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Canned tuna. Why does it stay good for so long? Why is light tuna low in mercury?
So canned/pouch tuna goes through a retort process. Most times it is checked for histamine at the time it hits the facility. This is important because histamine can withstand the cooking process. Then it is often frozen till it is time to be processed, it is then thawed out and the actual process begins. Let's fast forward to the end and talk about the retort process. All tuna is put into a retort machine that controls the pressure and temperature of the product and gives it a 12-log reduction making it commercially stable.From my understanding, fish are lighter in mercury when they’re lower down on the food chain. For your ELI5, imagine a series of matryoshka dolls , the smaller one fitting inside the larger one going up and up, the largest one holding all the others. This is how mercury build up works. The small fish have a tiny amount from their environment, but the slightly larger fish gets all the mercury the smaller fish it ever ate had, and so on and so onI can guess about the Hg content.. light tuna comes from skipjack/yellow fin tuna. Which is a smaller fish than albacore tuna. A larger fish gets to ingest more Hg over its lifetime because they eat more and generally live lonnger because they are bigger also it is possible Hg is lipophillic? as white tuna has more fat than light tuna.Light tuna is usually skipjack tuna. This species is lower on the food chain and doesn’t consume food that is at risk of mercury unlike the larger Yellowfin and Bluefin Tunas.
How are humans able to correctly predict the strength needed and accurate trajectory of objects such as shooting a basketball or throwing a baseball?
we don't make any calculations. it's experience. that's why practice helps. so your first answer is pretty much spot on.
Why is GoPro so laudedwhen helmet cams and miniature, portable cameras have ben around for years?
This thread is a pretty good example of why GoPro is so big. Anyone that is eluding or saying that it is marketing, or ads, or celebrity sponsorship, and not necessarily that it's the best product but just publicized well, is being downvoted. . All the comments that are being upvoted are pretty much along the lines of, I'mma letchoo finish but GoPro is THE BEST CAMERA OF ALL TIME BRAH! So far from what I've read, anyone that has proclaimed they are the only cameras to do certain things or use certain technologies have yet to source that there aren't cameras that do this. TL;DR: Apply some critical thinking and this thread is pretty much your answer. People that own a GoPro or are likely to get one are upvoting unsourced claims of it being the best camera ever . Meanwhile people that ensue it's popularity/success is from different means are being downvoted.
Why do dogs and cats lean their head to the side when puzzled?
I've wondered this myself. My dog tilts his head whenever you ask him a question. I've even just said random sounds to him that don't make sense, but when I raise my pitch at the end of the sentence as if I'm asking a question, he tilts his head. What causes this?
Why do Asian tourists wear medical face masks?
For starters, it's common practice in Asia to cover your face when you're sick. Also, many of them are used to constantly wearing it back at their home because of high pollution levels, especially if they're from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and other highly polluted cities.
what is a pyramid scheme and how do I recognize one?
Someone I know kept trying to rope me into his pyramid scheme selling vitamins. I've done a lot of reading and have discussed the said vitamin company with other friends. Turns out that over 90% of their sales are to other members of the company . Anyway this guy pretty much forcing his parents and relatives to buy his vitamins too. I declined about 4 brunches with the dude before he got the idea .
Why are some people much more tolerant to spicy food than others?
I read something recently that suggested that some people don't taste as strongly as others, and these people are more likely to like spicy food, because they aren't as badly affected by it and it tastes less bland to them then other foods. It makes sense, animals that like to eat naturally spicy things like peppers are animals that have weaker senses of taste in general.I think it is tolerance BUT mainly destruction. My family is Trinidadian or in other terms eats hotter things than you would ever believe a person should eat. Growing up my mom would always prepare the same dish halved; one spicy and one mild for me. When I would get a taste of the spicy version I would cry from the pain. Then one day, my 9th birthday, my parents took me to an expensive restaurant in City Island, Bronx, NY and I ordered some bullshit with a side of fries. The waitress brought a bottle of ketchup and I slathered it on my fries and proceeded to grab a "fork full" of those perfect soggy/crispy fries and chew. But it wasn't ketchup. It was tabasco. A lot of it. I felt so bad I ruined my fries because my parents had just reached that upper-middle class status after working so hard in low-income that I kept my bitch mouth shut. I suffered through the pain. I ate all of them. I believe that is the day I spice-fucked my mouth enough to continue on my progression into culinary habanero hell and I never looked backI know that taste has a genetic component. Too lazy to find a proper scholarly article so take this [Harvard Medical Publication] that I found using google-fu. You would probably so better in /r/askscience.
Why does the air at night smell nicer/different?
It's most likely petrichor, which is produced by soil bacteria when humidity increases.And of course, the way you perception of the world is different at night. Less light means more processing power being re-directed to other shit than eyesight.Usually at night there are less cars out to produce exhausts. Furthermore, it is scientifically proven that a lack of a certain sense heightens the sensitivity of the others, and so your nose might be more sensitive because less light is bouncing into your eyes. Theoretically Does the pollution from the cars being driven during the day have any impact on it as well?It could be a multitude of things. Plants release chemicals at night, the sun isnt baking the asphalt causing oil and fluids to evaporate or release their smells. There is also a change in wind directionduring the day more animals are active. active animals produce more farts- the night air is fresher because the animals are farting less.I was told that the sweet-smelling volatile compounds , like the kind found in certain dry grasses and flowers, are sensitive to ultraviolet light and tend to break down from their complex forms into simple, nearly odorless ones in sunlight. With the radiation of the heat that was absorbed during the day, at night, it causes the esters to rapidly vaporize without them being destroyed by the UV that would be present during the day. I don't know if this is actually true, but the guy who told me seemed awfully confident in this answer.I wonder if humidity plays a role, i.e: as the air cools, relative humidity increases, causing water to condense on dust particles and drag them to the ground Sun goes down temperatures drop isnt it technically the same as the "after rain smell"? Humidity and moisture mixture in the air probably causes it.During the day, everyone's odors are mixed into the air. At night, the blankets filter out the farts.
Relative to wages, are some things really cheaper now than they were in 1900?
with a few minutes of google i haven't been able to find anything that specifically says how easily one could have earned the equivalent wage in prior years. Most online calculators won't go back as far as 1900 though. This seems relevant. _URL_2_ETA: another good writeup here: _URL_2_
What is BMI? And why is (or isn't) it important?
