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Why does a bullet stopped by kevlar do damage, but the recoil from the other end of the gun doesn't even hurt my hand | Replace gun and bullet with a hammer and a nail. If you hold a block of wood and pound a nail into it, you'd feel the impact but if you hold it correctly it wouldn't hurt. That's what it's like shooting a gun. If you hit a nail directly into your skin, it's going to hurt like hell and possibly kill you if you hit a vital organ or pierce an artery. That's what it's like to get shot without any protection. I can't think of another common material that works well with the hammer/nail analogy besides kevlar, but kevlar works by keeping the bullet from penetrating the skin. You still feel the full force of the bullet but it is spread out over an area of a few square inches rather than the very small tip of the bullet. So instead of getting hit with the pointy end of the nail, it would be more like flipping the nail around and hitting the tip with the head against your skin. It won't penetrate and kill you but it will hurt like hell and leave a nasty bruise. In all those cases, the amount of energy from the hammer hitting the nail is the same. How the energy is transferred into the body is different. |
What prevents services like Spotify from being available in all countries? | Different countries have different copyright laws. When Spotify or Netflix is released in new country they have to make sure they aren't breaking any local laws and so forth. Also some companies own local copyrights to certain albums. It would suck if some Serbian guy owned the copyright of all songs from Rick Astley in Serbia and then sued Spotify because they accidentally put his songs in their service. |
Why are stem cells not being used in medical treatment all the time? | I think it is more of an issue of medical advancements taking time due to ethical concerns, regulation, resistance to change and bureaucracy. Stem cells no longer need to be harvested in controversial ways. We can now get [stem cells] from a person's own fat. |
Where does white zit pus eventually go if you don't pop the zit? | I hardly ever open the ELI5 posts.Out of all the great and intelligent questions posed in the subreddit this is the one that I'm interested in.Fuck, what does that say about me?! |
Why should I vote in the current American Presidential Election if I have strong negative feelings towards all runners? | I feel that if you don't vote, you have no right to complain about whoever is eventually elected |
Why does the United States have so many military facilities on foreign soil, while other 'superpowers' do not? | Well there isn't any other superpowers currently. Other large countries do have military facilities on foreign soil, but not as much as the US. France and the UK have a good amount of military base on foreign soil, mostly in their ex colonies. Russia also have several of them, but those are mostly in ex-soviet country. China have a naval base in Djibouti and since China is on the path to becoming a superpower, it will probably have more and more of those base in the future.America has mutual-defense treaty obligations with a number of allied countries. Due to the distant locations of some of those countries, it would be logistically impossible to fulfill those obligations without having the personnel and materiel resources readily available on their soil. Additionally, having those resources in place also serves as a deterrent to any who might threaten that allyThere are no other superpowers. There are world powers, but that is a lesser category of influence than a superpower. When the USSR was a superpower they had bases among their allies like the US does currently, but that ended when the USSR fell. Russia in its lower power position still has some, but not nearly as many.Many other countries have bases on foreign soil: Russia, France, China, Australia. There's a [list] on wikipedia |
Why are humans naturally psychologically damaged by taking another human's life, or killing most things? | Because most humans are social animals. Some small percent are born differently. I'm not sure what the evolutionary advantage is for that. |
Why did the Titanic's watertight compartments not have a watertight top? | _URL_0_ > There must be no doors, manholes, access hatches, **ventilation ducts** or any openings on the collision bulkhead below the bulkhead deck. Watertight can also easily be airtight, and we're talking about a ship that had coal burning furnaces fed by guys with shovels. How would the stairs be laid out? How would the ventilation be handled? Someone mentioned that canoes float despite being open-topped, but the reverse is also true. A canoe that is flipped over also floats as long as the air can't escape, but that's a problem when that space needs to remain ventilated so people don't suffocate trying to keep a coal-powered ship going. |
Why are there so much violence and crimes that occur in low income neighborhoods? | One factor not touched so far is the lack of self esteem building opportunities.Crime rose in the early '70's in a response to the loss of urban blue collar jobs. Many sociologists claim that the lack of opportunities lead young men to prove themselves in any way they can: sports, music and crime are all examples. This also explains why crime peaks between the ages 14-22, when young men are struggling to find a self-identity. |
With the earths core being extremely hot and the sun constantly warming the planet, how come the earth still has cold weather and frozen continents? | The earth's core is 3,958.8 miles away from us and not incredibly hot on a galactic scale. The coldness of space is only a couple miles away. The ISS orbits us at about 200 miles up. As stated the axial tilt of the earth in relation to the sun is enough to cause seasons. |
How does a fan slowly heat a room? | Go turn on a fan, and run it for an hour. Then touch the back of it. It gets pretty warm, eh? That's where the heat is coming from. |
How are all-you-can-eat buffets profitable? | The price is calculated at a point where they make money on most people, even if they lose money on a few. Also, they position cheap filling carbs in places where they are more likely to be taken. And all you can eat buffets are able to better control food costs because they know what they'll be serving each day where as a restaurant with a bunch of items will have less knowledge of what will sell from day to day. |
Why is the NES Classic in extreme hot demand right now when it's essentially a glorified emulator? | It's easy. It's too much work to download all the roms and run them on my TV using emulators. It also looks slick. |
No Man Sky's Release and Subsequent Blowback... what exactly happened? | Hype. You'd read articles about this magnificent universe that was building itself, that was so big they had to make programs to monitor itself because it was impossible to view everything in your lifetime. It sounds like so much fun to explore that universe. Yet when you actually sit down and play the game you realize that there are maybe twelve different variations of planets and for the most part it's relatively repetitive. Now it doesn't seem so big and vast, you're saying 'meh, seen it' to a supposedly endless universe. Takes the wind out of the entire purpose of the game. |
Why to these new "hoverboards" keep setting themselves on fire? | Because that shit fire son .Really, I think it's more of the manufacturers trying to make a quick buck with cheap parts. NPR did a brief story a few days ago. _URL_0_Plus they named them hoverboards which is a lie .First step to understand this is the batteries that are being used, they require basicly two cut of voltages, so they dont drain completly and dont overcharge, both can cause a fire. And bad wiring and maybe electrical design. |
