalyst development. One may think of precipitation of silver nitrate into the pores and subsequent heat treatment at elevated temperatures. Reduction of a impregnated metal ion solution of a palladium acetate in methyletherketone (MEK) by NaBH4 solution in a mixture of methanol and water for instance also causes the metal to reduce into to small metallic clusters.
Hydrophilisation of micro-structured architectures with outer surfaces and inner surfaces inside the porous morphology can be carried out by various methods. A coating of polyvinyl pyrrolidone applied by dip-coating or spin-coating from a solution with water or any other solvent alters the surface hydrophilic. If intimate adhesion between the microtextured material and the PVP is required, one preferably wants to perform the coating from a solution comprising a common solvent for both polymers. The PVP may be crosslinked by a persulfate after-treatment or heat treatment so that it does not re-dissolve after contact with any solvent during application.
Hydrophilisation as well as hydrophobisation can further be achieved by applying a subsequent plasma treatment using carbon dioxide, oxygen or ammonia as a reacting gas. Gases containing fluorine, such as CF4, result in hydrophobic and super-hydrophobic surfaces.
Besides rendering the outer or inner surface hydrophilic or hydrophobic, one may wish to activate the surface wet chemically. To the expert familiar with the synthesis of chromatographic materials, such activation techniques are apparent. Enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids, amino acids, oligonucleotides, antibodies, or antigens may than be bound to the activated surface to serve as bio-catalytic product or as an affinity adsorption product.
Typically, the products of the present invention are fabricated in two or more parts.
Specifically, a first planar product element is provided having a plurality of grooves and/or wells, corresponding to the fluid channels and/or chambers, manufactured, e.g., moulded or machined, into one of its planar surfaces. These grooves provide the bottom and side walls of the channels and chambers of the devices. A second planar product element is then mated with the first to define the top wall of the channels and chambers. The two members are bonded together in order to ensure that the chann ls and chambers in the product are fluid tight.
Bonding of the two members may be accomplished by a number of methods that are known in the art, such as through the use of adhesives, e.g., UV curable adhesives, or by sonically welding one member to the other.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a moulding method which replicates micron and sub-micron features (<500 micron) with high resolution and high aspect ratio's between 2-5 and preferably larger than 5.
The manufacturing process offers significant design flexibility, enabling a number of processing steps to be performed in-line. For example, microelectronic, microoptical, and/or micromechanical elements can be readily incorporated into the article during manufacture in a variety of different ways, including as part of the product bearing e.g. the microfluid processing architecture, as part of a cover layer, or as part of a second polymeric product integrally bonded to the product. Various designs incorporating these microelements are also possible.
The invention further relates to a product having a porous base structure which is at least partly covered by a more dense skin layer as well as to a product moulded in a product according to the invention, as will al more readily be understood based on the following specific embodiments, examples and accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 9A,9B show SEM pictures of multiwell/microtitration plate structures,
FIGS. 19A,B show different embodiments of an electrophoretic capillary board,
FIGS. 20A,B,C, 21, show different embodiments of micro printing tools,
FIGS. 22A,B show a cross section of a conventional spinnerets for membrane production,
FIGS. 24A,B show a cross-section of a spinnerets with a microstructure,
A polymeric micro sieve 106 is made by casting a thin film 104 with a thickness of 40 micron of a polyethersulfone (PES) solution with the aid of a casting knife over a mould 103 having a large number of small orthogonal protruding cylindrical rods 101 with a diameter of 2 micron and a height of 8 micron on mesa's 102 with a height of 30 micron (
Due to the shrinkage of the PES film partially by the evaporation of the acetone and mainly during the immersion in the water bath, a very thin (thickness 3 micron) crack-free microporous microsieve is obtained after the drying process. Due to the shrinkage of the PES solution the perforations (perforation diameter 6 micron) are somewhat larger than the diameter of the rodlike protrusions on the mould (FIGS. 2,3 show a SEM cross-section and a topview of the obtained supported microsieve). Using a higher initial polymer concentration the amount of shrinkage is reduced. The addition of surfactants (SPAN 80, TWEEN) might enhance the perforation through the rods 101 of the casting solution. Moulds with strong rods 101 have been made with nickel electroplating techniques from Stork Veco. A great advantage of the described technique is that the casting knife does not have to touch the mould during casting so that abrasion of the mould is negligible in time.
The microsieves can be made in a broad range 10 nm-10 micron of pore sizes and have been made with different phase separation techniques and many different polymers like polyimide, polypropylene, polyamide, Teflon®, polyurethane, bio and non-bio degradables, ceramics etc. Liquid induced phase separation is very well accomplished by immersion in an immersion bath, in which the concentration of the non-solvent in the bath is larger than 5% and preferably larger than 95%, in order to prevent the formation of thin and porous skin layers. Vapour induced phase separation is very well accomplished, in which the concentration of the non-solvent in the vapour is less than 25% and sometimes depending on the aspect ratio of the micro perforated structures, less than 1%. Vapour induced phase separation may be quickened, in that the non-solvent is already partially dissolved in the fluid with a concentration less than 2%, in above example with a water concentration of e.g. 0.6%.
Good results have been obtained with e.g. perforated and non perforated structures and a dense or open skin layer covering all aides of the product in that the casting solution contains at least two solvents in which a lowest boiling solvent and a highest boiling solvent have a difference in their respective boiling points of approximately 50° C. or greater; removing a predominant amount of said lowest boiling solvent by evaporation; contacting the solution with a non-solvent for the material, but which is miscible with said at least two solvents to induce phase separation and solidification; releasing the solidified product from the mould.
The Lowest boiling solvent is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone and mixtures thereof.
The highest boiling solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, glycerol and derivatives, naphthalen and substituted versions, acetic acid anyhydride, propionic acid and propionic acid anhydride, dimethyl sulfone, benzophenone, diphenyl sulfone, sulfolane, phenol, m-cresol, dimethyl sulfoxide, diphenyl ether, terphenyl, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone and mixtures thereof.
Good results have been obtained with a non-solvent selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, toluene, hexane, heptane, xylene, cyclohexane, butanol, cyclopentane, octane, higher alcohols, glycols and miscible mixtures of these non-solvents.
The monolithic microsieves may be used for e.g. beer and wine clarification, cold sterilisation of beer and milk, blood plasma filtration, leukocyte or plasma filtration, microbiological analytical applications, PolymeraseChainReaction probefilters, shadow masks for e.g. electronical applications, fotonic crystals, nano stencilling methods, micro contact printing, prefilters, mixers, as a tool to produce light emitting displays etc. The microsieves may be used without a support or with one or more supports. The obtained product may be elastomeric, non-elastomeric, piezo active, etc. depending on the chosen casting solution and the intended application (e.g. vibrating microsieves of piezo active PVDF for filtration and atomisation). Also reinforced nozzle plates for a variety of applications can be made such as ink jet printing, (cross flow) emulsification nozzles for the production of single, double and multiple emulsions, atomisation nozzles for fuel injection, and as an electrically insulated but perforated spacer (having e.g. an electrolyte or another medium within the perforations) for e.g. battery applications. Of coarse many other perforated articles such as encoder disks, micro and nano stencils for e.g. the evaporation of isolated magnetic domains, SAMs, and many other organic and inorganic materials can be made according to the invention.
3D porous tissue products are of importance e.g. in the regeneration of human skin, wound dressings, biodegradable tissue scaffolds and as implantable, semipermeable diffusion membranes for artificial organs such as for using pancreatic islets for release of insulin. The membrane allows bodily fluids to diffuse in and out of the membrane but prevents the movement of the subject's immune cells and antibodies into the membrane if the pore size is well below 50 nm. Retention of e.g. imnunoglobulin G requires pore dimension smaller than 20 nm.
It is well known that the diffusion of nutrients through the membrane is severely hampered if the thickness of the membrane exceeds 100 micron. It is an object of the invention to provide moulded reinforced filtration or diffusion membrane products with an adjustable mean pore size (e.g. less than 20 nm) in the skin layer and with a local mean thickness including the skin layer less than 100 micron. A polymeric reinforced filtration membrane 401 (
A bio degradable membrane is made by casting a film with a thickness of approximately 500 micron of a block-copolymer polyethyleneoxyde/polybutylenetere phtbalate (PEO/PBT, 80/20, 1000 gr/mol) dissolved in chloroform with the aid of a casting knife over a mould having a large number of mesa's with a size of 500×500 micron and a height of 300 micron. The distance between the mesa's is 300 micron. Ethanol is used as an immersion bath to induce phase separation. A mean membrane thickness between the struts 604 of 50 micron is obtained after drying (
The casting solution may also comprises solid, e.g. added nondissolved salt particles that can be leached out of the product after phase separation, to create 3D macroporous (>5 micron) structures.
According to the invention 3D scaffolds with large spaced lamellae or fibres 605 (zigzag stacking) may be provided with a moulded microsieve foil (e.g. pore size 1-50 micron) 607 to create separated chambers to enable growth of different cells in different chambers, or to create an anisotropy in the 3D scaffold for other purposes. The fibres may also be obtained according to the invention with an 3D extrusion nozzle having a microstructire to provide the fibres with grooves and ridges 608 along the fibre to promote cell attachment The extruded fibres (or other structures) themselves may also be made in combination with a phase separation process to obtain uni or bimodal pore size distributions for enhanced cell growth and interdiffusion of bio liquids.
Biodegradable materials may be used for similar moulding phase separation methods to obtain products of materials like e.g. aliphatic polyesters, polyetheresteramides, ethylenevinylacetates, polyanhydrides, polyorthoesters, polymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid and alphahydroxyacids, polyphosphazenes, protein polymers like albumin or collagen, polysaccharides and polylactide-co-glycolide. Aliphatic polyesters can be homopolymers, copolymers (random, block, segmented, tapered blocks, graft, triblock, etc.) having a linear, branched or star structure. Preferred are linear copolymers and block copolymers from the family of polyethyleneglycol (oxyde/terephthalate) and polybutylteraphtalate (PEG/PBT, PEGT/PBT, PEO/PBT all related to Polyactive®) for its biodegradable and biocompatible properties. Suitable monomers for making aliphatic homopolymers and copolymers may be selected from the group consisting of, but are not limited, to lactic acid, lactide (including L-, D-, meso and D,L mixtures), glycolic acid, glycolide, epsilon-caprolactone, p-dioxanone (1,4-dioxan-2-one), trimethylene carbonate (1,3-dioxan-2-one), delta-valerolactone, beta-butyrolactone, epsilon-decalactone, 2,5-diketomorpholine, pivatolactone, alpha, alpha-diethylpropiolactone, ethylene carbonate, ethylene oxalate, 3-methyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione, 3,3-diethyl-1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione, gamma-butyrolactone, 1,4-dioxepan-2-one, 1,5-dioxepan-2-one, 6,6-dimethyl-dioxepan-2-one, 6,8-dioxabicycloctane-7-one, polyetheresteramides and combinations thereof.
Other “biocompatible” materials (bio and non bio-degradable) can also be used for various biomedical applications as polystyrene, polyglycolide, poly acrylate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate, poly vinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyethylene-co-vinylacetate, polyanhydride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxyvalerate, polyurethane, polyetherurethane, polyesterurethane, polyarylate, poly anhydride-co-imide, polyaminoacids, polyphosphazene, chitosan, chitin, celluloseacetate, cellulose-nitrate, nylon, polycarbonate mixed sters. 40/60 psilon-caprolactone-co-(L)lactide copolymer film.
Many other materials are described by Allcock in The Encyclopedia of Polymer Science, Vol. 13, pages 31-41, Wiley Intersciences, John Wiley & Sons, 1988 and by Vandorpe, Schacht, Dejardin and Lenmiouchi in the Handbook of Biodegradable Polymers, edited by Domb, Kost and Wisemen, Hardwood Academic Press, 1997, pages 161-182.
Products with topographic features corresponding to cellular dimensions (1-100 micron range) cells seem to exhibit enhanced cellular attachment and orientation and a more in vivo like cellular morphology (fibroplast attachment and induce contact guidance of these cells) topographical, spatial chemical and immunological control over cells to create functional tissue engineering constructs. A number of different products may be stacked onto each other to create isotropic and anisotropic features for e.g. wound dressings and other scaffolds. A wound dressing according to the invention may be provided with e.g. channels (e.g. diameter 5-100 micron and a length up to a few mm) for directional growth of blood vessels and nerve cells. Next stacked products for a wound dressing or other applications may have similar features with smaller dimension. The last stacked product may have only microporous features for e.g. oxygenation and anti bacterial purposes. Coatings like e.g. laminin may be used to promote cell attachment. Biodegradation time of products according to the invention may be altered by changing the porosity and the pore size of the product. Products may be made with a relatively dense and smooth skinlayer. Products without a skin layer show an intrinsic micro roughness which is advantageous for promoting cell adhesion and the like. Products with a connected cell morphology have the advantage for an enhanced interdiffusion of bioliquids. Products according to the invention may itself also be used as a sacrificial mould for bio and non bio degradable materials like polymers for tissue scaffolds and ceramic slurrys (e.g. hydroxyapatites) for bone replacement. The sacrificial mould may be dissolved in a suitable selective solvent for polymeric constructs or pyrolised for ceramic constructs. The tuned micro roughness of the sacrificial mould (with or without a skin layer) according to the invention and with functional microstructures will always be transformed to the product.
Products with embedded microstructures according to the invention can be folded to a tube examples of which include a artificial tube for nerve, artificial tube for spinal cord, artificial esophagus, artificial trachea, artificial blood vessel, artificial valve or alternative medical membranes such as artificial endocranium, artificial ligaments, artificial tendons, surgical sutures, surgical prostheses, surgical reinforcement, wound protecting materials, artificial skin and artificial cornea.
On a microarray, a plurality of regions (called features) are defined on which different probes e.g. nucleic acids, amino acids, oligonucleotides, antibodies, antigens, etc. are immobilised. The microarray is placed into a reaction container together with a sample e.g. DNA or the like to allow e.g. fluorescence-labelled sample DNA to hybridize with the probes immobilised on the respective features of the microarray. Thereafter, the microarray is irradiated with excitation light to measure fluorescent intensity of each feature. Based on the measured fluorescent intensities, the binding levels between the respective probes and the sample DNA are obtained and converted into desired information.
Probes can conveniently be applied with ink-jet technology on solid supports such as glass slides or porous supports like nitrocelluse, polyvinylenedifluoride, polypropylene, polysulfone and nylon. Ink-jet technology also allows for the accurate deposition of defined volumes of liquid. On porous products often splattering (diffusion) of probes is observed, a problem that increases with the goal towards more densely packed array probes. Porous products with orthogonal pore channels may be used (like Inorganic Anopore membranes, Whatman, Pamgene) to inhibit splattering. Another method is to provide a grid of hydrophobic material on the porous product (Abouzied, et al. 1994), or laying down stripes of an uncured or otherwise flowable resin or elastomer solution and allowing the material al least partially to infiltrate the porous array product to prevent splattering. According to the invention other (polymeric) micro array structures are more suitable in order to prevent splattering especially in view of the need for further densification of probe spots. First of all polymeric phase separation techniques may be employed to provide more orthogonal directed pore channels like macrovoids in the porous product. Orthogonal oriented macropores can be made with PMMA/butylacetate as material/solvent and n-hexane as a non-solvent. Added surfactants in general (e.g. TWEEN 80) may also influence the forming of orthogonal channels.
Secondly a mould may be used for heat-seal stamping of the porous support which seals locally pores and forms a water-impervious barrier between different probe regions. This mould may also be used for cold seal stamping during or short after a phase separation process to obtain porous and dense areas. A microporous mould saturated with an alcohol or glycol (delayed mixing) may also be used to pattern locally regions with a very thick skin layer. Thirdly phase separation is used to obtain porous mesa's (probe regions) with a grid of thin and deep gaps between the different probe regions. Fourthly moulding may be employed to obtain micro well structures in which the walls of the well are microporous but provided with a dense skin layer and the bottom of the well is microporous and lacking this skin layer. The different probes may be then e.g. deposited in different wells and the probe material will then mainly be absorbed by the bottom of the well. A surplus of probe material will then be more absorbed by the microporous walls of the well via the bottom of the well without a skin layer (
The filling of these chambers 1002 with the phase separating material may be done with inkjet printing together or sequential with the probe material 1003. The filling may also be done by normal phase separation casting techniques especially when using a fully perforated grid. The material of the grid may be dense, hydrophobic and/or microporous with a closed cell structure (non-connecting pores). After applying a casting film for phase separation e.g. with a thickness of 20 micron on a grid 1001 with a thickness of e.g. 10 micron, due to the large shrinkage of this film during precipitation in the non-solvent bath, the microporous polymer (with an open cell structure/connecting pores) will mainly reside within the perforations of the grid. The material of the grid 1001 may be e.g. polymeric or ceramic. The grid 1001 may be microporous and a treatment may be given to fill or to make it hydrofobic before the filling of the chambers 1002. Preferentially the walls of the chambers 1002 are tapering and/or have a sufficient micro rougness to lock the probe material 1003. A number of different hybrid microarrays have been manufactured with polyvinyldifluoride (PVDF) and polypropylene as a grid material and respectively nitrocellulose, PVDF and nylon as a probe binding material 1003.
The thickness of the hybrid or non-hybrid microarray film is preferably between about 10 and 100 micron. In order to improve alignment of the microarray/well plate with a suitable probe filling device alignment marks can be provided in the product. Also the distance (e.g. 5 micron) between the different probe regions can be made as small as possible with respect to the size of the probe regions e.g. 100 micron), which is easily possible with high aspect ratio structures. Without alignment techniques the probe material can also be deposited in more than one multiwell, provided that the different multiwells have a size (e.g. 2 micron) are much smaller than the probe spot (e.g. 20 micron). In a preferred embodiment, ach microarray contains about 103-108 chambers 1002 for 103-106 distinct polynucleotide or polypeptide biopolymers per surface area of less than about 1 cm2. Also in a preferred embodiment, the biopolymers in each microarray region are present in a defined amount between about 0.1 femtomoles and 100 nanomoles and each probe region has an imprinted determination-code originating from the used mould. The ability to form high-density arrays of biopolymers, where each region is formed of a well-defined amount of deposited material, can be achieved in accordance with the microarray-forming method described.
Products according to the invention may also be used to manufacture dense/microporous micro well and titration plates, preferably provided with a identification or bar code per well or titration section. FIGS. 9A,9B show SEM pictures of microporous micro multiwell plate structures of a hydrophilic polyethersulfone/polyvinylpyrrolidone for e.g. cell encapsulation and to study cell growth. Feeding solutions can easily be applied through the microporous material. Different surface sections may have different surface morphologies (with or without a locally smooth skin layer) depending on the exact liquid-liquid demixing and liquid-solid demixing conditions during phase separation.
A micro moulded multiwell plate of polystyrene was made by thermally induced phase separation. Polystyrene (Dow) was dissolved in diisodecylphthalate (Merck) to a 23 wt % casting solution and heated to a temperature of 120° C. With a casting knife the solution was cast 300 micrometers thick on a mould with a cylindrical pillars with a diameter of 5 micron and a height of 30 micron. Both the casting knife and the mould had a temperature of 120° C. The solution has gradually cooled down to a temperature of 20° C. and a porous layer has been formed at the imprint side of the structure, as seen by electron microscopy. Alternatively the solution has been cooled down very quickly in a water bath of 20° C., leading to a dense skin layer on the moulded and top side of the structure. Afterwards, the polystyrene multiwell plate was rinsed in ethanol.