If you take the weight of all the adults in a population and put them on a graph you'll get what looks like a smooth hump which tails off into nothing at the left and the right, and has a big clump in the middle. The BMI is a ratio of weight and height, and if you chart everyone's BMI you also get this same curve. All the people with the very small BMI are on the left, and very large BMI are on the right. It turns out from hospital records, death certificates and so on that people on either extreme are more likely to be ill. Note this is a statistical measure of a population: it can't predict your health any more than you being male and 22 can predict a car crash. But it is still an important guideline, like the connection of smoking and cancer.
Can you starve yourself to death by running marathons?
You'd stop running before you starved. The human body can go on for about [three weeks] without food, given proper hydration. One day, you would collapse in the middle of your marathon, physically incapable of standing, much less running. You'd pass out. Upon waking up, you'd still have trouble getting up. From there, you'd wallow on the ground for a week or so before lapsing into a coma and departing this world.
What would happen if someone destroyed the U.S. Constitution?
The person who destroyed it would probably be quite soundly maligned, but no, the document outlines the powers, it doesn't actually 'contain' them.
Would placing the handle of a door closer to the hinges help make them resistant to pets?
Well it would certainly make the world look more like the hotel from Dunston Checks In. And isn't that really the ultimate goal?", 'My parents have turned the handles on their doors upside down, so they pull up to open instead of pushing down. Stops the cats from opening themJust use a doorknob instead. Nothing without opposable thumbs is going to manage to rotate a round door knob.
Why can't different species of animal mate?
A species is defined as a group of organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring. If they can they're in the same species, if they can't, by definition, they aren't in the same species.
What are the mental health effects of being a celebrity?
I heard it's because your shy and introverted in real life, and that people shouldn't expect you to act the same way of stage as you do onstage yea, doesn't make any sence". he then continues to use music as a coping mechanism. Can't handle this:_URL_1_ Bo explains how little control of his own life he has, "[he] can only fit [his] hand 4" into the pringles can", and how he doesn't want his daughter to suffer the same fate. He then goes onto talk about how much unseen extra work there is and that "[he] wouldn't have of this shit if [he] knew it wasn't going to fit". He then touches on his fan relations and how "a part of me loves you, a part of me hates you, a part of me needs you, a part of me fears you." Finally he concludes the song with the lines "you can tell then anything if you just make it funny, make it rhyme, and if they still don't understand you then you run it one more time." This show the power of music in his eyes and how he's reluctant to leave such a potentially world changing medium. The final line of the song is "goodnight, I hope you're happy" this shows how at the heart of his job, the one thing he cares about, are the fans that he performed for.
Why do helicopter blades make the choppy sound they do when they are spinning around at a constant speed?
Aeroacoustician here. while blade slap can certainly cause a chopping sound I expect what you're referring to is that characteristic sound helicopters make when simply flying through the air. this sound is not related to a blade passing through dirty air but rather due to the rate at which the blades spin. . assume the blades are evenly spaced and youre standing still, then the rate at which a given blade is moving toward you is constant. as a blade moves through the air it forces the air out of the way, creating a pressure front. it is this pressure, reinforced by each blade, that you perceive as noise and which generates the chopping sound you're asking about.came here all "i'm a helicopter pilot, I can help". left here all maybe i can't.
If some say Gender is a social construct, why is it important to those same people, that they need to be identified as a particular Gender?
Countries are very definitely a social construct but it matters very damn much if the social construct says you live in the US of North Korea. Things that are socially constructed still have major effects on people's lives.
Can psycedelic drugs make you experience "new" colors?
I've taken magic mushrooms around a hundred times as well as acid a couple of times and I've never seen any new colours.
401k. Roth IRA. Mutual Funds. Stock Options. Bonds. General investing that I could do on my own.
To add on, options are not just something employers give you, you can trade options on the market. A option is a contract to buy or sell a security or stock for a certain price. 1 option is for 100 shares, the there's a strike price, expiration, and the current market value of the contract. For example You can pull the option chain to see Apr 19 2014 $500 call options for GOOG trade at $48.80. The current stock market price of GOOG is $543.14. A Call option is a contract to buy. So if you were to buy the contract, it would cost you $48.8*100 or $4880 + fees, which allow you to buy 100 shares of GOOG at $500 no matter what the current market price of the stock is until the expiration date of April 19 2014. If GOOG goes to 5000$/share, you can still buy 100 shares at 500$ each and then sell them at $5000/share if you wanted to. PUT Options are the opposite, they allow you to sell a stock at the strike price.
How is a sailboat able to move against the wind?
[Here's a diagram]. Basically you can't go straight into the wind, but at other angles you can always set the sail up to redirect the wind and move you forward, so while you can't go straight you can [zig-zag forwards]", 'My days of playing Zelda: Wind Waker and being too lazy to play the song that changed the direction of the wind taught me the zig zag method.
Usenet, and how to start using it...
A lot of people here describe 'usenet-the-file-sharing-network'. It's not the main purpose. USENET started as a sort of place to discuss stuff. Functionally it's similar to web forums, but it works more like email -- message are retransmitted rather than viewed from a central location. So it's pretty much like public email except that it uses specialized servers which are very efficient at handling many messages. So, if you're interested in discussions , you don't even need to install anything. Google Groups provides some web view: _URL_18_ However, there is more spam on google groups than on 'real' usenet servers for some reasons, so you might want to use NNTP client. It might be bundled with OS, for example, on Windows mail programs usually also support usenet. So does Mozilla Thunderbird . So, chances are, you already have a NNTP client, just add some free public server, like _URL_17_ and if it works you'll get a list of like 20k+ groups. Most are dead or are inhabited by spammers or crackpots. But there are some interesting groups with lively discussions. Depending on what you want Binary USENET is essentially a file sharing piggybacking discussion protocol.Some great posts in Usenet back in the day But it petered out into the home of spam,spam,spam', "Discussion boards of all subjects. Type 'tin' into your shell.
How does 'Anti-Paparazzi Scarf' work ?
