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Why can mayo remove water stains from finished wood?
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The combination of fat and mild acids penetrates the top layer of the finish to replace the water with nourishing oil. At least that's what it says on_URL_0_", 'The combination of fats and acids in mayonnaise soaks through the top layer of the wood to remove water stains .
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Why do red objects and text appear blurrier than other colours in low-quality digital videos?
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Digital sensors use what's called a [Bayer Filter] over the sensor to filter out the colours. As you can see in the images on that page, red pixels are only a quarter of the total number of pixels. This actually roughly matches the sensitivity of your eye, providing a more accurate colour balance. A side effect of this is that pure red and pure blue can sometimes appear 'bitty'.Our eyes are very good at seeing small dots with different luminosity, but less good seeing small dots with different color. what our eye ACTUALLY sees is somehow similar to two different images:- a high-resolution black & white image - a low-resolution color image Actually, we could simplify even more saying that we have several low-resolution images for each color component, each one with a different resolution. The human eye "prefers" green and blue, because our world is mostly green and blue , while red is less important, and the eye tolerates better having a poor quality in the red component of the image. When computers compress images they take advantage of this fact, and try to throw away useless information while keeping an image that satisfies our eyes. To do this, they separate the image in a black & white part and in a color part , where the luma part stores the b & w information, and the chroma part stores each color information. Then, the chroma image is reduced. In ELI5 terms, if the original image was 100x100 pixel, we could keep a 100x100 image in b & w but only store a smaller image for each color This process is called chroma subsampling. When a computer compresses an image, it can decide how large the color dots should be and also how large the dots of each color should be. The reconstructed image is therfore somehow made up of small b & w pixels superimposed with large blue and green dots and even larger red dots When you REALLY compress an image, the red dots become REALLY large and you see the squares TL;DR: Chroma subsampling.
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r/KotakuInAction and "Gamergate"
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KIA and gamergate is anti SJW. GamerGate began due to the accusation of a female game developer of sleeping around with game reviewers, which was partially true and partially false. So, the internet rioted and began to demand ethics in game journalism, while some attacked her directly on the internet. She accused her accusers of attacking her because she is a woman in a male dominated industry, claimed they were harassing her, and others came to her aid. The gaming journalist sites sided with them, and basically it has been like this for half a year now. GG claims it is trying to find ethics in journalism, anti - GG claims this is really a group trying to fight against women in the gaming industry. r/kotakuinaction is the largest pro GamerGate subreddit. My suggestion to you is to tread no further. I once got wound up in this conflict and now I see that the conflict in general is very vile basically cancerLet me just remind everybody, since I stumbled across this on All/new, > Please be neutral in your explanations, and note your personal bias in controversial topics.
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why do we say aww when we see something cute or feel bad for someone?
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Possibly because of social norms, in which we learn from others that we say "aww" when we see something cute or feel bad for someone. Perhaps the origin is that actually, humans react aggressively when we see something cute perhaps there might be some explanation there
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Why are all videos not available on mobile youtube?
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Uploaders can choose for each of their videos whether or not to enable mobile viewing. Google implemented this choice because the mobile Youtube apps used to not be able to display ads, and some uploaders might not want to lose out on that ad revenue. That reasoning is obsolete now, since ads are shown during mobile viewing. Maybe Google hasn't removed it yet because there are other reasons. One guess that comes to mind is for channels like Vevo which have ads on the webpage all around the video player.The most obvious reason for this phenomenon stems from music videos. A lot of people use YouTube mainy to listen to music, and creators of such music think that YouTube is a great platform to share and spread their music. That said, these creators ultimately want to optimize profit and thus limit playing songs on YouTube mobile devices to elicit more sales of songs on iTunes, Google Play, or the equivalent.
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How can businessmen get prosecuted for things like insider trading and securities fraud when their businesses have limited liability?
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Limited liability protects members from debts, liabilities, and tort claims -- not crimes. For example, if you're a member of an LLC that goes bankrupt, you are not responsible for those debts. If someone slips on a puddle of coffee inside your office and sues you, you are not personally responsible for paying that judgement . Limited liability does not protect you from being prosecuted for a crime, whether you committed the crime as an owner of the company or in your own interest.
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How do clouds stay up in the sky?
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Air also has weight. Remember that clouds are totally gigantic. The amount of air that would take up that space actually weighs more than that. Since the cloud is lighter, it floats on top of the air. As the cloud gets denser, it can sink down. As it gets less dense, it can rise up. That's why fog, stratus clouds, cumulous clouds, and cirrus clouds hang out at different heights.
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Why drugs have the stigma that they possess today?
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Well it's obvious there have been enormous negative social impacts from drug use. I think it 'd be ridiculous to say it's "purely" because of corrupt governments or money. Obviously the War on Drugs didn't help their public image, and some-not-quite-as-bad drugs were caught in the "drugs are terrible" crossfire, but it just doesn't make sense to discount the actual harmful issues they cause to society People have become addicted to and have abused drugs for as long as there have been drugs, legal or illegal. The worst of them will devote all their efforts to acquiring those drugs, ignoring their families, their occupation, the law, and even their own well being. When they create an underclass of destitute, criminal, and easily exploited addicts, there is little wonder they take on a negative stigma.Because people cannot handle them so easily as anything else. They affect your mentality, and many people cannot handle it right and misuse them and as a result of that people think drugs are bad. Humanity likes to have control over everything, we need to know how does stuff work, what's good and bad, how should we live and do things etc. Drugs can destroy those things in some way, and it is up to you to decide how you'll take it.It differs greatly from drug to drug. While there are drugs, like heroin, crack, meth, which fail to present a possibly positive impact on society or medicine and are stigmatized for a reason , there are more drugs which suffer that stigma due to economic, political or other reasons.
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Why Does My Spoon Taste Metallic After It Touches Aluminum Foil?
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Some of the aluminum oxide, which **always** coats the aluminum, rubs off. It tastes metallic because you are tasting aluminum rust.
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Why is a president commenting on a judicial procedure not a violation of the separation of powers?
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He is allowed to comment all he likes. He is even allowed to fight judicial procedures in court. What he can't do is order his executive branch to directly violate the court findings.
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The inclusion of "under God" in the Pledge of Allegiance during 1954.
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one of the main points of propaganda against the soviet union was that the soviet union was atheist and godless, while the US was strong under the protection and guidence of god. The pledge of allegiance was written by a baptist flag salesman to increase sales anywaysReligious revival in America + Scary Atheist Communists = Vaguely Christian Mottos Stuck to a bunch of US government property.
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Why do I often get calls from random numbers with nobody on the other line?
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They're likely scammy telemarketing calls. Outbound call centers typically use a "power dialer" that calls a bunch of numbers at once, and if the line picks up, instantly connects it to an operator. In legit call centers, they're tuned so that you rarely get enough people picking up at once that there are no operators available. But scammy telemarketers? They don't care, they want 100% of the scammers working 100% of the time, and if that means you get woken up 3 times to a dead line, so be it.
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How can you have multiple Channels on the same frequency!(e.g. In Walkie-Talkies)?
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On the [Family Radio Service], which is the more common radio band as it does not require an operator's license, you have multiple channels spaced 12.5 kHz apart. On each of those channels, the radio uses something called CDCSS ) or CTCSS ) to provide the sub-channels you're talking about. How this works is actually fairly simple; in addition to the audio that you can hear, the radio adds a specific digital code or an inaudible sound that the radio circuitry picks up and uses to ignore transmissions that do not use the code or tone that the radio is listening to.
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Why are most road kill on the side of the road?
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State trooper move the carcass to aide of the road if it's blocking or endangering traffic. Later on, animal services comes by and takes the carcass if animals haven't eaten it already. If healthy itll be butchered and donated to local animal shelters", 'Animals that get hit and killed instantly are often driven over by dozens of cars before anyone can move them off the road. The result is they are pulverized into a fine mush. Many times, animals are merely wounded by vehicles and die moments later on the side of the road.