How do mods for video games work? Do developers expose their source code? | > Do they give content creators access to the game's source code/engine to explore and then build off of? Somewhat, yes. Some developers include the tools they used to make the game along with the game. Back in the day, Valve released the level editor they used internally, along with a software development kit that people could use to modify the game. That led to stuff like CounterStrike, Day of Defeat, etc. > And if so, doesn't this create the dangerous consequence of making your game vulnerable to reverse engineering/pirating? Not necessarily - tools given away by the developers are often limited in what they can modify and if you want to do anything else you'll probably have to reverse engineer the rest of the game.. Speaking of reverse engineering, I'm of the opinion that every game out there is vulnerable to reverse engineering/pirating, regardless of whether or not the devs actually opened it up to modding. Take Diablo 2, for instance - Blizzard never officially supported modding for D2, but that didn't stop anyone from doing it . |
Why aren't all economics professors rich? | Current theories of economics taught to undergrads are not actually that accurate. Also, depending on the economist there are many ideological traps that can be fallen into. Such as the notion of perfectly free-markets - which don't exist anywhere on the planet. So an economist can understand how a theoretical free-market works, but lives in a world dominated by mixed-markets. Concepts like Free Trade also suffer from this problem, in that international free trade doesn't actually exist in the real world. E.g. the USA-Australia Free Trade Agreement is approx 10,000 pages long and is largely a list of products that are excluded from free trade. So it's not actually a Free Trade Agreement, it's just called one. |
How easy is it really to crack a safe? | A stethoscope isn't in the safe-cracker's bag of tricks much. As /u/shawnaroo mentions, there is a huge range of things called safes. Surreptitious entry, leaving no trace, is extremely difficult. It's most often done on good mechanical locks with computer controlled number checking machines, [like this]. Electronic safe locks have different tradeoffs, they resist this kind of mechanical attack but also fail a lot more than a well made lock. Are you looking to break in someplace, or buy protection for your valuables? |
If being attractive is an important aspect of sexual attraction, why hasn't natural selection turned us all into super models? | Ethics. We're not Sparta. We don't kill our perceived inferior stock because we hold the value that every human life is precious/has something to contribute to society. Capitalism. The more insecure you are, the more shit you buy that you don't need. There's no incentive for society to work towards everyone being healthy and beautiful; If everyone was gorgeous and confident, they would buy less things to make themselves feel better/prettier. People buy more clothes, makeup, and drugs when they're miserable. Subjective beauty. Not everyone finds the same things to be beautiful and this causes us to argue over what is beautiful it's going to be an issue until we've 100% conformed to each other. TLDR; Murdering [your idea of] ugly people is wrong and there's no financial incentive to establish a healthy society. |
What causes my green eyes to vary in color throughout the day? | It is probably due to color constancy our perception of color changes based on the background. Your eye color doesn't vary, but our perception of the color may change._URL_1_ |
Why is manual transmission preferred so much when it comes to sports cars? | Historically, manuals have been faster than their automatic counterparts because automatics shift slow and are heavier. There was also more drivetrain loss in autos. In a sports car, you want the best performance possible so manuals were preferred. However, automatic technology has improved greatly over the last decade. A lot of performance cars have dual-clutch setups which allow for extremely quick shift times - I believe the Volkswagen DSG transmission quotes 8 milliseconds to change gears - just for comparison, it takes around 300 milliseconds to blink your eyes and between 500 milliseconds and one second for the average manual driver to change gear. They've improved so much that high end sports cars such as Ferraris and Lamborghinis are only available with automatics. They still have paddles on the wheel so you can shift up and down as you please, and generally have a full manual mode where it won't change gear for you and give you full control . However, there's no human-operated clutch and no direct selection of gears, so you have to go in sequential order. No going from 2nd directly to 4th, but two quick taps of the paddle would get you there probably still faster than if it were a manual. |
Someone please tell me... Why is Shark Week such a big deal? | It's basically one big circle jerk. Yeah, it's cool and all, but not to the point where people here make it out to be", 'Because Discovery channel plays one or two legitimate documentaries for the only time all year. |
Why do we find comfort in hugs/cuddles/human contact? | The ones who didn't were more likely to die so eventually the ones who did outnumbered the ones who didn't and now it's more common to like those things than not.I honestly think because our conception was inside another human we are comforted from birth by human contact Likewise when you are someone that never gets hugs despite wanting them, it *does* have a negative impact on your health.I never find comfort in human contact I'd rather be alone so something wrong with me?", 'How does hugging or lack of hugs as a child impacts someone later in life? |
The reason for the long lifespan of the Greenland shark. | Greenland sharks can't reproduce until they are ~150 years old, so they have to live, at a minimum, to sexual maturity. The reason for their long life is unknown, if we understood all the factors for why animals die .However, it is postulated to be a combination of a slow metabolism and certain genes that enable proteins to fold better and remove molecules that damage DNA. |
Why are people outraged at animals being kept in captivity at sea world, but not in regular zoos? | Some people are outraged at animals being kept in zoos. But zoos are trying hard to keep the animals comfortable and happy, as much as possible, and to let them live in conditions that are similar to the wild, as much as is possible at a zoo. Their mission involves education, conservation, and helping endangered species reproduce. Sea World, the circuses, and those shady little roadside zoos are motivated by profit. The animals are kept in conditions that don't pay as much attention to the comfort, happiness, and similarity to the wild for the animals. Animals are required to do 'tricks' and behave in ways that aren't natural for them. Sea World, specifically, has recently been criticized for having living conditions that are deeply unpleasant for the orcas whose likenesses are on so many t-shirts and stuffed animals. |
has added new moderators! | Congratulations to all the other mods, new and old, and I hope I'll be able to do my bit to keep ELI5 as one of the best and friendliest subreddits in existence!", 'I'll be happy to help to keep ELI5 as awesome as it is! As my nick suggests, I'm Swedish and I "love boats". I'm not a frantic boat lover, but I live on a boat and I love the life. But SwedishBoatliver sounded wrong. I have plenty of experience being a moderator, and I 've even had my own forum . Congrats to the other new mods!', "Hi, all! I'm excited to be part of the team. ELI5 was one of the first subs that I ever participated in, so it's a real treat to be able to help keep it great. Looking forward to working with everyone. |
Why, if I hold it long enough, does the urge to use the bathroom sometimes go away? | Not qualified to answer, but I assume it has to do with your brain suppressing the feeling so that you aren't constantly bothered in a dangerous situation", 'Do you continue to reabsorb H20 from the urine in your bladder as time goes on without urinating?', "I think this has more to do with mind-over-matter or out-of-sight, out-of-mind. If you're actively doing another activity sometimes you can suppress those urges to pee or even eat for that matter. But eventually it'll catch up with you again and you WILL need to go. It's not healthy to keep yourself from peeing because urination is your body's way of detoxifying , and nobody wants toxins, right? |