Carbon microstructures can be applied in a variety of applications such as arrays of interdigitated electrodes or capacitors, as electrode materials in a large variety of analytical and electrochemical applications, particularly sensor applications, as electrically actuated cantilevers, sample holder grids for scanning electron microscopy as well as electrodes, and current-collector plates in fuel cells.
A micro-moulded substrate obtained by phase separation may be prepared specifically for further processing into glassy carbon microstructures with micro to nanometer sized geometric features. Such subsequent processing generally comprises the carbonisation of the polymeric micro-moulded substrate by a controlled heat treatment. The carbonised micro-moulded substrate may also be functionalised after the heat treatment by for example chemisorption, physisorption, wash-coating, deposition methods such as chemical vapour deposition, plasma deposition, sputtering, precipitation, and photolithographic add-on methods.
A micro sieve produced according to example one is carbonised under well-chosen conditions to avoid buckling or cracks resulting from anisotropic shrinkage and residual stresses during carbonisation. Between the micro-moulding of the substrate and the carbonisation, the substrate was not functionalised. Shrinkage of the substrate occurs to an extend of approximately 60%. The observed shrinkage is uniform in both the support and the perforated structure. The extent of this shrinkage however depends strongly on factors such as the porosity of the micro-moulded substrate, the pyrolysis procedure, temperature ramp rate and residents time at intermediate and end temperatures, the material of the substrate, and the atmosphere in which carbonisation occurs (inert or oxidative). The choice of the preparation conditions during phase separation influences the porosity. The material forming th micro-moulded substrate determines the maximum carbon yield. Materials to be processed in the present invention can be for example aromatic polyimides, polyacrylonitrile, polyetherimides, polyfurfural alcohols, phenolic resins, and polyvinyl chloride.
A carbon microsieve produced from a PI Matrimid 5218 substrate.
A PI Matrimid 5218 microsieve substrate was prepared following the procedure described in Example 1. This substrate was subsequently carbonised using the following the pyrolysis program: the substrate heated to 150° C. at a rate of 50° C./min and kept at this temperature for 15 min, subsequently the temperature was raised to 350° C. at a rate of 5° C./min. The final temperature was reached with a temperature ramp of 1° C./min. The end temperature was held for one hour, after which the microsieve was allowed to cool in the oven to ambient conditions. The resulting carbon microsieve can be seen in
Instead of having smooth carbon surfaces, one may desire to have a highly porous carbon network build up by nanometer-sized fibres with an large internal area acting as surface for electrochemical or catalytic reactions. It is also wishful to have such large internal surfaces inside miniaturised fluidic channels and assemblies. Such carbon networks with porosity's up to 90% still having considerable mechanical strength can be prepared by growing carbon nanotubes. However, to introduce a three-dimensional microarchitecture a heat resistant ceramic substrate is desired.
A particular version of the invention is a ceramic product prepared by a phase inversion process on a microstructered mould. The solution to be cast onto the mould may comprise a solvent or a mixture of solvent, a polymer or a blend of polymers, ceramic particles, low molecular weight additives and in some cases a non-solvent or a mixture of non-solvents. According to the invention, phase separation occurs shortly prior to casting or on the mould. The resulting product is a microstructured polymeric product containing ceramic particles. After drying of the product, it will be fired to remove the polymer leaving behind the ceramic particles. These may transform during the firing into a different ceramic or different crystal form. Firing causes the particles to agglomerate into a solid ceramic product having the microarchitecture of the polymer-ceramic precursor.
The ceramic microstructured product is heat resistant and can be further used to prepare carbon nanotube architectures. First, noble metal clusters are deposited onto the surface. Precipitation of nickel nitrate and subsequent thermal reduction serves this purpose for example. The microstructured ceramic product coated with Ni-clusters can be covered by carbon nanotubes subsequently. For this, the Ni-covered substrate is exposed to an reactive gas atmosphere of hydrogen diluted methane at ambient pressure and temperatures around 550 C. Depending on the length of the reaction, the carbon nanotube networks grows onto the microstructured product
A micromoulded ceramic membrane is made from a casting solution of polyethersulfone (ICI 5200 P) (5.8 wt %), NMP (19.8 wt %), acetone (15.6 wt %), and AlOH powder (Boehmite K30)(58.8 wt %). This was casted with a casting knife on a mould to form a 50/150 micrometer thick film. Part of the solvent was evaporated for 30 seconds, after which the film was immersed in a water bath. The micromoulded PBS film, containing the AlOH was put in an oven and heated up to a temperature of 600° C. with a speed of 35° C./min. In the oven there was a constant air flow of 1 l/min. After two hours at 600° C. the oven gradually cooled down to room temperature.
Carbon and inorganic microstructures may be used for specific operations in the analysis or synthesis of a sample at elevated temperatures. For example, the devices may include high throughput reaction chambers for performing synthesis, amplification or extension reactions.
Conducting Conjugated Polymeric Microstructured Electrodes
Products according to the invention can be used to fabricate 3D microstructured electrodes with enlarged active surface area to improve the efficiency. 3D Microporous products can be used to fill the micro pores with a suitable conjugated polymer like polyanniline, polypyrrole, PEDOT, etc. Products can also be used as a sacrificial mould for 3D structuring of conjugated polymeric electrodes. Such electrodes can easily be made by well known e.g. electrochemical polymerisation methods for e.g. battery applications.
Advantages of 3D electrodes are a denser packing thereby enabling a greater degree of interchain electron and proton transfer and an improved electrical charge storage capacity. Applications are, general polymer battery electrodes, particularly flexible thin-film battery, electrochromic devices, novel amperometric enzyme-entrapped conductive polymer electrode for biosensor applications (e.g., glucose sensor), and microelectronic or molecular-electronic devices. Also convective ion transport for e.g. ion-exchange and electro-dialysis membranes is improved by microstructures. Typical dimensions of the microstructure are multiple micron or submicron, substantially identical micro protrusions, wherein each protrusion has a height of between about 0.05 and 50 micrometers and a top surface area of up to about 0.0025 and 2500 square micrometers of conductive polymer on top of and in contact with a substantially smooth electrically conducting surface.
The introduction of new types of interactive multimedia services has increased the requirement for a substantially increased capacity on existing telecommunication network infrastructures, which is impossible to achieve without a wide use of fibreoptics in connecting, transporting, accessing, and in system equipment. Waveguide technology at a low cost is one of the most important regions which should be able to contribute to the breakthrough for optical solutions. Up to now silicon on silicon generally has been used as a waveguide material in telecommunication applications. A complete accomplishment of a low cost and a large volume scenario, however, requires the introduction of only low cost processes in a few steps, which only could be realised through the use of polymer materials.
An optical waveguide is formed when a dielectric material of refractive index n1 is placed between another dielectric material of refractive index n2, where n1 is greater than n2. On entering the guide, because of the difference in the refractive indices, the light is repeatedly totally internally reflected and travels along the path of the guide. In this way light is transmitted from one point to another.
There are two types of optical waveguides: a planar type optical waveguide and a channel type optical waveguide. A planar type optical waveguide has a portion through which light is guided (core) formed in a plane, while a channel type optical waveguide has a core formed as a channel. That is, in a planar type optical waveguide, the light is constrained in one direction, while in a channel type optical waveguide, the light is constrained in two directions. In this way, light can be transmitted even if the guide is curved. Other methods for producing optical waveguides using organic materials include selective removal of a thin film using either a laser beam, reactive ion etching (RIE), or wet etching.
One method which shows promise for low cost mass production was reported in “Fabrication of Low Polymer Waveguides using Injection Moulding Technology”, Electronics Letters, 1993, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 309-401. In this method, a patterned product on which patterns of a groove constituting a capillary is formed by injection molding using a polymer material. This product is then used to form a channel type polymeric optical waveguide.
According to the invention many types of moulded waveguide products for optical linear and nonlinear, e.g. switches, splitters, WDM filters, phased arrays, Mach Zehnder interferometers, connectors, graded fibres, electrooptical devices, dense wavelength division multiplexers, optical pumps and multi array scanners can be made.
The products obtained by phase separation can be made or filled with a broad variety of materials like polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate, (benzo) cyclobutane, (thermoresistant) polyimide, poly(perfluorocyclobutane), polycyanate, rare earth polyfiner materials such as, erbium (Er3+) doped (fluorophosphinate) polymers, and fluorine substituted versions hereof to diminish internal optical absorption. The used polymers may exhibit electrooptic, acoustooptic, magnetooptic or thermooptic effects or else optical fluorescence and stimulated emission (optical amplification).
Nanoporous (poresize <50 nm) products may be optically transparent and may be used as a cladding for the optical core. Microporous non-transparent products may first be provided with an appropriate cladding layer by means of e.g. dipping, spincoating, spray coating and the core layer may subsequently be applied by casting, capillary filling etc. The core layer may also directly be provided in a (sacrificial) product with a smooth skin layer and a rigid topplate with cladding properties, the product is then dissolved in an appropriate solvent in such a way that the core layer attached to the rigid topplate remains, and finally the core layer is provided with an additional cladding layer. It is clear that sequential processes are used with respect to the solvability of each of the used materials. Monomeric solutions may also be used and subsequently polymerised. Photoetchable optical materials have also a clear advantage in the construction of local optical devices within the product. Other parts of the product may of coarse be used for other functions e.g. microfluidic purposes. The pores of the microporous moulded product can be filled and/or closed with another material, e.g. with a good thermal conductivity.
Products may first be provided with an electrical conductor like a metal (e.g. electroless plating or sputtering) or a conductive polymer (e.g. dip, spray or spin coating) with e.g. a specific resistance less than or equal to 10 power 10 ohm-cm. Such products have smoothened structures and may be used for electro optical devices. After filling an applied electric field by means of mounted electrodes may permanently crosslink the material in a polarised state.
In a second preferred embodiment a sacrificial moulding technique has been used to obtain e.g. a broad band splitter wave guide structure. The microporous product of PES with a dense and smooth skin layer,
Many different materials may be used for the construction of these devices, emphasised is that the (non)solubility of the different materials in different solvents is a prerequisite for the manufacturing of these devices. Materials that may be applied for the mould, the core and cladding layer can be made with acrylate and methacrylate monomers, such as polymethylmethacrylate, polybutylacrylate, polyethylhexylacrylate, polyisodecylacrylate, polyhydroxyethylacrylate, polyhydroxypropylacrylate, polycyclohexylacrylate, polybutane-dioldiacrylate, polydiacrylate, polyneopentylglycoldiacrylate, polydiethyleneglycoldiacrylate, polydiethyleneglycoldimethacrylate, polyhexanedioldiacrylate, fluorinated versions hereof and photopolymerizable versions hereof for in situ patterning. Other useful transparent polymers include polyacetates, polyesters, polystyrene, PVDF, polycarbonates, polyimides, polyethyleneterephthalates (PET) polycyclobutanes, polycyanates and fluorinated versions hereof. Polyester, PET and polybenzocyclobutane are also very suitable as a substrate material.
Optical gratings can also be produced from many materials with different refraction index, with different aspect ratio's and due to the elasticity of the nanoporous transparent layers even negative tapering profiles are obtained (
Products according to the invention have been used, as a textured template for enhanced optical properties like scattering and absorption of the light in the photovoltaic (PV) regions, to create surface enlargement of photovoltaic layers with high aspect ratio structures for e.g. amorphous silicon and conducting polymer solar cells and to facilitate capillary filling of the dye fluid in dye sensitised TiO2 solar cells,
The invention enables the roll-to-roll manufacture of photovoltaic foils or devices, while at the same time making it possible to use any desired micromoulded structure to improve the function of the PV layers.
According to the invention products have also been used as a temporary product for (high) temperature sputtering of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) like indium or fluor doped tinoxide and as an electronic circuit board with different wiring thickness dimensions for conductive polymers like polyannile, polypyrrole, polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) and polyphenylenevinylene (PPV).
Amorphous silicon PV cells are known structures which comprise several layers, usually alternating n-doped, intrinsic, and p-doped silicon, and which essentially have the ability of generating electric current from incident light. To this end, the invention relates to a method which comprises the following subsequent steps:
Although the TCO layer will generally be deposited directly onto the temporary product with a thickness not exceeding 100 nm (sometimes preceded by one or more extremely thin layers serving as a process aid), it is also possible after providing the temporary product to first apply an eventual very thin protective (gas tight) layer and/or metallisation electrodes, on the said temporary product, and then the TCO layer, followed by the other layers making up the PV device.
The product according to the invention has been provided with very small micro-structures in the 50-1000 nanometer range. Namely, in order for any PV cell to operate efficiently, it is desired that incident light be scattered through the PV structure as much as possible. To this end, the PV cell's surface, as well as the other layers, needs a certain texture, e.g., such that the surface comprises a plurality of optical prisms (which lead to incident light breaking and spreading through the PV cell). While a normal scattering texture is preferred, more preferred is a texture comprising a plurality of adjacent pyramids, thus having alternating protrusions and indentations, the relative distance between which preferably is in the micron range, and more preferably about 100-250 nanometer. It is further preferred that the protrusions and indentations have a rounded shape (e.g., an angle of basis to hypotenuse of maximally about 40 DEG), in order to prevent possible defects in the amorphous silicon layers which may occur in the case of sharp peaks or sharp valleys. Hence, by adjusting the texture of the temporary product the invention essentially allows the texture of the transparent conductor and the PV layers to be tuned in such a way as to eventually give it optimal surface morphology.
With preference the product is also provided with a number of ridges or trenches to electrically isolate different PV regions and with a number of corresponding perforated regions to facilitate later serial connections of alternating photo and back electrodes to create a solar cell with a high output voltage.
Examples of suitable transparent conductive oxides for the photoelectrode are indium tin oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide doped with aluminium, fluor, or boron, cadmium sulphide, cadmium oxide, tin oxide, and, most preferably,
Fluor-doped Sn02. The TCO or TCOs can be deposited in a known manner, e.g., using Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD), sputtering, Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition (APCVD), PECVD, spray pyrolysis, evaporation (physical vapour deposition), electrodeposition, screen printing, sol-gel processing, etc. The temporary (sacrificial) product with the texture is preferentially made with a thermoresistant polymer, like polyimide.
The temporary microstructured product can of coarse also be used for many other applications including non temporary ones.
Solar Cells, Light emitting Diodes, Thin Film Transistors and Sensors with Conjugated Polymeric Layers.
Products obtained with phase separation can be applied in various ways to improve the performance of these devices made with elctrically conducting conjugated polymers. Photovoltaic efficiencies of solar cells are seriously hampered because of the mismatch between the mean absorption length of the photons (typical >100 nm) and the mean recombination length of a photon induced electron-hole pair (typical <20 nm) in the active conjugated polymeric layer. Interpenetrating networks of the electron donor material and the electron acceptor material (with a typical interpenetrating length scale of 20-50 nm) have been proposed to yield higher efficiencies. According to the invention a product with a high aspect ratio and a small repeating distance (<100 nm) is used following subsequent steps for the production of a photovoltaic device:
Many variations are of coarse possible for the man skilled in the art. The TCO layer 1502 may be substituted for a e.g. a PEDOT on Au (<10 nm) layer, sputtering techniques of metal layers like e.g. Au, Pt, Ca or Al might be used to obtain relative thick (>50 nm) layers on the ridges and the bottom of the grooves to serve as an optical reflector and as an electric conductor, while the thickness on the walls is less than 10-20 nm (optical transparent). Cylindrical shaped structures in this case are more preferred than parallel groove/ridge structures because of inter connectivity reasons. Filling and etching techniques may be employed for selective removal of the electrode material of the top and/or the bottom. The PPV layer 1503 may be replaced by many other single conjugated active polymers, or double layers with an interpenetrating network, or inorganic active layers as silicon, the second electrode layer 1504 may also serve as a photoelectrode etc.
The product 1501 may also serve as a sacrificial layer, to be removed after all the production steps and also the first electrode (in case of a relatively thick layer) may be deposited in a later step together with a sealing layer after removal of the product. According to the invention the advantage is that the photovoltaic layer will be structured according to the microstructure with a high aspect ratio of at least two. The first electrode will normally be a transparent conductive (TC) layer like in the example of amorphous silicon PV device. In case the second electrode layer is being applied as a TC layer the product 1501 does not have to be removed. The product is then preferentially made at least partially of an electrically conductive material.
Transparent and Non-transparent Conductiv Boards
Conjugated polymers are difficult to use as a transparent conductive (TC) layer in comparison with a TCO like ITO because of their increased surface resistivity (typical larger than 1000 ohm-square at a thickness less than 1 micron). Most conjugated polymers films with a thickness of 1 micron absorb already nearly 80% of the visible light which make them unsuitable as a TC layer. PEDOT (100 nm) films on a very thin (transparent) Au film (<10 nm) have been proposed as an alternative for ITO on glass products but still suffer from a high surface resistivity. With moulding techniques according to the invention TC layers with a reduced surface resistivity can easily be made:
A product 1601 of polyvinyldifluoride (PVDF) with a dense skinlayer is made with a phase separation process having a number of mesas 1603 with a size of 50×50 micron and a number of corresponding channels 1602 with a width of 20 micron and a depth of 25 micron (
A PEDOT aqueous solution together with a standard wetting agent (containing isopropanol) is sprayed and/or spin coated at low speed on the product. Due to the surface tension, the nanoporosity of the skinlayer (cf.
Alternatively the conductive layer is applied in two steps. First the channels 1602 are filled by casting a PEDOT solution between the mesas. In a second step a PEDOT aqueous solution is spray and/or spin coated on the product at high speed. After drying a thin (typ. 50-10 nm thick) conductive PEDOT sheet 1604 is obtained on top of the mesas with interconnection of low resistivity wires 1606 between the mesas.
Other combinations of various application methods may as well be used.
The surface resistivity of this film with dual thickness has been measured to be about 40 times smaller (250 ohm square) than a similar film with a uniform thickness of 100 nm (10,000 ohm square). The device may be further processed for use as e.g. a solar cell. a light emitting diode board, a thin film transistor board or a sensor. If necessary the product may be dissolved in a suitable solvent. The body 1601 may also be obtained using a sacrificial moulding technique. Of coarse this method is also suitable for the production of (non transparent) flexible electronic circuit board with different wiring thickness dimensions for conductive polymers such as PPV, polypyrrole, PEDOT, etc. Most of the known conductive polymers are not dissolvable in many known organic solvents.
Dye-sensitised (TiO2) solar cells also benefit from products according to the invention.
A monolayer of suitable dye molecules attached to a TiO2 nanoporous material can be activated by an incident photon. An electron will then easily be transferred to the conduction band of TiO2 and next to a collector electrode (photoelectrode). The corresponding hole will subsequently be transferred via a suitable electrolyte solution to a second collector electrode. The function of the elctrolyte (often containing iodium ions) is to reduce (reset) the oxidized dye molecule. The TiO2 is nanoporous to achieve an enhanced surface area (>100×) for the dye monolayer. A dye (often Ruthenium based) monolayer on a flat surface absorbs less than 1% of the incoming light.