The scarf is made from highly-reflective material, similar to a road workers vest, bicycle clothing, etc. Paparazzi like to use flash a lot because they don't have the time or control of the situation to expose using the ambient light. Using a flash can increase their chances of getting a worthwhile photo in their limited time. When their flash goes off, much of it gets reflected back at the camera causing the camera to overcompensate and lower the exposure, so that the rest of the picture looks too dark. It is easily beaten by simply using manual settings, and the scarf would only work during night because in broad daylight they paparazzi probably aren't using flash, and the ambient light is closer to the actual exposure. Still, at night it can help prevent photos being taken of you, or at least make it more difficult.
Why are the French famous for surrendering?
The French cowardice trope attend back to ww2, they were invaded by the Germans and they surrendered just like any country would under the circumstances. However, in 2002/3 the French PM suggested that before declaring war on Iraq we should wait until the weapon inspectors finish their job as going in prematurity will increase extremism and international terrorism, the US media machine went mental, French Fries became freedom fries, there were boycotts of Genghis products called for and the French were generally verbally hung, drawn and quartered. So it's a combination of factors but considering the French were traditionally a strong ally of the US then It was really fucking stupid to not listen to them.I wanted to add one more WWII tidbit I didn't see. Not only did France surrender but it actively engaged Allied units. Admittedly the Americans and English they shot at were either attempting to "invade" French territory or were demanding the surrender of the French fleet but still. This did not engender good relationsTo put it short, because they realized that the 2003 war in Iraq was a bad idea and said it out loud. The Americans got pissy, tried to rename french fries, whined about the French being cowards and then proved them right by failing in Iraq.Because during WWII, after the French were flanked over the Maginot line, Paris didn't have any actual defenses, so they simply gave it up to protect their army, and to make sure their City wasn't destroyed.
How and why does our body function relatively normally if we don't eat healthily?
Well as others have said, junk food is often a case of too much bad rather than not enough good stuff. The reason for this is that we fortify so much of our food . Fortified flour greatly reduced the cars of spina bifida in the US and elsewhere. We started adding calcium to OJ to increase the absorption of both vitamin D and calcium. Even a lot of the sugary drinks have added nutrients in then. Doesn't change that eventually all of the extra garbage is going to wear you down.Your body doesn't really know "Healthy" and "Unhealthy". It knows "fuel" and "excess fuel that can be stored for later
Why do restaurants like McDonalds and Burger King not allow customers to order burgers for breakfast?
I know i want a damn burger at 430 the morning after having been up all night in the emergency room..It's been a rough year for wife and i. She got wicked migraines and I had gall stones.You want a feckin whopper after that shit.
Why do people call for the abolition of the Federal Reserve System and denounce the United Nations?
Most money in the world is 'fiat money' - basically, it's worth what it's worth because we all agree that is what it's worth. We need to trade our goods and services and we don't want to barter, so we use money as the medium. The Fed is in charge of regulating that supply, and a host of other complex economic activities. The complex economic theories behind all of this confuses a lot of people, so like with many things they don't understand, they'd prefer that it go away. They denounce the UN usually because they have been fed conspiracies that foreign governments in hand with the UN will somehow invade America and do bad things like take away everyone's guns and put all conservatives in concentration camps is part of this conspiracy. Some also think the UN will be controlled by the devil and will usher in armegeddon as told in the Book of Revelations . And a very small minority of people are just isolationists and would prefer to withdraw from all international treaties and organizations, including the UN.
Why is it generally acceptable to eat raw fish, but not beef?
Clean fresh meat thats been flash frozen is OK to eat raw. But how many days has that hamburger been sitting in the grocer's fridge? Do you know?
Why nationalism is acceptable but racism, sexism etc are not?
Without any kind of sarcasm intended: Nationalism is not socially acceptable in Germany. It's just not. Of course it's a lasting effect of the war. What North America would call casual racism often is, and certain parts of Germany are so traditional that they would be hard pressed to avoid being called inherently sexist. But Nationalism and nationalists are for the fringes here.
How does flipping the video remove copyright?
I doesn't. At best it would make your creation a derived work, but likely simply flipping the image would not count as creative enough for that either. The main reasons for these shenanigans appear to be an attempt to fool automatic system that recognize known videos and flag them as copyright violations.
Explain what the point of having health insurance is when you still have outrageous deductibles?
In addition to expensive procedures like /u/twobitiarry described, insurance also typically pays for smaller, everyday office visits as well after your copay. For example, I recently had an office visit that would've cost $1,000 without insurance. I only paid $40 for the copay.it is very simple. pay X amount of money a month and if you need to use it. it is better to pay a few hundred than the tens thousands you would without the insurance
How can Apple be 'Eco-friendly' when it used forced obsolescence to have its customers buy new iPhones ?
They aren't is the obvious answer. I haven't updated my ipod 4 because so many said the new OS made it slow to the point of unusability.
Why can't you inject dopamine to get high?
I'm just going to add something. Yes there is the blood-brain barrier to which dopamine cannot directly cross, and you cannot directly inject it into your brain anyway - no needle is fine enough for that and the location one would need to inject it into presumably for it to work, is the substantia nigra which is not on the surface but between layers of the brain; that means having to risk unintended damage to other parts when you try to inject it. Basically, you got to be like a brain surgeon to even try, you can't market it as some sort of simple junkie syringe fix. What doctors do when they want to try to elevate levels of dopamine e.g. how antidepressants work, is to use pills or injections that contain a precursor of dopamine known as L-dopa, and hope enough of it survives the natural degradation process of drug delivery to end up in the brain where it can be in turn converted to sweet, sweet dopamine and other feel-good neurotransmitters. If you want to get high OTC, and are naive enough to believe a stranger on the Internet, you can cook and munch more on those broad beans. They're said to contain tons of L-dopa for your sweet, sweet joy.[Serious] Has dopamine even been made into a form that could be injected into the brain?
if rates of autism are skyrocketing and there is no clear cause could it be that we are over diagnosing?
Because they're not being diagnosed at a 1 in 2 rate. I don't know where you got that number from. It is normal for pretty much any disorder to get diagnosed more and more throughout time, because there is more information about it through research, more awareness about it through the media, and less stigma against it through activism. This allows professionals to understand symptoms more, parents to know of its existence and to not be upset by the possibility of their kid having it.
Why does tickling cause laughter?