What are the economic reasons for why Western Governments bring in immigrants? | First of all, in Angela Merkel's case we're not talking about immigrants, we're talking about refugees. It's an important distinction. International law and, you know, your conscience require that they not be turned away. As for the actual question of immigrants, - They're cheap labor- Turning them back would increase unemployment in their home countries, which generally inspires resentment in the home countries' governments. - Many European countries these days have very low birth rates, which means that their populations are aging. As the population ages, there will be fewer tax-paying workers to pay for the pensions of retirees. Letting in immigrants, who are generally young and generally have higher birthrates, alleviates the problem. - They're going to come one way or the other. If you make it harder for them to get in to the country, they'll pay human traffickers to take them in. If they can't pay back the human traffickers, they'll resort to stealing and drug dealing.Many European countries have low birth-rates while people are also living longer. This means that not enough young people are joining the workforce to earn and pay taxes to pay for the rising costs of supporting more old people with pensions and healthcare. Immigrants from other, poorer European countries and non-European countries are needed to help grow the economy to help pay for increasing social care costs for the elderlyOne reason is the fact that in accepting economic migrants from a poorer neighboring country, the wealthier nation is serving as a sort of pressure cooker relief valve against a failed state on its border -- a huge economic disaster in the case of say, the US and Mexico .They don't bring in immigrants, the immigrants came here because their country is currently uninhabitable bacause of war. They only say it's not nice to kick them out while they have nowhere to go. Most of them will probably go back home once the war is over. |
Suppose I eat a huge amount of extra calories in a day (say 10K), do all of them turns into a fat? | I just want to say. I see a lot of contradictory information in this thread and not a single source. Not even a logical explanation of how anybody got to their conclusion. I don't think it is rocket appliances. Run a calorie test on some poop |
Why do you get that awful feeling in your stomach when you hear bad news or feel betrayed or jealous? | I get this feeling extremely often for almost trivial things. Walking to a party? Nauseous. Someone knocks on the door? Nauseous. It's been more than 8 minutes in the lesson and the lecturer hasn't turned up? Oh god, I don't recognise these people, am I in the right class, where is the tutor? |
Why does the US have five branches of military? | The United States of America has 6 uniformed branches of service. The neglected one is the United States Public Health Service. They are uniformed, have a command structure, are activatable, and deployable. They have pay, leave, and retirement commensurate to the other services. When the newly appointed members of a President's cabinet are familiarized with deployable forces they are quite happy to discover they have a corps of medical forces ready to deploy. |
How did humans become so intelligent. While other animals didn't? | I started writing an essay then realized it was way too long, so here's the shorter version. It's hard to tell what intelligence really is, but I bet you are talking about brain size. Humans have large brains because we evolved to have them. Humans that had larger brains were more likely to survive and then their kids were more likely to have larger brains, and so on and so on, until you get to modern humans. And we really have pretty stinkin' huge noodles! They're about 3 times bigger than science says they should be! WHY did we evolve for this? Well, it's hard to say, but basically larger brains meant you were able to eat , and avoid being eaten. Other animals are intelligent too! and [other birds], and [Koko], and [dolphins], and even [octopuses]) Big kid talk: brains are actually pretty expensive from a biological standpoint, they require a lot of time to develop , and they require a lot of fuel . Also, brain size isn't everything, there is evidence of human ancestors with smaller brains that were [just as intelligent], and also animals like whales obviously have larger brains and shrews have larger brains for their body size than humans do.Cooking with fire. Kills parasites, allows access to more protein sources, and allows you to evolve a smaller jaw/smaller jaw muscles which in turn give you more space for a brain.You make the mistake of assuming that intelligence is the goal of evolution. It's not; its just another mutation, and a very rare one at that. |
What is happening in the body when a person is depressed? | This may be slightly irrelevant, but when I started exercising, I felt so much better. Eat healthy, too. It will definitely help you recover. I trust that you'll be able to fully recover:) Hobbies don't hurt either! Do something you loved to do when you were a kid, whether it's to play with hot wheels and build them homes from legos and give them personalities Or if it's coloring like a boss in a themed coloring book of your favorite cartoon show haha. I wish you the best. Just know that there are people on Reddit who are here for you. :) |
Why and when did sex turned into a dirty sin and become something bad or something we can't open talk about? | It's interesting because there are tribal societies who don't understand parentage, and they have sex willy nilly with no regard. They think that spirits get women pregnant and that it has nothing to do with sex. So I'm inclined to believe that once we discovered the parenting aspects of sex, competitive forces came back into play, and we structured our society around mitigating those competitive forces. |
Airsoft: what are these guns for? | like most said, it's like a paintball gun but it shoots small plastic balls. It's also a bit different than paintball as most airsoft guns looks way more like the real thing |
What part of an explosion actually hurts you? | The shockwave also gives your internal organs a fair shake don't forget, slamming them into your rib cage, causing quite considerable damage that may become apparent anytime from immediately to days. For further reading [Blast Injury] |
How do you pay taxes in the US? If I owe $5000, for example, would I need to have a $5000 check ready on tax day? | You must pay taxes quarterly. Most of the time you opt to automatically deduct those from your check. Often times people will opt to pay at the end of the year as there is only a, I think, 0.5% difference . who cares right? YOu can pre-pay your taxes in what is called estimated taxes either for the year or quarter. IF you file by hand, especially as a business, you will see all those fields on your federal and state forms. What if you're short at the end of the year? Pony up. That is *due* on the due date. You can ask for a payment plan but that will come with an interest penalty. Businesses can get a free extension period through October but that doesn't extend to individuals but only if they made their 3 quarterly payments on time. Oh and the Gov will cash that check as soon as they get it. That friggin day. |
The Sony leak: How did hackers manage to transfer 100TB of data out of Sony without being noticed? | Because the majority of people using these networks don't understand security on more than a superficial level, and hardware security is almost non-existent. Cisco, the company that makes the majority of network infrastructure in this country, recently declared that they just aren't looking into hardware security research Because reasons. The new generation of emperors stand naked in front of windows that they've been told are solid walls. |
2,013 years ago someone decided it would be a good idea to start keeping time... Who and why? | In the 6th Century, a monk named Dionysius Exiguus was computing the dates of Easter for a calendar. At the time, years were reckoned from the reign of the Roman Emperor who wasn't particularly nice to Christians. Dionysius didn't think that appropriate for his calendar, so he took a wild, not terribly well informed guess as to when he thought Christ was born, and based his calendar on that. The calendar became popular, the dating system caught on, and now the world bases their calendars on one man's wild guess. |