Products according to the invention may be used for these solar cells as a temporary product for the production of a TCO electrode layer or to make a polymeric TC electrode layer as explained above. Moulding may also be used to micro-structure the TiO2 layer (cf.
Fabrication of Single-C Lour and Multic Lour Electroluminescent Pixels Display
A sacrificial microporous moulded mask product of polyimide containing circular channels of 100 microns in diameter (centre to centre spacing 200 microns) and thickness 50 micron was made according to the invention. The product mask was brought into conformial, sealing contact with an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer patterned on a glass plate. An electroluminescent material, tris (8-hydroxyquinoline)-aluminium (Alq3 50 nm) was deposited by thermal evaporation onto the mask and the glass plate. The mask was removed from the glass plate (peeling or dissolving) and left features of Alq3 on the glass plate patterned as circles. An aluminium cathode then was evaporated on top of the arrangement and an electrical potential was applied between the aluminium cathode and the ITO anode to show electroluminescence.
Multicolour pixels based organic electroluminescent molecules can be also created with one mask product (
Microfabricated lab-on-chips combine sample handling and analysis steps into a single package. Moulded microfluidic system products may consist of pumps, valves, channels, reservoirs cavities, reaction chambers, mixers, heaters, fluidic interconnects, diffusers, nozzles, microsieves, porous media, and other microfluidic components. Such an approach is commonly known as micro total analysis system (TAS). TAS is an ideal approach for continuous monitoring of chemical concentration in industrial, chemical and biochemical processes. As such, the TAS concept has many potential applications in biotechnology, process control, as well as the environmental and medical sciences. Additionally, product materials are also selected for their inertness to critical components of an analysis or synthesis to be carried out by the device, e.g., proteins, nucleic acids and the like. Devices which include an optical or visual detection element, e.g., for use in fluorescence based or calorimetric assays, will generally be fabricated, at least in part, from a transparent polymeric material to facilitate that detection. Also there is a need for polymer-based products that can be produced efficiently in commercial-scale quantities, e.g., in the form of a roll good, and that can be subsequently selectively tailored to perform a variety of functions including heating, mixing, cell sorting, capillary array electrophoresis, combinatorial chemistry, electro-chromatography and adaptations for the use of kinetic inhibition assays, competition immunoassays, enzyme assays and nucleic acid hybridisation assays.
The microfluidic devices and systems of the present invention are capable of broad application and may generally be used in the performance of chemical and biochemical synthesis, analysis and detection methods. Generally, the devices of the invention can replace conventional laboratory equipment and methods, including measuring and dispensing equipment, as well as more complex analytical equipment. In particular, these devices, with their micron and submicron scales, volumetric fluid control systems, and integretability, may generally be designed to perform a variety of chemical and biochemical operations where these traits are desirable or even required. In addition, these devices may be used in performing a large number of specific assays that are routinely performed at a much larger scale and at a much greater cost, e.g., immunoassays.
The devices may also be used to carry out specific operations in the analysis or synthesis of a sample. For example, the devices may include reaction chambers for performing synthesis, amplification or extension reactions. The devices may similarly include sample analysis elements for the detection of a particular characteristic of the sample, such as a capillary channel for performing electrophoresis on the sample or an optical wave guide structure according to the invention. In such cases, and as described previously, devices for use in such detection methods will generally include a transparent detection window for optical or visual detection.
Moulding of such fluidic board products may be proceeded by applying a mouldable material on a rigid support and bringing a mould in line contact with the mouldable material. The net result is a two-layer structure in which a microfluid processing architecture-bearing layer is integrally bonded to the polymeric product. A second product may be bonded to the moulded article to form a cover layer overlying the microfluid processing architecture. Most of the known products have utilised clamp-shell type devices which have problems with sealing and leakage, particularly when products are being formed from polymers.
A mould with micro fluidic structures has been prototyped in silicon with standard lithographic and anisotropic reactive ion etching techniques. The mould can be used directly for making polymeric replica's with phase separation techniques, or the silicon mould is first transversed into an electroplated mould with good mechanical strength properties, like e.g. nickel from Stork Veco. The latter method has the advantage that the mould of nickel (microstructured nickel foil with thickness 50-200 micron) can be wrapped around a drum for continuous production of polymeric fluidic boards
With such a drum 1801 (diameter 9.6 cm) having a microstructured nickel foil 1802 with a thickness of 100 micron continuously polymeric moulded micro fluidic products have been made with the VIPS technique. The polymer solution containing a high concentration of polyimide, in a 40/60 NWM/acetone solution has been casted with a mean thickness of 300 micron on the nickel foil 1802 at the highest point of the drum 1801. With preference the casting solution 1808 is already pre-saturated with a small amount of water (<1%) to speed up the vapour induced phase separation proc ss. The rotation velocity (clock-wise) of the drum is set at 1 cm/sec. Around the drum a ring shaped air gap 1803 is being provided with a mean channel height of 1 cm in which air saturated with water vapour is led (anti clock-wise), at an elevated temperature depending on the casting settings between 30 and 90° C., from an inlet 1805 to an outlet 1804 and next to a condenser to collect the solvent and water deposit. The mean interaction time of the casting solution with the air is 60 seconds. The phase separated foil 1803 with micro fluidic structures is subsequently taken up by a collecting roll 1309. With preference the phase separated foil 1808 is first adhered to a support foil 1810 bearing the phase separated foil and in a second stage to a cover foil 1811 covering the fluidic structures before pick up by the collecting roll 1809. Support foil 1810 may contain fluidic structures like in- and output ports and liquid channels to form functional components together with the phase separated foil 1803. Instead of a drum also extended belts with the micro-structured mould may be used for the roll to roll manufacturing of these microfluidic structures or other examples according to the invention. Microporous products may also be used itself as a mould to produce products according to the invention. Non-solvent vapour or liquid may be applied through the pores to induce phase separation of the moulded article. Fluids may also be extracted through the pores e.g. in case of colloids suspended in the fluid to induce solidification.
Thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) has been used to make products of Teflon® PFA (from duPontdeNemours) with a dense skin layer facing the microfluidic structures. Teflon® PFA was dissolved in chlorotrifluoretliylene to a 20 wt % casting solution and brought to a temperature of 300° C. The solution was then casted with the aid of a die (die gap 300 micron) on a mould held at a temperature of 200° C. The chlorotrifluoroetlhylene was extracted from the product during two hours in a Freon TF bath. A heat treatment was given for 30 minutes at 300° C. and microscopic examination showed a dense skin layer at the micro fluidic imprint side of the product. (In a next trial the dense skin layer appeared to be absent by precasting the mould with a very thin layer of chlorotrifluorethylene.)
Other polymeric materials are also suited for TIPS such as isotactic polypropylene and Nylon 12 with respectively diphenylether and polyethyleneglycol as appropriate diluents. temperature
LIPS can also be used for continuous production. Matrimid 5218 polyimide (CIBA) is dissolved in NMP and acetone. The polymer solution is cast on a long flexible carrier band having a number of flexible micro-structured nickel foil regions. After casting, blowing air having a temperature of from 15-60° C. and a relative humidity of from 10 to 80% in air-conditioning apparatus is fed from an outlet and directed to the surface of the cast film at a velocity of from 0.2 to 20 cm/sec for a period of from 1 to 15 seconds to remove the acetone and to induce a pre phase separation process by the absorption of water from the humid gas (VIPS). The carrier band with the cast film is then transported and dipped in a coagulating bath containing water which is a non-solvent for the polymer and is compatible with the solvent of the polymer. When dipped in coagulating bath for a period of 20-200 seconds the phase separation process (LIPS) finally shapes a solid micro-structured polymeric film, which is then stripped off from the carrier band having the microstructured nickel regions. The band is then transported back to its starting point. The polymeric film is next introduced into a washing street and drying street and finally wound around a collecting roll.
The thickness of the polymeric film can be adjusted by e.g. changing the polymer concentration, velocity of the carrier band, temperature difference (TIPS) between the initial solvent and the nickel structures, the use of a casting knife etc. In order to give e.g. strength to the polymeric film (in case of thin films) during the process (or depending on the applications) it is also possible to precast the polymer on a solid and flexible support layer e.g. a polyester foil during the described TIPS, VIPS or LIPS processes.
According to the invention phase separation techniques are also employed for sacrificial moulding of microfluidic boards. A mould having microfluidic structures with a height of 55 micron is being filted with a suitable phase seapration technique such that a first microporous polymer (e.g. polylactic acid, a blockcoploymer, PVA) layer is solidified with a height of 50 micron. Next a dense or microporous second polymeric layer (e.g. polyimide) is deposited on the mould and the sandwich structure as released from the mould. The first polymeric layer is then covered by a dense or microporous third polymeric layer (e.g. polyimide) and next the first polymeric layer is (sacrificial) removed, e.g. by thermodegradation and vaporisation of the first polymer or by dissolving and leaching of the first polymer through the microporous second and/or third polymeric layer. The second and third polymer layer now define the microfluidic board.
In case of a microfluidic board having a microporous second and third layer one may fill the pores by various methods to either close the pores to prevent any liquid penetration or to functionalise the porous system according earlier described methods.
A manifold of separate microfluidic boards can be stacked on each other to assemble more complex fluidic devices. Macroscopic perforated foils (e.g. obtained by etching or lithography) may be used in the building of a separate fluidic board and perforations herein serve to interconnect the different microfluidic boards.
The present invention provides multi-layer microfluidic systems, by providing additional product layers, e.g., third, fourth, fifth and more product layers, mated with the typically described first and second layers. Microfabricated elements, e.g., grooves, wells and the like, are manufactured into the surfaces between the various product layers. These microfabricated elements define the various microfluidic aspects or structures of the overall device, e.g., channels, chambers and the like. In preferred aspects, a separate microscale channel network is provided between each of the product layers
Capillary electrophoresis typically involves the injection of a macromolecule containing sample, e.g., nucleic acids or proteins, into one end of a thin capillary. A potential is then applied along the length of the capillary to electrophoretically draw the materials contained within the sample through the channel. The macromolecules present in the sample then separate from each other based upon differences in their electrophoretic mobility within the capillary. Such differences in electrophoretic mobility typically result from differences in the charge and/or size of the macromolecules. Other factors can also affect the electrophoretic mobility of a given molecule, such as interactions between the molecules and the capillary walls, interactions with other molecules, conformation of the molecule, and the like.
In brief, when an appropriate fluid is placed in a channel or other fluid conduit having functional groups present at the surface, those groups can ionise. For example, where the surface of the channel includes hydroxyl functional groups at the surface, i.e., as in the case of silica, protons can leave the surface of the channel and enter the fluid. Under such conditions, the surface will possess a net negative charge, whereas the fluid will possess an excess of protons or positive charge particularly localized near the interface between the channel surface and the fluid. By applying an electric field across the length of the channel, cations will flow toward the negative electrode. Movement of the positively charged species in the fluid pulls the solvent with them. The steady state velocity of this fluid movement (electroosmotic flow) in the channel is directly proportional to the zeta potential of the surface that is in contact with the fluid being moved (See e.g. WO. 96/04547). An electric field may also be applied orthogonal to the channel, herewith attracting (binding) or repelling cations or anions to the walls of the channel, to alter significantly the electroosmotic steady state velocity of the fluid along the channel.
Capillary electrophoresis methods have traditionally employed fused silica capillaries for the performance of these electrophoretic separations because of the relatively high zeta potential. In more recent applications, this fused silica capillary has been replaced by an etched channel in a solid planar product, e.g., a glass or silica slide or product. A covering layer or product provides the last wall of the capillary.
The required electric field strength to induce sufficient electrophoretic mobility/separation can increase up to 1 kV/cm putting high demands on the dielectric strength and electric insulating properties of the used materials.
Relatively little effort has been made in using poymeric materials for the construction of a capillary fluidic board with typical capillary diameters of 50-75 micron. According to the invention such capillary fluidic boards can easily be made using a mould and a phase separation process with e.g. a polyimide casting solution.
Although some polymeric materials possess sufficient surface potential to support sufficient electroosmotic mobility of fluids in contact therewith, in the case of many polymeric materials, the surface potential is so low that it does not support sufficient electroosmotic mobility, as defined above. As such, systems that employ these polymeric materials, without modification, are largely commercially impractical for use in microfluidic devices, due to the extremely slow rates attainable for steady state fluid transport.
Surface modification of polymeric products may take on a variety of different forms, including coating those surface with an appropriately charged material, derivatizing molecules present on the surface to yield charged groups on that surface, and/or coupling charged compounds to the surface. The surfaces of the microproduct may be modified or activated, e.g., by oxygen plasma. A thin coating of e.g. polydimethylsiloxane, may also be modified by plasma irradiation, which oxidizes the methyl groups present in the polymer, liberating the carbon atoms and leaving hydroxyl groups in their place. This modification effectively creates a glass-like surface on the polymeric material. In a related aspect, detergents with their charged head groups and hydrophobic tails, function as particularly desirable coating materials. Upon passing such materials through the channels of the system, the hydrophobic tails of the detergent will localize to the hydrophobic surface of the product, thereby presenting the charged head group to the fluid layer, creating a charged surface. Selected charged areas may also be selected and prepared using a photolyzable detergent, which photolyzes to produce a positively or negatively charged group. Irradiation of selected areas on the product surface then fields these charged groups in these areas.
Capillary fluidic boards with a microporous medium can also be made using a mould and a phase separation process to manufacture and release a product with a microporous medium from the mould as an alternative for hot embossing or injection moulding techniques. Of coarse the micro or nano porous medium can additionally to electrophoretic mobilitiy be used to also separate the macromolecules on size. A new application is that surface enlargement of the walls can be achieved with the presence of a very thin but microporous layer on these walls, hence creating the possibility of a strongly enhanced zeta potential, which is also very favourable for materials with an intrinsic low zeta potential. Also the electroosmotic steady state velocity can thus be tuned with relatively low voltages induced by an electric field orthogonal to the channel. According to the invention tangential or circular micro grooves with a high aspect ratio can be provided in the walls for similar purposes. Tube or fibre like capillaries with or without a microstucture along the capillary can also be obtained with 3D spinnerets (see example 11).
A mould 1901 with a long rectangular channel 1902 with a cross section of 50×50 micron has been provided with a casting solution of nylon 4,6 (
Another embodiment of the invention uses a rim with a cross section of 50*50 micron on the mould (
One may also first form a nanoporous microstructured product functioning as the electrophoretic structure and then coat or laminate with enclosing layers into an electrophoretic or electrochromatography board. In a preferred version of the invention such nanoporous microarchitectures are prepared by colloidal induced phase separation. A nanoporous film with a micro-architecture has been prepared by colloidal induced phase separation. A liquid solution of water (0.4 g), Methylmethacrylate MMA (0.25 g), a redox initiator of ammonium persulphate APS and N,N,N,N-tetrarnethylethylenediamine TMEDA as a crosslinker (0.03 g) and the cationic surfactant (acryloyloxy)undecyltrymethyl-ammonium bromide AUTMAB (0.22 g) forms of a polymeizable bicontinuous microemulsion which is formed prior to casting on the mould. After casting onto the mould the solution was temporarily covered with a glass plate. Light radiation initiated crosslinking and solidification of the oil phase into the microstructured film. Next a second material (polymethylmethacrylate solution) was casted on the film and after solidification the mould was released. With thermoporometry a pore size of about 4-6 nm was determined of the nanoporous film.
Aloys Senefelder used in 1796 a porous stone (in greek, lithos) as a tool for printing by patterning the stone with ink attracting (hydrophobic) and ink repelling (hydrophilic) regions. Lithography for semiconductor mass fabrication and other micro system and nano technology applications has nowadays regained interest on inexpensive micro printing methods as an alternative or complement on current high tech optical wafer stepper technology. A need exists therefore in the art for a convenient inexpensive, and reproducible method of plating or etching a surface according to a predetermined pattern. The method would ideally find use on planar or nonplanar surfaces, and would result in patterns having features in the micron and submicron domain. Additionally. the method would ideally provide for convenient reproduction of existing patterns. Additionally, a need exists for the fabrication of surfaces that can pattern portions (e.g. SAMs) amenable to attachment of biological species, such as antibodies, antigens, proteins. cells, etc., on the (sub)micrometer scale.
The study of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is an area of significant scientific research. Such monolayers are typically formed of molecules each having a functional group that selectively attaches to a particular surface, the remainder of each molecule interacting with neighboring molecules in the monolayer to form a relatively ordered array. Such SAMs have been formed on a variety of products including metals, silicon dioxide, gallium arsenide using relief printing with a moulded stamp made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Whitesides WO9629629). The upper relief part of the stamp provided with a suitable SAM coating is then being contacted with a product with a high affinity for the SAM species and a conformal SAM pattern is formed on the product, e.g. alkanethiol pattern on a goldcoated product. PDMS is a rather elastic and relatively strong material very well suited for reproducible contacting purposes on non planar surfaces, however it lacks a microporous microstructure for enabling functional fluid (ink) transport to the product domains or to enable other functional properties and other deposition techniques as will be disclosed.
20A represents the art of relief printing. The upper relief part 2002 of the stamp 2001 provided with a suitable ink coating 2003 is then being contacted with a product 2000 with a high affinity for the ink species and a conformal pattern 2004 is formed on the product 2000. The lower relief part 2005 may be made ink repelling with a suitable coating (e.g. PVA, PVP) in order to avoid smearing of the pattern 2004 of ink originating from sections 2005. According to the invention at least the upper relief part of the stamp 2001 is provided with a macro or nanoporous structure to contain ink or to transport ink from an injection point 2006 for reproduction or continous printing of the pattern 2004 on the product 2000.
20B represents the art of gravure printing The engraved part 2012 of the stamp 2011 provided with a suitable ink coating 2013 is then being contacted with a product 2010 with a high affinity for the ink species and a conformal pattern 2014 is formed on the product 2010. The non engraved part 2015 may be made ink repelling with a suitable coating (e.g. PVA, PVP) in order to avoid smearing of the pattern 2014 of ink from sections 2015. According to the invention at least the engraved part of the stamp 2011 is provided with a macro or nanoporous structure (cf. sem picture 9A,9B, engraved part is microporous, non engraved part has a dense skin layer) to contain ink or to transport ink from an injection point 2016 for reproduction or continous printing of the pattern 2014 on the product 2010.
20C represents the art of planographic printing (i.e. art lithography). The ink delivering part 2022 and the non-ink delivering part 2025 of the stamp 2021 are not determined by a difference in height but are made by the provision of suitable ink-repelling and ink, attracting coatings. The stamp 2022 with a suitable ink coating 2023 on part 2022 is then being contacted with a product 2020 with a high affinity for the ink species and a conformal pattern 2024 is formed on the product 2020. The part 2025 may be made ink repelling with a suitable coating (e.g. PVA, PVP) in order to avoid smearing of the pattern 2024 of ink to sections 2025.