Because it is believed that touching the body in that way is inappropriate. Because beliefs are not only believed in the brain, but in the entire body . Doing/saying anything that is believed, MIGHT trigger laughter, which is basically the relief of the belief: in that moment is realised it is just a belief and is not believed in that moment. Now with tickling, if you are ticklish , that belief is instantly challenged, so you can do two things: either continue to believe the belief and thus get VERY scared and as a result aggressive and violent , or relieve the belief, which is laughter. You can pretend like you don't believe it , which may go unnoticed from afar. But when the entire body is challenged, it is impossible to hide a belief/uptightness. example: you might tell me that you're a very loose, confident, live in the moment kinda guy, but if I tickle you and you laugh, I know you're faking it. .The ticklish spots typically are also vulnerable spots - so it makes sense for evolution to give us a simple self defense course. When we are tickled the unpleasant sensation makes us try to defend these spots on our body, but usually tickling takes place in a rather playful setting. So one theory is that we actually laugh to encourage others to tickle us, so we learn how to defend these areas better.
why do some Black people in America identify with Islam? Wasn't it imposed on Africa just like many other religions were?
I don't know about the eastern parts of sub-Saharan Africa, but as to West Africa, Islam was definitely not imposed by outsiders; the closest you can say is that it was imposed by insiders. The first converts to Islam in sub-Saharan West Africa tended to be rulers of Sahelian kingdoms like the [Ghana Empire] and the [Mali Empire]. These were local powers whose native ruling class were Muslims by choice. The rulers, however, were not very interested in having their their subjects convert to Islam. Contrary to the Europeans' later stereotype of Africa as a primitive, poor and unlearned continent, several of these kingdoms were among the wealthiest of their time, and sponsored important schools and scholars. The city of [Timbuktu] in particular was famed in Europe and the Middle East for its wealth and scholarship. This situation continued for several centuries until the rise in the 1800s of kingdoms that led campaigns to forcibly islamize the native population. The two major such kingdoms—the [Sokoto Caliphate] and the [Toucouleur Empire]—were led by nobles of the Fulani/Peul ethnicity , who are most certainly native to the region.
What happens when you get deported?
If you're a lucky American. - you arrive back in San Diego with a margarita in your hand, a rental car, and $1000 to spend in Vegas . That's what I've heard anyways .
What AOL actually does, in 2015?
Surprisingly enough they still offer dial up service and have 2.3 million dial up customers. In some rural places your only internet options are dial up or satellite internet. Satellite internet can be expensive and there is also a big ping time involved so it doesn't work very well for things like gaming. And if you live in a mountainous area a mountain could block your signal to the satallite. _URL_3_
why blowing in Nintendo cartridges worked/didn't work.
Most of the time with my console it's a seating issue, the game needs to sit in the slot in a specific way. The blowing on the cartridge didn't do anything it seems.
If almonds are so high in fat, how exactly are they good for you?
Fats aren't always bad for you. Your body needs a certain amount of them - it's just that a modern diet provides far, far more than our bodies were designed to use. Per [Wikipedia], almonds are high in a number of nutrients and the fats they contain are generally not the kind that are especially bad for your health. They're high-calorie, like any nut, but that's only a problem if you eat to excess.
Are there more dimensions beyond X, Y, and Z?
The 4th dimension is time. Dimensions represent location. Now, location, as we know it on earth has three points. X,y, and z. The 4th dimension is time, where the variable represents a certain time in space. Theoretical, mainly. For example, if someone stood on top of the Eiffel tower, at this very moment. 3 dimensions are enough to pinpoint his location. However, if you tagged time to someone who was on top of the Eiffel tower 30 years ago, you'd need to add that to the set of coordinates
How do cast of "Jackass" survive all their stunts without a scratch?
Johnny destroyed his dick. I remember hearing that he did so much damage to it that he passes through a tube and can't get it up.
How come sparkling water doesn't spray out of bottles like soda or champagne do?
Oh, it does. I can't tell you how many bottles of club soda or seltzer I've soaked the kitchen floor and myself with.Sometimes there are different amounts of carbonation added. The drinks with higher carbonation will spray more than those with lower carbonation.
Why do some people derive pleasure from watching/causing harm to others or animals? Is it a personality disorder or are their brains just wired differently?
I would take such great pleasure in harming the people who hurt animals. It brings up a level of anger and hatred I never knew I could feel. I can't imagine having to see it on a daily basis for my job.
Why is Neo-Nazism such a prominent voice in Greek politics today, when less than a century ago millions of Greeks were starved and murdered by Nazi Germany? ELI5: Golden Dawn
I'm going to be that guy - but, millions of Greeks weren't starved/murdered - [it was about 300,000]
Why can massive games like Skyrim fit on one disc while the first season of Heroes needs seven?
Well young one.. Let me explain it to you this way.. Let's imagine we are panning over a Forest with a camera. We would take 30 pictures every second, and when we look through all of them in order really really quickly, we would essentially be watching a video of a camera panning over a forest. Lets put all these images into a book to share with our friends. As you can imagine, this is going to be a pretty big book! Now lets try a different method. Instead of printing out all of these pictures, lets write a really detailed description of the forest! We can print this out and give it to all of our friends. Now, our friends can imagine what the forest would look like themselves - they can create all of the pictures we need themselves, we don't have to print out every single one! That's why we can fit such a big game on to one DVD! All we do is tell the consoles how to think up every imagine that we need.
My whole family caught the same nasty stomach bug. Some of us threw up a lot, others only pooped. What was happening in our bodies to cause the different course of actions?
Bugs that give you food poisoning cause nasty symptoms in your digestive system because that's where they like to live. However, in every person's digestive system, there are different places that things like bacteria and viruses can live, such as the stomach, the intestines, the colon, etc. Each one of these places has a different community of nice and helpful bacteria that live there normally. When a bad bug comes in and infects you, it has to compete with these other bacteria for a place to live. Depending on what kinds of bacteria are there, it could be easier or harder for the bug to get a chance to hang out and multiply. Since the makeup of the nice bacteria differs in each place, and differs from person to person, the same bug can infect different parts of different people's digestive tract to varying degrees and different effects as a result.
why cant windows uninstall 2 things at once at control panel ?