How does ring re-sizing work? How is it possible to do it without breaking or warping the metal? | Good places just add a bit of metal . I dont remember the name of them, but its not a flattering name. That way, they don't actually change the ring. Just like soldering / desoldering. |
What would happen if a newborn is raised by someone who can't talk, and that kid grows up never hearing anyone talk? | I had a student who had been severely abused when she was little. Locked in a closet, minimal interaction with people. I had her in middle school. Not only was she tiny and mentally disturbed but her language was also affected. If I had to describe what it was like, she kind of reminded me of the way a deaf person who sort of speaks English sounds, only everything was just a little more wrong than that. She will never sound like a native speaker because her intervention happened around 5 or 6 and she was pretty non verbal to that point. She had speech therapists throughout once she was removed from the home. It was a sad, sad story. She'd have been a relatively normal person, too, had this not happened to her. It's probably the worst part of it. |
Why do I have to get an undergrad degree to go to law school ? | A law degree in the US is an advanced degree, similar to a MA or PhD, it is actually a JD which is a doctorate. You need a bachelor's to get into any advanced degree. |
What is it like to have your period in space? | It's the same. The body pushes out the blood, it's not gravity doing the work. Gravity helps but a tampon will work just the same as on earth.My comment if too late to make much impact, but if you enjoy learning about these types of space questions, i would like to introduce you to \u200bAmy Shira Teitel. She introduces interesting space topics on YouTube every week. Well worth checking out. Here is her take on your exact question. _URL_0_', "While this might seem prurient, I think it's a really good question about involuntary bodily functions in space. I wanted to add on another question if anyone would be willing to answer: How does the digestive process differ in earth and in space? Specifically, do we digest faster or slower? Why? Is heartburn more likely in space? How is the process/mechanics of vomiting affected in zero-gravity? .Amy Shira Teitel did a great YouTube video on this recently. _URL_1_', "There's a great NPR article about this and astronaut Sally Ride. Essentially it's not gravity, but uterine muscles that push the menses out in the right direction. It's also a neat explanation for period cramping. The bloodflow to the uterine lining is cut off by the muscle contractions.the thing which interests me more is, how often will you have your peroid in space? if you are in space for like 5 years, your inner clock is totally ruined. so is it still once a month? will it probably change?What would happen to a child who was conceived, gestated, and born in space? |
Why do we need to have a balanced nutrition while animals dont? | If you're asking why we eat multiple things while animals like, say, a cat only eats meat, it's because we're omnivores. This means that we are designed to process meat and plants and everything in between. We evolved from great apes, who are also omnivores. Chimps, our closest cousins, eat a lot of fruit and pith and insects, but they also really, really like meat when they can get their hands on it and have been known to hunt. Cats, on the other hand, are straight up carnivores and are designed to process meat. |
Having just watched a documentary on Chernobyl and it's condition today, why is it that vegetation seems to be mostly unaffected by the fatal radiation which would kill us? | There is almost no fatal radiation in the Chernobyl area any more. There are a few hot spots that might slightly increase your cancer risk over the next 30 years, but outside of the actual reactor area, not much. People could live there mostly normal lives there, they'd just get sick a little more often. Also, plants are more radiation resistant than humans. Plants are less metabolically active and have fewer specialized tissues. They can get cancer, but because their cells are immobile, they don't spread around and metastasize like in animals. |
How does our mind decide what our voice sounds like when we read things in our head? | Your internal voice generally tends to mimic whatever voice you're around the most. Being you're around yourself all the time you usually sound like you! Or very similar, but you sometimes will hear other 'vocal sounds' if you listen to someone else long enough. Sort of like when you listen to your mom nagging all day and all you can hear is her voice. TL;DR Sounds like people around you, including you.Our minds can predict how a voice would sound by relating it to prior experiences. Your own voice, or Morgan Freeman's voice is just your brain deciding it will present you with a stimulus you already know. If you haven't ever head your own voice I doubt your brain does create the illusion of "hearing" your inner voiceI lost a tooth recently and when i had to talk, i was making a weird hissing noise with "S"sounds. Well, a week of talking like that and my own inner voice in my head began to make that sound too. I HATED THAT.I don't hear, I just imagine a person sitting in front of a printer and a large room full of filing cabinets, where he just takes what I read and files it away in case corporate needs to take a look at the information that was held on the file. |
Could Tony Stark be prosecuted for murders that Jarvis causes? | Currently, yes . Since an AI would be considered property of a person, you'd be responsible for all damages it caused . |
How does therapy work for Anxiety and other personality disorders? | There are a lot of different explanations for why therapy helps different types of disorders. Its difficult to give a general answer to how therapy helps anxiety, bipolar or various personality disorders because they are different disorders, and may be explained and treated with different types of therapies. In general therapies with good outcomes are those that are characterized by a good 'therapeutic alliance' between the patient and the therapist. Which means that you and your therapist are getting a long well, agreeing on what to work on in therapy and how to work on it. This usually includes the therapist showing warmth and being empathic. The patient's contribution to therapy also predicts outcome, as well as other factors. In general therapy has been shown to be effective in treatment of a range of disorders. Your therapist may be able to give you a more specific answer :) |
How come the F-22 surpassed expectations, yet the same company who made it, can't deliver with the F-35 in performance? | As others have said specialization. The F-35 recently lost in air to air close combat with an F-16. However that is not the F-35's goal. The F-35 is designed to be a hundred miles out unseen, firing a missile at the F-16", 'The F-22 had plenty of teething problems on its own. It was plague by huge budget over runs. Basically, it costs twice as much money than was originally planned and only 1/4 of the aircraft that were originally planned were produced.The F-35 is a very complex machine, designed to solve different problems. Some of those problems conflict with each other, like the Marines desire to delicately hover and the Navy's requirement to take catapult shots from a carrier. And who says they can't deliver? They're deep in the process of working on the problems. |
What is the difference between pleading "guilty", "not guilty", and "no contest" in court? | IANAL but . - pleading guilty: yes, yes, I confess, I did it. - pleading not guilty: no, I did not do it, justice system has to proove me guilty. - no contest: Im not saying whether or not I did or didn't do it - the punishment you are likely to give me in this case is better than a long protracted legal battle and especially so in the case where I am - regardless of whether or not I did it, which I'm still not saying - found guilty. This plea's use is very limited and highly subjected to jurisdiction. When you plead guilty usually there is some component of your punishment based on the crime you admit you committed , but other components which can be reduced in recompense for having saved the legal system a lengthy and costly court battle. |