According to the invention part 2022 is provided with a macro or nanoporous structure to contain ink or to transport ink from an injection point 2026 for reproduction or continuous printing of the pattern 2024 on the product 2020. Also in another embodiment part 2025 may be microporous and be filled with an ink repelling medium (e.g. water, Senefelder 1796). Microporous stamps with (alternating) regions with a dense skin layer and adjacent regions with a (porous) layer without the skin layer have easily been made according to the invention by locally removing the skin layer by e.g. oxygen plasma etching with the aid of a perforated mask shielding the remaining dense skin layer regions. Such stamps can also be made by locally perforating the skin layer with a micro needle device according to the invention. According to the invention these stamps are made with a phase separation process with the aid of a mould having patterned regions with sharp protrusions penetrating the microporous layers and patterned regions without such sharp protrusions where a dense skin layer is formed. In case the skin layer is not dense but nanoporous the skin layer can of coarse first be hermetically sealed without sealing the microporous part of the stamp with e.g. a hydrophobic coating (e.g. aliphatic and cyclic olefin-based polymers, or fluoropolymers or silicon based polymers). The stamps may also be sub-patterned through use of photosensitive precursors in the casting solution of the product.
In one embodiment (
The microporous stamp according to the invention can also be used to dab or adsorb locally a liquid or viscous layer that has been casted on a product. Dabbing may be improved by locally compressing the microporous regions during the contact of the stamp with the product.
In order to facilitate mask alignment of different mask stamping steps and to reduce thermal expansion differences between the stamps and the product, stamp regions parts (e.g. 2002, 2012, 2022, 2025, 2102,2103) according to the invention are provided on a transparent (e.g. pyrex, borosilicate glass) support material with the same thermal expansion coefficient as the product according to the invention.
With preference a phase separation method has been used to provide the stamp 2001,2011,2021 with the functional microporous parts (e.g. 2002,2012,2022,2025, 2102,2103) using a mould for making the stamp 2001, 2011, 2021 according to the invention. Preferentially the microporous parts leading to the injection point have a high inner porosity to reduce flow resistance and a relatively small total dead volume in order to reduce the amount of adsorbed species.
In some cases it has proven to be useful to first print an ink pattern with the stamp on an intermediate dense or microporous transfer foil, that transfers the ink pattern subsequently to the product, especially foils which have a well defined wetting contact angle with the selected ink medium.
The product 2000, 2010, 2020 may also firstly be provided with a suitable adsorbive nonsplattering or nailoporous (sacrificial) coating 2030 for more adsorption of the ink e.g. obtained with a phase separation method according to the invention. In another embodiment this nanoporous coating is made by deposition of an aluminium layer with a thickness of 200 nm on a silicon wafer and transforming this aluminium layer to a nanoporous (porosity 60-90%) honeycomb structure with thin vertical walls (pore spacings 10-50 nm) by anodic oxidation techniques well known in the art. Silicon and many other materials with different layer thickness' can be transformed as well with e.g. anisotropic etching techniques for similar purpose according to the invention. After the local deposition of the ink or an e.g. etch resistant lacquer in and/or on this layer, and preferentially dissolving the remaining uncovered layer, the product is ready for further processing steps.
Of course stamps (product) according to the invention may also be used for the formation of micro-structures or micro transfer molding on planar and non planar surfaces of polymeric, ceramic or metallic articles as explained in all described examples (e.g. micro fluidic boards).
Hollow fibre and capillary polymeric structures are typically found in the field of membrane technology, where they serve as membranes, mostly for separation purposes. Hollow fibre membranes and capillary membrane differ in dimensions, but are both self-supporting cylindrically shaped membranes with typical inside diameters of 10-3000 micrometer. These membranes can either have asymmetric or symmetric structures, which consist of at least one skin layer and a support layer. The skin layer is normally very thin (typically between 0.05-10 micrometer) compared to the support layer (typically between 30 and 500 micrometer) and are present at the shell side, the bor side or both sides of the hollow fibre/capillary membrane. The skin layer is responsible for th separation, while the support only serves as mechanical support with a low as possible flow resistance for the transported species. Hollow fibre/capillary membranes are applied in all kind of separation processes, like gas separation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, membrane extraction, membrane contactor applications, supported liquid membrane applications, but not limited to these applications. The membranes used today are characterised by either a porous skin or a non-porous, dense skin. The surface of these skin layers are relatively smooth, but might contain some surface roughness, which is caused by the membrane formation process itself (e.g. phase separation) and the polymer used as membrane matrix material in combination with the process conditions, like e.g. the spinning/extrusion rate, the dope composition, the bore liquid composition and/or the flow rate and of the bore liquid. The spinnerets or extrusion nozzles used to produce these hollow fibre/capillary membranes consist of one or more small cylindrical tubes in one or more cylindrical orifices, with smooth tube and orifice walls without specific microstructures. Normally, a rough surface is undesired since in most applications this will enhance membrane fouling. One example in membrane filtration that forms an exception is the so-called low-pressure thin film composite reverse osmosis membrane, which has an extremely rough skin surface, applied on purpose to increase the total surface area and thus enhancing the membrane flux. Since the feed for reverse osmosis is relatively clean membrane fouling due to an increased membrane roughness is negligible. Polymeric hollow fibre/capillary membranes are most of the time produced by a spinning technique in combination with a phase separation process. The initial starting dope solution contains at least one membrane matrix forming polymer and a solvent for that polymer. Often other components like non-solvents, a second or even a third polymer, salts, etc. are added to manipulate the membrane structure. This dope solution is shaped into a hollow fibre or capillary by the use of a spinneret or nozzle and the shape is formed and fixated by a phase separation process. After leaving the spinneret/nozzle the nascent fibre/capillary can either pass through a so-called air gap before the fibre/capillary is immersed in a non-solvent or solvent/non-solvent bath or can enter or being contacted by a non-solvent or non-solvent/solvent bath immediately. The first process is called dry-wet spinning and is normally performed using a tube-in-orifice spinneret/nozzle (
16 wt % polyethersulfone (Ultrason E 620p, BASF) is dissolved at room temperature in 38.5 wt % N-Methyl pyrrolidone, 38.5 wt. % polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) and 7 wt. water. The polymer solution has a viscosity of 9350 Cp at 25° C. This solution is extruded through a tube-in-orifice spinneret/nozzle (needle OD=0.6 mm , orifice OD=1.2 mm) at a rate of 5 m/min at 22.5° C. After passing through an air gap of 10 mm the nascent fibre enters a coagulation bath filled with water of 20° C. As bore liquid a mixture of 40 wt. % water, 30 wt. % PEG 200 and 30 wt. % NMP was applied. After thorough rinsing with water the fibres are immersed in a 10 wt. % glycerol solution for 24 hours after which the fibres are dried in air. These hollow fibres have an outside diameter of 0.97 mm, an inside diameter of 0.67 mm, a pore size of 15 nm, a pure water flux of 1400 L/m2.hr.bar and a BSA retention of 91%.
Phase separation can be established by changing the polymer solution composition (VIPS,LIPS) and/or by changing the polymer solution temperature (TIPS). This can be accomplished by penetration of a non-solvent vapour into the polymer solution, penetration of a non-solvent liquid into the polymer solution, evaporation of solvent from the polymer solution, diffusion of solvent out of the polymer solution, increasing or decreasing the temperature of the polymer solution.
Using moulded extrusion nobles or spinnerets in combination with a phase separation process according to the invention it is now possible to provide any shell or bore surface layer with 3D microstructures (
A proof that these micro-grooves can really be provided shows the following example:
25 wt % Polyimide (Matrimid® 5218, Ciba Geigy) is dissolved at 50° C. in 33.75 wt % N-Methyl pyrrolidone, and 22.50 wt % acetone. This solution is extruded through a tube-in-orifice spinneret/nozzle (needle ID=0.2 mm, orifice OD=0.5 mm) at a rate of 8 m/min at 50° C. After passing through a temperature (50° C.) and humidity (<10%) controlled air gap of 200 mm the nascent fibre enters a coagulation bath filled with water of 20° C. As bore liquid a mixture of 30 wt. % water and 70 wt % NMP was applied. After thorough rinsing with water the fibres were immersed in ethanol for 4 hours followed by immersion in hexane for another 4 hours, after which the fibres were dried in air. These hollow fibres have an outside diameter of 0.53 mm, an inside diameter of 0.41 nm, an oxygen permeance of 4.0×10-6 cm3.cm-2.s-1 cm.Hg-1 and an ideal oxygen/nitrogen selectivity of 6.8. The calculated dense skin layer thickness is around 0.4 micrometer. Looking at the shell surface (skin layer) imprinted lines or micro-grooves in the direction of the fibre length have been made. Since the fibre is perfectly gas selective the micro-groove have not damaged the skin layer. This example proofs that microgrooves can be provided to hollow fibre/capillary surfaces.
Another advantage of creating such micro-grooves (
An example of the production of such a laminated co-extruded hollow fibre follows:
A first polymer solution consists of 17 wt % polysulfone (Udel P3500, Amoco) dissolved in 52.4 wt % N-Methyl pyrrolidone and 30.6 wt. % diethylene glycol. A second polymer solution consists of 30 wt. % sulfonated polyethersulfone, 35 wt. % N-Methyl pyrrolidone and 35 wt. % acetone. The first solution is extruded through the first orific of a triple layer spinneret 2402 (needle OD=0.6 mm, 1st orifice OD=1.0 nm, 2nd orifice ID=1.1) and the second polymer solution is extruded simultaneously through the second orifice 2403 both at a rate of 6 m/min at 50° C. The second polymer solution was extruded at a rate of 0.43 ml/min. After passing through an air gap of 30 nm th nascent fibre enters a coagulation bath filled with water of 20° C. As bore liquid a mixture of 25 wt. % water and 75 wt. % NMP was applied. After thorough rinsing with water the fibres were immersed in a 10 wt. % glycerol solution for 48 hours, after which the fibres were dried in air. The polyethersulfone layer was porous and had a thickness of approximately 120 micrometer, while the sulfonated polyethersulfone layer was rather dense with a thickness of 2 micrometer.
Beside hollow fibres/capillaries also solid fibres/capillaries can be produced with micro-structures on the shell side of these fibres/capillaries, analogue to the production of hollow fibres/capillaries. The only difference in the production process is that the needle is not present and a bore liquid is not applied or a tube-in-orifice spinneret/nozzle is used and instead of a bore liquid a polymer solution (either the same polymer or a different polymer) is extruded parallel to the polymer solution coming from the first orifice. Applying the triple layer spinneret/nozzle even a third polymer solution (either the same polymer as in the first orifice or a different polymer as the first orifice, but similar the polymer in the bore or even a complete different polymer than applied in bore and first orifice) can be extruded in parallel. A certain micro-structure on the shell of solid fibres/capillaries might be desirable to improve adhesion of certain species like pigments, biological cells, etc.
Creating micro-structures on the bore surface of the fibres/capillaries can be achieved by structuring the needle of the extrusion nozzle or spinneret either at the needle's inside 2408 or outside 2406, 2414 surface. Creating micro-structures at the shell side of the fibres/capillaries can be achieved by structuring the surface of the tube that forms the outside border of the orifice 2413, 2407. Structuring the needle (either inside or outside or both) and the tube forming the outside border of the orifice 2413, 2414, 2407 of a spinneret/nozzle can also be applied to create micro-structures on both bore side and shell side of the fibres/capillaries. To be able to create spiralised structures the needle or orifice containing the texture should be rotating (with or without forward and backwards motion) or the polymer dope should be leaving the nozzle/spinneret in a spiralized flow direction. At a high level of spiralisation nearly orthogonal structures can be made with respect to the length of the capillary. Once the micro-structure is imprinted in the polymer dope solution this structure should be maintained until the structure solidifies by phase separation. This can be achieved by using a highly viscous polymer dope and/or by instantaneous precipitation of the polymer dope after leaving the nozzle/spinneret The above discussed experiments of creating micro-structures in hollow fibre and capillary polymeric surfaces are not restricted to fibres or capillaries with membrane functionality only. Micro-structures can also be applied to e.g. capillaries for capillary electro -kinetic, -phoresis, -chromotography, optical fibres/amplifiers and also biomedical
Analogue to hollow fibre and capillary polymeric structures flat sheet and tubular polymeric structures can be found in membrane technology, where they serve as membrane or barrier, mostly for separation purposes. Flat sheet polymeric structures can also be found in packaging, laminates, etc., but are then produced by a different production process like melt extrusion, blow moulding, vacuum suction, etc. These films are produced from a polymer melt while membranes are normally produced form a polymer solution by a phase separation process. Flat sheet polymeric membranes are prepared as self-supporting sheets or as composite structures where the polymeric film is supported by a woven or non-woven cloth. The woven or non-woven cloth provides additional mechanical support to the membrane. These wovens or non-wovens can be made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyphenylsulfide, carbon, etc.
For similar reasons as for hollow fibre/capillary membranes 3 dimensional micro-structures can be introduced in the surface of a polymeric film, on the top side, the bottom side or both sides. Micro-structures on the membrane sheet can also be used (e.g. ridges along the permeate side with a height between 50 en 500 micron) as a spacer between two membrane sheets or as a turbulent promoter in e.g. flat sheet plate and frame modules and spiral wound modules. According to the invention a dense pattern of ridges with a length of approximately 2-6 times the cross flow channel height and placed oblique (preferential 20 to 70 degrees) relative to the mean cross flow direction will enhance the mass transfer coefficient and will counteract the build-up of a cake layer. Ridges contributing to turbulent promotion may differ in e.g. height with respect to the height of the spacer. Such ridges may be provided with an oblique upper plane in order to promote turbulence or to guide fast laminar flow streams towards the membrane layer to inhibit the build up of a cake layer. Ridges may also be provided on the membrane layer orthogonal to the cross flow direction to induce turbulent flow. This can be accomplished by structuring the casting knife or roll, which is in contact with the top side of the film or by structuring the support layer (this could be a plate or roller) on top of which the polymeric film is casted, rolled or sprayed. Again, it is important that the structures introduced in the nascent polymeric film remain their original shape until phase separation solidifies and fixates the ultimate structure. This can be accomplished by using highly viscous solutions and/or defining systems that instantaneous demix after the micro-structure has been introduced. A difference between films and fibres/capillaries is that the nascent polymeric film can be in contact with the support on which the film is provided, while phase separation is induced. This way the microstructure is present at the bottom side of the film, analogue to the methods described in earlier examples.
When a polymeric film is spread on a narrow strip of woven or non-woven support this strip can be winded spirally and welded on the edges contacting each other. This way a tubular membrane or polymeric structure is produced.
Atomisation nozzles for the production of emulsions (water/oil, o/w), double emulsions (w/o/w, o/w/o), foams or nebulae's (spray) for industrial, medical and many other applications, like inkjet printing, spray drying, spray cooling, spray coating, Electro spraying with or without a reinforcing support can easily be made according to the invention. Such nozzles can withstand high pressures by the provision of a thick support. Flow resistance of these nozzles can be reduced in diminishing the length of the nozzle channel or by the provision of tapering nozzle orifices. The local thickness of a perforated membrane or nozzle orifice can be in the order of 1 micron.
Rapid advances in microelectronic devices are continuously demanding a finer pitch connection between electronic packages and a printed circuit board (about a few hundred micrometer pitch or less). To meet this demand as well as the demand for low cost electronic packages, surface mount technology (SMT) has expanded its shar over the conventional plated-through-hole (PTH) technology for the last twenty years. At present, more than two thirds of integrated circuits (IC) including both memory and logic devices are assembled by SMT. SMT packages commonly found in a PCB are leaded chip carriers such as small outline integrated circuits (SOIC), plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC), quad flat pack (QFP), thin small outline package (TSOP), or tape carrier package (TCP). These leaded chip carriers, mostly plastic packages, depend on a perimeter connection between an IC package and a PCB. The perimeter connection scheme of SMT packages has reached its limitation in terms of connection pitch and I/O capability.
To relieve the limitations of perimeter connections and thereby to increase the packaging density, area array connection schemes have recently become popular. Some of the area array packages developed for SMT include ball grid array (BGA) package, solder column grid array (SCGA), direct chip attach (DCA) to PCB by flip chip connection (FCBGA), tape ball grid array (TBGA), or chip scale packages (CSP). Among them, BGA is the most popular one, where solder balls connect a module carrying an IC to a PCB. This technology is an extension of the controlled collapse chip connection (C4) scheme originally developed for solder bump connection of multiple chips to a ceramic product.
There are several options depending on the choice of module materials, such as plastic BGA, ceramic BGA, and tape BGA. Ceramic BGA is more costly than plastic BGA, but it has a better proven reliability over the plastic BGA. However, one major weakness of ceramic BGA is a large mismatch of thermal coefficient of expansion (TCE) between a ceramic module and a polymeric PCB. This limits the maximum size of ceramic BGA module to be mounted on a PCB, which is about 32 mm@2 with state-of-art technology. For a ball pitch of 50 mil, this BGA module can have about 625 I/O connections. Plastic BGA is better in terms of TCE mismatch because of a better materials compatibility between the module and the PCB product materials. Polyimide (e.g. KAPTON®) or polyetherimide (ULTEM®) is often used as the plastic material, it is strong heat resistant and has a relatively low dielectric constant (2-2.5) in comparison with ceramic materials (2-4).
More particularly, an aspect of the present invention is an improved production method of ball or stud grid array packages between chips and a ceramic or organic Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) by application of products obtained with a phase separation process. Microporous and virtually dense e.g. polyimides obtained with phase separation techniques have an improved dielectric constant (e.g. <1.8), have favourable deformable semi-elastic properties to buffer the thermal mismatches between the chip (package) and the PCB, and can easily be provided with bumps, wiring channels and vias with use of a mould according to the invention. Microporous products can subsequently be filled with functional materials as e.g. (conjugated) mono- or poly-mers, functional agents, inorganic materials etc. to improve e.g. the strength, the thermal conductivity, the elasticity, the coefficient of thermal expansion, the dielectric constant, the dielectric strength and/or the magnetic susceptibility of the product The filling of the micro pores can be done simultaneously with the well known underfill step (filling space between chip and grid array with e.g. an epoxy) during assembly. The casting liquid may also contain functional materials like (e.g. BeO, SiC particles to improve thermal conductivity of the product) before phase separation is performed on the mould according to the invention. Of coarse products according to the invention can also be used for sacrificial moulding of any other functional grid array of a polymeric, metallic or inorganic material. The product may be provided with well defined vias and to provide one or more stepped bumps to secure and guarantee reproducible layer thickness for the solder or connection material to the chip. Multiple layered grid arrays can be assembled with functional metallic or conjugated polymeric shielding regions for the ground and power supply leads, herewith decreasing the inductance and crosstalk between different high speed (>400 MB) leads. Channels may be provided in the grid array for optical wave guide layers (fibres) for transmittance of optical signals between the chip and the PCB (cf. example 5: waveguides). The product may also be formed with heat slugs to facilitate heat dissipation.