When windows installs or uninstalls a program, it does several things, the first and most obvious is the installation of files, such as the .exe file that serves as the launching point for many programs. the second is it edits the registry - an operating system level database that stores settings for things like user accounts, drivers, security functions, and the kernel, and that last one is the biggest reason why windows doesn't want two programs being installed/uninstalled at the same time. The kernel is the lowest level of an operating system, it is the part that takes information from the physical aspects of a computer like the CPU, RAM, GPU, and Storage and communicates it to Applications. If the kernel develops a problem, you're computer will have very serious problems. So if an application is editing the registry and something goes wrong or there is a malicious piece of code, your computer can crash, and if those changes saved, your computer won't boot again except into safe mode, at which point you need to start going through recovery procedures. However, if two applications are editing the registry at the same time, Windows doesn't have a way of knowing which application made which edits. I saw you made a comment to another response in which you state that you normally just delete the folder and its contents, and that will free up the drive space. However when you do this the registry is not edited and the settings for the removed program are still there. On older systems especially, if the registry becomes to large it will slow down computer boot-up and may even prevent the computer from booting entirely. While the effects of an over-large registry are significantly reduced on operating systems like Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8 and 10, the fact is that if you have your computer for years your registry could eventually build to the point where it is a problem.
What makes alcohol addictive? Is it the substance itself or more of a mental thing?
Undoubtedly it is addictive and when people get deeply addicted just trying to quit can be fatal. I'm sure all the other posters when into the biochemistry and all that. But here's what makes an alcoholic special: they just feel different, like they are from Mars. Or like everyone else got the instruction book of life and they didn't get a copy. Of all the things I've heard at AA almost everyone relates to that.
Chinese people at the gym
It's a status issue. Gyms are short in supply so taking pictures is like taking pictures with a tourist attraction.
How .99 repeating equals 1
What is 1 - 0.999 recurring? The answer is 0.000 recurring .. and then after an infinite number of 0s, there would be a 1. But we can't ever write an infinite number of 0s. No matter how much accuracy we use, the difference between 1 and 0.999 is zero. This is true even if we use infinite accuracy. Because the 1 comes only *after* an infinite number of 0s.it works because 0.99 has some definition. The most common definition is the infinite series: 9/10 + 9/100 + 9/1000 + and that infinite series has a limit of 1. The convention is to then say that if an infinite series has a limit then we just say the series is equal to the limit. That means when we say "0.99 = 1" what we are really saying is that the limit of some infinite series equals 1. If you are still unsure, perhaps you already accept that 0.33 = 1/3, if so just multiply by 3: 1 = 1/3 + 1/3 + 1/3 = 0.33 + 0.33 + 0.33 = 0.99 this just hides the fact that 0.33 is an infinite series with a limit of 1/3, but people tend to accept that and are suspicious of 0.99 = 1
Why do humans get auditory and emotional satisfaction from music?
We have evolved to be active and interested listeners of music. Music contains meaning for humans. The spoken word is in large part musical performance, with rhythm, melody and dynamics. The human fetus is introduced to its mother through the rhythm of her heartbeat and the melody of her voice. The infant spends its first months actively listening to the music of it's caregivers voices, as well as to other ambient noises that may contain information. Evolution favors individuals that actively listen to music and quickly learn the music of their kind, as these individuals create stronger bonds with their caregivers, and therefore have a greater chance of survival.Not everyone does! There's a "condition"/"characteristic" called "[specific musical anhedonia]", which describes people who do not derive emotion/pleasure from music. It's fascinating to me how much incredulity/negativity I face when I tell people that I don't listen to music, and generally prefer silence. Everyone I 've ever spoken to about this believes that music is universalThis is by far, the most creative way of asking this question so far.
Why aren't Arabs black?
Because it was settled and held by people who weren't black. People aren't cooked by the sun. Skin color is inherited.
What exactly is, and the significance of, NASA's announcement today?
This is only just the newest of NASA's great discoveries. They have an amazing track record of coming up with brilliant discoveries every February. I'm sure it's the result of having cleared their heads over the Christmas break, and nothing whatsoever to do with the fact that the federal budget usually gets submitted in the start of March.
How, in this day and age, can it take "five to ten days" to unsubscribe from an email?
I run a mail server at a domain. A couple of years ago I created 8 email addresses that have never been used before, they simply didn't exist. I **unsubscribed** each of them using the unsubscribe link in about a dozen emails I had received. Within a couple days each of those mail addresses were receiving 6 to 10 pieces of spam per day.There are two types of transactions. Batch and real-time. For some transactions, it is imperative that it is real-time. Queries for information, financial transactions, etc. must all be done in real-time. For something as low priority as removing info from a database, its much more efficient and a better use of processing resources to do it as a batch job.
Why are some people better than others at painting/drawing?
Some people are born to find drawing/painting a little easier. For me it just clicks, I know what an elephant looks like, so I can paint one. But I've also practiced my entire life. If you want to be good at skateboarding or cooking you have to apply time to that skill. It really is just another skill and not really a gift. Anyone can learn to draw and paint through practice, but it takes time.
How people get caught not having a TV license?(UK)
I didn't seem to know anyone who bought a license as far as I can tell as a American it was the honor system. How ever I did live in a college town.I'm sorry, but this reminded me of "The Young Ones" .
How does hail manage to stay solid long enough to hit the ground in 100+ degree weather?
Ever poured a cup or ice in the sink and see it's still there an hour later? Ice even in high temps takes a while to melt. Way longer than the 30 seconds it's in warm temps while it's falling.
Why is the sound of a baby crying incredibly annoying?
It's annoying because the crying it self is designed to get attention, and your brain made it annoying so you won't ignore your baby crying.
Why is it when you take a picture of an image on your computer monitor, the pictures always look funny with a lot of lines when you zoom in?
It's the refresh rate and also your camera's fps rate. The standard camera doesn't process as fast as the human eye. It's similar to how wheels on a car or ceiling fans appear to be moving backwards depending on their speed. So when you view a tv or monitor on a digital camera, the refresh rate is visible.
Why don't companies like McDonald's and Taco Bell deliver food like Pizza Hut and Domino's?
In some countries they do, when I visited family in Jordan a few years back, my cousin ordered mcdonalds for delivery around midnight, not sure why they don't do it here, it was fairly quick and wasn't cold iirc
Why if CO2 is only .038% of atmospheric gases, does it have so much impact on global warming?