So what was B:\ drive? Why isn't A:\ drive the primary and how did C:\ become king? | B drive was the second floppy drive.it was a big deal.It meant that you could copy disk to disk without floppy swapping.Floppy swapping was the nightmare of the 80's but it beat the ever loving hell out of using cassette tapes.How many of you remember 8" floppy discs? I only ever saw/used them a couple times very early in my career.Yikes, it's sad that I know the answer to this. I'm getting old. |
How does gene activation work? Aren't genes mere blueprints? How does a gene "activate itself"? | If you want just a basic idea of how it works I hope this helps, and it's not super wtf! Ok, so your genes are written in your DNA. Genes code for a protein, but DNA and proteins are written in different languages. So if you need to make a protein, DNA is 'transcripted' into RNA then 'translated' into a protein.The reason for this is DNA is stored in the nucleus but cannot leave, RNA can leave so it copies DNA, leaves and can then be used to code for a protein. As for gene activation, think of insulin. When you eat and glucose enters your bloodstream, it gets to you pancreas and triggers a pathway that leads to the gene that codes for insulin. So basically, if you need something, some messenger triggers a bunch of biochemical pathway that will lead to RNA going to that gene, opening it up and copying it so it can then leave and get that protein made. |
If the sun is getting hotter in billions of years does that mean that planets farther from us may become suitable for life (while earth may not). | I'm not sure if you're aware of this, but the gas giants are not habitable worlds. They are planets, but they are *gas giants,* not *terrestrial* worlds. We can only live on the latter. While it's not necessarily impossible that there could be life 'on' gas giants, no organism similar to anything of our world could live in a place like that. There's no surface, they're mostly liquid gases, have extremely high gravity, and their atmospheres are made of things like methane. Life for us is impossible in those places. We can only live in rocky places. Mars is one possibility, maybe, but it's not very much like our planet. It's got very little water, low gravity, a very thin atmosphere we can't breathe, no magnosphere to protect us from radiation or hold a good atmosphere, and more. Living there would be more similar to living on the Moon than on Earth. Some of the larger moons of the gas giants might be more hopeful. A lot depends on which period of the Sun's age we're looking at. The Sun isn't just going to get hotter and brighter, it's going to get *bigger*. It will eventually expand to swallow the earth, which would make Mars and even Jupiter a lot closer to its corona than now. Given the scale of time we're talking about, humans like us won't be around then. We'll have either evolved into something very different from what we are now, or gone extinct. If the latter, we'll hopefully not even have to worry about it, thanks to being able to just pick up and go to a more hospital system. |
Why do my teeth start moving back to their original position when I don't wear my retainer for a few nights (after 15 years of wearing it)? | My orthodontist has explained this to me a few times. Your teeth will naturally move a bit back to their original places. It is bad if you don't wear your retainer for a few nights in a row repetitively. Your teeth will shift back to their new places due to the retainer, then when off they will shift back towards their original spots. If you do this multiple times it weakens your teeth. My ortho told me to just stop wearing the retainer because I wouldn't wear it consistently enough. |
If a day would last for 48 hrs, for how long would humans sleep and be awake ? | The question is how long would employers try to work you if a day was 48 hours. But me personally I'd probably stay awake for 33 or so hours and sleep the rest. Edit: I have no explanation because this doesn't exist. |
How the TSA continues to get funding and exist despite all the public outcry and disapproval. | because the new agency won't be any better , the amount of people and the work they do makes errors and problems almost inevitable |
When a jar won't open, why does hitting it from the bottom, or tapping the lid on the edge of the counter, work to make it easier to open? | Most jars like you are talking about are packaged while heated. As the contents cool down a vacuum forms in the container which makes it harder to unscrew the lid. Smacking the bottom of a full jar can cause gasses trapped in the contents of the jar to be released . This increases the pressure inside the container making the lid a little easier to remove. Finally, don't underestimate the power of a good smack on a sealed container. The shock forces you generate can slightly deform the lid making it easier to open. DO NOT TRY AT HOME: Fun fact. If you take a sealed, full glass bottle of Snapple and smack it firmly with your hand on the lid you can generate enough force to cause the bottom of the Snapple bottle to completely sheer off.The most effective method is to use the curve of a spoon as a lever against the side of the jar to lift the bottom edge of the lid just enough to allow air in and break the vacuum that seals the jar tight. It may take experimenting with different sized spoons to get the right angle and grip on any specific jar and lid combination. Some jars need that small pointy spoon to get under the lid because the fit of the lid on the jar has so little space to access it. If too little space is available to get the spoon under the lid, try a butter knife levered over some fulcrum for the knife to rest onThe only thing I know that works is hitting the lid of the jar to deform it . The deformations make it easier to turn the lid. |
why there aren't any animals that photosynthesize | I've always wished my hair would photosynthesize, so laying in the sun could be like having a snack.Actually, humans photosynthesize - we make Vitamin D from sunshineLike watabit said, this looks like a question for [askscience]!', "The efficiency of photosynthesis under optimal conditions is [3%-6% of total incident solar radiation.] If you assume the average person could expose a maximum of half their surface area to direct sunlight , that would provide around [0.9m^2] of surface area for photosynthesis. At 40 degrees latitude, the earth receives [~600 Watts of solar energy per m^2]. At 6% conversion efficiency, that means 36 Watts/m^2. Using our person exposing 0.9m^2, you could generate 32 Watts. Converted to calories, you would generate 0.00765 Calories per second. Over the course of an 8 hour day completely exposed , you would generate ~220 Calories of glucose, or about what you get in 1.5 cans of Coke. This meagre amount of calories comes with the risk of skin cancer and enormous complexity combining photosynthetic parts with heterotrophic parts - not to mention if its cloudy, or dark, or you're standing upright etc etc etc you will reach nowhere near this number. Further, most mammals , are covered in fur to keep them warm. In most climates, removing the fur to allow for photosynthesis would cost more energy than it gains through heat loss. I suspect, evolutionarily speaking, it is not worth it.It would dehydrate us rapidly. Plants use an absurd amount of water to photosynthesize molecules. The "veins" of a plant carry water from roots to their leaves. These veins work the same way as if you placed to pieces of glass together drawing water up between them. The water eventually reaches the leaves and does its thing and then is sucked out of the leaves into the air through tiny holes. |
Why are Google, Microsoft, Yahoo, and Cisco all supporting CISPA when most of them vehemently opposed SOPA? | Because they used the combined might of the internets opinion to protest SOPA because it didn't protect their companies from prosecution. CISPA has a provision where the companies won't get in trouble as long as they give up the users who the government deems bad. These companies never cared about the publics rights or privacy. They just used all of us to save their own businesses.As a person outside America, what does this mean to me. Can my information be bought and sold?', "[Most of Reddit is severely anti-CISPA, so I came here looking for a neutral perspective] - r/NeutralPolitics post from yesterday I know it's generally frowned upon to just submit a link as an answer, but I don't really feel like just copy/ pasting that guy's response, plus there's some other good discussion in the thread directly addressing the question |