A polyimide solution (25 wt % Matrimid 5218 in NMP) has been casted on a mould and after a LIPS phase separation with ethanol as a non-solvent bath a polyimide moulded grid array 2601 with a thickness of 200 micron and a body size of 40×40 mm with 2303 ball via's 2602 with a ball pitch of 800 micron and a dielectric constant of 1.85 has been obtained (
According to the invention the grid 2601 is contacted to a conducting base plate 2605 and with a (stirred) copper electroplating bath the via's 2602, 2604 and the grooves 2603 have been provided with copper 2606. Because of the smaller diameter of the ball via's 2602 the growth of copper herein is slower (more diffusion limited by the smaller opening 2602) than in the via's 2604 after the grooves have been filled with copper. The plating process is preferentially stopped after a small overgrowth 2607 of the copper at the via's 2604, but before the via's 2602 have been filled with copper. The copper leads are therefore also mechanically anchored in the product and the via's 2602 may further be filled with an electrically insulating material. Similar via's 2602 with or without tapering walls may be present in the product to improve anchoring and/or facilitate electroplating of (long) leads. After release (e.g. stripping or etching) of the base plate 2605 the cleaned and dried product is flip chip electrically contacted to a chip 2701 with size 9×9 mm (
Moulded mask products according to the invention have been used to electroplate 3D metallic structures. In a first example a flat product of polyimide with a thickness of 100 micron and having further a lead frame structure for an electronic chip is dipcoated in an electrically conductive conductive polymer Baytron® P from Bayer chemicals. Next an electroless nickel layer with a thickness of 2 micron was deposited on the product. The lead frame product was then placed in a silver electroplating solution (Technic Silver E2, Technic, current density ˜10 mA/cm2) until a 10 micron thick silver layer was obtained. Many other phase separated articles according to the invention like encoder disks, microsieves, nozzles, shadow masks etc. can be provided with an metallic or conductive coating. In this way all presently known electroplated articles e.g. encoder disks, microsieves, atomisation nozzles and new articles can be manufactured. In a second example a polyimide moulded 3D structure for a lead frame according to the invention containing circular perforations of 50 micron diameter and a height of 200 micron and interconnected to non perforated grooves with a depth of 50 micron and width 60 micron was brought into conformal, sealing contact with an electrical conducting base plate of copper and put in a nickel electroplating bath. After wetting and during stirring of the bath a nickel layer was deposited in the perforations with a height of 100 micron and also in the grooves. After selective copper etching of the base plate a ball grid array structure of nickel leads with a height of 50 micron and nickel circular mesa's with a height of 200 micron has been obtained. The mesa's can further be provided with a gold coating and solder balls for subsequent connection with a Printed Circuit Board and/or a chip. The polyimide is sufficiently heat resistant for solder connections up to 300 C. The microporous polyimide product showed excellent dielectric properties (dielectric constant 1.8). The polyimide solution for obtaining the product can also be provided with nanosized ceramic particles with a low dilectric constant and a high thermal conductivity like. Depending on the application the polyimide product can also be redissolved to obtain pure metallic or electrically conductive articles. Microporous products can also be transformed to a microporous replica by filling the pores with a suitable material and redissolving the original microporous product. Shadow masks and other structured products that have strict demands on stiffness and thermal expansion are favourable be provided with an appropriate metal.
Electroplated and non-electroplated microneedles (hollow microtubes) have been made with a mould with conical shaped pinholes (outer diameter 100 micron, length 1500 micron). At the centre of the pinhole (outer radius at the bottom 20 micron a pillar with a diameter having a radius of 8 micron and a height of 40 micron is present on the mould. A polyimide phase LIPS separation process as described earlier has been performed leading to a microporous inner body and a smooth conical shaped and very thick skin layer by using ethanol as a non-solvent bath. The polyimide product with a thickness of 2 nm is taken from the mould and dried. After insertion of water on the unpatterned side water droplets were formed at the tip of the needles. Electroplating methods with nickel and gold on the outside of the needles have been performed for reinforcing the strength of the needles. Many therapeutic and non-therapeutic applications are possible with electroplated and non electroplated microporous hollow needle devices of many different materials including biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials.
The invention is not limited to the given examples. Many other applications are equally possible and may be developed by those who are skilled in their expertise. Dissimilar sheets of material that otherwise would not bond well to one another (such as a polymer and a metal) can be more strongly bonded with microstructures extending from one of the sheets and embedded into the other sheet. Such products make valuable laminate composites.
As another example, introducing microstructures to a sheet of material can dramatically change the surface properties of the sheet, such as its surface energy, radiation absorptivity and emissivity, ability to absorb mechanical and acoustic energy, catalytic activity, etc. For example, the rate of heat transfer between an object and the surrounding medium can be dramatically changed by covering the surface of the object with high aspect ratio microstructures, without significantly changing the object's size or weight.
Products according to the invention may be reinforced with supporting structures e.g. non-wovens, they may be provided with many coatings e.g. Pluronics® for wetting and anti-fouling purposes. The terms hydrophilic and hydrophobic can be understood in many other ways, like a polar and polar, or affinity and non-affinity for a given medium not being water.
Patterning tools may comprise e-beam, single and multiple laser interference for e.g. micro printing and solar cell applications. Microporous or micro perforated products may be provided with a hydrophobic coating for e.g. moisture permeating textile.
The non-solvent may also be virtually or totally absent in the vapour and/or the polymer solution during production with a vapour induced phase separation (inversion) process, phase separation is then kinetically inhibited. Phase separation may be initiated if in a later stage the product is brought into contact with an atmosphere containing non-solvent molecules.
The moulds may be provided with additional means, such as coatings or pores for pressurised release or a suction device to facilitate removal of the product from the mould. The moulds may be provided with structures at the border of a periodic structure having a slightly other geometry than in the inner part for compensation of shrinkage differences in the periodic structure in the product.
All claims should be read in relation to the above giving examples. According to the invention products may be used directly to create functional products according to the given examples. The products may also be used as a sacrificial mould to create fictional products of any type of material e.g. polymeric, metallic or ceramic. Microporous sacrificial moulds have the advantage that they are relatively easily dissolved in a suitable solvent or pyrolised than more dense moulds. Microporous open as well as closed moulds can also be used to feed a non-solvent through the pores or to extract a solvent through the pores to induce phase separation and to obtain moulded products according to the invention. A microsieve product may also be used as an open moulding tool to extrude a casting solution through the pores in a non-solvent medium.
|
2015-07-03T17:31:42Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-27/segments/1435375096208.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20150627031816-00198-ip-10-179-60-89.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
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Founded during the constitutive forum of 27 and 28 April 1998, the Platform of Niger (PFPN) , committed with determination to defending family farming, in order to guarantee better livelihoods of rural farmers.
PFPN has as mission the defense of material and moral interests of members at the national, sub-regional and international level through actions of development, consultation, lobbying and advocacy. The global objective of PFPN is to improve livelihoods of rural farmers.
PFPN bodies are: general assembly, national coordination bureau and control committee. There is also a technical unit to support the national coordination. This device is completed by regional, departmental, local coordinations as well as spaces of dialogue and exchanges of which women and youth colleges.
PFPN is member of the Network of Farmers’ Organizations and Agricultural Producers in West Africa (ROPPA), Via Campesina. It is also member of many steering committees and topical groups at the national and international level. PFPN is accredited to UNCCD, FAO and ENDA. ..
PFPN partners are lot in view of their nature and supports that they bring. There are mostly, State (through its line ministries), CSA-Brussels, COSPE, Swiss Cooperation, VECO, European Union Delegation, CECI , Italy Cooperation, AGRHYMET (body specialized in agro-meteorology),…
Since its inception, PFPN multiplied its efforts in order to set up various strategies helping optimize effects of its actions. To date, many actions conducted by PFPN, mostly are: representing in all the regions of Niger allowing a better follow-up of grassroots FOs; relevance of its interventions and positions on problems dealing with the rural world; improvement of its capacity of accompanying member FOs: drawing up of projects, technical itineraries of production, promotion of sectors; marketing, processing and storage of crops, relations with research and institution research, etc; organization of a farmer day creating therefore a framework of dialogue between farmers and State officials , with a possibility of calling upon on major concerns and many experiences regarding advocacy and lobbying on agricultural policies in Niger, as the participation in the drawing up of Rural Development Strategies.
Those various actions conducted by PFPN have enabled the latter to establish its credibility, improve its image, and to be considered as a reference consultation framework in Niger.
Despite those various achievements, an external evaluation had been conducted in 2011 and mentioned a certain number of roles and responsibilities between the various bodies, in terms of internal and external communication, modes of execution, monitoring and evaluation of activities, etc. Even, at several times and various ways, the Farmer Platform examined its weaknesses and sought solutions.
Then, PFPN is a consultation framework capable of influencing political decisions for a netter taking into account of the farmer organization concerns, institutional and organizational reforms are necessary.
Besides, in February 2013, the Farmer Platform in Niger held its General Assembly, during which it was about, among others, restructuring the Platform. So far, it comprises members (29 in total) of various levels from grassroots small FOs (cooperatives, and groups) to large national federations covering a large number of regions. Those various types of FOs were ensuring various types of functions vis-à-vis their members, and had therefore various expectations from their national platform.
After the restructuring of the month of February 2013, the Farmer Platform accounts for eleven (11) member Farmer Organizations, that are all federations comprising many grassroots FOs, covering all, at least 3 of the 8 regions across the country and that are update in terms of payment of contributions that amount to 200,000 CFA francs annually. Those 11 member FOs intervene in all the areas of the rural sector and represent about 500,000 heads of family farmers.
It was also agreed that the functions of the Platform should be complementary to those of member organizations, and mostly focus on: advocacy and lobbying on issues that member organizations identified as priority, on the strengthening of member organizations on cross-cutting aspects, through workshops of training and reflection, exchange visits, through the dissemination of information. In the same way, the Farmer Platform is animating two specialized Colleges within it. It is about this of farmer women and, this of young farmers.
Following this re-organization, the strategic plan (2013-2017) of which the Platform was equipped in 2012, is to specify for it was partly based on small-scale organizations’ needs that are no longer members today. Besides, the Strategic Plan was not sufficiently deepened so that all the parties concerned: member organizations, partners, executive team, and managers are able to well understand the impact, priorities and modes of actions to conduct, in order to monitor.
Therefore, it is proved to be necessary to reformulate the Strategic Plan depending on new functions of the Farmer Platform and priority expectations from member FOs. It is the same for the annual plan 2013, and for the two colleges’ plans.
That’s why, PFPN, with the support of CSA and Bureau of Swiss cooperation in Niger, has been inscribed in a process aiming at finalizing its strategic plan 2014-2017. A consultant is assisting the executive team of the Platform and delegates of the 11 member FOs to reformulate the strategic plan 2014-2017.
Contacts of the Farmer Platform managers
Mr BAGNA Djibo
President of the Farmer Platform
Phone: +227 96 01 95 49
+227 90 05 00 42
Email : firstname.lastname@example.org
Mister Issaka Abdoulaye
Coordinator of the Technical Unit
+227 96 49 43 09
+227 90 45 37 70
List of member farmer organizations
1. Association for the Revitalization of Livestock in Niger (AREN) :Livestock
2. Federation of Niger Vegetable Cooperatives (FCMN Niya): Vegetable farming
3. Federation of Farmer Groups’ Unions (FUGPN – MOORIBEN): Agriculture
4. Federation of rice farmers Cooperative Unions (FUCOPRI) : Rice Farmers
5. National Federation of Niger Fishermen groups (FNGPN) :Fisheries
6. Democratic Association of Niger Women (RDFN) :Women promotion
7. National Federation of Agro-pastors (FENAP) Agro-pastoral system
8. FNEN-DADDO : Livestock
9. Association for the preservation and Promotion of Livestock in Niger (ASPEN) :Livestock
10. DAOUD Association: Agro-pastor
11. Group for Cultural Association and Development of Young breeders: Livestock
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2018-07-18T00:56:37Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676589980.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20180718002426-20180718022426-00549.warc.gz
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en
| 0.950727
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The Doc-Course in Geometric Analysis is an activity of the Andalusian Institute of Mathematics (IAMAT), and developed at its two venues: the Institute of Mathematics of the University of Granada (IEMath-GR) and the Institute of Mathematics of the University of Seville (IMUS), plus the University of Cádiz (UCA). This activity is framed within the Research Unit in Mathematics, iMAT.
This 10-week post-graduate intensive school aims at developing research skills and subject expertise. Its main objective is doing research under the supervision and guidance of an assigned academic tutor. Additionally, the program consists of four specific courses and a conference.
At the end of the Doc-Course, students with a favorable evaluation will receive a diploma including the equivalence of 400 hours of dedication as a training activity.
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2020-07-14T07:22:56Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657149205.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20200714051924-20200714081924-00046.warc.gz
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en
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"url": "https://eclass.uoa.gr/modules/announcements/?course=MATH577&an_id=186466"
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What Is The Score Of The Uk Game
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2019-09-16T14:16:07Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514572744.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20190916135948-20190916161948-00401.warc.gz
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en
| 0.738237
| 1,106
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Yes, it’s a strange juxtaposition, but as Dave Barry would say, “I am not making this up.” I recently received a postcard in the mail from Burger King advertising its new home-delivery service. About the same time, I heard talk about an 800-lb. bride-to-be named Susanne Eman whose goal (I kid you not) is to eventually weigh 1,600 lbs.—far exceeding the Guinness Book record for the world’s heaviest woman at 1,200 lbs.
But is that a world record you really want to beat?
Eman has a skinny-as-a-rail fiancé who happens to be a chef and prepares most of the 20,000 to 30,000 calories she eats daily. One run to a Carl’s Jr. for a snack cost her $50.
So do I blame Burger King and other fast-food chains for our nation’s sorry state of obesity? To Burger King’s credit, the front of the postcard I received looks like something from Whole Foods. In the foreground is a tasty- and nutritious-looking salad, flanked by two tall fruit smoothies. In the background are some chicken strips. No Whopper or fries in sight.
The flip side of the postcard tells a different story, though. Those smoothies aren’t available yet (hey, FTC, isn’t that deceptive advertising?). According to the card, they are “coming soon.” Hmm. Looking over the menu, as you might imagine, it’s heavy on burgers and chicken. But, okay, there are more salads and wraps than I would expect from a fast-food franchise.
Burger King says the D.C. area is a test market. Apparently Burger King already delivers in its Asian markets, so here in the States we’re just now getting this latest “convenience.”
Back to our 800-lb. bride—there may be a happy ending. Turns out she weighs a mere 541 lbs. Dr. Phil had her on his show last week and challenged her to weigh in (yes, your intrepid reporter subjected himself to this spectacle via the Internet, but only to ensure the veracity of his reporting). Eman was shocked (or feigned it) to discover that she was nowhere near her goal. Aw shucks.
Actually, it saddens me to see a morbidly obese person working hard to gain more weight. It’s all about choices. You don’t have to order Burger King take-out; or if you do, you can order a salad. You don’t have to smoke, take drugs or hang out with people you don’t think are a good influence. You don’t have to spend yourself into debt. You don’t have to stay in a dead-end job. You don’t have to chase someone else’s dreams.
I know, easier said than done. We’ve all made choices that we later regret. That’s part of growing up. The question is whether we have the maturity and courage to make better choices over time rather than repeating the same bad ones over and over.
Some people, like Eman, feel trapped in the cycle of choices they’ve made. That’s a hard rut to get out of.
I thought Dr. Phil said it well at the end of the episode when he called on Eman to end her quest to become the world’s largest woman and start losing weight: “You’re not defined by how much tissue you’re carrying around on your frame…Believe in yourself enough to know that everyone’s going to love you and value you if you’re not infamous. Do this for you; do this for the people who love you.”
Not everyone has her own pop psychologist, but we all have people—family, friends, co-workers—who can lend an ear. Or who can lend a hand. Sometimes asking for help is the first step to better choices.
|
2018-11-14T05:45:24Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039741628.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20181114041344-20181114063344-00141.warc.gz
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en
| 0.957262
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|
I wanted to turn back at this point. Unfortunately, I hadn’t even started.
This is a video of me failing to get onto my bike. The first official 5 minutes of my trip. In case you were wondering, this isn’t how you should get on a motorbike. Or how you should pack it. Or what size clothing you should be wearing. Or the heat you should be in.
▣ Highly recommend ▣ Boring but safe ▣ Shit. Boring, strenuous & dangerous ▣ Incomplete
What I thought would happen
I’d jump on my bike, ride off into the sunset and wild camp somewhere close to the Danish border.
What actually happened
I got lost, sunburnt and made it one hour away from Berlin where I paid 15€ to fail miserably at camping.
I’m off. In the wrong direction.
I’m finally on the move. I’ve got Google maps in my ears and the wind cooling my dripping torso. I actually yelled WOOHOO into my helmet at this point. And then, I took a wrong turn.
Don’t EVER mistake ‘Autobahn’ (highway) for ‘Hoftbahnoff’ (central train station). I can tell you now from experience that this mistake is actually so stressful that you will sweat your way to the other side. That is to say, if you’re already sweating cats and dogs because its fucking 30 degrees outside and you’re literally wearing an entire cow on your body, then making an error such as this will actually allow you to stress out so much that you stop sweating. It’s possible. It happened to me. Liberating feeling of yelling woohoo immediately replaced with a frustrated FUCKKKKK.
So, around and around I go until I manage to find the direction that Google maps wants me to go. You see, when you use Gmaps offline it can’t re-route you. And when you’re wearing leather gloves you can’t use a touch screen. And when you’re on a highway going the wrong way you can’t pull over. Argh…
On the Autobahn
So I finally get on the autobahn in the right direction. The cars are flying past me at ridiculous speeds. I have this perpetual fear that my luggage is slipping off. I regret having such a deadline to get up north. Taking the autobahn is NOT a good idea. Firstly, it is really dangerous. Secondly it is really boring. Thirdly, it wastes a lot of petrol. Repeat: do not take the autobahn.
Taking a pit stop
I pulled over to check my bags at a servo. But undoing them was a bad idea. I couldn’t redo it so had to take everything apart. I finally managed to put them in one bag. Go me.
5 minutes later…out of gas
An Hour later
Took a wrong turn — but for the better. I pulled over to get directions and realised that my backpack was wide open. Like a gaping mouth. It’s incredible nothing fell out.
On Google’s orders…
I eventually turned off the autobahn. Unfortunately I had wildly typed in the town name within the general vicinity of where I wanted to go, rather than specific directions, so I arrived outside an old lady’s house. To put it in perspective, I envisioned myself enjoying a nice break at a national park full of lakes. Catastrophically different.
You know that feeling when somebody’s watching you but you can’t see them? I had that feeling. I know that old lady was creeping on me for at least 5 minutes straight behind her curtains, wondering what the fuck had rolled up next to her lovely rose garden before she cranked open the window to help.
I’m not exactly sure if she did offer help, but I yelled back “everything is gut! Klein problem!” Yet what I meant to say was KEIN problem. The difference between the two? I was actually saying to her I have a little (klein) problem, instead of there is no (kein) problem. That must have been very confusing for her because I said it in such a sing-song cheery voice. *facepalm. I only found this out later in Sweden.
Join the discussion One Comment
hahahaha……laughed at that video mounting the bike…..we have all done that, got on, dropped a glove, got off and picked it up…got back on and realised keys in pocket..glove off……..and on it goes….and still to this day it happens…..
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2023-03-26T05:26:57Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945433.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20230326044821-20230326074821-00462.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956297
| 1,001
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:38d9ff28-87f2-492b-a60e-64754eb46841>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://bikergirl.me/day-1-berlin-to-some-shitty-lake-north-of-berlin-3/"
}
|
Schulenburg man dies in motorcycle wreck
Nov. 22, 2012 at 5:22 a.m.