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What are the pros and cons of "right to work" laws?
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> A "right-to-work" law is a statute in the UnitedStates\xa0that prohibits union security agreements, or agreements between labor unions and employers, that govern the extent to which an established union can require employees\' membership, payment of union dues, or fees as a condition of employment. Pros: employees that don't want to be in a union cannot be forced to as a condition of their employment. Cons: The functional power of a union is reduced. Strikes are less powerful, as nonunion employees can still work without fear of retribution.
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Why are some apples crisp and some mushy, even within the same variety?
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Because all apples are inferior to honey crisp! But probably age picked. They all just get jumbled up together so you could have apples picked one time, and apples from two months earlier in the same bag or batch
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Are animals less prone to mental disabilities due to evolution and the 'survival of the fittest' mechanism?
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Survival of the fittest is something of an old term, and not terribly accurate. Closer to reality is 'survival of the good enough.' If a species has evolved a heritable high likelihood of mental instability to the point that it can't function, then it is going to be hard for that species to survive. So you'd expect to see natural selection not reward that trend. If you mean 'relative to humans' rather than in general, we'd have the same effect on us. There are a lot of people, and a lot of them are mentally stable.This is kind of a weird question since most of our "mental disabilities" are directly correlated to our mental acuity. You're not going to find a whole lot of Gators with OCD because their brains are just not developed enough to show what we would perceive as OCD like symptoms. Most of what you know as mental disabilities are a result of some sort of chemical imbalance specifically within the human brain. The animals probably suffer from all sorts of ailments we haven't yet taken the time to study since we hardly understand our own at the moment. The types of symptoms and behavior that their "diseases" would present themselves with are probably very different.
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. Why does white text/black background on a monitor make my vision wonky? But on tv or a movie screen it doesn't really bother me...
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Most text on your monitor is very small compared to the size typically used on movies or TV shows. The clarity of small fonts is much more affected by the slight "smearing" effect of white on black. An extra 1mm of white doesn't hurt the clarity much when a character is 25mm wide.
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Why can't we just throw all of our trash into an oceanic trench? Wouldn't it be recycled back into the earth?
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Trash is all sorts of crazy stuff, including oils that float, plastic bits that float, paper bits that float, wood bits that float and even cans with a little air in them that float. It's also filled with air. And air floats. So you'd need to seal it and get all the air out of it to keep it down there. So you Wall-E big cubes of garbage as best you can and seal them somehow. Now you have to deliver it to the dock, and then load it on a vessel, and then pay that vessel huge amounts of money to transport it to that trench because most are pretty far away from land. Now you're over the trench. The bottom of the trench is way way down there where the water pressure is super high. Drop a Wall-E cube. As it sinks, its irregular shape causes it to tumble and drift off. So you build a giant cable that you hook your delivery vessel and cubes to to they it drop down straight. Delivery system complete But as it falls, the pressure on the cube rises, and any remaining air dramatically increases the chance it's going to rupture if not just float. It does, and all the air and those lovely oils and other chemicals squirt out, and with them comes plastic bits and other pollutants as your case's integrity fails. A few hours later there's a minor but potently stenchy oil slick under your vessel and that giant floating garbage patch in the middle of the ocean gets just a little bit bigger, and your picture's on a dartboard in Greenpeace offices all over the globe.Over the course of millions of years, yes. In the meantime it would cost a ton of money in shipping and would disrupt the ecosystem. Landfills are cheaper and safer, although far from perfect. Plus, a lot of garbage floats.
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Is eating too fast that bad for your body ?
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Yes. Eating too fast increases the likelihood of choking, and vastly increases the incidence of stomach upset and gastric reflux.It's not bad for your body in anyway but you may experience not feeling as full when you have had an good meal and in turn makes it easier to eat more.No, not really. The reason people tell you not to eat too quickly is so your brain/body can register that you're "full" before you eat way too much.You need to chew your food before swallowing it, because your mouth makes digestive enzymes in the process. I imagine eating too fast won't make your body digest the food as good.
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Why is horizontal head-shaking an expression of saying 'No' while the vertical head-shaking is for 'Yes'?
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It's arbitrary. Most of the world uses this system, but there are actually a few countries and cultures that do the opposite, as well as some that have neither system.
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Did the holocaust have any lasting effects in the make-up of non Jewish people in Germany and elsewhere?
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Before we say anything else here, it's important to note that there are many Jewish people who are blonde with blue eyes, and many Germans who do *not*! *That* said, here's the thing. *Tens of millions* of people died during WWII - 3% of the total population of the entire world, at the time. The holocaust is a part of that, but Germany was devastated by that war, and limiting the rippling effect to just the holocaust itself is probably not very feasible.
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How will the newly imposed China tarrifs affect the average consumer?
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China's tariffs shouldn't directly affect US consumers, it only affect the people who produce those goods , who will find it harder to export their goods. Trump's tariffs *will* affect US consumers though. Everything Trump puts a tariff on will become more expensive for you. The worry is that Trump will tariff some things, then china will retaliate, then Trump will retaliate with *more* tariffs, until there's a full blown trade war.Unless you are a soybean farmer, not much. Those tariffs make American goods more expensive to Chinese citizens. What will probably affect US citizens more is the US tariffs on Chinese products like steel, which will make products containing steel more expensive.
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How is it possible for babies to cry so loudly for so long?
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Babie's throats aren't fully developed yet. When a baby cries, it's vocal chords don't touch, much like the false chord gruttal screaming technique you hear in a lot of metal songs , where the sound is not profuced by vibration of the vocal chords but the epiglottis. This reduces a lot of friction and thereby the stress the voice is put under. As we age we learn ne ways of communication, utilizing our vocal chords, tongue and lips to shape more distinct sounds, aka language.
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What did people do to for snake bites and staph infections and such before modern medicine? Did they just die?
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Did you ever play Oregon trail? Friggen snake bites killed my family constantly. Yes, many more people died from diseases and wounds that today are easily treatable. Aside from antibiotics and the like, sanitation also played a large role.> Is that why the mortality rate was so much higher back then and our life expectancy now is much longer? Others have already addressed that yeah, people died a lot more from ailments that we can now treat. I would like to note that with regards to mortality/life expectancy, a prime mover of these is infant mortality. It's not so much that people tended to die around 30, 40 years old, but rather more the case that infants, relatively vulnerable to disease and the like, much more rarely made it to childhood or adulthood. The life expectancy, as an average, therefore, was skewed heavily towards younger age. In fact, it is still skewed towards younger age in many countries today, where infant mortality is still high. However, in either case, it is not unusual for adults to reach older age groups, so the indicator can be misleading.> Did they just die? Largely, yes. There are some field treatments for snakebites, tourniquet followed by sucking out the poison, but they are generally ineffective if not done immediately and can make things worse. And yes, fewer deaths from accident and disease have made a large positive contribution to life expectancy.
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what is happening to this ingot of tin to cause the ringing sound?
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Like every material the metal changes its size due to the temperature change. Because the temperature does not change evenly parts of the metal ingot change more than others tension builds up. It seems that this tensions leads to a point where internal cracks form, and and this motion lets parts of the metal vibrate. A way to find out what happens exactly would be to tap the metal ingot and listen to the resulting sound and then examining a cross cut of the ingot under a microscope to look for features where the ingot is not solid, but has parts that can vibrate freely.
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What is that deep, almost primal feeling of wonder, longing, and even sense of place we get when we see pictures of open landscapes or the natural vastness and beauty of earth?
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It's probable that it's a remnant from our evolution. Ancient humans who felt the same wonder and attraction to lush, fruitful landscapes simply were more fit to survive, and passed that 'instinct' to further generations who also were more fit because of it. Compare it to an attraction to barren, dead landscapes. Ancient humans who were attracted to homes there may have struggled to find food and sustenance compared to humans drawn to life, fresh water, and greenery
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What is happening when you mentally picture (for lack of a better term) a person or scene from your memory?