When children are abducted why do police put the parents on TV etc to appeal (and they are clearly the prime suspects? | Well if you have both parents together, they clearly don't have the kid. So their innocence has probably already been established by the time they put them on TV to beg the child-snatcher to bring back their kid. |
Why does travelling make people tired? | For daily commutes, I think it's just the monotony of the routine bores you to sleep. Otherwise, it might just be the droning, loud engine noises and vibration. [here] is an ELI5 from a while ago that answers the question pretty well. |
Why is the price of an EpiPen climbing so rapidly? | Basically in a nutshell, more money. Medicine is a lightly monopolized industry, and it happens that epipens are only made by one company. In capitalism; competition = better products for better prices, but when only one company is making them Well, pay their price or you don't get it. |
Why is Jill Stein the one requesting the recount? What is she expecting to get out out of it? | As a third party candidate Jill Stein has nothing to lose, but the authority to ask for a recount. The speculation that Russia hacked or influenced the US elections is rumored, whispered- but serious. If a recount exposes irregularities it would be a story. Then again, Bush didn't win at least twice and he was President for 8 years. |
The common cold / influenza. How does our immune system not completely block them after fighting them off once? | Because it's not the same disease every time. The virus mutates fast enough that by the time a population is immune to one strain of the disease, a new one already exists. |
Why are escorts able to work legally? | They don't operate legally. They try their best to skirt the law but they all eventually get caught in stings and shut down.Cause you pay them for their time only. No sexual services are offered or expected. Legally speaking. |
Why are college institutions like Sororities popular in American and some Canadian universities but unknown in other countries? | because in other countries it's about what you know and the universities are there to teach you needed skills. In America What you know is irrelevant and you only get a job if you have personal connections. College in the states is a business, they aren't there to help you. |
Why do my pubes stop growing at a certain length but the hair on my head doesn't? | There hair on your head does stop at a certain length, it is just a MUCH longer length, and you likely haven't let your hair grow to that length yet. Every single hair has a limit on growth, and if you stopped cutting your hair for the rest of your life, you would ultimately find the maximum length. |
How did the Norse religion become part of the Marvel universe? Do marvel now have copyright over a set of Gods? | Comic book creators basically keep pulling crazy ideas out of their ass and hope something sticks. Thor, in my opinion, is a terrible comic book hero concept, especially trying to fit the entirety of Norse mythology in with mutants and aliens and super-scientists. But people bought the comics, so he stuck. Marvel does not have a copyright on Norse Gods, because that's not how copyrights work. You can copyright songs or books or movies, but not ideas. Marvel does have a trademark on their version of Thor, and you could get into trouble if you tried to copy any unique elements they introduced. But it is a pretty weak trademark because so much of the story comes from mythology. Anyone who wanted to could make a Thor comic book or movie, as long as they stayed away from the Marvel Thor. |
How do free softwares like VLC Player make any money? | Some have a community of developers donate their time, others sell support service for their software etc. RedHat makes a linux distribution, but also teaches training for a healthy sum. I'm sure they have other services too. |
Is turning your cell phone off "good" for it? | Turning off completely unneeded, but a reboot daily isn't a bad idea. It will sit down programs running in the background and clear memory usage. Just because you close out of an app doesn't mean it's not running. Also keep an eye on the apps that run automatically. |
If dinosaurs were truly extinct before humans came into being, why do so many mythologies tell of dragons/wyverns/other beasts that totally sound like dinosaurs in retrospect? | Giant animals are a staple in legends, giant dogs, giant snakes, giant goats, you name it. Dragons are giant lizards. Also, besides the big and reptile part, dinosaurs don't match up that well is legendary depictions of dragons. |
Why I should tip on carry-out? | Server here, the reason I recommend tipping when you get take out is because 1) You just ordered from a server ) 2) When you go to pick it up. It is a server tendering you out. Thus you're now with a server purchasing from them. 3) The server usually also bags your food, gets your condiments, silverware, and anything else that you might require for the short duration you're around. The reason I recommend you tip is due to the reason that it could be a server helping you. When a server is helping you he doesn't get paid any extra unless you tip him. So, that 10-15 minutes I'm helping you is 10-15 minutes I am not at my table trying to make a living. Because the fact is that servers don't get paid like an adult. We live off your generosity. So, tip or don't tip it's up to you. Hopefully this helps answer your question. Edit: Deleted some info that I need to verify. |
How on earth do parking garages underneath skyscrapers support themselves? | The same way the rest of the skyscraper does. You don't seem surprised that the ground floor manages to support the building above it, so why would one floor further down be any different? Try a thought experiment: dig a four-story hole. Build a skyscraper in the bottom with 22 floors. Said tower doesn't collapse, right? . Now, what's the difference between that, and the building that you work in? |
If feminists are fighting for gender equality, then why call themselves feminists? | Combination of several answers here. Historically women have been building up from a lower status, which made a lot more sense back then. Still makes sense today since they're not entirely equal. And, as someone else pointed out, the societal disrespect of feminism and femininity as being a major source of problems and gender inequality. The two hand in hand keep the name very apt even today. Hopefully one day there won't need to be feminists because we've stopped being dicks.Look at it this way: feminism is called feminism because it is the female that needs the most "help" to achieve equality in society. Now that legally, we're very close to gender equality, modern feminism is more about double standards and the social and economical equality of the sexes, than about the law and actual rights. We 've come a long way, but the way this society views women still has a long way to go. Although we'll probably never reach 100% equality, its something to aim for.These other answers are long and confusing. I'll try and make this simple: we live in a patriarchy. a society where over time, males had the upper hand and have purposefully denied rights to women. You've had to have noticed this inequality some point that this in your life. Did you know that there is a name for a society that holds women as more obvious leaders? A matriarchy is a when women are in charge and there have been societies like this in the past. So, we live in a patriarchy, the GROUP trying to advocate for change and equality are simple called Feminists beause that is the opposite to balance a patriarchy. IF YOU LIVED IN A MATRIACHY WHERE WOMEN ARE IN CHARGE, THE PEOPLE CALLING FOR EQUAL RIGHT WOULD BE CALLED MASCULISM |
Why is sugar bad for us if glucose is to us what diesel is to a truck? | Sugar isn't bad for us -- we absolutely need it to survive. Too much sugar, however, is a bad thing. |