A Schulenburg man is dead after a motorcycle accident early Thursday morning on U.S. Highway 77 in Lavaca County.
Thomas J. Rankin III, 33, was traveling north on the highway, just south of County Road 221, when he drove off the roadway and crashed, according to Department of Public Safety officials.
The one-vehicle crash was reported at 2:32 a.m., and Rankin was pronounced dead at 3:26 a.m. by Justice of the Peace Precinct 1 Michael W. Andes.
Trooper Elizabeth Tolbert, of the DPS, is investigating the crash. The cause had not been determined by Thursday afternoon. Also, it was not clear whether Rankin was wearing a helmet.
|
2017-01-18T12:27:57Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280280.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00051-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.954905
| 175
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-04",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:5044278b-3ff5-4777-bfae-34b669fd34f9>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.victoriaadvocate.com/news/2012/nov/22/ch_lavaca_fatal_112312_194706/"
}
|
‘Nice? It’s the ONLY thing,’ said the Water Rat solemnly, as he leant forward for his stroke. `Believe me, my young friend, there is NOTHING–absolute nothing–half so much worth doing as simply messing about in boats. Simply messing,’ he went on dreamily: `messing–about–in–boats; messing—-‘ The Wind in the Willows
I love boats, not sure why and I don’t try to understand it. I just know that I love them. Each one has its own character and can tell their own stories. They bring us joy and allow us to spend time on the ocean and the freedom that she brings.
They allow us to float on another world and it seems that our cares often float away when we’re in that other world.
I love boats.
|
2020-09-18T11:25:22Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400187390.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20200918092913-20200918122913-00124.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.97898
| 184
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:f1ec1626-8362-4abf-986c-e4c947ffc4ef>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://jamiepaterson.com.au/sydney-harbour-boats/"
}
|
Fly Away Home...
A home décor & gift boutique in Niwot's Cottonwood Square:
7960 Niwot Rd., Unit B-1
Niwot, CO 80503
Open 11am-4pm Tuesday - Saturday
Open 'til 6pm on Thursday
Come visit! You’ll find a unique assortment of must-haves, both fine & whimsical, along with an open, welcoming (okay, sometimes chatty) atmosphere.
See you soon!
|
2020-05-27T03:35:40Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347392057.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20200527013445-20200527043445-00318.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.691566
| 104
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:a18fdaed-502d-45ed-952d-75620aee99b6>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.flyawayhomedecor.com/about-us"
}
|
Forum Rules / Come Meet the Crew / Members [Updated 12-21-12]
07-11-2012, 07:22 PM (This post was last modified: 27-12-2012 10:46 AM by kingschosen.)
Forum Rules / Come Meet the Crew / Members [Updated 12-21-12]
Welcome to TTA!
First, four ground rules:
1) No spam
All spammers will be banned. SPAM of any kind WILL NOT BE TOLERATED. No three strikes. If you SPAM the forums, your account will be PERMANENTLY DELETED. If you create an account with the aim to advertise it will be considered as spam and your account will be banned. If you wish to advertise feel free to pay for ad space. In the case of advertising Youtube channels or Group pages we may allow a link in your signature after a grace period of 1 month, with a minimum of 20 posts. This is to show us that you are here to make a contribution to the forum and not here purely for personal gains.
1b) Self Promotion
In most cases, self promotion is considered spam. Any self promotion that generates revenue for the new user will be deleted no questions asked. You will be warned ONCE of this behavior. The rules will be cited and linked to you. If you break this rule again, your account will be permanently banned. If you have become an established and productive member of the community,we will most certainly allow your self promotion.
1c) Linking Written Articles Or Videos Created By The New User
This will be handled on a case-to-case basis. Keep in mind, though, that in most instances, linking your work will be considered spam. We are more lenient, though, than we are with people who serve to make money from self promotion. If you are linking your articles or videos and you want them to NOT be deleted from your post, then please make sure that they are relevant. Do not post a feigned response that vaguely resembles the topic at hand just so you can find an excuse to link your work. This will be a judgment call for the moderators as to whether or not we think it is relevant. If a moderator or admin tells you to stop posting your articles or work, then it would be in your best interest to stop posting them. If you continue to disregard the requests of the Forum Team, your account will be banned for spamming.
We strive to keep this place clean of any and all spam, and we appreciate your cooperation.
2) No Porn Or Nude Images
Don't even post links to them. We have users from all age groups here, including minors so pornographic material will not be tolerated. Violators will be banned.
3) No Threats
We show ZERO TOLERANCE towards threats and threatening behavior aimed at ANY of our members. This behavior will result in your account being banned and depending on the nature of the threats your details being passed to law enforcement. Bullying and harassment fall under this category and will be dealt with on a case by case basis.
4) No Sock Puppets
If you create multiple accounts without admin approval, you and all your accounts will potentially be banned.
Official messages from Admin will be in green.
Official messages from moderators will be in purple or in pink and must be taken as official if the colored words are the same color as the user's name.
Any admin/mod posting a message not in these colors is not speaking officially but just speaking as another member of the forum.
A few caveats:
1) We do not censor posts (except porn). You have a complete right to say whatever you want to say and use any type of language to convey that message; however, you are solely responsible for the consequences and possible retaliation from other forum members due to your choice of words.
2) This forum isn't just for atheists. It is for anyone - no matter race, religion, sex, or sexual preference. Anyone is welcome to participate and express their opinions. Likewise, you are also responsible for the positive or negative repercussions of those opinions.
Finally, a message to new members:
New members must have their first post approved by a Mod, a Pink Fluffy Handcuffs, a Super-Mod, or an Admin. Rest assured that this is NOT a way to weed out "undesirables". It is to help spot bots and spam before it makes it onto the boards. If you are a real person, you will be approved, no matter what. To have your account approved, post ONCE in the introduction forum. You WILL NOT see your post, since it won't show up until a staff member approves it. Posting multiple times before your account is approved is a great way to anger the staff. Don't do it. It creates more work for us. Just be patient, and once your account is approved you can post all you like.
Come meet the crew!
Forum team can be found here.
He is The Thinking Atheist. Seth rarely posts on these boards, so if you wish to contact him, please email him here. DO NOT CONTACT SETH FOR FORUM RELATED MATTERS! If you have a question about the forum, please contact an admin (see below). Any forum related emails sent to Seth are simply forwarded to Stark Raving, so please avoid bothering Seth with forum issues.
They oversee the forum and can moderate. They have the ability to give +/- 4 reputation to a person.
Purple (Super Moderator)
DeepThought - He is also our forum programmer and coder. He is responsible for keeping this forum healthy and does an amazing job. Many, many thanks need to be sent his way.
Super mods are assistants to the admins and can moderate. They have the ability to give +/- 4 reputation to a person.
Moderators are active members of the forum that can moderate posts. They have the ability to give +/- 2 reputation to a person.
Rainbow Color (Pink Fluffy Handcuffs)
This is not a normal group like the others. This is more of a "flare" group.
kingschosen - Is a moderator, and has all the access and power of a normal pink moderator.
lucradis - Is not a moderator and cannot moderate posts.
We are forced to breed... continuously... so we can have the ultimate offspring. We can give +/- 2 reputation and can moderate posts.
Dark Blue (Veterans)
Vets cannot moderate. They have the ability to give +/- 2 reputation to a person. "Veteran" status is awarded to members based on the collective agreement of the forum team. There is no formal process for receiving "Veteran" status. Members who become Vets didn't necessarily receive the status based on tenure, participation, or post count or even a collection of the three. This plays a role in the process, but it isn't the sole absolute.
There are currently three different types of Veterans:
1. Forum Team Vets - They are a part of the Forum Team along with the Admins and Moderators. They contribute to forum decisions.
2. Regular Vets - Normal Veteran abilities.
3. Contributing Vets - Regular Vets that have contributed financially to TTA. They are shown in red.
Red (Contributing Members)
While, yes, everyone who posts on the forum does contribute, these are members that have financially contributed to The Thinking Atheist. Contributing members can give +/- 1 reputation to a person.
Members can give +/- 1 reputation to a person.
Light Blue (New Members)
A new member will become a member after 30 posts. A New Member can give +/- 1 reputation.
A person who has not registered their account yet. An unregistered member cannot post or give reputation.
A member that has been banned. They cannot participate in the forums.
Should you need assistance, or have an issue you would like to discuss, you can message Stark Raving, Erxomai, or one of the moderators. Alternatively, you can post a message in The Forum Management Team section where your posts can ONLY be viewed by you and the team (Admin, Moderators, and Veteran Users). This will help you in cases where discussion is warranted, but you prefer the discussion to remain private. Please feel free to use the suggestions section if you have any ideas on how to improve this forum. We'll do our best to accommodate. Remember, it's OUR forum. Let's make it work for US.
|
2016-06-30T05:02:03Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-26/segments/1466783398075.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20160624154958-00004-ip-10-164-35-72.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.93381
| 1,779
|
{
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"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:6e9aee4f-d199-42a9-a615-f5d897e325e9>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.thethinkingatheist.com/forum/Thread-Forum-Rules-Come-Meet-the-Crew-Members-Updated-12-21-12"
}
|
|Occupation:||Senator, brother of a patricier, Ommatius|
|Managed by:||Private User|
Matching family tree profiles for Ommatius
He was a senator from the Auvergne.1
Child of Omnatius
Stuart, Roderick W. Royalty for Commoners, The Complete Known Lineage of John of Gaunt, Son of Edward III, King of England, and Queen Philippa. Fourth Edition. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2002.
|
2017-05-22T21:40:42Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463607120.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20170522211031-20170522231031-00277.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.686607
| 111
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.geni.com/people/Ommatius-d-Auvergne/4631241219090120054"
}
|
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£11 per hour + temp to perm
My client based in Slough is looking for Service Controller to join their busy team.Job Role to include -- Organisation of routes and planning of n...
|
2016-10-23T22:00:48Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719437.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00455-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920179
| 79
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-44",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:e68462a7-c71d-4cc3-863d-74fcdcd4e4ea>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.manpower.co.uk/jobs/administration-and-business-support/slough/"
}
|
DESIGN & DECOR PLANNING
Have you looked to Pinterest for ideas but feel overwhelmed about designing the decorations at your wedding? Look no further! After planning over 400 weddings, we know the best way to design the flowers, linens, layout, and all the other special elements for your big day. Our services to help you take your vision to reality!
- A master design document for your wedding ceremony & reception decor elements keeping in mind your vision and budget
- Recommendations for all necessary wedding professionals who will bring your design to life
- Reception and ceremony layout design, determining best placement for tables, chairs, and other items
- Up to two revisions to make sure everything in the plan is exactly what you’re envisioning.
|
2019-04-23T23:56:04Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578616424.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20190423234808-20190424020808-00258.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.887264
| 153
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:8d2ec6de-310b-44a4-8fcf-5d394de8dfa3>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://soireeia.com/packages/the-design/"
}
|
Well this week has been hectic, my co-worker is out sick-say a little prayer for her, with her out work has been busy for me, and then there is my beautiful home! Which once I get there I am engulfed by my wife and mother responsibilities that nothing else really gets done...well aside from house work. One thing that I have always tried to be is a "Hopelessly Devoted" wife, house "keeper" and now mother. I know that this may sound crazy, but I believe that one should fully be dedicated to our HOME, that's why they call it Home Sweet Home. We are all dedicated in our way but I like to ignore myself and for that matter anything and anyone that make ME up once I get home. I communicate through the day with friends and co-workers that once I get home all of attention is on my home, my husband and my son. I love them so much and like to show them respect and time. Therefore, blogging, twittering, facebooking or any other socializing mode is somewhat "eliminated". I have no time for at that moment. Of course on days like today I am going to make sure that I make some "me" time..need to get my eyebrows waxed...so about a 15 minute detour. My friends well they all know I love them and that I am there for them and in return I know that for the most part they are also wives and mommies so I know better than to take time from their families. So with that I think that I will probably mesh Thursday and Friday in my blog to create, Thu-FriDAY but we will THANK GOD FOR IT! :D
With that said:
- Again this week has been crazy!
- This week clarity and light have been brought forth and my eyes have been OPENED by new people in my life and in my sisters life.
- This week I have been happy and in good spirits.
- This week it seems as if life IS after all getting better.
- This week has given me light as to the WONDERFUL, rest of the year that we have ahead of ourselves.
- This week, new insight has been brought forth and my heart is now moving on.... no more guilt, no more pain, no more FEAR.
- This week I walked in Faith with my EYES wide open and my HEART receptive. My entire being has been shaken and now I am aware of it ALL! Thank You God.
- This week I have enjoyed my son and my husband to the max!
Hmmmm....we shall see....nothing really planned hope to relax and finally meet Little Miss. Hailey and another new born baby girl, Kimberly. Maybe even visit my friend...RUTHIE! Love you much!! :D
Hope your week was filled with TRUTH and revelation and the rest of this Lent season is a happy and prosperous one.
God is working on my little family of 3!
|
2018-07-18T08:41:25Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590074.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20180718080513-20180718100513-00299.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.977669
| 616
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:e4f658b1-8883-400e-a182-ea265db4b426>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.mommaofdos.com/2010/02/are-we-there-yet-thursdays-thank-god.html"
}
|
Michigan Auto Transport
Are you considering moving to or from Michigan? Do you have one or more vehicles that you need transported to Michigan? Be sure you use all resources at your disposal to choose the right Michigan auto transport company. This means using customer review websites to look into any transport companies you’re considering using. These companies should be reputable and reliable within the auto transport industry, with experience transporting to and from Michigan.
Snowbird Auto Transport from Michigan
If you’re temporarily transporting your vehicles to or from Michigan for the winter, there are several things you need to know. First, timing is everything. If you’re looking to ship your car with a Michigan auto transport company, make sure you understand the trends of north to south auto transport around the winter months. The cost can vary greatly, even within a few weeks. Secondly, make sure you make your plans around the estimated transport time. The average transport time is near 2-5 days, depending on where you’re going and how busy the season is.
Auto Transport to Michigan with Envision Auto Relocations
We have the experience to get your car shipped to Michigan quickly and simply. Our 5-star rating is something we’ve worked very hard for, and we will work hard for you too until you are completely satisfied with your Michigan auto transport.
|
2023-06-03T21:06:07Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224649343.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20230603201228-20230603231228-00796.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.955018
| 273
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:530d9338-0b3e-4341-9faa-63f2871a19a5>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.envisionrelocations.com/services/popular-auto-transport-states/michigan/"
}
|
I killed myself on Facebook, and lived to tell the tale
It was shortly before my wedding. As I assume others do, I spent some time examining my life. Amidst the consideration of my health, my career and my relationship came a question.
What are you doing on Facebook?
There must be people who find Facebook fulfilling, just as there are people who enjoy discussing Kanye West’s latest rant or actually believe the man has a talent for making anything other than a tit of himself. I just happen not to be one of them.
I used no apps. I killed no pirates or zombies. I didn’t kiss anyone or any number of other stereotypical application activities the media trots out when making casual reference to our social networking overlords. I got the occasional party invite that way, but not many. My sole benefit was being friended by people I haven’t seen or heard from in 20 years, who proceeded not to make any further contact.
I decided I could live without them, and the hordes of random people I met at a party once, so I set about looking for the Delete button.
Ever seen that option?
I’ll save you the hassle. There isn’t one.
There is a Deactivate option. One may deactivate one’s account. Leaving all of one’s relationships, apps, wall notes, mails, statuses, photos - all of one’s data - safely nestled inside Facebook’s servers. Where they can process metadata about your identity and network of friends to their cold information-loving heart’s content. Where they can use your demographic information to increase their advertising revenue. Best of all, they still store data on your computer - so that when your friends send you a link to the photos from last Friday night, Facebook knows it’s you and warmly informs you re-activation is only a click away.
That data still on your machine that is the biggest worry. Facebook Beacon, a poorly received but still active system for sharing the activity of Facebook users on external websites back to Facebook, uses that data to know who you are. Then shares that information with both Facebook and the external website partnered with them.
Being the forthright Internet warrior that I am, I started hunting down contact details so I could give them what for - as soon as I’d bitched about it on Twitter. Unbelievably the only contact available in those heady days was an email address hidden away on their corporate site under Privacy. My polite request was replied to by Facebook Support (still using the privacy email address) with some random stonewalling about their Help section - which made no mention of account deletion (but does now), and so the game began in earnest.
I have 13 emails across a 10 day period in February 2008, and I’m certain they are the beginning of my second attempt, as it begins with detailing the sowing of salt through my profile.
You see, Facebook don’t want to be responsible for deleting your data. So they ask you to delete it. All of it.
Lachlan is no longer friends with Paul C.
Lachlan is no longer friends with Kevin R.
Lachlan is no longer in a relationship with…
Endlessly. In my news feed and that of all my remaining contacts. My fiance was particularly unimpressed with the last one.
I received a number of concerned emails, texts, and one call asking how I could be so silly as to lose the best thing that ever happened to me only weeks from the wedding.
Eventually it was done. I was free and clear. An unmarked man.
Today I created an account to check some facts for this article and received an email with the subject:
”Welcome back to Facebook”.
Read all about it
Up to the minute Twitter chatter
The latest and greatest
Good morning Punchers. After four years of excellent fun and great conversation, this is the final post…
I have had some close calls, one that involved what looked to me like an AK47 pointed my way, followed…
In a world in which there are still people who subscribe to the vile notion that certain victims of sexual…
|
2013-12-21T04:39:02Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1387345774929/warc/CC-MAIN-20131218054934-00041-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.958541
| 882
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:8556a349-fdec-4e65-b37f-2624c4571ecf>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.thepunch.com.au/articles/i-killed-myself-on-facebook-and-lived-to-tell-the-tale/desc/"
}
|
A range of one-prim furniture, with colour & sizing scripts and multiple poses.
Linden Lab make their money by charging us for *land*: and the more prims we want to store, the more land we need.
Whether you own a parcel of land, or have a "Linden home", or you rent a private house or apartment, you'll quickly find that the lovely freebie sofa you found on Second Life Marketplace actually contains 62 prims and takes up more than half your prim space.
Here is a solution: a complete range of attractive, detailed, co-ordinated, and consistently and well-scripted furniture - each item of which is a single prim - containing all the basics your home needs.
No pose balls: your sofa can seat three without rezzing any sneaky extra prims. No temp-rezzing.
Each item contains a menu which allows you to easily change its size, or choose from a range of colours, or (in the case of wooden furniture) wood textures. Additionally, the fireplace has a blazing particle fire, the lamps can give of light and have variable "dimmer" switches, the two art frames each contain 24 prints of modern and classical art respectively, all the seats allow either one sitters, with a choice of poses, or multiple sitters, and the bed offers relax, chat, and a full range of sex poses.
You'll know things you sit on as when you run your mouse pointer over them, it will be replaced by a chair symbol. If you click, you will be seated. If you click while seated, it will offer you a choice of poses. To change the colour or size of an object like this, stand up, right-click, and select "CHANGE!". You'll be offered a menu of colour and size changes.
To change the other items, click them and *hold down* your mouse button: after about a second, a menu with a choice of colours and size changes will appear.