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The only comment here was removed, disappointing. The best explanation I can give is that we simply don't fully understand how the brain works yet to provide a solid answer. It's common that we can not only remember faces and places in this way, but we can play a song in our head and hear it even though we aren't actually hearing it, we can even change it a little, and this subconscious audio sometimes even plays off of real ambient noise like an air conditioner. Smells are a little harder but they're also linked to taste. However, the why of all this is most likely unexplainable at this time. In a physical sense, neurons are firing from long term memory into conscious thought or recall. There's chemical and neuroelectrical reactions going on. An imagined scenario, like a guitar player imagining he's on stage for a million people, is probably more complex a process but likely conforms to a similar pattern. Again though, what is actually happening when you conjure mental images and sounds isn't completely known. Sorry I couldn't provide a more in-depth answer.
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How do people shave in prison?
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And before disposable razors were invented, prisoners used locking safety razors like [this]. The guards would put in the blade and use the cylinder on the right to tighten the razor togetherInmates are given disposable razors for shaving. The blades are tiny but sometimes can be fashioned into weapons. Anyone who abuses the privilege of getting razors suddenly will find that privilege revokedpeople in close security facilities in my state arent allowed to have disposable razors they are considered contraband and are prohibited because of suicide attempts and non-suicidal self injury. inmates are allowed to have certain kinds of electric razors, or have inmate barbers do "clipper shaves" source: i was an inmate in a close security state prison for quite a whileDependss on the correctional facility what security level the inmates are at ect. Most are allowed a disposable razors but again it depends on the correctional facility there is no blanket rule for them, some institutions also have other inmates with clippers shave them.
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What is stopping commercial planes from being drone-piloted?
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There are two main reasons: 1) For emergencies. Automatics can handle every routine task on an aeroplane. They can even handle a selection of emergencies that the designer thought to take into account. But when things go off-script, automatics don't know what to do. Think about the double engine failure in New York that resulted in the aircraft landing in the Hudson with no injuries or fatalities - there's no way that any automatic system could possibly have assessed all the options, and decided that the Hudson was the best place to be. 2) Because passengers wouldn't want it. Talking about emergencies is all very good. But the fact is that emergencies are very rare, and human error occurs in aviation, and causes far more accidents than are caused by technical problems. There really is very little technical reason why pilotless aircraft couldn't be operating on commercial flights already. But most passengers would be really, really uneasy about this. Airlines know this, which is why airlines are not pushing for pilotless commercial flight.
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Why does climbing a tree, or a ladder, or any steep height seem fine going up, but much more scary coming down?
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* you can see where you are going and what you are doing better going up that down* if you run into a problem going up, all you have to is let gravity bring you back to where you just were going down, you have to overcome gravity if you change your mind and want to go back to a safe spot
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why do some products in stores have a "if found at another retailer, please call...." sticker on them?
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Generally, they are to discourage you from buying something from Retailer A and then turning around and reselling it through Retailer B for more money. For example, buying some stuff from Walmart during a crazy sale and re-selling it on Amazon later for a profit. This has some info: _URL_0_
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If I have an understanding of law, why can't I practice it without having a law degree (US)?
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If someone hires you to be their lawyer, they're hiring you because they don't know or understand the law. Since they don't know or understand the law, they don't really have any way of evaluating whether or not you know the law. They just have to take your word for it. This would make it very easy to fool anyone about how skilled you are at being a lawyer and the person who hired to fake lawyer would be screwed by the time they found out. In order to make sure that people know they're getting a lawyer of at least a minimum competency, you have to be admitted to the bar to represent someone else. Since you have to prove you at least know a good amount of law to join the bar, everyone who is a member is assumed competent to represent someone else. This is pretty much the reason for all professional licensing - most people don't know enough about certain areas to be able to tell whether a professional they're hiring is competent or not. If it were easy to tell, then the topic would probably be much simpler and there wouldn't be a need to hire a professional. A regulatory body can license people as a way to guarantee to the public that people who are licensed actually know what they're talking about. Take a doctor, for example. If a doctor runs tests on you and tells you that you need an expensive surgery, you probably don't have the knowledge to say whether the doctor is correct or not. You could get a second opinion, but that involves hiring another doctor. You probably trust the doctor, though, because they've been licensed and vetted by other doctors. It's also worth noting that you can always represent yourself. You can also technically practice law without having a degree - you just have to a member of the bar. A few states let you join the bar without a degree, though usually you have to apprentice at a law firm first. But that's a holdover from earlier times and is rare to see these days.
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Are their more Android vulnerabilities nowadays or are we just hearing about them more?
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There will always be vulnerabilities in software, but like Windows, Android is the biggest target, so it will probably get the most publicity. However, like Windows, there are some cut corners in order to get that install base IMO, and it's a bit worse now with the tie-ins with carriers and OEMs. I'm a bit concerned though, as a Google services/Nexus 5 owner, how much does Google really care about their own security. They don't shy away from throwing stones at other companies, primarily MS, but they don't seem to take security as serious with Android, as Apple does with iOS, eg the recent Stagefright patch that doesn't work.
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How do bookies at an event keep track of wagers when everyone's shouting at them and handing them money?
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It's overly dramatized in movies. You can't actually just shout at a bookie and throw them money and expect your bet to be recorded.
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What's the difference between 2$ HDMI cables and 50$ HDMI cables?
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You being ripped off. If an HDMI cable works it works. There is no difference in quality from a $2 one to a $50 one. At best the price difference may mean they used a higher quality material to make them and they will last longer under heavy use.Absolutely nothing. Buying those 'brandedgold plated', HDMI cables are pointless. An HDMI signal, being digital either works or doesn't. If the HDMI cable you want to buy for cheap works, get it. The only real difference I saw between a cheap $5 one vs a $40 one was the cable of the more expensive one was slightly more flexible. Other than that nothing at all.[$50? A true audio/videophile scoffs at such a trivial cost.] /sarcasm', "Cables come in various quality: wire gauge, shielding, gold plated contacts etc. Those are all features that vary in quality and price. The better these features, the less signal distortion you'll get. So there *is* a difference. However, reducing distortion is mostly useful for analog signal, such as between an amplifier and speakers. But HDMI carries a digital signal, which doesn't care about distortion unless it's so distorted that it's unreadable. What this means is: digital is zeroes and ones. A digital signal has special waveforms for zeroes and ones. If the waveform is slightly distorted but still identifiable as a zero or a one, the distortion doesn't matter, the info is flawless. This means a better HDMI cable won't improve image quality. If your TV picture looks fine, a better HDMI cable won't do a thing. It's only if you have signal problems that the cable might be the culprit and a better cable might help, but this only occurs in uncommon conditions such as a very long cable, or a source of interference nearby.
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Why so many police officers accused of crimes either get light sentences or have their charges dropped entirely, and how this relates to police unions.
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Often times its the jury that deals with this situation Once the evidence is presented it's usually not the officers fault. A shaky video comes out of a police officer shooting a subject. Then during court you learn that the subject was on hallucinogens and waving a gun earlier. You hear from 35 witnesses about the situation and what really went down. You hear from medical experts on what the hallucinogen could cause and the dangers of it with someone with a gun. You hear from gun experts and the police testimonies involved. All of which without the history of anyone involved so you don't create any mental biases. In most cases it isn't the police officer's fault. Many cases police officers get it rough. I have one case saved, I can grab it later. Of a guy getting his license out of his car and getting shot, he dropped to the floor and asked the police officer why he got shot and he said "I thought you were getting a gun." That police officer ended up with 20 years in prison, thats more than an attempted murderer will get in many cases. So sometimes police, when it is actually their fault, will get it much more harsh than a regular person. edit: _URL_0_ Also know jury doesn't decide punishment, but they are given certain charges to determine guilt. In the case with police they may be given 5 different types of murder charges to decide which one it is. With the lowest being no punishment and the highest being 25 to life. But those punishments are still determined by the judge and the jury only gets to determine the charge's accuracy.Easy. Half the shit you hear via media outlets are farce and have little to no merit. They don't report facts and they immediately jump to conclusions to fit the narrative in order to gain viewers. The Michael Brown case is a prime example.