Congratulation, you've discovered a cascading effect. These are some of the most amazing things to study and there are areas of expertise for studying them in almost every field of science There are lots of things like this, where a small move one direction or another can change things massively. example: imagine that you stabbed your 3rd grade teacher with a knife. They survived, and only suffered a small scar. Do you think this small change would have a dramatic effect on your life 10, 15, or 20 years later? Of course. We have an intuitive sense about how large connected systems can be greatly impacted by small changes at specific points. The same is true for the very connected system of the climate. A small change in how much heat is trapped at the polls causes more ice to melt, causing there to be less snow, which now is no longer reflecting the sun, causing more heat to get trapped. These sort of chains are easy to understand in isolation, but can feel almost magical when viewed as a group. Why are do they feel 'magical' as a group? Humans are really bad at understanding compound effects. I've never heard anyone claim they know why this is the case, but it is. So you are in good company.
How did we tolerate the smell of each other years ago before soaps, toothpastes and regular showers?
You ever had someone tell you your room smells funny or your house smells odd? It's because you are accustomed to it and stop smelling it yourself.We were used to it.. Like that old lady at Church who has no clue she has put on enough perfume to last a normal person a lifetime.I way prefer some sweat smell over fake weird deodorants, after shaves, perfumes and shampoo. So many people smell like a drugstore and don't even notice. Often I have to sway out of my path if I'm walking behind some highly perfumed individual, it happens every day, way more often than bad BO. It's all a marketing scam. People smell good most of the time. I love the mix of smoke, weed and sweat at a techno club.
How do British police officers safely apprehend armed/dangerous criminals without carrying guns?
Because the criminals don't really have guns either. The whole gun-ownership thing is strictly controlled through licenses a majority of licenses to carry guns are for shotguns, and they tend to be farmers.Via these various methods: - Tasers - Batons - Pepper Spray - Fisty cuffsHot tea thrown in the face is far more effective.
How does the stock market 'create' wealth?
Trading creates wealth. The reason you trade is because you want what the other person has more than you want what you give them, and vice versa. In the stock market, you trade a chunk of money for a chunk of a company, including some of the future profits. The person running the company gets cash now to invest and make those future profits possible, at the expense of a chunk of their company. Both people benefit, and so do consumers -- if it works out. If not, sometimes the company goes under, which sucks, but it's part of the risk that both parties take, and it's often spread among many investors.
Why do so many people in the USA get arrested for resisting arrest? Surely you need to be arrested for something else first in order to resist.
It's what you shout before hitting them with the baton .. Makes assault magically legal.Laws are more like guidelines for those who write or enforce themThe arrested for being a dick in US is "disorderly conduct"
How do doctors get prescription medication? Can they prescribe them to themselves or do they need to go to another doctor?
They could prescribe for themselves, but they probably go to other doctors for a neutral point of view. Most doctors also are rich enough to go to another doctor when they're sick. Source: My grandfather was/is a doctor.
A Beginner's Guide to ELI5
> Don't say purple *Checks own username* Dammit. Great sub by the way, and from what I can tell the mods are doing a great job adjusting to becoming default.
How people (like Helen Keller) who are born deaf and blind can learn things
People don't learn because they can see or hear. They learn by being exposed to inputs over and over again and recognizing patterns.
What do the different knobs and sliders and buttons do on DJ mixers?
other answers are already really good. but one thing to mention about DJs using 2 turntables is the crossfader, that slider that you see scratch DJs manipulating furiously. it controls how much of the sound is coming from one or the other turntable. ie it 'cross-fades' between the two.Depends on the knob, but most pertain to live audio effects such as the volume on different channels, crossfades, EQ and effects like reverb and resampling. The array of buttons is most likely used to trigger pre-recorded samples for live music mixing.
how do radio stations profit from text messages sent to them?
Thing is *they don't always*. Social interaction is a really good marketing technique to keep people interested. But, if they are, they can sign an agreement with a mobile provider in-which the price of the text message is increased and both the station and the mobile provider get a bigger cut. Sort of like those mobile subscription services .I just texted into a radio station, for the first time, this morning. The return message I got was a Thank You for texting and then a sponsored message afterwards with the _URL_0_ shortlink afterwards; most likely an affiliate link. I assume they would be making money through [PPC] or [CPA] Internet Marketing strategies on that link.
Why does it feel good to cry when we're sad?
You breathe in a way you haven't allowed yourself to all up untill that first crack - uncontrolled, unhindered, the way your *body* wants and was built to, not your mind. Ego lets go of the diaphragm for once and breath drops in deep, touches something real, and comes back up *alive* It feels 'good' because it's the victory of expression over the denial of ourselves in the most elemental sense. Everything we are inside, without all the effort to keep it contained.Probably need some back-up because I 've been up for three days straight and I can't find the right textbook, but from what I can recall: When you're emotional or stressed, a hormone called cortisol gets released due to the ACTH trigger. ACTH has been found in the substance of tears, and so there's nothing to potentiate the release of cortisol. Less cortisol, less physical signs of "stress". Someone else can go into more detail. I'm too sleep deprived and I know that if I say any more I'll probably convince myself that if you cry enough you'll be engulfed in flames and rise like a phoenix, stress free and chipperWhat are you supposed to do if you feel like crying but cannot?Crying makes tiny little things called endorphins in your brain. Endorphins make you feel good, like eating ice cream or playing with your favorite toy, or watching your favorite show, or getting a hug from mommy. See?', "I remember reading that after Princess Diana's death, the number of newly depressed patients plummeted in the UK, because so many citizens had shed empathic tears and it somehow improved the collective mental health of the entire nation. I can't really summon up the source for this though :P
How does my $300 airplane ticket actually pay for a $285 million jet, fuel, salaries, maintenance, etc?
I'm on mobile so I can't add a link but if I remember correctly they did a 60 Minutes segment on how airlines make money. They explained how much money they made from ticket sales and then divided that up into operating costs piece by piece- some flights aren't even profitable. But airlines get extra money from shipping cargo on passenger flights- in some cases dead bodies in caskets. The passengers never know. If someone can find the link its really interesting to see.
Why if a fever is our bodies natural way of fighting sickness am I always told the moment I get a fever to take medicine to reduce it?