The complete range is as follows:
Bright 1PF - Art, classic
Bright 1PF - Art, modern
Bright 1PF - Ball chair
Bright 1PF - Beanbag
Bright 1PF - Bed, double
Bright 1PF - Bedside cabinet
Bright 1PF - Bookcase
Bright 1PF - Ceiling fan
Bright 1PF - Chair, wooden
Bright 1PF - Coffee table, wooden
Bright 1PF - Divider screens
Bright 1PF - Fireplace
Bright 1PF - Floor lamp
Bright 1PF - Garden chair
Bright 1PF - Garden table
Bright 1PF - Rug, rectangular
Bright 1PF - Rug, round
Bright 1PF - Sculpture, hummingbird
Bright 1PF - Shelves, modern
Bright 1PF - Suite, leather, 2-seater
Bright 1PF - Suite, leather, 3-seater
Bright 1PF - Suite, leather, armchair
Bright 1PF - Table lamp
Bright 1PF - Table, wooden, rectangular
Bright 1PF - Table, wooden, round
Bright 1PF - Wine bottle
Bright 1PF - Wine glass
Each item is copyable, so rez as many as you need. As they are one-prim items, you'll have plenty of prim space :)
Chief Executive Officer
|
2017-03-27T20:20:28Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218189525.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212949-00404-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.865051
| 683
|
{
"fineweb_dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13",
"fineweb_id": "<urn:uuid:18963cef-daf3-4d8a-aeaf-0a3b32428a0b>",
"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://brightcorporation.net/one-prim-furniture/index.html"
}
|
*This post will be a little more personal than normal. I promise this is not an every day thing.
Do you ever have those days when you are so overwhelmed with love for your spouse? I've been having one of those weeks. We have been praying about our living situation for a while now. The tip of the plan has started to form. In order to tell you this story correctly, I have to back-track a little.
Jake and I have been married for almost two years. In those two years we have lived in three different rental properties. I'm graduating in a few months, so we thought it would be a good time to start saving some moolah! You know, for a real house. We redid our budget and realized that it was pretty much impossible to save any amount of money when we pay such high rent.
This brings me to chapter 2. Josh, Jacob's brother, decided it was time that he bought a house. This was about a month and a half ago. So he moved in with us for what was supposed to be just a week or two. Well, it's now been a little longer than that, and we've all gotten "sortof" used to living with one another.
So, what's next? >>
Josh is buying a house now, and he's letting us live in his garage. He's redoing the garage of course, with insulation and a/c and heater and all that stuff.
Jacob and I are selling most of our belongings to move into our little garage...well apartment. We are going to be saving so much money, it will be great.
Does that mean that I don't have any worries? >> Haha! I have been worried about this for weeks now. But in that worry there is a serene calm as well. There's that comfort that only comes from God saying this is what we're supposed to be doing according to his plan for us.
The main point I'm getting to is that when your hubby has some crazy idea for you to move into his brother's garage--- you pray and you listen.
I have heard mostly negative responses to what we're doing. So, I'm asking you, blogosphere, do you have any GOOD experiences with living with your family members? I don't want any more negative ones, that won't help anything.
I would love to know....
|
2017-06-29T02:10:45Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128323842.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20170629015021-20170629035021-00150.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.988223
| 494
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://sincerelykylee.blogspot.com/2011/08/this-post-will-be-little-more-personal.html"
}
|
I do not know (or care about) your background. Trust you? Why? Has this worked for you in the past? Do you seriously say, in arguments, "You are ignorant" or "You are wrong" and expect the other person to suddenly go, "Wow. Why didn't I see it your way before?" Well, you had said, "you lose this time bud." I said, "But I guess none of that matters, since I 'lose bud' by decree of the almighty HOUTS" to which you responded, "No, it's your stubborn attitude, commonly displayed..." That looks like you changed your mind. Liberal? Where'd that come from? What's liberal about my attitude? You seem to have the habit of asking a question and them answering it in the same post as though your answer must surely be the answer that the reader would give were he to respond to the question. I think I might be starting to see why Sefro finds you amusing (although really I can relate more to Istanbul at the moment). You should call it incoherent a few more times. The repetition will make your claims true. You might be catching on. Yes, I did say you were whining. Does this bother you, whiner? And then I cowered in fear at the presence of HOUTS! I promptly hid in a corner and regretted having been such a bad Timmy... Oh? When was this? I have it worded wrong? I'm the one that said it. I can't very well misquote myself... Context does not dictate coherency. Huh? I was not trying to be witty. I think I would know that better than you, unless you can read minds... It wasn't an insult and it wasn't being used to back up any of my points. I was being completely serious. I don't find my responses witty--but yours are so stolid that they do make mine look good by contrast. My point (which, not surprisingly, seems to have gone over your head) was that "you lose bud" is not a tactic that supports any of your contentions. Sarcasm IS used in debates because it can be powerful if applied properly. "You lose bud" serves no purpose whatsoever, unless you expect the other party to be brainwashed by your retort. What lesson? The lesson that I can't simply use quotations if HOUTS doesn't get them? I guess you're going to be frustrated then, because I'll quote whatever plays I like, whenever I like. Hey, who knows? I might even insert quotes that really don't make sense, even with context--just for you. My sympathies go out to your misinformed students (if they exist).
|
2018-06-22T11:31:27Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864391.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20180622104200-20180622124200-00185.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.985766
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.casualplayers.org/forums/threads/offshoot-from-2005-cpa-award-ceremony.13433/page-2"
}
|
Brocade Shares Jump on Rumors of IBM Buyout
Brocade shares jumped 11% to $6.26 in NASDAQ trading today. Trading volume today was more than four times its 30-day average.
IBM is among a group of companies, including Oracle Corp. (ORCL) and Hewlett-Packard Co. (HPQ), that have been acquiring smaller competitors as they accumulate cash, the wire service said. IBM's market value is about 60 times that of Brocade, which last month said it had a fiscal-third-quarter profit of $22 million, compared to a year-earlier loss of $23.5 million.
Representatives from both Brocade and IBM declined to comment, Bloomberg said.
|
2020-07-07T07:26:15Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655891654.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20200707044954-20200707074954-00580.warc.gz
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en
| 0.974214
| 153
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www.aol.com/2010/09/22/brocade-shares-jump-on-rumors-of-ibm-buyout/"
}
|
Deryk Gilmore is a certified contract advisor for Priority Sports. Prior to joining the Priority team, Deryk was involved with college athletics for over 11 years working in football as a Recruiting Coordinator and Director of Football Operations in both the Big Ten and Pac Ten conferences. A New York native, Gilmore lettered and played defensive tackle for the Penn State Nittany Lions, a member of the 1986 National Championship Team. After graduating from college, Gilmore went on to the University of Illinois where he began his work in football evaluating and recruiting the top high school players in the country. Developing unique strategies to market high school prospects, Gilmore helped the Illini recruit players that would take Illinois to the first major bowl game in 10 years. Deryk was then hired by the University of Oregon where he led the Ducks to a top 10 recruiting class in football and top 5 class in basketball, their highest ranked classes in the program’s history. Gilmore, known for his creative marketing strategies has been featured in a number of sports publications. Deryk has a Bachelor of Science from Penn State in Agribusiness Management and an MBA in Operations and MS in Sports Marketing from the University of Illinois. He and his wife Camille, live in Atlanta, GA, with their sons Dantae’ and Deion. Deryk and his wife, Camille, were recently profiled in Essence Magazine.
|
2017-02-24T12:51:50Z
|
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en
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"url": "http://www.prioritysports.biz/staff/deryk-gilmore"
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In spite of the fact that there are various lotteries with various arrangements of rules, a similar guideline applies: buy a lottery ticket, pick the numbers relating to the sort of lottery you are playing and on the off chance that the numbers you have picked get picked, at that point you win. In case you are searching for lottery assist that with willing increment your odds of winning the bonanza, the majority of the tips that specialists will give you would regularly comprise of utilizing a scientific methodology or utilizing likelihood while picking your lottery numbers. This article is going to give you tips on what to maintain a strategic distance from when playing the lottery which many individuals are really submitting, all things considered. In the event that you find that you are doing any of the things recorded underneath, at that point it is an ideal opportunity to stop and take a stab at something other than what is expected:
- As much as could reasonably be expected, abstain from wagering or picking continually numbers that make them intend to you like your birthday, the day your kid began talking, your sister’s birthday and such. In all likelihood these numbers will just come out more than once in each draw so on the off chance that you need to expand your odds of winning, at that point you need to pick arbitrarily.
- Many individuals who offer lottery assist will with revealing to you that projects and tip administrations would not assist you with winning the terrific prize by any stretch of the imagination. These things guarantee that they can anticipate the ็huay lottery by selecting numbers that make certain to win, however truly this is unimaginable since the lottery is a round of arbitrary numbers.
- Do not attempt to pick numbers that follow a specific math grouping like tables of 2 or 3. It is uncommon, perhaps unthinkable for an ideal scientific succession to come out as a triumphant set so do not wager all your cash on it. However much as could reasonably be expected save the numbers in a decent blend for your odds of winning to be progressively steady.
- According to the vast majority of the articles on lottery help, abstain from making designs out of the triumphant numbers for example, corner to corner lines, circles and so forth. In all likelihood you are not going to win since numbers are arbitrarily picked during the lottery draws so in the event that you need to win, pick haphazardly and not in an example. In all honesty, a great deal of lottery players keeps on doing this and at long last, they never truly win the big stake through it.
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2021-05-11T07:54:16Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991904.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20210511060441-20210511090441-00598.warc.gz
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en
| 0.968909
| 513
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://onlyfanpics.com/casino/lottery-help-predictions-to-learn-how-to-win-today.html"
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|
Not every request falls under one of the common categories or can be fulfilled by an off the shelf product or component. LSC provides custom solutions for whatever need may arise, no matter how odd or how difficult. From custom enclosures and loudspeaker development, custom control ad programming integration, to one-off systems or installations; we can help.
From grain sampling camera systems for remote operations, remote system controls for distant systems, custom integrated sound system paging solutions for auctioneer vehicles to school buses, to motion activated exhibit based audio playback systems; we have the experience you can rely on. No project is too big, too small, or too difficult.
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2019-06-19T11:16:25Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627998959.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20190619103826-20190619125826-00256.warc.gz
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en
| 0.907727
| 132
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://lowrancesoundcompany.com/custom-solutions/"
}
|
OK, we were driving along , and we pulled over at a Rest Stop so I could stretch my legs and get rid of some of the Soda I had been drinking all day.
I realized that I was good for 2 maybe 3 hours of driving and we would need to stop for the night.
Looking at the map on my computer, I realized that the end of my day was going to be roughly right across Lake Pontchetrain (???) from New Orleans.
So, it didn’t take us long to decide to sort of “re-arrange” our cross country schedule.
And, we did! We mad a couple of phone calls, and we had a 3-night reservation at a, RPI campground in a little town called Abita Springs.
Nice Campground, but crappy roads to get to the entrance.
We crashed here, and the first night we just drove a couple of miles up to a little Brew Pub and had Dinner, and made our plans for a day in the French Quarter the next day.
Well. as they say; It was on my “Bucket List” to do, and I did it!
Let me tell you something that I learned while bouncing around on Bourbon Street, Royal Street, and many others with names that I can’t remember right now.
Back to what I learned.
I learned that the smell of decades of Vomit is not as glamorous as I remembered in my Youth traveling the world.
Add the pungent odor of the Horse Poop dropped in the streets throughout the day.
And top all of this with the marvelous soaring temperatures, high Humidity, and absolutely no Breeze.
Now you have an idea of why everyone is drinking so much.
The damned place stinks and is miserably hot, but I do have to admit that, once my senses were dulled, the great Cajun Food, and cold drinks, and great Music won the day for me.
We had a good time overall, and I got the obligatory T-shirts.
Today? We are laying back and Chillin’, preparing for a really long run tomorrow.
But, it should be worth it! Then we sit back and roam around teh south San Antonio area.
Eat som of that Tex-Mex food.
Drink some of that Lone Star beer.
Take a lot of silly pictures!
I can’t wait.
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2020-09-25T18:47:43Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400228707.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20200925182046-20200925212046-00525.warc.gz
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en
| 0.97335
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://rvandcamper.org/2011/10/31/in-new-orleans-kind-of/"
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The Joint Seminar of Russian Arbitration Association and Istanbul Chamber of Commerce Arbitration Centre (ITOTAM Istanbul Arbitration Days Contemporary Topics in and Future of Arbitration) has taken place on November 17 in Istanbul.
The Seminar was dedicated to the relevant questions of modern arbitration and perspectives of its development in the future. A lot of prominent legal professionals participated in this event as speakers and shared their experience and ideas with the audience. On the part of the Association Vladimir Khvalei, RAA Chairman of the Board, presented his report about the new Russian arbitration legislation. Roman Zykov, RAA Secretary General, gave the presentation concerning the topics of recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards in Russia and Timur Aitkulov, RAA Board Member, made the speech about the rules of ethics for counsel in arbitration.
Dmitry Dyakin and Mikhail Samoylov, lawyers of EPAM law firm, discussed corporate disputes in Russia and impact of sanctions on dispute resolution.
Foreign colleagues also highlighted the issues of online dispute resolution (Simel Sarıalioğlu, Senior Associate, Paksoy Hukuk), arbitrating construction disputes (Doğan Gültutan, Associate at Esin Attorney Partnership) and third-party financing (Eggo Jan Rietema, Partner at Omni Bridgeway).
The Seminar was culminated in the solemnly signing of the Agreement of cooperation between RAA and ITOTAM.
|
2020-09-18T13:01:47Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400187899.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20200918124116-20200918154116-00564.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.93426
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://arbitration.ru/en/press-centr/news/arbitration-conference-in-istanbul/"
}
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According to the Database of 365Chess, the English Wing Gambit has not been tried by a grandmaster in a rated game.
Although there might not be a clear refutation, the gambit seems to be somewhat dubious. Compared with most gambits, white does not obtain a quick development. Compared with the Sicilian Wing Gambit, white acquires less control in the center. Compared with the Benko Gambit, black's central pawns are still flexible (which was already pointed out by Brian Towers).
After 1.c4 c5 2.b4, the most principled reply is to accept the gambit by 2....cxb4. Now, white has two logical continuations: 3.a3 (Benko style) and 3.d4 (trying to occupy the center). Regardless of white's third move, black can play 3....e6 and 4....d5, after which white doesn't have enough compensation.
Instead of accepting the gambit, black is also more than fine after 2....Nf6, as he will regain the pawn after 3.bxc5 e5.
1.c4 c5 2.b4 cxb4 (2...Nf6 3.bxc5 e5) 3.d4 (3.a3 e6) e6 4.e4 d5
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2022-01-18T01:33:47Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300658.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220118002226-20220118032226-00453.warc.gz
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en
| 0.948197
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/22418/how-bad-is-the-english-opening-wing-gambit"
}
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You and your partner have made the decision to take a vacation. You’ve always aspired to get really away, and a visit to the relatives just does not work anymore. How can you plan your vacation?
You can use the internet and dig around for travel tips (which you are doing at this time, unless of course this information is inside a physical magazine). You’ll find more details online than you are able to use–and a few is going to be contradictory. How can you separate the wheat in the chaff? Everywhere will say it’s a good option to go to. Everybody will claim to achieve the best discount. Nobody will explain the gotchas. (Certain areas will have negative comments, but how can you tell when the comments are not just sour grapes?) Let’s say cost X changes while you are searching at cost Y? How about hidden costs, problems you will possibly not consider, secret discounts you do not know about, and pitfalls in processing your documents? Many dangers lurk in planning travel outside your usual haunts. Also keep in mind–everything research needs time to work. What’s your time and effort worth?
You may go to a tour operator. Travel specialists possess a status to be costly. In the end, they’ve offices and all sorts of individuals fancy travel books and posters. In fact, individuals ads and brochures are provided through the cruise companies and travel companies. They spend the money for agents, too, normally. If the agent must ask you for for any service, they will explain in advance. if you are inside a travel club, you may expect the agent to lessen or get rid of the commission, and also have a ready way to obtain club discounts, further lowering the cost. Think about: What is a travel agent’s understanding and experience worth? They are fully aware the ropes, the pitfalls, the methods from the trade they get access to all of the discounts, and they’re going to help you save some time and stress–after you’re able to know a tour operator, one telephone call may take proper care of everything.
Obviously, you will find the same issue selecting a tour operator while you do making travel decisions online: Who’s good? For instance, what’s good inside a tour operator? And can you be sure?
Listed here are a couple of ways to accept way of measuring a tour operator.
Are you currently attached to the agent? (This rule is nice considering getting a realtor or perhaps a funeral director, too.) Knowing someone within the travel industry, they are more inclined to want to provide you with exceptional service. In the end, they help you socially. You may know their current address. Good travel specialists could be relatives, acquaintances, buddies, and buddies of buddies.
May be the person well traveled? Should they have visited where you need to go, all of the better, but travel experience of any type seasons an individual. A tour operator that has personally been neighborhood a couple of occasions is really a font of knowledge and advice.
May be the person detail oriented? Not always neat (that’s a good factor), but notice whether or not they find your file immediately. They ought to know where things are without having to search for things. You wouldn’t want an absent-minded professor for any tour operator. You won’t ever (okay, seldom) visit a good tour operator surprised at something, plus they maintain their promises about when they’ve got something for you personally. They’re ready whenever you appear next first, opening meeting.
May be the agent you are dealing with responsive? Will they answer telephone calls and emails quickly? This can be a must. Even when all they are able to say is they require more time, they do not cause you to wait for reply.
Could they be inexpensive? You are able to tell this by the choices they provide you with. A lazy tour operator will not research multiple options, will not search to find the best cost, will not spend anymore time than necessary working your vacation. The thing is them lookup one factor and provide you with a cost. A great agent will search lower discounted prices, consider options (a close nice location which costs less, for instance) that you simply did not consider, seek advice from several wholesalers. Good agents provide you with a lot to select from.
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2020-04-01T04:20:31Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370505366.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20200401034127-20200401064127-00205.warc.gz
|
en
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://shmou3.com/how-you-can-tell-a-great-tour-operator-if-you-notice-one/"
}
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Main / Shopping / New indian songs list 2013 free download
New indian songs list 2013 free download
2 Jan So here it is finally - the best rated film songs on MySwar in Piya Milenge (Raanjhanaa) Khushamdeed (Go Goa Gone) Sawar Loon (Lootera) Manjha (K. Download New MP3 Bollywood Songs. Free Download A to Z Bollywood Hindi Movies MP3 Songs, Latest Song by using your Mobile Phones. Download Songs: Like us: /BollywoodLatestSong Hi, I Am Mr Bollywood, subscribe for New Top Bollywood Song and you can also Gives a Feedback and. Lahore. 3 Tracks. Followers. Stream Tracks and Playlists from Top Bollywood Songs on your desktop or.
We have large collection of Pakistani Underground songs officially submitted by upcoming musicians & hindi movie songs. 18 Sep Latest Hindi Songs Lyrics with Bollywood movies list: Here is a huge list of Bollywood movies of , till – containing the songs with lyrics along with music videos or audio tracks. All new Hindi movies list with Songs Lyrics and Music Videos from All Bollywood movies recently released. Top Old Hindi Songs Top Old Hindi Songs app, allows you to enjoy ultimate collection of all time Hit Old Hindi Songs. Now you don't have to search and download your Favorite Old Hindi and Bollywood songs. Top Old Hindi Songs is an app designed especially for the people who want to listen best Old and classic Hindi.