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How do we determine how "large" (in bytes) a genome is?
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In genetics, Mb doesn't mean megabytes, it means megabases. DNA is formed as a sequence of bases , and that's the unit of size that they use, so the sunfish has a genome that's about 730 million bases long.
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Why does Tea and Coffee taste bad when it's watered down, even though they're mostly water?
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Coffee and tea are a specific ratio of water to "stuff;" the stuff is the oils and other chemicals from the coffee beans or tea leaves. So when you brew a cup of tea, the box of tea will tell you "Steep this tea bag in X water for Y minutes." That's like a recipe - it makes sure there's the right amount of stuff vs. water. Pouring extra water in there messes up that ratio, and it tastes worse. Just like if you put too much flour in a cake or too much water in a soup.
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The link between allergy medicine and dementia.
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It probably is a true link, however this study looked at older populations, who are at higher risk of Alzheimer's than younger patients. Alzheimer's disease is associated with degeneration of the basal nucleus of meynert in the brain, which provides cholinergic input to a certain part of the basal nuclei that are involved in memory and emotion. The thought is that an anticholinergic agent may expedite this process, but it is likely that it would only happen if you are older. If you're any age under 60, I wouldn't worry about it. This is similar to the link between ibuprofen and other NSAIDS and peptic ulcers. If you don't use NSAIDs chronically, or if you don't have a predisposition to peptic ulcers, they're fine to use. However, if you have problems with that, you need to find an alternative source. If you're concerned about it, I would recommend switching to an H1 receptor blocker or to a low dose corticosteroid . These medications are not anticholinergics, and work through a different mechanism.This is a science press story on an article in JAMA Neurology, the led publication in the neurology field. This is almost certainly legitimate scientific research. There have been other studies on anticholinergic drugs, and they do have potential to cause problems in older populations. Most prior studies indicated they drugs lingered longer than in younger patients reducing glucose and making them report feeling "foggy", potentially making this dementia concern greater. Your term "cause dementia" is probably too strong. If you're getting close to retirement with a family history of dementia, you might to try hard to get allergy drugs based on other mechanisms. I 'd look at ah H1-blocker .
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Why am I tired all day long, every day of my life, but as soon as 8pm roles around I feel like a frat boy with an eight-ball and a keg of Naty Ice.
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It could be something simple as your daily routine. What time do you wake up? What do you do for a living? Are you active and do you work out? How many hours of sleep do you get a night? Or it could be an actually disorder: _URL_0_ Basically, it could be a number of things. If you're really concerned however, I advise you go see a doctor. They might be able to help you out better. I know that's really not the answer you may have wanted, but trust me, do not self diagnose yourself with conditions.
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Why do aquatic mammals swim with their fins moving up and down, but fishes swim with their fins moving side to side?
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The most basic reasoning would be bone structure. An aquatic mammal still has bones in the same general shape as ours, meaning that their shoulders work a lot like ours do. Up and down and using them as rudders works well with the bone structure. Its the same with penguins. Fish also share a common bone structure with us, but it is so far removed from terrestrial animals that its barely recognizable. Fish limbs are the original limbs for swimming. They then evolved for walking on land, then in the case of aquatic mammals or birds, re-evolved for ocean life.
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What is the clear fluid that fills a bilster (from heat or pressure) and what is it's purpose?
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It's usually plasma, which is the liquid part of blood that the red and white cells are suspended in. It helps the healing process of the underlying damaged skin.
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What is Black Body radiation and how does it work?
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Everything that has a temperature will self-radiate by the emission of electromagnetic waves, e.g. light. The name "black body" radiation comes from the idea that if you have a perfect absorber, a body that absorbs 100% of all light in the entire spectrum that hits it , the said body will emit light not by reflecting incoming light but by spontaneous emission. This emitted light is referred to as "black body radiation".
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Why does it take so long for finger/toenail fungus to be cured and go away?
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Nail beds are moist, warm, and dark. Fungi must like this. It's a very good growing medium for fungi?
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What is SegWit? What are its advantages and disadvantages?
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Segregated Witness was an update deployed recently on Bitcoin and a few other cryptocurrencies. Without getting into the nitty gritty details, it fixes a bug known as transaction malleability, which prevented doing some things with bitcoin such as payment channels. Along the way, it also somewhat accidentally allowed for a fix to decrease the amount of bytes that a transaction counts towards Bitcoin's blocksize limit, allowing for more transactions and less fees. This is all opt in, to opt in you need to use Segwit enabled wallet/address. This has no disadvantages aside from it breaking a certain Bitcoin mining "cheat" called asicboost which affects very few people.
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How do wet dreams cause one to cum if there is no sexual pleasure in reality?
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Sexual pleasure is mostly in the mind. Your dreams are fully capable of providing that. What little contact is needed for wet dreams is provided by your underwear/other clothing, sheets, or actually masturbating in your sleep.
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How do criminals get away when being interviewed in documentaries on National Geographic and such?
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The police cannot assume what is on "TV" is true. Neither should you. It could easily be staged or scripted. In order to become evidence, a man or woman would have to testify in court that everything on the video is true. That would make the film makers job very difficult in the future, so you can imagine they aren't running to court to testify.
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How is medical marijuana legally distributed?
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Marijuana is prohibited under federal law, but state law is an entirely different matter. If a state allows the prescribed use and regulated sale of marijuana, then it is not a crime in the eyes of any state official. Federal law enforcement agencies, however, are able to enforce federal anti-drug laws, but they mostly have the courtesy to allow regulated medical marijuana dispensaries to operate. Of course, it varies greatly based on location and local laws/federal agency policy. About the doctors' licensing, marijuana has known medical benefits, and it's prescription as an alternative form of medication is valid.
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Whats the differences between 'Lieutenant' and 'Leftenant'?
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No difference; the former is the American/Canadian pronunciation while the other is found more in Britain and its former colonies. They're both spelled "Lieutenant."
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How does glass become sea-glass?
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It becomes smooth after 20-50 years of being tumbled by waves and tides, in contact with abrasive saltwater and rough sand. It's possible because sand is of similar hardness to glass , the sand is able to wear away the glass. "Fake" sea glass is fairly easy to make in much less time. Usually glass is placed in a rock tumbler or treated with acid to produce the smooth edges and frosted appearance.
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How does something go from nothing to a brain?
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If you want to make a brain from scratch, you must first invent the universeWell, start with nothing. Mathematically we represent nothing with the number zero. 0 Now, in mathematics we can also represent this as something combined with its negation. 1 - 1 = 0. This happens in physics as well, and it was described by Heisenberg as the Uncertainty Principle. One of the representations of this is: dE * dt = k This means that a change in energy can occur so long as it is inversely proportional to an amount of time. So in physics small elementary particles can spontaneously pop into existence and immediately annihilate themselves. The bigger the amount of energy, the shorter the amount of time. e- + e+ = 0 Unless the universe cheats just a tiny bit. At the event horizon of a black hole, occasionally this will occur, producing a particle-antiparticle pair right at the edge with just the right wavelength to be emitted by the black hole. So when conditions are correct, a black hole will start glowing. Now. Consider the idea of absolute nothing, no space, no time, no matter, no energy. But this principle still applies. Universe + AntiUniverse = 0. Except expansion took place, forcing the nascent cosmos apart at superluminal speed. < -Universe Antiuniverse - > Now these universes can expand and due to their superluminal separation, they cannot come in contact to annihilate, even as they expand to infinity. Something, from nothing. tl;dr: Nothing is not permanent, it can explode. Warning: Take with a sodium chaser, this is a bit of a stretch in some ways.