Fever CAN be beneficial to help fight an infection, but most of the time when we get a fever with a common cold or common virus the fever is unnecessary. Many viruses that get in our body and cause what we know as the 'common cold' could pass through our body just fine causing no noticeable or lasting damage themselves. The symptoms of a common cold you get such as fever, coughing, sore throat, etc. are because your immune system is freaking out and over reacting to a non-harmful virus. Basically your body is attacking itself in some/most situations for no reason, just because it saw something foreign and wanted to kill it ASAP b/c it's foreign. So thus, taking tylenol or ibuprofen to reduce your fever in these cases is fine, and that's why most of the time healthcare providers want to get your fever down.Even in the case of bacterial infections it's better to just kill the bacteria with antibiotics , than let you suffer for a while with a fever just so your body can fight the bacteria itself while making you misterable. Makes no sense when antibiotics are available .
Why can fine dusts cause an explosion?
Sugar is combustible, you do a slow burn of it in your body every day. You want to make a stink and a lot of smoke , take a pan of it and heat it on the stove until it starts to burn. Now you take that substance and you increase the surface area to volume ratio so oxygen has access to a lot of molecules in the dust particle. Now when you ignite it it will burn explosively. Same with any material that oxidizes. Sure as hell iron dust. Flour dust. It would have to be something inert not to explode. Probably ceramic dust wouldn't go. Coal dust, dangerous as hell.
how can corporations be considered people?
Essentially, it comes from the need to have a legal way to define a group of people as making decisions as a single entity, and the accompanying rights and responsibilities that entails. It turned out that the easiest way to do this was to handle them in more or less the same way as people are handled by the legal system, and so 'non-natural persons' were born . As a side note, by definition, 'corporation' comes from the latin 'corporare', meaning 'to combine in one body'.
How does placebo effect work when healing a person?
There are, I believe, different kinds of effects having to do with placebos. Something that probably isn't considered a placebo, but that I feel is more at the root of what causes the effect, is how well certain patients do in the fight against cancer simply looking at their outlook. Patients who have accepted death and are not concerned tend to do slightly better on average than those who are worried/frightened, or upset about death/cancer. Those who did the best and who, on average, had a noticeably higher chance of survival were the patients who had an innate and highly motivated desire to beat it. These people were not angry, but simply passionate. There is a definite correlation between a person's mood or outlook and their ability to overcome illness of any kind. How this can relate to something like a placebo pill is that a person is tricked into thinking the symptom will go away, and so they psyche themselves out to automatically feel better, even if the symptom persists. Since they feel better about themselves, their immune system strengthens and is able to combat, in some cases, the symptoms or cause of the illness.
What's Martial Law?
martial law is when military is granted overwatching power by the government. people's rights are suspended. anyone suspected of violating the law or ordinance can be arrested and tried without due process of civil court.
Why does alcohol in mouthwash not make you drunk through your palate? While you use a straw in alcoholic drinks so you get drunk faster because the alcoholic drink goes through your palate?
I've heard you get drunk faster through a straw, only because you're more likely to drink it faster.
Why does microwaving/cooking food which is out of date not kill the germs and make it edible?
It's not always the bacteria itself that's harmful. It's often the byproduct of bacteria metabolization that can harm you. In that case, even if you killed every bacteria the food would still be harmful.
why is it that our bodies are symmetrical on the outside, but not on the inside?
In addition to the other answers, there's some sexual selection pressure, too: nobody can see if your stomach is out of place, but if your outsides aren't symmetrical, it's obvious.
In our dreams, how are the people we have never seen or interacted with before conjured up?
> I feel like I interact with humanoids when I remember a dream with someone I have never met before. Of course you do! All these people saying you must have seen those faces before are talking nonsense; we have imagination while awake and asleep. Do you think the Zerg of Blizzard's Starcraft franchise were seen by their designers before they were made up? If course not! In a similar way a dreaming person can invent novel people and creatures never seen before. Your mind very well knows what a face looks like, it can imagine a face you never saw before.
Before the Big Bang?
I have a theory that involves both the big crunch and the expansion theory in which over an infinite amount of time our universe that expanded from the big bang will reform into the microscopic ball of all the universe's material once again because of the simple laws of gravity that the universe abides to. You can think of the universe in the similar way as planet formation, just on a galactic scale. Particles travel around for millions of years and eventually clump up, well our universe is doing the same thing while expanding outward. Eventually, the universe will curve into itself and reform the big bang with a completely new set of random galaxies. That's what I have found most logical anyways.
Why is Russia such a threat to NATO (Europe+USA) when it has an economy the size of Italy?
Military officer here. Their general expansionist attitude and military positioning are a great concern. Main concern other than that would be their technology development and how efficient they've been in combat in Ukraine. They have been continually developing for conventional warfare while the US has been focused on counter insurgency since '03. Its put us behind the curve. We have an outdated tank with soldiers who haven't even been on them for a while. The US Armor community is extremely worried about going head to head with their armor and their anti tank capabilities.
What causes stomachache when we consume food that's gone bad? Parasites living in the food attack our stomach mucosa?
I'll take a shot a explaining this to a five year old. As mentioned before, there are two ways you can get a stomach ache from eating something. Imagine that you leave food out, there are teeny tiny things called bacteria that like to play on food. When they get to play a long time, they leave a big mess. Like if you broke the vase and windows and TV in the living room. When you eat the food with all the mess, it hurts. Just like it hurts to eat sharp things, like broken glass. Keeping food cold keeps the bacteria asleep, and makes them not want to play. So everything stays clean, and ok to eat. The second thing that causes stomach aches are also teeny tiny things. But these things don't play on food before we eat it, they play on it after we eat it when it's inside our tummy. The same thing happens and they make a big mess that hurts us. They way we keep these things from playing after we eat it is to cook the food so they are all gone before we eat it.
How are calories measured, and how accurate is it?
1 gram of fat is 9 calories. 1 gram of alcohol is 7 calories1 gram of carb is 4 calories1 gram of protein is 4 calories if your recipe is for 500grams of flour, 100grams of butter, and 100grams of sugar, it's just a math problem for a 5 year old. problem is, ingredients don't always come in chunks of carbs and proteins. 100grams of carrots isn't consistently the same number of carbs. 100grams of beef has protein and fat levels depending on the cut and the animal. that's where the measuring and estimation come in.
What is a housing bubble? And is such a bubble occurring in London?
A housing bubble is where houses quickly gain value, usually far above their actual worth. Then, the bubble bursts , sending the housing values way down. I can't comment on the current climate in London though.
What breakthrough in technology allowed 2016 to be the year where virtual reality became a legitimate consumer product?