If we are not expecting nuclear war, why nuclear powers still keep their arsenal? | Once you're a nuclear power, there is far less chance of being attacked or threatened by another nation. No one want a nuke dropped on their soldiers/citizens/bases/cities. It's called nuclear deterrent. Also, although some countries have agreed in the past to stop making new nukes, and even reduce the number possessed, no country wants to give them up first, as they'd them become vulnerable nuclear attack. Another thing to consider is Mutually Assured Destruction. At a certain point during the Cold War, he two opposing nuclear powers stockpiled enough warheads that they could reasonably expect that if one attacked the other, the victim would have enough time to launch their own attack. In the case of mutually assure destruction, there are so many warheads available to each country, that both would have enough fire power make it to the targets to completely destroy both countries completely. While this led to mass fear and paranoia for decades, I believe that nuclear proliferation has led to greater peace: No all out war between two competing super-nations for decades despite the power to ruin the enemy have developed nuclear arms, there has been little physical hostility despite cultural, and historical animosity, and the terrorism issues that currently exist between them.It's the opposite of the "You hang up first" scenario, in terms of compassion for the other person. "You get rid of your nuclear weapons first.No, you get rid of YOUR nuclear weapons first." |
How do certain types of music sound good to some and unbearable to others? | i'm a musician and artist myself. i personally believe it may have something to do with validation; you expect specific sequences of notes and when you hear them it gives you some sort of personal confirmation on some core level we have a hard time analyzing. just a theory. tldr: you heard the notes you'd expect, and that makes you feel good about yourself. |
What it that feeling of horrible burning when water goes up your nose when diving into a pool or just taking a shower and reaching down for something? | I don't know about the first two situations, but the last one is most definitely my cellmate Steve. |
Many countries place a high tax on alcohol, tobacco, fuel, etc. for their detrimental effects on society. Why isn't confectionary / fast food treated the same? | Part of the problem is that the root causes of obesity aren't well understood by policy-makers or the public. The U.S. Food Pyramid is a good example, a narrative taught to children promoting at its base the very starches and grains that contribute most strongly to adiposity. Some difficult logistical hurdles would need to be overcome to implement your tax: would you tax a salad at McDonalds at the same rate as a double-cheeseburger or a super-sized fries? What about a grilled chicken sandwich? |
Is "free X with purchase of Y" a legitimate loophole to sell things typically illegal? (e.g. Free moonshine with every purchase of $30 pen) | It would be considered by a U.S. court to be a 'sham sale' because no reasonable person would pay $30 for a pen . Once the sham sale is established, the excess amount would be atteibuted to the free or reduced price product. The question often comes up by people in the context of scalping tickets. |
Why do some helicopters have two rotor blades and others have four ? And what exactly are the benefits of each type? | Generally, you want to have the fewest amount of blades possible. If you have too many blades, each one is moving in the wake of the one ahead of it. It also increases rotor mass, etc. However, each blade can realistically produce a certain amount of lift. This is because the tip of the wing is limited to the speed of sound, so you can't just spin the rotor faster to get more lift forever. So you have to figure given a certain blade size and shape how much each blade can lift, then use that and the amount of lift you need to figure out how many blades you should have |
When falling asleep on a car journey, how do I wake up just minutes before getting back home, without anyone waking me up? | Often on very long trips, or when driving cross-country, the lion's share of the driving happens on big, fast open roads that go mostly in straight lines - highyways, motorways, etc. However, when you get close to your home, you pull off onto secondary and tertiary roads, where the surface is worse, there's more turns and weaves and stops, and you just get jostled awake by the sudden change in surroundings and background noise. |
What is my half-brothers sister by a different father to me? | Not the OP, but lately I've been wondering. Before my mother married my father she was married to a man who had children with his previous wife. She was widowed young, and later married my father and I was born. What are her step-children to her first husband to me? Are they still some kind of step-siblings to me? Those kids were adults by the time she married my father.You are not related in any way to that person. You may consider them a sibling or something similar to a cousin if you are raised around them and have developed familial bonds with them, but there is no actual connection to you and so there is no term for such a connectionShe would just be your brothers sister. She has no other ties to you,unless you both get on and call each other bro and sis. My mum has a half brother who has a brother with no relation to her or me but i call him uncle as i see him that way. |
What happens when you renew wedding vows? | It doesn't actually mean anything, legally. It's just something that people who have been married for a while sometimes do in order to reaffirm their love and commitment and throw a nice party for friends and family. They usually sort of re -create a wedding atmosphere and it ends up being a fun, romantic way to celebrate an anniversary. But it's not a legal contract like a marriage is, no forms are being signed, no licenses required, and it's not required by the government, by a religion, or whatever. It's just a good excuse for a couple to reaffirm their partnership and celebrate. |
Why do we keep using months? Wouldn't it be easier to just count days from 1 to 365 every year instead? | In the same way we eat our food in bitesize pieces rather than wolf it down all in one go; it's easier and less daunting to digest a large number like 365 in smaller pieces. |
If there are sin taxes on items harmful to the body such as alcohol and tobacco products to discourage purchasing them, why aren’t there any on unhealthy foods? | Even if it would be practical to set appropriate taxes on something this complicated, it's unclear if this should be the government's role at all. Laws should certainly shield us from some dangerous situations and substances, but there has to be a balance between protection and intrusiveness. The government isn't my mother and we can't turn the world into a rubber room with all sharp corners padded. |
Why do we "feel" when someone it's staring at us. | You can't. You just remember the times you thought someone was and turned around and someone was looking at you. The other 99% of the time when no one was looking at you gets forgotten. |
Why do our ears "ring" | There are many good answers in this thread- one of the most common causes, damage to the tiny hair-like cells in your ear, has been covered extensively. However, as someone who suffers from moderate tinnitus, I should point out that there are dozens of causes of ringing in the ears, and the condition is in many ways poorly understood. If anyone comes across this thread because they are concerned about a recent flare up of tinnitus, see an Ear Nose and Throat doctor, they are the best qualified to tell you what is actually causing it, as it may be a symptom of a larger problem . Do it asap- the chances your tinnitus will be treatable/reversible depend on how quickly you act, in some cases. Of course, this only applies to bothersome tinnitus. Most people have minor tinnitus; if it doesn't bother you don't worry about it, as it's extremely common to have some small amount of ringing.What if Tinnitus is just our ability to hear the hum of the universe? |
How are actors/actresses under the age of 18 allowed to play adult scenes in films and tv shows? | They aren't performing the acts, they are making it seem as they are. It's the sams reason people are able to perform crimes on TV shows :) |