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Quantum physics grad student Ben Ames, wins Alan Alda's 'The Flame Challenge' by most effectively communicating the complexity of a flame to children in his animated video.
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> First, we need something big and black like oh no > this pitchfork OhI have been asking every science, chemistry, and physics teacher and or professor this same question for 22 years. Now I have an answerI loved this! Very informative. Though Beard-Torso kinda weirded me outHuh . I never really got that before, especially the bit about the yellow part of the flame being soot particles incandescing. Fascinating.Why does the old guy have to be naked? Isn't this supposed to be for kids?", 'And gas stove flames are only blue. That makes so much sense now. AmazingAs an electrical engineer who only took a couple courses in Gen. Chem. in college This taught me too many new things. Excellent videoThe narration is very Guybrush Threepwood. I like it a lot!Give this guy a TV show and my money', "Just thinking how weird it would be if you were burning in a fire, and your mind started to distract you from reality by playing a cute little cartoon like the one from this movie to you. Not sure on the validity of the claim but I read torture victims sometimes live in fantasy worlds that they can't differentiate from the real one to distract them from reality .That would be a pretty creepy Kafkaesque experience. Instead of the guy releasing him from his imprisonment he just teaches him the science behind what will presumably kill him. I feel bad for the old guy.This was incredibly and wonderfully " Bill Nye -esq " to me. I love itHey, I was at this. I was a presenter at the Cool Jobs program that followed the Flame Challenge. I got to meet Alan Alda and Ben as well.I would like to know why this isn't the focus of more government funding of science education?
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What exactly am I paying domain registrars for?
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There are some administrative that need to be paid for . But mainly there needs to be some fee involved otherwise there's nothing stopping people from registering millions of domains, just for fun.the machines of other people go to them to find out where your website lives. you tell them your address on the internet and it's like when people ask them where is the Trump Tower, these guys tell the visitors that it's "725 Fifth Avenue at 56th Street" specifically.When you buy a domain name, you are paying for registry into international DNS databases. This server is what your computer talks to to figure out what your domain name really means - i.e. which web server is hosting the content on your site. It maps your domain name to the IP addresses of your web host's servers. You basically NEED to be on the DNS list, otherwise no one is going to be able to get to your site using your domain name - unless they are using a custom DNS server but that's pretty niche and I am guessing you want your site to be accessible to the broader internet.
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What does it look like when a hacker gains remote access to a computer? Is it literally just a mirror of the victim's desktop?
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It depends. Computers can only do one thing - run programs. And "program" is just data and some calculations applied to it. So when someone says "hacker gained access to a computer" it means that hacker is either able to access data on that computer or is able to run programs there. Or both. In many cases hackers only need data, like your photos, or credit card numbers. In this case it's enough for them to simply have a console where they could type something meaning "copy that data from victim's to my computer". However, also in many cases, in order to get access to data, hacker would need some program to be run on your computer. Which could be planted via viruses, trojans and other type of malware.Now this program may be as simple as something capturing all your key presses and sending them to the hacker, or as complicated as actual Remote Desktop . In most cases Remote Desktop capabilities are not needed , and since it's a more complicated thing to set up, it's a waste of hacker's time, so they don't use it .
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Why is it so hard to clean up radioactive waste like Chernobyl? Why hasn't it disappeared on it's own after such a long time?
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Cockroaches can withstand higher levels of radiation because they lack soft tissues, which are the most vulnerable to radiation poisoningThe radioactive material used to fuel reactors decays at a half life rate that is close to 20,000 years. So after 20k years half of the material that was there will be left, but the entire time, it will be emitting radiation into the surrounding areasMaybe someday it will be possible with radioactive feeding fungi.
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Why does no one like Internet Explorer?
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Internet explorer must be loved in some circumstances. It is the world's most popular browser for downloading Firefox and Chrome. So remember, everything has its uses.
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Regarding the 2020 Olympics, how will Olympic Karate look different from Olympic TKD?
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It's like boxing vs. kickboxing. They are similar, but one allows kicks and the other doesn't. It's a small change, but it completely changes the strategy. Muhammed Ali was one of the best boxers of all time, but I don't think he would have been a very good kickboxer. The same applies to Taekwondo and Karate. Taekwondo focus on kicking so fighters stand slightly farther apart and try to jump and kick the other person in the head. Kicking gives more points, and it's harder to effectively land a punch. So Taekwondo uses hands as a backup if they happen to get close and need to space back out. Karate focuses more on punches, chops, and strikes. The fighter stand closer together and use their legs as more of a back up. You could say that these are still pretty similar, but the little differences matter. Sprinting 100M is very similar to sprinting 400M, but most runners don't do both.
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What is the feeling of grogginess and why do we experience it?
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Hi ! Before I explain this, you need to understand that there is **a lot** that we do not understand about the brain and all the molecules involved yet.The molecule involved here is **Adenosine**. You can find it in all the body, but the part that answers your question is its work **in the brain**. So Adenosine has **receptors** in the brain which when they "receive" Adenosine, it inhibits the **central nervous system** . The CNS is what **integrates** all information coming from the body and **coordinates** the nervous activity. So like you are 5 : More Adenosine in the brain means more grogginess. The cause for **morning grogginess** is the built-up of Adenosine in the brain during NREM sleep. Point of interest : research proved that caffeine works on Adenosine receptors in the brain and inhibits Adenosine itself, hence the "awake" feeling. Adenosine also works on the lungs, the heart, interacts with drugs. It's also involved in the Blood-Brain Barrier and research is made to see if there is not a connection with brain disease's like Alzeihmer or Parkinson or Brain cancer. Look it up if you are interested.I'm no scientist, but I believe what you're referencing is that 2:30 feeling. To my knowledge, the only known cure is 5 Hour Energy.
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If you had a stick one lightyear long, would the kinetic energy transfer faster than the speed of light if you poked something?
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No. The stick would not move all at once; your push would propagate down the stick at the speed of sound in whatever the stick is made out of.
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Why can't we use Micro SD cards (or the technology it uses) to create ultra small - high capacity hard drives?
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We essentially already do. They're called solid state disks. They can be a number of form factors but 2.5" is the standard because that's what size laptop hard drives are.Micro SD cards are already those ultra-small, high-capacity drives you're talking about. the reason SSD drives are still so expensive is that they have to be able to access and move data at speeds an order of magnitude higher than the SD cards. that need for higher speed means they have to be designed differently, but the way they actually store the data is exactly the same.We do, the problem comes when trying to make these drives cost-effective when you compare them to "normal" hard drives . "Normal" hard drives are much less p/GB then SSD's.
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Turning on/off double vision?
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I found out I have double vision because I have a retinal tear behind my one eye. It causes it to lag and I have slightly a dropped eyelid as well due to it. I really would go to your optometrist as soon as you can. Anything to do with vision is VERY important and will not go away by itself!', "What does your opthamologist say? S/he will provide crucial info. Plz don't be like me and put off going to the MD bc of hassle, etc.The cost of avoidance is HUGE", 'I have myasthenia gravis, and one of the first symptoms is double vision. Myasthenia gravis means "grave muscle weakness". The muscles behind the eye, that anchor them in place and help movement, get fatigued in my case. The double vision occurs because the muscle is weak, and the eyes aren't operating on the same plane. Sometimes the blurry image is vertical, sometimes it is horizontal. It all completely depends on which muscles are the weakest at any given moment. Sometimes, I can blink the double vision away, if that makes sense. But I have to make an effort to see singularly. As soon as I relax my gaze, the double vision usually returns.I experience something similar when focusing on objects at certain distances, or when my eyes get tired. If you look in a mirror while doing it i see one eye drifts inward. Doctors say my vision is fine, my eyes just don't work well together then told me to look up some eye exercises, but i forgot the name and never did it.