It's not even clear whether the Oculus and other VR products will be successful in the long run. It's a neat and well made gimmick for gamers to be immersed more, but it might just stay a niche market if people prefer to play with regular screens.It really was a gradual thing. Screens got better resolutions and response times, computer processing power stepped up dramatically, kickstarter provided opportunities for small companies to raise capital easily. There were a lot of things that came together at the right time. The funny thing about virtual reality is that there have been a lot of false starts over the years and odds are if not today or tomorrow within a couple of years this technology would have been tried again.There's no one single thing or breakthrough. What has happened, instead, is that technology involved in producing high-definition, super low-latency HD screens, accelerometers and gyroscopes, high-powered PC graphics cards and, of course, smartphones have become cheap and reliable enough for consumer adoption of the Oculus, Samsung Gear VR and their like. It could have been done five years ago, but it would have cost a million pounds a unit taking into account development and production costs with proprietary technology. But now everything is almost off-the-shelf. Now that the tech is good enough and cheap enough, market forces dictate that people want to try it.
Why the Fibonacci Sequence is important/ related to nature (and everything else)
I was the same way for a while, not getting why the Fibonacci sequence was so special, until I learned that ANY sequence where you add the previous two elements will give the golden ratio. Plants, shellfish etc. aren't doing math, they're just repeating a process that combines the last 2 times they performed the same process. The Fibonacci sequence is one of the simpler ways of thinking about it, but not the only way. Look up the Lucas numbers if you are curious. Better yet: make your own sequence by picking any 2 whole numbers, add them together, then start adding the 2 biggest numbers. Do it a few times, take the ratio of any 2 adjacent numbers, and see if you get something close to phi.
Why do people duck when leaving a helicopter even though the blades are much higher than their heads?
Not sure, but my guess is that it's not necessary but reinforces the idea that you do not want to stick any body part or item you have anywhere close to the blades. Maybe stuff won't blow in your eyes too.Loads of reasons. The one that always made me duck though was blade sailing. Not a nice way to goFear .also it could be just for the door border
When McDonald's has Happy Meal toys from a popular movie, is McDonald's paying the movie studio for the toys or is the studio paying McDonald's to advertise the movie?
I'm going to guess before looking at the comments and say McD gets paid. McD will sell its happy meals either way, with your shit or the other guys shit. Only case where they might cut a deal is for STAR WARS or something huge like that - even then, they aren't necessarily paying, just giving a better deal than Burger King. To get your toy in the happy meal for a month you probably pay McD 5 million bucks, and you provide the toy. Edit: Turns out I was totally wrong
Why tunnels that go underground don't flood when it rains
It's all in the raised position to be safe and I'm active the water is sipping up above the tunnel is under.
I heard that the world is $217 trillion in debt. Who are we in debt to?
> And do countries forgive debt for a country that they also owe money to? Generally speaking, governments tend not to directly owe other governments that much money. Debt is primarily owned by individual citizens and businesses, and overwhelmingly it's owned by individuals and businesses within the same country that owes the money to begin with.Would there ever be a way in which all this debt could somehow be completely payed off?I owe you 200 dollars, You owe the Steve 500 Dollars, and Steve owes me 300 dollars. There is a total of $1,000 in debt in our little simple system. Now keep expanding this.
If prostitution is so common and active on Craigslist, why doesn't the police just arrest them all?
I believe that generally police going after prostitutes is more to control 'nuisance' than prostitution itself. That is, people complain about street walkers and such so the police try to break that up so that it doesn't 'bring down the neighborhood'. Hookers working online and out of their own homes or hotels aren't generally bothering anyone as long as they're discreet so the police don't really have any incentive to pursue them.
Why is lobbying legal? ELI5 please
Because the United States was created as a result of oppression from the state. As such almost all of it's protections are from the state only. The thought of extremely strong private entities didn't really exist, and so lobbying was designed to ensure the common man could get his views across to the people he elected, as the government only existed to protect him. So why is it legal if it is being abused? Because the people you'd need to get to change the law about it, are the same people who profit from it existing.
how come that low cost airlines are cheaper than the train?
I'm surprised no one has mentioned the infrastructure costs. The Railways have thousands of miles of track and hundreds of stations all over the place, often these places are though to access aswell.
How (why) does cancer cause pain?
a lot of the times it doesn't, but chemotherapy drugs are super SUPER toxic and make you really sick. cancer is pretty hard to kill so the stuff that kills cancer also tends to kill you too. Tumors can also displace tissue and put pressure on organs, or interfere with nerves, causing pain in that way", 'As a follow up question, how does the pain from cancer feel like?
As a Canadian on reddit, how do regular Americans survive with 100+ k medical bills, 100+ k tuition costs, and virtually no social safety net?
Forever chained to debt. That's how the system stays alive. Keep everyone entertained in their home and afraid of the outside.
Are the other photo saving types becoming redundant? Like JPEG, BITMAP etc
Each file type serves a specific purpose, and while there is overlap, they each have their uses. - **JPEG** is the most popular for images and is the standard file format for most digital cameras. It uses a different kind of compression algorithm than GIF and PNG which allows it to compress photos more effectively without compromising too much quality. However, it is not a good format for multiple edits because each save will have a slight decrease in quality. - **PNG** is a very popular type among image editors and Photoshop users because it doesn't lose quality over edits like JPEG and it saves metadata. This means that within the image file there is information saved about the image. In Photoshop, it saves the different layers which makes editing much easier because you can adjust each layer separately vs. JPEG which compresses all the layers into one. PNG is also more efficient than GIF at compressing in almost all cases, and it supports transparency which a lot of formats do not. There are a lot of other file types out there that each have a specific use. Like RAW images which allows for a lot of adjustment of a photographs properties, or TIFF which offers a lot of editing options and is a good general file type for editing software users who bounce between programs.
why does heat distort things behind it?
Because hotter air moves faster, the light bounces around more when it hits those molecules, and your eyes detect it as wavy distortion.I thought this was ELI5?Just because you use less words, doesn't mean you're more easily comprehended.
Why do most people start to enjoy the taste of beer as they get older?
It doesn't necessarily have to do with age. The legal drinking age is higher in some countries, so this may contribute. Beer is an acquired taste, drink it enough and you will enjoy it more and more. Whether 15 or 45, it doesn't matter.