How exactly does a 401(k) work? | You work your 40 hour week and receive your paycheck. You'll see on there you get paid $1000, but $200 get's taken out for 401, and then you are taxed 20% of the $800 left, so you go home with $640. That $200 then gets sent to your 401 fund which is generally managed by a firm to get you good investments so that you can retire on it. However you do have input onto how they invest it, if you would like. At the end of your career , you start withdrawing from your 401. However, remember how you didn't pay taxes on that $200 you sent to your 401 ever week? Well now you have to pay income tax on what you withdraw. Why do we pay taxes after withdrawing instead of before putting it in? Well it's because the math behind growing an average of 5% every year growth) says that if you can put the full amount in at the beginning you can make more money while investing even after accounting for being taxed at the end. |
Why are loot crates in video games not declared as gambling? | It is in some countries. In countries like South Korea, a game like Overwatch or Hearthstone has to be more up-front with their outcomes. That said, purchasing something with a guaranteed value isn't necessarily gambling. A company like Loot Crate sends you a mystery box each month for your money. Its value is unknown, for the most part. You're not losing your money, you're getting something for it. |
How do car key-fobs work and why do we not see machines that can mass-spoof unlock signals like computer passwords? | What you're thinking of is called brute force algorithm. Where you just try everything. Now it's been done before where people try to get the key fobs signal and replicate them to steal a car, which makes brute force unnecessary because then you might end up signaling the alarm. |
Why is "making your heart work harder" by being fat bad for you, but making it work harder during exercise good for you? | When you're fat, your body generally has higher cholesterol, and plaque buildup than a person with a more balanced bmi Your heart has to work harder to push blood through that stuff, being obese can cause a variety of vasoconstrictive problems, further leading to pressure or clogging problems.Heart muscle is very complicated. Most people have mentioned "rest" as a factor but that's not the whole story. During exercise your heart is forced to pump more volume, that is the main mechanism of strain, when overweight your heart is forced to pump higher pressures. The differences in strain make the muscle respond in different ways due to different streching, afterload, etc With volume the muscle grows slightly thicker and the ventricle grows slightly larger. This is **physiological hypertrophy** and is healthy for the most part. With pressure the muscle grows thicker, and the decreased blood flow thanks to plaque in arteries encourages fibrosis of the muscle. This is when connective tissue is made within the muscle and can often replace the muscle cells themselves. This makes the heart much thicker than when trained and very stiff, reducing the amount of blood that can fill it and perfuse it, this is called **pathological hypertrophy.** tl;dr: Training causes mild growth of the muscle thickness and the size of the ventricle's lumen. High blood pressure caused by obesity results in massive growth in the thickness of the ventricle and actually decreases the size of the lumen. If you wish to know more, look up the bolded words above. |
Why does that "insert" key that deletes your text as you type exist? | That's the sole purpose of the insert key. To toggle between over type and insert mode. Insert mode being that characters are added without replacing existing characters |
How can the Market Basket supermarket chain go two months without selling products and still be a salvageable business enterprise? | It's easy - if ATD comes back, everything can return to normal. If not, game over. |
The difference between equity in a company and royalties | 5 percent equity stake means that you own 5% of the company - this would mean that if the company grows net profit wise from 100$ to 1000$ your share in the company would jump from 5$ to 50$, and your dividends would also be according to that. 5% royalty would be off the top. It's deducted from your revenues and it's before tax and other expenses. This means if the company sells 200$ worth of goods, with a 5% royalty, you would receive 10$ every year. Royalties do not share in the wealth of the firm- they only take part in the top line of the revenue while equity means that you have ownership in the company and are entitled to a share in its net profits based on the dividend policy of the company. |
how is that we hear that the world is over populated yet we have countries like Spain saying they need families to have more babies? | Because population isn't distributed equally, and single examples of nations aren't representative of the world. China and India combined, have almost 2.7 billion people, almost 36% of the world population. Certain countries are vastly overpopulated, or have very high population growth. On the other hand, some countries have a declining population, and negative population growth. |
Why are large denomination currencies still in circulation? | $100 bills really are not that large I use them fairly often. Cutting down on the circulation of these bills wouldn't prevent illegal activities, just annoy law-abiding citizens. |
How can cell phones and other electronic devices tell how much battery life they have left. | Batteries have a predictable rate of discharge. It's shown in a *discharge curve*. [link] By knowing the starting, design voltage of the battery, it's total capacity and it's present voltage, it's a relatively simple matter to calculate how much of the total energy remains. There are more accurate and perhaps complicated ways to calculate this as well. Calculating the total energy in and out of the battery is possible, given accurate measurements. This can even be made to adjust it's predictions when the battery ages and can store less total energy. Edits:typos", 'Every battery is slightly different, so devices with built in batteries , and devices that only use a specific kind of battery made for that device have software that knows exactly how their battery behaves as it discharges because it knows the battery's "personality". So engineers have tested the subtle changes in voltage of that specific battery, and they 've written software to know exactly what those changes mean in terms of battery charge. When you have a device that takes AA batteries for example, you can put all sorts of AA batteries in that device and others maybe), so the device has no clue what the subtle changes in voltage mean, because it doesn't know what type of battery it's using. Some devices can be told in the menu whether you're going to put NiMH or some other type of battery inside, so that it can better estimate the charge.It's actually based on the discharge curve of the battery. Each type of battery has a particular discharge curve that can be used to approximate how much charge is left. It's easiest to measure when a battery is nearly dead as there is usually a big drop towards the end of the curve. Here is a link for example:_URL_7_ Source: Built a battery charger circuit. |
Why does getting an education cost so much? (tuition fees, text books, etc...) | Because people have to live off these costs. Academic staff are extremely specialised and have skills that are essential but hard to acquire, ergo they need to be paid enough to live off, plus the value of their skill set, plus all the other points with respect to employment. Textbooks cost a lot because the writers are academics who are effectively writing a whole course into the book, because the publisher has to find more academics to confirm that the first lot are writing academically sound content. Plus they need to cover physical costs of book publishing and turn a profit. Not to mention this isn't going to be a best seller, its bought by a small market and secondhand sales are competition to them. We have other issues, like the university needs to maintain their facilities, accreditation of their courses, keep an up to date library, source cadavers for anything involving human biology, computer labs are practically a given, copiers, paper for copiers, IT network etc. |
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