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If we're in the first world, and places like rural African countries are the third world, what and where is the second world?
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It's an archaic system because the Cold War is over. It used to be: First World: Capitalist powers Second World: Communist powers Third World: Everybody else So, back in the day, the USSR was the "second world." I guess you could still say that China is "second world," but I 've never heard anybody say that. It's now generally preferred to use developed, developing, and undeveloped, because it makes more senseIf I'm not mistaken, the original meaning of "First world nation" referred to the United States and any country that officially supported the U.S., whereas "Second world nation" referred to the Soviet Union and any country that officially supported the Soviet Union. "Third world" referred to any nation that had no official position of support towards either nation. These were terms of the Cold War. From what I 've noticed, people now use the terms "first world" and "third world" to describe the wealth of a country and its inhabitants.
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What do we benefit from keep near extinction animals around? Should we just let them go extinct? (not a popular opinion I know, more of a description in comments)
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There are two basic arguments. First, the moral one. We are morally obligated to protect animals that we had a hand in taking to the brink of extinction. Second, the utilitarian one. We can possibly learn something from ecosystems with intact species that could help us later. If we alter the ecosystem to much it could come back to hurt us later in ways that we don't expect. Here's a good thread that goes over this topic in more detail: _URL_0_
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Why does every car have a different type of battery when every car takes a 12-Volt battery?
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different sizes. the bigger the engine, the bigger the amperage is needed for the electric starter motor to turn the engine. the bigger the amp requirement, the bigger battery you need. bigger batteries also happen to be more expensive and more heavy. so you use the size battery that most appropriately matches your engine starting needsCars with large engines, think V8, require larger starters which require larger cold cranking current supplied by larger batteries. Small four cylinder engines can start with smaller starters which only need small batteries to start the engine. Small batteries are cheaper. People who buy small cars want to pay lessMany diesel trucks even have two batteries, one for starting and one for all other 12 volt systems.
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Why do universities make tests too hard and then curve the grades?
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So they know where everyone is. If someone gets a 100 then you know they're good on the subject, but not how good. The tests are used to check progress, so they make the upper end redicleously high so they can track everyone's improvement.
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Why are there different styles of wall plugs around the world?
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For the same reason there isn't an international language, we've just not been culturally connected for long enough to develop a standard. Slightly off-topic: The Danish one is my favourite, because its so happy ●‿●", 'I think mostly this is just cultural differences emerging in an area that has not been internationally coordinated. however, there are a couple of possible economic and technical reasons for this as well. From a technical perspective, it is desirable to prevent appliances manufactured outside of the country from being plugged in to your walls because you cannot guarantee that it will be safe. Each country has an electric grid that might operate slightly different. For example, in the U.S. the electric grid operates at 120 volts and 60hz, whereas in the United Kingdom the electric grid operates at 230 volts and 50hz. Some devices might be able to run safely on either grid, but other devices might not operate safely on both. It makes sense for appliance manufacturers to design their devices with a particular grid in mind. It also then makes sense for wall sockets to be designed to work only with domestic appliances that have been designed for this grid. From an economic perspective, this is a way of reducing competition from foreign manufacturers. The foreign manufacturer would have to incur the additional costs of adapting their products for a foreign market. This would make their products less competitive on price than equivalent domestic products, in effect creating a sort of protectionism in favor of domestic products.
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Why is it that (historically) Christians have largely persecuted Jewish people despite Jesus being Jewish?
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1) Primarily because they are outsiders to the local social structure. They are not native to the region and so are suspect. It is the same reason Gypsies are persecuted. 2) Religiously Jews rejected Christ and killed him. As such they are evil to the mind of many Medieval Christians. Edit 3) Christians were not allowed to charge interest on loans given. Which basically means they were not allowed to be bankers. So Jews took up this role. People tend to not like people that they owe money to. But the majority of the reason is them being an outsider.
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Why does the U.S not have massive military parades like Russia and China?
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Im a former US Marine all I can say is Thank you to my battalion commander/regiment/division/etc. for never having me do any bullshit like that. Fuck drill.Taking a look at [this] askhistory thread on the topic, it seems like we *did* have military parades, but we tended to have them during wars earlier in history. There were military parades during WWI, WWII, and the Spanish American war. To add my two cents, I think that, despite our powerful military, we're not a terribly militaristic society. Proportional to the size of our economy and our population, the US doesn't have a particularly big army. The US doesn't honor its military heroes to *nearly* the extent it honors its non-military heroes. We tend to think of our greatest accomplishments being our institutions rather than our success militarily.
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Why do movies and shows have to blur out or block out company names on products?
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In addition to product placement fees, there's also the reverse that if it isn't blocked out and the product is featured and doesnt like it, then they could always sue.
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Why is it that when people bald, they bald on the top of their head?
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This is called pattern hair loss . Different hair follicles have different structure, and react differently to a chemical the body produces called DHT. The hair follicles at the top of the head will gradually go dormant due to the effects of DHT, but the hair at the side of the head is barely affected by it. For most people , this means that they will go bald on the top of their head first. There are actually a few patterns, based on the individual's genetics. Some people will go bald towards the top-back of their head first, giving them the classic "bald spot". Another common pattern is for the hairline to recede from the from to the back.
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What are prions? Can animals die from prion disease?
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Yes, non-human animals can have prions. Basically, a prion is a protein that has been folded in such a way that it not only doesn't perform its function, but reacts with versions of the same protein that are folded correctly, in such a way that they fold in the same way as the prion and so obtain the prion's properties, reacting with more proteins. This keeps going and eventually the amount of proteins that have been converted to the prion add up to the point where you have all kinds of symptoms , and eventually death. In order for one animal to catch a prion from another, regardless of species, it has to consume the nervous tissue of that animal. I'm not sure why, but all prions that we know of primarily attack the nervous system.A prion is a native protein found in mammals . Normally it has a certain structure/shape and doesn’t cause disease but the misfolded version of the prion protein catalyses the transformation of native prion protein to misfolded, which leads in turn to disease. Animals can indeed die from prion disease - eg. Scrapie and BSE - and the disease is transmissible between species. Consuming the misfolded protein can lead to development of variant CJD but infectivity is believed to be relatively low in that quite a large amount of PrP-Sc would need to be consumed to be likely to develop the disease.
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Why isn't museum art featuring cherubs/naked babies classified as child pornography?
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For the same reason that [this google search] is not classified as CP: there is no sexual innuendo involved. Also asked before so please search next time.For the same reason that museum pieces involving naked adults aren't classified as pornography. They're just depictions of the naked body, not intended to titillate.Pornography has to apply to the prurient interest only, with no artistic, scientific, or educational merit to it. Items in a museum certainly qualify as artistic.
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What happens if the president won the election due to foreign intervention?
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Russia parties down and said president gets closer to his claimed level of wealth. Meanwhile the other two branches of our government being controlled by republicans means everyone gets away scott free.The USA does not have a good mechanism in place for handling the case where the Presidential election's outcome is questionable. If the situation clearly showed that the outcome was reversed by fraud, then the outcome could be corrected by action of the Supreme Court. But this isn't such a case. So frankly no one knows if anything could be done.
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What exactly is work ethic?
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When someone shows up to work on time and does their job as expected without complaining or causing problems or slacking off and being lazy they are considered to have good work ethic. Also if they are willing to go beyond their job duties and help other workers out or are willing to do other jobs that their boss asks them to do.
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Why/how do our stomachs "grumble"?
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Your intestines grumble. The reason is because when you are hungry, there's less solid/semi-solid material in there, more gas and fluid. The muscles lining them move, both to stir up the mixture of food and goop moving through you, and to move it along the 'path' to the back door. When it's mostly gas and liquid, it makes more noise as it is squeezed by those muscles, the material is gurgling around.i know mine grumbles because i ate one of those n64 rumble packs when i was 9. now whenever anything happens it goes off and vibrates the hell out of my stomachThis question concerns one of the more frequently asked topics on ELI5, so it has been removed. Try the searchbar!