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2018-06-23T15:29:52Z
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en
| 0.856021
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://guiavalefoodtrucks.com/shopping/new-indian-songs-list-2013-free-download.php"
}
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You are currently viewing a snapshot of www.mozilla.org taken on April 21, 2008. Most of this content is highly out of date (some pages haven't been updated since the project began in 1998) and exists for historical purposes only. If there are any pages on this archive site that you think should be added back to www.mozilla.org, please file a bug.
To avoid incompatibility problem with previous versions, the Mozilla installer will prompt you to delete the install directory if it is not empty. Answer NO if you put your profile or other personal files in the install directory, otherwise the files will be deleted. Users who put profiles in the default location are not affected.
See the profile FAQ for help on backing up your profiles.
These release notes describe system requirements, installation instructions, and known issues for Mozilla 1.5 Beta. These various notes are updated when we receive feedback, so please check back for new information. Consult our releases page to download the source and the latest version of Mozilla for your platform.
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2019-03-24T09:02:03Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912203409.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20190324083551-20190324105551-00525.warc.gz
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://www-archive.mozilla.org/releases/mozilla1.5b/"
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Tale of Jeremy Fisher
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The Tale of Mr. Jeremy Fisher is a children's book, written and illustrated by Beatrix Potter. It was published by Frederick Warne & Co. in July 1906. Jeremy's origin lies in a letter she wrote to a child in 1893. She revised it in 1906, and moved its setting from the River Tay to the English Lake District. The tale reflects her love for the Lake District and her admiration for children's illustrator Randolph Caldecott. Jeremy Fisher is a frog who lives in a "slippy-sloppy" house at the edge of a pond. One rainy day he collects worms for fishing, and sets off across the pond on his lily-pad boat. He plans to invite his friends for dinner if he catches more than five minnows. He encounters all sorts of setbacks to his goal, and escapes a large trout who tries to swallow him. He swims for shore, decides he will not go fishing again, and hops home. Potter's tale pays homage to the leisurely summers her father and his companions passed sport fishing at rented country estates in Scotland. Following the tale's publication, a child fan wrote to Potter suggesting Jeremy find a wife. Potter responded with a series of miniature letters on the theme as if from Jeremy and his pals. After Potter's death in 1943, licences were issued to various firms to produce the Potter characters. Jeremy and his friends were released as porcelain figurines, plush toys, and other merchandise. From Wikipedia (CC BY-SA).
This book is included in Project Gutenberg.
Why read this book? Have your say.
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Rights InformationAre you the author or publisher of this work? If so, you can claim it as yours by registering as an Unglue.it rights holder.
This work has been downloaded 363 times via unglue.it ebook links.
- 31 - mobi (0.1) (PD-US) at Github.
- 22 - pdf (0.1) (PD-US) at Github.
- 21 - epub (0.1) (PD-US) at Github.
- 152 - epub (PD-US) at Project Gutenberg.
- 137 - epub (PD-US) at Project Gutenberg.
- Accessible book
- Children's literature, English
- Children's stories, English
- Ficción juvenil
- Frogs -- Juvenile fiction
- Frogs in fiction
- Juvenile Fiction
- Protected DAISY
Copy/paste this into your site:
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2020-08-10T05:54:14Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439738609.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20200810042140-20200810072140-00175.warc.gz
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en
| 0.946226
| 555
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://unglue.it/work/67193/"
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Well, on Friday I stated that I wanted to sew a little each day - here is what transpired:
I pulled a UFO out & my cat immediately took up residence in the bag.
This is the UFO:
A faux log cabin...
What I accomplished Friday Night:
Do you see the "twosies" those got sewn "wrong" (that is why I usually stick to squares - no sewing them together wrong.)
So I decided to make 2 thimble doll quilts instead of ripping out all of those seams.
Here is one:
My Saturday accomplishment before pressing and borders.
On Sunday I worked on the one with the thimbles going the other way.
So I met my goal of doing a bit of sewing, exercising, & cleaning every day over the weekend.
Here's too keeping it up! (HA! HA! HA!)
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2016-05-26T04:39:12Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-22/segments/1464049275645.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20160524002115-00050-ip-10-185-217-139.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.950815
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|
Former Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante announced two new albums slated for release later this year in an informal note posted to his personal website.
First to arrive will be Letur-Lefr on July 17 in the U.S. and Canada (Japanese fans get a head start with a release date of July 4), an EP that will precede the LP, entitled PBX Funicular Intaglio Zone, which will be available Sept. 12 in Japan and Sept. 25 in North America.
Letur-Lefr was recorded in 2010 and will have a handful of featured artists, while PBX was made in 2011 and will almost entirely feature Frusciante’s vocals. These are the guitarist’s first solo releases since 2009’s full-length The Empyrean.
Frusciante himself did the guitars, vocals and engineering for both releases.
“I consider my music to be Progressive Synth Pop, which says nothing about what it sounds like, but does describe my basic approach,” Frusciante said. “I combine aspects of many styles of music and create my own musical forms by way of electronic instruments.”
Frusciante differentiates between the releases by calling the EP “a compilation,” while the LP “was conceived as an album, the songs having been recorded in succession.”
As a teaser for the PBX, Frusciante will release a song that didn’t make it onto the album called “Walls and Doors.” The song “pointed the way towards PBX, but was recorded 7 months earlier,” he said.
Both releases will be available on CD, 12” vinyl, cassette (in case there are a few cassette deck purists and/or cheap asses still hanging on out there), MP3, FLAC or WAV files.
Letur-Lefr is currently available for pre-order on Frusciante’s website, which will also post a link to pre-order PBX closer to the release date.
|
2018-02-23T13:55:47Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891814787.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20180223134825-20180223154825-00087.warc.gz
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en
| 0.968052
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"url": "https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2012/05/john-frusciante-announces-two-new-releases-through.html"
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|
"We've transformed into a proactive business, ready for whatever comes next. If a new client project requires 50 additional staff members, we have the agility to create up to 50 desktops in no time. For example, we supported the creation of a new division with employees who move to new workspaces every few weeks and need to log in to their desktops from different locations. By leveraging technology as a business enabler, we can rapidly respond to dynamic needs and deliver new services to attract clients.""With EMC VNX and the FAST Suite backing our virtualized desktop infrastructure, we're getting great performance—even when boot storms occur. It's amazing—just a little flash goes a long way. Our call center agents log into their virtual desktops or reboot in only 30 seconds when it used to take five to 10 minutes for PCs. And because they operate on commissions, enabling our agents to get to work faster contributes to increased revenue for the company."
Financial Firm Transforms IT Infrastructure With EMC To Enable Business Growth
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|
2016-05-01T16:12:15Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-18/segments/1461860116587.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20160428161516-00028-ip-10-239-7-51.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
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"url": "http://www.thestreet.com/story/11765398/3/financial-firm-transforms-it-infrastructure-with-emc-to-enable-business-growth.html"
}
|
Create a project using a flowing medium. Some examples could be watercolor, liquid ink, liquid glues, thinned out acrylics, etc.... use your imagination and let the juices flow!
The skull was "decorated" with watered acrylic paint first.
Then, using the BoPeep Build a garden set again from Smeared Ink, stamped onto tissue paper for the flower images and onto card for the spiders. I used the colour scheme from day 3 for the most part. Promarkers used throughout. The flowers were adhered with mod podge and the spiders held in place with acrylic glue substitute.
The pics aren't the best due to the time of night.
I am entering this into
Smudgy Antics - Smudgefest day 5 challenge
|
2017-10-17T00:11:48Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187820487.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20171016233304-20171017013304-00306.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.91704
| 160
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://cromscubbyhole.blogspot.com/2011/08/smudgefest-day-five.html"
}
|
The Disappointment of Dispensationalism...
Dispensationalism comes in various forms. A "dispensation" is a period of time. An era. In its most extreme form it regards God as having multiple plans of salvation depending on the particular dispensation. These dispensations generally commence with the Dispensation of Innocence and include other Dispensations such as the Dispensations of Works, Law, and Grace. This is contrasted by the orthodox Christian view of regarding God only ever having one means of salvation: the work of Jesus of Nazareth, especially His suffering, death and resurrection. But Dispensationalism is most notably distinguished from orthodox Christianity in the way it regards Israel. Dispensationalism says that God has a distinct plan and salvation for Israel. The roof of Dispensationalism is then supported by the walls of a novel form of end-times teaching. This includes such things as a rapture of the Church, a two-part Tribulation period, the global rule of an Anti-Christ, the reconstruction of a Temple in Jerusalem, the Battle of Armageddon, and then the Return of Christ. Dispensationalist Bible Prophecy teachers have gone to great lengths in their predictions of what the future holds based on their interpretation of the Bible. I have written a separate article on some of these predictions. But there's a problem. A big problem.
Dispensationalism's Big Problem
Put simply, Dispensationalism's big problem is its inability to consistently forecast world events based on its interpretation of Bible prophecy. The things that Dispensationalism predicted would happen in the 20th century have largely not happened. This is a big problem especially because most Dispensational Bible Prophecy teachers usually add time-frames to their interpretations. For example, Dispensationalists were almost shrill in their claims of what the future held leading up to the year 2000. Some of the most outrageous claims were made about how the Bible predicted the coming Y2K bug!!! When it became obvious that there was no global financial collapse, no revelation of a world dictator (the "Anti-Christ"), no rapture of the Church, no reconstruction of a Jerusalem Temple, or any other such Dispensational prediction, these Prophecy Teachers became very quiet. Except for some, like John Hagee who presses on with Dispensationalism regardless (I have written about some of his outrageous claims separately).
Here's a really dangerous example of what I'm talking about-
"2008 - God's
From now until the latter part of 2008, many prophecies are going to begin to be fulfilled, especially the Seven Thunders of the Book of Revelation, which the apostle John saw but was restricted from recording. Those thunders are revealed in this book, as well as detailed accounts of the final three and one-half years of man's self-rule on earth, which are recorded in the account of the Seventh Seal of Revelation.
Some of these prophecies concern the demise of the United States over the next year, which will be followed by man's final world war. This last war will be the result of clashing and the governments they sway. Billions will die! This time will far exceed even the very worst times in all human history...."
Most reasonable Christians are going to recognise immediately that this type of shrill is certainly outside of the pale of orthodoxy- even for the most extreme varieties of Dispensationalism. This particular author, Ronald Weinland, though, promotes the same kinds of Bible Prophecy interpretation ideas that generally characterise Dispensationalists-
He claims that the Book of Revelation was written to describe events taking place today.
He claims that God has given him special revelation into the Book of Revelation.
He claims that the Book of Revelation addresses contemporary events unfolding in the United States.
He claims that the world will get rapidly more evil and that "billions" will die.
This is exceptionally dangerous teaching. It deserves to be tested for its Biblical accuracy. And can even be tested for its prophetic accuracy since he claims that these events will take place in 2008.
In my eBook on the Book of Revelation, I have addressed these types of claims in evaluating some of the ways that people attempt to interpret Revelation. As more Dispensationalists become disappointed with Dispensationalism's ability to make sense of current events and accurately forecast what the Bible really says about the future it is my hope that they won't abandon the Bible altogether but will rather relook at what the Bible really says about the future- especially the Biblical Book which promises that the reader will be blessed by its contents- not confused by them.
Revelation 1:3 Blessed is the one who reads aloud the words of this prophecy, and blessed are those who hear, and who keep what is written in it, for the time is near.
Dr. Andrew Corbett, Legana, Tasmania, March 26th 2008
Download Dr Corbett's eBook on the Book of Revelation
|
2017-04-25T08:34:29Z
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|
en
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.andrewcorbett.net/articles/dispensational-disappointment/index.html"
}
|
Bow Front Shirt Dress Pink
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"Dress by sister jane, Lightweight crepe, Point collar, Front bow detail, Button placket, Regular fit - true to size, Dry clean, 100% Polyester, Our model wears a UK S/EU S/US XS and is 173cm/5'8" tall. ABOUT SISTER JANE Serving up femininity with a vintage twist, sister jane perfects your 9-9 style with its pretty blouses and tailored separates. Embroidered Peter-Pan collars, delicate pleats and lace appliqu� are our favourite details."
|
2016-12-08T02:06:46Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698542323.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170902-00290-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
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| 149
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{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "https://dressipi.com/dresses/3484412/sister-jane-bow-front-shirt-dress-pink"
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|
Molino Pizzeria Ristorante: "An Italian for everyone" Geneva Restaurant Tip by gordonilla
Geneva Restaurants: 141 reviews and 166 photos
A restaurant suitable for almost everyone - from tables for one to business lunches. There is seating outdoors as well as indoors.
Good service and reasonably priced.
Favorite Dish: I had a spaghetti bolognaise - it was good as was the coffee.
Address: 7, place du molard, 1204 Geneva
Price Comparison: about average
othercontact: fax: 00 41 22 310 99 86
Phone: 00 41 22 310 99 88
More Reviews (16)
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gordonilla's Related Pages
Have you been to Geneva?Share Your Travels
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2016-10-23T20:38:45Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719416.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00118-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.8801
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|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/p/m/162b95/"
}
|
Why not give a customer a little extra to show their business matters? With Colour Copy Leeds you can do just that. Our compliment slips are ideal for communicating with your customers to let them know that you care about their purchase and with a compliment slip comes the opportunity for repeat business.
Compliment slips breakdown
- Our high quality compliment slips are printed on satin 100gram.
- Available in a variety of quantities.
- Sizing is 210 x 99mm
- Available with our Same day printing service!*
If you are wanting more than 1000 or would like a different paper type/weight then call or email to receive more information on prices.
*Work submitted before 10am is applicable for same day printing.
|
2018-02-18T04:59:50Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891811655.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20180218042652-20180218062652-00140.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943799
| 147
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.colourcopyleeds.co.uk/product/compliment-slips/"
}
|
She looked up at the gloomy sky from her place atop an old run down building. She was cautious not to drop her multiple juggling balls as she did so. Her lengthy white tail swayed to the side as she thought of an idea for a new performance. Her mouth shot up into a toothy grin as her crazed mind sparked with ideas.
She became lost in one of her thoughts. Thus causing her to drop one of her juggling balls. She was snapped back to reality as it hit the ruins of an old house and exploded into a cloud of colorful smoke and glitter.
She placed her hands at her sides as the others followed. She clapped in amusement at the multicolored dust clouds as they were one of her performances.
The psychotic jester let out a crazed laugh as she attempted to catch the smoke. She stopped and frowned.
"It needs more work," She thought aloud to herself. She believed the world was apart of her act. Nothing was ever perfect. There were always improvements.
Her imagination never stopped generating ideas and improvements. She believed it to be more of a curse than a blessing. She failed to ever think straight about something else. Sometimes, it would anger her. At other times, it would only add to her madness.
The only time she didn't think of improvements was when she slept. Instead of ideas she would be haunted by memories. The memory that haunted her most was the accident.
The circus had stopped at her home town to perform. She had overheard that her birth parents would go to the show to watch her act. The memories of them giving her away to the circus had crossed her dreams that night. In the morning she woke up angry with them and decided what she had to do.
When it was her time to shine she did as she had planned. Her act started out as it usually would have. She road around on an unicycle juggling bowling pins. When she spotted her parents she jumped off and threw the pins down. She then grabbed her multicolored juggling balls and threw them at the crowd. Then she pulled out a box of matches and lit every last match. One-by-one she threw them, smiling as the tent burst into flames.
She was the only one to make it out safely. She had stood there watching her home burn. Once the flames had died down she looked around to make sure there were no survivors. When she was satisfied she gathered her things and began a new adventure in her life.
A year had passed since the accident. She never understood why it frightened her when it reoccurred in her dreams. She had planned to do it and then she had carried out the plan. She knew they deserved it.
After a long three hours of thought, the demon began to walk through out the ruins. It was beautiful in it's own depressing way. The eerie silence that hovered over it made the old town frighteningly calm and peaceful.
She had just finished getting ready for slumber when she heard movement. She could feel the tiny hairs on the back of her neck stand up. Out of instinct she readied two juggling balls.
"What are you going to do with those?" Asked a male voice. The male, now behind her, snatched the two weapons from her hand and slipped them back into her coat pocket.
She recognized this voice. She turned around to face him. He was tall demon with a strong build. She titled her head up and squinted her eyes in an attempt to see his eyes in the darkness of the night.
"Ansid, what is wrong with you!? You scared me," She said. She punched him in the shoulder angrily.
"Whoa there," He replied back, pretending to be in pain. "Don't kill me now Cerise, you need me." He was right, she did need him. He needed her too. They both wanted the same thing, a cure.
Ansid and Cerise were both the same yet, completely different. They were both demons, they both wanted a cure, they both needed each other. Unlike Cerise, Ansid's parents had kept him and tried to love him as though he were normal. As he grew older his parents became more and more frightened of him. Even as a child, he had been completely insane. One day he had over heard his parents talking about it. Blinded by anger and madness, Ansid had ended both of his parents' lives.
"Says who?" She yelled.
"You did, a while back," He whispered. He wrapped his arms around her and pulled her into a gentle hug. He began to stroke her hair as he attempted to calm her down.
Cerise was not surprised by the hug. He always hugged her when she yelled. She rested her head on his shoulder quietly. She closed her eyes and drifted off to sleep.
Once Ansid was positive that she was asleep, he carefully set her down. He sat beside her protectively and stared at the starry night sky. They had been traveling with each other for at least one year......
|
2015-05-22T12:46:01Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207924991.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113204-00052-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.996143
| 1,047
|
{
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.gaiaonline.com/journal/?mode=view&post_id=34412785&u=32149769"
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|
Another day, another set of feuding Housewives.
Now that The Real Housewives of New Jersey's Kim DePaola has settled her longtime feud with co-star Teresa Giudice, she's looking for a new Housewife to dig her claws into. Her potential new victim? Melissa Gorga, who DePaola says messed with her business.
"I’m kind of going to punch her in the face," DePaola said about Gorga. "I found out that she was telling Jacqueline [Laurita] and the other girls not to come to my store, not to film there and not to come to my fashion show."
DePaola is also reportedly considering suing Gorga for ripping off the name of her store — DePaola's store is called Posche by Kim D, and Gorga's is called Envy by Melissa Gorga. According to what DePaola told In Touch magazine, her lawyer is encouraging her to pursue legal action.
Just to make this fight a little uglier, DePaola is also taking personal swipes at Gorga.
"She’s had four nose jobs but won’t even admit to one," DePaola claimed. "And her relationship with Teresa [Giudice] is fake. They don’t bother with each other off-camera. Teresa can’t stomach the sight of her."
And according to DePaola, she and Giudice aren't the only ones who have issues with Gorga. "The crew hates Melissa’s fucking guts," she added.
And you'll see personalized content just for you whenever you click the My Feed .
SheKnows is making some changes!
|
2018-03-22T16:06:11Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257647892.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20180322151300-20180322171300-00168.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972451
| 363
|
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"section": "fineweb",
"url": "http://www.sheknows.com/entertainment/articles/1126495/rhonj-cast-feud-alert-kim-depaola-and-melissa-gorga"
}
|
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