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What are the connections between The Theory of Relativity and The String Theory?
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This is not really something that we can ELY5 because it's the million dollar question that the scientific community has been unable to figure out. Not specifically String Theory, instead more broadly: Quantum Theory. The scientific community knows they both work, but how they fit together is still unknown. String Theory goes further than quantum theory, but it's worth mentioning that String Theory is a misnomer and is not actually a scientific theory. Requirement criteria for a theory: - Must contain an explanation of a natural phenomenon.- Must be falsifiable, but not have been falsified.- Must stand up to repeated testing.- Must be backed by many strands of independent evidence.- Must make successful predictions. String "Theory" does not meet 4 of those 5 requirements. As of now String Theory is just a mathematical concept. The math looks great, but there has been no confirmation, as of yet, that it is anything more than beautiful math.
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What limits how quickly a battery can charge? Why can't you provide it with an excessive current to charge a phone battery faster?
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Batteries are chemical storage device. The transition between electrical energy and chemical state takes time. Extra energy is dissipated as heat. Too much heat and you compromise the cell container and/or the electrolyte. With lithium interacting with atmosphere, it catches fire and goes boom. You don't want that.
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how come we usually blur out license plates in photos but not when they're vanity plates?
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Because they're often the subject of the photo. There's no point to a picture of a vanity plate that blurred out.
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why do we mow lawns?
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Well the concept of a lawn was to improve visibility so enemies couldn't sneak up close. Then it was used for grazing. Then we decided that it was a status symbol to have a large well manicured lawn.
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Why do some institutions know my new address, while others don't?
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Organizations can subscribe to the National Change of Address registry and be notified of address changes for people on their lists. There is a cost involved with this service. Some organizations are willing to pay to ensure they have an accurate mailing list, and others rely on the people on the list to update their addresses with them.
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Where are all the baby pigeons?
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Our city pigeons are actually a form of [Rock Dove] and they build their nests on places on our buildings which are most like cliffs and rock ledges. And the chicks stay in the nests until they're ready to fly but before that they're really [ugly buggers].
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Why do our eyes adjust to bright light quickly but take a while to adjust to the dark?
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Your cones can fully adjust in only a few minutes. Your rods take much longer, 30+ minutes for just 80% adaptation. Your cones play some part in looking in the dark, so it doesn't take 30 minutes to start adjusting to the dark, but full dark adaptation can take hours.
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Why does hair grow strangely in Moles?
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Moles are a type of tumour. Tumours are formed when cells cannot regulate their growth and split much too often, and grow too large. In tumours like moles, this usually doesn't cause problems, like cancerous tumours do. But to get back to your question, the hairs growing out of the tumour are subject to the same factors that make the skin cells grow out of control.
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Why are eastbound flights faster than westbound flights?
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As you suspected, it is because of the winds, specifically the [jet stream], which mostly flows from west to east. The rotation of the earth makes no difference, because the atmosphere in which aircraft fly rotates with the earth. If the rotation of the earth did make a difference, logically you'd expect the opposite effect - as the surface of the earth moves to the east, the aircraft, you might think, would move to the west relative to the earth's surface. But this isn't what happens at all.It's mainly wind/the jet stream. When you are traveling east, because of the jetstream air currents, your plane can benefit from a "tailwind," and jetstream tailwinds can be 100 miles an hour or more. When you're flying west, your plane has to fight that wind as a "headwind." In the northern hemisphere of Earth, the jetstream usually crosses North America/Europe/Asia, pretty predictably, so planes have used it to save fuel and time since the 1950s.
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All of our muscles get tired and we have to let them rest. Why doesn't our heart have to rest?
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_URL_0_ One answer is that the “cardiac” muscle that comprises the heart is of a different kind than the “skeletal” muscle comprising the hand. Skeletal muscles are attached to bone structures and cannot stay long in a flexed position without depleting their energy reserves. Those energy reserves come from mitochondria: structures inside the cells that use the energy taken in from food. Thus the more mitochondria it has, the greater the available energy for the muscle. Because it has not been necessary in the course of evolution for humans to be able to flex our skeletal muscles for prolonged periods of time, the total volume of skeletal muscle contains an average of only 1 to 2% mitochondria. This is an entirely sufficient energy source for such intermittent muscular tasks as walking or running. The total volume of the heart, by contrast, is between 30 and 35% mitochondria. That massive amount of energy-generators means cardiac muscle, in a healthy state, need never rest: there is always some energy being transferred to the muscle at the same time that more energy is being derived from caloric intake. And always just in time for that next beatIt does It just takes 80 years o work before cashing in on the vacation daysThe heart actually does rest. When looking at an ECG, the ventricles contract which appears as a QRS complex. This typically lasts under .12 seconds. The heart goes into a recovery phase, and recharges the ventricles. This is seen as the T-wave. The rest portion occurs immediately after contraction, and lasts normally for about .32 seconds or less.
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Why do youtubers tend to ask for "likes" on their videos, when they get paid per view, and having an uninfluenced like counter could help them produce better content?
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More likes - > higher ratings - > more traffic.Agree with what has been said so far here, but another thing is that a lot of accounts have it to when they like or comment on a video then all of that channels' subscribers will see it on their homepage and might click on it.Also, Youtube looks at these types of things to decide what type of partnership you should have. Likes, average video views, subscribers, etcSome people might be more inclined to watch a video if it has more likes
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Why do movies use stunt doubles in simple situations like a car pulling into a spot or jogging?
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The first thing to remember, is that movies are rarely shot in order and such. Anytime you can use someone that is not a main actor to fulfill their role means that main actor can be shooting a different scene, even on the other side of the world. These helps the timeline and cost of making a movie. Second, stuntmen and such are very trained for these, they know how to make it go off without issue, and get it right the first time. They can knock this out in one take, safe, quick, and cheap. Thats exactly what you want when making a movie.Because body doubles aren't just used for stunts. Among other payments, actors get a 'day rate', a set amount of cash for each day they spend on set. So let's say I'm just shooting establishing shots, cars pulling up to buildings, a shot of the character's feet as he walks into a building. Well, I can either pay for Johnny Depp to turn up to the set that day and do a lot of shots that don't show his face or I can pay a no-name extra with similar height and build to take their place. Basically it's cheaper.
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Why do songs that we haven't heard in a long time randomly start playing in our heads?
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Our thoughts and memories are in a semantic node network. Meaning, each memory/thought/concept has it's own node , and they're all connected. If one node gets activated, then the activation threshold for connected nodes lowers, meaning it's easier for them to be activated and thus come to mind. For example, the "apple" node is connected to the nodes "red" and "fruit". So if I see an apple, I'm much more likely to think "red" or "fruit" after thinking "apple", because those are much closer to the apple node than a word like "tissue". So about the songs--song nodes can be connected to a lot of other nodes, be it because of lyrics, emotions we felt when listening to that song, childhood memories, etc. You probably saw/heard something that has a node closely connected to Frosty the Snowman, and activated it. This is an easy example--maybe you saw a picture of a snowman, or a picture of winter. Hope that made sense. Yay brains!', "The brain is an incredibly complex mess of neuron wiring. Sometimes certain memories get recalled for no apparent reason. It may be a result of crossed wiring or something subconsciously called it to the front of your mind. Once there, not only are you reminded of this memory which reinforces it, but the apparently randomness of this particular memory being recalled also plays on your mind, causing it to stick around. It's not limited to songs, basically any kind of memory can be recalled like this.
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When you pick up your luggage after landing from a flight, how do airports make sure that the right person is taking the right luggage, and not stealing someone else's?
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Airports don't check this -- they assume that it's been done correctly until they're told otherwise, until someone reports that their bag isn't there. That's the big reason why it's important to pick up your bag promptly after landing.
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Why do large, established companies like Coca-Cola outsource their branding to boutique firms?
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Advertising is something that is generally outsourced to companies who specialize in it. It is very specialized, they are the experts at it, and they are the ones who do it. Sometimes they will keep some of the analytics in house, but generally at a minimum the creative and such is outsourced to the "experts" of the analytics too!) Its very uncommon for large or even smaller companies to have their in-house advertising department, or at least one that could hold their own against a company who's business is advertising. But one last thing -- remember "advertising" is not the same as "marketing". And companies generally keep marketing completely inhouseI would like to add to u/PragmaticStatistic2's points by saying a lot of companies want a "fresh take" on a direction and so their in house staff is not Going to get paid to engage in experimentation because there's a lot more regular work to do. The boutique is asked to come up with a concept and then present their concepts. They come up with 3 or more ideas in a rough form and if the hiring agents like it, they move forward. Sometimes the boutiques hired are there simply for "ideas" and only make some style frames to hand off to another studio to work with in production. There is a LOT of pressure to come up with new ideas constantly. So if you're a young designer, know the field by absorbing as much design as you can so you know what's been done and are more likely to come up with something "outside the box."
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how bose noise cancellation work
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It doesn't deflect the noise, it literally cancels the noise out by playing the opposite noise through the headphones. Sound travels as a wave. If you play a sound 180 degrees out of phase , it effectively cancels out and creates silence. [This is a really simple graph showing the concept.]. If the blue wave is noise, and the red wave is what the headphones play, the yellow line is what we hear . Noise cancelling headphones have a microphone that picks up the ambient noise. With a simple audio processor, it reverses the phase and plays it back through the headphones, cancelling out the noise.
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How are firefighters able to determine what caused a fire even when the structure or forest is totally destroyed?
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For forest fires it is likely that the point of origin isn't as burned as the rest of the surrounding area since it wasn't as strong of a fire. The fire that was close to where I lived two years ago was thought the be the result of an illegal camp fire. They found the origin and found what was a small grassy clearing with some camping gear that wasn't completely burned along with pile of ashes nearby. There was unburned grass between the ashes as the partially burned tent which lead them to declare the camp fire as the source. Chances are that a small stick or ember fell out of the fire onto some dry gras and started a fire. By the time the fire was noticed by the campers it was probably too large for them to put out so they ran. The small patch of unburned grass could have been the result of either wetter grass or change in fire directions.
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How is Ishmael the father of arabs ?
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Well if you look at the Old Testament, Abraham had two sons: Ishmael and Isaac. Ishmael, though older, was born to Abraham's servant and as such was not able to inherit directly from Abraham. Abraham freed the servant and Ishmael, and he went on to father many children and became a prophet and the patriarch of Islam. He's not technically the father of Arabs, he's the father of Islam, the two just tend to go hand in hand
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Why do people shake when they get scared?
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Exteme emotions like fear and anger activate the bodies fight or flight response. The body shuts down systems like digestion and decreases blood flow to the extremities. This allows it to increases heart rate and blood flow to the heart and lungs. Also breathing rates increase to get more oxygen into the blood. Hormones like adrenaline are released also. This is a survival response that prepares us to fight harder or run faster to deal with a threat. Part of this process is physical shaking, it's a way to keep the muscles ready for split second action while it's waiting for the brains command to fight or run. This response is largely an automatic response outside our control, andnis just one of several defensive responses we all have.
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Verb forms and tenses (particularly French)
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Consider three English sentences. 1. I go to the store. 2. He goes to the store. 3. He went to the store. Now, all three of those have a differently shaped verb. Sentence 1 has "go", Sentence 2 has "goes" and Sentence 3 has "went". So those are three different verb forms. Tense shows what time the verb was performed in -- past, present, or future. Sentences 1 and 2 both use present tense. "I go" and "he goes" both tell a story about something happening RIGHT NOW . So you have two different verb forms, but only one tense . Sentences 2 and 3 take place at different times. "He goes" tells a story about something happening right now. "He went" tells a story about something happening yesterday. Here you have two verb form AND two tenses. With "imperfect past tense" -- the "past" part is a tense, because it tells when the verb took place . The "imperfect" part might change the verb form but it does not change the tense. It's its own thing . Hope that helps -- if not, feel free to ask more questions, this is my forte ;)
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There's an aweful lot of craters on the moon, would having a moon base up there be safe?
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The moon has no atmosphere or running water, so there's no erosion. The craters on the moon today are the result of basically every single impact over its entire history. Impacts are still comparatively rare.Craters have accumulated over millions of years and do not erode due to minimalistic erosion conditions. The moon does not benefit from same amount of atmospheric shielding as we do on earth, so there are occasionally meteroites/fast moving pebbles. A moon base, if ever constructed, would most likely ultilise one of the many/large old volcanic tunnel veins. The moon has various large tunnels systems left over from old lava flows, that would be highly suitable for inhabitants to build a fairly large moon base community around. Large amount of free space underground would be easily secured, hospitable, and safe from random high velocity space debris. It would also serve as a good base for geological survey and research of the moons crust/ possible volcanic activity.It wouldn't be much worse than any other base in space which doesn't have the protection of an atmosphere, such as the ISS. There are lots of craters on the moon, but they've been collecting over the course of a few billion years. Without wind and rain on the moon, craters don't wear away over time.
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why people make viruses?
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For a lot of them, to make money. For example, many kinds of viruses load a screen as soon as you boot up that says something to the end of "You did something bad your computer is locked .pay fine at this place to restore your computer" and users will "pay the fine" to get around it. Some virus authors are simply sociopaths who enjoy inconveniencing and hurting other people. And then the others are creating viruses irrevently .It's the thrill of knowing that it can be done. If it's not being used by criminals, it's by those who simply enjoy what a computer can do and simply push that.For fun and profit. **for fun**: people do the weirdest things for fame and because it's illegal. For me its somewhat like graffiti: It may be harmful to others, but it is visible and it is cool to be the one that did the "big thing" everybody talks about. It's also a challenge to write a good virus just like it is a challenge to climb to the craziest places and spraypaint your name there. **for profit**: 1. write trojan horse2. gather credit card info3. ???4. PROFIT!Norton makes them so you will buy his software to get rid of them.
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Why does starting task manager when my computer is frozen seem to unfreeze it?
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Task manager has top priority, so if any other program is hogging up the computer in an endless cycle you can force it to shut downContext: Task Manager is a program like any other program and as such is subject to the same resource limitations as any other program. However, because of the nature of the program Task Manager runs in what's called an "elevated user space." An elevated user space is a special way of running a program that allows special privileges. Explanation: there are two things that go into Task Manager being able to run when the computer appears "frozen." One: different user spaces have different process priority queues in the NT architecture. Task Manager is most likely one of the few programs in its queue, so it gets more processing time in its individual queue than the program that's one of many programs in the normal user space. Two: applications that aren't part of the system invoke parts of the kernel via an API layer, but Task Manager is part of the system. What this means is that Task Manager has direct access to system resources that eliminates the need for extra processing time and delays from making these API calls. Addendum: running Task Manager will not "unfreeze" a computer. It only seems to because it is allotted more processing time If a computer is truly locked up Task Manager will **not** start I like to think that my computer knows shit is about to go down, so it stops playing games with me and gets back to work', "Well, I can't say the same for my computer _URL_0_
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Why is beer not sold in plastic bottles?
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Glass has been used for centuries to contain alcoholic beverages because the glass does not react with whatever it contains - wine and whiskey do not age once bottled and sealed, for example. They've pulled bottles of wine out of shipwrecks on the ocean floor and they're still perfectly drinkable after decades of being underwater. Plastic bottles, on the other hand, tend to react with whatever they contain, and leech certain chemicals, such as bisphenol-A. Apart from the obvious health concerns, this would also affect the taste of the beer in question.
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